FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Cardenas, E Wu, WM Leigh, MB Carley, J Carroll, S Gentry, T Luo, J Watson, D Gu, B Ginder-Vogel, M Kitanidis, PK Jardine, PM Zhou, J Criddle, CS Marsh, TL Tiedje, JA AF Cardenas, Erick Wu, Wei-Min Leigh, Mary Beth Carley, Jack Carroll, Sue Gentry, Terry Luo, Jian Watson, David Gu, Baohua Ginder-Vogel, Matthew Kitanidis, Peter K. Jardine, Philip M. Zhou, Jizhong Criddle, Craig S. Marsh, Terence L. Tiedje, James A. TI Microbial communities in contaminated sediments, associated with bioremediation of uranium to submicromolar levels SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU BIOSTIMULATION; SP NOV.; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; GEN. NOV.; REDUCING BACTERIA; REDUCTION; AQUIFER; BIOREDUCTION; GROUNDWATER; REOXIDATION AB Microbial enumeration, 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, and chemical analysis were used to evaluate the in situ biological reduction and immobilization of uranium(VI) in a long-term experiment (more than 2 years) conducted at a highly uranium-contaminated site (up to 60 mg/liter and 800 mg/kg solids) of the U.S. Department of Energy in Oak Ridge, TN. Bioreduction was achieved by conditioning groundwater above ground and then stimulating growth of denitrifying, Fe (III)-reducing, and sulfate-reducing bacteria in situ through weekly injection of ethanol into the subsurface. After nearly 2 years of intermittent injection of ethanol, aqueous U levels fell below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water and groundwater (<30 mu g/liter or 0.126 mu M). Sediment microbial communities from the treatment zone were compared with those from a control well without biostimulation. Most-probable-number estimations indicated that microorganisms implicated in bioremediation accumulated in the sediments of the treatment zone but were either absent or in very low numbers in an untreated control area. Organisms belonging to genera known to include U (VI) reducers were detected, including Desulfovibrio, Geobacter, Anaero-myxobacter, Desulfosporosinus, and Acidovorar spp. The predominant sulfate-reducing bacterial species were Desulfovibrio spp., while the iron reducers were represented by Ferribacterium spp. and Geothrix spp. Diversity-based clustering revealed differences between treated and untreated zones and also within samples of the treated area. Spatial differences in community structure within the treatment zone were likely related to the hydraulic pathway and to electron donor metabolism during biostimulation. C1 [Cardenas, Erick; Leigh, Mary Beth; Marsh, Terence L.; Tiedje, James A.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wu, Wei-Min; Luo, Jian; Ginder-Vogel, Matthew; Kitanidis, Peter K.; Criddle, Craig S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Carley, Jack; Carroll, Sue; Gentry, Terry; Watson, David; Gu, Baohua; Jardine, Philip M.; Zhou, Jizhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tiedje, JA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM tiedjej@msu.edu RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Watson, David/C-3256-2016 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136 NR 51 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 6 U2 37 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 12 BP 3718 EP 3729 DI 10.1128/AEM.02308-07 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 315SK UT WOS:000256899700013 PM 18456853 ER PT J AU Xiong, YL Lord, AS AF Xiong, Yongliang Lord, Anna Snider TI Experimental investigations of the reaction path in the MgO-CO(2)-H(2)O system in solutions with various ionic strengths, and their applications to nuclear waste isolation SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FORMATION MECHANISM; RED-SEA; HYDROMAGNESITE; GEOCHEMISTRY; DEPOSITS; TURKEY; NESQUEHONITE; EQUILIBRIUM; METEORITES; CARBONATES AB The reaction path in the MgO-CO(2)-H(2)O system at ambient temperatures and atmospheric CO(2) partial pressure(s), especially in high-ionic-strength brines, is of both geological interest and practical significance. Its practical importance lies mainly in the field of nuclear waste isolation. In the USA, industrial-grade MgO, consisting mainly of the mineral periclase, is the only engineered barrier certified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for emplacement in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) for defense-related transuranic waste. The German Asse repository will employ a Mg(OH)(2)-based engineered barrier consisting mainly of the mineral brucite. Therefore, the reaction of periclase or brucite with carbonated brines with high-ionic-strength is an important process likely to occur in nuclear waste repositories in salt formations where bulk MgO or Mg(OH)(2) will be employed as an engineered barrier. The reaction path in the system MgO-CO(2)-H(2)O in solutions with a wide range of ionic strengths was investigated experimentally in this study. The experimental results at ambient laboratory temperature and ambient laboratory atmospheric CO(2) partial pressure demonstrate that hydromagnesite (5424) (Mg(5)(CO(3))(4)(OH)(2) center dot 4H(2)O) forms during the carbonation of brucite in a series of solutions with different ionic strengths. In Na-Mg-Cl-dominated brines such as Generic Weep Brine (GWB), a synthetic WIPP Salado Formation brine, Mg chloride hydroxide hydrate (Mg(3)(OH)(5)Cl center dot 4H(2)O) also forms in addition to hydromagnesite (5424). The observation of nesquehonite (MgCO(3) center dot H(2)O) and subsequent appearance of hydromagnesite (5424) in the experiments in a Na-Cl-dominated brine (ERDA-6) at room temperature and P(CO2) = 5 x 10(-2) atm allows estimation of the equilibrium constant (log K) for the following reaction: Mg(5)(CO(3))(4)(OH)(2) center dot 4H(2)O + CO(2)(g) + 10H(2)O = 5MgCO(3) center dot 3H(2)O as similar to 2.5 at 25 degrees C. The logK for the above reaction at 5 degrees C is calculated to be similar to 4.0 by using the Van't Hoff equation. By using these equilibrium constants, the co-existence of hydromagnesite (5424) with nesquehonite in various, natural occurrences such as in weathering products of the meteorites from the Antarctic and serpentine-rich mine tailings, can be well explained. Since the stoichiometric ratio of Mg to C is higher in hydromagnesite (5424) than in nesquehonite, this finding could have important implications for the sequestration of anthropogenic CO(2) in mafic and ultramafic rocks, suggesting that the sequestration of anthropogenic CO(2) is optimal in the stability field of nesquehonite. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiong, Yongliang; Lord, Anna Snider] Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad Programs Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Xiong, YL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad Programs Grp, 4100 Natl Pk Highway, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. EM yxiong@sandia.gov NR 58 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1634 EP 1659 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.12.035 PG 26 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 319AL UT WOS:000257134000016 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Berdahl, P Klini, A Fotakis, C Mao, SS AF Zhang, X. Berdahl, P. Klini, A. Fotakis, C. Mao, S. S. TI Transition of crystalline orientation of yttria-stabilized zirconia films grown by pulsed laser deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; O THIN-FILMS; SURFACES; ALLOYS; LAYERS AB We have synthesized 5 wt. %-yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films on stainless steel and glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at substrate temperatures between 60 and 600 degrees C and oxygen pressures from 0.1 to 1000 mTorr. While highly (101)-oriented tetragonal YSZ films are obtained at intermediate oxygen pressures, near complete (001)-oriented tetragonal films are achieved at lower oxygen pressures, with a full width at half maximum X-ray peak of only 0.4 degrees. The results can be attributed to surface energy-induced orientation; that is, the lowest surface energy plane of the YSZ films changes from (101) plane at intermediate pressures to the (001) plane at lower oxygen pressures due to surface relaxation. C1 [Zhang, X.; Berdahl, P.; Mao, S. S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Klini, A.; Fotakis, C.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Mao, S. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mao, SS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ssmao@lbl.gov RI Zhang, Xiaojun/H-8539-2013; Klini, Argiro/A-2423-2014; Fotakis, Costas/G-8751-2011 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 407 EP 410 DI 10.1007/s00339-008-4475-5 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 289YH UT WOS:000255089300010 ER PT J AU Maxwell, JL Black, MR Chavez, CA Maskaly, KR Espinoza, M Boman, M Landstrom, L AF Maxwell, J. L. Black, M. R. Chavez, C. A. Maskaly, K. R. Espinoza, M. Boman, M. Landstrom, L. TI Growth of normally-immiscible materials (NIMs), binary alloys, and metallic fibers by hyperbaric laser chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID CARBON-FIBERS; DROP-TUBE; MICROSTRUCTURES; PHASE; FILMS; CU AB This work demonstrates that two or more elements of negligible solubility (and no known phase diagram) can be co-deposited in fiber form by hyperbaric-pressure laser chemical vapor deposition (HP-LCVD). For the first time, Hg-W alloys were grown as fibers from mixtures of tungsten hexafluoride, mercury vapor, and hydrogen. This new class of materials is termed normally-immiscible materials (NIMs), and includes not only immiscible materials, but also those elemental combinations that have liquid states at exclusive temperatures. This work also demonstrates that a wide variety of other binary and ternary alloys, intermetallics, and mixtures can be grown as fibers, e.g. silicon-tungsten, aluminum-silicon, boron-carbon-silicon, and titanium-carbon-nitride. In addition, pure metallic fibers of aluminum, titanium, and tungsten were deposited, demonstrating that materials of high thermal conductivity can indeed be grown in three-dimensions, provided sufficient vapor pressures are employed. A wide variety of fiber properties and microstructures resulted depending on process conditions; for example, single crystals, fine-grained alloys, and glassy metals could be deposited. C1 [Maxwell, J. L.; Black, M. R.; Chavez, C. A.; Maskaly, K. R.; Espinoza, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, NEMISIS Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Boman, M.; Landstrom, L.] Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Maxwell, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, NEMISIS Team, IAT 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jmaxwell@lanl.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1007/s00339-008-4440-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 289YH UT WOS:000255089300026 ER PT J AU Kellett, MA Kondev, FG Nichols, AL AF Kellett, M. A. Kondev, F. G. Nichols, A. L. TI IAEA coordinated research project: Updated decay data library for actinides SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its Applications (ICRM 2007) CY SEP 03-07, 2007 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, iThemba Lab Accelerator Based Sci DE actinides; decay data; decay schemes; evaluations; Am-242,Am-244; Cm-246 ID HALF-LIVES; RADIOACTIVE DECAY; ALPHA-DECAY; CM-246; INTENSITY; ISOMERS; AM-242; ENERGY AB Recommended nuclear decay data for specific actinides are important in fuel-cycle studies for thermal and fast reactors and inventory studies for safeguards. Therefore, a programme of work was initiated in 2005 to improve the actinide decay data library of the International Atomic Energy Agency through the efforts of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP). The proposed contents of the new database are described, including the agreement to include additional actinides and a significant number of natural decay chain radionuclides. This work is on-going, and is estimated for completion in 2009/10. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kellett, M. A.; Nichols, A. L.] IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, Div Phys & Chem Sci, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nichols, AL (reprint author), IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, Div Phys & Chem Sci, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. EM a.nichols@iaea.org NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 66 IS 6-7 BP 694 EP 700 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.005 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 305UJ UT WOS:000256203000006 PM 18343134 ER PT J AU Inn, KGW Kurosaki, H Frechou, C Gilligan, C Jones, R LaMont, S Leggitt, J Li, C McCroan, K Swatski, R AF Inn, Kenneth G. W. Kurosaki, Hiromu Frechou, Carole Gilligan, Chris Jones, Robert LaMont, Stephen Leggitt, Jeff Li, Chunsheng McCroan, Keith Swatski, Ronald TI A blueprint for radioanalytical metrology CRMs, intercomparisons, and PE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its Applications (ICRM 2007) CY SEP 03-07, 2007 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, iThemba Lab Accelerator Based Sci DE CRMs; emergency response; environmental; intercomparisons; nuclear forensics; performance evaluations; radiobioassay ID PROGRAM AB A workshop was held from 28 February to 2 March 2006 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to evaluate the needs for new directions for complex matrix reference materials certified for radionuclide content, interlaboratory comparisons and performance evaluation (PE) programs. The workshop identified new radioanalytical metrology thrust areas needed for environmental, radiobioassay, emergency consequence management, and nuclear forensics, attribution, nonproliferation, and safeguards. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Inn, Kenneth G. W.; Kurosaki, Hiromu] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Frechou, Carole] CE Saclay, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gilligan, Chris] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [LaMont, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Leggitt, Jeff] Fed Bur Invest Acad, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. [Li, Chunsheng] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada. [McCroan, Keith] US EPA, Montgomery, AL 36115 USA. [Swatski, Ronald] USACHPPM, Dept Army, APG EA, MD 21010 USA. RP Inn, KGW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM kenneth.inn@nist.gov NR 5 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 66 IS 6-7 BP 835 EP 840 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.022 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 305UJ UT WOS:000256203000033 PM 18359232 ER PT J AU Cessna, JT Schultz, MK Leslie, T Bores, N AF Cessna, J. T. Schultz, M. K. Leslie, T. Bores, N. TI Radionuclide calibrator measurements of F-18 in a 3 ml plastic syringe SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its Applications (ICRM 2007) CY SEP 03-07, 2007 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, iThemba Lab Accelerator Based Sci DE F-18; liquid scintillation counting; radionuclide calibrator ID SETTINGS AB This paper discusses the calibration of Capintec radionuclide calibrators for the measurement of F-18 in the pharmacy and clinic. In support of a planned regional comparison, a secondary laboratory was set up at Oak Ridge National Laboratories in Oak Ridge, TN. The laboratory was used to prepare 1 mL F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose sources in 3 mL plastic BD syringes (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA) and to determine dial settings in three models of radionuclide calibrators. Measurements were verified by comparing radionuclide calibrator measurements of a 5 mL ampoule source with previous results. The CIEMAT/NIST method of tritium efficiency tracing was used for activity determinations. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cessna, J. T.; Schultz, M. K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Leslie, T.] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, PETNET Solut, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA. [Bores, N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cessna, JT (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM Jeffrey.cessna@nist.gov NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 66 IS 6-7 BP 988 EP 993 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.046 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 305UJ UT WOS:000256203000063 PM 18375134 ER PT J AU Bielicki, JK Zhang, H Azhar, R Johansson, J Azhar, S AF Bielicki, John K. Zhang, Haiyan Azhar, Rakia Johansson, Jan Azhar, Salman TI A novel synthetic alpha-helix peptide that stimulates ABCA1 cholesterol efflux with high efficiency greatly reduces established atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic apolipoproteinE null mice SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology CY APR 16-18, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Bielicki, John K.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Zhang, Haiyan; Azhar, Rakia; Azhar, Salman] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Johansson, Jan] Artery Therapeut, Danville, CA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 MA P326 BP E92 EP E93 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 303PS UT WOS:000256053400338 ER PT J AU Roth, K McKenney, K Brodrick, J AF Roth, Kurt McKenney, Kurtis Brodrick, James TI Small devices, big loads SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Roth, Kurt; McKenney, Kurtis] TIAX LLC, Cambridge, MA USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Roth, K (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 50 IS 6 BP 64 EP 65 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 310MV UT WOS:000256534600015 ER PT J AU Marais, DJD Borg, LE Beaty, DW AF Marais, David J. Des Borg, Lars E. Beaty, David W. TI Science priorities for Mars Sample Return SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MARTIAN METEORITE ALH84001; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; GUSEV CRATER; DIFFERENTIATION HISTORY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; IONIZING-RADIATION; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; SPECTRAL EVIDENCE; SNC METEORITES; MINERALOGY C1 [Marais, David J. Des] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Borg, Lars E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Beaty, David W.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Marais, DJD (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop 239-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM David.J.DesMarais@nasa.gov; borg5@llnl.gov; David.Beaty@jpl.nasa.gov RI Eigenbrode, Jennifer/D-4651-2012; OI Grady, Monica/0000-0002-4055-533X NR 172 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 EI 1557-8070 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 3 BP 489 EP 535 PG 47 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA 336SO UT WOS:000258385100001 ER PT J AU Pfiffner, SM Onstott, TC Ruskeeniemi, T Talikka, M Bakermans, C McGown, D Chan, E Johnson, A Phelps, TJ Le Puil, M Difurio, SA Pratt, LM Stotler, R Frape, S Telling, J Lollar, BS Neill, I Zerbin, B AF Pfiffner, S. M. Onstott, T. C. Ruskeeniemi, T. Talikka, M. Bakermans, C. McGown, D. Chan, E. Johnson, A. Phelps, T. J. Le Puil, M. Difurio, S. A. Pratt, L. M. Stotler, R. Frape, S. Telling, J. Lollar, B. Sherwood Neill, I. Zerbin, B. TI Challenges for coring deep permafrost on Earth and Mars SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Geophys Union DE Mars; deep subsurface biosphere; planetary protection; planetary instrumentation; microbial ecology ID SUBSURFACE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY-ACIDS; PERFLUOROCARBON TRACERS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEDIMENTS; BIOMASS; MICROORGANISMS; AQUIFER; SAMPLES; BASIN AB A scientific drilling expedition to the High Lake region of Nunavut, Canada, was recently completed with the goals of collecting samples and delineating gradients in salinity, gas composition, pH, pe, and microbial abundance in a 400 m thick permafrost zone and accessing the underlying pristine subpermafrost brine. With a triple-barrel wireline tool and the use of stringent quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) protocols, 200 m of frozen, Archean, mafic volcanic rock was collected from the lower boundary that separates the permafrost layer and subpermafrost saline water. Hot water was used to remove cuttings and prevent the drill rods from freezing in place. No cryopegs were detected during penetration through the permafrost. Coring stopped at the 535 m depth, and the drill water was bailed from the hole while saline water replaced it. Within 24 hours, the borehole iced closed at 125 m depth due to vapor condensation from atmospheric moisture and, initially, warm water leaking through the casing, which blocked further access. Preliminary data suggest that the recovered cores contain viable anaerobic microorganisms that are not contaminants even though isotopic analyses of the saline borehole water suggests that it is a residue of the drilling brine used to remove the ice from the upper, older portion of the borehole. Any proposed coring mission to Mars that seeks to access subpermafrost brine will not only require borehole stability but also a means by which to generate substantial heating along the borehole string to prevent closure of the borehole from condensation of water vapor generated by drilling. C1 [Pfiffner, S. M.; Le Puil, M.; Difurio, S. A.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. [Onstott, T. C.; McGown, D.; Chan, E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Ruskeeniemi, T.; Talikka, M.] Geol Survey Finland GTK, Espoo, Finland. [Bakermans, C.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Johnson, A.; Pratt, L. M.] Indiana Univ, NASA Astrobiol Inst, IPTAI, Bloomington, IN USA. [Phelps, T. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Frape, S.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Telling, J.; Lollar, B. Sherwood] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Neill, I.] Wolfden Resources Inc, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. [Zerbin, B.] Major Drilling Grp Int Inc, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Pfiffner, SM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, 10515 Res Dr,Suite 300, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM pfiffner@utk.edu RI phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011; Stotler, Randy/C-9782-2011; Telling, Jon/M-7643-2013; OI Stotler, Randy/0000-0001-9893-9259; Telling, Jon/0000-0002-8180-0979 NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 3 BP 623 EP 638 DI 10.1089/ast.2007.0159 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA 336SO UT WOS:000258385100011 PM 18680412 ER PT J AU Elphic, RC Chu, P Hahn, S James, MR Lawrence, DJ Prettyman, TH Johnson, JB Podgorney, RK AF Elphic, R. C. Chu, P. Hahn, S. James, M. R. Lawrence, D. J. Prettyman, T. H. Johnson, J. B. Podgorney, R. K. TI Surface and downhole prospecting tools for planetary exploration: Tests of neutron and gamma ray probes SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Geophys Union DE neutron; gamma ray; prospecting; water; hydrogen; habitat ID LUNAR SOUTH-POLE; MARS ODYSSEY; ICE DEPOSITS; NEAR-SURFACE; GROUND ICE; WATER ICE; HYDROGEN; SPECTROMETER; MISSION; PAYLOAD AB The ability to locate and characterize icy deposits and other hydrogenous materials on the Moon and Mars will help us understand the distribution of water and, therefore, possible habitats at Mars, and may help us locate primitive prebiotic compounds at the Moon's poles. We have developed a rover-borne neutron probe that localizes a near-surface icy deposit and provides information about its burial depth and abundance. We have also developed a borehole neutron probe to determine the stratigraphy of hydrogenous subsurface layers while operating within a drill string segment. In our field tests, we have used a neutron source to "illuminate" surrounding materials and gauge the instruments' efficacy, and we can simulate accurately the observed instrument responses using a Monte Carlo nuclear transport code (MCNPX). An active neutron source would not be needed for lunar or martian near-surface exploration: cosmic-ray interactions provide sufficient neutron flux to depths of several meters and yield better depth and abundance sensitivity than an active source. However, for deep drilling (>= 10 m depth), a source is required. We also present initial tests of a borehole gamma ray lithodensity tool and demonstrate its utility in determining soil or rock densities and composition. C1 [Elphic, R. C.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Planetary Syst Branch, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Chu, P.] Honeybee Robot Spacecraft Mech Corp, Houston, TX USA. [Hahn, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Instrumentat & Syst Engn Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [James, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Design & Risk Anal, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lawrence, D. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Dept Space, Planetary Explorat Grp, Laurel, MD USA. [Prettyman, T. H.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Johnson, J. B.] USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC Cold Reg & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AR USA. [Podgorney, R. K.] Idaho Natl Lab, Modeling & Measurement Dept, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Elphic, RC (reprint author), NASA Ames Res Ctr, Planetary Syst Branch, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Mail Stop 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM richard.c.elphic@nasa.gov RI Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015; OI Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667; Prettyman, Thomas/0000-0003-0072-2831 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 3 BP 639 EP U15 DI 10.1089/ast.2007.0163 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA 336SO UT WOS:000258385100012 PM 18554085 ER PT J AU Anderson, SF Becker, AC Haggard, D Prieto, JL Knapp, GR Sako, M Halford, KE Jha, S Martin, B Holtzman, J Frieman, JA Garnavich, PM Hayward, S Ivezic, Z Mukadam, AS Sesar, B Szkody, P Malanushenko, V Richmond, MW Schneider, DP York, DG AF Anderson, Scott F. Becker, Andrew C. Haggard, Daryl Prieto, Jose Luis Knapp, Gillian R. Sako, Masao Halford, Kelly E. Jha, Saurabh Martin, Blake Holtzman, Jon Frieman, Joshua A. Garnavich, Peter M. Hayward, Suzanne Ivezic, Zeljko Mukadam, Anjum S. Sesar, Branimir Szkody, Paula Malanushenko, Viktor Richmond, Michael W. Schneider, Donald P. York, Donald G. TI Two more candidate am Canum Venaticorum (AM CVn) binaries from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries : close; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars : individual (SDSS J120841.96+355025.2, SDSS J204739.40+000840.3); white dwarfs ID CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; SYSTEM; PERIOD; STARS AB AM CVn systems are a select group of ultracompact binaries with the shortest orbital periods of any known binary subclass; mass transfer is likely from a low-mass (partially-) degenerate secondary onto a white dwarf primary, driven by gravitational radiation. In the past few years, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has provided five new AM CVns. Here we report on two further candidates selected from more recent SDSS data. SDSS J1208+3550 is similar to the earlier SDSS discoveries, recognized as an AM CVn via its distinctive spectrum which is dominated by helium emission. From the expanded SDSS Data Release 6 (DR6) spectroscopic area, we provide an updated surface density estimate for such AM CVns of order 10(-3.1)-10(-2.5) deg(-2) for 15 < g < 20.5. In addition, we present another new candidate AM CVn, SDSS J2047+0008, which was discovered in the course of follow-up of SDSS-II supernova candidates. It shows nova-like outbursts in multi-epoch imaging data; in contrast to the other SDSS AM CVn discoveries, its (outburst) spectrum is dominated by helium absorption lines, reminiscent of KL Dra, and 2003aw. The variability selection of SDSS J2047+0008 from the 300 deg(2) of SDSS Stripe 82 presages further AM CVn discoveries in future deep, multicolor, and time-domain surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). The new additions bring the total SDSS yield to seven AM CVns thus far, a substantial contribution to this rare subclass, versus the dozen previously known. C1 [Anderson, Scott F.; Becker, Andrew C.; Haggard, Daryl; Hayward, Suzanne; Ivezic, Zeljko; Mukadam, Anjum S.; Sesar, Branimir; Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Prieto, Jose Luis] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Knapp, Gillian R.; Halford, Kelly E.; Martin, Blake] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sako, Masao] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Halford, Kelly E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Jha, Saurabh] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Holtzman, Jon] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, MSC 4500, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Garnavich, Peter M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Malanushenko, Viktor] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Richmond, Michael W.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Anderson, SF (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM anderson@astro.washington.edu NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 135 IS 6 BP 2108 EP 2113 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/135/6/2108 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 309IK UT WOS:000256453700013 ER PT J AU Linder, EV AF Linder, Eric V. TI Redshift distortions as a probe of gravity SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmology; dark energy ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; SPACE; DENSITY AB Redshift distortion measurements from galaxy surveys include sensitivity to the gravitational growth index distinguishing other theories from Einstein gravity. This gravitational sensitivity is substantially free from uncertainty in the effective equation of state of the cosmic expansion history. We estimate the future sensitivity and complementarity of this technique exploring the growth history of the universe. We also illustrate the bias in the traditional application to matter density determination using f = Omega(m)(a)(0.6), and how to avoid it. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM evlinder@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 5 BP 336 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2008.03.002 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321JB UT WOS:000257299600004 ER PT J AU Whalen, D O'Shea, BW Smidt, J Norman, ML AF Whalen, Daniel O'Shea, Brian W. Smidt, Joseph Norman, Michael L. TI How the first stars regulated local star formation. I. Radiative feedback SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; early universe; HII regions ID PRIMORDIAL HII-REGIONS; POPULATION-III-STARS; IONIZATION FRONTS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CDM UNIVERSE; PHOTODISSOCIATION; PHOTOEVAPORATION; REIONIZATION; GAS AB We present numerical simulations of how a 120 M circle dot primordial star regulates star formation in nearby cosmological halos at z 20 by photoevaporation. Our models include nine-species primordial chemistry and self-consistent multi-frequency conservative transfer of UV photons with all relevant radiative processes. Whether or not new stars form in halos clustered around a Population III star ultimately depends on their core densities and proximity to the star. Diffuse halos with central densities below 2-3 cm(-3) are completely ionized and evaporated anywhere in the cluster. Evolved halos with core densities above 2000 cm(-3) are impervious to both ionizing and Lyman-Werner flux at most distances from the star and collapse as quickly as they would in its absence. Star formation in halos of intermediate density can be either promoted or suppressed depending on how the ionization front (I-front) remnant shock compresses, deforms, and enriches the core with H(2). We find that the 120 M circle dot star photodissociates H(2) in most halos in the cluster, but that catalysis by H(-) restores it a few hundred kiloyears after the death of the star, with little effect on star formation. Our models exhibit significant departures from previous one-dimensional, spherically symmetric simulations, which are prone to serious errors due to unphysical geometric focusing effects. C1 [Whalen, Daniel; O'Shea, Brian W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Smidt, Joseph] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Norman, Michael L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Whalen, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dwhalen@lanl.gov NR 44 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP 925 EP 941 DI 10.1086/587731 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 307JP UT WOS:000256315500001 ER PT J AU Tang, XZ AF Tang, X. Z. TI Self-organization of radio lobe magnetic fields by driven relaxation SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE galaxies : active; galaxies : magnetic fields; MHD ID COAXIAL HELICITY INJECTION; DYNAMO-GENERATED TURBULENCE; FARADAY-ROTATION MAPS; X-RAY; STEADY-STATE; MULTIFREQUENCY RADIO; POWER SPECTRA; FORNAX-A; PLASMA; ENERGY AB In active galaxies, minimum energy estimates based on the observed radio emission suggest that 10% or more of the total gravitational energy released by the collapse of a supermassive black hole is deposited into lobe-scale magnetic fields and relativistic particles, roughly in equipartition. It is proposed here that the underlying physical process inside the lobe is magnetic self-organization by driven relaxation, rather than a traditional magnetohydrodynamic dynamo. There are two forms of magnetic self-organization. The extreme form of Taylor relaxation is similar to a driven harmonic oscillator, in which a resonance in spatial frequency constrains the input magnetic energy and helicity to the lowest order relaxation mode, commonly known as a spheromak in laboratory plasmas. The general form of magnetic self-organization takes into account the intrinsic nonlinearity of a driven plasma, which can access relaxed states beyond the spheromak resonance. This is a particularly useful physics description for radio lobe plasmas, which are likely overdriven. The degrees of self-organization can be quantified by a spectral energy analysis over the spatial distribution of the magnetic field. The preferred self-organized states can be characterized by a principal component analysis using a projection onto the fundamental relaxation modes that are unique to a given radio lobe morphology. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tang, XZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM xtang@lanl.gov NR 101 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP 1000 EP 1017 DI 10.1086/586697 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 307JP UT WOS:000256315500007 ER PT J AU Funk, S Reimer, O Torres, DF Hinton, JA AF Funk, S. Reimer, O. Torres, D. F. Hinton, J. A. TI The GeV-TeV connection in galactic gamma-ray sources SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy : general; gamma rays : observations; supernova remnants ID UNIDENTIFIED EGRET SOURCES; REMNANT RX J1713.7-3946; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; PULSAR WIND NEBULA; SOURCE 2CG 135+01; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; CRAB-NEBULA; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; MAGIC TELESCOPE; CASSIOPEIA-A AB Recent observations with atmospheric Cerenkov telescope systems such as H. E. S. S. and MAGIC have revealed a large number of new sources of very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays from 100 GeV to 100 TeV, mostly concentrated along the Galactic plane. At lower energies (100MeVto 10 GeV) the satellite-based instrument EGRET revealed a population of sources clustering along the Galactic plane. Given their adjacent energy bands, a systematic correlation study between the two source catalogs seems appropriate. Here, the populations of Galactic sources in both energy domains are characterized on observational as well as on phenomenological grounds. Surprisingly few common sources are found in terms of positional coincidence and spectral consistency. These common sources and their potential counterparts and emission mechanisms are discussed in detail. In cases of detection in only one energy band, for the first time consistent upper limits in the other energy band have been derived. The EGRET upper limits are rather unconstraining due to the sensitivity mismatch to current VHE instruments. The VHE upper limits put strong constraints on simple power-law extrapolation of several of the EGRET spectra and thus strongly suggest cutoffs in the unexplored energy range from 10 to 100 GeV. Physical reasons for the existence of cutoffs and for differences in the source population at GeV and TeV energies are discussed. Finally, predictions are derived for common GeV-TeV sources for the upcoming GLAST mission, bridging for the first time the energy gap between current GeV and TeV instruments. C1 [Funk, S.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Reimer, O.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Reimer, O.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Hinton, J. A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Torres, D. F.] Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencies Espai Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain. RP Funk, S (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM funk@slac.stanford.edu; olr@stanford.edu; dtorres@aliga.ieec.uab.es; jah@ast.leeds.ac.uk RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 70 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP 1299 EP 1314 DI 10.1086/587129 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 307JP UT WOS:000256315500026 ER PT J AU Rosswog, S Ramirez-Ruiz, E Hix, WR AF Rosswog, Stephan Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico Hix, William R. TI Atypical thermonuclear supernovae from tidally crushed white dwarfs SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; globular clusters : general; supernovae : general; white dwarfs ID MASS BLACK-HOLE; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER G1; IA SUPERNOVAE; STAR-CLUSTERS; GALAXIES; SYSTEMS; DISRUPTION; BINARIES; EQUATION AB Suggestive evidence has accumulated that intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) exist in some globular clusters. As stars diffuse in the cluster, some will inevitable wander sufficiently close to the hole that they suffer tidal disruption. An attractive feature of the IMBH hypothesis is its potential to disrupt not only solar-type stars but also compact white dwarf stars. Attention is given to the fate of white dwarfs that approach the hole close enough to be disrupted and compressed to such an extent that explosive nuclear burning may be triggered. Precise modeling of the dynamics of the encounter, coupled with a nuclear network, allow for a realistic determination of the explosive energy release, and it is argued that ignition is a natural outcome for white dwarfs of all varieties passing well within the tidal radius. Although event rates are estimated to be significantly less than the rate of normal Type Ia supernovae, such encounters may be frequent enough in globular clusters harboring an IMBH to warrant a search for this new class of supernova. C1 [Rosswog, Stephan] Jacobs Univ Bremen, Sch Sci & Engn, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. [Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Hix, William R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rosswog, S (reprint author), Jacobs Univ Bremen, Sch Sci & Engn, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. EM s.rosswog@jacobs-university.de; enrico@ucolick.org; raph@phy.ornl.gov RI Hix, William/E-7896-2011 OI Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126 NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP 1385 EP 1389 DI 10.1086/528738 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 307JP UT WOS:000256315500032 ER PT J AU Acciari, VA Beilicke, M Blaylock, G Bradbury, SM Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Butt, Y Byrum, KL Celik, O Cesarini, A Ciupik, L Chow, YCK Cogan, P Colin, P Cui, W Daniel, MK Duke, C Ergin, T Falcone, AD Fegan, SJ Finley, JP Fortin, P Fortson, LF Gall, D Gibbs, K Gillanders, GH Grube, J Guenette, R Hanna, D Hays, E Holder, J Horan, D Hughes, SB Hui, CM Humensky, TB Kaaret, P Kieda, DB Kildea, J Konopelko, A Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lang, MJ LeBohec, S Lee, K Maier, G McCann, A McCutcheon, M Millis, J Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nagai, T Ong, RA Pandel, D Perkins, JS Pizlo, F Pohl, M Quinn, J Ragan, K Reynolds, PT Rose, HJ Schroedter, M Sembroski, GH Smith, AW Steele, D Swordy, SP Toner, JA Valcarcel, L Vassiliev, VV Wagner, R Wakely, SP Ward, JE Weekes, TC Weinstein, A White, RJ Williams, DA Wissel, SA Wood, M Zitzer, B AF Acciari, V. A. Beilicke, M. Blaylock, G. Bradbury, S. M. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Butt, Y. Byrum, K. L. Celik, O. Cesarini, A. Ciupik, L. Chow, Y. C. K. Cogan, P. Colin, P. Cui, W. Daniel, M. K. Duke, C. Ergin, T. Falcone, A. D. Fegan, S. J. Finley, J. P. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. F. Gall, D. Gibbs, K. Gillanders, G. H. Grube, J. Guenette, R. Hanna, D. Hays, E. Holder, J. Horan, D. Hughes, S. B. Hui, C. M. Humensky, T. B. Kaaret, P. Kieda, D. B. Kildea, J. Konopelko, A. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. LeBohec, S. Lee, K. Maier, G. McCann, A. McCutcheon, M. Millis, J. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nagai, T. Ong, R. A. Pandel, D. Perkins, J. S. Pizlo, F. Pohl, M. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Reynolds, P. T. Rose, H. J. Schroedter, M. Sembroski, G. H. Smith, A. W. Steele, D. Swordy, S. P. Toner, J. A. Valcarcel, L. Vassiliev, V. V. Wagner, R. Wakely, S. P. Ward, J. E. Weekes, T. C. Weinstein, A. White, R. J. Williams, D. A. Wissel, S. A. Wood, M. Zitzer, B. TI Veritas observations of the gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; binaries : general; gamma rays : observations; stars : individual (LS I+61 303) ID LS-I +61-DEGREES-303; MICROQUASAR LS-I+61-303; LSI+61-DEGREES-303; DISCOVERY; EMISSION; MODEL; MODULATION; ASTRONOMY; SPECTRUM; CATALOG AB LS I +61 303 is one of only a few high-mass X-ray binaries currently detected at high significance in very high energy gamma-rays. The system was observed over several orbital cycles ( between 2006 September and 2007 February) with the VERITAS array of imaging air Cerenkov telescopes. A signal of gamma-rays with energies above 300 GeV is found with a statistical significance of 8.4 standard deviations. The detected flux is measured to be strongly variable; the maximum flux is found during most orbital cycles at apastron. The energy spectrum for the period of maximum emission can be characterized by a power law with a photon index of Gamma = 2.40 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.2(sys) and a flux above 300 GeV corresponding to 15% - 20% of the flux from the Crab Nebula. C1 [Acciari, V. A.; Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland. [Acciari, V. A.; Cesarini, A.; Gibbs, K.; Hays, E.; Kildea, J.; Perkins, J. S.; Smith, A. W.; Toner, J. A.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Hughes, S. B.; Krawczynski, H.; Lee, K.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Blaylock, G.; Ergin, T.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Bradbury, S. M.; Daniel, M. K.; Grube, J.; Rose, H. J.; Smith, A. W.; White, R. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Butt, Y.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Byrum, K. L.; Hays, E.; Horan, D.; Wagner, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Celik, O.; Chow, Y. C. K.; Fegan, S. J.; Ong, R. A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Weinstein, A.; Wood, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Cesarini, A.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Toner, J. A.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Dept Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Ciupik, L.; Fortson, L. F.; Steele, D.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Swordy, S. P.; Wakely, S. P.; Wissel, S. A.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Colin, P.; Hui, C. M.; Kieda, D. B.; LeBohec, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Cui, W.; Finley, J. P.; Gall, D.; Konopelko, A.; Millis, J.; Pizlo, F.; Sembroski, G. H.; Zitzer, B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Duke, C.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Falcone, A. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fortin, P.; Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Cogan, P.; Guenette, R.; Hanna, D.; Maier, G.; McCann, A.; McCutcheon, M.; Ragan, K.; Valcarcel, L.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kaaret, P.; Pandel, D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Krennrich, F.; Nagai, T.; Pohl, M.; Schroedter, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Quinn, J.; Ward, J. E.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland. [Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Acciari, VA (reprint author), Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland. EM gernot.maier@mcgill.ca RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Daniel, Michael/A-2903-2010; OI Daniel, Michael/0000-0002-8053-7910; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Ward, John E/0000-0003-1973-0794 NR 47 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP 1427 EP 1432 DI 10.1086/587736 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 307JP UT WOS:000256315500037 ER PT J AU Caprioli, D Blasi, P Amato, E Vietri, M AF Caprioli, D. Blasi, P. Amato, E. Vietri, M. TI Dynamical effects of self-generated magnetic fields in cosmic-ray-modified shocks SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; magnetic fields; shock waves ID PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; AMPLIFICATION; WAVES; ENERGY AB Recent observations of greatly amplified magnetic fields (delta B/B similar to 100) around supernova shocks are consistent with the predictions of the nonlinear theory of particle acceleration (NLT), if the field is generated upstream of the shock by cosmic-ray-induced streaming instability. The high acceleration efficiencies and large shock modifications predicted by NLT need however to be mitigated to confront observations, and this is usually assumed to be accomplished by some form of turbulent heating. We show here that magnetic fields with the strength inferred from observations have an important dynamical role on the shock, and imply a shock modification substantially reduced with respect to the naive unmagnetized case. The effect appears as soon as the pressure in the turbulent magnetic field becomes comparable with the pressure of the thermal gas. The relative importance of this unavoidable effect and of the poorly known turbulent heating is assessed. More specifically we conclude that even in the cases in which turbulent heating may be of some importance, the dynamical reaction of the field cannot be neglected, as is usually done in most current calculations. C1 [Caprioli, D.; Vietri, M.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Blasi, P.; Amato, E.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Florence, Italy. [Blasi, P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL USA. RP Caprioli, D (reprint author), Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. RI Blasi, Pasquale/O-9345-2015; Amato, Elena/P-2938-2015; Caprioli, Damiano/I-6582-2012 OI Blasi, Pasquale/0000-0003-2480-599X; Amato, Elena/0000-0002-9881-8112; Caprioli, Damiano/0000-0003-0939-8775 NR 20 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP L139 EP L142 DI 10.1086/589505 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 313DU UT WOS:000256722100020 ER PT J AU Surman, R McLaughlin, GC Ruffert, M Janka, HT Hix, WR AF Surman, R. McLaughlin, G. C. Ruffert, M. Janka, H. -Th. Hix, W. R. TI r-process nucleosynthesis in hot accretion disk flows from black hole-neutron star mergers SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE neutrinos; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars : neutron ID PHYSICAL MODELS; SUPERNOVA; OUTFLOWS; STEP AB We consider hot accretion disk outflows from black hole-neutron star mergers in the context of the nucleosynthesis they produce. We begin with a three-dimensional numerical model of a black hole-neutron star merger and calculate the neutrino and antineutrino fluxes emitted from the resulting accretion disk. We then follow the element synthesis in material outflowing the disk along parameterized trajectories. We find that at least a weak r-process is produced, and in some cases a main r-process as well. The neutron-rich conditions required for this production of r-process nuclei stem directly from the interactions of the neutrinos emitted by the disk with the free neutrons and protons in the outflow. C1 [Surman, R.; McLaughlin, G. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Surman, R.] Union Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Ruffert, M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Mat, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Janka, H. -Th.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Hix, W. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Surman, R (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Hix, William/E-7896-2011 OI Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126 NR 18 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 679 IS 2 BP L117 EP L120 DI 10.1086/589507 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 313DU UT WOS:000256722100015 ER PT J AU Wang, P Abel, T Zhang, WQ AF Wang, Peng Abel, Tom Zhang, Weiqun TI Relativistic hydrodynamic flows using spatial and temporal adaptive structured mesh refinement SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; relativity ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; PIECEWISE PARABOLIC METHOD; CONSERVATIVE DIFFERENCE SCHEME; EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; RIEMANN PROBLEM; EQUATIONS; JETS; LAWS AB Astrophysical relativistic flow problems require high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations. In this paper, we describe a new parallel 3D code for simulations of special relativistic hydrodynamics (SRHD) using both spatially and temporally structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). We used the method of lines to discretize the SRHD equations spatially and a total variation diminishing (TVD) Runge-Kutta scheme for time integration. For spatial reconstruction, we have implemented piecewise linear method (PLM), piecewise parabolic method (PPM), third-order convex essentially nonoscillatory (CENO) and third- and fifth-order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes. Flux is computed using either direct flux reconstruction or approximate Riemann solvers including HLL, modified Marquina flux, local Lax-Friedrichs flux formulas, and HLLC. The AMR part of the code is built on top of the cosmological Eulerian AMR code enzo. We discuss the coupling of the AMR framework with the relativistic solvers. Via various test problems, we emphasize the importance of resolution studies in relativistic flow simulations because extremely high resolution is required especially when shear flows are present in the problem. We also present the results of two 3D simulations of astrophysical jets: AGN jets and GRB jets. Resolution study of those two cases further highlights the need of high resolutions to calculate accurately relativistic flow problems. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Phys Dept, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM pengwang@stanford.edu; tabel@stanford.edu; wqzhang@slac.stanford.edu NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 176 IS 2 BP 467 EP 483 DI 10.1086/529434 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 326PU UT WOS:000257672200009 ER PT J AU Su, YS Hung, HL Blanchard, P Patton, GW Kallenborn, R Konoplev, A Fellin, P Li, H Geen, C Stern, G Rosenberg, B Barrie, LA AF Su, Yushan Hung, Hayley Blanchard, Plerrette Patton, Gregory W. Kallenborn, Roland Konoplev, Alexel Fellin, Phil Li, Henrik Geen, Charles Stern, Gary Rosenberg, Bruno Barrie, Leonard A. TI A circumpolar perspective of atmospheric organochlorine pesticides (OCPs): Results from six Arctic monitoring stations in 2000-2003 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE organochlorine pesticides; circumpolar atmosphere; seasonal; spatial ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; CHEMICAL PROPERTY DATA; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; AMBIENT AIR; TEMPORAL TRENDS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOHALOGEN PESTICIDES; TECHNICAL CHLORDANE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Air concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured on a weekly basis in 2000-2003 at six Arctic stations, which include Alert, Kinngait, and Little Fox Lake in Canada; Point Barrow in the USA; Valkarkai in Russia; and Zeppelin in Norway. These stations cover a large region in the Arctic, providing a comprehensive perspective on OCPs in the circumpolar atmosphere. Currently used pesticide endosulfan I had similar concentrations across the stations in November-May, whereas large spatial divergence was found in June-October. This implies the extensive usage of endosulfan during summertime followed by long-range transport to the Arctic. The median air concentration of endosulfan I was 3.2 pg m(-3) (n = 245). Seasonally and spatially uniform concentrations of legacy chlordane-related compounds indicated that the influence of primary emissions on Arctic air has become less important than volatilization emissions. Median air concentrations (pg m(-3)) of trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, and heptachlor exo-epoxide were 0.20 (n = 413), 0.58 (n = 413), 0.44 (n = 413), 0.30 (n = 245), and 0.54 (n = 244), respectively. Although extensive usage was banned in the 1970s, large spatial variations reflected that DDT-related compounds were not well mixed in Arctic air. Concentrations of DDT-related compounds were low in general, and median concentrations of p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDE, and Sigma 4DDT were 0.10, 0.18, 0.37, 0.10, and 0.79 pg m(-3) (n = 418), respectively. Air concentrations of pentachloroanisole and dieldrin showed strong seasonal/spatial variations with median values of 3.8 and 0.48 pg m(-3) (n = 245). Uniform concentrations were observed for octachlorostyrene with a median of 0.32 pg m(-3) (n = 245). Arctic air concentrations of other measured OCPs, such as endrin, heptachlor, methoxychlor, mirex, photomirex, tetrachloroveratrole, trichloroveratrol, and trifluralin, were generally low and mostly below method detection limits. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Yushan; Hung, Hayley; Blanchard, Plerrette] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Patton, Gregory W.] Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kallenborn, Roland] Norwegian Inst Air Res NILU, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway. [Konoplev, Alexel] SPA Typhoon, Ctr Environm Chem, Obninsk 249038, Russia. [Fellin, Phil; Li, Henrik; Geen, Charles] Airzone One Ltd, Mississauga, ON L4Z 1X1, Canada. [Stern, Gary; Rosenberg, Bruno] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Freshwater, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. [Barrie, Leonard A.] World Meteorol Org, Atmospher Res & Environm Programme, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland. RP Su, YS (reprint author), Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, 4905 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. EM yushan.su@ec.gc.ca RI Kallenborn, Roland/F-8368-2011; Konoplev, Alexei/E-7281-2016 OI Kallenborn, Roland/0000-0003-1703-2538; Konoplev, Alexei/0000-0002-9930-8739 NR 56 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 19 BP 4682 EP 4698 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.054 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 330LZ UT WOS:000257944400020 ER PT J AU Wingenter, OW Elliot, SM Blake, DR AF Wingenter, Oliver W. Elliot, Scott M. Blake, Donald R. TI Authors response to the above comment by M. Vogt et al. on "New Directions: Enhancing the natural cycle to slow global warming"* SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Letter ID ACE 1; SULFUR C1 [Wingenter, Oliver W.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Wingenter, Oliver W.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Geophys Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Elliot, Scott M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean Sea Ice Modeling Project, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Blake, Donald R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Wingenter, OW (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM oliver@nmt.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 19 BP 4806 EP 4809 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.003 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 330LZ UT WOS:000257944400032 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Ezell, MJ Zelenyuk, A Imre, D Alexander, L Ortega, J D'Anna, B Harmon, CW Johnson, SN Finlayson-Pitts, BJ AF Yu, Yong Ezell, Michael J. Zelenyuk, Alla Imre, Dan Alexander, Liz Ortega, John D'Anna, Barbara Harmon, Chris W. Johnson, Stanley N. Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J. TI Photooxidation of alpha-pinene at high relative humidity in the presence of increasing concentrations of NOx SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE alpha-pinene; NOx; photooxidation; nitrates; SOA ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; OH RADICAL FORMATION; SPECTROMETRY PTR-MS; REACTION-MASS-SPECTROMETER; OZONE-INITIATED OXIDATION; BETA-PINENE; BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS; PARTICULATE PRODUCTS; PARTICLE FORMATION AB The photooxidation of similar to 1 ppm a-pinene in the presence of increasing concentrations of NO2 was studied in a Teflone chamber at 72-88% relative humidity and 296-304K. The loss of alpha-pinene and formation of gas-phase products were followed using proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). Gas-phase reaction products (and their yields) include formaldehyde (5 +/- 1 %), formic acid (2.5 +/- 1.4%), methanol (0.6 +/- 0.3 %), acetaldehyde (3.9 +/- 1.7%), acetic acid (8.6 +/- 1.9%), acetone (12 +/- 3%), pinonaldchyde (22 +/- 6 %), and pinene oxide (0.9 +/- 0.1 %), There was evidence of organic nitrates;, and small peaks were tentatively assigned to norpinonaldehyde, 4-oxopinonaldehyde, propanedial, 2,3-dioxobutanal and 3,5,6-trioxoheptanal or 3-hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylethanone. The formation and growth of new particles were followed using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), and their chemical composition and density probed using single particle mass spectrometry (SPLAT II). SPLAT II showed that the suspended SOA consisted of a complex mixture of organic nitrates and oxygenates having a density of 1.21 +/- 0.02 g cm(-3), 20% larger than often assumed in calculating SOA yields. Three-wavelength light scattering measurements were consistent with particles having a refractive index characteristic of organic compounds, but the data could not be well matched at all three wavelengths with a single refractive index. The effect of addition of cyclohexane or NO on particle formation showed that ozonolysis was the major mechanism of SOA formation in this system. However, unlike simple ozonolysis, organic nitrates are formed in both the gas and particle phases. Identifying and measuring specific organic nitrates in both the gas and particle phases in air may help to elucidate why SOA formation has been reported in field studies to be associated with polluted urban areas, yet the carbon in these particles is largely contemporary, i.e., non-fossil fuel carbon. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Yong; Ezell, Michael J.; Harmon, Chris W.; Johnson, Stanley N.; Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Zelenyuk, Alla; Alexander, Liz; Ortega, John] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Imre, Dan] Imre Consulting, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [D'Anna, Barbara] Univ Lyon, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69629 Villeurbanne, France. RP Finlayson-Pitts, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM bjfinlay@uci.edu RI Yu, Yong/G-6445-2010 NR 121 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 4 U2 68 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 20 BP 5044 EP 5060 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.02.026 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 328FL UT WOS:000257783700017 ER PT J AU Puzon, GJ Huang, Y Dohnalkova, A Xun, L AF Puzon, Geoffrey J. Huang, Yan Dohnalkova, Alice Xun, Luying TI Isolation and characterization of an NAD(+)-degrading bacterium PTX1 and its role in chromium biogeochemical cycle SO BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE NAD(+); chromium; organo-Cr(III) complex; biodegradation ID HEXAVALENT-CHROMIUM; CHROMATE REDUCTION; SP STRAIN; TOXICITY; CR(III); CR(VI); SOILS; CYTOCHROME; SPECIATION; OXIDATION AB Microorganisms can reduce toxic chromate to less toxic trivalent chromium [Cr(III)]. Besides Cr(OH)(3) precipitates, some soluble organo-Cr(III) complexes are readily formed upon microbial, enzymatic, and chemical reduction of chromate. However, the biotransformation of the organo-Cr(III) complexes has not been characterized. We have previously reported the formation of a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))-Cr(III) complex after enzymatic reduction of chromate. Although the NAD(+)-Cr(III) complex was stable under sterile conditions, microbial cells were identified as precipitates in a non-sterile NAD(+)-Cr(III) solution after extended incubation. The most dominant bacterium PTX1 was isolated and assigned to Leifsonia genus by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. PTX1 grew slowly on NAD(+) with a doubling time of 17 h, and even more slowly on the NAD(+)-Cr(III) complex with an estimated doubling time of 35 days. The slow growth suggests that PTX1 passively grew on trace NAD(+) dissociated from the NAD(+)-Cr(III) complex, facilitating further dissociation of the complex and formation of Cr(III) precipitates. Thus, organo-Cr(III) complexes might be an intrinsic link of the chromium biogeochemical cycle; they can be produced during chromate reduction and then further mineralized by microorganisms. C1 [Puzon, Geoffrey J.; Huang, Yan; Xun, Luying] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dohnalkova, Alice] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xun, L (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Abelson Hall 301, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xun@mail.wsu.edu RI Puzon, Geoffrey/H-3667-2012 NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0923-9820 J9 BIODEGRADATION JI Biodegradation PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 417 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s10532-007-9147-1 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 291IL UT WOS:000255190000011 PM 17701280 ER PT J AU Froberg, M Hanson, PJ Todd, DE Johnson, DW AF Froberg, Mats Hanson, Paul J. Todd, Donald E. Johnson, Dale W. TI Evaluation of effects of sustained decadal precipitation manipulations on soil carbon stocks SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soil organic carbon; forest soils; precipitation ID THROUGHFALL MANIPULATION; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; HARDWOOD FOREST; OAK FOREST; TEMPERATE; RESPIRATION; DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; DEPOSITION; LANDSCAPE AB Throughout a 13 year period, the Throughfall Displacement Experiment sustained both increased (+33; wet) and decreased (-33%; dry) throughfall into an upland oak forest in Tennessee. Organic (O) horizon carbon (C) stocks were measured at several occasions before, during and after the experiment and mineral soil C stocks before and after the experiment. In the O horizon, higher C stocks were observed in the dry treatment compared to the ambient and wet, attributable to a combination of enhanced litter inputs and reduced decomposition. No precipitation treatment effects on mineral soil C stocks were found to a depth of 60 cm. Conversely, long-term reductions in surface mineral soil C stocks were surprisingly high for all treatments (3.5-2.7% C in the 0-15 cm layer and from 0.6 to 0.5% in the 15-30 cm layer) over the duration of the experiment. A clear explanation for this temporal trend in C storage was not readily apparent. C1 [Froberg, Mats] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Froberg, Mats; Hanson, Paul J.; Todd, Donald E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Froberg, M (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, POB 7001, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. EM mats.froberg@sml.slu.se RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Froberg, Mats/E-8741-2012; Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 2 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.1007/s10533-008-9205-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 330BC UT WOS:000257913300001 ER PT J AU Leung, BO Hitchcock, AP Brash, JL Scholl, A Doran, A Henklein, P Overhage, J Hilpert, K Hale, JD Hancock, REW AF Leung, Bonnie O. Hitchcock, Adam P. Brash, John L. Scholl, Andreas Doran, Andrew Henklein, Peter Overhage, Joerg Hilpert, Kai Hale, John D. Hancock, Robert E. W. TI X-ray spectromicroscopy study of competitive adsorption of protein and peptide onto polystyrene-poly(methyl methacrylate) SO BIOINTERPHASES LA English DT Article DE adsorption; biochemistry; biological techniques; molecular biophysics; pH; polymers; proteins; segregation; synchrotron radiation; X-ray microscopy; X-ray spectra ID INNERSHELL ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; AMINO-ACIDS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION; SCATTERING; SURFACE; ALBUMIN; PH AB A synchrotron-based x-ray photoemission electron microscope (X-PEEM) was used to investigate the coadsorption of a mixture of human albumin serum and SUB-6, a synthetic antimicrobial peptide, to a phase-segregated polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrate at varying concentrations and pH. The authors show that X-PEEM could detect the peptide adsorbed from solution at concentrations as low as 5.5x10(-9)M and could differentiate the four components via near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectromicroscopy. At neutral pH the SUB-6 peptide adsorbed preferentially to PMMA. At a pH of 11.8 where the charge on the peptide was neutralized, there was a more balanced adsorption of both species on the PMMA domains. The authors interpret these observations as indicative of the formation of an electrostatic complex between positive peptide and negative protein at pH of 7.0. This solution complex had an adsorption behavior that depended on the polarity of the substrate domains, and favored adsorption to the electronegative PMMA regions. At a pH of 11.8 the complex formation was suppressed and a more competitive adsorption process was observed. C1 [Leung, Bonnie O.; Hitchcock, Adam P.] TuesduesMcMaster Univ, BIMR, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Brash, John L.] McMaster Univ, Sch Biomed Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. [Scholl, Andreas; Doran, Andrew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Henklein, Peter] Humboldt Univ, Inst Biochem, Univ Klinikum Charite, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. [Overhage, Joerg; Hilpert, Kai; Hale, John D.; Hancock, Robert E. W.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Hitchcock, AP (reprint author), TuesduesMcMaster Univ, BIMR, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. EM aph@mcmaster.ca RI Hilpert, Kai/F-4497-2011; Overhage, Joerg/H-2033-2013; Hancock, Robert/E-1145-2013; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; OI Overhage, Joerg/0000-0001-5278-2479; Doran, Andrew/0000-0001-5158-4569 FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC, Canada); U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX This research was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC, Canada), AFMNet and the Canada Research Chair programs. X-ray microscopy was carried out using PEEM2 at the ALS. The ALS is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU AVS PI RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK PA EDITORIAL OFFICE, 100 PARK DR, STE 105, CALLER BOX 13994, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27709 USA SN 1559-4106 J9 BIOINTERPHASES JI Biointerphases PD JUN PY 2008 VL 3 IS 2 BP FB27 EP FB35 DI 10.1116/1.2956637 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biophysics; Materials Science GA 430HE UT WOS:000264979100024 PM 20408679 ER PT J AU Lee, B Firestone, MA AF Lee, Byeongdu Firestone, Millicent A. TI Electron density mapping of triblock copolymers associated with model biomembranes: Insights into conformational states and effect on bilayer structure SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; LIPID-BILAYERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; LAMELLAR PHASE; MEMBRANES; POLOXAMERS; LIPOSOMES; HYDRATION AB One-dimensional electron-density profiles derived from synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) have been constructed and used to determine the conformational state of selected poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide) -b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymers and the region of their association with a lipid bilayer. The number of molecular repeat units in the hydrophobic PPO block has been found to determine both the nature of triblock polymer-membrane association and the conformational state of the symmetric, flanking hydrophilic PEO units. For DMPC-based biomembranes, polymers whose PPO chain length is less than that of the bilayer thickness insert weakly into the membrane with the PEO blocks on the same side of the bilayer, leading to delocalization of the PEO at the membrane-water interface. This polymer architecture has been found not to alter the membrane fluidity and toughness. Conversely, polymers whose chain length is sufficient to span the lipid bilayer are tightly integrated, projecting their PEO chains into the water channels on opposing sides of the bilayer. The coiled conformational state of the PEO chains produces steric pressure on the bilayer, causing a thinning of the membrane and leading to a rigid, less-mobile bilayer than systems where the polymer is introduced as the lipid conjugate. C1 [Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Firestone, Millicent A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM firestone@anl.gov OI Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1541 EP 1550 DI 10.1021/bm701348r PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 311YA UT WOS:000256635100007 PM 18452333 ER PT J AU Xie, ZH Swain, M Munroe, P Hoffman, M AF Xie, Zonghan Swain, Michael Munroe, Paul Hoffman, Mark TI On the critical parameters that regulate the deformation behaviour of tooth enamel SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE tooth enamel; microstructure; nanoindentation; protein; modelling; electron microscopy ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PERMANENT FIRST MOLARS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HYPOMINERALIZED ENAMEL; STEEL SUBSTRATE; CELL-WALL; INDENTATION; CERAMICS; NANOINDENTATION; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Tooth enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body with a complex hierarchical structure. Enamel hypornineralisation - a developmental defect - has been reported to cause a marked reduction in the mechanical properties of enamel and loss of dental function. We discover a distinctive difference in the inelastic deformation mechanism between sound and hypomineralised enamels that is apparently controlled by microstructural variation. For sound enamel, when subjected to mechanical forces the controlling deformation mechanism was distributed shearing within nanometre thick protein layer between its constituent mineral crystals: whereas for hypomineralised enamel microcracking and subsequent crack growth were more evident in its less densely packed microstructure. We develop a mechanical model that not only identifies the critical parameters, i.e., the thickness and shear properties of enamels, that regulate the mechanical behaviour of enamel, but also explains the degradation of hypomineralised enamel as manifested by its lower resistance to deformation and propensity for catastrophic failure. With support of experimental data, we conclude that for sound enamel an optimal microstructure has been developed that endows enamel with remarkable structural integrity for durable mechanical function. Crown Copyright (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xie, Zonghan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Xie, Zonghan] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Engn, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia. [Swain, Michael] Univ Sydney, Fac Dent, Biomat Res Unit, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Munroe, Paul; Hoffman, Mark] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Xie, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MPA CINT, MS K771, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM z.xie@ecu.edu.au RI Hoffman, Mark/E-5021-2012; Xie, Zonghan/D-7873-2013; Munroe, Paul/I-9313-2016 OI Hoffman, Mark/0000-0003-2927-1165; Xie, Zonghan/0000-0001-8647-7958; Munroe, Paul/0000-0002-5091-2513 NR 36 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 17 BP 2697 EP 2703 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.02.022 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 307JE UT WOS:000256314400016 PM 18359075 ER PT J AU Buchko, GW Sofia, HJ AF Buchko, Garry W. Sofia, Heidi J. TI Backbone (1)H, (13)C, and (15)N NMR assignments for the Cyanothece 51142 protein cce_0567: a protein associated with nitrogen fixation in the DUF683 family SO BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS LA English DT Article DE Cyanobacteria; nitrogen fixation; circadian rhythms; perdeuterated proteins ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Cyanothece 51142 contains a 78-residue protein, cce_0567, that falls into the DUF683 family of proteins associated with nitrogen fixation. Here we report the assignment of most of the main chain and (13)C(beta) side chain resonances of the similar to 40 kDa homo-tetramer. C1 [Buchko, Garry W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sofia, Heidi J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Buchko, GW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Mail Stop K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM garry.buchko@pnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 FU U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER); Battelle Memorial Institute; Pacific Northwest Division [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830] FX This work is part of a Membrane Biology EMSL Scientific Grand Challenge project at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the U. S. Department of Energy by Battelle. This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division, under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL0 1830 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-2718 J9 BIOMOL NMR ASSIGN JI Biomol. NMR Assign. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1007/s12104-007-9075-3 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA 341OC UT WOS:000258722800007 PM 19636916 ER PT J AU Buchko, GW Bekhazi, J Cort, JR Valentine, NB Snead, ML Shaw, WJ AF Buchko, Garry W. Bekhazi, Jacky Cort, John R. Valentine, Nancy B. Snead, Malcolm L. Shaw, Wendy J. TI H-1, C-13, and N-15 resonance assignments of murine amelogenin, an enamel biomineralization protein SO BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS LA English DT Article DE enamel; amelogenin; biomineralization; unfolded protein; polyproline type II structure ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MATRIX PROTEINS AB Amelogenin is the predominant matrix protein in developing dental enamel. Making extensive use of residue-specific N-15-labeled amino acids samples, the majority of the main and side chain resonances for murine amelogenin were assigned in 2% aqueous acetic acid at pH 3.0. C1 [Bekhazi, Jacky; Valentine, Nancy B.; Shaw, Wendy J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Buchko, Garry W.; Cort, John R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Snead, Malcolm L.] Univ So Calif, Ctr Craniofacial Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Shaw, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 999,Mail Stop K2-57, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Wendy.shaw@pnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 FU NIH-NIDCR [DE-015347] FX This work was supported by NIH-NIDCR Grant DE-015347. The research was performed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a facility operated by Battelle for the U. S. Department of Energy. Part of the research was performed at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-2718 J9 BIOMOL NMR ASSIGM JI Biomol. NMR Assign. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 89 EP 91 DI 10.1007/s12104-008-9092-x PG 3 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA 341OC UT WOS:000258722800024 PM 19081741 ER PT J AU Paradise, EM Kirby, J Chan, R Keasling, JD AF Paradise, Eric M. Kirby, James Chan, Rossana Keasling, Jay D. TI Redirection of flux through the FPP branch-point in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by down-regulating squalene synthase SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE amorphadiene; artemisinin; ergosterol; farnesyl diphosphate; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; squalene synthase ID 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GENE DISRUPTION; STEROL LEVELS; CELL-WALL; YEAST; BIOSYNTHESIS; PATHWAY; ACCUMULATION; DEGRADATION AB Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizes several regulatory mechanisms to maintain tight control over the intracellular level of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), the central precursor to nearly all yeast isoprenoid products. High-level production of non-native isoprenoid products requires that FPP flux be diverted from production of sterols to the heterologous metabolic reactions. To do so, expression of the gene encoding squalene synthase (ERG9), the first committed step in sterol biosynthesis, was down-regulated by replacing its native promoter with the methionine-repressible MET3 promoter. The intracellular levels of FPP were then assayed by expressing the gene encoding amorphadiene synthase (ADS) and converting the FPP to amorphadiene. Under certain culture conditions amorphadiene production increased fivefold upon ERG9 repression. With increasing flux to amorphadiene, squalene and ergosterol production each decreased. The levels of these three metabolites were dependent not only upon the level of ERG9 repression, but also the timing of its repression relative to the induction of ADS and genes responsible for enhancing flux to FPP. C1 [Paradise, Eric M.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Paradise, Eric M.; Kirby, James; Chan, Rossana; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biomed Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Synthet Biol Dept, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Synthet Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 26 TC 64 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 20 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1002/bit.21766 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 295VX UT WOS:000255503200017 PM 18175359 ER PT J AU Terrel, AR Scott, LR Knepley, MG Kirby, RC AF Terrel, Andy R. Scott, L. R. Knepley, Matthew G. Kirby, Robert C. TI Automated FEM discretizations for the Stokes equation SO BIT NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Perspectives in Numerical Analysis CY MAY 27-29, 2008 CL Helsinki Univ Technol, Helsinki, FINLAND SP Finnish Math Soc HO Helsinki Univ Technol DE numerical methods; finite element methods; Stokes equations ID LINEAR ALGEBRA ALGORITHMS; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; CODE GENERATION; LIBRARY; SYSTEM; FORMS; ORDER; FIAT AB Current FEM software projects have made significant advances in various automated modeling techniques. We present some of the mathematical abstractions employed by these projects that allow a user to switch between finite elements, linear solvers, mesh refinement and geometry, and weak forms with very few modifications to the code. To evaluate the modularity provided by one of these abstractions, namely switching finite elements, we provide a numerical study based upon the many different discretizations of the Stokes equations. C1 [Terrel, Andy R.; Scott, L. R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Knepley, Matthew G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kirby, Robert C.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Terrel, AR (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, 1100 E 58th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM aterrel@cs.uchicago.edu; ridg@cs.uchicago.edu; knepley@mcs.anl.gov; robert.c.kirby@ttu.edu RI Knepley, Matthew/C-1094-2015; OI Knepley, Matthew/0000-0002-2292-0735; Terrel, Andy/0000-0003-3630-1094 NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3835 J9 BIT JI Bit PD JUN PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 389 EP 404 DI 10.1007/s10543-008-0178-8 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 338RX UT WOS:000258527500013 ER PT J AU Solis, E Tomasi, D Junnarkar, S Schlyer, D Vaska, P Woody, C Pratte, JF O'Connor, P Rodriguez, AO AF Solis, E. Tomasi, D. Junnarkar, S. Schlyer, D. Vaska, P. Woody, C. Pratte, J-F. O'Connor, P. Rodriguez, A. O. TI Shielded transceiver RF coil array for simultaneous PET-MRI SO BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MRI coil array; hybrid system; PET/MRI ID SCANNER; SYSTEMS; RATCAP AB The complementary information provided by combined MRI-PET modalities promises to facilitate metabolic investigations of complex physiological processes. We developed a radio frequency (RF) coil array that can operate in close proximity (2-mm radial distance) to a miniaturized PET camera insert for simultaneous PET-MRI of a rat brain at high magnetic fields (4 Tesla). All ferromagnetic components in the PET instrument were replaced with non-ferromagnetic components to minimize susceptibility artefacts in MRI, and optical fibres were used to connect the electronics of the PET camera to the acquisition system located outside the MRI scanner room. A passive electromagnetic shielding was developed to minimize the interference between the PET-electronics and MRI RF coil array. MR images of water phantoms and "ex-vivo" rat brains were collected in two different conditions: with and without PET acquisition. Similarly, PET data was acquired in two different conditions: with and without MRI pulses (RF and gradients). The MR images showed good uniform sensitivity profiles for all cases and 66% decrease in SNR for the shielded case. The PET and MRI datasets demonstrated that the electromagnetic shielding successfully minimizes the RF interference between the instruments, minimizing MRI artefacts and protecting the delicate components of the PET electronics from MRI RF pulses. C1 [Solis, E.; Rodriguez, A. O.] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ctr Invest Instrumentac & Imagenol Med, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. [Junnarkar, S.; Pratte, J-F.; O'Connor, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Solis, E.; Tomasi, D.; Schlyer, D.; Vaska, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Woody, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rodriguez, AO (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ctr Invest Instrumentac & Imagenol Med, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. EM arog@xanum.uam.mx RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC BRASILEIRA FISICA PI SAO PAULO PA CAIXA POSTAL 66328, 05315-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0103-9733 J9 BRAZ J PHYS JI Braz. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 2 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1590/S0103-97332008000200013 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 319DX UT WOS:000257145400013 ER PT J AU Chan, WYR Nazaroff, WW Price, PN Gadgil, AJ AF Chan, Wanyu R. Nazaroff, William W. Price, Phillip N. Gadgil, Ashok J. TI Effectiveness of Urban Shelter-in-Place. III: Commercial Districts SO BUILDING SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE infiltration; air-exchange rate; commercial buildings; toxic chemical; emergency response ID BUILDINGS; GASES AB In the event of a toxic chemical release to the atmosphere, shelter-in-place (SIP) is an emergency response option available to protect public health. This paper is the last in a three-part series that examines the effectiveness of SIP at reducing adverse health effects in communities. We model a hypothetical chemical release in an urban area, and consider SIP effectiveness in protecting occupants of commercial buildings. Building air infiltration rates are predicted from empirical data using an existing model. We consider the distribution of building air infiltration rates both with mechanical ventilation systems turned off and with the systems operating. We also consider the effects of chemical sorption to indoor surfaces and nonlinear chemical dose-response relationships. We find that commercial buildings provide effective shelter when ventilation systems are off, but that any delay in turning off ventilation systems can greatly reduce SIP effectiveness. Using a two-zone model, we find that there can be substantial benefit by taking shelter in the inner parts of a building that do not experience direct air exchange with the outdoors. Air infiltration rates vary substantially among buildings and this variation is important in quantifying effectiveness for emergency response. Community-wide health metrics, introduced in the previous papers in this series, can be applied in pre-event planning and to guide real-time emergency response. C1 [Chan, Wanyu R.] Exponent, Environm Sci, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA. [Chan, Wanyu R.; Price, Phillip N.; Gadgil, Ashok J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nazaroff, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chan, WYR (reprint author), Exponent, Environm Sci, 15375 SE 30th Pl,Suite 250, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA. EM rchan@exponent.com FU Office of Chemical Biological Countermeasures, of the Science and Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Office of Chemical Biological Countermeasures, of the Science and Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security, and performed under US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 10084, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1996-3599 EI 1996-8744 J9 BUILD SIMUL-CHINA JI Build. Simul. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 144 EP 157 DI 10.1007/s12273-008-8312-8 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA V16QY UT WOS:000207885300005 ER PT J AU Lawrence, Z Bodin, P Langston, CA Pearce, F Gomberg, J Johnson, PA Menq, FY Brackman, T AF Lawrence, Zack Bodin, Paul Langston, Charles A. Pearce, Fred Gomberg, Joan Johnson, Paul A. Menq, Farn-Yuh Brackman, Thomas TI Induced dynamic nonlinear ground response at Garner Valley, California SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY; SITE RESPONSE; SURFACE-WAVES; EARTHQUAKE; MOTION; STRAIN; ELASTICITY; SEDIMENTS; BOREHOLES; ARRAYS AB We present results from a prototype experiment in which we actively induce, observe, and quantify in situ nonlinear sediment response in the near surface. This experiment was part of a suite of experiments conducted during August 2004 in Garner Valley, California, using a large mobile shaker truck from the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) facility. We deployed a dense accelerometer array within meters of the mobile shaker truck to replicate a controlled, laboratory-style soil dynamics experiment in order to observe wave-amplitude-dependent sediment properties. Ground motion exceeding 1g acceleration was produced near the shaker truck. The wave field was dominated by Rayleigh surface waves and ground motions were strong enough to produce observable nonlinear changes in wave velocity. We found that as the force load of the shaker increased, the Rayleigh-wave phase velocity decreased by as much as similar to 30% at the highest frequencies used (up to 30 Hz). Phase velocity dispersion curves were inverted for S-wave velocity as a function of depth using a simple isotropic elastic model to estimate the depth dependence of changes to the velocity structure. The greatest change in velocity occurred nearest the surface, within the upper 4 m. These estimated S-wave velocity values were used with estimates of surface strain to compare with laboratory-based shear modulus reduction measurements from the same site. Our results suggest that it may be possible to characterize nonlinear soil properties in situ using a noninvasive field technique. C1 [Lawrence, Zack; Langston, Charles A.] Univ Memphis, Ctr Earthquake Res & Informat, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Bodin, Paul] Univ Washington, Dept Earth Sci, Pacific NW Seism Network, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pearce, Fred] MIT, Earth Resources Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gomberg, Joan] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnson, Paul A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Menq, Farn-Yuh] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Engn, Geotech Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Lawrence, Z (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Ctr Earthquake Res & Informat, 3876 Cent Ave,Suite 1, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. OI Johnson, Paul/0000-0002-0927-4003 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 1412 EP 1428 DI 10.1785/0120070124 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 307GH UT WOS:000256306900021 ER PT J AU von Seggern, DH Smith, KD Preston, LA AF von Seggern, David H. Smith, Kenneth D. Preston, Leiph A. TI Seismic spatial-temporal character and effects of a deep (25-30 km) magma intrusion below north Lake Tahoe, California Nevada SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID IZU PENINSULA; MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; RANGE PROVINCE; SIERRA-NEVADA; EARTHQUAKES; DEFORMATION; MAGNITUDE; SWARM; JAPAN; BASIN AB In 2003, a magma intrusion event occurred at 25 - 30 km in the lower crust under the northwestern corner of Lake Tahoe, as evidenced by both an earthquake swarm and a geodetic displacement. This study examines the seismicity associated with that event and subsequent seismicity in the upper crust. HYPODD relocations showed that the deep swarm of approximately 1600 microearthquakes at the intrusion site was concentrated on a planar area with a strike of N42 degrees W, dipping at 39 degrees to the northeast. The largest microearthquake in this swarm was M 2.2, and an anomalously high b-value of 2.0 is seen in the recurrence-versus-magnitude plot. The swarm progressed over this plane in a somewhat irregular pattern for a period of roughly 5 months. Focal mechanisms of the deep-swarm events are highly variable and do not reflect the known regional stress field. Two months after the deep-swarm activity started, a shallow swarm of approximately 1100 microearthquakes began at 10 - 12-km depths in the shallow crust almost immediately above the deep swarm and continued through 2005. This swarm had a maximum M of 2.4 and a relatively high b-value of 1.5. Based on HYPODD relocations, hypocenters in this swarm are concentrated in a narrow pipelike volume, and event depths progressed steadily upward over the more than 2 yr of observation. Focal mechanisms in this shallow swarm are more consistent with the regional stress field than those of the deep swarm. Within one focal depth horizontally of the deep swarm, postintrusion seismic activity increased significantly compared to prior years. Stress triggering from the deep magma intrusion, although based on sub-bar stress changes in the shallow crust, is a feasible explanation of the observed increase. C1 [von Seggern, David H.; Smith, Kenneth D.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Seismol Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Preston, Leiph A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP von Seggern, DH (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Nevada Seismol Lab, MS 174, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM vonseg@seismo.unr.edu; ken@seismo.unr.edu; preston@seismo.unr.edu NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 1508 EP 1526 DI 10.1785/0120060240 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 307GH UT WOS:000256306900028 ER PT J AU Park, CC Zhang, HJ Yao, ES Park, CJ Bissell, MJ AF Park, Catherine C. Zhang, Hui J. Yao, Evelyn S. Park, Chong J. Bissell, Mina J. TI beta(1) integrin inhibition dramatically enhances radiotherapy efficacy in human breast cancer xenografts SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; CELL-LINES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; IN-VIVO; DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVATION; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; SURVIVAL; KINASE; TUMOR AB beta(1) Integirin signaling has been shown to mediate cellular resistance to apoptosis after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Other signaling molecules that increase resistance include Akt, which promotes cell survival downstream of beta(1) integrin signaling. We previously showed that beta(1) integrin inhibitory antibodies (e.g., AIIB2) enhance apoptosis an decrease growth in human breast cancer cells in three-dimensional laminin-rich extracellular matrix (IrECM) cultures and in vivo. Here, we asked whether AIIB2 could synergize with IR to modify Akt-mediated IR resistance. We used three-dimensional IrECM cultures to test the optimal combination of AIIB2 with IR treatment of two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HMT3522-T4-2, as well as T4-2 myr-Akt breast cancer colonies or HMT3522-S-1, which form normal organotypic structures in three-dimensional IrECM. Colonies were assayed for apoptosis and beta(1) integrin/Akt signaling pathways were evaluated using Western blot. In addition, mice bearing MCF-7 xenografts were used to validate the findings in three-dimensional IrECM. We report that AIIB2 increased apoptosis optimally post-IR by down-regulating Akt in breast cancer colonies in three-dimensional IrECM. In vivo, addition of AIIB2 after IR significantly enhanced tumor growth inhibition and apoptosis compared with either treatment alone. Remarkably, the degree of tumor growth inhibition using AIIB2 plus 2 Gy radiation was similar to that of 8 Gy alone. We previously showed that AIIB2 had no discernible toxicity in mice; here, its addition allowed for a significant reduction in the IR dose that was necessary to achieve comparable growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer xenografts in vivo. C1 [Park, Catherine C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Zhang, Hui J.; Bissell, Mina J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, San Francisco, CA USA. [Park, Chong J.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Park, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Radiat Oncol, 1600 Divisadero St,H1031, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Catherine.Park@ucsf.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA CA58207-08, CA64786-09, P50 CA058207, R01 CA064786, R01 CA064786-09, R01 CA124891, R37 CA064786] NR 42 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 68 IS 11 BP 4398 EP 4405 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6390 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 309TV UT WOS:000256484000047 PM 18519702 ER PT J AU Fowler, KR Gray, GA Olufsen, MS AF Fowler, K. R. Gray, G. A. Olufsen, M. S. TI Modeling heart rate regulation - Part II: Parameter identification and analysis SO CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE derivative-free optimization; model based prediction of heart rate; sensitivity analysis ID FUNCTION MINIMIZATION AB In part I of this study we introduced a 17-parameter model that can predict heart rate regulation during postural change from sitting to standing. In this subsequent study, we focus on the 17 model parameters needed to adequately represent the observed heart rate response. In part I and in previous work (Olufsen et al. 2006), we estimated the 17 model parameters by minimizing the least squares error between computed and measured values of the heart rate using the Nelder-Mead method (a simplex algorithm). In this study, we compare the Nelder-Mead optimization method to two sampling methods: the implicit filtering method and a genetic algorithm. We show that these off-the-shelf optimization methods can work in conjunction with the heart rate model and provide reasonable parameter estimates with little algorithm tuning. In addition, we make use of the thousands of points sampled by the optimizers in the course of the minimization to perform an overall analysis of the model itself. Our findings show that the resulting least-squares problem has multiple local minima and that the non-linear-least squares error can vary over two orders of magnitude due to the complex interaction between the model parameters, even when provided with reasonable bound constraints. C1 [Olufsen, M. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fowler, K. R.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Math, Potsdam, NY USA. [Gray, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Olufsen, MS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Box 8205, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM msolufse@math.ncsu.edu FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the American Institute of Mathematics (AIM). Data used for this study was approved by the internal review board at the Hebrew Senior Life and used with permission from Dr. Lipsitz at Hebrew Senior Life and Harvard Medical School. Genetha Gray acknowledges Sandia, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We wish to thank Matthew Parno of Clarkson University for his help. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1567-8822 J9 CARDIOVASC ENG JI Cardiovasc. Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 2 BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s10558-007-9048-2 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Engineering, Biomedical SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Engineering GA 343SW UT WOS:000258876400004 PM 18172764 ER PT J AU Radisky, DC LaBarge, MA AF Radisky, Derek C. LaBarge, Mark A. TI Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the stem cell phenotype SO CELL STEM CELL LA English DT Editorial Material ID CANCER; BREAST AB Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process in which epithelial cells acquire the motile, migratory properties of mesenchymal cells. In a recent issue of Cell, Mani et al. (2008) show that induction of EMT stimulates cultured breast cells to adopt characteristics of stem cells. C1 [Radisky, Derek C.] Ctr Canc, Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [LaBarge, Mark A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Radisky, DC (reprint author), Ctr Canc, Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM radisky.derek@mayo.edu; malabarge@lbl.gov RI LaBarge, Mark/E-2621-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA122086] NR 10 TC 90 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1934-5909 J9 CELL STEM CELL JI Cell Stem Cell PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 6 BP 511 EP 512 DI 10.1016/j.stem.2008.05.007 PG 2 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 315HT UT WOS:000256870000003 PM 18522839 ER PT J AU Dinh, AT Pangarkar, C Mitragotri, S AF Dinh, Anh-Tuan Pangarkar, Chinmay Mitragotri, Samir TI Understand discrete nanoscale transport SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR MOTORS; INTRACELLULAR-TRANSPORT; LIVING CELLS; FUSION; LYSOSOMES; VESICLE; MICROTUBULES; TRAFFICKING; ENDOCYTOSIS; MECHANISMS C1 [Dinh, Anh-Tuan] Archimedes Inc, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Pangarkar, Chinmay] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mitragotri, Samir] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Dinh, AT (reprint author), Archimedes Inc, 201 Mission St,29th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM tuan.dinh@archimedesmodel.com; chpangarkar@lbt.gov; samir@engineering.ucsb.edu NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0360-7275 J9 CHEM ENG PROG JI Chem. Eng. Prog. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 104 IS 6 BP 62 EP 68 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 313XX UT WOS:000256774400031 ER PT J AU Warzinski, RP Riestenberg, DE Gabitto, J Haljasmaa, IV Lynn, RJ Tsouris, C AF Warzinski, Robert P. Riestenberg, David E. Gabitto, Jorge Haljasmaa, Igor V. Lynn, Ronald J. Tsouris, Costas TI Formation and behavior of composite CO2 hydrate particles in a high-pressure water tunnel facility SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CO2 particle formation; CO2 hydrate; carbon storage; mass transfer; mathematical modeling ID OCEAN CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CLATHRATE-HYDRATE; CO2-HYDRATE COMPOSITE; COEFFICIENT; INTERFACE; DROPLETS; CRYSTALS; LIQUID; FIELD; MODEL AB Sinking CO2 composite particles consisting of seawater, liquid CO2, and CO2 hydrate were produced by a coaxial flow injector fed with liquid CO2 and artificial seawater. The particles were injected into a high-pressure water tunnel facility to permit determination of their settling velocities and dissolution rates. Injections were performed at fixed pressures approximately equivalent to 1200-m, 1500-m, and 1800-m depths and at temperatures varying from approximately 2 to 5 degrees C. Immediately after injection, the cylindrical particles were observed to break away from the injector tip and often aggregated into sinking clusters. The seawater flow in the tunnel was then adjusted in a countercurrent flow mode to suspend the particles in an observation window so that images of the particles could be recorded for later analysis. The flow would often break or cause rearrangement of some of the clusters. Selected individual particles and some clusters were studied until they became too hydrodynamically unstable to follow. in general, the flow required to suspend clusters or individual particles decreased with time as the particles dissolved. For example, one particle was produced and observed for over 6 min at an average pressure of 15.022 MPa and an average temperature of 5.1 degrees C. Its sinking rate, determined from the flow required for stabilization, changed from 37.2 to 3.3 mm/s over this time. Particle sinking rates were compared to correlations from the literature for uniform cylindrical objects. Reasonable agreement was, observed for short times; however, the observed decrease in sinking velocity with time was greater than that predicted by the correlations for longer times. Particle dissolution rates, based on changes in diameter, were also determined and varied from 5 to 11 mu m/s. A pseudo-homogeneous mass transfer model was used to predict single-particle dissolution rates. Good agreement was achieved between experimental dissolution data and the modeling results. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Warzinski, Robert P.; Haljasmaa, Igor V.; Lynn, Ronald J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, US Dept Energy, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Riestenberg, David E.; Gabitto, Jorge; Tsouris, Costas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gabitto, Jorge] Prairie View A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. RP Warzinski, RP (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, US Dept Energy, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM robert.warzinski@netl.doe.gov; tsourisc@ornl.gov RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 EI 1873-4405 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 63 IS 12 BP 3235 EP 3248 DI 10.1016/j.ces.2008.03.005 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 324RO UT WOS:000257535900016 ER PT J AU Bank, TL Kukkadapu, RK Madden, AS Ginder-Vogel, MA Baldwin, ME Jardine, PM AF Bank, T. L. Kukkadapu, R. K. Madden, A. S. Ginder-Vogel, M. A. Baldwin, M. E. Jardine, P. M. TI Effects of gamma-sterilization on the physico-chemical properties of natural sediments SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gamma-irradiation; soil sterilization; redox; Mossbauer ID URANIUM-CONTAMINATED SOILS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; SUBSURFACE MEDIA; U(VI) ADSORPTION; MARINE SEDIMENT; CLAY-MINERALS; IRRADIATION; SORPTION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; BIODEGRADATION AB Batch U(VI) sorption/reduction experiments were completed on sterilized and non-sterilized sediment samples to elucidate biological and geochemical reduction mechanisms. Results from X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy revealed that gamma-sterilized sediments were actually better sorbents of U(VI), despite the absence of any measurable biological activity. These results indicate that gamma-irradiation induced significant physico-chemical changes in the sediment which is contrary to numerous other studies identifying gamma-sterilization as an effective and minimally invasive technique. To identify the extent and method of alteration of the soil as a result of gamma-sterilization, untreated soil samples, physically separated size fractions, and chemically extracted fractions of the soil were analyzed pre- and post-sterilization. The effects of sterilization on mineralogy, pH, natural organic matter (NOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and iron oxidation state were determined. Results indicated that major mineralogy of the clay and whole sediment samples was unchanged. Sediment pH decreased only slightly with gamma-irradiation; however, irradiation produced a significant decrease in CEC of the untreated sediments and affected both the organic and inorganic fractions. Mossbauer spectra of non-sterile and gamma-sterilized sediments measured more reduced iron present in gamma-sterilized sediments compared to non-sterile samples. Our results suggest that sterilization by gamma-irradiation induced iron reduction that may have increased the sorption and/or reduction of U(VI) onto these sediments. However, Mossbauer and batch sorption data are somewhat contradictory, the former indicates that the iron oxide or iron hydroxide minerals are more significantly reduced while the later indicates that reduced clay minerals account for greater sorption of U(VI). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bank, T. L.; Madden, A. S.; Jardine, P. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kukkadapu, R. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ginder-Vogel, M. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldwin, M. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bank, TL (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, 876 Nat Sci Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM tlbank@buffalo.edu NR 44 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 8 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 251 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.01.003 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 317HW UT WOS:000257011700001 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Ottley, LAM AF Boyle, Timothy J. Ottley, Leigh Anna M. TI Advances in structurally characterized lanthanide alkoxide, aryloxide, and silyloxide compounds SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; LOW-COORDINATE LANTHANOID(II); THF = TETRAHYDROFURAN; RARE-EARTH ALKOXIDES; N-3 DONOR LIGANDS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ORGANOAMIDO-LANTHANOIDS; CERIUM(III) ALKOXIDES; NEODYMIUM ALKOXIDES; EUROPIUM COMPLEXES C1 [Boyle, Timothy J.; Ottley, Leigh Anna M.] Adv Mat Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Adv Mat Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, 1001 Univ Blvd,SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@sandia.gov FU NIBIB NIH HHS [1 R21 EB005365-01] NR 138 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1896 EP 1917 DI 10.1021/cr0401063 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 313JY UT WOS:000256738100003 PM 18543875 ER PT J AU Yoshikuni, Y Dietrich, JA Nowroozi, FF Babbitt, PC Keasling, JD AF Yoshikuni, Yasuo Dietrich, Jeffrey A. Nowroozi, Farnaz F. Babbitt, Patricia C. Keasling, Jay D. TI Redesigning enzymes based on adaptive evolution for optimal function in synthetic metabolic pathways SO CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DESIGNED DIVERGENT EVOLUTION; GAMMA-HUMULENE SYNTHASE; DELTA-SELINENE SYNTHASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SESQUITERPENE SYNTHASES; MEVALONATE PATHWAY; PROTEINS; MUTAGENESIS; EXPRESSION; DOMAIN AB Nature has balanced most metabolic pathways such that no one enzyme in the pathway controls the flux through that pathway. However, unnatural or nonnative, constructed metabolic pathways may have limited product flux due to unfavorable in vivo properties of one or more enzymes in the pathway. One such example is the mevalonate-based isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway that we previously reconstructed in Escherichia coli. We have used a probable mechanism of adaptive evolution to engineer the in vivo properties of two enzymes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase [tHMGR] and many terpene synthases) in this pathway and thereby eliminate or minimize the bottleneck created by these inefficient or nonfunctional enzymes. Here, we demonstrate how we significantly improved the productivity (by similar to 1000 fold) of this reconstructed biosynthetic pathway using this strategy. We anticipate that this strategy will find broad applicability in the functional construction (or reconstruction) of biological pathways in heterologous hosts. C1 [Yoshikuni, Yasuo; Dietrich, Jeffrey A.; Nowroozi, Farnaz F.; Babbitt, Patricia C.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, UCB Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biomed Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yoshikuni, Yasuo; Dietrich, Jeffrey A.; Nowroozi, Farnaz F.; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Synthet Biol Dept, Phys Biosci Div, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Babbitt, Patricia C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Calif Inst Quantitat Biomed Res QB3, San Francisco, CA 94134 USA. [Babbitt, Patricia C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem & Biopharmaceut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94134 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, UCB Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM060595] NR 22 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 18 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1074-5521 J9 CHEM BIOL JI Chem. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 6 BP 607 EP 618 DI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2008.05.006 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 319XP UT WOS:000257198600012 PM 18559271 ER PT J AU Seol, Y Javandel, I AF Seol, Yongkoo Javandel, Iraj TI Citric acid-modified Fenton's reaction for the oxidation of chlorinated ethylenes in soil solution systems SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Fenton's reaction; citric acid; hydrogen peroxide; organic contaminant ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; HYDROXYL RADICALS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; OH RADICALS; DEGRADATION; REAGENT; IRON; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DECOMPOSITION; IONS AB Fenton's reagent, a solution of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron catalyst, is used for an in situ chemical oxidation of organic contaminants. Sulfuric acid is commonly used to create an acidic condition needed for catalytic oxidation. Fenton's reaction often involves pressure buildup and precipitation of reaction products, which can cause safety hazards and diminish efficiency. We selected citric acid, a food-grade substance, as an acidifying agent to evaluate its efficiencies for organic contaminant removal in Fenton's reaction, and examined the impacts of using citric acid on the unwanted reaction products. A series of batch and column experiments were performed with varying H2O2 concentrations to decompose selected chlorinated ethylenes. Either dissolved iron from soil or iron sulfate salt was added to provide the iron catalyst in the batch tests. Batch experiments revealed that both citric and sulfuric acid systems achieved over 90% contaminant removal rates, and the presence of iron catalyst was essential for effective decontamination. Batch tests with citric acid showed no signs of pressure accumulation and solid precipitations, however the results suggested that an excessive usage of H2O2 relative to iron catalysts (Fe (2+)/H2O2 < 1/330) would result in lowering the efficiency of contaminant removal by iron chelation in the citric acid system. Column tests confirmed that citric acid could provide suitable acidic conditions to achieve higher than 55% contaminant removal rates. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Seol, Yongkoo; Javandel, Iraj] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Seol, Y (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM yongkoo.seol@netl.doe.gov NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 10 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 537 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.052 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 319XS UT WOS:000257198900003 PM 18472129 ER PT J AU Yan, J Shan, L Wang, Y Xiao, ZL Wen, HH AF Yan Jing Shan Lei Wang Yue Xiao Zhi-Li Wen Hai-Hu TI Quasiparticle density of states of 2H-NbSe2 single crystals revealed by low-temperature specific heat measurements according to a two-component model SO CHINESE PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE 2H-NbSe2; charge density wave; superconductivity; specific heat ID S-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX STATE; NBSE2 AB Low-temperature specific heat in a dichalcogenide superconductor 2H-NbSe2 is measured in various magnetic fields. It is found that the specific heat can be described very well by a simple model concerning two components corresponding to vortex normal core and ambient superconducting region, separately. For calculating the specific heat outside the vortex core region, we use the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) formalism under the assumption of a narrow distribution of the superconducting gaps. The field-dependent vortex core size in the mixed state of 2H-NbSe2, determined by using this model, can explain the nonlinear field dependence of specific heat coefficient gamma(H), which is in good agreement with the previous experimental results and more formal calculations. With the high-temperature specific heat data, we can find that, in the multi-band superconductor 2H-NbSe2, the recovered density of states (or Fermi surface) below T-c under a magnetic field seems not to be gapped again by the charge density wave (CDW) gap, which suggests that the superconducting gap and the CDW gap may open on different Fermi surface sheets. C1 [Yan Jing; Shan Lei; Wang Yue; Wen Hai-Hu] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Supercond, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Yan Jing; Shan Lei; Wang Yue; Wen Hai-Hu] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Xiao Zhi-Li] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Xiao Zhi-Li] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Wen, HH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Supercond, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM hhwen@aphy.iphy.ac.cn RI Wang, Yue/E-9002-2010 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1674-1056 EI 1741-4199 J9 CHINESE PHYS B JI Chin. Phys. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 6 BP 2229 EP 2235 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 319MJ UT WOS:000257167400048 ER PT J AU Smith, P Nabuurs, GJ Janssens, IA Reis, S Marland, G Soussana, JF Christensen, TR Heath, L Apps, M Alexeyev, V Fang, JY Gattuso, JP Guerschman, JP Huang, Y Jobbagy, E Murdiyarso, D Ni, J Nobre, A Peng, CH Walcroft, A Wang, SQ Pan, Y Zhou, GS AF Smith, Pete Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Janssens, Ivan A. Reis, Stefan Marland, Gregg Soussana, Jean-Francois Christensen, Torben R. Heath, Linda Apps, Mike Alexeyev, Vlady Fang, Jingyun Gattuso, Jean-Pierre Guerschman, Juan Pablo Huang, Yao Jobbagy, Esteban Murdiyarso, Daniel Ni, Jian Nobre, Antonio Peng, Changhui Walcroft, Adrian Wang, Shao Qiang Pan, Yude Zhou, Guang Sheng TI Sectoral approaches to improve regional carbon budgets SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Review ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; PEAT BOG GROWTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EUROPEAN FORESTS AB Humans utilise about 40% of the earth's net primary production (NPP) but the products of this NPP are often managed by different sectors, with timber and forest products managed by the forestry sector and food and fibre products from croplands and grasslands managed by the agricultural sector. Other significant anthropogenic impacts on the global carbon cycle include human utilization of fossil fuels and impacts on less intensively managed systems such as peatlands, wetlands and permafrost. A great deal of knowledge, expertise and data is available within each sector. We describe the contribution of sectoral carbon budgets to our understanding of the global carbon cycle. Whilst many sectors exhibit similarities for carbon budgeting, some key differences arise due to differences in goods and services provided, ecology, management practices used, land-management personnel responsible, policies affecting land management, data types and availability, and the drivers of change. We review the methods and data sources available for assessing sectoral carbon budgets, and describe some of key data limitations and uncertainties for each sector in different regions of the world. We identify the main gaps in our knowledge/data, show that coverage is better for the developed world for most sectors, and suggest how sectoral carbon budgets could be improved in the future. Research priorities include the development of shared protocols through site networks, a move to full carbon accounting within sectors, and the assessment of full greenhouse gas budgets. C1 [Smith, Pete] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Nabuurs, Gert-Jan] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, ALTERRA, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Janssens, Ivan A.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Reis, Stefan] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, CEH, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Marland, Gregg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Marland, Gregg] Mid Sweden Univ, Ecotechnol Program, S-83125 Ostersund, Sweden. [Soussana, Jean-Francois] INRA, Agron Unit, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Christensen, Torben R.] Lund Univ, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Heath, Linda] US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Apps, Mike] Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forestry Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Alexeyev, Vlady] Russian Acad Sci, Vn Sukachev Inst Forests Res, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Fang, Jingyun] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Gattuso, Jean-Pierre] UPMC, CNRS, Oceanog Lab, Observ Oceanol, F-06234 Villefranche Sur Mer, France. [Guerschman, Juan Pablo] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Huang, Yao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Jobbagy, Esteban] Univ Nacl San Luis, Grp Estudios Ambientales, RA-5700 San Luis, Argentina. [Murdiyarso, Daniel] CIFOR, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia. [Ni, Jian; Zhou, Guang Sheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Lab Quantitat Vegetat Ecol, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Nobre, Antonio] Escritorio Reg INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Walcroft, Adrian] Landcare Res, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Wang, Shao Qiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, USDA, Global Change Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Smith, P (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. EM pete.smith@abdn.ac.uk RI Janssens, Ivan/P-1331-2014; Fang, Jingyun/A-4282-2009; Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012; Huang, Yao/O-6832-2014; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre/E-6631-2010; Smith, Pete/G-1041-2010; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/C-1479-2009; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; Soussana, Jean-Francois/P-2094-2016; Soussana, Jean-Francois/E-2543-2012; Reis, Stefan/E-4713-2011; Peng, Changhui/G-8248-2012; Ni, Jian/I-7067-2012; Nobre, Antonio /H-4309-2012 OI Janssens, Ivan/0000-0002-5705-1787; Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre/0000-0002-4533-4114; Smith, Pete/0000-0002-3784-1124; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/0000-0001-7464-6304; Soussana, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-1932-6583; Reis, Stefan/0000-0003-2428-8320; Ni, Jian/0000-0001-5411-7050; Nobre, Antonio /0000-0001-6840-6398 NR 179 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 3-4 BP 209 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s10584-007-9378-5 PG 41 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 309QU UT WOS:000256476100001 ER PT J AU Dasti, M Caudill, SP Kimberly, MM Cooper, GR Waymack, PP Slazyk, WE Monsell, E Myers, GL AF Dasti, M. Caudill, S. P. Kimberly, M. M. Cooper, G. R. Waymack, P. P. Slazyk, W. E. Monsell, E. Myers, G. L. TI A new analytical protocol for evaluating laboratory performance in the CDC-NHLBI Lipid Standardization Program SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry CY JUL 27-31, 2008 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem C1 [Dasti, M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Caudill, S. P.; Kimberly, M. M.; Cooper, G. R.; Waymack, P. P.; Slazyk, W. E.; Myers, G. L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Monsell, E.] Orise, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 6 SU S MA D27 BP A152 EP A152 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 307NN UT WOS:000256325700473 ER PT J AU Knupp, P AF Knupp, Patrick TI Updating meshes on deforming domains: An application of the target-matrix paradigm SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th U.S. National Congress on Computational mechanics CY JUL 25-27, 2005 CL Austin, TX DE mesh optimization; deforming domains; shape optimization; deforming geometry; deforming meshes ID SCIDAC APPLICATIONS AB A method for updating meshes in response to domain deformation is formulated within the target-matrix mesh optimization paradigm. By casting the problem within this paradigm, various formulations of the problem can be considered. Two local metrics are suggested for use in a multi-variable objective function to update meshes via numerical optimization. Both guarantee that if the deformation is null, the original mesh on the un-deformed domain will be replicated. Further, target matrices are constructed in a manner that ensures the updated mesh is as similar to the un-deformed mesh as possible. Numerical experiments confirm these properties on 2D examples. The update method has limitations, of course, the most important being that there is no guarantee that the deformed mesh will be invertible. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Optimizat & Uncertainty Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Knupp, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Optimizat & Uncertainty Dept, M-S 1318,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pknupp@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1069-8299 J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 6 SI SI BP 467 EP 476 DI 10.1002/cnm.1013 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 321XG UT WOS:000257339200005 ER PT J AU Hogan, RE Gartling, DK AF Hogan, R. E. Gartling, D. K. TI Solution strategies for coupled conduction/radiation problems SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th U.S. National Congress on Computational mechanics CY JUL 25-27, 2005 CL Austin, TX DE heat conduction; enclosure radiation; coupling; finite element method ID HEAT-TRANSFER AB Solution strategies and algorithms for solving coupled systems of equations that arise from the finite element formulation of heat conduction and enclosure radiation problems are presented and evaluated. Solution methods that vary from sequential equation processing to fully coupled procedures are tested for convergence, robustness and computational efficiency, in both transient and time-independent modeling situations. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hogan, R. E.; Gartling, D. K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hogan, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800,MS-0836, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rehogan@sandia.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1069-8299 J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 6 SI SI BP 523 EP 542 DI 10.1002/cnm.1063 PG 32 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 321XG UT WOS:000257339200009 ER PT J AU Acremann, Y AF Acremann, Yves TI Magnetization dynamics: ultra-fast and ultra-small SO COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE LA English DT Article DE magnetism; ultrafast microscopy; synchrotron radiation ID SPIN-POLARIZED CURRENT; SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CO/CU/CO PILLARS; DRIVEN; REVERSAL; MULTILAYER; EXCITATION; FIELD; GENERATION; DOMAINS AB Ultrafast magnetic processes are of great scientific interest but also form the basis of high density magnetic recording applications. We demonstrate the uniqueness of time resolved, high resolution magnetic X-ray microscopy, and show that the motion of a magnetic vortex core can be imaged. The vortex core direction is hidden to most experimental techniques, but has a decisive influence on the dynamics of the magnetic structure. We imaged the switching of a ferromagnetic nanostructure by a spin polarized current pulse using time resolved X-ray microscopy. As opposed to the common uniform switching process due to Neel and Stoner-Wohlfarth, the magnetization in spin injection devices does not switch uniformly, but involves the motion of a magnetic vortex. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, PULSE Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Acremann, Y (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, PULSE Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM acremann@slac.stanford.edu NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0705 J9 CR PHYS JI C. R. Phys. PD JUN-AUG PY 2008 VL 9 IS 5-6 BP 585 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.05.017 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 315YB UT WOS:000256915000010 ER PT J AU Monroe, ME Shaw, JL Daly, DS Adkins, JN Smith, RD AF Monroe, Matthew E. Shaw, Jason L. Daly, Don S. Adkins, Joshua N. Smith, Richard D. TI MASIC: A software program for fast quantitation and flexible visualization of chromatographic profiles from detected LC-MS(/MS) features SO COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE liquid chromatography-tandem mass; spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); quantitation; proteomics; quantification; selected ion chromatogram ID TIME TAG APPROACH; PROTEOMICS DATA; ACCURATE MASS; SPECTROMETRY AB Quantitative analysis of liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data is essential to many proteomics studies. We have developed MASIC(2) to accurately measure peptide abundances and LC elution times in LC-MS/MS analyses. This software program uses an efficient processing algorithm to quickly generate mass specific selected ion chromatograms from a dataset and provides an interactive browser that allows users to examine individual chromatograms with a variety of options. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Monroe, Matthew E.; Shaw, Jason L.; Daly, Don S.; Adkins, Joshua N.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM matthew.monroe@pnl.gov; shawj@spu.edu; ds.daly@pnl.gov; joshua.adkins@pnl.gov; dick.smith@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522, P41 RR018522-05, RR 018522]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 489401] NR 8 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1476-9271 J9 COMPUT BIOL CHEM JI Comput. Biol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 3 BP 215 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2008.02.006 PG 3 WC Biology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Computer Science GA 313JI UT WOS:000256736500010 PM 18440872 ER PT J AU Chen, ZJ Xiao, HY Zu, XT Wang, LM Gao, F Lian, J Ewing, RC AF Chen, Z. J. Xiao, H. Y. Zu, X. T. Wang, L. M. Gao, Fei Lian, Jie Ewing, Rodney C. TI Structural and bonding properties of stannate pyrochlores: A density functional theory investigation SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE stannate pyrochlores; DFT; structural properties; overlap population ID ION-BEAM IRRADIATION; NUCLEAR-WASTE-DISPOSAL; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; OXIDE PYROCHLORES; PLUTONIUM; IMMOBILIZATION; METALS; AMORPHIZATION; ACTINIDES; SOLIDS AB First-principle calculations have been completed on a series of Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, Er, Lu, Y, La, Pr and Nd) pyrochlores to study the effect of structural geometry and bond-type on the stability of the pyrochlore structure-type. Overlap population analysis showed that the < Sn-O-48f > bonds in stannate pyrochlores are much more covalent than the < Ln-O-48f > bonds, and a nonlinear relationship is observed between the < Sn-O-48f > or < Ln-O-48f > bond lengths and the Ln cation radii. The < Ln-O-8b > bonds are the most ionic among the metal-oxygen bonds. These results are consistent with experimental results. We note other factors, in addition to bond-type, that affect the stability of the pyrochlore structure. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Z. J.; Xiao, H. Y.; Zu, X. T.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Inst Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Xiao, H. Y.; Wang, L. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gao, Fei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lian, Jie; Ewing, Rodney C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci & Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Inst Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM hyxiao@uestc.edu.cn RI Lian, Jie/A-7839-2010; Xiao, Haiyan/A-1450-2012; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 4 BP 653 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.09.019 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 313ZA UT WOS:000256777300016 ER PT J AU He, J Verstak, A Watson, LT Sosonkina, M AF He, Jian Verstak, Alex Watson, Layne T. Sosonkina, Masha TI Design and implementation of a massively parallel version of DIRECT SO COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE data structures; DIRECT; global search; load balancing; task allocation ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; SEARCH ALGORITHM AB This paper describes several massively parallel implementations for a global search algorithm DIRECT. Two parallel schemes take different approaches to address DIRECT's design challenges imposed by memory requirements and data dependency. Three design aspects in topology, data structures, and task allocation are compared in detail. The goal is to analytically investigate the strengths and weaknesses of these parallel schemes, identify several key sources of inefficiency, and experimentally evaluate a number of improvements in the latest parallel DIRECT implementation. The performance studies demonstrate improved data structure efficiency and load balancing on a 2200 processor cluster. C1 [He, Jian; Verstak, Alex; Watson, Layne T.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Watson, Layne T.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sosonkina, Masha] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Watson, LT (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ltw@vt.edu NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0926-6003 J9 COMPUT OPTIM APPL JI Comput. Optim. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 217 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s10589-007-9092-2 PG 29 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 286LS UT WOS:000254848000004 ER PT J AU Sjostrand, T Mrenna, S Skands, P AF Sjoestrand, Torbjoern Mrenna, Stephen Skands, Peter TI A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1 SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE event generators; multiparticle production; parton showers; multiple interactions; hadronisation ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; HIGH-ENERGY-PHYSICS; HIGH-PT PHYSICS; JET FRAGMENTATION; EVENT GENERATION; E+E-PHYSICS; VERSION AB The PYTHIA program is a standard tool for the generation of high-energy collisions, comprising a coherent set of physics models for the evolution from a few-body hard process to a complex multihadronic final state. It contains a library of hard processes and models for initial-and final-state parton showers, multiple parton-parton interactions, beam remnants, string fragmentation and particle decays. It also has a set of utilities and interfaces to external programs. While previous versions were written in Fortran, PYTHIA 8 represents a complete rewrite in C++. The current release is the first main one after this transition, and does not yet in every respect replace the old code. It does contain some new physics aspects, on the other hand, that should make it an attractive option especially for LHC physics studies. C1 [Sjoestrand, Torbjoern; Skands, Peter] CERN, PH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Sjoestrand, Torbjoern] Lund Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Mrenna, Stephen; Skands, Peter] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Sjostrand, T (reprint author), CERN, PH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM torbjorn@thep.lu.se OI Mrenna, Stephen/0000-0001-8731-160X; Skands, Peter/0000-0003-0024-3822; Sjostrand, Torbjorn/0000-0002-7630-8605 NR 28 TC 1489 Z9 1491 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 178 IS 11 BP 852 EP 867 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2008.01.036 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 313JM UT WOS:000256736900007 ER PT J AU Berndt, M Moulton, JD Hansen, G AF Berndt, Markus Moulton, J. David Hansen, Glen TI Efficient nonlinear solvers for Laplace-Beltrami smoothing of three-dimensional unstructured grids SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE unstructured mesh; grid smoothing; elliptic smoothing; Laplace-Beltrami; Jacobian free; Newton-Krylov; algebraic multigrid ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; NEWTON-KRYLOV METHOD; RADIATION DIFFUSION; GENERATION AB The Laplace-Beltrami system of nonlinear, elliptic, partial differential equations has utility in the generation of computational grids on complex and highly curved geometry. Discretization of this system using the finite-element method accommodates unstructured grids, but generates a large, sparse, ill-conditioned system of nonlinear discrete equations. The use of the Laplace-Beltrami approach, particularly in large-scale applications, has been limited by the scalability and efficiency of solvers. This paper addresses this limitation by developing two nonlinear solvers based oil the Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) methodology. A key feature of these methods is that the Jacobian is not formed explicitly for use by the underlying linear solver. Iterative linear solvers such as the Generalized Minimal RESidual (GMRES) method do not technically require the stand-alone Jacobian; instead its action on a vector is approximated through two nonlinear function evaluations. The preconditioning required by GMRES is also discussed. Two different preconditioners are developed, both of which employ existing Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) methods. Further, the most efficient preconditioner, overall, for the problems considered is based on a Picard linearization. Numerical examples demonstrate that these solvers are significantly faster than a standard Newton-Krylov approach; a speedup factor of approximately 26 was obtained for the Picard preconditioner on the largest grids studied here. In addition, these JFNK solvers exhibit good algorithmic scaling with increasing grid size. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hansen, Glen] Idaho Natl Lab, Multiphys Methods Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Berndt, Markus; Moulton, J. David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Math Modeling & Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hansen, G (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Multiphys Methods Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Glen.Hansen@inl.gov RI Berndt, Markus/F-3185-2013; OI Hansen, Glen/0000-0002-1786-9285; Berndt, Markus/0000-0001-5360-6848 NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 12 BP 2791 EP 2806 DI 10.1016/j.camwa.2007.10.029 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 309XM UT WOS:000256493500010 ER PT J AU Todd, BD Andrews, KM AF Todd, Brun D. Andrews, Kimberly M. TI Response of a reptile guild to forest harvesting SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clearcutting; forest management; forest thinning; logging; logging effects; reptile; snake; Tantilla coronata; Virginia valeriae ID SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; AMPHIBIANS; ECOLOGY; FLORIDA; MICROCLIMATE; HERPETOFAUNA; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; DECLINE AB Despite the growing concern over reptile population declines, the effects of modem industrial silviculture on reptiles have been understudied, particularly for diminutive and often overlooked species such as small-bodied snakes. We created 4 replicated forest-management landscapes to determine the response of small snakes to forest harvesting in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. We divided the replicated landscapes into 4 treatments that represented a range of disturbed habitats: clearcut with coarse woody debris removed; clearcut with coarse woody debris retained; thinned pine stand; and control (unharvested second-growth planted pines). Canopy cover and ground litter were significantly reduced in clearcuts, intermediate in thinned forests, and highest in unharvested controls. Bare soil, maximum air temperatures, and understory vegetation all increased with increasing habitat disturbance. Concomitantly, we observed significantly reduced relative abundance of all 6 study species (scarletsnake [Cemophora coccinea], ring-neck snake [Diadophis punctatus], scarlet kingsnake [Lampropeltis triangulum], red-bellied snake [Storeria occipitomaculata], southeastern crowned snake [Tantilla coronata], and smooth earthsnake [Virginia valeriae]) in clearcuts compared with unharvested or thinned pine stands. In contrast, the greatest relative snake abundance occurred in thinned forest stands. Our results demonstrate that at least one form of forest harvesting is compatible with maintaining snake populations. Our results also highlight the importance of open-canopy structure and ground Utter to small snakes in southeastern forests and the negative consequences of forest clearcutting for small snakes. C1 [Todd, Brun D.; Andrews, Kimberly M.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Todd, BD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM btodd@uga.edu NR 43 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 8 U2 41 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 753 EP 761 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00916.x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311PT UT WOS:000256612800032 PM 18477031 ER PT J AU Murray, TE Fitzpatrick, U Brown, MJF Paxton, RJ AF Murray, Tomas E. Fitzpatrick, Una Brown, Mark J. F. Paxton, Robert J. TI Cryptic species diversity in a widespread bumble bee complex revealed using mitochondrial DNA RFLPs SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Bombus; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1; CO1; PCR-RFLP; DNA barcode ID LABIAL GLAND SECRETIONS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; BOMBUS-CRYPTARUM; CENTRAL-EUROPE; HYMENOPTERA; CONSERVATION; APIDAE; DECLINE; RARITY; COMMERCIALIZATION AB Cryptic species diversity is thought to be common within the class Insecta, posing problems for basic ecological and population genetic studies and conservation management. Within the temperate bumble bee (Bombus spp.) fauna, members of the subgenus Bombus sensu stricto are amongst the most abundant and widespread. However, their species diversity is controversial due to the extreme difficulty or inability morphologically to identify the majority of individuals to species. Our character-based phylogenetic analyses of partial CO1 (700 bp) from 39 individuals spread across their sympatric European ranges provided unequivocal support for five taxa (3-22 diagnostic DNA base pair sites per species). Inclusion of 20 Irish specimens to the dataset revealed >= 2.3% sequence divergence between taxa and <= 1.3% within taxa. We developed a PCR-RFLP based method for unequivocally distinguishing amongst the four cryptic European taxa of this subgenus, B. cryptarum, B. lucorum, B. magnus and B. terrestris, and used it to analyse 391 females of the former three species collected across Ireland, all of which could be unambiguously assigned to species. Bombus lucorum was the most widely distributed and abundant of the cryptarum-lucorum-magnus species complex, comprising 56% of individuals, though it was significantly less abundant at higher altitudes (> 200 m) whilst B. cryptarum was relatively more abundant at higher altitudes. Bombus magnus was rarely encountered at urban sites. Both B. lucorum and B. terrestris are nowadays reared commercially for pollination and transported globally. Our RFLP approach to identify native fauna can underpin ecological studies of these important cryptic species as well as the impact of commercial bumble bees on them. C1 [Murray, Tomas E.] Teagasc, Crops Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. [Murray, Tomas E.; Paxton, Robert J.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland. [Fitzpatrick, Una; Brown, Mark J. F.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Biol, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Murray, TE (reprint author), Teagasc, Crops Res Ctr, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland. EM tomas.murray@teagasc.ie RI Brown, Mark/E-7644-2010; Murray, Tomas/C-5540-2013; Paxton, Robert/D-7082-2015 OI Paxton, Robert/0000-0003-2517-1351 NR 75 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 4 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 3 BP 653 EP 666 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9394-z PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 291IU UT WOS:000255191000015 ER PT J AU Custelcean, R Jiang, DE Hay, BP Luo, WS Gu, BH AF Custelcean, Radu Jiang, De-en Hay, Benjamin P. Luo, Wensui Gu, Baohua TI Hydrogen-bonded helices for anion binding and separation SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; CENTER-DOT-ANION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; BONDING GROUPS; SELECTIVE CRYSTALLIZATION; MOLECULAR TECTONICS; SOLID-STATE; UREA; COORDINATION AB Herein we report the competitive crystallization of urea-functionalized hydrogen-bonded helical frameworks as a new approach to separating anions from aqueous mixtures. N,N'-Bis(m-pyridylurea) (1) containing orthogonal pyridine and urea hydrogen-bonding functionalities forms upon monoprotonation with 1 equiv of HX acids (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, and ClO4-) an isomorphous series of crystalline hydrogen-bonded helices assembled by pyridinium...pyridine hydrogen bonds, with the urea functional groups binding the anions through chelate hydrogen bonding. The helices are further connected in the crystals by CH center dot center dot center dot X- and pyridinium center dot center dot center dot X- interactions, as well as pi-stacking interactions. Competitive crystallization experiments and lattice energy calculations of the 1 center dot HX crystals showed the solvation-based Hofmeister bias that typically dominates anion separation selectivities from water was attenuated, but not completely overturned. The observed selectivity is apparently a result of the relatively soft and unspecific hydrogen-bonding environment around the anions in the crystals, combined with the high flexibility of the helices, which expand or contract as necessary to accommodate each anion. C1 [Custelcean, Radu; Jiang, De-en; Hay, Benjamin P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Luo, Wensui; Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Custelcean, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM custelceanr@ornl.gov RI Custelcean, Radu/C-1037-2009; Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012 OI Custelcean, Radu/0000-0002-0727-7972; Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956 NR 49 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1909 EP 1915 DI 10.1021/cg800137e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 310AJ UT WOS:000256501000025 ER PT J AU Lee, YJ Sounart, TL Liu, J Spoerke, ED McKenzie, BB Hsu, JWP Voigt, JA AF Lee, Yun-Ju Sounart, Thomas L. Liu, Jun Spoerke, Erik D. McKenzie, Bonnie B. Hsu, Julia W. P. Voigt, James A. TI Tunable arrays of ZnO nanorods and nanoneedles via seed layer and solution chemistry SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID NANOWIRE ARRAYS; CONTROLLED GROWTH; FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; NUCLEATION; DEPOSITION; COMPLEX AB We have systematically studied the effect of pH and 1,3-diaminopropane additive concentration on the morphology of ZnO nanorod and nanoneedle arrays grown in aqueous solution using a variety of seed layers. Increase in the growth solution pH from 6.8 to 13.2 resulted in a near doubling of the growth rate in the [000 1] direction possibly due to attractive interaction between the zinc species and the growth surface at high pH, leading to nanorod arrays with reduced faceting and higher aspect ratios. Increases in 1,3-diaminopropane concentration initially enhanced and subsequently inhibited growth of tapered ZnO nanoneedles on seed layers consisting of ZnO nanoparticles, oriented ZnO films, or columnar facets of ZnO microrods. The final nanoneedle dimensions, packing density, and alignment were strongly affected by 1,3-diaminopropane concentration and seed layer type, which can be explained in terms of the relative strength of zinc chelation by 1,3-diaminopropane, the areal density of seeds, and other factors. The precise tuning of ZnO crystalline morphology via the control of seeding and growth conditions may be beneficial to many potential applications that require these aligned crystalline nanostructures. C1 [Lee, Yun-Ju; Sounart, Thomas L.; Liu, Jun; Spoerke, Erik D.; McKenzie, Bonnie B.; Hsu, Julia W. P.; Voigt, James A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lee, YJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1082, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ylee@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2036 EP 2040 DI 10.1021/cg800052p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 310AJ UT WOS:000256501000043 ER PT J AU Blumer-Schuette, SE Kataeva, I Westpheling, J Adams, MWW Kelly, RM AF Blumer-Schuette, Sara E. Kataeva, Irina Westpheling, Janet Adams, Michael W. W. Kelly, Robert M. TI Extremely thermophilic microorganisms for biomass conversion: status and prospects SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BACTERIUM THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA; ARCHAEON PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS; GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR; THERMOCOCCUS-KODAKARAENSIS KOD1; SULFOLOBUS-SOLFATARICUS P2; PAPER SLUDGE HYDROLYSATE; SP-NOV REPRESENTS; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; CALDICELLULOSIRUPTOR-SACCHAROLYTICUS; ANAEROCELLUM-THERMOPHILUM AB Many microorganisms that grow at elevated temperatures are able to utilize a variety of carbohydrates pertinent to the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to bioenergy. The range of substrates utilized depends on growth temperature optimum and biotope. Hyperthermophilic marine archaea (T(opt) >= 80 degrees C) utilize alpha- and beta-linked glucans, such as starch, barley glucan, laminarin, and chitin, while hyperthermophilic marine bacteria (T(opt) > 80 degrees C) utilize the same glucans as well as hemicellulose, such as xylans and mannans. However, none of these organisms are able to efficiently utilize crystalline cellulose. Among the thermophiles, this ability is limited to a few terrestrial bacteria with upper temperature limits for growth near 75 degrees C. Deconstruction of crystalline cellulose by these extreme thermophiles is achieved by 'free' primary cellulases, which are distinct from those typically associated with large multi-enzyme complexes known as cellulosomes. These primary cellulases also differ from the endoglucanases (referred to here as 'secondary cellulases') reported from marine hyperthermophiles that show only weak activity toward cellulose. Many extremely thermophilic enzymes implicated in the deconstruction of lignocellulose can be identified in genome sequences, and many more promising biocatalysts probably remain annotated as 'hypothetical proteins'. Characterization of these enzymes will require intensive effort but is likely to generate new opportunities for the use of renewable resources as biofuels. C1 [Blumer-Schuette, Sara E.; Kelly, Robert M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kataeva, Irina; Adams, Michael W. W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Westpheling, Janet] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Blumer-Schuette, Sara E.; Kataeva, Irina; Westpheling, Janet; Adams, Michael W. W.; Kelly, Robert M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bioenergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kelly, RM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM rmkelly@eos.ncsu.edu OI Blumer-Schuette, Sara/0000-0001-9522-4266 NR 71 TC 129 Z9 133 U1 3 U2 61 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 210 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.04.007 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 323PC UT WOS:000257457800003 PM 18524567 ER PT J AU Ding, SY Xu, Q Crowley, M Zeng, Y Nimlos, M Lamed, R Bayer, EA Himmel, ME AF Ding, Shi-You Xu, Qi Crowley, Michael Zeng, Yining Nimlos, Mark Lamed, Raphael Bayer, Edward A. Himmel, Michael E. TI A biophysical perspective on the cellulosome: new opportunities for biomass conversion SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM CELLULOSOME; RAMAN SCATTERING MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-MOLECULE LEVEL; CELL-WALLS; ACETIVIBRIO-CELLULOLYTICUS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; SCAFFOLDIN; CELLULASE; DYNAMICS AB The cellulosome is a multiprotein complex, produced primarily by anaerobic microorganisms, which functions to degrade lignocellulosic materials. An important topic of current debate is whether cellulosomal systems display greater ability to deconstruct complex biomass materials (e.g. plant cell walls) than nonaggregated enzymes, and in so doing would be appropriate for improved, commercial bioconversion processes. To sufficiently understand the complex macromolecular processes between plant cell wall polymers, cellulolytic microbes, and their secreted enzymes, a highly concerted research approach is required. Adaptation of existing biophysical techniques and development of new science tools must be applied to this system. This review focuses on strategies likely to permit improved understanding of the bacterial cellulosome using biophysical approaches, with emphasis on advanced imaging and computational techniques. C1 [Ding, Shi-You; Xu, Qi; Crowley, Michael; Zeng, Yining; Himmel, Michael E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Nimlos, Mark] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lamed, Raphael] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Biotechnol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Bayer, Edward A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Ding, SY (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM shi_you_ding@nrel.gov RI crowley, michael/A-4852-2013; Ding, Shi-You/O-1209-2013 OI crowley, michael/0000-0001-5163-9398; NR 70 TC 51 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 33 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.04.008 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 323PC UT WOS:000257457800004 PM 18513939 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, A Redding, AM Rutherford, BJ Keasling, JD AF Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Redding, Alyssa M. Rutherford, Becky J. Keasling, Jay D. TI Importance of systems biology in engineering microbes for biofuel production SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ISOPRENOID PRODUCTION; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; CURRENT STATE; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEOMICS AB Microorganisms have been rich sources for natural products, some of which have found use as fuels, commodity chemicals, specialty chemicals, polymers, and drugs, to name a few. The recent interest in production of transportation fuels from renewable resources has catalyzed numerous research endeavors that focus on developing microbial systems for production of such natural products. Eliminating bottlenecks in microbial metabolic pathways and alleviating the stresses due to production of these chemicals are crucial in the generation of robust and efficient production hosts. The use of systems-level studies makes it possible to comprehensively understand the impact of pathway engineering within the context of the entire host metabolism, to diagnose stresses due to product synthesis, and provides the rationale to cost-effectively engineer optimal industrial microorganisms. C1 [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Redding, Alyssa M.; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 95608 USA. [Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Redding, Alyssa M.; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rutherford, Becky J.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 67 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 4 U2 32 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 228 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.05.003 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 323PC UT WOS:000257457800005 PM 18515068 ER PT J AU Keller, M Ramos, JL AF Keller, Martin Ramos, Juan L. TI Microbial goods from single cells and metagenomes SO CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Keller, Martin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ramos, Juan L.] EEZ CSIC, E-18008 Granada, Spain. RP Keller, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kellerm@ornl.gov RI Keller, Martin/C-4416-2012; OI Ramos, Juan L./0000-0002-8731-7435 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5274 J9 CURR OPIN MICROBIOL JI Curr. Opin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 195 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.mib.2008.05.003 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 330XA UT WOS:000257974900001 PM 18550421 ER PT J AU Ishoey, T Woyke, T Stepanauskas, R Novotny, M Lasken, RS AF Ishoey, Thomas Woyke, Tanja Stepanauskas, Ramunas Novotny, Mark Lasken, Roger S. TI Genomic sequencing of single microbial cells from environmental samples SO CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MULTIPLE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION; ROLLING CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION; AIRBORNE; BACTERIA; ECOLOGY; MICROORGANISMS; COMMUNITIES; COLLECTION; METABOLISM; POLYMERASE C1 [Ishoey, Thomas; Novotny, Mark; Lasken, Roger S.] J Craig Venter Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Stepanauskas, Ramunas] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA. RP Lasken, RS (reprint author), J Craig Venter Inst, 10355 Sci Ctr Dr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM rlasken@jcvi.org OI Stepanauskas, Ramunas/0000-0003-4458-3108 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG003647, R01 HG003647-01] NR 50 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 35 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5274 J9 CURR OPIN MICROBIOL JI Curr. Opin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 198 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.mib.2008.05.006 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 330XA UT WOS:000257974900002 PM 18550420 ER PT J AU Garcia, DE Baidoo, EE Benke, PI Pingitore, F Tang, YJ Villa, S Keasling, JD AF Garcia, David E. Baidoo, Edward E. Benke, Peter I. Pingitore, Francesco Tang, Yinjie J. Villa, Sandra Keasling, Jay D. TI Separation and mass spectrometry in microbial metabolomics SO CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUX ANALYSIS; AMINO-ACIDS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELLULAR METABOLITES; GC-MS; ISOTOPOMER AB Measurements of low molecular weight metabolites have been increasingly incorporated in the characterization of cellular physiology, qualitative studies in functional genomics, and stress response determination. The application of cutting edge analytical technologies to the measurement of metabolites and the changes in metabolite concentrations under defined conditions have helped illuminate the effects of perturbations in pathways of interest, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as unbiased characterizations of microbial stress responses as a whole. Owing to the complexity of microbial metabolite extracts and the large number of metabolites therein, advanced and high-throughput separation techniques in gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis have been coupled to mass spectrometry usually high-resolution mass spectrometry, but not exclusively - to make these measurements. C1 [Garcia, David E.; Benke, Peter I.; Tang, Yinjie J.; Villa, Sandra; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Garcia, David E.; Villa, Sandra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baidoo, Edward E.; Benke, Peter I.; Pingitore, Francesco; Tang, Yinjie J.; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baidoo, Edward E.; Benke, Peter I.; Pingitore, Francesco; Tang, Yinjie J.; Villa, Sandra; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tang, Yinjie J.] Washington Univ, Energy Environm & Chem Engn Dept, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 67 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 36 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5274 J9 CURR OPIN MICROBIOL JI Curr. Opin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.mib.2008.04.002 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 330XA UT WOS:000257974900007 PM 18538626 ER PT J AU York, WS O'Neill, MA AF York, William S. O'Neill, Malcolm A. TI Biochemical control of xylan biosynthesis - which end is up? SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE; REDUCING-END; GLUCURONOXYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABINOXYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS; HYALURONAN SYNTHASES; FAMILY-MEMBERS; GENE FAMILY; PLANTS; XYLOSYLTRANSFERASE; ARABIDOPSIS AB Xylans are major components of land plant secondary cell walls and are required for normal plant growth and development. Secondary walls also account for the bulk of lignocellulosic biomass, a potential feedstock for large-scale production of biofuels. Glucuronoxylan and arabinoxylan affect the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugar, a crucial and expensive step in biofuel production. Thus, knowledge of xylan biosynthesis may provide tools to modify secondary cell wall structure and thereby improve the bioprocessing characteristics of biomass. Recent studies have shown that glucuronoxylan structure and biosynthesis are far more complex than previously appreciated and the number of glycosyltransferases implicated in this process continues to increase. New hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of glucuronoxylan biosynthesis challenge some widely held views. C1 [York, William S.; O'Neill, Malcolm A.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [York, William S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [York, William S.; O'Neill, Malcolm A.] US DOE, Bioenergy Res Ctr BESC, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP York, WS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM will@ccrc.uga.edu NR 47 TC 108 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 39 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.02.007 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 317JR UT WOS:000257016600005 PM 18374624 ER PT J AU Mohnen, D AF Mohnen, Debra TI Pectin structure and biosynthesis SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYSACCHARIDE RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GLUCURONOXYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS; ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; XYLOGLUCAN COMPLEX; HOMOGALACTURONAN; PLANTS; GOLGI AB Pectin is structurally and functionally the most complex polysaccharide in plant cell walls. Pectin has functions in plant growth, morphology, development, and plant defense and also serves as a gelling and stabilizing polymer in diverse food and specialty products and has positive effects on human health and multiple biomedical uses. Pectin is a family of galacturonic acid-rich polysaccharides including homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I, and the substituted galacturonans rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), and xylogalacturonan (XGA). Pectin biosynthesis is estimated to require at least 67 transferases including glycosyl-, methyl-, and acetyltransferases. New developments in understanding pectin structure, function, and biosynthesis indicate that these polysaccharides have roles in both primary and secondary cell walls. Manipulation of pectin synthesis is expected to impact diverse plant agronomical properties including plant biomass characteristics important for biofuel production. C1 Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Mohnen, D (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dmohnen@ccrc.uga.edu NR 74 TC 515 Z9 537 U1 49 U2 280 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 266 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.03.006 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 317JR UT WOS:000257016600006 PM 18486536 ER PT J AU Barrenas, F Andersson, B Cardell, LO Langston, M Mobini, R Perkins, A Soini, J Stahl, A Benson, M AF Barrenas, Fredrik Andersson, Bengt Cardell, Lars Olaf Langston, Michael Mobini, Reza Perkins, Andy Soini, Juhani Stahl, Arne Benson, Mikael TI Gender differences in inflammatory proteins and pathways in seasonal allergic rhinitis SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE gender; CCL4; microarrays ID NETWORK-BASED ANALYSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; ASTHMA; CHILDHOOD; SEX; ASSOCIATION; ATOPY; AGE; ARCHITECTURE AB In model organisms, thousands of genes differ in expression between females and males. It is not known if differences on a similar scale are found in humans nor how this relates to disease. However, in allergic disease gender differences in the levels of both inflammatory cells and proteins have been shown. In this study, we found lower nasal fluid allergen-specific IgE in women than men with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). This led to genome-wide analyses of gene expression in allergen-challenged CD4(+) cells from patients with SAR before and after treatment with cortisone. Before treatment, 975 genes differed in expression between women and men: 337 were higher in women. After treatment only 428 genes and one pathway differed in expression. The genes that differed in expression between women and men were over-represented in 10 pathways. Five of the pathways regulated chemotaxis. All five were less active in women. One of the pathways was induced by the eosinophilic chemokine CCL4. Analysis of nasal fluid CCL4 protein confirmed lower levels in women with seasonal allergic rhinitis, before and during the pollen season. By contrast, nasal fluid CCL3 levels did not differ between the genders. In summary, this study shows gender differences in specific inflammatory pathways and proteins in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Further studies are warranted to examine if such differences have diagnostic and therapeutic implications in allergic diseases. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barrenas, Fredrik; Mobini, Reza; Benson, Mikael] Queen Silvia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Unit Clin Syst Biol, SE-41685 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Andersson, Bengt] Gothenburg Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Cardell, Lars Olaf] Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Lab Clin & Expt Allergy Res, Malmo, Sweden. [Langston, Michael; Perkins, Andy] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Langston, Michael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Soini, Juhani] Univ Turku, Ctr Biotechnol, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. [Soini, Juhani] Abo Akad Univ, Ctr Biotechnol, Turku, Finland. [Stahl, Arne] Gothenburg Univ, Allergy Lab, Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Benson, M (reprint author), Queen Silvia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Unit Clin Syst Biol, SE-41685 Gothenburg, Sweden. EM Fredrik.Barrenas@vgregion.se; Bengt.a.andersson@vgregion.se; Lars-Olaf.Cardell@med.lu.se; langston@cs.utk.edu; reza.mobini@pediat.gu.se; aperkins@cs.utk.edu; juhani.soini@btk.fi; arne.stahl@vgregion.se; mikael.benson@pediat.gu.se RI Langston, Michael/A-9484-2011 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 3 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.03.004 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 321BP UT WOS:000257279500008 PM 18440239 ER PT J AU Keasler, J AF Keasler, Jeff TI Performance portable C++ - Taking full advantage of new architectures SO DR DOBBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, ASC Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Keasler, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, ASC Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MILLER FREEMAN, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 600 HARRISON ST,, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1044-789X J9 DR DOBBS J JI Dr. Dobbs J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 6 BP 40 EP + PG 6 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 300OI UT WOS:000255833600009 ER PT J AU Edwards, WN Brown, PG Weryk, RJ ReVelle, DO AF Edwards, Wayne N. Brown, Peter G. Weryk, Robert J. ReVelle, Douglas O. TI Infrasonic observations of meteoroids: Preliminary results from a coordinated optical-radar-infrasound observing campaign SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meteoroids Conference 2007 CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL CosmoCaixa Sci Museum, Barcelona, SPAIN SP Inst Space Sci, Inst Estudies Espacials Catalunya HO CosmoCaixa Sci Museum DE atmosphere; infrasound; meteor; meteoroid; shock waves ID LOWER ATMOSPHERE; MIDDLE; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Recent observations using the newly installed Elginfield infrasound array in coordination with the Southern Ontario all-sky meteor camera network and Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) has shown that the number of meteors producing infrasound at the Earth's surface is more frequent than previously thought. These data show the flux of meteoroids capable of producing infrasound at the ground is at least 1/month and is limited to meteors with peak visual brightness above -2. Comparisons to current meteor infrasound theory show excellent agreement with amplitude and period predictions for weakly non-linear shock waves using a realistic vertically inhomogeneous atmosphere. Similar predictions show isothermal assumptions underestimate the amplitude by orders of magnitude. C1 [Edwards, Wayne N.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Brown, Peter G.; Weryk, Robert J.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [ReVelle, Douglas O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Meteorol Modeling Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Edwards, WN (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. EM wedwards@uwo.ca NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9295 J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS JI Earth Moon Planets PD JUN PY 2008 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1007/s11038-007-9154-6 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 278BQ UT WOS:000254258900031 ER PT J AU ReVelle, DO Sukara, EA Edwards, WN Brown, PG AF ReVelle, Douglas O. Sukara, Elizabeth A. Edwards, Wayne N. Brown, Peter G. TI Reanalysis of the historic AFTAC bolide infrasound database SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meteoroids Conference 2007 CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL CosmoCaixa Sci Museum, Barcelona, SPAIN SP Inst Space Sci, Inst Estudies Espacials Catalunya HO CosmoCaixa Sci Museum DE bolides; infrasound; AFTAC; atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves; global influx rate of large meteor-fireballs ID IMPACTS; METEOR; WAVES; EARTH AB We have recently digitized and partially reanalyzed the historic bolide infrasonic database. These 10 events were originally detected by the U.S. Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC) from similar to 1960 to 1974. In this paper we present the first preliminary reanalysis results for two of the 10 bolide events, namely the Revelstoke bolide of 3/31/1965 as well as the Prince Edward Islands (P.E.I). S. African bolide of 8/03/1963, which were among the largest bolides detected during this time period. These bolides have been investigated initially since they are most likely to have had a significant effect on the computed global influx rate of ReVelle (Global Infrasonic Monitoring of Large Bolides, pp 483-490, 2001) as indicated in Brown et al. (Nature, 420:314-316, 2002). We are in the process of recomputing all relevant infrasonic propagation quantities such as plane wave back azimuth, signal velocities, power spectra, spectrograms, as well as energy estimates using multiple techniques. In a future paper we will present a complete digital reanalysis of the AFTAC bolide infrasonic data and its final resulting global bolide influx implications. C1 [ReVelle, Douglas O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sukara, Elizabeth A.; Edwards, Wayne N.; Brown, Peter G.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. RP ReVelle, DO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM revelle@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9295 J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS JI Earth Moon Planets PD JUN PY 2008 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 337 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s11038-007-9173-3 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 278BQ UT WOS:000254258900048 ER PT J AU ReVelle, DO AF ReVelle, Douglas O. TI Acoustic-gravity waves from bolide sources SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meteoroids Conference 2007 CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL CosmoCaixa Sci Museum, Barcelona, SPAIN SP Inst Space Sci, Inst Estudies Espacials Catalunya HO CosmoCaixa Sci Museum DE bolides; atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves; Revelstoke meteorite AB We have developed a new approach to modeling the acoustic-gravity wave (AGW) radiation from bolide sources. This first effort involves entry modeling of bolide sources that have available satellite data through procedures developed in ReVelle (Earth Moon Planets 95, 441-476, 2004a; in: A. Milani, G. Valsecchi, D. Vokrouhlicky (eds) NEO Fireball Diversity: Energetics-based Entry Modeling and Analysis Techniques, Near-earth Objects: Our Celestial Neighbors (IAU S236), 2007b). Results from the entry modeling are directly coupled to AGW production through line source blast wave theory for the initial wave amplitude and period at x = 10 (at 10 blast wave radii and perpendicular to the trajectory). The second effort involves the prediction of the formation and or dominance of the propagation of the atmospheric Lamb, edge-wave composite mode in a viscous fluid (Pierce, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 35, 1798-1807, 1963) as a function of the source energy, horizontal range and source altitude using the Lamb wave frequency that was deduced directly during the entry modeling and that is used as a surrogate for the source energy. We have also determined that Lamb wave production by bolides at close range decreases dramatically as either the source energy decreases or the source altitude increases. Finally using procedures in Gill (Atmospheric-Ocean Dynamics, 1982) and in Tolstoy (Wave Propagation, 1973), we have analyzed two simple dispersion relationships and have calculated the expected dispersion for the Lamb edge-wave mode and for the excited, propagating internal acoustic waves. Finally, we have used the above formalism to fully evaluate these techniques for four large bolides, namely: the Tunguska bolide of June 30, 1908; the Revelstoke bolide of March 31, 1965; the Crete bolide of June 6, 2002 and the Antarctic bolide of September 3, 2004. Due to page limitations, we will only present results in detail for the Revelstoke bolide. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP ReVelle, DO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM revelle@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9295 J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS JI Earth Moon Planets PD JUN PY 2008 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 345 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s11038-007-9181-3 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 278BQ UT WOS:000254258900049 ER PT J AU Arrowsmith, SJ ReVelle, D Edwards, W Brown, P AF Arrowsmith, Stephen J. ReVelle, Doug Edwards, Wayne Brown, Peter TI Global detection of infrasonic signals from three large bolides SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meteoroids Conference 2007 CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL CosmoCaixa Sci Museum, Barcelona, SPAIN SP Inst Space Sci, Inst Estudies Espacials Catalunya HO CosmoCaixa Sci Museum DE bolide infrasound; meteor detection; International Monitoring System AB We present the infrasonic observations of three large bolides that were observed at numerous International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound arrays on a global scale. First, a simple procedure for the global association of infrasound detections from large infrasound events is outlined. Infrasound signals are associated with large events based on arrival time, backazimuth and uniqueness at a given IMS array. Next, we apply the algorithm to three bolides and investigate some of the factors affecting the detectability of infrasound from large events. Our findings suggest that site-noise effects significantly degrade the capability of the IMS infrasound network, suggesting that more effort is required to reduce ambient site noise. These results have implications for the use of infrasound measurements (in particular those from IMS stations) as a tool for evaluating the global flux of near-Earth objects. C1 [Arrowsmith, Stephen J.; ReVelle, Doug] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Edwards, Wayne; Brown, Peter] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON, Canada. RP Arrowsmith, SJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sarrowsmith@gmail.com NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9295 J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS JI Earth Moon Planets PD JUN PY 2008 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1007/s11038-007-9205-z PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 278BQ UT WOS:000254258900050 ER PT J AU Lassen, KS Bradbur, ARM Rehfeld, JF Heegaard, NHH AF Lassen, Klaus S. Bradbur, Andrew R. M. Rehfeld, Jens F. Heegaard, Niels H. H. TI Microscale characterization of the binding specificity and affinity of a monoclonal antisulfotyrosyl IgG antibody SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE affinity capillary electrophoresis; mAb; specificity CE; surface plasmon resonance; tyrosine sulfation ID CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; SULFATION; MODEL AB Sulfation is a potentially important post-translational modification of proteins and has been demonstrated in a number of polypeptides, notably in gastrointestinal hormones. In contrast to phosphorylation, however, the investigation of sulfation patterns in tissues and on purified proteins has been complicated by the absence of specific immunoreagents (antibodies) for this modification as well as the chemical lability of the sulfate group. Here, we investigate the properties of a novel mAb against sulfated tyrosyl groups (anti-Tyr(SO3H) antibody) using C E and a panel of sulfated and nonsulfated peptides and proteins. The data show that the anti-Tyr(SO3H) antibody is completely specific for compounds containing sulfated tyrosyls. Affinity electrophoresis experiments allowed us to estimate dissociation constants for sulfated hirudin fragment (56-65), gastrin-17, and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) in the 1-3 mu M range. The affinity of the antibody toward complement 4 protein that contains three sulfotyrosines was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance technology and modeled according to a bivalent-binding model which yielded a K-d1 of 20.1 mu M for the monovalent complex. The same binding was studied by CE and found to be in the micromolar scale albeit with some uncertainty due to complex separation patterns. The work illustrates the amount of information on antibody-antigen interactions that may be obtained with microelectrophoretic methods consuming minute quantities of material. Furthermore the specificity of this antibody could be confirmed in one operation using an array of sulfated and nonsulfated compounds. C1 [Lassen, Klaus S.; Heegaard, Niels H. H.] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Autoimmunol & Immunol Dev, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. [Bradbur, Andrew R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Rehfeld, Jens F.] Rigshosp, Dept Clin Biochem 3014, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Lassen, KS (reprint author), Statens Serum Inst, Dept Autoimmunol & Immunol Dev, 81-536,Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. EM ksl@ssi.dk OI Bradbury, Andrew/0000-0002-5567-8172 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2557 EP 2564 DI 10.1002/elps.200700908 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 323XI UT WOS:000257481300013 PM 18494034 ER PT J AU Pruess, K AF Pruess, Karsten TI On production behavior of enhanced geothermal systems with CO2 as working fluid SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE enhanced geothermal systems (EGS); heat transmission; thermal breakthrough; CO2 storage; numerical simulation ID RESERVOIR; SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATURES; MEDIA; FLOW AB Numerical simulation is used to evaluate the mass flow and heat extraction rates from enhanced geothermal injection-production systems that are operated using either CO2 or water as heat transmission fluid. For a model system patterned after the European hot dry rock experiment at Soultz, we find significantly greater heat extraction rates for CO2 as compared to water. The strong dependence of CO2 mobility (=density/viscosity) upon temperature and pressure may lead to unusual production behavior, where heat extraction rates can actually increase for a time, even as the reservoir is subject to thermal depletion. We present the first ever, three-dimensional simulations of CO2 injection-production systems. These show strong effects of gravity on the mass flow and heat extraction due to the large contrast of CO, density between cold injection and hot production conditions. The tendency for preferential flow of cold, dense CO2 along the reservoir bottom can lead to premature thermal breakthrough. The problem can be avoided by producing from only a limited depth interval at the top of the reservoir. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pruess, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM K_Pruess@lbl.gov NR 24 TC 62 Z9 72 U1 6 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1446 EP 1454 DI 10.1016/j.enconman.2007.12.029 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA 306UN UT WOS:000256273400017 ER PT J AU Bird, LA Holt, E Carroll, GL AF Bird, Lori A. Holt, Edward Carroll, Ghita Levenstein TI Implications of carbon cap-and-trade for US voluntary renewable energy markets SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE carbon policy; renewable energy markets; cap-and-trade AB Many consumers today are purchasing renewable energy in large part for the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions benefits that they provide. Emerging carbon regulation in the US has the potential to affect existing markets for renewable energy. Carbon cap-and-trade programs are now under development in the Northeast under the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) and in early stages of development in the West and Midwest. There is increasing discussion about carbon regulation at the national level as well. While renewable energy will likely benefit from carbon cap-and-trade programs because compliance with the cap will increase the costs of fossil fuel generation, cap-and-trade programs can also impact the ability of renewable energy generation to affect overall CO2 emissions levels and obtain value for those emissions benefits. This paper summarizes key issues for renewable energy markets that are emerging with carbon regulation, such as the implications for emissions benefits claims and voluntary market demand and the use of renewable energy certificates (RECs) in multiple markets. It also explores policy options under consideration for designing carbon policies to enable carbon markets and renewable energy markets to work together. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bird, Lori A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Holt, Edward] Ed Holl & Associates Inc, Harpswell, ME 04079 USA. [Carroll, Ghita Levenstein] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. RP Bird, LA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM lori_bird@nrel.gov; edholt@igc.org; Ghita.Carroll@colorado.edu NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 6 BP 2063 EP 2073 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.02.009 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317IP UT WOS:000257013600023 ER PT J AU Sanchez, MC Brown, RE Webber, C Homan, GK AF Sanchez, Marla C. Brown, Richard E. Webber, Carrie Homan, Gregory K. TI Savings estimates for the United States Environmental Protection Agency's ENERGY STAR voluntary product labeling program SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ENERGY STAR; energy efficiency; US greenhouse gas emissions ID MARKET AB ENERGY STAR is a voluntary energy efficiency-labeling program operated jointly by the United States Department of Energy and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Since the program's inception. in 1992, ENERGY STAR has become a leading international brand for energy-efficient products. ENERGY STAR's central role in the development of regional, national, and international energy programs necessitates an open process whereby its program achievements to date as well as projected future savings are shared with committed stakeholders. Through 2006, US EPA'S ENERGY STAR labeled products saved 4.8 EJ of primary energy and avoided 82 Tg C equivalent. We project that US EPA'S ENERGY STAR labeled products will save 12.8 EJ and avoid 203 Tg C equivalent over the period 2007-2015. A sensitivity analysis examining two key inputs (carbon factor and ENERGY STAR unit sales) bounds the best estimate of carbon avoided between 54 and 107 Tg C (1993-2006) and between 132 and 278 Tg C (2007-2015). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sanchez, Marla C.; Brown, Richard E.; Homan, Gregory K.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Webber, Carrie] KEMA Consulting, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. RP Sanchez, MC (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS 90-4000,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MCSanchez@lbl.gov; REBrown@lbl.gov; carrie.webber@kema.com; GKHoman@lbl.gov NR 54 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 6 BP 2098 EP 2108 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.02.021 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317IP UT WOS:000257013600026 ER PT J AU Li, N AF Li, N. TI Size matters: Installed maximal unit size predicts market life cycles of electricity generation technologies and systems SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE electricity generator size; market life cycle; logistic wavelet analysis ID SUBSTITUTION; DYNAMICS; GROWTH; MODEL AB The electricity generation technologies and systems are complex and change in very dynamic fashions, with a multitude of energy sources and prime movers. Since an important concept in generator design is the "economies of scale", we discover that the installed maximal unit size (capacity) of the generators is a key "envelope-pushing" characteristic with logistical behaviors. The logistical wavelet analysis of the max unit sizes for different fuels and prime movers, and the cumulative capacities, reveals universal quantitative features in the aggregate evolution of the power industry. We extract the transition times of the max sizes (spanning 10-90% of the saturation limits) for different technologies and systems, and discover that the max size saturation in the 90-99% range precedes the saturation of cumulative capacities of the corresponding systems in the US. While these universal laws are still empirical, they give us a simple yet elegant framework to examine the evolution of the power industry and markets in predictive, not just descriptive, terms. Such laws give us a quantitative tool to spot trends and predict future development, invaluable in planning and resource allocation based on intrinsic technology and system market life cycles. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, MS H816, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ningli@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 6 BP 2212 EP 2225 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.02.037 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317IP UT WOS:000257013600036 ER PT J AU Sun, X Stephens, EV Khaleel, MA AF Sun, Xin Stephens, Elizabeth V. Khaleel, Mohammad A. TI Effects of fusion zone size and failure mode on peak load and energy absorption of advanced high strength steel spot welds under lap shear loading conditions SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE advanced high strength steels; resistance spot welds; failure mode; failure load; energy absorption AB This paper examines the effects of fusion zone size on failure modes, static strength and energy absorption of resistance spot welds (RSW) of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) under lap shear loading condition. DP800 and TRIP800 spot welds are considered. The main failure modes for spot welds are nugget pullout and interfacial fracture. Partial interfacial fracture is also observed. Static weld strength tests using lap shear samples were performed on the joint populations with various fusion zone sizes. The resulted peak load and energy absorption levels associated with each failure mode were studied for all the weld populations using statistical data analysis tools. The results in this study show that AHSS spot welds with conventionally required fusion zone size of 4 root t cannot produce nugget pullout mode for both the DP800 and TRIP800 welds under lap shear loading. Moreover, failure mode has strong influence on weld peak load and energy absorption for all the DP800 welds and the TRIP800 small welds: welds failed in pullout mode have statistically higher strength and energy absorption than those failed in interfacial fracture mode. For TRIP800 welds above the critical fusion zone level, the influence of weld failure modes on peak load and energy absorption diminishes. Scatter plots of peak load and energy absorption versus weld fusion zone size were then constructed, and the results indicate that fusion zone size is the most critical factor in weld quality in terms of peak load and energy absorption for both DP800 and TRIP800 spot welds. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Xin; Stephens, Elizabeth V.; Khaleel, Mohammad A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sun, X (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, K6-08, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM xin.sun@pnl.gov OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 17 TC 78 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-6307 J9 ENG FAIL ANAL JI Eng. Fail. Anal. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 4 BP 356 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2007.01.018 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 289SJ UT WOS:000255073900012 ER PT J AU Chand, KK Diachin, LF Li, XL Ollivier-Gooch, C Seol, ES Shephard, MS Tautges, T Trease, H AF Chand, Kyle K. Diachin, Lori Freitag Li, Xiaolin Ollivier-Gooch, Carl Seol, E. Seegyoung Shephard, Mark S. Tautges, Timothy Trease, Harold TI Toward interoperable mesh, geometry and field components for PDE simulation development SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article ID 3D; OPTIMIZATION; GENERATION; FRAMEWORK AB Mesh-based PDE simulation codes are becoming increasingly sophisticated and rely on advanced meshing and discretization tools. Unfortunately, it is still difficult to interchange or interoperate tools developed by different communities to experiment with various technologies or to develop new capabilities. To address these difficulties, we have developed component interfaces designed to support the information flow of mesh-based PDE simulations. We describe this information flow and discuss typical roles and services provided by the geometry, mesh, and field components of the simulation. Based on this delineation for the roles of each component, we give a high-level description of the abstract data model and set of interfaces developed by the Department of Energy's Interoperable Tools for Advanced Petascale Simulation (ITAPS) center. These common interfaces are critical to our interoperability goal, and we give examples of several services based upon these interfaces including mesh adaptation and mesh improvement. C1 [Diachin, Lori Freitag] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Applicat Dev & Software Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Chand, Kyle K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Dev & Software Engn, Livermore, CA USA. [Li, Xiaolin] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Ollivier-Gooch, Carl] Univ British Columbia, Adv Numerical Simulat Lab, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Seol, E. Seegyoung; Shephard, Mark S.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Sci Computat Res Ctr, Troy, NY USA. [Tautges, Timothy] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Trease, Harold] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Diachin, LF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Applicat Dev & Software Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM diachin2@llnl.gov RI Ollivier-Gooch, Carl/E-8934-2011 OI Ollivier-Gooch, Carl/0000-0001-6514-058X NR 58 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0177-0667 J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY JI Eng. Comput. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 165 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s00366-007-0080-z PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 292GJ UT WOS:000255254200008 ER PT J AU Jones, IM Burkhart-Schultz, K Strout, CL Nelson, DO AF Jones, Irene M. Burkhart-Schultz, Karolyn Strout, Cheryl L. Nelson, David O. TI Studies of thioguanine-resistant lymphocytes induced by in vivo irradiation of mice SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE somatic; mutation; Hprt; ionizing ID HPRT MUTANT FREQUENCY; ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; FISSION-SPECTRUM NEUTRONS; DEFICIENT T-LYMPHOCYTES; GLYCOPHORIN-A LOCUS; CO-60 GAMMA-RAYS; IONIZING-RADIATION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MOUSE MODEL; 6-THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT LYMPHOCYTES AB The frequency of Hprt-deficient lymphocytes in mice after in vivo gamma irradiation, has been found to vary as a function of time elapsed after exposure and irradiation dose. The frequency of mutant lymphocytes in spleen was determined using an in vitro, clonogenic assay for thioguanine-resistant T-lymphocytes. Mice were exposed to single doses of 0-400 cGy from cesium-137 or to eight daily doses of 50 cGy. The time to maximum-induced mutant frequency was 3 weeks. The dose response was strikingly curvilinear at 3-5 weeks after irradiation, but less precisely defined for 10-53 weeks after exposure, being fit by either linear or quadratic dependence. Three weeks after eight daily 50 cGy exposures, mutant frequency was elevated above controls and mice exposed to 50 cGy (which were not distinct from the nonirradiated controls), but only 17% in that of mice given a single 400 cGy fraction. This fractionation effect and the curvilinearity of the early dose-response curve suggested that saturation of repair increased the yield of mutations at higher acute doses. The decline of spleen mutant frequency in mice observed between 5 and 10 weeks after irradiation may reflect selection against some mutants. The marked variation of mutant frequency, as a function of time after irradiation and of dose rate, emphasize the need to evaluate these variables carefully and consistently in future studies. C1 [Jones, Irene M.; Burkhart-Schultz, Karolyn; Strout, Cheryl L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Nelson, David O.] No California Canc Ctr, Fremantle, WA, Australia. RP Jones, IM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-452,PO 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jones20@llnl.gov NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 5 BP 343 EP 350 DI 10.1002/em.20388 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 318HW UT WOS:000257083200002 PM 18418873 ER PT J AU Shams, M Ahmadi, G Smith, DH AF Shams, Mehrzad Ahmadi, Goodarz Smith, Duane H. TI Sensitivity of flow and sediment transport in meandering rivers to scale effects and flow rate SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sediment transport; meandering river; multiphase flow ID 2-PHASE TURBULENT-FLOW; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; NUMERICAL-MODEL; CHANNEL FLOW; SIMULATION; PLANT; DUCT AB Sensitivity of flow and sediment transport in a meandering river to variations in scaling and flow rate was studied. The FLUENT(TM) code was used for evaluating the river flow characteristics, including the mean velocity field and the Reynolds stress components, as well as for particle trajectory analysis. Particular attention was given to the sensitivity of the sedimentation patterns of different size particles in the river bend for various scales. Simulation studies were performed for both a model river and a physical river. The physical river was geometrically similar to the model river, with a scaling ratio of 1:100, but with identical Froude number. The flow and particle deposition patterns in the physical and model rivers were compared. It was shown that the mean flow quantities exhibit dynamic similarity, but the turbulence parameters and the particle sedimentation features in the physical river were different from the model. The secondary flows and particle transport patterns were also found to be sensitive to variation in the scale and flow rate. C1 [Shams, Mehrzad] KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Tehran, Iran. [Ahmadi, Goodarz] Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Smith, Duane H.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Shams, M (reprint author), KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Pardis St,Mola Sadra St,Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran. EM shams@kntu.ac.ir NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 5 BP 747 EP 756 DI 10.1089/ees.2007.0125 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317UW UT WOS:000257046700014 ER PT J AU Birkholzer, J Tsang, CF AF Birkholzer, Jens Tsang, Chin-Fu TI Introduction to the special issue on site characterization for geological storage of CO(2) SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Birkholzer, Jens; Tsang, Chin-Fu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Birkholzer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov; cftsang@lbl.gov RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011 OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912 NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1579 EP 1581 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0938-9 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700001 ER PT J AU Doughty, C Freifeld, BM Trautz, RC AF Doughty, Christine Freifeld, Barry M. Trautz, Robert C. TI Site characterization for CO(2) geologic storage and vice versa: the Frio brine pilot, Texas, USA as a case study SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geologic carbon dioxide storage; site characterization; multi-phase flow; numerical modeling; Frio Formation ID AQUIFER DISPOSAL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SALINE AQUIFERS; GAS; CONVECTION AB Careful site characterization is critical for successful geologic storage of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) because of the many physical and chemical processes impacting CO(2) movement and containment under field conditions. Traditional site characterization techniques such as geological mapping, geophysical imaging, well logging, core analyses, and hydraulic well testing provide the basis for judging whether or not a site is suitable for CO(2) storage. However, only through the injection and monitoring of CO(2) itself can the coupling between buoyancy flow, geologic heterogeneity, and history-dependent multi-phase flow effects be observed and quantified. CO(2) injection and monitoring can therefore provide a valuable addition to the site-characterization process. Additionally, careful monitoring and verification of CO(2) plume development during the early stages of commercial operation should be performed to assess storage potential and demonstrate permanence. The Frio brine pilot, a research project located in Dayton, Texas (USA) is used as a case study to illustrate the concept of an iterative sequence in which traditional site characterization is used to prepare for CO(2) injection and then CO(2) injection itself is used to further site-characterization efforts, constrain geologic storage potential, and validate understanding of geochemical and hydrological processes. At the Frio brine pilot, in addition to traditional site-characterization techniques, CO(2) movement in the subsurface is monitored by sampling fluid at an observation well, running CO(2)-saturation-sensitive well logs periodically in both injection and observation wells, imaging with crosswell seismic in the plane between the injection and observation wells, and obtaining vertical seismic profiles to monitor the CO(2) plume as it migrates beyond the immediate vicinity of the wells. Numerical modeling plays a central role in integrating geological, geophysical, and hydrological field observations. C1 [Doughty, Christine; Freifeld, Barry M.; Trautz, Robert C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doughty, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cadoughty@lbl.gov RI Freifeld, Barry/F-3173-2010; Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015 NR 49 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1635 EP 1656 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0942-0 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700005 ER PT J AU Daley, TM Myer, LR Peterson, JE Majer, EL Hoversten, GM AF Daley, Thomas M. Myer, Larry R. Peterson, J. E. Majer, E. L. Hoversten, G. M. TI Time-lapse crosswell seismic and VSP monitoring of injected CO(2) in a brine aquifer SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CO(2); sequestration; VSP; crosswell; seismic ID RESERVOIR AB Seismic surveys successfully imaged a small scale CO(2) injection (1,600 ton) conducted in a brine aquifer of the Frio Formation near Houston, Texas. These time-lapse borehole seismic surveys, crosswell and vertical seismic profile (VSP), were acquired to monitor the CO(2) distribution using two boreholes (the new injection well and a pre-existing well used for monitoring) which are 30 m apart at a depth of 1,500 m. The crosswell survey provided a high-resolution image of the CO(2) distribution between the wells via tomographic imaging of the P-wave velocity decrease (up to 500 m/s). The simultaneously acquired S-wave tomography showed little change in S-wave velocity, as expected for fluid substitution. A rock physics model was used to estimate CO(2) saturations of 10-20% from the P-wave velocity change. The VSP survey resolved a large (similar to 70%) change in reflection amplitude for the Frio horizon. This CO(2) induced reflection amplitude change allowed estimation of the CO(2) extent beyond the monitor well and on three azimuths. The VSP result is compared with numerical modeling of CO(2) saturations and is seismically modeled using the velocity change estimated in the crosswell survey. C1 [Daley, Thomas M.; Myer, Larry R.; Peterson, J. E.; Majer, E. L.; Hoversten, G. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Daley, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tmdaley@lbl.gov RI Daley, Thomas/G-3274-2015 OI Daley, Thomas/0000-0001-9445-0843 NR 23 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1657 EP 1665 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0943-z PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700006 ER PT J AU Chiaramonte, L Zoback, MD Friedmann, J Stamp, V AF Chiaramonte, Laura Zoback, Mark D. Friedmann, Julio Stamp, Vicki TI Seal integrity and feasibility of CO(2) sequestration in the Teapot Dome EOR pilot: geomechanical site characterization SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CO(2); geomechanics; natural leakage; fault stability; seal integrity ID STRESS; ORIENTATION; HYDROCARBON; MAGNITUDE; MECHANICS AB This paper reports a preliminary investigation of CO(2) sequestration and seal integrity at Teapot Dome oil field, Wyoming, USA, with the objective of predicting the potential risk of CO(2) leakage along reservoir-bounding faults. CO(2) injection into reservoirs creates anomalously high pore pressure at the top of the reservoir that could potentially hydraulically fracture the caprock or trigger slip on reservoir-bounding faults. The Tensleep Formation, a Pennsylvanian age eolian sandstone is evaluated as the target horizon for a pilot CO(2) EOR-carbon storage experiment, in a three-way closure trap against a bounding fault, termed the S1 fault. A preliminary geomechanical model of the Tensleep Formation has been developed to evaluate the potential for CO(2) injection inducing slip on the S1 fault and thus threatening seal integrity. Uncertainties in the stress tensor and fault geometry have been incorporated into the analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. The authors find that even the most pessimistic risk scenario would require similar to 10 MPa of excess pressure to cause the S1 fault to reactivate and provide a potential leakage pathway. This would correspond to a CO(2) column height of similar to 1,500 m, whereas the structural closure of the Tensleep Formation in the pilot injection area does not exceed 100 m. It is therefore apparent that CO(2) injection is not likely to compromise the S1 fault stability. Better constraint of the least principal stress is needed to establish a more reliable estimate of the maximum reservoir pressure required to hydrofracture the caprock. C1 [Chiaramonte, Laura; Zoback, Mark D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Friedmann, Julio] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Stamp, Vicki] RMOTC, Casper, WY 82601 USA. RP Chiaramonte, L (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, 397 Panama Mall,Room 360, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM chiarlau@pangea.stanford.edu RI Chiaramonte, Laura/H-4360-2012 NR 19 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1667 EP 1675 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0948-7 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700007 ER PT J AU Pruess, K AF Pruess, Karsten TI On CO(2) fluid flow and heat transfer behavior in the subsurface, following leakage from a geologic storage reservoir SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leaky faults; leaky wellbores; CO(2) sequestration; numerical simulation; pneumatic eruption ID MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DISPOSAL; ERUPTIONS; ORIGIN; MONOUN AB Geologic storage of CO(2) is expected to produce plumes of large areal extent, and some leakage may occur along fractures, fault zones, or improperly plugged pre-existing wellbores. A review of physical and chemical processes accompanying leakage suggests a potential for self-enhancement. The numerical simulations presented here confirm this expectation, but reveal self-limiting features as well. It seems unlikely that CO(2) leakage could trigger a high-energy run-away discharge, a so-called "pneumatic eruption," but present understanding is insufficient to rule out this possibility. The most promising avenue for increasing understanding of CO(2) leakage behavior is the study of natural analogues. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pruess, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM K_Pruess@lbl.gov NR 52 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1677 EP 1686 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0945-x PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700008 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, CM AF Oldenburg, Curtis M. TI Screening and ranking framework for geologic CO(2) storage site selection on the basis of health, safety, and environmental risk SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE screening; ranking; geologic CO(2) storage; site selection; HSE AB A screening and ranking framework (SRF) has been developed to evaluate potential geologic carbon dioxide (CO(2)) storage sites on the basis of health, safety, and environmental (HSE) risk arising from CO(2) leakage. The approach is based on the assumption that CO(2) leakage risk is dependent on three basic characteristics of a geologic CO(2) storage site: (1) the potential for primary containment by the target formation; (2) the potential for secondary containment if the primary formation leaks; and (3) the potential for attenuation and dispersion of leaking CO(2) if the primary formation leaks and secondary containment fails. The framework is implemented in a spreadsheet in which users enter numerical scores representing expert opinions or published information along with estimates of uncertainty. Applications to three sites in California demonstrate the approach. Refinements and extensions are possible through the use of more detailed data or model results in place of property proxies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cmoldenburg@lbl.gov RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016 NR 16 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1687 EP 1694 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0947-8 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700009 ER PT J AU Tsang, CF Birkholzer, J Rutqvist, J AF Tsang, Chin-Fu Birkholzer, Jens Rutqvist, Jonny TI A comparative review of hydrologic issues involved in geologic storage of CO(2) and injection disposal of liquid waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHASE FLOW; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SEQUESTRATION; AQUIFERS; SLEIPNER; SITES AB The paper presents a comparison of hydrologic issues and technical approaches used in deep-well injection and disposal of liquid wastes, and those issues and approaches associated with injection and storage of CO(2) in deep brine formations. These comparisons have been discussed in nine areas: injection well integrity; abandoned well problems; buoyancy effects; multiphase flow effects; heterogeneity and flow channeling; multilayer isolation effects; caprock effectiveness and hydromechanics; site characterization and monitoring; effects of CO(2) storage on groundwater resources. There are considerable similarities, as well as significant differences. Scientifically and technically, these two fields can learn much from each other. The discussions presented in this paper should help to focus on the key scientific issues facing deep injection of fluids. A substantial but by no means exhaustive reference list has been provided for further studies into the subject. C1 [Tsang, Chin-Fu; Birkholzer, Jens; Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsang, CF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CFTsang@lbl.gov RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 85 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1723 EP 1737 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0949-6 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700012 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RM Carle, SF Tompson, AFB AF Maxwell, Reed M. Carle, Steven F. Tompson, Andrew F. B. TI Contamination, risk, and heterogeneity: on the effectiveness of aquifer remediation SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITES; GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION; POROUS-MEDIA; ENGINEERING DESIGN; REGULATORY POLICY; METHODOLOGY; MODEL; SIMULATION; MIGRATION; GEOSTATISTICS AB The effectiveness of aquifer remediation is typically expressed in terms of a reduction in contaminant concentrations relative to a regulated maximum contaminant level (MCL), and is usually confirmed by sparse monitoring data and/or simple model calculations. Here, the effectiveness of remediation is re-examined from a more thorough risk-based perspective that goes beyond the traditional MCL concept. A methodology is employed to evaluate the health risk to individuals exposed to contaminated household water that is produced from groundwater. This approach explicitly accounts for differences in risk arising from variability in individual physiology and water use, the uncertainty in estimating chemical carcinogenesis for different individuals, and the uncertainties and variability in contaminant concentrations within groundwater as affected by transport through heterogeneous geologic media. A hypothetical contamination scenario is developed as a case study in a saturated, alluvial aquifer underlying an actual Superfund site. A baseline (unremediated) human exposure and health risk scenario, as induced by contaminated groundwater pumped from this site, is predicted and compared with a similar estimate based upon pump-and-treat exposure intervention. The predicted reduction in risk in the remediation scenario is not an equitable one-that is, it is not uniform to all individuals within a population and varies according to the level of uncertainty in prediction. The importance of understanding the detailed hydrogeologic connections that are established in the heterogeneous geologic regime between the contaminated source, municipal receptors, and remediation wells, and its relationship to this uncertainty is demonstrated. Using two alternative pumping rates, we develop cost-benefit curves based upon reduced exposure and risk to different individuals within the population, under the presence of uncertainty. C1 [Maxwell, Reed M.; Carle, Steven F.; Tompson, Andrew F. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maxwell, RM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Sci Dept, 7000 East Ave,L-208, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM maxwell5@llnl.gov RI Maxwell, Reed/D-7980-2013 OI Maxwell, Reed/0000-0002-1364-4441 NR 55 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1771 EP 1786 DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0955-8 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 304BJ UT WOS:000256084700017 ER PT J AU Burns, FJ Rossman, T Vega, K Uddin, A Vogt, S Lai, B Reeder, RJ AF Burns, Fredric J. Rossman, Toby Vega, Katherine Uddin, Ahmed Vogt, Stefan Lai, Barry Reeder, Richard J. TI Mechanism of selenium-induced inhibition of arsenic-enhanced UVR carcinogenesis in mice SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; cancer; mouse; prevention; radiation; selenium; skin; ultraviolet; UVR ID MOUSE SKIN; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; ARSINIUM ION; ANIMAL-MODEL; CANCER; EXPOSURE; CELLS; COCARCINOGEN; INDUCTION AB BACKGROUND: Hairless mice that ingested arsenite in drinking water exhibited more than a 5-fold enhancement of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) carcinogenesis, whereas arsenite alone was carcinogenically inactive. Dietary organoselenium blocked the cancer enhancement effect of arsenic but not cancer induction by UVR. OBJECTIVE: In this study we sought to explain selenium blockage of As enhancement by establishing the extent that As and Se tissue distributions are coincident or divergent. METHODS: We used the X-ray fluorescence microprobe at the Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratory) to probe sections of skin and liver from hairless mice exposed to a) UVR, b) UVR + As, c) UVR + organoselenium, or d) UVR + As + organoselenium. RESULTS: We found elevated levels of As in the skin epithelium (hair follicles and epidermis) and diffusely in the liver of mice exposed to UVR + As. Arsenic was entirely absent in skin in mice exposed to UVR + As + organoselenium, but a diffuse low level was seen in the liver. As and Se locations were consistently divergent in skin; As was more diffusely distributed, whereas Se was strongly associated with membranes. X-ray absorption near-edge spectra are consistent with the presence of the seleno-bis(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion in the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental Se was uncommonly effective at preventing even a trace of As in skin at 14 or 196 days of continuous exposure to As in drinking water. Traces of the seleno-bis(S- glutathionyl) arsinium ion in the liver suggested that formation of this compound was more likely to be responsible for the As-blocking effect of Se than was a mechanism based on antioxidation. C1 [Burns, Fredric J.; Rossman, Toby; Vega, Katherine; Uddin, Ahmed] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Vogt, Stefan; Lai, Barry] Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Reeder, Richard J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Ctr Environm Mol Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Burns, FJ (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM burns@env.med.nyu.edu RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013; OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Burns, Fredric/0000-0003-1986-4514 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA16087, P30 CA016087]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00260, P30 ES000260] NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 116 IS 6 BP 703 EP 708 DI 10.1289/ehp.10978 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 306NC UT WOS:000256254100020 PM 18560523 ER PT J AU Kwit, C Collins, B AF Kwit, Charles Collins, Beverly TI Native grasses as a management alternative on vegetated closure caps SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE arrested succession; landfill caps; oldfield succession; remediation; turf management ID OLD-FIELD; INVASION; GROWTH; SOIL; REPRODUCTION; COMPETITION; SUCCESSION; LANDFILL AB Capped waste sites often are vegetated with commercial turf grasses to increase evapotranspiration and prevent erosion and possible exposure of the barrier. Fertilizer, frequent watering, and mowing may be required to establish the turf grass and prevent invasion by trees and shrubs. Oldfield vegetation of grasses and forbs is a possible sustainable alternative to turf grass communities. To determine if oldfield vegetation can establish on caps, we (1) compared establishment of a dominant oldfield grass and a commercial turf grass under different combinations of new closure cap management: spring or summer planting and presence or absence of amendments to alleviate drought (watering, mulch) or increase soil fertility (fertilizer, lime, a nitrogen-fixing legume); (2) surveyed existing caps to determine if oldfield species establish naturally; and (3) performed a greenhouse experiment to compare growth of two native grasses under low and amended (added water, soil nutrients) conditions. Both the commercial grass and oldfield species established under new cap conditions; fertilizer, water, and mulch improved vegetation establishment in spring or summer, but legumes decreased grass cover. In the greenhouse, both native grasses grew best with amendments; however, substantial stem and root length were obtained with no fertilizer and only once-weekly watering. Existing vegetated caps supported planted grasses and naturally established oldfield species. Overall, the results indicate native grasses can establish on new caps and oldfields can serve as a management model; further work is needed to determine the management strategy to maintain herbaceous vegetation and slow woody species invasion. C1 [Kwit, Charles; Collins, Beverly] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Kwit, C (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Bot, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM kwitc@muohio.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 41 IS 6 BP 929 EP 936 DI 10.1007/s00267-008-9090-x PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 303PX UT WOS:000256054000012 PM 18286331 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, R Okamoto, RA Maddalena, RL Kado, NY AF Kobayashi, Reiko Okamoto, Robert A. Maddalena, Randy L. Kado, Norman Y. TI Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible grain: A pilot study of agricultural crops as a human exposure pathway for environmental contaminants using wheat as a model crop SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE naphthalene; PAHs; GC-MS; dietary exposure; cancer risk ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; PAHS; BIOCONCENTRATION; CHEMICALS; PRODUCTS; CHAMBER; LETTUCE; AREA; DIET; SITE AB The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in a pilot study of field wheat grain as a model indicator for environmental contamination. The edible grain would serve as a portal for human exposure. Wheat grain was initially studied since it is one of the major food crops consumed internationally by many including infants and children. Wheat grain samples from five different geographical growing locations in California that span approximately 450 kin were collected during the same growing season. The same variety of grain was harvested and analyzed for PAHs that ranged from 2- to 6-rings. PAHs were detected in all grain samples and were mainly 2- to 4-ring PAHs with naphthalene the most abundant among them. There were geographical differences in the levels of PAHs in the grain. The sources of the PAHs were not known in this pilot study, but the principal component analysis indicates that the major source is similar in all locations except for naphthalene. Grain naphthalene concentrations may reflect local naphthalene emissions. Diesel-fueled harvesting operations did not appear to contribute to the observed PAH concentrations in the grain. An estimate of naphthalene intake from eating grain compared to inhalation intake demonstrated the potential importance of field contamination of grain as a possible portal of human exposure. The relationship between PAH concentrations in grain and air should be quantitatively investigated to better quantitate exposure and to identify effective measures to lower the risk from PAH exposure through eating grain. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kobayashi, Reiko; Kado, Norman Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Okamoto, Robert A.; Kado, Norman Y.] Air Resources Board, Calif EPA, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Maddalena, Randy L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kobayashi, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rkobayashi@ucdavis.edu NR 30 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 107 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2007.11.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 307PQ UT WOS:000256331200002 PM 18295196 ER PT J AU Thrash, JC Coates, JD AF Thrash, J. Cameron Coates, John D. TI Review: Direct and indirect electrical stimulation of microbial metabolism SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BIOFILM-ELECTRODE REACTOR; IRON-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; HYDROGEN-DEPENDENT DENITRIFICATION; ACETONE-BUTANOL FERMENTATION; AMPEROMETRIC CULTURE-SYSTEM; GLUTAMIC ACID FERMENTATION; HIGH-STRENGTH NITRATE; REDUCED NEUTRAL RED; THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS; CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM AB All organisms require an electron donor and acceptor, frequently in chemical form, but an elegant alternative is to supply these via direct electrochemical means. Electricity has been used to stimulate microbial metabolism for over 50 years. Since the first report of oxygenating media using anodic oxygen generation from electrolysis in 1956, researchers have made use of applied power systems to supply energy for microbial respiratory processes from fermentations to anaerobic reduction of toxic pollutants. Bioelectrical reactors (BERs) have been utilized for culturing organisms, influencing metabolite production, and biotransformation of a wide array of compounds. Both enrichment and pure cultures have been cultivated in the presence of applied current, showcasing the applicative diversity of these systems. As the need for more environmentally conscious solutions to waste-treatment, remediation and cultivation efforts increases, systems that supply energy to microorganisms without chemical amendment are becoming more attractive. Additionally, the essential flexibility of BERs offers an almost unlimited range of solutions for metabolic stimulation and downstream application. C1 [Coates, John D.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thrash, J. Cameron; Coates, John D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Coates, JD (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcoates@nature.berkeley.edu OI Thrash, Cameron/0000-0003-0896-9986 NR 113 TC 121 Z9 128 U1 18 U2 174 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 11 BP 3921 EP 3931 DI 10.1021/es702668w PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 306UW UT WOS:000256274300008 PM 18589946 ER PT J AU Bhangar, S Cowlin, SC Singer, BC Sextro, RG Nazaroff, WW AF Bhangar, Seema Cowlin, Shannon C. Singer, Brett C. Sextro, Richard G. Nazaroff, William W. TI Ozone levels in passenger cabins of commercial aircraft on North American and transoceanic routes SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INITIATED CHEMISTRY; AMBIENT OZONE; AIR-QUALITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; YOUNG-ADULTS; EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY; PRODUCTS; FLIGHTS AB Ozone levels in airplane cabins, and factors that influence them,were studied on northern hemisphere commercial passenger flights on domestic U.S., transatlantic, and transpacific routes. Real-time data from 76 flights were collected in 2006-2007 with a battery-powered UV photometric monitor. Sample mean ozone level, peak-hour ozone level, and flight-integrated ozone exposures were highly variable across domestic segments (N = 68), with ranges of < 1.5 to 146 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), 3-275 ppbv, and < 1.5 to 488 ppbv-hour, respectively. On planes equipped with ozone catalysts, the mean peak-hour ozone level (4.7 ppbv, N= 22)was substantially lower than on planes not equipped with catalysts (47 ppbv, N = 46). Peak-hour ozone levels on eight transoceanic flight segments, all on planes equipped with ozone catalysts, were in the range < 1.5 to 58 ppbv. Seasonal variation on domestic routes without converters is reasonably modeled by a sinusoidal curve that predicts peak-hour levels to be approximately 70 ppbv higher in Feb-March than in Aug-Sept The temporal trend is broadly consistent with expectations, given the seasonal cycle in tropopause height Episodically elevated (> 100 ppbv) ozone levels on domestic flights were associated with winter-spring storms that are linked to enhanced exchange between the lower stratosphere and the upper troposphere. C1 [Bhangar, Seema; Cowlin, Shannon C.; Nazaroff, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Singer, Brett C.; Sextro, Richard G.; Nazaroff, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Singer, Brett C.; Sextro, Richard G.; Nazaroff, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Atomspher Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nazaroff, WW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu RI Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008 OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 11 BP 3938 EP 3943 DI 10.1021/es702967k PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 306UW UT WOS:000256274300010 PM 18589948 ER PT J AU Chowell, G Miller, MA Viboud, C AF Chowell, G. Miller, M. A. Viboud, C. TI Seasonal influenza in the United States, France, and Australia: transmission and prospects for control SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA; HONG-KONG; MORTALITY; VACCINATION; IMPACT; CHILDREN; POPULATION; DYNAMICS; SPREAD AB Recurrent epidemics of influenza are observed seasonally around the world with considerable health and economic consequences. A key quantity for the control of infectious diseases is the reproduction number, which measures the transmissibility of a pathogen and determines the magnitude of public health interventions necessary to control epidemics. Here we applied a simple epidemic model to weekly indicators Of influenza mortality to estimate the reproduction numbers of seasonal influenza epidemics spanning three decades in the United States, France, and Australia.. We found similar distributions of reproduction number estimates in the three countries, with mean Value 1 center dot 3 and important year-to-year variability (range 0 center dot 9-2 center dot 1). Estimates derived from two different mortality indicators (pneumonia and influenza excess deaths and influenza-specific deaths) were in close agreement for the United States (correlation=0 center dot 61, P<0 center dot 001) and France (correlation =07 center dot 9, P<0 center dot 001), but not Australia. Interestingly, high prevalence of A/H3N2 influenza viruses was associated with high transmission seasons (P=0 center dot 006), while B Viruses were more prevalent in low transmission seasons (P = 0 center dot 004). The Current vaccination strategy targeted at people at highest risk of severe disease Outcome IS suboptimal because Current vaccines are poorly immunogenic in these Population groups. Our results Suggest that interrupting transmission of seasonal influenza would require a relatively high vaccination coverage (>60 in healthy individuals who respond well to vaccine, in addition to periodic re-vaccination due to evolving viral antigens and waning Population immunity. C1 [Chowell, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Miller, M. A.; Viboud, C.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Chowell, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM chowell@lanl.gov RI Chowell, Gerardo/A-4397-2008; Chowell, Gerardo/F-5038-2012 OI Chowell, Gerardo/0000-0003-2194-2251 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX This study was funded by the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. NR 73 TC 120 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 136 IS 6 BP 852 EP 864 DI 10.1017/S0950268807009144 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 348GH UT WOS:000259198500013 PM 17634159 ER PT J AU McLain, SE Soper, AK Watts, A AF McLain, Sylvia E. Soper, Alan K. Watts, Anthony TI Water structure around dipeptides in aqueous solutions SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Proteins at Work 2007 CY MAY 28-30, 2007 CL Perugia, ITALY DE neutron diffraction; peptides in solution ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SOLVATION SHELL; HYDRATION; PROTEINS; CONFORMATION; IONS; MACROMOLECULES; MODEL AB The bulk water structure around small peptide fragments-glycyl-L-alanine, glycyl-L-proline and L-alanyl-L-proline-has been determined by a combination of neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution and empirical potential structural refinement techniques. The addition of each of the dipeptides to water gives rise to decreased water-water coordination in the surrounding water solvent. Additionally, both the O(w)-O(w) radial distribution functions and the water-water spatial density functions in all of the solutions indicate an electrostrictive effect in the second water coordination shell of the bulk water network. This effect is not observed in similar experiments on the amino acid L-proline alone in solution, which is one component of two of the peptides measured here. C1 [McLain, Sylvia E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McLain, Sylvia E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biophys Mol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Soper, Alan K.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Watts, Anthony] Univ Oxford, Dept Biochem, Oxford OX1 3QU, England. RP McLain, SE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mclainse@ornl.gov OI McLain, Sylvia/0000-0002-3347-7759 NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 BP 647 EP 655 DI 10.1007/s00249-008-0292-1 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 313QK UT WOS:000256754900014 PM 18330556 ER PT J AU Andersson, LL Rudolph, D Johansson, EK Torres, DA Carlsson, BG Ragnarsson, I Andreoiu, C Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Charity, RJ Chiara, CJ Ekman, J Fahlander, C Hoel, C Pechenaya, OL Reviol, W du Rietz, R Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Sobotka, LG Yu, CH Zhu, S AF Andersson, L. -L. Rudolph, D. Johansson, E. K. Torres, D. A. Carlsson, B. G. Ragnarsson, I. Andreoiu, C. Baktash, C. Carpenter, M. P. Charity, R. J. Chiara, C. J. Ekman, J. Fahlander, C. Hoel, C. Pechenaya, O. L. Reviol, W. du Rietz, R. Sarantites, D. G. Seweryniak, D. Sobotka, L. G. Yu, C. H. Zhu, S. TI Extensive gamma-ray spectroscopy of normally and superdeformed structures in Cu-61(29)32 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID FUSION-EVAPORATION REACTIONS; HIGH ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; SHELL-MODEL; HIGH-SPIN; ROTATIONAL BANDS; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; CHANNEL-SELECTION; STATES; CU-61; COLLECTIVITY AB A largely extended experimental knowledge of the Cu-61(29)32 nucleus has been obtained from three experiments. Excited states in Cu-61 were produced via the fusion-evaporation reaction Si-28(Ar-36, 3p)Cu-61. In addition to the Ge array GAMMASPHERE, neutron and charged-particle detectors placed around the target position were used for high-performance particle spectroscopy. The constructed level scheme includes more than 160 energy levels and 320 gamma-ray transitions belonging to both normally deformed as well as superdeformed rotational structures. The multipolarities have been determined for the gamma-ray transitions and as a result spin-parity assignments are given for nearly all energy levels. Experimental results in the normally deformed region are compared with predictions from large-scale shell model calculations. The collective structures are compared with results from cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations. The results reveal the need to modify the standard Nilsson parameters in the mass A similar to 60 region. C1 [Andersson, L. -L.; Rudolph, D.; Johansson, E. K.; Ekman, J.; Fahlander, C.; du Rietz, R.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Torres, D. A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Fis, Bogota, Colombia. [Carlsson, B. G.; Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Andreoiu, C.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Baktash, C.; Yu, C. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Seweryniak, D.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Charity, R. J.; Chiara, C. J.; Hoel, C.; Pechenaya, O. L.; Reviol, W.; Sarantites, D. G.; Sobotka, L. G.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Andersson, LL (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM lise-lotte.andersson@nuclear.lu.se RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Ekman, Jorgen/C-1385-2013; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Charity, Robert/0000-0003-3020-4998 NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 251 EP 278 DI 10.1140/epja/i2008-10590-9 PG 28 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 319EA UT WOS:000257145700002 ER PT J AU Ramalho, G Pena, MT Gross, F AF Ramalho, G. Pena, M. T. Gross, F. TI A covariant model for the nucleon and the Delta SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; 3-BODY BOUND-STATE; DELTA(1232) RESONANCE; BARYON RESONANCES; EXCHANGE MODEL; ELECTROPRODUCTION; TRANSITION; SCATTERING; EQUATIONS; ENERGY AB The covariant spectator formalism is used to model the nucleon and the Delta(1232) as a system of three constituent quarks with their own electromagnetic structure. The definition of the "fixed-axis" polarization states for the diquark emitted from the initial-state vertex and absorbed into the final-state vertex is discussed. The helicity sum over those states is evaluated and seen to be covariant. Using this approach, all four electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, together with the magnetic form factor, G(M)*, for the gamma N -> Delta transition, can be described using manifestly covariant nucleon and Delta wave functions with zero orbital angular momentum L, but a successful description of G(M)* near Q(2) = 0 requires the addition of a pion cloud term not included in the class of valence quark models considered here. We also show that the pure S-wave model gives electric, G(E)*, and Coulomb, G(C)*, transition form factors that are identically zero, showing that these form factors are sensitive to wave function components with L > 0. C1 [Ramalho, G.; Gross, F.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Ramalho, G.; Pena, M. T.] Ctr Fis Teor Particulas, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Pena, M. T.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Dept Phys, Inst Super Tecn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gross, F.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. RP Ramalho, G (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM ramalho@jlab.org; teresa@cftp.ist.utl.pt; gross@jlab.org RI Pena, Teresa/M-4683-2013; OI Pena, Teresa/0000-0002-3529-2408; Ramalho, Gilberto/0000-0002-9930-659X NR 74 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 329 EP 348 DI 10.1140/epja/i2008-10599-0 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 319EA UT WOS:000257145700008 ER PT J AU Bettencourt, LMA Lobo, J West, GB AF Bettencourt, L. M. A. Lobo, J. West, G. B. TI Why are large cities faster? Universal scaling and self-similarity in urban organization and dynamics SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID INCREASING RETURNS; GENERAL-MODEL; POPULATION; GROWTH; LIFE; PACE; BIOLOGY; ORIGIN; LAWS AB Cities have existed since the beginning of civilization and have always been intimately connected with humanity's cultural and technological development. Much about the human and social dynamics that takes place is cities is intuitively recognizable across time, space and culture; yet we still do not have a clear cut answer as to why cities exist or to what factors are critical to make them thrive or collapse. Here, we construct an extensive quantitative characterization of the variation of many urban indicators with city size, using large data sets for American, European and Chinese cities. We show that social and economic quantities, characterizing the creation of wealth and new ideas, show increasing returns to population scale, which appear quantitatively as a power law of city size with an exponent beta similar or equal to 1.15 > 1. Concurrently, quantities characterizing material infrastructure typically show economies of scale, namely beta similar or equal to 0.8 < 1. The existence of pervasive scaling relations across city size suggests a universal social dynamics common to all cities within an urban system. We sketch some of their general ingredients, which include the acceleration of social life and a restructuring of individual social networks as cities grow larger. We also build simple dynamical models to show that increasing returns in wealth and innovation can fuel faster than exponential growth, which inexorably lead to crises of urban organization. To avoid them we show that growth may proceed in cycles, separated by major urban adaptations, with the unintended consequence that the duration of such cycles decreases with larger urban population size and is now estimated to be shorter than a human lifetime. C1 [Bettencourt, L. M. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87501 USA. [Lobo, J.] Arizona State Univ, Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Bettencourt, L. M. A.; West, G. B.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Bettencourt, LMA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-7 MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87501 USA. EM lmbett@lanl.gov; Jose.Lobo@asu.edu; gbw@santafe.edu NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 63 IS 3 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2008-00250-6 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321UY UT WOS:000257333200002 ER PT J AU Wang, P Cotanch, SR General, IJ AF Wang, Ping Cotanch, Stephen R. General, Ignacio J. TI Meson and tetra-quark mixing SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID GLUEBALL; HYBRID; F(0)(1710); F(0)(1500); F(0)(1370); LIGHT AB The mixing between q (q) over bar meson and q (q) over barq (q) over bar tetra-quark states is examined within an effective QCD Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian model. Mixing matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are computed and then diagonalized yielding an improved prediction for the low-lying J(PC)=0(+/-+),1(--) isoscalar spectra. Mixing effects were found significant for the scalar hadrons but not for the 1(--) states, which is consistent with the ideal mixing of vector mesons. A perturbative assessment of the exact QCD kernel is also reported. C1 [Wang, Ping; Cotanch, Stephen R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Ping] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [General, Ignacio J.] Duquesne Univ, Bayer Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ijgeneral@gmail.com RI General, Ignacio/F-7089-2011 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0605-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 307NH UT WOS:000256325100006 ER PT J AU Hegde, P Karsch, F Laermann, E Shcheredin, S AF Hegde, P. Karsch, F. Laermann, E. Shcheredin, S. TI Lattice cut-off effects and their reduction in studies of QCD thermodynamics at non-zero temperature and chemical potential SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID CONTINUUM-LIMIT; PERTURBATION-THEORY; CHIRAL FERMIONS; GAUGE-THEORIES; CONSTRUCTION AB We clarify the relation between the improvement of dispersion relations in the fermion sector of lattice regularized QCD and the improvement of bulk thermodynamic observables. We show that in the infinite temperature limit the cut-off dependence in dispersion relations can be eliminated up to O(a(n)) corrections, if the quark propagator is chosen to be rotationally invariant up to this order. In bulk thermodynamic observables this eliminates cut-off effects up to the same order at vanishing as well as non-vanishing chemical potential. We furthermore show that in the infinite temperature, ideal gas limit the dependence of finite cut-off corrections on the chemical potential is given by Bernoulli polynomials which are universal as they do not depend on a particular discretization scheme. We explicitly calculate leading and next-to-leading order cut-off corrections for some staggered and Wilson fermion type actions and compare these with exact evaluations of the free fermion partition functions. This also includes the chirally invariant overlap and domain wall fermion formulations. C1 [Hegde, P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. [Hegde, P.; Karsch, F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Karsch, F.; Laermann, E.; Shcheredin, S.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Hegde, P (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. EM edwin@physik.uni-bielefeld.de NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 423 EP 437 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0613-7 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 307NH UT WOS:000256325100008 ER PT J AU Arleo, F Tram, VN AF Arleo, F. Tram, V. -N. TI A systematic study of J/psi suppression in cold nuclear matter SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID SHORT-DISTANCE ANALYSIS; HEAVY-QUARK SYSTEMS; J-PSI-SUPPRESSION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; CHARMONIUM PHOTOPRODUCTION; GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE; GEV/C AB Understanding the effects of cold nuclear matter on J/psi production is a key requirement for interpreting the J/psi suppression reported in heavy-ion collisions. Based on a Glauber model, the J/psi-nucleon inelastic cross section is determined from a statistical analysis of the J/psi world data on nuclear targets. The global fit of all data gives sigma(J/psi N) = 3.4 +/- 0.2 mb, significantly smaller than previous estimates, yet the chi(2) of the fit is pretty large, chi(2)/ndf=1.5. A similar value, sigma(J/psi N) = 3.5 +/- 0.2 +/- 1.7 mb, is obtained when the De Florian-Sassot modifications of the nuclear parton densities are included in the analysis, although we emphasise that the present uncertainties on gluon (anti-) shadowing do not allow for a precise determination of sigma(J/psi N). Finally, the possible energy dependence of the J/psi-nucleon inelastic cross section is investigated within this framework. No significant energy dependence of the J/psi-N interaction is observed. C1 [Arleo, F.] CERN, Div TH, Dept PH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Arleo, F.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, UMR 5108, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Theor, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Tram, V. -N.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Tram, V. -N.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arleo, F (reprint author), CERN, Div TH, Dept PH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM arleo@cern.ch NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 449 EP 461 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0604-8 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 307NH UT WOS:000256325100010 ER PT J AU Zuo, JX Chen, JY Cai, XZ Ma, YG Liu, F Sorensen, P Tang, AH Huang, HZ Chen, JH Ma, GL Zhong, C AF Zuo, J. X. Chen, J. Y. Cai, X. Z. Ma, Y. G. Liu, F. Sorensen, P. Tang, A. H. Huang, H. Z. Chen, J. H. Ma, G. L. Zhong, C. TI Partonic effect on anisotropic flows of Omega baryon for Au+Au at 62.4 and 200 GeV/c SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PHI-MESON PRODUCTION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVITY; CASCADES; MODEL AB The elliptic flow upsilon(2) and the fourth order anisotropic flow upsilon(4) of (Omega + (Omega) over bar) have been studied in the framework a parton-hadronic transport model, namely a multi-phase transport (AMPT) model, for Au-197 + Au-197 collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV. The transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse kinetic energy (m(T) - m(0)) dependence of upsilon(2) and upsilon(4) are presented. The calculation in the AMPT model seems consistent with the STAR data. The results show that the upsilon(2) of (Omega + (Omega) over bar) in 200 GeV obeys the constituent quark number scaling that has been observed for other mesons and baryons. Comparison of (Omega + (Omega) over bar) elliptic flow upsilon(2) in the default version of AMPT, the melting version of AMPT and the RQMD model calculation, shows that the parton cascade process is important to reproduce the sizeable upsilon(2), and the string melting AMPT model preferably reproduces (Omega + (Omega) over bar) elliptic flow upsilon(2) in Au-197 + Au-197 collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 200 GeV. The upsilon(2) of (Omega + (Omega) over bar) in the 62.4 and 200 GeV collisions seem similar, and the pT dependence of (Omega + (Omega) over bar) baryons' upsilon(4) in 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV looks also similar in the string melting AMPT model, which indicates that a similar partonic matter phase has been reached in both energies. C1 [Zuo, J. X.; Cai, X. Z.; Ma, Y. G.; Chen, J. H.; Ma, G. L.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Div Nucl Phys, Shanghai Inst Appl Sci, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. Y.; Liu, F.] Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Huang, H. Z.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Zuo, JX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Div Nucl Phys, Shanghai Inst Appl Sci, POB 800-204, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. EM zuojiaxu@sinap.ac.cn; xzcai@sinap.ac.cn; ygma@sinap.ac.cn RI Ma, Guo-Liang/B-4166-2012 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0609-3 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 307NH UT WOS:000256325100011 ER PT J AU Barkey, ME Turgeon, MC Nare, TV AF Barkey, M. E. Turgeon, M. C. Nare, T. Varun TI Buckling of stiffened thin-walled truncated cones subjected to external pressure SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE cellular buckling; external pressure; conical shell; transmission line; stiffened shell ID CONICAL SHELLS AB The results of external air pressure buckling tests of thin-walled, truncated conical steel shells are presented, along with a description of the equipment developed for the testing program. The testing was conducted in support of Sandia National Laboratories Z-Pinch Inertial Fusion Energy Proof-of-Principle power plant design. Optimized stiffening ring locations were determined by using the finite element method, and were then tested, indicating an experimental improvement in initial buckling pressure of more than 300% over the unstiffened cone. An analytical method of determining buckling pressures of stiffened conical shells is also presented, based on the method of the equivalent cylindrical shell. The results of the analytical method agreed very closely to the finite element method for the stiffened cones, but are 20-40% higher than the experimental results. C1 [Barkey, M. E.; Nare, T. Varun] Univ Alabama, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Turgeon, M. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Syst & Struct Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Barkey, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM mbarkey@eng.ua.edu NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 48 IS 3 BP 281 EP 291 DI 10.1007/s11340-007-9080-6 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 305QY UT WOS:000256194100003 ER PT J AU Li, J McAllister, JP Shen, YM Wagshul, ME Miller, JM Egnor, MR Johnston, MG Haacke, EM Walker, ML AF Li, Jie McAllister, James P., II Shen, Yimin Wagshul, Mark E. Miller, Janet M. Egnor, Michael R. Johnston, Miles G. Haacke, E. Mark Walker, Marion L. TI Communicating hydrocephalus in adult rats with kaolin obstruction of the basal cisterns or the cortical subarachnoid space SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrocephalus; communicating hydrocephalus; kaolin; rat; basal cisterns; subarachnoid space; magnetic resonance imaging; cerebral ventricles ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID TRANSPORT; CONGENITAL-HYDROCEPHALUS; TRANSGENIC MICE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AXONAL DAMAGE; MODEL; ABSORPTION; PRESSURE; MOUSE; INDUCTION AB Communicating hydrocephalus (CH) occurs frequently, but clinically-relevant animal models amenable to diagnostic imaging and cerebrospinal fluid shunting are not available. In order to develop and characterize models of subarachnoid space (SAS) obstruction at the basal cisterns (BC) or cerebral convexities (CX), 25% kaolin was injected in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats following halothane anesthesia; intact- or saline-injected animals served as controls. For BC animals (n=28 hydrocephalics, n=20 controls), an anterior approach to the Cl-clivus interval was employed and 30 VI of kaolin or saline was injected. For CX injections (n=13 hydrocephalics, n=3 controls), 50-60 mu l of kaolin was injected bilaterally after separating the partitions in the SAS. In BC-injected rats, kaolin was observed grossly in the basal cisterns but not in the cisterna magna or at the foramina of Luschka, indicating that communicating (or extra-ventricular) - not obstructive - hydrocephalus had been induced. Following ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of gadolinium injected into the lateral ventricle also demonstrated CSF flow from the foramina of Luschka. MRI also revealed that ventriculomegaly progressed steadily in BC animals and by 2 weeks post-kaolin the mean Evan's ratio (frontal horn) increased significantly (mean 0.45 compared to 0.31 in intact- and 0.34 in saline-injected controls; p < 0.001 for each). CX animals exhibited kaolin deposits covering approximately 80% of the cerebral hemispheres and developed noticeable ventriculomegaly (mean Evan's ratio 0.40), which was significant relative to intact animals (p = 0.011) but not saline-injected controls. Surprisingly, ventriculomegaly following CX injections was less severe and much more protracted, requiring 3-4 months to develop compared to ventriculomegaly produced by BC obstruction. No hydrocephalic animals demonstrated obvious neurological deficits, but BC-injected animals that subsequently developed more severe ventriculomegaly exhibited nasal discharges and "coughing" for several days following kaolin injection. The new BC model is relevant because the clinical presentation of CH in children is often associated with obstruction at this site, while the CX model may be more representative of late adult onset normal pressure hydrocephalus. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [McAllister, James P., II; Walker, Marion L.] Univ Utah, Primary Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Neurosurg, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Li, Jie; McAllister, James P., II; Miller, Janet M.] Childrens Hosp Michigan, Dept Pediat Neurosurg, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Shen, Yimin; Haacke, E. Mark] Wayne State Univ, Dept Radiol, Detroit, MI USA. [Shen, Yimin; Haacke, E. Mark] Wayne State Univ, Magnet Resonance Res Facil, Detroit, MI USA. [Wagshul, Mark E.; Egnor, Michael R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Egnor, Michael R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Neurosurg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Johnston, Miles G.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Neurosci Res Program, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. RP McAllister, JP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Primary Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Neurosurg, 175 N Med Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM pat.mcallister@hsc.utah.edu NR 62 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 211 IS 2 BP 351 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.12.030 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 306UH UT WOS:000256272800007 PM 18433747 ER PT J AU Kyrpides, N AF Kyrpides, N. TI Genomics, evolution and evolution of genomics SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE C1 [Kyrpides, N.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Genome Biol Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 275 SU 1 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311XI UT WOS:000256633300030 ER PT J AU Katsaveli, K Tsiamis, G Ntougias, S Kyrpides, N Piceno, Y Andersen, G Bourtzis, K AF Katsaveli, K. Tsiamis, G. Ntougias, S. Kyrpides, N. Piceno, Y. Andersen, G. Bourtzis, K. TI Microbial community shifts during the annual operation of Messolonghi solar saltern, Greece SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE C1 [Katsaveli, K.; Tsiamis, G.; Bourtzis, K.] Univ Ioannina, Biochem & Mol Biol Lab, Dept Environm & Nat Resources Management, Agrinion, Greece. [Ntougias, S.] Natl Agr Res Fdn, Inst Kalamata, Kalamata, Greece. [Kyrpides, N.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Genome Biol Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Piceno, Y.; Andersen, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Piceno, Yvette/I-6738-2016; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699; Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 275 SU 1 BP 282 EP 282 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311XI UT WOS:000256633300961 ER PT J AU Skandalis, N Spanou, Z Mavrakis, T Saloustrou, K Xenos, C Theophilou, S Piceno, Y Kouvarakis, A Andersen, G Stefanou, E Panopoulos, NJ AF Skandalis, N. Spanou, Z. Mavrakis, T. Saloustrou, K. Xenos, C. Theophilou, S. Piceno, Y. Kouvarakis, A. Andersen, G. Stefanou, E. Panopoulos, N. J. TI Bacterial species isolated from untreated olive mill wastewaters reduce its toxic load and produce high added value antioxidants SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE C1 [Skandalis, N.; Spanou, Z.; Saloustrou, K.; Xenos, C.; Panopoulos, N. J.] Univ Crete, Dept Biol, Iraklion, Greece. [Skandalis, N.; Theophilou, S.; Panopoulos, N. J.] Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Iraklion, Greece. [Mavrakis, T.; Kouvarakis, A.; Stefanou, E.] Univ Crete, Dept Chem, Iraklion, Greece. [Piceno, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RI Piceno, Yvette/I-6738-2016; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699; Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 275 SU 1 BP 363 EP 363 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311XI UT WOS:000256633301265 ER PT J AU Kallimanis, A Kavakiotis, K Kyrpides, NC Drainas, C Koukkou, AI AF Kallimanis, A. Kavakiotis, K. Kyrpides, N. C. Drainas, C. Koukkou, A. -I. TI Identification of two 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenase genes in Arthrobacter sp strain Sphe3 SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE C1 [Kallimanis, A.; Kavakiotis, K.; Drainas, C.; Koukkou, A. -I.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Chem, Ioannina, Greece. [Kyrpides, N. C.] Joint Genome Inst, Genome Biol Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 275 SU 1 BP 409 EP 409 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311XI UT WOS:000256633301442 ER PT J AU Keller, M Schimel, DS Hargrove, WW Hoffman, FM AF Keller, Michael Schimel, David S. Hargrove, William W. Hoffman, Forrest M. TI A continental strategy for the National Ecological Observatory Network SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANTHROPOCENE; DELINEATION; ECOREGIONS; ERA C1 [Keller, Michael; Schimel, David S.] NEON Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Hargrove, William W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Keller, M (reprint author), NEON Inc, Boulder, CO USA. RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 NR 10 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 7 U2 43 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.1890/1540-9295(2008)6[282:ACSFTN]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900010 ER PT J AU Guo, JQ Wang, XW Geohegan, DB Eres, G AF Guo, Jiaqi Wang, Xinwei Geohegan, David B. Eres, Gyula TI THERMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTI-WALL CARBON NANOTUBE BUNDLES BASED ON PULSED LASER-ASSISTED THERMAL RELAXATION SO FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Thermal diffusivity; characterization; nanosecond laser; carbon nanotube ID 3-OMEGA METHOD; WIRES; CONDUCTIVITY; HEAT AB A novel transient technique is developed to measure the thermal diffusivity of one-dimensional microscale wires. In this technique, a pulsed nanosecond laser is used to quickly heat the wire. After laser heating, the wire temperature decays slowly. Such temperature decay is sensed and used to determine the thermal diffusivity of the wire. A 25.4 mu m thin Pt wire is characterized to verify this technique. The thermal diffusivity of multi-wall carbon nanotube bundles is measured. Based on the measurement result and the inside structure, the thermal diffusivity of individual carbon nanotubes is estimated. C1 [Wang, Xinwei] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Guo, Jiaqi] Univ Nebraska, Dept Mech Engn, Walter Scott Engn Ctr N104, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Geohegan, David B.; Eres, Gyula] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Geohegan, David B.; Eres, Gyula] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guo, JQ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 3027 HM Black Engn Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jjguoffc@bigred.unl.edu RI Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Eres, Gyula/C-4656-2017 OI Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Eres, Gyula/0000-0003-2690-5214 FU Iowa State University FX Support for this work from the start-up fund of Iowa State University is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Biqing Sheng, Dr. Zhaoyan Zhang, Kejun Yi, and Dr. Yongfeng Lu at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for their help with using their high-power nanosecond pulsed lasers. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 1793-6047 J9 FUNCT MATER LETT JI Funct. Mater. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 71 EP 76 DI 10.1142/S1793604708000137 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 509DN UT WOS:000270994400013 ER PT J AU Dimov, I Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J Zlatev, Z AF Dimov, Ivan Dongarra, Jack Madsen, Kaj Wasniewski, Jerzy Zlatev, Zahari TI Special section: Applications of distributed and grid computing SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GRID COMPUTING THEORY METHODS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dimov, Ivan] Univ Reading, Sch Syst Engn, Reading RG6 6AH, Berks, England. [Dimov, Ivan] BAS, IPP, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Madsen, Kaj; Wasniewski, Jerzy] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Zlatev, Zahari] Danish Natl Environm Res Inst, Roskilde, Denmark. RP Dimov, I (reprint author), Univ Reading, Sch Syst Engn, POB 217, Reading RG6 6AH, Berks, England. EM I.T.Dimov@reading.ac.uk NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-739X J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 6 BP 582 EP 584 DI 10.1016/j.future.2007.04.014 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 300QW UT WOS:000255841300009 ER PT J AU Brown, LA Kalloger, SE Miller, MA Shih, LM McKinney, SE Santos, JL Swenerton, K Spellman, PT Gray, J Gilks, CB Huntsman, DG AF Brown, Lindsay A. Kalloger, Steve E. Miller, Melinda A. Shih, le-Ming McKinney, Steven E. Santos, Jennifer L. Swenerton, Ken Spellman, Paul T. Gray, Joe Gilks, C. Blake Huntsman, David G. TI Amplification of 11q13 in ovarian carcinoma SO GENES CHROMOSOMES & CANCER LA English DT Article ID CHROMATIN-REMODELING GENE; PHD-FINGER PROTEIN; BREAST-CANCER; CYCLIN D1; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; SPORADIC BREAST; BRCA2 PATHWAY; COPY NUMBER; ORAL-CANCER; EXPRESSION AB Amplification at the 11q13 locus is commonly observed in breast, ovarian, head and neck, oral, and esophageal cancer. Studies of this region led to the identification of multiple amplicons containing several potential oncogenes including EMSY PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2. Here, we investigate the amplification of the above four genes and their prognostic significance in histologically and clinically defined subsets of ovarian cancer. Amplification of all four genes was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization in tissue microarrays containing 538 clinically annotated ovarian carcinomas with 12 years of follow-up data. Overall, for the entire cohort, EMSY was amplified in 44 (16%) of 269 cases, PAK1 was amplified in 38 (15%) of 255 cases, RSF1 was amplified in 37 (12%) of 310 cases, and GAB2 was amplified in 41 (16%) of 255 cases. Amplification of EMSY PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2 were all highly correlated with each other and with a serous histology. Univariate survival analysis showed that tumors with EMSY and RSF1 amplification were associated with a significantly worse outcome. A molecular inversion probe array was then used to study the 11q13 amplicon in 33 high grade serous carcinomas. The core of the amplicon mapped to a 6-Mb region encompassing EMSY, PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2. However, a second more telomeric amplicon was also observed for which no candidate genes have been identified. In summary, amplification of these four putative oncogenes from 11q13 in early ovarian cancer is associated with a serous histology and in the case of EMSY and RSF1 a poor outcome. These findings support the hypothesis that the 11q13 amplicon in ovarian cancer is likely driven by a cassette of genes rather than by a single oncogene. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045-2257/suppmat. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Brown, Lindsay A.; Kalloger, Steve E.; Miller, Melinda A.; Gilks, C. Blake; Huntsman, David G.] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Dept Pathol, Vancouver Coastal Hlth Res Inst, Genet Pathol Evaluat Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. [Brown, Lindsay A.; Kalloger, Steve E.; Miller, Melinda A.; Gilks, C. Blake; Huntsman, David G.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Kalloger, Steve E.] Vancouver Gen Hosp, Dept Anat Pathol, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Shih, le-Ming] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Oncol & Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD USA. [Shih, le-Ming] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Shih, le-Ming] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [McKinney, Steven E.] British Columbia Canc Res Ctr, Mol Oncol & Breast Canc Program, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada. [Santos, Jennifer L.] Vancouver Gen Hosp, Dept Gynecol, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Santos, Jennifer L.] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Cheryl Brown Ovarian Canc Outcomes Unit, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. [Santos, Jennifer L.] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. [Swenerton, Ken] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Swenerton, Ken] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Dept Med Oncol, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. [Spellman, Paul T.; Gray, Joe] Univ Calif San Francisco, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Huntsman, DG (reprint author), British Columbia Canc Agcy, Dept Pathol, Vancouver Coastal Hlth Res Inst, Genet Pathol Evaluat Ctr, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. EM dhuntsma@bccancer.be.ca RI Kalloger, Steve/B-3949-2010 NR 31 TC 73 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1045-2257 J9 GENE CHROMOSOME CANC JI Gene Chromosomes Cancer PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 481 EP 489 DI 10.1002/gcc.20549 PG 9 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity GA 294EH UT WOS:000255386700004 PM 18314909 ER PT J AU Gorby, Y Mclean, J Korenevsky, A Rosso, KM El-Naggar, MY Beveridge, TJ AF Gorby, Y. Mclean, J. Korenevsky, A. Rosso, K. M. El-Naggar, M. Y. Beveridge, T. J. TI Redox-reactive membrane vesicles produced by Shewanella SO GEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MARTIAN METEORITE ALH84001; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OUTER-MEMBRANE; CELL-WALL; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; VIRULENCE FACTORS AB This manuscript is dedicated to our friend, mentor, and coauthor Dr Terry Beveridge, who devoted his scientific career to advancing fundamental aspects of microbial ultrastructure using innovative electron microscopic approaches. During his graduate studies with Professor Robert Murray, Terry provided some of the first glimpses and structural evaluations of the regular surface arrays (S-layers) of Gram-negative bacteria (Beveridge & Murray, 1974, 1975, 1976a). Beginning with his early electron microscopic assessments of metal binding by cell walls from Gram-positive bacteria (Beveridge & Murray, 1976b, 1 980) and continuing with more than 30 years of pioneering research on microbe-mineral interactions (Hoyle & Beveridge, 1983, 1984; Ferris et al., 1986; Gorby et al., 1988; Beveridge, 1989; Mullen et al., 1989; Urrutia Mera et al., 1992; Mera & Beveridge, 1993; Brown et al., 1994; Konhauser et al., 1994; Beveridge et al., 1997; Newman et al., 1997; Lower et al., 2001; Glasauer et al., 2002; Baesman et al., 2007), Terry helped to shape the developing field of biogeochemistry. Terry and his associates are also widely regarded for their research defining the structure and function of outer membrane vesicles from Gram-negative bacteria that facilitate processes ranging from the delivery of pathogenic enzymes to the possible exchange of genetic information. The current report represents the confluence of two of Terry's thematic research streams by demonstrating that membrane vesicles produced by dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria from the genus Shewanella catalyze the enzymatic transformation and precipitation of heavy metals and radionuclides. Under low-shear conditions, membrane vesicles are commonly tethered to intact cells by electrically conductive filaments known as bacterial nanowires. The functional role of membrane vesicles and associated nanowires is not known, but the potential for mineralized vesicles that morphologically resemble nanofossils to serve as palaeontological indicators of early life on Earth and as biosignatures of life on other planets is recognized. C1 [Gorby, Y.; Mclean, J.] J Craig Venter Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Rosso, K. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Korenevsky, A.; Beveridge, T. J.] Univ Guelph, Dept Microbiol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [El-Naggar, M. Y.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gorby, Y (reprint author), J Craig Venter Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. NR 67 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1472-4677 J9 GEOBIOLOGY JI Geobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00158.x PG 10 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 304KS UT WOS:000256109000008 PM 18498526 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, JK Zachara, JM AF Fredrickson, J. K. Zachara, J. M. TI Electron transfer at the microbe-mineral interface: a grand challenge in biogeochemistry SO GEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; OUTER-MEMBRANE CYTOCHROMES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; METALLIC ION BINDING; C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; FREEZE-SUBSTITUTION; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; FE(III) OXIDES; CELL-WALL AB The interplay between microorganisms and minerals is a complex and dynamic process that has sculpted the geosphere for nearly the entire history of the Earth. The work of Dr Terry Beveridge and colleagues provided some of the first insights into metal-microbe and mineral-microbe interactions and established a foundation for subsequent detailed investigations of interactions between microorganisms and minerals. Beveridge also envisioned that interdisciplinary approaches and teams would be required to explain how individual microbial cells interact with their immediate environment at nano- or microscopic scales and that through such approaches and using emerging technologies that the details of such interactions would be revealed at the molecular level. With this vision as incentive and inspiration, a multidisciplinary, collaborative team-based investigation was initiated to probe the process of electron transfer (ET) at the microbe-mineral interface. The grand challenge to this team was to address the hypothesis that multiheme c-type cytochromes of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria localized to the cell exterior function as the terminal reductases in ET to Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides. This question has been the subject of extensive investigation for years, yet the answer has remained elusive. The team involves an integrated group of experimental and computational capabilities at US Department of Energy's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility, as the collaborative focal point. The approach involves a combination of in vitro and in vivo biologic and biogeochemical experiments and computational analyses that, when integrated, provide a conceptual model of the ET process. The resulting conceptual model will be evaluated by integrating and comparing various experimental, i.e. in vitro and in vivo ET kinetics, and theoretical results. Collectively, the grand challenge will provide a detailed view of how organisms engage with mineral surfaces to exchange energy and electron density as required for life function. C1 [Fredrickson, J. K.; Zachara, J. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fredrickson, JK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 52 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1472-4677 J9 GEOBIOLOGY JI Geobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 245 EP 253 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00146.x PG 9 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 304KS UT WOS:000256109000010 PM 18498527 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM AF Kemner, K. M. TI Hard X-ray micro(spectro)scopy: A powerful tool for the geomicrobiologists SO GEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; FLUORESCENCE MICROPROBE; GREEN RUST; REDUCTION; SOIL; SPECTROSCOPY; CYTOCHROMES; DETECTOR; SPECTRA; URANIUM AB During the past few decades, the use of electron microscopy approaches - many developed by Terry Beveridge - to probe the physiology of microorganisms has become a mainstay in fields including microbiology, human health, and geomicrobiology. Recent developments of third-generation synchrotron X-ray sources and X-ray-based microscopy approaches for studying microbial systems have proved their utility as complements to the very powerful approaches regularly employed by electron microscopists. In addition, in recent geomicrobiological studies, researchers have begun to take advantage of the strengths of each technique by using the superior spatial resolution of the electron microscope (relative to the X-ray microscope) and the superior elemental sensitivity of the X-ray microscope (relative to the electron microscope), along with the ability of the X-ray microscope to spatially probe the chemical speciation of elements. The benefits of integrating these two nanoprobes for investigating the same microenvironments within a geomicrobial system are far superior to those of independent studies separately employing each probe. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kemner, KM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1472-4677 J9 GEOBIOLOGY JI Geobiology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 270 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00145.x PG 8 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 304KS UT WOS:000256109000013 PM 18393986 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW AF Vasco, D. W. TI Modelling quasi-static poroelastic propagation using an asymptotic approach SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE transient deformation; geomechanics; permeability and porosity; mechanics, theory, and modelling ID ELASTIC POROUS-MEDIA; FLUID-FLOW; TRANSIENT-RESPONSE; DEFORMATION; CONSOLIDATION; RESERVOIRS; DIFFUSION; SOLIDS; WAVES AB An asymptotic technique, valid in the presence of smoothly varying flow properties, allows for the construction of a semi-analytic solution to the governing equations of quasi-static poroelasticity. In this formulation flow properties are variable while mechanical properties are constant within a specified formation. However, both mechanical and flow properties are allowed to vary discontinuously across formation boundaries. The asymptotic analysis determines that two longitudinal modes of propagation are possible: the Biot fast and slow waves. The Biot slow wave propagates as a diffusive disturbance, similar in nature to a pressure disturbance. The Biot fast wave has the characteristics of an elastic wave, and decays much more slowly with distance than does the slow wave. The Biot slow wave is found to generate elastic displacements, in the form of fast waves, as it propagates. This generation of fast waves explains the rapid onset of displacement at a remote observation point due to the injection of fluid into a poroelastic layer. A comparison of the asymptotic solution with analytic and numerical (finite-difference) solutions indicates overall agreement in both homogeneous and heterogeneous media. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dwvasco@lbl.gov RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016; Vasco, Donald/G-3696-2015 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628; Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 173 IS 3 BP 1119 EP 1135 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.03758.x PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 298ST UT WOS:000255708100028 ER PT J AU Stefanovsky, SV Nikonov, BS Marra, JC AF Stefanovsky, S. V. Nikonov, B. S. Marra, J. C. TI Characterization of glassy materials for immobilization of radioactive waste with a high iron oxide content SO GLASS PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-LEVEL WASTE; VITRIFICATION; SURROGATE; FORMS AB The influence of the content of oxides in the simulated high-level wastes on the phase composition, the structure, and the water resistance of borosilicate-based glassy materials for immobilization is investigated. An increase in the waste oxide content from 45 to 65 wt % leads to an increase in the fraction of the crystalline phase of the magnetite-type spinel from 3-5 to 20-22 vol %. The glassy materials are characterized by a low leaching rate of the main waste components in water. A considerable increase in the leaching rate of sodium ions and, to a lesser extent, aluminum and uranium ions is observed for the glassy materials containing waste oxides at a content of 55 wt % and more due to the depolymerization of the structural glass network. Under the same conditions, the leaching rate of iron does not increase noticeably because of the high resistance of the iron-containing spinel to water. C1 [Stefanovsky, S. V.] State Unitary Enterprise City Moscow, United Ecol Technol & Res Ctr, RAW Conditioning & Environm Protect SUE SIA Radon, Moscow 119121, Russia. [Nikonov, B. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol Ore Deposits Petrog Mineral & Geochem I, Moscow 109017, Russia. [Marra, J. C.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Stefanovsky, SV (reprint author), State Unitary Enterprise City Moscow, United Ecol Technol & Res Ctr, RAW Conditioning & Environm Protect SUE SIA Radon, Sedmoi Rostovskii 2-14, Moscow 119121, Russia. EM profstef@mtu-net.ru NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1087-6596 J9 GLASS PHYS CHEM+ JI Glass Phys. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 3 BP 292 EP 299 DI 10.1134/S1087659608030097 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 316QU UT WOS:000256965600009 ER PT J AU Wolbarst, AB Griggs, J Lee, HN Ren, T Hudson, T White, JD Zhu, C AF Wolbarst, Anthony B. Griggs, John Lee, H. N. Ren, Tianshan Hudson, Tonya White, Jacolyn D. Zhu, Changshou TI Comparison of environmental radiation monitoring programs in China and the United States SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE air sampling; contamination; environmental; emergencies; radiological; environmental assessment ID SURFACE AIR; AEROSOLS; FALLOUT; BERYLLIUM-7; TRANSPORT; ACCIDENT; NITROGEN; PB-210; MAWSON AB The monitoring of environmental radiation has been carried out across the United States by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's RadNet (formerly the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System, ERAMS) and the Global Network Program (GNP) of the Environmental Measurements Laboratory (EML), and in the People's Republic of China (PRC) by their National Radioactivity Contamination Monitoring System (NRCMS). It is expected that an awareness of the similarities and differences in the structure and operation of these programs will prove helpful to both countries and perhaps others as they continue to develop their monitoring capabilities. C1 [Wolbarst, Anthony B.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Hlth Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Griggs, John; Hudson, Tonya] US EPA, NAREL, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Montgomery, AL 36115 USA. [Lee, H. N.] US DOE, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA. [Ren, Tianshan; Zhu, Changshou] China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Radiol Protect & Nucl Safety, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China. [White, Jacolyn D.] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air 6608J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Wolbarst, AB (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Hlth Sci, Wethington 209D,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM wolbarst.anthony@uky.edu NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 6 BP 501 EP 511 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000305823.17036.b3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 300MP UT WOS:000255828200001 PM 18469583 ER PT J AU Fritz, BG Whitaker, JD AF Fritz, Brad G. Whitaker, John D. TI Evaluation of sprayable fixatives on a sandy soil for potential use in a dirty bomb response SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE terrorism; radiation protection; radioactivity; removal of; surface contamination ID RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE; SITE RESTORATION; CLEANUP; TERRORISM; RADIATION; EMULSIONS; SURFACE; ATTACK; EVENT AB After the events of 11 September 2001, the possibility of a dirty bomb being detonated within the United States seems more realistic. Development of tools for use in response to a dirty bomb detonation has become a topic of both discussion and research. While if has been reported that the health risk to the public from such an event would likely be small, it is thought that the psychological impact could be considerable. One response option that has been considered is adapting sprayable solutions for the purpose of fixing contamination in place, thereby limiting the spread of contamination by wind and rain and facilitating subsequent cleanup. This work evaluated two commercially available particle fixatives (IsoFIX-HT and IsoFIX-RC) for their effectiveness in preventing dispersal of simulated contamination. Nonradioactive cesium chloride and cobalt oxide particles were selected as the simulated contamination and applied to the surface of three outdoor test plots. Two test plots were treated with fixatives; the third plot provided a control. Samples were collected over 95 days to observe changes in tracer concentration on the surface of the test plots. One fixative (IsoFIX-RC) effectively held the tracer in place with no net loss of tracer, while the other fixative (IsoFIX-HT) had no impact on the loss of tracer relative to the control. Under the conditions tested, IsoFIX-RC appears capable of fixing surface contamination in place for at least several months. C1 [Fritz, Brad G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Whitaker, John D.] Modumetal Inc, Seattle, WA USA. RP Fritz, BG (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM bradley.fritz@pni.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 6 BP 512 EP 518 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000305822.94646.8e PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 300MP UT WOS:000255828200002 PM 18469584 ER PT J AU Miller, G AF Miller, Guthrie TI Uncertainties in internal dose calculations for the Mayak study SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID PLUTONIUM C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Miller, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM guthriemiller@gmail.com NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 6 BP 581 EP 583 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000310996.64406.48 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 300MP UT WOS:000255828200010 PM 18469592 ER PT J AU Karig, DK Simpson, ML AF Karig, David K. Simpson, Michael L. TI Tying new knots in synthetic biology SO HFSP JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC CIRCUITS; TOGGLE SWITCH; DNA; NETWORKS; GENOME; CONSTRUCTION; DESIGN; ACID; CELL AB Recent years have seen the emergence of synthetic biology, which encompasses the engineering of living organisms as well as the implementation of biological behavior in non-living substrates. Many of these engineered systems have harnessed the diverse toolkit of proteins, genes, and cellular processes that nature offers. While these efforts have been fruitful, they have also illustrated the difficulty associated with programming highly complex functions by tapping into cellular processes. Another set of efforts has focused on building circuits, performing computation, and constructing nanoscale machines using nucleic acids. Zhang et al., 2007, Science 318, 1121-1125 and Yin et al., 2008, Nature 451, 318-322 recently demonstrated flexible approaches for the modular construction of such biochemical devices exclusively using DNA. These approaches have exciting implications both for engineering living cells and for mimicking life-like behavior at the nanoscale. C1 [Karig, David K.; Simpson, Michael L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM simpsonmll@ornl.gov RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Karig, David/G-5703-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Karig, David/0000-0002-9508-6411 NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU HFSP PUBLISHING PI STRASBOURG PA 12 QUAI ST JEAN, STRASBOURG, 67000, FRANCE SN 1955-2068 J9 HFSP J JI HFSP J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 124 EP 128 DI 10.2976/1.2907240 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 336MG UT WOS:000258367400002 PM 19404464 ER PT J AU Ghani, N Liu, Q Gumaste, A Benhaddou, D Rao, NSV Lehman, T AF Ghani, Nasir Liu, Qing Gumaste, Ashwin Benhaddou, Driss Rao, Nageswara S. V. Lehman, Tom TI Control plane design in multidomain/multilayer optical networks SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID CHALLENGES C1 [Ghani, Nasir; Liu, Qing] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Benhaddou, Driss] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lehman, Tom] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Ghani, N (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM nghani@ece.unm.edu OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 17 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0163-6804 J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG JI IEEE Commun. Mag. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 46 IS 6 BP 78 EP 87 DI 10.1109/MCOM.2008.4539470 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 311UJ UT WOS:000256625600008 ER PT J AU Zisman, MS AF Zisman, Michael S. TI Technical challenges and scientific payoffs of muon beam accelerators for particle physics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator cavities; accelerator magnets; particle beams; solenoids AB Progress in particle physics has largely been determined by development of more capable particle accelerators. This trend continues today with the recent advent of high-luminosity electron-positron. colliders at KEK and SLAC operating as "B factories", the imminent commissioning of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, and the worldwide development effort toward the International Linear Collider. Looking to the future, one of the most promising approaches is the development of muon-beam accelerators. Such machines have very high scientific potential, and would substantially advance the state-of-the-art in accelerator design-A 20-50 GeV union storage ring could serve as a copious source of well-characterized electron neutrinos or antineutrinos (a Neutrino Factory), providing beams aimed at detectors located 3000-7500 km from the ring. Such long baseline experiments are expected to be able to observe and characterize the phenomenon of charge-conjugation-parity (CP) violation in the lepton sector, and thus provide an answer to one of the most fundamental questions in science, namely, why the matter-dominated universe in which we reside exists at all. By accelerating unions to even higher energies of several TeV, we can envision a Muon Collider. In contrast to composite particles like protons, muons are point particles. This means that the full collision energy is available to create new particles. A Muon Collider has roughly ten times the energy reach of a proton collider at the same collision energy, and has a much smaller footprint. Indeed, an energy frontier Muon Collider could fit on the site of an existing laboratory, such as Fermilab or BNL. The challenges of muon-beam accelerators are related to the facts that i) muons are produced as a tertiary beam, with very large 6D phase space, and ii) muons are unstable, With a lifetime at rest of only 2 mu s. How these challenges are accommodated in the accelerator design will be described. Both a Neutrino Factory and a Muon Collider require large numbers of challenging superconducting magnets, including large aperture solenoids, closely spaced solenoids with opposing fields, shielded solenoids, very high field (similar to 40-50 T) solenoids, and storage ring magnets with a room-temperature midplane section. Uses for the various magnets will be outlined, along with R&D plans to develop these and other required components of such machines. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zisman, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mszisman@lbl.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 82 EP 91 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921362 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700003 ER PT J AU Kashikhin, VS Andreev, N Lamm, MJ Lopes, ML Tompkins, JC Zlobin, AV AF Kashikhin, Vladimir S. Andreev, Nikolai Lamm, Michael J. Lopes, Mauricio L. Tompkins, John C. Zlobin, Alexander V. TI Design and manufacturing Main Linac superconducting quadrupole for ILC at Fermilab SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE collider; magnetic design; main Linac; manufacturing; superconducting quadrupole ID LHC; CORRECTORS; MAGNETS AB The design and manufacturing of the first model of an International Linear Collider (ILC) Main Linac superconducting quadrupole is in progress at Fermilab. The quadrupole has a 78 mm aperture, a 36 T integrated gradient, and a cold mass length of 700 mm. A superferric magnet configuration with iron poles and four racetrack coils was chosen based on magnet performance, cost, and reliability considerations. Each coil is wound using enamel insulated, 0.5 mm diameter, NbTi superconductor. The quadrupole package also includes shell type dipole steering coils. The results of the quadrupole design, including magnetic and mechanical analyses, are presented. Specific issues related to the quadrupole magnetic center stability, superconductor magnetization and mechanical stability are discussed and analyzed. The magnet quench protection system, current leads, and mounting the quadrupole inside ILC Main Linac cryomodule will also be briefly discussed. C1 [Kashikhin, Vladimir S.; Andreev, Nikolai; Lamm, Michael J.; Lopes, Mauricio L.; Tompkins, John C.; Zlobin, Alexander V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kashikhin, VS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kash@fnal.gov NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921945 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700017 ER PT J AU Rabehl, RJ AF Rabehl, Roger J. TI Cold mass cooling design studies for an LHC inner triplet upgrade SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnets; cooling; cryogenics; helium AB A luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is planned to coincide with the expected end of life of the existing inner triplet quadrupole magnets. The upgraded inner triplet will have much larger heat loads to be removed from the magnets by the cryogenics system. As part of the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP), a design study has been completed to investigate the required characteristics of the cold mass cooling system within the framework of a design temperature profile. These characteristics are the beam pipe annulus, collar radial cooling channels, yoke radial cooling channels, yoke longitudinal cooling channels, and heat exchanger connecting pipe. Using these parameters in conjunction with energy deposition calculations, longitudinal and radial temperature profiles for an entire inner triplet are calculated and presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rabehl, RJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rabehl@fnal.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920694 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700019 ER PT J AU Ferracin, P Ambrosio, G Anerella, M Caspi, S Cheng, DW Felice, H Hafalia, AR Hannaford, CR Lietzke, AF Lizarazo, J Muratore, J Sabbi, GL Schmalzle, J Thomas, R Wanderer, PJ AF Ferracin, P. Ambrosio, G. Anerella, M. Caspi, S. Cheng, D. W. Felice, H. Hafalia, A. R. Hannaford, C. R. Lietzke, A. F. Lizarazo, J. Muratore, J. Sabbi, G. L. Schmalzle, J. Thomas, R. Wanderer, P. J. TI Assembly and test of a support structure for 3.6 m long Nb3Sn racetrack coils SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; Nb3Sn; superconducting magnets ID LARP; PROGRAM; DESIGN AB The LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) is currently developing 4 m long Nb3Sn quadrupole magnets for a possible upgrade of the LHC Interaction Regions (IR). In order to provide a reliable test bed for the fabrication and test of long Nb3Sn coils, LARP has started the development of the long racetrack magnet LRS01. The magnet is composed of two 3.6 m long racetrack coils contained in a support structure based on an aluminum shell pre-tensioned with water-pressurized bladders and interference keys. For the phase-one test of the assembly procedure and loading operation, the structure was pre-stressed at room temperature and cooled down to 77 K with instrumented, solid aluminum "dummy coils". Mechanical behavior and stress homogeneity were monitored with strain gauges mounted on the shell and the dummy coils. The dummy coils were replaced with reacted and impregnated Nb3Sn coils in a second assembly procedure, followed by cool-down to 4.5 K and powered magnet test. This paper reports on the assembly and loading procedures of the support structure as well as the comparison between strain gauge data and 3-D model predictions. C1 [Ferracin, P.; Caspi, S.; Cheng, D. W.; Hafalia, A. R.; Hannaford, C. R.; Lietzke, A. F.; Lizarazo, J.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ambrosio, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Anerella, M.; Muratore, J.; Schmalzle, J.; Thomas, R.; Wanderer, P. J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ferracin, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pferracin@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 167 EP 170 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922304 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700020 ER PT J AU Wanderer, P Ambrosio, G Anerella, M Barzi, E Bossert, R Caspi, S Cheng, DW Cozzolino, J Dictderich, DR Escallier, J Feher, S Ferracin, P Ganetis, G Ghosh, AK Gupta, RC Hafalia, AR Hannaford, CR Joshi, P Kovach, P Lietzke, AF Lizarazo, J Louie, W Marone, A McInturff, AD Muratore, J Nobrega, F Sabbi, G Schmalzle, J Thomas, R Turrioni, D AF Wanderer, P. Ambrosio, G. Anerella, M. Barzi, E. Bossert, R. Caspi, S. Cheng, D. W. Cozzolino, J. Dictderich, D. R. Escallier, J. Feher, S. Ferracin, P. Ganetis, G. Ghosh, A. K. Gupta, R. C. Hafalia, A. R. Hannaford, C. R. Joshi, P. Kovach, P. Lietzke, A. F. Lizarazo, J. Louie, W. Marone, A. McInturff, A. D. Muratore, J. Nobrega, F. Sabbi, G. Schmalzle, J. Thomas, R. Turrioni, D. TI Construction and test of 3.6 m Nb3Sn racetrack coils for LARP SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; Nb3Sn; racetrack; superconducting magnet ID STRAND AB Development of high-performance Nb3Sn quadrupoles is one of the major goals of the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP). As part of this program, long racetrack magnets were made in order to check the fabrication steps for long Nb3Sn coils, that the changes in coil,length that take place during reaction and cooldown are correctly accounted for in the quadrupole design, and the use of a long aluminum shell for the support structure. This paper reports the construction of the first long Nb3Sn magnet with racetrack coils 3.6 m long. The magnet reached a nominal "plateau" at 9596 A after five quenches. This is about 90% of the estimated conductor limit. The peak field in the coils at this current was 11 T. C1 [Wanderer, P.; Anerella, M.; Cozzolino, J.; Escallier, J.; Ganetis, G.; Ghosh, A. K.; Gupta, R. C.; Joshi, P.; Kovach, P.; Louie, W.; Marone, A.; Muratore, J.; Schmalzle, J.; Thomas, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Superconducting Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ambrosio, G.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, R.; Feher, S.; Nobrega, F.; Turrioni, D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Tech Support Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Caspi, S.; Cheng, D. W.; Dictderich, D. R.; Ferracin, P.; Hafalia, A. R.; Hannaford, C. R.; Lietzke, A. F.; Lizarazo, J.; Sabbi, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Accelerator & Fus Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wanderer, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Superconducting Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM wanderer@bnl.gov NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920660 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700021 ER PT J AU Bossert, RC Ambrosio, G Andreev, N Barzi, E Caspi, S Chlachidze, G Dietderich, DT Feher, S Ferracin, P Ghosh, A Hafalia, AR Kashikhin, VS Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Nobrega, F Novitski, I Orris, D Sabbi, GL Taitaglia, M Zlobin, AV AF Bossert, R. C. Ambrosio, G. Andreev, N. Barzi, E. Caspi, S. Chlachidze, G. Dietderich, D. T. Feher, S. Ferracin, P. Ghosh, A. Hafalia, A. R. Kashikhin, V. S. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. J. Nobrega, F. Novitski, I. Orris, D. Sabbi, G. L. Taitaglia, M. Zlobin, A. V. TI Development and test of LARP technological quadrupole models of TQC series SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE coil support structure; LARP; LHC IR; Nb3Sn; quadrupole magnet; superconductivity ID LHC; MAGNETS AB This paper describes the development and test of TQC01b and TQC02E, the second and third models in the TQC series. ANSYS analysis of the mechanical structure, its underlying assumptions, and changes based on experience with TQC01 are presented and discussed. Construction experience, in-process measurements, and modifications to the assembly since TQC01 are described. The test results presented here include magnet strain and quench performance during training of TQC01b and TQC02E. C1 [Bossert, R. C.; Andreev, N.; Barzi, E.; Chlachidze, G.; Feher, S.; Kashikhin, V. S.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Lamm, M. J.; Nobrega, F.; Novitski, I.; Taitaglia, M.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Caspi, S.; Dietderich, D. T.; Ferracin, P.; Hafalia, A. R.; Novitski, I.; Orris, D.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ghosh, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bossert, RC (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM bossert@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 175 EP 178 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920818 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700022 ER PT J AU Caspi, S Ambrosio, G Andreev, AN Barzi, E Bossert, R Dietderich, DR Ferracin, P Ghosh, A Hafalia, AR Kashikhin, VV Lietzke, AF Novitski, I Sabbi, GL Zlobin, AV AF Caspi, S. Ambrosio, G. Andreev, A. N. Barzi, E. Bossert, R. Dietderich, D. R. Ferracin, P. Ghosh, A. Hafalia, A. R. Kashikhin, V. V. Lietzke, A. F. Novitski, I. Sabbi, G. L. Zlobin, A. V. TI Test and analysis of technology quadrupole shell (TQS) magnet models for LARP SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; Nb3Sn; superconducting quadrupole magnet; TQS ID LHC IR; NB3SN; DESIGN AB Test results are reported on four quadrupole magnet model tests (TQS01a, TQS01b, TQS01c, TQS02) in support of the development of a large-aperture Nb3Sn superconducting quadrupole for the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP). All four magnet assemblies used key and bladder technology to compress and support the coils within an iron yoke and an aluminum shell. The first three models tested different magnet assemblies,of several coils, having MJR conductor, and gapped segmented bronze pole-islands. TQS02's coils utilized improved (RRP) Nb3Sn conductor, and addressed TQS01's quench-training pattern, by utilizing titanium alloy (TiAl6V4) pole-islands, with no axial gaps during reaction. This paper summarizes the assembly, cool-down and performance of TQS01a, TQS01b, TQS01c, and TQS02 and compares measurements with design expectations. C1 [Caspi, S.; Dietderich, D. R.; Ferracin, P.; Hafalia, A. R.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ambrosio, G.; Andreev, A. N.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, R.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Novitski, I.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ghosh, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Caspi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM s_caspi@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 179 EP 183 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920821 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700023 ER PT J AU Velev, GV Bossert, R Caspi, S Chlachidze, G DiMarco, J Ferracin, P Kashikhin, VV Lamm, M Sabbi, GL Schlabach, P Tartaglia, M Tompkins, JC Zlobin, AV AF Velev, G. V. Bossert, R. Caspi, S. Chlachidze, G. DiMarco, J. Ferracin, P. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. Sabbi, G. L. Schlabach, P. Tartaglia, M. Tompkins, J. C. Zlobin, A. V. TI Field quality measurements and analysis of the LARP technology quadrupole models SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE magnetic field measurements; super-conducting accelerator magnets ID INNER TRIPLET QUADRUPOLES; LHC; MAGNET; FERMILAB AB One of the US-LHC accelerator research program goals is to develop and prove the design and technology of Nb3Sn quadrupoles for an upgrade of the LHC Interaction Region (IR) inner triplets. Four I-m long technology quadrupole models with a 90 mm bore and field gradient of 200 T/m based on similar coils and different mechanical structures have been developed. In this paper, we present the field quality measurements of the first several models performed at room temperature as well as at superfluid helium temperature in a wide field range. The measured field harmonics are compared to the calculated ones. The field quality of Nb3Sn quadrupole models is compared with the NbTi quadrupoles recently produced at Fermilab for the first generation LHC IRs. C1 [Velev, G. V.; Bossert, R.; Chlachidze, G.; DiMarco, J.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Lamm, M.; Schlabach, P.; Tartaglia, M.; Tompkins, J. C.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Caspi, S.; Ferracin, P.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Velev, GV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM velev@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 184 EP 187 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922272 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700024 ER PT J AU Gupta, R Anerella, M Ghosh, A Schmalzle, J Sampson, W AF Gupta, R. Anerella, M. Ghosh, A. Schmalzle, J. Sampson, W. TI Design, construction and test results of a warm iron HTS quadrupole for the facility for rare isotope beams SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE facility for rare isotope beams; high temperature superconductors; HTS magnets; radiation resistant magnets AB The first quadrupole in the fragment separator region of the proposed Facility for Rare Isotope Beams would be subjected to extremely high radiation and heat loads (similar to 15 kW in the magnet and 5 kW/m(3) in the coil). As a critical part of this proposal, a radiation resistant quadrupole made with first generation High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) has been built and tested. This paper summarizes design, construction and test results of this magnet that has been designed to operate at similar to 30 K to, remove this heat economically. Of particular interest are the simulated energy deposition experiments that demonstrate the stable operation of this HTS magnet in the presence of these unprecedented loads. The next quadrupole will use second generation HTS and is expected to operate at 50 K or above for even more efficient energy removal. C1 [Gupta, R.; Anerella, M.; Ghosh, A.; Schmalzle, J.; Sampson, W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gupta, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gupta@bnl.gov NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 236 EP 239 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921949 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700036 ER PT J AU Green, MA Strauss, BP AF Green, Michael A. Strauss, Bruce P. TI The cost of superconducting magnets as a function of stored energy and design magnetic induction times the field volume SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE superconducting LTS magnet cost ID STORAGE AB By various theorems one can relate the capital cost of superconducting magnets to the magnetic energy stored within that magnet. This is particularly true for magnet where the cost is dominated by the structure needed to carry the magnetic forces. One can also relate the cost of the magnet to the product of the magnetic induction and the field volume. The relationship used to estimate the cost the magnet is a function of the type of magnet it is. This paper updates the cost functions given in two papers that were published in the early 1990's. The costs (escalated to 2007 dollars) of large numbers of LTS magnets are plotted against stored energy and magnetic field time field volume. Escalated costs for magnets built since the early 1990's are added to the plots. C1 [Green, Michael A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Strauss, Bruce P.] Off Sci, US Dept Energy, Washington, DC 20020 USA. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM magreen@lbl.gov; Bruce.Strauss@science.doe.gov NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 248 EP 251 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921279 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700039 ER PT J AU Kashikhin, VS Andreev, N Jansson, A Johnson, RP Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Romanov, G Yonehara, K Zlobin, AV AF Kashikhin, Vladimir S. Andreev, Nikolai Jansson, Andreas Johnson, Rolland P. Kashikhin, Vadim V. Lamm, Michael J. Romanov, Gennady Yonehara, Katsuya Zlobin, Alexander V. TI Superconducting helical solenoids for muon beam cooling SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE helical solenoid; magnetic design; muon cooling; superconducting magnet system AB Novel configurations of superconducting magnets for helical muon beam cooling channels and demonstration experiments are being designed at Fermilab. The magnet system for helical cooling channels has to generate longitudinal solenoidal and transverse helical dipole and helical quadrupole fields. It was found that this complicated field configuration can be made by a helical solenoid, which is a set of circular coils shifted in transverse directions in such a way that their centers lay on the center of the helical beam orbit. This paper discusses the possibility of combining two such channels in one mechanical structure to allow beams of positive and negative muons to be cooled at the same time. The status of a short model helical solenoid prototype to study its magnetic and mechanical properties is also described. C1 [Kashikhin, Vladimir S.; Andreev, Nikolai; Jansson, Andreas; Kashikhin, Vadim V.; Lamm, Michael J.; Romanov, Gennady; Yonehara, Katsuya; Zlobin, Alexander V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Johnson, Rolland P.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. RP Kashikhin, VS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kash@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920799 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700040 ER PT J AU Piekarz, H Hays, S Huang, Y Kashikhin, V de Rijk, G Rossi, L AF Piekarz, Henryk Hays, Steven Huang, Yuenian Kashikhin, Vadim de Rijk, Gijsbert Rossi, Lucio TI Design considerations for fast-cycling superconducting accelerator magnets of 2 T B-field generated by a transmission line conductor of up to 100 kA current SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE HTS superconductor; magnet AC losses; superconducting accelerator magnets; transmission line conductor ID COATED CONDUCTORS; AC LOSS AB Recently proposed synchrotrons, SF-SPS (Super-Ferric SPS) at CERN and DSF-MR (Dual Super-Ferric Main Ring) at Fermilab, would operate with a 0.5 Hz cycle (or 2 second time period) while accelerating protons to 480 GeV. We examine possibilities of superconducting magnet technology that would allow for an accelerator quality magnetic field sweep of 2 T/s. For superconducting magnets the AC losses in the coil compromise magnetic field quality and require high level of cryogenic cooling power. We outline a novel magnet technology based on HTS superconductors that may allow reduction of AC losses in the coil possibly up to an order of magnitude as compared to similar applications with LTS type conductors. C1 [Piekarz, Henryk; Hays, Steven; Huang, Yuenian; Kashikhin, Vadim] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [de Rijk, Gijsbert; Rossi, Lucio] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Piekarz, H (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM hpiekarz@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 256 EP 259 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921912 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700041 ER PT J AU Ambrosio, G Andreev, N Anerella, M Barzi, E Bossert, R Caspi, S Chlachidize, G Dietderich, D Feher, S Felice, H Ferracin, P Ghosh, A Hafalia, R Hannaford, R Kashikhin, VV Kerby, J Lamm, M Lietzke, A McInturff, A Muratore, J Nobrega, F Novitsky, I Sabbi, GL Schmalzle, J Tartaglia, M Turrioni, D Wanderer, P Whitson, G Zlobin, AV AF Ambrosio, G. Andreev, N. Anerella, M. Barzi, E. Bossert, R. Caspi, S. Chlachidize, G. Dietderich, D. Feher, S. Felice, H. Ferracin, P. Ghosh, A. Hafalia, R. Hannaford, R. Kashikhin, V. V. Kerby, J. Lamm, M. Lietzke, A. McInturff, A. Muratore, J. Nobrega, F. Novitsky, I. Sabbi, G. L. Schmalzle, J. Tartaglia, M. Turrioni, D. Wanderer, P. Whitson, G. Zlobin, A. V. TI LARP long Nb3Sn quadrupole design SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; long magnets; magnet design; Nb3Sn ID MAGNETS; FERMILAB AB A major milestone for the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) is the test, by the end of 2009, of two 4 m-long quadrupole magnets (LQ) wound with Nb3Sn conductor. The goal of these magnets is to be a proof of principle that Nb3Sn is a viable technology for a possible LHC luminosity upgrade. The design of the LQ is based on the design of the LARP Technological Quadrupoles, presently under development at FNAL and LBNL, with 90-mm aperture and gradient higher than 200 T/m. The design of the first LQ model will be completed by the end of 2007 with the selection of a mechanical design. In this paper we present the coil design addressing some fabrication technology issues, the quench protection study, and three designs of the support structure. C1 [Ambrosio, G.; Andreev, N.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, R.; Chlachidize, G.; Feher, S.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Kerby, J.; Lamm, M.; Nobrega, F.; Novitsky, I.; Tartaglia, M.; Turrioni, D.; Whitson, G.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Anerella, M.; Ghosh, A.; Muratore, J.; Schmalzle, J.; Wanderer, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Caspi, S.; Dietderich, D.; Ferracin, P.; Hafalia, R.; Hannaford, R.; Lietzke, A.; Sabbi, G. L.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McInturff, A.] LBNL, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [McInturff, A.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ambrosio, G (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM giorgioa@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 268 EP 272 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922277 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700044 ER PT J AU Nobrega, F Andreev, N Ambrosio, G Barzi, E Bossert, R Carcagno, R Chlachidze, G Feher, S Kashikhin, VS Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Novitski, I Orris, D Pischalnikov, Y Sylvester, C Tartaglia, M Turrioni, D Yamada, R Zlobin, AV AF Nobrega, F. Andreev, N. Ambrosio, G. Barzi, E. Bossert, R. Carcagno, R. Chlachidze, G. Feher, S. Kashikhin, V. S. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. J. Novitski, I. Orris, D. Pischalnikov, Y. Sylvester, C. Tartaglia, M. Turrioni, D. Yamada, R. Zlobin, A. V. TI Nb3Sn accelerator magnet technology scale up using cos-theta dipole coils SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE dipole mirror magnet; Nb3Sn Cos-Theta dipole coils; superconducting accelerator magnets; technology scale up ID STRANDS AB Fermilab is working on the development of Nb3Sn accelerator magnets using shell-type dipole coils and the wind-and-react method. As a part of the first phase of technology development, Fermilab built and tested six 1 m long dipole model magnets and several dipole mirror configurations. The last three dipoles and two mirrors reached their design fields of 10-11 T. The technology scale up phase has started by building 2 m and 4 m dipole coils and testing them in a mirror configuration in which one of the two coils is replaced by a half-cylinder made of low carbon steel. This approach allows for shorter fabrication times and extensive instrumentation preserving almost the same level of magnetic field and Lorentz forces in the coils as in a complete dipole model magnet. This paper presents details on the 2 m (HFDM07) and 4 m long (HFDM08) Nb3Sn dipole mirror magnet design and fabrication technology, as well as the magnet test results which are compared with 1 m long models. C1 [Nobrega, F.; Andreev, N.; Ambrosio, G.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, R.; Carcagno, R.; Chlachidze, G.; Feher, S.; Kashikhin, V. S.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Lamm, M. J.; Novitski, I.; Orris, D.; Pischalnikov, Y.; Sylvester, C.; Tartaglia, M.; Turrioni, D.; Yamada, R.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Nobrega, F (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM nobrega@fnal.gov NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922276 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700045 ER PT J AU Ferracin, P Caspi, S Cheng, DW Dietderich, DR Hafalia, AR Hannaford, CR Higley, H Lietzke, AF Lizarazo, J McInturff, AD Sabbi, G AF Ferracin, P. Caspi, S. Cheng, D. W. Dietderich, D. R. Hafalia, A. R. Hannaford, C. R. Higley, H. Lietzke, A. F. Lizarazo, J. McInturff, A. D. Sabbi, G. TI Development of the 15 T Nb3Sn dipole HD2 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE dipole magnet; Nb3Sn ID 35 MM BORE; MAGNET; DESIGN AB The Superconducting Magnet Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is continuing the development of HD2, a 1 m long Nb3Sn dipole generating a dipole field of 15 T in a 36 mm clear bore. With tilted (flared) ends to avoid obstructing the beam path, HD2 represents a step towards the development of high field and cost effective accelerator quality magnets. The design has been optimized to minimize geometric harmonics and to address iron saturation and conductor magnetization effects. The support structure is based on an external aluminum shell, pre-tensioned with pressurized bladders and interference keys. Aluminum axial rods and stainless steel end plates provide longitudinal support to the coil ends during magnet excitation. This paper reports on field quality optimization and magnet parameters. The design and fabrication of the coil and structure components, and results from coil winding, reaction, and potting are also presented. C1 [Ferracin, P.; Caspi, S.; Cheng, D. W.; Dietderich, D. R.; Hafalia, A. R.; Hannaford, C. R.; Higley, H.; Lietzke, A. F.; Lizarazo, J.; McInturff, A. D.; Sabbi, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ferracin, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pferracin@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922303 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700046 ER PT J AU Felice, H Caspi, S Ferracin, P Kashikhin, V Novitski, I Sabbi, G Zlobin, A AF Felice, Helene Caspi, Shlomo Ferracin, Paolo Kashikhin, Vadim Novitski, Igor Sabbi, GianLuca Zlobin, Alexander TI Magnetic and mechanical analysis of the HQ model quadrupole designs for LARP SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE IR quadrupoles; Nb3Sn; superconducting accelerator magnets AB Insertion quadrupoles with large bore and high gradient are required to upgrade the luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The US LHC Accelerator Research Program is developing Nb3Sn technology for the upgrade. This effort includes a series of I m long Technology Quadrupoles (TQ), to demonstrate the reproducibility at moderate field, and High-gradient Quadrupoles (HQ) to explore the magnet performance limits in terms of peak fields, forces and stresses. The HQ models are expected to achieve peak fields of 15 T or higher. A coil aperture of 90 mm, corresponding to gradients above 300 T/m, was chosen as the baseline. Peak stresses above 150 MPa are expected. Progress on the magnetic and mechanical design of the HQ models will be reported. C1 [Felice, Helene; Caspi, Shlomo; Ferracin, Paolo; Sabbi, GianLuca] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kashikhin, Vadim; Novitski, Igor; Zlobin, Alexander] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Felice, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM HFelice@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 281 EP 284 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921941 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700047 ER PT J AU Ferracin, P Ambrosio, G Bordini, B Caspi, S Dietderich, DR Felice, H Hafalia, AR Hannaford, CR Lizarazo, J Lietzke, AF McInturff, AD Sabbi, GL DiMarco, JD Tartaglia, M Vedrine, P AF Ferracin, P. Ambrosio, G. Bordini, B. Caspi, S. Dietderich, D. R. Felice, H. Hafalia, A. R. Hannaford, C. R. Lizarazo, J. Lietzke, A. F. McInturff, A. D. Sabbi, G. L. DiMarco, J. D. Tartaglia, M. Vedrine, P. TI Effect of axial loading on quench performance in Nb3Sn magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; Nb3Sn; superconducting magnets ID RACETRACK QUADRUPOLE MAGNET; MODEL QUADRUPOLE; DIPOLE MAGNET; DESIGN; LARP AB A series of tests has been performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) with the goal of assessing the influence of coil axial pre-load on Nb3Sn magnet training. The tests involved two subscale Nb3Sn magnets: SQ02, a quadrupole magnet fabricated as part of the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP), and SD01, a dipole magnet developed in collaboration between CEA/Saclay and LBNL. Both magnets used similar Nb3Sn flat racetrack coils from LBNL Subscale Magnet Program, and implemented an axial support system composed of stainless steel end-plates and aluminum rods. The system was designed to withstand full longitudinal electro-magnetic forces and provide controllable preloads. Quench performances, training, and quench locations have been recorded in various axial loading conditions. Test results are reported. C1 [Ferracin, P.; Caspi, S.; Dietderich, D. R.; Felice, H.; Hafalia, A. R.; Hannaford, C. R.; Lizarazo, J.; Lietzke, A. F.; McInturff, A. D.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ambrosio, G.; DiMarco, J. D.; Tartaglia, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Vedrine, P.] CEA Saclay, DAPNIA SACM LEAS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Ferracin, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pferracin@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 285 EP 288 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922306 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700048 ER PT J AU Makarov, A Drennan, C DiMarco, J Harding, DJ Kashikhin, VS Lackey, JR Prebys, EL Schlabach, P Velev, GV Walbridge, DG AF Makarov, A. Drennan, C. DiMarco, J. Harding, D. J. Kashikhin, V. S. Lackey, J. R. Prebys, E. L. Schlabach, P. Velev, G. V. Walbridge, D. G. TI Design and fabrication of a multi-element corrector magnet for the Fermilab Booster SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnets; corrector; dipole; quadrupole; sextupole AB A new package of six corrector elements has been designed to better control the beam position, tune, and chromaticity in the Fermilab Booster synchrotron. It incorporates both normal and skew orientations of dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole magnets. These new corrector magnets will be installed in the Fermilab Booster ring in place of old style corrector elements. A severe space restriction and rapid slew rate have posed special challenges. The magnet design, construction, and performance are presented. C1 [Makarov, A.; Drennan, C.; DiMarco, J.; Harding, D. J.; Kashikhin, V. S.; Lackey, J. R.; Prebys, E. L.; Schlabach, P.; Velev, G. V.; Walbridge, D. G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Makarov, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM amakarov@fnal.gov OI Drennan, Craig/0000-0003-3302-3789 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 334 EP 337 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921911 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700060 ER PT J AU Tartaglia, MA Blowers, J Capista, D Harding, DJ Kiemschies, O Rahimzadeh-Kalaleh, S Tompkins, JC AF Tartaglia, M. A. Blowers, J. Capista, D. Harding, D. J. Kiemschies, O. Rahimzadeh-Kalaleh, S. Tompkins, J. C. TI Magnet reliability in the Fermilab Main Injector and implications for the ILC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE electromagnet reliability AB The International Linear Collider reference design requires over 13000 magnets, of approximately 135 styles, which must operate with very high reliability. The Fermilab Main Injector represents a modern machine with many conventional magnet styles, each of significant quantity, that has now accumulated many hundreds of magnet-years of operation. We review here the performance of the magnets built for this machine, assess their reliability and categorize the failure modes, and discuss implications for reliability of similar magnet styles expected to be used at the ILC. C1 [Tartaglia, M. A.; Blowers, J.; Capista, D.; Harding, D. J.; Kiemschies, O.; Tompkins, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Rahimzadeh-Kalaleh, S.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. RP Tartaglia, MA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM tartaglia@fnal.gov RI R. K. Rodriguez, Said/H-7506-2014 OI R. K. Rodriguez, Said/0000-0001-8124-7643 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 338 EP 341 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922262 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700061 ER PT J AU Spencer, CM Kashikhin, V Tartaglia, M Tompkins, JC Palmer, M Parker, B Mattison, T Sugahara, R AF Spencer, Cherrill M. Kashikhin, Vladimir Tartaglia, Michael Tompkins, John C. Palmer, Mark Parker, Brett Mattison, Tom Sugahara, Ryuhei TI Overview of the 13,0001 magnets in the International Linear Collider SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnets; room temperature; superconducting ID SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET AB The International Linear Collider has about 80 km of beamlines which require over 13,000 magnets for focusing and steering the beams. Approximately 18% are superconducting magnets and the rest "conventional" warm iron-dominated magnets with copper coils, totaling about 135 styles. Superconducting technology is primarily used for the magnets located in the linacs' RF cryomodules, but it is also required for the spin rotation solenoids, damping ring wigglers, positron source undulator and beam delivery octupoles, sextupoles and final doublet quadrupoles. A major criterion for ILC magnet design is to achieve very high availability in spite of the very large number of magnets. The "availability" goal of the ILC is 85% (or better) and the magnets have been budgeted to cause no more than 0.75% down time. Alignment and mechanical stability requirements in many areas are very challenging. In the Beam Delivery System, beam positions must be maintained at sub-micron levels to collide the beams at the interaction point. The ILC has 11 styles of kicker, pulsed or septum magnets. Some kickers need rise and fall times of a few ns and will require very powerful pulsers. Strategies for dealing with the major challenges confronting the ILC magnets will be described. C1 [Spencer, Cherrill M.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94205 USA. [Kashikhin, Vladimir; Tartaglia, Michael; Tompkins, John C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Palmer, Mark] Cornell Univ, LEPP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Parker, Brett] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Mattison, Tom] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Sugahara, Ryuhei] KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Spencer, CM (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94205 USA. EM cher-rill@slac.stanford.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 342 EP 345 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922396 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700062 ER PT J AU Brindza, PD Lassiter, S Fowler, M AF Brindza, Paul D. Lassiter, Steven Fowler, Michael TI A super conducting 60 cm warm bore cosine theta dipole magnet for the Jefferson Lab Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE detector magnets; dipole magnets; superconducting magnets AB The Jefferson Lab 12 GeV upgrade involves building a new 12 GeV/c spectrometer for JLAB Hall C called the Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS). This device achieves 4.5 mSr acceptance at bend angles from 5.5 degrees to 40 degrees by using five magnetic elements. The other magnetic elements of the SHMS, including the small SC dipole used to achieve the small 5.5 degree scattering angle, are described elsewhere in this conference. The 4.5 T SC dipole provides momentum analysis for particles from 1 to 12 GeV/c and has bend strength of 13.5 Tm. The magnetic design, including multipole strengths, will be presented. The dipole's cold mass uses a stainless steel shrink fit force collar, titanium keys and a copper stabilized super conductor consisting of a 36 strand surplus SSC outer cable wave soldered to a copper extruded substrate. This combination provides for a very conservative magnet that can be assembled with little or no tooling and has a high degree of stability. The force collar mechanical analysis will be presented as well as details of the magnet cryostat. C1 [Brindza, Paul D.; Lassiter, Steven; Fowler, Michael] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Brindza, PD (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM Brindza@jlab.org NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 371 EP 374 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922257 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700068 ER PT J AU Klyukhin, VI Ball, A Bergsma, F Campi, D Cure, B Gaddi, A Gerwig, H Herve, A Korienek, J Linde, F Lindenmeyer, C Loveless, R Mulders, M Nebel, T Smith, RP Stickland, D Teafoe, G Veillet, L Zimmerman, JK AF Klyukhin, V. I. Ball, A. Bergsma, F. Campi, D. Cure, B. Gaddi, A. Gerwig, H. Herve, A. Korienek, J. Linde, F. Lindenmeyer, C. Loveless, R. Mulders, M. Nebel, T. Smith, R. P. Stickland, D. Teafoe, G. Veillet, L. Zimmerman, J. K. TI Measurement of the CMS magnetic field SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE flux-loops; Hall probes; magnetic field measurements; NMR probes; superconducting solenoid ID STEEL YOKE ELEMENTS AB The measurement of the magnetic field in the tracking volume inside the superconducting coil of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector under construction at CERN is done with a fieldmapper designed and produced at Fermilab. The fieldmapper uses 10 3-D B-sensors (Hall probes) developed at NIKHEF and calibrated at CERN to precision 0.05% for a nominal 4 T field. The precise fieldmapper measurements are done in 33840 points inside a cylinder of 1.724 m radius and 7 m long at central fields of 2, 3, 3.5, 3.8, and 4 T. Three components of the magnetic flux density at the CMS coil maximum excitation and the remanent fields on the steel-air interface after discharge of the coil are measured in check-points with 95 3-D B-sensors located near the magnetic flux return yoke elements. Voltages induced in 22 flux-loops made of 405-turn installed on selected segments of the yoke are sampled online during the entire fast discharge (190 s time-constant) of the CMS coil and integrated offline to provide a measurement of the initial magnetic flux density in steel at the maximum field to an accuracy of a few percent. The results of the measurements made at 4 T are reported and compared with a three-dimensional model of the CMS magnet system calculated with TOSCA. C1 [Klyukhin, V. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, RU-119992 Moscow, Russia. [Klyukhin, V. I.; Ball, A.; Bergsma, F.; Campi, D.; Cure, B.; Gaddi, A.; Gerwig, H.; Herve, A.; Mulders, M.; Veillet, L.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Korienek, J.; Lindenmeyer, C.; Nebel, T.; Smith, R. P.; Teafoe, G.; Zimmerman, J. K.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Linde, F.] Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Loveless, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stickland, D.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Klyukhin, VI (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, RU-119992 Moscow, Russia. EM Vyacheslav.Klyukhin@cern.ch; Austin.Ball@cern.ch; kork@fnal.gov; f.linde@nikhef.nl; loveless@hep.wisc.edu; David.Stickland@cern.ch RI Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012 OI Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531 NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 395 EP 398 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921242 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700074 ER PT J AU Chouhan, S Zeller, AF DeKamp, J Brindza, P Lassiter, S Fowler, M AF Chouhan, S. Zeller, A. F. DeKamp, J. Brindza, P. Lassiter, S. Fowler, M. TI A superconducting horizontal bend magnet for JLab's 12 Gev/c Super High Momentum Spectrometer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE cryostat; dipole magnet; superferric; warm iron AB Collaboration exists between NSCL and JLab to developing the reference design of JLab's Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) horizontal bend magnet. A Superconducting "C"type, superferric dipole magnet that allows the SHMS to reach small forward angles without restricting the SHMS's acceptance, degree of motion or range of particle energy is presented. Spatial requirements for the coexistence of the SHMS at forward angles of -5.5 degrees along with the existing High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS) at 12 to the primary beam line give rise to close tolerances on design parameters. The bending of 12 Gev/c particles by 3 requires an integral field strength up to 2.1 T.m. The current design is "warm-iron" with a nominal yoke length of 600 mm and a minimum pole gap of 350 mm. Choice of superconducting conductor, between surplus re-flattened SSC NbTi Rutherford cable that provides plenty of current margin and cost savings and Nb3Sn cable, noted for its temperature margin will be highlighted. Coil forces, coil restraint system, energy margins, hot spot and final temperatures, beam radiated heating and superconducting stability will also be presented. C1 [Chouhan, S.; Zeller, A. F.; DeKamp, J.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brindza, P.; Lassiter, S.; Fowler, M.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Chouhan, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM chouhan@nscl.msu.edu; brindza@jlab.org NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 403 EP 406 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920578 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700076 ER PT J AU Brindza, PD Lassiter, SR Fowler, MJ AF Brindza, Paul D. Lassiter, Steven R. Fowler, Michael J. TI The Cosine Two Theta quadruple magnets for the Jefferson Lab Super High Momentum Spectrometer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE detector magnets; quadrupole magnets; superconducting magnets AB The Jefferson Lab 12 GeV/c upgrade involves building a new 12 GeV/c spectrometer for JLAB's Hall C called the Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS). This device achieves 4.5 mStr acceptance at bend angles for 5.5 degrees to 40 degrees by using five magnetic elements in a DQQQD configuration. The Q1 quadrupole is described elsewhere in this conference and is an evolution of a cold iron magnet used previously for the existing JLAB 7.5 GeV/c High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS). The pair of identical Cosine Two Theta quads are an entirely new design with a large 60 cm warm bore and 13 T/m gradient. These 5 T Quads provide focusing for particles from 1 to 12 GeV/c and have an integral gradient strength of 23.5 (T/m)m. The magnetic design, including multipole strengths, will be presented. The quadrupole cold mass uses a stainless steel shrink fit force collar, titanium keys and a copper stabilized superconductor consisting of a 36 strand surplus SSC outer cable wave soldered to a copper extruded substrate. This combination provides for a very conservative magnet that can be assembled with little or no tooling and a high degree of stability. The force collar mechanical analysis will be presented as well as details of the magnet cryostat. C1 [Brindza, Paul D.; Lassiter, Steven R.; Fowler, Michael J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Brindza, PD (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. EM Brindza@jlab.org NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 415 EP 418 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922534 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700079 ER PT J AU Kim, SH Doose, CL Kustom, RL Moog, ER AF Kim, S. H. Doose, C. L. Kustom, R. L. Moog, E. R. TI Development of short-period Nb3Sn superconducting undulators for the APS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE Nb3Sn; superconducting undulators ID FIELD; DESIGN; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; FABRICATION; STRAIN AB Superconducting undulators (SCUs) with a period of 14.5 mm are under development for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) using Nb3Sn superconductors. The initial goal is to install a SCU with a 19- to 29-keV tuning range for the first harmonic photon energy. The design of the SCU assembly includes the interface with the beam chamber as an integral part of the assembly. A four-period Nb3Sn half SCU was fabricated and tested. After a number of quenches, the SCU was charged to an engineering current density of 1.92 kA/mm(2) in the coil pack. This corresponds to a peak field of 1.08 T on the beam axis with a pole gap of 8.5 mm. The achieved current density was approximately 90% of the engineering critical current density for the design calculations. With an operating current density of 1.6 kA/mm(2), the SCU will operate at a peak field of 0.95 T with some degree of stability. C1 [Kim, S. H.; Doose, C. L.; Kustom, R. L.; Moog, E. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkim@aps.anl.gov; doose@aps.anl.gov; rlk@aps.anl.gov; moog@aps.anl.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 431 EP 434 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.920528 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700083 ER PT J AU Godeke, A Cheng, D Dietderich, DR English, CD Felice, H Hannaford, CR Prestemon, SO Sabbi, G Scanlan, RM Hikichi, Y Nishioka, J Hasegawa, T AF Godeke, A. Cheng, D. Dietderich, D. R. English, C. D. Felice, H. Hannaford, C. R. Prestemon, S. O. Sabbi, G. Scanlan, R. M. Hikichi, Y. Nishioka, J. Hasegawa, T. TI Development of wind-and-react Bi-2212 accelerator magnet technology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnet; high temperature superconductor; wind-and-react; Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox; Bi-2212 ID NB3SN AB We report on the progress in our R&D program, targeted to develop the technology for the application of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox (Bi-2212) in accelerator magnets. The program uses subscale coils, wound from insulated cables, to study suitable materials, heat treatment homogeneity, stability, and effects of magnetic field and thermal and electro-magnetic loads. We have addressed material and reaction related issues and report on the fabrication, heat treatment, and analysis of subscale Bi-2212 coils. Such coils can carry a current on the order of 5000 A and generate, in various support structures, magnetic fields from 2.6 to 9.9 T. Successful coils are therefore targeted towards a hybrid Nb3Sn-HTS magnet which will demonstrate the feasibility of Bi-2212 for accelerator magnets, and open a new magnetic field realm, beyond what is achievable with Nb3Sn. C1 [Godeke, A.; Cheng, D.; Dietderich, D. R.; English, C. D.; Felice, H.; Hannaford, C. R.; Prestemon, S. O.; Sabbi, G.; Scanlan, R. M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hikichi, Y.; Nishioka, J.; Hasegawa, T.] SWCC Showa Cable Syst Co Ltd, Kanagawa 2291133, Japan. RP Godeke, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM agodeke@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 516 EP 519 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922536 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700103 ER PT J AU Sims, JR Rickel, DG Swenson, CA Schillig, JB Ellis, GW Ammerman, CN AF Sims, James R. Rickel, Dwight G. Swenson, Charles A. Schillig, Josef B. Ellis, Gretchen W. Ammerman, Curtt N. TI Assembly, commissioning and operation of the NHMFL 100 Tesla Multi-Pulse Magnet System SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE Cu-Nb; high field; pulsed magnet; 100 T ID PULSED MAGNETS; REINFORCEMENT; CONDUCTORS; MP35N; COIL AB The U. S. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 100 Tesla Multi-Pulse Magnet System is now successfully commissioned. This magnet system is the result of a long-term partnership project jointly funded by the U. S. Department of Energy-Office of Basic Energy Science and the National Science Foundation. Science experimentation inside the magnet started in December 2006 at the NHMFL Pulsed Field Science Facility located at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Repeated, non-destructive operation of the system with original components is continuing in the 85 T to 90 T range. The system will eventually combine a nominal 40 T platform field produced by a controlled-waveform generator-powered long-pulse magnet with a nominal 60 T field generated by a capacitor-bank powered pulsed insert magnet to produce the rated field. Milestone non-destructive operation to 88.9 T was achieved in October 2006. This paper will present an overview of the generator driven outsert magnet system together with the high-field pulsed insert magnet's design and construction. We will review commissioning and performance data through summer of 2007. Criteria for increasing the systems maximum field performance will also be reviewed addressing the goal to increase operating field level (in support of experiments) to 95 T and then to 100 T. C1 [Sims, James R.; Rickel, Dwight G.; Swenson, Charles A.; Schillig, Josef B.; Ellis, Gretchen W.; Ammerman, Curtt N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sims, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jsims@lanl.gov NR 20 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 587 EP 591 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922541 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700120 ER PT J AU Schlueter, RD Budinger, TF AF Schlueter, R. D. Budinger, T. F. TI Magic angle rotating. field NMR/MRI magnet for in vivo monitoring of tissue SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE in vivo monitoring; magic; angle; NMR MRI magnet; spectroscopic resolution ID RESOLUTION H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; NMR; SAMPLES AB A magic angle rotating field (MARE) NMR/MRI magnet has been designed and built, demonstrating future potential to realize vivo measurement of the chemical composition of specific biological tissues and organs, This proof of principle prototype opens the possibility for in situ magic angle scanning of stationary, living, biological specimens. Magnetic design strategy and performance capability are described. C1 [Schlueter, R. D.; Budinger, T. F.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Budinger, T. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Budinger, T. F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Schlueter, RD (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM RDSchlueter@lbl.gov; TFBudinger@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 864 EP 867 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921357 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700188 ER PT J AU Kashikhin, VV Barzi, E Kashikhin, VS Lamm, M Sadovskiy, Y Zlobin, AV AF Kashikhin, V. V. Barzi, E. Kashikhin, V. S. Lamm, M. Sadovskiy, Y. Zlobin, A. V. TI Study of high field superconducting solenoids for Muon beam cooling SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE high magnetic field; muon collider; solenoid; superconductor ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; 23.4 T; GENERATION; INSULATION; TEMPERATURE; COIL AB The final beam cooling stages of a possible Muon Collider may require DC solenoid magnets with magnetic fields of 40-50 T in an aperture of 40-50 mm. In this paper, we study possible solutions towards creating DC fields of that order using available superconductors. Several magnetic and mechanical designs, optimized for the maximum performance are presented and compared in terms of cost and size. C1 [Kashikhin, V. V.; Barzi, E.; Kashikhin, V. S.; Lamm, M.; Sadovskiy, Y.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kashikhin, VV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM vadim@fnal.gov; yaroslav@fnal.gov OI Sadovskiy, Yaroslav/0000-0003-0850-2470 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 928 EP 932 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921946 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700203 ER PT J AU Green, MA Virostek, SP AF Green, Michael A. Virostek, Steve P. TI Progress on the MICE tracker solenoids SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE detectors; fabrication; ionization; solenoids; superconducting coils AB The first magnets for the muon ionization cooling experiment will be the tracker solenoids that form the ends of the MICE cooling channel. The primary purpose of the tracker solenoids is to provide a uniform 4 T field (to better than +/- 0.3 percent over a volume that is 1 meter long and 0.3 meters in diameter) spectrometer magnet field for the scintillating fiber detectors that are used to analyse the muons in the channel before and after ionization cooling. A secondary purpose for the tracker magnet is the matching of the muon beam between the rest of the MICE cooling channel and the uniform field spectrometer magnet. The tracker solenoid is powered by three 300 amp power supplies. Additional tuning of the spectrometer is provided by a pair of 50 amp power supplies across the spectrometer magnet end coils. The tracker magnet will be cooled using a pair of 4 K pulse tube coolers that each provide 1.5 W of cooling at 4.2 K. Final design and construction of the tracker solenoids began during the summer of 2006. This report describes the progress made on the construction of the tracker solenoids. C1 [Green, Michael A.; Virostek, Steve P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM magreen@lbl.gov; spvirostek@lbl.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 933 EP 936 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921314 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700204 ER PT J AU Wang, L Green, MA Xu, FY Wu, H Li, LK Guo, XL Liu, CS Han, G Jia, LX Li, D Prestemon, SO Virostek, SP AF Wang, L. Green, M. A. Xu, F. Y. Wu, H. Li, L. K. Guo, X. L. Liu, C. S. Han, G. Jia, L. X. Li, D. Prestemon, S. O. Virostek, S. P. TI The engineering design of the 1.5 m diameter solenoid for the MICE RFCC modules SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE niobium titanium; passive quench protection; superconducting solenoid ID MAGNET; SYSTEM AB The RF coupling coil (RFCC) module of MICE is where muons that have been cooled within the MICE absorber focus (AFC) modules are re-accelerated to their original longitudinal momentum. The RFCC module consists of four 201.25 MHz RF cavities in a 1.4 meter diameter vacuum vessel. The muons are kept within the RF cavities by the magnetic field generated by a superconducting coupling solenoid that goes around the RF cavities. The coupling solenoid will be cooled using a pair of 4 K pulse tube cooler that will generate 1.5 W of cooling at 4.2 K. The magnet will be powered using a 300 A two-quadrant power supply. This report describes the ICST engineering design of the coupling solenoid for MICE. C1 [Wang, L.; Xu, F. Y.; Wu, H.; Li, L. K.; Guo, X. L.; Liu, C. S.; Han, G.; Jia, L. X.] Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Cryogen & Superconduct Technol, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Green, M. A.; Li, D.; Prestemon, S. O.; Virostek, S. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, L (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Cryogen & Superconduct Technol, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 937 EP 940 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922302 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700205 ER PT J AU Wang, L Wu, H Li, LK Green, MA Liu, CS Li, SY Liu, XK Jia, LX Virostek, SP AF Wang, L. Wu, H. Li, L. K. Green, M. A. Liu, C. S. Li, S. Y. Liu, X. K. Jia, L. X. Virostek, S. P. TI The helium cooling system and cold mass support system for the MICE coupling solenoid SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator RF systems; cooling; magnetic devices; superconducting magnet AB The MICE cooling channel consists of alternating three absorber focus coil module (AFC) and two RF coupling coil module (RFCC) where the process of muon cooling and reacceleration occurs. The RFCC module comprises a superconducting coupling solenoid mounted around four conventional conducting 201.25 MHz closed RF cavities and producing up to 2.2 T magnetic field on the centerline. The coupling coil magnetic field is to produce a low muon beam beta function in order to keep the beam within the RF cavities. The magnet is to be built using commercial niobium titanium MRI conductors and cooled by pulse tube coolers that produce 1.5 W of cooling capacity at 4.2 K each. A self-centering support system is applied for the coupling magnet cold mass support, which is designed to carry a longitudinal force up to 500 kN. This report will describe the updated design for the MICE coupling magnet. The cold mass support system and helium cooling system are discussed in detail. C1 [Wang, L.; Wu, H.; Li, L. K.; Liu, C. S.; Li, S. Y.; Liu, X. K.; Jia, L. X.] Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Cryogen & Superconduct Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Green, M. A.; Virostek, S. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, L (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Cryogen & Superconduct Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. EM wangli_icst@hit.edu.cn; magreen@lbl.gov; spvirostek@lbl.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 941 EP 944 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921252 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700206 ER PT J AU Iwashita, Y Ichikawa, M Tajima, Y Nakamura, S Kumada, M Spencer, CM Tauchi, T Kuroda, S Okugi, T Ino, T Muto, S Shimizu, HM AF Iwashita, Y. Ichikawa, M. Tajima, Y. Nakamura, S. Kumada, M. Spencer, C. M. Tauchi, T. Kuroda, S. Okugi, T. Ino, T. Muto, S. Shimizu, H. M. TI Strong variable permanent multipole magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE multipole magnets; neutron optics; particle beam optics; permanent magnets ID QUADRUPOLE AB Three super strong permanent multipole magnets have been made: a fixed strength quadrupole, a variable quadrupole and a variable sextupole. The inner and outer diameters of the first 100 mm-length quadrupole are 14 mm and 100 mm, respectively. This fixed strength quad has an integrated gradient of 28.5 T; where the gradient at the center is more than 2.9 T/cm. The second, variable, quadrupole has an integrated strength of 38 T with 15 mm inner diameter and 230 mm length at the maximum: there are sixteen positions in its variable strength with about a 2 T even step width. The sextupole model is intended to change its strength at 25 Hz. One application of a variable quadrupole magnet is a final doublet quadrupole for an e+e- linear collider. Permanent magnet sextupoles are useful for focusing of cold neutrons, which are a very useful probe for material research. Strong octupoles for beam tail folding in the final focus beamline of a linear collider will also be possible with permanent magnets. These high order multipoles made from permanent magnets can achieve higher strengths, for a given bore radius, than superconducting ones. Design works are presented starting from brief review. C1 [Iwashita, Y.; Ichikawa, M.; Tajima, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. [Nakamura, S.; Tauchi, T.; Kuroda, S.; Okugi, T.; Ino, T.; Muto, S.; Shimizu, H. M.] KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Kumada, M.] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638555, Japan. [Spencer, C. M.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Iwashita, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. EM iwashita@kyticr.kuicr.kyoto-u.ac.jp; mkumada@gmail.com; Cherrill@slac.stanford.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 957 EP 960 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921302 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700210 ER PT J AU Barzi, E Turrioni, D Zlobin, AV AF Barzi, E. Turrioni, D. Zlobin, A. V. TI Effect of transverse pressure on brittle superconductors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE critical current; Nb3Sn; Rutherford-type cable; transverse pressure ID RUTHERFORD-TYPE CABLES AB For the design of high field accelerator magnets based on brittle superconductors, it is important to know the dependence of the critical current of a cable as a function of transverse pressure. Several Rutherford-type cables were fabricated at Fermilab using multifilamentary composite strands. A fixture was used to measure the performance of a single strand within a reacted and impregnated cable under pressure. The sensitivity to transverse pressure was measured for a number of Nb3Sn strands made with the Powder-in-Tube (PIT) and Restack Rod Process (RRP) technologies. Results are presented and discussed, including the effect of a stainless steel core in the cable. C1 [Barzi, E.; Turrioni, D.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Barzi, E (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM barzi@fnal.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 980 EP 983 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921322 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700216 ER PT J AU Ghosh, AK Cooley, LD Dietderich, DR Sun, L AF Ghosh, A. K. Cooley, L. D. Dietderich, D. R. Sun, L. TI Transport and magnetization properties of rolled RRP Nb3Sn strands SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE cabling degradation; electric property measurements; magnetic property measurements; niobium-tin compounds ID CONDUCTOR DEVELOPMENT; PROGRAM AB Restack Rod Process (RRP) strands with 54 and 108 sub-elements were rolled from 0.7 mm diameter to 0.45 mm thickness to simulate the deformation of strands at the edges of Rutherford cables. Various diagnoses were then applied to assess performance and stability. Transport measurements were used to assess the effect of rolling on the critical current. Magnetization measurements were used to probe superconducting pathway bridging between deformed sub-elements. The copper residual resistivity ratio RRR was also measured to assess tin contamination due to thinned or ruptured diffusion barriers. While systematic changes were observed in all three measurements with increasing deformation, RRR showed the strongest changes. The implications of these measurements for cable stability, and their relationship to observations of the strand cross section by light microscopy, are discussed. C1 [Ghosh, A. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cooley, L. D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Dietderich, D. R.; Sun, L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ghosh, AK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM aghosh@bnl.gov; ldcooley@fnal.gov; drdietderich@lbl.gov RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015 OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 993 EP 996 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921910 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700219 ER PT J AU Kikuchi, A Yamada, R Barzi, E Lamm, M Takeuchi, T Turrioni, D Zlobin, AV AF Kikuchi, A. Yamada, R. Barzi, E. Lamm, M. Takeuchi, T. Turrioni, D. Zlobin, A. V. TI Cu stabilized Nb3Al strands for the high field accelerator magnet SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE copper stabilizer; effective filament diameter; flux jump; magnetization; Nb3Al strand; Rutherford cable; transverse compressive stress; twisting ID RUTHERFORD CABLES; NB3SN; SENSITIVITY; CONDUCTORS; PRESSURE AB Characteristics of recently developed Nb3Al strand though the RHQT (rapid heating/quenching and transformation) process are described. One kilometer-long copper stabilized Nb3Al round strands were economically fabricated with ion-plating and electroplating. The copper electroplating was successfully done with the high velocity of 5 m/h. A strong bonding between the copper and the precursor was achieved, and the mechanical rolling test did not show the separation of the copper stabilizer from the precursor. The rolled Nb3Al strands showed no degradation both in critical current density and RRR value. Magnetic instability at 4.2 K at low fields was apparently improved on the recent F3 strand, relative to the previously F1 stand because a tantalum was used for the interfilament matrix of precursor. The large magnetic flux jumps, which were observed with the F1 strand, were suppressed at 4.2 K, although appeared again below 3.0 K. The twisted strands are shown to be effective to reduce the time-dependent eddy current coupling. It was obtained 48 mu m of D-eff on F3 strand with twist pitch of 45 mm. In addition, the transverse pressure test for the F1 Nb3Al strand was performed at 4.2 K and 12 T. The critical current did not degrade with the transverse pressure up to 210 MPa. C1 [Kikuchi, A.; Takeuchi, T.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. [Yamada, R.; Barzi, E.; Lamm, M.; Turrioni, D.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kikuchi, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. EM kikuchi.akihiro@nims.go.jp NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1026 EP 1030 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921944 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700227 ER PT J AU Yamada, R Kikuchi, A Tartaglia, M Ambrosio, G Andreev, N Barzi, E Carcagno, R Feher, S Kashikin, VV Kotelnikov, S Lamm, M Novitski, I Orris, D Pischalnikov, Y Takeuchi, T Tompkins, JC Turrioni, D Wake, M Wands, R Xiao, J Yu, M Yuan, A Zlobin, AV AF Yamada, R. Kikuchi, A. Tartaglia, M. Ambrosio, G. Andreev, N. Barzi, E. Carcagno, R. Feher, S. Kashikin, V. V. Kotelnikov, S. Lamm, M. Novitski, I. Orris, D. Pischalnikov, Y. Takeuchi, T. Tompkins, J. C. Turrioni, D. Wake, M. Wands, R. Xiao, J. Yu, M. Yuan, A. Zlobin, A. V. TI Quench tests of Nb3Al small racetrack magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE cable test; instability; Nb3Al; quench; Rutherford cable; small racetrack superconducting magnet ID RUTHERFORD CABLE; STRANDS; COILS AB Two Cu stabilized Nb3Al strands, F1 (Nb matrix) and F3 (Ta matrix), fabricated at NIMS were wound into Rutherford cables at Fermilab in collaboration with NIMS. A Small Race-track magnet using F1 Rutherford cable, the first Nb3Al dipole magnet in the world, was constructed and tested to full current at Fermilab. This magnet was tested extensively to full short sample data and its quench characteristics were studied and reported. The 3-D magnetic field calculation was done with ANSYS to find the peak field. The quench characteristics of the magnet are explained with the characteristics of the Nb3Al strand and Rutherford cable. The Small Racetrack magnet built using Ta matrix F3 strand was constructed and will be tested in the near future. The advantages and disadvantages of these Nb3Al cables are briefly discussed. C1 [Yamada, R.; Tartaglia, M.; Ambrosio, G.; Andreev, N.; Barzi, E.; Carcagno, R.; Feher, S.; Kashikin, V. V.; Kotelnikov, S.; Lamm, M.; Novitski, I.; Orris, D.; Pischalnikov, Y.; Tompkins, J. C.; Turrioni, D.; Wands, R.; Xiao, J.; Yu, M.; Yuan, A.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kikuchi, A.; Takeuchi, T.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. [Wake, M.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Yamada, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM yamada@fnal.gov RI TAKEUCHI, Takao/H-2753-2011 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1039 EP 1042 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922274 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700230 ER PT J AU Martovetsky, N AF Martovetsky, Nicolai TI Testing large CICC in short sample configuration and predicting their performance in large magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE current distribution; electric field measurement; magnetic field; superconducting cables AB It is well known that large Nb3Sn Cable-in-Conduit Conductors (CICC) do not always completely utilize current carrying capacity of the strands they are made of. The modern state of theory is not accurate enough to eliminate CICC full scale testing. Measuring properties of large CICC is not a simple task due to variety of parameters that need to be controlled, like temperature, exposure of all the strands to the peak magnetic field, mass flow and particular nonuniform current distribution. The paper presents some measurement issues of CICC testing in a short sample test facility, particularly, conditions for uniform current distribution and effect of twist pitches on the critical current. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Martovetsky, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1072 EP 1075 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921215 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700238 ER PT J AU Turrioni, D Barzi, E Bossert, M Collings, EW Nazareth, V Sumptions, MD Yamada, R Zlobin, AV AF Turrioni, D. Barzi, E. Bossert, M. Collings, E. W. Nazareth, V. Sumptions, M. D. Yamada, R. Zlobin, A. V. TI Effects of Rutherford cable parameters on Nb3Sn extracted strand deformation and performance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE critical current density; magnetic instability; Nb3Sn; Rutherford cable ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; ACCELERATOR MAGNETS; FERMILAB AB In order to optimize parameters for Rutherford cables used in accelerator magnets, a number of cables were fabricated with different keystone angles, packing factors and numbers of strands. The effect of these parameters was measured on Nb3Sn strand performance and deformation for two different RRP designs. High and low field current carrying capabilities and RRR were measured for the extracted strands. To correlate strand deformation with performance, the former was measured for several cables and conditions as a function of the strand location in the cable cross section. C1 [Turrioni, D.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, M.; Yamada, R.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Collings, E. W.; Nazareth, V.; Sumptions, M. D.] Ohio State Univ, MSE, LASM, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Turrioni, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM barzi@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1114 EP 1117 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922386 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700248 ER PT J AU Collings, EW Sumption, MD Susner, MA Dietderich, DR Barzi, E Zlobin, AV Ilyin, Y Nijhuis, A AF Collings, E. W. Sumption, M. D. Susner, M. A. Dietderich, D. R. Barzi, E. Zlobin, A. V. Ilyin, Y. Nijhuis, A. TI Influence of a stainless steel core on coupling loss, interstrand contact resistance, and magnetization of an Nb(3)Sn Rutherford cable SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE AC loss; calorimetry; effective filament diameter; interstrand contact resistance; magnetization; magnetometry; Nb(3)Sn; Rutherford cable ID SUPERCONDUCTING CABLES; AC LOSS; FIELDS AB Calorimetric and magnetic AC loss measurements were made on a pair of TQ ("technology quadrupole") class cables, one with and the other without a stainless steel core. The coupling losses are compared to the cables' hysteretic losses determined at the same time; the latter being compared to the magnetically measured hysteretic losses of individual strand segments. The outcomes of these measurements were: (i) the effective interstrand contact resistances of the uncored and cored cables, (ii) their hysteretic losses translated in terms of "effective, ICRs (interstrand contact resistances)" for comparison with the above, and hence an evaluation of the real effectiveness of the core in a contemporary Nb(3)Sn cable (iii) a comparison of the cable and strand hysteretic losses and hence an estimate of an effective filament diameter, d(eff), for the as-cabled strands. C1 [Collings, E. W.; Sumption, M. D.; Susner, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Labs Appl Superconduct & Magnetism, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dietderich, D. R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Superconducting Magnet Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barzi, E.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ilyin, Y.; Nijhuis, A.] Univ Twente, Fac Appl Phys, Low Temp Div, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RP Collings, EW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Labs Appl Superconduct & Magnetism, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM collings.2@osu.edu; mdsumption+@osu.edu; drdietderich@lbl.gov; barzi@fnal.gov; zlobin@fnal.gov; y.ilyin@tnw.utwente.nl; a.nijhuis@tnw.utwente.nl RI Susner, Michael/B-1666-2013; Susner, Michael/G-3275-2015; Sumption, Mike/N-5913-2016 OI Susner, Michael/0000-0002-1211-8749; Susner, Michael/0000-0002-1211-8749; Sumption, Mike/0000-0002-4243-8380 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1301 EP 1304 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921896 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700293 ER PT J AU Bordini, B Barzi, E Feher, S Rossi, L Zlobin, AV AF Bordini, B. Barzi, E. Feher, S. Rossi, L. Zlobin, A. V. TI Self-field effects in magneto-thermal instabilities for Nb-Sn strands SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE instability; magnet; Nb3Sn; superconductor ID NB3SN STRANDS; MAGNETIC INSTABILITIES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; STABILITY AB Recent advancements in the critical current density (J(c)) of Nb3Sn conductors, coupled with a large effective filament size, have drawn attention to the problem of magneto-thermal instabilities. At low magnetic fields, the quench current of such high J(c) Nb3Sn strands is significantly lower than their critical current because of the above-mentioned instabilities. An adiabatic model to calculate the minimum current at which a strand can quench due to magneto-thermal instabilities is developed. The model is based on an 'integral' approach already used elsewhere [1]. The main difference with respect to the previous model is the addition of the self-field effect that allows to describe premature quenches of non-magnetized Nb3Sn strands and to better calculate the quench current of strongly magnetized strands. The model is in good agreement with experimental results at 4.2 K obtained at Fermilab using virgin Modified Jelly Roll (MJR) strands with a low Residual Resistivity Ratio (RRR) of the stabilizing copper. The prediction of the model at 1.9 K and the results of the tests carried out at CERN, at 4.2 K and 1.9 K, on a 0.8 mm Rod Re-Stack Process (RRP) strand with a low RRR value are discussed. At 1.9 K the test revealed an unexpected strand performance at low fields that might be a sign of a new stability regime. C1 [Bordini, B.; Rossi, L.] CERN, Accelerator Technol Dept, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Barzi, E.; Feher, S.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bordini, B (reprint author), CERN, Accelerator Technol Dept, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM bernardo.bordini@cern.ch NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1309 EP 1312 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921899 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700295 ER PT J AU Terechkine, I Veretennikov, V AF Terechkine, I. Veretennikov, V. TI Normal zone propagation in superconducting focusing solenoids and related quench protection issues SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnets; protection; solenoids; superconducting linear accelerators; superconducting magnets AB Superconducting solenoids are increasingly used as focusing lenses in transport channels of linear RF accelerators of ions. If these accelerators employ superconducting RF cavities, each focusing lens is usually comprised of three coils connected in series: a main coil, which provides the needed focusing strength, and two bucking coils, that help to reduce magnetic field outside the lens. When a normal zone develops in any of the coils in a focusing lens, it propagates with a direction and a rate which depends on the coil and the specific part of the coil in which the quench first occurred. As a result of this propagation process (quenching), the temperature and/or voltage of parts of the lens can exceed safe limits, thus compromising lens reliability. On the other hand, the negative impact of quench events can be significantly mitigated if an external resistor is used to absorb a part of the energy stored in the magnetic field. This paper presents the main results of a solenoid quench protection study based on computational modeling of normal zone propagation in solenoid lenses being built for a superconducting linear RF accelerator under development at Fermilab. C1 [Terechkine, I.; Veretennikov, V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Terechkine, I (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM terechki@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1325 EP 1328 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921891 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700299 ER PT J AU Collings, EW Sumption, MD Barzi, E Turrioni, D Yamada, R Zlobin, AV Ilyin, Y Nijhuis, A AF Collings, E. W. Sumption, M. D. Barzi, E. Turrioni, D. Yamada, R. Zlobin, A. V. Ilyin, Y. Nijhuis, A. TI Effect of core width, placement, and condition on calorimetrically measured AC loss and interstrand contact resistance of stainless-steel-cored Nb3Sn Rutherford cables SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE AC loss; calorimetric measurement; interstrand contact resistance; Nb3Sn; Rutherford cable ID SUPERCONDUCTING CABLES; COUPLING LOSS; MAGNETS; COMPACTION; FIELDS AB Calorimetric measurements of AC loss were made on Nb3Sn Rutherford cables furnished with cores of widths 4.5, 5.2, and 10.8 mm in the face-on (FO) and edge-on (EO) orientations of the applied AC field. The resulting FO-measured effective mterstrand contact resistances, R-perpendicular to,R-ef f., were compared with that of the uncored cable after which it was noted that although the uncored R-perpendicular to,R-eff. agreed well with those of previously measured cables, the cored values -0.3 to 8 mu Omega-were lower than expectation. The relatively low R(perpendicular to,eff.)s are attributed to (i) drifting of the narrower cores to one edge of the cable (ii) shrinkage of the effective width of the widest core as a result of severe texturization. After correcting for these deficiencies the projected R-perpendicular to,R-eff. for the widest-core cable moved closer to the range of values expected for a full-width-core Nb3Sn cable. C1 [Collings, E. W.; Sumption, M. D.] Ohio State Univ, LASM, MSE Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Barzi, E.; Turrioni, D.; Yamada, R.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ilyin, Y.; Nijhuis, A.] Univ Twente, Fac Appl Phys, Low Temp Div, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RP Collings, EW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, LASM, MSE Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM collings.2@osu.edu; mdsump-tion+@osu.edu; barzi@fnal.gov; zlobin@fnal.gov; y.ilyin@tnw.utwente.nl; a.nijhuis@tnw.utwente.nl RI Sumption, Mike/N-5913-2016 OI Sumption, Mike/0000-0002-4243-8380 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1370 EP 1373 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921893 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700310 ER PT J AU Zhang, W Sandberg, J Marneris, I AF Zhang, W. Sandberg, J. Marneris, I. TI Multiphase transformer effect and harmonic response analysis of accelerator power system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE accelerator magnets; accelerator power supplies; coupled transmission lines; distributed parameter circuits; superconducting accelerator magnets AB Accelerator main dipole magnet system magnetic field regulation depends on its transmission line characteristic properties and its power supply system regulations. In addition, the main magnet AC power transformer configuration has indirect impact on the field quality of dipole magnet. A large accelerator main magnet system consists of hundreds, even thousands, of dipole magnets. They are linked together under selected configurations to provide uniform dipole fields when powered. When all dipole magnets are linked together in a synchrotron, they become a coupled pair of very high order complex ladder networks due to magnet parasitic capacitance, leakage resistance, and conductor resistance. In this study, we present multiphase transformer effect and harmonic response analysis of AGS main magnet system. C1 [Zhang, W.; Sandberg, J.; Marneris, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM arling@bnl.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1406 EP 1410 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.922372 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700319 ER PT J AU Huang, YN Hays, S Piekarz, H de Rijk, G Rossi, L AF Huang, Yuenian Hays, Steven Piekarz, Henryk de Rijk, Gijsbert Rossi, Lucio TI Design considerations of a pair of power leads for fast-cycling superconducting accelerator magnets operating at 2 tesla and 100 kA SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE AC losses; fast cycling accelerator; HTS superconductor; magnets; transmission line magnet AB Recently proposed injector accelerator, Low Energy Ring (LER) for the LHC and fast cycling accelerators for the proton drivers, SF-SPS at CERN and Dual Super-Ferric-Main Ring (DSF-MR) at Fermilab of neutrino sources require that a new magnet technology be developed. In support of this accelerator program, a pair of power leads needs to be developed to close the loop between the power supply and accelerator system. The magnet proposed to be used will be a modified transmission line magnet technology that would allow for accelerator quality magnetic field sweep of 2 T/s. The transmission line conductor will be using HTS technology and cooled with supercritical helium at 5 K. The power leads consist of two sections; upper one is a copper and lower section will be using HTS tapes. The accelerator magnet will be ramped to 100 kA in a second and almost immediately ramped down to zero in one second. This paper outlines the design considerations for the power leads to meet the operational requirements for the. accelerator system. The power leads thermal analysis during the magnet powering cycle will be included. C1 [Huang, Yuenian; Hays, Steven; Piekarz, Henryk] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [de Rijk, Gijsbert; Rossi, Lucio] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Huang, YN (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM huangy@fnal.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1435 EP 1438 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921220 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700326 ER PT J AU Green, MA Yang, SQ Cobb, J Lau, P Lau, WW Witte, H Baynham, DE Bradshaw, TW AF Green, M. A. Yang, S. Q. Cobb, J. Lau, P. Lau, W. W. Witte, H. Baynham, D. E. Bradshaw, T. W. TI The effect of magnetic field on the position of HTS leads and the cooler in the services tower of the MICE focusing magnet SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE HTS leads; service tower; 4 K cooler ID SYSTEM; DESIGN AB The MICE focusing solenoids have three 4 K coolers (two for the superconducting magnet and one for the liquid absorber) and four HTS leads that feed the current to the focusing coils. The focusing solenoids produce large radial external fields when they operate with the polarity of the two coils in opposition (the gradient or flip mode). When the MICE focusing coils operate at the same polarity (the solenoid or non-flip mode), the fields are much smaller and parallel to the axis of the solenoid. The worst-case magnetic field affects the selection of the cooler and the HTS leads. This magnetic field can also determine the height of the service towers that house the three coolers and the four HTS leads. This paper shows the criteria used for Cooler selection, HTS lead selection, and the position of both the cooler and leads with respect to the solenoid axis of rotation. C1 [Green, M. A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, S. Q.; Cobb, J.; Lau, P.; Lau, W. W.; Witte, H.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Baynham, D. E.; Bradshaw, T. W.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, CCLRC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM magreen@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1447 EP 1450 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921273 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700329 ER PT J AU Alsharo'a, M Barzi, E Bossert, M Johnson, RP Turrioni, D Yamada, R Zlobin, AV AF Alsharo'a, M. Barzi, E. Bossert, M. Johnson, R. P. Turrioni, D. Yamada, R. Zlobin, A. V. TI Optimization of brittle superconducting Nb3Sn strand designs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE Nb3Sn plastic deformation; Nb3Sn strain; Nb3Sn strands; restacked rod process AB Finite element simulations and experimental measurements of Nb3Sn deformed strand cross sections were performed to study their structural behavior during cabling. A variety of Nb3Sn strand designs were modeled to identify and optimize design parameters like sub-element shape, number of sub-elements, and their spacing. The model results were correlated to the experimental results. This led to a numerical-experimental approach that is effective in predicting fracture, merging, and deformation of the sub-elements. Strains were calculated as a function of strand deformation for strands with 54, 120, and 210 sub-elements and a local Cu-to-non-Cu ratio of 0.165. Strains as a function of strand deformation were also calculated for 120/127 strands with a local Cu-to-non-Cu ratio of 0.11, 50% increased spacing, and 100% increased spacing between sub-elements. Results showed that increasing the spacing by 100% reduces the maximum strain-x, maximum strain-y, and maximum strain-xy by 14%, 13%, and 29% respectively at a 30% strand deformation level. Also, results revealed that the maximum strain components are always located in the sub-elements close to the center of the strands, which agrees with the experimental findings. C1 [Alsharo'a, M.; Johnson, R. P.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Barzi, E.; Bossert, M.; Turrioni, D.; Yamada, R.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Alsharo'a, M (reprint author), Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM sharo@muonsinc.com NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1496 EP 1499 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.92131 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700341 ER PT J AU Lizarazo, J Lietzke, AF Sabbi, GL Ferracin, R Caspi, S Zimmerman, S Joseph, J Doering, D AF Lizarazo, J. Lietzke, A. F. Sabbi, G. L. Ferracin, R. Caspi, S. Zimmerman, S. Joseph, J. Doering, D. TI Measurement of fast voltage transients in high-performance Nb3Sn magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE LARP; Nb3Sn; superconducting magnets AB The Superconducting Magnet group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing Nb3Sn high-field accelerator magnet technology for the last fifteen years. In order to support the magnet R&D effort, we are developing a diagnostic system that can help identify the causes of performance limiting quenches by recording small flux-changes within the magnet prior to quench-onset. These analysis techniques were applied to the test results from recent Nb3Sn magnets. This paper will examine various types of events and their distinguishing characteristics. The present measurement techniques are discussed along with the design of a new data acquisition system that will substantially improve the quality of the recorded signals. C1 [Lizarazo, J.; Lietzke, A. F.; Sabbi, G. L.; Ferracin, R.; Caspi, S.; Zimmerman, S.; Joseph, J.; Doering, D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lizarazo, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jlizarazo@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1581 EP 1584 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921306 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700362 ER PT J AU Jain, A Ganetis, G Ghosh, A Louie, W Marone, A Thomas, R Wanderer, P AF Jain, Animesh Ganetis, George Ghosh, Arup Louie, Wing Marone, Andrew Thomas, Richard Wanderer, Peter TI Field quality measurements at high ramp rates in a prototype dipole for the FAIR project SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE facility for antiproton and ion research; fast ramped magnets; magnetic field measurement; superconducting accelerator magnets ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; CURRENTS AB Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has built a prototype superconducting dipole for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI that can be ramped at a high rate (1-4 T/s). To characterize the field quality at such high ramp rates, a measurement system consisting of 16 printed circuit windings was developed. In this system, the signals induced in all the windings as the magnet is ramped are analyzed to obtain the field harmonics. Initial measurements with this system suffered from somewhat poor resolution of the ADCs used for data acquisition. Also, only a few low order harmonics could be obtained with the 16 signals. These drawbacks have been addressed by replacing the ADCs with HP3458A voltmeters and by combining data taken with two different orientations of the probe. This has allowed us to measure very precisely (similar to 10 ppm of the dipole field) all the harmonics up to the 26-pole at ramp rates up to 4.3 T/s. The data analysis and results with this improved system are presented. C1 [Jain, Animesh; Ganetis, George; Ghosh, Arup; Louie, Wing; Marone, Andrew; Thomas, Richard; Wanderer, Peter] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Superconding Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Jain, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Superconding Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jain@bnl.gov; ganetis1@bnl.gov; louie@bnl.gov; andym@bnl.gov; thomas1@bnl.gov; wanderer@bnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1629 EP 1632 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921219 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700374 ER PT J AU DiMarco, J Harding, DJ Kashikhin, V Kotelnikov, S Lamm, M Makulski, A Nehring, R Orris, D Schlabach, P Schappert, W Sylvester, C Tartaglia, M Tompkins, J Velev, GV AF DiMarco, J. Harding, D. J. Kashikhin, V. Kotelnikov, S. Lamm, M. Makulski, A. Nehring, R. Orris, D. Schlabach, P. Schappert, W. Sylvester, C. Tartaglia, M. Tompkins, J. Velev, G. V. TI Fast-sampling, fixed coil array for measuring the AC field of Fermilab Booster corrector magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Magnet Technology CY AUG 27-31, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE Council Appl Superconductiv DE AC field measurements; circuit board magnet measurement probes; fast magnetic field measurements AB A system employing an array of inductive pick-up coils around the perimeter of a cylinder has been developed for measurements of the rapidly changing field in the new corrector magnets for the Fermilab Booster. The coils are fabricated on printed circuit boards and feature windings which buck dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole fields, allowing sensitive measurements of both strength and higher-order harmonics. The array of coils is simultaneously sampled at data rates of up to 100 kHz with 10 kHz bandwidth using 24-bit ADC's. C1 [DiMarco, J.; Harding, D. J.; Kashikhin, V.; Kotelnikov, S.; Lamm, M.; Makulski, A.; Nehring, R.; Orris, D.; Schlabach, P.; Schappert, W.; Sylvester, C.; Tartaglia, M.; Tompkins, J.; Velev, G. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP DiMarco, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM dimarco@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 1633 EP 1636 DI 10.1109/TASC.2008.921266 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 311UK UT WOS:000256625700375 ER PT J AU Tanaka, T Sauers, I AF Tanaka, Toshikatsu Sauers, Isidor TI Cryogenic dielectrics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Tanaka, Toshikatsu] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Sauers, Isidor] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tanaka, T (reprint author), Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 3 BP 619 EP 619 DI 10.1109/TDEI.2008.4543096 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 310LS UT WOS:000256531700001 ER PT J AU Pennisi, CP Greenbaum, E Yoshida, K AF Pennisi, Cristian P. Greenbaum, Elias Yoshida, Ken TI Spatial distribution of the electric potential from Photosystem I reaction centers in lipid vesicles SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOBIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE finite-element method; molecular electronics; photosynthetic reaction centers; Poisson-Boltzmann equation ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; POISSON-BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; FUNCTIONAL RECONSTITUTION; ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; MEMBRANE; CELLS; COMPLEXES; CHANNELS; CHARGES; PROTEIN AB Photosynthetic reaction centers are integral membrane complexes that produce a net transmembrane charge separation in response to light. The Photosystem I (PSI) complex is a thoroughly studied reaction center that has been proposed as a nanoscale photovoltaic structure in diverse applications, including activation of excitable cells by triggering of voltage-gated ion channels. An electrostatic model of a spherical lipid vesicle embedded with PSI and suspended in an aqueous medium is presented. The distribution of the electric potential is obtained by solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation with the finite-element method. The model predicts a maximum potential difference of 1.3 V between charges. This value depends mostly on the intrinsic dielectric constants of the reaction center and distance between charges. However, the potential distribution near the reaction center depends on the ionic strength of the aqueous medium. When the ionic strength is zero, the vesicle develops a transmembrane potential that increases linearly with the density of reaction centers. When the ionic strength increases, this potential difference approaches to zero. The main results of the simulations are consistent with previously reported experimental data. Based on the presented results, the potential application of PSI to light activation of voltage-gated ion channels is discussed. C1 [Pennisi, Cristian P.] Univ Aalborg, Ctr Sensory Motor Interact, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark. [Greenbaum, Elias] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yoshida, Ken] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Pennisi, CP (reprint author), Univ Aalborg, Ctr Sensory Motor Interact, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark. EM cpennisi@hst.aau.dk; green-baum@ornl.gov; yoshidak@iupui.edu RI Pennisi, Cristian/B-6878-2008 OI Pennisi, Cristian/0000-0002-7716-1182 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-1241 J9 IEEE T NANOBIOSCI JI IEEE Trans. Nanobiosci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1109/TNB.2008.2000748 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 310LR UT WOS:000256531600007 PM 18556264 ER PT J AU Williams, R Melcher, C Ferris, K Moses, B Ucer, B AF Williams, Richard Melcher, Chuck Ferris, Kim Moses, Bill Ucer, Burak TI 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications (SCINT 2007) Winston-Salem, NC, June 4-8, 2007 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Williams, Richard; Ucer, Burak] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Melcher, Chuck] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ferris, Kim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Moses, Bill] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Williams, R (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. OI Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1034 EP 1034 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.926174 PN 2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800001 ER PT J AU Ferris, KF Webb-Robertson, BJM Jordan, DV Jones, DM AF Ferris, Kim F. Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M. Jordan, David V. Jones, Dumont M. TI Data-driven exploration of the ionization-phonon partitioning in scintillating radiation detector materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE information theory; materials chemistry; phonons; scintillation detectors ID INFORMATICS; SYSTEMS; MAPS AB An information-based approach to scintillating materials development has been applied to ranking the alkali halide and alkaline earth halide series in terms of their energy conversion efficiency. The efficiency of scintillating radiation detection materials can be viewed as the product of a consecutive series of electronic processes (energy conversion, transfer, and luminescence) as outlined by Lempicki and others. Relevant data are relatively sparse, but sufficient for the development of forward mapping of materials properties through materials signatures. These mappings have been used to explore the limits of the branching ratio between the ionization and phonons (K) in the Lempicki model with chemical composition, and examine its relationship with another common design objective, density. The alkali halides and alkaline earth halide compounds separate themselves into distinct behavior classes favoring heavier cations and anions for improved values of the K ratio. While the coupling of ionization is strongly related to the optical phonon modes, both dielectric and band gap contributions cannot be ignored. When applied as a candidate screen, the resulting model for K suggests design rules-simple structural restrictions-on scintillating radiation detector materials. C1 [Ferris, Kim F.; Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.; Jordan, David V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jones, Dumont M.] Proximate Technol LLC, Columbus, OH 43209 USA. RP Ferris, KF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kim.ferris@pnl.gov; bobbie-jo.webb-robertson@pnl.gov; david.jordan@pnl.gov; dumont.jones@prxt.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1042 EP 1048 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.924062 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800003 ER PT J AU Moses, WW Payne, SA Choong, WS Hull, G Reutter, BW AF Moses, W. W. Payne, S. A. Choong, W. -S. Hull, G. Reutter, B. W. TI Scintillator non-proportionality: Present understanding and future challenges SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE electron response; non-proportionality; photon response; scintillation mechanisms; scintillators ID LIGHT YIELD NONPROPORTIONALITY; INTRINSIC ENERGY RESOLUTION; MEASURED ELECTRON RESPONSE; CRYSTALS; NAI(TI); CSI(TL); LSO AB Scintillator non-proportionality (the fact that the conversion factor between the energy deposited in a scintillator and the number of visible photons produced is not constant) has been studied both experimentally and theoretically for similar to 50 years. Early research centered on the dependence of the conversion factor on the species of the ionizing radiation (gamma, alpha, beta, proton, etc.), and researchers during the 1960's discovered a strong correlation between the scintillation efficiency and the ionization density. In more recent years, non-proportionality has been proposed as the reason why the energy resolution of most scintillators is worse than that predicted by counting statistics. While much progress has been made, there are still major gaps in our understanding of both the fundamental causes of non-proportionality and their quantitative link to scintillator energy resolution. This paper summarizes the present state of knowledge on the nature of the light-yield non-proportionality and its effect on energy resolution. C1 [Moses, W. W.; Choong, W. -S.; Reutter, B. W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Payne, S. A.; Hull, G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Moses, WW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wwmoses@lbl.gov NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1049 EP 1053 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922802 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800004 ER PT J AU Choong, WS Hull, G Moses, WW Vetter, KM Payne, SA Cherepy, NJ Valentine, JD AF Choong, Woon-Seng Hull, Giulia Moses, William W. Vetter, Kai M. Payne, Stephen A. Cherepy, Nerine J. Valentine, John D. TI Performance of a facility for measuring scintillator non-proportionality SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE Compton coincidence; electron response; scintillation mechanisms; scintillator non-proportionality; scintillators ID INTRINSIC ENERGY RESOLUTION; CRYSTALS; NONPROPORTIONALITY; NAI(TL) AB We have constructed a second-generation Compton coincidence instrument, known as the Scintillator Light Yield Non-proportionality Characterization Instrument (SLYNCI), to characterize the electron response of scintillating materials. While the SLYNCI design includes more and higher efficiency HPGe detectors than the original apparatus (five 25%-30% detectors versus one 10% detector), the most novel feature is that no collimator is placed in front of the HPGe detectors. Because of these improvements, the SLYNCI data collection rate is over 30 times higher than the original instrument. In this paper, we present a validation study of this instrument, reporting on the hardware implementation, calibration, and performance. We discuss the analysis method and present measurements of the electron response of two different NaI:TI samples. We also discuss the systematic errors of the measurement, especially those that are unique to SLYNCI We find that the apparatus is very stable, but that careful attention must be paid to the energy calibration of the HPGe detectors. C1 [Choong, Woon-Seng; Moses, William W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hull, Giulia; Vetter, Kai M.; Payne, Stephen A.; Cherepy, Nerine J.; Valentine, John D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Choong, WS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wschoong@lbl.gov RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X NR 21 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1073 EP 1078 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922824 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800008 ER PT J AU Gao, F Campbell, LW Xie, YL Devanathan, R Peurrung, AJ Weber, WJ AF Gao, Fei Campbell, Luke W. Xie, Yulong Devanathan, Ram Peurrung, Anthony J. Weber, William J. TI Electron-hole pairs created by photons and intrinsic properties in detector materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE detector materials; electron-hole pairs; full electron cascade; intrinsic resolution; Monte Carlo simulation ID CROSS-SECTIONS; SILICON; SCATTERING; SIMULATION; ENERGIES; POSITRONS; GE AB A Monte Carlo (MC) code has been developed to simulate the interaction of gamma-rays with semiconductors and scintillators, and the subsequent energy partitioning of fast electrons. The results provide insights on the processes involved in the electron-hole pair yield and intrinsic variance through simulations of full electron energy cascades. The MC code has been applied to simulate the production of electron-hole pairs and to evaluate intrinsic resolution in a number of semiconductors. In addition, the MC code is also able to consider the spatial distribution of electron-hole pairs induced by photons and electrons in detector materials, and has been employed to obtain details of the spatial distribution of electron-hole pairs in Ge, as a benchmark case. The preliminary results show that the distribution of electron-hole pairs exhibit some important features; (a) the density of electron-hole pairs along the main electron track is very high and (b) most electron-hole pairs produced by interband transitions are distributed at the periphery of the cascade volume. The spatial distribution and density of thermalized electron-hole pairs along the primary and secondary tracks are important for large scale simulations of electron-hole pair transport. C1 [Gao, Fei; Campbell, Luke W.; Xie, Yulong; Devanathan, Ram; Peurrung, Anthony J.; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM fei.gao@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012; Devanathan, Ram/C-7247-2008; Melcher, Charles/E-9818-2012; Xie, Yulong/O-9322-2016 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Devanathan, Ram/0000-0001-8125-4237; Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764; Xie, Yulong/0000-0001-5579-482X NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1079 EP 1085 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.908917 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800009 ER PT J AU Zhang, YW Elfman, M Milbrath, BD Weber, WJ AF Zhang, Yanwen Elfman, Mikael Milbrath, Brian D. Weber, William J. TI Evaluate scintillation response over a continuous energy region SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE helium; nonlinearities; scintillation detectors; time of flight ID INORGANIC SCINTILLATORS; CHARGED-PARTICLES; CRYSTALS; BGO; DETECTOR; IONS; LSO AB A recently developed fast analysis technique utilizing a time of flight (TOF) telescope is demonstrated to obtain relevant quantitative data on material scintillation response to energetic He particles. With the superior energy resolution and fast response of the TOF telescope, the energy of individual particles before impinging on a scintillator crystal can be determined with a high count rate, allowing quantitative study of material performance over a continuous energy range in a relatively short time. Scintillation performance in terms of light output, nonlinearity and energy resolution in bismuth germanate (BGO) and europium-doped calcium fluoride (CaF2:Eu) crystals is demonstrated, and the corresponding energy resolution is compared with gamma-ray tests on the same crystals. C1 [Zhang, Yanwen; Milbrath, Brian D.; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Elfman, Mikael] Lund Inst Technol, Dept Nucl Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Zhang, YW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1097 EP 1101 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922821 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800012 ER PT J AU Goedeke, SM Hollerman, WA Allison, SW Gray, PA Lewis, LA Smithwick, RW Boatner, LA Glasgow, DC Fontenot, RS Wise, H AF Goedeke, S. M. Hollerman, W. A. Allison, S. W. Gray, P. A. Lewis, L. A. Smithwick, R. W., III Boatner, L. A. Glasgow, D. C. Fontenot, R. S. Wise, H. TI Comparison of cathodoluminescent and photoluminescent emission spectra of LuPO4 with europium, erbium, and neodymium dopants SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE ID ELECTRON-MICROPROBE ANALYSIS AB The current interest in returning human exploration to the Moon and Mars makes cost-effective and low-mass health monitoring sensors essential for spacecraft development. In space, there are many surface measurements that are required to monitor the condition of the spacecraft including: surface temperature, radiation dose, and impact. Through the use of tailored phosphors, these conditions can be monitored. Practical space-based phosphor sensors will depend heavily upon research investigating the resistance of phosphors to ionizing radiation and their ability to anneal or "self-heal" from damage caused by ionizing radiation. For the present research, a group of lutetium orthophosphate (LuPO4) crystals with dopants including europium, erbium, and neodymium. were characterized. Cathodoluminescence (CL) testing was performed using the Low Energy Electron system located at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The data were collected using an Ocean Optics HR4000 spectrometer and a fiber optic feed-through. Previous research has shown that increases in both beam energy and current density improved the CL fluorescence yield. While the total electron dose was small, the intention was to maximize the number of irradiated materials. Additionally, these samples were evaluated using a PTI Quantum Master Spectrophotometer to determine the photoluminescence emission spectra. C1 [Goedeke, S. M.; Allison, S. W.; Lewis, L. A.; Smithwick, R. W., III; Boatner, L. A.; Glasgow, D. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hollerman, W. A.; Fontenot, R. S.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Gray, P. A.; Wise, H.] Integrated Concepts & Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP Goedeke, SM (reprint author), McHale & Associates, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM goedekesm@hotmail.com; hollerman@louisiana.edu RI Fontenot, Ross/B-5294-2011; Hollerman, William/F-5943-2011; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; OI Fontenot, Ross/0000-0002-9555-0878; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Allison, Stephen/0000-0002-5887-5403 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1107 EP 1110 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.916064 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800014 ER PT J AU Cooke, DW Blair, MW Smith, JF Bennett, BL Jacobsohn, LG McKigney, EA Muenchausen, RE AF Cooke, D. Wayne Blair, Michael W. Smith, James F. Bennett, Bryan L. Jacobsohn, Luiz G. McKigney, Edward A. Muenchausen, Ross E. TI EPR and luminescence of F+ centers in bulk and nanophosphor oxyortho silicates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE electron paramagnetic resonance; F+ center; luminescence; oxyorthosilicates ID INTRINSIC TRAPPING SITES; PHOTOSTIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; RARE-EARTH; SCINTILLATORS; OXYORTHOSILICATES AB The main thermally stimulated luminescence glow peak in irradiated oxygrthosilicates; occurs near 360-400 K and has been postulated to comprise an electron trapped at an oxygen vacancy (F+ center). We have used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify this defect in Ln(2)SiO(5) : Ce (Ln = Lu and Y) and show that it consists of a single electron trapped at a non-silicon-bonded oxygen vacancy in both bulk and nanophosphor oxyorthosilicates. Both Lu- and Y-based nanophosphors form seven- and nine-oxygen coordinated structures (P2(1)/c) whereas the bulk phosphors form six- and seven-oxygen coordinated structures (C2/c). In each case the F+ center predominately forms at the larger oxygen site. A typical resonance comprises a single Gaussian line broadened by hyperfine interaction with g-values near the free electron value and hyperfine coupling similar to 0.4 mT. The F+ center can be annealed and radiation-induced, consistent with the thermally stimulated luminescence glow peak behavior. C1 [Cooke, D. Wayne; Blair, Michael W.; Smith, James F.; Bennett, Bryan L.; Jacobsohn, Luiz G.; McKigney, Edward A.; Muenchausen, Ross E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cooke, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cooke@lanl.gov; mblair@lani.gov; jf-smith@lanl.gov; blbennett@lanl.gov; lgjacob@lanl.gov; mckigney@lanl.gov; rossm@lanl.gov OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1118 EP 1122 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922798 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800017 ER PT J AU Webb-Robertson, BJM Ferris, KF Jones, DM AF Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M. Ferris, Kim F. Jones, Dumont M. TI Design rules for Ce-activated scintillating radiation detection materials: Compromises between luminosity and stopping power SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE density; efficiency; informatics; luminescence; scintillation detectors ID CERIUM; OXYORTHOSILICATE; INFORMATICS AB This paper presents new development methods for property-screening design rules, using structure-property relationships for two fundamental properties of activated scintillating based gamma radiation detection-luminosity and stopping power. The first and most evident goal in developing screening models of luminosity and stopping power, as indicated by the weight and electron densities, is to obtain new candidate cerium scintillating materials. However, a second and more strategic goal is to extract design rules, which define the structural limitations on materials consistent with desirable detector properties. These design rules are based on our capability to predict the luminescence and stopping power of a material from a set of structural descriptors. Predictive models are generated using statistical multiple linear regression over a set of 24 descriptors. We find that within a set of ten cerium-doped scintillator materials we can quantitatively predict luminosity with a correlation coefficient of similar to 0.94 based on 4 of the 24 descriptors, improving to similar to 0.99 with 6 descriptors; and electron density to similar to 0.99 with 3 descriptors. Furthermore, we show in this circumstance that the luminosity and stopping power are only nominally related. In particular, luminosity depends largely on matrix valence electron properties and their coupling to activator sites-properties that do not require high atomic masses or atomic numbers per se, requirements for high stopping power. C1 [Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.; Ferris, Kim F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jones, Dumont M.] Proximate Technol, Columbus, OH 43209 USA. RP Webb-Robertson, BJM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bj@pnl.gov; Kim.Ferris@pnl.gov; dumont.jones@prxt.com NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1210 EP 1215 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.914366 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800037 ER PT J AU Kerisit, S Rosso, KM Cannon, BD AF Kerisit, Sebastien Rosso, Kevin M. Cannon, Bret D. TI Kinetic Monte Carlo model of scintillation mechanisms in CsI and CsI(Tl) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE alkali halides; cesium iodide; emission spectra; gamma-ray radiation; kinetic Monte Carlo; light yield; nonlinearity; scintillation decay curves; scintillation mechanisms; thallium ID FAST INTRINSIC LUMINESCENCE; SELF-TRAPPED HOLES; PURE CSI; LIGHT YIELD; DECAY TIME; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; NON-PROPORTIONALITY; ENERGY RESOLUTION; ALKALI-HALIDES; CRYSTALS AB We have developed a computational model of energy transfer processes in scintillators using the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) approach. In this publication, we focus on the alkali halide compound CsI both pure and doped with a range of thallium concentrations. The KMC model makes use of an explicit atomistic representation of the crystal lattice, activator sites, defect sites, and individual electron-hole pairs. The probability of individual diffusion, recombination, and scintillation events is calculated from rate equations parameterized with data published in the literature. Scintillation decay curves, relative intensities of emission peaks, and light yields are computed and found to be in good agreement with experimental data for a range of temperatures and thallium concentrations. This demonstrates that the KMC scintillation model is capable of reproducing both the kinetics and the efficiency of the scintillation process in CsI. In addition, novel predictions emerge from our simulations such as the diffusion distance distributions of self-trapped holes and excitons. Finally, the KMC scintillation model provides a framework for probing possible physical processes responsible for the nonlinear relationship between scintillation light yield and incident gamma-ray energy. C1 [Kerisit, Sebastien; Rosso, Kevin M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Cannon, Bret D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Phys & Chem Sci Div, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kerisit, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bastien.kerisit@pnl.gov; kevin.rosso@pnl.gov; bret.cannon@pnl.gov NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1251 EP 1258 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922830 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800046 ER PT J AU Janecek, M Moses, WW AF Janecek, Martin Moses, William W. TI Design of an instrument to measure optical reflectance of scintillating crystal surfaces SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE lambertian reflection; light collection; Monte Carlo methods; scintillating crystals ID DETECTORS; PET AB In order for a Monte Carlo simulation to be accurate in predicting and optimizing the light collection in scintillation detectors, the light reflectance off an internal surface within the scintillating crystal must be understood well. We present design studies for an instrument that will accurately measure the reflectance distribution within a scintillating crystal. A laser is aimed towards the center of a 50.8-mm diameter scintillating crystal hemisphere. The laser can be positioned at any arbitrary angle. The laser beam is reflected off the flat surface of the hemisphere and the light distribution is measured by a movable array of photodiodes that can measure the reflected light over the entire 2 pi solid angle. Thirty-six PIN photodiodes, mounted in two rows and offset to each other by half the length of a photodiode, measure the reflected light. The currents from the photodiodes are switched through a multiplexer to a digital multimeter, where the current is recorded. The current measurements give a dynamic range of 10(5) : 1. A LabVIEW program controls the motion of the laser and photodiodes, the switch, and the data collection. The mechanical set-up is placed inside of a light-tight glove box. By flowing dry nitrogen gas through the glove box we can control the water content in the atmosphere and so measure hydroscopic scintillators. C1 [Janecek, Martin; Moses, William W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Janecek, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjanecek@lbl.gov; wwmoses@lbl.gov RI Janecek, Martin/D-2517-2009 NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1381 EP 1386 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.910878 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800068 ER PT J AU Neal, JS Giles, NC Yang, XC Wall, RA Ucer, KB Williams, RT Wisniewski, DJ Boatner, LA Rengarajan, V Nause, J Nemeth, B AF Neal, John S. Giles, Nancy C. Yang, Xiaocheng Wall, R. Andrew Ucer, K. Burak Williams, Richard T. Wisniewski, Dariusz J. Boatner, Lynn A. Rengarajan, Varathajan Nause, Jeff Nemeth, Bill TI Evaluation of melt-grown, ZnO single crystals for use as alpha-particle detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE associated particle technique; fast scintillators; semiconductor scintillators; zinc-oxide (ZnO) ID NEUTRON GENERATOR; SCINTILLATORS; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; CDS AB As part of an ongoing investigation of the scintillation properties of zinc-oxide-(ZnO)-based scintillators, several melt-grown, ZnO single crystals have been characterized using alpha-particle excitation, infrared reflectance, and room temperature photoluminescence. The crystals, grown by Cermet, Inc., using an oxygen-pressurized melt-growth process, were doped with Group I elements (Li), Group 2 elements (Mg), Group 3 elements (Ga, In) and Lanthanides (Gd, Er, Tm). The goals of these studies are to better understand the scintillation mechanisms associated with various members of the ZnO scintillator family and to then use this knowledge to improve the radiation detection capabilities of ZnO-based scintillators. One application for which ZnO is particularly well suited as a scintillator is as the associated particle detector in a deuterium-tritium (D-T) neutron generator. Application requirements include the exclusion of organic materials, outstanding timing resolution, and high radiation resistance. ZnO:Ga and ZnO:In have demonstrated fast (subnanosecond) decay times with relatively low light yields, and ZnO(Ga) has been used in a powder form as the associated particle detector for a D-T neutron generator. Four promising candidate materials, ZnO, ZnO:Ga, ZnO:In,Li, and ZnO:Er,Li, were identified in this study. These four samples demonstrated sub-nanosecond decay times and alpha-particle-excited-luminescence comparable to BC-400 fast plastic scintillator. The ZnO:Mg,Ga, ZnO:Gd, and ZnO:Li samples demonstrated appreciable slow (microsecond) decay components that would be incompatible with high-counting-rate applications. C1 [Neal, John S.; Wisniewski, Dariusz J.; Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Giles, Nancy C.; Yang, Xiaocheng] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wall, R. Andrew; Ucer, K. Burak; Williams, Richard T.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Rengarajan, Varathajan; Nause, Jeff; Nemeth, Bill] Cermet Inc, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. RP Neal, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nealjs1@ornl.gov RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Neal, John/R-8203-2016 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Neal, John/0000-0001-8337-5235 NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1397 EP 1403 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922829 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800071 ER PT J AU Derenzo, SE Boswell, MS Bourret-Courchesne, E Boutchko, R Budinger, TF Canning, A Hanrahan, SM Janecek, M Peng, Q Porter-Chapman, Y Powell, JD Ramsey, CA Taylor, SE Wang, LW Weber, MJ Wilson, DS AF Derenzo, Stephen E. Boswell, Martin S. Bourret-Courchesne, Edith Boutchko, Rostyslav Budinger, Thomas F. Canning, Andrew Hanrahan, Stephen M. Janecek, Martin Peng, Qiyu Porter-Chapman, Yetta Powell, James D. Ramsey, Christopher A. Taylor, Scott E. Wang, Lin-Wang Weber, Marvin J. Wilson, David S. TI Design and implementation of a facility for discovering new scintillator materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE crystalline compounds; phosphors; radioluminescence; scintillation detector material discovery ID FLUORESCENT LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS AB We describe the design and operation of a high-throughput facility for synthesizing thousands of inorganic crystalline samples per year and evaluating them as potential scintillation detector materials. This facility includes a robotic dispenser, arrays of automated furnaces, a dual-beam X-ray generator for diffractometery and luminescence spectroscopy, a pulsed X-ray generator for time response measurements, computer-controlled sample changers, an optical spectrometer, and a network-accessible database management system that captures all synthesis and measurement data. C1 [Derenzo, Stephen E.; Boswell, Martin S.; Bourret-Courchesne, Edith; Boutchko, Rostyslav; Budinger, Thomas F.; Canning, Andrew; Hanrahan, Stephen M.; Janecek, Martin; Peng, Qiyu; Porter-Chapman, Yetta; Powell, James D.; Ramsey, Christopher A.; Taylor, Scott E.; Wang, Lin-Wang; Weber, Marvin J.; Wilson, David S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Derenzo, SE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SEDerenzo@lbl.gov; MSBoswell@lbl.gov; EDBourret@lbl.gov; RBuchko@lbl.gov; TFBudinger@lbl.gov; ACan-ning@lbl.gov; SMHanrahan@lbl.gov; MJanecek@lbl.gov; QPeng@lbl.gov; YDPorter-Chapman@lbl.gov; JDPowell@lbl.gov; CARamsey@lbl.gov; SE-Taylor@lbl.gov; LWWang@lbl.gov; MJWeber@bellsouth.net; DSWilson@lbl.gov RI Janecek, Martin/D-2517-2009; peng, qiyu/G-1586-2013 NR 10 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1458 EP 1463 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.921932 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800082 ER PT J AU Stanek, CR McClellan, KJ Levy, MR Grimes, RW AF Stanek, Christopher R. McClellan, Kenneth J. Levy, Mark R. Grimes, Robin W. TI Site solution preference of Bi3+ in RE2O3 scintillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE atomistic simulation; defect chemistry; rare earth compounds; scintillators ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CERAMIC SCINTILLATORS; X-RAY; SESQUIOXIDES; BI4TI3O12; DISORDER; OXIDES; PHASE; Y2O3 AB Atomic-scale simulations have been employed to predict the site solution preference of Bi3+ activator cations in a series of RE2O3 scintillators with the bixbyite crystal structure (Ia (3) over bar), where RE denotes a 3+ cation ranging in size from Sc3+ to La3+. There are two crystallographically unique cation sites in the bixbyite structure, in Wyckoff notation referred to as the 24d and 8b site. It is expected that the spectroscopic properties of an activator cation residing on the 24d site will be different from the same activator cation residing on the 8b site, due to the distinct symmetries (C-2 and S-6 respectively) of these two sites. Previous studies have revealed two different Bi3+ emissions in Y2O3 corresponding to Bi3+ cations occupying both lattice 24d and 8b sites. By predicting the energy difference of the Bi3+ solution on the 24d and 8b sites, we are able to predict the distribution of Bi3+ in a range of bixbyite compounds. C1 [Stanek, Christopher R.; McClellan, Kenneth J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Levy, Mark R.; Grimes, Robin W.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. RP Stanek, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM stanek@lanl.gov; kmcclellan@lanl.gov; mark.levy@imperial.ac.uk; r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1492 EP 1495 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.910864 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800090 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, DJ Boatner, LA Neal, JS Jellison, GE Ramey, JO North, A Wisniewska, M Payzant, AE Howe, JY Lempicki, A Brecher, C Glodo, J AF Wisniewski, Dariusz J. Boatner, Lynn A. Neal, John S. Jellison, Gerald E. Ramey, Joanne O. North, Andrea Wisniewska, Monika Payzant, Andrew E. Howe, Jane Y. Lempicki, Aleksander Brecher, Charlie Glodo, Jaroslaw TI Development of novel polycrystalline ceramic scintillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE ceramic scintillators; LaBr3 : Ce; LSO : Ce; Lu2O3 : Eu ID ENERGY-RESOLUTION SCINTILLATOR; LSO-CE; CRYSTALS; MECHANISM AB For several decades most of the efforts to develop new scintillator materials have concentrated on high-light-yield inorganic single-crystals' while polycrystalline ceramic scintillators, since their inception in the early 1980's, have received relatively little attention. Nevertheless, transparent ceramics offer a promising approach to the fabrication of relatively inexpensive scintillators via a simple mechanical compaction and annealing process that eliminates single-crystal growth. Until recently, commonly accepted concepts restricted the polycrystalline ceramic approach to materials exhibiting a cubic crystal structure. Here, we report our results on the development of two novel ceramic scintillators; based on the non-cubic crystalline materials: Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO:Ce) and LaBr3:Ce. While no evidence for texturing has been found in their ceramic microstructures, our LSO:Ce ceramics exhibit a surprisingly high level of transparency/translucency and very good scintillation characteristics. The LSO:Ce ceramic scintillation reaches a light yield level of about 86% of that of a good LSO:Ce single crystal, and its decay time is even faster than in single crystals. Research on LaBr3:Ce shows that translucent ceramics of the high-light-yield rare-earth halides can also be synthesized. Our LaBr3:Ce ceramics have light yields above 42 000 photons/MeV (i.e., > 70 % of the single-crystal light yield). C1 [Wisniewski, Dariusz J.; Boatner, Lynn A.; Neal, John S.; Jellison, Gerald E.; Ramey, Joanne O.; Wisniewska, Monika; Payzant, Andrew E.; Howe, Jane Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [North, Andrea] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lempicki, Aleksander; Brecher, Charlie] ALEM Associates, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Glodo, Jaroslaw] Radiat Monitoring Devices Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP Wisniewski, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wisniewskidj@ornl.gov; boatnerla@ornl.gov; nealjs@ornl.gov; jellisongejr@ornl.gov; rameyjo@ornl.gov; anorth1@utk.edu; wisniewskamn@ornl.gov; payzanta@ornl.gov; howej@ornl.gov; alex.lempicki@verizon.net; cbrecher@rmdinc.com; jglodo@rmdinc.com RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Neal, John/R-8203-2016 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Neal, John/0000-0001-8337-5235 NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 26 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1501 EP 1508 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.919259 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800092 ER PT J AU Muenchausen, RE McKigney, EA Jacobsohn, LG Blair, MW Bennett, BL Cooke, DW AF Muenchausen, Ross E. McKigney, Edward A. Jacobsohn, Luiz G. Blair, Michael W. Bennett, Bryan L. Cooke, D. Wayne TI Science and application of oxyorthosilicate nanophosphors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications CY JUN 04-08, 2007 CL Winston Salem, NC SP IEEE DE concentration quenching; fluorescence lifetime; luminescence; nanophosphor; oxyorthosilicates ID SCINTILLATORS; LUMINESCENCE; CONFINEMENT AB Nanophosphor Y(2)SiO(5):Ce (n-YSO), LU(2)SiO(5):Ce (n-LSO), and Gd(2)SiO(5):Ce (n-GSO) were prepared by solution-combustion synthesis yielding nanophosphor crystallite sizes between 20 nm - 80 nm. Ce dopant concentrations were varied between 0.1%-10% for each the nanophosphors and concentration quenching curves were measured by radioluminescence (RL) and photoluminescence (PL). n-YSO exhibits concentration quenching at 1 at% and 4 at% under uv and x-ray excitation, respectively. Red shifted emission with a larger Stokes shift is observed for nanophosphors as compared to bulk crystals. The measured PL lifetime depended on the refractive index of the media, indicating that the PL originates from the surface. Measurements of the RL/PL intensity indicate that the light output of these materials is comparable to the bulk crystal. C1 [Muenchausen, Ross E.; McKigney, Edward A.; Jacobsohn, Luiz G.; Blair, Michael W.; Bennett, Bryan L.; Cooke, D. Wayne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Muenchausen, RE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rossm@lanl.gov OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1532 EP 1535 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922844 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RQ UT WOS:000256967800097 ER PT J AU Chen, H Awadalla, SA Harris, F Lu, PH Redden, R Bindley, G Copete, A Hong, J Grindlay, J Amman, M Lee, JS Luke, P Kuvvetli, I Budtz-Jorgensen, C AF Chen, Henry Awadalla, Salah A. Harris, Fraser Lu, Pinghe Redden, Robert Bindley, Glenn Copete, Antonio Hong, Jaesub Grindlay, Jonathan Amman, Mark Lee, Julie S. Luke, Paul Kuvvetli, Irfan Budtz-Jorgensen, Carl TI Spectral response of THM grown CdZnTe crystals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE coplanar-grid; CZT; depth correction; gamma-ray; THM ID NUCLEAR RADIATION DETECTORS; CADMIUM ZINC TELLURIDE; HEATER METHOD THM; COPLANAR ELECTRODES; PRESSURE BRIDGMAN; CZT DETECTORS; CONTACTS; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; SURFACES AB The spectral response of several crystals grown by the Traveling Heater Method (THM) were investigated. An energy resolution of 0.98% for a Pseudo Frisch-Grid of 4 x 4 x 9 mm(3) and 2.1% FWHM for a coplanar-grid of size 11 x 11 x 5 mm(3) were measured using Cs-137-662 keV. In addition a 4% FWHM at 122 keV has also been measured on 20 x 20 x 5 mm(3) monolithic pixellated devices. The material shows great potential toward producing large-volume detectors with spectral performance that meets the requirement for high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy. C1 [Chen, Henry; Awadalla, Salah A.; Harris, Fraser; Redden, Robert; Bindley, Glenn] Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada. [Copete, Antonio; Hong, Jaesub; Grindlay, Jonathan] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Amman, Mark; Lee, Julie S.; Luke, Paul] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuvvetli, Irfan; Budtz-Jorgensen, Carl] Danish Natl Space Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada. EM henry.chen@redlen.com; salah.awadalla@redlen.com; bob.redden@redlen.com; glenn.bindley@redlen.com; acopete@cfa.harvard.edu; jhong@cfa.harvard.edu; jgrindlay@cfa.harvard.eclu; mark_amman@lbl.gov; julie_lee@lbl.gov; pnluke@lbl.gov NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1567 EP 1572 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.924089 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900001 ER PT J AU Montes, EJ Reed, RA Pellish, JA Alles, ML Schrimpf, RD Weller, RA Varadharajaperumal, M Niu, GF Sutton, AK Diestelhorst, R Espinel, G Krithivasan, R Comeau, JP Cressler, JD Marshall, PW Vizkelethy, G AF Montes, Enrique J. Reed, Robert A. Pellish, Jonathan A. Alles, Michael L. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Weller, Robert A. Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan Niu, Guofu Sutton, Akil K. Diestelhorst, Ryan Espinel, Gustavo Krithivasan, Ramkumar Comeau, Jonathan P. Cressler, John D. Marshall, Paul. W. Vizkelethy, Gyorgy TI Single event upset mechanisms for low-energy-deposition events in SiGeHBTs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE deep trench isolation (DTI); HBT; IBICC; silicon germanium (SiGe); single event upset (SEU); TCAD ID INDUCED CHARGE COLLECTION; CROSS-SECTION; DIGITAL LOGIC; SEU; CIRCUIT; RATES; BEAM AB Microbeam measurements and TCAD simulations are used to examine the effects of ion angle of incidence on the charge collected from events occurring in a Silicon Germanium (SiGe) Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT). The results identify the geometrically driven charge-collection mechanisms that dominate the low LET broad beam SEU response. The deep trench isolation that surrounds the transistor significantly modulates the charge transport and, therefore, the charge collected by the collector. A new way of estimating critical charge, Q-it for upset in SiGe HBT circuits is proposed based on TCAD simulation results and measured broadbeam data. C1 [Montes, Enrique J.; Reed, Robert A.; Pellish, Jonathan A.; Alles, Michael L.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.; Weller, Robert A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan; Niu, Guofu] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sutton, Akil K.; Diestelhorst, Ryan; Espinel, Gustavo; Krithivasan, Ramkumar; Comeau, Jonathan P.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Marshall, Paul. W.] NASA GSFC, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Montes, EJ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM enrique.j.montes@vanderbilt.edu RI Pellish, Jonathan/A-8591-2008; Krithivasan, Ramkumar/D-3549-2011; Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1581 EP 1586 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.893920 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900003 ER PT J AU de Geronimo, G Vernon, E Ackley, K Dragone, A Fried, J O'Connor, P He, Z Herman, C Zhang, F AF de Geronimo, Gianluigi Vernon, Emerson Ackley, Kim Dragone, Angelo Fried, Jack O'Connor, Paul He, Zhong Herman, Cedric Zhang, Feng TI Readout ASIC for 3D position-sensitive detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE application specific integrated circuit (ASIC); Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT); 3D; timing ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETERS; CDZNTE DETECTORS; RADIATION DETECTORS; X-RAY; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTALS; ARRAYS AB We describe an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for 3D position-sensitive detectors. It was optimized for pixelated Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT) sensors, and it measures, corresponding to an ionizing event, the energy and timing of signals from 121 anodes and one cathode. Each channel provides low-noise charge amplification, high-order shaping, along with peak- and timing-detection. The cathode's timing can be measured in three different ways: the first is based on multiple thresholds on the charge amplifier's voltage output; the second uses the threshold crossing of a fast-shaped signal; and the third measures the peak amplitude and timing from a bipolar shaper. With its power of 2 mW per channel the ASIC measures, on a CZT sensor connected and biased, charges up to 100 fC with an electronic resolution better than 200 e(-) rms. Our preliminary spectral measurements applying a simple cathode/anode ratio correction demonstrated a single-pixel resolution of 4.8 keV (0.72 %) at 662 keV, with the electronics and leakage current contributing in total with 2.1 keV. C1 [de Geronimo, Gianluigi; Vernon, Emerson; Ackley, Kim; Fried, Jack; O'Connor, Paul] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dragone, Angelo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [He, Zhong; Zhang, Feng] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP de Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM degeronimo@bnl.gov RI Chang, Yong/B-3541-2009 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1593 EP 1603 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922217 PN 3 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900005 ER PT J AU De Geronimo, G Chen, W Fried, J Li, Z Pinelli, DA Rehak, P Vernon, E Gaskin, JA Ramsey, BD Anelli, G AF De Geronimo, Gianluigi Chen, Wei Fried, Jack Li, Zheng Pinelli, Donald A. Rehak, Pavel Vernon, Emerson Gaskin, Jessica A. Ramsey, Brian D. Anelli, Giovanni TI Front-end ASIC for high resolution X-ray spectrometers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE ASIC; SDD; X-ray spectrometer ID SILICON DRIFT DETECTORS; CHARGE-SENSITIVE PREAMPLIFIER; CONTINUOUS RESET; READOUT CIRCUIT; JFET; CHAMBER AB We present an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for high-resolution X-ray spectrometers. The ASIC is designed to read out signals from a pixelated silicon drift detector (SDD). Each hexagonal pixel has an area of 15 mm(2) and an anode capacitance of less than 100 fF. There is no integrated Field Effect transistor (FET) in the pixel, rather, the readout is done by wire-bonding the anodes to the inputs of the ASIC. The ASIC provides 14 channels of low-noise charge amplification, high-order shaping with baseline stabilization, and peak detection with analog memory. The readout is sparse and based on low voltage differential signaling. An interposer provides all the interconnections required to bias and operate the system. The channel dissipates 1.6 mW. The complete 14-pixel unit covers an area of 210 mm(2), dissipates 12 mW cm(-2), and can be tiled to cover an arbitrarily large detection area. We measured a preliminary resolution of 172 eV at -35 degrees C on the 6 keV peak of a Fe-55 source. C1 [De Geronimo, Gianluigi; Chen, Wei; Fried, Jack; Li, Zheng; Pinelli, Donald A.; Rehak, Pavel; Vernon, Emerson] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gaskin, Jessica A.; Ramsey, Brian D.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Anelli, Giovanni] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM degeronimo@bnl.gov NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1604 EP 1609 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922218 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900006 ER PT J AU Dyshkant, A Blazey, G Francis, K Hedin, D Zutshi, V Fisk, H Milstene, C Abrams, R AF Dyshkant, Alexandre Blazey, G. Francis, K. Hedin, D. Zutshi, V. Fisk, H. Milstene, C. Abrams, R. TI MAPMT H7546B anode current response study for an ILC SiD muon system prototype SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE current measurement; optical fibers; photomultipliers; scintillation detectors AB The proposed Silicon Detector concept for the International Linear Collider has a barrel and end cap muon systems. The scintillator based moon system prototype has 256 scintillating strips, wavelength-shifting fibers, and clear fibers connected to multianode photo multiplier tubes (MAPMT). Six Hamamatsu H7546B tubes were used. To understand strip output, each of 384 MAPMT outputs was independently measured at a given luminous flux and the same photocathode to anode voltage of 800 V. For the test, a custom made source of light was used. The anode currents have a wide spread; for all tubes the maximum value is 5.23 times larger than the minimum value. The MAPMT cross talk was measured for one of the central inputs. The maximum cross talk value is about 4.9%. The average cross talk for the nearest four neighboring channels is 3.9%, for the farther four 1%. To assure reproducibility and repeatability of the measurements a double reference method was used. C1 [Dyshkant, Alexandre; Blazey, G.; Francis, K.; Hedin, D.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Fisk, H.; Milstene, C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Abrams, R.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Dyshkant, A (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM dyshkant@nicadd.niu.edu; hefisk@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1691 EP 1694 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.924088 PN 3 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900018 ER PT J AU Dawson, K Bebek, C Emes, J Holland, S Jelinsky, S Karcher, A Kolbe, W Palaio, N Roe, N Saha, J Takasaki, K Wang, GB AF Dawson, Kyle Bebek, Chris Emes, John Holland, Steve Jelinsky, Sharon Karcher, Armin Kolbe, William Palaio, Nick Roe, Natalie Saha, Juhi Takasaki, Koki Wang, Guobin TI Radiation tolerance of fully-depleted p-channel CCDs designed for the SNAP satellite SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE astrophysics and space instrumentation; radiation damage effects ID CHARGE-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; INDUCED DARK CURRENT; COUPLED-DEVICES; SILICON DEVICES; ADVANCED CAMERA; DAMAGE; PERFORMANCE; TEMPERATURE AB Thick, fully depleted p-channel charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have been developed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). These CCDs have several advantages over conventional thin, n-channel CCDs, including enhanced quantum efficiency and reduced fringing at near-infrared wavelengths and improved radiation tolerance. Here we report results from the irradiation of CCDs with 12.5 and 55 MeV protons at the LBNL 88-Inch Cyclotron and with 0.1-1 MeV electrons at the LBNL Co-60 source. These studies indicate that the LBNL CCDs perform well after irradiation, even in the parameters in which significant degradation is observed in other CCDs: charge transfer efficiency, dark current, and isolated hot pixels. Modeling the radiation exposure over a six-year mission lifetime with no annealing, we expect an increase in dark current of 20 e(-)/pixel/hr, and a degradation of charge transfer efficiency in the parallel direction of 3 x 10(-6) and 1 x 10(-6) in the serial direction. The dark current is observed to improve with an annealing cycle, while the parallel CTE is relatively unaffected and the serial CTE is somewhat degraded. As expected, the radiation tolerance of the p-channel LBNL CCDs is significantly improved over the conventional n-channel CCDs that are currently employed in space-based telescopes such as the Hubble Space Telescope. C1 [Dawson, Kyle; Bebek, Chris; Emes, John; Holland, Steve; Jelinsky, Sharon; Karcher, Armin; Kolbe, William; Palaio, Nick; Roe, Natalie; Saha, Juhi; Takasaki, Koki; Wang, Guobin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dawson, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kdawson@lbl.gov RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 NR 27 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1725 EP 1735 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.919262 PN 3 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900024 ER PT J AU Choong, WS Vetter, KM Moses, WW Hull, G Payne, SA Cherepy, NJ Valentine, JD AF Choong, W. -S. Vetter, K. M. Moses, W. W. Hull, G. Payne, S. A. Cherepy, N. J. Valentine, J. D. TI Design of a facility for measuring scintillator non-proportionality SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE Compton coincidence; scintillators; scintillation mechanisms; scintillator non-proportionality ID LIGHT YIELD NONPROPORTIONALITY; INTRINSIC ENERGY RESOLUTION; MEASURED ELECTRON RESPONSE; NAI(TL); CRYSTALS; CSI(TL); LSO AB While the original Compton coincidence technique provided accurate measurements of electron response in scintillators, the data rate was low and measurements took weeks. We present the conceptual design for a high throughput version that is predicted to collect data at 65 cps, reducing measurement times from weeks to hours. In this design, a collimated 1 mCi Cs-137 source will illuminate the scintillator sample from a distance of 18 cm and 5 high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors placed 10 cm from the scintillator will measure the energy of the scattered gamma ray. The source can be placed in either of two positions spaced 15 degrees apart, allowing relatively uniform scattering angle coverage from 0 degrees to 146 degrees, corresponding to electron energies in the scintillator from 0 to 466 keV. The scintillator will be coupled to a hybrid photodetector (HPD), which has extremely linear response, and the HPD's ability to resolve single photoelectrons provides a built-in calibration mechanism. The output of each HPGe detector and the HPD will be digitized with a free-running 12-bit, 200 MHz ADC, providing accurate measurement of the signal amplitudes and the ability to measure the electron response for different temporal components of the scintillator signals. The facility will be located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and is intended to be made available to the community at large. The goals are to facilitate scintillator development and to understand the nature of the light-yield non-proportionality and its effect on the energy resolution. C1 [Choong, W. -S.; Moses, W. W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vetter, K. M.; Hull, G.; Payne, S. A.; Cherepy, N. J.; Valentine, J. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Choong, WS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wwmoses@lbl.gov RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X NR 22 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1753 EP 1758 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.921491 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900027 ER PT J AU Wu, JY Wang, M Gottschalk, E Shi, Z AF Wu, Jinyuan Wang, M. Gottschalk, E. Shi, Z. TI FPGA curved track fitters and a multiplierless fitter scheme SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE FPGA computing; FPGA firmware; track fitting; trigger ID SILICON VERTEX TRIGGER; PIXEL TRIGGER; CDF AB The standard least-squares curved track fitting process is tailored for FPGA implementation so that only integer multiplications and additions are needed. To further eliminate multiplication, coefficients in the fitting matrices are carefully chosen so that only shift and accumulation operations are used in the process. Comparison in an example application shows that the fitting errors of the multiplierless implementation are less than 4% bigger than the fitting errors of the exact least-squares algorithm. The implementation is suitable for low-cost, low-power applications in high energy physics detector trigger systems. C1 [Wu, Jinyuan; Wang, M.; Gottschalk, E.; Shi, Z.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wu, JY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jywu168@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1791 EP 1797 DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.922845 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316RR UT WOS:000256967900033 ER PT J AU Scrofano, R Gokhale, MB Trouw, F Prasanna, VK AF Scrofano, Ronald Gokhale, Maya B. Trouw, Frans Prasanna, Viktor K. TI Accelerating molecular dynamics simulations with reconfigurable computers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE reconfigurable hardware; physics and chemistry computer applications; distributed architectures AB With advances in reconfigurable hardware, especially field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), it has become possible to use reconfigurable hardware to accelerate complex applications such as those in scientific computing. There has been a resulting development of reconfigurable computers, that is, computers that have both general-purpose processors and reconfigurable hardware, as well as memory and high-performance interconnection networks. In this paper, we describe the acceleration of molecular dynamics simulations with reconfigurable computers. We evaluate several design alternatives for the implementation of the application on a reconfigurable computer. We show that a single node accelerated with reconfigurable hardware, utilizing fine-grained parallelism in the reconfigurable hardware design, is able to achieve a speedup of about two times over the corresponding software-only simulation. We then parallelize the application and study the effect of acceleration on performance and scalability. Specifically, we study strong scaling, in which the problem size is fixed. We find that the unaccelerated version actually scales better, because it spends more time in computation than the accelerated version does. However, we also find that a cluster of P accelerated nodes gives better performance than a cluster of 2P unaccelerated nodes. C1 [Scrofano, Ronald] Aerosp Corp, Comp Syst Res Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Gokhale, Maya B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Trouw, Frans] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Prasanna, Viktor K.] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Scrofano, R (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, Comp Syst Res Dept, POB 92957-M1-102, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. EM ronald.scrofano@aero.org; maya@llnl.gov; trouw@lanl.gov; prasanna@ganges.usc.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 6 BP 764 EP 778 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2007.70777 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 291LS UT WOS:000255199500004 ER PT J AU Shiffler, D Haworth, M Cartwright, K Umstattd, R Ruebush, M Heidger, S LaCour, M Golby, K Sullivan, D Duselis, P Luginsland, J AF Shiffler, Don Haworth, Michael Cartwright, Keith Umstattd, Ryan Ruebush, Mitch Heidger, Susan LaCour, Matthew Golby, Ken Sullivan, Don Duselis, Peter Luginsland, John TI Review of cold cathode research at the Air Force Research Laboratory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cold cathodes; field emission cathodes; high power microwaves (HPMs) ID FIELD-EMISSION CATHODES; POWER MICROWAVE SOURCES; LEVEL PLASMA FORMATION; IODIDE COATED CATHODE; CARBON-FIBER CATHODES; CHILD-LANGMUIR LAW; SPACE-CHARGE; RELATIVISTIC MAGNETRONS; ELECTRON-BEAM; EVOLUTION AB Over the last decade, the Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate (AFRL/DE) has engaged in a high current density field emission cathode research program. This program explored the aspects of cathode materials as well as the details of cathode geometries and emission physics. This paper summarizes the results of this ongoing research effort to date. We review the history and motivation for the program, which provide insight into the physics issues of concern for various vacuum electronic sources. One important aspect of the program consists of the investigation of new cathode materials. For many high power microwave (RPM) sources, neutral out-gassing, which ties critically with cathode materials, plays a key role in the effective operation of the source. These material properties influence plasma formation, which in turn dictates the operation of an HPM device. For a,cathode material, AFRL chose to focus on cesium-iodide-coated carbon fiber cathodes, which we discuss in detail here. A second important aspect of the program consists of understanding emission physics and the optimum geometries for a cathode. This aspect couples closely with electron beam quality, which in turns effects the electron beam interaction with microwaves in the HPM structure. This paper concludes with a discussion of the implementation of the cathode material on both a Magnetically Insulated transmission Line Oscillator and a relativistic magnetron. C1 [Shiffler, Don; Haworth, Michael; Cartwright, Keith; Heidger, Susan] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL DEHP, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Umstattd, Ryan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ruebush, Mitch] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [LaCour, Matthew; Golby, Ken] SAIC Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Sullivan, Don; Duselis, Peter] Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Luginsland, John] NUMEREX Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Shiffler, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL DEHP, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM don.shiffler@kirtland.af.mil NR 41 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 718 EP 728 DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.926227 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 315ND UT WOS:000256885800020 ER PT J AU Smirnova, EI Carlsten, BE Earley, LA AF Smirnova, Evgenya I. Carlsten, Bruce E. Earley, Lawrence A. TI Design, fabrication, and low-power tests of a W-band omniguide traveling-wave tube structure SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dielectric-loaded waveguides; millimeter-wave power amplifiers; photonic band gap (PBG) structures; traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) AB We-have designed, fabricated, and tested with low power a novel W-band traveling-wave tube (TWT) structure based on a slow-wave cylindrically symmetric photonic band gap (PBG) structure, or an "omniguide." The development of wideband millimeter-wave power amplifiers is underway at Los Alamos National Laboratory. PBG TWT structures have great potential for very large bandwidth and linear dispersion. In addition, being cheap to fabricate, the PBG structures enhance commercial transferability of W-band TWT technology. The omniguide structure was designed and fabricated with silica dielectric with a copper harness. Cold-test results were found to be in excellent agreement with the design. A bandwidth of more than 10% was demonstrated. This structure is designed to generate millimeter-wave RF when driven by a 2-A 120-keV electron beam. C1 [Smirnova, Evgenya I.; Carlsten, Bruce E.; Earley, Lawrence A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smirnova, EI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM smirnova@lanl.gov OI Carlsten, Bruce/0000-0001-5619-907X; Simakov, Evgenya/0000-0002-7483-1152 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 763 EP 767 DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.923748 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 315NE UT WOS:000256885900004 ER PT J AU Moses, EI Meier, WR AF Moses, Edward I. Meier, Wayne R. TI The National Ignition Facility and the golden age of high energy density science SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE high energy density (HED) science; inertial confinement fusion (ICF); National Ignition Facility (NIF) AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a 192-beam Nd:glass laser facility being constructed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to conduct research in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high energy density science. When completed, NIF will produce 1.8 MJ, 500 TW of ultraviolet light, making it the world's largest and highest energy laser system. The NIF is poised to become the world's preeminent facility for conducting ICF and fusion energy research and for studying matter at extreme densities and temperatures. C1 [Moses, Edward I.; Meier, Wayne R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moses, EI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM moses1@llnl.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 802 EP 808 DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.925146 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 315NE UT WOS:000256885900008 ER PT J AU Wong, PC Foote, H Mackey, P Chin, G Sofia, H Thomas, J AF Wong, Pak Chung Foote, Harlan Mackey, Patrick Chin, George Sofia, Heidi Thomas, Jim TI A dynamic multiscale magnifying tool for exploring large sparse graphs SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article DE Graph analytics; multiscale visualization; very large sparse graphs ID VISUAL ANALYTICS; VISUALIZATION; NETWORKS AB We present an information visualization tool, known as GreenMax, to visually explore large small-world graphs with up to a million graph nodes on a desktop computer. A major motivation for scanning a small-world graph in such a dynamic fashion is the demanding goal of identifying not just the well-known features but also the unknown-known and unknown-unknown features of the graph. GreenMax uses a highly effective multilevel graph drawing approach to pre-process a large graph by generating a hierarchy of increasingly coarse layouts that later support the dynamic zooming of the graph. This paper describes the graph visualization challenges, elaborates our solution, and evaluates the contributions of GreenMax in the larger context of visual analytics on large small-world graphs. We report the results of two case studies using GreenMax and the results support our claim that we can use GreenMax to locate unexpected features or structures behind a graph. Information Visualization (2008) 7, 105-117. doi:10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500177 C1 [Wong, Pak Chung; Foote, Harlan; Mackey, Patrick; Chin, George; Sofia, Heidi; Thomas, Jim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wong, PC (reprint author), POB 999,K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM pak.wong@pnl.gov FU National Visualization and Analytics Center; NVAC; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work has been sponsored by the National Visualization and Analytics Center (TM) (NVAC (TM)) located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is managed for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 7 IS 2 BP 105 EP 117 DI 10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500177 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 496XB UT WOS:000270012300001 ER PT J AU Song, SX Bei, H Wadsworth, J Nieh, TG AF Song, S. X. Bei, H. Wadsworth, J. Nieh, T. G. TI Flow serration in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass in compression at low strain rates SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE glasses, metallic; plastic deformation mechanisms; mechanical properties at ambient temperature; mechanical testing ID AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; FRACTURE; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR AB It is demonstrated that at slow strain rates (similar to 10(-4)s(-1)) in compression, the dominant room temperature macroscopic deformation mode in a ductile Zr-based bulk metallic glass is single shear along the principal shear plane. The stress-strain curve exhibited serrated flow in the plastic region. Scanning electron micrographs of the deformed samples revealed regularly spaced striations on the shear surface. A detailed analysis of the observed serrations disclosed that they were intimately related to the striations on the shear surface, suggesting that the serrations were mainly caused by intermittent sample sliding. Further investigations were conducted using in situ compression experiments; video images showed that there was indeed a one-to-one correspondence between the intermittent sliding and flow serration. The current study therefore suggests that flow serration is a result of intermittent sample sliding. This result also implies that the principal shear plane, once formed, is the preferential site for additional shear band formation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Song, S. X.; Nieh, T. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bei, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wadsworth, J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Song, SX (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 420 Dougherty Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ssong1@utk.edu RI Song, Shuangxi/E-4259-2012; Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 NR 19 TC 126 Z9 129 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD JUN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 6 BP 813 EP 818 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2008.03.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 317AP UT WOS:000256991800012 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, James G. TI Elastic and transport properties in polycrystals of cracked grains: Cross-property relations and microstructure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME Mechanics and Materials Conference CY JUN 03-07, 2007 CL Austin, TX DE polycrystalline material; variational calculus; microstructures ID EFFECTIVE CONDUCTIVITY; TETRAGONAL SYMMETRIES; FRACTURED MEDIA; POROUS-MEDIA; CONSTANTS; BOUNDS; COEFFICIENTS; MICROCRACKS; MODULI; MODEL AB Some arguments of Bristow (1960) concerning the effects of cracks on elastic and transport (i.e., electrical or thermal conduction) properties of cold-worked metals are reexamined. The discussion is posed in terms of a modern understanding of bounds and estimates for physical properties of polycrystals - in contrast to Bristow's approach using simple mixture theory. One type of specialized result emphasized here is the cross-property estimates and bounds that can be obtained using the methods presented. Our results ultimately agree with those of Bristow, i.e., confirming that microcracking is not likely to be the main cause of the observed elastic behavior of cold-worked metals. However, it also becomes clear that the mixture theory approach to the analysis is too simple and that crack-crack interactions are necessary for proper quantitative study of Bristow's problem. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94740 USA. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94740 USA. EM JGBerryman@LBL.GOV NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7225 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 46 IS 6 BP 500 EP 512 DI 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2008.01.013 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 304SQ UT WOS:000256129800002 ER PT J AU Salazar-Villalpando, MD Berry, DA Gardner, TH AF Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D. Berry, David A. Gardner, Todd H. TI Partial oxidation of methane over Rh/supported-ceria catalysts: Effect of catalyst reducibility and redox cycles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE ceria; rhodium; partial oxidation of methane; reducibility; redox cycles ID CEO2-ZRO2 SOLID-SOLUTIONS; OXYGEN STORAGE CAPACITY; SYNTHESIS GAS; DOPED CERIA; REACTION-MECHANISM; OXIDE CATALYSTS; SURFACE-AREA; BEHAVIOR; SUPPORT; RH AB Partial oxidation of methane (POM) was studied over Rh/(Ce0.56Zr0.44)O2-x, Rh/ (Ce0.91Gd0.09)O2-x, Rh/(Ce0.71Gd0.29)O2-x and Rh/(Ce0.88La0.12)O2-x. The effect of catalyst reducibility and redox cycles was investigated. It was found that the type of doped-ceria support and its reducibility played an important role in catalyst activity. It was also observed that redox cycles had a positive influence on H-2 production, which was enhanced as the number of redox cycle increased. Results of carbon formation are discussed as a function of ionic conductivity. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) profiles, BET surface area, ionic conductivity and XRD patterns were determined to characterize catalysts. Catalytic tests revealed that of the materials tested, Rh/(Ce0.56Zr0.44)O2-x was the most active material for the production of syngas, which correlates with its TPR profile. It was observed that doping CeO2 with Zr, rather than with La or Gd caused an enhanced reducibility of Rh/supported-ceria catalysts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of international Association for Hydrogen Energy. C1 [Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D.; Berry, David A.; Gardner, Todd H.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Salazar-Villalpando, MD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM Maria.Salazar@netl.doe.gov NR 34 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 11 BP 2695 EP 2703 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.03.016 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 322DD UT WOS:000257354500008 ER PT J AU Oomens, J Myers, L Dain, R Leavitt, C Pham, V Gresham, G Groenewold, G Van Stipdonk, M AF Oomens, Jos Myers, Linda Dain, Ryan Leavitt, Chris Pham, Vy Gresham, Garold Groenewold, Gary Van Stipdonk, Michael TI Infrared multiple-photon photodissociation of gas-phase group II metal-nitrate anions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE IRMPD; photodissociation; metal ion; electrospray ionization; density functional theory ID ENERGY-ADJUSTED PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; DISSOCIATION SPECTROSCOPY; PARAMETER SETS; NITRIC-ACID; COMPLEXES; SPECTRA; CLUSTERS; DENSITY AB Infrared spectra of gas-phase metal-nitrate anions M(NO3)(3)(-), where M = Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+, were recorded by infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy. Photodissociation of each of the precursors produces NO3- through the elimination of a neutral M(NO3)(2) unit. An absorption pattern characteristic of metal nitrates is observed in the IRMPD spectra, including the symmetric and antisymmetric NO3 stretches. The latter is split into high-and low-frequency components as a result of perturbation of the nitrate symmetry by complexation to the metal ion, and the magnitude of the splitting decreases following the trend Mg2+ > Ca2+ >Sr2+ congruent to Ba2+. The experimental spectra are in good general agreement with those obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oomens, Jos] Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. [Myers, Linda; Dain, Ryan; Leavitt, Chris; Pham, Vy; Van Stipdonk, Michael] FOM Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuisen, NL-3439 MN Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Gresham, Garold; Groenewold, Gary] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Van Stipdonk, M (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. EM mike.vanstipdonk@wichita.edu RI Oomens, Jos/F-9691-2015 NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 273 IS 1-2 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2008.02.013 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 302YD UT WOS:000256005100005 ER PT J AU Carpenter, J AF Carpenter, J., Jr. TI FREEDOMCAR AND CASTING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METALCASTING LA English DT Article DE lightweighting; aluminum; magnesium; structural; powertrain AB Expanding world economic prosperity, probable peaking of conventional petroleum production in the coming decades and environmental concerns require efforts to increase the efficiency of, and the development of alternatives to, petroleum-based fuels used in automotive transportation. In January 2002, the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) and the U.S. Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) of the "Big Three" traditionally-USA-based automakers, DaimlerChrysler (now Chrysler), Ford and General Motors, formed the Freedom Cooperative Automotive Research (FreedomCAR) Partnership to fund high-risk, high-payoff research into advanced automotive technologies with the potential for eventually lowering the USA's nearly complete (95%) dependence on petroleum, 55% imported, for its transportation fuels. FreedomCAR replaced the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) which existed from 1993 to 2001. In January 2003, the energy-supply industry joined with the FreedomCAR Partnership forming the FreedomCAR and Fuel Initiative (FC&FI) to develop the technologies needed for the mass production of fuel-cell vehicles using hydrogen as fuel and the infrastructure needed to deliver the hydrogen to the consumer. The goal is to enable the automotive and energy-supply industries to make commercialization decisions in 2015 on large-scale introduction of such vehicles and oil developing the infrastructure beginning in 2020. In addition to work oil fuel cells and hydrogen infrastructure, the FC&FI conducts research on technologies with the potential for nearer-term energy efficiency and environmental benefits, such as new engine concepts, lightweight materials, and engine-electric hybrid propulsion systems. Lightweighting is seen as crucial for shorter and for longer term benefits because hybrid and fuel-cell powertrains are expected, at least it? the early stages of adoption, to be heavier and more costly per unit of power than the standard internal-combustion, gasoline-or diesel-fueled powertrains they replace. Research and development (R&D) on casting of aluminum automotive components were major parts of the PNGV and R&D on casting of magnesium automotive components have been and are under FreedomCAR. These castings efforts are reviewed and the future of them discussed. C1 US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Carpenter, J (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER FOUNDRY SOC INC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1695 N PENNY LN, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4555 USA SN 1939-5981 J9 INT J METALCA ST JI Int. J. Met. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 7 EP 15 PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 482ZR UT WOS:000268931500002 ER PT J AU Small, DW Head-Gordon, M AF Small, David W. Head-Gordon, Martin TI Central moments in quantum chemistry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE central moments; cumulants; coupled cluster; Krylov subspace; approximations; eigen value approximations ID EXPANSION; TOOL AB We define central moments of operators on finite-dimensional vector spaces and study some of their basic aspects. Central moments may be viewed as generalizations of the dispersion of a Hermitian operator. We show how eigenvalues may be represented by central moments, and how central moments may be used to obtain Krylov subspace approximations for operators on inner product spaces. We show that central-moments approximations are compatible with the concepts of size-consistency in quantum chemistry, and we use this to suggest a foundation for central-moments approximations in Coupled Cluster theory. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Small, David W.; Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Small, David W.; Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Small, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dsmall@berkeley.edu; mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 108 IS 7 BP 1220 EP 1231 DI 10.1002/qua.21609 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 289QI UT WOS:000255068600002 ER PT J AU Chartrand, R Staneva, V AF Chartrand, Rick Staneva, Valentina TI Restricted isometry properties and nonconvex compressive sensing SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL RECOVERY; RECONSTRUCTION; PURSUIT; SYSTEMS AB The recently emerged field known as compressive sensing has produced powerful results showing the ability to recover sparse signals from surprisingly few linear measurements, using l(1) minimization. In previous work, numerical experiments showed that l(p) minimization with 0 < p < 1 recovers sparse signals from fewer linear measurements than does l(1) minimization. It was also shown that a weaker restricted isometry property is sufficient to guarantee perfect recovery in the l(p) case. In this work, we generalize this result to an l(p) variant of the restricted isometry property, and then determine how many random, Gaussian measurements are sufficient for the condition to hold with high probability. The resulting sufficient condition is met by fewer measurements for smaller p. This adds to the theoretical justification for the methods already being applied to replacing high-dose CT scans with a small number of x-rays and reducing MRI scanning time. The potential benefits extend to any application of compressive sensing. C1 [Chartrand, Rick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Staneva, Valentina] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Chartrand, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rickc@lanl.gov; staneva@ams.jhu.edu OI Chartrand, Rick/0000-0003-3256-2238; Staneva, Valentina/0000-0002-3412-0364 NR 32 TC 162 Z9 180 U1 3 U2 27 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 AR 035020 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/24/3/035020 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 304ZX UT WOS:000256148700037 ER PT J AU Epanomeritakis, I Akcelik, V Ghattas, O Bielak, J AF Epanomeritakis, I. Akcelik, V. Ghattas, O. Bielak, J. TI A Newton-CG method for large-scale three-dimensional elastic full-waveform seismic inversion SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID VELOCITY INVERSION; REFLECTION DATA; OPTIMIZATION; TOMOGRAPHY; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; MEDIA AB We present a nonlinear optimization method for large-scale 3D elastic full-waveform seismic inversion. The method combines outer Gauss Newton nonlinear iterations with inner conjugate gradient linear iterations, globalized by an Armijo backtracking line search, solved on a sequence of finer grids and higher frequencies to remain in the vicinity of the global optimum, inexactly terminated to prevent oversolving, preconditioned by L-BFGS/Frankel, regularized by a total variation operator to capture sharp interfaces, finely discretized by finite elements in the Lame parameter space to provide flexibility and avoid bias, implemented in matrix-free fashion with adjoint-based computation of reduced gradient and reduced Hessian-vector products, checkpointed to avoid full spacetime waveform storage, and partitioned spatially across processors to parallelize the solutions of the forward and adjoint wave equations and the evaluation of gradient-like information. Several numerical examples demonstrate the grid independence of linear and nonlinear iterations, the effectiveness of the preconditioner, the ability to solve inverse problems with up to 17 million inversion parameters on up to 2048 processors, the effectiveness of multiscale continuation in keeping iterates in the basin of attraction of the global minimum, and the ability to fit the observational data while reconstructing the model with reasonable resolution and capturing sharp interfaces. C1 [Epanomeritakis, I.; Bielak, J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Akcelik, V.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Ghattas, O.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Epanomeritakis, I (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 40 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 AR 034015 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/24/3/034015 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 304ZX UT WOS:000256148700015 ER PT J AU Wu, LY Liu, XD Fields, MW Thompson, DK Bagwell, CE Tiedje, JM Hazen, TC Zhou, JZ AF Wu, Liyou Liu, Xueduan Fields, Matthew W. Thompson, Dorothea K. Bagwell, Christopher E. Tiedje, James M. Hazen, Terry C. Zhou, Jizhong TI Microarray-based whole-genome hybridization as a tool for determining procaryotic species relatedness SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DNA-DNA reassociation; community genome array; gyrB; prokaryotic species; REP-PCR and BOX-PCR; SSU rRNA ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID HYBRIDIZATION; COVALENTLY IMMOBILIZED DNA; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA STRAINS; AD-HOC-COMMITTEE; GENE-EXPRESSION; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA AB The definition and delineation of microbial species are of great importance and challenge due to the extent of evolution and diversity. Whole-genome DNA-DNA hybridization is the cornerstone for defining procaryotic species relatedness, but obtaining pairwise DNA-DNA reassociation values for a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of procaryotes is tedious and time consuming. A previously described microarray format containing whole-genomic DNA (the community genome array or CGA) was rigorously evaluated as a high-throughput alternative to the traditional DNA-DNA reassociation approach for delineating procaryotic species relationships. DNA similarities for multiple bacterial strains obtained with the CGA-based hybridization were comparable to those obtained with various traditional whole-genome hybridization methods (r = 0.87, P<0.01). Significant linear relationships were also observed between the CGA-based genome similarities and those derived from small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences (r = 0.79, P<0.0001), gyrB sequences (r = 0.95, P<0.0001) or REP- and BOX-PCR fingerprinting profiles (r = 0.82, P<0.0001). The CGA hybridization-revealed species relationships in several representative genera, including Pseudomonas, Azoarcus and Shewanella, were largely congruent with previous classifications based on various conventional whole-genome DNA-DNA reassociation, SSU rRNA and/or gyrB analyses. These results suggest that CGA-based DNA-DNA hybridization could serve as a powerful, high-throughput format for determining species relatedness among microorganisms. C1 [Wu, Liyou; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Stephenson Res & Technol Ctr, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Wu, Liyou; Liu, Xueduan; Zhou, Jizhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wu, Liyou] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosafety Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xueduan] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Fields, Matthew W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Thompson, Dorothea K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bagwell, Christopher E.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Environm Biotechnol Sect, Aiken, SC USA. [Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Stephenson Res & Technol Ctr, Dept Bot & Microbiol, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 74 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 6 BP 642 EP 655 DI 10.1038/ismej.2008.23 PG 14 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 313PY UT WOS:000256753700007 PM 18309358 ER PT J AU Kemal, KS Beattie, T Dong, T Weiser, B Kaul, R Kuiken, C Sutton, J Lang, D Yang, H Peng, TC Collman, R Philpott, S Rowland-Jones, S Burger, H AF Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa Beattie, Tara Dong, Tao Weiser, Barbara Kaul, Rupert Kuiken, Carla Sutton, Julian Lang, Dorothy Yang, Hongbing Peng, Tan Chun Collman, Ronald Philpott, Sean Rowland-Jones, Sarah Burger, Harold TI Transition from long-term nonprogression to HIV-1 disease associated with escape from cellular immune control SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 13-18, 2006 CL Toronto, CANADA DE HIV-1 cellular immune control; HIV-1 complete genomic RNA sequence; HIV-1 correlates of protection; HIV-1 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte escape; HIV-1 long-term nonprogressor ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; TYPE-1 INFECTION; CLASS-I; PROGRESSION; RESPONSES; SEQUENCES; REPLICATION; CELLS; AIDS AB Transition from long-term nonprogressive infection to progressive HIV-1 disease presents an opportunity to investigate pathogenesis in a defined immunogenetic background. We studied a mate long-term nonprogressor (LTNP) who remained asymptomatic and viremic and had normal CD4 T-cell counts without antiretroviral therapy for > 18 years and then experienced a transition to disease progression. We analyzed the complete HIV-1 genomic RNA sequence from plasma and cellular immune responses to predefined human leukocyte antigen-matched autologous viral peptides spanning the viral genome, before and after progression. Serial viral sequences did not seem attenuated and consistently utilized coreceptor CCR5. LTNP status was associated with elongated V2 domains and broad low-level T-cell immune responses targeting several regions of the viral genome. The transition to progressive disease was associated with the acquisition of viral mutations conferring escape from CD8 T-cell responses. Multiple changes in HIV-1 sequence and loss of immune response over time most likely contributed to the transition from LTNP status to progressive disease. These data are relevant to vaccine design and identification of the correlates of protection from disease progression. C1 [Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa; Weiser, Barbara; Philpott, Sean; Burger, Harold] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12208 USA. [Beattie, Tara; Dong, Tao; Sutton, Julian; Yang, Hongbing; Peng, Tan Chun; Rowland-Jones, Sarah] Weatherall Inst Mol Med, Human Immunol Unit, MRC, Oxford, England. [Weiser, Barbara; Burger, Harold] Albany Med Coll, Dept Med, Albany, NY 12208 USA. [Kaul, Rupert] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kuiken, Carla; Lang, Dorothy] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Collman, Ronald] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Burger, H (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208 USA. EM burger@wadsworth.org OI Beattie, Tara/0000-0001-9156-7341 FU Medical Research Council [G0600520, ]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI42555] NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31816b6abd PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 306WO UT WOS:000256278800001 PM 18520675 ER PT J AU Shiotani, H Suzuki, S Lee, DG Naulleau, P Fukushima, Y Ohnishi, R Watanabe, T Kinoshita, H AF Shiotani, Hideaki Suzuki, Shota Lee, Dong Gun Naulleau, Patrick Fukushima, Yasuyuki Ohnishi, Ryuji Watanabe, Takeo Kinoshita, Hiroo TI Dual grating interferometric lithography for 22-nm node SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2007 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Assoc Super Adv Elect Technol, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers Japan, Japan Soc Precis Engn, Japanese Soc Synchrotron Radiat Res, Japanese Soc Microscopy, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan DE EUVL; interference lithography; single grating; dual grating; partial coherent; resist ID PATTERNS AB An extreme ultraviolet (EUV) interference lithography beamline using a single grating has been constructed at the BL3 beamline in the NewSUBARU synchrotron radiation facility. Using a single grating, a 400-nm line and space (L&S) resist pattern was replicated on a wafer by single grating interferometric lithography system combined with a bending magnet as a light source. In addition, a dual grating interferometric lithography which is suitable for a bending magnet as a light source has been designed and constructed at the BL3 beamline in NewSUBARU. Dual grating interferometric lithography has a capability to replicate of a 28 nm L&S pattern on the basis of the interference-fringes calculation under conditions of a partial coherent light source such as a bending magnet. In the dual grating interference optical system, two transparent gratings was employed. In addition, the dual grating interference lithographic exposure method can be combined with a stand alone EUV source, such as a laser produced plasma or a discharge produced plasma. Therefore, this exposure system is a compact system for the evaluation of resolution and line edge roughness (LER) in a EUV resist. C1 [Shiotani, Hideaki; Suzuki, Shota; Fukushima, Yasuyuki; Ohnishi, Ryuji; Watanabe, Takeo; Kinoshita, Hiroo] Univ Hyogo, Lab Adv Sci & Technol Ind, Kamigori, Hyogo 6781205, Japan. [Lee, Dong Gun] Samsung Elect Co Ltd, Semicond Business, Memory Dev Business Div, Photomask Team, Yongin 449711, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Naulleau, Patrick] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shiotani, H (reprint author), Univ Hyogo, Lab Adv Sci & Technol Ind, 3-1-2 Koto, Kamigori, Hyogo 6781205, Japan. EM takeo@lasti.u-hyogo.ac.jp NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU JAPAN SOCIETY APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 4881 EP 4885 DI 10.1143/JJAP.47.4881 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 320UM UT WOS:000257260500007 ER PT J AU Auer, M Koster, AJ Ziese, U Bajaj, C Volkmann, N Wang, DN Hudspeth, AJ AF Auer, Manfred Koster, Abrahram J. Ziese, Ulrike Bajaj, Chandrajit Volkmann, Niels Wang, Da Neng Hudspeth, A. J. TI Three-dimensional architecture of hair-bundle linkages revealed by electron-microscopic tomography SO JARO-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ankle link; auditory system; basal link; kinociliary link; kinocilium; stereocilium; tip link; vestibular system ID TIP LINKS; KINOCILIAL LINKS; CELL STEREOCILIA; STRUCTURAL BASIS; CROSS-LINKS; INNER-EAR; CADHERIN-23; PROTEIN; VISUALIZATION; TRANSDUCTION AB The senses of hearing and balance rest upon mechanoelectrical transduction by the hair bundles of hair cells in the inner ear. Located at the apical cellular surface, each hair bundle comprises several tens of stereocilia and a single kinocilium that are interconnected by extracellular proteinaceous links. Using electron-microscopic tomography of bullfrog saccular sensory epithelia, we examined the three-dimensional structures of basal links, kinociliary links, and tip links. We observed significant differences in the appearances and dimensions of these three structures and found two distinct populations of tip links suggestive of the involvement of different proteins, splice variants, or protein-protein interactions. We noted auxiliary links connecting the upper portions of tip links to the taller stereocilia. Tip links and auxiliary links show a tendency to adopt a globular conformation when disconnected from the membrane surface. C1 [Auer, Manfred; Hudspeth, A. J.] Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Auer, Manfred; Hudspeth, A. J.] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Sensory Neurosci, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Auer, Manfred] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Auer, Manfred; Wang, Da Neng] NYU Med Ctr, Skirball Inst Biomol Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Koster, Abrahram J.; Ziese, Ulrike] Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bajaj, Chandrajit] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Visualizat, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Volkmann, Niels] Burnham Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Hudspeth, AJ (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Box 314,1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM hudspaj@rockefeller.edu FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR020647, RR020647]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB4873, R01 EB004873]; NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00241, DC07680, F32 DC000241, R01 DC000241, R01 DC000241-27, R55 DC007680]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM064473, GM073087, GM074258, R01 GM064473, R01 GM073087, R01 GM074258] NR 42 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1525-3961 J9 JARO-J ASSOC RES OTO JI JARO PD JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s10162-008-0114-2 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 321FP UT WOS:000257290400005 PM 18421501 ER PT J AU Koester, KJ Ager, JW Ritchie, R AF Koester, Kurt J. Ager, Joel W., III Ritchie, Robert O. TI Aging and fracture of human cortical bone and tooth dentin SO JOM LA English DT Article ID FATIGUE-CRACK-PROPAGATION; COMPACT-BONE; TOUGHENING MECHANISMS; GROWTH-RESISTANCE; CEMENT LINE; TOUGHNESS; BEHAVIOR; AGE; ORIENTATION; FAILURE AB Mineralized tissues, such as bone and tooth dentin, serve as structural materials in the human body and, as such, have evolved to resist fracture. In assessing their quantitative fracture resistance or toughness, it is important to distinguish between intrinsic toughening mechanisms, which function ahead of the crack tip, such as plasticity in metals, and extrinsic mechanisms, which function primarily behind the tip, such as crack bridging in ceramics. Bone and dentin derive their resistance to fracture principally front extrinsic toughening mechanisms, which have their origins in the hierarchical microstructure of these mineralized tissues. Experimentally, quantification of these toughening mechanisms requires a crack-growth resistance approach, which can be achieved by measuring the crack-driving force (e.g., the stress intensity) as a function of crack extension ("R-curve approach"). Here this methodology is used to study the effect of aging on the fracture properties of human cortical bone and human dentin in order to discern the microstructural origins of toughness in these materials. C1 [Koester, Kurt J.; Ager, Joel W., III; Ritchie, Robert O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Koester, KJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM RORitchie@lbl.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD JUN PY 2008 VL 60 IS 6 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1007/s11837-008-0068-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 312VT UT WOS:000256701200006 ER PT J AU Munch, E Franco, J Deville, S Hunger, P Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Munch, E. Franco, J. Deville, S. Hunger, P. Saiz, E. Tomsia, A. P. TI Porous ceramic scaffolds with complex architectures SO JOM LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION; HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLDS; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; FABRICATION; POROSITY; RESISTANCE AB This work compares two novel techniques for the fabrication of ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering with complex porosity: robocasting and freeze casting. Both techniques are based on the preparation of concentrated ceramic suspensions with suitable properties for the process. In robocasting, the computer-guided deposition of the suspensions is used to build porous materials with designed three dimensional geometrics and microstructures. Freeze casting uses ice crystals as a template to form porous lamellar ceramic materials. Preliminary results on the compressive strengths of the materials are also reported. C1 [Munch, E.; Franco, J.; Deville, S.; Hunger, P.; Saiz, E.; Tomsia, A. P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Munch, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aptomsia@lbl.gov OI Deville, Sylvain/0000-0002-3363-3184 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD JUN PY 2008 VL 60 IS 6 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1007/s11837-008-0072-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 312VT UT WOS:000256701200010 ER PT J AU Gilbert, B AF Gilbert, Benjamin TI Finite size effects on the real-space pair distribution function of nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; REFINEMENT; ACCURACY; NEUTRON; PROGRAM; SURFACE; SHAPE AB The pair distribution function (PDF) method is a powerful approach for the analysis of the structure of nanoparticles. An important approximation used in nanoparticle PDF simulations is the incorporation of a form factor describing nanoparticle size and shape. The precise effect of the form factor on the PDF is determined by both particle shape and structure if these characteristics are both anisotropic and correlated. The correct incorporation of finite size effects is important for distinguishing and quantifying the structural consequences of small particle size in nanomaterials. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gilbert, B (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bgilbert@lbl.gov RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 NR 46 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 41 BP 554 EP 562 DI 10.1107/S0021889808007905 PN 3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 301NH UT WOS:000255902400007 ER PT J AU Chow, FK Kosovic, B Chan, S AF Chow, Fotini Katopodes Kosovic, Branko Chan, Stevens TI Source inversion for contaminant plume dispersion in urban environments using building-resolving simulations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The ability to determine the source of a contaminant plume in urban environments is crucial for emergency-response applications. Locating the source and determining its strength based on downwind concentration measurements, however, are complicated by the presence of buildings that can divert flow in unexpected directions. High-resolution flow simulations are now possible for predicting plume evolution in complex urban geometries, where contaminant dispersion is affected by the flow around individual buildings. Using Bayesian inference via stochastic sampling algorithms with a high-resolution computational fluid dynamics model, an atmospheric release event can be reconstructed to determine the plume source and release rate based on point measurements of concentration. Event-reconstruction algorithms are applied first for flow around a prototype isolated building (a cube) and then using observations and flow conditions from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, during the Joint Urban 2003 field campaign. Stochastic sampling methods (Markov chain Monte Carlo) are used to extract likely source parameters, taking into consideration measurement and forward model errors. In all cases the steady-state flow field generated by a 3D Navier-Stokes finite-element code (FEM3MP) is used to drive thousands of forward-dispersion simulations. To enhance computational performance in the inversion procedure, a reusable database of dispersion simulation results is created. It is possible to successfully invert the dispersion problems to determine the source location and release rate to within narrow confidence intervals even with such complex geometries. The stochastic methodology here is general and can be used for time-varying release rates and reactive flow conditions. The results of inversion indicate the probability of a source being found at a particular location with a particular release rate, thus inherently reflecting uncertainty in observed data or the lack of enough data in the shape and size of the probability distribution. A composite plume showing concentrations at the desired confidence level can also be constructed using the realizations from the reconstructed probability distribution. This can be used by emergency responders as a tool to determine the likelihood of concentration at a particular location being above a threshold value. C1 [Chow, Fotini Katopodes] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kosovic, Branko; Chan, Stevens] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Dept, Livermore, CA USA. RP Chow, FK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM chow@ce.berkeley.edu NR 22 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1553 EP 1572 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1733.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 327GS UT WOS:000257718200001 ER PT J AU Wang, W Shaw, WJ Seiple, TE Rishel, JP Xie, Y AF Wang, Weiguo Shaw, William J. Seiple, Timothy E. Rishel, Jeremy P. Xie, Yulong TI An evaluation of a diagnostic wind model (CALMET) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; LAKE-MICHIGAN OZONE; MESOSCALE MODEL; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; RAMS AB A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved diagnostic wind model [California Meteorological Model (CALMET)] was evaluated during a typical lake-breeze event under fair weather conditions in the Chicago region. The authors focused on the performance of CALMET in terms of simulating winds that were highly variable in space and time. The reference winds were generated by the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) assimilating system, with which CALMET results were compared. Statistical evaluations were conducted to quantify overall model differences in wind speed and direction over the domain. Below 850 m above the surface, relative differences in (layer averaged) wind speed were about 25%-40% during the simulation period; wind direction differences generally ranged from 6 to 20. Above 850 m, the differences became larger because of the limited number of upper-air stations near the studied domain. Analyses implied that model differences were dependent on time because of time-dependent spatial variability in winds. Trajectory analyses were made to examine the likely spatial dependence of CALMET deviations from the reference winds within the domain. These analyses suggest that the quality of CALMET winds in local areas depended on their proximity to the lake-breeze front position. Large deviations usually occurred near the front area, where observations cannot resolve the spatial variability of wind, or in the fringe of the domain, where observations are lacking. Results simulated using different datasets and model options were also compared. Differences between CALMET and the reference winds tended to be reduced with data sampled from more stations or from more uniformly distributed stations. Suggestions are offered for further improving or interpreting CALMET results under complex wind conditions in the Chicago region, which may also apply to other regions. C1 [Wang, Weiguo; Shaw, William J.; Seiple, Timothy E.; Rishel, Jeremy P.; Xie, Yulong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM weiguo.wang@pnl.gov RI Wang, Weiguo/B-4948-2009; Xie, Yulong/O-9322-2016 OI Xie, Yulong/0000-0001-5579-482X NR 26 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1739 EP 1756 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1602.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 327GS UT WOS:000257718200012 ER PT J AU ReVelle, DO Nilsson, ED AF ReVelle, Douglas O. Nilsson, E. Douglas TI Summertime low-level jets over the high-latitude Arctic Ocean SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STABLE BOUNDARY-LAYER; INTERMITTENT TURBULENCE; EXPEDITION 1996; CORIOLIS-FORCE; CASES-99; MODEL; LAND; OSCILLATIONS; AEROSOL; SURFACE AB The application of a simple analytic boundary layer model developed by Thorpe and Guymer did not produce good agreement with observational data for oceanic low-level jet observations even though this model has worked well for the predictions of low-level jets over continental surfaces. This failure to properly predict the boundary layer wind maxima was very puzzling because more detailed numerical boundary layer models have properly predicted these low-level oceanic wind maxima. To understand the reasons for its failure to explain the ocean observations, the authors modified the frictional terms in the horizontal linear momentum equations of Thorpe and Guymer, using a standard eddy viscosity closure technique instead of the Rayleigh friction parameterization originally used. This improvement in the modeling of the dissipation terms, which has resulted in the use of an enhanced Rayleigh friction parameterization in the horizontal momentum equations, modified the boundary layer winds such that the continental predictions remained nearly identical to those predicted previously using the Thorpe and Guymer model while the oceanic predictions have now become more representative of the measured wind speed from recent Arctic expeditions. C1 [ReVelle, Douglas O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nilsson, E. Douglas] Stockholm Univ, Dept Appl Environm Sci, Atmospher Sci Unit, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP ReVelle, DO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Earth & Environm Sci Div, POB 1663,MS D401,EES-2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM revelle@lanl.gov NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1770 EP 1784 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1637.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 327GS UT WOS:000257718200014 ER PT J AU Miller, NL Hayhoe, K Jin, J Auffhammer, M AF Miller, Norman L. Hayhoe, Katharine Jin, Jiming Auffhammer, Maximilian TI Climate, extreme heat, and electricity demand in California SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATION MODEL OUTPUT; ENERGY DEMAND; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; IMPACTS AB Over the twenty-first century, the frequency of extreme-heat events for major cities in heavily air conditioned California is projected to increase rapidly. Extreme heat is defined here as the temperature threshold for the 90th-percentile excedence probability (T90) of the local warmest summer days under the current climate. Climate projections from three atmosphere-ocean general circulation models, with a range of low to midhigh temperature sensitivity forced by the Special Report on Emission Scenarios higher, middle, and lower emission scenarios, indicate that these increases in temperature extremes and variance are projected to exceed the rate of increase in mean temperature. Overall, projected increases in extreme heat under the higher A1fi emission scenario by 2070-99 tend to be 20%-30% higher than those projected under the lower B1 emission scenario. Increases range from approximately 2 times the present-day number of days for inland California cities (e. g., Sacramento and Fresno), up to 4 times for previously temperate coastal cities (e. g., Los Angeles and San Diego), implying that present-day "heat wave" conditions may dominate summer months-and patterns of electricity demand-in the future. When the projected extreme heat and observed relationships between high temperature and electricity demand for California are mapped onto current availability, maintaining technology and population constant for demand-side calculations, a potential for electricity deficits as high as 17% during T90 peak electricity demand periods is found. Similar increases in extreme-heat days are likely for other southwestern U. S. urban locations, as well as for large cities in developing nations with rapidly increasing electricity demands. In light of the electricity response to recent extreme-heat events, such as the July 2006 heat waves in California, Missouri, and New York, these results suggest that future increases in peak electricity demand will challenge current transmission and supply methods as well as future planned supply capacities when population and income growth are taken into account. C1 [Miller, Norman L.; Jin, Jiming] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hayhoe, Katharine] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Auffhammer, Maximilian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miller, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nlmiller@lbl.gov RI Miller, Norman/E-6897-2010; Jin, Jiming/A-9678-2011; Quezada, George/I-1106-2012 OI Quezada, George/0000-0002-4060-6109 NR 36 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1834 EP 1844 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1480.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 327GS UT WOS:000257718200020 ER PT J AU Amulele, GM Manghnani, MH Marriappan, S Hong, XG Li, FG Qin, XM Liermann, HP AF Amulele, George M. Manghnani, Murli H. Marriappan, Sekar Hong, Xinguo Li, Fengung Qin, Xiomei Liermann, Hanns P. TI Compression behavior of WC and WC-6%Co up to 50 GPa determined by synchrotron x-ray diffraction and ultrasonic techniques SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-HYDROSTATIC CONDITIONS; HIGH-PRESSURE; GRAIN-SIZE; CO ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; VELOCITIES; HARDNESS; STATE; PHASE AB The equations of state (pressure-volume relations) for WC and WC-6%Co have been determined by synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements on polycrystalline powder samples loaded in a diamond anvil cell as well as by ultrasonic measurements on hot-pressed polycrystalline, cylindrical samples loaded in a multianvil high-pressure apparatus. The third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state fitted to the x-ray diffraction pressure-density sets of data, collected up to 50 GPa, yields ambient pressure isothermal bulk moduli of K(oT)=411.8 +/- 12.1 GPa and K(oT)=402.4 +/- 14.1 GPa, with pressure derivatives of K'(oT)=5.45 +/- 0.73 and K'(oT)=7.50 +/- 0.86 for WC and WC-6%Co, respectively. The ultrasonic measurements, conducted up to 14 GPa, enabled the determination of the pressure dependences of both bulk and shear moduli. Using Eulerian finite strain equations to fit the ultrasonic data, we obtain for WC an ambient pressure adiabatic bulk modulus of K(os)=383.8 +/- 0.8 GPa, and K'(os)=2.61 +/- 0.07 for its pressure derivative, while values of G(os)=304.0 +/- 0.3 GPa and G(os)(')=1.50 +/- 0.09 were determined for the shear modulus and its pressure derivative, respectively. Meanwhile, for WC-6%Co, we obtain K(os)=357.5 +/- 1.0 GPa, K'(os)=5.18 +/- 0.14, G(os)=253.5 +/- 0.3 GPa, and G(os)(')=1.09 +/- 0.09. The equations of state derived from the ultrasonic data are in good agreement with extrapolated results reported previously by Day and Ruoff [J. Appl. Phys. 44, 2447 (1973)] and Gerlich and Kennedy [J. Appl. Phys. 50, 3331 (1978)] who carried out measurements up to 0.2 and 1.0 GPa, respectively. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Amulele, George M.; Manghnani, Murli H.; Marriappan, Sekar; Hong, Xinguo; Li, Fengung; Qin, Xiomei] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Liermann, Hanns P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amulele, GM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM gamulele@soest.hawaii.edu NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 11 AR 113522 DI 10.1063/1.2938024 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 312XR UT WOS:000256706200038 ER PT J AU Guo, JQ Wang, XW Geohegan, DB Eres, G Vincent, C AF Guo, Jiaqi Wang, Xinwei Geohegan, David B. Eres, Gyula Vincent, Cecile TI Development of pulsed laser-assisted thermal relaxation technique for thermal characterization of microscale wires SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 3-OMEGA METHOD; CONDUCTIVITY AB A transient technique is developed to measure the thermal diffusivity of one-dimensional microscale wires. In this technique, the thin wire is suspended over two copper electrodes. Upon fast (nanosecond) pulsed laser irradiation, the wire's temperature will quickly increase to a high level and then decrease gradually. Such temperature decay can be used to determine the sample's thermal diffusivity. To probe this temperature evolution, a dc is fed through the wire to sensor its voltage variation, from which the thermal diffusivity can be extracted. A 25.4 mu m thin Pt wire is characterized to verify this technique. Sound agreement is obtained between the measured data and reference value. Applying this pulsed laser-assisted thermal relaxation technique, the thermal diffusivity of multiwall carbon nanotube bundles and microscale carbon fibers is measured. Detailed analysis is conducted to study the effect of the wire embedded in the paste/base on the final measurement result. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Wang, Xinwei] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Guo, Jiaqi] Univ Nebraska, Dept Mech Engn, Walter Scott Engn Ctr N104, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Geohegan, David B.; Eres, Gyula] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Geohegan, David B.; Eres, Gyula] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Vincent, Cecile] Univ Bordeaux 1, ICMCB, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France. RP Wang, XW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 3027 HM Black Engn Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM xwang3@iastate.edu RI Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Eres, Gyula/C-4656-2017 OI Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Eres, Gyula/0000-0003-2690-5214 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 11 AR 113505 DI 10.1063/1.2936873 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 312XR UT WOS:000256706200021 ER PT J AU Harris, JR O'Shea, PG AF Harris, John R. O'Shea, Patrick G. TI Negative transconductance in apertured electron guns SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Passing an electron beam through an aperture can serve to reduce the beam current or change the transverse beam profile. For a sufficiently intense beam, space charge will drive a radial expansion of the beam, which may cause the current passing through the aperture to decrease even though the current arriving at the aperture is increasing. When a gridded electron gun is used, this may be expressed by stating that the transconductance of the apertured gun is negative. Here, we explain this effect and explore some of the key factors governing when it can occur and influencing its strength. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Harris, John R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [O'Shea, Patrick G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM harris89@llnl.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 11 AR 113301 DI 10.1063/1.2936972 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 312XR UT WOS:000256706200015 ER PT J AU Lee, B Wang, LW Canning, A AF Lee, Byounghak Wang, Lin-Wang Canning, Andrew TI Effects of d-electrons in pseudopotential screened-exchange density functional calculations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROUP-III NITRIDES; BAND-STRUCTURE; VALENCE; STATES; PHOTOEMISSION; TRANSITION; FILMS; GAP; CDS AB We report a theoretical study on the role of shallow d states in the screened-exchange local density approximation (sX-LDA) band structure of binary semiconductor systems. We found that inaccurate pseudo-wave functions can lead to (1) an overestimation of the screened-exchange interaction between the localized d states and the delocalized higher energy s and p states, and (2) an underestimation of the screened-exchange interaction between the d states. The resulting sX-LDA band structures have substantially smaller band gaps compared with experiments. We correct the pseudo-wave functions of d states by including the semicore s and p states of the same shell in the valence states. The correction of pseudo-wave functions yields band gaps and d-state binding energies in good agreement with experiments and the full potential linearized augmented plane wave sX-LDA calculations. Compared with the quasiparticle GW method, our sX-LDA results shows not only similar quality on the band gaps but also much better d-state binding energies. Combined with its capability of ground-state structure calculation, the sX-LDA is expected to be a valuable theoretical tool for the II-VI and III-V (especially the III-N) bulk semiconductors and nanostructure studies. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Lee, Byounghak; Wang, Lin-Wang; Canning, Andrew] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Canning, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lee, B (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bhlee@lbl.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 11 AR 113713A DI 10.1063/1.2936966 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 312XR UT WOS:000256706200055 ER PT J AU Gorman-Lewis, D Fein, JB Burns, PC Szymanowski, JES Converse, J AF Gorman-Lewis, Drew Fein, Jeremy B. Burns, Peter C. Szymanowski, Jennifer E. S. Converse, Jenalee TI Solubility measurements of the uranyl oxide hydrate phases metaschoepite, compreignacite, Na-compreignacite, becquerelite, and clarkeite SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Solubility; Uranyl oxide hydrate; Gibbs free energy of formation; Uranium ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; NEPTUNIUM INCORPORATION; U6+ PHASES; MINERALS; 90-DEGREES-C; URANIUM(VI); DISSOLUTION; EQUILIBRIA; SCHOEPITE; CORROSION AB The mobility of uranium under oxidizing conditions can only be modeled if the thermodynamic stabilities of the secondary uranyl minerals are known. Toward this end, we synthesized metaschoepite (UO(3)(H(2)O)(2)), becquerelite (Ca(UO(2))(6)O(4)(OH)(6)(H(2)O)(8)), compreignacite (K(2)(UO(2))(6)O(4)(OH)(6)(H(2)O)(7)), sodium compreignacite (Na(2)(UO(2))(6)O(4)(OH)(6)(H(2)O)(7)), and clarkeite (Na(UO(2))O(OH)) and performed solubility measurements from both undersaturation and supersaturation under controlled-pH conditions. The solubility measurements rigorously constrain the values of the solubility products for these synthetic phases, and consequently the standard-state Gibbs free energies of formation of the phases. The calculated Ig solubility product values (IgK(sp)), with associated 1 sigma uncertainties, for metaschoepite, becquerelite, compreignacite, sodium compreignacite, and clarkeite are (5.6 -0.2/+0.1), (40.5 -1.4/+0.2), (35.8 -0.5/+0.3), (39.4 -1.1/+0.7), and (9.4 -0.9/+0.6), respectively. The standard-state Gibbs free energies of formation, with their 2 sigma uncertainties, for these same phases are (-1632.2 +/- 7.4) kJ . mol(-1), (-10305.6 +/- 26.5) kJ +/- mol(-1), (-10107.3 +/- 21.8) kJ . mol(-1), (-10045.6 +/-24.5) kJ . mol(-1), and (-1635.1 +/- 23.4) kJ . mol(-1), respectively. Combining our data with previously measured. standard-state enthalpies of formation for metaschoepite, becquerelite, sodium compreignacite, and clarkeite yields calculated standard-state entropies of formation, with associated 2 sigma uncertainties, of (-532.5 +/- 8.1) J . mol(-1) . K(-1), (-3634.5 +/- 29.7) J . mol(-1) . K(-1), (-2987.6 +/- 28.5) J . mol(-1) . K(-1), and (-300.5 +/- 23.9) J - mol(-1) - K(-1), respectively. The measurements and associated calculated thermodynamic properties from this study not only describe the stability and solubility at T=298 K, but also can be used in predictions of uranium mobility through extrapolation of these properties to temperatures and pressures of geologic and environmental interest. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gorman-Lewis, Drew; Fein, Jeremy B.; Burns, Peter C.; Szymanowski, Jennifer E. S.; Converse, Jenalee] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Burns, Peter C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gorman-Lewis, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Johnson Hall Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM dgormanl@u.washington.edu OI Burns, Peter/0000-0002-2319-9628; Szymanowski, Jennifer/0000-0002-4052-6301 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science and Technology and International (OST&I) FX Funding for this research was provided by a US Department of Energy, Office of Science and Technology and International (OST&I) grant under the Source Term Thrust program. Two journal reviews significantly improved the presentation of this manuscript. NR 39 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 35 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 6 BP 980 EP 990 DI 10.1016/j.jct.2008.02.006 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 395KU UT WOS:000262523800011 ER PT J AU Rao, LF Tian, GX AF Rao, Linfeng Tian, Guoxin TI Thermodynamic study of the complexation of uranium(VI) with nitrate at variable temperatures SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Uranium(VI); Nitrate; Complexation; Temperature effect ID STABILITY-CONSTANTS; STRONG ELECTROLYTES; 10-85-DEGREES-C; CHLOROACETATES; HYDROLYSIS; EQUILIBRIA; IONS; ACID AB Complexation of uranium(VI) with nitrate was studied at variable temperatures by spectrophotometry and microcalorimetry. The complexation is weak and the stability constant of a 1:1 complex, UO(2)NO(3)(+), was found to slightly increase as the temperature was increased from 25 to 70 degrees C. The molar enthalpy of complexation at 25 degrees C was determined by microcalorimetry to be small and positive, (3.9 +/- 0.5) kJ . mol(-1), in good agreement with the trend in the stability constant at different temperatures. Discussions were made on topics including weak complexation vs. ionic medium effect and outer sphere vs. inner sphere complexes. Specific ion interaction (SIT) approach was used to obtain the stability constants at infinite dilution and variable temperatures. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rao, Linfeng; Tian, Guoxin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rao, LF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM LRao@lbl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the. Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences of US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1001 EP 1006 DI 10.1016/j.jct.2008.02.013 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 395KU UT WOS:000262523800013 ER PT J AU LaBarge, MA Bissell, MJ AF LaBarge, Mark A. Bissell, Mina J. TI Is CD133 a marker Of metastatic colon cancer stem cells? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; SURFACE; TUMORS; AC133 AB The concept of the so-called cancer stem cell (CSC) holds that only a minority of cells within a tumor have the ability to generate a new tumor. Over the last decade, a large body of literature has implicated the protein CD133 as a marker of organ-specific adult stem cells and in some cancers as a bona fide CSC marker. In this issue of the JCI, Shmelkov et al. challenge the view that CD133 is a marker of CSCs in colon cancer (see the related article beginning on page 2111). CD133 was thought previously to have a very restricted distribution within tissues; the authors have used genetic knock-in models to demonstrate that CD133 in fact is expressed on a wide range of differentiated epithelial cells in adult mouse tissues and on spontaneous primary colon tumors in mice. In primary human colon tumors, all of the epithelial cells also expressed CD133, whereas metastatic colon cancers isolated from liver had distinct CD133(+) and CD133(-) epithelial populations. Intriguingly, the authors demonstrate that the CD133(+) and CD133(-) populations were equally capable of tumor initiation in xenografts. In light of these new findings, the popular notion that CD133 is a marker of colon CSCs may need to be revised. C1 [LaBarge, Mark A.; Bissell, Mina J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP LaBarge, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,977R225A, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MALabarge@lbl.gov; MjBissell@lbl.gov RI LaBarge, Mark/E-2621-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA064786, R01CA064786, U54 CA126552, U54CA126552] NR 17 TC 60 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 118 IS 6 BP 2021 EP 2024 DI 10.1172/JCI36046 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 309FC UT WOS:000256445100008 PM 18497883 ER PT J AU Li, B Corbett, JD AF Li, Bin Corbett, John D. TI Na9K16Tl similar to 25: A new phase containing naked icosahedral cluster fragments Tl-9(9-) SO JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thallium cluster; crystal structure; electronic structure; high-temperature synthesis ID METALLIC ZINTL PHASE; COMPOUND; CS; RB; THALLIUM; TL-5(7-); BISMUTH AB The phase Na9K16Tl25.25(2) was synthesized by fusion of the elements in sealed Ta containers followed by quenching and annealing at 250 degrees C. The structure established by single crystal X-ray diffraction means (P6(3)/m, Z = 2, a = 19.376(3) angstrom, c = 11.480(2) angstrom) features Tl-9(9-) clusters. These are well separated by cations that bridge between, faces, edges, and vertices of the clusters; sodium appears to be essential in this role. This is the third compound known to contain Tl-9 clusters, but here two of nine sites are partially occupied, which can be interpreted as a 70:30 mixture of Tl-9 and Tl-7 units in the same cavity. This Tl-9 example also displays lower symmetry (C-s) but requires the same 2n skeletal electrons. EHTB electronic structure calculations indicate that the Fermi level intersects a finite densities-of-states (DOS), and only some bonds are optimized at E-F, giving some insight regarding the site of Tl deficiency. Direct geometric relationships are found among Tl-13, Tl-9, Tl-7 and Tl-5 clusters through systematic removal of vertices. C1 [Corbett, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Li, Bin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-7278 J9 J CLUST SCI JI J. Clust. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 2 BP 331 EP 340 DI 10.1007/s10876-007-0156-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 305OF UT WOS:000256187000001 ER PT J AU Ham, MI Bettencourt, LM McDaniel, FD Gross, GW AF Ham, Michael I. Bettencourt, Luis M. McDaniel, Floyd D. Gross, Guenter W. TI Spontaneous coordinated activity in cultured networks: Analysis of multiple ignition sites, primary circuits, and burst phase delay distributions SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE burst leaders; burst patterns; spontaneous activity; primary cultures; hierarchical connectivity; population responses ID SPINAL-CORD NETWORKS; CORTICAL CULTURES; NEURONAL NETWORKS; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; DYNAMICS; SYNCHRONIZATION; POTENTIATION; STIMULATION; HIPPOCAMPUS AB All higher order central nervous systems exhibit spontaneous neural activity, though the purpose and mechanistic origin of such activity remains poorly understood. We quantitatively analyzed the ignition and spread of collective spontaneous electrophysiological activity in networks of cultured cortical neurons growing on microelectrode arrays. Leader neurons, which form a mono-synaptically connected primary circuit, and initiate a majority of network bursts were found to be a small subset of recorded neurons. Leader/follower firing delay times formed temporally stable positively skewed distributions. Blocking inhibitory synapses usually resulted in shorter delay times with reduced variance. These distributions are characterizations of general aspects of internal network dynamics and provide estimates of pair-wise synaptic distances. The resulting analysis produced specific quantitative constraints and insights into the activation patterns of collective neuronal activity in self-organized cortical networks, which may prove useful for models emulating spontaneously active systems. C1 [Ham, Michael I.; Bettencourt, Luis M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ham, Michael I.; McDaniel, Floyd D.] Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Bettencourt, Luis M.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Gross, Guenter W.] Univ N Texas, Comp Network Neurosci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Gross, Guenter W.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Ham, MI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-7,Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mih0001@t7.lanl.gov NR 38 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-5313 J9 J COMPUT NEUROSCI JI J. Comput. Neurosci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 346 EP 357 DI 10.1007/s10827-007-0059-1 PG 12 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289ZV UT WOS:000255093300006 PM 18066657 ER PT J AU Linder, EV Robbers, G AF Linder, Eric V. Robbers, Georg TI Shifting the Universe: early dark energy and standard rulers SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CMBR theory; classical tests of cosmology ID QUINTESSENCE; COINCIDENCE; CONSTRAINTS; CONSTANT AB The presence of dark energy at high redshift influences both the cosmic sound horizon and the distance to last scattering of the cosmic microwave background. We demonstrate that, through the degeneracy in their ratio, early dark energy can lie hidden in the CMB temperature and polarization spectra, leading to an unrecognized shift in the sound horizon. If the sound horizon is then used as a standard ruler, as in baryon acoustic oscillations, then the derived cosmological parameters can be nontrivially biased. Fitting for the absolute ruler scale (just as supernovae must be fitted for the absolute candle magnitude) removes the bias but decreases the leverage of the BAO technique by a factor of two. C1 [Linder, Eric V.] Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Robbers, Georg] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM evlinder@lbl.gov; g.robbers@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 004 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2008/06/004 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321XM UT WOS:000257339800030 ER PT J AU Kim, WK Payzant, EA Kim, S Speakman, SA Crisalle, OD Anderson, TJ AF Kim, W. K. Payzant, E. A. Kim, S. Speakman, S. A. Crisalle, O. D. Anderson, T. J. TI Reaction kinetics of CuGaSe2 formation from a GaSe/CuSe bilayer precursor film SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE growth models; X-ray diffraction; copper gallium diselenide; solar cells ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; SELENIZATION KINETICS; CUINSE2 AB The reaction pathway and kinetics of CuGaSe2 formation were investigated by monitoring the phase evolution of temperature ramp annealed or isothermally soaked bilayer glass/GaSe/CuSe precursor film using time-resolved, in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction. Bilayer GaSe/CuSe precursor films were deposited on alkali-free thin glass substrates in a migration-enhanced epitaxial deposition system. The initial CuSe phase begins to transform to beta-Cu2-xSe at around 230 degrees C, followed by CuGaSe2 formation accompanied by a decrease in the beta-Cu2-xSe peak intensity at around 260 degrees C. Both the parabolic and Avrami diffusion-controlled reaction models represented the experimental data very well over the entire temperature range (280-370 degrees C) of the set of isothermal experiments with estimated activation energies of 115(+/- 16) and 124( +/- 19)kJ/mol, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (TEM-EDS) analysis suggests that CuGaSe2 forms at the interface of the initial GaSe and CuSe lacers. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, W. K.; Kim, S.; Crisalle, O. D.; Anderson, T. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Payzant, E. A.; Speakman, S. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, 300 Weil Hall,POB 116550, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM tim@ufl.edu RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060 NR 20 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 310 IS 12 BP 2987 EP 2994 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.01.034 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 317GA UT WOS:000257006800007 ER PT J AU Burckel, DB Fan, HY Thaler, G Koleske, DD AF Burckel, D. B. Fan, Hongyou Thaler, G. Koleske, D. D. TI Lithographically defined carbon growth templates for ELOG of GaN SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; pendeoepitaxy; semiconducting materials ID DENSITY GAN; SUBSTRATE AB We report the initial use of lithographically defined carbon growth templates for use as an epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELOG) mask for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) heteroepitaxial GaN on sapphire. Interferometric lithography is used to define high aspect ratio structures in SU-8, which are then pyrolyzed in a reducing atmosphere up to 1200 degrees C. The resist structures convert to amorphous carbon, shrinking 80% in the vertical direction and 53% in the horizontal direction, but maintain their pattern geometry and adhesion to the substrate. These templates are capable of surviving GaN nucleation layer growth temperatures (similar to 530 degrees C), GaN crystal growth and high-temperature annealing up to 1050 degrees C. This new approach to ELOG offers several advantages, requiring fewer processing steps, and favorable selectivity tendencies as well as the capability to create growth masks which are difficult or impossible to fabricate using a top-down etching approach. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Burckel, D. B.; Fan, Hongyou; Thaler, G.; Koleske, D. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Burckel, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1082, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbburck@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 310 IS 12 BP 3113 EP 3116 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.03.023 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 317GA UT WOS:000257006800028 ER PT J AU Yao, Z Xu, S Jenkins, ML Kirk, MA AF Yao, Z. Xu, S. Jenkins, M. L. Kirk, M. A. TI Preparation of TEM samples of ferritic alloys SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE TEM sample preparation; electropolishing; Fe; Fe-Cr alloys; ferritic-martensitic steels AB We describe techniques for electropolishing irradiated ferritic specimens for examination under the TEM in situations where the foil quality is of utmost importance. First, we describe some modifications to the standard technique for making plan-view specimens aimed at optimizing the foil quality. Second, we describe a technique for making plan-view specimens from a region of buried damage in a specimen irradiated with 2 MeV Fe(+) ions. C1 [Yao, Z.; Xu, S.; Jenkins, M. L.] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. [Kirk, M. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yao, Z (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. EM zhongwen.yao@materials.ox.ac.uk NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0744 J9 J ELECTRON MICROSC JI J. Electron Microsc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 57 IS 3 BP 91 EP 94 DI 10.1093/jmicro/dfn004 PG 4 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 306XN UT WOS:000256281800002 PM 18316797 ER PT J AU Durn, G Gaurina-Medimurec, N Froschl, H Veil, JA Veronek, B Mesic, S AF Durn, Goran Gaurina-Medimurec, Nediljka Froeschl, Heinz Veil, John A. Veronek, Boris Mesic, Sanja TI Improvements in treatment of waste from petroleum industry in Croatia SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE E&P waste; waste treatment; organophilic clay; environmental protection; Croatia AB Exploration and production (E&P) waste generated by the petroleum industry in Croatia from two central oilfield pits (COPs) was investigated in order to (1) examine materials for waste treatment that can preferentially sorb organic contaminants and, in that way, improve the process of stabilization/solidification (S/S), and (2) find field-acceptable methods to reduce the amount of waste to be treated with S/S or some other method. Composite samples from COP Vinkovci were treated in the laboratory with different materials or with combinations of several materials: (a) Cement, (b) organophilic clay, (c) calcined moler clay, (d) lime+organophilic clay+bentonite, (e) cement+organophilic clay+bentonite, (f) lime+calcined moler clay, and (g) cement+calcined moler clay. A sample of E&P waste treated with lime was used for comparison of results. The most successful treatment for the majority of inorganic and organic pollutants was treatment with organophilic clay. Samples treated with organophilic clay release 63 times less total oils, 67 times less mineral oils, 798 times less naphthalene, and 136 times less lead to distilled water than the sample treated with lime. The next most successful material is calcined moler clay. The results clearly show that reduction in hydrocarbon content using some of the field-acceptable methods and detailed chemical analysis of remaining organic and inorganic pollutants must be implemented before selecting the most appropriate method for treatment of technological waste in petroleum industry. A composite sample from COP Zutica was treated in the laboratory using a four-step procedure involving boiling water, condensate, and organophilic clay. Organophilic clay was used because of its ability to sorb hydrophobic pollutants. In the leachate of an E&P waste sample, the lowest values for the majority of inorganic and organic pollutants were observed following the fourth step (treatment with organophilic clay). This is also manifested in the lowest indicator of total discharge (ITD%) values for the fourth treatment step. Considering the concentrations of analyzed parameters in leachates and their ITD% values, the biggest effect for the majority of inorganic and organic pollutants was achieved between the first and the second treatment step. This suggests that treatment with boiling water is the most effective treatment for the majority of inorganic and organic pollutants. Concentrations of benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene (BETX) in distilled-water leachate generally increase after each succeeding treatment step. This shows that BETX is added to the E&P waste through condensate addition in the third treatment step. C1 [Durn, Goran; Gaurina-Medimurec, Nediljka] Univ Zagreb, Fac Mining Geol & Petr Engn, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Froeschl, Heinz] Seibersdorf Res, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. [Veil, John A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Veronek, Boris; Mesic, Sanja] INA Naftaplin, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. RP Durn, G (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Fac Mining Geol & Petr Engn, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0195-0738 J9 J ENERG RESOUR-ASME JI J. Energy Resour. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 2008 VL 130 IS 2 AR 022101 DI 10.1115/1.2906112 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 310SH UT WOS:000256550000002 ER PT J AU Turick, CE Knox, AS Leverette, CL Kritzas, YG AF Turick, Charles E. Knox, Anna S. Leverette, Chad L. Kritzas, Yianne G. TI In situ uranium stabilization by microbial metabolites SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th World Congress of Soil Science CY JUL 09-15, 2006 CL Philadelphia, PA DE uranium immobilization; bacteria; pyomelanin; microbial pigment; goethite; illite ID ORGANIC-MATTER; AUREOBASIDIUM-PULLULANS; SHEWANELLA-COLWELLIANA; HOMOGENTISIC ACID; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; IRON-OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; MELANIN; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION AB Microbial melanin production by autochthonous bacteria was explored in this Study as a means to increase U immobilization in U contaminated soil. This article demonstrates the application of bacterial physiology and soil ecology for enhanced U immobilization in order to develop an in situ, U bio-immobilization technology. We have demonstrated microbial production of a metal chelating biopolymer, pyomelanin, in U contaminated soil from the Tims Branch area of the Department of Energy (DOE), Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, as a result of tyrosine amendments. Bacterial densities of pyomelanin producers were > 10(6) cells per g wet soil. Pyomelanin demonstrated U complexing and mineral binding capacities at pH 4 and 7. In laboratory studies, in the presence of goethite or illite, pyomelanin enhanced U sequestration by these minerals. Tyrosine amended soils in a field test demonstrated increased U sequestration capacity following pyomelanin production up to 13 months after tyrosine treatments. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Turick, Charles E.; Knox, Anna S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Leverette, Chad L.; Kritzas, Yianne G.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Phys, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. RP Turick, CE (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 999W, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM Charles.Turick@srnl.doe.gov NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 99 IS 6 BP 890 EP 899 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.020 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311MP UT WOS:000256604600004 PM 18222573 ER PT J AU Duff, MC Ramsey, ML AF Duff, Martine C. Ramsey, Mary Lou TI Accumulation of radiocesium by mushrooms in the environment: a literature review SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th World Congress of Soil Science CY JUL 09-15, 2006 CL Philadelphia, PA DE concentration ratio; transfer factor; aggregate transfer factor; biomonitoring; Chernobyl ID CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT; FRUIT-BODIES; CS-137; FUNGI; RADIOACTIVITY; BRITAIN; JAPAN AB During the last 50 years, a large amount of information on radionuclide accumulators or "sentinel-type" organisms in the environment has been published. Much of this work focused on the risks of food-chain transfer of radionuclides to higher organisms such as reindeer and man. Until the 1980s and 1990s, there were few published data on the radiocesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) accumulation by mushrooms. The present review of published data for Cs-134,Cs-137 accumulation by mushrooms in nature discusses the aspects that promote Cs-134,Cs-137 uptake by mushrooms and focuses on mushrooms that demonstrate a propensity for use in the environmental biomonitoring of radiocesium contamination. Transfer factors (TF, as dry weight concentration in fruiting body divided by concentration in substrate) ranged up to 24 (unitless), and aggregate transfer factors (T-ag, as Bq Cs-137/kg dw in fruiting body divided by the aerial deposition as Bq/m(2)) ranged up to 8 m(2)/kg dw. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Duff, Martine C.; Ramsey, Mary Lou] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Duff, MC (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 773-42A,Room 228,Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM martine.duff@srnl.doe.gov NR 27 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 99 IS 6 BP 912 EP 932 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.017 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311MP UT WOS:000256604600006 PM 18191312 ER PT J AU Villeneuve, DL Knoebl, I Larkin, P Miracle, AL Carter, BJ Denslow, ND Ankley, GT AF Villeneuve, D. L. Knoebl, I. Larkin, P. Miracle, A. L. Carter, B. J. Denslow, N. D. Ankley, G. T. TI Altered gene expression in the brain and liver of female fathead minnows Pimephales promelas Rafinesque exposed to fadrozole SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aromatase inhibitor; cholesterol; endocrine disruption; fish; transcriptomics; vitellogenin ID MESSENGER-RNA; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; TELEOST FISH; AROMATASE; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; BIOSYNTHESIS; REPRODUCTION; METABOLISM; INDUCTION; SYSTEMS AB The fathead minnow Pimephales promelas is a small fish species widely used for ecotoxicology research and regulatory testing in North America. This study used a 2000 gene oligonucleotide microarray to evaluate the effects of the aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole, on gene expression in the liver and brain tissue of exposed females. Reproductive measures, plasma vitellogenin and gene expression data for the brain isoform of aromatase (cytP19B), vitellogenin precursors and transferrin provided evidence supporting the efficacy of the fadrozole exposure. Unsupervised analysis of the microarray results identified 20 genes in brain and 41 in liver as significantly up-regulated and seven genes in brain and around 45 in liver as significantly down-regulated. Differentially expressed genes were associated with a broad spectrum of biological functions, many with no obvious relationship to aromatase inhibition. However, in brain, fadrozole exposure elicited significant up-regulation of several genes involved in the cholesterol synthesis, suggesting it as a potentially affected pathway. Gene ontology-based analysis of expression changes in liver suggested overall down-regulation of protein biosynthesis. While real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses supported some of the microarray responses, others could not be verified. Overall, results of this study provide a foundation for developing novel hypotheses regarding the system-wide effects of fadrozole, and other chemical stressors with similar modes of action, on fish biology. Journal compilation (C) 2008 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. C1 [Villeneuve, D. L.; Ankley, G. T.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Knoebl, I.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Larkin, P.] Santa Fe Community Coll, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA. [Miracle, A. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Carter, B. J.] EcoArray, Alachua, FL 32615 USA. [Denslow, N. D.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Denslow, N. D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Villeneuve, DL (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM villeneuve.dan@epa.gov NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 9 BP 2281 EP 2340 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01897.x PG 60 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 311YI UT WOS:000256635900011 ER PT J AU McEligot, DM Walsh, EJ Laurien, E Spalart, PR AF McEligot, Donald M. Walsh, Edmond J. Laurien, Eckart Spalart, Philippe R. TI Entropy generation in the viscous parts of turbulent boundary layers SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE turbulent boundary layer; entropy generation; viscous layer; dissipation; direct numerical simulation; pressure gradient ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; LOW REYNOLDS-NUMBER; PRESSURE-GRADIENTS; CHANNEL FLOW; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; DRAG REDUCTION; SHEAR FLOWS; SUBJECT AB The local (pointwise) entropy generation rate per unit volume S''' is a key to improving many energy processes and applications. Consequently, in the present study, the objectives are to examine the effects of Reynolds number and favorable streamwise pressure gradients on entropy generation rates across turbulent boundary layers on flat plates and-secondarily-to assess a popular approximate technique for their evaluation. About two-thirds or more of the entropy generation occurs in the viscous part, known as the viscous layer. Fundamental new results for entropy generation in turbulent boundary layers are provided by extending available direct numerical simulations. It was found that, with negligible pressure gradients, results presented in wall coordinates are predicted to be near "universal" in the viscous layer. This apparent universality disappears when a significant pressure gradient is applied; increasing the pressure gradient decreases the entropy generation rate. Within the viscous layer, the approximate evaluation of S'''differs significantly from the "proper" value but its integral, the entropy generation rate per unit surface area S(ap)", agrees within 5% at its edge. C1 [McEligot, Donald M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McEligot, Donald M.; Laurien, Eckart] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Kernenerget & Energiesyst, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [McEligot, Donald M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Walsh, Edmond J.] Univ Limerick, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Stokes Res Inst, Limerick, Ireland. [Spalart, Philippe R.] Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. RP McEligot, DM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RI Analysis, Some/A-5852-2012 NR 65 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 2008 VL 130 IS 6 AR 061205 DI 10.1115/1.2928376 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 315VI UT WOS:000256907900009 ER PT J AU Hartman, CW Reisman, DB McLean, HS Thomas, J AF Hartman, Charles W. Reisman, David B. McLean, Harry S. Thomas, John TI A compact torus fusion reactor utilizing a continuously generated string of CT's. The CT string reactor, CTSR SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE compact torus; fusion reactor ID SPHEROMAK AB A fusion reactor is described in which a moving string of mutually repelling compact toruses (alternating helicity, unidirectional Btheta) is generated by repetitive injection using a magnetized coaxial gun driven by continuous gun current with alternating poloidal field. An injected CT relaxes to a minimum magnetic energy equilibrium, moves into a compression cone, and enters a conducting cylinder where the plasma is heated to fusion-producing temperature. The CT then passes into a blanketed region where fusion energy is produced and, on emergence from the fusion region, the CT undergoes controlled expansion in an exit cone where an alternating poloidal field opens the flux surfaces to directly recover the CT magnetic energy as current which is returned to the formation gun. The CT String Reactor (CTSTR) reactor satisfies all the necessary MHD stability requirements and is based on extrapolation of experimentally achieved formation, stability, and plasma confinement. It is supported by extensive 2D, MHD calculations. CTSTR employs minimal external fields supplied by normal conductors, and can produce high fusion power density with uniform wall loading. The geometric simplicity of CTSTR acts to minimize initial and maintenance costs, including periodic replacement of the reactor first wall. C1 [Hartman, Charles W.; Reisman, David B.; McLean, Harry S.; Thomas, John] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Hartman, CW (reprint author), 268 Wayne Ave, Alamo, CA 94507 USA. EM chartman2@comcast.net NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 48 DI 10.1007/s10894-007-9098-x PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 259DY UT WOS:000252920500010 ER PT J AU Intrator, TP Wurden, GA Sieck, PE Waganaar, WJ Renneke, R Dorf, L Kostora, M Hsu, SC Lynn, AG Gilmore, M Siemon, RE Awe, T Degnan, J Grabowski, C Ruden, EL AF Intrator, T. P. Wurden, G. A. Sieck, P. E. Waganaar, W. J. Renneke, R. Dorf, L. Kostora, M. Hsu, S. C. Lynn, A. G. Gilmore, M. Siemon, R. E. Awe, T. Degnan, J. Grabowski, C. Ruden, E. L. TI Physics basis and progress for a translating FRC for MTF SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE field reversed configuration; magneto inertial fusion; magnetized target fusion; high energy density laboratory plasmas ID FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATIONS; MAGNETIZED TARGET FUSION AB We describe a physics scaling model used to design the high density field reversed configuration (FRC) at LANL that will translate into a mirror bounded compression region, and undergo Magnetized Target Fusion compression to a high energy density plasma. At Kirtland AFRL the FRC will be compressed inside a flux conserving cylindrical shell. The theta pinch formed FRC will be expelled from inside a conical theta coil. Even though the ideal FRC has zero helicity and toroidal magnetic field, significant non-ideal properties follow from formation within a conical (not cylindrical) theta coil. The FRC stability and lifetime properties may improve. Several experimental features will also allow unique scientific investigations of this high Lundquist number but collisional plasma. C1 [Intrator, T. P.; Wurden, G. A.; Sieck, P. E.; Waganaar, W. J.; Renneke, R.; Dorf, L.; Kostora, M.; Hsu, S. C.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lynn, A. G.; Gilmore, M.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Siemon, R. E.; Awe, T.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Degnan, J.; Grabowski, C.; Ruden, E. L.] AF Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Intrator, TP (reprint author), LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM intrator@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s10894-007-9090-5 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 259DY UT WOS:000252920500013 ER PT J AU Raman, R Jarboe, TR Nelson, BA Mueller, D Bell, MG Ono, M AF Raman, R. Jarboe, T. R. Nelson, B. A. Mueller, D. Bell, M. G. Ono, M. TI Plasma start-up in HIT-II and NSTX using transient coaxial helicity injection SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE CHI; ST; non-inductive current drive ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT AB The method of transient coaxial helicity injection (CHI) has previously been used in the HIT-II experiment at the University of Washington to produce 100 kA of closed flux current. The generation of the plasma current by CHI involves the process of magnetic reconnection, which has been experimentally controlled in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to allow this potentially unstable phenomenon to reorganize the magnetic field lines to form closed, nested magnetic surfaces carrying a plasma current up to 160 kA. This is a world record for non-inductive closed-flux current generation, and demonstrates the high current capability of this method. C1 [Raman, R.; Jarboe, T. R.; Nelson, B. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mueller, D.; Bell, M. G.; Ono, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Raman, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM raman@aa.washington.edu NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 96 EP 99 DI 10.1007/s10894-007-9106-1 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 259DY UT WOS:000252920500022 ER PT J AU Romero-Talamas, CA McLean, HS Hooper, EB Wood, RD LoDestro, LL Moller, JM AF Romero-Talamas, C. A. McLean, H. S. Hooper, E. B. Wood, R. D. LoDestro, L. L. Moller, J. M. TI The search for reconnection and helicity during formation of a bounded spheromak SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE spheromak formation; magnetic measurements; high-speed imaging; numerical simulations ID DRIVEN SPHEROMAK; GENERATION; PLASMA AB Recent results from investigations using insertable magnetic probes at the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment (SSPX) [E. B. Hooper et al., Nucl. Fusion 39, 863 (1999)] are presented. Experiments were carried out during pre-programmed, constant amplitude coaxial gun current pulses, where magnetic field increases stepwise with every pulse, but eventually saturates. Magnetic traces from the probe, which is electrically isolated from the plasma and spans the flux conserver radius, indicate there is a time lag at every pulse between the response to the current rise in the open flux surfaces (intercepting the electrodes) and the closed flux surfaces (linked around the open ones). This is interpreted as the time to buildup enough helicity in the open flux surfaces before reconnecting and merging with the closed ones. Future experimental and diagnostic plans to directly estimate the helicity in the open flux surfaces and measure reconnection are briefly discussed. C1 [Romero-Talamas, C. A.; McLean, H. S.; Hooper, E. B.; Wood, R. D.; LoDestro, L. L.; Moller, J. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Romero-Talamas, CA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM romerotalamas1@llnl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10894-007-9110-5 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 259DY UT WOS:000252920500024 ER PT J AU Ruden, EL Hammer, JH AF Ruden, Edward L. Hammer, James H. TI Stability of plasma configurations during compression SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Kadomtsev profile; magnetized target fusion; field reversed configuration ID FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATIONS; DIFFUSE Z-PINCH AB Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF) efforts are based on calculations showing that the addition of a closed magnetic field relaxes the driver pressure and pulse width requirements for inertial confinement fusion by reducing thermal conductivity. Instabilities that result in convective bulk transport at the Alfven time scale are of particular concern since they are much faster than the implosion time. This paper focuses on the hard-core z-pinch and the field reversed configuration (FRC), two competing geometries presently being explored for MTF. Instabilities during compression may result from a violation of the Kadomstev stability criteria for the former, and increased angular velocity due to angular momentum conservation for the latter. Basic analytic considerations are addressed to provide a baseline for more detailed modeling. C1 [Ruden, Edward L.] Directed Energy Directorate, AF Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Hammer, James H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Ruden, EL (reprint author), Directed Energy Directorate, AF Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM edward.ruden@kirtland.af.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 108 EP 110 DI 10.1007/s10894-007-9114-1 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 259DY UT WOS:000252920500025 ER PT J AU Vijay, NNV Vasantika Ajmani, R Perelson, AS Dixit, NM AF Vijay, N. N. V. Vasantika Ajmani, Rahul Perelson, Alan S. Dixit, Narendra M. TI Recombination increases human immunodeficiency virus fitness, but not necessarily diversity SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; IN-VIVO; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TYPE-1 INFECTION; DRUG-RESISTANCE; HIV-1 INFECTION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; GENERATION TIME; GENETIC DRIFT; EVOLUTION AB Recombination can facilitate the accumulation of mutations and accelerate the emergence of resistance to current antiretroviral therapies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Yet, since recombination can also dissociate favourable combinations of mutations, the benefit of recombination to HIV remains in question. The confounding effects of mutation, multiple infections of cells, random genetic drift and fitness selection that underlie HIV evolution render the influence of recombination difficult to unravel. We developed computer simulations that mimic the genomic diversification of HIV within an infected individual and elucidate the influence of recombination. We find, interestingly, that when the effective population size of HIV is small, recombination increases both the diversity and the mean fitness of the viral population. When the effective population size is large, recombination increases viral fitness but decreases diversity. In effect, recombination enhances (lowers) the likelihood of the existence of multi-drug resistant strains of HIV in infected individuals prior to the onset of therapy when the effective population size is small (large). Our simulations are consistent with several recent experimental observations, including the evolution of HIV diversity and divergence in vivo. The intriguing dependencies on the effective population size appear due to the subtle interplay of drift, selection and epistasis, which we discuss in the light of modern population genetics theories. Current estimates of the effective population size of HIV have large discrepancies. Our simulations present an avenue for accurate determination of the effective population size of HIV in vivo and facilitate establishment of the benefit of recombination to HIV. C1 [Vijay, N. N. V.; Vasantika; Dixit, Narendra M.] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Chem Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Ajmani, Rahul; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dixit, NM (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Chem Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM narendra@chemeng.iisc.ernet.in FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433, AI065334] NR 61 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 BP 1467 EP 1477 DI 10.1099/vir.0.83668-0 PN 6 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 312QZ UT WOS:000256687200017 PM 18474563 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bacchetta, A Barion, L Belostotski, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Bonomo, C Borissov, A Borysenko, A Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Capiluppi, M Capitani, GP Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Dalpiaz, PF Deconinck, W De Leo, R Demey, M De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Diefenthaler, M Di Nezza, P Dreschler, J Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Felawka, L Frullani, S Funel, A Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Giordano, F Grebeniouk, O Gregor, IM Griffioen, K Guler, H Hadjidakis, C Hartig, M Hasch, D Hasegawa, T Hesselink, WHA Hill, G Hillenbrand, A Hoek, M Holler, Y Hommez, B Hristova, I Iarygin, G Imazu, Y Ivanilov, A Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Keri, T Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kobayashi, T Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Kravchenko, P Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Lenisa, P Liebing, P Linden-Levy, LA Lorenzon, W Lu, S Lu, X Ma, BQ Maiheu, B Makins, NCR Mao, Y Marianski, B Marukyan, H Mexner, V Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Murray, M Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Negodaev, M Nowak, WD Osborne, A Pappalardo, LL Perez-Benito, R Pickert, N Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Riedl, C Rith, K Rock, SE Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Rubacek, L Rubin, J Ryckbosch, D Salomatin, Y Sanjiev, I Schafer, A Schnell, G Schuler, KP Seitz, B Shearer, C Shibata, TA Shutov, V Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stenzel, H Stewart, J Stinzing, F Streit, J Tait, P Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Vandenbroucke, A van der Nat, B van der Steenhoven, G van Haarlem, Y van Hulse, C Veretennikov, D Vikhrov, V Vogel, C Wang, S Ye, Y Ye, Z Yen, S Zeiler, D Zihlmann, B Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A. Akopov, N. Akopov, Z. Andrus, A. Aschenauer, E. C. Augustyniak, W. Avakian, R. Avetissian, A. Avetissian, E. Bacchetta, A. Barion, L. Belostotski, S. Bianchi, N. Blok, H. P. Boettcher, H. Bonomo, C. Borissov, A. Borysenko, A. Bruell, A. Bryzgalov, V. Capiluppi, M. Capitani, G. P. Cisbani, E. Ciullo, G. Contalbrigo, M. Dalpiaz, P. F. Deconinck, W. De Leo, R. Demey, M. De Nardo, L. De Sanctis, E. Devitsin, E. Diefenthaler, M. Di Nezza, P. Dreschler, J. Dueren, M. Ehrenfried, M. Elalaoui-Moulay, A. Elbakian, G. Ellinghaus, F. Elschenbroich, U. Fabbri, R. Fantoni, A. Felawka, L. Frullani, S. Funel, A. Gapienko, G. Gapienko, V. Garibaldi, F. Gavrilov, G. Gharibyan, V. Giordano, F. Grebeniouk, O. Gregor, I. M. Griffioen, K. Guler, H. Hadjidakis, C. Hartig, M. Hasch, D. Hasegawa, T. Hesselink, W. H. A. Hill, G. Hillenbrand, A. Hoek, M. Holler, Y. Hommez, B. Hristova, I. Iarygin, G. Imazu, Y. Ivanilov, A. Izotov, A. Jackson, H. E. Jgoun, A. Kaiser, R. Keri, T. Kinney, E. Kisselev, A. Kobayashi, T. Kopytin, M. Korotkov, V. Kozlov, V. Krauss, B. Kravchenko, P. Krivokhijine, V. G. Lagamba, L. Lapikas, L. Lenisa, P. Liebing, P. Linden-Levy, L. A. Lorenzon, W. Lu, S. Lu, X. Ma, B. -Q. Maiheu, B. Makins, N. C. R. Mao, Y. Marianski, B. Marukyan, H. Mexner, V. Miller, C. A. Miyachi, Y. Muccifora, V. Murray, M. Nagaitsev, A. Nappi, E. Naryshkin, Y. Negodaev, M. Nowak, W. -D. Osborne, A. Pappalardo, L. L. Perez-Benito, R. Pickert, N. Raithel, M. Reggiani, D. Reimer, P. E. Reischl, A. Reolon, A. R. Riedl, C. Rith, K. Rock, S. E. Rosner, G. Rostomyan, A. Rubacek, L. Rubin, J. Ryckbosch, D. Salomatin, Y. Sanjiev, I. Schaefer, A. Schnell, G. Schueler, K. P. Seitz, B. Shearer, C. Shibata, T. -A. Shutov, V. Stancari, M. Statera, M. Steffens, E. Steijger, J. J. M. Stenzel, H. Stewart, J. Stinzing, F. Streit, J. Tait, P. Taroian, S. Tchuiko, B. Terkulov, A. Trzcinski, A. Tytgat, M. Vandenbroucke, A. van der Nat, B. van der Steenhoven, G. van Haarlem, Y. van Hulse, C. Veretennikov, D. Vikhrov, V. Vogel, C. Wang, S. Ye, Y. Ye, Z. Yen, S. Zeiler, D. Zihlmann, B. Zupranski, P. CA HERMES Collaboration TI Evidence for a transverse single-spin asymmetry in leptoproduction of pi(+)pi(-) pairs SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lepton-nucleon scattering ID MU-P INTERACTIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; JET HANDEDNESS; E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; POLARIZED PROTONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; DENSITY-MATRIX; Z(0) DECAYS; SCATTERING AB A single-spin asymmetry was measured in the azimuthal distribution of pi(+)pi(-) pairs produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized hydrogen target. For the first time, evidence is found for a correlation between the transverse target polarization and the azimuthal orientation of the plane containing the two pions. The corresponding single-spin asymmetry is expected to be related to the product of the little-known quark transversity distribution function and an unknown naive-T-odd chiral-odd dihadron fragmentation function. C1 [Airapetian, A.; Deconinck, W.; Lorenzon, W.] Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Elalaoui-Moulay, A.; Jackson, H. E.; Reimer, P. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [De Leo, R.; Lagamba, L.; Nappi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. [Ma, B. -Q.; Mao, Y.; Wang, S.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ye, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Ellinghaus, F.; Kinney, E.; Kisselev, A.] Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hartig, M.; Holler, Y.; Rock, S. E.; Rostomyan, A.; Schueler, K. P.; Ye, Z.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Aschenauer, E. C.; Boettcher, H.; Gregor, I. M.; Guler, H.; Hristova, I.; Kopytin, M.; Liebing, P.; Negodaev, M.; Nowak, W. -D.; Stewart, J.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Krivokhijine, V. G.; Nagaitsev, A.; Shutov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Diefenthaler, M.; Ehrenfried, M.; Hillenbrand, A.; Krauss, B.; Pickert, N.; Raithel, M.; Reggiani, D.; Riedl, C.; Rith, K.; Steffens, E.; Stinzing, F.; Tait, P.; Vogel, C.; Zeiler, D.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Barion, L.; Bonomo, C.; Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Grebeniouk, O.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Barion, L.; Bonomo, C.; Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Grebeniouk, O.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Avetissian, E.; Bianchi, N.; Borysenko, A.; Capitani, G. P.; De Sanctis, E.; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Funel, A.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hasch, D.; Muccifora, V.; Reolon, A. R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Elschenbroich, U.; Hommez, B.; Maiheu, B.; Ryckbosch, D.; Tytgat, M.; Vandenbroucke, A.; van Haarlem, Y.; van Hulse, C.; Zihlmann, B.] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Dueren, M.; Hoek, M.; Keri, T.; Lu, S.; Perez-Benito, R.; Rubacek, L.; Seitz, B.; Stenzel, H.; Streit, J.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Borissov, A.; Hill, G.; Kaiser, R.; Murray, M.; Osborne, A.; Rosner, G.; Shearer, C.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Andrus, A.; Linden-Levy, L. A.; Makins, N. C. R.; Rubin, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Devitsin, E.; Kozlov, V.; Terkulov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Blok, H. P.; Demey, M.; Dreschler, J.; Fabbri, R.; Griffioen, K.; Hesselink, W. H. A.; Lapikas, L.; Mexner, V.; Reischl, A.; Steijger, J. J. M.; van der Steenhoven, G.] Natl Inst Subatom Phys Nikhef, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Belostotski, S.; Gavrilov, G.; Izotov, A.; Jgoun, A.; Kravchenko, P.; Naryshkin, Y.; Veretennikov, D.; Vikhrov, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. [Bryzgalov, V.; Gapienko, G.; Gapienko, V.; Ivanilov, A.; Korotkov, V.; Salomatin, Y.; Tchuiko, B.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. [Bacchetta, A.; Schaefer, A.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [De Nardo, L.; Felawka, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Miller, C. A.; Yen, S.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hasegawa, T.; Imazu, Y.; Kobayashi, T.; Lu, X.; Miyachi, Y.; Schnell, G.; Shibata, T. -A.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Blok, H. P.; Hesselink, W. H. A.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Trzcinski, A.; Zupranski, P.] Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. [Akopov, N.; Akopov, Z.; Avakian, R.; Avetissian, A.; Elalaoui-Moulay, A.; Gharibyan, V.; Marukyan, H.; Taroian, S.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Bacchetta, Alessandro/F-3199-2012; Deconinck, Wouter/F-4054-2012; Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Negodaev, Mikhail/A-7026-2014; Taroian, Sarkis/E-1668-2014; Lyu, Xiao-Rui/H-4080-2014; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015 OI Bacchetta, Alessandro/0000-0002-8824-8355; Lyu, Xiao-Rui/0000-0001-5689-9578; NR 53 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT SCHOOL ADVANCED STUDIES PI TRIESTE PA VIA BEIRUT 2-4, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY SN 1126-6708 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 017 PG 20 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 321WU UT WOS:000257338000092 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetisyan, E Barion, L Belostotski, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Bonomo, C Borissov, A Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Burns, J Capiluppi, M Capitani, GP Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Dalpiaz, PF Deconinck, W De Leo, R Demey, M De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Diefenthaler, M Di Nezza, P Dreschler, J Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Felawka, L Frullani, S Funel, A Gabbert, D Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Giordano, F Gliske, S Guler, H Hadjidakis, C Hasch, D Hasegawa, T Hill, G Hillenbrand, A Hoek, M Holler, Y Hristova, I Iarygin, G Imazu, Y Ivanilov, A Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Joosten, S Kaiser, R Keri, T Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Kravchenko, P Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lamb, R Lapikaas, L Lehmann, I Lenisa, P Linden-Levy, LA Lorenzon, W Lu, S Lu, X Ma, BQ Mahon, D Maiheu, B Makins, NCR Mao, Y Marianski, B Marukyan, H Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Murray, M Mussgiller, A Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaev, M Nowak, WD Osborne, A Pappalardo, LL Perez-Benito, R Pickert, N Raithel, M Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Riedl, C Rith, K Rock, SE Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Rubacek, L Rubin, J Ruiz, AL Ryckbosch, D Salomatin, Y Sanjiev, I Schafer, A Schnell, G Schuler, KP Seitz, B Shearer, C Shibata, TA Shutov, V Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stenzel, H Stewart, J Stinzing, F Tait, P Taroian, S Terkulov, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Vandenbroucke, A van der Nat, PB van der Steenhoven, G Van Haarlem, Y Van Hulse, C Varanda, M Veretennikov, D Vikhrov, V Vilardi, I Vogel, C Wang, S Yaschenko, S Ye, H Ye, Z Yen, S Yu, W Zeiler, D Zihlmann, B Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A. Akopov, N. Akopov, Z. Andrus, A. Aschenauer, E. C. Augustyniak, W. Avakian, R. Avetissian, A. Avetisyan, E. Barion, L. Belostotski, S. Bianchi, N. Blok, H. P. Boettcher, H. Bonomo, C. Borissov, A. Bruell, A. Bryzgalov, V. Burns, J. Capiluppi, M. Capitani, G. P. Cisbani, E. Ciullo, G. Contalbrigo, M. Dalpiaz, P. F. Deconinck, W. De Leo, R. Demey, M. De Nardo, L. De Sanctis, E. Diefenthaler, M. Di Nezza, P. Dreschler, J. Dueren, M. Ehrenfried, M. Elbakian, G. Ellinghaus, F. Elschenbroich, U. Fabbri, R. Fantoni, A. Felawka, L. Frullani, S. Funel, A. Gabbert, D. Gapienko, G. Gapienko, V. Garibaldi, F. Gavrilov, G. Gharibyan, V. Giordano, F. Gliske, S. Guler, H. Hadjidakis, C. Hasch, D. Hasegawa, T. Hill, G. Hillenbrand, A. Hoek, M. Holler, Y. Hristova, I. Iarygin, G. Imazu, Y. Ivanilov, A. Izotov, A. Jackson, H. E. Jgoun, A. Joosten, S. Kaiser, R. Keri, T. Kinney, E. Kisselev, A. Kopytin, M. Korotkov, V. Kozlov, V. Kravchenko, P. Krivokhijine, V. G. Lagamba, L. Lamb, R. Lapikas, L. Lehmann, I. Lenisa, P. Linden-Levy, L. A. Lorenzon, W. Lu, S. Lu, X. Ma, B. -Q. Mahon, D. Maiheu, B. Makins, N. C. R. Mao, Y. Marianski, B. Marukyan, H. Miller, C. A. Miyachi, Y. Muccifora, V. Murray, M. Mussgiller, A. Nagaitsev, A. Nappi, E. Naryshkin, Y. Nass, A. Negodaev, M. Nowak, W. -D. Osborne, A. Pappalardo, L. L. Perez-Benito, R. Pickert, N. Raithel, M. Reimer, P. E. Reischl, A. Reolon, A. R. Riedl, C. Rith, K. Rock, S. E. Rosner, G. Rostomyan, A. Rubacek, L. Rubin, J. Ruiz, A. L. Ryckbosch, D. Salomatin, Y. Sanjiev, I. Schaefer, A. Schnell, G. Schueler, K. P. Seitz, B. Shearer, C. Shibata, T. -A. Shutov, V. Stancari, M. Statera, M. Steffens, E. Steijger, J. J. M. Stenzel, H. Stewart, J. Stinzing, F. Tait, P. Taroian, S. Terkulov, A. Trzcinski, A. Tytgat, M. Vandenbroucke, A. van der Nat, P. B. van der Steenhoven, G. Van Haarlem, Y. Van Hulse, C. Varanda, M. Veretennikov, D. Vikhrov, V. Vilardi, I. Vogel, C. Wang, S. Yaschenko, S. Ye, H. Ye, Z. Yen, S. Yu, W. Zeiler, D. Zihlmann, B. Zupranski, P. TI Measurement of azimuthal asymmetries with respect to both beam charge and transverse target polarization in exclusive electroproduction of real photons SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lepton-nucleon scattering ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPACT PARAMETER SPACE; HELICITY-FLIP; NUCLEON; HERMES AB Azimuthal asymmetries in exclusive electroproduction of real photons are measured for the first time with respect to transverse target polarisation, providing new constraints on Generalized Parton Distributions. From the same data set on a hydrogen target, new results for the beam-charge asymmetry are also extracted with better precision than those previously reported. By comparing model calculations with measured asymmetries attributed to the interference between the deeply virtual Compton scattering and Bethe-Heitler processes, a model-dependent constraint is obtained on the total angular momenta carried by up and down quarks in the nucleon. C1 [Airapetian, A.; Deconinck, W.; Gliske, S.; Lorenzon, W.] Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Avetissian, A.; Belostotski, S.; Jackson, H. E.; Reimer, P. E.; Sanjiev, I.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [De Leo, R.; Lagamba, L.; Nappi, E.; Vilardi, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sizione Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. [Ma, B. -Q.; Mao, Y.; Wang, S.; Ye, H.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ellinghaus, F.; Kinney, E.] Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Avetisyan, E.; De Nardo, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Holler, Y.; Rock, S. E.; Rostomyan, A.; Schueler, K. P.; Varanda, M.; Ye, Z.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Aschenauer, E. C.; Boettcher, H.; Fabbri, R.; Gabbert, D.; Guler, H.; Hristova, I.; Kopytin, M.; Negodaev, M.; Nowak, W. -D.; Stewart, J.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Hillenbrand, A.; Iarygin, G.; Krivokhijine, V. G.; Nagaitsev, A.; Pickert, N.; Raithel, M.; Rith, K.; Shutov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Diefenthaler, M.; Mussgiller, A.; Nass, A.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Steffens, E.; Stinzing, F.; Tait, P.; Vogel, C.; Yaschenko, S.; Zeiler, D.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Barion, L.; Bonomo, C.; Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis, Sezione Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Barion, L.; Bonomo, C.; Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Bianchi, N.; Capitani, G. P.; De Sanctis, E.; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Funel, A.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hasch, D.; Muccifora, V.; Reolon, A. R.; Riedl, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Elschenbroich, U.; Joosten, S.; Maiheu, B.; Ruiz, A. L.; Ryckbosch, D.; Schnell, G.; Tytgat, M.; Vandenbroucke, A.; Van Haarlem, Y.; Van Hulse, C.; Zihlmann, B.] Univ Ghent, Dept Subat & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Dueren, M.; Ehrenfried, M.; Keri, T.; Lu, S.; Perez-Benito, R.; Rubacek, L.; Stenzel, H.; Yu, W.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Borissov, A.; Burns, J.; Hill, G.; Hoek, M.; Kaiser, R.; Lehmann, I.; Mahon, D.; Murray, M.; Osborne, A.; Rosner, G.; Seitz, B.; Shearer, C.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Andrus, A.; Kisselev, A.; Lamb, R.; Linden-Levy, L. A.; Makins, N. C. R.; Rubin, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kozlov, V.; Terkulov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Blok, H. P.; Demey, M.; Dreschler, J.; Lapikas, L.; Reischl, A.; Steijger, J. J. M.; van der Nat, P. B.; van der Steenhoven, G.] NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Subatomaire Fys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gavrilov, G.; Izotov, A.; Jgoun, A.; Kisselev, A.; Kravchenko, P.; Naryshkin, Y.; Sanjiev, I.; Veretennikov, D.; Vikhrov, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. [Bryzgalov, V.; Gapienko, G.; Gapienko, V.; Ivanilov, A.; Korotkov, V.; Salomatin, Y.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. [Schaefer, A.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Super Sanita, Sezione Roma 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [De Nardo, L.; Felawka, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Miller, C. A.; Yen, S.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hasegawa, T.; Imazu, Y.; Lu, X.; Miyachi, Y.; Shibata, T. -A.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Blok, H. P.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Trzcinski, A.] Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. [Akopov, N.; Akopov, Z.; Avakian, R.; Elbakian, G.; Gharibyan, V.; Marukyan, H.; Taroian, S.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM management@hermes.desy.de RI Deconinck, Wouter/F-4054-2012; Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Negodaev, Mikhail/A-7026-2014; Taroian, Sarkis/E-1668-2014; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015 NR 57 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT SCHOOL ADVANCED STUDIES PI TRIESTE PA VIA BEIRUT 2-4, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY SN 1126-6708 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 066 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 321WU UT WOS:000257338000043 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Musgrave, B Nicholass, D Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Jechow, M Pavel, N Antonioli, P Bari, G Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Cindolo, F Corradi, M Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Nania, R Polini, A Antonelli, S Basile, M Bindi, M Cifarelli, L Contin, A De Pasquale, S Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Bartsch, D Brock, I Hartmann, H Hilger, E Jakob, HP Jungst, M Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Paul, E Samson, U Schoenberg, V Shehzadi, R Wlasenko, M Brook, NH Heath, GP Morris, JD Solomin, A Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ibrahim, ZA Kamaluddin, B Abdullah, WATW Ning, Y Ren, Z Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Gil, M Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Kotanski, A Slominski, W Behrens, U Blohm, C Bonato, A Borras, K Ciesielski, R Coppola, N Fang, S Fourletova, J Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Grebenyuk, J Gregor, I Haas, T Hain, W Huttmann, A Januschek, F Kahle, B Katkov, II Klein, U Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lobodzinska, E Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Miglioranzi, S Montanari, A Namsoo, T Notz, D Parenti, A Rinaldi, L Roloff, P Rubinsky, I Santamarta, R Schneek-Loth, U Spiridonov, A Szuba, D Szuba, J Theedt, T Wolf, G Wrona, K Molina, AGY Youngman, C Zeuner, W Drugakov, V Lohmann, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Dobur, D Karstens, F Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Dunne, W Forrest, M Rosin, M Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Papageorgiu, K Holm, U Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Schleper, P Schoerner-Sadenius, T Sztuk, J Stadie, H Turcato, M Foudas, C Fry, C Long, KR Tapper, AD Matsumoto, T Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Aushev, V Borodin, M Kadenko, I Kozulia, A Libov, V Lisovyi, M Lontkovskyi, D Makarenko, I Sorokin, I Verbytskyi, A Volynets, O Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M Labarga, L del Peso, J Ron, E Soares, M Terron, J Zambrana, M Corriveau, F Liu, C Schwartz, J Walsh, R Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Abt, I Caldwell, A Kollar, D Reisert, B Schmidke, WB Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Pellegrino, A Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Lee, A Ling, TY Allfrey, PD Bell, MA Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Foster, B Korcsak-Gorzo, K Oliver, K Patel, S Roberfroid, V Robertson, A Straub, PB Uribe-Estrada, C Walczak, R Bertolin, A Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Bellan, P Brugnera, R Carlin, R Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Oh, BY Raval, A Ukleja, J Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cole, JE Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Ingbir, R Kananov, S Levy, A Stern, A Kuze, M Maeda, J Hori, R Kagawa, S Okazaki, N Shimizu, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Stewart, TP Boutle, SK Butterworth, JM Gwenlan, C Jones, TW Loizides, JH Wing, M Brzozowska, B Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Brownson, E Danielson, T Everett, A Kcira, D Reeder, DD Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Wolfe, H Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Cui, Y Hartner, G Menary, S Noor, U Standage, J Whyte, J AF Chekanov, S. Derrick, M. Magill, S. Musgrave, B. Nicholass, D. Repond, J. Yoshida, R. Mattingly, M. C. K. Jechow, M. Pavel, N. Antonioli, P. Bari, G. Bellagamba, L. Boscherini, D. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Cindolo, F. Corradi, M. Iacobucci, G. Margotti, A. Nania, R. Polini, A. Antonelli, S. Basile, M. Bindi, M. Cifarelli, L. Contin, A. De Pasquale, S. Sartorelli, G. Zichichi, A. Bartsch, D. Brock, I. Hartmann, H. Hilger, E. Jakob, H. -P. Juengst, M. Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E. Paul, E. Samson, U. Schoenberg, V. Shehzadi, R. Wlasenko, M. Brook, N. H. Heath, G. P. Morris, J. D. Solomin, A. Capua, M. Fazio, S. Mastroberardino, A. Schioppa, M. Susinno, G. Tassi, E. Kim, J. Y. Ibrahim, Z. A. Kamaluddin, B. Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan Ning, Y. Ren, Z. Sciulli, F. Chwastowski, J. Eskreys, A. Figiel, J. Galas, A. Gil, M. Olkiewicz, K. Stopa, P. Zawiejski, L. Adamczyk, L. Bold, T. Grabowska-Bold, I. Kisielewska, D. Lukasik, J. Przybycien, M. Suszycki, L. Kotanski, A. Slominski, W. Behrens, U. Blohm, C. Bonato, A. Borras, K. Ciesielski, R. Coppola, N. Fang, S. Fourletova, J. Geiser, A. Goettlicher, P. Grebenyuk, J. Gregor, I. Haas, T. Hain, W. Huettmann, A. Januschek, F. Kahle, B. Katkov, I. I. Klein, U. Koetz, U. Kowalski, H. Lobodzinska, E. Loehr, B. Mankel, R. Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A. Miglioranzi, S. Montanari, A. Namsoo, T. Notz, D. Parenti, A. Rinaldi, L. Roloff, P. Rubinsky, I. Santamarta, R. Schneek-Loth, U. Spiridonov, A. Szuba, D. Szuba, J. Theedt, T. Wolf, G. Wrona, K. Molina, A. G. Yaguees Youngman, C. Zeuner, W. Drugakov, V. Lohmann, W. Schlenstedt, S. Barbagli, G. Gallo, E. Pelfer, P. G. Bamberger, A. Dobur, D. Karstens, F. Vlasov, N. N. Bussey, P. J. Doyle, A. T. Dunne, W. Forrest, M. Rosin, M. Saxon, D. H. Skillicorn, I. O. Gialas, I. Papageorgiu, K. Holm, U. Klanner, R. Lohrmann, E. Schleper, P. Schoerner-Sadenius, T. Sztuk, J. Stadie, H. Turcato, M. Foudas, C. Fry, C. Long, K. R. Tapper, A. D. Matsumoto, T. Nagano, K. Tokushuku, K. Yamada, S. Yamazaki, Y. Barakbaev, A. N. Boos, E. G. Pokrovskiy, N. S. Zhautykov, B. O. Aushev, V. Borodin, M. Kadenko, I. Kozulia, A. Libov, V. Lisovyi, M. Lontkovskyi, D. Makarenko, I. Sorokin, Iu. Verbytskyi, A. Volynets, O. Son, D. de Favereau, J. Piotrzkowski, K. Barreiro, F. Glasman, C. Jimenez, M. Labarga, L. del Peso, J. Ron, E. Soares, M. Terron, J. Zambrana, M. Corriveau, F. Liu, C. Schwartz, J. Walsh, R. Zhou, C. Tsurugai, T. Antonov, A. Dolgoshein, B. A. Gladkov, D. Sosnovtsev, V. Stifutkin, A. Suchkov, S. Dementiev, R. K. Ermolov, P. F. Gladilin, L. K. Golubkov, Yu. A. Khein, L. A. Korzhavina, I. A. Kuzmin, V. A. Levchenko, B. B. Lukina, O. Yu. Proskuryakov, A. S. Shcheglova, L. M. Zotkin, D. S. Abt, I. Caldwell, A. Kollar, D. Reisert, B. Schmidke, W. B. Grigorescu, G. Keramidas, A. Koffeman, E. Kooijman, P. Pellegrino, A. Tiecke, H. Vazquez, M. Wiggers, L. Bruemmer, N. Bylsma, B. Durkin, L. S. Lee, A. Ling, T. Y. Allfrey, P. D. Bell, M. A. Cooper-Sarkar, A. M. Devenish, R. C. E. Ferrando, J. Foster, B. Korcsak-Gorzo, K. Oliver, K. Patel, S. Roberfroid, V. Robertson, A. Straub, P. B. Uribe-Estrada, C. Walczak, R. Bertolin, A. Dal Corso, F. Dusini, S. Longhin, A. Stanco, L. Bellan, P. Brugnera, R. Carlin, R. Garfagnini, A. Limentani, S. Oh, B. Y. Raval, A. Ukleja, J. Whitmore, J. J. Iga, Y. D'Agostini, G. Marini, G. Nigro, A. Cole, J. E. Hart, J. C. Abramowicz, H. Ingbir, R. Kananov, S. Levy, A. Stern, A. Kuze, M. Maeda, J. Hori, R. Kagawa, S. Okazaki, N. Shimizu, S. Tawara, T. Hamatsu, R. Kaji, H. Kitamura, S. Ota, O. Ri, Y. D. Costa, M. Ferrero, M. I. Monaco, V. Sacchi, R. Solano, A. Arneodo, M. Ruspa, M. Fourletov, S. Martin, J. F. Stewart, T. P. Boutle, S. K. Butterworth, J. M. Gwenlan, C. Jones, T. W. Loizides, J. H. Wing, M. Brzozowska, B. Ciborowski, J. Grzelak, G. Kulinski, P. Luzniak, P. Malka, J. Nowak, R. J. Pawlak, J. M. Tymieniecka, T. Ukleja, A. Zarnecki, A. F. Adamus, M. Plucinski, P. Eisenberg, Y. Hochman, D. Karshon, U. Brownson, E. Danielson, T. Everett, A. Kcira, D. Reeder, D. D. Ryan, P. Savin, A. A. Smith, W. H. Wolfe, H. Bhadra, S. Catterall, C. D. Cui, Y. Hartner, G. Menary, S. Noor, U. Standage, J. Whyte, J. TI Energy dependence of the charged multiplicity in deep inelastic scattering at HERA SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lepton-nucleon scattering ID E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION DATA; LEPTON-NUCLEON SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR; HADRONIC-Z DECAYS; ROOT S=130 GEV; PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; BREIT FRAME; E+E-ANNIHILATION AB The charged multiplicity distributions and the mean charged multiplicity have been investigated in inclusive neutral current deep inelastic e p scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb(-1). The measurements were performed in the current region of the Breit frame, as well as in the current fragmentation region of the hadronic centre-of-mass frame. The KNO-scaling properties of the data were investigated and the energy dependence was studied using different energy scales. The data are compared to results obtained in e(+)e(-) collisions and to previous DIS measurements as well as to leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions. C1 [Chekanov, S.; Derrick, M.; Magill, S.; Musgrave, B.; Repond, J.; Yoshida, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mattingly, M. C. K.] Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [Jechow, M.; Pavel, N.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. [Antonioli, P.; Bari, G.; Bellagamba, L.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Cindolo, F.; Corradi, M.; Iacobucci, G.; Margotti, A.; Nania, R.; Polini, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Antonelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bindi, M.; Cifarelli, L.; Contin, A.; De Pasquale, S.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bartsch, D.; Brock, I.; Hartmann, H.; Hilger, E.; Jakob, H. -P.; Juengst, M.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E.; Paul, E.; Samson, U.; Schoenberg, V.; Shehzadi, R.; Wlasenko, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. [Brook, N. H.; Heath, G. P.; Morris, J. D.; Solomin, A.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Kim, J. Y.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. [Ibrahim, Z. A.; Kamaluddin, B.; Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan] Univ Malaya, Jabatan Fiz, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Ning, Y.; Ren, Z.; Sciulli, F.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Eskreys, A.; Figiel, J.; Galas, A.; Gil, M.; Olkiewicz, K.; Stopa, P.; Zawiejski, L.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Lukasik, J.; Przybycien, M.; Suszycki, L.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Kotanski, A.; Slominski, W.] Jagellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Haas, T.; Hain, W.; Huettmann, A.; Januschek, F.; Kahle, B.; Katkov, I. I.; Klein, U.; Koetz, U.; Kowalski, H.; Lobodzinska, E.; Loehr, B.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Miglioranzi, S.; Montanari, A.; Namsoo, T.; Notz, D.; Parenti, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Roloff, P.; Rubinsky, I.; Santamarta, R.; Schneek-Loth, U.; Spiridonov, A.; Szuba, D.; Szuba, J.; Theedt, T.; Wolf, G.; Wrona, K.; Molina, A. G. Yaguees; Youngman, C.; Zeuner, W.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Pelfer, P. G.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Gallo, E.; Pelfer, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Antonelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bindi, M.; Cifarelli, L.; Contin, A.; De Pasquale, S.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bamberger, A.; Dobur, D.; Karstens, F.; Vlasov, N. N.] Univ Freiburg iBr, Freiburg, Germany. [Bussey, P. J.; Doyle, A. T.; Dunne, W.; Forrest, M.; Rosin, M.; Saxon, D. H.; Skillicorn, I. O.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Gialas, I.; Papageorgiu, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Aegean, Greece. [Gialas, I.; Boutle, S. K.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Holm, U.; Klanner, R.; Lohrmann, E.; Schleper, P.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sztuk, J.; Stadie, H.; Turcato, M.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Exp Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Foudas, C.; Fry, C.; Long, K. R.; Tapper, A. D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. [Matsumoto, T.; Nagano, K.; Tokushuku, K.; Yamada, S.; Yamazaki, Y.] Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Barakbaev, A. N.; Boos, E. G.; Pokrovskiy, N. S.; Zhautykov, B. O.] Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kiev Natl Univ, Kiev, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Nucl Res, Kiev, Ukraine. [Son, D.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. [de Favereau, J.; Piotrzkowski, K.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Barreiro, F.; Glasman, C.; Jimenez, M.; Labarga, L.; del Peso, J.; Ron, E.; Soares, M.; Terron, J.; Zambrana, M.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. [Corriveau, F.; Liu, C.; Schwartz, J.; Walsh, R.; Zhou, C.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Tsurugai, T.] Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Antonov, A.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Gladkov, D.; Sosnovtsev, V.; Stifutkin, A.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Dementiev, R. K.; Ermolov, P. F.; Gladilin, L. K.; Golubkov, Yu. A.; Khein, L. A.; Korzhavina, I. A.; Kuzmin, V. A.; Levchenko, B. B.; Lukina, O. Yu.; Proskuryakov, A. S.; Shcheglova, L. M.; Zotkin, D. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Abt, I.; Caldwell, A.; Kollar, D.; Reisert, B.; Schmidke, W. B.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bruemmer, N.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Lee, A.; Ling, T. Y.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Allfrey, P. D.; Bell, M. A.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Devenish, R. C. E.; Ferrando, J.; Foster, B.; Korcsak-Gorzo, K.; Oliver, K.; Patel, S.; Roberfroid, V.; Robertson, A.; Straub, P. B.; Uribe-Estrada, C.; Walczak, R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Bertolin, A.; Dal Corso, F.; Dusini, S.; Longhin, A.; Stanco, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. [Oh, B. Y.; Raval, A.; Ukleja, J.; Whitmore, J. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Iga, Y.] Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Cole, J. E.; Hart, J. C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Abramowicz, H.; Ingbir, R.; Kananov, S.; Levy, A.; Stern, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.] Max Planck Inst, Munich, Germany. [Kuze, M.; Maeda, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Hori, R.; Kagawa, S.; Okazaki, N.; Shimizu, S.; Tawara, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Hamatsu, R.; Kaji, H.; Kitamura, S.; Ota, O.; Ri, Y. D.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Kitamura, S.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Radiol Sci, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. [Fourletov, S.; Martin, J. F.; Stewart, T. P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Boutle, S. K.; Butterworth, J. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Jones, T. W.; Loizides, J. H.; Wing, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Brzozowska, B.; Ciborowski, J.; Grzelak, G.; Kulinski, P.; Luzniak, P.; Malka, J.; Nowak, R. J.; Pawlak, J. M.; Tymieniecka, T.; Ukleja, A.; Zarnecki, A. F.] Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Ciborowski, J.; Luzniak, P.; Malka, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Adamus, M.; Plucinski, P.] Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Eisenberg, Y.; Hochman, D.; Karshon, U.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Brownson, E.; Danielson, T.; Everett, A.; Kcira, D.; Reeder, D. D.; Ryan, P.; Savin, A. A.; Smith, W. H.; Wolfe, H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bhadra, S.; Catterall, C. D.; Cui, Y.; Hartner, G.; Menary, S.; Noor, U.; Standage, J.; Whyte, J.] York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Drugakov, V.; Lohmann, W.; Schlenstedt, S.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. RP Chekanov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tobias.haas@desy.de RI Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Korzhavina, Irina/D-6848-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; IBRAHIM, ZAINOL ABIDIN/C-1121-2010; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; WAN ABDULLAH, WAN AHMAD TAJUDDIN/B-5439-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012 OI De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 061 PG 33 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 321WU UT WOS:000257338000048 ER PT J AU Giele, WT Zanderighi, G AF Giele, W. T. Zanderighi, G. TI On the numerical evaluation of one-loop amplitudes: the gluonic case SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NLO computations; jets; QCD; hadronic colliders ID SUPER-YANG-MILLS; HELICITY AMPLITUDES; GAUGE-THEORIES; CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGH-ENERGIES; MULTIPLE BREMSSTRAHLUNG; SCATTERING-AMPLITUDES; FERMION PROCESSES; TREE AMPLITUDES; CHARGED-CURRENT AB We develop an algorithm of polynomial complexity for evaluating one-loop amplitudes with an arbitrary number of external particles. The algorithm is implemented in the Rocket program. Starting from particles vertices given by Feynman rules, tree amplitudes are constructed using recursive relations. The tree amplitudes are then used to build one-loop amplitudes using an integer dimension on-shell cut method. As a first application we considered only three and four gluon vertices calculating the pure gluonic one-loop amplitudes for arbitrary external helicity or polarization states. We compare our numerical results to analytical results in the literature, analyze the time behavior of the algorithm and the accuracy of the results, and give explicit results for fixed phase space points for up to twenty external gluons. C1 [Giele, W. T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Zanderighi, G.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. RP Giele, WT (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM giele@fnal.gov; g.zanderighi1@physics.ox.ac.uk NR 72 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SCHOOL ADVANCED STUDIES PI TRIESTE PA VIA BEIRUT 2-4, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY SN 1126-6708 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 038 PG 23 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 321WU UT WOS:000257338000071 ER PT J AU Liu, T Wagner, CEM AF Liu, Tao Wagner, Carlos E. M. TI Dynamically solving the mu/B-mu problem in gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supersymmetry phenomenology; supersymmetry breaking; supersymmetric effective theories ID ELECTROWEAK BARYOGENESIS; STANDARD MODEL; HIGGS-BOSON; UNIFICATION; SEARCH; MSSM; MASS; LEP; COUPLINGS AB We provide a simple solution to the mu/B mu problem in the gauge- mediated Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. In this model the messenger sector contains one pair of 3 + (3) over bar and one pair of 2 + (2) over bar messengers. These two messenger pairs couple to different gauge singlets in the hidden sector in which supersymmetry (SUSY) is broken. Such a gauge- mediation structure can naturally arise in many backgrounds. Because of the two effective SUSY breaking scales < F-i >/< M-i > in the messenger sector, the renormalization group evolutions of the soft SUSY breaking parameters can be properly modified, leading to a negative enough singlet soft mass square m(N)(2)(Lambda(EW)) and hence reasonable mu/B-mu values. In most of the perturbative (up to the GUT scale) parameter region, as a result, the electroweak scale is stabilized and phenomenologically interesting mass spectra of particles and superparticles are obtained. In addition, this model favors large values of tan beta: 5 similar to 50 and a heavy scalar spectrum. With the relatively large tan beta, the light U(1)(R) pseudoscalar (mainly appearing in the low-scale gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models) becomes extremely singlet-like, and is no longer a problem in this model. These features apply to all cases of low-, intermediate- and high-scale gauge-mediated SUSY breaking. C1 [Liu, Tao; Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, T (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SCHOOL ADVANCED STUDIES PI TRIESTE PA VIA BEIRUT 2-4, I-34014 TRIESTE, ITALY SN 1126-6708 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 IS 6 AR 073 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/06/073 PG 31 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 321WU UT WOS:000257338000036 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, Paul T. TI A cohort study of incident hypertension in relation to changes in vigorous physical activity in men and women SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE body weight; hypertension; physical activity; prevention ID HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTORS; MALE RUNNERS; WEIGHT-GAIN; BODY-WEIGHT; EXERCISE; DISEASE; HEALTH; QUESTIONNAIRE; POPULATION AB Objective To assess the dose-response relationship between changes in vigorous exercise (running distance, Delta km per week) and physician-diagnosed hypertension. Design Twenty-four thousand, five hundred and fifty men and 10113 women were followed prospectively for (mean +/- SD) 7.8 +/- 1.8 and 7.5 +/- 2.0 years, respectively. Results Among those who maintained their running distance within +/- 5 km per week (5841 men), logistic regression showed that the log odds for hypertension was significantly lower for those who ran longer distances (coefficient +/- SE:-0.019 +/- 0.003 per km per week; P < 0.0001) even when adjusted for body mass index (-0.010 +/- 0.003 per km per week; P=0.002). Analyses of all 24 550 male and 10113 female runners showed that the log odds for hypertension declined significantly in relation to Delta km per week in men (-0.009 +/- 0.001; P < 0.0001) and women (-0.006 +/- 0.003; P=0.03), which remained significant when adjusted for body mass index in men (-0.005 +/- 0.001; P < 0.0001) but not in women (-0.004 +/- 0.003; P=0.13). In both sexes, the decline was related to the distance run at the end of follow-up but not at baseline. Compared with men who ran less than 8 km per week, the age-specific rate for incident hypertension in those who ran more than 40 km per week at the end of follow-up was 80% lower in those aged between 35 and 44 years, 66% lower in those between 45 and 54 years, 69% lower in those aged between 55 and 64 years (all P < 0.0001), and 57% lower in those older than 65 years (P=0.08). Conclusion The odds of developing hypertension are reduced in those who remain vigorously active and increased in those whose vigorous activity declined. These effects are dependent on the exercise dose and are due in part to metabolic processes associated with body weight. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45652, HL-072110, R01 HL072110]; NIA NIH HHS [R03 AG032004, R03 AG032004-01A1]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK066738, R01 DK066738] NR 35 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1085 EP 1093 DI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282fb81dc PG 9 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 306DZ UT WOS:000256229800007 PM 18475145 ER PT J AU Abat, E Addy, TN Akesson, TPA Alison, J Anghinolfi, F Arik, E Arik, M Atoian, G Auerbach, B Baker, OK Banas, E Baron, S Bault, C Becerici, N Beddall, A Beddall, AJ Bendotti, J Benjamin, DP Bertelsen, H Bingul, A Blampey, H Bocci, A Bochenek, M Bondarenko, VG Bychkov, V Callahan, J Garrido, MC Sas, LC Catinaccio, A Cetin, SA Chandler, T Chritin, R Cwetanski, P Dam, M Danielsson, H Danilevich, E David, E Degenhardt, J Di Girolamo, B Dittus, F Dixon, N Dogan, OB Dolgoshein, BA Dressnandt, N Driouchi, C Ebenstein, WL Eerola, P Egede, U Egorov, K Evans, H Farthouat, P Fedin, OL Fowler, AJ Fratina, S Froidevaux, D Fry, A Gagnon, P Gavrilenko, IL Gay, C Ghodbane, N Godlewski, J Goulette, M Gousakov, I Grigalashvili, N Grishkevich, Y Grognuz, J Hajduk, Z Hance, M Hansen, JB Hansen, PH Hansen, PH Hare, GA Harvey, A Hauviller, C High, A Hulsbergen, W Huta, W Issakov, V Istin, S Jain, V Jartskog, G Jeanty, L Kantserov, VA Kaplan, B Kapliy, AS Katounin, S Kayumov, F Keener, PT Kekelidze, GD Khabarova, E Khrislachev, A Kisielewski, B Kittelmann, TH Kline, C Klinkby, EB Klopov, NV Ko, BR Koffas, T Kondratieva, NV Konovalov, SP Koperny, S Korsmo, H Kovalenko, S Kowalski, TZ Kruger, K Kramarenko, V Kudin, LG Bihan, AC LeGeyt, BC Levterov, K Lichard, P Lindahl, A Lisan, V Lobastov, S Loginov, A Loh, CW Lokwitz, S Long, MC Lucas, S Lucotte, A Luehring, F Lundberg, B Mackeprang, R Maleev, VP Manara, A Mandl, M Martin, AJ Martin, FF Mashinistov, R Mayers, GM McFarlane, KW Mialkovski, V Mills, BM Mindur, B Mitsou, VA Mjornmark, JU Morozov, SV Morris, E Mouraviev, SV Muir, AM Munar, A Nadtochi, AV Nesterov, SY Newcomer, FM Nikitin, N Novgorodova, O Novodvorski, EG Ogren, H Oh, SH Oleshko, SB Olivito, D Olszowska, J Ostrowicz, W Passmore, MS Patrichev, S Penwell, J Perez-Gomez, F Peshekhonov, VD Petersen, TC Petti, R Placci, A Poblaguev, A Pons, X Price, MJ Rohne, O Reece, RD Reilly, MB Rembser, C Romaniouk, A Rousseau, D Rust, D Ryabov, YF Ryjov, V Soerberg, M Savenkov, A Saxon, J Scandurra, M Schegelsky, VA Scherzer, MI Schmidt, MP Schmitt, C Sedykh, E Seliverstov, DM Shin, T Shmeleva, A Sivoklokov, S Smirnov, SY Smirnova, L Smirnova, O Smith, P Sosnovtsev, VV Sprachmann, G Subramania, S Suchkov, SI Sulin, VV Szczygiel, RR Tartarelli, G Thomson, E Tikhomirov, VO Tipton, P Ferrer, JAV Berg, R Vassilakopoulos, VI Vassilieva, L Wagner, P Wall, R Wang, C Whittington, D Williams, HH Zhelezko, A Zhukov, K AF Abat, E. Addy, T. N. Akesson, T. P. A. Alison, J. Anghinolfi, F. Arik, E. Arik, M. Atoian, G. Auerbach, B. Baker, O. K. Banas, E. Baron, S. Bault, C. Becerici, N. Beddall, A. Beddall, A. J. Bendotti, J. Benjamin, D. P. Bertelsen, H. Bingul, A. Blampey, H. Bocci, A. Bochenek, M. Bondarenko, V. G. Bychkov, V. Callahan, J. Garrido, M. Capeans Sas, L. Ccardiel Catinaccio, A. Cetin, S. A. Chandler, T. Chritin, R. Cwetanski, P. Dam, M. Danielsson, H. Danilevich, E. David, E. Degenhardt, J. Di Girolamo, B. Dittus, F. Dixon, N. Dogan, O. B. Dolgoshein, B. A. Dressnandt, N. Driouchi, C. Ebenstein, W. L. Eerola, P. Egede, U. Egorov, K. Evans, H. Farthouat, P. Fedin, O. L. Fowler, A. J. Fratina, S. Froidevaux, D. Fry, A. Gagnon, P. Gavrilenko, I. L. Gay, C. Ghodbane, N. Godlewski, J. Goulette, M. Gousakov, I. Grigalashvili, N. Grishkevich, Y. Grognuz, J. Hajduk, Z. Hance, M. Hansen, F. Hansen, J. B. Hansen, P. H. Hare, G. A. Harvey, A., Jr. Hauviller, C. High, A. Hulsbergen, W. Huta, W. Issakov, V. Istin, S. Jain, V. Jartskog, G. Jeanty, L. Kantserov, V. A. Kaplan, B. Kapliy, A. S. Katounin, S. Kayumov, F. Keener, P. T. Kekelidze, G. D. Khabarova, E. Khrislachev, A. Kisielewski, B. Kittelmann, T. H. Kline, C. Klinkby, E. B. Klopov, N. V. Ko, B. R. Koffas, T. Kondratieva, N. V. Konovalov, S. P. Koperny, S. Korsmo, H. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, T. Z. Krueger, K. Kramarenko, V. Kudin, L. G. Le Bihan, A-C. LeGeyt, B. C. Levterov, K. Lichard, P. Lindahl, A. Lisan, V. Lobastov, S. Loginov, A. Loh, C. W. Lokwitz, S. Long, M. C. Lucas, S. Lucotte, A. Luehring, F. Lundberg, B. Mackeprang, R. Maleev, V. P. Manara, A. Mandl, M. Martin, A. J. Martin, F. F. Mashinistov, R. Mayers, G. M. McFarlane, K. W. Mialkovski, V. Mills, B. M. Mindur, B. Mitsou, V. A. Mjoernmark, J. U. Morozov, S. V. Morris, E. Mouraviev, S. V. Muir, A. M. Munar, A. Nadtochi, A. V. Nesterov, S. Y. Newcomer, F. M. Nikitin, N. Novgorodova, O. Novodvorski, E. G. Ogren, H. Oh, S. H. Oleshko, S. B. Olivito, D. Olszowska, J. Ostrowicz, W. Passmore, M. S. Patrichev, S. Penwell, J. Perez-Gomez, F. Peshekhonov, V. D. Petersen, T. C. Petti, R. Placci, A. Poblaguev, A. Pons, X. Price, M. J. Rohne, O. Reece, R. D. Reilly, M. B. Rembser, C. Romaniouk, A. Rousseau, D. Rust, D. Ryabov, Y. F. Ryjov, V. Soederberg, M. Savenkov, A. Saxon, J. Scandurra, M. Schegelsky, V. A. Scherzer, M. I. Schmidt, M. P. Schmitt, C. Sedykh, E. Seliverstov, D. M. Shin, T. Shmeleva, A. Sivoklokov, S. Smirnov, S. Yu. Smirnova, L. Smirnova, O. Smith, P. Sosnovtsev, V. V. Sprachmann, G. Subramania, S. Suchkov, S. I. Sulin, V. V. Szczygiel, R. R. Tartarelli, G. Thomson, E. Tikhomirov, V. O. Tipton, P. Ferrer, J. A. Valls Van Berg, R. Vassilakopoulos, V. I. Vassilieva, L. Wagner, P. Wall, R. Wang, C. Whittington, D. Williams, H. H. Zhelezko, A. Zhukov, K. CA ATLAS TRT Collaboration TI The ATLAS TRT electronics SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE VLSI circuits; analogue electronic circuits; detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, architecture, hardware, algorithms, databases); digital electronic circuits ID DETECTORS; TRACKER; READOUT; CHIP AB The ATLAS inner detector consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4cm-20cm, the semiconductor tracker at radii from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker (TRT), tracking from 56 to 107 cm. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the on and off detector electronics for the TRT as well as the TRT portion of the data acquisition (DAQ) system. C1 [Abat, E.; Anghinolfi, F.; Arik, E.; Bault, C.; Becerici, N.; Beddall, A.; Bertelsen, H.; Catinaccio, A.; Dixon, N.; Issakov, V.] Bogazici Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, TR-80815 Bebek, Turkey. [Petersen, T. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alison, J.; Banas, E.; Baron, S.; Beddall, A. J.; Bingul, A.; Callahan, J.; Garrido, M. Capeans; Sas, L. Ccardiel; Dam, M.; Danilevich, E.; Degenhardt, J.; Di Girolamo, B.; Dittus, F.; Evans, H.; Fratina, S.; Ghodbane, N.; Godlewski, J.; Grishkevich, Y.; Harvey, A., Jr.; High, A.; Hulsbergen, W.; Ko, B. R.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Kudin, L. G.; Levterov, K.; Long, M. C.; Manara, A.; Ostrowicz, W.; Penwell, J.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Petti, R.; Poblaguev, A.; Pons, X.; Reilly, M. B.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schmidt, M. P.; Sosnovtsev, V. V.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Benjamin, D. P.; Cwetanski, P.; Dressnandt, N.; Hance, M.; Hansen, F.; Hansen, J. B.; Kline, C.; Lichard, P.; Lundberg, B.; Wang, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bocci, A.; Konovalov, S. P.; Kovalenko, S.; Mills, B. M.] AGH UST, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Baker, O. K.; Grognuz, J.; Khrislachev, A.; Olivito, D.; Olszowska, J.; Sulin, V. V.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Bendotti, J.; Blampey, H.; Driouchi, C.; Fedin, O. L.; Klopov, N. V.; Ogren, H.; Wall, R.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Chandler, T.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Hare, G. A.; Lokwitz, S.; Lucas, S.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, FR-38026 Grenoble, France. [Froidevaux, D.; Mayers, G. M.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Van Berg, R.; ATLAS TRT Collaboration] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Bychkov, V.; Chritin, R.; Egede, U.; Egorov, K.; Fry, A.; Istin, S.; Kittelmann, T. H.; Lucotte, A.; Maleev, V. P.; Morozov, S. V.; Novodvorski, E. G.; Patrichev, S.; Rousseau, D.; Saxon, J.; Smirnova, O.; Sprachmann, G.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Bondarenko, V. G.; Goulette, M.; Gousakov, I.; Keener, P. T.; Kekelidze, G. D.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lindahl, A.; Lisan, V.; McFarlane, K. W.; Perez-Gomez, F.; Soederberg, M.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Addy, T. N.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Eerola, P.; Jain, V.; Koperny, S.; Luehring, F.; Mitsou, V. A.; Ryjov, V.; Smirnova, L.] Lund Univ, Fysiska Inst, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Szczygiel, R. R.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, IT-20133 Milan, Italy. [Szczygiel, R. R.] INFN Milano, IT-20133 Milan, Italy. [Gagnon, P.; Katounin, S.; Kondratieva, N. V.; Morris, E.; Nikitin, N.; Shin, T.; Suchkov, S. I.; Thomson, E.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.; Zhelezko, A.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, RU-117924 Moscow, Russia. [Bochenek, M.; Dogan, O. B.; Jeanty, L.; Koffas, T.; Martin, F. F.; Mjoernmark, J. U.; Rembser, C.; Sivoklokov, S.; Smith, P.; Subramania, S.; Williams, H. H.] MEPhI, RU-115409 Moscow, Russia. [Grigalashvili, N.; Krueger, K.; Newcomer, F. M.; Shmeleva, A.; Smirnov, S. Yu.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, RU-119992 Moscow, Russia. [Gay, C.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, DE-80805 Munich, Germany. [Romaniouk, A.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, IN2P3 CNRS, Orsay, France. [Price, M. J.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, NO-0316 Oslo 3, Norway. [Akesson, T. P. A.; David, E.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Fowler, A. J.; Hajduk, Z.; Hansen, P. H.; Hauviller, C.; Kaplan, B.; Kayumov, F.; Le Bihan, A-C.; Martin, A. J.; Mashinistov, R.; Muir, A. M.; Nesterov, S. Y.; Oleshko, S. B.; Rohne, O.; Reece, R. D.; Savenkov, A.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Tartarelli, G.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Vassilieva, L.; Whittington, D.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Danielsson, H.; Farthouat, P.; Kapliy, A. S.; Khabarova, E.; Klinkby, E. B.; Korsmo, H.; Kramarenko, V.; Mackeprang, R.; Munar, A.; Nadtochi, A. V.; Novgorodova, O.; Oh, S. H.; Passmore, M. S.; Rust, D.; Scandurra, M.; Schmitt, C.; Sedykh, E.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia. [Kisielewski, B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Mindur, B.; Tipton, P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis At Mol & Nucl, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Mindur, B.; Tipton, P.] Ctr Mixto UVEG CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Mindur, B.; Tipton, P.] IMB CNM CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Gavrilenko, I. L.; Jartskog, G.; Loginov, A.; Mialkovski, V.; Mouraviev, S. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Arik, M.; Atoian, G.; Auerbach, B.; Cetin, S. A.; Huta, W.; Kantserov, V. A.; Lobastov, S.; Loh, C. W.; Mandl, M.; Placci, A.; Scherzer, M. I.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Wagner, P.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM rick@hep.upenn.edu RI Konovalov, Serguei/M-9505-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; vasilyeva, lidia/M-9569-2015; Mindur, Bartosz/A-2253-2017; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; kayumov, fred/M-6274-2015; Zhukov, Konstantin/M-6027-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Szczygiel, Robert/B-5662-2011; Smirnova, Lidia/D-8089-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Loh, Chang Wei/I-1310-2014; Klopov, Nikolay/J-5041-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015 OI Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Mindur, Bartosz/0000-0002-5511-2611; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Egede, Ulrik/0000-0001-5493-0762; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Klinkby, Esben Bryndt/0000-0002-1908-5644; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Klopov, Nikolay/0000-0003-3688-8008; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581 NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 3 AR P06007 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/3/06/P06007 PG 84 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 324ES UT WOS:000257501100001 ER PT J AU Zotev, VS Volegov, PL Matlashov, AN Espy, MA Mosher, JC Kraus, RH AF Zotev, Vadim S. Volegov, Petr L. Matlashov, Andrei N. Espy, Michelle A. Mosher, John C. Kraus, Robert H., Jr. TI Parallel MRI at microtesla fields SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE parallel MRI; ULF MRI; SENSE; MEG; SQUID ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; HUMAN BRAIN; CONCOMITANT GRADIENTS; PHASED-ARRAY; COIL; NMR; ACQUISITION; SENSE; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY AB Parallel imaging techniques have been widely used in high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Multiple receiver coils have been shown to improve image quality and allow accelerated image acquisition. Magnetic resonance imaging at ultra-low fields (ULF MRI) is a new imaging approach that uses SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) sensors to measure the spatially encoded precession of pre-polarized nuclear spin populations at microtesla-range measurement fields. In this work, parallel imaging at microtesla fields is systematically studied for the first time. A seven-channel SQUID system, designed for both ULF MRI and magnetoencephalography (MEG), is used to acquire 3D images of a human hand, as well as 2D images of a large water phantom. The imaging is performed at 46 mu T measurement field with pre-polarization at 40 mT. It is shown how the use of seven channels increases imaging field of view and improves signal-to-noise ratio for the hand images. A simple procedure for approximate correction of concomitant gradient artifacts is described. Noise propagation is analyzed experimentally, and the main source of correlated noise is identified. Accelerated imaging based on one-dimensional undersampling and I D SENSE (sensitivity encoding) image reconstruction is studied in the case of the 2D phantom. Actual threefold imaging acceleration in comparison to single-average fully encoded Fourier imaging is demonstrated. These results show that parallel imaging methods are efficient in ULF MRI, and that imaging performance of SQUID-based instruments improves substantially as the number of channels is increased. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zotev, Vadim S.; Volegov, Petr L.; Matlashov, Andrei N.; Espy, Michelle A.; Mosher, John C.; Kraus, Robert H., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp Appl Modern Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zotev, VS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp Appl Modern Phys, MS D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vzotev@lanl.gov FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB006456, R01 EB006456-01, R01-EB006456] NR 44 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 192 IS 2 BP 197 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2008-02.015 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 310OG UT WOS:000256538300004 PM 18328753 ER PT J AU Hong, ST Hovanski, Y Lavender, CA Weil, KS AF Hong, Sung-Tae Hovanski, Yuri Lavender, Curt A. Weil, K. Scott TI Investigation of die stress profiles during powder compaction using instrumented die SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Materials Science and Technology Conference and Exhibition (MS&T'07) CY SEP 16-20, 2007 CL Detroit, MI DE friction; instrumented die; powder compaction; titanium ID WALL FRICTION; MODEL AB The die stress profiles during compaction of commercially pure titanium (Ti) and commercial lubricated iron (Fe) powders were experimentally investigated using an instrumented die. The die was designed to simulate double-action pressing, and a detailed stress profile was measured along the height of the die using multiple custom-made strain gage pins. The stress history shows that residual stress remained in the die in the radial direction after the axial compaction stress was removed from the powder. Also, the stress profile at the maximum axial stress and the residual stress profile were observed to be symmetric across the height of the compact for both powders, but both have a unique shape for each powder. For both the stress profile at the maximum axial stress and the residual stress profile, the unlubricated Ti powder produced a much higher radial stress at the center of the compact with a steep pressure gradient on both top and bottom of the compact, while the lubricated Fe powder produced a rather uniform radial stress distribution along the height of the compact. C1 [Hong, Sung-Tae; Hovanski, Yuri; Lavender, Curt A.; Weil, K. Scott] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hong, Sung-Tae] Univ Ulsan, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Ulsan 680749, South Korea. RP Hong, ST (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sthong@ulsan.ac.kr; yuri.hovanski@pnl.gov RI Choi, Seungtae/C-6821-2011; Hong, Sung Tae/K-2720-2015 OI Choi, Seungtae/0000-0002-4119-9787; Hong, Sung Tae/0000-0003-2263-7099 NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.1007/s11665-008-9229-1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 299HJ UT WOS:000255746400014 ER PT J AU Cheng, S Choo, H Zhao, YH Wang, XL Zhu, YT Wang, YD Almer, J Liaw, PK Jin, JE Lee, YK AF Cheng, S. Choo, H. Zhao, Y. H. Wang, X-L. Zhu, Y. T. Wang, Y. D. Almer, J. Liaw, P. K. Jin, J. E. Lee, Y. K. TI High ductility of ultrafine-grained steel via phase transformation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LOW-CARBON STEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOSTRUCTURED CU; TENSILE BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; COPPER; ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; REFINEMENT; STRENGTH AB There is often a tradeoff between strength and ductility, and the low ductility of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials has been a major obstacle to their practical structural applications despite their high strength. In this study, we have achieved a similar to 40% tensile ductility while increasing the yield strength of FeCrNiMn steel by an order of magnitude via grain refinement and deformation-induced martensitic phase transformation. The strain-rate effect on the inhomogeneous deformation behavior and phase transformation was studied in detail. C1 [Cheng, S.; Choo, H.; Wang, Y. D.; Liaw, P. K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Choo, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhao, Y. H.; Zhu, Y. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cheng, S.; Wang, X-L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Almer, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Jin, J. E.; Lee, Y. K.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Met Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Choo, H (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hchoo@utk.edu; yklee@yonsei.ac.kr RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Zhao, Yonghao/A-8521-2009; Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Cheng, Sheng/D-9153-2013; wang, yandong/G-9404-2013; Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Cheng, Sheng/0000-0003-1137-1926; Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1578 EP 1586 DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0213 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 308LV UT WOS:000256392600011 ER PT J AU Cordill, MJ Moody, NR Gerberich, WW AF Cordill, M. J. Moody, N. R. Gerberich, W. W. TI Effects of dynamic indentation on the mechanical response of materials SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; ELASTIC-MODULUS; VISCOELASTIC CHARACTERIZATION; NANOINDENTATION; HARDNESS; LOAD AB Dynamic indentation techniques are often used to determine mechanical properties as a function of depth by continuously measuring the stiffness of a material. The dynamics are used by superimposing an oscillation on top of the monotonic loading. Of interest was how the oscillation affects the measured mechanical properties when compared to a quasi-static indent run at the same loading conditions as a dynamic. Single crystals of nickel and NaCl as well as a polycrystalline nickel sample and amorphous fused quartz and polycarbonate have all been studied. With respect to dynamic oscillations, the result is a decrease of the load at the same displacement and thus lower measured hardness values of the ductile crystalline materials. It has also been found that the first 100 nm of displacement are the most affected by the oscillating tip, an important length scale for testing thin films, nanopillars, and nanoparticles. C1 [Cordill, M. J.] Univ Min & Met Leoben, Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. [Cordill, M. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Moody, N. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gerberich, W. W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Cordill, MJ (reprint author), Univ Min & Met Leoben, Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. EM megan.cordill@oeaw.ac.at OI Cordill, Megan/0000-0003-1142-8312 NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1604 EP 1613 DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0205 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 308LV UT WOS:000256392600014 ER PT J AU Babentsov, V Franc, J Fauler, A Fiederle, M James, RB AF Babentsov, V. Franc, J. Fauler, A. Fiederle, M. James, R. B. TI Doping, compensation, and photosensitivity of detector grade CdTe SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESISTIVITY CDTE; DEFECT STRUCTURE; DOPED CDTE; CHARGE; TELLURIDE; CDZNTE AB We studied the resistivity, photosensitivity, photoluminescence, and surface photovoltage of CdTe crystals doped with Ge or Sri to extend our knowledge of the influence of the deep-donor level on compensation and afterglow effects. We demonstrated a strong correlation between photosensitivity caused by photoelectrons with Fermi-level variations near the Ge-Cd(0/2+) or Sn-Cd(0/2+) energy levels. Surface photovoltage measurements confirmed that when the concentration of residual acceptors varied along the direction of growth, then trapping conditions dramatically changed as a defect was converted from a neutral state to doubly charged positive one. C1 [Franc, J.] Charles Univ Prague, Inst Phys, Fac Math & Phys, CZ-12116 Prague, Czech Republic. [Babentsov, V.] Inst Semicond Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. [Fauler, A.; Fiederle, M.] Freiburger Mat Forschungszentrum, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Franc, J (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Inst Phys, Fac Math & Phys, CZ-12116 Prague, Czech Republic. EM franc@karlov.mff.cuni.cz RI Fiederle, Michael/B-9750-2013; Franc, Jan/C-3802-2017 OI Franc, Jan/0000-0002-9493-3973 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1751 EP 1757 DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0198 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 308LV UT WOS:000256392600032 ER PT J AU Caballero, FG Miller, MK Garcia-Mateo, C AF Caballero, F. G. Miller, M. K. Garcia-Mateo, C. TI The approach to equilibrium during tempering of a bulk nanocrystalline steel: an atom probe investigation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Intergranular and Interphase Boundaries CY JUL 10-13, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN ID BAINITE TRANSFORMATION; SILICON STEEL AB A local electrode atom probe has been used to analyze the solute partitioning during bainite transformation in a novel, nanocrystalline bainitic steel. Atom probe results show the absence of any partitioning of substitutional elements between the phases involved. The results are fully consistent with the diffusionless transformation of austenite to bainite. However, substitutional elements are expected to redistribute approaching an equilibrium phase boundary as the mixture of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite is tempered. The compositional analysis of the austenite/ferrite interface by atom probe tomography indicates that retained austenite decomposes during tempering before equilibrium is reached at the interface. C1 [Caballero, F. G.; Garcia-Mateo, C.] CENIM CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Miller, M. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Caballero, FG (reprint author), CENIM CSIC, Avda Gregorio Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM fgc@cenim.csic.es RI CABALLERO, FRANCISCA/A-4292-2008; Garcia-Mateo, Carlos/A-7752-2008; OI Garcia-Mateo, Carlos/0000-0002-4773-5077; Caballero, Francisca/0000-0002-5548-7659 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 11 BP 3769 EP 3774 DI 10.1007/s10853-007-2157-x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 301EJ UT WOS:000255878900005 ER PT J AU Capdevila, C Miller, MK Russell, KF AF Capdevila, C. Miller, M. K. Russell, K. F. TI Aluminum partitioning during phase separation in Fe-20%Cr-6%Al ODS alloy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Intergranular and Interphase Boundaries CY JUL 10-13, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN ID MOSSBAUER; DECOMPOSITION; EMBRITTLEMENT AB Phase separation in a commercial Fe-20 wt.%Cr-6%Al oxide dispersion-strengthened PM 2000 steel has been characterized with a local-electrode atom probe after isothermal aging at 708 K and 748 K for times up to 3,600 h. A progressing decrease in the Al content of the Cr-rich alpha' phase was observed with time at both aging temperatures. The Al partitioning trend was consistent with theoretical calculations. However, the experimentally observed Al partitioning factor was significantly lower than the predicted equilibrium value. A similar to 10 nm diameter, roughly spherical, Al- and Ti-enriched beta' Fe(AlTi) phase was also observed. C1 [Capdevila, C.] CSIC, CENIM, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Miller, M. K.; Russell, K. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Capdevila, C (reprint author), CSIC, CENIM, Avda Gregorio Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM ccm@cenim.csic.es RI Capdevila, Carlos/B-6970-2015 OI Capdevila, Carlos/0000-0002-1869-4085 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 11 BP 3889 EP 3893 DI 10.1007/s10853-007-2228-z PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 301EJ UT WOS:000255878900022 ER PT J AU Prokofjev, SI Johnson, E Zhilin, VM Dahmen, U AF Prokofjev, Sergei I. Johnson, Erik Zhilin, Victor M. Dahmen, Ulrich TI Dissolution kinetics of nanoscale liquid Pb/Bi inclusions at a grain boundary in aluminum SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Intergranular and Interphase Boundaries CY JUL 10-13, 2007 CL Barcelona, SPAIN ID MG ALLOY; GROWTH; AL; NUCLEATION; CU AB In situ transmission electron microscopy is used to study dissolution of liquid single-phase Pb/Bi inclusions attached to a grain boundary in an alloy of Al(99.29)Pb(0.65)Bi(0.06) at temperatures of 343, 370, and 389 degrees C, respectively. The initial size of the inclusions was smaller than 60 nm. Dissolution of the inclusions was observed until their complete disappearance. Digitized video recordings of the process of dissolution were used to obtain the dependence of the inclusion size with time. The kinetics of the dissolution of the grain boundary inclusions can be described with a model where it is assumed that grain-boundary diffusion of Pb and Bi is the controlling mechanism. The high value (2.3 eV) of the apparent activation enthalpy of dissolution indicates that the process is likely governed by the large negative enthalpies of solubility of Pb and Bi in Al. C1 [Prokofjev, Sergei I.; Zhilin, Victor M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow District, Russia. [Prokofjev, Sergei I.; Johnson, Erik] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Nano Sci Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Johnson, Erik] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, Roskilde, Denmark. [Dahmen, Ulrich] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prokofjev, SI (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow District, Russia. EM prokof@issp.ac.ru NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 11 BP 3894 EP 3899 DI 10.1007/s10853-007-2409-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 301EJ UT WOS:000255878900023 ER PT J AU Stanek, CR Tan, AHH Owens, SL Grimes, RW AF Stanek, Christopher R. Tan, Averyl H. H. Owens, Scott L. Grimes, Robin W. TI Atomistic simulation of CeO(2) surface hydroxylation: implications for glass polishing SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL MORPHOLOGIES; IONIC-CRYSTAL; CERIA; UO2; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; BULK AB Atomistic simulation techniques have been used to investigate the dissociative adsorption of water on the (110), (111), and (100) low index surfaces of CeO(2), as well as a so-called "trench" surface configuration. Several different coverages of water have been considered to better understand how the hydroxylation process progresses. Hydroxylation energies and surface energies of CeO(2) calculated via atomistic simulations are compared to similar results for other fluorite oxides. Finally, the modification of CeO(2) crystallite morphology in the presence of water is predicted from the changes in surface energy and the implications of these morphological changes for glass polishing are discussed. C1 [Tan, Averyl H. H.; Grimes, Robin W.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. [Stanek, Christopher R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Owens, Scott L.] Nexia Solut Ltd, Warrington WA3 6AS, Cheshire, England. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. EM r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk NR 38 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 12 BP 4157 EP 4162 DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2605-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 302ZY UT WOS:000256010100023 ER PT J AU Baty, RS Farassat, F Tucker, DH AF Baty, Roy S. Farassat, F. Tucker, Don H. TI Nonstandard analysis and jump conditions for converging shock waves SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTIONS; MULTIPLICATIONS; AMBIGUITIES AB Nonstandard analysis is an area of modern mathematics that studies abstract number systems containing both infinitesimal and infinite numbers. This article applies nonstandard analysis to derive jump conditions for one-dimensional, converging shock waves in a compressible, inviscid, perfect gas. It is assumed that the shock thickness occurs on an infinitesimal interval and the jump functions in the thermodynamic and fluid dynamic parameters occur smoothly across this interval. Predistributions of the Heaviside function and the Dirac delta measure are introduced to model the flow parameters across a shock wave. The equations of motion expressed in nonconservative form are then applied to derive unambiguous relationships between the jump functions for the flow parameters. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Baty, Roy S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Farassat, F.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Tucker, Don H.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Baty, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 6 AR 063101 DI 10.1063/1.2939482 PG 18 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321DH UT WOS:000257284400017 ER PT J AU Khare, A Saxena, A AF Khare, Avinash Saxena, Avadh TI Domain wall and periodic solutions of a coupled phi(6) model SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SCALAR FIELDS; SOLITONS; SYSTEMS AB Coupled triple well (phi(6)) one-dimensional potentials occur in both condensed matter physics and field theory. Here we provide a set of exact periodic solutions in terms of elliptic functions (domain wall arrays) and obtain single domain wall solutions in specific limits. Topological, nontopological (e.g., some pulselike solutions), as well as mixed domain walls are obtained. We relate these solutions to structural phase transitions in materials with polarization, shuffle modes, and strain. We calculate the energy and the asymptotic interaction between solitons for various solutions. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Khare, Avinash] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Khare, A (reprint author), Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. EM khare@iopb.res.in; avadh@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 EI 1089-7658 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 6 AR 063301 DI 10.1063/1.2938691 PG 18 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321DH UT WOS:000257284400018 ER PT J AU Hall, NA Okandan, M Littrell, R Bicen, B Degertekin, FL AF Hall, Neal A. Okandan, Murat Littrell, Robert Bicen, Baris Degertekin, F. Levent TI Simulation of thin-film damping and thermal mechanical noise spectra for advanced micromachined microphone structures SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE finite elements; MEMS; microphone; thermal mechanical noise ID MEMS; SENSORS AB In many micromachined sensors the thin (2-10 mu m thick) air film between a compliant diaphragm and backplate electrode plays a dominant role in shaping both the dynamic and thermal noise characteristics of the device. Silicon microphone structures used in grating-based optical-interference microphones have recently been introduced that employ backplates with minimal area to achieve low damping and low thermal noise levels. Finite-element based modeling procedures based on 2-D discretization of the governing Reynolds equation are ideally suited for studying thin-film dynamics in such structures which utilize relatively complex backplate geometries. In this paper, the dynamic properties of both the diaphragm and thin air film are studied using a modal projection procedure in a commonly used finite element software and the results are used to simulate the dynamic frequency response of the coupled structure to internally generated electrostatic actuation pressure. The model is also extended to simulate thermal mechanical noise spectra of these advanced sensing structures. In all cases simulations are compared with measured data and show excellent agreement-demonstrating 0.8 pN/ root 4Hz and 1.8 mu Pa/ root Hz thermal force and thermal pressure noise levels, respectively, for the 1.5 mm diameter structures under study which have a fundamental diaphragm resonance-limited bandwidth near 20 kHz. C1 [Hall, Neal A.; Okandan, Murat] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Littrell, Robert] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bicen, Baris] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Degertekin, F. Levent] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Hall, NA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM nahall@alumni.utexas.net FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R01 DC005762, R01 DC005762-04] NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 EI 1941-0158 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 688 EP 697 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2008.918384 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 311UQ UT WOS:000256626300016 PM 19081811 ER PT J AU Mahalingam, K Eyink, KG Brown, GJ Dorsey, DL Kisielowski, CF Thust, A AF Mahalingam, K. Eyink, K. G. Brown, G. J. Dorsey, D. L. Kisielowski, C. F. Thust, A. TI Compositional analysis of mixed-cation-anion III-V semiconductor interfaces using phase retrieval high-resolution transmission electron microscopy SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE exit-plane wave function; focal series reconstruction; high-rersolution transmission electron microscopy; multivariate statistical analysis; III-V semiconductor interfaces ID INAS/GASB SUPERLATTICES; MULTIVARIATE-STATISTICS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; QUANTUM-WELLS; RECONSTRUCTION; SEGREGATION; FAMILY; IMAGES; HRTEM AB Employing exit-plane wave function (EPWF) reconstruction in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), we have developed an approach to atomic scale compositional analysis of III-V semiconductor interfaces, especially suitable for analyzing quaternary heterostructures with intermixing in both cation and anion sub-lattices. Specifically, we use the focal-series reconstruction technique, which retrieves the complex-valued EPWF from a thru-focus series of HRTEM images. A study of interfaces in Al(0.4)Ga(0.6)As-GaAs and In(0.25)Ga(0.75)Sb-InAs heterostructures using focal-series reconstruction shows that change in chemical composition along individual atomic columns across an interface is discernible in the phase image of the reconstructed EPWF. To extract the interface composition profiles along the cation and anion sub-lattices, quantitative analysis of the phase image is performed using factorial analysis of correspondence. This enabled independent quantification of changes in the In-Ga and As-Sb contents across ultra-thin interfacial regions (approximately 0.6 nm wide) with true atomic resolution, in the In(0.25)Ga(0.75)Sb-InAs heterostructure. The validity of the method is demonstrated by analyzing simulated HRTEM images of an InAs-GaSb-InAs model structure with abrupt and graded interfaces. Our approach is general, permitting atomic-level compositional analysis of heterostructures with two species per sub-lattice, hitherto unfeasible with existing HRTEM methods. C1 [Mahalingam, K.; Eyink, K. G.; Brown, G. J.; Dorsey, D. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kisielowski, C. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thust, A.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Solid State Res, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Thust, A.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Ernst Ruska Ctr Microscopy & Spect Electrons, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Mahalingam, K (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM krishnamurthy.mahalingam@wpafb.af.mil RI Thust, Andreas/K-5856-2013 OI Thust, Andreas/0000-0001-6416-7617 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 230 IS 3 BP 372 EP 381 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.01995.x PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 305ET UT WOS:000256161300005 PM 18503662 ER PT J AU Ahrenkiel, SP Yu, PR Murphy, JE Nedeljkovic, JM Donohoe, BS AF Ahrenkiel, S. P. Yu, P. R. Murphy, J. E. Nedeljkovic, J. M. Donohoe, B. S. TI Nanoparticle shape and configuration analysis by transmission electron tomography SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE imaging; microscopy; nanoparticles; reconstruction; semiconductors; tomography ID DUAL-AXIS TOMOGRAPHY; MICROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; RESOLUTION; PARTICLES AB Tomographic reconstruction by transmission electron microscopy is used to reveal three-dimensional nanoparticle shapes and the stacking configurations of nanoparticle ensembles. Reconstructions are generated from bright-field image tilt series, with a sample tilt range up to +/- 70 degrees, using single or dual tilt axes. We demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for the analysis of nanomaterials, using appropriate acquisition conditions. Tomography reveals both cubic and hexagonal close-packing configurations in multi-layered arrays of size-selected In nanospheres. By tomography and phase-contrast lattice imaging, we relate the three-dimensional shape of PbSe octahedral nanoparticles to the underlying crystal structure. We also confirm simple-cubic packing in multi-layers of PbSe nanocubes and see evidence that the particle shapes have cubic symmetry. The shapes of TiO(2) nanorod bundles are shown by tomographic reconstruction to resemble flattened ellipsoids. C1 [Ahrenkiel, S. P.; Yu, P. R.; Murphy, J. E.; Donohoe, B. S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Nedeljkovic, J. M.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. RP Ahrenkiel, SP (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, 501 E St Joseph St, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. EM phil.Ahrenkiel@sdsmt.edu NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 230 IS 3 BP 382 EP 387 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.01996.x PG 6 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 305ET UT WOS:000256161300006 PM 18503663 ER PT J AU Guslienko, KY AF Guslienko, K. Yu. TI Magnetic vortex state stability, reversal and dynamics in restricted geometries SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE magnetic vortex; magnetization reversal; spin waves; ferromagnetic dots ID SPIN-WAVE SPECTRA; DOT ARRAYS; SINGLE-DOMAIN; FERROMAGNETIC ELEMENTS; CYLINDRICAL NANODOTS; PERMALLOY DOTS; VORTICES; INPLANE; DISKS; SHAPE AB Magnetic vortices are typically the ground states in geometrically confined ferromagnets with small magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In this article I review static and dynamic properties of the magnetic vortex state in small particles with nanoscale thickness and sub-micron and micron lateral sizes (magnetic dots). Magnetic dots made of soft magnetic material shaped as flat circular and elliptic cylinders are considered. Such mesoscopic dots undergo magnetization reversal through successive nucleation, displacement and annihilation of magnetic vortices. The reversal process depends on the stability of different possible zero-field magnetization configurations with respect to the dot geometrical parameters and application of an external magnetic field. The interdot magnetostatic interaction plays an important role in magnetization reversal for dot arrays with a small clot-to-dot distance, leading to decreases in the vortex nucleation and annihilation fields. Magnetic vortices reveal rich, non-trivial dynamical properties due to existance of the vortex core bearing topological charges. The vortex ground state magnetization distribution leads to a considerable modification of the nature of spin excitations in comparison to those in the uniformly magnetized state. A magnetic vortex confined in a magnetically soft ferromagnet with micron-sized lateral dimensions possesses a characteristic dynamic excitation known as a translational mode that corresponds to spiral-like precession of the vortex core around its equilibrium position. The translation motions of coupled vortices are considered. There are, above the vortex translation mode eigenfrequencies, several dynamic magnetization eigenmodes localized outside the vortex core whose frequencies are determined principally by dynamic demagnetizing fields appearing due to restricted dot geometry. The vortex excitation modes are classified as translation modes and radially or azimuthally symmetric spin waves over the vortex ground state. Studying the spin eigenmodes in such systems provides valuable information to relate the particle dynamical response to geometrical parameters. Unresolved problems are identified to attract attention of researchers working in the area of nanomagnetism. C1 [Guslienko, K. Yu.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Guslienko, K. Yu.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Res Ctr Spin Dynam & Spin Wave Devices, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Guslienko, KY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 79 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 3 U2 53 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2745 EP 2760 DI 10.1166/jnn.2008.003 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 320YR UT WOS:000257271600003 PM 18681013 ER PT J AU Kakazei, GN Mewes, T Wigen, PE Hammel, PC Slavin, AN Pogorelov, YG Costa, MD Golub, VO Guslienko, KY Novosad, V AF Kakazei, G. N. Mewes, T. Wigen, P. E. Hammel, P. C. Slavin, A. N. Pogorelov, Yu. G. Costa, M. D. Golub, V. O. Guslienko, K. Yu. Novosad, V. TI Probing arrays of circular magnetic microdots by ferromagnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ferromagnetic resonance; patterned media; dipolar interactions; spin waves ID SPIN-WAVE MODES; PLANE UNIAXIAL ANISOTROPIES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; DOT ARRAYS; CONFIGURATIONAL ANISOTROPY; MECHANICAL DETECTION; CYLINDRICAL DOTS; CO FILMS; SINGLE; MULTILAYERS AB X-band ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was used to characterize in-plane magnetic anisotropies in rectangular and square arrays of circular nickel and Permalloy microclots. In the case of a rectangular lattice, as interdot distances in one direction decrease, the in-plane uniaxial anisotropy field increases, in good agreement with a simple theory of magnetostatically interacting uniformly magnetized dots. In the case of a square lattice a four-fold anisotropy of the in-plane FMR field Hr was found when the interdot distance a gets comparable to the dot diameter D. This anisotropy, not expected in the case of uniformly magnetized dots, was explained by a non-uniform magnetization m(r) in a dot in response to dipolar forces in the patterned magnetic structure. It is well described by an iterative solution of a continuous variation procedure. In the case of perpendicular magnetization multiple sharp resonance peaks were observed below the main FMR peak in all the samples, and the relative positions of these peaks were independent of the interdot separations. Quantitative description of the observed multiresonance FMR spectra was given using the dipole-exchange spin wave dispersion equation for a perpendicularly magnetized film where in-plane wave vector is quantized due to the finite dot radius, and the inhomogenetiy of the intradot static demagnetization field in the nonellipsoidal dot is taken into account. It was demonstrated that ferromagnetic resonance force microscopy (FMRFM) can be used to determine both local and global properties of patterned submicron ferromagnetic samples. Local spectroscopy together with the possibility to vary the tip-sample spacing enables the separation of those two contributions to a FMRFM spectrum. The global FMR properties of circular submicron dots determined using magnetic resonance force microscopy are in a good agreement with results obtained using conventional FMR and with theoretical descriptions. C1 [Kakazei, G. N.; Pogorelov, Yu. G.] Univ Porto, Dept Phys, IFIMUP IN, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Kakazei, G. N.; Golub, V. O.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Magnetism, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. [Mewes, T.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, MINT, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Wigen, P. E.; Hammel, P. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Slavin, A. N.] Oakland Univ, Dept Phys, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. [Costa, M. D.] Univ Porto, Dept Phys, CFP, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Guslienko, K. Yu.; Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kakazei, GN (reprint author), Univ Porto, Dept Phys, IFIMUP IN, Rua Campo Alegre 687, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. RI Dias Costa, Miguel/A-6968-2008; Mewes, Tim/B-4796-2009; Golub, Vladimir/K-8647-2012; Kakazei, Gleb/A-5106-2008; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 OI Dias Costa, Miguel/0000-0001-8859-5763; Mewes, Tim/0000-0001-6166-9427; Golub, Vladimir/0000-0002-7550-3978; Kakazei, Gleb/0000-0001-7081-581X; Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798; NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2811 EP 2826 DI 10.1166/jnn.2008.004 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 320YR UT WOS:000257271600007 PM 18681017 ER PT J AU Zhang, Q Shin, YJ Hua, F Saraf, LV Matson, DW AF Zhang, Q. Shin, Y. J. Hua, F. Saraf, L. V. Matson, D. W. TI Fabrication of transparent capacitive structure by self-assembled thin films SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electrostatic self-assembly; nanoparticle; transparent electronics; flexible electronics ID OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR; MULTILAYER FILMS; PRESSURE SENSOR; TRANSISTORS AB An approach to fabricating transparent electronic devices by using nanomaterial and nanofabrication is presented in this paper. A see-through capacitor is constructed from self-assembled silica nanoparticle layers that are stacked on the transparent substrate. The electrodes are made of indium tin oxide. Unlike the traditional processes used to fabricate such devices, the self-assembly approach enables one to synthesize the thin film layers at lower temperature and cost, and with a broader availability of nanomaterials. The vertical dimension of the self-assembled thin films can be precisely controlled, as well as the molecular order in the thin film layers. The shape of the capacitor is generated by planar micropatterning. The monitoring by quartz crystal demonstrates the steady growth of the silica nanoparticle multilayer. In addition, because the material synthesis and the device fabrication steps are separate, the fabrication is not affected by the harsh conditions required for the material synthesis. As a result, a clear pattern is allowed over a large area on the substrate. The prepared capacitive structure has an optical transparency higher than 92% over the visible spectrum. The capacitive impedance is measured at different frequencies and fit the theoretical results. As one of the fundamental components, this type of capacitive structure can serve in the transparent circuits, interactive media and sensors, as well as being applicable to other transparent devices. C1 [Zhang, Q.; Shin, Y. J.; Hua, F.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Saraf, L. V.; Matson, D. W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hua, F (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 3008 EP 3012 DI 10.1166/jnn.2008.075 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 320YR UT WOS:000257271600029 PM 18681039 ER PT J AU Gao, CY Nicholson, DM Keffer, DJ Edwards, BJ AF Gao, Carrie Y. Nicholson, Donald M. Keffer, David J. Edwards, Brian J. TI A multiscale modeling demonstration based on the pair correlation function SO JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Equilibrium Thermodynamics and Complex Fluids CY SEP 03-07, 2006 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP Univ Patras, Hellenic Soc Rheol DE multiscale modeling; pair correlation function; Ornstein-Zernike; Percus-Yevick ID SIMULATION; ENTROPY; FLUID AB For systems with interatomic interactions that are well described by pairwise potentials, the pair correlation function provides a vehicle for passing information from the molecular-level to the macroscopic level of description. In this work, we present a complete demonstration of the use of the pair correlation function to simulate a fluid at the molecular and macroscopic levels. At the molecular-level, we describe a monatomic fluid using the Ornstein-Zernike integral equation theory closed with the Percus-Yevick approximation. At the macroscopic level, we perform a multiscale simulation with macroscopic evolution equations for the mass, momentum, temperature, and pair correlation function, using molecular-level simulation to provide the boundary conditions. We perform a self-consistency check by comparing the pair correlation function that evolved from the multiscale simulation with the one evaluated at the molecular-level; excellent agreement is achieved. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Carrie Y.; Keffer, David J.; Edwards, Brian J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Nicholson, Donald M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Keffer, DJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM dkeffer@utk.edu RI Keffer, David/C-5133-2014; OI Keffer, David/0000-0002-6246-0286; Edwards, Brian/0000-0002-2378-5627 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0257 J9 J NON-NEWTON FLUID JI J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 152 IS 1-3 BP 140 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.05.003 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 313XA UT WOS:000256772100015 ER PT J AU Atcher, R AF Atcher, Robert TI Session 4: Strategies for getting the word out SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Atcher, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 6 BP 70N EP 71N PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 309WN UT WOS:000256491000022 PM 18511834 ER PT J AU Arakawa, H Kajimoto, T Noda, S Watanabe, T Shigyo, N Ishibashi, K Kunieda, S Haight, RC AF Arakawa, Hiroyuki Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi Noda, Shusaku Watanabe, Takehito Shigyo, Nobuhiro Ishibashi, Kenji Kunieda, Satoshi Haight, Robert C. TI Neutron-Production Double-Differential Cross Sections for 100 MeV Neutron-Incidence on In SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Radiation Safety and Detection Technology CY JUL 18-20, 2007 CL Hanyang Univ, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Innovat Technol Ctr Radiat Safety, Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Korean Assoc Radiat Protect HO Hanyang Univ DE neutron incident neutron production cross section; spallation; NE213; moving source model ID SCINTILLATORS; PROTONS AB Neutron-production double-differential cross sections were measured on Indium (In) for neutron-induced reactions of 90 - 110 MeV at the WNR facility of Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Incident particles were neutrons produced by an 800 MeV proton-bombarded spallation target. Six NE213 liquid organic scintillators were used as neutron detectors. The results are parameterized by the moving source model and compared with calculated data. C1 [Arakawa, Hiroyuki; Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi; Noda, Shusaku; Watanabe, Takehito; Shigyo, Nobuhiro; Ishibashi, Kenji] Kyushu Univ, Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Kunieda, Satoshi] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Naka, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Haight, Robert C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Arakawa, H (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Nishi Ku, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. EM arakawa@kune2a.nucl.kyushu-u.ac.jp NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 SU 5 BP 116 EP 119 DI 10.1080/00223131.2008.10875800 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 460OC UT WOS:000267196000030 ER PT J AU Kajimoto, T Arakawa, H Noda, S Watanabe, T Shigyo, N Ishibashi, K Haight, RC AF Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi Arakawa, Hiroyuki Noda, Shusaku Watanabe, Takehito Shigyo, Nobuhiro Ishibashi, Kenji Haight, Robert C. TI Study of Recoil-Proton-Detector System Using Organic and Inorganic Scintillators for High Energy Neutron Measurement SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Radiation Safety and Detection Technology CY JUL 18-20, 2007 CL Hanyang Univ, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Innovat Technol Ctr Radiat Safety, Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Korean Assoc Radiat Protect HO Hanyang Univ DE recoil proton detector; neutron; radiator; phoswich-type detector; PHITS ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS AB An optimized design for a recoil-proton-detector system is studied to measure (n, xn) cross sections of incident energies up to 300 MeV. The detector system is composed of a radiator to convert a neutron into a recoiled proton and a phoswich-type detector to detect the recoiled proton. The radiator is made of an NE213 liquid organic scintillator. The phoswich-type detector includes a BGO scintillator surrounded by an NE102A plastic scintillator. Optimal design is investigated by varying dimensions of the radiator and the phoswich detector. Calculations of detector properties are performed by the PHITS. The detector system is shown to have a capability to measure (n, xn) cross sections effectively. C1 [Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi; Arakawa, Hiroyuki; Noda, Shusaku; Watanabe, Takehito; Shigyo, Nobuhiro; Ishibashi, Kenji] Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Haight, Robert C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kajimoto, T (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, 744 Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. EM kajimoto@kune2a.nucl.kyushu-u.ac.jp NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 SU 5 BP 526 EP 529 DI 10.1080/00223131.2008.10875907 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 460OC UT WOS:000267196000137 ER PT J AU Restaino, SR Andrews, JR Martinez, T Santiago, F Wick, DV Wilcox, CC AF Restaino, S. R. Andrews, J. R. Martinez, T. Santiago, F. Wick, D. V. Wilcox, C. C. TI Adaptive optics using MEMS and liquid crystal devices SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Topical Meeting of the European-Optical-Society on Optical Microsystems CY SEP 30-OCT 01, 2007 CL Capri, ITALY SP European Opt Soc DE adaptive optics; liquid crystals; MEM devices; non-mechanical zoom ID SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR; PHASE MODULATOR; TURBULENCE; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; GENERATION; ZOOM AB In the past two decades, the use of adaptive optics has been validated in many different observatories around the world. However, the availability of new technologies like liquid crystal modulators (LCM) or micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) deformable mirrors (DM) are providing a revolution in the field. These devices are lower in cost and complexity and are opening the door to applications of adaptive optics that are beyond the astronomical use. In this paper we will present a review of our experience with both MEMS and LCM. Both theoretical and experimental results will be presented. C1 [Restaino, S. R.; Andrews, J. R.; Martinez, T.; Santiago, F.; Wilcox, C. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div Code 7216, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Wick, D. V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Restaino, SR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div Code 7216, 3550 Aberdeen SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1464-4258 J9 J OPT A-PURE APPL OP JI J. Opt. A-Pure Appl. Opt. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 10 IS 6 AR 064006 DI 10.1088/1464-4258/10/6/064006 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 311SK UT WOS:000256619700007 ER PT J AU Shaw, WJ Chen, YS Fulton, J Linehan, J Gutowska, A Bitterwolf, T AF Shaw, Wendy J. Chen, Yongsheng Fulton, John Linehan, John Gutowska, Anna Bitterwolf, Tom TI Structural evolution of a recoverable rhodium hydrogenation catalyst SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE homogeneous catalysis; aqueous rhodium catalysts; stimulus sensitive polymers; recoverable catalyst; high pressure NMR ID ACID DICARBONYLRHODIUM(I) COMPLEXES; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SOLUBLE POLYMERS; N-15 NMR; LIGANDS; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); TEMPERATURE; DERIVATIVES; THIOLATE; IFEFFIT AB A recoverable, water soluble, hydrogenation catalyst was synthesized by reacting poly-N-isopropylacrylamide containing a terminal amino group (H(2)N-CH(2)CH(2)-S-pNIPAAm) with [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) in organic solvents to form the square planar rhodium complex (Rh(CO)(2)Cl(H(2)N-CH(2)CH(2)-S-pNIPAAm)). The catalyst-ligand structure was characterized using in situ multinuclear NMR, XAFS and IR spectroscopic methods. Model complexes containing glycine (H(2)NCH(2)COOH), cysteamine (H(2)NCH(2)CH(2)SH) and methionine methyl ester (H(2)NCH(CH(2)CH(2)SCH(3))COOCH(3)) ligands were studied to aid in the interpretation of the coordination sphere of the rhodium catalyst. The spectroscopic data revealed a switch in ligation from the amine bound (Rh-NH(2)-CH(2)CH(2)-S-pNIPAAm) to the thioether bound (Rh-S(-CH(2)CH(2)NH(2))(-pNIPAAm)) rhodium when the complex was dissolved in water. The evolution of the structure of the rhodium complex dissolved in water was followed by XAFS. The structure changed from the expected monomeric complex to form a rhodium cluster of up to four rhodium atoms containing one SRR' ligand and one CO ligand per rhodium center. No metallic rhodium was observed during this transformation. The rhodium rhodium interactions were disrupted when an alkene (3-butenol) was added to the aqueous solution. The kinetics of the hydrogenation reaction were measured using a novel high-pressure flow-through NMR system and the catalyst was found to have a TOF of 3000/Rh/h at 25 degrees C for the hydrogenation of 3-butenol in water. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shaw, Wendy J.; Fulton, John; Linehan, John] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bitterwolf, Tom] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Gutowska, Anna] Adv Imaging Technol, Richland, WA USA. [Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Shaw, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wendy.shaw@pnl.gov RI Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 693 IS 12 BP 2111 EP 2118 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.03.011 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 301LQ UT WOS:000255898100006 ER PT J AU Wang, HL Turner, JA AF Wang, Heli Turner, John A. TI Anodic behavior of high nitrogen-bearing steels in PEMFC environments SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE stainless steel; bipolar plate; PEMFC; XPS; corrosion; fuel cell ID BIPOLAR PLATE MATERIAL; AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS; FILMS; XPS; PASSIVATION; PASSIVITY AB High nitrogen-bearing stainless steels, AISI Type 201 and AL219, were investigated in simulated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) environments to assess the use of these materials in fuel cell bipolar plate applications. Both steels exhibit better corrosion behavior than 316L steel in the same environments. Type 201 steel shows similar but lower interfacial contact resistance (ICR) than 316L, while AL219 steel shows higher ICR than 316L. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the air-formed films on Type 201 and AL219 are composed of iron oxides, chromium oxide, and manganese oxide. Iron oxides dominate the composition of the air-formed film, specially the outer layer. Chromium oxide dominates passive films. Surface film thicknesses were estimated. The results suggest that high nitrogen-bearing stainless steels are promising materials for PEMFC bipolar plates. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Heli; Turner, John A.] Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM heli_wang@nrel.gov NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 180 IS 2 BP 791 EP 796 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.02-085 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 308LW UT WOS:000256392700016 ER PT J AU Wang, HL Turner, JA AF Wang, Heli Turner, John A. TI Austenitic stainless steels in high temperature phosphoric acid SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE stainless steel; phosphoric acid; XPS; bipolar plate; high temperature ID BIPOLAR PLATE MATERIAL; MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; PASSIVE FILMS; CORROSION; DESIGN AB Austenite 316 L, 317 L, and 904 L stainless steels were investigated in 98% H3PO4 at 170 degrees C and they experienced passivation regardless of the purged gas. When polarized at 0.1 V (hydrogen) and 0.7 V (air) (phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) environments), currents at the level of mA cm(-2) were observed. Compared to carbon composite under identical conditions, 904 L showed lower currents while 316 L and 317 L showed much higher currents. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiles indicated that the surface film of the fresh steels consists of a Fe-oxide-rich outer layer and a Cr-oxide-rich inner layer. After being polarized in the PAFC environments, the Fe-oxide layer was selectively dissolved and Cr-oxide dominated the passive film. Phosphorus was incorporated into the film during the process, thus the chemical composition of the passive film differed from those formed in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) environments. The thicknesses of the stainless steels in the passive films in PAFC environments were estimated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Heli; Turner, John A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM heli_wang@nrel.gov NR 23 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 180 IS 2 BP 803 EP 807 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.02.086 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 308LW UT WOS:000256392700018 ER PT J AU Kang, MS Ahn, KS Lee, JW AF Kang, Moon-Sung Ahn, Kwang-Soon Lee, Ji-Won TI Quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells employing ternary component polymer-gel electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE polymer-gel electrolytes; dye-sensitized solar cell; multiple molecular size distributions; TiO2 nanoparticles; energy conversion efficiency; light scattering ID EFFICIENCY; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; CATION AB Ternary component polymer-gel electrolytes are designed to facilitate ion transport in a highly viscous medium and utilize incident light more efficiently in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Polyethers with multiple molecular size distributions are employed as solvents and TiO2 nanoparticles as a filler to prepare the polymer-gel electrolytes. The ion transport properties of the electrolytes are systematically investigated using electrochemical analyses such as ion conductivity and diffusion coefficient measurements. The influences of the electrolyte components on the electron transport in photoanodes are also investigated by measuring the laser-induced photovoltage and photocurrent transient response, incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE), and current-voltage (I-V) curves. The optimized polymer-gel electrolyte results in greatly enhanced energy conversion efficiency (i.e., 7.2% at 1 sun) due to the significantly improved ion transport and good light-scattering effect of the nanofillers. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kang, Moon-Sung; Lee, Ji-Won] Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Energy & Environm Lab, Yongin 446712, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Ahn, Kwang-Soon] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kang, MS (reprint author), Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Energy & Environm Lab, 14-1 Nongseo Dong, Yongin 446712, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM dyecells@paran.com NR 28 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 180 IS 2 BP 896 EP 901 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.02.087 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 308LW UT WOS:000256392700033 ER PT J AU Du, XX Yang, F Manes, NP Stenoien, DL Monroe, ME Adkins, JN States, DJ Purvine, SO Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Du, Xiuxia Yang, Feng Manes, Nathan P. Stenoien, David L. Monroe, Matthew E. Adkins, Joshua N. States, David J. Purvine, Samuel O. Camp, David G., II Smith, Richard D. TI Linear discriminant analysis-based estimation of the false discovery rate for phosphopeptide identifications SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE false discovery rate; phosphoproteomics; expectation maximization; linear discriminant analysis; p-value; q-value; Bayesian analysis ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; STATISTICAL-MODEL; PROTEIN; SPECTROMETRY; PROTEOMICS; DATABASE; LOCALIZATION; PEPTIDES; SEARCH; CELLS AB The-development of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has made it possible to characterize phosphopeptides in an increasingly large-scale and high-throughput fashion. However, extracting confident phosphopeptide identifications from the resulting large data sets in a similar high-throughput fashion remains difficult, as does rigorously estimating the false discovery rate (FDR) of a set of phosphopeptide identifications. This article describes a data analysis pipeline designed to address these issues. The first step is to reanalyze phosphopeptide identifications that contain ambiguous assignments for the incorporated phosphate(s) to determine the most likely arrangement of the phosphate(s). The next step is to employ an expectation maximization algorithm to estimate the joint distribution of the peptide scores. A linear discriminant analysis is then performed to determine how to optimally combine peptide scores (in this case, from SEQUEST) into a discriminant score that possesses the maximum discriminating power. Based on this discriminant score, the p- and q-values for each phosphopeptide identification are calculated, and the phosphopeptide identification FDR is then estimated. This data analysis approach was applied to data from a study of irradiated human skin fibroblasts to provide a robust estimate of FDR for phosphopeptides. The Phosphopeptide FDR Estimator software is freely available for download at http://ncrr.pni.gov/software/. C1 [Du, Xiuxia; Yang, Feng; Manes, Nathan P.; Stenoien, David L.; Monroe, Matthew E.; Adkins, Joshua N.; Purvine, Samuel O.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [States, David J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), POB 999-K8-98, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Manes, Nathan/E-2817-2012; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Manes, Nathan/0000-0001-6701-3314; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522, P41 RR018522-05, RR018522] NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2195 EP 2203 DI 10.1021/pr070510t PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311KL UT WOS:000256599000002 PM 18422353 ER PT J AU Ham, BM Yang, F Jayachandran, H Jaitly, N Monroe, ME Gritsenko, MA Livesay, EA Zhao, R Purvine, SO Orton, D Adkins, JN Camp, DG Rossie, S Smith, RD AF Ham, Bryan M. Yang, Feng Jayachandran, Hemalatha Jaitly, Navdeep Monroe, Matthew E. Gritsenko, Marina A. Livesay, Eric A. Zhao, Rui Purvine, Samuel O. Orton, Daniel Adkins, Joshua N. Camp, David G., II Rossie, Sandra Smith, Richard D. TI The influence of sample preparation and replicate analyses on HeLa cell phosphoproteome coverage SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE comparative phosphoproteomics; immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC); mass spectrometry; 50 mu m ID reversed phase column; 1D SDS-PAGE; non-metal nano-HPLC ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHOSPHOPEPTIDES; PROTEINS; PHOSPHORYLATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Ongoing optimization of proteomic methodologies seeks to improve both the coverage and confidence of protein identifications. The optimization of sample preparation, inclusion of technical replicates (repeated instrumental analysis of the same sample), and biological replicates (multiple individual samples) are crucial in proteomic studies to avoid the pitfalls associated with single point analysis and under-sampling. Phosphopeptides were isolated from HeLa cells and analyzed by nano-reversed phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nano-RP-LC-MS/MS). We observed that a detergent-based protein extraction approach, followed with additional steps for nucleic acid removal, provided a simple alternative to the broadly used Trizol extraction. The evaluation of four technical replicates demonstrated measurement reproducibility with low percent variance in peptide responses at approximately 3%, where additional peptide identifications were made with each added technical replicate. The inclusion of six technical replicates for moderately complex protein extracts (approximately 4000 Uniquely identified peptides per data set) affords the optimal collection of peptide information. C1 [Ham, Bryan M.; Yang, Feng; Jaitly, Navdeep; Monroe, Matthew E.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Livesay, Eric A.; Zhao, Rui; Purvine, Samuel O.; Orton, Daniel; Adkins, Joshua N.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ham, Bryan M.; Yang, Feng; Jaitly, Navdeep; Monroe, Matthew E.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Livesay, Eric A.; Zhao, Rui; Purvine, Samuel O.; Orton, Daniel; Adkins, Joshua N.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jayachandran, Hemalatha; Rossie, Sandra] Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jayachandran, Hemalatha; Rossie, Sandra] Purdue Univ, Purdue Canc Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522-05, P41 RR018522, RR018522]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS031221, R01 NS031221] NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2215 EP 2221 DI 10.1021/pr700575m PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311KL UT WOS:000256599000004 PM 18412383 ER PT J AU Gaucher, SP Redding, AM Mukhopadhyay, A Keasling, JD Singh, AK AF Gaucher, Sara P. Redding, Alyssa M. Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Keasling, Jay D. Singh, Anup K. TI Post-translational modifications of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough sulfate reduction pathway proteins SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE iTRAQ; SRB; DsrC; trimethyl-lysine; acetylation; PTMs ID DISSIMILATORY SULFITE REDUCTASE; HEAT-SHOCK RESPONSE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS; HISTONE MODIFICATIONS; LYSINE ACETYLATION; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DSRMKJOP COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION AB Recent developments in shotgun proteomics have enabled high-throughput studies of a variety of microorganisms at a proteome level and provide experimental validation for predicted open reading frames in the corresponding genome. More importantly, advances in mass spectrometric data analysis now allow mining of large proteomics data sets for the presence of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Although PTMs are a critical aspect of cellular activity, such information eludes cell-wide studies conducted at the transcript level. Here, we analyze several mass spectrometric data sets acquired using two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, 2D-LC/MS/MS, for the sulfate reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. Our searches of the raw spectra led us to discover several post-translationally modified peptides in D. vulgaris. Of these, several peptides containing a lysine with a +42 Da modification were found reproducibly across all data sets. Both acetylation and trimethylation have the same nominal +42 Da mass, and are therefore candidates for this modification. Several spectra were identified having markers for trimethylation, while one is consistent with an acetylation. Surprisingly, these modified peptides predominantly mapped to proteins involved in sulfate respiration. Other highly expressed proteins in D. vulgaris, such as enzymes involved in electron transport and other central metabolic processes, did not contain this modification. Decoy database searches were used to control for random spectrum/sequence matches. Additional validation for these modifications was provided by alternate workflows, for example, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry analysis of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase gamma-subunit (DsrC) protein. MS data for DsrC in this alternate workflow also contained the +42 Da modification at the same loci. Furthermore, the DsrC homologue in another sulfate reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20, also showed similar +42 Da modifications in the same pathway. Here, we discuss our methods and implications of potential trimethylation in the D. vulgaris sulfate reduction pathway. C1 [Gaucher, Sara P.; Singh, Anup K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gaucher, Sara P.; Redding, Alyssa M.; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Keasling, Jay D.; Singh, Anup K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Redding, Alyssa M.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,Mail Stop 9291, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM aksingh@sandia.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2320 EP 2331 DI 10.1021/pr700772s PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311KL UT WOS:000256599000015 PM 18416566 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, RM Seurynck-Servoss, SL Crowley, SA Brown, M Omenn, GS Hayes, DF Zangar, RC AF Gonzalez, Rachel M. Seurynck-Servoss, Shannon L. Crowley, Sheila A. Brown, Marty Omenn, Gilbert S. Hayes, Daniel F. Zangar, Richard C. TI Development and validation of sandwich ELISA microarrays with minimal assay interference SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antibody; ELISA; microarray; cross-reactivity; longitudinal; serum ID BREAST-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA MICROARRAYS; PROTEOMICS; PREDICTION; DISCOVERY; STRATEGY AB Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,(ELISA) microarrays are emerging as a strong candidate platform for multiplex biomarker analysis because of the ELISA's ability to quantitatively measure rare proteins in complex biological fluids. Advantages of this platform are high-throughput potential, assay sensitivity and stringency, and the similarity to the standard ELISA test, which facilitates assay transfer from a research setting to a clinical laboratory. However, a major concern with the multiplexing of ELISAs is maintaining high assay specificity. In this study, we systematically determine the amount of assay interference and noise contributed by individual components of a multiplexed 24-assay system. We find that nonspecific reagent cross-reactivity problems are relatively rare. We did identify the presence of contaminant antigens in a "purified antigen". We tested the validated ELISA microarray chip using paired serum samples that had been collected from four women at a 6-month interval. This analysis demonstrated that protein levels typically vary much more between individuals than within an individual over time, a result which suggests that longitudinal studies may be useful in controlling for biomarker variability across a population. Overall, this research demonstrates the importance of a stringent screening protocol and the value of optimizing the antibody and antigen concentrations when designing chips for ELISA microarrays. C1 [Gonzalez, Rachel M.; Seurynck-Servoss, Shannon L.; Crowley, Sheila A.; Brown, Marty; Hayes, Daniel F.; Zangar, Richard C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Gonzalez, Rachel M.; Seurynck-Servoss, Shannon L.; Crowley, Sheila A.; Brown, Marty; Hayes, Daniel F.; Zangar, Richard C.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Oncol Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Omenn, Gilbert S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Zangar, RC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,P7-56, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM richard.zangar@pnl.gov OI Omenn, Gilbert S./0000-0002-8976-6074 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA117378]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB006177] NR 22 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2406 EP 2414 DI 10.1021/pr700822t PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311KL UT WOS:000256599000024 PM 18422355 ER PT J AU Nicholson, G Landsberger, S Welch, L Gritzo, R AF Nicholson, G. Landsberger, S. Welch, L. Gritzo, R. TI Characterization of a Compton suppression system and the applicability of Poisson statistics SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETRY AB The Compton suppression system (CSS) has been thoroughly characterized at the University of Texas' Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory (NETL). Effects of dead-time, sample displacement from primary detector, and primary energy detector position relative to the active shield detector have been measured and analyzed. Also, the applicability of Poisson counting statistics to Compton suppression spectroscopy has been evaluated. C1 [Nicholson, G.; Landsberger, S.; Welch, L.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gritzo, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, C INC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nicholson, G (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, PRC 159,10100 Burnet Rd, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM s.landsberger@mail.utexas.edu NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 577 EP 581 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0602-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900002 ER PT J AU Douglas, M Friese, JI Warren, GA Bachelor, PP Farmer, OT Choiniere, AD Schulte, SM Aalseth, CE AF Douglas, M. Friese, J. I. Warren, G. A. Bachelor, P. P. Farmer, O. T., III Choiniere, A. D. Schulte, S. M. Aalseth, C. E. TI Modeling of gamma-ray spectra to direct efficient chemical separations SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A project has been undertaken at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to tailor a series of efficient chemical separations to allow the rapid quantification of gamma-ray emitting isotopes in mixed fission product (MFP) samples. In support of that goal, modeling of singles and coincident gamma-ray spectra that would result from various chemical separation strategies has been performed. These simulated spectra have identified likely instances of spectral interference and have provided an estimate of the time window available for the detection of radionuclides following various chemical separation schemes. A description of results to date is presented here, demonstrating the utility of this approach for improved processing and analysis of fission product samples. C1 [Douglas, M.; Friese, J. I.; Warren, G. A.; Bachelor, P. P.; Farmer, O. T., III; Choiniere, A. D.; Schulte, S. M.; Aalseth, C. E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Douglas, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM matthew.douglas@pnl.gov OI Douglas, Matthew/0000-0001-9708-1780 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0603-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900003 ER PT J AU Tan, H Mitra, S Wielopolski, L Fallu-Labruyere, A Hennig, W Chu, YX Warburton, WK AF Tan, H. Mitra, S. Wielopolski, L. Fallu-Labruyere, A. Hennig, W. Chu, Y. X. Warburton, W. K. TI A multiple time-gated system for pulsed digital gamma-ray spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA AB Neutron activation analysis (NAA) systems that use pulsed neutron generators (NGs) employ spectrum gating procedures to segregate nuclear processes by acquiring gamma-ray spectra separately when the generator is on (HIGH gate) and off (LOW gate). Often, the actual neutron burst lags the leading edge of the HIGH gate signal by a few mu s. Thus, count rates vary not only between the on and off states of the NG, but within them as well. Recent advances in digital gamma-ray spectrometers that allowed the concurrent acquisition of data by sorting events into two separate spectra based on gate status suggested that a time-resolved analysis that further subdivided the neutron pulse cycle could obtain further information to separate gamma-rays produced by different nuclear reactions. In this paper we introduce a gating system for time-resolved NAA that is capable of concurrently acquiring as many as 16 spectra from up to 8 user-defined time intervals during each of the HIGH gate and LOW gate periods, each with all required timing and count rate information. We present the new gating system's implementation, operation and some first experimental test results. C1 [Tan, H.; Fallu-Labruyere, A.; Hennig, W.; Chu, Y. X.; Warburton, W. K.] XIA LLC, Hayward, CA 94544 USA. [Mitra, S.; Wielopolski, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Res & Technol Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tan, H (reprint author), XIA LLC, 31057 Genstar Rd, Hayward, CA 94544 USA. EM htan@xia.com NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 639 EP 643 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0611-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900011 ER PT J AU Hoppe, EW Seifert, A Aalseth, CE Day, AR Farmer, OT Hossbach, TW McIntyre, JI Miley, HS Smart, JE Warren, GA AF Hoppe, E. W. Seifert, A. Aalseth, C. E. Day, A. R. Farmer, O. T. Hossbach, T. W. McIntyre, J. I. Miley, H. S. Smart, J. E. Warren, G. A. TI A method for removing surface contamination on ultra-pure copper spectrometer components SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Spectrometers for the lowest-level radiometric measurements require materials of extreme radiopurity. Measurements of rare nuclear decays, e.g., neutrinoless double-beta decay, can require construction and shielding materials with bulk radiopurity reaching one micro-Becquerel per kilogram or less. When such extreme material purity is achieved, surface contamination, particularly solid daughters in the natural radon decay chains, can become the limiting background. High-purity copper is an important material for ultra-low-background spectrometers and thus is the focus of this work. A method for removing surface contamination at very low levels without attacking the bulk material is described. An assay method using a low-background proportional counter made of the material under examination is employed, and the preliminary result of achievable surface contamination levels is presented. C1 [Hoppe, E. W.; Seifert, A.; Aalseth, C. E.; Day, A. R.; Farmer, O. T.; Hossbach, T. W.; McIntyre, J. I.; Miley, H. S.; Smart, J. E.; Warren, G. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hoppe, EW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM allen.seifert@pnl.gov RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014; OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310; Day, Anthony/0000-0002-1217-1822 NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 645 EP 650 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0612-z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900012 ER PT J AU McGrath, CA Gehrke, RJ AF McGrath, C. A. Gehrke, R. J. TI A comparison of pulser-based analog and digital spectrometers SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB We have begun a program of updates to the instruments used by the Radiation Measurements Laboratory at the Idaho National Laboratory. This laboratory supports the Advanced Test Reactor as well as many other programs throughout the INL. The first step in this upgrade is the updating of the gamma-ray spectrometry systems. Currently, these gamma-ray spectrometers use a standard spectroscopy amplifier and a pulser-based ADC. We have performed a series of tests to determine if a digital-signal processor-based system can replace these analog electronics, with little to no loss in performance. C1 [McGrath, C. A.; Gehrke, R. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP McGrath, CA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM christopher.mcgrath@inl.gov RI McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 669 EP 675 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0616-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900016 ER PT J AU Vo, DT AF Vo, Duc T. TI Comparison of portable detectors for uranium enrichment measurements SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Uranium enrichment and holdup measurements require a detector capable of accurately obtaining the 186-keV peak area. NaI detectors have been widely used for these tasks. However, for recycled uranium, the interference of the 239-keV peak from the U-232 decay chain challenges the capabilities of the NaI detectors to accurately extract the area of the 186-keV peak. Using CZT detectors, which have much better resolution than the NaI detectors, has temporarily solved this interference problem. However, the CZT detectors have setbacks in that they are generally small and have low efficiencies, which require long acquisition times for reasonable statistics. Recently, two new types of scintillator detectors have become available commercially, LaCl3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce). These cerium-doped lanthanum halide detectors, with comparable resolution but better efficiency than the CZT detectors, appear to permanently solve the interference problem for recycled uranium measurements. In this report, we compare the uranium enrichment measurement performances of a portable NaI detector, a large coplanar-grid CZT detector, and a LaBr3 detector. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp N1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vo, DT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp N1, M-S E540, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ducvo@lanl.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 693 EP 698 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0619-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900019 ER PT J AU Sullivan, JP Rawool-Sullivan, MW Wenz, TR AF Sullivan, J. P. Rawool-Sullivan, M. W. Wenz, T. R. TI LaCl3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce) gamma-ray spectra with various plutonium isotopic and uranium enrichment standards SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB This report assesses the utility of lanthanum-halide detectors for isotope identification and total mass measurements for uranium and plutonium isotopes. Comparisons to similar measurements with NaI detectors are made. C1 [Sullivan, J. P.; Rawool-Sullivan, M. W.; Wenz, T. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sullivan, JP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sullivan@lanl.gov OI Rawool-Sullivan, Mohini/0000-0002-3001-3318; Sullivan, John/0000-0002-9067-1531 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 699 EP 705 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0620-z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900020 ER PT J AU Woodring, ML Egan, JE Kegel, GHR DeSimone, DJ AF Woodring, M. L. Egan, J. E. Kegel, G. H. R. DeSimone, D. J. TI Fast neutron induced fission neutron spectra below the incident energy SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Fission neutron spectra from neutron induced fission in U-235 and Pu-239 for energies below that of the neutron inducing fission have been measured. The spectra were obtained for 1.5 MeV and 2.5 MeV incident neutrons. Previous accelerator-based fission neutron spectra measurements have been seriously complicated by time-correlated gamma-rays and scattered neutrons from the fission sample. Three barium fluoride detectors were placed near the sample undergoing induced fission and used to identify fission gamma rays. A coincidence of fission gamma-rays was used to gate a liquid scintillator neutron detector to distinguish fission events from other events. The fission neutron spectral shape and average energy measured in this experiment compare well to both previous measurements and prior theory and also suggest a dependence on incident neutron energy and mass of the fissioning nucleus. An overview of the experiment, a discussion of the results, and the importance of this work to homeland security are given. C1 [Woodring, M. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Egan, J. E.; Kegel, G. H. R.] Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA USA. [DeSimone, D. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Woodring, ML (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Mitchell.Woodring@pnl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 707 EP 712 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0621-y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900021 ER PT J AU Anderson, KK Jarman, KD Mann, ML Pfund, DM Runkle, RC AF Anderson, K. K. Jarman, K. D. Mann, M. L. Pfund, D. M. Runkle, R. C. TI Discriminating nuclear threats from benign sources in gamma-ray spectra using a spectral comparison ratio method SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB This manuscript presents a method for categorizing gamma-ray spectra as indicative of benign or threat sources. Reported here is a method of spectral comparison ratios (SCR), which is useful in the targeted detection of specific gamma-ray signature classes. SCRs discriminate between benign and target sources by comparing counts in broad energy bins that are pre-determined using statistical discrimination criteria. The integral component of the SCR method is the location and interdependence of the energy bins, and this work discusses the statistical methods used for choosing their locations along with decision criteria that maximally separate targets from benign sources. C1 [Anderson, K. K.; Jarman, K. D.; Mann, M. L.; Pfund, D. M.; Runkle, R. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Anderson, KK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM robert.runkle@pnl.gov RI Jarman, Kenneth/B-6157-2011; OI Jarman, Kenneth/0000-0002-4396-9212; Anderson, Kevin/0000-0001-5613-5893 NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0622-x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900022 ER PT J AU Kouzes, RT Ely, JH AF Kouzes, R. T. Ely, J. H. TI The role of spectroscopy versus detection for border security SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RADIATION PORTAL MONITORS AB Countries around the world are deploying radiation portal monitor systems to interdict the illicit shipment of radioactive material crossing international borders. Because of their high efficiency for gamma-ray detection, most deployed systems are based on plastic scintillators and are non-spectroscopic in capability. Spectroscopic portal monitor systems are undergoing engineering development for near term deployment. The ability to identify the detected radionuclides may allow improved operational handling of radiation alarms, particularly those from the normal commerce of naturally occurring radioactive material. The goal for improved systems is to increase the sensitivity to threats while reducing the operational impact of nuisance alarms. C1 [Kouzes, R. T.; Ely, J. H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kouzes, RT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rkouzes@pnl.gov NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 719 EP 723 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0623-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900023 ER PT J AU Estep, RJ McCluskey, CW Sapp, BA AF Estep, R. J. McCluskey, C. W. Sapp, B. A. TI The multiple isotope material basis set (MIMBS) method for isotope identification with low-and medium-resolution gamma-ray detectors SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB In this report we describe the multiple isotope material basis set (MIMBS) method for isotope identification and show that it can overcome limitations of ordinary response function fitting and the single isotope material basis set method (SIMBS) when applied to ideal simulated NaI spectra, for an example attenuator and isotope library. Our simulations demonstrate that ordinary response function fitting has difficult identifying isotopes when attenuation is a factor, and that the SIMBS method can fail when multiple isotopes are present, so the more computationally intensive MIMBS method may be required for these situations. Its effectiveness in analyzing more realistic spectra remains to be demonstrated. C1 [Estep, R. J.; McCluskey, C. W.; Sapp, B. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Estep, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM restep@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 737 EP 741 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0626-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900026 ER PT J AU Ely, J Anderson, K Bates, D Kouzes, R Lo Presti, C Runkle, R Siciliano, E Weier, D AF Ely, J. Anderson, K. Bates, D. Kouzes, R. Lo Presti, C. Runkle, R. Siciliano, E. Weier, D. TI The use of energy information in plastic scintillator material SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Plastic scintillator material is often used for gamma-ray detection in many applications due to its relatively good sensitivity and cost-effectiveness compared to other detection materials. However, due to the dominant Compton scattering interaction mechanism, full energy peaks are not observed in plastic scintillator spectra and isotopic identification is impossible. Typically plastic scintillator detectors are solely gross count detectors. In some safeguards and security applications, such as radiation portal monitors for vehicle screening, naturally-occurring radioactive material (NORM) often triggers radiation alarms and results in innocent or nuisance alarms. The limited energy information from plastic scintillator material can be used to discriminate the NORM from targeted materials and reduce the nuisance alarm rate. An overview of the utilization of the energy information from plastic scintillator material will be presented, with emphasis on the detection capabilities and potential limitations for safeguards and security applications. C1 [Ely, J.; Anderson, K.; Bates, D.; Kouzes, R.; Lo Presti, C.; Runkle, R.; Siciliano, E.; Weier, D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ely, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI Anderson, Kevin/0000-0001-5613-5893 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 743 EP 748 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0627-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900027 ER PT J AU Ali, S Hau, ID Niedermayr, TR Friedrich, S AF Ali, S. Hau, I. D. Niedermayr, T. R. Friedrich, S. TI Ultrahigh energy resolution gamma-ray spectrometers for precision measurements of uranium enrichment SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Superconducting gamma-ray detectors offer an order of magnitude higher energy resolution than conventional high-purity germanium detectors. This can significantly increase the precision of non-destructive isotope analysis for nuclear samples where line overlap affects the errors of the measurement. We have developed gamma-detectors based on superconducting molybdenum-copper sensors and bulk tin absorbers for nuclear science and national security applications. They have, depending on design, an energy resolution between similar to 50 and similar to 150 eV FWHM at similar to 100 keV. Here, we apply this detector technology to the measurement of uranium isotope ratios, and discuss the trade-offs between energy resolution and quantum efficiency involved in detector design. C1 [Ali, S.; Hau, I. D.; Niedermayr, T. R.; Friedrich, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ali, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, 7000 E Ave,L-270, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ali2@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 749 EP 753 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0628-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900028 ER PT J AU Zhao, P Hu, Q Rose, TP Nimz, GJ Zavarin, M AF Zhao, P. Hu, Q. Rose, T. P. Nimz, G. J. Zavarin, M. TI Distribution of Tc-99 and I-129 in the vicinity of underground nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID; TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TECHNETIUM; SAMPLES; IODINE AB Tc-99 and I-129 are important contributors to risk assessment due to their long half-lives and high mobility as aqueous anionic species. We analyzed Tc-99 and I-129 in groundwater samples in and near 11 underground nuclear tests and in melt glass and rock samples retrieved from the Chancellor test cavity, Nevada Test Site. The I-129/I-127 ratio ranges from 10(-3) to 10(-6) in cavity water and 10(-4) to 10(-9) in satellite wells. The Tc-99 concentration ranges from 3 to 10(-4) Bq/l in cavity waters and from 0.3 to 10(-4) Bq/l in satellite wells. Downstream migration is apparent for both radionuclides. However, it is affected by both retardation and initial distribution. In-situ Tc-99 and I-129 K (d)s calculated using rubble and water concentrations are 3 to 22 ml/g and 0 to 0.12 ml/g, respectively, and are suggestive of mildly reducing conditions. I-129 distribution in the melt glass, rubble and groundwater of the Chancellor test cavity is 28%, 24% and 48%, respectively, for Tc-99, it is 65%, 35% and 0.3%, respectively. Our partitioning estimates differ from those of underground tests in French Polynesia, implying that fission product distribution may vary from test to test. Factors that may influence this distribution include geologic conditions (e.g., lithology, water and CO2 content) and the cooling history of the test cavity. C1 [Zhao, P.; Hu, Q.; Rose, T. P.; Nimz, G. J.; Zavarin, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zhao, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM zhao1@llnl.gov RI Hu, Qinhong/C-3096-2009 OI Hu, Qinhong/0000-0002-4782-319X NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 755 EP 761 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0629-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900029 ER PT J AU Dresel, PE Olsen, KB Hayes, JC McIntyre, JI Waichler, SR Kennedy, BM AF Dresel, P. E. Olsen, K. B. Hayes, J. C. McIntyre, J. I. Waichler, S. R. Kennedy, B. M. TI Environmental applications of stable xenon and radioxenon monitoring SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION AB Characterization of transuranic waste is needed for decisions about waste site remediation. Soil-gas sampling for xenon isotopes can be used to define the locations of spent fuel and transuranic waste. Radioxenon in the subsurface is characteristic of transuranic waste and can be measured with extreme sensitivity using large-volume soil-gas samples. Measurements at the Hanford Site showed Xe-133 and Xe-135 levels indicative of Pu-240 spontaneous fission. Stable xenon isotopic ratios from fission are distinct from atmospheric xenon background. Neutron capture by Xe-135 produces an excess of Xe-136 in reactor-produced xenon, providing a means of distinguishing spent fuel from separated transuranic material. C1 [Dresel, P. E.; Olsen, K. B.; Hayes, J. C.; McIntyre, J. I.; Waichler, S. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99353 USA. [Kennedy, B. M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dresel, PE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99353 USA. EM evan.dresel@pnl.gov RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014 OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0630-x PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900030 ER PT J AU Griffin, MA Landsberger, S Biegalski, S Cournoyer, ME AF Griffin, M. A. Landsberger, S. Biegalski, S. Cournoyer, M. E. TI Characterization of a plutonium beryllium source for use in neutron damage studies SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Standard lead loaded Hypalon gloves deteriorate at an accelerated pace in the glovebox environments of Los Alamos National Laboratory. In an effort to minimize glovebox breaches, a project was undertaken to characterize polymer damage due to various environments. For one such study, experimental techniques were used to facilitate the use of a neutron source in damage studies involving glovebox gloves. In order to identify the radiation field experienced by the polymer samples, a characterization of the neutron source in the experimental setup was needed. The plutoniumberyllium source used was chosen to mimic an average neutron flux in a typical LANL glovebox. However, it was surmised that a more exact experimental flux should be found rather then using merely numerical analysis. Subsequent to ascertaining the impending neutron flux, polyurethane gloves show superior properties when compared against standard leaded Hypalon gloves; however, polyurethane is shown to degrade faster following neutron irradiation. C1 [Griffin, M. A.; Landsberger, S.; Biegalski, S.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cournoyer, M. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Griffin, MA (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, R-9000, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM m_griffin@mail.utexas.edu RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 276 IS 3 BP 807 EP 811 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0636-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 316DK UT WOS:000256928900036 ER PT J AU Wallace, RM Armstrong, LR Pratt, RH Kammerer, JS Iademarco, MF AF Wallace, Ryan M. Armstrong, Lori R. Pratt, Robert H. Kammerer, J. Steve Iademarco, Michael F. TI Trends in tuberculosis reported from the Appalachian region: United States, 1993-2005 SO JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; RATES AB Context: Appalachia has been characterized by its poverty, a factor associated with tuberculosis, yet little is known about the disease in this region. Purpose: To determine whether Appalachian tuberculosis risk factors, trends, and rates differ from the rest of the United States. Methods: Analysis of tuberculosis cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS) within the 50 states and the District of Columbia from 1993 through 2005. Results: The 2005 rate of tuberculosis in rural Appalachia was 2.1/100,000, compared to 2.7/100,000 in urban Appalachia. Urban non-Appalachia had a 2005 tuberculosis rate of 5.4/100,000. Over the 13-year period, tuberculosis rates fell in Appalachia at an annual rate of 7.8%. In one age group (15- to 24-year-olds) the rates increased at an annual rate of 2.8%. Foreign-born Hispanics were the largest racial/ethnic group in this age group. When private providers gave exclusive care for tuberculosis disease, Appalachians were less likely to complete therapy in a timely manner when compared to non-Appalachians (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.7). Conclusions: Tuberculosis rates and trends are similar in urban and rural Appalachia. It is crucial for public health officials in Appalachia to address the escalating TB rate among 15- to 24-year-olds by focusing prevention efforts on the growing numbers of foreign-born cases. Due to the increased risk of treatment failure among Appalachians who do not seek care from the health department, public health authorities must ensure completion of treatment for patients who seek private providers. C1 [Wallace, Ryan M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Wallace, Ryan M.; Iademarco, Michael F.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Armstrong, Lori R.; Iademarco, Michael F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS STD & TB Prevent, Divis TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pratt, Robert H.; Kammerer, J. Steve] Northrop Grumman Informat Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wallace, RM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EUK5@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0890-765X J9 J RURAL HEALTH JI J. Rural Health PD SUM PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2008.00164.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 325DN UT WOS:000257568700003 PM 18643800 ER PT J AU Glatz, A Vinokur, VM Bergli, J Kirkengen, M Galperin, YM AF Glatz, Andreas Vinokur, Valerii M. Bergli, Joakim Kirkengen, Martin Galperin, Yuri M. TI The Coulomb gap and low energy statistics for Coulomb glasses SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE disordered systems ( theory); slow relaxation and glassy dynamics; energy landscapes ( theory) ID ELECTRON GLASS; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR AB We study the statistics of local energy minima in the configuration space of two-dimensional lattice Coulomb glasses with site disorder and the behavior of the Coulomb gap depending on the strength of random site energies. At intermediate disorder, i.e., when the typical strength of the disorder is of the same order as the nearest-neighbor Coulomb energy, the high energy tail of the distribution of the local minima is exponential. We furthermore analyze the structure of the local minima and show that most sites of the system have the same occupation numbers in all of these states. The density of states ( DOS) shows a transition from the crystalline state at zero disorder ( with a hard gap) to an intermediate, probably glassy state with a Coulomb gap. We analyze this Coulomb gap in some detail and show that the DOS deviates slightly from the traditional linear behavior in 2D. For finite systems these intermediate Coulomb gap states disappear for large disorder strengths and only a random localized state in which all electrons are in the minima of the random potential exists. C1 [Glatz, Andreas; Vinokur, Valerii M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bergli, Joakim; Kirkengen, Martin; Galperin, Yuri M.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Bergli, Joakim; Kirkengen, Martin; Galperin, Yuri M.] Univ Oslo, Ctr Adv Mat & Nanotechnol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Galperin, Yuri M.] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Glatz, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM glatz@anl.gov; vinokour@anl.gov; joakim.bergli@fys.uio.no; martin.kirkengen@fys.uio.no; iouri.galperine@fys.uio.no RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Bergli, Joakim/A-1707-2008 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PD JUN PY 2008 AR P06006 DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2008/06/P06006 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA 321XH UT WOS:000257339300007 ER PT J AU Parkinson, DY McDermott, G Etkin, LD Le Gros, MA Larabell, CA AF Parkinson, Dilworth Y. McDermott, Gerry Etkin, Laurence D. Le Gros, Mark A. Larabell, Carolyn A. TI Quantitative 3-D imaging of eukaryotic cells using soft X-ray tomography SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cellular imaging; microscopy; organelle characterization; Schizosaccharomyces pombe; soft X-ray tomography; segmentation; yeast ID ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES-POMBE; MITOCHONDRIAL DYNAMICS; FISSION YEAST; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; RECONSTRUCTION; MICROTUBULES; APOPTOSIS; DIVISION AB Imaging has long been one of the principal techniques used in biological and biomedical research. Indeed, the field of cell biology grew out of the first electron microscopy images of organelles in a cell. Since this landmark event, much work has been carried out to image and classify the organelles in eukaryotic cells using electron microscopy. Fluorescently labeled organelles can now be tracked in live cells, and recently, powerful light microscope techniques have pushed the limit of optical resolution to image single molecules. In this paper, we describe the use of soft X-ray tomography, a new tool for quantitative imaging of organelle structure and distribution in whole, fully hydrated eukaryotic Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells. In addition to imaging intact cells, soft X-ray tomography has the advantage of not requiring the use of any staining or fixation protocols-cells are simply transferred from their growth environment to a sample holder and immediately cryofixed. In this way the cells can be imaged in a near native state. Soft X-ray tomography is also capable of imaging relatively large numbers of cells in a short period of time, and is therefore a technique that has the potential to produce information on organelle morphology from statistically significant numbers of cells. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [McDermott, Gerry; Larabell, Carolyn A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Le Gros, Mark A.; Larabell, Carolyn A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Etkin, Laurence D.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Larabell, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Carolyn.Larabell@ucsf.edu RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015 OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR019664, P41 RR019664-03]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM063948, R01 GM070445-03, GM63948, R01 GM070445] NR 36 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 3 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 162 IS 3 BP 380 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2008.02.003 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 312QB UT WOS:000256684800003 PM 18387313 ER PT J AU Balooch, M Habelitz, S Kinney, JH Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW AF Balooch, M. Habelitz, S. Kinney, J. H. Marshall, S. J. Marshall, G. W. TI Mechanical properties of mineralized collagen fibrils as influenced by demineralization SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE collagen; mineral; atomic force microscopy; dentin; nanoindentation ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; HUMAN DENTIN; BONE; NANOINDENTATION; INDENTATION; TEETH; DEFORMATION; NANOSCALE; STIFFNESS; MODEL AB Dentin and bone derive their mechanical properties from a complex arrangement of collagen type-I fibrils reinforced with nanocrystalline apatite mineral in extra- and intrafibrillar compartments. While mechanical properties have been determined for the bulk of the mineralized tissue, information on the mechanics of the individual fibril is limited. Here, atomic force microscopy was used on individual collagen fibrils to Study structural and mechanical changes during acid etching. The characteristic 67 nm periodicity of gap zones was not observed on the mineralized fibril, but became apparent and increasingly pronounced with continuous demineralization. AFM-nanoindentation showed a decrease in modulus from 1.5 GPa to 50 MPa during acid etching of individual collagen fibrils and revealed that the modulus profile followed the axial periodicity. The nanomechanical data, Raman spectroscopy and SAXS support the hypothesis that intrafibrillar mineral etches at a substantially slower rate than the extrafibrillar mineral. These findings are relevant for understanding the biomechanics and design principles of calcified tissues derived from collagen matrices. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Balooch, M.; Habelitz, S.; Marshall, S. J.; Marshall, G. W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kinney, J. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Mech Engn, Livermore, CA USA. RP Marshall, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, 707 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM gw.marshall@ucsf.edu RI Self, Casey/B-6871-2011 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01 DE009859, P01 DE009859-150008, P01 DE09859, R01 DE016849, R01 DE016849-02, R01 DE16849] NR 34 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 7 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 162 IS 3 BP 404 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2008.02.010 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 312QB UT WOS:000256684800006 PM 18467127 ER PT J AU Cheng, MD Corporan, E DeWitt, MJ Spicer, CW Holdren, MW Cowen, KA Laskin, A Harris, DB Shores, RC Kagann, R Hashmonay, R AF Cheng, Meng-Dawn Corporan, Edwin DeWitt, Matthew J. Spicer, Chester W. Holdren, Michael W. Cowen, Kenneth A. Laskin, Alex Harris, David B. Shores, Richard C. Kagann, Robert Hashmonay, Ram TI Emissions of military cargo aircraft: Description of a joint field measurement strategic environmental research and development program SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; TURBINE-ENGINES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; LUNG INJURY; EXHAUST; MORTALITY; AEROSOLS AB To develop effective air quality control strategies for military air bases, there is a need to accurately quantify these emissions. In support of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program project, the particulate matter (PM) and gaseous emissions from two T56 engines on a parked C-130 aircraft were characterized at the Kentucky Air National Guard base in Louisville, KY. Conventional and research-grade instrumentation and methodology were used in the field campaign during the first week of October 2005. Particulate emissions were sampled at the engine exit plane and at 15 m downstream. In addition, remote sensing of the gaseous species was performed via spectroscopic techniques at 5 and 15 In downstream of the engine exit. It was found that PM mass and number concentrations measured at 15-m downstream locations, after dilution-correction generally agreed well with those measured at the engine exhaust plane; however, higher variations were observed in the far-field after natural dilution of the downstream measurements was accounted for. Using carbon dioxide-normalized data we demonstrated that gas species measurements by extractive and remote sensing techniques agreed reasonably well. C1 [Cheng, Meng-Dawn] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Corporan, Edwin] WPAFB Res Lab, Fuels Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [DeWitt, Matthew J.] UDRI, Dept Chem Engn, Dayton, OH USA. [Spicer, Chester W.; Holdren, Michael W.; Cowen, Kenneth A.] BSTI, Columbus, OH USA. [Laskin, Alex] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Pacific NW Div, Richmond, VA USA. [Harris, David B.; Shores, Richard C.] US EPA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kagann, Robert; Hashmonay, Ram] Arcadis Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chengmd@ornl.gov RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012; Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012; OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417; Cheng, Meng-Dawn/0000-0003-1407-9576 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 787 EP 796 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.6.787 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 310TY UT WOS:000256554500004 PM 18581808 ER PT J AU Bhalla, A Dogan, F Jia, QX Wong-Ng, W AF Bhalla, Amar Dogan, Fatih Jia, Quanxi Wong-Ng, Winnie TI Topical issue on perovskites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bhalla, Amar] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Jia, Quanxi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wong-Ng, Winnie] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Bhalla, A (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1747 EP 1747 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02521.x PG 1 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700002 ER PT J AU Woodward, PM Goldberger, J Stoltzfus, MW Eng, HW Ricciardo, RA Santhosh, PN Karen, P Moodenbaugh, AR AF Woodward, Patrick M. Goldberger, Joshua Stoltzfus, Matthew W. Eng, Hank W. Ricciardo, Rebecca A. Santhosh, Padmam N. Karen, Pavel Moodenbaugh, Arnold R. TI Electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of Sr2MnRuO6 and LaSrMnRuO6 double perovskites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; RU PEROVSKITES; PREDICTION; TRANSITION; SR2FEMOO6; BEHAVIOR; PHASE; FE; CA; SR AB The perovskites Sr2MnRuO6 and LaSrMnRuO6 have been investigated and their properties compared with those of the broader family of A(2)MRuO(6) double perovskites (A = Sr, La; M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni). Neutron powder diffraction shows that both phases lack long-range Mn/Ru order. Sr2MnRuO6 exhibits a cooperative Jahn-Teller distortion, conductivity that proceeds via variable-range hopping, and antiferromagnetic (AFM) order (C-type structure, T-N congruent to 200K, 2.05(1) mu(B) per transition metal). LaSrMnRuO6 exhibits nearly undistorted octahedra, conductivity that proceeds via diffusion-assisted small-polaron hopping, and ferromagnetic (FM) order (T-c congruent to 220K, 1.60(4) mu(B) transition metal). Band structure calculations show that AFM Mn-O-Ru coupling optimizes polarization of the Ru t(2g) orbitals, while FM coupling favors delocatization of the Ru t(2g) electrons. The transition from antiferromagnetism to ferromagnetism is linked to a loss of orbital order and stabilized over competing glassy states by delocatization of Ru t(2g) electrons. C1 [Woodward, Patrick M.; Goldberger, Joshua; Stoltzfus, Matthew W.; Eng, Hank W.; Ricciardo, Rebecca A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Santhosh, Padmam N.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [Karen, Pavel] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Moodenbaugh, Arnold R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Woodward, PM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, 120 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM woodward@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RI Karen, Pavel/A-9062-2008; Goldberger, Joshua/F-5484-2011; Goldberger, Joshua/N-8963-2016; OI Karen, Pavel/0000-0003-2937-6477; Goldberger, Joshua/0000-0003-4284-604X; Goldberger, Joshua/0000-0003-4284-604X; Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 33 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1796 EP 1806 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02412.x PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700009 ER PT J AU Sigman, J Brennecka, GL Clem, PG Tuttle, BA AF Sigman, Jennifer Brennecka, Geoffrey L. Clem, Paul G. Tuttle, Bruce A. TI Fabrication of perovskite-based high-value integrated capacitors by chemical solution deposition SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER CERAMIC CAPACITORS; ULTRATHIN-FILM CAPACITORS; BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; (BA,SR)TIO3 THIN-FILMS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; SRTIO3; BATIO3; MICROSTRUCTURE; ISSUES; LAYERS AB Projected trends for capacitors include increasing capacitance density and decreasing operating voltages, dielectric thickness and process cost. Advances in the fabrication and processing of barium strontium titanate (BST) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based thin films are presented toward attaining these goals in next-generation high-value integrated capacitors. Increasing capacitance density has been demonstrated through the use of large-area electrodes, multilayer structures, and decreased dielectric layer thickness. Capacitance values as high as 10 mu F were obtained in a single-layer, 10 cm(2) film, and layer thicknesses as small as 9 nm have been achieved using chemical solution deposition. Base metal integration results for BST and PZT films are discussed in terms of additional cost and volume reduction; such films have achieved capacitance densities as high as 1.5 mu F/cm(2) and electric fields of 25 V/mu m. C1 [Sigman, Jennifer; Brennecka, Geoffrey L.; Clem, Paul G.; Tuttle, Bruce A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sigman, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jsigman@sandia.gov RI Brennecka, Geoff/J-9367-2012 OI Brennecka, Geoff/0000-0002-4476-7655 NR 37 TC 35 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1851 EP 1857 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02390.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700016 ER PT J AU Jain, M Bauer, E Ronning, F Hundley, MF Civale, L Wang, H Malorov, B Burrell, AK McClesky, TM Foltyn, SR DePaula, RF Jia, QX AF Jain, Menka Bauer, Eve Ronning, Filip Hundley, Michael F. Civale, Leonardo Wang, Haiyan Malorov, Boris Burrell, Anthony K. McClesky, Thomas M. Foltyn, Stephen R. DePaula, Raymond F. Jia, Quanxi TI Mixed-valence perovskite thin films by polymer-assisted deposition SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID METAL-OXIDE FILMS; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT; STRAIN; FIELD; PR0.5CA0.5MNO3; LA0.67CA0.33MNO3 AB In thin films of rare-earth manganites, RE1-xMxMnO3 (RE =rare earth, M = Ca, Sr, Ba), with mixed-valence perovskite structure, the transport properties highly depend on the deposition technique, processing conditions, and the substrate used. Chemical solution deposition techniques provide many advantages, such as low cost, easy setup, and coating of large areas. However, the crystalline quality, uniformity, and reproducibility of the film depend on the reactivity of the chemical used for solution preparation. In this paper, we report a novel process to grow rare-earth manganite films using low-cost polymer-assisted deposition technique. In this process, polymer controls the viscosity and binds metal ions, resulting in a homogeneous distribution of metal precursors in the solution and a uniform film. These solutions were stable, and crack-free films were obtained using these solutions. In this paper, thin films of La1-xSrxMnO3, La1-xCaxMnO3, and Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 were grown on (001) LaAlO3 substrates. The La1-xSrxMnO3 and La1-xCaxMnO3 films were highly c-axis oriented and epitaxial, and showed high magnetoresistance near their Curie temperature. Charge ordering was observed in the Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 film at 220 K and high magnetoresistance of nearly -100% was obtained at low temperatures. The structural, transport, and magnetic properties of these films were similar to those obtained for films grown by physical vapor deposition. C1 [Jain, Menka; Bauer, Eve; Ronning, Filip; Hundley, Michael F.; Civale, Leonardo; Malorov, Boris; Burrell, Anthony K.; McClesky, Thomas M.; Foltyn, Stephen R.; DePaula, Raymond F.; Jia, Quanxi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, Haiyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Jain, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mjain@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436; Ronning, Filip/0000-0002-2679-7957; Jain, Menka/0000-0002-2264-6895; Civale, Leonardo/0000-0003-0806-3113; Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 29 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1858 EP 1863 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02396.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700017 ER PT J AU Feldmann, DM Holesinger, TG Feenstra, R Larbalestier, DC AF Feldmann, D. Matthew Holesinger, Terry G. Feenstra, Ron Larbalestier, David C. TI A review of the influence of grain boundary geometry on the electromagnetic properties of polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7-x films SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; THIN-FILMS; COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; YBCO FILMS; METALORGANIC DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES AB Shortly after the discovery of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) materials in the late 1980s, it was revealed that grain boundaries in these complex oxides are strong barriers to current flow. This fact has remained one of the most significant challenges to a viable HTS conductor, and necessitated the development of technologies capable of producing biaxially textured substrates in long lengths. Multiple studies have reported that the critical current density (J(c)) across grain boundaries in the perovskite-like superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x, (YBCO) falls off exponentially below the intragrain J(c) beyond a critical misorientation angle theta(c) of only approximate to 2 degrees-3 degrees. Here we review our recent work demonstrating that certain grain boundary geometries permit significant enhancements of J(c) well beyond the conventional J(c)(theta) limit, and also that the grain boundary structure in YBCO films is tied closely to the films' deposition technique. Pulsed laser deposition, a physical vapor deposition technique, results in a columnar grain structure and planar grain boundaries that exhibit the typical J(c)(theta) dependence. Ex situ growth processes, where the YBCO film is converted from a previously deposited precursor, can result in laminar grain growth with highly meandered grain boundaries. These latter grain boundary structures are directly correlated to greatly improved J(c) values over a wide range of applied magnetic fields. Consequently, very high J(c) values are possible in polycrystalline HTS wire even when significant misorientations between grains are present. C1 [Feldmann, D. Matthew; Holesinger, Terry G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Feenstra, Ron] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Larbalestier, David C.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Feldmann, DM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dmfeldmann@lanl.gov RI Larbalestier, David/B-2277-2008 OI Larbalestier, David/0000-0001-7098-7208 NR 67 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1869 EP 1882 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02273.x PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700019 ER PT J AU Kruzic, JJ Satet, RL Hoffmann, MJ Cannon, RM Ritchie, RO AF Kruzic, J. J. Satet, R. L. Hoffmann, M. J. Cannon, R. M. Ritchie, R. O. TI The utility of R-curves for understanding fracture toughness-strength relations in bridging ceramics SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRACK-RESISTANCE CURVES; TOUGHENED SILICON-CARBIDE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYCRYSTALLINE ALUMINA; OXYNITRIDE GLASSES; MONOLITHIC ALUMINA; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; FLEXURAL STRENGTH; BRITTLE MATERIALS; CYCLIC FATIGUE AB The mechanical behavior of four rare earth (RE)-Mg-doped Si3N4 ceramics (RE = La, Lu, Y, Yb) with varying grain-boundary adhesion has been examined with emphasis on materials containing La and Lu (which represent the extremes of RE ionic radius). Fracture-resistance curves (R-curves) for all ceramics rose very steeply initially, giving them exceptional strength and relative insensitivity to flaw size. The highest strength was seen in the Lu-doped material, which may be explained by its steeper initial R-curve; the highest "apparent" toughness (for fracture from millimeter-scale micronotches) was seen in the lowest strength La-doped material, which may be explained by its slowly rising R-curve at longer crack lengths. Excellent agreement was found between the predicted strengths from R-curves and the actual strengths for failures originating from natural flaws, a result attributed to careful estimation of the early part of the R-curve by deducing the intrinsic toughness, K-0, and the fact that this portion of the R-curve is relatively insensitive to sample geometry. Finally, it was found that RE elements with relatively large ionic radius (e.g., La) tended to result in lower grain-boundary adhesion. This implies that there is a small window of optimal grain-boundary adhesion which can lead to the fastest rising R-curves (for short cracks) and the highest strengths. The importance of this work is that it reinforces the notion that factors which contribute to the early part of the R-curve are critical for the design of ceramic microstructures with both high strength and high toughness. C1 [Kruzic, J. J.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Satet, R. L.; Hoffmann, M. J.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Ceram Mech Engn, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Cannon, R. M.; Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kruzic, JJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jamie.kruzic@oregonstate.edu RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; Kruzic, Jamie/M-3558-2014 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; Kruzic, Jamie/0000-0002-9695-1921 NR 61 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 23 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1986 EP 1994 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02380.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700037 ER PT J AU Shyam, A Lara-Curzio, E Watkins, TR Parten, RJ AF Shyam, Amit Lara-Curzio, Edgar Watkins, Thomas R. Parten, Randy J. TI Mechanical characterization of diesel particulate filter substrates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY SEP 17, 2007 CL Detroit, MI SP Amer Ceram Soc ID SLOW CRACK-GROWTH; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CORDIERITE CERAMICS; POROUS CERAMICS; SOLIDS; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR AB Test procedures for the mechanical evaluation of diesel particulate filter (DPF) substrate materials have been developed and applied for the characterization of porous cordierite under ambient conditions. Specifically the double-torsion test method was employed to characterize fracture toughness and slow crack behavior while resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) was used to determine the elastic properties of the substrate walls. A dry grinding procedure was developed to fabricate test specimens for these tests. The fracture behavior of porous cordierite was related to the pore structure inside the filter wall. Implications of the test results on the mechanical reliability of DPFs are discussed. C1 [Shyam, Amit; Lara-Curzio, Edgar; Watkins, Thomas R.; Parten, Randy J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shyam, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shyama@ornl.gov RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016; OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329; Shyam, Amit/0000-0002-6722-4709 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1995 EP 2001 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02381.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 308SQ UT WOS:000256410700038 ER PT J AU Higdon, D Gattiker, J Williams, B Rightley, M AF Higdon, Dave Gattiker, James Williams, Brian Rightley, Maria TI Computer model calibration using high-dimensional output SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE computer experiments; functional data analysis; Gaussian process; prediction; predictive science; uncertainty quantification ID LATIN HYPERCUBES; PREDICTION AB This work focuses on combining observations from field experiments with detailed computer simulations of a physical process to carry out statistical inference. Of particular interest here is determining uncertainty in resulting predictions. This typically involves calibration of parameters in the computer simulator as well as accounting for inadequate physics in the simulator. The problem is complicated by the fact that simulation code is sufficiently demanding that only a limited number of simulations can be carried out. We consider applications in characterizing material properties for which the field data and the simulator output are highly multivariate. For example, the experimental data and simulation output may be an image or may describe the shape of a physical object. We make use of the basic framework of Kennedy and O'Hagan. However, the size and multivariate nature of the data lead to computational challenges in implementing the framework. To overcome these challenges, we make use of basis representations (e.g., principal components) to reduce the dimensionality of the problem and speed up the computations required for exploring the posterior distribution. This methodology is applied to applications, both ongoing and historical, at Los Alamos National Laboratory. C1 [Higdon, Dave; Gattiker, James; Williams, Brian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Higdon, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dhigdon@lanl.gov; gatt@lanl.gov; brianw@lanl.gov OI Williams, Brian/0000-0002-3465-4972 NR 27 TC 197 Z9 198 U1 7 U2 35 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 103 IS 482 BP 570 EP 583 DI 10.1198/016214507000000888 PG 14 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 329VA UT WOS:000257897500015 ER PT J AU Lee, HKH Sanso, B Zhou, WN Higdon, DM AF Lee, Herbert K. H. Sanso, Bruno Zhou, Weining Higdon, David M. TI Inference for a proton accelerator using convolution models SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Bayesian statistics; computer simulator; density estimation; inverse problem ID BEAM DYNAMICS; MIXTURE; FIELD AB Proton beams present difficulties in analysis because of the limited data that can be collected. The study of such beams must depend on complex computer simulators that incorporate detailed physical equations. The statistical problem of interest is to infer the initial state of the beam from the limited data collected as the beam passes through a series of focusing magnets. We are thus faced with a classic inverse problem where the computer simulator links the initial state to the observables. We propose a new model for the initial distribution that is derived from the discretized process convolution approach. This model provides a computationally tractable method for this highly challenging problem. Taking a Bayesian perspective allows better estimation of the uncertainty and propagation of this uncertainty. C1 [Lee, Herbert K. H.; Sanso, Bruno] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Zhou, Weining] Yahoo, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Higdon, David M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lee, HKH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM herbie@ams.ucsc.edu; bruno@ams.ucsc.edu; zhouwn@yahoo-inc.com; dhigdon@lanl.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 103 IS 482 BP 604 EP 613 DI 10.1198/016214507000000833 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 329VA UT WOS:000257897500018 ER PT J AU Foulk, JW Johnson, GC Klein, PA Ritchie, RO AF Foulk, J. W., III Johnson, G. C. Klein, P. A. Ritchie, R. O. TI On the toughening of brittle materials by grain bridging: Promoting intergranular fracture through grain angle, strength, and toughness SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE fracture mechanisms; fracture toughness; ceramics; finite elements; crack bridging ID CRACK-GROWTH; SILICON-CARBIDE; CYCLIC FATIGUE; RESISTANCE; CERAMICS; INTERFACE; ALUMINA; ALLOY; MODEL; DEFLECTION AB The structural reliability of many brittle materials such as structural ceramics relies on the occurrence of intergranular, as opposed to transgranular, fracture in order to induce toughening by grain bridging. For a constant grain boundary strength and grain boundary toughness, the current work examines the role of grain strength, grain toughness, and grain angle in promoting intergranular fracture in order to maintain such toughening. Previous studies have illustrated that an intergranular path and the consequent grain bridging process can be partitioned into five distinct regimes, namely: propagate, kink, arrest, stall, and bridge. To determine the validity of the assumed intergranular path, the classical penetration/deflection problem of a crack impinging on an interface is re-examined within a cohesive zone framework for intergranular and transgranular fracture. Results considering both modes of propagation, i.e., a transgranular and intergranular path, reveal that crack-tip shielding is a natural outcome of the cohesive zone approach to fracture. Cohesive zone growth in one mode shields the opposing mode from the stresses required for cohesive zone initiation. Although stable propagation occurs when the required driving force is equivalent to the toughness for either transgranular or intergranular fracture, the mode of propagation depends on the normalized grain strength, normalized grain toughness, and grain angle. For each grain angle, the intersection of single path and multiple path solutions demarcates "strong" grains that increase the macroscopic toughness and "weak" grains that decrease it. The unstable transition to intergranular fracture reveals that an increasing grain toughness requires a growing region of the transgranular cohesive zone be near the cohesive strength. The inability of the body to provide the requisite stress field yields an overdriven and unstable configuration. The current results provide restrictions for the achievement of substantial toughening through intergranular fracture. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ritchie, R. O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Klein, P. A.] Franklin Templeton Investments, San Mateo, CA 94403 USA. [Johnson, G. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Foulk, J. W., III] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM roritchie@lbl.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD JUN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 2381 EP 2400 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2007.12.006 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 306WK UT WOS:000256278400015 ER PT J AU Maloney, KO Feminella, JW Mitchell, RM Miller, SA Mulholland, PJ Houser, JN AF Maloney, Kelly O. Feminella, Jack W. Mitchell, Richard M. Miller, Stephanie A. Mulholland, Patrick J. Houser, Jeffrey N. TI Landuse legacies and small streams: identifying relationships between historical land use and contemporary stream conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE disturbance; water chemistry; coarse woody debris (CWD); particulate organic matter (POM); macroinvertebrates; fish; diatoms; metabolism ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; CATCHMENT DISTURBANCE; HEADWATER STREAMS; UNITED-STATES; SEDIMENT; FOREST; METABOLISM; ECOSYSTEMS; SOIL; RESPIRATION AB The concept of landscape legacies has been examined extensively in terrestrial ecosystems and has led to a greater understanding of contemporary ecosystem processes. However, although stream ecosystems are tightly coupled with their catchments and, thus, probably are affected strongly by historical catchment conditions, few studies have directly examined the importance of landuse legacies on streams. We examined relationships between historical land use (1944) and contemporary (2000-2003) stream physical, chemical, and biological conditions after accounting for the influences of contemporary land use (1999) and natural landscape (catchment size) variation in 12 small streams at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA. Most stream variables showed strong relationships with contemporary land use and catchment size; however, after accounting for these factors, residual variation in many variables remained significantly related to historical land use. Residual variation in benthic particulate organic matter, diatom density, % of diatoms in Eunotia spp., fish density in runs, and whole-stream gross primary productivity correlated negatively, whereas streamwater pH correlated positively, with residual variation in fraction of disturbed land in catchments in 1944 (i.e., bare ground and unpaved road cover). Residual variation in % recovering land (i.e., early successional vegetation) in 1944 was correlated positively with residual variation in streambed instability, a macroinvertebrate biotic index, and fish richness, but correlated negatively with residual variation in most benthic macroinvertebrate metrics examined (e.g., Chironomidae and total richness, Shannon diversity). In contrast, residual variation in whole-stream respiration rates was not explained by historical land use. Our results suggest that historical land use continues to influence important physical and chemical variables in these streams, and in turn, probably influences associated biota. Beyond providing insight into biotic interactions and their associations with environmental conditions, identification of landuse legacies also will improve understanding of stream impairment in contemporary minimally disturbed catchments, enabling more accurate assessment of reference conditions in studies of biotic integrity and restoration. C1 [Maloney, Kelly O.; Feminella, Jack W.; Mitchell, Richard M.; Miller, Stephanie A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.; Houser, Jeffrey N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Maloney, KO (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM maloneyk@si.edu; feminjw@auburn.edu; mitchrm@auburn.edu; mill1571@msu.edu; mulhollandpj@ornl.gov; jhouser@usgs.gov RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; OI Houser, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3295-3132 NR 67 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 42 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 280 EP 294 DI 10.1899/07-070.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 305KV UT WOS:000256178200005 ER PT J AU Kiyanagi, R Kimura, H Watanabe, M Noda, Y Mochida, T Sugawara, T AF Kiyanagi, Ryoji Kimura, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Masashi Noda, Yukio Mochida, Tomoyuki Sugawara, Tadashi TI Indication of tunneling state of hydrogen atom in hydrogen-bonded material 5-bromo-9-hydroxyphenalenon studied by X-ray and neutron diffractions SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE isolated hydrogen-bonded system; structural analysis; neutron diffraction; X-ray diffraction ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; D-BRHPLN; MEHPLN; PROTON; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS AB The dielectric material with an isolated hydrogen-bond, 5-bromo-9-hydroxyphenalenon, was studied by means of neutron and X-ray diffractions in the temperature range between 300 and 10K. Analyses on nuclear and electron density distributions revealed a discrepancy between the two distributions of the hydrogen atom in the hydrogen-bond region, leading to a local electronic dipole moment. Both a least-square structure analysis and the density distribution analysis by the maximum entropy method confirmed that the hydrogen atom occupies two equivalent sites near the center of the hydrogen-bond through the whole temperature range, even at the lowest temperature measured, 10K. This feature, together with previous results on calorimetric, incoherent neutron scattering and far-infrared spectrum measurements, concludes that the hydrogen atom in the hydrogen-bond is in a tunneling state over the two sites. Consequently, 5-bromo-9-hydroxyphenalenon was experimentally identified as a quantum paraelectric material. C1 [Kiyanagi, Ryoji; Kimura, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Masashi; Noda, Yukio] Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Mochida, Tomoyuki] Kobe Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Sugawara, Tadashi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Basic Sci, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. RP Kiyanagi, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rkiyanagi@anl.gov RI Mochida, Tomoyuki/F-8555-2012; OI Mochida, Tomoyuki/0000-0002-3446-2145; Watanabe, Masashi/0000-0002-8004-3208 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064602 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.77.064602 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 315QF UT WOS:000256893800018 ER PT J AU Yan, XD Radwan, E Zhang, F Parker, JC AF Yan, Xuedong Radwan, Essam Zhang, Fan Parker, Jack C. TI Evaluation of dynamic passing sight distance problem using a finite-element model SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Sufficient passing sight distance is an important control for two-lane rural highway design to minimize the possibility of a head-on collision between passing and opposing vehicles. Traditionally, passing zones are marked by checking passing sight distance that is potentially restricted by static sight obstructions. Such obstructions include crest curves, overpasses, and lateral objects along highways. This paper proposes a new concept of dynamic sight-distance assessment, which involves restricted passing sight distances due to the impeding vehicles that are traveling in the same direction. Using a finite-element model, the dynamic passing sight-distance problem was evaluated, and the writers analyzed the relationships between the available passing sight distance and other factors such as the horizontal curve radius, impeding vehicle dimensions, and a driver's following distance. It was found that the impeding vehicles may cause substantially insufficient passing sight distances, which may lead to potential traffic safety problems. It is worthwhile to expand on this safety issue and consider the dynamic passing sight distance in highway design. C1 [Radwan, Essam] Univ Cent Florida, Ctr Adv Transportat Syst Simulat, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yan, Xuedong] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Transportat Res, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhang, Fan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Radwan, E (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Ctr Adv Transportat Syst Simulat, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM yxd22222@yahoo.com; aeradwan@mail.ucf.edu; zhang@ornl.gov; jparker@utk.edu RI Yan, Xuedong/A-5126-2009; Radwan, Essam/E-2020-2017 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 2008 VL 134 IS 6 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2008)134:6(225) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 303YF UT WOS:000256076500001 ER PT J AU Allison, TC Miller, AK Inman, DJ AF Allison, Timothy C. Miller, A. Keith Inman, Daniel J. TI A deconvolution-based approach to structural dynamics system identification and response prediction SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE proper orthogonal decomposition; deconvolution; system identification; linear; time-varying systems; nonlinear dynamics ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; MECHANICAL SYSTEMS; REDUCTION; SERIES; MODES AB Two general linear time-varying system identification methods for multiple-input multiple-output systems are proposed based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The method applies the POD to express response data for linear or nonlinear systems as a modal sum of proper orthogonal modes and proper orthogonal coordinates (POCs). Drawing upon mode summation theory, an analytical expression for the POCs is developed, and two deconvolution-based methods are devised for modifying them to predict the response of the system to new loads. The first method accomplishes the identification with a single-load-response data set, but its applicability is limited to lightly damped systems with a mass matrix proportional to the identity matrix. The second method uses multiple-load-response data sets to overcome these limitations. The methods are applied to construct predictive models for linear and nonlinear beam examples without using prior knowledge of a system model. The method is also applied to a linear experiment to demonstrate a potential experimental setup and the method's feasibility in the presence of noise. The results demonstrate that while the first method only requires a single set of load-response data, it is less accurate than the multiple-load method for most systems. Although the methods are able to reconstruct the original data sets accurately even for nonlinear systems, the results also demonstrate that a linear time-varying method cannot predict nonlinear phenomena that are not present in the original signals. C1 [Allison, Timothy C.; Inman, Daniel J.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Miller, A. Keith] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Allison, TC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, 310 Durham Hall,Mail Code 0261, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM talliso@vt.edu NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 2008 VL 130 IS 3 AR 031010 DI 10.1115/1.2890387 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 303RT UT WOS:000256059300010 ER PT J AU Pelton, M Aizpurua, J Bryant, G AF Pelton, Matthew Aizpurua, Javier Bryant, Garnett TI Metal-nanoparticle plasmonics SO LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE metal nanoparticles; nano-optics; optical properties; plasmonics; nonlinear optics ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; SINGLE GOLD NANOPARTICLES; UNIFORM SILVER NANOWIRES; WET CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ASPECT-RATIO; SURFACE-PLASMONS; PARTICLE-SIZE; COLLOIDAL GOLD AB The rapid emergence of nanoplasmonics as a novel technology has been driven by recent progress in the fabrication, characterization, and understanding of metal-nanoparticle systems. In this review, we highlight some of the key advances in each of these areas. We emphasize the basic physical understanding and experimental techniques that will enable a new generation of applications in nano-optics. C1 [Bryant, Garnett] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Bryant, Garnett] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Pelton, Matthew] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Aizpurua, Javier] Donostia Int Phys Ctr, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Aizpurua, Javier] CSIC UPV EHU, Ctr Mixto Fis Mat, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. RP Bryant, G (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, 100 Bur Dr MS 8423, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM garnett.bryant@nist.gov RI CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Pelton, Matthew/H-7482-2013; Aizpurua, Javier/E-6889-2014; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014 OI Pelton, Matthew/0000-0002-6370-8765; Aizpurua, Javier/0000-0002-1444-7589; NR 191 TC 356 Z9 359 U1 33 U2 338 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1863-8880 EI 1863-8899 J9 LASER PHOTONICS REV JI Laser Photon. Rev. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 136 EP 159 DI 10.1002/lpor.200810003 PG 24 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA 328FK UT WOS:000257783600003 ER PT J AU Efimov, A AF Efimov, A. TI Fundamental nonlinear-optical interactions in photonic fibers: Time-spectral visualization SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID HIGHER-ORDER DISPERSION; SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; CRYSTAL FIBERS; CONTINUUM GENERATION; MICROSTRUCTURED FIBERS; HARMONIC-GENERATION; WIDE-BAND; MU-M; PULSE; SOLITONS AB The nonlinear dynamics of optical signals propagating in fibers or waveguides can be quite complex. Many nonlinear regimes manifest themselves in spectral transformations observed at the output of the fiber. Such time-integrated measurements are severely limiting, however, and, thus, a number of time spectrally resolved techniques have been developed in the past. One of the simplest and most versatile appears to be the cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating (X-FROG), because it offers high sensitivity, broad bandwidth, and produces very intuitive two-dimensional spectrograms showing relative temporal positions of various frequency components comprising the output signal. Indeed, certain experiments described in this article can only be performed with X-FROG. For others, X-FROG offers better insight into the fundamental physics of nonlinear interactions; yet others yield beautiful and visually stunning images. Some of the fundamental non-linear-optical interactions in waveguides, such as soliton formation and propagation, soliton stabilization and the emission of Cherenkov continuum, resonant scattering of continuous waves on solitons, and the supercontinuum generation have been visualized with X-FROG and are summarized in this article. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MPA CINT, MSK771, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Efimov, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MPA CINT, MSK771, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM efimov@lanl.gov OI Efimov, Anatoly/0000-0002-5559-4147 NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 6 BP 667 EP 681 DI 10.1134/S1054660X08060017 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 312WL UT WOS:000256703000001 ER PT J AU Chesler, EJ Miller, DR Branstetter, LR Galloway, LD Jackson, BL Philip, VM Voy, BH Culiat, CT Threadgill, DW Williams, RW Churchill, GA Johnson, DK Manly, KF AF Chesler, Elissa J. Miller, Darla R. Branstetter, Lisa R. Galloway, Leslie D. Jackson, Barbara L. Philip, Vivek M. Voy, Brynn H. Culiat, Cymbeline T. Threadgill, David W. Williams, Robert W. Churchill, Gary A. Johnson, Dabney K. Manly, Kenneth F. TI The Collaborative Cross at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: developing a powerful resource for systems genetics SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; INBRED STRAINS; COMPLEX TRAITS; MICE; SCALE; MOUSE AB Complex traits and disease comorbidity in humans and in model organisms are the result of naturally occurring polymorphisms that interact with each other and with the environment. To ensure the availability of resources needed to investigate biomolecular networks and systems-level phenotypes underlying complex traits, we have initiated breeding of a new genetic reference population of mice, the Collaborative Cross. This population has been designed to optimally support systems genetics analysis. Its novel and important features include a high level of genetic diversity, a large population size to ensure sufficient power in high-dimensional studies, and high mapping precision through accumulation of independent recombination events. Implementation of the Collaborative Cross has been ongoing at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since May 2005. Production has been systematically managed using a software-assisted breeding program with fully traceable lineages, performed in a controlled environment. Currently, there are 650 lines in production, and close to 200 lines are now beyond their seventh generation of inbreeding. Retired breeders enter a high-throughput phenotyping protocol and DNA samples are banked for analyses of recombination history, allele drift and loss, and population structure. Herein we present a progress report of the Collaborative Cross breeding program at ORNL and a description of the kinds of investigations that this resource will support. C1 [Chesler, Elissa J.; Miller, Darla R.; Branstetter, Lisa R.; Galloway, Leslie D.; Jackson, Barbara L.; Voy, Brynn H.; Culiat, Cymbeline T.; Johnson, Dabney K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Syst Genet Grp, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Philip, Vivek M.] Univ Tennessee, Genome Sci & Technol Program, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Threadgill, David W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Williams, Robert W.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Churchill, Gary A.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Manly, Kenneth F.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biostat, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Chesler, EJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Syst Genet Grp, Biosci Div, Bldg 1059 MS-6420,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cheslerej@ornl.gov RI Threadgill, David/N-4425-2013; OI Threadgill, David/0000-0003-3538-1635; Philip, Vivek/0000-0001-5126-707X; Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447 FU The Ellison Medical Foundation; National Institutes of Health [U01CA134240, 5U01MH061971]; UTHSC; [P41 HG001656]; [U01 CA105417]; [P20 DA021131] FX The Collaborative Cross at ORNL is supported by grants from The Ellison Medical Foundation, the Department of Energy (Field Work Proposal ERKP804 "Mouse Genetics and Mutatgenesis for Functional Genomics''), and the National Institutes of Health (U01CA134240). CCWorks development was supported by P41 HG001656, U01 CA105417, P20 DA021131, and the Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics at UTHSC. The MouseTrack System was originally developed with support from the National Institutes of Health (5U01MH061971). The authors gratefully acknowledge the superb technical efforts of the ORNL staff, including Sarah Shinpock, Lori Easter, Ginger Shaw, Carmen Foster, Jason Spence, Melissa Beckmann, K. T. Cain, and Patricia R. Hunsicker, all at the ORNL, without whose diligence this project would not be possible. NR 10 TC 132 Z9 134 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 6 BP 382 EP 389 DI 10.1007/s00335-008-9135-8 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 352RJ UT WOS:000259514800002 PM 18716833 ER PT J AU Hamilton, T Seagars, D Jokela, T Layton, D AF Hamilton, Terry Seagars, Dana Jokela, Terry Layton, David TI Cs-137 and Po-210 in Pacific walrus and bearded seal from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Cs-137; Po-210; Bering sea; bearded seal; Pacific walrus; concentration factors ID ERIGNATHUS-BARBATUS; TRACE-METALS; ASSOCIATIONS; DIET AB The activity concentration of Cesium-137 (Cs-137) and naturally-occurring Polonium-210 (Po-210) were measured in the muscle tissue, kidney and liver of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) collected by native hunters from the Bering Sea during May 1996. The mean Cs-137 concentrations in muscle, liver and kidney of Pacific walrus were 0.07, 0.09 and 0.07 Bq kg(-1) (n = 5, wet weight), respectively, and 0.17, 0.10, and 0.17 Bq kg(-1) (n = 2, wet weight), respectively, in bearded seal. In general, Cs-137 tissue concentrations are significantly lower than those previously reported for mammals from other regions. By comparison, Po-210 activity concentrations are more variable and appear to be higher level compared with mammal data from other regions. The mean Po-210 concentration in the muscle tissue, liver and kidney of Pacific walrus (n = 5, wet weight) were 28.7, 189, and 174 Bq kg(-1), respectively. This compares with Po-210 concentration values (n = 2, wet weight) of 27, 207 and 68 Bq kg(-1) measured in the muscle tissue, liver and kidney, of bearded seal, respectively. Estimated concentration factors-as defined by the radionuclide concentration ratio between the target tissue to that in sea water-were two to three orders of magnitude higher for Po-210 that those of Cs-137. We conclude from radiological dose estimates that ingestion of Cs-137 in foods derived from walrus and seal will pose no threat to human health. This work has important implications for assessment of risks of Alaskan coastal communities concerned about the dumping of nuclear waste in the Russia Arctic. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hamilton, Terry; Jokela, Terry; Layton, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Seagars, Dana] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management Field Off, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Hamilton, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hamilton18@llnl.gov NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 1158 EP 1167 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.02.024 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 322LU UT WOS:000257377400026 PM 18371988 ER PT J AU Harimkar, SP Dahotre, NB AF Harimkar, Sandip P. Dahotre, Narendra B. TI Characterization of microstructure in laser surface modified alumina ceramic SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article DE alumina; laser surface modification; microstructure; texture; fractal dimension ID GRINDING WHEEL MATERIAL; FRACTAL GEOMETRY; MORPHOLOGY; COATINGS; PREDICTION AB Surfaces of alumina ceramic compacts were modified by irradiating with a high-power continuous wave laser to form a rapidly solidified continuous surface layer. A detailed characterization of the laser surface modified alumina using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a development of (110) crystallographic texture and a systematic evolution of surface microstructure in terms of surface grain size, porosity and roughness with laser processing fluence. Also, due to complexity of surface microstructures, a fractal based approach is suggested to completely describe the surface state of laser surface modified alumina. The results indicated that fractal dimensions of the surface microstructures can be effectively correlated with the surface features of laser surface modified alumina. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Harimkar, Sandip P.; Dahotre, Narendra B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dahotre, Narendra B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dahotre, NB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ndahotre@utk.edu NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 59 IS 6 BP 700 EP 707 DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2007.06.002 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 294TW UT WOS:000255429900007 ER PT J AU Ma, Z Dai, S AF Ma, Z. Dai, S. TI Materials design of advanced performance metal catalysts SO MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE materials; nanoparticles; metal; core-shell; encapsulation; immobilisation; modification; catalysis ID TEMPERATURE CO OXIDATION; MESOPOROUS SILICA MATERIALS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; SUPPORTED AU; THERMAL-STABILITY; ATOM IMPREGNATION; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; POROUS SILICA; NI CATALYSTS AB The contribution of materials design to the fabrication of advanced metal catalysts is highlighted, with particular emphasis on the construction of relatively complex contact structures surrounding metal nanoparticles. Novel advanced metal catalysts can be synthesised via encapsulation of metal nanoparticles into oxide shells, immobilisation of metal oxide core-shell structures on solid supports, post-modification of supported metal nanoparticles by surface coating, and premodification of supports before loading metal nanoparticles. Examples on how these materials structures lead to enhanced catalytic performance are illustrated, and a few future prospects are presented. C1 [Ma, Z.; Dai, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Ma, Zhen/F-1348-2010; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Ma, Zhen/0000-0002-2391-4943; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy; US DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; ORNL Research Associates Programme; Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX This review work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US DOE under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This review work was supported in Part by the appointment for Z. Ma to the ORNL Research Associates Programme administered jointly by ORNL and the Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1066-7857 EI 1753-5557 J9 MATER TECHNOL JI Mater. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 81 EP 87 DI 10.1179/175355508X310106 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 352YY UT WOS:000259534500003 ER PT J AU Brown, SS Rondinone, AJ Pawel, MD Dai, S AF Brown, S. S. Rondinone, A. J. Pawel, M. D. Dai, S. TI Ternary cadmium sulphide selenide quantum dots as new scintillation materials SO MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ternary quantum dots; alloyed quantum dots; semiconductor nanocrystals; nanocrystal scintillator ID HIGH-QUALITY CDS; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE; LUMINESCENCE; CLUSTERS; METAL; TE; SE AB Monodisperse, highly luminescent, zinc blende, cadmium sulphide selenide (CdSxSe1-x, x=mole fraction of sulphur) quantum dots (QDs) were prepared in gram scales in the particle size range 2.6-4.3 nm. With the varying S and Se contents, emission wavelengths of CdSxSe1-x QDs were tuned from 439 to 581 nm (lambda(exc.) = 370 nm). QDs were well dispersed in organic solvents and optically transparent plastic scintillators made with up to 10 wt-%QDs in polyvinyltoluene (PVT) were prepared. The result from alpha particle detection indicated the wavelengths match with the sensitivity of the photomultiplier tube. Pulse height peaks of CdSxSe1-x with the wavelength of emission from 439 to 482 nm, appeared around 0.35 (channel no./amplifier gain), with different photon counts. No pulse height peak was observed with QDs that emitted at 505 nm or longer wavelengths. Under studied conditions, CdS0.95Se0.05 was found to be the most efficient scintillator. C1 [Brown, S. S.; Rondinone, A. J.; Pawel, M. D.; Dai, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Pawel, Michelle/Q-2729-2015; Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Pawel, Michelle/0000-0003-0244-6703; Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Department of Energy [DE-AC050-00OR22725]; Department of Energy NA-22; ORNL Research Associate Program; ORNL; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed for the Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC050-00OR22725 by UT-Battelle, LLC. Funding for this work is through the support of the Department of Energy NA-22. This research was supported in part by the appointments for S. S. Brown to the ORNL Research Associate Program, administered jointly by ORNL and Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1066-7857 J9 MATER TECHNOL JI Mater. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1179/175355508X310124 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 352YY UT WOS:000259534500005 ER PT J AU Jung, E Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V Babbs, C AF Jung, Eunok Lenhart, Suzanne Protopopescu, Vladimir Babbs, Charles TI Optimal control applied to a thoraco-abdominal CPR model SO MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF THE IMA LA English DT Article DE cardiopulmonary resuscitation; difference equation; optimal control; ACD-CPR; IAC-CPR; vest-CPR ID HOSPITAL CARDIAC-ARREST; STANDARD CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; INTERPOSED ABDOMINAL COMPRESSION; IMPEDANCE THRESHOLD DEVICE; ELECTRICAL MODEL; DECOMPRESSION; CHEST; COUNTERPULSATION; CIRCULATION; MECHANISMS AB The techniques of optimal control are applied to a validated blood circulation model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), consisting of a system of seven difference equations. In this system, the non-homogeneous forcing terms are chest and abdominal pressures acting as the 'controls'. We seek to maximize the blood flow, as measured by the pressure difference between the thoracic aorta and the right atrium. By applying optimal control methods, we characterize the optimal waveforms for external chest and abdominal compression during cardiac arrest and CPR in terms of the solutions of the circulation model and of the corresponding adjoint system. Numerical results are given for various scenarios. The optimal waveforms confirm the previously discovered positive effects of active decompression and interposed abdominal compression. These waveforms can be implemented with manual (Lifestick-like) and mechanical (vest-like) devices to achieve levels of blood flow substantially higher than those provided by standard CPR, a technique which, despite its long history, is far from optimal. C1 [Jung, Eunok] Konkuk Univ, Dept Math, Seoul 143701, South Korea. [Lenhart, Suzanne] Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Protopopescu, Vladimir] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Babbs, Charles] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jung, E (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Dept Math, Seoul 143701, South Korea. EM lenhart@math.utk.edu NR 33 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1477-8599 EI 1477-8602 J9 MATH MED BIOL JI Math. Med. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 157 EP 170 DI 10.1093/imammb/dqn009 PG 14 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 310BA UT WOS:000256502700005 PM 18515260 ER PT J AU Pullen, SA Gilbert, EP Olsen, SR Lang, EA Doolan, KR AF Pullen, Stewart A. Gilbert, Elliot P. Olsen, Scott R. Lang, Edward A. Doolan, Kenneth R. TI An in situ rapid heat-quench cell for small-angle neutron scattering SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rapid head; quench; in situ; SANS; duel temperature ID SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTS; X-RAY; CRYSTALLIZATION; SEPARATION; MIXTURES; LIQUID; OPAL AB A dual-temperature sample environment has been developed enabling the rapid heating and quenching of samples in situ for small-angle neutron scattering ( SANS). The rapid heat and quench cell (RHQC) allows samples to be rapidly heated up to 600 K and then quenched to 150 K, or vice versa, in a single shot or cycle mode, with the sample in position for data collection. Measured cooling rates of up to 11 K s(-1) and heating rates up to 19 K s(-1) have been recorded during the testing stages. First results using the RHQC on a hydrogenated/deuterated paraffin blend quenched from the melt illustrate the value of the device in accessing the early stage phase separation kinetics with SANS. C1 [Pullen, Stewart A.; Gilbert, Elliot P.; Olsen, Scott R.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. [Pullen, Stewart A.; Doolan, Kenneth R.] Univ Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia. [Lang, Edward A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pullen, SA (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. EM stewart.pullen@ansto.gov.au; elliot.gilbert@ansto.gov.au; scott.olsen@ansto.gov.au RI Gilbert, Elliot/A-5566-2010 OI Gilbert, Elliot/0000-0001-6413-7813 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 6 AR 065707 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/19/6/065707 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 315VG UT WOS:000256907700035 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, Paul T. TI Vigorous exercise, fitness and incident hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; running; cardiorespiratory fitness; prevention ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; AEROBIC POWER; LONGITUDINAL CHANGES; MEASUREMENT ERROR; HERITAGE FAMILY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; MALE RUNNERS AB Purpose: Current physical activity guidelines are based in part on studies of cardiorespiratory fitness, however, the effects of fitness may differ from activity. Analyses were undertaken to determine the dose-response relationships of fitness to incident hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes independent of activity. Methods: Self-reported physician-diagnosed incident diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension were compared to baseline running distance in 29,139 men and 11,985 women followed prospectively for 7.7 and 7.4 yr, respectively, and compared to cardiorespiratory fitness (m.s(-1) 10-km performance) in 85% of men and 76% of women. Results: During follow up, 2342 men (8.53%) and 499 women (4.26%) became hypertensive, 3330 men (12.2%) and 599 women (5.14%) became hypercholesterolemic, and 197 men (0.68%) and 28 women (0.23%) became diabetic. Longer baseline distance predicted lower incident hypertension (men, P < 0.0001; women, P = 0.08), hypercholesterolemia (men and women, P < 0.0001), and diabetes (men, P < 0.001; women, P < 0.01) during follow up. The odds for hypercholesterolemia decreased significantly with each 16 km-wk(-1) increment in distance through 64 km-wk-1 in men and 48 km.wk(-1) in women. Higher baseline fitness predicted significantly lower odds for incident hypertension (men, P < 0.0001; women, P < 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (men, P < 0.0001; women, P < 0.01), and diabetes (men, P < 0.001; women, P < 0.01), independent of distance. Compared to the least fit men, the fittest men had 62% lower odds for becoming hypertensive, 67% lower odds for becoming hypercholesterolemic, and 86% lower odds for becoming diabetic. When adjusted for BMI, greater fitness predicted significantly lower odds for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes in men. Conclusions: Higher cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the odds for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes, independent of physical activity and is an important risk factor separate from physical activity. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45652, R01 HL072110, HL-072110]; NIA NIH HHS [R03 AG032004, R03 AG032004-01A1]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK066738, DK-066738] NR 40 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 6 BP 998 EP 1006 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816722a9 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 305DH UT WOS:000256157500003 PM 18461008 ER PT J AU Xu, J Liu, X Bright, MA Hemrick, JG Sikka, V Barbero, E AF Xu, Jing Liu, Xingbo Bright, Mark A. Hemrick, James G. Sikka, Vinod Barbero, Ever TI Reactive wetting of an iron-base superalloy MSA2020 and 316L stainless steel by molten zinc-aluminum alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BATH HARDWARE MATERIALS; LIQUID-METAL CORROSION; CONTACT-ANGLE; MO AB The reactive wetting behaviors of MSA2020, an Fe-based superalloy, and 316L stainless steel in contact with a molten Zn-Al alloy were investigated by the sessile drop method. This investigation led to the following findings. (1) 316L not only suffered considerable wetting, but also reacted with the molten Zn-Al alloy at a higher rate than MSA2020. (2) The contact angle of MSA2020 wet by the molten Zn-Al alloy dropped to an acute angle when the temperature was increased to 500 degrees C. (3) The surface reaction was found to initiate even though the liquid droplet and substrate were observed as nonwetting (contact angle larger than 90 deg). (4) The reaction mechanisms were identified in three stages. Initially, the Al diffused into the substrate to form an Fe-aluminide layer, which acted as the reaction front. Next, the reaction front penetrated the substrate through inward diffusion of Al. Finally, Zn-rich zones formed behind the reaction front as a result of Al depletion. (5) The alloying constituents (W, Mo, and Cr) in MSA2020 stably segregating on the surface reduced the wettability by molten Zn-Al by covering the reactive sites on the solid-liquid interface. C1 [Xu, Jing; Liu, Xingbo; Barbero, Ever] W Virginia Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Bright, Mark A.] Met Syst Div Pyrotek Inc, Solon, OH 44139 USA. [Hemrick, James G.; Sikka, Vinod] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM xingbo.liu@mail.wvu.edu NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 39A IS 6 BP 1382 EP 1391 DI 10.1007/s11661-008-9501-x PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 299XN UT WOS:000255789000013 ER PT J AU Kim, BI Kim, KH Youn, HS Jheon, S Kim, JK Kim, H AF Kim, Bong-Il Kim, Ki-Hong Youn, Hwa-Shik Jheon, Sanghoon Kim, Jong-Ki Kim, Hongtae TI High resolution X-ray phase contrast synchrotron imaging of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerves SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE synchrotron radiation imaging; phase contrast radiography; Wallerian degeneration; peripheral nerve block; sciatic nerve ID INJURY; DEGENERATION; INJECTION; RADIATION; LESIONS AB This study was performed to apply synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging to a neuropathologic evaluation technique after treatment of peripheral nerve blocks. A phase contrast synchrotron images of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve were obtained with an 8 KeV monochromatic beam and 20-mu m thick CsI(TI) scintillation crystal. The visual image was magnified using a 20X microscope objective and captured using an analog CCD camera. Obtained images were compared with conventional light microscopic findings from the same nerve samples. By using an edge enhancement effect of phase const with SR, we could easily discriminate each nerve fiber and identify the arrangement of nerve fibers within a whole thickness (about 1 mm in diameter) of peripheral nerve without sectioning and fixation. The composite SR image of a ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve sample showed that the response to nerve injury was different on each side of the site of injury. The SR image of damaged distal lesion showed destruction of neural microarchitecture and typical extensive Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers as clearly as histologic image. We could get very detailed morphologic data for Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers by using the SR imaging technique. We believe that the phase contrast synchrotron imaging has great potential as an imaging tool in the bioscience and medical science. C1 [Kim, Hongtae] Catholic Univ Daegu, Sch Med, Dept Anat, Namgu 705718, Daegu, South Korea. [Kim, Bong-Il] Catholic Univ Daegu, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Namgu 705718, Daegu, South Korea. [Kim, Ki-Hong] Kyungwoon Univ, Dept Vis Opt, Kumi, South Korea. [Youn, Hwa-Shik] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang, South Korea. [Jheon, Sanghoon] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Jong-Ki] Catholic Univ Daegu, Sch Med, Dept Radiol & Biomed Engn, Namgu 705718, Daegu, South Korea. [Kim, Hongtae] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Xray Tomog, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Catholic Univ Daegu, Sch Med, Dept Anat, 3056-6,Daemyung 4-Dong, Namgu 705718, Daegu, South Korea. EM htaekim@cu.ac.kr RI JHEON, SANG HOON/D-8031-2012 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1002/jemt.20571 PG 5 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 312BS UT WOS:000256644700006 PM 18398835 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Wang, J Biner, SB AF Liu, X-Y Wang, J. Biner, S. B. TI Hydrogen and self-interstitial interactions with edge dislocations in Ni: atomistic and elasticity comparisons SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FCC METALS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; LATTICE-DEFECTS; ALLOYS; NICKEL; SIMULATIONS; SOLUTES; MOTION AB The interactions of hydrogen interstitial and self-interstitial with dissociated Shockley partial dislocations in fcc Ni were studied with embedded atom method calculations and the results were compared with those obtained from elasticity solutions. Such cross-correlations are important for efficient and accurate inclusion of the point defects into the dislocation dynamics simulations that are usually based on elasticity theories. The simulations were carried out using a dipole dislocation cell having periodic boundaries. The size effect, tetragonal distortions and the modulus effect were considered in the elasticity analysis. The results indicate that the elasticity solutions compare well with the atomistic results for the regions outside the Shockley partial cores, even though the interaction energies differed by approximately one order of magnitude for these two types of point defects. The range where the elasticity description of the interstitial-dislocation interaction breaks down was identified. In the self-interstitial case, the core reaction with the interstitial was observed, resulting in a larger core interaction range. C1 [Liu, X-Y; Biner, S. B.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 4 AR 045002 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/16/4/045002 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 309JB UT WOS:000256455400002 ER PT J AU Zheng, H Jin, B Henrickson, SE Perelson, AS von Andrian, UH Chakraborty, AK AF Zheng, Huan Jin, Bo Henrickson, Sarah E. Perelson, Alan S. von Andrian, Ulrich H. Chakraborty, Arup K. TI How antigen quantity and quality determine T-cell decisions in lymphoid tissue SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC CELLS; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; IN-VIVO; 2-PHOTON MICROSCOPY; STOP SIGNAL; NODES; RECEPTOR; ACTIVATION; IMMUNITY; DYNAMICS AB T lymphocytes (T cells) express T-cell receptor (TCR) molecules on their surface that can recognize peptides (p) derived from antigenic proteins bound to products of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. The pMHC molecules are expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs). T cells first encounter antigen on DCs in lymph nodes (LN). Intravital microscopy experiments show that upon entering the LN containing antigen, CD8(+) T cells first move rapidly. After a few hours, they stop and make extended contacts with DCs. The factors that determine when and how this transition occurs are not well understood. We report results from computer simulations that suggest that the duration of phase one is related to the low probability of productive interactions between T cells and DCs. This is demonstrated by our finding that the antigen dose and type determine when such a transition occurs. These results are in agreement with experimental observations. TCR-pMHC binding characteristics and the antigen dose determine the time required for a productive T-cell-DC encounter (resulting in sustained contact). We find that the ratio of this time scale and the half-life of the pMHC complex itself provide a consolidated measure of antigen quantity and type. Results obtained upon varying different measures of antigen quantity and type fall on one curve when graphed against this ratio of time scales. Thus, we provide a mechanism for how the effects of varying one set of parameters are influenced by other prevailing conditions. This understanding should help guide future experimentation. C1 [Zheng, Huan; Jin, Bo; Chakraborty, Arup K.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chakraborty, Arup K.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chakraborty, Arup K.] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Henrickson, Sarah E.; von Andrian, Ulrich H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Henrickson, Sarah E.; von Andrian, Ulrich H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Immune Dis Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chakraborty, AK (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Room E19-502C,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM arupc@mit.edu RI von Andrian, Ulrich/A-5775-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07623, T32 HL007623]; NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI071195, 1 PO1 AI071195-01, AI072252, R01 AI069259, R01 AI072252, R37 AI028433, R37 AI28433]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42689, P30 AR042689]; NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007753] NR 52 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 12 BP 4040 EP 4051 DI 10.1128/MCB.00136-08 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 309HT UT WOS:000256452000014 PM 18426917 ER PT J AU Ikediobi, ON Reimers, M Durinck, S Blower, PE Futreal, AP Stratton, MR Weinstein, JN AF Ikediobi, Ogechi N. Reimers, Mark Durinck, Steffen Blower, Paul E. Futreal, Andrew P. Stratton, Michael R. Weinstein, John N. TI In vitro differential sensitivity c phenothiazines is based on the codon 600 BRAF mutation SO MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID CANCER-CELL-LINES; ANTICANCER DRUG SCREEN; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY; TUMOR-CELLS; B-RAF; RESISTANCE; PTEN; GEFITINIB; DISCOVERY AB The panel of 60 human cancer cell lines (the NCI-60) assembled by the National Cancer Institute for anticancer drug discovery is a widely used resource. We previously sequenced 24 cancer genes in those cell lines. Eleven of the genes were found to be mutated in three or more of the lines. Using a pharmacogenomic approach, we analyzed the relationship between drug activity and mutations in those 11 genes (APC, RB1, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, PTEN, STK11, MADH4, TP53, and CDKN2A). That analysis identified an association between mutation in BRAF and the antiproliferative potential of phenothiazine compounds. Phenothiazines have been used as antipsychotics and as adjunct antiemetics during cancer chemotherapy and more recently have been reported to have anticancer properties. However, to date, the anticancer mechanism of action of phenothiazines has not been elucidated. To follow up on the initial pharmacologic observations in the NCI-60 screen, we did pharmacologic experiments on 11 of the NCI-60 cell lines and, prospectively, on an additional 24 lines. The studies provide evidence that BRAF mutation (codon 600) in melanoma as opposed to RAS mutation is predictive of an increase in sensitivity to phenothiazines as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt assay (Wilcoxon P = 0.007). That pattern of increased sensitivity to phenothiazines based on the presence of codon 600 BRAF mutation may be unique to melanomas, as we do not observe it in a panel of colorectal cancers. The findings reported here have potential implications for the use of phenothiazines in the treatment of V600E BRAF mutant melanoma. C1 [Ikediobi, Ogechi N.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Ikediobi, Ogechi N.; Reimers, Mark; Weinstein, John N.] NCI, Genom & Bioinformat Grp, Mol Pharmacol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ikediobi, Ogechi N.; Futreal, Andrew P.; Stratton, Michael R.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Canc Genome Project, Cambridge, England. [Durinck, Steffen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Blower, Paul E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Program Pharmacogenom, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Blower, Paul E.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ikediobi, ON (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, 3333 Calif St,Box 0613, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM ikediobio@pharmacy.ucsf.edu FU Intramural NIH HHS; Wellcome Trust [077012] NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1535-7163 J9 MOL CANCER THER JI Mol. Cancer Ther. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1337 EP 1346 DI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-2308 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 316NF UT WOS:000256955900001 PM 18524847 ER PT J AU Zangar, RC Bollinger, N Verma, S Karin, NJ Lu, Y AF Zangar, R. C. Bollinger, N. Verma, S. Karin, N. J. Lu, Y. TI The nuclear factor-kappa B pathway regulates cytochrome P450 3A4 protein stability SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; PROTEASOME INHIBITORS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; RAT HEPATOCYTES; 26S PROTEASOME; DEGRADATION; RECEPTOR; PHOSPHORYLATION; SUPPRESSION; MECHANISMS AB We have previously observed that CYP3A4 protein levels are suppressed by inhibition of the proteasome in primary cultured hepatocytes. Because this result is opposite of what would be expected if CYP3A4 were degraded by the proteasome, it seemed likely that there might be another protein susceptible to proteasomal degradation that regulated CYP3A4 expression. In this study, we evaluated whether the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway was involved in that process. Our model system used an adenovirus system to express CYP3A4 protein in HepG2 cells, which are derived from human cancer cells. Similar to results in primary hepatocytes, the inhibition of the proteasome with N-benzoyloxycarbonyl (Z)-Leu-Leu-leucinal (MG132) suppresses CYP3A4 protein levels. We also found that MG132 treatment had a broad affect on the NF-kappa B pathway, including down-regulation of NF-kappa B DNA binding activity and I kappa B kinase (IKK)alpha levels and up-regulation of IKK beta and inhibitory kappa B levels. Treatment of the HepG2 cells with several structurally distinct NF-kappa B inhibitors also suppressed CYP3A4 protein levels. When the HepG2 cells were treated with cycloheximide, a general inhibitor of protein synthesis, the loss of CYP3A4 protein was accelerated by cotreatment with either proteasome or NF-kappa B inhibitors. These results indicate that NF-kappa B activity regulated CYP3A4 protein stability, and they suggest that the NF-kappa B pathway was responsible for the decrease in CYP3A4 protein levels that resulted from the proteasomal inhibition. C1 [Zangar, R. C.; Bollinger, N.; Verma, S.; Karin, N. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lu, Y.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Zangar, RC (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,P7-56, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM richard.zangar@pnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA117378] NR 36 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 73 IS 6 BP 1652 EP 1658 DI 10.1124/mol.107.043976 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 302QA UT WOS:000255982500008 PM 18334598 ER PT J AU Highstrete, C Lee, M Vallett, AL Eichfeld, SM Redwing, JM Mayer, TS AF Highstrete, Clark Lee, Mark Vallett, Aaron L. Eichfeld, Sarah M. Redwing, Joan M. Mayer, Theresa S. TI Disorder dominated microwave conductance spectra of doped silicon nanowire arrays SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNIVERSAL DIELECTRIC RESPONSE; NETWORK-ANALYZER CALIBRATION; CONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY; DEVICES AB Conductance spectra of doped silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays were measured from 0.5 to 50 GHz at temperatures between 4 and 293 K. For arrays consisting of 11 to > 10(4) SiNWs, the conductance was found to increase with frequency as f(s), with 0.25 < s < 0.45, consistent with behavior found universally in disordered systems. A possible cause is disorder from Si/SiOx interface states dominating the conductance due to the high surface-to-volume ratio of the nanowires. C1 [Highstrete, Clark; Lee, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Highstrete, Clark] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Vallett, Aaron L.; Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Redwing, Joan M.; Mayer, Theresa S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Highstrete, C (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM chighst@sandia.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1557 EP 1561 DI 10.1021/nl072496p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 313LL UT WOS:000256742000001 PM 18444685 ER PT J AU Prasankumar, RP Choi, S Trugman, SA Picraux, ST Taylor, AJ AF Prasankumar, R. P. Choi, S. Trugman, S. A. Picraux, S. T. Taylor, A. J. TI Ultrafast electron and hole dynamics in germanium nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; CARRIER DYNAMICS; GAN-NANOWIRES; QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOPARTICLES; CONDUCTIVITY; PHOTONICS; SILICON; LASERS AB We present the first ultrafast time-resolved optical measurements, to the best of our knowledge, on ensembles of germanium nanowires. Vertically aligned germanium nanowires with mean diameters of 18 and 30 nm are grown on (111) silicon substrates through chemical vapor deposition. We optically inject electron-hole. pairs into the nanowires and exploit the indirect band structure of germanium to separately probe electron and hole dynamics with femtosecond time resolution. We find that the lifetime of both electrons and holes decreases with decreasing nanowire diameter, demonstrating that surface effects dominate carrier relaxation in semiconductor nanowires. C1 [Prasankumar, R. P.; Choi, S.; Trugman, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.; Taylor, A. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Prasankumar, RP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rpprasan@lanl.gov RI Choi, Sukgeun/J-2345-2014; OI Trugman, Stuart/0000-0002-6688-7228 NR 37 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1619 EP 1624 DI 10.1021/nl080202+ PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 313LL UT WOS:000256742000011 PM 18459742 ER PT J AU He, RR Feng, XL Roukes, ML Yang, PD AF He, Rongrui Feng, X. L. Roukes, M. L. Yang, Peidong TI Self-transducing silicon nanowire electromechanical systems at room temperature SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOMECHANICAL RESONATOR; NANOELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; GROWTH; OSCILLATOR; MICROSCOPY; NANOSCALE; MOTION; GAN AB Electronic readout of the motions of genuinely nanoscale mechanical devices at room temperature imposes an important challenge for the integration and application of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Here, we report the first experiments on piezoresistively transduced very high frequency Si nanowire (SiNW) resonators with on-chip electronic actuation at room temperature. We have demonstrated that, for very thin (similar to 90 nm down to similar to 30 nm) SiNWs, their time-varying strain can be exploited for self-transducing the devices' resonant motions at frequencies as high as similar to 100 MHz. The strain of wire elongation, which is only second-order in doubly clamped structures, enables efficient displacement transducer because of the enhanced piezoresistance effect in these SiNWs. This intrinsically integrated transducer is uniquely suited for a class of very thin wires and beams where metallization and multilayer complex patterning on devices become impractical. The 30 nm thin SiNW NEMS offer exceptional mass sensitivities in the subzeptogram range. This demonstration makes it promising to advance toward NEMS sensors based on ultrathin and even molecular-scale SiNWs, and their monolithic integration with microelectronics on the same chip. C1 [Feng, X. L.; Roukes, M. L.] CALTECH, Kavli Nanosci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [He, Rongrui; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, Peidong] Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Roukes, ML (reprint author), CALTECH, Kavli Nanosci Inst, Mail Code 114-36, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM roukes@caltech.edu; p_yang@berkeley.edu RI Roukes, Michael/E-9787-2010; Feng, Philip/C-8076-2011 NR 40 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1756 EP 1761 DI 10.1021/nl801071w PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 313LL UT WOS:000256742000036 PM 18481896 ER PT J AU Kim, EY Stanton, J Korber, BTM Krebs, K Bogdan, D Kunstman, K Wu, S Phair, JP Mirkin, C Wolinsky, SM AF Kim, Eun-Young Stanton, Jennifer Korber, Bette T. M. Krebs, Kendall Bogdan, Derek Kunstman, Kevin Wu, Samuel Phair, John P. Mirkin, Chad A. Wolinsky, Steven M. TI Detection of HIV-1 p24 Gag in plasma by a nanoparticle-based bio-barcode-amplification method SO NANOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bio-barcode-amplification method; HIV-1; major core protein of HIV-1; (p24 Gag) ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; REAL-TIME PCR; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; BOOSTED ELISA; ANTIGEN-ASSAY; VIRAL LOAD AB Background: Detection of HIV-1 in patients is limited by the sensitivity and selectivity of available tests. The nanotechnology-based bio-barcode-amplification method offers an innovative approach to detect specific HIV-1 antigens from diverse HIV-1 subtypes. We evaluated the efficacy of this protein-detection method in detecting HIV-1 in men enrolled in the Chicago component of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Methods: The method relies on magnetic microparticles with antibodies that specifically bind the HIV-1 p24 Gag protein and nanoparticles that are encoded with DNA and antibodies that can sandwich the target protein captured by the microparticle-bound antibodies. The aggregate sandwich structures are magnetically separated from solution, and treated to remove the conjugated barcode DNA. The DNA barcodes (hundreds per target) were identified by a nanoparticle-based detection method that does not rely on PCR. Results: Of 112 plasma samples from HIV-1 -infected subjects, 111 were positive for HIV-1 p24 Gag protein (range: 0.11-71.5 ng/ml of plasma) by the bio-barcode-amplification method. HIV-1 p24 Gag protein was detected in only 23 out of 112 men by the conventional ELISA. A total of 34 uninfected subjects were negative by both tests. Thus, the specificity of the bio-barcode-amplification method was 100% and the sensitivity 99%. The bio-barcode-amplification method detected HIV-1 p24 Gag protein in plasma from all study subjects with less than 200 CD4(+) Tcells/mu l of plasma (100%) and 19 out of 20 (95%) HIV-1 -infected men who had less than 50 copies/ml of plasma of HIV-1 RNA. In a separate group of 60 diverse international isolates, representative of clades A, B, C and D and circulating recombinant forms CRF01_AE and CRF02_AG, the bio-barcode-amplification method identified the presence of virus correctly. Conclusions: The bio-barcode-amplification method was superior to the conventional ELISA assay for the detection of HIV-1 p24 Gag protein in plasma with a breadth of coverage for diverse HIV-1 subtypes. Because the bio-barcocle-amplification method does not require enzymatic amplification, this method could be translated into a robust point-of-care test. C1 [Kim, Eun-Young; Stanton, Jennifer; Krebs, Kendall; Bogdan, Derek; Kunstman, Kevin; Wu, Samuel; Phair, John P.; Wolinsky, Steven M.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Kim, Eun-Young; Mirkin, Chad A.; Wolinsky, Steven M.] NW Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Korber, Bette T. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wolinsky, SM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 676 N St Clair, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM s-wolinsky@northwestern.edu RI Mirkin, Chad/E-3911-2010; Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI052764, R01 AI052764-03, U01 AI061297, U01 AI061297-01] NR 37 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 30 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1743-5889 J9 NANOMEDICINE-UK JI Nanomedicine PD JUN PY 2008 VL 3 IS 3 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.2217/17435889.3.3.293 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 314DN UT WOS:000256789400007 PM 18510425 ER PT J AU Chu, YH Martin, LW Holcomb, MB Gajek, M Han, SJ He, Q Balke, N Yang, CH Lee, D Hu, W Zhan, Q Yang, PL Fraile-Rodriguez, A Scholl, A Wang, SX Ramesh, R AF Chu, Ying-Hao Martin, Lane W. Holcomb, Mikel B. Gajek, Martin Han, Shu-Jen He, Qing Balke, Nina Yang, Chan-Ho Lee, Donkoun Hu, Wei Zhan, Qian Yang, Pei-Ling Fraile-Rodriguez, Arantxa Scholl, Andreas Wang, Shan X. Ramesh, R. TI Electric-field control of local ferromagnetism using a magnetoelectric multiferroic SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE BIAS; BIFEO3 FILMS; POLARIZATION AB Multiferroics are of interest for memory and logic device applications, as the coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic properties enables the dynamic interaction between these order parameters. Here, we report an approach to control and switch local ferromagnetism with an electric field using multiferroics. We use two types of electromagnetic coupling phenomenon that are manifested in heterostructures consisting of a ferromagnet in intimate contact with the multiferroic BiFeO(3). The first is an internal, magnetoelectric coupling between antiferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in the BiFeO3 film that leads to electric-field control of the antiferromagnetic order. The second is based on exchange interactions at the interface between a ferromagnet (Co(0.9)Fe(0.1)) and the antiferromagnet. We have discovered a one-to-one mapping of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic domains, mediated by the colinear coupling between the magnetization in the ferromagnet and the projection of the antiferromagnetic order in the multiferroic. Our preliminary experiments reveal the possibility to locally control ferromagnetism with an electric field. C1 [Chu, Ying-Hao; Martin, Lane W.; Zhan, Qian; Yang, Pei-Ling; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Ying-Hao; Holcomb, Mikel B.; Gajek, Martin; He, Qing; Balke, Nina; Yang, Chan-Ho; Zhan, Qian; Yang, Pei-Ling; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Ying-Hao; Martin, Lane W.; Holcomb, Mikel B.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Han, Shu-Jen; Lee, Donkoun; Hu, Wei; Wang, Shan X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. [Fraile-Rodriguez, Arantxa] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Scholl, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Martin, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lwmartin@berkeley.edu RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; Fraile Rodriguez, Arantxa/A-2446-2009; He, Qing/E-3202-2010; YANG, CHAN-HO/C-2079-2011; Martin, Lane/H-2409-2011; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Balke, Nina/Q-2505-2015 OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; Holcomb, Mikel/0000-0003-2111-3410; Fraile Rodriguez, Arantxa/0000-0003-2722-0882; Martin, Lane/0000-0003-1889-2513; Balke, Nina/0000-0001-5865-5892 NR 20 TC 730 Z9 740 U1 64 U2 510 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 478 EP 482 DI 10.1038/nmat2184 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 304LE UT WOS:000256110200022 PM 18438412 ER PT J AU Kondev, FG AF Kondev, F. G. TI Nuclear data sheets for A=206 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; ALPHA-DECAY PROPERTIES; NEUTRON INELASTIC SCATTERING; MUONIC X-RAYS; GAMMA DIRECTIONAL CORRELATIONS; DEFICIENT ASTATINE ISOTOPES; ISOBARIC ANALOG RESONANCES; CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS; FILLED RECOIL SEPARATOR; HEAVY-ION REACTIONS AB Evaluated nuclear structure and decay data for all nuclei within the A = 206 mass chain are presented. The experimental data are evaluated and recommended best values for level and gamma-ray energies, quantum numbers, lifetimes, gamma-ray intensities and other nuclear properties are presented. Inconsistencies and discrepancies that exist in the literature are noted. This work supersedes the earlier evaluation by E. Browne (1999Br39), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 88, 29 (1999). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kondev, FG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 378 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD JUN PY 2008 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1527 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2008.05.002 PG 127 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 308DN UT WOS:000256368600002 ER PT J AU Martin-Solis, JR Esposito, B Sanchez, R Granucci, G Panaccione, L AF Martin-Solis, J. R. Esposito, B. Sanchez, R. Granucci, G. Panaccione, L. TI Reply to comment on 'Comparison of runaway dynamics in LH and ECRH heated discharges in the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade' SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID LOWER-HYBRID WAVES; STOCHASTIC-INSTABILITY; ELECTRONS C1 [Martin-Solis, J. R.] Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid 28911, Spain. [Esposito, B.; Panaccione, L.] CR Frascati, ENEA Fus, EURATOM Assoc, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Sanchez, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Granucci, G.] IFP CNR, ENEA CNR Fus, EURATOM Assoc, I-20125 Milan, Italy. RP Martin-Solis, JR (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Ave Univ 30, Madrid 28911, Spain. EM solis@fis.uc3m.es RI Sanchez, Raul/C-2328-2008 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2008 VL 48 IS 6 AR 068002 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/48/6/068002 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 321RP UT WOS:000257324500012 ER PT J AU Chou, W Kostin, M Tang, Z AF Chou, W. Kostin, M. Tang, Z. TI Stripping efficiency and lifetime of carbon foils SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE accelerator; carbon foil; H-minus ion; stripping efficiency; foil lifetime ID RELATIVISTIC H-IONS; THIN FOILS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HYDROGEN; TRANSMISSION; ATOMS AB Charge-exchange injection by means of carbon foils is a widely used method in accelerators. This paper discusses two critical issues concerning the use of carbon foils: efficiency and lifetime. An energy scaling of stripping efficiency was suggested and compared with measurements. Several factors that determine the foil lifetime-energy deposition, heating, stress and buckling-were studied by using the simulation codes MARS and ANSYS. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chou, W.; Tang, Z.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kostin, M.] NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Chou, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM chou@fnal.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.060 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200002 ER PT J AU Spickermann, T Borden, MJ Macek, RJ Shaw, RW Feigerle, CS Sugai, I AF Spickermann, T. Borden, M. J. Macek, R. J. Shaw, R. W. Feigerle, C. S. Sugai, I. TI Comparison of carbon and corrugated diamond stripper foils under operational conditions at the Los Alamos PSR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE CVD; stripper; stripper lifetime AB To accumulate high-intensity proton pulses, the Los Alamos Proton Storage Ring (PSR) uses the charge-exchange injection method. H- ions merge with already circulating protons in a bending magnet, and then are stripped off their two electrons in a carbon stripper foil. The circulating protons continue to interact with the foil. Despite efforts to minimize the number of these foil hits, like "painting" of the vertical phase space, they cannot totally be eliminated. As a result, foil heating and probably also radiation damage limit the lifetime of these foils. In recent years, LANL has collaborated with KEK to improve the carbon foils in use at PSR, and these foils now last typically for about 2 months. Recently, an alternative in the form of corrugated diamond foils has been proposed for use at SNS. These foils have now been tested in PSR production for a year, and have already shown to be at least as enduring as the LANL/KEK carbon foils. Advantages of the diamond foil concept, as well as some noteworthy differences that we observed with respect to the LANL carbon foils, will be discussed here. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spickermann, T.; Borden, M. J.; Macek, R. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Shaw, R. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Feigerle, C. S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sugai, I.] KEK, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Spickermann, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Bikini Atoll Rd,MS H812, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM spickermann@lanl.gov OI Macek, Robert/0000-0003-3196-0533 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.067 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200006 ER PT J AU Plum, MA Holmes, J Shaw, RW Feigerle, CS AF Plum, M. A. Holmes, J. Shaw, R. W. Feigerle, C. S. TI SNS stripper foil development program SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE stripper foil; diamond; storage ring; lifetime AB When the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) becomes fully operational it will be the world's highest intensity neutron spallation source. The charge-exchange injection section in the accumulator ring, which strips the injected H- beam to H+, requires a stripper foil 260 mu g/cm(2) thick, 12 mm wide, a height of at least 20 mm, and support from just the top edge. The foil will get very hot due to the 1.4 MW, 1 GeV, 60 Hz H- beam that passes through the foil, in addition to the 7-10 foil traversals each circulating proton makes through the foil. The planned upgrade to 3 MW beam power presents an even greater challenge. To meet this challenge a diamond foil development program has been underway at ORNL since 2001. Both microcrystalline and nanocrystalline foils have been developed and tested. In this paper we will discuss the SNS injection process, stripper foil requirements, and results from the diamond foil development and testing program. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Plum, M. A.; Holmes, J.; Shaw, R. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Feigerle, C. S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Plum, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mail Stop 6473, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM plum@sns.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.065 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200009 ER PT J AU Jolivet, CS Miller, SA Stoner, JO Ladd, P AF Jolivet, Connie S. Miller, Shawn A. Stoner, John O., Jr. Ladd, Peter TI Carbon stripper foils held in place with carbon fibers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE carbon stripper foils; carbon fibers; stripper foils AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) currently under construction at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, is planned to initially utilize carbon stripper foils having areal densities approximately 260 mu g/cm(2). The projected design requires that each foil be supported by only one fixed edge. For stability of the foil, additional support is to be provided by carbon fibers. The feasibility of manufacturing and shipping such mounted carbon foils produced by arc evaporation was studied using two prototypes. Production of the foils is described. Fibers were chosen for satisfactory mechanical strength consistent with minimal interference with the SNS beam. Mounting of the fibers, and packaging of the assemblies for shipping are described. Ten completed assemblies were shipped to SNS for further testing. Preliminary evaluation of the survivability of the foils in the SNS foil changer is described. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jolivet, Connie S.; Miller, Shawn A.; Stoner, John O., Jr.] Arizona Carbon Foil Co Inc, ACF Met, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Ladd, Peter] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Stoner, JO (reprint author), Arizona Carbon Foil Co Inc, ACF Met, 2239 E Kleindale Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM metalfoil@cox.net NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.028 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200010 ER PT J AU Greene, JP Palumbo, A Tan, WP Gorres, J Wiescher, MC AF Greene, John P. Palumbo, Annalia Tan, Wanpeng Gorres, Joachim Wiescher, Michael C. TI Production of stable tellurium evaporated targets SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE tellurium target; tellurium oxide target; carbon backing foil; resistively heated crucible AB Due to the low melting point of tellurium metal, self-supporting Te targets degrade quickly when exposed to particle beams. This situation is greatly improved if the tellurium material is evaporated onto C foil backings. Elastic scattering in target and backing layers broadens the Te peak, making measurements difficult, while too little material reduces the reaction rate. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the target thickness. Evaporated metallic and oxide Te targets were prepared at Argonne National Laboratory by vacuum deposition from a resistively heated source boat. The stability of the targets was then tested by exposing them to a varying intensity alpha beam with an energy range from 17 to 27MeV using the FN Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator at the University of Notre Dame. Optimal target thicknesses and beam currents were then obtained for p-process experiments. A description of the apparatus and production method will be presented. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Greene, John P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Palumbo, Annalia; Tan, Wanpeng; Gorres, Joachim; Wiescher, Michael C.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Greene, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM greene@anl.gov RI Tan, Wanpeng/A-4687-2008 OI Tan, Wanpeng/0000-0002-5930-1823 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.082 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200016 ER PT J AU Greene, JP Ahmad, I AF Greene, John P. Ahmad, Irshad TI Molecular plating of actinides on thin backings SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE actinide; uranium; americium; molecular plating; characterization of target ID TARGETS; ELECTRODEPOSITION AB Actinide targets on thick and thin backings are needed for experiments at heavy-ion accelerators. One of the efficient ways to prepare such targets is by molecular plating. Although many laboratories have successfully prepared targets on thick backings by this technique, it is quite difficult to make targets on thin backings (100 mu g/cm(2) up to 1 mg/cm(2)). In recent years, we have plated targets on thin Ni and carbon backings, for example U-234 targets on a 200 mu g/cm(2) Ni backing. The Ni foils, evaporated on a copper substrate, are available commercially. We used these foils to plate U-234 and afterwards we removed the copper by dissolving it in a mixture of ammoniacal trichloroacetic acid. In this way 400 mu g/cm(2) U-234 targets were prepared on a 200 mu g/cm(2) Ni backing. A 100 mu g/cm(2) Am-243 target was prepared by plating onto a 75 mu g/cm(2) carbon film left on its glass substrate for later floating. We found that a plating cell made from Teflon was difficult to use because it scratched the C film producing a liquid leak at the joint of the column and the C film. This sealing surface needs to be extremely smooth to avoid leakage. A column made of Delrin (TM) was then tried and did not produce any scratch on the carbon film surface. This column was used to prepare 100 mu g/cm(2) Am-243 targets. Details of the technique will be presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Greene, John P.; Ahmad, Irshad] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Greene, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM greene@anl.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 131 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.076 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200028 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, K Bruchle, W Dullmann, CE Gregorich, KE Hartmann, W Hubner, A Jager, E Kindler, B Kratz, JV Liebe, D Lommel, B Maier, HJ Schadel, M Schausten, B Schimpf, E Semchenkov, A Steiner, J Szerypo, J Thorle, P Turler, A Yakushev, A AF Eberhardt, K. Bruechle, W. Duellmann, Ch. E. Gregorich, K. E. Hartmann, W. Huebner, A. Jaeger, E. Kindler, B. Kratz, J. V. Liebe, D. Lommel, B. Maier, H. -J. Schaedel, M. Schausten, B. Schimpf, E. Semchenkov, A. Steiner, J. Szerypo, J. Thoerle, P. Tuerler, A. Yakushev, A. TI Preparation of targets for the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA by electrochemical deposition and design of the TASCA target wheel assembly SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE target wheel; radioactive target; electrodeposition; lanthanides; actinides; uranium; plutonium ID ACTINIDE TARGETS; PHYSICAL PRESEPARATION; QUANTITATIVE METHOD; HEAVY-ION; ELECTRODEPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; ELEMENTS; THIN AB The Transactinide Separator and Chemistry Apparatus (TASCA) is a recoil separator with maximized transmission designed for performing advanced chemical studies as well as nuclear reaction and structure investigations of the transactinide elements (Z > 103) on a one-atom-at-a-time basis. TASCA will provide a very clean transactinide fraction with negligible contamination of lighter elements from nuclear side reactions in the target. For TASCA a new target chamber was designed and built at GSI including the rotating target wheel assembly ARTESIA for beam intensities up to 2 mu A (particle). For the production of longer-lived isotopes of neutron-rich heavier actinide and transactinide elements, hot fusion reactions with actinide targets are required. Here, possible target materials range from thorium up to curium or even heavier elements. For the deposition of lanthanide and actinide elements on thin aluminum and titanium backings by means of Molecular Plating (MP), a new deposition cell has been constructed that allows precise temperature control of the organic solvent and stirring of the solution. The electrode geometry ensures homogeneity of the electric field inside the cell. With the new set-up, holmium and gadolinium layers (500 mu g/cm(2)) on 2-5 mu m thin titanium backings have been produced with deposition yields of the order of 90%. Systematic investigations are under way to further optimize the deposition conditions for other lanthanide and actinide elements including uranium and plutonium on different backing materials. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Eberhardt, K.; Kratz, J. V.; Liebe, D.; Thoerle, P.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Bruechle, W.; Duellmann, Ch. E.; Hartmann, W.; Huebner, A.; Jaeger, E.; Kindler, B.; Lommel, B.; Schaedel, M.; Schausten, B.; Schimpf, E.; Semchenkov, A.; Steiner, J.] Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Gregorich, K. E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Maier, H. -J.; Szerypo, J.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, D-80799 Munich, Germany. [Semchenkov, A.; Tuerler, A.; Yakushev, A.] Tech Univ Munich, Inst Radiochem, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Eberhardt, K (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, Fritz Strassmann Weg 2, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. EM klaus.eberbardt@uni-mainz.de RI Turler, Andreas/D-3913-2014 OI Turler, Andreas/0000-0002-4274-1056 NR 31 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 134 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.069 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200029 ER PT J AU Lozowski, WR Steski, D Huang, H Naylor, C AF Lozowski, W. R. Steski, D. Huang, H. Naylor, C. TI Carbon micro-ribbon and strip polarimeter targets for the AGS and RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 16-20, 2006 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc DE carbon-C; micro-ribbon target; vacuum deposition ID IUCF COOLER RING; FOILS AB Current techniques used to produce carbon micro-ribbon targets 5 mu m wide x 3.7-4.5 mu g/cm(2) x 25-mm long will be described. Developmental emphasis was to provide nearly identical micro-ribbons with the minimum number of atoms per unit of length, and to position them within +/- 0.5 mm of the desired location on C-shaped frames. The foil strip targets to be described were 200-600 mu m wide x 3.7-4.5 mu g/cm(2) x 51 mm long. These were produced from 25-mm-wide carbon film deposits that were scribed using a jig prior to dissolving the betaine/sucrose release agent under ethanol. Both types of targets required methods and devices that differed significantly from those reported previously for substrate texturing, masking, vacuum deposition, releasing from the substrate, and mounting. Sets of 12-24 of the targets have been made for the 2006 run period at BNL. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lozowski, W. R.] Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Steski, D.; Huang, H.; Naylor, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lozowski, WR (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. EM lozowski@indiana.edu NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 590 IS 1-3 BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.085 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 317VL UT WOS:000257048200033 ER PT J AU Stanek, CR Levy, MR McClellan, KJ Uberuaga, BP Grimes, RW AF Stanek, C. R. Levy, M. R. McClellan, K. J. Uberuaga, B. P. Grimes, R. W. TI Defect identification and compensation in rare earth oxide scintillators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE point defects; scintillation; atomistic simulation; stoichiometry; defect clusters ID 2 SYMMETRY SITES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ELECTRON TRAPS; LUMINESCENCE; GARNETS; MECHANISMS; PEROVSKITE; EFFICIENCY; DISORDER; ALUMINUM AB Nuclear nonproliferation, medical imaging and high energy physics activities require next generation scintillator materials with improved energy resolution, stopping power, linearity of response and speed. Such materials can be obtained either through the discovery of new compounds or through the optimization of existing materials. Atomistic simulation techniques can make valuable contributions to the optimization of scintillator materials by improving the fundamental understanding of defect structure. Once the defects that contribute to performance limitations have been identified, it becomes easier to remove them from the system; atomistic simulation can also be used to guide the process. In this paper, defects originating from intrinsic disorder, non-stoichiometry, activation, impurities and intentional co-doping in oxide scintillators are discussed. In particular, results are presented for the material systems: RE2O3 bixbyites, REAlO3 perovskites and RE3Al5O12 garnets (where RE represents a 3+ cation ranging in size from Sc3+ to La3+). The propensity for these point defects to cluster is also discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stanek, C. R.; McClellan, K. J.; Uberuaga, B. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Levy, M. R.; Grimes, R. W.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Stanek, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM stanek@lan1.gov NR 53 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2657 EP 2664 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.209 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300002 ER PT J AU Kittiratanawasin, L Smith, R Uberuaga, BP Sickafus, KE Cleave, AR Grimes, RW AF Kittiratanawasin, L. Smith, Roger Uberuaga, B. P. Sickafus, K. E. Cleave, A. R. Grimes, R. W. TI Atomistic simulations of radiation induced defect formation in the Er2O3 sesquioxide SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE defects; bixbyite; radiation damage ID ION IRRADIATION; DY2O3; TRANSFORMATION; DAMAGE AB Molecular dynamics simulations of collision cascades were performed in Er2O3 to determine the displacement energy thresholds, the main types of defects that form and the structure of the collision cascades. The displacement energy thresholds have a small variation, depending on direction, for Er but a much larger variation for O. Due to the large mass difference, when an Er atom is the primary knock-on, a dense cascade forms around the initial radiation event whereas the O cascades are more diffuse with subcascade branching. A wide variety of point defects were found to occur all of which had relatively high energy barriers for diffusion, with the lowest barrier being the oxygen vacancy which has to overcome barriers of 0.8 eV and 1 eV for net diffusion. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kittiratanawasin, L.; Smith, Roger] Univ Loughborough, Dept Math Sci, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Uberuaga, B. P.; Sickafus, K. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cleave, A. R.; Grimes, R. W.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. RP Kittiratanawasin, L (reprint author), Univ Loughborough, Dept Math Sci, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. EM L.Kittiratanawasin@lboro.ac.uk RI Smith, Roger/C-2550-2013 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2691 EP 2697 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.196 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300008 ER PT J AU Zhang, YW Xiang, X Weber, WJ AF Zhang, Yanwen Xiang, Xia Weber, William J. TI Scintillation response of CaF2 to H and He over a continuous energy range SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE light yield; nonlinearity; energy resolution; ion irradiation; scintillator; time of flight ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; CRYSTALS; IONS; RESOLUTION; DETECTOR; BGO AB Recent demands for new radiation detector materials with improved gamma-ray detection performance at room temperature have prompted research efforts on both accelerated material discovery and efficient techniques that can be used to identify material properties relevant to detector performance. New material discovery has been limited due to the difficulties of large crystal growth to completely absorb gamma-energies; whereas high-quality thin films or small crystals of candidate materials can be readily produced by various modern growth techniques. In this work, an ion-scintillator technique is demonstrated that can be applied to study scintillation properties of thin films and small crystals. The scintillation response of a benchmark scintillator, europium-doped calcium fluoride (CaF2:Eu), to energetic proton and helium ions is studied using the ion-scintillator approach based on a time-of-flight (TOF) telescope. Excellent energy resolution and fast response of the TOF telescope allow quantitative measurement of light yield, nonlinearity and energy resolution over an energy range from a few tens to a few thousands of keV. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yanwen; Xiang, Xia; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Zhang, YW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 MS K8-87, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Yanwen.Zhang@pn1.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2750 EP 2753 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.110 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300020 ER PT J AU Weber, WJ Wang, LM Zhang, YW Jiang, WL Bae, IT AF Weber, William J. Wang, Lumin Zhang, Yanwen Jiang, Weilin Bae, In-Tae TI Effects of dynamic recovery on amorphization kinetics in 6H-SiC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE silicon carbide; amorphization; irradiation effects; ionization effects; recovery ID IRRADIATION-INDUCED CRYSTALLINE; SIC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SILICON-CARBIDE; AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; IMPLANTATION; TEMPERATURE; CERAMICS; DAMAGE AB Irradiation-induced amorphization in 6H-SiC has been previously studied as a function of irradiation temperature for electrons and ions ranging from Ne to An. Analysis of these data with a dynamic model for amorphization reveals that the amorphization dose increases and the critical amorphization temperature decreases as the ratio of in-cascade ionization to displacement rates increases. Model fits to the data yield the ratio of radiation-induced recovery cross section, a,, to damage cross section, sigma(d), and an activation energy of 0.12 +/- 0.01 eV for irradiation-induced recovery. The critical temperature exhibits a linear dependence on 1/ln(sigma(r)/sigma(d)), consistent with the model. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weber, William J.; Zhang, Yanwen; Jiang, Weilin; Bae, In-Tae] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wang, Lumin] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Weber, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-87, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bill.weber@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2793 EP 2796 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.119 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300030 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Bae, IT Weber, WJ AF Zhang, Y. Bae, In-Tae Weber, W. J. TI Atomic collision and ionization effects in oxides SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE irradiation effects; amorphization; atomic collision; ionization ID DISPLACEMENT ENERGIES; INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; DAMAGE EVOLUTION; SUBLATTICES; TITANATES; CERAMICS AB Irradiation with ions and electrons provides accelerated study of radiation damage in nuclear materials, such as those proposed for immobilization of actinides and long-lived fission products. The effects of ion irradiation in SrTiO3, Sm2Ti2O7 and Sr2Nd8(SiO4)(6)O-2, as representative materials, are studied using 1 MeV Au+ ions. The irradiation-induced disorder, due to atomic collisions processes, increases nonlinearly with irradiation dose and is well described by a disorder accumulation model that includes contributions from amorphous domains, point defects and defect clusters. Ionization from 200 keV electrons induces recrystallization at the amorphous/crystalline (a/c) interface that exhibits several distinct stages associated with residual defect annihilation near the interface, epitaxial regrowth at the interface and a surface-stabilized amorphous state. Understanding ionization effects and the coupled effects of electronic and atomic dynamics on material behavior is a challenging area for scientific research. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Y.; Bae, In-Tae; Weber, W. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-87, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2828 EP 2833 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.197 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300038 ER PT J AU Sickafus, KE Ishimaru, M Hirotsu, Y Usov, IO Valdez, JA Hosemann, P Johnson, AL Thao, TT AF Sickafus, K. E. Ishimaru, M. Hirotsu, Y. Usov, I. O. Valdez, J. A. Hosemann, P. Johnson, A. L. Thao, T. T. TI Compositional analyses of ion-irradiation-induced phases in delta-Sc4Zr3O12 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE ion irradiation; ceramic oxides; fluorite; bixbyite; phase transformation AB Compositional analyses were performed on a delta-Sc4Zr3O12 oxide sample following irradiation with 300 keV Kr++ ions to a fluence of 3 x 10(20) Kr/m(2) at cryogenic temperature (100 K). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and depth profile X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the cation sublattice in the near-surface region of the irradiated sample consists of at least 40% Zr. This is an unexpected result because this region has an irradiation-induced crystal structure known as bixbyite (C-rare-earth), which is a different phase than the unirradiated material and is a phase that normally does not accommodate large quantities of a tetravalent species such as Zr4+. To our knowledge, this is by far the largest concentration of Zr ever observed in a Sc2O3-ZrO2 bixbyite compound. The radiation-induced transformation Of delta-Sc4Zr3O12 into a bixbyite-structured phase is also discussed in relation to the Sc2O3-ZrO2 phase diagram. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sickafus, K. E.; Usov, I. O.; Valdez, J. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ishimaru, M.; Hirotsu, Y.] Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Osaka 5670047, Japan. [Hosemann, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Johnson, A. L.; Thao, T. T.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Sickafus, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kurt@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 2892 EP 2897 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.227 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300050 ER PT J AU Jonnet, J Van Uffelen, P Wiss, T Staicu, D Remy, B Rest, J AF Jonnet, J. Van Uffelen, P. Wiss, T. Staicu, D. Remy, B. Rest, J. TI Growth mechanisms of interstitial loops in alpha-doped UO2 samples SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE nuclear fuel; UO2; alpha-emitters; interstitial loops; electron microscopy; interstitial re-solution; loop coalescence ID GRAIN SUBDIVISION; DIFFUSION; URANIUM; FUELS AB New experimental size distributions are presented for interstitial-type dislocation loops in (U, Pu)O-2 samples after 4 and 7 years of self-irradiation along with a new model. For this model, the work of Hayns has been extended to doped materials and to take into account additional phenomena, namely re-solution and coalescence as applied to gas bubble precipitation. The calculations are compared to the experimental size distributions obtained by means of Transmission Electron Microscopy for two different storage times. The role of re-solution and coalescence is discussed based on this model. This constitutes a basis for modelling the high burn-up structure (HBS) formation which is a consequence of the accumulation of radiation damage in nuclear fuels. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jonnet, J.] Delft Univ Technol, Reactor Inst Delft, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. [Van Uffelen, P.; Wiss, T.; Staicu, D.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Remy, B.] ENSEM INPL, CNRS UMR 7563, Lab Energet & Mecan Theor & Appliquee, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Rest, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jonnet, J (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Reactor Inst Delft, Mekelweg 15, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. EM j.r.jonnet@tudelft.nl NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 3008 EP 3012 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.154 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300076 ER PT J AU Bae, IT Zhang, Y Weber, WJ Ishimaru, M Hirotsu, Y Higuchi, M AF Bae, I. -T. Zhang, Y. Weber, W. J. Ishimaru, M. Hirotsu, Y. Higuchi, M. TI Temperature dependence of electron-beam induced effects in amorphous apatite SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-14) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2007 CL Univ Caen, Caen, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, GANIL, CIRIL, ENSICAEN HO Univ Caen DE apatite silicate; recrystallization; transmission electron microscopy; electron irradiation; electron hammering ID INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ND-9.33(SIO4)(6)O-2; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION; RADIATION; CERAMICS AB Irradiation effects on pre-amorphized Sr2Nd8(SiO4)(6)O-2 have been investigated under 200 and 300 keV electron-beam (e-beam) irradiation at 130 and 480 K using in situ transmission electron microscopy. At 480 K, recrystallization occurred from the amorphous/crystalline interface under both 200 and 300 keV e-beam irradiation. At 130 K, the 200 keV e-beam irradiation induced recrystallization only; however, 300 keV e-beam irradiation induced both recrystallization and an electron hammering effect in the amorphous material that resulted in radial expansion perpendicular to the incident e-beam direction and shrinkage parallel to the e-beam direction. Ionization-induced processes and knock-on displacement damage are suggested to be the mechanisms for the recrystallization and the electron hammering effect, respectively. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bae, I. -T.; Zhang, Y.; Weber, W. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ishimaru, M.; Hirotsu, Y.] Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Osaka 5670047, Japan. [Higuchi, M.] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. RP Bae, IT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM intae.bae@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUN PY 2008 VL 266 IS 12-13 BP 3037 EP 3042 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.160 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 327HX UT WOS:000257721300082 ER PT J AU Schiffer, JP AF Schiffer, John P. TI Perspective on the development of nuclear physics in the past 100 years SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE historic perspective ID MESON THEORY; ELECTRON; ELEMENTS; PROTONS; FORCES AB The course of nuclear physics is reviewed in the period from just before Hideki Yukawa's birth through the middle of the 20th century. Some information on Yukawa's first paper is presented. Then some general observations about the present state of the field of nuclear physics and of science are given. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schiffer, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 98C EP 111C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.231 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100016 ER PT J AU Dean, DJ AF Dean, D. J. TI Progress and challenges in the theory of nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE nuclear theory; many-body theory ID SYSTEMS; CONTINUUM; FIELD; MODEL AB Nuclear theory today aims for a comprehensive theoretical framework that can describe all nuclei. I discuss recent progress in this pursuit and the associated challenges as we move forward. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dean, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 145C EP 154C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.235 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100020 ER PT J AU Vanderhaeghen, M AF Vanderhaeghen, Marc TI Overview of nucleon structure studies SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE nucleon electromagnetic form factors; generalized parton distributions; nucleon excitation spectrum ID GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; PROTON AB A brief overview of the recent activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors is presented. It is discussed how the quality of the data has been greatly improved by performing double polarization experiments, and the role of two-photon exchange processes will be highlighted. The spatial information on the quark charge distribibutions in the nucleon resulting from the form factors measurements will be discussed, as well as the steady rate of improvements made in the lattice QCD calculations. It is discussed how generalized parton distributions have emerged as a unifying theme in hadron physics linking the spatial densities extracted from form factors with the quark momentum distribution information residing in quark structure functions. The recent progress in the electromagnetic excitation of the Delta(1232) resonance will also briefly be discussed. C1 [Vanderhaeghen, Marc] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Vanderhaeghen, Marc] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Vanderhaeghen, M (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM marcvdh@jlab.org NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 210C EP 220C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.244 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100027 ER PT J AU Fries, RJ AF Fries, Rainer J. TI Quark and gluon degrees of freedom in high-energy heavy ion collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions; quantum chromodynamics ID COLLABORATION; MATTER AB I discuss some recent progress in our understanding of high energy nuclear collisions. I will focus on two topics which I was lucky to co-pioneer in the recent past. One is recombination of quarks and its interpretation as a signal for deconfinement, the second is electromagnetic radiation from jets passing through a quark gluon plasma. This talk was given during the award ceremony for the 2007 IUPAP Young Scientist Award. C1 [Fries, Rainer J.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fries, Rainer J.] RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fries, RJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rjfries@comp.tamu.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 242C EP 249C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.250 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100030 ER PT J AU Thomas, AW AF Thomas, Anthony W. TI WG.9: The IUPAP Working Group on international cooperation in nuclear physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE international cooperation; nuclear physics AB We outline the history, purpose, achievements and aims of the latest Working Group created by the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Thomas, AW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 271C EP 273C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.256 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100033 ER PT J AU Sakaguchi, T AF Sakaguchi, Takao TI Measurement of electro-magnetic radiation at RHIC-PHENIX SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE direct photons; dileptons; Au plus Au; p plus p; RHIC; PHENIX; QGP; pQCD ID DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION; COLLISIONS AB Recent results on direct photons and dileptons from the PHENIX experiment opened up a possibility of landscaping electro-magnetic radiation over various kinetic energies in heavy ion collisions. Results on direct photon measurement in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV are discussed from the point of view of structure function and isospin effect. It is supported by the first measurement of direct photons at root s(NN)=62.4 GeV in the same collisional system. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sakaguchi, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM takao@bnl.gov NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 355C EP 360C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.261 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100043 ER PT J AU de Jager, K AF de Jager, Kees TI Future research program at JLab: 12 GeV and beyond SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference CY JUN 03-08, 2007 CL Tokyo Int Forum, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Tokyo Int Forum DE electromagnetic processes and properties; electroweak interactions; polarized beams; polarized and other targets AB The project to upgrade the CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab to 12 GeV is presented. Most of the research program supporting that upgrade, will require a highly polarized beam, as will be illustrated by a few selected examples. To carry out that research program will require an extensively upgraded instrumentation in two of the existing experimental halls and the addition of a fourth hall. The plans for a high-luminosity electron-ion collider are briefly discussed. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM kees@jlab.org NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 805 BP 494C EP 501C DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.02.284 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 320FC UT WOS:000257218100061 ER PT J AU Bowman, CD Bowman, DC Hill, T Long, J Tonchev, AP Tornow, W Trouw, F Vogel, S Walter, RL Wender, S Yuan, V AF Bowman, C. D. Bowman, D. C. Hill, T. Long, J. Tonchev, A. P. Tornow, W. Trouw, F. Vogel, Sven Walter, R. L. Wender, S. Yuan, V. TI Measurements of thermal neutron diffraction and inelastic scattering in reactor-grade graphite SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB High-resolution Bragg-edge transmission measurements were conducted on granular as well as solid samples of graphite to understand the basis for a bulk measurement of the diffusion length 24% larger than predicted by MCNP5 for bulk reactor-grade graphite. High resolution enabled a measurement of the total diffraction cross section from 1 to 200 meV. This was subtracted from the total cross section to find the inelastic cross section in the same energy range. Small-angle scattering, which has been thought to contribute to the total cross section in the region of the lowest Bragg edge, is shown not to be present in our measurement or in those of others claiming to find it. Instead, neutron total reflection from the surface of graphite microcrystals is shown to contribute to the cross section at low energies. Reactor-grade graphite is shown to have an inelastic scattering cross section over most of the energy range larger by at least 10 than the nearly perfect crystal structure of pyrolytic graphite. The ratio of inelastic scattering to diffraction at 25 meV for our graphite is inferred to be twice as large as that of graphite manufactured 50 yr ago, and we believe that our larger diffusion coefficient is rooted in this difference. The distortions in the microcrystalline structure introduced in the manufacturing of the graphite studied here at 24 degrees C are found to be equivalent to the uncertainty in atom positions seen in heating perfect crystal graphite to a temperature of similar to 1800 degrees C. C1 [Bowman, C. D.; Bowman, D. C.] ADNA Corp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Hill, T.; Long, J.; Trouw, F.; Vogel, Sven; Wender, S.; Yuan, V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tonchev, A. P.; Tornow, W.; Walter, R. L.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Bowman, CD (reprint author), ADNA Corp, 1045 Los Pueblos, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM cbowman@cybermesa.com RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 159 IS 2 BP 182 EP 198 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 305EZ UT WOS:000256161900005 ER PT J AU Dietrich, FS Anderson, JD Bauer, RW Grimes, SM McNabb, DP AF Dietrich, F. S. Anderson, J. D. Bauer, R. W. Grimes, S. M. McNabb, D. P. TI Modeling of high-precision neutron nonelastic cross sections SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE RAMSAUER MODEL; OPTICAL-MODEL; ELASTIC-SCATTERING AB A new method has been applied to the determination of neutron nonelastic cross sections for iron 56 Fe and lead 208 Pb for energies between 5 and 26 MeV. These data have estimated errors of only a few percent and do not suffer from the ambiguities encountered in earlier nonelastic data. We attempt to fit these high-precision data using both a semiclassical single phase shift model (nuclear Ramsauer model) as well as a recent global optical model that well reproduces a wide body of neutron scattering observables. At the 5% uncertainty level, both models produce satisfactory fits. However, neither model gives satisfactory fits to these new precise data. We conclude that fitting precise data, i.e., data with errors of similar to 2% or less, may require a nuclear mass dependence of radii that reflects structure effects such as shell closures. C1 [Dietrich, F. S.; Anderson, J. D.; Bauer, R. W.; Grimes, S. M.; McNabb, D. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dietrich, FS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM dietrich2@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 159 IS 2 BP 213 EP 220 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 305EZ UT WOS:000256161900007 ER PT J AU Boer, B Ougouag, AM Kloosterman, JL Miller, GK AF Boer, B. Ougouag, A. M. Kloosterman, J. L. Miller, G. K. TI Stress analysis of coated particle fuel in graphite of high-temperature reactors SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high-temperature reactors; stress analysis; coated particle fuel ID IRRADIATION; PERFORMANCE; CREEP; MODEL; BEHAVIOR AB The PArticle STress Analysis (PASTA) code was written to evaluate stresses in coated particle fuel embedded in graphite of high-temperature reactors (HTRs). Existing models for predicting stresses in coated particle fuels were extended with a treatment of stresses induced by dimensional change of the matrix graphite and stresses caused by neighboring particles. PASTA was applied to two practical cases in order to evaluate the significance of this model extension. Thermal hydraulics, neutronics, and fuel depletion calculation tools were used to calculate the fuel conditions in these cases. Stresses in the first fuel loading of the High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) and in the fuel of a 400-MW(thermal) pebble bed reactor were analyzed. It is found that the presence of the matrix material plays a significant role in the determination of the stresses that apply to a single isolated TRISO particle as well as in the transmittal of the stresses between particles in actual pebble designs. C1 [Boer, B.; Kloosterman, J. L.] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. [Ougouag, A. M.; Miller, G. K.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Boer, B (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Mekelweg 15, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. EM b.boer@tudelft.nl RI Ougouag, Abderrafi/A-9499-2009 OI Ougouag, Abderrafi/0000-0003-4436-380X NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 162 IS 3 BP 276 EP 292 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 304QC UT WOS:000256123000002 ER PT J AU Allen, TR Sridharan, K Tan, L Windes, WE Cole, JI Crawford, DC Was, GS AF Allen, T. R. Sridharan, K. Tan, L. Windes, W. E. Cole, J. I. Crawford, D. C. Was, Gary S. TI Materials challenges for Generation IV nuclear energy systems SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; STAINLESS-STEEL; LEAD-BISMUTH; PB-BI; REACTOR; TEMPERATURE; IRRADIATION; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN AB The U.S. Department of Energy is sponsoring the Generation IV Initiative in the United States for the purposes of developing future-generation nuclear energy systems. Six systems have been selected for Generation IV consideration: gas-cooled fast reactor, lead-cooled fast reactor, molten salt-cooled reactor, sodium-cooled fast reactor, supercritical water-cooled reactor, and very high temperature reactor. Critical to the development of Generation IV concepts is successful development and deployment of materials that operate successfully in the aggressive operating environments envisioned in the Generation IV concepts. This paper summarizes the Generation IV operating environments and describes materials challenges and potential solutions, including crosscutting solutions applicable to multiple Generation IV concepts. C1 [Allen, T. R.; Sridharan, K.; Tan, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Windes, W. E.; Cole, J. I.; Crawford, D. C.] Idaho Natl Lab W, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Was, Gary S.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Allen, TR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM allen@engr.wisc.edu RI Tan, Lizhen/A-7886-2009; OI Tan, Lizhen/0000-0002-3418-2450; Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259; Crawford, Douglas/0000-0001-5639-7885; Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846 NR 96 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 162 IS 3 BP 342 EP 357 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 304QC UT WOS:000256123000007 ER PT J AU Schneider, EA Sailor, WC AF Schneider, Erich A. Sailor, William C. TI Long-term uranium supply estimates SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE resource sustainability; uranium supply; uranium economics AB We address the long-term uranium supply from first principles, summarizing estimates of the abundance of uranium in the crust of the earth as a function of concentration and accessibility. Defining the supply curve as a functional relationship between the cumulative quantity of uranium extracted and the cost of extracting the next unit of uranium, we note that a supply curve requires a crustal abundance model plus a correlation between ore grade and extraction cost. Surveying a number of supply curves that appear in the literature, we observe that while estimates vary widely (we observe an order of magnitude difference in forecasts of the quantity of uranium available at $100/kg U or less), they generally reflect expectations that uranium availability will be significantly greater than the Red Book numbers imply. Furthermore, by comparison with historical data for more than 40 other minerals, we show that the assumption of time invariance when formulating a supply curve is not borne out by experience. In fact, the price of most other minerals has decreased with time as well as with cumulative quantity extracted. Neither the Red Book nor the other supply curves we survey explicitly accounts for the unit-based technological learning that fosters this behavior. C1 [Schneider, Erich A.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Sailor, William C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schneider, EA (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, 1 Univ Stn,C2200, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM eschneider@mail.utexas.edu NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 162 IS 3 BP 379 EP 387 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 304QC UT WOS:000256123000009 ER PT J AU Paap, B Wilson, DM Sutherland, BM AF Paap, Brigitte Wilson, David M., III Sutherland, Betsy M. TI Human abasic endonuclease action on multilesion abasic clusters: implications for radiation-induced biological damage SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-DAMAGE; IONIZING-RADIATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; EXONUCLEASE-III; EXCISION-REPAIR; MAJOR HUMAN; SITE AB Clustered damagestwo or more closely opposed abasic sites, oxidized bases or strand breaksare induced in DNA by ionizing radiation and by some radiomimetic drugs. They are potentially mutagenic or lethal. High complexity, multilesion clusters (three or more lesions) are hypothesized as repair-resistant and responsible for the greater biological damage induced by high linear energy transfer radiation (e.g. charged particles) than by low linear energy transfer X- or gamma-rays. We tested this hypothesis by assessing human abasic endonuclease Ape1 activity on two- and multiple-lesion abasic clusters. We constructed cluster-containing oligonucleotides using a central variable cassette with abasic site(s) at specific locations, and 5 and 3 terminal segments tagged with visually distinctive fluorophores. The results indicate that in two- or multiple-lesion clusters, the spatial arrangement of uni-sided positive [in which the opposing strand lesion(s) is 3 to the base opposite the reference lesion)] or negative polarity [opposing strand lesion(s) 5 to the base opposite the reference lesion] abasic clusters is key in determining Ape1 cleavage efficiency. However, no bipolar clusters (minimally three-lesions) were good Ape1 substrates. The data suggest an underlying molecular mechanism for the higher levels of biological damage associated with agents producing complex clusters: the induction of highly repair-resistant bipolar clusters. C1 [Paap, Brigitte; Sutherland, Betsy M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Wilson, David M., III] NIA, Lab Mol Gerontol, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Sutherland, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM bms@bnl.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA086897, R01 CA86897] NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2717 EP 2727 DI 10.1093/nar/gkn118 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 299ML UT WOS:000255759600026 PM 18353858 ER PT J AU Yannone, SM Khan, IS Zhou, RZ Zhou, T Valerie, K Povirk, LF AF Yannone, Steven M. Khan, Imran S. Zhou, Rui-Zhe Zhou, Tong Valerie, Kristoffer Povirk, Lawrence F. TI Coordinate 5 ' and 3 ' endonucleolytic trimming of terminally blocked blunt DNA double-strand break ends by Artemis nuclease and DNA-dependent protein kinase SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID 3'-PHOSPHOGLYCOLATE TERMINI; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; REPAIR; BLEOMYCIN; DAMAGE; KU; NEOCARZINOSTATIN; ENDONUCLEASE; DEFICIENCY AB Previous work showed that, in the presence of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), Artemis slowly trims 3-phosphoglycolate-terminated blunt ends. To examine the trimming reaction in more detail, long internally labeled DNA substrates were treated with Artemis. In the absence of DNA-PK, Artemis catalyzed extensive 53 exonucleolytic resection of double-stranded DNA. This resection required a 5-phosphate, but did not require ATP, and was accompanied by endonucleolytic cleavage of the resulting 3 overhang. In the presence of DNA-PK, Artemis-mediated trimming was more limited, was ATP-dependent and did not require a 5-phosphate. For a blunt end with either a 3-phosphoglycolate or 3-hydroxyl terminus, endonucleolytic trimming of 24 nucleotides from the 3-terminal strand was accompanied by trimming of 6 nt from the 5-terminal strand. The results suggest that autophosphorylated DNA-PK suppresses the exonuclease activity of Artemis toward blunt-ended DNA, and promotes slow and limited endonucleolytic trimming of the 5-terminal strand, resulting in short 3 overhangs that are trimmed endonucleolytically. Thus, Artemis and DNA-PK can convert terminally blocked DNA ends of diverse geometry and chemical structure to a form suitable for polymerase-mediated patching and ligation, with minimal loss of terminal sequence. Such processing could account for the very small deletions often found at DNA double-strand break repair sites. C1 [Yannone, Steven M.; Khan, Imran S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Valerie, Kristoffer] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Massey Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Povirk, LF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lpovirk@vcu.edu RI Yannone, Steven/G-1927-2011; OI Khan, Imran/0000-0003-4570-4143 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA72955, CA104660, CA40615, P01 CA072955, R01 CA040615, R01 CA104660]; NIA NIH HHS [AG023783, R01 AG023783] NR 26 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 10 BP 3354 EP 3365 DI 10.1093/nar/gkn205 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 319SC UT WOS:000257183200019 PM 18440975 ER PT J AU Vassilevski, PS Zikatanov, LT AF Vassilevski, Panayot S. Zikatanov, Ludmil T. TI Advanced multigrid methods for systems of PDEs SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zikatanov, Ludmil T.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Vassilevski, PS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Zikatanov, Ludmil/F-9365-2010 OI Zikatanov, Ludmil/0000-0002-5189-4230 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 5 BP 393 EP 393 DI 10.1002/nla.557 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 315QM UT WOS:000256894500001 ER PT J AU Kolev, TV Pasciak, JE Vassilevski, PS AF Kolev, Tzanio V. Pasciak, Joseph E. Vassilevski, Panayot S. TI H(curl) auxiliary mesh preconditioning SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Minisymposium on Advanced Multigrid Methods for Systems of PEDs CY JUL 03-07, 2006 CL St Wolfgang, AUSTRIA DE auxiliary mesh preconditioning; H(curl) problems; Nedelec spaces ID FINITE-ELEMENTS AB This paper analyses a two-level preconditioning scheme for H(curl) bilinear forms. The scheme utilizes an auxiliary problem on a related mesh that is more amenable for constructing optimal order multigrid methods. More specifically, we analyse the case when the auxiliary mesh only approximately covers the original domain. The latter assumption is important since it allows for easy construction of nested multilevel spaces on regular auxiliary meshes. Numerical experiments in both two and three space dimensions illustrate the optimal performance of the method. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Kolev, Tzanio V.; Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sc Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Pasciak, Joseph E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Vassilevski, PS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sc Comp, POB 808,L-560, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM panayot@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 5 BP 455 EP 471 DI 10.1002/nla.534 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 315QM UT WOS:000256894500005 ER PT J AU Notay, Y Vassilevski, PS AF Notay, Yvan Vassilevski, Panayot S. TI Recursive Krylov-based multigrid cycles SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Minisymposium on Advanced Multigrid Methods for Systems of PEDs CY JUL 03-07, 2006 CL St Wolfgang, AUSTRIA DE recursive multilevel Krylov iterations; variable-step multilevel preconditioning; flexible conjugate gradients; multigrid; Krylov subspace method; conjugate gradients; preconditioning AB We consider multigrid (MG) cycles based on the recursive use of a two-grid method, in which the coarse-grid system is solved by mu >= 1 steps of a Krylov subspace iterative method. The approach is further extended by allowing such inner iterations only at the levels of given multiplicity, whereas V-cycle formulation is used at all other levels. For symmetric positive definite systems and symmetric MG schemes, we consider a flexible (or generalized) conjugate gradient method as Krylov subspace solver for both inner and outer iterations. Then, based on some algebraic (block matrix) properties of the V-cycle MG viewed as a preconditioner, we show that the method can have optimal convergence properties if mu is chosen to be sufficiently large. We also formulate conditions that guarantee both, optimal complexity and convergence, bounded independently of the number of levels. Our analysis shows that the method is, at least, as effective as the standard W-cycle, whereas numerical results illustrate that it can be much faster than the latter, and actually more robust than predicted by the theory. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Notay, Yvan] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Metrol Nucl, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Notay, Y (reprint author), Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Metrol Nucl, CP 165-84,50 Av FD Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM ynotay@ulb.ac.be NR 24 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 5 BP 473 EP 487 DI 10.1002/nla.542 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 315QM UT WOS:000256894500006 ER PT J AU Moscato, F AF Moscato, F. CA CDF Comp Grp TI CDF experience of the Grid SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA B-GENERAL PHYSICS RELATIVITY ASTRONOMY AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS AND METHODS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Italian Meeting on High Energy Physics CY MAR 26-28, 2008 CL Bologna, ITALY AB The improvement of the luminosity of the Tevatron collider requires a large increase in computing requirements for the CDF experiment which has to be able to increase proportionally the, amount, of Monte Carlo data it, produces. This is forcing the CDF Collaboration to move beyond the dedicated resources and start exploiting Grid resources. This paper presents the two main CDF projects to exploit the different Grid resources: NamCAF and LCGCAF. C1 [Moscato, F.] INFN Padova, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Moscato, F (reprint author), INFN Padova, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ITALIANA FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1594-9982 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO B JI Nouvo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. B-Gen. Phys. Relativ. Astron. Math. Phys. Methods PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 123 IS 6-7 BP 947 EP 949 DI 10.1393/ncb/i2008-10645-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 408UF UT WOS:000263459800077 ER PT J AU Van Brabant, B Gray, T Verslyppe, B Kyrpides, N Dietrich, K Glockner, FO Cole, J Farris, R Schriml, LM De Vos, P De Baets, B Field, D Dawyndt, P AF Van Brabant, Bart Gray, Tanya Verslyppe, Bert Kyrpides, Nikos Dietrich, Karin Gloeckner, Frank Oliver Cole, James Farris, Ryan Schriml, Lynn M. De Vos, Paul De Baets, Bernard Field, Dawn Dawyndt, Peter CA Genomic Stand Consortium TI Laying the foundation for a genomic rosetta stone: Creating information hubs through the use of consensus identifiers SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND ID DATABASE; INTEGRATION; METADATA; RESOURCE; PROJECT; SYSTEM AB Given the growing wealth of downstream information, the integration of molecular and non-molecular data on a given organism has become a major challenge. For micro-organisms, this information now includes a growing collection of sequenced genes and complete genomes, and for communities of organisms it includes metagenomes. Integration of the data is facilitated by the existence of authoritative, community-recognized, consensus identifiers that may form the heart of so-called information knuckles. The Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) is building a mapping of identifiers across a group of federated databases with the aim to improve navigation across these resources and to enable the integration of this information in the near future. In particular, this is possible because of the existence of INSDC Genome Project Identifiers (GPIDs) and accession numbers, and the ability of the community to define new consensus identifiers such as the culture identifiers used in the StrainInfo. net bioportal. Here we outline ( 1) the general design of the Genomic Rosetta Stone project, ( 2) introduce example linkages between key databases ( that cover information about genomes, 16S rRNA gene sequences, and microbial biological resource centers), and ( 3) make an open call for participation in this project by providing a vision for its future use. C1 [Verslyppe, Bert; Dawyndt, Peter] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Math & Comp Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Van Brabant, Bart; Verslyppe, Bert; De Vos, Paul] Univ Ghent, Microbiol Lab, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Gray, Tanya; De Baets, Bernard] Oxford Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Mol Evolut & Bioinformat, Oxford, England. [Kyrpides, Nikos] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Dietrich, Karin; Gloeckner, Frank Oliver] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, Bremen, Germany. [Dietrich, Karin; Gloeckner, Frank Oliver] Jacobs Univ Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany. [Cole, James; Farris, Ryan] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schriml, Lynn M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Schriml, Lynn M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [De Vos, Paul] Univ Ghent, BCCM TM, LMG Bacteria Collect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [De Baets, Bernard] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Math Biometr & Proc Control, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Dawyndt, P (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Math & Comp Sci, Krijgslaan 281 S9, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM Peter.Dawyndt@UGent.be RI Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; De Baets, Bernard/E-8877-2010; Dawyndt, Peter/A-1566-2013; De Vos, Paul/J-5392-2013; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI De Baets, Bernard/0000-0002-3876-620X; Dawyndt, Peter/0000-0002-1623-9070; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Gray, Tanya/0000-0003-1561-7364; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.0020 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700003 PM 18479205 ER PT J AU Hirschman, L Clark, C Cohen, KB Mardis, S Luciano, J Kottmann, R Cole, J Markowitz, V Kyrpides, N Morrison, N Schriml, LM Field, D AF Hirschman, Lynette Clark, Cheryl Cohen, K. Bretonnel Mardis, Scott Luciano, Joanne Kottmann, Renzo Cole, James Markowitz, Victor Kyrpides, Nikos Morrison, Norman Schriml, Lynn M. Field, Dawn CA Novo Project TI Habitat-Lite: A GSC case study based on free text terms for environmental metadata SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND ID DATABASE; INFORMATION; COLLECTION; GENOMES; SYSTEM AB There is an urgent need to capture metadata on the rapidly growing number of genomic, metagenomic and related sequences, such as 16S ribosomal genes. This need is a major focus within the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC), and Habitat is a key metadata descriptor in the proposed "Minimum Information about a Genome Sequence" (MIGS) specification. The goal of the work described here is to provide a light-weight, easy-to-use (small) set of terms ("Habitat-Lite") that captures high-level information about habitat while preserving a mapping to the recently launched Environment Ontology (EnvO). Our motivation for building Habitat-Lite is to meet the needs of multiple users, such as annotators curating these data, database providers hosting the data, and biologists and bioinformaticians alike who need to search and employ such data in comparative analyses. Here, we report a case study based on semiautomated identification of terms from GenBank and GOLD. We estimate that the terms in the initial version of Habitat-Lite would provide useful labels for over 60% of the kinds of information found in the GenBank isolation_source field, and around 85% of the terms in the GOLD habitat field. We present a revised version of Habitat-Lite defined within the EnvO Environmental Ontology through a new category, EnvO-Lite-GSC. We invite the community's feedback on its further development to provide a minimum list of terms to capture high-level habitat information and to provide classification bins needed for future studies. C1 [Hirschman, Lynette; Clark, Cheryl; Cohen, K. Bretonnel; Mardis, Scott; Luciano, Joanne] Mitre Corp, Ctr Informat Technol, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. [Kottmann, Renzo] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Kottmann, Renzo] Univ Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Cole, James] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kyrpides, Nikos] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Morrison, Norman] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Schriml, Lynn M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, HSFI, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Schriml, Lynn M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, HSFI, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Field, Dawn] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, Oxon, England. RP Hirschman, L (reprint author), Mitre Corp, Ctr Informat Technol, 202 Burlington Rd, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. EM lynette@mitre.org RI Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851 NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.0016 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700004 PM 18416669 ER PT J AU Angiuoli, SV Gussman, A Klimke, W Cochrane, G Field, D Garrity, G Kodira, CD Kyrpides, N Madupu, R Markowitz, V Tatusova, T Thomson, N White, O AF Angiuoli, Samuel V. Gussman, Aaron Klimke, William Cochrane, Guy Field, Dawn Garrity, George Kodira, Chinnappa D. Kyrpides, Nikos Madupu, Ramana Markowitz, Victor Tatusova, Tatiana Thomson, Nick White, Owen TI Toward an online repository of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for (Meta) genomic annotation SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND ID RESOURCE INTEGRATION CENTER; SEQUENCE; DATABASE; INFORMATION; BIOLOGY; ERRORS; GENES; TOOL AB The methodologies used to generate genome and metagenome annotations are diverse and vary between groups and laboratories. Descriptions of the annotation process are helpful in interpreting genome annotation data. Some groups have produced Standard Operating Procedures ( SOPs) that describe the annotation process, but standards are lacking for structure and content of these descriptions. In addition, there is no central repository to store and disseminate procedures and protocols for genome annotation. We highlight the importance of SOPs for genome annotation and endorse an online repository of SOPs. C1 [Angiuoli, Samuel V.; Gussman, Aaron; White, Owen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Angiuoli, Samuel V.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Klimke, William; Tatusova, Tatiana] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cochrane, Guy] EMBL European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. [Field, Dawn] Oxford Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Mol Evolut & Bioinformat Sect, Oxford, England. [Garrity, George] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kodira, Chinnappa D.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Kyrpides, Nikos] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Madupu, Ramana] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomson, Nick] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Pathogen Sequencing Unit, Cambridge, England. RP Angiuoli, SV (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM sangiuoli@som.umaryland.edu RI Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; Garrity, George/F-7551-2013; Angiuoli, Samuel/H-7340-2014; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Garrity, George/0000-0002-4465-7034; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Cochrane, Guy/0000-0001-7954-7057; Angiuoli, Samuel/0000-0001-9525-4350 FU PHS HHS [HHSN2662004000386] NR 31 TC 102 Z9 104 U1 3 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 137 EP 141 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.0017 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700005 PM 18416670 ER PT J AU Gil, IS Sheldon, W Schmidt, T Servilla, M Aguilar, R Gries, C Gray, T Field, D Cole, J Pan, JY Palanisamy, G Henshaw, D O'Brien, M Kinkel, L McMahon, K Kottmann, R Amaral-Zettler, L Hobbie, J Goldstein, P Guralnick, RP Brunt, J Michener, WK AF Gil, Inigo San Sheldon, Wade Schmidt, Tom Servilla, Mark Aguilar, Raul Gries, Corinna Gray, Tanya Field, Dawn Cole, James Pan, Jerry Yun Palanisamy, Giri Henshaw, Donald O'Brien, Margaret Kinkel, Linda McMahon, Katherine Kottmann, Renzo Amaral-Zettler, Linda Hobbie, John Goldstein, Philip Guralnick, Robert P. Brunt, James Michener, William K. TI Defining linkages between the GSC and NSF's LTER program: How the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) relates to GCDML and other outcomes SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND AB The Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) invited a representative of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) to its fifth workshop to present the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) metadata standard and its relationship to the Minimum Information about a Genome/Metagenome Sequence (MIGS/MIMS) and its implementation, the Genomic Contextual Data Markup Language (GCDML). The LTER is one of the top National Science Foundation (NSF) programs in biology since 1980, representing diverse ecosystems and creating long-term, interdisciplinary research, synthesis of information, and theory. The adoption of EML as the LTER network standard has been key to building network synthesis architectures based on high-quality standardized metadata. EML is the NSF-recognized metadata standard for LTER, and EML is a criteria used to review the LTER program progress. At the workshop, a potential crosswalk between the GCDML and EML was explored. Also, collaboration between the LTER and GSC developers was proposed to join efforts toward a common metadata cataloging designer's tool. The community adoption success of a metadata standard depends, among other factors, on the tools and trainings developed to use the standard. LTER's experience in embracing EML may help GSC to achieve similar success. A possible collaboration between LTER and GSC to provide training opportunities for GCDML and the associated tools is being explored. Finally, LTER is investigating EML enhancements to better accommodate genomics data, possibly integrating the GCDML schema into EML. All these action items have been accepted by the LTER contingent, and further collaboration between the GSC and LTER is expected. C1 [Gil, Inigo San; Servilla, Mark; Brunt, James; Michener, William K.] Univ New Mexico, LTER Network Off, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sheldon, Wade] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schmidt, Tom; Cole, James] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Aguilar, Raul; Gries, Corinna] Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ USA. [Gray, Tanya; Field, Dawn] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, England. [Pan, Jerry Yun; Palanisamy, Giri] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Henshaw, Donald] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [O'Brien, Margaret] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kinkel, Linda] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [McMahon, Katherine] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kottmann, Renzo] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, Bremen, Germany. [Kottmann, Renzo] Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany. [Amaral-Zettler, Linda] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Hobbie, John] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Goldstein, Philip; Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Goldstein, Philip; Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Gil, IS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, LTER Network Off, Dept Biol, MSC03 2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM isangil@lternet.edu RI Guralnick, Rob/E-7767-2010; Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; Brunt, James/G-9843-2011; OI Brunt, James/0000-0001-9174-4408; Gray, Tanya/0000-0003-1561-7364; Gries, Corinna/0000-0002-9091-6543; Servilla, Mark/0000-0002-3192-7306; McMahon, Katherine D./0000-0002-7038-026X; Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-8209-6055 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.0015 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700007 PM 18407745 ER PT J AU Garrity, GM Field, D Kyrpides, N Hirschman, L Sansone, SA Angiuoli, S Cole, JR Glockner, FO Kolker, E Kowalchuk, G Moran, MA Ussery, D White, O AF Garrity, George M. Field, Dawn Kyrpides, Nikos Hirschman, Lynette Sansone, Susanna-Assunta Angiuoli, Samuel Cole, James R. Gloeckner, Frank Oliver Kolker, Eugene Kowalchuk, George Moran, Mary Ann Ussery, Dave White, Owen TI Toward a standards-compliant genomic and metagenomic publication record SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND ID DATABASE; SEQUENCE AB Increasingly, we are aware as a community of the growing need to manage the avalanche of genomic and metagenomic data, in addition to related data types like ribosomal RNA and barcode sequences, in a way that tightly integrates contextual data with traditional literature in a machine-readable way. It is for this reason that the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) formed in 2005. Here we suggest that we move beyond the development of standards and tackle standards compliance and improved data capture at the level of the scientific publication. We are supported in this goal by the fact that the scientific community is in the midst of a publishing revolution. This revolution is marked by a growing shift away from a traditional dichotomy between "journal articles" and "database entries" and an increasing adoption of hybrid models of collecting and disseminating scientific information. With respect to genomes and metagenomes and related data types, we feel the scientific community would be best served by the immediate launch of a central repository of short, highly structured "Genome Notes" that must be standards compliant. This could be done in the context of an existing journal, but we also suggest the more radical solution of launching a new journal. Such a journal could be designed to cater to a wide range of standards-related content types that are not currently centralized in the published literature. It could also support the demand for centralizing aspects of the "gray literature" ( documents developed by institutions or communities) such as the call by the GSC for a central repository of Standard Operating Procedures describing the genomic annotation pipelines of the major sequencing centers. We argue that such an"eJournal," published under the Open Access paradigm by the GSC, could be an attractive publishing forum for a broader range of standardization initiatives within, and beyond, the GSC and thereby fill an unoccupied yet increasingly important niche within the current research landscape. C1 [Garrity, George M.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Field, Dawn] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, England. [Kyrpides, Nikos] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Hirschman, Lynette] Mitre Corp, Ctr Informat Technol, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. [Sansone, Susanna-Assunta] EMBL European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. [Angiuoli, Samuel; White, Owen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Angiuoli, Samuel; White, Owen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Garrity, George M.; Cole, James R.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gloeckner, Frank Oliver] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, Bremen, Germany. [Kolker, Eugene] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Kolker, Eugene] Univ Washington, Dept Med Educ & Biomed Informat, Div Biomed & Hlth Informat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Ctr Terr Ecol, Netherlands Inst Ecol, Dept Terre Microbial Ecol, Heteren, Netherlands. [Moran, Mary Ann] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ussery, Dave] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Garrity, GM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM garrity@msu.edu RI Angiuoli, Samuel/H-7340-2014; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; Kowalchuk, George/C-4298-2011; Moran, Mary Ann/B-6939-2012; Kolker, Eugene/C-6711-2008; Garrity, George/F-7551-2013; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Moran, Mary Ann/0000-0002-0702-8167; Sansone, Susanna-Assunta/0000-0001-5306-5690; Angiuoli, Samuel/0000-0001-9525-4350; Garrity, George/0000-0002-4465-7034; Ussery, David/0000-0003-3632-5512 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E025080/1] NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 EI 1557-8100 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.A2B2 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700008 PM 18564916 ER PT J AU Wilson, JB Yamamoto, K Marriott, AS Hussain, S Sung, P Hoatlin, ME Mathew, CG Takata, M Thompson, LH Kupfer, GM Jones, NJ AF Wilson, J. B. Yamamoto, K. Marriott, A. S. Hussain, S. Sung, P. Hoatlin, M. E. Mathew, C. G. Takata, M. Thompson, L. H. Kupfer, G. M. Jones, N. J. TI FANCG promotes formation of a newly identified protein complex containing BRCA2, FANCD2 and XRCC3 SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE fanconi anemia; ATR; interstrand crosslinks; DNA repair; RAD51 paralog; replication restart; epistasis ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; HAMSTER CELL MUTANTS; DNA-REPAIR PROTEIN; CROSS-LINK REPAIR; 5 RAD51 PARALOGS; ANEMIA PATHWAY; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; COMPLEMENTATION GROUP; ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; NUCLEAR-COMPLEX AB Fanconi anemia (FA) is a human disorder characterized by cancer susceptibility and cellular sensitivity to DNA crosslinks and other damages. Thirteen complementation groups and genes are identified, including BRCA2, which is defective in the FA-D1 group. Eight of the FA proteins, including FANCG, participate in a nuclear core complex that is required for the monoubiquitylation of FANCD2 and FANCI. FANCD2, like FANCD1/BRCA2, is not part of the core complex, and we previously showed direct BRCA2-FANCD2 interaction using yeast two-hybrid analysis. We now show in human and hamster cells that expression of FANCG protein, but not the other core complex proteins, is required for co-precipitation of BRCA2 and FANCD2. We also show that phosphorylation of FANCG serine 7 is required for its co-precipitation with BRCA2, XRCC3 and FANCD2, as well as the direct interaction of BRCA2-FANCD2. These results argue that FANCG has a role independent of the FA core complex, and we propose that phosphorylation of serine 7 is the signalling event required for forming a discrete complex comprising FANCD1/BRCA2-FANCD2-FANCG- XRCC3 (D1-D2-G-X3). Cells that fail to express either phospho-Ser7-FANCG, or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. A role for D1-D2-G-X3 in homologous recombination repair (HRR) is supported by our finding that FANCG and the RAD51-paralog XRCC3 are epistatic for sensitivity to DNA crosslinking compounds in DT40 chicken cells. Our findings further define the intricate interface between FANC and HRR proteins in maintaining chromosome stability. C1 [Wilson, J. B.; Marriott, A. S.; Jones, N. J.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Biol Sci, Mol Oncol & Stem Cell Res Grp, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Yamamoto, K.; Takata, M.] Kawasaki Med Univ, Dept Immunol & Med Genet, Okayama, Japan. [Hussain, S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1QW, England. [Sung, P.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Hoatlin, M. E.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR USA. [Mathew, C. G.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR USA. [Thompson, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA USA. [Kupfer, G. M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT USA. RP Jones, NJ (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Sch Biol Sci, Mol Oncol & Stem Cell Res Grp, Biosci Bldg,Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. EM njjones@liv.ac.uk RI Jones, Nigel/D-1997-2010; Mathew, Christopher/G-3434-2015 OI Mathew, Christopher/0000-0003-4178-1838 NR 80 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 26 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 26 BP 3641 EP 3652 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1211034 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 312HH UT WOS:000256659300001 PM 18212739 ER PT J AU Kerekes, RA Kumar, BVKV AF Kerekes, Ryan A. Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya TI Selecting a composite correlation filter design: a survey and comparative study SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE correlation filters; target detection; image analysis ID CLASSIFIER CORRELATION FILTER; QUADRATIC CORRELATION FILTERS; OPTICAL-PATTERN RECOGNITION; TARGET RECOGNITION; BACKGROUND-NOISE; SAR DETECTION; IMAGES AB Many composite correlation filter designs have been proposed for solving a wide variety of target detection and pattern recognition problems. Due to the large number of available designs, however, it is often unclear how to select the best design for a particular application. We present a theoretical survey and an empirical comparison of several popular composite correlation filter designs. Using a database of rotational target imagery, we show that some such filter designs appear to be better choices than others under computational and performance constraints. We compare filter performance in terms of noise tolerance, computational load, generalization ability, and distortion in order to provide a multifaceted examination of the characteristics of various filter designs. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 [Kerekes, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Kerekes, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kerekesra@ornl.gov NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 AR 067202 DI 10.1117/1.2943217 PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA 329QP UT WOS:000257884800031 ER PT J AU van Tilborg, J Toth, C Matlis, NH Plateau, GR Leemans, WP AF van Tilborg, J. Toth, Cs. Matlis, N. H. Plateau, G. R. Leemans, W. P. TI Single-shot measurement of the spectral envelope of broad-bandwidth terahertz pulses from femtosecond electron bunches SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; BEAM AB We present a new approach (demonstrated experimentally and through modeling) to characterize the spectral envelope of a terahertz (THz) pulse in a single shot. The coherent THz pulse is produced by a femtosecond electron bunch and contains information on the bunch duration. The technique, involving a single low-power laser probe pulse, is an extension of the conventional spectral encoding method (limited in time resolution to hundreds of femtoseconds) into a regime only limited in resolution by the laser pulse length (tens of femtoseconds). While only the bunch duration is retrieved (and not the exact charge profile), such a measurement provides a useful and critical parameter for optimization of the electron accelerator. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America. C1 [van Tilborg, J.; Toth, Cs.; Matlis, N. H.; Plateau, G. R.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP van Tilborg, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jvanTilborg@lbl.gov NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1186 EP 1188 DI 10.1364/OL.33.001186 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 319II UT WOS:000257156900009 PM 18516168 ER PT J AU Castaing, M Balembois, F Georges, P Georges, T Schaffers, K Tassano, J AF Castaing, Marc Balembois, Francois Georges, Patrick Georges, Thierry Schaffers, Kathleen Tassano, John TI Diode-pumped Nd : YVO4/Yb : S-FAP laser emitting at 985 and 492.5 nm SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIBER LASER; YAG LASER; ND-YAG; OPERATION; POWER AB For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, Yb:S-FAP crystals have been intracavity pumped by a Nd:YVO4 laser at 914 nm. This original pumping scheme allows efficient laser action on the three-level transition at 985 nm with 1.4 W output power. Second-harmonic generation is also presented with a total output power of 120 mW at 492.5 nm. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America. C1 [Castaing, Marc; Balembois, Francois; Georges, Patrick] Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, Lab Charles Fabry Inst Opt, F-91127 Palaiseau, France. [Castaing, Marc; Georges, Thierry] Oxxius SA, F-22300 Lannion, France. [Schaffers, Kathleen; Tassano, John] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Castaing, M (reprint author), Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, Lab Charles Fabry Inst Opt, Campus Polytech,RD128, F-91127 Palaiseau, France. EM marc.castaing@institutoptique.fr NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1234 EP 1236 DI 10.1364/OL.33.001234 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 319II UT WOS:000257156900026 PM 18516185 ER PT J AU Huntley, JW Yanes, Y Kowalewski, M Castillo, C Delgado-Huertas, A Ibanez, M Alonso, MR Ortiz, JE de Torres, T AF Huntley, John Warren Yanes, Yurena Kowalewski, Michal Castillo, Carolina Delgado-Huertas, Antonio Ibanez, Miguel Alonso, Maria R. Ortiz, Jose E. de Torres, Trinidad TI Testing limiting similarity in Quaternary terrestrial gastropods SO PALEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SNAIL HELIX-ASPERSA; CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; LAND SNAILS; SHELL CARBONATE; CANARY-ISLANDS; SANTA-ROSALIA; BODY-SIZE; COMPETITION; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITY AB The hypothesis of limiting similarity, which postulates that morphologically and/orecologically similar species will differ enough in shape, size, or other variables to minimize competition, has been controversial among ecologists and paleoecologists. Many studies have reported the occurrence of limiting similarity in modern environments or in time-averaged fossil deposits; however, empirical high-resolution time series demonstrating limiting similarity over longer time scales are lacking. We have integrated radiocarbon-calibrated amino acid dating techniques, stable isotope estimates, and morphometric data to test the hypothesis of limiting similarity in late Quaternary land snails from the Canary Islands over a period of 42,500 years. We tested for both ecological character displacement (two closely related species will differ in size in order to minimize competition in sympatry and these differences will be minimized in allopatry) and communitywide character displacement (overdispersion of body size among competitors in a guild). Multiple proxies of body size consistently show that two endemic congeneric pulmonate gastropod species (Theba geminata and T arinagae) maintained a difference in size from -42,500 B.P. through the last occurrence of T arinagae 14,900 B.P., with a concomitant trend of a decreasing body size. Theba geminata body size did not converge on that of T arinagae and variation in T geminata body size did not increase significantly following the extinction of T arinagae; therefore, ecological character displacement and release did not occur. Community-wide character displacement was found in only one time bin over the last 42,500 years. These results suggest that limiting similarity is a transient ecological phenomenon rather than a long-term evolutionary process. This study not only demonstrates the problems inherent in biological "snapshot" studies and geological studies of timeaveraged deposits to test limiting similarity adequately, but it also presents a more adequate research protocol to test the importance of interspecific competition in the history of life. C1 [Huntley, John Warren; Kowalewski, Michal] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Yanes, Yurena] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Castillo, Carolina; Ibanez, Miguel; Alonso, Maria R.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Anim Biol, E-38206 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. [Delgado-Huertas, Antonio] Estac Expt Zaidin CSIC, Lab Biogeoquim Isotopos Estab, Granada 18008, Spain. [Ortiz, Jose E.; de Torres, Trinidad] Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Minas Madrid, Lab Estratig Biomol, Madrid, Spain. RP Huntley, JW (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jhuntley@vt.edu RI Ibanez, Miguel/A-2126-2008; Kowalewski, Michal/B-4263-2008; Yanes, Yurena/F-3218-2010; Delgado, Antonio/F-6866-2011 OI Kowalewski, Michal/0000-0002-8575-4711; Delgado, Antonio/0000-0002-7240-1570 NR 52 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 6 PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0094-8373 J9 PALEOBIOLOGY JI Paleobiology PD SUM PY 2008 VL 34 IS 3 BP 378 EP 388 DI 10.1666/07058.1 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology GA 334HH UT WOS:000258212400005 ER PT J AU Thanos, PK Michaelides, M Ho, CW Wang, GJ Newman, AH Heidbreder, CA Ashby, CR Gardner, EL Volkow, ND AF Thanos, Panayotis K. Michaelides, Michael Ho, Christopher W. Wang, Gene-Jack Newman, Amy H. Heidbreder, Christian A. Ashby, Charles R., Jr. Gardner, Eliot L. Volkow, Nora D. TI The effects of two highly selective dopamine D(3) receptor antagonists (SB-277011A and NGB-2904) on food self-administration in a rodent model of obesity SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE hunger; ingestive behavior; operant conditioning; anorexia; anorexigenic ID DRUG-SEEKING BEHAVIOR; ENHANCED BRAIN REWARD; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; ZUCKER RATS; MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR; COCAINE-SEEKING; MESSENGER-RNA; INDUCED REINSTATEMENT; MESOLIMBIC DOPAMINE; EXPRESSION AB In the current study, we examined the effect of the selective D(3) receptor antagonists SB-277011A and NGB 2904 on operant food self-administration (FSA) in Zucker obese and lean rats. Obese (Ob) and lean (Le) Zucker rats were maintained under a restricted feeding regimen (70% of ad-libitum rat chow) and were trained to lever press for food during daily, 2 hour fixed-ratio 4 (FR4) schedules. Once rats reached a stable baseline for FSA, they were injected with vehicle until a stable FSA criterion was achieved. Animals then received daily injections of different random doses of SB-277011A (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg i.p.), and NGB-2904 (0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg i.p.). SB-277011A produced a significant decrease in both food intake and active lever responses in both Ob and Le rats. In contrast, NGB-2904 did not decrease food intake levels or lever presses for food in Ob and Le rats. These results suggest that along with its involvement in seeking behavior for drugs of abuse, the D(3) dopamine receptor may also be involved in seeking behavior for natural reinforcers such as food. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Michaelides, Michael; Ho, Christopher W.; Wang, Gene-Jack] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Michaelides, Michael] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Neurosci Program, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Newman, Amy H.; Gardner, Eliot L.] NIDA, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ashby, Charles R., Jr.] St Johns Univ, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA. [Ho, Christopher W.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Verona, Italy. RP Thanos, PK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, 30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM thanos@bnl.gov RI Michaelides, Michael/K-4736-2013 OI Michaelides, Michael/0000-0003-0398-4917 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 AA000551-04] NR 78 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 4 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.02.003 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 302ZH UT WOS:000256008200002 PM 18329700 ER PT J AU Emery, K AF Emery, Keith TI Photovoltaic test performance SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Photovolta Cell & Module Performance Sect, Golden, CO USA. RP Emery, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Photovolta Cell & Module Performance Sect, Golden, CO USA. EM keith_emery@nrel.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 USA SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTONIC SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 6 BP 76 EP + PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 312UR UT WOS:000256697000022 ER PT J AU Maxey, C AF Maxey, Curt TI Hybrid solar lighting SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Maxey, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM maxeylc@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 USA SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTONIC SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 42 IS 6 BP 80 EP 82 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 312UR UT WOS:000256697000023 ER PT J AU Lakshmanan, M Saxena, A AF Lakshmanan, M. Saxena, Avadh TI Dynamic and static excitations of a classical discrete anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnetic chain; spin chain; nonlinear excitations; solitons; Peierls-Nabarro barrier ID NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; JACOBI ELLIPTIC FUNCTIONS; MODULATIONAL INSTABILITIES; CYCLIC IDENTITIES; XY CHAIN; INTEGRATION; LATTICES; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Using Jacobi elliptic function addition formulas and summation identities we obtain several static and moving periodic soliton solutions of a classical anisotropic, discrete Heisenberg spin chain with and without an external magnetic field. We predict the dispersion relations of these nonlinear excitations and contrast them with that of magnons and relate these findings to the materials realized by a discrete spin chain. As limiting cases, we discuss different forms of domain wall structures and their properties. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lakshmanan, M.] Bharathidasan Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nonlinear Dynam, Tiruchchirappalli 620024, India. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM avadh@lanl.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 EI 1872-8022 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 237 IS 7 BP 885 EP 897 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2007.11.005 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 304TE UT WOS:000256131200003 ER PT J AU Caporaso, GJ Mackie, TR Sampayan, S Chen, YJ Blackfield, D Harris, J Hawkins, S Holmes, C Nelson, S Paul, A Poole, B Rhodes, M Sanders, D Sullivan, J Wang, L Watson, J Reckwerdt, PJ Schmidt, R Pearson, D Flynn, RW Matthews, D Purdy, J AF Caporaso, G. J. Mackie, T. R. Sampayan, S. Chen, Y. -J. Blackfield, D. Harris, J. Hawkins, S. Holmes, C. Nelson, S. Paul, A. Poole, B. Rhodes, M. Sanders, D. Sullivan, J. Wang, L. Watson, J. Reckwerdt, P. J. Schmidt, R. Pearson, D. Flynn, R. W. Matthews, D. Purdy, J. TI A compact linac for intensity modulated proton therapy based on a dielectric wall accelerator SO PHYSICA MEDICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st European Conference on Medical Physics CY SEP 20-22, 2007 CL Pisa, ITALY SP European Federat Org Med Phys DE hadron therapy; radiation therapy; linear accelerator; proton therapy AB A novel compact CT-guided intensity modulated proton radiotherapy (IMPT) system is described. The system is being designed to deliver fast IMPT so that Larger target volumes and motion management can be accomplished. The system will. be ideal for large and complex target volumes in young patients. The basis of the design is the dielectric watt accelerator (DWA) system being developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The DWA uses fast switched high voltage transmission tines to generate pulsed electric fields on the inside of a high gradient insulating (HGI) acceleration tube. High electric field gradients are achieved by the use of alternating insulators and conductors and short pulse times. The system will produce individual pulses that can be varied in intensity, energy and spot width. The IMPT planning system will optimize delivery characteristics. The system will be capable of being sited in a conventional Linac vault and provide intensity modulated rotational therapy. Feasibility tests of an optimization system for selecting the position, energy, intensity and spot size for a collection of spots comprising the treatment are underway. A prototype is being designed and concept designs of the envelope and environmental needs of the unit are beginning. The status of the developmental new technologies that make the compact system possible wilt be reviewed. These include, high gradient vacuum insulators, solid dielectric materials, SiC photoconductive switches and compact proton sources. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. C1 [Caporaso, G. J.; Sampayan, S.; Chen, Y. -J.; Blackfield, D.; Harris, J.; Hawkins, S.; Holmes, C.; Nelson, S.; Paul, A.; Poole, B.; Rhodes, M.; Sanders, D.; Sullivan, J.; Wang, L.; Watson, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mackie, T. R.; Reckwerdt, P. J.; Schmidt, R.; Pearson, D.] TomoTherapy Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Mackie, T. R.; Flynn, R. W.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Matthews, D.; Purdy, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Canc Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Caporaso, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM caporaso1@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU IST EDITORIALI POLGRAFICI INT PI PISA PA CASELLA POSTALE N 1, SUCCURSALE N 8, 56123 PISA, ITALY SN 1120-1797 J9 PHYS MEDICA JI Phys. Medica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 98 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.ejmp.2008.01.010 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 324VD UT WOS:000257546600010 PM 18430600 ER PT J AU Huber, R Schmid, BA Kaindl, RA Chemla, DS AF Huber, R. Schmid, B. A. Kaindl, R. A. Chemla, D. S. TI Femtosecond THz studies of intra-excitonic transitions SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; QUANTUM-WELLS; FIELD TRANSIENTS; MANY-BODY; PULSES; GAAS; GAS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTROSCOPY; GENERATION AB Few-cycle THz pulses are employed to resonantly access the internal fine structure of photogenerated excitons in semiconductors, on the femtosecond time scale. This technique allows us to gain novel insight into many-body effects of excitons and reveal key quantum optical processes. We discuss experiments that monitor the density-dependent renormalization of the binding energy of a high-density exciton gas in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As quantum wells close to the Mott transition In a dilute ensemble of 3p excitons in Cu2O, stimulated THz emission from internal transitions to the energetically lower 2s state is observed at a photon energy of 6.6 meV, with a cross section of 10(14) cm(2). Simultaneous interband excitation of both exciton levels drives quantum beats, which cause efficient THz emission at the difference frequency. By extending this principle to various other exciton resonances, we develop a novel way of mapping the fine structure by two-dimensional THz emission spectroscopy. C1 [Huber, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huber, R (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Dept Phys, Univ Str 10, D-78464 Constance, Germany. EM rupert.huber@uni-konstanz.de NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 245 IS 6 BP 1041 EP 1048 DI 10.1002/pssb.200777603 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 314CS UT WOS:000256787000004 ER PT J AU Bruhns, H Kreckel, H Savin, DW Seely, DG Havener, CC AF Bruhns, H. Kreckel, H. Savin, D. W. Seely, D. G. Havener, C. C. TI Low-energy charge transfer for collisions of Si(3+) with atomic hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MERGED-BEAMS MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; PLASMA RECOMBINATION; DIVERTOR PLASMA; IONS AB Cross sections of charge transfer for Si(3+) ions with atomic hydrogen at collision energies of approximate to 40-2500 eV/u were carried out using a merged-beam technique at the Multicharged Ion Research Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The data span an energy range in which both molecular orbital close coupling (MOCC) and classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) calculations are available. The influence of quantum mechanical effects of the ionic core as predicted by MOCC is clearly seen in our results. However, discrepancies between our experiment and MOCC results toward higher collision energies are observed. At energies above 1000 eV/u good agreement is found with CTMC results. C1 [Bruhns, H.; Kreckel, H.; Savin, D. W.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Seely, D. G.] Albion Coll, Dept Phys, Albion, MI 49224 USA. [Havener, C. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bruhns, H (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM hbruhns@astro.columbia.edu RI Kreckel, Holger/F-4969-2010; Savin, Daniel/B-9576-2012 OI Savin, Daniel/0000-0002-1111-6610 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.064702 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800206 ER PT J AU Colgan, J Zhang, HL Fontes, CJ AF Colgan, J. Zhang, H. L. Fontes, C. J. TI Electron-impact excitation and ionization cross sections for the Si, Cl, and Ar isonuclear sequences SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONAL-RADIATIVE MODEL; SINGLE IONIZATION; LIGHT-ELEMENTS; R-MATRIX; IONS; SCATTERING; STATES; ATOMS; GOALS; AL2 AB Electron-impact excitation and ionization cross sections are presented for all atomic ions in the Si, Cl, and Ar isonuclear sequences. These data contribute to the continuing effort to provide accurate collisional data for magnetic fusion and astrophysical modeling. For excitation processes, level-resolved cross section calculations are presented which were made using first-order many-body perturbation theory. For ionization processes, we present calculations made with the configuration-average approximation using a distorted-wave method. A selection of excitation and ionization cross sections are compared with experiment, where available. For ionization of Si2+ and Si3+, we also compare with calculations made using time-dependent close-coupling theory, to assess the accuracy of the distorted-wave calculations. Our cross sections will be tabulated in several atomic collision databases for use in future kinetics modeling efforts. C1 [Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhang, H. L.; Fontes, C. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Colgan, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 062704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.062704 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800097 ER PT J AU Insepov, Z Terasawa, M Takayama, K AF Insepov, Z. Terasawa, M. Takayama, K. TI Surface erosion and modification by highly charged ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFAST ELECTRONIC EXCITATION; NONEQUILIBRIUM ENERGY-TRANSPORT; IONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; P-N JUNCTIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; INSULATOR SURFACES; CYLINDRICAL TRACK; TRANSITION-METALS; SPUTTERING YIELD AB Analyses were conducted of various models and mechanisms of highly charged ion (HCI) and swift-heavy ion energy transfer into a solid target, such as hollow atom formation, charge screening, neutralization, shock wave generation, crater formation, and sputtering. A plasma model of space charge neutralization based on impact ionization of semiconductors at high electric fields was developed and applied to analyze HCI impacts on Si and W. Surface erosions of semiconductor and metal surfaces caused by HCI bombardments were studied by using a molecular dynamics simulation method, and the results were compared with experimental sputtering data. C1 [Insepov, Z.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Insepov, Z.; Terasawa, M.; Takayama, K.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Terasawa, M.] Univ Hyogo, LASTI, Kobe, Hyogo 6781205, Japan. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM insepov@anl.gov RI Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 NR 60 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 062901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.062901 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800108 ER PT J AU Pindzola, MS Loch, SD Colgan, J Fontes, CJ AF Pindzola, M. S. Loch, S. D. Colgan, J. Fontes, C. J. TI Electron-impact ionization of atoms in high-temperature dense plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB Electron-impact ionization cross sections for atoms in high-temperature dense plasmas are calculated in a configuration-average distorted-wave method. For those conditions in which the Coulomb coupling parameter is small, we use the Debye-Huckel potential to screen the projectile electron from the nucleus and target electrons. Ionization cross sections are calculated for both Ne4+ and Au47+ at high temperatures and various electron densities up to 1.0x10(25) cm(-3). In general we find that as the density increases, the ionization cross section decreases at all incident energies. We also find that as the charge on the atomic ion becomes larger, the relative density effect becomes smaller. C1 [Pindzola, M. S.; Loch, S. D.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Colgan, J.; Fontes, C. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pindzola, MS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 11 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 062707 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.062707 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800100 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, G Aceves, A Tartakovsky, DM AF Srinivasan, Gowri Aceves, Alejandro Tartakovsky, Daniel M. TI Nonlinear localization of light in disordered optical fiber arrays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE ARRAYS; DISCRETE SOLITONS; LATTICES AB Light propagating through optical fiber arrays tends to localize in only a few center cores. The recent experiments in two-dimensional single-mode optical fiber arrays suggest that an interplay of deterministic and random linear and nonlinear effects might be responsible for this localization. We study this phenomenon, both analytically and numerically, in a hexagonal optical fiber array similar to that used in the experiments. Our analysis reveals that Anderson localization is evident in the linear and intermediate regimes, where a larger fraction of initial energy is returned to the center fiber due to the stochastic effects. For very high levels of input energy, the system is strongly nonlinear, with the randomness amplifying the Kerr localization. C1 [Srinivasan, Gowri] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Srinivasan, Gowri; Aceves, Alejandro] Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Tartakovsky, Daniel M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Srinivasan, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gowri@lanl.gov; aceves@math.unm.edu; dmt@ucsd.edu RI Tartakovsky, Daniel/E-7694-2013 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 063806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.063806 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800166 ER PT J AU Zhao, Z Meyer, KA Whitten, WB Shaw, RW Bennink, RS Grice, WP AF Zhao, Zhi Meyer, Kent A. Whitten, William B. Shaw, Robert W. Bennink, Ryan S. Grice, Warren P. TI Observation of spectral asymmetry in cw-pumped type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ONE-PHOTON; DOWNCONVERSION; INTERFERENCE AB We report on a spectral asymmetry in cw-pumped type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We observe that when the pump beam is focused, the spectra of ordinary and extraordinary down-converted photons broaden unequally. Theoretical analysis indicates that this asymmetry can be attributed to the difference in the angular dispersion (walk-off) of the two kinds of photons, coupled with the well-known correlation between wavelength and emission direction. C1 [Zhao, Zhi; Meyer, Kent A.; Whitten, William B.; Shaw, Robert W.; Bennink, Ryan S.; Grice, Warren P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bennink, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM benninkrs@ornl.gov RI Grice, Warren/L-8466-2013; OI Grice, Warren/0000-0003-4266-4692 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 063828 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.063828 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 321EZ UT WOS:000257288800188 ER PT J AU Araujo, PT Maciel, IO Pesce, PBC Pimenta, MA Doorn, SK Qian, H Hartschuh, A Steiner, M Grigorian, L Hata, K Jorio, A AF Araujo, P. T. Maciel, I. O. Pesce, P. B. C. Pimenta, M. A. Doorn, S. K. Qian, H. Hartschuh, A. Steiner, M. Grigorian, L. Hata, K. Jorio, A. TI Nature of the constant factor in the relation between radial breathing mode frequency and tube diameter for single-wall carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; EXCITATION AB Resonance Raman scattering is used to determine the radial breathing mode (RBM) frequency (omega(RBM)) dependence on tube diameter (d(t)) for single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We establish experimentally the omega(RBM)=227.0/d(t) as the fundamental relation for pristine SWNTs. All the other RBM values found in the literature can be explained by an upshift in frequency due mostly to van der Waals interaction between SWNTs and environment. C1 [Araujo, P. T.; Maciel, I. O.; Pesce, P. B. C.; Pimenta, M. A.; Jorio, A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Fis, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Doorn, S. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Qian, H.; Hartschuh, A.] Univ Munich, Dept Chem & Biochem, D-80539 Munich, Germany. [Qian, H.; Hartschuh, A.] Univ Munich, CENS, D-80539 Munich, Germany. [Steiner, M.] IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Grigorian, L.] YTC Amer Inc, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. [Hata, K.] AIST, Res Ctr Adv Carbon Mat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan. [Jorio, A.] Inst Nacl Metrol Normalizacao & Qualidade Ind Inm, Div Mat Metrol, BR-25250020 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Araujo, PT (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Fis, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. RI hata, kenji/B-3262-2009; Pimenta, Marcos/F-2122-2010; Maciel, Indhira/C-2580-2011; Jorio, Ado/F-2141-2010; Medicina Molecular, Inct/J-8737-2013; Maciel, Indhira/C-1832-2014; Hartschuh, Achim/N-7136-2015 OI Jorio, Ado/0000-0002-5978-2735; NR 26 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 241403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.241403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700012 ER PT J AU Arnache, O Girata, D Hoffmann, A AF Arnache, O. Girata, D. Hoffmann, A. TI Fe-doping and strain effects on structural and magnetotransport properties in La(2/3)Ca(1/3)Mn(1-y)Fe(y)O(3) thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; DOPED LA0.75CA0.25MNO3; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; DOUBLE EXCHANGE; PEROVSKITE; MOSSBAUER; LA0.67CA0.33MN0.9FE0.1O3; RESISTIVITY AB The influence of (57)Fe-doping and strain effects on the structural and magnetotransport properties of undoped and lightly doped (57)Fe (1 and 3% at Mn site) La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) thin films and bulk powder samples have been studied. Thin films were grown on (100)-SrTiO(3) (STO) and (100)-LaAlO(3) (LAO) single crystal substrates, via high O(2) pressure (500 mTorr) using dc magnetron sputtering. Conversion electron Mossbauer (CEM) spectra measured at room temperature in the paramagnetic regime of the Fe-doped samples do not show significant differences in the isomeric shift for the case of the La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) films doped with 1 and 3% iron. The isomeric shift values correspond to the presence of Fe in the 3+ state with octahedral coordination, thus indicating that Fe is incorporated into the structure by substituting Mn. The absence of further states in the spectra indicates that Fe is not involved in forming other additional impurity phases. The x-ray theta-2 theta scan showed that all thin films on LAO and STO have single phase and c-axis strong orientation along the growth direction and the Fe doping gives rise to a relaxation of the epitaxial strain. Finally, we have observed that the saturation magnetization, Curie temperature, metal-insulator transition, and magnetoresistance vary nonmonotonically with increased Fe concentration. This behavior can be understood in terms of competing influences from the strain relaxation, which enhances the tendency to order ferromagnetically, and the reduced double exchange, which is detrimental to the ferromagnetic order. C1 [Arnache, O.; Girata, D.] Univ Antioquia, Inst Phys, Medellin, Colombia. [Hoffmann, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Arnache, O (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Inst Phys, AA 1226, Medellin, Colombia. RI Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009 OI Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214430 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900074 ER PT J AU Bohnenbuck, B Zegkinoglou, I Strempfer, J Schussler-Langeheine, C Nelson, CS Leininger, P Wu, HH Schierle, E Lang, JC Srajer, G Ikeda, SI Yoshida, Y Iwata, K Katano, S Kikugawa, N Keimer, B AF Bohnenbuck, B. Zegkinoglou, I. Strempfer, J. Schuessler-Langeheine, C. Nelson, C. S. Leininger, Ph. Wu, H. -H. Schierle, E. Lang, J. C. Srajer, G. Ikeda, S. I. Yoshida, Y. Iwata, K. Katano, S. Kikugawa, N. Keimer, B. TI Magnetic structure and orbital state of Ca(3)Ru(2)O(7) investigated by resonant x-ray diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; SCATTERING AB Resonant x-ray diffraction at the L(2)- and L(3)-absorption edges of Ru has been used to investigate the magnetic structure of Ca(3)Ru(2)O(7), a material with a bilayer perovskite structure that undergoes a transition from a high-temperature metallic to a low-temperature insulating phase at 48 K. In the insulating phase, magnetic Bragg reflections characteristic of A-type antiferromagnetic order (that is, ferromagnetic RuO(2) bilayers coupled antiferromagnetically along the c-axis) were identified. The azimuthal-angle dependence of the diffracted intensity implies that the magnetic moments are aligned along the b-axis in the RuO(2) planes. In the metallic phase, the A-type magnetic order persists up to the Neel temperature of 56 K, but the sublattice magnetization decreases by a factor of similar to 1.7 and rotates by 90 degrees within the planes. Resonant signals characteristic of uniform or staggered orbital order were not found within the experimental sensitivity, probably reflecting a weak orbital polarization in the insulating state. C1 [Bohnenbuck, B.; Zegkinoglou, I.; Leininger, Ph.; Keimer, B.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Strempfer, J.] DESY, HASYLAB, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Schuessler-Langeheine, C.; Wu, H. -H.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Nelson, C. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schierle, E.] BESSY, HMI, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Lang, J. C.; Srajer, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ikeda, S. I.; Yoshida, Y.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. [Iwata, K.; Katano, S.] Saitama Univ, Fac Sci, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Kikugawa, N.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. RP Bohnenbuck, B (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Ikeda, Shinichi/I-5829-2012; SchuSSler-Langeheine, Christian/C-3186-2008; Schierle, Enrico/J-4356-2013; Zegkinoglou, Ioannis/H-2343-2013 OI Ikeda, Shinichi/0000-0003-2134-7786; SchuSSler-Langeheine, Christian/0000-0002-4553-9726; Schierle, Enrico/0000-0002-6981-2301; NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224412 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300054 ER PT J AU Brotzmann, S Bracht, H Hansen, JL Larsen, AN Simoen, E Haller, EE Christensen, JS Werner, P AF Brotzmann, S. Bracht, H. Hansen, J. Lundsgaard Larsen, A. Nylandsted Simoen, E. Haller, E. E. Christensen, J. S. Werner, P. TI Diffusion and defect reactions between donors, C, and vacancies in Ge. I. Experimental results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; SINGLE VACANCY; GERMANIUM; PHOSPHORUS; ACTIVATION; SILICON; CARBON; COMPLEXES; LATTICE; SI AB The diffusion of self-atoms and n-type dopants such as phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony in germanium was studied by means of isotopically controlled multilayer structures doped with carbon. The diffusion profiles reveal an aggregation of the dopants within the carbon-doped layers and a retarded penetration depth compared to dopant diffusion in high-purity natural Ge. Dopant aggregation and diffusion retardation are strongest for Sb and similar for P and As. In addition, the shape of the dopant profiles changes for dopant concentrations in the range of 10(20) cm(-3) mainly due to the formation of dopant-vacancy complexes, which is more significant at high concentrations. Accurate modeling of the simultaneous self-diffusion and dopant diffusion is achieved on the basis of the vacancy mechanism and additional reactions that take into account the formation of neutral carbon-vacancy-dopant and neutral dopant-vacancy complexes. The stability of these complexes is compared to theoretical calculations published recently and to additional calculations presented in Part II. The overall consistency between the experimental and theoretical results supports the stabilization of donor-vacancy complexes in Ge by the presence of carbon and the dopant deactivation via the formation of dopant-vacancy and carbon-vacancy-dopant complexes. C1 [Brotzmann, S.; Bracht, H.] Univ Munster, Inst Mat Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Hansen, J. Lundsgaard; Larsen, A. Nylandsted] Univ Aarhus, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Simoen, E.] IMEC, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Haller, E. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, J. S.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Werner, P.] Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, D-06120 Halle, Germany. RP Brotzmann, S (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Mat Phys, Wilhelm Klemm Str 10, D-48149 Munster, Germany. EM bracht@uni-muenster.de NR 46 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235207 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500057 ER PT J AU Brouet, V Yang, WL Zhou, XJ Hussain, Z Moore, RG He, R Lu, DH Shen, ZX Laverock, J Dugdale, SB Ru, N Fisher, IR AF Brouet, V. Yang, W. L. Zhou, X. J. Hussain, Z. Moore, R. G. He, R. Lu, D. H. Shen, Z. X. Laverock, J. Dugdale, S. B. Ru, N. Fisher, I. R. TI Angle-resolved photoemission study of the evolution of band structure and charge density wave properties in RTe(3) (R=Y, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; ENERGY; STATE; METAL; SMTE3 AB We present a detailed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) investigation of the RTe(3) family, which sets this system as an ideal "textbook" example for the formation of a nesting driven charge density wave (CDW). This family indeed exhibits the full range of phenomena that can be associated to CDW instabilities, from the opening of large gaps on the best nested parts of Fermi surface (up to 0.4 eV), to the existence of residual metallic pockets. ARPES is the best suited technique to characterize these features, thanks to its unique ability to resolve the electronic structure in k space. An additional advantage of RTe(3) is that the band structure can be very accurately described by a simple two dimensional tight-binding (TB) model, which allows one to understand and easily reproduce many characteristics of the CDW. In this paper, we first establish the main features of the electronic structure by comparing our ARPES measurements with the linear muffin-tin orbital band calculations. We use this to define the validity and limits of the TB model. We then present a complete description of the CDW properties and of their strong evolution as a function of R. Using simple models, we are able to reproduce perfectly the evolution of gaps in k space, the evolution of the CDW wave vector with R, and the shape of the residual metallic pockets. Finally, we give an estimation of the CDW interaction parameters and find that the change in the electronic density of states n(E(F)), due to lattice expansion when different R ions are inserted, has the correct order of magnitude to explain the evolution of the CDW properties. C1 [Brouet, V.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Phys Solides Lab, UMR8502, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Brouet, V.; Yang, W. L.; Zhou, X. J.; Hussain, Z.; Shen, Z. X.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brouet, V.; Yang, W. L.; Zhou, X. J.; Moore, R. G.; He, R.; Lu, D. H.; Shen, Z. X.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Moore, R. G.; He, R.; Shen, Z. X.; Ru, N.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Moore, R. G.; He, R.; Shen, Z. X.; Ru, N.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Laverock, J.; Dugdale, S. B.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. RP Brouet, V (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Phys Solides Lab, UMR8502, Batiment 510, F-91405 Orsay, France. RI He, Ruihua/A-6975-2010; Dugdale, Stephen/F-4066-2011; Laverock, Jude/G-4537-2010; Yang, Wanli/D-7183-2011 OI Dugdale, Stephen/0000-0002-2738-2235; Laverock, Jude/0000-0003-3653-8171; Yang, Wanli/0000-0003-0666-8063 NR 42 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235104 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500029 ER PT J AU Budke, M Allmers, T Donath, M Bode, M AF Budke, M. Allmers, T. Donath, M. Bode, M. TI Surface state vs orbital Kondo resonance at Cr(001): Arguments for a surface state interpretation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INVERSE-PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AB We have performed a combined scanning tunneling spectroscopy, photoemission, and inverse photoemission study of the surface electronic structure of Cr(001). Our results show three surface-related features, one below, one above, and one right at the Fermi level E(F). While the surface-sensitive features below and above the Fermi level show characteristics of d(xz,yz) orbital symmetry, the feature right at E(F) exhibits predominantly d(z)(2)-like orbital symmetry. Upon exposure to oxygen, its spectral weight continuously shifts into the unoccupied electronic states. These results are in conflict with the interpretation of this peak as orbital Kondo resonance but point toward a Shockley-type surface state. C1 [Budke, M.; Allmers, T.; Donath, M.] Univ Munster, Inst Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Bode, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Budke, M (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Phys, Wilhelm Klemm Str 10, D-48149 Munster, Germany. RI Bode, Matthias/S-3249-2016 OI Bode, Matthias/0000-0001-7514-5560 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 233409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.233409 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500025 ER PT J AU Cassidy, A Grigorenko, I Haas, S AF Cassidy, Amy Grigorenko, Ilya Haas, Stephan TI Formation of collective excitations in quasi-one-dimensional metallic nanostructures: Size and density dependence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We investigate theoretically the formation of collective excitations in atomic scale quasi-one-dimensional metallic nanostructures. The optical response of the system is calculated within the linear-response theory and the random-phase approximation. For uniform nanostructures a smooth transition from quantum scaling of single-particle excitations to classical plasmon scaling is observed, depending on the system's length and electron density. We find crucial differences in the scaling behavior for quasi-one-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures. The presence of an additional modulating on-site potential is shown to localize electrons, leading to the response of the system that is highly sensitive to the number of electrons at low fillings. C1 [Cassidy, Amy; Haas, Stephan] Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Grigorenko, Ilya] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Theoret Div T 11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cassidy, A (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RI Haas, Stephan/C-4103-2008; Grigorenko, Ilya/B-5616-2009 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245404 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700092 ER PT J AU Chan, KT Neaton, JB Cohen, ML AF Chan, Kevin T. Neaton, J. B. Cohen, Marvin L. TI First-principles study of metal adatom adsorption on graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CARBON NANOTUBE BUNDLES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; POTASSIUM-ADSORPTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SUBMONOLAYER POTASSIUM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GRAPHITE SURFACE; 1ST PRINCIPLES AB The adsorption of 12 different metal adatoms on graphene is studied using first-principles density-functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation. The adsorption energy, geometry, density of states (DOS), dipole moment, and work function of each adatom-graphene system are calculated. For the adatoms studied from groups I-III of the Periodic Table, the results are consistent with ionic bonding, and the adsorption is characterized by minimal change in the graphene electronic states and large charge transfer. For transition, noble, and group IV metals, the calculations are consistent with covalent bonding, and the adsorption is characterized by strong hybridization between adatom and graphene electronic states. For ionically bonded adatoms, the charge transfer is calculated quantitatively using two methods, one based on the DOS and the other based on the real-space-charge density. A variation in dipole moments and work-function shifts across the different adatoms is observed. In particular, the work-function shift shows a general correlation with the induced interfacial dipole of the adatom-graphene system and the ionization potential of the isolated atom. C1 [Chan, Kevin T.; Cohen, Marvin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chan, Kevin T.; Cohen, Marvin L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Neaton, J. B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chan, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI 李, 府中/H-4357-2011; Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015 OI Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135 NR 59 TC 700 Z9 709 U1 50 U2 412 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235430 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500120 ER PT J AU Chaudhury, RP dela Cruz, CR Lorenz, B Sun, YY Chu, CW Park, S Cheong, SW AF Chaudhury, Rajit P. dela Cruz, Clarina R. Lorenz, Bernd Sun, Yanyi Chu, Ching-Wu Park, S. Cheong, Sang-W. TI Pressure-induced polarization reversal in multiferroic YMn(2)O(5) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The low-temperature ferroelectric polarization of multiferroic YMn(2)O(5) is completely reversed at a critical pressure of 10 kbar and the phase transition from the incommensurate to the commensurate magnetic phase is induced by pressures above 14 kbar. The high-pressure data correlate with thermal-expansion measurements, indicating a significant lattice strain at the low-temperature transition into the incommensurate phase. The results support the exchange striction model for the ferroelectricity in multiferroic RMn(2)O(5) compounds and they show the importance of magnetic frustration as well as the spin-lattice coupling. C1 [Chaudhury, Rajit P.; Lorenz, Bernd; Sun, Yanyi; Chu, Ching-Wu] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chaudhury, Rajit P.; Lorenz, Bernd; Sun, Yanyi; Chu, Ching-Wu] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [dela Cruz, Clarina R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [dela Cruz, Clarina R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chu, Ching-Wu] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Ching-Wu] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Park, S.; Cheong, Sang-W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Park, S.; Cheong, Sang-W.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Chaudhury, RP (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI dela Cruz, Clarina/C-2747-2013 OI dela Cruz, Clarina/0000-0003-4233-2145 NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 220104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.220104 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300004 ER PT J AU Chen, J Hupalo, M Ji, M Wang, CZ Ho, KM Tringides, MC AF Chen, J. Hupalo, M. Ji, M. Wang, C. Z. Ho, K. M. Tringides, M. C. TI Crystallographic phase transition and island height selection in In/Si(111) growth SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; INDIUM; FILMS; SIZE AB In/Si(111) has been studied with spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscope, and first-principles total energy calculations to identify its growth morphology at low temperatures. Of the different substrate interfaces used, only In growth on Si(111)-Pb-alpha-root 3x root 3 has resulted in uniform height fcc (111) four-layer islands. A transition to the bulk bct (101) oriented islands is favored at higher temperatures T>250 K and/or larger coverages theta>5 ML. These results suggest two stabilizing effects for the preferred morphologies, i.e., quantum size effects and orientation dependent surface and interface energies. These stabilizing effects are suppported from first-principles calculations. C1 [Chen, J.; Hupalo, M.; Ji, M.; Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.; Tringides, M. C.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tringides, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tringides@ameslab.gov RI Ji, Min/F-3503-2011 NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 233302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.233302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500008 ER PT J AU Chroneos, A Grimes, RW Uberuaga, BP Bracht, H AF Chroneos, A. Grimes, R. W. Uberuaga, B. P. Bracht, H. TI Diffusion and defect reactions between donors, C, and vacancies in Ge. II. Atomistic calculations of related complexes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SYNCHRONOUS-TRANSIT METHOD; SELF-INTERSTITIAL DEFECT; MEDIATED DIFFUSION; SCALE SIMULATIONS; 1ST PRINCIPLES; POINT-DEFECTS; DOPED SILICON; GERMANIUM; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; PHOSPHORUS AB Electronic structure calculations are used to study the stability, concentration, and migration of vacancy-donor (phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony) complexes in germanium, in the presence of carbon. The association of carbon with mobile vacancy-donor pairs can lead to energetically favorable and relatively immobile complexes. It is predicted that the complexes formed between lattice vacancies, carbon, and antimony substitutional atoms are more stable and less mobile compared to complexes composed of vacancies, carbon, and phosphorus or arsenic atoms. Then, with the use of mass action analysis, the relative concentrations of the most important complexes are calculated, which depend also on their relative stability not just their absolute stability. Overall, the theoretical predictions are consistent with experimental results, which determined that the diffusion of vacancy-donor defects is retarded in the presence of carbon, especially in samples with a high concentration of carbon. In addition, the calculations provide information on the structure and the equilibrium concentration of the most important complexes and details of their association energies. C1 [Chroneos, A.; Bracht, H.] Univ Munster, Inst Mat Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Grimes, R. W.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. [Uberuaga, B. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chroneos, A (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Mat Phys, Wilhelm Klemm Str 10, D-48149 Munster, Germany. EM alexander.chroneos@imperial.ac.uk OI Chroneos, Alex/0000-0002-2558-495X NR 53 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235208 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500058 ER PT J AU Chubukov, AV Norman, MR AF Chubukov, A. V. Norman, M. R. TI One-gap scenario to explain Raman scattering in a d-wave superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-T-C; PSEUDOGAP; EVOLUTION AB Recent Raman scattering data in B(1g) and B(2g) geometries in the superconducting state of underdoped cuprates were interpreted as evidence for two distinct energy gaps. We argue that these data can be equally well explained within a one-gap scenario if final-state interactions are taken into account. In particular, we show that they can account for the differing doping dependences of the Raman peaks in these two geometries and the doping independence of the slope of the B(2g) response. C1 [Chubukov, A. V.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Norman, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chubukov, AV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214529 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214529 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900114 ER PT J AU Coffey, D DeMarco, M Dabrowski, B Kolesnik, S Toorongian, S Haka, M AF Coffey, D. DeMarco, M. Dabrowski, B. Kolesnik, S. Toorongian, S. Haka, M. TI Magnetic properties of RuSr2GdCu2O8 using the temperature dependence of the Mossbauer spectrum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COEXISTENCE; GD; FERROMAGNETISM; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION; EU AB Mossbauer spectra were measured from 4.2 to 145 K on a Ru-99 enriched sample of RuSr2GdCu2O8 which magnetically orders at 138 K and has a full transition to superconductivity at 8.7 K with an onset at similar to 13 K. The superconducting transition has no effect on the spectrum which is determined by the hyperfine magnetic field due to the magnetic order. At low temperatures there is a rapid decrease of this hyperfine magnetic field with increasing temperature indicating a gapless or a very low energy magnon spectrum. We use a local-moment model which includes coupling between nearest-neighbor in-plane Ru moments and between the Ru and Gd moments which are separated by a superconducting CuO layer and a SrO layer to calculate the magnon spectrum and use this to estimate the strength of the exchange interactions based on the hyperfine magnetic-field temperature dependence. The coupling strength is similar to 275 K for Ru-Ru coupling and similar to 30 K for Ru-Gd coupling. C1 [Coffey, D.; DeMarco, M.] SUNY Coll Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. [DeMarco, M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Toorongian, S.; Haka, M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Nucl Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Dabrowski, B.; Kolesnik, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dabrowski, B.; Kolesnik, S.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Coffey, D (reprint author), SUNY Coll Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214412 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900056 ER PT J AU Dobrovitski, VV Feiguin, AE Awschalom, DD Hanson, R AF Dobrovitski, V. V. Feiguin, A. E. Awschalom, D. D. Hanson, R. TI Decoherence dynamics of a single spin versus spin ensemble SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM INFORMATION; COHERENT DYNAMICS; DIAMOND; ELECTRON; DOTS AB We study decoherence of central spins by a spin bath, focusing on the difference between measurement of a single central spin and measurement of a large number of central spins (as found in typical spin-resonance experiments). For a dilute spin bath, the single spin demonstrates Gaussian free-induction decay, in contrast to exponential decay characteristic of spin ensembles. A strong difference between a single spin and a spin ensemble also exists for the Rabi oscillation decay: for a repeated Rabi oscillation experiment, suppression of decoherence happens for a single spin while acceleration takes place for a spin ensemble. The mathematical origin of such behavior is similar to quantum Zeno/anti-Zeno effects. C1 [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Feiguin, A. E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Feiguin, A. E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Microsoft Stn Q, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Awschalom, D. D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Spintron & Quantum Computat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hanson, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. RP Dobrovitski, VV (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Hanson, Ronald/B-9555-2008 NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245212 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700058 ER PT J AU Dremov, V Sapozhnikov, P Kutepov, A Anisimov, V Korotin, M Shorikov, A Preston, DL Zocher, MA AF Dremov, Vladimir Sapozhnikov, Philipp Kutepov, Andrey Anisimov, Vladimir Korotin, Michael Shorikov, Alexey Preston, Dean L. Zocher, Marvin A. TI Atomistic simulations of helium dynamics in a plutonium lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PU; ALLOYS AB Density-functional theory is used to calculate unit-cell energies of alpha-Pu and delta-Pu lattices containing point defects that are manifest in terms of a contaminant He atom. These cell energies are used in the development of a new exp-6 Pu-He interatomic potential. Molecular-dynamics simulations are conducted to investigate the dynamics of individual He atoms and of a cluster of He atoms in a delta-Pu lattice. In both cases, the He atoms are shown to precipitate chain reactions involving split interstitial migration of Pu. The rate of this split interstitial migration is calculated. Molecular dynamics is also used to investigate the dynamics of an isolated He bubble in a delta-Pu lattice. Questions concerning the stability of a He bubble possessing a He-to-vacancy ratio of 3:1 are investigated. Molecular-dynamics simulations investigating the evolution of bubble shape over time are carried out. C1 [Dremov, Vladimir; Sapozhnikov, Philipp; Kutepov, Andrey] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Inst Tech Phys, Chelyabinsk 456770, Russia. [Anisimov, Vladimir; Korotin, Michael; Shorikov, Alexey] Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg, Russia. [Preston, Dean L.; Zocher, Marvin A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dremov, V (reprint author), Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Inst Tech Phys, Chelyabinsk 456770, Russia. EM zocher@lanl.gov RI Korotin, Michael/J-3252-2013; Shorikov, Alexey/J-3551-2013; Anisimov, Vladimir/K-1235-2013 OI Korotin, Michael/0000-0002-9603-8374; Shorikov, Alexey/0000-0001-7607-6130; Anisimov, Vladimir/0000-0002-1087-1956 NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224306 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300042 ER PT J AU Faleev, SV Leonard, F AF Faleev, Sergey V. Leonard, Francois TI Theory of enhancement of thermoelectric properties of materials with nanoinclusions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT PHENOMENA; LEAD CHALCOGENIDES; CURRENT CARRIERS; SCATTERING; MERIT; DEVICES; FIGURE; PBTE AB Based on the concept of band bending at metal/semiconductor interfaces as an energy filter for electrons, we present a theory for the enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of semiconductor materials with metallic nanoinclusions. We show that the Seebeck coefficient can be significantly increased due to a strongly energy-dependent electronic scattering time. By including phonon scattering, we find that the enhancement of ZT due to electron scattering is important for high doping, while at low doping it is primarily due to a decrease in the phonon thermal conductivity. C1 [Faleev, Sergey V.; Leonard, Francois] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Faleev, SV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sfaleev@gmail.com NR 15 TC 258 Z9 260 U1 18 U2 145 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214304 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900038 ER PT J AU Fitzsimmons, MR Lederman, D Cheon, M Shi, H Olamit, J Roshchin, IV Schuller, IK AF Fitzsimmons, M. R. Lederman, D. Cheon, M. Shi, H. Olamit, J. Roshchin, Igor V. Schuller, Ivan K. TI Antiferromagnetic domain size and exchange bias SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL EXPONENT-BETA; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY; SPONTANEOUS MAGNETIZATION; ROUGH SURFACES; ANISOTROPY; FILMS; BILAYERS; MODEL; MULTILAYERS AB Using neutron diffraction, we measured the sizes of antiferromagnetic domains in three ferromagnet/antiferromagnet bilayer samples as a function of the magnitude and sign of exchange bias, temperature, and antiferromagnet composition. Neutron-scattering techniques were applied to thin films with masses less than 10 mu g. We found the antiferromagnetic domain size to be consistently small regardless of the exchange bias. For a Co/untwinned single crystalline antiferromagnet (AF)-fluoride bilayer, the antiferromagnetic domain size is comparable to the crystallographic domain size of the AF. For one sample the highest temperature at which the exchange bias was nonzero (i.e., the blocking temperature) was suppressed by similar to 3 K compared to the Neel temperature of the antiferromagnet. C1 [Fitzsimmons, M. R.; Olamit, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lederman, D.; Cheon, M.; Shi, H.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Roshchin, Igor V.; Schuller, Ivan K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Roshchin, Igor V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Fitzsimmons, MR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Roshchin, Igor/I-5162-2012 NR 69 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224406 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300048 ER PT J AU Hadjiev, VG Iliev, MN Sasmal, K Sun, YY Chu, CW AF Hadjiev, V. G. Iliev, M. N. Sasmal, K. Sun, Y. -Y. Chu, C. W. TI Raman spectroscopy of RFeAsO (R=Sm, La) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SCATTERING AB We report the polarized Raman spectra of undoped RFeAsO (R=Sm, La) collected at room temperature from ab surfaces of impurity-free microcrystals. The spectra exhibit sharp phonon lines on very weak electronic scattering background. The frequency and symmetry of the four Raman phonons involving out-of-plane atomic vibrations are found at 170 cm(-1) (A(1g), Sm), 201 cm(-1) (A(1g), As), 208 cm(-1) (B(1g), Fe), and 345 cm(-1) (B(1g), O) for SmFeAsO; and 162 cm(-1) (A(1g), La), 208 cm(-1) (A(1g), As), 201 cm(-1) (B(1g), Fe), and 316 cm(-1) (B(1g), O) for LaFeAsO. C1 [Hadjiev, V. G.] Univ Houston, Dept Mech Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chu, C. W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Iliev, M. N.; Sasmal, K.; Sun, Y. -Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Hadjiev, V. G.; Iliev, M. N.; Sasmal, K.; Sun, Y. -Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Hadjiev, VG (reprint author), Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI ILIEV, MILKO/A-5941-2008; Hadjiev, Viktor/A-7069-2008 OI ILIEV, MILKO/0000-0002-9685-542X; Hadjiev, Viktor/0000-0001-8579-9357 NR 11 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 220505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.220505 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300017 ER PT J AU Janssen, Y Dennis, KW Prozorov, R Canfield, PC McCallum, RW AF Janssen, Y. Dennis, K. W. Prozorov, R. Canfield, P. C. McCallum, R. W. TI Exotic (anti)ferromagnetism in single crystals of Pr(6)Ni(2)Si(3) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-EXPANSION; SOLUTION GROWTH; DOMAIN WALLS; COERCIVITY AB The ternary intermetallic compound, Pr(6)Ni(2)Si(3), is a member of a structure series of compounds based on a triangular structure where the number of Pr atoms in the prism cross section can be systematically varied. Pr(6)Ni(2)Si(3) contains two distinct Pr lattice sites which result in complex interactions between the magnetic ions. Extensive measurements of specific heat and magnetization on single-crystal samples indicate that Pr(6)Ni(2)Si(3) orders with both a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet component, with ordering temperatures of 39.6 and similar to 32 K, respectively. The ferromagnetic component parallel to c axis is accompanied by a large hysteresis, and the antiferromagnetic component perpendicular to c axis is accompanied by a spin-flop-type transition. More detailed measurements, of the vector magnetization, indicate that the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic order appear independent of each other. These results not only clarify the behavior of Pr(6)Ni(2)Si(3) itself but also of the other members of the structure series, Pr(5)Ni(2)Si(3) and Pr(15)Ni(7)Si(10). C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Janssen, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yjanssen@bnl.gov RI Prozorov, Ruslan/A-2487-2008; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Prozorov, Ruslan/0000-0002-8088-6096; NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214407 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900051 ER PT J AU Klimczuk, T Lee, HO Ronning, F Durakiewicz, T Kurita, N Volz, H Bauer, ED McQueen, T Movshovich, R Cava, RJ Thompson, JD AF Klimczuk, T. Lee, Han-Oh Ronning, F. Durakiewicz, T. Kurita, N. Volz, H. Bauer, E. D. McQueen, T. Movshovich, R. Cava, R. J. Thompson, J. D. TI Physical properties of the uranium ternary compounds U(3)Bi(4)M(3) (M=Ni,Rh) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; HEAVY-FERMION; CE3BI4PT3; GAP; CU AB We report the properties of two new isostructural compounds, U(3)Bi(4)Ni(3) and U(3)Bi(4)Rh(3). The first of these compounds is nonmetallic, and the second is a nearly ferromagnetic metal, both as anticipated from their electron count relative to other U-based members of the larger 3-4-3 family. For U(3)Bi(4)Rh(3), a logarithmic increase in C/T below 3 K, a resistivity proportional to T(4/3), and the recovery of Fermi-liquid behavior in both properties with applied fields greater than 3 T, suggest that U(3)Bi(4)Rh(3) may be a new example of a material displaying ferromagnetic quantum criticality. C1 [Klimczuk, T.; Lee, Han-Oh; Durakiewicz, T.; Kurita, N.; Volz, H.; Bauer, E. D.; Movshovich, R.; Thompson, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Klimczuk, T.] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. [McQueen, T.; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Klimczuk, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Klimczuk, Tomasz/M-1716-2013; OI Klimczuk, Tomasz/0000-0003-2602-5049; Durakiewicz, Tomasz/0000-0002-1980-1874; Ronning, Filip/0000-0002-2679-7957; Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245111 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700024 ER PT J AU Lany, S Raebiger, H Zunger, A AF Lany, Stephan Raebiger, Hannes Zunger, Alex TI Magnetic interactions of Cr-Cr and Co-Co impurity pairs in ZnO within a band-gap corrected density functional approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; APPROXIMATION AB The well-known "band-gap" problem in approximate density functionals is manifested mainly in an overly low energy of the conduction band (CB). As a consequence, the localized gap states of 3d impurities states in wide-gap oxides such as ZnO occur often incorrectly as resonances inside the CB, leading to a spurious transfer of electrons from the impurity state into the CB of the host, and to a physically misleading description of the magnetic 3d-3d interactions. A correct description requires that the magnetic coupling of the impurity pairs be self-consistently determined in the presence of a correctly positioned CB (with respect to the 3d states), which we achieve here through the addition of empirical nonlocal external potentials to the standard density functional Hamiltonian. After this correction, both Co and Cr form occupied localized states in the gap and empty resonances low inside the CB. In otherwise undoped ZnO, Co and Cr remain paramagnetic, but electron-doping instigates strong ferromagnetic coupling when the resonant states become partially occupied. C1 [Lany, Stephan; Raebiger, Hannes; Zunger, Alex] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lany, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Raebiger, Hannes/D-1881-2013; OI Raebiger, Hannes/0000-0003-3969-9165; Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 NR 33 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 241201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.241201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700001 ER PT J AU Laviano, F Xie, R Mezzetti, E Kwok, WK AF Laviano, F. Xie, R. Mezzetti, E. Kwok, W. K. TI Enhancement of the irreversibility line in YBa2Cu3O6.95 single crystals patterned by heavy ion lithography SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; CRITICAL-FIELD; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SUPERCONDUCTORS; IRRADIATION; FILMS; CONFINEMENT; TAPES; YBCO AB High purity, detwinned YBa2Cu3O7-x single crystals were locally irradiated with a stripe pattern using a microcollimated 250 MeV Au ion beam to a dose matching field of B-Phi=4 T. Electron microscopy measurements of the cross section of the irradiated crystal indicate the presence of nanometer columnar defects confined to a surface layer (blind holes) and an ensemble of ancillary defects in the bulk of the crystal. We present systematic studies of the effects of blind hole structures and of ancillary defects using quantitative magneto-optical imaging with a Bi:yttrium iron garnet indicator film. We observed a local reduction in the superconducting critical temperature near the surface layer where the blind holes were formed, due to the high irradiation fluence. The difference in the critical temperature between the surface layer and the bulk of the irradiated stripe zones enabled us to isolate and estimate the enhancement of the local vortex pinning due solely to the ancillary defects induced by the irradiation. We find that the blind holes with the additive contribution of the ancillary defects produce a pronounced upward shift in the irreversibility line and stronger vortex pinning with respect to the unirradiated stripe regions both at low and at high temperatures. C1 [Laviano, F.; Mezzetti, E.] Politecn Torino, Dept Phys, I-10128 Turin, Italy. [Laviano, F.; Mezzetti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Xie, R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Xie, R.; Kwok, W. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Laviano, F (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Phys, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10128 Turin, Italy. OI Laviano, Francesco/0000-0002-5271-6575; Xie, Ruobing/0000-0003-0266-9122 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214501 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900086 ER PT J AU Lumpkin, GR Smith, KL Blackford, MG Thomas, BS Whittle, KR Marks, NA Zaluzec, NJ AF Lumpkin, Gregory R. Smith, Katherine L. Blackford, Mark G. Thomas, Bronwyn S. Whittle, Karl R. Marks, Nigel A. Zaluzec, Nestor J. TI Experimental and atomistic modeling study of ion irradiation damage in thin crystals of the TiO2 polymorphs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; LATTICE SITE OCCUPATION; ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; RUTILE TIO2; IMPLANTED TIO2; IN-SITU; CONDUCTIVITY; PYROCHLORE AB Thin crystals of rutile, brookite, and anatase were irradiated in situ in the intermediate voltage electron microscope (IVEM-Tandem Facility) at Argonne National Laboratory using 1.0 MeV Kr ions at a temperature of 50 K. Determination of the critical amorphization fluence has revealed a large difference in the radiation tolerance. Synthetic rutile remained crystalline up to a fluence of 5x10(15) ions cm(-2) and did not show convincing evidence for the onset of amorphization at this fluence level. Natural brookite and anatase, on the other hand, became amorphous at 8.1 +/- 1.8x10(14) and 2.3 +/- 0.2x10(14) ions cm(-2), respectively. These results correlate with the number of shared edges, the degree of octahedral distortion, and the volume properties of polymorphs, and we show that the distortion and the volume are intimately linked through interatomic forces in the octahedral framework. The static and dynamic defect calculations indicate that the radiation tolerance of rutile is related, at least in part, to low energy migration pathways for both O and Ti. In order to gain further insight into the problem, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of small thermal spikes for each polymorph. These simulations are in qualitative agreement with the experiments, with the thermal spikes showing the same relative recovery behavior between the rutile, the brookite, and the anatase structures. The examination of previous MD simulations of TiO2 glasses and experimental work on synthetic TiO2 materials produced at low temperature provides a conceptual model for the structure of amorphous TiO2 produced by ion irradiation of the crystalline polymorphs. C1 [Lumpkin, Gregory R.; Smith, Katherine L.; Blackford, Mark G.; Thomas, Bronwyn S.; Whittle, Karl R.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Inst Mat & Engn Sci, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. [Marks, Nigel A.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Zaluzec, Nestor J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lumpkin, GR (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Inst Mat & Engn Sci, Private Mail Bag 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. EM grl@ansto.gov.au RI Whittle, Karl/A-7404-2008; Lumpkin, Gregory/A-7558-2008; Marks, Nigel/F-6084-2010 OI Whittle, Karl/0000-0002-8000-0857; Marks, Nigel/0000-0003-2372-1284 NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214201 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900034 ER PT J AU Manley, ME Alatas, A Trouw, F Leu, BM Lynn, JW Chen, Y Hults, WL AF Manley, Michael E. Alatas, Ahmet Trouw, Frans Leu, Bogdan M. Lynn, Jeffrey W. Chen, Ying Hults, W. Larry TI Intrinsic nature of thermally activated dynamical modes in alpha-U: Nonequilibrium mode creation by x-ray and neutron scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE BREATHERS; LOCALIZED MODES; LATTICE; CRYSTALS; SOLITONS; URANIUM; ARRAYS; ENERGY AB Inelastic x-ray and neutron scattering were used to measure two matching lattice excitations on the [01 zeta] zone boundary in alpha-uranium. The excitations have the same polarization and reciprocal-space structure, but one has energy consistent with the thermal activation energy of the other, indicating that it creates the mode. The implied mechanism, where a mode is created by an amplitude fluctuation that mirrors the mode itself, is consistent with an intrinsically localized mode (ILM), and this is supported by thermodynamic data. The reciprocal-space structure, however, indicates a mode that is extended along its polarization direction, [010], and yet fully localized along a perpendicular direction, [001]. An enhancement of the thermal but not electrical conductivity with mode activation also suggests that these modes are more mobile than conventional ILMs. The behavior is, however, qualitatively similar to that predicted for ILMs on two-dimensional hexagonal lattices, where in-plane localization has been shown to be extended over more than ten discrete units, and the modes can be highly mobile. C1 [Manley, Michael E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Alatas, Ahmet; Leu, Bogdan M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Trouw, Frans; Hults, W. Larry] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lynn, Jeffrey W.; Chen, Ying] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Chen, Ying] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Manley, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Manley, Michael/N-4334-2015; Leu, Bogdan/J-9952-2015 OI Leu, Bogdan/0000-0003-2020-0686 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214305 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900039 ER PT J AU Matsuda, O Wright, OB Hurley, DH Gusev, V Shimizu, K AF Matsuda, O. Wright, O. B. Hurley, D. H. Gusev, V. Shimizu, K. TI Coherent shear phonon generation and detection with picosecond laser acoustics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 4 X 4; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; INTERFEROMETRIC DETECTION; THIN-FILMS; LIGHT; TRANSMISSION; REFLECTION; CRYSTAL; METALS; OPTICS AB Measurements on a film of silica on crystalline zinc using picosecond laser acoustics are theoretically analyzed to quantitatively explain the generation and detection of picosecond shear and longitudinal-acoustic waves. The theory encompasses the scattering of obliquely incident probe light of arbitrary polarization by a depth-dependent anisotropic permittivity modulation in a multilayer, including terms arising from the photoelastic effect, interface displacements, and local rotations. Sound velocities, ultrasonic attenuation, and photoelastic constants are experimentally derived. C1 [Matsuda, O.; Wright, O. B.] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Appl Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. [Hurley, D. H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Gusev, V.] Univ Maine, CNRS, UMR 6087, Lab Phys Etat Condense, F-72085 Le Mans, France. [Shimizu, K.] Keio Univ, Univ Chem Lab, Kanagawa 2238521, Japan. RP Matsuda, O (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Appl Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. RI Matsuda, Osamu/A-7193-2012 OI Matsuda, Osamu/0000-0002-0736-1242 NR 53 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224110 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300029 ER PT J AU Montoncello, F Giovannini, L Nizzoli, F Vavassori, P Grimsditch, M AF Montoncello, F. Giovannini, L. Nizzoli, F. Vavassori, P. Grimsditch, M. TI Dynamic origin of first and second order phase transitions in magnetization reversal of elliptical nanodots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We study the magnetization reversal in elliptical nanodots with the external field applied exactly along the minor (hard) axis. By varying the magnitude of the applied field, several first and second order transitions take place and the system proceeds through magnetic configurations characterized by different symmetry properties. The dynamical matrix method is used to calculate the spin excitations as function of the applied field. This model system allows us to investigate the relationship between the singularities of the magnetization, the presence of soft spin excitations, and the symmetry properties of the static and dynamic magnetization fields. Rules that govern the transitions are formulated. C1 [Montoncello, F.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Grimsditch, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vavassori, P.] CIC nanoGUNE Res Ctr, E-20009 Sebastian, Spain. [Vavassori, P.] CNR INFM S3, I-41100 Modena, Italy. RP Montoncello, F (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, Via Saragat 1, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. RI nanoGUNE, CIC/A-2623-2015; Vavassori, Paolo/B-4299-2014 OI Vavassori, Paolo/0000-0002-4735-6640 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214402 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900046 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S Shastry, BS AF Mukerjee, Subroto Shastry, B. Sriram TI Signatures of diffusion and ballistic transport in the stiffness, dynamical correlation functions, and statistics of one-dimensional systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-1/2 HEISENBERG-MODEL; HUBBARD-MODEL; CONDUCTIVITY; RING AB Integrable and nonintegrable systems have very different transport properties. In this paper, we highlight these differences for specific one-dimensional models of interacting lattice fermions. The technique used is a finite temperature numerical calculation of the adiabatic stiffness (also called the Drude weight or charge stiffness) and isothermal stiffness (also called the "Meissner" stiffness) in electrical and energy transport, and the momentum dependent dynamical conductivities sigma(q,omega) and kappa(q,omega). We apply a flux twist to break the Kramers degeneracy; thus, allowing us to focus on the effect of the dynamical degeneracies in the integrable system. In this situation, we show that the isothermal stiffness goes to zero rapidly with the system size for both types of systems even at high temperatures; while the adiabatic stiffness appears to go to zero in the nonintegrable system and to a finite value in the integrable one. We analyze this difference in terms of the statistics of the current matrix elements and the degeneracies of the systems, and show that in the integrable system, despite the presence of degeneracies, the dominant contribution to the adiabatic stiffness comes from large-current-carrying nondegenerate states. We also show that energy transport at nonzero omega and q occurs within a banded continuum in the integrable system indicative of ballistic transport while the nonintegrable system shows diffusion but with the existence of overdamped excitations at large values of momentum. C1 [Mukerjee, Subroto] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mukerjee, Subroto] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shastry, B. Sriram] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245131 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245131 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700044 ER PT J AU Ney, A Kammermeier, T Ney, V Ye, S Ollefs, K Manuel, E Dhar, S Ploog, KH Arenholz, E Wilhelm, F Rogalev, A AF Ney, A. Kammermeier, T. Ney, V. Ye, S. Ollefs, K. Manuel, E. Dhar, S. Ploog, K. H. Arenholz, E. Wilhelm, F. Rogalev, A. TI Element specific magnetic properties of Gd-doped GaN: Very small polarization of Ga and paramagnetism of Gd SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Element specific x-ray magnetic dichroism measurements have been carried out at the Ga K and Ga and Gd L(3) edges of the dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) Gd:GaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy. This DMS material has previously been reported to exhibit room temperature magnetic order accompanied by colossal effective magnetic moments. We detect only a very small magnetic polarization of the order of at most 10(-5)mu(B)/Ga atom in Gd:GaN which cannot account for the colossal effective magnetic moments. Further, the element specific magnetic properties at the Gd sites do not reveal any ferromagneticlike signatures but rather behave paramagnetic. Thus, the ferromagnetism in Gd:GaN is caused by polarization of the N site or by extrinsic mechanisms such as magnetic polarization of defects or residual oxygen in these samples. C1 [Ney, A.; Kammermeier, T.; Ney, V.; Ye, S.; Ollefs, K.; Manuel, E.; Dhar, S.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fachbereich Phys, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Ney, A.; Kammermeier, T.; Ney, V.; Ye, S.; Ollefs, K.; Manuel, E.; Dhar, S.] Univ Duisburg Essen, CeNIDE, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Dhar, S.; Ploog, K. H.] Paul Drude Inst Festkorperelekt, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. [Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wilhelm, F.; Rogalev, A.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP Ney, A (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Essen, Fachbereich Phys, Lotharstr 1, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. EM ney@maglomat.de RI Ollefs, Katharina/F-5677-2016; Ney, Verena/N-9480-2016; OI Ollefs, Katharina/0000-0002-2301-4670; Ney, Verena/0000-0001-9413-8649; Ney, Andreas/0000-0002-2388-6006 NR 11 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 233308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.233308 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500014 ER PT J AU Paul, I AF Paul, I. TI Interaction correction of conductivity near a ferromagnetic quantum critical point SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FILLED LANDAU-LEVEL; SYSTEMS; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; SR3RU2O7; DISORDER; METALS AB We calculate the temperature dependence of conductivity due to interaction correction for a disordered itinerant electron system close to a ferromagnetic quantum critical point, which occurs due to a spin-density wave instability. In the quantum critical regime, the crossover between diffusive and ballistic transport occurs at a temperature T(*)=1/[tau gamma(E(F)tau)(2)], where gamma is the parameter associated with the Landau damping of the spin fluctuations, tau is the impurity scattering time, and E(F) is the Fermi energy. For a generic choice of parameters, T(*) is a few orders of magnitude smaller than the usual crossover scale 1/tau. In the ballistic quantum critical regime, the conductivity has a T((d-1)/3) temperature dependence where d is the dimensionality of the system. In the diffusive quantum critical regime, we get T(1/4) dependence in three dimensions and ln(2) T dependence in two dimensions. Away from the quantum critical regime, we recover the standard results for a good metal. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Paul, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224418 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224418 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300060 ER PT J AU Reboredo, FA Kent, PRC AF Reboredo, F. A. Kent, P. R. C. TI Density-density functionals and effective potentials in many-body electronic structure calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NATURAL SPIN-ORBITALS; MONTE-CARLO; SYSTEMS; MOLECULES; SEMICONDUCTORS; MATRICES AB We demonstrate the existence of different density-density functionals designed to retain selected properties of the many-body ground state in a noninteracting solution starting from the standard density functional theory ground state. We focus on diffusion quantum Monte Carlo applications that require trial wave functions with optimal Fermion nodes. The theory is extensible and can be used to understand current practices in several electronic structure methods within a generalized density functional framework. The theory justifies and stimulates the search of optimal empirical density functionals and effective potentials for accurate calculations of the properties of real materials, but also cautions on the limits of their applicability. The concepts are tested and validated with a near-analytic model. C1 [Reboredo, F. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kent, P. R. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Reboredo, FA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Reboredo, Fernando/B-8391-2009 OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245110 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700023 ER PT J AU Rigg, PA Schwartz, CL Hixson, RS Hogan, GE Kwiatkowski, KK Mariam, FG Marr-Lyon, M Merrill, FE Morris, CL Rightly, P Saunders, A Tupa, D AF Rigg, P. A. Schwartz, C. L. Hixson, R. S. Hogan, G. E. Kwiatkowski, K. K. Mariam, F. G. Marr-Lyon, M. Merrill, F. E. Morris, C. L. Rightly, P. Saunders, A. Tupa, D. TI Proton radiography and accurate density measurements: A window into shock wave processes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM AB Direct density measurements were made from shock-loaded aluminum and copper samples by combining plate-impact experiments with proton radiography at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Flyer plates were accelerated using a 40 mm bore powder gun to create a shock wave in a sample. The sample material was then interrogated in real time using the proton radiography facility. The increase in density behind the shock front causes a measurable change in the transmission of protons through the sample, which can then be quantified as a density value in the material. Hugoniot values were calculated using more traditional techniques to evaluate the accuracy of the radiographically obtained density measurements. C1 [Rigg, P. A.; Schwartz, C. L.; Hixson, R. S.; Hogan, G. E.; Kwiatkowski, K. K.; Mariam, F. G.; Marr-Lyon, M.; Merrill, F. E.; Morris, C. L.; Rightly, P.; Saunders, A.; Tupa, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rigg, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM prigg@lanl.gov OI Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255; Tupa, Dale/0000-0002-6265-5016; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 220101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.220101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300001 ER PT J AU Rusz, J Oppeneer, PM Curro, NJ Urbano, RR Young, BL Lebegue, S Pagliuso, PG Pham, LD Bauer, ED Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Rusz, Jan Oppeneer, Peter M. Curro, Nicholas J. Urbano, Ricardo R. Young, Ben-Li Lebegue, S. Pagliuso, Pascoal G. Pham, Long D. Bauer, Eric D. Sarrao, John L. Fisk, Zachary TI Probing the electronic structure of pure and doped CeMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir) crystals with nuclear quadrupolar resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FERMI-SURFACE; CEIRIN5; CERHIN5; CECOIN5; PRESSURE; DENSITY; CRITICALITY; GRADIENT; STATE AB We report calculations of the electric-field gradients (EFGs) in pure and doped CeMIn5 (M=Co, Rh, and Ir) compounds and compare with experiment. The degree to which the Ce 4f electron is localized is treated within various models: the local-density approximation, generalized gradient approximation (GGA), GGA+U, and 4f-core approaches. We find that there is a correlation between the observed EFG and whether the 4f electron participates in the band formation or not. We also find that the EFG evolves linearly with Sn doping in CeRhIn5, suggesting the electronic structure is modified by doping. In contrast, the observed EFG in CeCoIn5 doped with Cd changes little with doping. These results indicate that nuclear quadrupolar resonance is a sensitive probe of electronic structure. C1 [Rusz, Jan; Oppeneer, Peter M.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Mat Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. [Rusz, Jan] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague, Czech Republic. [Curro, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Urbano, Ricardo R.; Bauer, Eric D.; Sarrao, John L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Young, Ben-Li] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Electrophys, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Lebegue, S.] Univ Henri Poincare, Lab Cristallog & Modelisat Mat Mineraux & Biol, CNRS, UMR 7036, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Pagliuso, Pascoal G.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Fisk, Zachary] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Rusz, J (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Mat Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM jan.rusz@fysik.uu.se RI Rusz, Jan/A-3324-2008; Lebegue, sebastien/A-7851-2010; Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Urbano, Ricardo/F-5017-2012; Curro, Nicholas/D-3413-2009; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; OI Rusz, Jan/0000-0002-0074-1349; Curro, Nicholas/0000-0001-7829-0237; Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245124 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245124 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700037 ER PT J AU Salvador, JR Shi, X Yang, J Wang, H AF Salvador, J. R. Shi, X. Yang, J. Wang, H. TI Synthesis and transport properties of M(3)Ni(3)Sb(4) (M=Zr and Hf): An intermetallic semiconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LOW THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; HIGH FIGURE; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; SKUTTERUDITES; MERIT; AGPBMSBTE2+M; ANTIMONIDES; Y3AU3SB4; ZRNISN AB The Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, and Hall effect for the cubic phases M(3)Ni(3)Sb(4) (M=Zr or Hf) have been measured. These materials were synthesized by induction melting of the constituent elements with subsequent annealing. Powder x-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis reveal that a single phase of the Y(3)Au(3)Sb(4) structure type was obtained. The Seebeck coefficients of both Hf(3)Ni(3)Sb(4) and Zr(3)Ni(3)Sb(4) were found to be small, negative, and temperature independent below 150 K. Above this temperature a positive Seebeck coefficient is observed with a nearly linear temperature dependence. Modeling of the Hall coefficient and resistivity reveals that the transport properties of these materials can be explained using a two-band model of impurity conduction dominant at low temperatures and valence band conduction prevalent at temperatures above 150 K. Both compounds exhibit low thermal conductivity with values of 4.3 W/m-K and 2.7 W/m-K at room temperature for the Zr and Hf analogs, respectively. This may make these materials interesting for intermediate- to high-temperature thermoelectric applications. The effect of Sb deficiency on the thermoelectric properties is also investigated. Parallels in behavior between the title compounds and the half-Heuslers MNiSn (M=Zr and Hf) are observed and explained. C1 [Yang, J.] GM R&D Ctr, Mat & Proc Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. [Wang, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Salvador, J. R.; Shi, X.] Optimal Inc, Plymouth 48170, Devon, England. RP Yang, J (reprint author), GM R&D Ctr, Mat & Proc Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. EM jihui.yang@gm.com RI Yang, Jihui/A-3109-2009; shi, xun/B-4499-2009; Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI shi, xun/0000-0002-3806-0303; Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235217 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235217 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500067 ER PT J AU Samulon, EC Jo, YJ Sengupta, P Batista, CD Jaime, M Balicas, L Fisher, IR AF Samulon, E. C. Jo, Y. -J. Sengupta, P. Batista, C. D. Jaime, M. Balicas, L. Fisher, I. R. TI Ordered magnetic phases of the frustrated spin-dimer compound Ba(3)Mn(2)O(8) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; LATTICE AB Ba(3)Mn(2)O(8) is a spin-dimer compound based on pairs of S=1, 3d(2), Mn(5+) ions arranged on a triangular lattice. Antiferromagnetic intradimer exchange leads to a singlet ground state in zero field. Here we present the first results of thermodynamic measurements for single crystals probing the high-field ordered states of this material associated with closing the spin gap to the excited triplet states. Specific heat, magnetocaloric effect, and torque magnetometry measurements were performed in magnetic fields up to 32 T and temperatures down to 20 mK. For fields above H(c1)similar to 8.7 T, these measurements reveal a single magnetic phase for H parallel to c but two distinct phases (approximately symmetric about the center of the phase diagram) for H perpendicular to c. Analysis of the simplest possible spin Hamiltonian describing this system yields candidates for these ordered states corresponding to a simple spiral structure for H parallel to c and to two distinct modulated phases for H perpendicular to c. Both single-ion anisotropy and geometric frustration play crucial roles in defining the phase diagram. C1 [Samulon, E. C.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Samulon, E. C.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Jo, Y. -J.; Balicas, L.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Sengupta, P.; Batista, C. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sengupta, P.; Jaime, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nat High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Samulon, EC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Sengupta, Pinaki/B-6999-2011; Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220; NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214441 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900085 ER PT J AU Schroder, C Prozorov, R Kogerler, P Vannette, MD Fang, XK Luban, M Matsuo, A Kindo, K Muller, A Todea, AM AF Schroeder, Christian Prozorov, Ruslan Koegerler, Paul Vannette, Matthew D. Fang, Xikui Luban, Marshall Matsuo, Akira Kindo, Koichi Mueller, Achim Todea, Ana Maria TI Multiple nearest-neighbor exchange model for the frustrated magnetic molecules {Mo72Fe30} and {Mo72Cr30} SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATE; FIELD AB Our measurements of the differential susceptibility partial derivative M/partial derivative H of the frustrated magnetic molecules {Mo72Fe30} and {Mo72Cr30} reveal a pronounced dependence on magnetic field (H) and temperature (T) in the low H-low T regime, contrary to the predictions of the existing models. Excellent agreement with experiment is achieved upon formulating a nearest-neighbor classical Heisenberg model where the 60 nearest-neighbor exchange interactions in each molecule, rather than being identical as has been assumed heretofore, are described by a two-parameter rectangular probability distribution of values of the exchange constant. We suggest that the probability distribution provides a convenient phenomenological platform for summarizing the combined effects of multiple microscopic mechanisms that disrupt the idealized picture of a Heisenberg model based on a single value of the nearest-neighbor exchange constant. C1 [Schroeder, Christian] Univ Appl Sci Bielefeld, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, D-33602 Bielefeld, Germany. [Prozorov, Ruslan; Koegerler, Paul; Vannette, Matthew D.; Fang, Xikui; Luban, Marshall] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Prozorov, Ruslan; Koegerler, Paul; Vannette, Matthew D.; Fang, Xikui; Luban, Marshall] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Matsuo, Akira; Kindo, Koichi] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Chiba 2778581, Japan. [Mueller, Achim; Todea, Ana Maria] Univ Bielefeld, Fac Chem, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Schroder, C (reprint author), Univ Appl Sci Bielefeld, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, D-33602 Bielefeld, Germany. EM christian.schroeder@fh-bielefeld.de RI Prozorov, Ruslan/A-2487-2008; Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013; OI Prozorov, Ruslan/0000-0002-8088-6096; Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953; Muller, Achim/0000-0003-0117-4021 NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224409 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300051 ER PT J AU Selling, J Bielemeier, B Wortmann, G Johnson, JA Alp, EE Chen, T Brown, DE Johnson, CE Schweizer, S AF Selling, J. Bielemeier, B. Wortmann, G. Johnson, J. A. Alp, E. E. Chen, T. Brown, D. E. Johnson, C. E. Schweizer, S. TI Paramagnetic hyperfine splitting in the (151)Eu Mossbauer spectra of CaF(2): Eu(2+) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID S-STATE IONS; ISOMER-SHIFT; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; DILUTE EU2; RELAXATION; RESONANCE; GLASSES; ALLOYS; EU-2+ AB (151)Eu Mossbauer spectra in zero magnetic field of highly dilute (0.1 mol%) Eu(2+) ions in CaF(2) showed an almost temperature-independent asymmetrically split pattern, arising from the paramagnetic hyperfine interaction AS.I in a cubic crystal field with slow electron spin relaxation; in a small external magnetic field B of 0.2 T such that g mu(B)B>A an almost symmetrical pattern was observed. Both the spectra with and without external field are well described using the spin Hamiltonian and previous electron paramagnetic resonance data. A more concentrated (2 mol% Eu(2+)) sample exhibited a strongly broadened symmetrical resonance line due to an increased Eu-Eu spin relaxation rate; in an external magnetic field of 0.2 T the Mossbauer spectra exhibited further broadening and additional magnetic structures due to the reduced relaxation rate. When a large field of 6 T was applied such that g mu(B)B is much larger than the crystal field splitting, a fully resolved hyperfine pattern was observed at 2.5 K, with an effective field at the Eu nuclei of -33.7 T; at higher temperatures superimposed patterns originating from excited electronic states were observed in the spectra. The present results on the highly dilute CaF(2):0.1%Eu(2+) sample deliver a straightforward explanation for previous observations of a seemingly large dependence of the Eu(2+) isomer shift on europium concentration. C1 [Schweizer, S.] Fraunhofer Ctr Silicon Photovolta, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Schweizer, S.] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Phys, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Selling, J.; Bielemeier, B.; Wortmann, G.] Univ Gesamthsch Paderborn, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany. [Johnson, J. A.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Space, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. [Johnson, J. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Alp, E. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chen, T.; Brown, D. E.; Johnson, C. E.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Schweizer, S (reprint author), Fraunhofer Ctr Silicon Photovolta, Walter Hulse Str 1, D-06120 Halle, Germany. EM Stefan.Schweizer@csp.fraunhofer.de RI Schweizer, Stefan/H-3518-2011; Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014 OI Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224442 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224442 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300084 ER PT J AU Shin, J Nascimento, VB Borisevich, AY Plummer, EW Kalinin, SV Baddorf, AP AF Shin, Junsoo Nascimento, V. B. Borisevich, A. Y. Plummer, E. W. Kalinin, S. V. Baddorf, A. P. TI Polar distortion in ultrathin BaTiO(3) films studied by in situ LEED I-V SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; FERROELECTRICITY; DIFFRACTION AB Phase stability in nanoscale ferroelectrics is governed by the interplay of electrostatic depolarization energy, domain formation, adsorption, and surface band bending. Using in situ low-energy electron-diffraction intensity versus voltage (LEED I-V ), we have characterized 4 and 10 ML BaTiO(3) films, grown using pulsed laser deposition with fully compressive strain on a SrRuO(3)/SrTiO(3) substrate. LEED I-V reveals a single surface dead layer and a monodomain vertically polarized state below. The single orientation is attributed to the intrinsic imprint asymmetry and the stability of a polarized phase to compensation of depolarizing charges by dipoles induced by surface stress. C1 [Plummer, E. W.; Kalinin, S. V.; Baddorf, A. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shin, Junsoo; Nascimento, V. B.; Plummer, E. W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Shin, Junsoo; Borisevich, A. Y.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Baddorf, AP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM baddorfap@ornl.gov RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Borisevich, Albina/B-1624-2009; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Borisevich, Albina/0000-0002-3953-8460; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245437 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245437 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700125 ER PT J AU Sinitsyn, NA Dobrovitski, VV Urazhdin, S Saxena, A AF Sinitsyn, N. A. Dobrovitski, V. V. Urazhdin, S. Saxena, Avadh TI Geometric control over the motion of magnetic domain walls SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIRAL WAVES; DYNAMICS; FIELD AB We propose a method that enables a precise control of magnetic patterns and relies only on the fundamental properties of the wire as well as on the choice of the path in the controlled parameter space but not on the rate of motion along this path. Possible experimental realizations of this mechanism are discussed. In particular, we show that the domain walls in magnetic nanowires can be translated by rotation of the magnetic easy axis or by applying pulses of magnetic field directed transverse to the magnetic easy axis. C1 [Sinitsyn, N. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Urazhdin, S.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sinitsyn, NA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Sinitsyn, nikolai/B-5617-2009 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 212405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.212405 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900009 ER PT J AU Steiner, MA Breznay, NP Kapitulnik, A AF Steiner, Myles A. Breznay, Nicholas P. Kapitulnik, Aharon TI Approach to a superconductor-to-Bose-insulator transition in disordered films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE AB Through a detailed study of scaling near the magnetic field-tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition in strongly disordered films, we find that results for a variety of materials can be collapsed onto a single phase diagram. The data display two clear branches, one with weak disorder and an intervening metallic phase, the other with strong disorder. Along the strongly disordered branch, the resistance at the critical point approaches R(Q)=h/4e(2) and the scaling of the resistance is consistent with quantum percolation and, therefore, with the predictions of the dirty boson model. C1 [Steiner, Myles A.; Breznay, Nicholas P.; Kapitulnik, Aharon] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kapitulnik, Aharon] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Steiner, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 21 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 212501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.212501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900014 ER PT J AU Stumpf, R Bastasz, R Whaley, JA Ellis, WP AF Stumpf, R. Bastasz, R. Whaley, J. A. Ellis, W. P. TI Effect of adsorbed hydrogen on the stability of titanium atoms on aluminum surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; STORAGE MATERIALS; SODIUM ALANATE; BASIS-SET; TI; HYDRIDES; AL; SEGREGATION AB The thermal stability of Ti atoms evaporated onto polycrystalline Al and Al(100) surfaces was studied using ion scattering spectroscopy. Measurements were made in vacuum and in the presence of deuterium. When heated in vacuum, Ti begins to disappear from the surface at substrate temperatures below 100 degrees C and is not detected on the surface at temperatures above 250 degrees C. When measurements are made while the sample is being exposed to atomic D, Ti persists on the surface to noticeably higher temperatures. Diffusion coefficients for surface Ti moving into the Al substrate were obtained at temperatures in the range 25-150 degrees C. The experimental results are compared to density-functional theory calculations, which indicate that direct and Al mediated H-Ti interactions stabilize surface Ti. At H coverages around 1 ML (monolayer), the most stable structure has 1/2 ML Ti in the second layer and 1 ML H on specific bridge sites on the top Al layer. Ti directly exposed to the surface is less stable and thus likely to be less active for Ti catalysis of H sorption in alanate H storage materials. C1 [Stumpf, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bastasz, R.; Whaley, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ellis, W. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stumpf, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rrstump@sandia.gov NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 23 AR 235413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235413 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FG UT WOS:000257289500103 ER PT J AU Tao, JM Perdew, JP Almeida, LM Fiolhais, C Kummel, S AF Tao, Jianmin Perdew, John P. Almeida, Luis Miguel Fiolhais, Carlos Kuemmel, Stephan TI Nonempirical density functionals investigated for jellium: Spin-polarized surfaces, spherical clusters, and bulk linear response SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INHOMOGENEOUS ELECTRON-GAS; KINETIC-ENERGY DENSITY; EXCHANGE ENERGY; STABILIZED JELLIUM; METAL-SURFACES; EXPANSION; ACCURATE; PERFORMANCE; MODEL AB Jellium, a simple model of metals, is a standard testing ground for density functionals both for bulk and for surface properties. Earlier tests show that the Tao-Perdew-Staroverov-Scuseria (TPSS) nonempirical metageneralized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) for the exchange-correlation energy yields more accurate surface energies than the local spin density (LSD) approximation for spin-unpolarized jellium. In this study, work functions and surface energies of a jellium metal in the presence of "internal" and external magnetic fields are calculated with LSD, Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) GGA, and TPSS meta-GGA and its predecessor, the nearly nonempirical Perdew-Kurth-Zupan-Blaha meta-GGA, using self-consistent LSD orbitals and densities. The results show that (i) For normal bulk densities, the surface correlation energy is the same in TPSS as in PBE, as it should be since TPSS strives to represent a self-correlation correction to PBE; (ii) Normal surface density profiles can be scaled uniformly to the low-density or strong-interaction limit, and TPSS provides an estimate for that limit that is consistent with (but probably more accurate than) other estimates; (iii) For both normal and low densities, TPSS provides the same description of surface magnetism as PBE, suggesting that these approximations may be generally equivalent for magnetism. The energies of jellium spheres with up to 106 electrons are calculated using density functionals and compared to those obtained with diffusion quantum Monte Carlo data, including our estimate for the fixed-node correction. Typically, while PBE energies are too low for spheres with more than about two electrons, LSD and TPSS are accurate there. We confirm that curvature energies are lower in PBE and TPSS than in LSD. Finally, we calculate the linear response of bulk jellium using these density functionals and find that not only LSD but also PBE GGA and TPSS meta-GGA yield a linear response in good agreement with that of the quantum Monte Carlo method, for wave vectors of the perturbing external potential up to twice the Fermi wave vector. C1 [Tao, Jianmin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tao, Jianmin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Perdew, John P.] Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Perdew, John P.] Tulane Univ, Quantum Theory Grp, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Almeida, Luis Miguel] Univ Aveiro, Dept Phys, P-3810 Aveiro, Portugal. [Fiolhais, Carlos] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Fiolhais, Carlos] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Computat Phys, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Kuemmel, Stephan] Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Tao, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Universidade Aveiro, Departamento Fisica/E-4128-2013; Almeida, Luis/J-4365-2013; Kummel, Stephan/K-5634-2014; OI Almeida, Luis/0000-0002-3546-9955; Fiolhais, Carlos/0000-0002-1527-0738; Kummel, Stephan/0000-0001-5914-6635 NR 76 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245107 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700020 ER PT J AU van Veenendaal, M Haverkort, MW AF van Veenendaal, Michel Haverkort, M. W. TI Effective operator for d-d transitions in nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCITATIONS; SPECTRA AB Recent experiments by Larson [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 026401 (2007)] demonstrate the feasibility of measuring local d-d excitations using nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS). We establish a general framework for the interpretation where the d-d transitions created in the scattering process are expressed in effective one-particle operators that follow a simple selection rule. The different operators can be selectively probed by employing their different dependence on the direction and magnitude of the transferred momentum. We use the operators to explain the presence of nodal directions and the nonresonant IXS in specific directions and planes. We demonstrate how nonresonant IXS can be used to extract valuable ground state information for orbiton excitations in manganite. C1 [van Veenendaal, Michel] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [van Veenendaal, Michel] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Haverkort, M. W.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Haverkort, M. W.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP van Veenendaal, M (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RI Haverkort, Maurits W./D-2319-2009 OI Haverkort, Maurits W./0000-0002-7216-3146 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224107 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300026 ER PT J AU Wang, ZG Zu, XT Gao, F Weber, WJ AF Wang, Zhiguo Zu, Xiaotao Gao, Fei Weber, William J. TI Atomistic simulations of the mechanical properties of silicon carbide nanowires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; CARBON NANOTUBES; SIC WHISKERS; NANORODS; DEFORMATION; POTENTIALS; ELASTICITY; STABILITY; STRENGTH AB Molecular-dynamics methods using the Tersoff bond-order potential are performed to study the nanomechanical behavior of [111]-oriented beta-SiC nanowires under tension, compression, torsion, combined tension-torsion, and combined compression-torsion. Under axial tensile strain, the bonds of the nanowires are just stretched before the failure of nanowires by bond breakage. The failure behavior is found to depend on size and temperatures. Under axial compressive strain, the collapse of the SiC nanowires by yielding or column buckling mode depends on the length and diameters of the nanowires, and the latter is consistent with the analysis of equivalent continuum structures using Euler buckling theory. The nanowires collapse through a phase transformation-from crystal to amorphous structure-in several atomic layers under torsion strain. Under combined loading the failure and buckling modes are not affected by the torsion with a small torsion rate, but the critical stress decreases by increasing the torsion rate. Torsion buckling occurs before the failure and buckling with a big torsion rate. Plastic deformation appears in the buckling zone by further increasing the combined loading. C1 [Wang, Zhiguo; Zu, Xiaotao] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Gao, Fei; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, ZG (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM zgwang@uestc.edu.cn RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012; Wang, Zhiguo/B-7132-2009 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; NR 43 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 22 AR 224113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.224113 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FE UT WOS:000257289300032 ER PT J AU Yu, LP Ranjan, V Lu, W Bernholc, J Nardelli, MB AF Yu, Liping Ranjan, V. Lu, W. Bernholc, J. Nardelli, M. Buongiorno TI Equivalence of dipole correction and Coulomb cutoff techniques in supercell calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; LATTICE SUMS; HARTREE-FOCK; AB-INITIO; SYSTEMS; POLARIZATION AB In ab initio calculations of surfaces or nonperiodic systems, one frequently relies on the supercell approximation, where the periodic replicas of the system are separated by enough empty space to avoid spurious interactions between the successive images. However, a vacuum separation is not sufficient to screen the dipolar interaction that appears in asymmetrically charged or polar systems. The dipole correction and Coulomb cutoff methods are often used to eliminate such interactions between the periodic replicas. In this work, these methods are compared under the same conditions in the framework of plane-wave based density-functional theory. The dipole correction method is shown to be equivalent to the rigorous Coulomb cutoff formalism in the calculations of total energy, force, charge density, and self-consistent potential. We demonstrate that the band structures obtained by these methods coincide for the localized bound states and that the corrections have essentially no influence on the occupied energy bands, only substantially affecting the unoccupied bands. By comparing the results of the two methods, the localized bound states of interest can be easily distinguished from the highly delocalized unoccupied states using a relatively small supercell. This comparison offers substantial savings in the computational time when ascertaining convergence with supercell size. The accuracy of the dipole correction method is also confirmed by comparing the results for a model ferroelectric BaTiO(3) slab with a Berry-phase calculation of polarization for the bulk system. C1 [Yu, Liping; Ranjan, V.; Lu, W.; Bernholc, J.; Nardelli, M. Buongiorno] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yu, Liping; Ranjan, V.; Lu, W.; Bernholc, J.; Nardelli, M. Buongiorno] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lu, W.; Bernholc, J.; Nardelli, M. Buongiorno] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CSMD, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yu, LP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Yu, Liping/B-4640-2008 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245102 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700015 ER PT J AU Yu, R Dong, S Sen, CI Alvarez, G Dagotto, E AF Yu, Rong Dong, Shuai Sen, Cengiz Alvarez, Gonzalo Dagotto, Elbio TI Short-range spin and charge correlations and local density of states in the colossal magnetoresistance regime of the single-orbital model for manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; PHASE-SEPARATION; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; PHYSICS; OXIDE; LA1-XSRXMNO3; CONDUCTANCE; PSEUDOGAP AB The metal-insulator transition, and the associated magnetic transition, in the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) regime of the one-orbital model for manganites is studied here using Monte Carlo (MC) techniques in two-dimensional clusters. Both cooperative oxygen lattice distortions and a finite superexchange coupling among the t(2g) spins are included in our investigations. Charge and spin correlations are studied. In the CMR regime, a strong competition between the ferromagnetic metallic and the antiferromagnetic charge-ordered insulating states is observed. This competition is shown to be important to understand the resistivity peak that appears near the critical temperature. Moreover, it is argued that the system is dynamically inhomogeneous with short-range charge and spin correlations that slowly evolve with MC time, producing the glassy characteristics of the CMR state. The local density of states (LDOS) is also investigated and a pseudogap (PG), identified as a dip in the LDOS at the Fermi energy, is found to exist in the CMR temperature range. The width of the PG in the LDOS is calculated and directly compared to recent scanning-tunneling-spectroscopy (STS) experimental results. The observed agreement between our calculation and the experiment suggests that the depletion of the conductance at low bias observed experimentally is a reflection on the existence of a PG in the LDOS spectra. The apparent homogeneity observed via STS techniques could be caused by the slow time characteristics of this probe. Faster experimental methods should unveil a rather inhomogeneous state in the CMR regime, as already observed in neutron-scattering experiments. C1 [Yu, Rong; Dong, Shuai; Dagotto, Elbio] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Yu, Rong; Dong, Shuai; Dagotto, Elbio] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dong, Shuai] Nanjing Univ, Nanjing Natl Lab Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Sen, Cengiz] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Alvarez, Gonzalo] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Alvarez, Gonzalo] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yu, R (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI YU, RONG/C-1506-2012; Yu, Rong/K-5854-2012; Dong (董), Shuai (帅)/A-5513-2008; Yu, Rong/H-3355-2016 OI Dong (董), Shuai (帅)/0000-0002-6910-6319; NR 56 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214434 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900078 ER PT J AU Zayak, AT Huang, X Neaton, JB Rabe, KM AF Zayak, A. T. Huang, X. Neaton, J. B. Rabe, Karin M. TI Manipulating magnetic properties of SrRuO(3) and CaRuO(3) with epitaxial and uniaxial strains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THIN-FILMS; POLARIZATION ENHANCEMENT; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SUPERLATTICES AB Using density-functional theory within the local spin-density approximation, SrRuO(3) and CaRuO(3) are investigated under epitaxial and uniaxial strains. Strains of the order of 2%-3% are predicted to radically alter the magnetic properties of SrRuO(3) and CaRuO(3) ultrathin films, indicating a large magnetostructural coupling in these systems. In particular, SrRuO(3) is shown to become nonmagnetic for sufficient tensile epitaxial and compressive uniaxial strains; in contrast, CaRuO(3) is predicted to become ferromagnetic for tensile epitaxial strains. These results suggest routes for the manipulation of the magnetic order of perovskite oxides ultrathin films via coherent epitaxial growth. C1 [Zayak, A. T.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Huang, X.] LLC, RJ Mears, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Neaton, J. B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rabe, Karin M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Zayak, AT (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM alexey@ices.utexas.edu RI Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015 OI Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135 NR 33 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214410 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214410 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900054 ER PT J AU Zhu, YZ Chen, GD Ye, HG Walsh, A Moon, CY Wei, SH AF Zhu, Y. Z. Chen, G. D. Ye, Honggang Walsh, Aron Moon, C. Y. Wei, Su-Huai TI Electronic structure and phase stability of MgO, ZnO, CdO, and related ternary alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-RANDOM STRUCTURES; CHEMICAL TRENDS; SPECIAL POINTS; BAND OFFSETS; II-VI; MGXZN1-XO; GAP; SEMICONDUCTORS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; CRYSTALS AB The electronic structure and phase stability of MgO, ZnO, CdO, and related alloys in the rocksalt (B1), zincblende (B3), and wurtzite (B4) crystal structures were examined within first-principles band structure theory; the thermodynamically stable phases are reproduced for each material. The band alignment and band-gap deformation potentials were analyzed, showing an increase in the valence band maximum from Mg to Zn to Cd. Ternary alloy formation was explored through application of the special quasirandom structure method. The B1 structure is stable over all (Mg,Cd)O compositions, as expected from the preferences of the binary oxides. The (Mg,Zn)O alloy undergoes a tetrahedral to octahedral transition above 34% Mg content, in agreement with experiment. For (Zn,Cd)O, a transition is predicted above 62% Cd content. These results imply that band-gap manipulation of ZnO from alloying with Mg (Cd) will be limited to 4.0 eV (1.6 eV), while preserving the tetrahedral coordination of the host. C1 [Zhu, Y. Z.; Chen, G. D.; Ye, Honggang] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Walsh, Aron; Moon, C. Y.; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhu, YZ (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RI Walsh, Aron/A-7843-2008; Ye, Honggang/A-8035-2008; Chen, Guangde/D-4373-2011; chen, guangde/I-4260-2014 OI Walsh, Aron/0000-0001-5460-7033; Ye, Honggang/0000-0002-5643-5914; NR 40 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 5 U2 73 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 24 AR 245209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245209 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FI UT WOS:000257289700055 ER PT J AU Zubelewicz, A AF Zubelewicz, Aleksander TI Metal behavior at extreme loading rates: Thermodynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SHOCK COMPRESSION; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH; CRITERIA; GROWTH; COPPER; SPALL; SHEAR AB The objective of the study is to develop thermodynamics based approach, which explains several nonequilibrium phenomena in metals at extreme loading rates. It is a microscale analysis in which mobile defects such as dislocations enable the redistribution of energy within the stressed metal. The redistribution promotes the formation of submicrometer defect structures (slip bands and/or dislocation cells). The noncoincidental arrangement of the defects allows minimizing of free energy and offers the material the best opportunity to survive under the loading conditions. The slip bands are homogenized within a characteristic temporal and spatial scale, and appear in the form of perturbations in the field of particle velocity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zubelewicz, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 21 AR 214111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214111 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 321FA UT WOS:000257288900032 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betts, RR Bhardwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bombara, M Bonner, BE Botje, M Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Callner, J Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, SU Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M de Moura, MM Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Dietel, T Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, F Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, E Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jin, F Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kaplan, M Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kumar, A Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S LaPointe, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Y Lin, G Lin, X Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meschanin, A Millane, J Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nepali, C Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Porile, N Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qattan, IA Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Rykov, V Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Van der Kolk, N van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, J Wu, Y Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Z Yepes, P Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, H Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Bai, Y. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betts, R. R. Bhardwaj, S. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Botje, M. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Callner, J. Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, S. U. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Coffin, J. P. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. de Moura, M. M. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Dietel, T. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, F. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Edwards, W. R. Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Emelianov, V. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Hughes, E. W. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jin, F. Jones, P. G. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kaplan, M. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Kopytine, M. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Kuhn, C. Kumar, A. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Lange, S. LaPointe, S. Laue, F. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C-H. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lin, X. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Lynn, D. Ma, G. L. Ma, J. G. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Millane, J. Miller, M. L. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitchell, J. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nepali, C. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Pal, S. K. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Porile, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potekhin, M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qattan, I. A. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Rykov, V. Sahoo, R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X-H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stadnik, A. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trattner, A. L. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. Van der Kolk, N. van Leeuwen, M. Molen, A. M. Vander Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasilevski, I. M. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Waggoner, W. T. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, J. Wu, Y. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Z. Yepes, P. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, H. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Spin alignment measurements of the K*(0)(892) and phi(1020) vector mesons in heavy ion collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HYPERON POLARIZATION; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; HIGH-ENERGIES; HADRON-PRODUCTION; K&P INTERACTIONS; Z(0) DECAYS; SIGNATURE; PROTONS; PP AB We present the first spin alignment measurements for the K*(0)(892) and phi(1020) vector mesons produced at midrapidity with transverse momenta up to 5 GeV/c at root s(NN) = 200 GeV at RHIC. The diagonal spin-density matrix elements with respect to the reaction plane in Au+Au collisions are rho(00) = 0.32 +/- 0.04 (stat) +/- 0.09 (syst) for the K*(0) (0.8 < p(T) < 5.0 GeV/c) and rho(00) = 0.34 +/- 0.02 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst) for the phi (0.4 < p(T) < 5.0 GeV/c) and are constant with transverse momentum and collision centrality. The data are consistent with the unpolarized expectation of 1/3 and thus no evidence is found for the transfer of the orbital angular momentum of the colliding system to the vector-meson spins. Spin alignments for K-*0 and phi in Au+Au collisions were also measured with respect to the particle's production plane. The phi result, rho(00) = 0.41 +/- 0.02 (stat) +/- 0.04 (syst), is consistent with that in p+p collisions, rho(00) = 0.39 +/- 0.03 (stat) +/- 0.06 (syst), also measured in this work. The measurements thus constrain the possible size of polarization phenomena in the production dynamics of vector mesons. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Garcia-Solis, E.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Bueltmann, S.; Christie, W.; Chung, S. U.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Laue, F.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Lynn, D.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Potekhin, M.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Zhang, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hughes, E. W.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.; Trattner, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Ma, J. G.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Kaplan, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.; Waggoner, W. T.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Pachr, M.; Sumbera, M.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 250068, Czech Republic. [Averichev, G. S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Kechechyan, A.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Stadnik, A.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. [Arkhipkin, D.; Filip, P.; Lednicky, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Inst Particle Phys, Dubna, Russia. 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S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Hoffman, A. M.; Kocoloski, A.; Millane, J.; Miller, M. L.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Molen, A. M. Vander; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Emelianov, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Bai, Y.; Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Grebenyuk, O.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; Van der Kolk, N.; van Leeuwen, M.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bai, Y.; Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Grebenyuk, O.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; Van der Kolk, N.; van Leeuwen, M.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Kisiel, A.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, A.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Porile, N.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Tarnowsky, T.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C-H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Bhardwaj, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; Mitchell, J.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; de Moura, M. M.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Liu, H.; Liu, J.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Lin, G.; Ma, J. G.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X-H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Y.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, C.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Lin, G.; Lin, X.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] HZNU CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Du, F.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Witt, R.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk, Naomi/M-9423-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Tang, Zebo/A-9939-2014; Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014 OI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Tang, Zebo/0000-0002-4247-0081; Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611 NR 52 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.061902 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000007 ER PT J AU Adare, A Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Bataineh, H Alexander, J Al-Jamel, A Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Asai, J Atomssa, ET Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Babintsev, V Baksay, G Baksay, L Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bennett, R Berdnikov, Y Bickley, AA Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Boyle, K Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Campbell, S Chai, JS Chang, BS Charvet, JL Chernichenko, S Chiba, J Chi, CY Chiu, M Choi, IJ Chujo, T Chung, P Churyn, A Cianciolo, V Cleven, CR Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Dahms, T Das, K David, G Deaton, MB Dehmelt, K Delagrange, H Denisov, A d'Enterria, D Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dion, A Donadelli, M Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Dubey, AK Durum, A Dzhordzhadze, V Efremenko, YV Egdemir, J Ellinghaus, F Emam, WS Enokizono, A En'yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Eyser, KO Fields, DE Finger, M Finger, M Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Forestier, B Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fujiwara, K Fukao, Y Fung, SY Fusayasu, T Gadrat, S Garishvili, I Gastineau, F Germain, M Glenn, A Gong, H Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Henni, AH Haegemann, C Haggerty, JS Hagiwara, MN Hamagaki, H Han, R Harada, H Hartouni, EP Haruna, K Harvey, M Haslum, E Hasuko, K Hayano, R Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Hester, T Heuser, JM He, X Hiejima, H Hill, JC Hobbs, R Hohlmann, M Holmes, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Horaguchi, T Hornback, D Hur, MG Ichihara, T Imai, K Imrek, J Inaba, M Inoue, Y Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jia, J Jin, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kamin, J Kaneta, M Kang, JH Kanou, H Kawagishi, T Kawall, D Kazantsev, AV Kelly, S Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, E Kim, YS Kinney, E Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klay, J Klein-Boesing, C Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Komkov, B Konno, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kral, A Kravitz, A Kroon, PJ Kubart, J Kunde, GJ Kurihara, N Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lai, YS Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Le Bornec, Y Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, MK Lee, T Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Lenzi, B Lim, H Liska, T Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Li, X Li, XH Love, B Lynch, D Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mao, Y Masek, L Masui, H Matathias, F McCain, MC McCumber, M McGaughey, PL Miake, Y Mikes, P Miki, K Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mishra, GC Mishra, M Mitchell, JT Mitrovski, M Morreale, A Morrison, DP Moss, JM Moukhanova, TV Mukhopadhyay, D Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagata, Y Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nakagawa, I Nakamiya, Y Nakamura, T Nakano, K Newby, J Nguyen, M Norman, BE Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Oda, SX Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Oka, M Omiwade, OO Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Ouchida, M Ozawa, K Pak, R Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Pate, SF Pei, H Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Rak, J Rakotozafindrabe, A Ravinovich, I Read, KF Rembeczki, S Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Sakata, H Samsonov, V Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Seele, J Seidl, R Semenov, V Seto, R Sharma, D Shea, TK Shein, I Shevel, A Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shimomura, M Shohjoh, T Shoji, K Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Silvestre, C Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Skutnik, S Slunecka, M Smith, WC Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Suire, C Sullivan, JP Sziklai, J Tabaru, T Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Thomas, TL Togawa, M Toia, A Tojo, J Tomasek, L Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Vale, C Valle, H van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Vertesi, R Vinogradov, AA Virius, M Vrba, V Vznuzdaev, E Wagner, M Walker, D Wang, XR Watanabe, Y Wessels, J White, SN Willis, N Winter, D Woody, CL Wysocki, M Xie, W Yamaguchi, YL Yanovich, A Yasin, Z Ying, J Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudtke, O Zhang, C Zhou, S Zimanyi, J Zolin, L AF Adare, A. Afanasiev, S. Aidala, C. Ajitanand, N. N. Akiba, Y. Al-Bataineh, H. Alexander, J. Al-Jamel, A. Aoki, K. Aphecetche, L. Armendariz, R. Aronson, S. H. Asai, J. Atomssa, E. T. Averbeck, R. Awes, T. C. Azmoun, B. Babintsev, V. Baksay, G. Baksay, L. Baldisseri, A. Barish, K. N. Barnes, P. D. Bassalleck, B. Bathe, S. Batsouli, S. Baublis, V. Bauer, F. Bazilevsky, A. Belikov, S. Bennett, R. Berdnikov, Y. Bickley, A. A. Bjorndal, M. T. Boissevain, J. G. Borel, H. Boyle, K. Brooks, M. L. Brown, D. S. Bucher, D. Buesching, H. Bumazhnov, V. Bunce, G. Burward-Hoy, J. M. Butsyk, S. Campbell, S. Chai, J. -S. Chang, B. S. Charvet, J. -L. Chernichenko, S. Chiba, J. Chi, C. Y. Chiu, M. Choi, I. J. Chujo, T. Chung, P. Churyn, A. Cianciolo, V. Cleven, C. R. Cobigo, Y. Cole, B. A. Comets, M. P. Constantin, P. Csanad, M. Csoergo, T. Dahms, T. Das, K. David, G. Deaton, M. B. Dehmelt, K. Delagrange, H. Denisov, A. d'Enterria, D. Deshpande, A. Desmond, E. J. Dietzsch, O. Dion, A. Donadelli, M. Drachenberg, J. L. Drapier, O. Drees, A. Dubey, A. K. Durum, A. Dzhordzhadze, V. Efremenko, Y. V. Egdemir, J. Ellinghaus, F. Emam, W. S. Enokizono, A. En'yo, H. Espagnon, B. Esumi, S. Eyser, K. O. Fields, D. E. Finger, M. Finger, M., Jr. Fleuret, F. Fokin, S. L. Forestier, B. Fraenkel, Z. Frantz, J. E. Franz, A. Frawley, A. D. Fujiwara, K. Fukao, Y. Fung, S. -Y. Fusayasu, T. Gadrat, S. Garishvili, I. Gastineau, F. Germain, M. Glenn, A. Gong, H. Gonin, M. Gosset, J. Goto, Y. de Cassagnac, R. Greiner Grau, N. Greene, S. V. Perdekamp, M. Groose Gunji, T. Gustafsson, H. -A. Hachiya, T. Henni, A. Hadj Haegemann, C. Haggerty, J. S. Hagiwara, M. N. Hamagaki, H. Han, R. Harada, H. Hartouni, E. P. Haruna, K. Harvey, M. Haslum, E. Hasuko, K. Hayano, R. Heffner, M. Hemmick, T. K. Hester, T. Heuser, J. M. He, X. Hiejima, H. Hill, J. C. Hobbs, R. Hohlmann, M. Holmes, M. Holzmann, W. Homma, K. Hong, B. Horaguchi, T. Hornback, D. Hur, M. G. Ichihara, T. Imai, K. Imrek, J. Inaba, M. Inoue, Y. Isenhower, D. Isenhower, L. Ishihara, M. Isobe, T. Issah, M. Isupov, A. Jacak, B. V. Jia, J. Jin, J. Jinnouchi, O. Johnson, B. M. Joo, K. S. Jouan, D. Kajihara, F. Kametani, S. Kamihara, N. Kamin, J. Kaneta, M. Kang, J. H. Kanou, H. Kawagishi, T. Kawall, D. Kazantsev, A. V. Kelly, S. Khanzadeev, A. Kikuchi, J. Kim, D. H. Kim, D. J. Kim, E. Kim, Y. -S. Kinney, E. Kiss, A. Kistenev, E. Kiyomichi, A. Klay, J. Klein-Boesing, C. Kochenda, L. Kochetkov, V. Komkov, B. Konno, M. Kotchetkov, D. Kozlov, A. Kral, A. Kravitz, A. Kroon, P. J. Kubart, J. Kunde, G. J. Kurihara, N. Kurita, K. Kweon, M. J. Kwon, Y. Kyle, G. S. Lacey, R. Lai, Y. -S. Lajoie, J. G. Lebedev, A. Le Bornec, Y. Leckey, S. Lee, D. M. Lee, M. K. Lee, T. Leitch, M. J. Leite, M. A. L. Lenzi, B. Lim, H. Liska, T. Litvinenko, A. Liu, M. X. Li, X. Li, X. H. Love, B. Lynch, D. Maguire, C. F. Makdisi, Y. I. Malakhov, A. Malik, M. D. Manko, V. I. Mao, Y. Masek, L. Masui, H. Matathias, F. McCain, M. C. McCumber, M. McGaughey, P. L. Miake, Y. Mikes, P. Miki, K. Miller, T. E. Milov, A. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, G. C. Mishra, M. Mitchell, J. T. Mitrovski, M. Morreale, A. Morrison, D. P. Moss, J. M. Moukhanova, T. V. Mukhopadhyay, D. Murata, J. Nagamiya, S. Nagata, Y. Nagle, J. L. Naglis, M. Nakagawa, I. Nakamiya, Y. Nakamura, T. Nakano, K. Newby, J. Nguyen, M. Norman, B. E. Nyanin, A. S. Nystrand, J. O'Brien, E. Oda, S. X. Ogilvie, C. A. Ohnishi, H. Ojha, I. D. Okada, H. Okada, K. Oka, M. Omiwade, O. O. Oskarsson, A. Otterlund, I. Ouchida, M. Ozawa, K. Pak, R. Pal, D. Palounek, A. P. T. Pantuev, V. Papavassiliou, V. Park, J. Park, W. J. Pate, S. F. Pei, H. Peng, J. -C. Pereira, H. Peresedov, V. Peressounko, D. Yu. Pinkenburg, C. Pisani, R. P. Purschke, M. L. Purwar, A. K. Qu, H. Rak, J. Rakotozafindrabe, A. Ravinovich, I. Read, K. F. Rembeczki, S. Reuter, M. Reygers, K. Riabov, V. Riabov, Y. Roche, G. Romana, A. Rosati, M. Rosendahl, S. S. E. Rosnet, P. Rukoyatkin, P. Rykov, V. L. Ryu, S. S. Sahlmueller, B. Saito, N. Sakaguchi, T. Sakai, S. Sakata, H. Samsonov, V. Sato, H. D. Sato, S. Sawada, S. Seele, J. Seidl, R. Semenov, V. Seto, R. Sharma, D. Shea, T. K. Shein, I. Shevel, A. Shibata, T. -A. Shigaki, K. Shimomura, M. Shohjoh, T. Shoji, K. Sickles, A. Silva, C. L. Silvermyr, D. Silvestre, C. Sim, K. S. Singh, C. P. Singh, V. Skutnik, S. Slunecka, M. Smith, W. C. Soldatov, A. Soltz, R. A. Sondheim, W. E. Sorensen, S. P. Sourikova, I. V. Staley, F. Stankus, P. W. Stenlund, E. Stepanov, M. Ster, A. Stoll, S. P. Sugitate, T. Suire, C. Sullivan, J. P. Sziklai, J. Tabaru, T. Takagi, S. Takagui, E. M. Taketani, A. Tanaka, K. H. Tanaka, Y. Tanida, K. Tannenbaum, M. J. Taranenko, A. Tarjan, P. Thomas, T. L. Togawa, M. Toia, A. Tojo, J. Tomasek, L. Torii, H. Towell, R. S. Tram, V. -N. Tserruya, I. Tsuchimoto, Y. Tuli, S. K. Tydesjo, H. Tyurin, N. Vale, C. Valle, H. van Hecke, H. W. Velkovska, J. Vertesi, R. Vinogradov, A. A. Virius, M. Vrba, V. Vznuzdaev, E. Wagner, M. Walker, D. Wang, X. R. Watanabe, Y. Wessels, J. White, S. N. Willis, N. Winter, D. Woody, C. L. Wysocki, M. Xie, W. Yamaguchi, Y. L. Yanovich, A. Yasin, Z. Ying, J. Yokkaichi, S. Young, G. R. Younus, I. Yushmanov, I. E. Zajc, W. A. Zaudtke, O. Zhang, C. Zhou, S. Zimanyi, J. Zolin, L. CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Quantitative constraints on the transport properties of hot partonic matter from semi-inclusive single high transverse momentum pion suppression in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS AB The PHENIX experiment has measured the suppression of semi-inclusive single high-transverse-momentum pi(0)'s in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The present understanding of this suppression is in terms of energy loss of the parent (fragmenting) parton in a dense color-charge medium. We have performed a quantitative comparison between various parton energy-loss models and our experimental data. The statistical point-to-point uncorrelated as well as correlated systematic uncertainties are taken into account in the comparison. We detail this methodology and the resulting constraint on the model parameters, such as the initial color-charge density dN(g)/dy, the medium transport coefficient <(q) over cap >, or the initial energy-loss parameter epsilon(0). We find that high-transverse-momentum pi(0) suppression in Au+Au collisions has sufficient precision to constrain these model-dependent parameters at the +/- 20-25% (one standard deviation) level. These constraints include only the experimental uncertainties, and further studies are needed to compute the corresponding theoretical uncertainties. C1 [Adare, A.; Bickley, A. A.; Ellinghaus, F.; Kelly, S.; Kinney, E.; Nagle, J. L.; Seele, J.; Wysocki, M.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Deaton, M. B.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Isenhower, D.; Isenhower, L.; Maguire, C. F.; Omiwade, O. O.; Smith, W. C.; Towell, R. S.] Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. [Mishra, M.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Tuli, S. K.] Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Aronson, S. H.; Azmoun, B.; Bazilevsky, A.; Buesching, H.; David, G.; Desmond, E. J.; Franz, A.; Haggerty, J. S.; Harvey, M.; Johnson, B. M.; Jouan, D.; Kistenev, E.; Lynch, D.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mitchell, J. T.; Morrison, D. P.; O'Brien, E.; Pak, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Purschke, M. L.; Shea, T. K.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stoll, S. P.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; White, S. N.; Woody, C. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bauer, F.; Emam, W. S.; Eyser, K. O.; Fung, S. -Y.; Hester, T.; Kotchetkov, D.; Li, X. H.; Morreale, A.; Seto, R.; Yasin, Z.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.; Kubart, J.; Masek, L.; Mikes, P.] Charles Univ Prague, CR-11636 Prague 1, Czech Republic. [Li, X.; Zhou, S.] CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gunji, T.; Hamagaki, H.; Hayano, R.; Isobe, T.; Kurihara, N.; Oda, S. X.; Ozawa, K.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Aidala, C.; Bjorndal, M. T.; Chi, C. Y.; Cole, B. A.; d'Enterria, D.; Jia, J.; Jin, J.; Kral, A.; Lai, Y. -S.; Winter, D.; Zajc, W. A.; Zhang, C.] Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. [Aidala, C.; Bjorndal, M. T.; Chi, C. Y.; Cole, B. A.; d'Enterria, D.; Jia, J.; Jin, J.; Kral, A.; Lai, Y. -S.; Winter, D.; Zajc, W. A.; Zhang, C.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kral, A.; Virius, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague 16636 6, Czech Republic. [Baldisseri, A.; Borel, H.; Charvet, J. -L.; Cobigo, Y.; Gosset, J.; Pereira, H.; Silvestre, C.; Staley, F.] CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Csanad, M.; Kiss, A.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-4010 Budapest, Hungary. [Baksay, G.; Baksay, L.; Dehmelt, K.; Hohlmann, M.; Rembeczki, S.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Das, K.; Frawley, A. D.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Cleven, C. R.; He, X.; Qu, H.; Ying, J.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Enokizono, A.; Hachiya, T.; Harada, H.; Haruna, K.; Homma, K.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, T.; Ouchida, M.; Sakata, H.; Shigaki, K.; Sugitate, T.; Tsuchimoto, Y.] Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Babintsev, V.; Bumazhnov, V.; Chernichenko, S.; Churyn, A.; Denisov, A.; Durum, A.; Kochetkov, V.; Semenov, V.; Shein, I.; Soldatov, A.; Tyurin, N.; Yanovich, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, IHEP Protvino, RU-142281 Protvino, Russia. [Chiu, M.; Hiejima, H.; McCain, M. C.; Peng, J. -C.; Seidl, R.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kubart, J.; Masek, L.; Mikes, P.; Tomasek, L.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic. [Belikov, S.; Constantin, P.; Grau, N.; Hill, J. C.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lebedev, A.; Pei, H.; Rosati, M.; Skutnik, S.; Vale, C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Afanasiev, S.; Isupov, A.; Litvinenko, A.; Malakhov, A.; Peresedov, V.; Rukoyatkin, P.; Zolin, L.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia. [Chai, J. -S.; Hur, M. G.; Kim, Y. -S.] KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. [Chiba, J.; Nagamiya, S.; Sawada, S.; Tanaka, K. H.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Csoergo, T.; Ster, A.; Sziklai, J.] Hungarian Acad Sci, MTA KFKI RMKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Hong, B.; Kweon, M. J.; Park, J.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Fokin, S. L.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Manko, V. I.; Nyanin, A. S.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Vinogradov, A. A.; Yushmanov, I. E.] Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. [Aoki, K.; Imai, K.; Okada, H.; Saito, N.; Sato, H. D.; Shoji, K.; Togawa, M.; Wagner, M.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Atomssa, E. T.; Drapier, O.; Fleuret, F.; Gonin, M.; de Cassagnac, R. Greiner; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Tram, V. -N.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Hartouni, E. P.; Heffner, M.; Klay, J.; Newby, J.; Soltz, R. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Barnes, P. D.; Boissevain, J. G.; Brooks, M. L.; Burward-Hoy, J. M.; Kunde, G. J.; Lee, D. M.; Leitch, M. J.; Liu, M. X.; McGaughey, P. L.; Moss, J. M.; Norman, B. E.; Palounek, A. P. T.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sullivan, J. P.; van Hecke, H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Forestier, B.; Gadrat, S.; Roche, G.; Rosnet, P.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Gustafsson, H. -A.; Haslum, E.; Nystrand, J.; Oskarsson, A.; Otterlund, I.; Rosendahl, S. S. E.; Stenlund, E.; Tydesjo, H.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Bucher, D.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Reygers, K.; Sahlmueller, B.; Wessels, J.; Zaudtke, O.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Joo, K. S.; Kim, D. H.] Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. [Fusayasu, T.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. [Bassalleck, B.; Haegemann, C.; Hobbs, R.; Malik, M. D.; Thomas, T. L.; Younus, I.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Al-Bataineh, H.; Al-Jamel, A.; Armendariz, R.; Brown, D. S.; Kyle, G. S.; Papavassiliou, V.; Pate, S. F.; Stepanov, M.; Wang, X. R.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Awes, T. C.; Cianciolo, V.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Silvermyr, D.; Stankus, P. W.; Young, G. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Comets, M. P.; Espagnon, B.; Jouan, D.; Le Bornec, Y.; Suire, C.; Willis, N.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Han, R.; Mao, Y.] Peking Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Baublis, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kochenda, L.; Komkov, B.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Samsonov, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.] Petersburg Nucl Phys, PNPI, RU-188300 Gatchina, Leningrad Regio, Russia. [Akiba, Y.; Aoki, K.; En'yo, H.; Fujiwara, K.; Fukao, Y.; Goto, Y.; Hasuko, K.; Heuser, J. M.; Horaguchi, T.; Ichihara, T.; Imai, K.; Inoue, Y.; Ishihara, M.; Kajihara, F.; Kamihara, N.; Kanou, H.; Kiyomichi, A.; Kurita, K.; Mao, Y.; Murata, J.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakano, K.; Ohnishi, H.; Okada, H.; Rykov, V. L.; Sato, H. D.; Shibata, T. -A.; Shoji, K.; Taketani, A.; Tanida, K.; Togawa, M.; Tojo, J.; Torii, H.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Wagner, M.; Watanabe, Y.; Yokkaichi, S.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Akiba, Y.; Asai, J.; Bunce, G.; Deshpande, A.; En'yo, H.; Fields, D. E.; Goto, Y.; Perdekamp, M. Groose; Hachiya, T.; Ichihara, T.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kaneta, M.; Kawall, D.; Nakagawa, I.; Okada, K.; Tabaru, T.; Taketani, A.; Tanida, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Yokkaichi, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Inoue, Y.; Kurita, K.; Murata, J.] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Berdnikov, Y.] St Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Dietzsch, O.; Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.; Lenzi, B.; Silva, C. L.; Takagui, E. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Kim, E.; Lee, T.; Lim, H.; Park, J.] Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. [Ajitanand, N. N.; Alexander, J.; Chung, P.; Holzmann, W.; Issah, M.; Lacey, R.; Mitrovski, M.; Taranenko, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Averbeck, R.; Bennett, R.; Boyle, K.; Campbell, S.; Dahms, T.; Dion, A.; Drees, A.; Egdemir, J.; Gong, H.; Hemmick, T. K.; Kamin, J.; Leckey, S.; McCumber, M.; Milov, A.; Nguyen, M.; Pantuev, V.; Reuter, M.; Sickles, A.; Toia, A.; Walker, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Aphecetche, L.; Delagrange, H.; Gastineau, F.; Germain, M.; Henni, A. Hadj] Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, SUBATECH,Ecole Mines Nantes, F-44307 Nantes, France. [Garishvili, I.; Hornback, D.; Sorensen, S. P.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Horaguchi, T.; Kamihara, N.; Kanou, H.; Nakano, K.; Shibata, T. -A.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Chujo, T.; Greene, S. V.; Holmes, M.; Love, B.; Maguire, C. F.; Miller, T. E.; Mukhopadhyay, D.; Ojha, I. D.; Pal, D.; Valle, H.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Kikuchi, J.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.] Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. [Dubey, A. K.; Kozlov, A.; Naglis, M.; Ravinovich, I.; Sharma, D.; Tserruya, I.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Chang, B. S.; Choi, I. J.; Kang, J. H.; Kim, D. J.; Lee, M. K.; Ryu, S. S.] Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Esumi, S.; Inaba, M.; Kawagishi, T.; Konno, M.; Masui, H.; Miake, Y.; Miki, K.; Nagata, Y.; Oka, M.; Sakai, S.; Shimomura, M.; Shohjoh, T.; Takagi, S.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Imrek, J.; Tarjan, P.; Vertesi, R.] Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. RP Adare, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jacak@skipper.physics.sunysb.edu RI Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; YANG, BOGEUM/I-8251-2012; Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Sorensen, Soren /K-1195-2016; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012 OI Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Sorensen, Soren /0000-0002-5595-5643; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 30 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 6 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064907 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000053 ER PT J AU Alver, B Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bindel, R Busza, W Chai, Z Chetluru, V Garcia, E Gburek, T Gulbrandsen, K Hamblen, J Harnarine, I Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Kane, JL Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Li, W Lin, WT Loizides, C Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Reed, C Richardson, E Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sedykh, I Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Szostak, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Walters, P Wenger, E Willhelm, D Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyngaardt, S Wyslouch, B AF Alver, B. Back, B. B. Baker, M. D. Ballintijn, M. Barton, D. S. Betts, R. R. Bindel, R. Busza, W. Chai, Z. Chetluru, V. Garcia, E. Gburek, T. Gulbrandsen, K. Hamblen, J. Harnarine, I. Henderson, C. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Holynski, R. Holzman, B. Iordanova, A. Kane, J. L. Kulinich, P. Kuo, C. M. Li, W. Lin, W. T. Loizides, C. Manly, S. Mignerey, A. C. Nouicer, R. Olszewski, A. Pak, R. Reed, C. Richardson, E. Roland, C. Roland, G. Sagerer, J. Sedykh, I. Smith, C. E. Stankiewicz, M. A. Steinberg, P. Stephans, G. S. F. Sukhanov, A. Szostak, A. Tonjes, M. B. Trzupek, A. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J. Vaurynovich, S. S. Verdier, R. Veres, G. I. Walters, P. Wenger, E. Willhelm, D. Wolfs, F. L. H. Wosiek, B. Wozniak, K. Wyngaardt, S. Wyslouch, B. TI Identified charged antiparticle to particle ratios near midrapidity in Cu plus Cu collisions at root s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR AB Antiparticle to particle ratios for identified protons, kaons, and pions at root s(NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV in Cu+Cu collisions are presented as a function of centrality for the midrapidity region of 0.2 < eta < 1.4. No strong dependence on centrality is observed. For the <(p) over bar >/< p > ratio at < p(T)> approximate to 0.51 GeV/c, we observe an average value of 0.50 +/- 0.003((stat)) +/- 0.04((syst)) and 0.77 +/- 0.008((stat)) +/- 0.05((syst)) for the 10% most central collisions of 62.4 and 200 GeV Cu+Cu, respectively. The values for all three particle species measured at root s(NN) = 200 GeV are in agreement within systematic uncertainties with that seen in both heavier and lighter systems measured at the same RHIC energy. This indicates that system size does not appear to play a strong role in determining the midrapidity chemical freeze-out properties affecting the antiparticle to particle ratios of the three most abundant particle species produced in these collisions. C1 [Back, B. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Baker, M. D.; Barton, D. S.; Chai, Z.; Holzman, B.; Nouicer, R.; Pak, R.; Sedykh, I.; Stankiewicz, M. A.; Steinberg, P.; Sukhanov, A.; Szostak, A.; Wyngaardt, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gburek, T.; Holynski, R.; Olszewski, A.; Trzupek, A.; Wosiek, B.; Wozniak, K.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Alver, B.; Ballintijn, M.; Busza, W.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Henderson, C.; Kane, J. L.; Kulinich, P.; Li, W.; Loizides, C.; Reed, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Stephans, G. S. F.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Vaurynovich, S. S.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wenger, E.; Wyslouch, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Betts, R. R.; Chetluru, V.; Garcia, E.; Harnarine, I.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Sagerer, J.; Smith, C. E.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Bindel, R.; Mignerey, A. C.; Richardson, E.; Tonjes, M. B.; Willhelm, D.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hamblen, J.; Manly, S.; Walters, P.; Wolfs, F. L. H.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Alver, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.061901 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000006 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, M Melconian, D Komives, A Triambak, S Garcia, A Adelberger, EG Brown, BA Cooper, MW Glasmacher, T Guimaraes, V Mantica, PF Oros-Peusquens, AM Prisciandaro, JI Steiner, M Swanson, HE Tabor, SL Wiedeking, M AF Bhattacharya, M. Melconian, D. Komives, A. Triambak, S. Garcia, A. Adelberger, E. G. Brown, B. A. Cooper, M. W. Glasmacher, T. Guimaraes, V. Mantica, P. F. Oros-Peusquens, A. M. Prisciandaro, J. I. Steiner, M. Swanson, H. E. Tabor, S. L. Wiedeking, M. TI f t value of the 0(+)-> 0(+) beta(+) decay of (32)Ar: A measurement of isospin symmetry breaking in a superallowed decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MIXING CORRECTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; NUCLEI; SIMULATION; DETECTORS AB We determined the absolute branch of the T=2 superallowed decay of (32)Ar by detecting the beta(+)-delayed protons and gamma decays of the daughter state. We obtain b(SA)(beta)=(22.71 +/- 0.16)%, which represents the first determination of a proton branch to better than 1%. Using this branch along with the previously determined (32)Ar half-life and energy release, we determined ft=(1552 +/- 12) s for the superallowed decay. This ft value, together with the corrected Ft value extracted from previously known T=1 superallowed decays, yields a measurement of the isospin symmetry breaking correction in (32)Ar decay delta(exp)(C)=(2.1 +/- 0.8)%. This can be compared to a theoretical calculation delta(C)=(2.0 +/- 0.4)%. As by-products of this work, we determined the gamma and proton branches for the decay of the lowest T=2 state of (32)Cl, made a precise determination of the total proton branch and relative intensities of proton groups that leave (31)S in its first excited state and deduced an improved value for the (32)Cl mass. C1 [Bhattacharya, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bhattacharya, M.; Melconian, D.; Triambak, S.; Garcia, A.; Adelberger, E. G.; Swanson, H. E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Melconian, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Komives, A.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Komives, A.; Garcia, A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Brown, B. A.; Glasmacher, T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brown, B. A.; Glasmacher, T.; Mantica, P. F.; Oros-Peusquens, A. M.; Prisciandaro, J. I.; Steiner, M.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cooper, M. W.; Tabor, S. L.; Wiedeking, M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Guimaraes, V.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05389970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Mantica, P. F.; Prisciandaro, J. I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bhattacharya, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dmelconian@physics.tamu.edu RI Glasmacher, Thomas/C-4462-2008; Melconian, Dan/A-1331-2011; Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014; Guimaraes, Valdir/B-4958-2014 OI Melconian, Dan/0000-0002-0142-5428; Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448; Guimaraes, Valdir/0000-0003-3715-0726 NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.065503 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000071 ER PT J AU Bosted, PE Christy, ME AF Bosted, P. E. Christy, M. E. TI Empirical fit to inelastic electron-deuteron and electron-neutron resonance region transverse cross sections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB An empirical fit is described to measurements of inclusive inelastic electron-deuteron cross sections in the kinematic range of four-momentum transfer 0 <= Q(2)< 10 GeV(2) and final state invariant mass 1.1 < W < 3.2 GeV. The deuteron fit relies on a fit of the ratio R(p) of longitudinal to transverse cross sections for the proton, and the assumption R(p)=R(n). The underlying fit parameters describe the average cross section for a free proton and a free neutron, with a plane-wave impulse approximation used to fit to the deuteron data. Additional fit parameters are used to fill in the dip between the quasi-elastic peak and the Delta(1232) resonance. The mean deviation of data from the fit is 3%, with less than 4% of the data points deviating from the fit by more than 10%. C1 [Bosted, P. E.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Christy, M. E.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Bosted, PE (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM bosted@jlab.org; christy@jlab.org NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.065206 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000060 ER PT J AU Desplanques, B Hyun, CH Ando, S Liu, CP AF Desplanques, B. Hyun, C. H. Ando, S. Liu, C. -P. TI Parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction from different approaches SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; PROTON-PROTON-SCATTERING; CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; 2-NUCLEON SYSTEM; FORCES; TRANSFORMATION; ASYMMETRY; MODELS AB Two-pion exchange parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interactions from recent effective field theories and earlier fully covariant approaches are investigated. The potentials are compared with the goal of obtaining better insight into the role of low-energy constants appearing in the effective field theory approach and its convergence in terms of a perturbative series. The results are illustrated by considering the longitudinal asymmetry of polarized protons scattering off protons, (p) over right arrow + p --> p + p, and the asymmetry of the photon emission in radiative capture of polarized neutrons by protons, (n) over right arrow + p --> d + gamma. C1 [Desplanques, B.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC,INPG, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Hyun, C. H.; Ando, S.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Hyun, C. H.; Ando, S.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Inst Basic Sci, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Liu, C. -P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Desplanques, B (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC,INPG, F-38026 Grenoble, France. EM desplanq@lpsc.in2p3.fr; hch@color.skku.ac.kr; Shung-ichi.Ando@manchester.ac.uk; cliu38@wisc.edu NR 45 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064002 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000009 ER PT J AU Goldman, T Silbar, RR AF Goldman, T. Silbar, Richard R. TI Effect of pion exchange in a relativistic quark model of baryons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COLOR-SCREENING MODEL; INTERMEDIATE RANGE ATTRACTION; MESON THEORY; DELOCALIZATION; SUBSTRUCTURE; PARAMETERS; DEUTERON; MASSES AB We examine the effect of adding pion exchange between quarks and pion self-energy corrections to the Los Alamos relativistic quark model with a short-distance cutoff of the Bethe form. The contributions to the nucleon and the Delta baryon are small. We conclude that the model is stable under this change in the sense that significant changes to the model parameters are not required. C1 [Goldman, T.; Silbar, Richard R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goldman, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tgoldman@lanl.gov; silbar@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.065203 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000057 ER PT J AU Guzey, V Strikman, M AF Guzey, V. Strikman, M. TI Electromagnetic and strong contributions to dAu soft coherent inelastic diffraction at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION FLUCTUATIONS; COLOR FLUCTUATIONS; COLLISIONS; SCATTERING; PARAMETRIZATION; DISSOCIATION; HADRONS; PHYSICS; LHC AB We estimate electromagnetic (ultraperipheral) and strong contributions to d+Au soft coherent inelastic diffraction at RHIC, d+Au -> X+Au. We show that the electromagnetic contribution is the dominant one and that the corresponding cross section is sizable, sigma(d+Au -> X+Au)(e.m.)=214 mb, which constitutes 10% of the total dAu inelastic cross section. C1 [Guzey, V.] Ctr Theory, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Strikman, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Guzey, V (reprint author), Ctr Theory, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM vguzey@jlab.org; strikman@phys.psu.edu OI Guzey, Vadim/0000-0002-2393-8507 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 067901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.067901 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000084 ER PT J AU Johansson, EK Rudolph, D Andersson, LL Torres, DA Ragnarsson, I Andreoiu, C Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Charity, RJ Chiara, CJ Ekman, J Fahlander, C Hoel, C Pechenaya, OL Reviol, W du Rietz, R Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Sobotka, LG Yu, CH Zhu, S AF Johansson, E. K. Rudolph, D. Andersson, L. -L. Torres, D. A. Ragnarsson, I. Andreoiu, C. Baktash, C. Carpenter, M. P. Charity, R. J. Chiara, C. J. Ekman, J. Fahlander, C. Hoel, C. Pechenaya, O. L. Reviol, W. du Rietz, R. Sarantites, D. G. Seweryniak, D. Sobotka, L. G. Yu, C. H. Zhu, S. TI Prompt proton decay and deformed bands in (56)Ni SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; MAGIC NUCLEUS NI-56; ROTATIONAL BANDS; SHELL-MODEL; HIGH-SPIN; CHANNEL-SELECTION; COLLECTIVITY; GAMMASPHERE; TERMINATION; CU-58 AB High-spin states in the doubly magic N=Z nucleus (56)Ni have been investigated with three fusion-evaporation reaction experiments. New gamma-ray transitions are added, and a confirmation of a previously suggested prompt proton decay from a rotational band in (56)Ni into the ground state of (55)Co is presented. The rotational bands in (56)Ni are discussed within the framework of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations. C1 [Johansson, E. K.; Rudolph, D.; Andersson, L. -L.; Ekman, J.; Fahlander, C.; du Rietz, R.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Torres, D. A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Fis, Bogota, Colombia. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Andreoiu, C.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Baktash, C.; Yu, C. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Seweryniak, D.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Charity, R. J.; Chiara, C. J.; Hoel, C.; Pechenaya, O. L.; Reviol, W.; Sarantites, D. G.; Sobotka, L. G.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Johansson, EK (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Ekman, Jorgen/C-1385-2013; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064316 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000028 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Fries, RJ Muller, B AF Majumder, A. Fries, R. J. Mueller, B. TI Photon bremsstrahlung and diffusive broadening of a hard jet SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE PARTON SCATTERING; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR ENVIRONMENT; HADRONIC SCATTERING; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; POWER CORRECTIONS; MATTER; QCD AB The photon bremsstrahlung rate from a quark jet produced in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) off a large nucleus is studied in the collinear limit. The leading medium-enhanced higher twist corrections that describe the multiple scattering of the jet in the nucleus are re-summed to all orders of twist. The propagation of the jet in the absence of further radiative energy loss is shown to be governed by a transverse momentum diffusion equation. We compute the final photon spectrum in the limit of soft photons, taking into account the leading and next-to-leading terms in the photon momentum fraction y. In this limit, the photon spectrum in a physical gauge is shown to arise from two interfering sources: one where the initial hard scattering produces an off-shell quark, which immediately radiates the photon and then undergoes subsequent soft rescattering, and an alternative in which the quark is produced on-shell and propagates through the medium until it is driven off-shell by rescattering and radiates the photon. Our result has a simple formal structure as a product of the photon splitting function, the quark transverse momentum distribution coming from a diffusion equation, and a dimensionless factor that encodes the effect of the interferences encountered by the propagating quark over the length of the medium. The destructive nature of such interferences in the small-y limit is responsible for the origin of the Landau-Pomeranchuck-Migdal (LPM) effect. Along the way we also discuss possible implications for quark jets in hot nuclear matter. C1 [Majumder, A.; Mueller, B.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Fries, R. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fries, R. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fries, R. J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Majumder, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 66 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.065209 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000063 ER PT J AU Nasseripour, R Raue, BA Carman, DS Ambrozewicz, P Amaryan, MJ Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Baillie, N Ball, JP Baltzell, NA Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bedlinskiy, I Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Berman, BL Biselli, AS Blaszczyk, L Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Boiarinov, S Bradford, R Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Careccia, SL Casey, L Cetina, C Chen, S Cheng, L Cole, PL Collins, P Coltharp, P Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crede, V Dale, D Dashyan, N De Masi, R De Vita, R De Sanctis, E Degtyarenko, PV Dennis, L Deur, A Dhuga, KS Dickson, R Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS El Fassi, L Elouadrhiri, L Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Fedotov, G Feldman, G Feuerbach, RJ Forest, TA Fradi, A Funsten, H Garccon, M Gavalian, G Gevorgyan, N Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girard, P Girod, FX Goetz, JT Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Guler, N Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hafidi, K Hakobyan, H Hanretty, C Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hleiqawi, I Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Isupov, EL Ito, MM Jenkins, D Jo, HS Johnstone, JR Joo, K Juengst, HG Kalantarians, N Kellie, JD Khandaker, M Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Kossov, M Krahn, Z Kramer, LH Kubarovsky, V Kuhn, J Kuhn, SE Kuleshov, SV Kuznetsov, V Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Livingston, K Lu, HY Lukashin, K MacCormick, M Manak, JJ Markov, N Mattione, P McAleer, S McKinnon, B McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mibe, T Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Mokeev, V Moreno, B Moriya, K Morrow, SA Moteabbed, M Mueller, J Munevar, E Mutchler, GS Nadel-Turonski, P Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niroula, MR Niyazov, RA Nozar, M Osipenko, M Ostrovidov, AI Park, K Pasyuk, E Paterson, C Pereira, SA Peterson, G Philips, SA Pierce, J Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Procureur, S Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Rosner, G Rossi, P Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Salamanca, J Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Sayre, D Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Sharov, D Shvedunov, NV Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Sokhan, D Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, SS Stepanyan, S Stokes, BE Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thompson, R Tkabladze, A Tkachenko, S Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Watts, DP Weinstein, LB Weygand, DP Williams, M Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zana, L Zhang, J Zhao, B Zhao, ZW AF Nasseripour, R. Raue, B. A. Carman, D. S. Ambrozewicz, P. Amaryan, M. J. Anciant, E. Anghinolfi, M. Asavapibhop, B. Asryan, G. Audit, G. Auger, T. Avakian, H. Bagdasaryan, H. Baillie, N. Ball, J. P. Baltzell, N. A. Barrow, S. Battaglieri, M. Beard, K. Bedlinskiy, I. Bektasoglu, M. Bellis, M. Benmouna, N. Berman, B. L. Biselli, A. S. Blaszczyk, L. Bonner, B. E. Bouchigny, S. Boiarinov, S. Bradford, R. Branford, D. Briscoe, W. J. Brooks, W. K. Burkert, V. D. Butuceanu, C. Calarco, J. R. Careccia, S. L. Casey, L. Cetina, C. Chen, S. Cheng, L. Cole, P. L. Collins, P. Coltharp, P. Cords, D. Corvisiero, P. Crabb, D. Crede, V. Dale, D. Dashyan, N. De Masi, R. De Vita, R. De Sanctis, E. Degtyarenko, P. V. Dennis, L. Deur, A. Dhuga, K. S. Dickson, R. Djalali, C. Dodge, G. E. Doughty, D. Dragovitsch, P. Dugger, M. Dytman, S. Dzyubak, O. P. Egiyan, H. Egiyan, K. S. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, L. Eugenio, P. Fatemi, R. Fedotov, G. Feldman, G. Feuerbach, R. J. Forest, T. A. Fradi, A. Funsten, H. Garccon, M. Gavalian, G. Gevorgyan, N. Gilfoyle, G. P. Giovanetti, K. L. Girard, P. Girod, F. X. Goetz, J. T. Gothe, R. W. Griffioen, K. A. Guidal, M. Guillo, M. Guler, N. Guo, L. Gyurjyan, V. Hafidi, K. Hakobyan, H. Hanretty, C. Hardie, J. Heddle, D. Hersman, F. W. Hicks, K. Hleiqawi, I. Holtrop, M. Hu, J. Hyde-Wright, C. E. Ilieva, Y. Ireland, D. G. Ishkhanov, B. S. Isupov, E. L. Ito, M. M. Jenkins, D. Jo, H. S. Johnstone, J. R. Joo, K. Juengst, H. G. Kalantarians, N. Kellie, J. D. Khandaker, M. Kim, K. Y. Kim, K. Kim, W. Klein, A. Klein, F. J. Kossov, M. Krahn, Z. Kramer, L. H. Kubarovsky, V. Kuhn, J. Kuhn, S. E. Kuleshov, S. V. Kuznetsov, V. Lachniet, J. Laget, J. M. Langheinrich, J. Lawrence, D. Livingston, K. Lu, H. Y. Lukashin, K. MacCormick, M. Manak, J. J. Markov, N. Mattione, P. McAleer, S. McKinnon, B. McNabb, J. W. C. Mecking, B. A. Mestayer, M. D. Meyer, C. A. Mibe, T. Mikhailov, K. Minehart, R. Mirazita, M. Miskimen, R. Mokeev, V. Moreno, B. Moriya, K. Morrow, S. A. Moteabbed, M. Mueller, J. Munevar, E. Mutchler, G. S. Nadel-Turonski, P. Niccolai, S. Niculescu, G. Niculescu, I. Niczyporuk, B. B. Niroula, M. R. Niyazov, R. A. Nozar, M. Osipenko, M. Ostrovidov, A. I. Park, K. Pasyuk, E. Paterson, C. Pereira, S. Anefalos Peterson, G. Philips, S. A. Pierce, J. Pivnyuk, N. Pocanic, D. Pogorelko, O. Pozdniakov, S. Preedom, B. M. Price, J. W. Procureur, S. Prok, Y. Protopopescu, D. Qin, L. M. Riccardi, G. Ricco, G. Ripani, M. Ritchie, B. G. Rosner, G. Rossi, P. Rubin, P. D. Sabatie, F. Salamanca, J. Salgado, C. Santoro, J. P. Sapunenko, V. Sayre, D. Schumacher, R. A. Serov, V. S. Shafi, A. Sharabian, Y. G. Sharov, D. Shvedunov, N. V. Simionatto, S. Skabelin, A. V. Smith, E. S. Smith, L. C. Sober, D. I. Sokhan, D. Stavinsky, A. Stepanyan, S. S. Stepanyan, S. Stokes, B. E. Stoler, P. Strakovsky, I. I. Strauch, S. Taiuti, M. Taylor, S. Tedeschi, D. J. Thompson, R. Tkabladze, A. Tkachenko, S. Ungaro, M. Vineyard, M. F. Vlassov, A. V. Wang, K. Watts, D. P. Weinstein, L. B. Weygand, D. P. Williams, M. Wolin, E. Wood, M. H. Yegneswaran, A. Yun, J. Zana, L. Zhang, J. Zhao, B. Zhao, Z. W. CA CLAS Collaboration TI Polarized structure function sigma(')(LT) for H-1((e)over-right-arrow,e(')K(+))Lambda in the nucleon resonance region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-INTERACTIONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION AMPLITUDES; KAON PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHOTON ENERGIES; FINAL-STATES; ELECTROPRODUCTION; CLAS; DECAYS; BARYONS; LAMBDA AB The first measurements of the polarized structure function sigma(')(LT) for the reaction H-1(e,e(')K(+))Lambda in the nucleon resonance region are reported. Measurements are included from threshold up to W=2.05 GeV for central values of Q(2) of 0.65 and 1.00 GeV2, and nearly the entire kaon center-of-mass angular range. sigma(')(LT) is the imaginary part of the longitudinal-transverse response and is expected to be sensitive to interferences between competing intermediate s-channel resonances, as well as resonant and nonresonant processes. The results for sigma(')(LT) are comparable in magnitude to previously reported results from CLAS for sigma(LT), the real part of the same response. An intriguing sign change in sigma(')(LT) is observed in the high Q(2) data at W approximate to 1.9 GeV. Comparisons to several existing model predictions are shown. C1 [Raue, B. A.; Ambrozewicz, P.; Kramer, L. H.; Moteabbed, M.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Baltzell, N. A.; Djalali, C.; Dzyubak, O. P.; Girard, P.; Gothe, R. W.; Guillo, M.; Langheinrich, J.; Lu, H. Y.; Park, K.; Preedom, B. M.; Strauch, S.; Tedeschi, D. J.; Wood, M. H.; Zhao, Z. W.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Carman, D. S.; Avakian, H.; Bouchigny, S.; Boiarinov, S.; Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Degtyarenko, P. V.; Deur, A.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Guo, L.; Gyurjyan, V.; Hardie, J.; Heddle, D.; Ito, M. M.; Kramer, L. H.; Kubarovsky, V.; Laget, J. M.; Lawrence, D.; Manak, J. J.; Mecking, B. A.; Mestayer, M. D.; Mokeev, V.; Niczyporuk, B. B.; Niyazov, R. A.; Nozar, M.; Sapunenko, V.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Smith, E. S.; Stepanyan, S.; Taylor, S.; Weygand, D. P.; Wolin, E.; Yegneswaran, A.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [El Fassi, L.; Hafidi, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ball, J. P.; Collins, P.; Dugger, M.; Pasyuk, E.; Ritchie, B. G.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Goetz, J. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Price, J. W.] Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747 USA. [Bellis, M.; Bradford, R.; Dickson, R.; Feuerbach, R. J.; Krahn, Z.; Kuhn, J.; McNabb, J. W. C.; Meyer, C. A.; Moriya, K.; Schumacher, R. A.; Williams, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Casey, L.; Cheng, L.; Klein, F. J.; Lukashin, K.; Santoro, J. P.; Sober, D. I.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Anciant, E.; Audit, G.; Auger, T.; De Masi, R.; Garccon, M.; Girod, F. X.; Laget, J. M.; Morrow, S. A.; Procureur, S.; Sabatie, F.] CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Elouadrhiri, L.; Hardie, J.; Heddle, D.; Prok, Y.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Joo, K.; Markov, N.; Ungaro, M.; Zhao, B.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Branford, D.; Sokhan, D.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Biselli, A. S.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Barrow, S.; Blaszczyk, L.; Chen, S.; Coltharp, P.; Crede, V.; Dennis, L.; Dragovitsch, P.; Eugenio, P.; Hanretty, C.; McAleer, S.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Riccardi, G.; Stokes, B. E.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Benmouna, N.; Berman, B. L.; Briscoe, W. J.; Cetina, C.; Dhuga, K. S.; Feldman, G.; Ilieva, Y.; Munevar, E.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Philips, S. A.; Shafi, A.; Simionatto, S.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Tkabladze, A.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Ireland, D. G.; Johnstone, J. R.; Kellie, J. D.; Livingston, K.; McKinnon, B.; Paterson, C.; Protopopescu, D.; Rosner, G.; Watts, D. P.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Cole, P. L.; Dale, D.; Forest, T. A.; Salamanca, J.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [De Sanctis, E.; Mirazita, M.; Pereira, S. Anefalos; Rossi, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Anghinolfi, M.; Battaglieri, M.; Corvisiero, P.; De Vita, R.; Osipenko, M.; Ricco, G.; Ripani, M.; Sapunenko, V.; Taiuti, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Bouchigny, S.; Fradi, A.; Guidal, M.; Jo, H. S.; MacCormick, M.; Moreno, B.; Morrow, S. A.; Niccolai, S.] Inst Phys Nucl ORSAY, Orsay, France. [Bedlinskiy, I.; Kossov, M.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Mikhailov, K.; Pivnyuk, N.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.; Serov, V. S.; Stavinsky, A.; Vlassov, A. V.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117259 Moscow, Russia. [Beard, K.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Kim, K.; Kim, W.; Kuznetsov, V.; Stepanyan, S.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Skabelin, A. V.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Asavapibhop, B.; Miskimen, R.; Peterson, G.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Fedotov, G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Mokeev, V.; Osipenko, M.; Sharov, D.; Shvedunov, N. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Gen Nucl Phys Inst, RU-119899 Moscow, Russia. [Calarco, J. R.; Egiyan, H.; Hersman, F. W.; Holtrop, M.; Zana, L.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Khandaker, M.; Salgado, C.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Hicks, K.; Hleiqawi, I.; Mibe, T.; Sayre, D.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Amaryan, M. J.; Bagdasaryan, H.; Careccia, S. L.; Dodge, G. E.; Guler, N.; Hyde-Wright, C. E.; Juengst, H. G.; Kalantarians, N.; Klein, A.; Kuhn, S. E.; Lachniet, J.; Niroula, M. R.; Niyazov, R. A.; Qin, L. M.; Sabatie, F.; Tkachenko, S.; Weinstein, L. B.; Yun, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Dytman, S.; Kim, K. Y.; Mueller, J.; Thompson, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Hu, J.; Kubarovsky, V.; Stoler, P.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Bonner, B. E.; Mattione, P.; Mutchler, G. S.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Gilfoyle, G. P.; Rubin, P. D.] Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Vineyard, M. F.] Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Jenkins, D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Crabb, D.; Fatemi, R.; Joo, K.; Minehart, R.; Pierce, J.; Pocanic, D.; Smith, L. C.; Wang, K.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Baillie, N.; Butuceanu, C.; Griffioen, K. A.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Asryan, G.; Dashyan, N.; Gevorgyan, N.; Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Nasseripour, R (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RI Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Zhang, Jixie/A-1461-2016; Isupov, Evgeny/J-2976-2012; Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Zhao, Bo/J-6819-2012; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Lu, Haiyun/B-4083-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Zana, Lorenzo/H-3032-2012; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013 OI Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Zhao, Bo/0000-0003-3171-5335; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; NR 55 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.065208 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000062 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Gallardo, M Arias, JM Gomez-Camacho, J Johnson, RC Moro, AM Thompson, IJ Tostevin, JA AF Rodriguez-Gallardo, M. Arias, J. M. Gomez-Camacho, J. Johnson, R. C. Moro, A. M. Thompson, I. J. Tostevin, J. A. TI Four-body continuum-discretized coupled-channels calculations using a transformed harmonic oscillator basis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; COULOMB BARRIER; EXPANSION METHOD; 3-BODY PROBLEM; HALO STRUCTURE; BREAKUP; HE-6; NUCLEI; DEUTERON; STATES AB The scattering of a weakly bound three-body system by a target is discussed. A transformed harmonic oscillator basis is used to provide an appropriate discrete and finite basis for treating the continuum part of the spectrum of the projectile. The continuum-discretized coupled-channels framework is used for the scattering calculations. The formalism is applied to different reactions, He-6+C-12 at 229.8 MeV, He-6+Zn-64 at 10 and 13.6 MeV, and He-6+Pb-208 at 22 MeV, induced by the Borromean nucleus He-6. Both the Coulomb and nuclear interactions with a target are taken into account. C1 [Rodriguez-Gallardo, M.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. [Rodriguez-Gallardo, M.; Arias, J. M.; Gomez-Camacho, J.; Moro, A. M.] Univ Seville, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Rodriguez-Gallardo, M.; Johnson, R. C.; Thompson, I. J.; Tostevin, J. A.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Thompson, I. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rodriguez-Gallardo, M (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, Av Prof Gama Pinto 2, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. RI Arias, Jose M./G-8988-2011; Rodriguez-Gallardo, Manuela/B-4413-2014; Gomez-Camacho, Joaquin/L-5625-2014; Moro, Antonio/E-6538-2010 OI Arias, Jose M./0000-0001-7363-4328; Rodriguez-Gallardo, Manuela/0000-0002-2831-8315; Gomez-Camacho, Joaquin/0000-0003-0925-5037; Moro, Antonio/0000-0002-0012-8894 NR 61 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 064609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064609 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 321FL UT WOS:000257290000045 ER PT J AU Aaltonen, T Abulencia, A Adelman, J Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Gonzalez, BA Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Annovi, A Antos, J Apollinari, G Apresyan, A Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Aurisano, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Azzurri, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bartsch, V Bauer, G Beauchemin, PH Bedeschi, F Bednar, P Behari, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Beringer, J Berry, T Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bizjak, I Blair, RE Blocker, C Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Boveia, A Brau, B Brigliadori, L Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Budd, S Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Buzatu, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrillo, S Carron, S Casal, B Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chang, SH Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Choudalakis, G Chuang, SH Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clark, D Compostella, G Convery, ME Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Crescioli, F Almenar, CC Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Cully, JC Dagenhart, D Datta, M Davies, T de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G De Lorenzo, G Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Deng, J Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Di Giovanni, GP Dionisi, C Di Ruzza, B Dittmann, JR D'Onofrio, M Donati, S Dong, P Donini, J Dorigo, T Dube, S Efron, J Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferrazza, C Field, R Flanagan, G Forrest, R Forrester, S Franklin, M Freeman, JC Furic, I Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garberson, F Garcia, JE Garfinkel, AF Gerberich, H Gerdes, D Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, K Gimmell, JL Ginsburg, C Giokaris, N Giordani, M Giromini, P Giunta, M Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Golossanov, A Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Group, RC Grundler, U da Costa, JG Gunay-Unalan, Z Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Han, JY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, D Hare, M Harper, S Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartz, M Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Heck, M Heijboer, A Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Henderson, C Herndon, M Heuser, J Hewamanage, S Hidas, D Hill, CS Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hou, S Houlden, M Hsu, SC Huffman, BT Hughes, RE Husemann, U Huston, J Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iyutin, B James, E Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jeon, EJ Jindariani, S Johnson, W Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Jung, JE Junk, TR Kamon, T Kar, D Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kimura, N Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Klute, M Knuteson, B Ko, BR Koay, SA Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kraus, J Kreps, M Kroll, J Krumnack, N Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kubo, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuhr, T Kulkarni, NP Kusakabe, Y Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lazzizzera, I LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, YJ Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Lovas, L Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lueck, J Luci, C Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E Mack, P MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Makhoul, K Maki, T Maksimovic, P Malde, S Malik, S Manca, G Manousakis, A Margaroli, F Marino, C Marino, CP Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Martinez-Ballarin, R Maruyama, T Mastrandrea, P Masubuchi, T Mattson, ME Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Mehtala, P Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miles, J Miller, R Mills, C Milnik, M Mitra, A Mitselmakher, G Miyake, H Moed, S Moggi, N Moon, CS Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PM Mulmenstadt, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Mumford, R Murat, P Mussini, M Nachtman, J Nagai, Y Nagano, A Naganoma, J Nakamura, K Nakano, I Napier, A Necula, V Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nodulman, L Norman, M Norniella, O Nurse, E Oh, SH Oh, YD Oksuzian, I Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Osterberg, K Griso, SP Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Papadimitriou, V Papaikonomou, A Paramonov, AA Parks, B Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pinera, L Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Pursley, J Rademacker, J Rahaman, A Ramakrishnan, V Ranjan, N Redondo, I Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Richter, S Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Rossi, M Rossin, R Roy, P Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Saarikko, H Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Salto, O Santi, L Sarkar, S Sartori, L Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Scheidle, T Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfyrla, A Shalhout, SZ Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Slaughter, AJ Slaunwhite, J Sliwa, K Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, S Sorin, V Spalding, J Spinella, F Spreitzer, T Squillacioti, P Stanitzki, M Denis, RS Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sun, H Suslov, I Suzuki, T Taffard, A Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Tanaka, R Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Thom, J Thompson, AS Thompson, GA Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tokar, S Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tu, Y Turini, N Ukegawa, F Uozumi, S Vallecorsa, S van Remortel, N Varganov, A Vataga, E Vazquez, F Velev, G Vellidis, C Veszpremi, V Vidal, M Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vine, T Vogel, M Volobouev, I Volpi, G Wurthwein, F Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, J Wagner, W Wallny, R Wang, SM Warburton, A Waters, D Weinberger, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, G Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wright, T Wu, X Wynne, SM Yagil, A Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yamashita, T Yang, C Yang, UK Yang, YC Yao, WM Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, GB Yu, I Yu, SS Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zhang, X Zheng, Y Zucchelli, S AF Aaltonen, T. 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Volobouev, I. Volpi, G. Wuerthwein, F. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. G. Wagner, R. L. Wagner, J. Wagner, W. Wallny, R. Wang, S. M. Warburton, A. Waters, D. Weinberger, M. Wester, W. C., III Whitehouse, B. Whiteson, D. Wicklund, A. B. Wicklund, E. Williams, G. Williams, H. H. Wilson, P. Winer, B. L. Wittich, P. Wolbers, S. Wolfe, C. Wright, T. Wu, X. Wynne, S. M. Yagil, A. Yamamoto, K. Yamaoka, J. Yamashita, T. Yang, C. Yang, U. K. Yang, Y. C. Yao, W. M. Yeh, G. P. Yoh, J. Yorita, K. Yoshida, T. Yu, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, S. S. Yun, J. C. Zanello, L. Zanetti, A. Zaw, I. Zhang, X. Zheng, Y. Zucchelli, S. CA CDF Collaboration TI First run II measurement of the W boson mass at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; DRELL-YAN; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; STANDARD MODEL AB We describe a measurement of the W boson mass m(W) using 200 pb(-1) of root s=1.96 TeV p (p) over bar collision data taken with the CDF II detector. With a sample of 63 964 W -> e nu candidates and 51 128 W -> mu nu candidates, we measure m(W) = [80.413 +/- 0.034(stat) +/- 0.034(sys) = 80.413 +/- 0.048] GeV/c(2). This is the single most precise m(W) measurement to date. When combined with other measured electroweak parameters, this result further constrains the properties of new unobserved particles coupling to W and Z bosons. C1 Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04001, Slovakia. Comenius Univ, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Siena & Scuola Normale Super, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; unalan, zeynep/C-6660-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012 OI Casarsa, Massimo/0000-0002-1353-8964; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Salamanna, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0861-0052; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; Osterberg, Kenneth/0000-0003-4807-0414; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; unalan, zeynep/0000-0003-2570-7611; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X NR 91 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 112001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.112001 PG 48 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300004 ER PT J AU Abouzaid, E Arenton, M Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Escobar, CO Glazov, A Golossanov, A Gomes, RA Gouffon, P Hsiung, YB Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kotera, K Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Phillips, DG Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, MJ Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED Zukanovich, RF AF Abouzaid, E. Arenton, M. Barker, A. R. Bellantoni, L. Blucher, E. Bock, G. J. Cheu, E. Coleman, R. Corcoran, M. D. Cox, B. Erwin, A. R. Escobar, C. O. Glazov, A. Golossanov, A. Gomes, R. A. Gouffon, P. Hsiung, Y. B. Jensen, D. A. Kessler, R. Kotera, K. Ledovskoy, A. McBride, P. L. Monnier, E. Nguyen, H. Niclasen, R. Phillips, D. G., II Ramberg, E. J. Ray, R. E. Ronquest, M. Santos, E. Slater, W. Smith, D. Solomey, N. Swallow, E. C. Toale, P. A. Tschirhart, R. Wah, Y. W. Wang, J. White, H. B. Whitmore, J. Wilking, M. J. Winstein, B. Winston, R. Worcester, E. T. Yamanaka, T. Zimmerman, E. D. Zukanovich, R. F. TI Final results from the KTeV experiment on the decay KL ->pi(0)gamma gamma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID KL->PI-0-GAMMA-GAMMA; PHYSICS AB We report on a new measurement of the branching ratio B(K(L) -> pi(0)gamma gamma) using the KTeV detector. We reconstruct 1982 events with an estimated background of 608, that results in B(K(L) -> pi(0)gamma gamma)=(1.29 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.05(syst)) x 10(-6). We also measure the parameter, a(V), which characterizes the strength of vector meson exchange terms in this decay. We find a(V) = -0.31 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.07(syst). These results utilize the full KTeV data set collected from 1997 to 2000 and supersede earlier KTeV measurements of the branching ratio and a(V). C1 [Abouzaid, E.; Blucher, E.; Glazov, A.; Kessler, R.; Monnier, E.; Solomey, N.; Swallow, E. C.; Wah, Y. W.; Winstein, B.; Winston, R.; Worcester, E. T.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Cheu, E.; Wang, J.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Slater, W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Escobar, C. O.; Gomes, R. A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Barker, A. R.; Niclasen, R.; Toale, P. A.; Wilking, M. J.; Zimmerman, E. D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Swallow, E. C.] Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. [Bellantoni, L.; Bock, G. J.; Coleman, R.; Hsiung, Y. B.; Jensen, D. A.; McBride, P. L.; Nguyen, H.; Ramberg, E. J.; Ray, R. E.; Tschirhart, R.; White, H. B.; Whitmore, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kotera, K.; Yamanaka, T.] Osaka Univ, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Corcoran, M. D.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Gouffon, P.; Santos, E.; Zukanovich, R. F.] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Arenton, M.; Cox, B.; Golossanov, A.; Ledovskoy, A.; Phillips, D. G., II; Ronquest, M.; Smith, D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Arenton, M.; Cox, B.; Golossanov, A.; Ledovskoy, A.; Phillips, D. G., II; Ronquest, M.; Smith, D.] Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Erwin, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Monnier, E.] CNRS, CPP Marseille, F-75700 Paris, France. RP Abouzaid, E (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Gomes, Ricardo/B-6899-2008; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Gomes, Ricardo/0000-0003-0278-4876; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 112004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.112004 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300007 ER PT J AU Albright, CH Chen, MC AF Albright, Carl H. Chen, Mu-Chun TI Lepton flavor violation in predictive supersymmetric GUT models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LONG-BASE-LINE; NEUTRINO MASS; CP-VIOLATION; FERMION MASSES; NUMBER NONCONSERVATION; SO(10) MODELS; PHYSICS; OSCILLATIONS; DECAYS; CONSERVATION AB There have been many theoretical models constructed that aim to explain the neutrino masses and mixing patterns. While many of the models will be eliminated once more accurate determinations of the mixing parameters, especially sin(2)2 theta(13), are obtained, charged lepton flavor violation experiments are able to differentiate even further among the models. In this paper, we investigate various rare lepton flavor violation processes, such as l(i) -> l(j) + gamma and mu - e conversion, in five predictive supersymmetric (SUSY) SO(10) models and their allowed soft-SUSY breaking parameter space in the constrained minimal SUSY standard model. Utilizing the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe dark matter constraints, we obtain lower bounds on the branching ratios of these rare processes and find that at least three of the five models we consider give rise to predictions for mu -> e + gamma that will be tested by the MEG Collaboration at PSI. In addition, the next generation mu - e conversion experiment has sensitivity to the predictions of all five models, making it an even more robust way to test these models. While generic studies have emphasized the dependence of the branching ratios of these rare processes on the reactor neutrino angle theta(13) and the mass of the heaviest right-handed neutrino M-3 we find very massive M-3 is more significant than large theta(13) in leading to branching ratios near to the present upper limits. C1 [Albright, Carl H.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Albright, Carl H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Chen, Mu-Chun] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Albright, CH (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM albright@fnal.gov; muchunc@uci.edu OI Chen, Mu-Chun/0000-0002-5749-2566; Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 80 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 113010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.113010 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300018 ER PT J AU Amin, MA Wizansky, T AF Amin, Mustafa A. Wizansky, Tommer TI Relativistic dark matter at the galactic center SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION; COSMOLOGY; DYNAMICS; PROBE AB In a large region of the supersymmetry parameter space, the annihilation cross section for neutralino dark matter is strongly dependent on the relative velocity of the incoming particles. We explore the consequences of this velocity dependence in the context of indirect detection of dark matter from the galactic center. We find that the increase in the annihilation cross section at high velocities leads to a flattening of the halo density profile near the galactic center and an enhancement of the annihilation signal. For the models considered, the annihilation signal can be doubled. These models are typically undetectable by current experiments in spite of the enhancement. C1 [Amin, Mustafa A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Amin, Mustafa A.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wizansky, Tommer] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Amin, MA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mamin@stanford.edu; twizansk@stanford.edu NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 123510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.123510 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600029 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Bona, M Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Prencipe, E Prudent, X Tisserand, V Tico, JG Grauges, E Lopez, L Palano, A Pappagallo, M Eigen, G Stugu, B Sun, L Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Jacobsen, RG Kadyk, JA Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Osipenkov, IL Ronan, MT Tackmann, K Tanabe, T Wenzel, WA Hawkes, CM Soni, N Watson, AT Koch, H Schroeder, T Walker, D Asgeirsson, DJ Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Fulsom, BG Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Barrett, M Khan, A Saleem, M Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Todyshev, KY Bondioli, M Curry, S Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Lund, P Mandelkern, M Martin, EC Stoker, DP Abachi, S Buchanan, C Gary, JW Liu, F Long, O Shen, BC Vitug, GM Yasin, Z Zhang, L Sharma, V Campagnari, C Hong, TM Kovalskyi, D Mazur, MA Richman, JD Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Wang, L Wilson, MG Winstrom, LO Cheng, CH Doll, DA Echenard, B Fang, F Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Andreassen, R Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Mishra, K Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, PC Ford, WT Gaz, A Hirschauer, JF Kreisel, A Nagel, M Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Ayad, R Gabareen, AM Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Altenburg, DD Feltresi, E Hauke, A Jasper, H Karbach, M Merkel, J Petzold, A Spaan, B Wacker, K Klose, V Kobel, MJ Lacker, HM Mader, WF Nogowski, R Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Volk, A Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Latour, E Thiebaux, C Verderi, M Clark, PJ Gradl, W Playfer, S Watson, JE Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cecchi, A Cibinetto, G Franchini, P Luppi, E Negrini, M Petrella, A Piemontese, L Santoro, V Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Pacetti, S Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Rama, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Lo Vetere, M Macri, MM Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Dubitzky, RS Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bard, DJ Dauncey, PD Nash, JA Vazquez, WP Tibbetts, M Behera, PK Chai, X Charles, MJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Dong, L Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Gao, YY Gritsan, AV Guo, ZJ Lae, CK Denig, AG Fritsch, M Schott, G Arnaud, N Bequilleux, J D'Orazio, A Davier, M da Costa, JF Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Lepeltier, V Le Diberder, F Lutz, AM Pruvot, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Serrano, J Sordini, V Stocchi, A Wang, WF Wormser, G Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bingham, I Burke, JP Chavez, CA Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Payne, DJ Touramanis, C Bevan, AJ George, KA Di Lodovico, F Sacco, R Sigamani, M Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Hopkins, DA Paramesvaran, S Salvatore, F Wren, AC Brown, DN Davis, CL Alwyn, KE Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Chia, YM Edgar, CL Lafferty, GD West, TJ Yi, JI Anderson, J Chen, C Jawahery, A Roberts, DA Simi, G Tuggle, JM Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Li, X Salvati, E Saremi, S Cowan, R Dujmic, D Fisher, PH Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Spitznagel, M Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Zhao, M Mclachlin, SE Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Simard, M Taras, P Viaud, FB Nicholson, H De Nardo, G Lista, L Monorchio, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G Snoek, HL Jessop, CP Knoepfel, KJ LoSecco, JM Benelli, G Corwin, LA Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Morris, JP Rahimi, AM Regensburger, JJ Sekula, SJ Wong, QK Blount, NL Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Kolb, JA Lu, M Rahmat, R Sinev, NB Strom, D Strube, J Torrence, E Castelli, G Gagliardi, N Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Sanchez, PD Ben-Haim, E Briand, H Calderini, G Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Perez, A Prendki, J Gladney, L Biasini, M Covarelli, R Manoni, E Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Carpinelli, M Cervelli, A Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rizzo, G Walsh, JJ Biesiada, J Pegna, DL Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Baracchini, E Cavoto, G del Re, D Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Jackson, PD Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Renga, F Voena, C Ebert, M Hartmann, T Schroder, H Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Olaiya, EO Roethel, W Wilson, FF Emery, S Escalier, M Esteve, L Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Chen, XR Liu, H Park, W Purohit, MV White, RM Wilson, JR Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Bechtle, P Benitez, JF Cenci, R Coleman, JP Convery, MR Dingfelder, JC Dorfan, J Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Gowdy, SJ Graham, MT Grenier, P Hast, C Innes, WR Kaminski, J Kelsey, MH Kim, H Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Li, S Lindquist, B Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL MacFarlane, DB Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR Neal, H Nelson, S O'Grady, CP Ofte, I Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, SK Thompson, JM Va'vra, J Wagner, AP Weaver, M West, CA Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Wulsin, HW Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Ziegler, V Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Miyashita, TS Petersen, BA Wilden, L Ahmed, S Alam, MS Bula, R Ernst, JA Pan, B Saeed, MA Zain, SB Spanier, SM Wogsland, BJ Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Ruland, AM Schilling, CJ Schwitters, RF Drummond, BW Izen, JM Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Gamba, D Pelliccioni, M Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Vitale, L Azzolini, V Lopez-March, N Martinez-Vidal, F Milanes, DA Oyanguren, A Albert, J Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Choi, HHF Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Lewczuk, MJ Nugent, IM Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Gershon, TJ Harrison, PF Ilic, J Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Dasu, S Flood, KT Pan, Y Pierini, M Prepost, R Vuosalo, CO Wu, SL AF Aubert, B. Bona, M. Karyotakis, Y. Lees, J. P. Poireau, V. Prencipe, E. Prudent, X. Tisserand, V. Tico, J. Garra Grauges, E. Lopez, L. Palano, A. Pappagallo, M. Eigen, G. Stugu, B. Sun, L. Abrams, G. S. Battaglia, M. Brown, D. N. Button-Shafer, J. Cahn, R. N. Jacobsen, R. G. Kadyk, J. A. Kerth, L. T. Kolomensky, Yu. G. Kukartsev, G. Lynch, G. Osipenkov, I. L. Ronan, M. T. Tackmann, K. Tanabe, T. Wenzel, W. A. Hawkes, C. M. Soni, N. Watson, A. T. Koch, H. Schroeder, T. Walker, D. Asgeirsson, D. J. Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T. Fulsom, B. G. Hearty, C. Mattison, T. S. McKenna, J. A. Barrett, M. Khan, A. Saleem, M. Teodorescu, L. Blinov, V. E. Bukin, A. D. Buzykaev, A. R. Druzhinin, V. P. Golubev, V. B. Onuchin, A. P. Serednyakov, S. I. Skovpen, Yu. I. Solodov, E. P. Todyshev, K. Yu. Bondioli, M. Curry, S. Eschrich, I. Kirkby, D. Lankford, A. J. Lund, P. Mandelkern, M. Martin, E. C. Stoker, D. P. Abachi, S. Buchanan, C. Gary, J. W. Liu, F. Long, O. Shen, B. C. Vitug, G. M. Yasin, Z. Zhang, L. Sharma, V. 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L. CA BABAR Collaboration TI Study of B -> X(3872)K, with X(3872)-> J/psi pi(+)pi(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We present measurements of the decays B(+)-> X(3872)K(+) and B(0)-> X(3872)K(0) with X(3872) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-). The data sample used, collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) asymmetric-energy storage ring, corresponds to 455x10(6)B (B) over bar pairs. Branching fraction measurements of B(B(+)-> X(3872)K(+)) x B(X(3872) -> J/psi pi(+)pi) = (8.4 +/- 1.5 +/- 0.7) x 10(-6) and B(B(0) -> X(3872)K(0)) x B(X(3872) -> J/psi pi(+)pi) = (3.5 +/- 1.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(-6) are obtained. We set an upper limit on the natural width of the X(3872) of Gamma < 3.3 MeV/c(2) at the 90% confidence level. C1 [Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V.; Prencipe, E.; Prudent, X.; Tisserand, V.] CNRS, IN2P3, Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. 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RI Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 18 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. 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Lynch, H. L. MacFarlane, D. B. Marsiske, H. Messner, R. Muller, D. R. Nelson, S. O'Grady, C. P. Ofte, I. Perazzo, A. Perl, M. Pulliam, T. Ratcliff, B. N. Roodman, A. Salnikov, A. A. Schindler, R. H. Schwiening, J. Snyder, A. Su, D. Sullivan, M. K. Sun, S. Suzuki, K. Swain, S. K. Thompson, J. M. Va'vra, J. Wagner, A. P. Weaver, M. Wisniewski, W. J. Wittgen, M. Wright, D. H. Yarritu, A. K. Yi, K. Young, C. C. Ziegler, V. Burchat, P. R. Edwards, A. J. Majewski, S. A. Miyashita, T. S. Petersen, B. A. Wilden, L. Ahmed, S. Alam, M. S. Bula, R. Ernst, J. A. Pan, B. Saeed, M. A. Wappler, F. R. Zain, S. B. Spanier, S. M. Wogsland, B. J. Eckmann, R. Ritchie, J. L. Ruland, A. M. Schilling, C. J. Schwitters, R. F. Izen, J. M. Lou, X. C. Ye, S. Bianchi, F. Gallo, F. Gamba, D. Pelliccioni, M. Bomben, M. Bosisio, L. Cartaro, C. Cossutti, F. Della Ricca, G. Lanceri, L. Vitale, L. Azzolini, V. Lopez-March, N. Martinez-Vidal, F. Milanes, D. A. Oyanguren, A. Albert, J. Banerjee, Sw. Bhuyan, B. Hamano, K. Kowalewski, R. Lewczuk, M. Nugent, I. M. Roney, J. M. Sobie, R. J. Harrison, P. F. Ilic, J. Latham, T. E. Mohanty, G. B. Band, H. R. Chen, X. Dasu, S. Flood, K. T. Hollar, J. J. Kutter, P. E. Pan, Y. Pierini, M. Prepost, R. Wu, S. L. Neal, H. CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the tau(-)->eta pi(-) pi(+) pi(-) nu(tau) branching fraction and a search for a second-class current in the tau(-)->eta '(958)pi(-)nu(tau) decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID 1ST OBSERVATION; DETECTOR; JETS AB The tau(-) -> eta pi(-) pi(+) pi(-) nu(tau) decay with the eta -> gamma gamma mode is studied using 384 fb(-1) of data collected by the BABAR detector. The branching fraction is measured to be (1.60 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.11) x 10(-4). It is found that tau(-) -> f(1) (1285) pi(-)nu(tau) -> eta pi(-) pi(+) pi(-) nu(tau) is the dominant decay mode with a branching fraction of (1.11 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.05) x 10(-4). The first error on the branching fractions is statistical and the second systematic. Note that no particle identification algorithm is applied to the charged tracks to distinguish pions from kaons. In addition, a 90% confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction of the tau(-) -> eta(')(958)pi(-) nu(tau) decay is measured to be 7.2 x 10(-6). This last decay proceeds through a second-class current and is expected to be forbidden in the limit of isospin symmetry. C1 CNRS, IN2P3, Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Savoie, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. 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Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Sassari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016 OI Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. 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L. CA BABAR Collaboration TI Improved measurement of CP observables in B-+/-->(DCPK +/-)-K-0 decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION; GAMMA AB We present a study of the decay B-->(D(CP)K-)-K-0 and its charge conjugate, where D-(CP)(0) is reconstructed in both a non-CP flavor eigenstate and in CP (CP-even and CP-odd) eigenstates, based on a sample of 382 million Upsilon(4S) -> B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring. We measure the direct CP asymmetries A(CP +/-) and the ratios of the branching fractions R-CP +/-: A(CP+)=0.27 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.04(syst), A(CP-)=-0.09 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.02(syst), RCP+=1.06 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.05(syst), RCP-=1.03 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.05(syst). We also express the results in terms of the so-called Cartesian coordinates x(+), x(-), and r(2): x(+)=-0.09 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.02(syst), x(-)=0.10 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.03(syst), r(2)=0.05 +/- 0.07(stat)+/- 0.03(syst). 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[Angelini, C.; Batignani, G.; Bettarini, S.; Carpinelli, M.; Cervelli, A.; Forti, F.; Giorgi, M. A.; Lusiani, A.; Marchiori, G.; Morganti, M.; Neri, N.; Paoloni, E.; Rizzo, G.; Walsh, J. J.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Angelini, C.; Batignani, G.; Bettarini, S.; Carpinelli, M.; Cervelli, A.; Forti, F.; Giorgi, M. A.; Lusiani, A.; Marchiori, G.; Morganti, M.; Neri, N.; Paoloni, E.; Rizzo, G.; Walsh, J. J.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Biesiada, J.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lu, C.; Olsen, J.; Smith, A. J. S.; Telnov, A. V.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Baracchini, E.; Cavoto, G.; del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Faccini, R.; Ferrarotto, F.; Ferroni, F.; Gaspero, M.; Jackson, P. D.; Gioi, L. Li; Mazzoni, M. A.; Morganti, S.; Piredda, G.; Polci, F.; Renga, F.; Voena, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Baracchini, E.; Cavoto, G.; del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Faccini, R.; Ferrarotto, F.; Ferroni, F.; Gaspero, M.; Jackson, P. D.; Gioi, L. Li; Mazzoni, M. A.; Morganti, S.; Piredda, G.; Polci, F.; Renga, F.; Voena, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Ebert, M.; Hartmann, T.; Schroeder, H.; Waldi, R.] Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. [Adye, T.; Franek, B.; Olaiya, E. O.; Roethel, W.; Wilson, F. F.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Emery, S.; Escalier, M.; Esteve, L.; Gaidot, A.; Ganzhur, S. F.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Kozanecki, W.; Vasseur, G.; Yeche, Ch.; Zito, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chen, X. R.; Liu, H.; Park, W.; Purohit, M. V.; White, R. M.; Wilson, J. R.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Allen, M. T.; Aston, D.; Bartoldus, R.; Bechtle, P.; Benitez, J. F.; Cenci, R.; Coleman, J. P.; Convery, M. R.; Dingfelder, J. C.; Dorfan, J.; Dubois-Felsmann, G. P.; Dunwoodie, W.; Field, R. C.; Gowdy, S. J.; Graham, M. T.; Grenier, P.; Hast, C.; Innes, W. R.; Kaminski, J.; Kelsey, M. H.; Kim, H.; Kim, P.; Kocian, M. L.; Leith, D. W. G. S.; Li, S.; Lindquist, B.; Luitz, S.; Luth, V.; Lynch, H. L.; MacFarlane, D. B.; Marsiske, H.; Messner, R.; Muller, D. R.; Neal, H.; Nelson, S.; O'Grady, C. P.; Ofte, I.; Perazzo, A.; Perl, M.; Ratcliff, B. N.; Roodman, A.; Salnikov, A. A.; Schindler, R. H.; Schwiening, J.; Snyder, A.; Su, D.; Sullivan, M. K.; Suzuki, K.; Swain, S. K.; Thompson, J. M.; Va'vra, J.; Wagner, A. P.; Weaver, M.; West, C. A.; Wisniewski, W. J.; Wittgen, M.; Wright, D. H.; Wulsin, H. W.; Yarritu, A. K.; Yi, K.; Young, C. C.; Ziegler, V.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Burchat, P. R.; Edwards, A. J.; Majewski, S. A.; Miyashita, T. S.; Petersen, B. A.; Wilden, L.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, S.; Alam, M. S.; Bula, R.; Ernst, J. A.; Pan, B.; Saeed, M. A.; Zain, S. B.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Spanier, S. M.; Wogsland, B. J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Eckmann, R.; Ritchie, J. L.; Ruland, A. M.; Schilling, C. J.; Schwitters, R. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Drummond, B. W.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X. C.; Ye, S.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dallas, TX 75083 USA. [Bianchi, F.; Gamba, D.; Pelliccioni, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bianchi, F.; Gamba, D.; Pelliccioni, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bomben, M.; Bosisio, L.; Cartaro, C.; Della Ricca, G.; Lanceri, L.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bomben, M.; Bosisio, L.; Cartaro, C.; Della Ricca, G.; Lanceri, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Vitale, L.; Azzolini, V.; Lopez-March, N.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Milanes, D. A.; Oyanguren, A.] Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Albert, J.; Banerjee, Sw.; Bhuyan, B.; Choi, H. H. F.; Hamano, K.; Kowalewski, R.; Lewczuk, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Roney, J. M.; Sobie, R. J.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Gershon, T. J.; Harrison, P. F.; Ilic, J.; Latham, T. E.; Mohanty, G. B.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Band, H. R.; Chen, X.; Dasu, S.; Flood, K. T.; Pan, Y.; Pierini, M.; Prepost, R.; Vuosalo, C. O.; Wu, S. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Carpinelli, M.] Univ Sassari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI dong, liaoyuan/A-5093-2015; Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Cavoto, Gianluca/0000-0003-2161-918X; Barlow, Roger/0000-0002-8295-8612; Bettarini, Stefano/0000-0001-7742-2998; Cibinetto, Gianluigi/0000-0002-3491-6231; dong, liaoyuan/0000-0002-4773-5050; Pacetti, Simone/0000-0002-6385-3508; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866; Paoloni, Eugenio/0000-0001-5969-8712; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 111102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.111102 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300002 ER PT J AU Aubin, C Laiho, J Van de Water, RS AF Aubin, C. Laiho, Jack Van de Water, Ruth S. TI Discretization effects and the scalar meson correlator in mixed-action lattice simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL FERMIONS; QCD; PHYSICS AB We study discretization effects in a mixed-action lattice theory with domain-wall valence quarks and Asqtad-improved staggered sea quarks. At the level of the chiral effective Lagrangian, discretization effects in the mixed-action theory give rise to two new parameters as compared to the lowest order Lagrangian for rooted-staggered fermions-the residual quark mass m(res) and the mixed valence-sea meson mass splitting Delta(mix). We find that m(res), which parametrizes explicit chiral symmetry breaking in the mixed-action theory, is approximately one-quarter the size of our lightest valence quark mass on our coarser lattice spacing and of comparable size to that of simulations by the RBC and UKQCD Collaborations. We also find that the size of Delta(mix) is comparable to the size of the smallest of the staggered meson taste splittings measured by the MILC Collaboration. Because lattice artifacts are different in the valence and sea sectors of the mixed-action theory, they give rise to unitarity-violating effects that disappear in the continuum limit, some of which should be described by mixed-action chiral perturbation theory (MA chi PT). Such effects are expected to be mild for many quantities of interest but are expected to be significant in the case of the isovector scalar (a(0)) correlator. Specifically, once the parameters m(res), Delta(mix), and two others that can be determined from the light pseudoscalar meson spectrum are known, the two-particle intermediate state "bubble" contribution to the scalar correlator is completely predicted within MA chi PT. We find that the behavior of the scalar meson correlator is quantitatively consistent with the MA chi PT prediction; this supports the claim that MA chi PT describes the dominant unitarity-violating effects in the mixed-action theory and can therefore be used to remove lattice artifacts and recover physical quantities. C1 [Aubin, C.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Laiho, Jack] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Van de Water, Ruth S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Aubin, C (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM caaubin@wm.edu; jlaiho@fnal.gov; ruthv@fnal.gov NR 51 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 114501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.114501 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300055 ER PT J AU Bar-Shalom, S Eilam, G Han, T Soni, A AF Bar-Shalom, Shaouly Eilam, Gad Han, Tao Soni, Amarjit TI Charged Higgs boson effects in the production and decay of a heavy Majorana neutrino at the CERN LHC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER; DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; ELECTRON-POSITRON; VIOLATION; MODEL; COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; LEPTONS; SIGNALS; SEARCH AB We consider a new interaction between a heavy Majorana neutrino (N) and a charged Higgs boson (H(+/-)), and show that it can have drastic implications on lepton-number-violating (LNV) signal of same-sign dileptons at the CERN LHC. The LNV signal of heavy Majorana neutrinos previously considered at the LHC, pp -> l(+)N -> l(+)l(+)W(-), may be overwhelmed by pp -> l(+)N -> l(+)l(+)H(-). With the subsequent decays H(-) -> (t) over barb or H(-) -> W(-)H(0), the heavy Majorana neutrino production leads to the spectacular events of l(+)l(+)b (b) over bar + 2 jets. We also explore the case m(N) < m(H)(+), where the decay H(+) -> l(+)N can become the dominant N-production mechanism at the LHC. In particular, we show that the process gb -> tH(-) followed by t -> bW(+) and H(-) -> l(-)N -> l(-)l(-)W(+) could lead to another type of spectacular events of l(-)l(-)b + 4 jets. C1 [Bar-Shalom, Shaouly; Eilam, Gad] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Bar-Shalom, Shaouly] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Han, Tao] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Han, Tao] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, KITP, Santa Barbara, CA 93107 USA. [Soni, Amarjit] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bar-Shalom, S (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM shaouly@physics.technion.ac.il; eilam@physics.technion.ac.il; than@hep.wisc.edu; xsoni@bnl.gov OI Han, Tao/0000-0002-5543-0716 NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 115019 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.115019 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300079 ER PT J AU Buckley, MR Heinemann, B Klemm, W Murayama, H AF Buckley, Matthew R. Heinemann, Beate Klemm, William Murayama, Hitoshi TI Quantum interference effects among helicities at CERN LEP-II and Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; CROSS-SECTION; W-BOSON; SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTICLES; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; MASS; RATIOS; SPIN AB A completely model-independent method of obtaining information on the spin using the quantum interference effect among various helicity states was proposed in a recent paper. Here we point out that this effect should be demonstrable in the existing data on e(-)e(+) -> W(+)W(-) at LEP-II and p (p) over bar -> Z(0)+j at Tevatron. C1 [Buckley, Matthew R.; Heinemann, Beate; Klemm, William; Murayama, Hitoshi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Buckley, Matthew R.; Klemm, William; Murayama, Hitoshi] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Univ, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan. [Buckley, Matthew R.; Heinemann, Beate; Klemm, William; Murayama, Hitoshi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Buckley, MR (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Mat Univ, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 113017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.113017 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300025 ER PT J AU Calabrese, E Slosar, A Melchiorri, A Smoot, GF Zahn, O AF Calabrese, Erminia Slosar, Anze Melchiorri, Alessandro Smoot, George F. Zahn, Oliver TI Cosmic microwave weak lensing data as a test for the dark universe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; LEGACY SURVEY; 2003 FLIGHT; SMALL ARRAY; ANISOTROPY; BOOMERANG; PROBE; GRAVITY; SPACE; CMB AB Combined analyses of WMAP 3-year and ACBAR cosmic microwave anisotropies angular power spectra have presented evidence for gravitational lensing at > 3 sigma level. This signal could provide a relevant test for cosmology. After evaluating and confirming the statistical significance of the detection in light of the new WMAP 5-year data, we constrain a new parameter A(L) that scales the lensing potential such that A(L)=0 corresponds to unlensed while A(L)=1 is the expected lensed result in the standard Lambda-CDM model. We find from WMAP5+ACBAR a 2.5 sigma indication for a lensing contribution larger than expected, with A(L)=3.1(-1.5)(+1.8) at 95% C.L. The result is stable under the assumption of different templates for an additional Sunyaev-Zel'dovich foreground component or the inclusion of an extra background of cosmic strings. We find negligible correlation with other cosmological parameters as, for example, the energy density in massive neutrinos. While unknown systematics may be present, dark energy or modified gravity models could be responsible for the over-smoothness of the power spectrum. Near-future data, most notably from the Planck satellite mission, will scrutinize this interesting possibility. C1 [Calabrese, Erminia; Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Slosar, Anze; Smoot, George F.; Zahn, Oliver] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Smoot, George F.; Zahn, Oliver] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Calabrese, E (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, Ple Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy. EM erminia.calabrese@roma1.infn.it; anze@berkeley.edu; alessandro.melchiorri@roma1.infn.it; gfsmoot@lbl.gov; zahn@berkeley.edu OI Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003 NR 57 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 123531 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.123531 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600050 ER PT J AU Cata, O Mateu, V AF Cata, Oscar Mateu, Vicent TI Novel patterns for vector mesons from the large-Nc limit SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUM-RULES; DISTRIBUTION AMPLITUDES; GLUON CONDENSATE; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; 1/N-C EXPANSION; C QCD; DOMINANCE; CURRENTS AB We report on a relation between the decay constants of rho-like J(PC) = 1(--) vector mesons, which arises solely from the perturbative analysis of the < VV >, < TT > and < VT > correlators at O(alpha(0)(s)) in the large-N-c limit. We find f(V)(T)/f(V) = 1/root 2 for highly excited states together with a pattern of alternation in sign. Quite remarkably, recent lattice determinations reported f(rho)(T)(mu)/f(rho) = 0.72(2) at mu = 2 GeV, in excellent agreement with our large-N-c result. This seems to suggest a pattern like f(Vn)(T)/f(Vn) = (-1)(n)/root 2 for the whole (1(--)) states. In order to test this conjecture in real QCD we construct a set of spectral sum rules, which turn out to comply nicely with this scenario. C1 [Cata, Oscar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mateu, Vicent] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. RP Cata, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 116009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.116009 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300096 ER PT J AU Christiansen, JL Albin, E James, KA Goldman, J Maruyama, D Smoot, GF AF Christiansen, J. L. Albin, E. James, K. A. Goldman, J. Maruyama, D. Smoot, G. F. TI Search for cosmic strings in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We search Hubble Space Telescope Treasury Program images collected as part of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey for pairs of galaxies consistent with the gravitational lensing signature of a cosmic string. Our technique includes estimates of the efficiency for finding the lensed galaxy pair. In the north (south) survey field we find no evidence out to a redshift of greater than 0.5 (0.3) for cosmic strings to a mass per unit length limit of G mu/c(2)< 3.0x10(-7) at 95% confidence limits (C.L.). In the combined 314.9 arcmin(2) of the north and south survey fields this corresponds to a global limit on Omega(strings)< 0.02. Our limit on G mu/c(2) is more than an order of magnitude lower than searches for individual strings in cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. Our limit is higher than other CMB and gravitational wave searches, however, we note that it is less model dependent than these other searches. C1 [Christiansen, J. L.; Albin, E.; James, K. A.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Goldman, J.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Singapore 117542, Singapore. [Maruyama, D.; Smoot, G. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Smoot, G. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Christiansen, JL (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM jlchrist@calpoly.edu NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 123509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.123509 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600028 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Kao, C Wang, Y AF Dawson, Sally Kao, Chung Wang, Yili TI Supersymmetric QCD corrections to Higgs pair production from bottom quark fusion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ONE-LOOP INTEGRALS; HADRON COLLIDERS; HEAVY QUARKS; BOSON PRODUCTION; GLUON FUSION; COLLISIONS; MASS; PHYSICS AB We present a complete next-to-leading order calculation for the total cross section for inclusive Higgs pair production via bottom-quark fusion at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in the minimal supersymmetric standard model and the minimal supergravity model. We emphasize the contributions of squark and gluino loops and the decoupling properties of our results for heavy squark and gluino masses. The enhanced couplings of the b quark to the Higgs bosons in supersymmetric models with large tan beta yield large next-to-leading order supersymmetry QCD corrections in some regions of parameter space. C1 [Dawson, Sally] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kao, Chung; Wang, Yili] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 113005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.113005 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300013 ER PT J AU Grigoryan, HR Radyushkin, AV AF Grigoryan, H. R. Radyushkin, A. V. TI Anomalous form factor of the neutral pion in an extended AdS/QCD model with Chern-Simons term SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LIGHT PSEUDOSCALAR MESONS; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY BREAKING; ENERGY HADRON PHYSICS; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; VECTOR-MESONS; SUM-RULES; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR; PERTURBATIVE QCD AB We propose an extension of the hard-wall AdS/QCD model by including the Chern-Simons term required to reproduce the chiral anomaly of QCD. In the framework of this holographic model, we study the vertex function F-pi gamma*gamma*(Q(1)(2),Q(2)(2)) which accumulates information about the coupling of the pion to two (in general virtual) photons. We calculate the slope of the form factor with one real and one slightly virtual photon and show that it is close to experimental findings. We analyze the formal limit of large virtualities and establish that predictions of the holographic model analytically (including nontrivial dependence on the ratio of photon virtualities) coincide with those of perturbative QCD calculated for the asymptotic form of the pion distribution amplitude. We also investigate the generalized vector-meson-dominance structure of F-pi gamma*gamma*(Q(1)(2),Q(2)(2)) in the extended AdS/QCD model. C1 [Grigoryan, H. R.; Radyushkin, A. V.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Grigoryan, H. R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Radyushkin, A. V.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Radyushkin, A. V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Theoret Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. RP Grigoryan, HR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 92 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 115024 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.115024 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300084 ER PT J AU Hobbs, T Melnitchouk, W AF Hobbs, T. Melnitchouk, W. TI Finite-Q(2) corrections to parity-violating DIS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; CHARGE-SYMMETRY VIOLATION; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIO; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; DEUTERON SCATTERING; POWER CORRECTIONS; NON-CONSERVATION; LARGE-X; NUCLEON; MODEL AB Parity-violating deep inelastic scattering (PVDIS) has been proposed as an important new tool to extract the flavor and isospin dependence of parton distributions in the nucleon. We discuss finite-Q(2) effects in PVDIS asymmetries arising from subleading kinematical corrections and longitudinal contributions to the gamma Z interference. For the proton, these need to be accounted for in order to accurately extract the d/u ratio at large x; for the deuteron they are important to consider when searching for evidence of charge symmetry violation in parton distributions or signals for physics beyond the standard model. We further explore the dependence of PVDIS asymmetries for polarized targets on the u and d helicity distributions at large x. C1 [Hobbs, T.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Melnitchouk, W.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Hobbs, T (reprint author), Univ Chicago, 5801 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 114023 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.114023 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300049 ER PT J AU Hooper, D AF Hooper, Dan TI Constraining supersymmetric dark matter with synchrotron measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMIC-RAY PROPAGATION; GAMMA-RAYS; GALAXY; DENSITY; HALO; ANNIHILATIONS; COMPONENT; NUCLEI AB The annihilations of neutralino dark matter (or other dark matter candidate) generate, among other standard model states, electrons and positrons. These particles emit synchrotron photons as a result of their interaction with the galactic magnetic field. In this paper, we use the measurements of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe satellite to constrain the intensity of this synchrotron emission and, in turn, the annihilation cross section of the lightest neutralino. We find this constraint to be more stringent than that provided by any other current indirect detection channel. In particular, the neutralino annihilation cross section must be less than approximate to 3x10(-26) cm(3)/s (1x10(25) cm(3)/s) for 100 GeV (500 GeV) neutralinos distributed with a Navarro-Frenk-White halo profile. For the conservative case of an entirely flat dark matter distribution within the inner 8 kiloparsecs of the Milky Way, the constraint is approximately a factor of 30 less stringent. Even in this conservative case, synchrotron measurements strongly constrain, for example, the possibility of wino or Higgsino neutralino dark matter produced nonthermally in the early universe. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hooper, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 123523 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.123523 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600042 ER PT J AU Jackson, MG AF Jackson, Mark G. TI Spin-statistics violations from heterotic string worldsheet instantons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL LIMIT; PRINCIPLE AB In this paper, we consider the role that worldsheet instantons in the heterotic string could play in spin-statistics violations. Such violations are nonperturbative in the string tension and so would not appear in the spacetime effective action, producing a unique signature of string theory and the details of compactification. By performing a Bogomol'nyi transformation it is shown that there are no instanton solutions in the simplest model proposed by Harvey and Liu, but it is conjectured that more sophisticated models may yield solutions. If such instantons do exist, their effect might be measured by upcoming experiments. C1 [Jackson, Mark G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Jackson, Mark G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Jackson, MG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 127901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.127901 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600170 ER PT J AU Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK AF Kogut, J. B. Sinclair, D. K. TI Lattice QCD at finite temperature and density in the phase-quenched approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL CRITICAL-POINT; DIAGRAM; MODEL AB QCD at a finite quark-number chemical potential mu has a complex fermion determinant, which precludes its study by standard lattice QCD simulations. We therefore simulate lattice QCD at finite mu in the phase-quenched approximation, replacing the fermion determinant with its magnitude. (The phase-quenched approximation can be considered as simulating at finite isospin chemical potential 2 mu for N-f/2 u-type and N-f/2 d-type quark flavors.) These simulations are used to study the finite-temperature transition for small mu, where there is some evidence that the position (and possibly the nature) of this transition is unchanged by this approximation. We look for the expected critical endpoint for 3-flavor QCD. Here, it has been argued that the critical point at zero mu would become the critical endpoint at small mu, for quark masses just above the critical mass. Our simulations indicate that this does not happen, and there is no such critical endpoint for small mu. We discuss how we might adapt techniques used for imaginary mu to improve the signal/noise ratio and strengthen our conclusions, using results from relatively low statistics studies. C1 [Kogut, J. B.] Div High Energy Phys, Dept Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys TQHN, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sinclair, D. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kogut, JB (reprint author), Div High Energy Phys, Dept Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 114503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.114503 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300057 ER PT J AU Liang, ZT Wang, XN Zhou, J AF Liang, Zuo-tang Wang, Xin-Nian Zhou, Jian TI Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution function and jet transport in a nuclear medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; SINGLE-SPIN; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; HADRON SPECTRA; ASYMMETRIES; COLLISIONS; GAUGE; QCD AB We show that the gauge-invariant transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) quark distribution function can be expressed as a sum of all higher-twist collinear parton matrix elements in terms of a transport operator. From such a general expression, we derive the nuclear broadening of the transverse-momentum distribution. Under the maximal two-gluon correlation approximation, in which all higher-twist nuclear multiple parton correlations with the leading nuclear enhancement are given by products of twist-two nucleon parton distributions, we find the nuclear transverse-momentum distribution as a convolution of a Gaussian distribution and the nucleon TMD quark distribution. The width of the Gaussian, or the mean total transverse-momentum broadening squared, is given by the path integral of the quark transport parameter (q) over cap (F) which can also be expressed in a gauge-invariant form and is given by the gluon distribution density in the nuclear medium. We further show that contributions from higher-twist nucleon gluon distributions can be resummed under the extended adjoint two-gluon correlation approximation and the nuclear transverse-momentum distribution can be expressed in terms of a transverse-scale-dependent quark transport parameter or gluon distribution density. We extend the study to hot medium and compare to dipole model approximation and N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory in the strong coupling limit. We find that multiple gluon correlations become important in the strongly coupled system such as N = 4 SYM plasma. C1 [Liang, Zuo-tang; Zhou, Jian] Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xin-Nian; Zhou, Jian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liang, ZT (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 60 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 125010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.125010 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600121 ER PT J AU Padmanabhan, N White, M AF Padmanabhan, Nikhil White, Martin TI Constraining anisotropic baryon oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; DARK ENERGY; SCALE; SAMPLE AB We present an analysis of anisotropic baryon acoustic oscillations and elucidate how a mis-estimation of the cosmology, which leads to incorrect values of the angular diameter distance, d(A), and Hubble parameter, H, manifest themselves in changes to the monopole and quadrupole power spectrum of biased tracers of the density field. Previous work has focused on the monopole power spectrum, and shown that the isotropic dilation combination d(A)(2)H(-1) is robustly constrained by an overall shift in the scale of the baryon feature. We extend this by demonstrating that the quadrupole power spectrum is sensitive to an anisotropic warping mode d(A)H, allowing one to break the degeneracy between d(A) and H. We describe a method for measuring this warping, explicitly marginalizing over the form of redshift-space distortions. We verify this method on N-body simulations and estimate that d(A)H can be measured with a fractional accuracy of similar to(3/root V)% where the survey volume is estimated in h(-3) Gpc(3). C1 [Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Padmanabhan, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM NPadmanabhan@lbl.gov; mwhite@berkeley.edu RI Padmanabhan, Nikhil/A-2094-2012; White, Martin/I-3880-2015 OI White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070 NR 18 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 123540 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.123540 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600059 ER PT J AU Panico, G Ponton, E Santiago, J Serone, M AF Panico, Giuliano Ponton, Eduardo Santiago, Jose Serone, Marco TI Dark matter and electroweak symmetry breaking in models with warped extra dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID KALUZA-KLEIN EXCITATIONS; GAUGE-HIGGS UNIFICATION; PRECISION TESTS; FIELD-THEORIES; MASSES; BOSON; SPACETIME; COUPLINGS; PARTICLE; MIXINGS AB We show that a discrete exchange symmetry can give rise to realistic dark matter candidates in models with warped extra dimensions. We show how to realize our construction in a variety of models with warped extra dimensions and study in detail a realistic model of gauge-Higgs unification/composite Higgs in which the observed amount of dark matter is naturally reproduced. In this model, a realistic pattern of electroweak symmetry breaking typically occurs in a region of parameter space in which the fit to the electroweak precision observables improves, the Higgs is heavier than the experimental bound and new light quark resonances are predicted. We also quantify the fine-tuning of such scenarios, and discuss in which sense gauge-Higgs unification models result in a natural theory of electroweak symmetry breaking. C1 [Panico, Giuliano; Serone, Marco] SISSA, ISAS, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. [Panico, Giuliano] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Ponton, Eduardo] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Santiago, Jose] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Santiago, Jose] ETH, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Panico, G (reprint author), SISSA, ISAS, Via Beirut 2-4, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. RI Ponton, Eduardo/I-4125-2013; Santiago, Jose/D-9109-2016; OI Ponton, Eduardo/0000-0003-3138-1136; Santiago, Jose/0000-0003-3585-5626; Panico, Giuliano/0000-0001-5749-4046 NR 78 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 115012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.115012 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300072 ER PT J AU Perez-Nadal, G Roura, A Verdaguer, E AF Perez-Nadal, Guillem Roura, Albert Verdaguer, Enric TI Stability of de Sitter spacetime under isotropic perturbations in semiclassical gravity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY-MOMENTUM TENSOR; WEAKLY INHOMOGENEOUS COSMOLOGIES; EINSTEIN-LANGEVIN EQUATION; BACK-REACTION; ADIABATIC REGULARIZATION; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; QUANTUM CORRECTIONS; CHAOTIC INFLATION; FIELD-THEORY AB A spatially flat Robertson-Walker spacetime driven by a cosmological constant is nonconformally coupled to a massless scalar field. The equations of semiclassical gravity are explicitly solved for this case, and a self-consistent de Sitter solution associated with the Bunch-Davies vacuum state is found (the effect of the quantum field is to shift slightly the effective cosmological constant). Furthermore, it is shown that the corrected de Sitter spacetime is stable under spatially isotropic perturbations of the metric and the quantum state. These results are independent of the free renormalization parameters. C1 [Perez-Nadal, Guillem; Verdaguer, Enric] Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Fonamental, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Roura, Albert] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Verdaguer, Enric] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Perez-Nadal, G (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Fonamental, Avinguda Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RI Verdaguer, Enric/M-3384-2014 OI Verdaguer, Enric/0000-0001-6548-1229 NR 95 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 12 AR 124033 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.124033 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FR UT WOS:000257290600093 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, Thomas G. TI Z ' coupling information from the CERN Large Hadron-electron Collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGH Q2; GAUGE-THEORIES; PHENOMENOLOGY AB If the CERN LHC discovers a Z'-like state, the extraction of its couplings to the particles of the standard model becomes mandatory in order to determine the nature of the underlying new physics theory. It has been well known for some time that the direct measurements performed at the LHC in the Drell-Yan channel cannot determine these parameters uniquely in a model-independent manner even if large integrated luminosities (similar to 100 fb(-1)) become available and the Z' is relatively light less than or similar to 1.5 TeV. Here we examine the possibility that a proposed e(L,R)(+/-)p collider upgrade at the LHC, the LHeC, with root s =1.5-2 TeV could be helpful with such coupling determinations in the years before a linear collider is constructed. We show that the polarization and charge asymmetries constructed from the cross sections for these processes can be useful in this regard depending upon the specific values of the particular Z' model parameters. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Rizzo, TG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM rizzo@slac.stanford.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 115016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.115016 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 321FO UT WOS:000257290300076 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL AF Ben-Naim, E. Krapivsky, P. L. TI Phase transition with nonthermodynamic states in reversible polymerization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SUBMONOLAYER EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; MOLECULAR-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; AGGREGATION; KINETICS; GELATION; MODELS; COAGULATION; POLYMERS; SYSTEM AB We investigate a reversible polymerization process in which individual polymers aggregate and fragment at a rate proportional to their molecular weight. We find a nonequilibrium phase transition despite the fact that the dynamics are perfectly reversible. When the strength of the fragmentation process exceeds a critical threshold, the system reaches a thermodynamic steady state where the total number of polymers is proportional to the system size. The polymer length distribution has a sharp exponential tail in this case. When the strength of the fragmentation process falls below the critical threshold, the steady state becomes nonthermodynamic as the total number of polymers grows sublinearly with the system size. Moreover, the length distribution has an algebraic tail and the characteristic exponent varies continuously with the fragmentation rate. C1 [Ben-Naim, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ben-Naim, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Krapivsky, P. L.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061132 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.061132 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EM UT WOS:000257287500042 PM 18643242 ER PT J AU Braiman, Y Egami, T AF Braiman, Y. Egami, T. TI Transitions from oscillatory to smooth fracture propagation in brittle metallic glasses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CRACK-PROPAGATION; DYNAMICS; FRICTION; MODEL AB We present a simple model to explain the transition from oscillatory to smooth crack propagation in brittle metallic glasses. We demonstrate that the smooth fracture propagation that is characteristic for higher temperature or higher crack opening velocities (for type 1 crack propagation) becomes unstable and oscillatory behavior is being observed. The characteristic feature size of the crack propagation may be at the nanometer scale and grows as the opening velocity decreases. C1 [Braiman, Y.; Egami, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Braiman, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 065101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.065101 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600001 PM 18643323 ER PT J AU Brewster, R Silbert, LE Grest, GS Levine, AJ AF Brewster, Robert Silbert, Leonardo E. Grest, Gary S. Levine, Alex J. TI Relationship between interparticle contact lifetimes and rheology in gravity-driven granular flows SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SHEAR FLOWS; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; INCLINED PLANE; KINETIC-THEORY; MEDIA AB The validity of the Bagnold constitutive relation in gravity-driven granular flow down an inclined plane is studied by discrete element (DEM) simulations. In the limit of infinitely hard particles, the Bagnold relation is known to hold exactly. We determine deviations from this relation as a function of all parameters governing interparticle interactions. These include elastic compliance, inelastic dissipation, friction coefficient, and interparticle cohesion. We find significant deviations from Bagnold rheology in some regions of this parameter space and propose a generalized Bagnold relation to account for this effect. Moreover, we note a significant correlation between the breakdown of Bagnold rheology in the bulk and the appearance of a long-time tail in the two-particle contact time distributions. C1 [Brewster, Robert] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Silbert, Leonardo E.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Grest, Gary S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Levine, Alex J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, California Nanosyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Brewster, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.061302 PN 1 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EM UT WOS:000257287500052 PM 18643252 ER PT J AU Brown, GV Hansen, SB Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Widmann, K Chen, H Chung, HK Clementson, JHT Gu, MF Thorn, DB AF Brown, G. V. Hansen, S. B. Traebert, E. Beiersdorfer, P. Widmann, K. Chen, H. Chung, H. K. Clementson, J. H. T. Gu, M. F. Thorn, D. B. TI Investigation of the 2p(3/2)-3d(5/2) line emission of Au53+-Au69+ for diagnosing high energy density plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BEAM ION-TRAP; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; NEON-LIKE IONS; NA-LIKE IONS; COLLISION STRENGTHS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; XRS MICROCALORIMETER; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; SPECTRA; EXCITATION AB Measurements of the L-shell emission of highly charged gold ions were made under controlled laboratory conditions using the SuperEBIT electron beam ion trap, allowing detailed spectral observations of lines from Fe-like Au53+ through Ne-like Au69+. Using atomic data from the Flexible Atomic Code, we have identified strong 3d(5/2)-> 2p(3/2) emission features that can be used to diagnose the charge state distribution in high energy density plasmas, such as those found in the laser entrance hole of hot hohlraum radiation sources. We provide collisional-radiative calculations of the average ion charge < Z > as a function of temperature and density, which can be used to relate charge state distributions inferred from 3d(5/2)-> 2p(3/2) emission features to plasma conditions, and investigate the effects of plasma density on calculated L-shell Au emission spectra. C1 [Brown, G. V.; Hansen, S. B.; Traebert, E.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Widmann, K.; Chen, H.; Chung, H. K.; Clementson, J. H. T.; Gu, M. F.; Thorn, D. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Traebert, E.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Brown, GV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hansen50@llnl.gov NR 43 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066406 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600060 PM 18643382 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Ramshaw, JD AF Chang, C. H. Ramshaw, J. D. TI Dynamical evolution of volume fractions in multipressure multiphase flow models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID HYPERBOLIC 2-PRESSURE MODELS; 2-PHASE FLOW; COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; PRESSURE; REGULARIZATION; INTERFACES AB Compared to single-pressure models, multipressure multiphase flow models require additional closure relations to determine the individual pressures of the different phases. These relations are often taken to be evolution equations for the volume fractions. We present a rigorous theoretical framework for constructing such equations for compressible multiphase mixtures in terms of submodels for the relative volumetric expansion rates Delta E(i) of the phases. These quantities are essentially the rates at which the phases dynamically expand or contract in response to pressure differences, and represent the general tendency of the volume fractions to relax toward values that produce local pressure equilibrium. We present a simple provisional model of this type in which Delta E(i) is proportional to pressure differences divided by the time required for sound waves to traverse an appropriate characteristic length. It is shown that the resulting approach to pressure equilibrium is monotonic rather than oscillatory, and occurs instantaneously in the incompressible limit. C1 [Chang, C. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ramshaw, J. D.] Portland State Univ, Dept Phys, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chc@lanl.gov; john@ramshaw.org NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066305 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600047 PM 18643369 ER PT J AU Checco, A Ocko, BM AF Checco, Antonio Ocko, Benjamin M. TI Morphology and phase behavior of ethanol nanodrops condensed on chemically patterned surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; WETTING FILMS; TAPPING-MODE; DROPLETS; SILICON AB Equilibrium wetting of ethanol onto chemically patterned nanostripes has been investigated using environmental atomic force microscopy (AFM) in noncontact mode. The chemical patterns are composed of COOH-terminated "wetting" regions and CH(3)-terminated "nonwetting" regions. A specially designed environmental AFM chamber allowed for accurate measurements of droplet height as a function of the temperature offset between the substrate and a macroscopic ethanol reservoir. At saturation, the height dependence scales with droplet width according to w(1/2), in excellent agreement with the augmented Young equation (AYE) modeled with dispersive, nonretarded surface potentials. At small under- and oversaturations, the AYE model accurately fits the data if an effective Delta T is used as a fitting parameter. There is a systematic difference between the measured Delta T and the values extracted from the fits to the data. In addition to static measurements, we present time-resolved measurements of the droplet height which enable the study of condensation-evaporation dynamics of nanometer-scale drops. C1 [Checco, Antonio; Ocko, Benjamin M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Checco, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM checco@bnl.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.061601 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EM UT WOS:000257287500076 PM 18643276 ER PT J AU Liu, J Chen, SY Zhang, DZ AF Liu, J. Chen, S. Y. Zhang, D. Z. TI Species interactions in binary particulate systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GRANULAR-MATERIALS; FLOWS; SEGREGATION; DISPERSE; MODEL; DENSE; GAS; EQUATIONS; MIXTURE; BEDS AB In many models for binary particulate systems, the relative motion between two particle species is modeled by diffusion. Recently, two-equation models have been used to improve diffusion models. While two-equation models are significant improvements to diffusion models and are applicable in modeling dilute systems, they are still theoretically inadequate for dense systems. This inadequacy directly results from the assumption that the species interaction forces in the two momentum equations sum to zero. In fact, the sum of the two forces is not zero but the divergence of an interspecies stress [Zhang, Ma, and Rauenzahn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 048301 (2006)]. Introduction of this interspecies stress amends the inadequacy in two-equation models. The main objective of the present paper is to examine the importance of this newly introduced interspecies stress relative to other known stresses in the system. For this purpose we numerically simulate the simplest possible granular system. The interspecies stress is of the same order of magnitude as other stresses for dense systems. Additionally, we also examine properties of the species interaction force under different conditions. C1 [Liu, J.; Zhang, D. Z.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Fluid Dynam Grp T 3, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, J.; Chen, S. Y.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Chen, S. Y.] Peking Univ, CoE, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Chen, S. Y.] Peking Univ, CCSE, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, DZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Fluid Dynam Grp T 3, Div Theoret, B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jliu36@jhu.edu; syc@jhu.edu; dzhang@lanl.gov RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066301 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600043 PM 18643365 ER PT J AU Mccoy, BK Liu, ZQ Wang, ST Pan, LD Wang, S Nguyen, HT Pindak, R Huang, CC AF McCoy, B. K. Liu, Z. Q. Wang, S. T. Pan, Lidong Wang, Shun Nguyen, H. T. Pindak, R. Huang, C. C. TI Effects of doping on an unusual smectic-C*(alpha)-smectic-C*FI2-smectic-C* phase sequence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL FILMS; ALPHA-ASTERISK PHASE; ELLIPSOMETRY; TRANSITION; SERIES AB The compound 10OHF has a partially inverted phase sequence, unique among the series of nOHF homologous compounds and all other known liquid crystals, with the smectic-C*(FI2) (SmC*(FI2)) phase occurring at higher temperature than the smectic-C* (SmC*) phase. We present ellipsometric data to identify the phase sequences of 9OHF, 10OHF, 11OHF, and 12OHF. Binary mixtures of 10OHF with C11, a compound with the typical phase sequence among the smectic phases, show that the unusual phase sequence of 10OHF stabilizes upon mixing and that SmC*(FI2) predominates over SmC(*) throughout the entire mixing phase diagram. In thin films of some mixtures, surface interactions induce a reentrant SmC*(FI2)-SmC*-SmC*(FI2) transition in the rest of the film. C1 [McCoy, B. K.; Liu, Z. Q.; Pan, Lidong; Wang, Shun; Huang, C. C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [McCoy, B. K.] Azusa Pacific Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Azusa, CA 91702 USA. [Liu, Z. Q.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Wang, S. T.; Pindak, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nguyen, H. T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France. RP Mccoy, BK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Shun, Wang/O-6978-2015 OI Shun, Wang/0000-0002-7996-8887 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 061704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.061704 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EM UT WOS:000257287500084 PM 18643284 ER PT J AU Sloutskin, E Huber, P Wolff, M Ocko, BM Madsen, A Sprung, M Schon, V Baumert, J Deutsch, M AF Sloutskin, E. Huber, P. Wolff, M. Ocko, B. M. Madsen, A. Sprung, M. Schoen, V. Baumert, J. Deutsch, M. TI Dynamics and critical damping of capillary waves in an ionic liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHOTON-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE LIGHT-SCATTERING; X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; INTERFACE; VISCOSITY; WATER; TRANSITION; COHERENCE; SOLVENTS; SPECTRUM AB The dynamics of thermal capillary waves (CWs) on an ionic liquid's surface are studied at the transition from propagating to overdamped CWs by x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The analysis considers both homodyne and heterodyne contributions, and yields excellent full line-shape experiment-theory agreement for the structure factor. The CWs' Brillouin scattering becomes extinct at a critical temperature T(c)(JK)similar to 10 K above T(c)(LL), the propagating modes' hydrodynamic limit, in agreement with linear response theory. Surprisingly, the same power law applies at both T(c). The results rule out the presence of a suggested surface dipole layer. C1 [Sloutskin, E.; Deutsch, M.] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Sloutskin, E.; Deutsch, M.] Bar Ilan Univ, Inst Nanotechnol & Adv Mat, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Huber, P.; Wolff, M.; Schoen, V.] Univ Saarland, Dept Phys & Mechatron Engn, D-6600 Saarbrucken, Germany. [Ocko, B. M.; Baumert, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Madsen, A.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Sprung, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, APS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sloutskin, E (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il RI Huber, Patrick/B-7690-2008 OI Huber, Patrick/0000-0002-2126-9100 NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 060601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.060601 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EM UT WOS:000257287500006 PM 18643206 ER PT J AU Swaminathan, S Karpeev, D Aranson, IS AF Swaminathan, Sumanth Karpeev, Dmitry Aranson, Igor S. TI Bundle dynamics of interacting polar rods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZATION; MICROTUBULES; MOTORS AB We use a probabilistic model of microtubule interaction via molecular motors to study microtubule bundle interaction. Our model indicates that initially disordered systems of interacting polar rods exhibit an orientational instability resulting in spontaneous ordering. We study the existence and dynamic interaction of microtubule bundles analytically and numerically. Our results show a long term attraction and coalescing of bundles indicating a clear coarsening in the system; Microtubule bundles concentrate into fewer orientations on a slow logarithmic time scale. C1 [Swaminathan, Sumanth] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60202 USA. [Swaminathan, Sumanth; Karpeev, Dmitry] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Aranson, Igor S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60202 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066206 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600027 PM 18643349 ER PT J AU Swift, DC Kraus, RG AF Swift, Damian C. Kraus, Richard G. TI Properties of plastic ablators in laser-driven material dynamics experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB Radiation hydrodynamics simulations were used to study the effect of plastic ablators in laser-driven shock experiments. The sensitivity to composition and equation of state was found to be 5%-10% in ablation pressure. As was found for metals, a laser pulse of constant irradiance gave a pressure history which decreased by several percent per nanosecond. The pressure history could be made more constant by adjusting the irradiance history. The impedance mismatch with the sample gave an increase o(100%) in the pressure transmitted into the sample, for a reduction of several tens of percent in the duration of the peak load applied to the sample, and structured the release history by adding a release step to a pressure close to the ablation pressure. Algebraic relations were found between the laser pulse duration, the ablator thickness, and the duration of the peak pressure applied to the sample, involving quantities calculated from the equations of state of the ablator and sample using shock dynamics. C1 [Swift, Damian C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CMELS MSTD, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kraus, Richard G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Swift, DC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CMELS MSTD, 700 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dswift@llnl.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066402 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 321EN UT WOS:000257287600056 PM 18643378 ER PT J AU Gullans, M Penn, G Wurtele, JS Zolotorev, M AF Gullans, M. Penn, G. Wurtele, J. S. Zolotorev, M. TI Three-dimensional analysis of free-electron laser performance using brightness scaled variables SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION AB A three-dimensional analysis of radiation generation in a free-electron laser (FEL) is performed in the small signal regime. The analysis includes beam conditioning, harmonic generation, flat beams, and a new scaling of the FEL equations using the six-dimensional beam brightness. The six-dimensional beam brightness is an invariant under Liouvillian flow; therefore, any nondissipative manipulation of the phase space, performed, for example, in order to optimize FEL performance, must conserve this brightness. This scaling is more natural than the commonly used scaling with the one-dimensional growth rate. The brightness-scaled equations allow for the succinct characterization of the optimal FEL performance under various additional constraints. The analysis allows for the simple evaluation of gain enhancement schemes based on beam phase space manipulations such as emittance exchange and conditioning. An example comparing the gain in the first and third harmonics of round or flat and conditioned or unconditioned beams is presented. C1 [Gullans, M.; Penn, G.; Wurtele, J. S.; Zolotorev, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gullans, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gepenn@lbl.gov RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016; OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297; Gullans, Michael/0000-0003-3974-2987 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 6 AR 060701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.11.060701 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 327WX UT WOS:000257760300003 ER PT J AU LeChien, KR Savage, ME Anaya, V Bliss, DE Clark, WT Corley, JP Feltz, G Garrity, JE Guthrie, DW Hodge, KC Maenchen, JE Maier, R Prestwich, KR Struve, KW Stygar, WA Thompson, T Van Den Avyle, J Wakeland, PE Wallace, ZR Woodworth, JR AF LeChien, K. R. Savage, M. E. Anaya, V. Bliss, D. E. Clark, W. T. Corley, J. P. Feltz, G. Garrity, J. E. Guthrie, D. W. Hodge, K. C. Maenchen, J. E. Maier, R. Prestwich, K. R. Struve, K. W. Stygar, W. A. Thompson, T. Van Den Avyle, J. Wakeland, P. E. Wallace, Z. R. Woodworth, J. R. TI Development of a 5.4 MV laser triggered gas switch for multimodule, multimegampere pulsed power drivers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRODE EROSION; SPARK GAP; BREAKDOWN; DENSITY; SYSTEM; FIELD AB Laser triggered, megavolt, megampere gas switches are frequently utilized to synchronize multiple pulsed power driver modules for inertial-confinement fusion, isentropic compression, and radiation physics experiments. The device developed to synchronize the 36 modules of the refurbished Z accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories is a 5.4 MV, 700 kA, sulfur-hexafluoride (SF(6)) filled, laser triggered gas switch. At this operating level, switch jitter is 5 ns, the prefire rate is less than 0.1%, the average optic lifetime is greater than 200 shots, and the flashover rate is less than 1%. Over 1000 shots on a single-module test facility were conducted while iterating several potential design improvements, including utilizing low-erosion electrode material, varying SF6 pressure, and modifying internal switch geometry all while keeping the basic switch architecture and footprint constant. Results of this development effort are presented herein. C1 [LeChien, K. R.; Savage, M. E.; Bliss, D. E.; Clark, W. T.; Maenchen, J. E.; Maier, R.; Struve, K. W.; Stygar, W. A.; Van Den Avyle, J.; Woodworth, J. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Anaya, V.; Corley, J. P.; Feltz, G.; Guthrie, D. W.; Hodge, K. C.; Thompson, T.; Wakeland, P. E.; Wallace, Z. R.] Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Garrity, J. E.] Mat Proc & Coatings Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Prestwich, K. R.] Kenneth R Prestwich Consulting, Albuquerque, NM 87112 USA. RP LeChien, KR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Maier, Russell/E-2358-2011 OI Maier, Russell/0000-0003-4024-589X NR 59 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 6 AR 060402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.11.060402 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 327WX UT WOS:000257760300002 ER PT J AU Maldonado, JR Liu, Z Dowell, DH Kirby, RE Sun, Y Pianetta, P Pease, F AF Maldonado, Juan R. Liu, Zhi Dowell, D. H. Kirby, Robert E. Sun, Yun Pianetta, Piero Pease, Fabian TI Robust CsBr/Cu photocathodes for the linac coherent light source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The linac coherent light source (LCLS), an x-ray free-electron laser project presently under construction at SLAC, uses a 2.856 GHz rf photocathode gun with a copper cathode for its electron source. While the copper cathode is performing well for the LCLS project, a cathode material with higher quantum efficiency would reduce the drive laser requirements and allow a greater range of operating conditions. Therefore a robust CsBr/Cu photocathode with greater than 50 times the quantum yield at 257 nm relative to the present LCLS copper cathode has been investigated. Preliminary experiments using a dedicated electron source development test stand at SLAC/SSRL are encouraging and are presented in this paper. C1 [Maldonado, Juan R.; Pease, Fabian] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Liu, Zhi; Dowell, D. H.; Kirby, Robert E.; Sun, Yun; Pianetta, Piero] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Maldonado, JR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009 OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561 NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 6 AR 060702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.11.060702 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 327WX UT WOS:000257760300004 ER EF