FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT S
AU Shapira, D
Liang, JF
Gross, CJ
Varner, RL
Beene, JR
Stracener, DW
Mueller, PE
Kolata, JJ
Roberts, A
Loveland, W
Vinodkumar, AM
Prisbrey, L
Sprunger, P
Jones, KL
Caraley, AL
AF Shapira, D.
Liang, J. F.
Gross, C. J.
Varner, R. L.
Beene, J. R.
Stracener, D. W.
Mueller, P. E.
Kolata, J. J.
Roberts, A.
Loveland, W.
Vinodkumar, A. M.
Prisbrey, L.
Sprunger, P.
Jones, K. L.
Caraley, A. L.
BE Rehm, KE
Back, BB
Esbensen, H
Lister, CJ
TI Evaporation residue yields in reactions of heavy neutron-rich
radioactive ion beams with Ni-64 and Zr-96 targets
SO FUSION 08
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on New Aspects of Heavy Ion Collisions Near the
Coulomb Barrier
CY SEP 22-26, 2008
CL Chicago, IL
SP Phys Div, Argonne Natl Lab, Canberra Eurisys, Micron-Semiconductor, Ortec, Wiener, Plein & Baus
DE Radioactive Ion Beams; Neutron-Rich; Fusion
ID SUBBARRIER FUSION; ENHANCEMENT
AB As hindrance sets in for the fusion of heavier systems, the effect of large neutron excess in the colliding nuclei on their probability to fuse is still an open question. The detection of evaporation residues (ERs), however, provides indisputable evidence for the fusion (complete and incomplete) in the reaction. We therefore devised a system with which we could measure ERs using low intensity neutron-rich radioactive ion beams with an efficiency close to 100%. We report on measurements of the production of ERs in collisions of Sn-132,Sn-134, Te-134 and Sb-134 ion beams with medium mass, neutron-rich targets. The data taken with Sn-131,Sn-134 bombarding a Ni-64 target are compared to available data (ERs and fusion) taken with stable Sri isotopes. Preliminary data on the fusion of Sn-132 with Zr-96 target are also presented.
C1 [Shapira, D.; Liang, J. F.; Gross, C. J.; Varner, R. L.; Beene, J. R.; Stracener, D. W.; Mueller, P. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kolata, J. J.; Roberts, A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Loveland, W.; Vinodkumar, A. M.; Prisbrey, L.; Sprunger, P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Jones, K. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Caraley, A. L.] SUNY Coll Oswego, Dept Phys, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Shapira, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011
OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379
FU DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle. A.R; J.J.K; NSF [PHY02-44989]
FX This work is supported by DOE contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with
UT-Battelle. A.R and J.J.K are supported by NSF grant PHY02-44989
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0631-5
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1098
BP 237
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BJF74
UT WOS:000265468600037
ER
PT B
AU Rao, NSV
Clover, CW
Shankar, M
Chin, JC
Yau, DKY
Ma, CYT
Yang, Y
Sahni, S
AF Rao, Nageswara S. V.
Clover, Charles W.
Shankar, Mallikarjun
Chin, Jren-Chit
Yau, David K. Y.
Ma, Chris Y. T.
Yang, Yong
Sahni, Sartaj
GP IEEE
TI Improved SPRT Detection Using Localization with Application to Radiation
Sources
SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS
1-4
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion
CY JUL 06-09, 2009
CL Seattle, WA
SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst
DE Sensor network; sequential probability ratio test; radiation source;
detection and localization
ID RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; SENSOR NETWORKS
AB We consider the problem, of detecting a source with a scalar intensity inside a two-dimensional monitoring area using intensity sensor measurements in presence of a background process. The Sensor measurements may be random due to the underlying nature of the source and background as well as due to sensor errors. The Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) can be used to infer detections from measurements at the individual sensors. When a network of sensors is available, these detection results may be combined using a fusion rule such as majority rule. We propose a detection method that first utilizes a robust localization method to estimate the source parameters and then employs an adaptive SPRY based on estimates to infer detection. Under Lipschitz conditions on the source and background parameters and minimum size of the packing number of state-space, we show that this method provides better performance compared to: (a) any SPRT-based single sensor detection with fixed threshold, and (b) majority and certain general fusers of SPRT-based single sensor detectors. We analyze the performance of this method for the case of detecting point radiation sources, and present simulation and testbed results.
C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Clover, Charles W.; Shankar, Mallikarjun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Chin, Jren-Chit; Yau, David K. Y.; Ma, Chris Y. T.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Yang, Yong] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 60680 USA.
[Sahni, Sartaj] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Shankar, Mallikarjun/N-4400-2015;
OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460; Rao,
Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941
FU SensorNet program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; LLC for U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was funded by the SensorNet program at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-0-9824-4380-4
PY 2009
BP 633
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BMT89
UT WOS:000273560000082
ER
PT B
AU Beaver, JM
Kerekes, RA
Treadwell, JN
AF Beaver, Justin M.
Kerekes, Ryan A.
Treadwell, Jim N.
GP IEEE
TI An Information Fusion Framework for Threat Assessment
SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS
1-4
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion
CY JUL 06-09, 2009
CL Seattle, WA
SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst
DE Information fusion; threat assessment; Bayesian belief networks; data
analysis; threat signatures
AB Modern enterprises are becoming increasingly sensitive to the potential destructive power of small groups or individuals with malicious intent. In response, significant investments are being made in developing a means to assess the likelihood of certain threats to their enterprises. Threat assessment needs are typically focused in very specfic application areas where current processes rely heavily on human analysis to both combine any available data and draw conclusions about the probability of a threat. A generic approach to threat assessment is proposed, including a threat taxonomy and decision-level information fusion framework, that provides a computational means or merging multi-modal data for the purpose of assessing the presence of a threat. The framework is designed for flexibility, and intentionally accounts for the accuracy of each data source, given the environmental conditions, in order to manage the uncertainty associated with any acquire data. The taxonomy and information fusion framework is described, and discussed in the context of real-world applications such as shipping container security and cyber security.
C1 [Beaver, Justin M.; Treadwell, Jim N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Appl Software Engn Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kerekes, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Beaver, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Appl Software Engn Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM beaverjm@ornl.gov; kerekesra@ornl.gov; treadwelljn@ornl.gov
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, Tennessee [37831-6285]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR2225, AC05-00OR22725]
FX Prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee 37831-6285; managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR2225. This manuscript
has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725
for the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains
and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication,
acknowledges that the United States Government retains non-exclusive,
paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United
States Government purposes.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-0-9824-4380-4
PY 2009
BP 1903
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BMT89
UT WOS:000273560001101
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, G
Harvey, RW
AF Taylor, Gary
Harvey, Robert W.
TI ASSESSMENT OF AN OBLIQUE ECE DIAGNOSTIC FOR ITER
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron
Resonance Heating
CY MAR 10-13, 2008
CL Yosemite Natl Park, CA
DE electron cyclotron emission; plasma diagnostics; ITER
ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON EMISSION
AB A systematic disagreement between the electron temperature measured by electron cyclotron emission (ECE) (T(ECE)) and laser Thomson scattering (T(TS)), which increases with T(ECE), is observed in JET and TFTR plasmas, such that TECE similar to 1.2 T(TS) when T(ECE) similar to 10 keV The disagreement is consistent with a non-Maxwellian distortion in the bulk electron momentum distribution. ITER is projected to operate with T(e)(0) similar to 20 to 40 keV so the disagreement between T(ECE) and T(TS) could be >50%, with significant physics implications. The GENRAY ray-tracing code predicts that a two-view ECE system, with perpendicular and moderately oblique viewing antennas, would be sufficient to reconstruct a two-temperature bulk distribution. If the electron momentum distribution remains Maxwellian, the moderately oblique view could still be used to measure the electron temperature profile T(e)(R). A viewing dump will not be required for the oblique view, and plasma refraction will be minimal. The oblique view has a similar radial resolution to the perpendicular view, but with some reduction in radial coverage. Oblique viewing angles of up to 20 deg can be implemented without a major revision to the front end of the existing ITER ECE diagnostic design.
C1 [Taylor, Gary] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Harvey, Robert W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA.
RP Taylor, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM gtaylor@pppl.gov
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 1
BP 64
EP 75
PG 12
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 400MM
UT WOS:000262872300007
ER
PT S
AU Payne, TL
Bogomolny, D
Brown, G
AF Payne, Terry L.
Bogomolny, David
Brown, Gilbert
BE Jones, RF
TI Hydrogen PEM Fuel Cells: A Market Need Provides Research Opportunities
SO FUTURE OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
SE ACS Symposium Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on the Future of the Chemical Industry
CY AUG 18, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP ACS,Div Business Dev & Management
DE catalyst; fuel cell; global; hydrogen; impurity; international; market;
membrane; PEM
C1 [Payne, Terry L.; Brown, Gilbert] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Payne, TL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM paynetl@ornl.gov
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 978-0-8412-0002-9
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 2009
VL 1026
BP 107
EP 113
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA BQX40
UT WOS:000282062300005
ER
PT S
AU Miyoshi, Y
Jordanova, VK
AF Miyoshi, Y.
Jordanova, V. K.
BE Hirahara, M
Shinohara, I
Miyoshi, Y
Terada, N
Mukai, T
TI Numerical Simulation of Energetic Electrons in the Inner Magnetosphere
during the October 2001 storm
SO FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF SPACE PLASMA AND PARTICLE INSTRUMENTATION AND
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Future Perspectives of Space Plasma and
Particle Instrumentation and International Collaborations
CY NOV 01-03, 2006
CL Tokyo, JAPAN
SP Rikkyo Univ, Nagoya Univ, Solar Terrestrial Environm Lab, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci
ID OUTER RADIATION BELT; MAGNETIC STORM
AB We simulated the dynamics of energetic electrons during the October 2001 magnetic storm with the relativistic RAM electron model for a wide range of energies. We identified the transport modes which produce the flux variations at the different energies. The simulation reproduced the inward convection and the local time flux asymmetry of hot electrons during the main phase. The higher-energy electrons, on the other hand, were predominantly transported inward by radial diffusion and not convective motion. Most of the adiabatic energization occurred around the main phase due to the convection, and radial diffusion has a secondary effect.
C1 [Miyoshi, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Jordanova, V. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Miyoshi, Y (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
OI Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743
FU Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [17740326];
NASA LWS; GI programs; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
grant
FX This work was supported by grant-in-aid for scientific research
(17740326) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture,
Japan. Work at Los Alamos was conducted under the auspices of the U. S.
Department of Energy, with partial support from the NASA LWS and GI
programs, and from a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant.
The LANL satellite data are provided from M. Thomsen and G. Reeves.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0681-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1144
BP 142
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BLS33
UT WOS:000270932100023
ER
PT J
AU McJunkin, TR
Scott, JR
AF McJunkin, Timothy R.
Scott, Jill R.
BE Vargas, RE
TI APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC FOR AUTOMATED INTERPRETATION OF MASS SPECTRA
SO FUZZY LOGIC: THEORY, PROGRAMMING AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; DOUBLE-BOND POSITION;
ARTIFICIAL-INTELLIGENCE; CHEMICAL INFERENCE; COMPUTER METHODS;
SPECTROMETRY DATA; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; NEURAL-NETWORKS;
EXPERT-SYSTEMS; DECISION-TREE
AB The advent of laboratory automation has given researchers the capability to acquire a plethora of data so that data interpretation is now the rate limiting step, which is particularly true in mass spectrometry used for high-throughput screening. Fuzzy logic is a natural way to encapsulate the processes used by human experts to interpret mass spectra because mass spectra can be described linguistically. Unfortunately, the vast majority of approaches to automated mass spectral analysis have relied on neural network or chemometric strategies. Artificial neural network interpretation schemes tend to become a "black box" that lacks transparency in the decision process and require greater skill in choosing an architecture and training method than the mass spectrometrist may realize and, therefore, are prone to pitfalls that may not be visible without expensive validation efforts. Chemometric techniques tend to mishandle unanticipated spectral data, often obscuring valuable information. In contrast, fuzzy logic rules are straightforward mathematical expressions of plain language; thus, the decision-making process is transparent. In addition, fuzzy methods can be used to highlight the presence of unexpected, unknown spectra. In the case of data sets in which there is little a priori knowledge about the solution, other data discovery methods can be used to assist in forming the rule base. A prudent approach uses these methods to abstract key features from data sets to form fuzzy rules, but then relies on fuzzy logic to capture the human inference process to form the decision basis implemented in the classifier. Examples illustrate the fuzzy methods needed to describe mass spectra, to develop fuzzy rule bases, to employ fuzzy logic approaches to classify spectra, and to construct methods to determine hard classifications (i.e., defuzzification) for final decision making as well as methods to resolve uncertainty in classification with information provided by spatially related data points in mass spectra based chemical imaging. The illustrations presented provide a bridge to span the gap between scientists using mass spectrometry and practitioners of fuzzy logic.
C1 [McJunkin, Timothy R.; Scott, Jill R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Scott, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625 MS 2208, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM jill.scott@inl.gov
NR 74
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60456-915-5
PY 2009
BP 85
EP 113
PG 29
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BPS15
UT WOS:000279761800005
ER
PT S
AU Meegan, C
Bhat, PN
Bissaldi, E
Briggs, M
Connaughton, V
Diehl, R
Fishman, G
Greiner, J
Hoover, AS
van der Horst, A
von Kienlin, A
Kippen, RM
Kouveliotou, C
Lichti, G
Paciesas, W
Preece, R
Steinle, H
Wallace, MS
Wilson-Hodge, C
AF Meegan, Charles
Bhat, P. N.
Bissaldi, Elisabetta
Briggs, Michael
Connaughton, Valerie
Diehl, Roland
Fishman, Gerald
Greiner, Jochen
Hoover, Andrew S.
van der Horst, Alexander
von Kienlin, Andreas
Kippen, R. Marc
Kouveliotou, Chryssa
Lichti, Giselher
Paciesas, William
Preece, Robert
Steinle, Helmut
Wallace, Mark S.
Wilson-Hodge, Colleen
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI On-Orbit Performance of the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitoi
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE gamma-ray bursts; gamma-ray detectors
ID HIGH-ENERGY
AB The Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) enhances the science return from the Fermi mission by providing observations of GRBs in the energy range 8 keV to 40 MeV, thereby extending GRB spectra three decades below the Large Area Telescope (LAT) threshold of similar to 20 MeV. GBM employs twelve sodium iodide scintillation detectors and two bismuth germinate scintillation detectors to observe the full unocculted sky. The flight software localizes GRBs and can generate a request to autonomously repoint the spacecraft to place a burst within the LAT field of view. GBM has a trigger threshold of 0.74 photons-cm(-2)-s(-1) and triggers on similar to 260 bursts per year, as well as a variety of other gamma-ray transients.
C1 [Meegan, Charles] Univ Space Res Assoc, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Bhat, P. N.; Connaughton, Valerie; Paciesas, William; Preece, Robert] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Bissaldi, Elisabetta; Briggs, Michael; Diehl, Roland; Greiner, Jochen; von Kienlin, Andreas; Lichti, Giselher; Steinle, Helmut] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany.
[Fishman, Gerald; van der Horst, Alexander; Kouveliotou, Chryssa; Wilson-Hodge, Colleen] Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Kippen, R. Marc; Wallace, Mark S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Meegan, C (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016;
OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Preece,
Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 7
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300002
ER
PT S
AU Bhat, PN
Meegan, CA
Lichti, GG
Briggs, AS
Connaughton, V
Diehl, R
Fishman, GJ
Greiner, J
Kippen, RM
Kouveliotou, C
Paciesas, WS
Preece, RD
von Kienlin, A
AF Bhat, P. N.
Meegan, C. A.
Lichti, G. G.
Briggs, M. S.
Connaughton, V.
Diehl, R.
Fishman, G. J.
Greiner, J.
Kippen, R. M.
Kouveliotou, C.
Paciesas, W. S.
Preece, R. D.
von Kienlin, A.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor Instrument
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE Gamma-ray Burst Instrumentation
AB The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope launched on June 11, 2008 carries two experiments onboard - the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). The primary mission of the GBM instrument is to support the LAT in observing gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by providing low-energy measurements with high temporal and spectral resolution as well as rapid burst locations over a large field-of-view (>= 8 sr). The GBM will complement the LAT measurements by observing GRBs in the energy range 8 keV to 40 Mev, the region of the spectral turnover in most GRBs. The GBM detector signals are processed by the onboard digital processing unit (DPU). We describe some of the hardware features of the DPU and its expected limitations during intense triggers.
C1 [Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Connaughton, V.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R. D.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Meegan, C. A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Lichti, G. G.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany.
[Fishman, G. J.; Kouveliotou, C.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Bhat, PN (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012;
OI Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 34
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300007
ER
PT S
AU Bissaldi, E
von Kienlin, A
Lichti, G
Steinle, H
Bhat, PN
Briggs, MS
Fishman, GJ
Hoover, AS
Kippen, RM
Krumrey, M
Gerlach, M
Connaughton, V
Diehl, R
Greiner, J
van der Horst, AJ
Kouveliotou, C
McBreeni, S
Meegan, CA
Paciesas, WS
Preece, RD
Wilson-Hodge, CA
AF Bissaldi, E.
von Kienlin, A.
Lichti, G.
Steinle, H.
Bhat, P. N.
Briggs, M. S.
Fishman, G. J.
Hoover, A. S.
Kippen, R. M.
Krumrey, M.
Gerlach, M.
Connaughton, V.
Diehl, R.
Greiner, J.
van der Horst, A. J.
Kouveliotou, C.
McBreeni, S.
Meegan, C. A.
Paciesas, W. S.
Preece, R. D.
Wilson-Hodge, C. A.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Fermi GBM: Main detector-level calibration results
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope; GLAST; Gamma-Ray Detectors;
Calibration; Nal(Tl); BGO; Gamma-Ray Burst
ID GLAST BURST MONITOR
AB One of the scientific objectives of NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is the study of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) was designed to detect and localize bursts for the Fermi mission. By means of an array of 12 Nal(Tl) (8 keV to 1 MeV) and two BGO (0.2 to 40 MeV) scintillation detectors, GBM extends the energy range (20 MeV to > 300 GeV) of Fermi's main instrument, the Large Area Telescope (LAT), into the traditional range of current GRB databases. The physical detector response of the GBM instrument to GRBs is determined with the help of Monte Carlo simulations, which are supported and verified by on-ground individual detector calibration measurements. We present the principal instrument properties, which have been determined as a function of energy and angle, including the channel-energy relation, the energy resolution and the effective area.
C1 [Bissaldi, E.; von Kienlin, A.; Lichti, G.; Steinle, H.; Diehl, R.; Greiner, J.; McBreeni, S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Connaughton, V.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R. D.] Univ Alabama, NSSTC, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Fishman, G. J.; van der Horst, A. J.; Kouveliotou, C.; Meegan, C. A.; Wilson-Hodge, C. A.] Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Hoover, A. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Krumrey, M.; Gerlach, M.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
[McBreeni, S.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
RP Bissaldi, E (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RI Krumrey, Michael/G-6295-2011; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016;
OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Preece,
Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 37
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300008
ER
PT S
AU Briggs, MS
Connaughton, V
Meegan, CA
Wilson-Hodge, C
Kippen, M
Hurley, K
AF Briggs, Michael S.
Connaughton, Valerie
Meegan, Charles A.
Wilson-Hodge, Colleen
Kippen, Marc
Hurley, Kevin
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI The Accuracy of GBM GRB Locations
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE Gamma rays: Bursts
ID GAMMA-RAY BURST
AB The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) locates transient gamma-ray sources using the relative rates in the twelve NaI detectors. The location algorithm is described. This method is subject to both statistical and systematic errors. Three types of locations are produced: automatic locations by the Flight Software onboard GBM, automatic locations by ground software, and human-guided locations. A Bayesian model comparison method is used to analyze the error distributions of the GBM GRB locations. The analysis uses samples of accurate reference locations provided by other instruments.
C1 [Briggs, Michael S.; Connaughton, Valerie] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Meegan, Charles A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Wilson-Hodge, Colleen] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Kippen, Marc] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hurley, Kevin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Briggs, MS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
NR 5
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 40
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300009
ER
PT S
AU Fryer, CL
AF Fryer, Chris L.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Applying Lessons from SN Studies to GRBs
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE stellar evolution: late stages; supernovae; gamma-ray bursts
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; SUPERNOVA; PROGENITORS; MODEL
AB Supernovae and Gamma-Ray bursts display many similarities, both in their observational qualities and in the engines behind these powerful explosions. Although not identical, there is a strong synergy in the study of these two objects. There is much the gamma-ray burst field can learn from the lessons of the more-developed supernova field, but the supernova field can also learn from new techniques developed for gamma-ray burst studies. Here I review some of the "lessons learned" from these fields to help foster this synergy.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D409,CCS-2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 97
EP 102
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300027
ER
PT S
AU Panaitescu, A
AF Panaitescu, A.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Gamma-Ray Burst afterglows: theory and observations
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
ID SWIFT XRT DATA; LIGHT-CURVES; THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS;
GRB AFTERGLOWS; FIREBALL MODEL; JET BREAKS; EMISSION; SHOCK; ENERGY
AB I discuss some theoretical expectations for the synchrotron emission from a relativistic blast-wave interacting with the ambient medium, as a model for GRB afterglows, and compare them with observations. An afterglow flux evolving as a power-law in time, a bright optical flash during and after the burst, and light-curve breaks owing to a tight ejecta collimation are the major predictions that were confirmed observationally, but it should be recognized that light-curve decay indices are not correlated with the spectral slopes (as would be expected), optical flashes are quite rare, and jet-breaks harder to find in Swift X-ray afterglows.
X-ray light-curve plateaus could be due to variations in the average energy-per-solid-angle of the blast-wave, confirming to two other anticipated features of GRB outflows: energy injection and angular structure. The latter is also the more likely origin of the fast-rises seen in some optical light-curves. To account for the existence of both chromatic and achromatic afterglow light-curve breaks, the overall picture must be even more complex and include a new mechanism that dominates occasionally the emission from the blast-wave: either late internal shocks or scattering (bulk and/or inverse-Compton) of the blast-wave emission by an outflow interior to it.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Panaitescu, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 1, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 61
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 127
EP 138
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300035
ER
PT S
AU Gonzalez, MM
Sacahui, JR
Dingus, BL
AF Gonzalez, M. M.
Sacahui, J. R.
Dingus, B. L.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI GRB980923; a Burst with the MeV-spectral Component of GRB941017
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE gamma rays: bursts; gamma rays: observations; methods:data analysis
ID BATSE
AB A detailed joint analysis of BATSE-LAD and EGRET-TASC data yielded to the discovery of an anomalous MeV-component in the spectra of GRB941017. The detailed description and time evolution, as well as the lack of other GRBs with the MeV-component have made difficult the description of such MeV-component. Previous analyses by Kaneko [5] and Gonzalez [3, 4], showed that the spectrum of GRB980923 beyond 10MeV is not consistent with a smooth continuation of the spectra at keV-energies along the whole burst. We have deeply analyzed GRB980923 and found the presence of a MeV-component with similar spectral features to the one found in GRB941017. In this work we compare GRB941017 and GRB980923.
C1 [Gonzalez, M. M.; Sacahui, J. R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Dingus, B. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gonzalez, MM (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
OI Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450
FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [J50705-F]
FX M. M. Gonzalez was partially supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y
Tecnologia, grant number J50705-F.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 409
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300096
ER
PT S
AU Salmonson, JD
AF Salmonson, Jay D.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Numerical Modeling of GRB Prompt Emission via Internal Shocks
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE gamma-ray bursts; internal shocks; synchrotron; relativistic
astrophysics
AB The prompt emission from gamma-ray bursts is the most direct observation we have of the mysterious central engine. It also remains one of the most enigmatic and intriguing phases of the GRB. Due to the difficulty in simulating highly relativistic hydrodynamic flows and calculating their observational signatures, efforts to model this phase to date have been primarily either crude analytical, or approximate numerical treatments. We present results from a new numerical framework which post-processes relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of internal shocks from the COSMOS++ code to provide a multi-wavelength temporal emission profile as would be seen by an observer. This framework allows for the study of arbitrary shock geometries, energetics, and emission mechanisms and to make clear predictions of their observable consequences. Our method is general and thus includes all relativitic time-of-flight, doppler, and aberrative effects as well as cosmological redshift.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Salmonson, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 422
EP 424
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300100
ER
PT S
AU Ukwatta, TN
Sakamoto, T
Dhuga, KS
Parke, WC
Barthelmy, SD
Gehrels, N
Stamatikos, M
Tueller, J
AF Ukwatta, T. N.
Sakamoto, T.
Dhuga, K. S.
Parke, W. C.
Barthelmy, S. D.
Gehrels, N.
Stamatikos, M.
Tueller, J.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Investigating the Possibility of Screening High-z GRBs based on BAT
Prompt Emission Properties
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE Gamma-ray Bursts; High-z GRBs
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; REDSHIFT; MISSION
AB Being able to quickly select among gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) seen by the Swift satellite those which are high-z candidates would give ground-based observers a better chance to determine a redshift for such distant GRBs. Information about these high-z GRBs is important in helping to resolve questions about the early universe such as the formation rate of high-z GRBs, the re-ionization period of the universe, the metallicity of the early universe, and the Hubble expansion. Initially using a sample of 51 GRBs with previously measured redshifts, we have developed high-z screening criteria employing the GRB spectral as well as temporal characteristics of the prompt emission from the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on Swift. Now that the sample has increased to 81 GRBs, we have revisited the screening criteria and our methodology. Our updated high-z screening criteria are presented in this paper.
C1 [Ukwatta, T. N.; Dhuga, K. S.; Parke, W. C.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Ukwatta, T. N.; Sakamoto, T.; Barthelmy, S. D.; Gehrels, N.; Stamatikos, M.; Tueller, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sakamoto, T.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Stamatikos, M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ukwatta, TN (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 437
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300105
ER
PT S
AU Sakamoto, T
Barbier, L
Barthelmy, SD
Cummings, JR
Fenimore, EE
Gehrels, N
Krimm, HA
Markwardt, CB
Palmer, DM
Parsons, AM
Sato, G
Stamatikos, M
Tueller, J
AF Sakamoto, T.
Barbier, L.
Barthelmy, S. D.
Cummings, J. R.
Fenimore, E. E.
Gehrels, N.
Krimm, H. A.
Markwardt, C. B.
Palmer, D. M.
Parsons, A. M.
Sato, G.
Stamatikos, M.
Tueller, J.
BE Meegan, C
Gehrels, N
Kouveliotou, C
TI Probing the Nature of Short Swift Bursts via Deep INTEGRAL Monitoring of
GRB 050925
SO GAMMA-RAY BUSTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Huntsville Symposium on Gamma-Ray Burst
CY OCT 20-23, 2008
CL Huntsville, AL
SP Gamma Ray Burst Monitor, Swift, Univ Alabama, Curry Fdn
DE gamma ray: bursts
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; FLARE
AB We present results from Swift, XMM-Newton, and deep INTEGRAL monitoring (AO-5 key program data) in the region of GRB 050925. This short Swift burst is a candidate for a newly discovered soft gamma-ray repeater (SGR) with the following observational burst properties: 1) galactic plane (b=-0.07 degrees) localization, 2) 150 msec duration, and 3) a blackbody rather than a simple power-law spectral shape. We will show a possible X-ray counterpart of GRB 050925, and also the results of searching similar to 1 Msec INTEGRAL data for persistent hard X-ray emission from this SGR candidate source.
C1 [Sakamoto, T.; Cummings, J. R.; Krimm, H. A.; Markwardt, C. B.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sakamoto, T.; Barbier, L.; Barthelmy, S. D.; Cummings, J. R.; Gehrels, N.; Krimm, H. A.; Markwardt, C. B.; Sato, G.; Stamatikos, M.; Tueller, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cummings, J. R.] Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Astrophys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Fenimore, E. E.; Palmer, D. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krimm, H. A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
[Markwardt, C. B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sato, G.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Stamatikos, M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sakamoto, T (reprint author), CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Sakamoto, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Parsons, Ann/I-6604-2012
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0670-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1133
BP 503
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BKC01
UT WOS:000267717300120
ER
PT S
AU Chialvo, AA
Chialvo, S
Simonson, JM
AF Chialvo, Ariel A.
Chialvo, Sebastian
Simonson, J. Michael
BE Hutchenson, KW
Scurto, AM
Subramaniam, B
TI On the Molecular-Based Modeling of Dilute Ternary Systems in
Compressible Media: Formal Results and Thermodynamic Pitfalls
SO GAS-EXPANDED LIQUIDS AND NEAR-CRITICAL MEDIA: GREEN CHEMISTRY AND
ENGINEERING
SE ACS Symposium Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Green Chemistry and Engineering with Gas-Expanded Liquids
and Near-Critical Media
CY AUG 19-23, 2007
CL Boston, MA
SP ACS, Div Ind Engn Chem
ID TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; NEAR-CRITICAL SOLUTIONS;
SUPERCRITICAL MIXTURES; SOLUTE SOLUTE; FUGACITY COEFFICIENTS;
INTEGRAL-EQUATION; SOLUBILITY; SOLVATION; ENTRAINER; FLUIDS
AB Truncated series expansions for the species fugacity coefficients in ternary dilute systems are derived for the systematic study of mixed solutes in highly compressible media. Then, explicit molecular-based expressions for the expansion coefficients are drawn in terms of direct and total correlation function integrals associated with the actual microstructure of the reference infinite dilute system. Finally, these self-consistent formal expressions are used (a) to derive the corresponding expressions for special systems, (b) to highlight, and discuss with examples from the literature, some frequent pitfalls in the molecular modeling of these mixtures leading to serious thermodynamic inconsistencies, and (c) to illustrate how the proposed expressions reduce exactly, in the zero-density limit, to those for the properties of mixtures obeying the 1(st)-order truncated virial equation of state.
C1 [Chialvo, Ariel A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Aqueous Chem & Geochem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Aqueous Chem & Geochem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
OI Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 978-0-8412-6971-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 2009
VL 1006
BP 66
EP 80
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA BQX62
UT WOS:000282065100003
ER
PT J
AU Gabaldon, T
Dessimoz, C
Huxley-Jones, J
Vilella, AJ
Sonnhammer, ELL
Lewis, S
AF Gabaldon, Toni
Dessimoz, Christophe
Huxley-Jones, Julie
Vilella, Albert J.
Sonnhammer, Erik L. L.
Lewis, Suzanna
TI Joining forces in the quest for orthologs
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID AUTOMATED CONSTRUCTION; ANNOTATION; RESOURCE
AB Better orthology-prediction resources would be beneficial for the whole biological community. A recent meeting discussed how to coordinate and leverage current efforts.
C1 [Gabaldon, Toni] Ctr Gene Regulac CRG, Bioinformat & Genom Programme, Barcelona, Spain.
[Dessimoz, Christophe] ETH, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Dessimoz, Christophe] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Huxley-Jones, Julie] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Computat Biol, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Herts, England.
[Vilella, Albert J.] Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
[Sonnhammer, Erik L. L.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Stockholm Bioinformat Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Lewis, Suzanna] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94618 USA.
RP Gabaldon, T (reprint author), Ctr Gene Regulac CRG, Bioinformat & Genom Programme, Dr Aiguader 88-00800, Barcelona, Spain.
EM tgabaldon@crg.es
RI Gabaldon, Toni/A-7336-2008; Dessimoz, Christophe/D-3678-2011; Vilella,
Albert/A-8586-2008;
OI Gabaldon, Toni/0000-0003-0019-1735; Dessimoz,
Christophe/0000-0002-2170-853X; Vilella, Albert/0000-0002-2005-2516;
Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X
NR 13
TC 39
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 3
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 9
AR 403
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-403
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 514VX
UT WOS:000271425300020
PM 19785718
ER
PT J
AU Heiser, LM
Jwang, N
Talcott, CL
Laderoute, KR
Knapp, M
Guan, YH
Hu, Z
Ziyad, S
Weber, BL
Laquerre, S
Jackson, JR
Wooster, RF
Kuo, WL
Gray, JW
Spellman, PT
AF Heiser, Laura M.
Jwang, Nicholas
Talcott, Carolyn L.
Laderoute, Keith R.
Knapp, Merrill
Guan, Yinghui
Hu, Zhi
Ziyad, Safiyyah
Weber, Barbara L.
Laquerre, Sylvie
Jackson, Jeffrey R.
Wooster, Richard F.
Kuo, Wen Lin
Gray, Joe W.
Spellman, Paul T.
TI Integrated analysis of breast cancer cell lines reveals unique signaling
pathways
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; GROWTH-FACTOR
RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; METASTATIC BREAST; PROSTATE-CANCER; RHOB
EXPRESSION; RAF-1 KINASE; PIK3CA GENE; IN-VIVO
AB Background: Cancer is a heterogeneous disease resulting from the accumulation of genetic defects that negatively impact control of cell division, motility, adhesion and apoptosis. Deregulation in signaling along the EgfR-MAPK pathway is common in breast cancer, though the manner in which deregulation occurs varies between both individuals and cancer subtypes.
Results: We were interested in identifying subnetworks within the EgfR-MAPK pathway that are similarly deregulated across subsets of breast cancers. To that end, we mapped genomic, transcriptional and proteomic profiles for 30 breast cancer cell lines onto a curated Pathway Logic symbolic systems model of EgfR-MAPK signaling. This model was composed of 539 molecular states and 396 rules governing signaling between active states. We analyzed these models and identified several subtype-specific subnetworks, including one that suggested Pak1 is particularly important in regulating the MAPK cascade when it is over-expressed. We hypothesized that Pak1 over-expressing cell lines would have increased sensitivity to Mek inhibitors. We tested this experimentally by measuring quantitative responses of 20 breast cancer cell lines to three Mek inhibitors. We found that Pak1 over-expressing luminal breast cancer cell lines are significantly more sensitive to Mek inhibition compared to those that express Pak1 at low levels. This indicates that Pak1 over-expression may be a useful clinical marker to identify patient populations that may be sensitive to Mek inhibitors.
Conclusions: All together, our results support the utility of symbolic system biology models for identification of therapeutic approaches that will be effective against breast cancer subsets.
C1 [Heiser, Laura M.; Jwang, Nicholas; Guan, Yinghui; Hu, Zhi; Ziyad, Safiyyah; Kuo, Wen Lin; Gray, Joe W.; Spellman, Paul T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Talcott, Carolyn L.; Laderoute, Keith R.; Knapp, Merrill] SRI Int Inc, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Weber, Barbara L.; Laquerre, Sylvie; Jackson, Jeffrey R.; Wooster, Richard F.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Oncol CEDD, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA.
[Gray, Joe W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Spellman, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ptspellman@lbl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of
Health; National Cancer Institute [P50 CA 58207]; SmithKline Beecham
Corporation; [U54 CA 112970]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by the National Institutes of
Health, National Cancer Institute grants P50 CA 58207 Breast SPORE, the
U54 CA 112970 (ICBP), and by the SmithKline Beecham Corporation grant to
JWG.
NR 98
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 8
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 3
AR R31
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r31
PG 17
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 452MO
UT WOS:000266544500011
PM 19317917
ER
PT J
AU Henry, CS
Zinner, JF
Cohoon, MP
Stevens, RL
AF Henry, Christopher S.
Zinner, Jenifer F.
Cohoon, Matthew P.
Stevens, Rick L.
TI iBsu1103: a new genome-scale metabolic model of Bacillus subtilis based
on SEED annotations
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; FLUX
ANALYSIS; WILD-TYPE; RECONSTRUCTION; NETWORK; GROWTH; CAPABILITIES;
CONSTRAINTS
AB Background: Bacillus subtilis is an organism of interest because of its extensive industrial applications, its similarity to pathogenic organisms, and its role as the model organism for Gram positive, sporulating bacteria. In this work, we introduce a new genome-scale metabolic model of B. subtilis 168 called iBsu1103. This new model is based on the annotated B. subtilis 168 genome generated by the SEED, one of the most up-to-date and accurate annotations of B. subtilis 168 available.
Results: The iBsu1103 model includes 1,437 reactions associated with 1,103 genes, making it the most complete model of B. subtilis available. The model also includes Gibbs free energy change (Delta(r)G'degrees) values for 1,403 (97%) of the model reactions estimated by using the group contribution method. This data was used with an improved reaction reversibility prediction method to identify 653 (45%) irreversible reactions in the model. The model was validated against an experimental dataset consisting of 1,500 distinct conditions and was optimized by using an improved model optimization method to increase model accuracy from 89.7% to 93.1%.
Conclusions: Basing the iBsu1103 model on the annotations generated by the SEED significantly improved the model completeness and accuracy compared with the most recent previously published model. The enhanced accuracy of the iBsu1103 model also demonstrates the efficacy of the improved reaction directionality prediction method in accurately identifying irreversible reactions in the B. subtilis metabolism. The proposed improved model optimization methodology was also demonstrated to be effective in minimally adjusting model content to improve model accuracy.
C1 [Henry, Christopher S.; Zinner, Jenifer F.; Cohoon, Matthew P.; Stevens, Rick L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zinner, Jenifer F.; Stevens, Rick L.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Henry, CS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chenry@mcs.anl.gov; jzinner@mcs.anl.gov; cohoon@mcs.anl.gov;
stevens@anl.gov
NR 49
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 10
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 6
AR R69
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-6-r69
PG 46
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 465RK
UT WOS:000267604300019
PM 19555510
ER
PT J
AU Hooper, SD
Mavromatis, K
Kyrpides, NC
AF Hooper, Sean D.
Mavromatis, Konstantinos
Kyrpides, Nikos C.
TI Microbial co-habitation and lateral gene transfer: what transposases can
tell us
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BURKHOLDERIA-PSEUDOMALLEI; INSERTION SEQUENCES;
GENOMES; WATER; HOST; TOOL; RECONSTRUCTION; EVOLUTION; PATHOGENS
AB Background: Determining the habitat range for various microbes is not a simple, straightforward matter, as habitats interlace, microbes move between habitats, and microbial communities change over time. In this study, we explore an approach using the history of lateral gene transfer recorded in microbial genomes to begin to answer two key questions: where have you been and who have you been with?
Results: All currently sequenced microbial genomes were surveyed to identify pairs of taxa that share a transposase that is likely to have been acquired through lateral gene transfer. A microbial interaction network including almost 800 organisms was then derived from these connections. Although the majority of the connections are between closely related organisms with the same or overlapping habitat assignments, numerous examples were found of cross-habitat and cross-phylum connections.
Conclusions: We present a large-scale study of the distributions of transposases across phylogeny and habitat, and find a significant correlation between habitat and transposase connections. We observed cases where phylogenetic boundaries are traversed, especially when organisms share habitats; this suggests that the potential exists for genetic material to move laterally between diverse groups via bridging connections. The results presented here also suggest that the complex dynamics of microbial ecology may be traceable in the microbial genomes.
C1 [Hooper, Sean D.; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] JGI, DOE, Genome Biol Program, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
RP Hooper, SD (reprint author), JGI, DOE, Genome Biol Program, Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
EM SHooper@lbl.gov
RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014
OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462
FU University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research
Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los
Alamos National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC02-06NA25396. We
thank Dongying Wu for helpful discussions and Merry Youle for
constructive reading of the manuscript and input.
NR 39
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 4
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 4
AR R45
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-4-r45
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 452MP
UT WOS:000266544600017
PM 19393086
ER
PT J
AU MacArthur, S
Li, XY
Li, JY
Brown, JB
Chu, HC
Zeng, L
Grondona, BP
Hechmer, A
Simirenko, L
Keranen, SVE
Knowles, DW
Stapleton, M
Bickel, P
Biggin, MD
Eisen, MB
AF MacArthur, Stewart
Li, Xiao-Yong
Li, Jingyi
Brown, James B.
Chu, Hou Cheng
Zeng, Lucy
Grondona, Brandi P.
Hechmer, Aaron
Simirenko, Lisa
Keraenen, Soile V. E.
Knowles, David W.
Stapleton, Mark
Bickel, Peter
Biggin, Mark D.
Eisen, Michael B.
TI Developmental roles of 21 Drosophila transcription factors are
determined by quantitative differences in binding to an overlapping set
of thousands of genomic regions
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID HOMEOPROTEIN-DNA-BINDING; SEGMENTATION GENE RUNT; CIS-REGULATORY
MODULES; FUSHI-TARAZU PROTEIN; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; PAIR-RULE STRIPES;
IN-VIVO; GERM LAYERS; FISH-HOOK; EXPRESSION
AB Background: We previously established that six sequence-specific transcription factors that initiate anterior/posterior patterning in Drosophila bind to overlapping sets of thousands of genomic regions in blastoderm embryos. While regions bound at high levels include known and probable functional targets, more poorly bound regions are preferentially associated with housekeeping genes and/or genes not transcribed in the blastoderm, and are frequently found in protein coding sequences or in less conserved non-coding DNA, suggesting that many are likely non-functional.
Results: Here we show that an additional 15 transcription factors that regulate other aspects of embryo patterning show a similar quantitative continuum of function and binding to thousands of genomic regions in vivo. Collectively, the 21 regulators show a surprisingly high overlap in the regions they bind given that they belong to 11 DNA binding domain families, specify distinct developmental fates, and can act via different cis-regulatory modules. We demonstrate, however, that quantitative differences in relative levels of binding to shared targets correlate with the known biological and transcriptional regulatory specificities of these factors.
Conclusions: It is likely that the overlap in binding of biochemically and functionally unrelated transcription factors arises from the high concentrations of these proteins in nuclei, which, coupled with their broad DNA binding specificities, directs them to regions of open chromatin. We suggest that most animal transcription factors will be found to show a similar broad overlapping pattern of binding in vivo, with specificity achieved by modulating the amount, rather than the identity, of bound factor.
C1 [MacArthur, Stewart; Li, Xiao-Yong; Chu, Hou Cheng; Zeng, Lucy; Grondona, Brandi P.; Hechmer, Aaron; Simirenko, Lisa; Keraenen, Soile V. E.; Stapleton, Mark; Biggin, Mark D.; Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Li, Xiao-Yong; Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Li, Jingyi; Brown, James B.; Bickel, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Knowles, David W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Biggin, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Cyclotron Rd MS 84-181, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM MDBiggin@lbl.gov; MBEisen@lbl.gov
RI Li, Jingyi Jessica/K-2037-2012; Brown, James/H-2971-2015;
OI Li, Jingyi Jessica/0000-0002-9288-5648; Eisen,
Michael/0000-0002-7528-738X
FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM704403, HG002779]; Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work is part of a broader collaboration by the BDTNP. We are
grateful for the frequent advice, support, criticisms, and enthusiasm of
its members. We thank Laurel Raftery, Eric Wieschaus, and Robert Tjian
for their generous gifts of antisera. The in vivo binding data and
computational analyses were funded by the US National Institutes of
Health (NIH) under grants GM704403 (to MDB and MBE). Additional
computational and evolutionary analyses were funded by NIH grant
HG002779 (to MBE). Work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was
conducted under Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 106
TC 195
Z9 198
U1 2
U2 14
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 7
AR R80
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-7-r80
PG 26
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 487WV
UT WOS:000269309600015
PM 19627575
ER
PT J
AU Silby, MW
Cerdeno-Tarraga, AM
Vernikos, GS
Giddens, SR
Jackson, RW
Preston, GM
Zhang, XX
Moon, CD
Gehrig, SM
Godfrey, SAC
Knight, CG
Malone, JG
Robinson, Z
Spiers, AJ
Harris, S
Challis, GL
Yaxley, AM
Harris, D
Seeger, K
Murphy, L
Rutter, S
Squares, R
Quail, MA
Saunders, E
Mavromatis, K
Brettin, TS
Bentley, SD
Hothersall, J
Stephens, E
Thomas, CM
Parkhill, J
Levy, SB
Rainey, PB
Thomson, NR
AF Silby, Mark W.
Cerdeno-Tarraga, Ana M.
Vernikos, Georgios S.
Giddens, Stephen R.
Jackson, Robert W.
Preston, Gail M.
Zhang, Xue-Xian
Moon, Christina D.
Gehrig, Stefanie M.
Godfrey, Scott A. C.
Knight, Christopher G.
Malone, Jacob G.
Robinson, Zena
Spiers, Andrew J.
Harris, Simon
Challis, Gregory L.
Yaxley, Alice M.
Harris, David
Seeger, Kathy
Murphy, Lee
Rutter, Simon
Squares, Rob
Quail, Michael A.
Saunders, Elizabeth
Mavromatis, Konstantinos
Brettin, Thomas S.
Bentley, Stephen D.
Hothersall, Joanne
Stephens, Elton
Thomas, Christopher M.
Parkhill, Julian
Levy, Stuart B.
Rainey, Paul B.
Thomson, Nicholas R.
TI Genomic and genetic analyses of diversity and plant interactions of
Pseudomonas fluorescens
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; VIVO EXPRESSION TECHNOLOGY; SUGAR-BEET;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EXPERIMENTAL POPULATIONS; OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN;
ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE; BACTERIAL GENOMES; IN-VITRO; SBW25
AB Background: Pseudomonas fluorescens are common soil bacteria that can improve plant health through nutrient cycling, pathogen antagonism and induction of plant defenses. The genome sequences of strains SBW25 and Pf0-1 were determined and compared to each other and with P. fluorescens Pf-5. A functional genomic in vivo expression technology (IVET) screen provided insight into genes used by P. fluorescens in its natural environment and an improved understanding of the ecological significance of diversity within this species.
Results: Comparisons of three P. fluorescens genomes (SBW25, Pf0-1, Pf-5) revealed considerable divergence: 61% of genes are shared, the majority located near the replication origin. Phylogenetic and average amino acid identity analyses showed a low overall relationship. A functional screen of SBW25 defined 125 plant-induced genes including a range of functions specific to the plant environment. Orthologues of 83 of these exist in Pf0-1 and Pf-5, with 73 shared by both strains. The P. fluorescens genomes carry numerous complex repetitive DNA sequences, some resembling Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs). In SBW25, repeat density and distribution revealed 'repeat deserts' lacking repeats, covering approximately 40% of the genome.
Conclusions: P. fluorescens genomes are highly diverse. Strain-specific regions around the replication terminus suggest genome compartmentalization. The genomic heterogeneity among the three strains is reminiscent of a species complex rather than a single species. That 42% of plant-inducible genes were not shared by all strains reinforces this conclusion and shows that ecological success requires specialized and core functions. The diversity also indicates the significant size of genetic information within the Pseudomonas pan genome.
C1 [Cerdeno-Tarraga, Ana M.; Vernikos, Georgios S.; Harris, Simon; Harris, David; Seeger, Kathy; Murphy, Lee; Rutter, Simon; Squares, Rob; Quail, Michael A.; Bentley, Stephen D.; Parkhill, Julian; Thomson, Nicholas R.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England.
[Silby, Mark W.; Levy, Stuart B.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Adaptat Genet & Drug Resistance, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Silby, Mark W.; Levy, Stuart B.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Giddens, Stephen R.; Jackson, Robert W.; Preston, Gail M.; Moon, Christina D.; Gehrig, Stefanie M.; Godfrey, Scott A. C.; Knight, Christopher G.; Malone, Jacob G.; Robinson, Zena; Spiers, Andrew J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England.
[Jackson, Robert W.] Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Reading RG6 6AJ, Berks, England.
[Zhang, Xue-Xian; Rainey, Paul B.] Massey Univ, N Shore Mail Ctr, New Zealand Inst Adv Study, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Challis, Gregory L.] Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Yaxley, Alice M.] Univ Warwick, Dept Biol Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Saunders, Elizabeth; Brettin, Thomas S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, DOE Joint Genome Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mavromatis, Konstantinos] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energys, Genome Biol Program, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Hothersall, Joanne; Stephens, Elton; Thomas, Christopher M.] Univ Birmingham, Dept Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Rainey, Paul B.] Massey Univ Auckland, Allan Wilson Ctr Mol Ecol & Evolut, N Shore Mail Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Thomson, NR (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England.
EM nrt@sanger.ac.uk
RI Rainey, Paul/A-3207-2008; Jackson, Robert/C-2973-2009; Preston,
Gail/C-3072-2009; Parkhill, Julian/G-4703-2011; Malone,
Jacob/G-8319-2011; Harris, Simon/K-1318-2013; Spiers,
Andrew/I-3535-2012; Knight, Chris/B-2797-2009;
OI Jackson, Robert/0000-0002-2042-4105; Parkhill,
Julian/0000-0002-7069-5958; Harris, Simon/0000-0003-1512-6194; Spiers,
Andrew/0000-0003-0463-8629; Knight, Chris/0000-0001-9815-4267;
Cerdeno-Tarraga, Ana M./0000-0001-6635-3237; Murphy,
Lee/0000-0001-6467-7449; Preston, Gail/0000-0003-3882-4438; Challis,
Gregory/0000-0001-5976-3545; Moon, Christina/0000-0001-9692-9559
FU BBSRC [104/P16729, P15257]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science,
Biological and Environmental Research Program [DE-AC03-76SF00098];
University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[W-7405-Eng-48]; USDA [2006-35604-16673]; New Zealand Foundation for
Research Science and Technology
FX We thank the core sequencing and informatics teams at the Sanger
Institute for their assistance, The Wellcome Trust for its support of
the Sanger Institute Pathogen Genomics and Pathogen Informatics groups,
and Andrew Berry and Alex Bateman for their role in the repeat analysis.
The P. fluorescens SBW25 work was carried out at The Wellcome Trust
Sanger Institute supported by a BBSRC grant ( number 104/P16729) to PBR
and CMT. Pf0-1 genome sequencing was performed under the auspices of the
US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental Research Program and by the University of California,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract number
W-7405-Eng-48, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract
number DE-AC03-76SF00098 and Los Alamos National Laboratory under
contract number W-7405-ENG-36. The P. fluorescens Pf0-1 work was
supported by USDA grant 2006-35604-16673 to SBL. MWS was supported in
part by a postdoctoral fellowship from the New Zealand Foundation for
Research Science and Technology. JH and ES were supported by BBSRC grant
P15257 for studies on mupirocin biosynthesis in P. fluorescens
NCIMB10586.
NR 75
TC 165
Z9 852
U1 5
U2 105
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 5
AR R51
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-5-r51
PG 16
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 465RJ
UT WOS:000267604200010
PM 19432983
ER
PT J
AU Skerker, JM
Lucks, JB
Arkin, AP
AF Skerker, Jeffrey M.
Lucks, Julius B.
Arkin, Adam P.
TI Evolution, ecology and the engineered organism: lessons for synthetic
biology
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-MOLECULES; DIRECTED
EVOLUTION; IN-VITRO; STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; PROTEIN FAMILIES;
RECOMBINANT-DNA; BACTERIA; GENOME
AB As the scope and complexity of synthetic biology grows, an understanding of evolution and ecology will be critical to its success.
C1 [Skerker, Jeffrey M.; Lucks, Julius B.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Skerker, Jeffrey M.; Lucks, Julius B.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Arkin, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aparkin@lbl.gov
RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Lucks, Julius/L-2801-2016
OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931;
NR 72
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 11
AR 114
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-11-114
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 540OT
UT WOS:000273344600002
PM 19941672
ER
PT J
AU Vastrik, I
D'Eustachio, P
Schmidt, E
Gopinath, G
Croft, D
de Bono, B
Gillespie, M
Jassal, B
Lewis, S
Matthews, L
Wu, G
Birney, E
Stein, L
AF Vastrik, Imre
D'Eustachio, Peter
Schmidt, Esther
Gopinath, Gopal
Croft, David
de Bono, Bernard
Gillespie, Marc
Jassal, Bijay
Lewis, Suzanna
Matthews, Lisa
Wu, Guanming
Birney, Ewan
Stein, Lincoln
TI Reactome: a knowledge base of biologic pathways and processes (vol 8, pg
39, 2007)
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Vastrik, Imre; Schmidt, Esther; Croft, David; de Bono, Bernard; Jassal, Bijay; Birney, Ewan] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
[D'Eustachio, Peter] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Gillespie, Marc] St Johns Univ, Coll Pharm & Allied Hlth Profess, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA.
[Lewis, Suzanna] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[D'Eustachio, Peter; Gopinath, Gopal; Gillespie, Marc; Matthews, Lisa; Wu, Guanming; Stein, Lincoln] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
RP Stein, L (reprint author), Ontario Inst Can Res, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada.
EM lincoln.stein@gmail.com
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
AR 402
DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-402
PG 1
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 449QR
UT WOS:000266345600009
ER
PT J
AU Donaher, N
Tanifuji, G
Onodera, NT
Malfatti, SA
Chain, PSG
Hara, Y
Archibald, JM
AF Donaher, Natalie
Tanifuji, Goro
Onodera, Naoko T.
Malfatti, Stephanie A.
Chain, Patrick S. G.
Hara, Yoshiaki
Archibald, John M.
TI The Complete Plastid Genome Sequence of the Secondarily
Nonphotosynthetic Alga Cryptomonas paramecium: Reduction, Compaction,
and Accelerated Evolutionary Rate
SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE cryptomonads; plastids; genome reduction; photosynthesis; secondary
endosymbiosis
ID COMPLETE GENE MAP; NUCLEOMORPH GENOME; RIBOSOMAL-RNA;
PROTOTHECA-WICKERHAMII; UNICELLULAR EUKARYOTES; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME;
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CHLOROPLAST GENOMES; CRYPTOPHYTE ALGA;
DNA-SEQUENCES
AB The cryptomonads are a group of unicellular algae that acquired photosynthesis through the engulfment of a red algal cell, a process called secondary endosymbiosis. Here, we present the complete plastid genome sequence of the secondarily nonphotosynthetic species Cryptomonas paramecium CCAP977/2a. The similar to 78 kilobase pair (Kbp) C. paramecium genome contains 82 predicted protein genes, 29 transfer RNA genes, and a single pseudogene (atpF). The C. paramecium plastid genome is approximately 50 Kbp smaller than those of the photosynthetic cryptomonads Guillardia theta and Rhodomonas salina; 71 genes present in the G. theta and/or R. salina plastid genomes are missing in C. paramecium. The pet, psa, and psb photosynthetic gene families are almost entirely absent. Interestingly, the ribosomal RNA operon, present as inverted repeats in most plastid genomes (including G. theta and R. salina), exists as a single copy in C. paramecium. The G + C content (38%) is higher in C. paramecium than in other cryptomonad plastid genomes, and C. paramecium plastid genes are characterized by significantly different codon usage patterns and increased evolutionary rates. The content and structure of the C. paramecium plastid genome provides insight into the changes associated with recent loss of photosynthesis in a predominantly photosynthetic group of algae and reveals features shared with the plastid genomes of other secondarily nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes.
C1 [Donaher, Natalie; Tanifuji, Goro; Onodera, Naoko T.; Archibald, John M.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Integrated Microbial Biodivers Program, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Chain, Patrick S. G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA.
[Hara, Yoshiaki] Yamagata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Yamagata 990, Japan.
[Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Chain, Patrick S. G.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
RP Donaher, N (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Integrated Microbial Biodivers Program, Halifax, NS, Canada.
EM john.archibald@dal.ca
RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; Tanifuji, Goro/O-9172-2015
FU Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Integrated Microbial
Biodiversity Program; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR);
Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation [ROP85016]
FX We thank H. Khan for providing alignments of plastid proteins, R.
Eveleigh and A. Roger for assistance with phylogenetic analysis, and M.
Schnare for help with rRNA gene prediction. K. Hoef-Emden is also
thanked for discussion of codon usage patterns in cryptomonad plastid
genomes. J. M. A. acknowledges support from the Canadian Institute for
Advanced Research, Integrated Microbial Biodiversity Program, as well as
a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) New Investigator award.
This work was supported by an operating grant from the CIHR Regional
Partnership Program, together with the Nova Scotia Health Research
Foundation (ROP85016).
NR 56
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1759-6653
J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL
JI Genome Biol. Evol.
PY 2009
VL 1
BP 439
EP 448
DI 10.1093/gbe/evp047
PG 10
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 565DK
UT WOS:000275269200043
PM 20333213
ER
PT J
AU Croal, LR
Jiao, Y
Kappler, A
Newman, DK
AF Croal, L. R.
Jiao, Y.
Kappler, A.
Newman, D. K.
TI Phototrophic Fe(II) oxidation in an atmosphere of H-2: implications for
Archean banded iron formations
SO GEOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BILLION YEARS AGO; EARLY EARTH; BACTERIA; OCEAN; GEOCHEMISTRY;
EVOLUTION; OPERON; TIE-1
AB The effect of hydrogen on the rate of phototrophic Fe(II) oxidation by two species of purple bacteria was measured at two different bicarbonate concentrations. Hydrogen slowed Fe(II) oxidation to varying degrees depending on the bicarbonate concentration, but even the slowest rate of Fe(II) oxidation remained on the same order of magnitude as that estimated to have been necessary to deposit the Hamersley banded iron formations. Given the hydrogen and bicarbonate concentrations inferred for the Archean, our data suggest that Fe(II) phototrophy could have been a viable process at this time.
C1 [Croal, L. R.; Newman, D. K.] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Newman, D. K.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Newman, D. K.] MIT, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Jiao, Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biosci Div, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kappler, A.] Univ Tubingen, Ctr Appl Geosci, Tubingen, Germany.
RP Newman, DK (reprint author), MIT, Dept Biol, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM dkn@mit.edu
RI Kappler, Andreas/G-7221-2016
FU Packard Foundation; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NSF
FX We thank the reviewers for constructive comments and the members of the
Newman laboratory for helpful discussion. This work was supported by
grants from the Packard Foundation and Howard Hughes Medical Institute
to D.K.N. and an NSF graduate fellowship to L.R.C.
NR 28
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1472-4677
J9 GEOBIOLOGY
JI Geobiology
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 1
BP 21
EP 24
DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00185.x
PG 4
WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Geology
GA 404EN
UT WOS:000263133700003
PM 19200143
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Pfiffner, SM
Dyar, MD
Vali, H
Konhauser, KO
Cole, DR
Rondinone, AJ
Phelps, TJ
AF Li, Y. -L.
Pfiffner, S. M.
Dyar, M. D.
Vali, H.
Konhauser, K. O.
Cole, D. R.
Rondinone, A. J.
Phelps, T. J.
TI Degeneration of biogenic superparamagnetic magnetite
SO GEOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-DOMAIN MAGNETITE; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; BACTERIAL MAGNETITE;
MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; IRON BIOMINERALIZATION; REDUCING BACTERIUM;
PELAGIC SEDIMENTS; METAL REDUCTION; LAKE-SEDIMENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE
AB Magnetite crystals precipitated as a consequence of Fe(III) reduction by Shewanella algae BrY after 265 h incubation and 5-year anaerobic storage were investigated with transmission electron microscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The magnetite crystals were typically superparamagnetic with an approximate size of 13 nm. The lattice constants of the 265 h and 5-year crystals are 8.4164 angstrom and 8.3774 angstrom, respectively. The Mossbauer spectra indicated that the 265 h magnetite had excess Fe(II) in its crystal-chemistry (Fe(1.990)(3+)Fe(1.015)(2+)O(4)) but the 5-year magnetite was Fe(II)-deficient in stoichiometry (Fe(2.388)(3+)Fe(0.419)(2+)O(4)). Such crystal-chemical changes may be indicative of the degeneration of superparamagnetic magnetite through the aqueous oxidization of Fe(II) anaerobically, and the concomitant oxidation of the organic phases (fatty acid methyl esters) that were present during the initial formation of the magnetite. The observation of a corona structure on the aged magnetite corroborates the anaerobic oxidation of Fe(II) on the outer layers of magnetite crystals. These results suggest that there may be a possible link between the enzymatic activity of the bacteria and the stability of Fe(II)-excess magnetite, which may help explain why stable nano-magnetite grains are seldom preserved in natural environments.
C1 [Li, Y. -L.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Y. -L.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Pfiffner, S. M.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA.
[Dyar, M. D.] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Astron, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
[Vali, H.] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada.
[Konhauser, K. O.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Cole, D. R.; Rondinone, A. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Phelps, T. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Li, YL (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM yiliang@hku.hk
RI Li, Yiliang/E-9916-2010; phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011; Vali,
Hojatollah/F-3511-2012; Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013;
OI Vali, Hojatollah/0000-0003-3464-9943; Rondinone,
Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; Konhauser, Kurt/0000-0001-7722-7068
FU NASA Astrobiology Institute; NASA [NNG04GG12G]; Institute for Rock
Magnetism; Keck Foundation; NSF; University of Minnesota; Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Energy Biosciences of the Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was supported by NASA Astrobiology Institute grant to the
Indiana-Princeton-Tennessee Astrobiology Initiative led by L.M. Pratt.
Mossbauer spectroscopy at Mount Holyoke College was supported by NASA
grant NNG04GG12G. Mossbauer spectroscopy at University of Minnesota was
supported by the Institute for Rock Magnetism which is founded by the
Keck Foundation, NSF, and the University of Minnesota. DRC was funded by
the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Energy Biosciences of
the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and
operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. The manuscript was improved by the
insightful comments from Dr Robert Kopp and an anonymous reviewer, and
subject editor Lee Kump.
NR 66
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1472-4677
J9 GEOBIOLOGY
JI Geobiology
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 1
BP 25
EP 34
DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00186.x
PG 10
WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Geology
GA 404EN
UT WOS:000263133700004
PM 19200144
ER
PT B
AU Shekhar, S
Vatsavai, RR
Chawla, S
AF Shekhar, Shashi
Vatsavai, Ranga Raju
Chawla, Sanjay
BE Miller, HJ
Han, J
TI Spatial Classification and Prediction Models for Geospatial Data Mining
SO GEOGRAPHIC DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY, SECOND EDITION
SE Chapman & Hall-CRC Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MARKOV RANDOM-FIELDS; CONTEXTUAL CLASSIFICATION; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS;
IMAGES; EM
C1 [Shekhar, Shashi] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Vatsavai, Ranga Raju] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Chawla, Sanjay] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Shekhar, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-7397-3
J9 CH CRC DATA MIN KNOW
PY 2009
BP 117
EP +
D2 10.1201/9781420073980
PG 32
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Geography, Physical
SC Computer Science; Physical Geography
GA BKC22
UT WOS:000267735500006
ER
PT J
AU Beazley, MJ
Martinez, RJ
Sobecky, PA
Webb, SM
Taillefert, M
AF Beazley, Melanie J.
Martinez, Robert J.
Sobecky, Patricia A.
Webb, Samuel M.
Taillefert, Martial
TI Nonreductive Biomineralization of Uranium(VI) Phosphate Via Microbial
Phosphatase Activity in Anaerobic Conditions
SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE biomineralization; bioremediation; microbial phosphatase; uranium (VI)
ID CONTAMINATED SUBSURFACE SOILS; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY;
METAL-REDUCING BACTERIUM; IN-SITU BIOREDUCTION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING;
SHEWANELLA-PUTREFACIENS; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; U(IV) OXIDATION; REDUCTION;
NITRATE
AB The remediation of uranium from soils and groundwater at Department of Energy (DOE) sites across the United States represents a major environmental issue, and bioremediation has exhibited great potential as a strategy to immobilize U in the subsurface. The bioreduction of U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) uraninite has been proposed to be an effective bioremediation process in anaerobic conditions. However, high concentrations of nitrate and low pH found in some contaminated areas have been shown to limit the efficiency of microbial reduction of uranium. In the present study, nonreductive uranium biomineralization promoted by microbial phosphatase activity was investigated in anaerobic conditions in the presence of high nitrate and low pH as an alternative approach to the bioreduction of U(VI). A facultative anaerobe, Rahnella sp. Y9602, isolated from soils at DOE's Oak Ridge Field Research Center (ORFRC), was able to respire anaerobically on nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor in the presence of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) as the sole carbon and phosphorus source and hydrolyzed sufficient phosphate to precipitate 95% total uranium after 120 hours in synthetic groundwater at pH 5.5. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy identified the mineral formed as chernikovite, a U(VI) autunite-type mineral. The results of this study suggest that in contaminated subsurfaces, such as at the ORFRC, where high concentrations of nitrate and low pH may limit uranium bioreduction, the biomineralization of U(VI) phosphate minerals may be a more attractive approach for in situ remediation providing that a source of organophosphate is supplied for bioremediation.
C1 [Beazley, Melanie J.; Taillefert, Martial] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Martinez, Robert J.; Sobecky, Patricia A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Webb, Samuel M.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Taillefert, M (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, 311 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM mtaillef@eas.gatech.edu
RI Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009;
OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464; Beazley, Melanie/0000-0001-9973-7798
FU Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63906];
Department of Energy; Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
National Institutes of Health; National Center for Research Resources
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U. S.
Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER63906. Portions of this
research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Lightsource, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on
behalf of the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by
the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for
Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program. We thank Hong Yi at
the Emory School of Medicine Electron Microscopy Core for transmission
electron microscopy sample preparation and imaging and Dr. Joan S.
Hudson at the Clemson University ElectronMicroscope Facility for
variable-pressure scanning electron microscopy imaging, transmission
electron microscopy imaging, and EDX analyses. We also thank the two
anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments to improve the
manuscript.
NR 72
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 31
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0451
EI 1521-0529
J9 GEOMICROBIOL J
JI Geomicrobiol. J.
PY 2009
VL 26
IS 7
BP 431
EP 441
AR PII 915036896
DI 10.1080/01490450903060780
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 495FR
UT WOS:000269876500001
ER
PT J
AU Eisner, L
Fischer, T
Rutledge, JT
AF Eisner, Leo
Fischer, Tomas
Rutledge, James T.
TI Determination of S-wave slowness from a linear array of borehole
receivers
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Downhole methods; Controlled source seismology; Body waves; Wave
propagation
ID MICROEARTHQUAKES; FIELD
AB Locations of seismic events from a linear array of receivers may require determination of slowness vectors of arriving waves. In an isotropic medium, P waves are polarized along the slowness vector, which enables direct determination of backazimuth (i.e. azimuth to a source from a receiver) from P-wave polarization. In contrast, S waves usually have much larger signal-to-noise ratio than P waves, but are polarized in a plane perpendicular to their slowness vectors, which prevents direct determination of their backazimuth. We have developed a novel technique to determine the slowness vector of S waves detected in a linear array of receivers in an isotropic medium. We combine the S-wave polarization measurement with the derivative of the S-wave travel times along the array to obtain the full slowness vector and backazimuth. The proposed method allows one to determine direction to sources of seismic events from a single linear array of receivers, using only S waves. This technique is not affected by SV waves, which is shown by a test on a synthetic data set. We also test the method on two real microseismic data sets from hydraulic fracturing treatments and show that it outperforms the backazimuth determination from P waves and from horizontal polarization of S waves.
C1 [Eisner, Leo] Schlumberger Cambridge Res Ltd, Cambridge CB3 0HG, England.
[Fischer, Tomas] Acad Sci, Inst Geophys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Fischer, Tomas] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Rutledge, James T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Eisner, L (reprint author), Microseismic Inc, Houston, TX USA.
EM leisner@microseismic.com
RI Eisner, Leo/G-6456-2014; Fischer, Tomas/H-6411-2014
OI Fischer, Tomas/0000-0002-5169-2567
FU European Union [MTKI-CT-2004-517242]
FX We would like to thank our colleagues, who were involved in the IMAGES
Transfer of Knowledge project, for many fruitful discussions leading to
design of thismethod. Our gratitude goes to Stefan Buske, Joel le
Calvez, Vaclav Vavrycuk, Ludek Klimes, Serge Shapiro and Dan Raymer. We
thank Dominion Exploration Company for releasing the data set used in
this study. We would also like to thank the European Union for funding
the IMAGES Transfer of Knowledge project (MTKI-CT-2004-517242).
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0956-540X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 176
IS 1
BP 31
EP 39
DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.03939.x
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 386KZ
UT WOS:000261883400004
ER
PT J
AU Chen, J
Dickens, TA
AF Chen, Jinsong
Dickens, Thomas A.
TI Effects of uncertainty in rock-physics models on reservoir parameter
estimation using seismic amplitude variation with angle and
controlled-source electromagnetics data
SO GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING
LA English
DT Article
ID CSEM DATA; MARKOV-CHAINS; INVERSION; AVA; POROSITY; VELOCITY; GAMMA; LOG
AB This paper investigates the effects of uncertainty in rock-physics models on reservoir parameter estimation using seismic amplitude variation with angle and controlled-source electromagnetics data. The reservoir parameters are related to electrical resistivity by the Poupon model and to elastic moduli and density by the Xu-White model. To handle uncertainty in the rock-physics models, we consider their outputs to be random functions with modes or means given by the predictions of those rock-physics models and we consider the parameters of the rock-physics models to be random variables defined by specified probability distributions. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling methods, we are able to obtain estimates of reservoir parameters and information on the uncertainty in the estimation. The developed method is applied to a synthetic case study based on a layered reservoir model and the results show that uncertainty in both rock-physics models and in their parameters may have significant effects on reservoir parameter estimation. When the biases in rock-physics models and in their associated parameters are unknown, conventional joint inversion approaches, which consider rock-physics models as deterministic functions and the model parameters as fixed values, may produce misleading results. The developed stochastic method in this study provides an integrated approach for quantifying how uncertainty and biases in rock-physics models and in their associated parameters affect the estimates of reservoir parameters and therefore is a more robust method for reservoir parameter estimation.
C1 [Chen, Jinsong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Geophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dickens, Thomas A.] ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co, Houston, TX 77252 USA.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Geophys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jchen@lbl.gov
RI Chen, Jinsong/A-1374-2009
FU ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company
FX This work was funded by ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company. We thank
Shiyu Xu for providing his rock-physics model codes and for advice on
selecting parameters for our synthetic models.
NR 23
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0016-8025
J9 GEOPHYS PROSPECT
JI Geophys. Prospect.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 1
BP 61
EP 74
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2478.2008.00721.x
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 380DY
UT WOS:000261447600005
ER
PT J
AU Gasperikova, E
Smith, JT
Morrison, HF
Becker, A
Kappler, K
AF Gasperikova, Erika
Smith, J. Torquil
Morrison, H. Frank
Becker, Alex
Kappler, Karl
TI UXO detection and identification based on intrinsic target
polarizabilities - A case history
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUIVALENT DIPOLE POLARIZABILITIES
AB Electromagnetic induction data parameterized in time-dependent object intrinsic polarizabilities can discriminate unexploded ordnance (UXO) from false targets (scrap metal). Data from a cart-mounted system designed to discriminate UXO of 20-155 mm in diameter are used. Discriminating UXO from irregular scrap metal is based on the principal dipole polarizabilities of a target. Nearly intact UXO displays a single major polarizability coincident with the long axis of the object and two equal, smaller transverse polarizabilities, whereas metal scraps have distinct polarizability signatures that rarely mimic those of elongated symmetric bodies. Based on a training data set of known targets, objects were identified by estimating the probability that an object is a single UXO. Our test survey took place on a military base where 4.2-inch mortar shells and scrap metal were present. We detected and correctly discriminated all 4.2-inch mortars, and in that process we added 7% and 17%, respectively, of dry holes (digging scrap) to the total number of excavations in two different survey modes. We also demonstrated a mode of operation that might be more cost effective than current practice.
C1 [Gasperikova, Erika; Smith, J. Torquil; Morrison, H. Frank; Becker, Alex; Kappler, Karl] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gasperikova, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM egasperikova@lbl.gov; jtsmith@lbl.gov; hfmorrison@lbl.gov;
alexb@socrates.berkeley.edu; kkappler@lbl.gov
RI Gasperikova, Erika/D-1117-2015
OI Gasperikova, Erika/0000-0003-1553-4569
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 74
IS 1
BP B1
EP B8
DI 10.1190/1.2997419
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 423UT
UT WOS:000264521900003
ER
PT J
AU Koller, J
Reeves, GD
Friedel, RHW
AF Koller, J.
Reeves, G. D.
Friedel, R. H. W.
TI LANL*V1.0: a radiation belt drift shell model suitable for real-time and
reanalysis applications
SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID DAWN-DUSK ASYMMETRY; NEURAL NETWORKS; MAGNETOSPHERE
AB We describe here a new method for calculating the magnetic drift invariant, L*, that is used for modeling radiation belt dynamics and for other space weather applications. L* (pronounced L-star) is directly proportional to the integral of the magnetic flux contained within the surface defined by a charged particle moving in the Earth's geomagnetic field. Under adiabatic changes to the geomagnetic field L* is a conserved quantity, while under quasi-adiabatic fluctuations diffusion (with respect to a particle's L*) is the primary term in equations of particle dynamics. In particular the equations of motion for the very energetic particles that populate the Earth's radiation belts are most commonly expressed by diffusion in three dimensions: L*, energy (or momentum), and pitch angle (the dot product of velocity and the magnetic field vector). Expressing dynamics in these coordinates reduces the dimensionality of the problem by referencing the particle distribution functions to values at the magnetic equatorial point of a magnetic 'drift shell' (or L-shell) irrespective of local time (or longitude). While the use of L* aids in simplifying the equations of motion, practical applications such as space weather forecasting using realistic geomagnetic fields require sophisticated magnetic field models that, in turn, require computationally intensive numerical integration. Typically a single L* calculation can require on the order of 10(5) calls to a magnetic field model and each point in the simulation domain and each calculated pitch angle has a different value of L*. We describe here the development and validation of a neural network surrogate model for calculating L* in sophisticated geomagnetic field models with a high degree of fidelity at computational speeds that are millions of times faster than direct numerical field line mapping and integration. This new surrogate model has applications to real-time radiation belt forecasting, analysis of data sets involving tens of satellite-years of observations, and other problems in space weather.
C1 [Koller, J.; Reeves, G. D.; Friedel, R. H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Koller, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR-1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jkoller@lanl.gov
RI Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012; Koller, Josef/C-5591-2009; Reeves,
Geoffrey/E-8101-2011
OI Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281; Koller, Josef/0000-0002-6770-4980;
Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; National Science Foundation [0718710]
FX This work has been supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory's LDRD
Directed Research Program (DREAM) and the National Science Foundation
(grant 0718710).
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1991-959X
EI 1991-9603
J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV
JI Geosci. Model Dev.
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 113
EP 122
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA V15EG
UT WOS:000207784700004
ER
PT S
AU Bhaduri, B
Shankar, M
Sorokine, A
Ganguly, A
AF Bhaduri, Budhendra
Shankar, Mallikarjun
Sorokine, Alexandre
Ganguly, Auroop
BE DeAmicis, R
Stojanovic, R
Conti, G
TI SPATIO-TEMPORAL VISUALIZATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT
SO GEOSPATIAL VISUAL ANALYTICS
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Geographical Information Processing
and Visual Analytics for Enviroonmental Security
CY OCT 13-17, 2008
CL Trento, ITALY
SP NATO
DE Spatio-Temporal Data; Visualization; GIS; Environment; Decision Support
AB Traditional Visualization of Earth surface features has been addressed through Visual exploration, analysis, synthesis, and presentation of observable geospatial data. However, characterizing the changes in their observable and unobservable properties of geospatial features is critical for planning and policy formulation. Recent approaches are addressing modelling and Visualization of the temporal dynamics that describe observed and/or predicted physical and socioeconomic processes using vast volumes of Earth Observation (imagery and other geophysical) data from remote sensor networks. This chapter provides an overview of selected geospatial modelling and simulation, exploratory analysis of Earth Observation data, and high performance Visualization research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for developing novel data driven approaches for geospatial knowledge discovery and visualization relevant to environmental decision support.
C1 [Bhaduri, Budhendra; Shankar, Mallikarjun; Sorokine, Alexandre; Ganguly, Auroop] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bhaduri, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6017, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM bhadurib1@ornl.gov
RI Sorokine, Alexandre/G-5746-2013; Shankar, Mallikarjun/N-4400-2015
OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-90-481-2897-6
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2009
BP 331
EP 341
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2899-0_26
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental
Sciences; Remote Sensing
SC Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing
GA BLL41
UT WOS:000270446500026
ER
PT J
AU Franklin, O
McMurtrie, RE
Iversen, CM
Crous, KY
Finzi, AC
Tissue, DT
Ellsworth, DS
Oren, R
Norby, RJ
AF Franklin, Oskar
McMurtrie, Ross E.
Iversen, Colleen M.
Crous, Kristine Y.
Finzi, Adrien C.
Tissue, David T.
Ellsworth, David S.
Oren, Ram
Norby, Richard J.
TI Forest fine-root production and nitrogen use under elevated CO2:
contrasting responses in evergreen and deciduous trees explained by a
common principle
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE allocation; elevated carbon dioxide; FACE experiments; fine-root
longevity; forest growth model; optimization; plant theory; soil N
availability; soil N uptake
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; WARM-TEMPERATE FOREST; LONG-TERM RESPONSE;
USE EFFICIENCY; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SWEETGUM PLANTATION; ENRICHMENT
FACE; PINUS-TAEDA; CANOPY; LIMITATION
AB Despite the importance of nitrogen (N) limitation of forest carbon (C) sequestration at rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. To elucidate the interactive effects of elevated CO2 (eCO(2)) and soil N availability on forest productivity and C allocation, we hypothesized that (1) trees maximize fitness by allocating N and C to maximize their net growth and (2) that N uptake is controlled by soil N availability and root exploration for soil N. We tested this model using data collected in Free-Air CO2 Enrichment sites dominated by evergreen (Pinus taeda; Duke Forest) and deciduous [Liquidambar styraciflua; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)] trees. The model explained 80-95% of variation in productivity and N-uptake data among eCO(2), N fertilization and control treatments over 6 years. The model explains why fine-root production increased, and why N uptake increased despite reduced soil N availability under eCO(2) at ORNL and Duke. In agreement with observations at other sites, the model predicts that soil N availability reduced below a critical level diminishes all eCO(2) responses. At Duke, a negative feedback between reduced soil N availability and N uptake prevented progressive reduction in soil N availability at eCO(2). At ORNL, soil N availability progressively decreased because it did not trigger reductions in N uptake; N uptake was maintained at ORNL through a large increase in the production of fast turnover fine roots. This implies that species with fast root turnover could be more prone to progressive N limitation of carbon sequestration in woody biomass than species with slow root turnover, such as evergreens. However, longer term data are necessary for a thorough evaluation of this hypothesis. The success of the model suggests that the principle of maximization of net growth to control growth and allocation could serve as a basis for simplification and generalization of larger scale forest and ecosystem models, for example by removing the need to specify parameters for relative foliage/stem/root allocation.
C1 [Franklin, Oskar] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
[Franklin, Oskar; McMurtrie, Ross E.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Iversen, Colleen M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Iversen, Colleen M.; Norby, Richard J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Crous, Kristine Y.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Finzi, Adrien C.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Tissue, David T.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Tissue, David T.; Ellsworth, David S.] Univ Western Sydney, Ctr Plant & Food Sci, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia.
[Oren, Ram] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Franklin, O (reprint author), Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
EM franklin@iiasa.ac.at
RI Tissue, David/H-6596-2015; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; Iversen,
Colleen/B-8983-2012; Finzi, Adrien/A-7017-2016;
OI Tissue, David/0000-0002-8497-2047; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828;
Finzi, Adrien/0000-0003-2220-4533; Crous, Kristine/0000-0001-9478-7593;
Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272
FU Australian Research Council; Australian Greenhouse Office; US Department
of Energy Office of Science; Biological and Environmental Research
Program; TERACC (NSF) [0090238]
FX Franklin and McMurtrie acknowledge grant support from the Australian
Research Council and the Australian Greenhouse Office. The Duke and Oak
Ridge FACE experiments were supported by the US Department of Energy
Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. We are
grateful for the support provided by TERACC (NSF Grant no. 0090238).
NR 61
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 5
U2 71
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 1
BP 132
EP 144
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01710.x
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 393CD
UT WOS:000262347600010
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction
Executive Summary
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 1
EP 3
PG 3
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200002
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction
Overview
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 5
EP 16
PG 12
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200003
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction
Preface
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP VII
EP VIII
PG 2
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200001
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction
Introduction
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 17
EP 20
PG 4
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200004
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI The Evolution of Cooperative Threat Reduction
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 21
EP 37
PG 17
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200005
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI Cooperative Threat Reduction in the 21st Century: Objectives,
Opportunities, and Lessons
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 39
EP 67
PG 29
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200006
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI The Form and Function of Cooperative Threat Reduction 2.0: Engaging
Partners to Enhance Global Security
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 69
EP 97
PG 29
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200007
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI The Role of the Department of Defense in Cooperative Threat Reduction
2.0
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 99
EP 115
PG 17
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200008
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, RF
Franz, DR
AF Lehman, Ronald F.
Franz, David R.
GP Natl Acad Sci
TI Cooperative Threat Reduction 2.0: Implementation Checklist
SO GLOBAL SECURITY ENGAGEMENT: A NEW MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lehman, Ronald F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Franz, David R.] Midwest Res Inst, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Lehman, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-13106-3
PY 2009
BP 117
EP 121
PG 5
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BC4ID
UT WOS:000352541200009
ER
PT S
AU Liu, Q
Frangieh, T
Xu, F
Xie, C
Ghani, N
Gumaste, A
Lehman, T
Guok, C
Klasky, S
AF Liu, Q.
Frangieh, T.
Xu, F.
Xie, C.
Ghani, N.
Gumaste, A.
Lehman, T.
Guok, Chin
Klasky, S.
BE Ulema, M
TI Distributed Grooming in Multi-Domain IP/MPLS-DWDM Networks
SO GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8
SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 09)
CY NOV 30-DEC 04, 2009
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Multi-domain grooming; multi-domain IP-DWDM; inter-domain routing
ID OPTICAL NETWORKS
AB This paper studies distributed multi-domain, multilayer provisioning (grooming) in IP/MPLS-DWDM networks. Although many multi-domain studies have emerged over the years, these have primarily considered "homogeneous" network layers. Meanwhile, most grooming studies have assumed idealized settings with "global" link state across all layers. Hence there is a critical need to develop practical distributed grooming schemes for real-world networks consisting of multiple domains and technology layers. Along these lines, a detailed hierarchical framework is proposed to implement inter-layer routing, distributed grooming, and setup signaling. The performance of this solution is analyzed using simulation studies and future directions high-lighted.
C1 [Liu, Q.; Klasky, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Liu, Q (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-529X
BN 978-1-4244-4147-1
J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF
PY 2009
BP 6384
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BQB54
UT WOS:000280579102234
ER
PT B
AU Gregg, MD
Drinkwater, MJ
Evstigneeva, K
Karick, A
AF Gregg, Michael D.
Drinkwater, Michael J.
Evstigneeva, Katya
Karick, Arna
BE Richtler, T
Larsen, S
TI The Stellar Population of Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies
SO GLOBULAR CLUSTERS - GUIDES TO GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Globular Clusters
CY MAR 06-10, 2006
CL Concepcion, CHILE
SP FONDAP Ctr Astrophys, European So Observ, Cerro tololo Inter Amer Observ, Univ Concepc, Fac Ciencias Fis & Math
ID VIRGO-CLUSTER
C1 [Gregg, Michael D.; Karick, Arna] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Gregg, Michael D.; Karick, Arna] LLNL, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Drinkwater, Michael J.; Evstigneeva, Katya] Univ Queensland, Dept Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Gregg, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM gregg@igpp.ucllnl.org; m.drinkwater@physics.uq.edu.au;
katya@physics.uq.edu.au; akarick@igpp.ucllnl.org
RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008
OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-76960-6
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2009
BP 69
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-76961-3_17
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIY16
UT WOS:000263678400017
ER
PT J
AU Phan, L
Brown, H
White, J
Hodgson, A
Jessop, PG
Peterson, T
AF Phan, Lam
Brown, Heather
White, James
Hodgson, Allan
Jessop, Philip G.
Peterson, Thomas
TI Soybean oil extraction and separation using switchable or expanded
solvents (vol 11, pg 53, 2009)
SO GREEN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Peterson, Thomas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9262
J9 GREEN CHEM
JI Green Chem.
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 12
BP 2061
EP 2061
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 527QS
UT WOS:000272382200023
ER
PT S
AU Braitsch, J
Gale, J
Herzog, H
AF Braitsch, Jay
Gale, John
Herzog, Howard
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Untitled
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
C1 [Braitsch, Jay] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Braitsch, J (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.002
PG 2
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400001
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, YQ
Oldenburg, CM
Finsterle, S
Jordan, P
Zhang, KN
AF Zhang, Yingqi
Oldenburg, Curtis M.
Finsterle, Stefan
Jordan, Preston
Zhang, Keni
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Probability Estimation of CO(2) Leakage Through Faults at Geologic
Carbon Sequestration Sites
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Leakage risk; Connectivity of faults and fractures; Probabilitly
estimation
AB Leakage of CO(2) and brine along faults at geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) sites is a primary concern for storage integrity. The focus of this study is on the estimation of the probability of leakage along faults or fractures. This leakage probability is controlled by the probability of a connected network of conduits existing at a given site, the probability of this network encountering the CO(2) plume, and the probability of this network intersecting environmental resources that may be impacted by leakage. This work is designed to fit into a risk assessment and certification framework that uses compartments to represent vulnerable resources such as potable groundwater, health and safety, and the near-surface environment. The method we propose includes using percolation theory to estimate the connectivity of the faults, and generating fuzzy rules from discrete fracture network simulations to estimate leakage probability. By this approach, the probability of CO(2) escaping into a compartment for a given system can be inferred from the fuzzy rules. The proposed method provides a quick way of estimating the probability of CO(2) or brine leaking into a compartment. In addition, it provides the uncertainty range of the estimated probability. (C) 2009 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Yingqi; Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Finsterle, Stefan; Jordan, Preston; Zhang, Keni] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, YQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM yqzhang@lbl.gov
RI Jordan, Preston/L-1587-2016; Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009
OI Jordan, Preston/0000-0001-5853-9517; Finsterle,
Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 41
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.008
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400007
ER
PT S
AU Oldenburg, CM
Nicot, JP
Bryant, SL
AF Oldenburg, Curtis M.
Nicot, Jean-Philippe
Bryant, Steven L.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Case studies of the application of the Certification Framework to two
geologic carbon sequestration sites
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Geologic carbon sequestration; Risk assessment; Leakage risk; Well
leakage; Case studies
ID STORAGE; SEEPAGE; CO2
AB We have developed a certification framework (CF) for certifying that the risks of geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) sites are below agreed-upon thresholds. The CF is based on effective trapping of CO(2), the proposed concept that takes into account both the probability and impact of CO(2) leakage. The CF uses probability estimates of the intersection of conductive faults and wells with the CO(2) plume along with modeled fluxes or concentrations of CO(2) as proxies for impacts to compartments (such as potable groundwater) to calculate CO(2) leakage risk. In order to test and refine the approach, we applied the CF to (1) a hypothetical large-scale GCS project in the Texas Gulf Coast, and (2) WESTCARB's Phase III GCS pilot in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California. (C) 2009 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oldenburg, Curtis M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Nicot, Jean-Philippe/A-3954-2009
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 63
EP 70
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.011
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400010
ER
PT S
AU Pan, LH
Oldenburg, CM
Wu, YS
Pruess, K
AF Pan, Lehua
Oldenburg, Curtis M.
Wu, Yu-Shu
Pruess, Karsten
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Wellbore flow model for carbon dioxide and brine
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Geologic carbon sequestration; Well leakage; Wellbore flow; Risk
assessment
ID STORAGE
AB Wellbores have been identified as the most likely conduit for CO(2) and brine leakage from geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) sites, especially those in sedimentary basins with historical hydrocarbon production. In order to quantify the impacts of leakage of CO(2) and brine through wellbores, we have developed a wellbore simulator capable of describing non-isothermal open-well flow dynamics of CO(2)-brine mixtures. The mass and thermal energy balance equations are solved numerically by a finite difference scheme with wellbore heat transmission handled semi-analytically. This new wellbore simulator can take as input the pressure, saturation, and composition conditions from reservoir simulators and calculate CO(2) and brine fluxes needed to assess impacts to vulnerable resources. This new capability is being incorporated into the Certification Framework (CF) developed for risk assessment of GCS sites. (C) 2009 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pan, Lehua; Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Pruess, Karsten] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pan, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Wu, Yu-Shu/A-5800-2011; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015
NR 9
TC 18
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 71
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.012
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400011
ER
PT S
AU Marano, JJ
Ciferino, JP
AF Marano, John J.
Ciferino, Jared P.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Integration of Gas Separation Membranes with IGCC Identifying the right
membrane for the right job
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Gas Separation Membranes; IGCC; CO(2) Capture; Sequestration
AB A core mission of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Carbon Sequestration Program is to foster the development of commercially-ready technologies for CO(2) capture and sequestration. An R&D program goal of 90% carbon capture, at an increase in the cost of electricity (COE) no greater than 10% above current state-of-the-art designs without capture, has been established for electric power generation from next-generation Integrated-Gasification Combined-Cycle (IGCC) plants. Advanced gas separation membranes for separating H(2) from CO(2) are one possible technology for achieving these goals.
For IGCC CO(2)-capture applications, membranes will need to out-perform existing chemical and physical absorption processes. Gas separation membranes, however, can be integrated into a number of different locations in the IGCC process in addition to post water-gas-shift (WGS), the preferred location for current absorption technologies. Due to the many integration options possible, membranes could potentially be required to operate over a wide range of conditions. It is preferred that the membrane operate at pressures and temperatures normally encountered at that point in the IGCC flowsheet where it is being placed. And, clearly it is beneficial that the membrane be placed in a location with relatively high pressure in order to maximize separation. If this is possible, the feed and product gases need not be compressed/expanded or heated/cooled. In addition, membrane materials being considered, whether ceramic, metallic or polymeric, have physical and chemical limitations in regards to operating temperature and tolerance to various compounds that might be present in synthesis gas. It is therefore unlikely that one type of membrane will be able to perform over the entire range of conditions possible. In this paper, we identify preferred membrane locations and quantify performance requirements for a wide range of membrane materials currently under consideration for H(2)/CO(2) separation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Marano, John J.; Ciferino, Jared P.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Ciferino, JP (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM ciferno@netl.doe.gov
NR 0
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 361
EP 368
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.049
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400048
ER
PT S
AU Ochs, T
Oryshchyn, D
Woodside, R
Summers, C
Patrick, B
Gross, D
Schoenfield, M
Weber, T
O'Brien, D
AF Ochs, Thomas
Oryshchyn, Danylo
Woodside, Rigel
Summers, Cathy
Patrick, Brian
Gross, Dietrich
Schoenfield, Mark
Weber, Thomas
O'Brien, Dan
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Results of initial operation of the Jupiter Oxygen Corporation oxy-fuel
15 MWth burner test facility
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE high flame temperature oxy-fuel combustion; untempered oxy-fuel flame;
heat transfer in oxy-combustion; CO(2) capture with energy recovery;
Integrated Pollutant Removal (IPR)
AB Jupiter Oxygen Corporation (JOC), in cooperation with the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), constructed a 15 MWth oxy-fuel burner test facility with Integrated Pollutant Removal (IPRTM) to test high flame temperature oxy-fuel combustion and advanced carbon capture. Combustion protocols include baseline air firing with natural gas, oxygen and natural gas firing with and without flue gas recirculation, and oxygen and pulverized coal firing with flue gas recirculation. Testing focuses on characterizing burner performance, determining heat transfer characteristics, optimizing CO(2) capture, and maximizing heat recovery, with an emphasis on data traceability to address retrofit of existing boilers by directly transforming burner systems to oxy-fuel firing. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved reserved.
C1 [Ochs, Thomas; Oryshchyn, Danylo; Woodside, Rigel; Summers, Cathy] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
RP Ochs, T (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM Thomas.Ochs@netl.doe.gov; B_patrick@jupiteroxygen.com
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 511
EP 518
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.068
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074400067
ER
PT S
AU Heldebrant, DJ
Yonker, CR
Jessop, PG
Phan, L
AF Heldebrant, David J.
Yonker, Clement R.
Jessop, Philip G.
Phan, Lam
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI CO(2)-binding organic liquids (CO(2)BOLs) for post-combustion CO(2)
capture.
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE CO(2) capture; ionic liquid; organic; alkylcarbonate; amidine; guanidine
ID SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC BASICITY SCALE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS-PHASE;
ACETONITRILE; SOLVENTS; ABSORPTION; EXTENSION; AMIDINE; BASES
AB CO(2)-binding organic liquids (CO(2)BOLs) chemically bind and release CO(2) more efficiently than aqueous alkanolamine systems. CO(2)BOLs are comprised of alcohols and organic amidine or guanidine bases, which chemically bind CO(2) as liquid amidinium or guanidinium alkylcarbonate salts. CO(2)BOLs have high CO(2) binding capacities (19% by weight, 147 g CO(2)/L) compared to that of 30% monoethanolamine solution in water (7% by weight, 108 g CO(2)/L) because they are liquid with or without bound CO(2) and do not require any added solvent such as water.
The dissolution of CO(2) into and out of the liquid phase limits the rate of CO(2) capture and release. Absorption of CO(2) is selective over nitrogen in both concentrated and dilute gas streams making these systems applicable to post- and pre-combustion CO(2) capture. The free energy of CO(2) binding in these systems is small and is independent of the choice of alcohol. The free energies of these systems are dependent on the choice of base; -9 kJ/mol for diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and Barton's base and +2 kJ/mol for 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine. The specific heats of the organic CO(2)BOLs are over 50% lower than that of water, resulting in a 50% reduction in the energy needed to strip out CO(2) as compared to aqueous alkanolamine solutions. CO(2)BOLs have been recycled for five cycles without losing activity or selectivity towards CO(2). (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Heldebrant, David J.; Yonker, Clement R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Efficiency Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Heldebrant, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Efficiency Div, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM david.heldebrant@pnl.gov
NR 22
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1187
EP 1195
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.156
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401034
ER
PT S
AU Dooley, JJ
Dahowski, RT
Davidson, CL
AF Dooley, J. J.
Dahowski, R. T.
Davidson, C. L.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Comparing Existing Pipeline Networks with the Potential Scale of Future
US CO(2) Pipeline Networks
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon dioxide capture and storage; pipelines; carbon management;
climate change
AB Interest is growing regarding the potential size of a future U.S.-dedicated carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pipeline infrastructure if carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies are commercially deployed on a large scale within the United States. This paper assesses the potential scale of the CO(2) pipeline system needed under two hypothetical climate policies (WRE450 and WRE550 stabilization scenarios); a comparison is then made to the extant U. S. pipeline infrastructures used to deliver CO(2) for enhanced oil recovery and to move natural gas and liquid hydrocarbons from areas of production and importation to markets. The analysis reveals that between 11,000 and 23,000 additional miles of dedicated CO(2) pipeline might be needed in the United States before 2050 across these two cases. While either case represents a significant increase over the 3900 miles that comprise the existing national CO(2) pipeline infrastructure, it is important to realize that the demand for additional CO(2) pipeline capacity will unfold relatively slowly and in a geographically dispersed manner as new dedicated CCS-enabled power plants and industrial facilities are brought online. During the period 2010-2030, this analysis indicates growth in the CO(2) pipeline system on the order of a few hundred to less than 1000 miles per year. By comparison, during the period 1950-2000, the U.S. natural gas pipeline distribution system grew at rates that far exceed these growth projections for a future CO(2) pipeline network in the U.S. This analysis indicates that the need to increase the size of the existing dedicated CO(2) pipeline system should not be seen as a major obstacle for the commercial deployment of CCS technologies in the United States. While there could be issues associated with siting specific segments of a larger national CO(2) pipeline infrastructure, the sheer scale of the required infrastructure should not be seen as representing a significant impediment to U.S. deployment of CCS technologies. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dooley, J. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM jj.dooley@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 16
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1595
EP 1602
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.209
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401087
ER
PT S
AU Middleton, RS
Bielicki, JM
AF Middleton, Richard S.
Bielicki, Jeffrey M.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI A comprehensive carbon capture and storage infrastructure model
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Type your keywords here; separated by semicolons
AB In this paper we present a spatial optimization model that comprehensively models carbon capture and s torage (CCS) infrastructure, from source-to-sink. The model optimally and simultaneously chooses at which sources and how much CO2 should be captured, at which reservoirs (or sinks) and how much CO2 should be injected and stored, where a pipeline network should be constructed and at what capacity, and how to distribute CO2 among the networked sources and reservoirs. A key contribution of the model is the ability to link sources and reservoirs using a realistic and capacitated pipeline network. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Middleton, Richard S.] Oak Ridege Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Middleton, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridege Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6054, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM middletonrs@ornl.gov
RI Middleton, Richard/A-5470-2011; Bielicki, Jeffrey/D-4239-2016
OI Bielicki, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8449-9328
NR 6
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1611
EP 1616
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.211
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401089
ER
PT S
AU Bacon, DH
Sminchak, JR
Gerst, JL
Gupta, N
AF Bacon, Diana H.
Sminchak, Joel R.
Gerst, Jacqueline L.
Gupta, Neeraj
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Validation of CO(2) Injection Simulations with Monitoring Well Data
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE geologic sequestration; carbon sequestration; numerical modeling; model
validation; Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership; MRCSP;
Phase II test
AB The multiphase flow and solute transport simulator STOMP has been used to assess potential carbon dioxide (CO(2)) injection rates into saline formations at several sites for the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP). An injection test of approximately 10,000 metric tons into the Bass Islands Dolomite with CO(2) injection rates from 250-500 tons per day, was performed in the test well at the MRCSP geologic field test site in Otsego County, Michigan, U.S.A. Reservoir simulations were performed to estimate injection parameters, such as bottomhole pressures and pressure response over time in the storage formation, and compared to measurements taken during the test. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bacon, Diana H.] Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA USA.
RP Bacon, DH (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA USA.
OI Bacon, Diana/0000-0001-9122-5333
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1815
EP 1822
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.237
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401115
ER
PT S
AU Morris, JP
Detwiler, RL
Friedmann, SJ
Vorobiev, OY
Hao, Y
AF Morris, Joseph P.
Detwiler, Russell L.
Friedmann, Samuel J.
Vorobiev, Oleg Y.
Hao, Yue
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI The large-scale effects of multiple CO(2) injection sites on formation
stability
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Coupled Processes; Computational Geomechanics; Geologic Sequestration;
Large Scale
AB We present results of a recent study investigating consequences of large scale deployment of CO(2) sequestration within a region spanning tens of kilometers. This initial study considered a faulted aquifer bounded above and below by impermeable rock. We performed a parameter study of fault activation due to elevated pore pressures and addressed several combinations of injection scenarios and in situ stress orientations. The simulations were performed using iteratively coupled flow and geomechanical capabilities. For each scenario, a multiple fluid injection was simulated using a non-steady reservoir flow model. At various phases of injection, the pore-pressure field was mapped over to our geomechanical codes to evaluate the evolving stress state throughout the region of interest. The geomechanical analysis specifically investigated the potential for fault activation. The results of the geomechanical simulations were used to update the flow model and modified the subsequent CO(2) plume and pressure perturbation. In addition to demonstrating large scale coupled fluid-geomechanical solver capabilities, the results highlight the importance of site selection, site characterization and in situ stress determination. The results also emphasize that site specific injection scenarios will be required for regions with substantial sequestration resource to manage permitting and deployment in such a way as to avoid unintended negative consequences of large-scale deployment. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Morris, Joseph P.; Friedmann, Samuel J.; Vorobiev, Oleg Y.; Hao, Yue] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Morris, JP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM morris50@llnl.gov
RI Detwiler, Russell/C-3228-2008
OI Detwiler, Russell/0000-0002-7693-9271
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1831
EP 1837
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.239
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401117
ER
PT S
AU Rutqvist, J
Vasco, DW
Myer, L
AF Rutqvist, Jonny
Vasco, Donald W.
Myer, Larry
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Coupled reservoir-geomechanical analysis of CO(2) injection at In Salah,
Algeria
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Type your keywords here; separated by semicolons
AB In Salah Gas Project in Algeria has been injecting nearly one million tonnes CO(2) per year over the past four years into a water-filled strata at a depth of about 1,800 to 1,900 m. Unlike most CO(2) storage sites, the permeability of the storage formation is relatively low and comparatively thin with a thickness of about 20 m. To ensure adequate CO(2) flow-rates across the low-permeability sand-face, the In Salah Gas Project decided to use long-reach (about 1 to 1.5 km) horizontal injection wells. In this study we are using field data and coupled reservoir-geomechanical numerical modeling of CO(2) injection to analyze geomechanical responses and to assess the effectiveness of this approach for CO(2) storage in relatively low permeability formations. Among the field data used are surface deformations evaluated from recently acquired satellite-based inferrometry (In SAR). The In SAR data shows a surface uplift on the order of 5 mm per year above active CO(2) injection wells and the uplift pattern extends several km from the injection wells. We use the observed surface uplift to constrain our coupled reservoir-geomechanical model. We conduct sensitivity studies to investigate potential causes and mechanisms of the observed uplift. Preliminary results of our analysis presented in this paper indicates that most of the observed uplift magnitude can be explained by poro-elastic expansion of the 20 m thick injection zone, but there could also be a significant contribution from pressure changes within the adjacent caprock. Moreover, we show that surface deformations from In SAR can be useful for tracking the fluid pressure and for detection of a permeable leakage path (e.g. in a permeable fault) through the overlying caprock layers. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rutqvist, Jonny; Vasco, Donald W.; Myer, Larry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Rutqvist, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jrutqvist@lbl.gov
RI Vasco, Donald/G-3696-2015; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015
OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628; Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785
NR 6
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1847
EP 1854
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.241
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401119
ER
PT S
AU Zheng, LG
Apps, JA
Zhang, YQ
Xu, TF
Birkholzer, JT
AF Zheng, Liange
Apps, John A.
Zhang, Yingqi
Xu, Tianfu
Birkholzer, Jens T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Reactive Transport Simulations to Study Groundwater Quality Changes in
Response to CO2 Leakage from Deep Geological Storage
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE CO2; Sequestration; Lead; Arsenic; Reactive transport; Groundwater
ID SEQUESTRATION; ADSORPTION; DISSOLUTION; MEDIA; PHASE; SOILS; MODEL
AB As an effort to evaluate risks associated with geologic sequestration of CO2, this work assesses the potential effects of CO2 leakage on groundwater quality. Reactive transport simulations are performed to study the chemical evolution of aqueous Pb and As after the intrusion of CO2 from a storage reservoir into a shallow confined groundwater resource. The simulations use mineralogies representative of shallow potable aquifers in the USA; both 2D (depth-averaged) and 3D simulations are conducted. Sensitivity studies are also conducted for variation in hydrological and geochemical conditions, as well as several other critical parameters. Model results suggest that a significant increase of aqueous lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) may occur in response to CO2 intrusion, but in most sensitivity cases their concentrations remain below the EPA specified maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). Adsorption/desorption from mineral surfaces significantly impacts the mobilization of Pb and As. Results from the 3D model agree fairly well with the 2D model in cases where the rate of CO2 intrusion is relatively small (so that the majority of CO2 readily dissolves in the groundwater), whereas discrepancies between 2D and 3D models are observed when the CO2 intrusion rate is comparably large. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zheng, Liange; Apps, John A.; Zhang, Yingqi; Xu, Tianfu; Birkholzer, Jens T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
RP Zheng, LG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
EM lzheng@lbl.gov
RI zheng, liange/B-9748-2011; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011
OI zheng, liange/0000-0002-9376-2535; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912
NR 14
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1887
EP 1894
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.246
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401124
ER
PT S
AU Apps, JA
Zhang, YQ
Zheng, LG
Xu, TF
Birkholzer, JT
AF Apps, John A.
Zhang, Yingqi
Zheng, Liange
Xu, Tianfu
Birkholzer, Jens T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Identification of thermodynamic controls defining the concentrations of
hazardous elements in potable ground waters and the potential impact of
increasing carbon dioxide partial pressure
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE CO(2) Sequestration; Groundwater; Contamination; Hazardous Elements
AB Concern has been expressed that carbon dioxide leaking from deep storage reservoirs could adversely impact water quality in overlying potable aquifers by mobilizing hazardous elements present in the aquifer rocks to the extent that their concentrations might exceed Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). To evaluate this issue, 38,000 ground water quality analyses from aquifers throughout the United States, each containing one or more analyses for As, Ba, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se, U or Zn, were retrieved from the Unites States National Water Information System (NWIS). The analyses were used to calculate the saturation indices (SIs) of all identified and thermodynamically characterized minerals containing the listed elements as essential components. These minerals were initially selected through literature surveys to establish whether field evidence supported their postulated presence in potable water aquifers. SI frequency histograms were plotted to evaluate whether these minerals are at saturation in NWIS ground waters (i.e., they show modes at SI approximate to 0). Mineral assemblages meeting the criterion of thermodynamic saturation were assumed to control the aqueous concentrations of the hazardous elements at initial system state as well as at elevated CO(2) partial pressure caused by the ingress of leaking CO(2). The impact on the identified mineral solubilities of increasing CO(2) partial pressures was then predicted over the range from -4 to +1 (i.e., 10(-4) <= P(CO(2)) in bar <= 10). Under reducing conditions (characteristic of most ground waters), the most serious problem resulting from intrusion of CO(2) into shallow groundwater may arise through enhanced dissolution of pyrite and solubilization of arsenic. At the highest P(CO(2)) assumed in our study, Ba, Pb and Zn may also approach or exceed regulatory concentration limits. Of the remaining elements, the MCLs of Cd, and Sb are unlikely to be exceeded, and Hg, Se and U concentrations are unaffected by CO(2) intrusion. (C) 2008 Elsevier All rights reserved.
C1 [Apps, John A.; Zhang, Yingqi; Zheng, Liange; Xu, Tianfu; Birkholzer, Jens T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Apps, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM JAApps@lbl.gov
RI zheng, liange/B-9748-2011; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011
OI zheng, liange/0000-0002-9376-2535; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912
NR 4
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1917
EP 1924
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.250
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074401128
ER
PT S
AU Davidson, CL
Dooley, JJ
Dahowski, RT
AF Davidson, Casie L.
Dooley, James J.
Dahowski, Robert T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Assessing the impacts of future demand for saline groundwater on
commercial deployment of CCS in the United States
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon dioxide capture and storage; groundwater; salinity; underground
source of drinking water
ID WATER-RESOURCES
AB This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the potential impact that future demand for groundwater might have on the commercial deployment of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies within the United States. A number of regions within the U. S. have populations, agriculture and industries that are particularly dependent upon groundwater. Moreover, some key freshwater aquifers are already over-utilized or depleted, and others are likely to be moving toward depletion as demand grows. The need to meet future water demands may lead some parts of the nation to consider supplementing existing supplies with lower quality groundwater resources, including brackish waters that are currently not considered sources of drinking water but which could provide supplemental water via desalination. In some areas, these same deep saline-filled geologic formations also represent possible candidate carbon dioxide (CO(2)) storage reservoirs. The analysis presented here suggests that future constraints on CCS deployment -due to potential needs to supplement conventional water supplies by desalinating deeper and more brackish waters -are likely to be necessary only in limited regions across the country, particularly in areas that are already experiencing water stress. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Davidson, Casie L.; Dahowski, Robert T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Davidson, CL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Ave, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM casie.davidson@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1949
EP 1956
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.254
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402001
ER
PT S
AU Carroll, S
Hao, Y
Aines, R
AF Carroll, Susan
Hao, Yue
Aines, Roger
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Transport and detection of carbon dioxide in dilute aquifers
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Carbon sequestration; groundwater leak detection; reactive transport
modeling
ID STORAGE; CO2
AB Carbon storage in deep saline reservoirs has the potential to lower the amount of CO(2) emitted to the atmosphere and to mitigate global warming. Leakage back to the atmosphere through abandoned wells and along faults would reduce the efficiency of carbon storage, possibly leading to health and ecological hazards at the ground surface, and possibly impacting water quality of near-surface dilute aquifers. We use static equilibrium and reactive transport simulations to test the hypothesis that perturbations in water chemistry associated with a CO(2) gas leak into dilute groundwater are important measures for the potential release of CO(2) to the atmosphere. Simulation parameters are constrained by groundwater chemistry, flow, and lithology from the High Plains aquifer. The High Plains aquifer is used to represent a typical sedimentary aquifer overlying a deep CO(2) storage reservoir. Specifically, we address the relationships between CO(2) flux, groundwater flow, and detection time and distance. The CO(2) flux ranges from 10(3) to 2 x 10(6) t/yr to assess chemical perturbations resulting from relatively small leaks that may compromise long-term storage, water quality, and surface ecology, and larger leaks characteristic of short-term well failure.
Reactive transport simulations show the CO(2) leakage into a dilute groundwater creates a slightly acid plume that can be detected at some distance from the leak source due to groundwater flow and CO(2) buoyancy. pH breakthrough curves demonstrate that CO(2) leaks can be easily detected for CO(2) flux 10(4) t/yr within a 15-month time period. Sustained pumping in a developed aquifer mixes the CO(2)-affected water with the ambient water and enhances pH signal for small leaks (10(3) t/yr) and reduces pH signal for larger leaks (10(4) t/yr).
Detection of CO(2) leaks in aquifers by changes in pH and carbonate chemistry is readily available and well understood. Leaks produce a measurable change in pH that is still within range of natural waters, even for high flux rates (2 x 10(6) t/yr). Reactive transport modeling is a critical component to the design and effective performance of measurement, monitoring, and verification plans for carbon storage. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carroll, Susan; Hao, Yue; Aines, Roger] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Carroll, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM carroll6@llnl.gov
RI Aines, Roger/A-2013-2013
NR 29
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2111
EP 2118
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.275
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402021
ER
PT S
AU Freifeld, BM
Daley, TM
Hovorka, SD
Henninges, J
Underschultz, J
Sharma, S
AF Freifeld, Barry M.
Daley, Thomas M.
Hovorka, Susan D.
Henninges, Jan
Underschultz, Jim
Sharma, Sandeep
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Recent advances in well-based monitoring of CO(2) sequestration
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE CO2 monitoring; observation well; integrated completion; borehole
instrumentation; geological storage
ID INJECTION; GAS
AB Recent CO(2) sequestration pilot projects have implemented novel approaches to well-based subsurface monitoring aimed at increasing the amount and quality of information available from boreholes. Some of the drivers for the establishment of new well-based technologies and methodologies arise from: (1) the need for data to assess physical and geochemical subsurface processes associated with CO(2) emplacement; (2) the high cost of deep boreholes and need to maximize data yield from each; (3) need for increased temporal resolution to observe plume evolution; (4) a lack of established processes and technologies for integrated permanent sensors in the oil and gas industry; and (5) a lack of regulatory guidance concerning the amount, type, and duration of monitoring required for long-term performance confirmation of a CO(2) storage site. In this paper we will examine some of the latest innovations in well-based monitoring and present examples of integrated monitoring programs. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Freifeld, Barry M.; Daley, Thomas M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Freifeld, BM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM bmfreifeld@lbl.gov
RI Underschultz, Jim/N-1496-2013; Daley, Thomas/G-3274-2015; Freifeld,
Barry/F-3173-2010
OI Underschultz, Jim/0000-0003-2151-1478; Daley,
Thomas/0000-0001-9445-0843;
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2277
EP 2284
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.296
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402041
ER
PT S
AU Lewicki, JL
Hilley, GE
Fischer, ML
Pan, LH
Oldenburg, CM
Dobeck, L
Spangler, L
AF Lewicki, Jennifer L.
Hilley, George E.
Fischer, Marc L.
Pan, Lehua
Oldenburg, Curtis M.
Dobeck, Laura
Spangler, Lee
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Detection of CO(2) leakage by eddy covariance during the ZERT project's
CO(2) release experiments
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Eddy covariance; Carbon dioxide flux; Geologic carbon storage
monitoring; Leakage
ID FLUX MEASUREMENTS; EXCHANGE; CARBON
AB Carbon dioxide was released from a shallow horizontal well for ten days at 0.1 t d(-1) (Release 1) and for seven days at 0.3 t d(-1) (Release 2) during Summer 2007. Net CO(2) fluxes (F(c)) were continuously monitored by eddy covariance during the summers of 2006 and 2007. To improve leakage detection ability, we removed ecosystem fluxes correlated with changes in soil temperature and light intensity from F(c). The Release 2 leakage signal was enhanced in a time series of upper 95(th) percentile residual F(c), while the Release 1 signal fell within the variability of unmodeled processes. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewicki, Jennifer L.; Pan, Lehua; Oldenburg, Curtis M.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lewicki, JL (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jllewicki@lbl.gov
RI Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015;
OI Spangler, Lee/0000-0002-3870-6696
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2301
EP 2306
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.299
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402044
ER
PT S
AU Purcell, C
Harbert, W
Soong, Y
McLendon, TR
Haljasmaa, IV
McIntyre, D
JiKich, J
AF Purcell, Christopher
Harbert, William
Soong, Yee
McLendon, T. Robert
Haljasmaa, Igor V.
McIntyre, Dustin
JiKich, Jay
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Velocity measurements in reservoir rock samples from the SACROC unit
using various pore fluids, and integration into a seismic survey taken
before and after a CO(2) sequestration flood
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Rock Physics; CO(2); P, S(H), S(V) elastic wave velocity; Computer
Tomography
AB The SACROC field, located in west Texas in the Permian Basin, is the oldest CO(2) enhanced oil recovery site in the United States, with over 93 million tons of CO(2) injected as of 2007. Recently, the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) of the United States Department of Energy has begun to support an enhanced oil recovery project at the SACROC field in north central Texas, working in close collaboration with the Bureau of Economic Geology in Austin, Texas. The project requires the injection of CO(2) at a depth of approximately 2040 meters into a reef structure. This project involves both repeat reflection seismic surveys and rock physics based analysis of core material. In the SACROC field, hydrocarbons were flooded out using water, and will be flooded with liquid CO(2) during the summer of 2008. An experiment is planned whereby we first image fluid floods through reservoir rock using a CT scanner at NETL in order to see what the residual saturations of the previous fluids are. We then plan to conduct velocity measurements in this order, so that we can obtain a good estimate of conditions in different parts of the reservoir. We will then measure the P and S wave velocities, porosity, and permeability at varying pressures and temperatures that simulate reservoir conditions after each successive flood. In addition to velocity measurements, we will measure porosity, permeability, Young's Modulus, Poisson's ratio, and stress and strain measurement under simulated in situ reservoir conditions. Preliminary P and S wave velocity measurements were made in dry Berea sandstone samples in order to have a base reference material to compare our results to. Our Berea measurements were 2402 m/s for Vp, 1688 m/s for Vs, and 0.703 for Vs/Vp for an unstressed sample, which agrees well with the literature. The measured velocities, the P and S waveforms, the velocity vs. confining pressure will be used to calibrate our acoustical measurements both in dry and saturated samples of the carbonate SACROC reservoir rock using oil, gas, water, and CO(2). We then plan on doing the first of several seismic surveys in the SACROC field in west Texas. The first survey will be completed during the summer of 2008, and presented at this meeting. Using our velocity measurements, we hope to be able to discern the difference between areas of the reservoir rock that are saturated with different pore-filling phases. With repeated surveys over the next few years, we hope to be able to observe the area of extent of various floods of CO(2) that are scheduled to be injected into several wells in the area using the laboratory measurements we collected. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Purcell, Christopher; Harbert, William; Soong, Yee; McLendon, T. Robert; Haljasmaa, Igor V.; McIntyre, Dustin] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
RP Purcell, C (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2323
EP 2331
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.302
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402047
ER
PT S
AU Aines, RD
Leach, MJ
Weisgraber, TH
Simpson, MD
Friedmann, SJ
Bruton, CJ
AF Aines, Roger D.
Leach, Martin J.
Weisgraber, Todd H.
Simpson, Matthew D.
Friedmann, S. Julio
Bruton, Carol J.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Quantifying the potential exposure hazard due to energetic releases of
CO(2) from a failed sequestration well
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Sequestration
ID STORAGE
AB Wells are designed to bring fluids from depth to the earth's surface quickly. As such they are the most likely pathway for CO(2) to return to the surface in large quantities and present a hazard without adequate management. We surveyed oil industry experience of CO(2) well failures, and separately, calculated the maximal CO(2) flow rate from a 5000 ft depth supercritical CO(2) reservoir. The calculated maximum of 20,000 tonne/day was set by the sound speed and the seven-inch well casing diameter, and was greater than any observed event. We used this flux to simulate atmospheric releases and the associated hazard utilizing the National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) tools and real meteorology at a representative location in the High Plains of the United States. Three cases representing a maximum hazard day (quiet winds <1 m s(-1) near the wellhead) and medium and minimal hazard days (average winds 3 m s-1 and 7 m s-1) were assessed. As expected for such large releases, there is a near-well hazard when there is little or no wind. In all three cases the hazardous Temporary Emergency Exposure Levels (TEEL) 2 or 3 only occurred within the first few hundreds of meters. Because the preliminary 3-D model runs may not have been run at high enough resolution to accurately simulate very small distances, we also used a simple Gaussian plume model to provide an upper bound on the distance at which hazardous conditions might exist. This extremely conservative model, which ignores inhomogeneity in the mean wind and turbulence fields, also predicts possible hazardous concentrations up to several hundred meters downwind from a maximal release. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aines, Roger D.; Leach, Martin J.; Weisgraber, Todd H.; Simpson, Matthew D.; Friedmann, S. Julio; Bruton, Carol J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Aines, RD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM aines@llnl.gov
RI Aines, Roger/A-2013-2013
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2421
EP 2429
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.003
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402060
ER
PT S
AU Jordan, P
Doughty, C
AF Jordan, Preston
Doughty, Christine
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Sensitivity of CO(2) migration estimation on reservoir temperature and
pressure uncertainty
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE geologic carbon storage; pressure temperature sensitivity;
buoyancy-driven flow
AB The density and viscosity of supercritical CO(2) are sensitive to pressure and temperature (PT) while the viscosity of brine is sensitive primarily to temperature. Oil field PT data in the vicinity of WESTCARB's Phase III injection pilot test site in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, show a range of PT values, indicating either PT uncertainty or variability. Numerical simulation results across the range of likely PT indicate brine viscosity variation causes virtually no difference in plume evolution and final size, but CO(2) density variation causes a large difference. Relative ultimate plume size is almost directly proportional to the relative difference in brine and CO(2) density (buoyancy flow). The majority of the difference in plume size occurs during and shortly after the cessation of injection. (C) 2009 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jordan, Preston; Doughty, Christine] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94706 USA.
RP Jordan, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94706 USA.
EM pdjordan@lbl.gov
RI Jordan, Preston/L-1587-2016
OI Jordan, Preston/0000-0001-5853-9517
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2587
EP 2594
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.024
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402081
ER
PT S
AU Stauffer, PH
Surdam, RC
Jiao, ZS
Miller, TA
Bentley, RD
AF Stauffer, Philip H.
Surdam, Ronald C.
Jiao, Zunsheng
Miller, Terry A.
Bentley, Ramsey D.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Combining geologic data and numerical modeling to improve estimates of
the CO(2) sequestration potential of the Rock Springs Uplift, Wyoming
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Carbon Dioxide; Sequestration; Multiphase flow; Modeling; System
Modeling
ID SITE
AB We present results from the first stages of a detailed three dimensional analysis of the geologic CO(2) sequestration potential of the Rock Springs Uplift (RSU), located in south-western Wyoming. This site is of particular interest because of the collocated 2.1 GW Jim Bridger coal burning power plant and the possibility of additional power plants being developed in the area to take advantage of the abundant coal reserves in the RSU region (i.e. the Southern California Edison CEPL project).
The Rock Springs Uplift is a huge asymmetric dome structure with two superior target sequestration reservoirs located beneath a 1500 m thick sequence of Cretaceous shale. The target reservoirs, the Weber Sandstone and Madison Limestone, with thicknesses of greater than 200m and 75m respectively, are located at depths where pressures are well above the critical point of CO(2). Seismic data reveal that the structure of the RSU creates an ideal trap for buoyant supercritical CO(2). The target reservoirs currently contain high salinity sour brines (35,000-80,000 ppm) with little or no economic value. Reservoir continuity inferred from well logs and cores and high average measured porosity (10%) and permeability (10-75 md) led to initial screening estimates on the order of 26 billion tons of CO(2) for the storage capacity of the structure.
This paper focuses on calculations that will help to refine the initial capacity estimates through the use of high resolution multiphase numerical models. First we present an analysis using a system level simulator, CO2-PENS, to differentiate between two injection depths in the Weber on the basis of the costs associated with on-site drilling and pipelines for a range of permeabilities. The deeper site is analogous to the subsurface near the Jim Bridger Power Plant (JBPP), while the shallower site is analogous to the crest of the RSU. Results of this analysis show that deeper injection may be more cost effective. Next, we develop a 3-D computational hydrostratigraphic model and simulate injection of CO(2) near the Jim Bridger Power Plant. Utilizing existing seismic and wellbore data, a geologic framework model has been created in Earth Vision (i.e., 3D model building and visualization software). From this model, hydrostratigraphic units were extracted and a 3-D computational mesh for a 16 x 16 km section of the RSU structure was constructed. This model is used to simulate injection of 80% of the total CO(2) emissions from the 2.1 GW JBPP (483 kg/s or 15 Mt/year) into the Weber formation for two cases. The first case assumes a very high permeability in the Weber and needs only one injection well, while the second case assumes a lower permeability and uses 9 injection wells. The major differences between these two examples are the amount of CO(2) that dissolves into the formation brines and the areal extent of the resulting plumes. Because the low permeability case requires more injectors, the injected CO(2) is exposed to a larger volume of reservoir rock and leads to a higher percentage of the total injected CO(2) being dissolved in the formation water. The focused injection for the high permeability case leads to more CO(2) remaining in the supercritical state and longer up-dip transport. Finally, both cases show that both diffusive and advective transport into the surrounding strata may significantly increase the storage potential of the RSU. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stauffer, Philip H.; Miller, Terry A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Stauffer, PH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop T-003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Stauffer, Philip/A-1384-2009;
OI Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2717
EP 2724
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.041
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402098
ER
PT S
AU Jordan, P
Doughty, C
AF Jordan, Preston
Doughty, Christine
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Sensitivity of CO(2) migration estimation on reservoir temperature and
pressure uncertainty
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE geologic carbon storage; pressure temperature sensitivity;
buoyancy-driven flow
AB The density and viscosity of supercritical CO(2) are sensitive to pressure and temperature (PT) while the viscosity of brine is sensitive primarily to temperature. Oil field PT data in the vicinity of WESTCARB's Phase III injection pilot test site in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, show a range of PT values, indicating either PT uncertainty or variability. Numerical simulation results across the range of likely PT indicate brine viscosity variation causes virtually no difference in plume evolution and final size, but CO(2) density variation causes a large difference. Relative ultimate plume size is almost directly proportional to the relative difference in brine and CO(2) density (buoyancy flow). The majority of the difference in plume size occurs during and shortly after the cessation of injection. (C) 2009 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jordan, Preston; Doughty, Christine] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94706 USA.
RP Jordan, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94706 USA.
EM pdjordan@lbl.gov
RI Jordan, Preston/L-1587-2016; Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015
OI Jordan, Preston/0000-0001-5853-9517;
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2825
EP 2832
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.055
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402112
ER
PT S
AU Dahowski, RT
Li, X
Davidson, CL
Wei, N
Dooley, JJ
Gentile, RH
AF Dahowski, R. T.
Li, X.
Davidson, C. L.
Wei, N.
Dooley, J. J.
Gentile, R. H.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI A Preliminary Cost Curve Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Capture and
Storage Potential in China
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon dioxide capture and storage; China; cost curve; climate change
AB This study presents a preliminary assessment of the potential for carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies to deploy within China. China has a large theoretical and geographically dispersed geologic carbon dioxide (CO(2)) storage capacity in excess of 2,300,000 MtCO(2) in onshore basins with deep saline-filled sedimentary basins accounting for over 99 percent of the total. There are over 1620 large stationary CO(2) point sources that emit a combined 3890 MtCO(2)/year and 91 percent are within 100 miles (161 km) of a candidate deep geologic storage formation. The preliminary cost curve analysis suggests that the majority of emissions from China's large CO(2) point sources can be stored in large deep saline formations at estimated transport and storage costs of less than $10/tCO(2). This indicates that there is significant potential for CCS technologies to deploy in China and for these technologies to deliver deep, sustained, and cost-effective emissions reductions for China over the course of this century. The research reported here was the result of an unprecedented and highly productive collaboration between researchers in the United States and China. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dahowski, R. T.; Davidson, C. L.] Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Dahowski, RT (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Div, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM bob.dahowski@battelle.org
RI daorui, han/G-3767-2011;
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 12
TC 30
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 2849
EP 2856
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.058
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074402115
ER
PT S
AU White, M
McGrail, P
AF White, Mark
McGrail, Pete
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Designing a Pilot-Scale Experiment for the Production of Natural Gas
Hydrates and Sequestration of CO(2) in Class 1 Hydrate Accumulations
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE natural gas hydrate; numerical simulation; CO(2) exchange; gas hydrate
dissociation; mixed gas hydrate
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; EXPLOITATION; SYSTEM
AB Vast accumulations of methane hydrates have been found in suboceanic deposits and beneath the arctic permafrost. Because of the large volumetric storage densities, clathrate hydrates on the deep ocean floor have been suggested as a sequestration option for CO(2). Alternatively, CO(2) hydrates can be formed in the geologic settings of naturally occurring accumulations of methane hydrates. This paper describes the design (via numerical simulation) of a pilot-scale demonstration test of the CO(2) exchange production and sequestration technology for a geologic setting beneath the arctic permafrost, involving a gas-hydrate interval overlying a free-gas interval (i.e., Class 1 Hydrate Accumulation). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [White, Mark; McGrail, Pete] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP McGrail, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mark.white@pnl.gov
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3099
EP 3106
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.090
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403017
ER
PT S
AU Bacon, DH
Sass, BM
Bhargava, M
Sminchak, J
Gupta, N
AF Bacon, Diana H.
Sass, Bruce M.
Bhargava, Mohit
Sminchak, Joel
Gupta, Neeraj
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Reactive Transport Modeling of CO(2) and SO(2) Injection into Deep
Saline Formations and Their Effect on the Hydraulic Properties of Host
Rocks
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon sequestration; numerical model; reactive transport; geochemical
reactions; porosity change
AB Injection of supercritical carbon dioxide (CO(2)) into formations containing carbonate minerals may affect the porosity and permeability of the host rock and overlying caprock due to dissolution of the primary carbonate minerals and possible precipitation of secondary minerals. Simulations of pilot-scale CO(2) injection with co-sequestration of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) were conducted to assess the competing effects of dolomite dissolution and anhydrite precipitation on formation hydraulic properties. A geochemical model of two promising host formations in the midwestern United States (Rose Run and Copper Ridge) was developed for the purpose of assessing mineral dissolution and precipitation effects on injectivity and containment. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bacon, Diana H.] Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA USA.
RP Bacon, DH (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA USA.
OI Bacon, Diana/0000-0001-9122-5333
NR 10
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3283
EP 3290
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.114
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403041
ER
PT S
AU Doughty, C
Myer, LR
Oldenburg, CM
AF Doughty, Christine
Myer, Larry R.
Oldenburg, Curtis M.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Predictions of long-term behavior of a large-volume pilot test for CO(2)
geological storage in a saline formation in the Central Valley,
California
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE geologic CO(2) storage; multi-phase flow modeling; CO(2) trapping
mechanism; plume stabilization
AB The long-term behavior of a CO(2) plume injected into a deep saline formation is investigated, focusing on mechanisms that lead to plume stabilization. Key measures are plume migration distance and the time evolution of CO(2) phase-partitioning, which are examined by developing a numerical model of the subsurface at a proposed power plant with CO(2) capture in the San Joaquin Valley, California, where a large-volume pilot test of CO(2) injection will be conducted. The numerical model simulates a four-year CO(2) injection period and the subsequent evolution of the CO(2) plume until it stabilizes. Sensitivity studies are carried out to investigate the effect of poorly constrained model parameters permeability, permeability anisotropy, and residual gas saturation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Doughty, Christine; Myer, Larry R.; Oldenburg, Curtis M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Doughty, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3291
EP 3298
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.115
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403042
ER
PT S
AU McGrail, BP
Schaef, HT
Glezakou, VA
Dang, LX
Owen, AT
AF McGrail, B. P.
Schaef, H. T.
Glezakou, V. -A.
Dang, L. X.
Owen, A. T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Water Reactivity in the Liquid and Supercritical CO(2) Phase: Has Half
the Story Been Neglected?
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE sequestration; corrosion; carbonate precipitation; molecular dynamics
ID SEQUESTRATION; CORROSION; INJECTION; STEEL; ROCK; IRON; OIL
AB Aqueous-phase mediated chemical reactions with dissolved CO(2) have long been considered the principal if not only reactive process supporting mineralization reactions with basalt and other reactive reservoir rocks and caprocks in deep geologic sequestration systems. This is not surprising given the quite high solubility of CO(2) in the aqueous phase and ample evidence from natural systems of the reactivity of CO(2)-charged waters with a variety of silicate minerals. In contrast, comparatively scant attention has been directed at reactivity of water solvated in liquid and supercritical CO(2), with the exception of interest in the impacts of water in CO(2) on the corrosion of pipeline steels. The results presented in this paper show that the most interesting and important aspects of water reactivity with metal and oxide surfaces of interest in geologic sequestration systems actually occurs in the liquid or supercritical CO(2) phase. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McGrail, B. P.; Schaef, H. T.; Owen, A. T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP McGrail, BP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 15
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3415
EP 3419
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.131
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403058
ER
PT S
AU Strazisar, B
Kutchko, B
Huerta, N
AF Strazisar, Brian
Kutchko, Barbara
Huerta, Nicolas
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Chemical Reactions of Wellbore Cement Under CO(2) Storage Conditions:
Effects of Cement Additives
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE wellbore integrity; cement; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration;
carbonation
ID GEOLOGIC SEQUESTRATION CONDITIONS
AB Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the impact of pozzolanic additives on the reaction of well cement paste under sequestration conditions. Two common blends consisting of class H cement and pozzolan/cement ratios of 35:65 and 65:35 were studied under CO(2) exposure conditions of 2200 psi and 50 degrees C. Although the rate of chemical reaction is significantly greater than with neat cement paste, the alteration of physical properties is not sufficient to compromise sealing integrity under the conditions of the experiments. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Strazisar, Brian; Kutchko, Barbara; Huerta, Nicolas] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Strazisar, B (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM brian.strazisar@netl.doe.gov
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3603
EP 3607
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.155
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403082
ER
PT S
AU Carey, JW
Svec, R
Grigg, R
Lichtner, PC
Zhang, JS
Crow, W
AF Carey, J. William
Svec, Robert
Grigg, Reid
Lichtner, Peter C.
Zhang, Jinsuo
Crow, Walter
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Wellbore integrity and CO(2)-brine flow along the casing-cement
microannulus
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Carbon sequestration; well integrity; Portland cement; carbonation;
calcite; siderite; casing; corrosion
ID CORROSION; OIL
AB Wellbore integrity is one of the key performance criteria in the geological storage of CO(2). This is significant in any proposed storage site but may be critical to the suitability of depleted oil and gas reservoirs that may have 10's to 1000's of abandoned wells. Much previous work has focused on Portland cement which is the primary material used to seal (create zonal isolation) wellbore systems. This work has emphasized the reactivity of Portland cement to form calcium carbonate. However, an increasing number of field studies [(e.g., 1], experimental studies [e.g., 2], and theoretical considerations indicate that the most significant leakage mechanism is likely to be flow of CO(2) along the casing-cement microannulus, cement-cement fractures, or the cement-caprock interface. The magnitude of flows along these interfaces is a complex function of the pressure gradient, geomechanical properties that support the interface and dissolution/precipitation reactions that lead to widening or closure of the interface.
In this study, we investigate the casing-cement microannulus through core-flood experiments. The experiments were conducted on a 5-cm diameter sample of cement that was cured with an embedded rectangular length of steel casing. Prior to the experiment, the casing was loosened creating a poorly bonded interface. However, we discovered that under confining pressure this interface was non-transmissive, suggesting that in the wellbore environment an open casing-cement microannulus requires a relatively low differential between pore and confining pressure. For the experiments, we created an artificially transmissive interface by scoring grooves in the steel casing (0.2-0.8 mm in depth).
The core-flood experiments were conducted at 40 degrees C, 14 MPa pore pressure, and 28 MPa confining pressure for a period of 400 hours. During the experiment, 6.2 L of a 50:50 mixture of supercritical CO(2) and a 30,000 ppm NaCl-rich brine flowed through 10-cm of limestone before flowing through the 6-cm length cement-casing composite. Approximately 41,000 pore-volumes of fluid moved through the casing-cement grooves. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the CO(2)-brine mixture impacted both the casing and the cement. The Portland cement was carbonated to depths of 50-150 mu m by a diffusion-dominated process. There was no evidence of mass loss or erosion of the Portland cement. By contrast, the steel casing reacted to form abundant precipitates of iron carbonate that lined the channels and in one case almost completed filled a channel. These results are compared to field studies to constrain the magnitude of possible CO(2) migration in real wellbore systems. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Carey, J. William; Lichtner, Peter C.; Zhang, Jinsuo] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Carey, JW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bcarey@lanl.gov
RI Carey, James/B-4421-2011; Zhang, Jinsuo/H-4717-2012
OI Zhang, Jinsuo/0000-0002-3412-7769
NR 10
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3609
EP 3615
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.156
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403083
ER
PT S
AU Pawar, RJ
Watson, TL
Gable, CW
AF Pawar, Rajesh J.
Watson, Theresa L.
Gable, Carl W.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Numerical Simulation of CO(2) Leakage through Abandoned Wells: Model for
an Abandoned Site with Observed Gas Migration in Alberta, Canada
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE wellbore leakage; CO(2) sequestration; Alberta; multiphase flow;
modeling
AB This paper will present results of a numerical modelling study on CO(2) migration through abandoned wells. Leakage of CO(2) through plugged and abandoned wellbores is one of the major concerns for long-term safety and effectiveness of geologic CO(2) sequestration. For risk assessment and mitigation, it is not only important to understand and characterize the potential for CO(2) leakage through wellbores but also subsequent CO(2) migration beyond the primary sequestration reservoir. Subsequent to the leak, CO(2) may take a direct path towards the accessible environment or it may migrate in an indirect stair-stepping manner through wellbores/fractures across multiple, shallow permeable strata. In the later case, identification of leak source and application of mitigation strategies may become a challenge.
For this study we use data from a site in Alberta, Canada which has reported natural gas leak at surface. Investigations on origin of the gas and potential gas migration path from the original source to the surface at the analog site show that the gas could be moving through multiple wells and across multiple formations. There are multiple wells at the site which were drilled and abandoned without production casing and are completely open between two hydrocarbon bearing zones creating cross-flow across zones through open wellbores. Our study focuses on the deeper formations and potential for leakage for CO(2) injected in deeper formation. A complex numerical fluid-flow model is developed for the site in FEHM, LANL's porous media fluid-flow simulator. The model explicitly accounts for wellbore details such as abandonment plugs, casing, annulus cement, etc. The model was used to perform long-term simulations of CO(2) injection and potential migration through abandoned wells. Numerical simulation results show limited migration of CO(2) through abandoned wells. Such detailed simulation would be valuable to develop effective abandonment practices as well as mitigation strategies at CO(2) sequestration sites. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Pawar, Rajesh J.; Gable, Carl W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Pawar, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM rajesh@lanl.gov
RI Gable, Carl/B-4689-2011;
OI Gable, Carl/0000-0001-7063-0815
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3625
EP 3632
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.158
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403085
ER
PT S
AU Schumacher, K
Sands, R
AF Schumacher, Katja
Sands, Ronald
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Greenhouse gas mitigation in a carbon constrained world - the role of
CCS in Germany
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE energy efficiency; fuel switching; carbon dioxide capture and storage;
general equilibrium modeling; climate policy
AB In a carbon constrained world, at least four classes of greenhouse gas mitigation options are available: energy efficiency, switching to low or carbon-free energy sources, introduction of carbon dioxide capture and storage along with electric generating technologies, and reductions in emissions of non-CO(2) greenhouse gases. The contribution of each option to overall greenhouse gas mitigation varies by cost, scale, and timing. In particular, carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) promises to allow for low-emissions fossil-fuel based power generation. This is particularly relevant for Germany, where electricity generation is largely coal-based and, at the same time, ambitious climate targets are in place. Our objective is to provide a balanced analysis of the various classes of greenhouse gas mitigation options with a particular focus on CCS for Germany. We simulate the potential role of advanced fossil fuel based electricity generating technologies with CCS (IGCC, NGCC) as well the potential for retrofit with CCS for existing and currently built fossil plants from the present through 2050. We employ a computable general equilibrium (CGE) economic model as a core model and integrating tool. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Schumacher, Katja] Oko Inst eV, Inst Appl Ecol, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
RP Sands, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM ronald.sands@pnl.gov
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3755
EP 3762
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.175
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403102
ER
PT S
AU Klara, JM
AF Klara, Julianne M.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI The potential of advanced technologies to reduce carbon capture costs in
future IGCC power plants
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon capture; sequestration; Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle;
IGCC; carbon dioxide; CO(2); CCS; advanced technologies
AB Over the next two decades, our nation will need to add a substantial amount of new power generation capacity. The possibility of more stringent environmental regulations for greenho use gas emissions in the utility sector has opened a unique window of opportunity for integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCCs) equipped with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) to participate significantly in this expansion. This paper analyzes several advanced technologies under development in the Department of Energy (DOE) research and development (R& D) portfolio that have the potential to improve process efficiency, reduc e capital and operating expense, and increas e plant availability resulti ng in a significant reduction in the cost of electricity for plants that capture carbon. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Klara, JM (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM julianne.klara@netl.doe.gov
RI daorui, han/G-3767-2011
NR 2
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3827
EP 3834
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.184
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403111
ER
PT S
AU Litynski, J
Plasynski, S
Spangler, L
Finley, R
Steadman, E
Ball, D
Nemeth, KJ
McPherson, B
Myer, L
AF Litynski, John
Plasynski, Sean
Spangler, Lee
Finley, Robert
Steadman, Edward
Ball, David
Nemeth, Kenneth J.
McPherson, Brian
Myer, Larry
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI US Department of Energy's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership
Program: Overview
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Type your keywords here; separated by semicolons; Regional Carbon
Sequestration Partnerships; United States; Field Projects; Geologic
Storage
AB The U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) has formed a nationwide network of seven regional partnerships to help determine the best approaches for capturing and permanently storing gases that can contribute to global climate change. The Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) are tasked with determining the most suitable technologies, regulations, and infrastructure for carbon capture, transport, and storage in their areas of the country and parts of Canada. The seven partnerships include more than 350 state agencies, universities, national laboratories, private companies, and environmental organizations, spanning 42 states, two Indian nations, and four Canadian provinces. The Regional Partnerships initiative is being implemented in three phases:
Characterization Phase (2003 - 2005): The objective was to collect data on CO(2) sources and sinks and develop the human capital to support and enable future carbon sequestration field tests and deployments. The completion of this Phase was marked by release of the Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada - Version 1 which included a common methodology for capacity assessment and reported over 3,000GT of storage capacity in saline formations, depleted oil and gas fields, and coal seams. (C) 2008 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Litynski, John; Plasynski, Sean] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Litynski, J (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
OI Spangler, Lee/0000-0002-3870-6696
NR 6
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3959
EP 3967
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.200
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074403127
ER
PT S
AU Dooley, JJ
Dahowski, RT
AF Dooley, J. J.
Dahowski, R. T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Large-Scale US Unconventional Fuels Production and the Role of Carbon
Dioxide Capture and Storage Technologies in Reducing Their Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE carbon dioxide capture and storage; coal-to-liquids; oil shale; climate
change
AB Under two future hypothetical climate policies and assuming the wide-scale availability of cost-effective carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies, the emergence of a domestic U.S. oil shale or coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry would likely be responsible for significant increases in carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions to the atmosphere. The oil shale production facilities required to produce 3MMB/d from the Ecocene Green River formation using an in situ retorting process would result in net emissions to the atmosphere of between 3000-7000 MtCO(2), in addition to storing potentially 900-5000 MtCO(2) in regional deep geologic formations in the period up to 2050. A similarly sized, but geographically more dispersed domestic CTL industry could result in 4000-5000 MtCO(2) emitted to the atmosphere, in addition to potentially 21,000-22,000 MtCO(2) stored in regional deep geologic formations over the same period up to 2050. Preliminary analysis of regional CO(2) storage capacity in locations where such facilities might be sited indicates that there appears to be sufficient storage capacity, primarily in deep saline formations, to accommodate the CO(2) from these industries. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dooley, J. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM jj.dooley@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4225
EP 4232
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.233
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404031
ER
PT S
AU Nichols, C
Phares, L
Dipietro, P
vanLeeuwen, T
AF Nichols, Chris
Phares, Lisa
Dipietro, Phil
vanLeeuwen, Tyler
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Analysis of GHG Abatement Opportunities under America's Climate Security
Act of 2007
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
AB Over the past few years, several pieces of legislation have been introduced in Congress aimed at reducing US greenhouse (GHG) emissions by setting emission targets by specified years. One of the latest bills, America's Climate Security Act of 2007 (S.2191) was introduced in October 2007 and sets a US GHG emissions target for 2050 that is 85% below the governments business-as-usual forecast. DOE/NETL has employed a multi-sector emissions accounting tool, CarBen, that identifies emission abatement options and their contribution, via a wedge analysis, to the total GHG emissions reduction needed to meet the 2050 emissions target laid out in S.2191.
This paper begins with a review of expected greenhouse (GHG) emissions in the United States through 2050. Historical and projected trends in U. S. energy use per GDP and GHG emission per unit of energy delivered are assessed. The paper then explores "technical possibilities" that exist for the U. S. to mitigate its GHG emissions in line with S.2191. Within the power sector, these options include nuclear power, renewable power generation, refurbishing existing coal power plants, retrofitting existing coal power plants with carbon capture and storage (CCS) and deploying new coal and natural gas power plants with CCS Outside of the power sector abatement options cover non-CO(2) GHG emissions abatement, terrestrial offsets, international credits, improved vehicle efficiency and electrification of the transportation sector through hybrid electric vehicles. The methodology for calculating the wedges and allocating emissions reduction among the different options is described. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nichols, Chris; Phares, Lisa; Dipietro, Phil] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Syst Anal & Planning, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
RP Nichols, C (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Syst Anal & Planning, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4249
EP 4256
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.236
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404034
ER
PT S
AU Grol, E
AF Grol, Eric
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Technical Assessment of an Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell Combined
Cycle with Carbon Capture
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Solid oxide fuel cell; IGFC; carbon capture; Integrated Gasification
Fuel Cell; SOFC; CO(2); advanced technologies; coal power; fossil energy
AB This work presents systems analysis results of an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) combined cycle with carbon capture. The study assumes the use of an atmospheric pressure solid oxide fuel cell. The efficiency, carbon capture potential, and water consumption rates are evaluated and compared to another advanced coal-based power system, an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC). (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Grol, E (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM eric.grol@netl.doe.gov
NR 2
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4307
EP 4313
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.243
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404041
ER
PT S
AU Geisbrecht, R
Dipietro, P
AF Geisbrecht, Rodney
Dipietro, Phil
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Evaluating options for US coal fired power plants in the face of
uncertainties and greenhouse gas caps: the economics of refurbishing,
retrofitting, and repowering
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Carbon Capture and Sequestration; Coal Fired Power Plants, Retrofitting;
Repowering; Refurbishing; National Energy Modeling System
AB Facing a cost for emitting carbon dioxide, U.S. entities that own coal-fired power plants have a number of options to pursue as alternatives to retiring the plant and investing in a new one with lower carbon emissions. These include: (1) continuing to operate business as usual and obtaining emission allowances as needed, (2) switching to or cofiring low carbon fuels, (3) retrofitting with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), (4) repowering with an advanced coal technology incorporating CCS, and (5) refurbishing to improve plant efficiency in combination with any of the previous options. Markets for refurbishing, retrofitting, and repowering were assessed using data bases of existing coal fired power plants along with the Energy Information Administration's (EIA) National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) code, which was modified to undertake an integrated analysis of how retrofit and repowering options would compete with other options for managing the fleet of coal fired power plants. Sensitivities with respect to key uncertainties are presented, including carbon values, natural gas prices, CCS incentives, and system-wide cost effectiveness of refurbishing in conjunction with retrofitting or repowering.
The indicated market for coal fired power plants that could be retrofitted with near commercial CCS technology under carbon cost scenarios ranging from 45 - 60 $/MTCO2e (metric ton CO2 equivalent) is on the order of 100 GW. A similar market is apparent for repowering, but with technologies that are as yet not commercialized. Below 30 $/MTCO2e, CCS technologies would not deploy without incentives. While refurbishing can extend the market for either retrofitting or repowering, its impact will depend on the extent to which efficiency as well as other cost related factors can be collectively upgraded. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Geisbrecht, Rodney; Dipietro, Phil] US DOE, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Geisbrecht, R (reprint author), US DOE, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM rgeisb@netl.doe.gov
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4347
EP 4354
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.248
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404046
ER
PT S
AU Wise, M
Kyle, GP
Dooley, J
Kim, SH
AF Wise, Marshall
Kyle, G. Page
Dooley, Jim
Kim, Son H.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI The Impact of Electric Passenger Transport Technology on the Demand for
Coal-fired Power with CCS under a Climate Policy
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE plug in hybrid electric vehicles; climate change; carbon dioxide capture
and storage
AB Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have the potential to be an economic means of reducing direct (or tailpipe) carbon (CO(2)) emissions from the transportation sector. However, without a climate policy that places a limit on CO(2) emissions is not as clear. A comprehensive analysis must consider jointly the transportation and electricity sectors, along with feedbacks to the rest of the energy system. In this paper, we use the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory MiniCAM model to perform an integrated economic analysis where PHEVs obtain 50-60% of the market for passenger and light-duty trucks, the ability to deploy PHEVs under the two climate policies modeled here results in 6000-7300 MiCO(2) of additional cost-effective emissions reductions from the U.S. economy over the period 2005-2050. The additional demand for geologic CO(2) storage created by the introduction of the PHEVs is approximately equal to the cumulative geologic CO(2) storage demanded by two to three large 1000 MW IGCC+CCS power plants over a 50-year period. The introduction of PHEVs into the U.S. transportation sector, coupled with climate policies such as those examined here, can also reduce U.S. demand for oil by 20-30% by 2050 compared to today's levels.
C1 [Wise, Marshall; Kyle, G. Page; Dooley, Jim; Kim, Son H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Wise, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM marshall.wise@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4355
EP 4362
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.249
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404047
ER
PT S
AU Friedmann, SJ
Upadhye, R
Kong, FM
AF Friedmann, S. Julio
Upadhye, Ravi
Kong, Fung-Ming
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Prospects for underground coal gasification in carbon-constrained world
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE UCG; underground coal gasification; carbon sequestration;
coal-to-liquids; synthetic natural gas; coal utilization; in-situ coal
gasification
AB Underground coal gasification (UCG) has re-emerged as an energy technology for coal conversion and utilization given its attractive economics, ability to access inaccessible coals, and versatility of use. Based on published and new cost estimates, engineering analyses, and new commercial pilots it appears that UCG can produce syngas for 1/2 to 1/4 of the cost compared to surface gasifiers. New pilots announced in India, Canada, New Zealand, Wyoming, Alberta, China, and Australia to commence in 2009-2010 are preludes to commercial projects to produce hydrogen, power, liquid fuels, and chemicals. Importantly, UCG may have special promise in combination with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). First, there is a high degree of coincidence between coal resources and potential sequestration sites. Second, preliminary engineering and economic assessments suggest that it would be possible to fully or partially decarbonize many UCG product streams with CCS at costs at or below their surface equivalents without CCS. At present, all projects proposed for North America have CCS as a component to their carbon management strategy. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Friedmann, S. Julio; Kong, Fung-Ming] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Friedmann, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-175,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM friedmann2@llnl.gov
NR 11
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4551
EP 4557
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.274
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404072
ER
PT S
AU Friedmann, SJ
AF Friedmann, S. Julio
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Practice-based vs performance-based standards for carbon sequestration
projects
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Carbon sequestration; UIC; regulatory frameworks; performance standards
AB Interest in deployment of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is at odds with the lack of regulations to guide deployment. This can be resolved by a practice-based regulatory framework focused on data collection, prediction, and iteration. Such a regulatory framework could require operators to undertake behaviors that would empower initial regulatory efforts and tell potential operators what to do and why, not how to do it or to what precision. The most important practices comprise prediction and validation. This approach would have several positive effects, including encouraging would-be operators to invest in site selection, planning, modeling and prediction, monitoring, and regular updating of geotechnical operation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Friedmann, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-175,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM friedmann2@llnl.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4609
EP 4612
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.281
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404079
ER
PT S
AU Burton, EA
Birkinshaw, K
Myer, L
Myhre, R
Coombs, MJ
AF Burton, Elizabeth A.
Birkinshaw, Kelly
Myer, Larry
Myhre, Richard
Coombs, Mary Jane
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Informing policy development for geologic carbon sequestration in
California
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE capture and sequestration; California; policy; carbon emissions;
greenhouse gas emissions reductions; geologic sequestration
AB In California, there have been numerous policy directives aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In 2005, Executive Order S-3-05 established three target reduction levels for GHG emissions for the state, most notably a return to 1990 levels by 2020 (codified into law by the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006) and a reduction to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. In 2006, Senate Bill 1368 mandated a GHG emission performance standard (set at an interim level of 1100 lb-CO2/MWh or 500 kg-CO2/MWh) for new or renewed long-term contracts to purchase electricity from baseload facilities, and Assembly Bill 1925 required a report to the California legislature containing recommendations for accelerating the adoption of cost-effective geologic sequestration strategies for the long-term management of industrial carbon dioxide. Assembly Bill 1925 provided a unique opportunity for technical experts and other stakeholders to inform future policy decisions and regulations for geologic carbon sequestration in California. The author of the bill, the state agencies, and other stakeholders involved in developing the report agreed that a two-stage process would best address the goals of the legislation. A first report was recently released that provides a thorough overview of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) fundamentals in a California context and recommends areas for additional data acquisition or analyses. A second report, to be issued in 2010, will contain a full set of recommendations based on further studies, stakeholder input, and data and lessons learned from ongoing geologic CCS projects worldwide and particularly from field tests in California conducted by the West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (WESTCARB). This paper presents an overview of the approach and key findings of the first report, including technical readiness, infrastructure needs, regulatory and economic assessments, identification of potential early opportunities for application of CCS technology, and assessment of the greatest barriers to widespread CCS adoption in the state. Many of these findings are generally applicable beyond California or provide analogs useful to other states. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Burton, Elizabeth A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Burton, EA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-645, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM burton14@llnl.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4617
EP 4624
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.283
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404081
ER
PT S
AU Bradbury, J
Ray, I
Peterson, T
Wade, S
Wong-Parodi, G
Feldpausch, A
AF Bradbury, Judith
Ray, Isha
Peterson, Tarla
Wade, Sarah
Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle
Feldpausch, Andrea
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI The Role of Social Factors in Shaping Public Perceptions of CCS: Results
of Multi-State Focus Group Interviews in the US
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE CCS; public perception; risk communication; public acceptance;
communication
AB Three of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships analyzed community perspectives on carbon capture and storage (CCS) through focus groups and interviews in five communities. These perspectives were analyzed in the context of each community's history and its social and economic characteristics. The results were considered for their insights into specific concerns within each region, as well as to assess inter-region commonalities. In all cases, factors such as past experience with government, existing low socioeconomic status, desire for compensation, and/or perceived benefit to the community were of greater concern than the concern about the risks of the technology itself. This paper discusses the findings from the joint review of the focus groups and the potential lessons for application to CCS deployment. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Bradbury, Judith] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bradbury, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM judith.bradbury@pnl.gov
OI Peterson, Tarla Rai/0000-0002-2864-0013
NR 13
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4665
EP 4672
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.289
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404087
ER
PT S
AU Malone, EL
Bradbury, JA
Dooley, JJ
AF Malone, Elizabeth L.
Bradbury, Judith A.
Dooley, James J.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Keeping CCS Stakeholder Involvement in Perspective
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE Stakeholder involvement; carbon capture and storage; CCS; surveys
ID GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; PEOPLE KNOW
AB Recent surveys, polls, and other research focused on stakeholder attitudes towards the nascent commercial deployment of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies revealed that the general public knows relatively little about CCS. Given this lack of knowledge with respect to the concept of CCS-let alone first-hand experiential knowledge derived from seeing these technologies deployed in local communities-it is imperative to re-examine how research on CCS stakeholder involvement is conducted and how the results of these studies are reported. This paper will explore several such framing issues regarding future stakeholder involvement activities. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Malone, Elizabeth L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Malone, EL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM e.malone@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4789
EP 4794
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.305
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404103
ER
PT S
AU Schaef, HT
McGrail, BP
Owen, AT
AF Schaef, H. T.
McGrail, B. P.
Owen, A. T.
BE Gale, J
Herzog, H
Braitsch, J
TI Basalt-CO(2)-H(2)O Interactions and Variability in Carbonate
Mineralization Rates
SO GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES 9
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Washington, DC
DE mineralization; geologic sequestration
ID DISSOLUTION; GLASS; CO2; MINERALS; SULFIDE; BASIN; FLOW; GAS
AB Flood basalts are receiving increasing attention as possible host formations for geologic sequestration of anthropogenic CO(2), with studies underway in the U. S., India, Iceland, and Canada. Our previous laboratory studies with Columbia River basalts showed relative quick precipitation of carbonate minerals compared to other siliclastic rocks when batch reacted with water and supercritical CO(2). In this study, our prior work with Columbia River basalt was extended to tests with basalts from the eastern U. S., India, and Africa. The basalts are all similar in bulk chemistry and share common minerals such as plagioclase, augite, and a glassy mesostasis. Single pass flow through dissolution experiments under dilute solution and mildly acidic conditions indicate similar cation release behavior among the basalt samples tested. Despite similar bulk chemistry and apparent dissolution kinetics, long-term static experiments with CO(2) saturated water show significant differences in rates of mineralization as well as precipitate chemistry and morphology. For example, basalt from the Newark Basin in the U. S. is by far the most reactive of any basalt tested to date. Carbonate reaction products for the Newark Basin basalt were globular in form and contained significantly more Fe than the secondary carbonates that precipitated on the other basalt samples. Calcite grains with classic "dogtooth spar" morphology and trace cation substitution (Mg and Mn) were observed in post-reacted samples associated with the Columbia River basalts. Other basalts produced solid precipitates with compositions that varied chemically throughout the entire testing period. Polished cross sections of the reacted grains show precipitate overgrowths with irregular regions outlined by dark and bright layers indicative of zonations of different compositions. Chemical differences in the precipitates indicate changes in fluid chemistry unique to the dissolution behavior of each basalt sample reacted with CO(2) saturated water. The Karoo basalt appeared the least reactive, with very limited mineralization occurring during the testing period. Additional experiments conducted using mixtures of H(2)S and CO(2) unexpectedly changed the relative reactivity of the basalts. For example, the Karoo basalt was highly reactive in the presence of aqueous dissolved H(2)S and CO(2), evident by small nodules of carbonate coating the basalt grains after 181 days of testing. However the most reactive basalt in pure CO(2), Newark Basin, formed limited amounts of carbonate in the presence of H(2)S. Basalt reactivity in pure CO(2) appears to be controlled by the glassy mesostasis chemistry, which is the most reactive component of basalt. With the addition of H(2)S, the reactivity appears to be controlled by precipitation of insoluble iron sulfides as coatings on the basalt grains. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schaef, H. T.; McGrail, B. P.; Owen, A. T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Schaef, HT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM todd.schaef@pnl.gov
NR 21
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 4899
EP 4906
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.320
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BOB02
UT WOS:000276074404118
ER
PT B
AU Garzoglio, G
Levsbina, T
Mhashilkar, P
Timm, S
AF Garzoglio, Gabriele
Levsbina, Tanya
Mhashilkar, Parag
Timm, Steve
BE Lin, SC
Lin, SC
TI ReSS: A Resource Selection Service for the Open Science Grid
SO GRID COMPUTING
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Grid Computintg (ISGC 2007)
CY MAR 26-29, 2007
CL Acad Sinica, Taipei, TAIWAN
HO Acad Sinica
DE Resource Selection; large distributed computing; open science grid
AB The Open Science Grid offers access to hundreds of computing and storage resources via standard Grid interfaces. Before the deployment of an automated resource selection system, users had to submit jobs directly to these resources. They would manually select a resource and specify all relevant attributes in the job description prior to submitting the job. The necessity of a human intervention in resource selection and attribute specification hinders automated job management components from accessing OSG resources and it is inconvenient for the users.
The Resource Selection Service (ReSS) project addresses these shortcomings. The system integrates condor technology, for the core match making service, with the gLite CEMon component, for gathering and publishing resource information in the Glue Schema format. Each one of these components communicates over secure protocols via web services interfaces.
The system is currently used in production on OSG by the DZero Experiment, the Engagement Virtual Organization, and the Dark Energy. It is also the resource selection service for the Fermilab Campus Grid, FermiGrid. ReSS is considered a lightweight solution to push-based workload management.
This paper describes the architecture, performance, and typical usage of the system.
C1 [Garzoglio, Gabriele; Levsbina, Tanya; Mhashilkar, Parag; Timm, Steve] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Pine St,And Kirk Rd, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Garzoglio, G (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Pine St,And Kirk Rd, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM garzogli@fnal.gov; tlevsbina@fnal.gov; parag@fnal.gov; timm@fnal.gov
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-78416-8
PY 2009
BP 89
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-78417-5_8
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BIO43
UT WOS:000261333700008
ER
PT J
AU Fritz, BG
Mendoza, DP
Gilmore, TJ
AF Fritz, Brad G.
Mendoza, Donaldo P.
Gilmore, Tyler J.
TI Development of an Electronic Seepage Chamber for Extended Use in a River
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; METERS; WATER; VARIABILITY; LAKES; FLUX
AB Seepage chambers have been used to characterize the flux of water across the water-sediment interface in a variety of settings. In this work, an electronic seepage chamber was developed specifically for long-term use in a large river where hydraulic gradient reversals occur frequently with river-stage variations. A bidirectional electronic flowmeter coupled with a seepage chamber was used to measure temporal changes in the magnitude and direction of water flux across the water-sediment interface over an 8-week period. The specific discharge measured from the seepage chamber compared favorably with measurements of vertical hydraulic gradient and previous specific discharge calculations. This, as well as other supporting data, demonstrates the effectiveness of the electronic seepage chamber to accurately quantify water flux in two directions over a multimonth period in this setting. The ability to conduct multimonth measurements of water flux at a subhourly frequency in a river system is a critical capability for a seepage chamber in a system where hydraulic gradients change on a daily and seasonal basis.
C1 [Fritz, Brad G.; Mendoza, Donaldo P.; Gilmore, Tyler J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Fritz, BG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM bradley.fritz@pnl.gov
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 47
IS 1
BP 136
EP 140
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00491.x
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 390GB
UT WOS:000262151200017
PM 18793205
ER
PT S
AU Zerbs, S
Frank, AM
Collart, FR
AF Zerbs, Sarah
Frank, Ashley M.
Collart, Frank R.
BE Burgess, RR
Deutscher, MP
TI BACTERIAL SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTION OF HETEROLOGOUS PROTEINS
SO GUIDE TO PROTEIN PURIFICATION, SECOND EDITION
SE Methods in Enzymology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; LIGATION-INDEPENDENT CLONING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
OSMOTIC SHOCK; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS; PERIPLASMIC PROTEINS; RECOMBINANT
PROTEINS; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; FUSION PROTEINS; RELEASE
AB Proteins are the working molecules of all biological systems and participate in a majority of cellular chemical reactions and biological processes. Knowledge of the properties and function of these molecules is central to an understanding of chemical and biological processes. In this context, purified proteins are a starting point for biophysical and biochemical characterization methods that can assist in the elucidation of function. The challenge for production of proteins at the scale and quality required for experimental, therapeutic and commercial applications has led to the development of a diverse set of methods for heterologous protein production. Bacterial expression systems are commonly used for protein production as these systems provide an economical route for protein production and require minimal technical expertise to establish a laboratory protein production system.
C1 [Zerbs, Sarah; Frank, Ashley M.; Collart, Frank R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Lemont, IL USA.
RP Zerbs, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Lemont, IL USA.
NR 48
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0076-6879
BN 978-0-12-374536-1
J9 METHOD ENZYMOL
JI Methods Enzymol.
PY 2009
VL 463
BP 149
EP 168
DI 10.1016/S0076-6879(09)63012-3
PG 20
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA BMF70
UT WOS:000272201000012
PM 19892172
ER
PT S
AU Hanson, DA
Laitner, JA
AF Hanson, Donald A.
Laitner, John A.
BE Suh, S
TI Input-Output Equations Embedded Within Climate and Energy Policy
Analysis Models
SO HANDBOOK OF INPUT-OUTPUT ECONOMICS IN INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
SE Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TECHNOLOGIES
AB In this paper we show how IO equations for sector outputs and prices are used as part of a larger policy analysis modeling system for energy and climate-related studies. The IO framework is particularly useful because it can accommodate the analysis of both price and direct program expenditure impacts. We briefly discuss the advantages of including non-price programs in any serious climate policy or sustainable energy strategy. Further, we contend that the impacts on the economy from a set of price and program expenditure polices can be seen by comparing constructed IO tables for a future year, such as 2030, with and without these polices. We present the All Modular Industry Growth Assessment (AMIGA) modeling system which has the capability to forecast future IO table values.
C1 [Hanson, Donald A.] Depaul Univ, Chicago, IL 60604 USA.
[Hanson, Donald A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA.
[Laitner, John A.] Amer Council Energy Efficient Econ ACEEE, Washington, DC USA.
RP Hanson, DA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA.
EM dhanson@anl.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1389-6970
BN 978-1-4020-4083-2
J9 ECO-EFFIC IND SCI
PY 2009
VL 23
BP 417
EP 432
D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3
PG 16
WC Ecology; Economics; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences;
Political Science
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics; Engineering;
Government & Law
GA BKC72
UT WOS:000267765400021
ER
PT B
AU Kim, HS
Schmitz, TL
Beckwith, JF
AF Kim, Hyo Soo
Schmitz, Tony L.
Beckwith, John F.
BE Halsey, D
Raynor, W
TI PERIODIC ERROR IN HETERODYNE INTERFEROMETRY: EXAMINATION AND ELIMINATION
SO HANDBOOK OF INTERFEROMETERS: RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DISPLACEMENT-MEASURING INTERFEROMETER; LASER INTERFEROMETER; REAL-TIME;
HOMODYNE INTERFEROMETER; MICHELSON INTERFEROMETERS; OPTICAL
INTERFEROMETRY; 2-BEAM INTERFEROMETER; LENGTH MEASUREMENT;
REFRACTIVE-INDEX; HIGH-RESOLUTION
AB The purpose of this study is to construct, test, and verify a new heterodyne displacement measuring interferometer design that eliminates the current accuracy limitation imposed by periodic error, which appears as a cyclical oscillation of the measured displacement about the true value during motion. In the new design, the two (heterodyne) frequencies are generated and spatially separated using acousto-optic modulators. By removing the potential for overlap and frequency mixing within the interferometer, periodic error is eliminated. The new concept replaces the traditional method of 'polarization coding', where the two beams (with different frequencies) are initially coincident with orthogonal polarization states and then separated using polarization-dependent optics. Experimental results are presented for two arrangements of the new design at multiple target velocities. Spectral content (collected using an analog spectrum analyzer) is analyzed to verify zero periodic error. These results are compared to data collected using a traditional polarization-coded heterodyne interferometer with variations in the optical alignment to demonstrate different levels of first and second order periodic error. Again, frequency spectrum data are provided.
C1 [Kim, Hyo Soo; Schmitz, Tony L.] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Beckwith, John F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Elect Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Schmitz, TL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM tschmitz@ufl.edu
NR 79
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60741-050-8
PY 2009
BP 525
EP 555
PG 31
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BNU98
UT WOS:000275620800015
ER
PT B
AU Watson, A
Opresko, D
Young, R
Hauschild, V
King, J
Bakshi, K
AF Watson, Annetta
Opresko, Dennis
Young, Robert
Hauschild, Veronique
King, Joseph
Bakshi, Kulbir
BE Gupta, RC
TI Organophosphate Nerve Agents
SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LEVEL INHALATION EXPOSURE; CHEMICAL-WARFARE AGENTS; SARIN VAPOR;
GUINEA-PIGS; LONG-TERM; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY;
CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITORS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICES;
INDUCED SEIZURES
C1 [Watson, Annetta; Opresko, Dennis; Young, Robert] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Hauschild, Veronique] US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Occupat & Environm Med, Environm Med Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.
[King, Joseph] US Army Environm Command, ATTN IMAE CDW, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.
[Bakshi, Kulbir] CNR, Comm Toxicol, Board Environm Studies & Technol, Washington, DC 20418 USA.
RP Watson, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1060 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 202
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 9780-0-80-92273-7; 978-0-12-374484-5
PY 2009
BP 43
EP 67
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374484-5.00006-7
PG 25
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA BFT95
UT WOS:000321306800007
ER
PT J
AU Young, RA
Bast, C
AF Young, Robert A.
Bast, Cheryl
BE Gupta, RC
TI Mustards and Vesicants
SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SULFUR MUSTARD; GAS; TOXICITY; AGENTS; RAT; TOXICOKINETICS; TOXICOLOGY;
LEWISITE; NITROGEN; MICE
C1 [Young, Robert A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Bast, Cheryl] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Young, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1060 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 118
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 9780-0-80-92273-7
PY 2009
BP 93
EP 108
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374484-5.00008-0
PG 16
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA BFT95
UT WOS:000321306800009
ER
PT J
AU Bast, CB
Glass, DF
AF Bast, Cheryl B.
Glass, Dana F.
BE Gupta, RC
TI Phosgene
SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; X TIME-DEPENDENCE; INHALATION TOXICITY; INHALED
PHOSGENE; LUNG INJURY; RATS
C1 [Bast, Cheryl B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Glass, Dana F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Bast, CB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 75
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 9780-0-80-92273-7
PY 2009
BP 321
EP 330
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374484-5.00023-7
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA BFT95
UT WOS:000321306800024
ER
PT B
AU Buchko, GW
AF Buchko, Garry W.
BE Gault, PM
Marler, HJ
TI PENTAPEPTIDE REPEAT PROTEINS AND CYANOBACTERIA
SO HANDBOOK ON CYANOBACTERIA: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
SE Bacteriology Research Developments
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DISULFIDE BONDS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MICROCIN B17;
BETA-HELIX; DNA GYRASE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION;
DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; INTRINSIC DISORDER
AB Cyanobacteria are unique in many ways and one unusual feature is the presence of a suite of proteins that contain at least one domain with a minimum of eight tandem repeated five-residues (Rfr) of the general consensus sequence A[N/D]LXX. The function of such pentapeptide repeat proteins (PRPs) are still unknown, however, their prevalence in cyanobacteria suggests that they may play some role in the unique biological activities of cyanobacteria. As part of an inter-disciplinary Membrane Biology Grand Challenge at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) and Washington University in St. Louis, the genome of Cyanothece 51142 was sequenced and its molecular biology studied with relation to circadian rhythms. The genome of Cyanothece encodes for 35 proteins that contain at least one PRP domain. These proteins range in size from 105 (Cce_3102) to 930 (Cce_2929) amino acids with the PRP domains ranging in predicted size from 12 (Cce_1545) to 62 (cce_3979) tandem pentapeptide repeats. Transcriptomic studies with 29 out of the 35 genes showed that at least three of the PRPs in Cyanothece 51142 (cce_0029, cce_3083, and cce_3272) oscillated with repeated periods of light and dark, further supporting a biological function for PRPs. Using X-ray diffraction crystallography, the structure for two pentapeptide repeat proteins from Cyanothece 51142 were determined, cce_1272 (aka Rfr32) and cce_4529 (aka Rfr23). Analysis of their molecular structures suggests that all PRP may share the same structural motif, a novel type of right-handed quadrilateral beta-helix, or Rfr-fold, reminiscent of a square tower with four distinct faces. Each pentapeptide repeat occupies one face of the Rfr-fold with four consecutive pentapeptide repeats completing a coil that, in turn, stack upon each other to form "protein skyscrapers". Details of the structural features of the Rfr-fold are reviewed here together with a discussion for the possible role of end-to-end aggregation in PRPs.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Buchko, GW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60741-092-8
J9 BACTERIOL RES DEV
PY 2009
BP 233
EP 257
PG 25
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA BLV16
UT WOS:000271127500007
ER
PT S
AU Barhen, J
Imam, N
AF Barhen, Jacob
Imam, Neena
BE Shahbazian, E
Rogova, G
DeWeert, MJ
TI SENSOR DATA PROCESSING FOR TRACKING UNDERWATER THREATS USING TERASCALE
OPTICAL CORE DEVICES
SO HARBOUR PROTECTION THROUGH DATA FUSION TECHNOLOGIES
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Data Fusion Technologies for Harbour
Protection
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2005
CL Tallinn, ESTONIA
SP NATO
DE Optical-core processor; sensor net; active sonar;
time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA); matched filters; underwater threat
localization; underwater threat tracking
ID LOCATION; CALIBRATION; DIFFERENCE
AB A critical aspect of littoral surveillance (including Poll protection) involves the localization and tracking Of Underwater threats such as manned or unmanned autonomous Underwater vehicles. In this article, we present a methodology for locating Underwater threat sources from Uncertain sensor network data. and illustrate the threat tracking aspects using active sonars in a matched filter Framework. The novelty of the latter paradigm lies in its implementation on a tera-scale optical core processor, EnLight (TM), recently introduced by Lenslet Laboratories. This processor is optimized for array operations, which it performs in a fixed point arithmetic architecture at tera-scale throughput. Using the EnLight (TM) 64 alpha prototype processor, our results (i) illustrate the ability to reach a robust tracking accuracy, and (ii) demonstrate that a considerable speed-up (a factor of over 13,000) can be achieved when compared to an Intel Xeon (TM) processor in the computation of sets of 80K-sample complex Fourier transforms that are associated with our matched filter techniques.
C1 [Barhen, Jacob; Imam, Neena] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Barhen, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8881-0
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2009
BP 267
EP 282
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8883-4_32
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods; Information Science & Library Science; Remote Sensing; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Remote Sensing;
Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA BIQ39
UT WOS:000262044900032
ER
PT S
AU Brennan, S
Bengaouer, A
Carcassi, M
Cerchiara, G
Evans, G
Friedrich, A
Gentilhomme, O
Houf, W
Kotchurko, A
Kotchourko, N
Kudriakov, S
Makarov, D
Molkov, V
Papanikolaou, E
Pitre, C
Royle, M
Schefer, R
Stern, G
Venetsanos, A
Veser, A
Willoughby, D
Yanez, J
AF Brennan, S.
Bengaouer, A.
Carcassi, M.
Cerchiara, G.
Evans, G.
Friedrich, A.
Gentilhomme, O.
Houf, W.
Kotchurko, A.
Kotchourko, N.
Kudriakov, S.
Makarov, D.
Molkov, V.
Papanikolaou, E.
Pitre, C.
Royle, M.
Schefer, R.
Stern, G.
Venetsanos, A.
Veser, A.
Willoughby, D.
Yanez, J.
GP IChemE
TI TOWARDS MINIMISING HAZARDS IN HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELL STATIONARY
APPLICATIONS: KEY FINDINGS OF MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTAL WORK IN THE
HYPER PROJECT
SO HAZARDS XXI: PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SE Institution of Chemical Engineers Symposium Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 21st Hazards Symposium - Process Safety and Environmental Protection
CY NOV 10-12, 2009
CL Manchester, ENGLAND
SP Inst Chem Engineers (N W Branch)
ID HIGH-PRESSURE
AB There are a number of hazards associated with small stationary hydrogen and fuel cell applications. In order to reduce the hazards of such installations, and provide guidance to installers, consequence analysis of a number of potential accident scenarios has been carried out within the scope of the EC FP6 project HYPER. This paper summarises the modelling and experimental programme in the project and a number of key results are presented. The relevance of these findings to installation permitting guidelines (IPG) for small stationary hydrogen and fuel cell systems is discussed. A key aim of the activities was to generate new scientific data and knowledge in the field of hydrogen safety, and, where possible, use this data as a basis to support the recommendations in the IPG. The structure of the paper mirrors that of the work programme within HYPER in that the work is described in terms of a number of relevant scenarios as follows: 1. high pressure releases, 2. small foreseeable releases, 3. catastrophic releases, and 4. the effects of walls and barriers. Within each scenario the key objectives, activities and results are discussed.
The work on high pressure releases sought to provide information for informing safety distances for high-pressure components and associated fuel storage, activities on both ignited and unignited jets are reported. A study on small foreseeable releases, which could potentially be controlled through forced or natural ventilation, is described. The aim of the study was to determine the ventilation requirements in enclosures containing fuel cells, such that in the event of a foreseeable leak, the concentration of hydrogen in air for zone 2 ATEX is not exceeded. The hazard potential of a possibly catastrophic hydrogen leakage inside a fuel cell cabinet was investigated using a generic fuel cell enclosure model. The rupture of the hydrogen feed line inside the enclosure was considered and both dispersion and combustion of the resulting hydrogen air mixture were examined for a range of leak rates, and blockage ratios. Key findings of this study are presented. Finally the scenario on walls and barriers is discussed; a mitigation strategy to potentially reduce the exposure to jet flames is to incorporate barriers around hydrogen storage equipment. Conclusions of experimental and modelling work which aim to provide guidance on configuration and placement of these walls to minimise overall hazards is presented.
C1 [Brennan, S.; Makarov, D.; Molkov, V.] Univ Ulster, HySAFER Ctr, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland.
[Bengaouer, A.] CEA, DEN, DM2S, SFME LTMF, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Carcassi, M.; Cerchiara, G.] Univ Pisa, Dept Mech Nucl & Prod Engn, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
[Evans, G.; Houf, W.; Schefer, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Friedrich, A.; Kotchourko, N.; Stern, G.; Veser, A.] Pro Sci GmbH, D-76275 Ettlingen, Germany.
[Gentilhomme, O.] INERIS, Explos Dispers Unit, F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France.
[Yanez, J.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, IKET, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Papanikolaou, E.; Venetsanos, A.] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Environm Res Lab, Athens 15310, Greece.
[Royle, M.; Willoughby, D.] Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton SK17 9JN, England.
RP Brennan, S (reprint author), Univ Ulster, HySAFER Ctr, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland.
EM sl.brennan@ulster.ac.uk
FU European Commission
FX The support of the European Commission through the FP6 STREP HYPER
project is greatly appreciated.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
PI RUGBY
PA GEORGE E DAVIS BLDG, 165-171 RAILWAY TERRACE, RUGBY CV21 3HQ, ENGLAND
SN 0374-1753
BN 978-0-85295-536-9
J9 INST CHEM E
PY 2009
IS 155
BP 399
EP 410
PG 12
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA BAU06
UT WOS:000305517200058
ER
PT J
AU Poeton, RW
Glines, WM
McBaugh, D
AF Poeton, Richard W.
Glines, Wayne M.
McBaugh, Debra
TI PLANNING FOR THE WORST IN WASHINGTON STATE: INITIAL RESPONSE PLANNING
FOR IMPROVISED NUCLEAR DEVICE EXPLOSIONS
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE emergencies, radiological; emergency planning; fallout; nuclear weapons
AB Since 11 September 2001, improvised nuclear devices have become recognized as an important radiological threat requiring emergency response planning. Although Protective Action Guidance is well established for fixed nuclear facilities, correspondingly well-developed guidance does not exist for nuclear explosions. The Washington State Department of Health has developed preplanned Protective Action Recommendations for improvised nuclear device explosions. These recommendations recognize the need for advice to the public soon after such an event, before significant data are available. They can be used before significant outside support is available locally, and reference observable effects so people can use them if communications were disabled. The recommendations focus on early actions (24-48 h) and place priority on actions to avoid deterministic health effects due to residual fallout. Specific emphasis is placed on determining recommendations for evacuation, as well as the extent of the area for sheltering. The key recommendations developed for an initial public response are: (1) if there is ready access to robust shelter such as an underground basement or interior spaces in a multi-story structure, immediate sheltering in these areas is the best action, regardless of location; (2) if robust shelter is not available, and if fallout is observed in the area, then evacuation is the best general recommendation for locations within 16 km (10 miles) of the explosion; and (3) beyond 16 km (10 miles), the generally recommended protective action is to shelter in the best-protected location which is readily available.
C1 [McBaugh, Debra] Dept Hlth, Off Radiat Protect, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
[Glines, Wayne M.] US DOE, Richland Operat Off, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Poeton, Richard W.] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
RP McBaugh, D (reprint author), Dept Hlth, Off Radiat Protect, POB 47827, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
EM debra.mcbaugh@doh.wa.gov
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 1
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000326329.89953.5c
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 384CI
UT WOS:000261721500004
PM 19066483
ER
PT J
AU Haji-Sheikh, A
Beck, J
Amos, D
AF Haji-Sheikh, A.
Beck, J. V.
Amos, Donald E.
TI Axial heat conduction effects in the entrance region of circular ducts
SO HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID DEVELOPING FORCED-CONVECTION; EXTENDED GRAETZ PROBLEM; PARALLEL PLATES;
POROUS-MEDIUM; TEMPERATURE; FLOW; MICROCHANNELS; PASSAGES; CHANNEL;
WALLS
AB This paper describes the transport of thermal energy within a small distance after an abrupt wall temperature change in a circular duct. In general, the axial conduction becomes significant when the Peclet number is small. The results indicate that the inclusion of axial conduction in the fluid substantially increases the wall heat flux at near the thermal inlet location. The exact series solution leads to a modified Graetz type problem. This exact solution is augmented by an asymptotic solution describing the wall heat flux near the thermal entrance location.
C1 [Haji-Sheikh, A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Beck, J. V.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Amos, Donald E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Haji-Sheikh, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM haji@uta.edu
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-7411
J9 HEAT MASS TRANSFER
JI Heat Mass Transf.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 331
EP 341
DI 10.1007/s00231-008-0432-2
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
GA 376IZ
UT WOS:000261178600008
ER
PT J
AU D'Aleo, A
Xu, JD
Do, K
Muller, G
Raymond, KN
AF D'Aleo, Anthony
Xu, Jide
Do, King
Muller, Gilles
Raymond, Kenneth N.
TI A [Cyclentetrakis(methylene)]tetrakis[2-hydroxybenzamide] Ligand That
Complexes and Sensitizes Lanthanide(III) Ions
SO HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCULARLY-POLARIZED LUMINESCENCE; NEAR-IR LUMINESCENCE; POLYMER
WAVE-GUIDES; HIGHLY LUMINESCENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATES;
YTTERBIUM; EMISSION; EU(III); EU3+
AB The synthesis of the cyclen derivative H(4)L(1)center dot 2HBr containing four 2-hydroxybenzamide groups is described. The spectroscopic properties of the Ln(III) conplexes of L(1) (Ln = Gd, Tb, Yb, and Eu) reveal changes of the UV/VIS-absorption, circular-dichroism-absorption, luminescence, and circularly polarized luminescence spectra. It is shown that at least two metal-complex species are present in solution, whose relative amounts are pH dependent. At pH > 8.0, an intense long-lived emission is observed (for [TbL(1)] and [YbL(1)]), while at pH < 8.0, a weaker, shorter-lived species predominates. Unconventional Ln(III) emitters (Pr, Nd, Sm, Dy, and Tm) were sensitized in basic solution, both in the VIS and in the near-IR, to measure the emission of these ions.
C1 [D'Aleo, Anthony; Xu, Jide; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[D'Aleo, Anthony; Xu, Jide; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Do, King; Muller, Gilles] San Jose State Univ, Dept Chem, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Raymond, KN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu
FU NIH [HL69832, 2 S06 GM008192-27]; U.S. Department of Energy at the
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Henry
Dreyfus Teacher Scholar Award
FX This work was partially supported by the NIH (Grant HL69832) and
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, and the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences of the U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This
technology is licensed to Lumiphore, Inc. in which some of the authors
have a financial interest. G. M. thanks the National Institute of
Health, Minority Biomedical Research Support (2 S06 GM008192-27) and the
Henry Dreyfus Teacher Scholar Award for financial support.
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 10
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0018-019X
J9 HELV CHIM ACTA
JI Helv. Chim. Acta
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 11
BP 2439
EP 2460
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 528HM
UT WOS:000272434000022
PM 20161476
ER
PT J
AU Dahari, H
Shudo, E
Ribeiro, RM
Perelson, AS
AF Dahari, Harel
Shudo, Emi
Ribeiro, Ruy M.
Perelson, Alan S.
TI Modeling Complex Decay Profiles of Hepatitis B Virus During Antiviral
Therapy
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRAL DYNAMICS; COMBINATION THERAPY; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HBV INFECTION;
IN-VIVO; CLEARANCE; CELLS; LAMIVUDINE; KINETICS; EFFICACY
AB Typically, hepatitis B virus (HBV) decays in patients under therapy in a biphasic manner. However, more complex decay profiles of HBV DNA (e.g., flat partial response, triphasic, and stepwise), for which we have no clear understanding, have also been observed in some treated patients. We recently introduced the notion of a critical drug efficacy, epsilon(c), such that if overall drug efficacy, epsilon(tot), is higher than the critical drug efficacy (i.e., epsilon(tot) > epsilon(c)) then viral levels will continually decline on therapy, while if epsilon(tot), < epsilon(c), then viral loads will initially decline but will ultimately stabilize at a new set point, as seen in flat partial responders. Using the idea of critical efficacy and including hepatocyte proliferation in a viral kinetic model, we can account for these complex HBV DNA decay profiles. The model predicts that complex profiles such as those exhibiting a plateau or shoulder phase, as well as a class of stepwise declines, occur only in patients in whom the majority of hepatocytes are infected before therapy. Conclusion: We show via kinetic modeling how a variety of HBV DNA decay profiles can arise in treated patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:32-38.)
C1 [Shudo, Emi; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Dahari, Harel] Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA.
RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K710,T-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM asp@lanl.gov
OI Ribeiro, Ruy/0000-0002-3988-8241
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DF-AC52-06NA25396]; National Institutes of
Health (NIH) [RR06555]; NIH [P20-RR18754]; University of Illinois
Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease (UIC GILD) Association
FX Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DF-AC52-06NA25396; National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant RR06555 (to
A.S.P); NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) grant
P20-RR18754 (to R.M.R and H.D.); and the University of Illinois
Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease (UIC GILD) Association (to H.D.).
NR 31
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 1
BP 32
EP 38
DI 10.1002/hep.22586
PG 7
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 389WX
UT WOS:000262127400007
PM 19065674
ER
PT S
AU Smith, AW
AF Smith, A. W.
CA VERITAS Collaboration
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI Multi-wavelength Observations of LS I+61 303 with VERITAS, Swift and
RXTE: 2006-2008
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE gamma rays: observations; X-Rays: binaries; X-Rays: individual (LS I+61
303)
ID X-RAY-SPECTRUM; BINARY; LSI+61-DEGREES-303; +61-DEGREES-303
AB A long term, multi-wavelength monitoring campaign on the TeV binary LS I +61 303 has been performed utilizing >300 GeV observations with VERITAS along with monitoring in the 0.2-10 keV band by RXTE and Swift between September 2006 and February 2008. The source was detected by VERITAS as a variable TeV source with flux values ranging from 5-20% of the Crab Nebula flux with the strongest flux levels appearing around apastron. X-ray observations by RXTE and Swift show the source as a highly variable hard X-ray source with flux values varying in the range of 0.5-3 x 10(-11) ergs cm(-2)s(-1) over a single orbital cycle. The 2007-2008 RXTE data set also shows the presence of several extremely large flaring episodes presenting a flux of up to 7.2 x 10(-11) ergs cm(-2)s(-1), the largest such flare recorded from this source. Comparison of the contemporaneous TeV and X-ray data does not show a correlation at this time, however, the sparsity of data sets do not preclude the existence of such a correlation.
C1 [Smith, A. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Natl Labs, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Smith, AW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Natl Labs, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM awsmith@anl.go
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 261
EP 264
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300038
ER
PT S
AU Liu, SM
Fan, ZH
Fryer, CL
AF Liu, Siming
Fan, Zhong-Hui
Fryer, Christopher L.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI Stochastic Electron Acceleration in Shell-Type Supernova Remnants II
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE acceleration of particles; MHD; plasmas; shock waves; turbulence
ID TURBULENCE
AB We discuss the generic characteristics of stochastic particle acceleration by a fully developed turbulence spectrum and show that resonant interactions of particles with high speed waves dominate the acceleration process. To produce the relativistic electrons inferred from the broadband spectrum of a few well-observed sbell-type supernova remnants in the leptonic scenario for the TeV emission, fast mode waves must be excited effectively in the downstream and dominate the turbulence in the subsonic phase. Strong collisionless non-relativistic astrophysical shocks are studied with the assumption of a constant Aflven speed. The energy density of non-thermal electrons is found to be comparable to that of the magnetic field. With reasonable parameters, the model explains observations of shell-type supernova remnants. More detailed studies are warranted to better understand the nature of supernova shocks.
C1 [Liu, Siming; Fryer, Christopher L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Fan, Zhong-Hui] Yunnan Univ, Dept Phys, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, SM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM zhfan@ihep.ac.cn
RI liu, siming/B-5389-2011
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 344
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300059
ER
PT S
AU Sato, R
Kataoka, J
Takahashi, T
Medejski, GM
Rugamer, S
Wagner, SJ
AF Sato, R.
Kataoka, J.
Takahashi, T.
Medejski, G. M.
Ruegamer, S.
Wagner, S. J.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI Suzaku observation of TeV blazar the 1ES 1218+304: clues on particle
acceleration in an extreme TeV blazar
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 1218+304)
ID X-RAY-DETECTOR; BOARD SUZAKU; PKS 2155-304; VARIABILITY; EMISSION
AB We observed the TeV blazar 1ES 1218+304 with the X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku in May 2006. At the beginning of the two-day continuous observation, we detected a large flare in which the 5-10 keV flux changed by a factor of similar to 2 on a timescale of 5 x 10(4) s. During the flare, the increase in the hard X-ray flux clearly lagged behind that observed in the soft X-rays, with the maximum lag of 2.3X10(4) s observed between the 0.3-1 keV and 5-10 keV bands, Furthermore we discovered that the temporal profile of the flare clearly changes with energy, being more symmetric at higher energies. From the spectral fitting of multi-wavelength data assuming a one-zone, homogeneous synchrotron self-Compton model, we obtain a magnetic field strength B similar to 0.047 G, an emission region size R = 3.0 x 10(16) cm for an appropriate beaming with a Doppler factor of delta = 20. This value of B is in good agreement with an independent estimate through the model fit to the observed time lag ascribing the energy-dependent variability to differential acceleration timescale of relativistic electrons provided that the gyro-factor xi is 10(5).
C1 [Sato, R.; Takahashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Kataoka, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo, 1528551, Japan.
[Medejski, G. M.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ruegamer, S.] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
[Wagner, S. J.] Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Sato, R (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 447
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300084
ER
PT S
AU Schroedter, M
Krennrich, F
LeBohec, S
Falcone, A
Fegan, S
Horan, D
Kildea, J
Toner, J
Weekes, T
AF Schroedter, M.
Krennrich, F.
LeBohec, S.
Falcone, A.
Fegan, S.
Horan, D.
Kildea, J.
Toner, J.
Weekes, T.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI Search for Primordial Black Holes with SGARFACE
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE Primordial Black holes: general; Gamma rays: bursts; Techniques:
air-Cherenkov
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COSMIC-RAYS
AB The Short GAmma Ray Front Air-Cherenkov Experiment (SGARFACE) uses the Whipple 10 m telescope to search for bursts of gamma rays. Bursts can be detected on time scales; from a few ns to 20 !s and with gamma-ray energy above 100 MeV. SGARFACE began operating in March 2003 and has acquired 2.2 million events since. A search for explosions of primordial black holes (PBH) was carried out using the recorded time-resolved images. No unambiguous burst detection could be made due to background events produced by cosmic rays, Upper limits on the PBH explosion rare are presented and compared to other experiments.
C1 [Schroedter, M.; Krennrich, F.; Falcone, A.; Toner, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[LeBohec, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[LeBohec, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Fegan, S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Phys & Astron Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Horan, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kildea, J.; Weekes, T.] FLWO, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
[Kildea, J.; Weekes, T.] Univ Ireland, Experimental Phys Dept, Dublin 4, Ireland.
RP Schroedter, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 701
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300150
ER
PT S
AU Maier, G
Buckley, J
Bugaev, V
Fegan, S
Funk, S
Konopelko, A
Vassiliev, VV
AF Maier, G.
Buckley, J.
Bugaev, V.
Fegan, S.
Funk, S.
Konopelko, A.
Vassiliev, V. V.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI The Advanced Gamma-ray Imaging System (AGIS) - Simulation Studies
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes; AGIS
AB The Advanced Gamma-ray Imaging System (AGIS) is a US-led concept for a next-generation instrument in ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. The most important design requirement for AGIS is a sensitivity of about 10 times greater than current observatories like Veritas, H.E.S.S or MAGIC. We present results of simulation studies of various possible designs for AGIS. The primary characteristics of the array performance, collecting area, angular resolution, background rejection, and sensitivity are discussed.
C1 [Maier, G.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Buckley, J.; Bugaev, V.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Fegan, S.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Funk, S.] SLAC, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Konopelko, A.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
RP Maier, G (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
EM maierg@physics.mcgill.ca
OI Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080
FU U.S. DOE [DEFG0391ER40628]
FX J. Buckley acknowledge supprt U.S. DOE grant DEFG0391ER40628.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 862
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300187
ER
PT S
AU Otte, AN
Byrum, K
Drake, G
Falcone, A
Funk, S
Horan, D
Mukherjee, R
Smith, A
Tajima, H
Wagner, RG
Williams, DA
AF Otte, A. N.
Byrum, K.
Drake, G.
Falcone, A.
Funk, S.
Horan, D.
Mukherjee, R.
Smith, A.
Tajima, H.
Wagner, R. G.
Williams, D. A.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI Focal Plane Detectors for the Advanced Gamma-Ray Imaging System (AGIS)
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE AGIS; photon detector; MAPMT; SiPM; G-APD; Cherenkov telescope
AB The Advanced Gamma-Ray Imaging System (AGIS) is a concept for the next generation observatory in ground-based very high energy gamma-ray astronomy. Design goals are ten times better sensitivity, higher angular resolution, and a lower energy threshold than existing Cherenkov telescopes. Simulations show that a substantial improvement in angular resolution may be achieved if the pixel diameter is reduced to the order of 0.05 deg, i.e. two to three times smaller than the pixel diameter of current Cherenkov telescope cameras. At these dimensions, photon detectors with smaller physical dimensions can be attractive alternatives to the classical photomultiplier tube (PMT). Furthermore, the operation of an experiment with the size of AGIS requires photon detectors that are among other things more reliable, more durable, and possibly higher efficiency photon detectors. Alternative photon detectors we are considering for AGIS include both silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and multi-anode photomultipliers (MAPMTs). Here we present results from laboratory testing of MAPMTs and SiPMs along with results from the first incorporation of these devices into cameras on test bed Cherenkov telescopes.
C1 [Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Byrum, K.; Drake, G.; Horan, D.; Smith, A.; Wagner, R. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Funk, S.; Tajima, H.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Mukherjee, R.] Barnard Coll, New York, NY USA.
RP Otte, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
OI Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 866
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300188
ER
PT S
AU Krennrich, F
Anderson, J
Buckley, J
Byrum, K
Dawson, J
Drake, G
Haberichter, W
Imran, A
Krawczynski, H
Kreps, A
Schroedter, A
Smith, A
AF Krennrich, F.
Anderson, J.
Buckley, J.
Byrum, K.
Dawson, J.
Drake, G.
Haberichter, W.
Imran, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Kreps, A.
Schroedter, A.
Smith, A.
BE Aharonian, FA
Hofmann, W
Rieger, FM
TI A Topological Array Trigger for AGIS, the Advanced Gamma ray Imaging
System
SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
CY JUL 07-AUG 11, 2008
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Soc, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, ISEG, PHOTONICS Co
DE Stereoscopic array trigger; future generation instruments; AGIS
AB Next generation ground based gamma-ray observatories such as AGIS(1) and CTA(2) are expected to cover a 1 km(2) area with 50 - 100 imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The stereoscopic view of air showers using multiple view points raises the possibility to use a topological array trigger that adds substantial flexibility, new background suppression capabilities and a reduced energy threshold. In this paper we report on the concept and technical implementation of a fast topological trigger system, that makes use of real time image processing of individual camera patterns and their combination in a stereoscopic array analysis. A prototype system is currently under construction and we discuss the design and hardware of this topological array trigger system.
C1 [Krennrich, F.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Anderson, J.; Byrum, K.; Dawson, J.; Drake, G.; Kreps, A.; Smith, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 64039 USA.
[Buckley, J.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Schroedter, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Krennrich, F (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
FU Iowa State University; Department of Energy through the Advanced
De-tector Research program [DEFG0207ER41497]; Argonne National
Labora-tory through the LDRD program
FX FK acknowledges support by Iowa State University and the Department of
Energy through the Advanced De-tector Research program
(DEFG0207ER41497). KB ac-knowledges the support from Argonne National
Labora-tory through the LDRD program.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0616-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1085
BP 894
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BIX29
UT WOS:000263556300195
ER
PT J
AU Ko, YH
Kim, KJ
Han, CK
Petrovic, C
Hu, RW
Lee, HH
Lee, Y
AF Ko, Y. H.
Kim, K. J.
Han, C. K.
Petrovic, C.
Hu, Rongwei
Lee, H. H.
Lee, Y.
TI Pressure-volume equation of state of FeAu and FePt
SO HIGH PRESSURE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE equation of state; diamond anvil cell; FeAu; FePt
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; BULK ALLOYS; COMPRESSIBILITY; TRANSFORMATION;
NANOPARTICLES; CALIBRATION
AB X-ray diffraction patterns of FeAu and FePt have been measured at pressures up to 55GPa with good signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution using synchrotron radiation. Rietveld analysis has been performed. The structure of FeAu is cubic in space group Fm3m with a lattice parameter a=3.9634 +/- 0.0012 angstrom.A third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state fit to the experimental data yields V0=62.26 +/- 0.05 angstrom 3, with a B0 of 180.6 +/- 4.7GPa and [image omitted]. The structure of FePt is tetragonal in space group P4/mmm with lattice parameters a=b=2.6748 +/- 0.0005 angstrom and c=3.7375 +/- 0.0008 angstrom.A third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state fit to the experimental data yields V0=26.74 +/- 0.01 angstrom 3, with a B0 of 264.1 +/- 9.8GPa and [image omitted].
C1 [Petrovic, C.; Hu, Rongwei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Ko, Y. H.; Kim, K. J.; Han, C. K.] Agcy Def Dev, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
[Hu, Rongwei] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Lee, H. H.] Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790784, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
[Lee, Y.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RP Ko, YH (reprint author), Agcy Def Dev, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
EM yhko@add.re.kr; yongjae@yonsei.ac.kr
RI Hu, Rongwei/E-7128-2012; Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Lee,
Yongjae/K-6566-2016
OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881;
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0895-7959
J9 HIGH PRESSURE RES
JI High Pressure Res.
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 4
BP 800
EP 805
AR PII 916562422
DI 10.1080/08957950903335513
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 557NI
UT WOS:000274675700056
ER
PT J
AU Stapp, DC
AF Stapp, Darby C.
TI An Interview with Roderick Sprague
SO HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Stapp, DC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 15245 SHADY GROVE RD, STE 130, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA
SN 0440-9213
J9 HIST ARCHAEOL
JI Hist. Archaeol.
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 2
BP 135
EP 149
PG 15
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 450SF
UT WOS:000266420400010
ER
PT B
AU Sotomayor, B
Montero, RS
Llorente, IM
Foster, I
AF Sotomayor, Borja
Santiago Montero, Ruben
Martin Llorente, Ignacio
Foster, Ian
GP IEEE
TI Resource Leasing and the Art of Suspending Virtual Machines
SO HPCC: 2009 11TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE
COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and
Communications
CY JUN 25-27, 2009
CL Korea Univ, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE
HO Korea Univ
AB Using virtual machines as a resource provisioning mechanism offers multiple benefits, most recently exploited by "infrastructure-as-a-service " clouds, but also poses several scheduling challenges. More specifically, although we can use the suspend/resume/migrate capability of virtual machines to support advance reservation of resources efficiently, by using suspension/resumption as a preemption mechanism, this requires adequately modeling the time and resources consumed by these operations to ensure that preemptions are completed before the start of a reservation. In this work we present a model for predicting various run-time overheads involved in using virtual machines, allowing us to efficiently support advance reservations. We extend our lease management software, Haizea, to use this new model in its scheduling decisions, and we use Haizea with the OpenNebula virtual infrastructure manager so the scheduling decisions will be enacted in a Xen cluster. We present both physical and simulated experimental results showing the degree of accuracy of our model and the long-term effects of variables in our model on several workloads.
C1 [Sotomayor, Borja] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Santiago Montero, Ruben; Martin Llorente, Ignacio] Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Sotomayor, B (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM borja@cs.uchicago.edu; rubensm@dacya.ucm.es; llorente@dacya.ucm.es;
foster@mcs.anl.gov
RI Martin Llorente, Ignacio/B-2093-2009; Montero, Ruben/C-5346-2008
OI Martin Llorente, Ignacio/0000-0001-6230-8180; Montero,
Ruben/0000-0003-2591-1719
FU Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Fondo Social Europeo
(FSE), through BIOGRIDNET Research Program [S-0505/TIC/000101];
Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, and through the research
[TIN2006-02806]; European Union through the research grant RESERVOIR
[215605]; RESERVOIR; University of Chicago, and the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02- 06CH11357]; NSF [509408]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the hard work of the OpenNebula developers
Javier Fontan and Tino Vazquez. Development of OpenNebula is supported
by Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Madrid, Fondo Europeo de
Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and Fondo Social Europeo (FSE), through
BIOGRIDNET Research Program S-0505/TIC/000101, by Ministerio de
Educacion y Ciencia, and through the research grant TIN2006-02806, and
by the European Union through the research grant RESERVOIR Grant Number
215605. Development of Haizea is supported by RESERVOIR, the University
of Chicago, and the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-
06CH11357. Early work on Haizea was done in collaboration with Dr. Kate
Keahey (Argonne National Laboratory) and funded by NSF grant #509408
Virtual Playgrounds.
NR 23
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-4600-1
PY 2009
BP 59
EP +
DI 10.1109/HPCC.2009.17
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA BMY62
UT WOS:000273922400008
ER
PT S
AU Derr, K
Manic, M
AF Derr, Kurt
Manic, Milos
GP IEEE
TI Multi-Robot, Multi-Target Particle Swarm Optimization Search in Noisy
Wireless Environments
SO HSI: 2009 2ND CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SYSTEM INTERACTIONS
SE Conference on Human System Interaction
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Human System Interactions
CY MAY 21-23, 2009
CL Catania, ITALY
SP Univ Catania, Dept Comp Engn & Telecommun, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Univ Informat Technol & Management, ST, iconics, Schneider
DE fitness; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); Received Signal Strength
(RSS); wireless
ID EXPLORATION; ROBOTS
AB Multiple small robots (swarms) can work together using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to perform tasks that are difficult or impossible for a single robot to accomplish. The problem considered in this paper is exploration of an unknown environment with the goal of finding a target(s) at an unknown location(s) using multiple small mobile robots.
This work demonstrates the use of a distributed PSO algorithm with a novel adaptive RSS weighting factor to guide robots for locating target(s) in high risk environments. The approach was developed and analyzed on multiple robot single and multiple target search. The approach was further enhanced by the multi-robot-multi-target search in noisy environments. The experimental results demonstrated how the availability of radio frequency signal can significantly affect robot search time to reach a target.
C1 [Derr, Kurt] Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Freemont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Manic, Milos] Univ Idaho, Dept Comp Sci, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
RP Derr, K (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Freemont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM derr5843@uidaho.edu; misko@ieee.org
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-2246
BN 978-1-4244-3959-1
J9 C HUM SYST INTERACT
PY 2009
BP 78
EP 83
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BMY60
UT WOS:000273919200015
ER
PT B
AU McQueen, MA
Boyer, WF
AF McQueen, Miles A.
Boyer, Wayne F.
GP IEEE
TI Deception used for Cyber Defense of Control Systems
SO HSI: 2009 2ND CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SYSTEM INTERACTIONS
SE Conference on Human System Interactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Human System Interactions
CY MAY 21-23, 2009
CL Catania, ITALY
SP Univ Catania, Dept Comp Engn & Telecommun, ieo, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Univ Informat Technol & Management, ST, iconics, Schneider
DE Control Systems; Cyber Security; Deception
AB Control system cyber security defense mechanisms may employ deception in human system interactions to make it more difficult for attackers to plan and execute successful attacks. These deceptive defense mechanisms are organized and initially explored according to a specific deception taxonomy and the seven abstract dimensions of security previously proposed as a framework for the cyber security or control systems.
C1 [McQueen, Miles A.; Boyer, Wayne F.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP McQueen, MA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3959-1
J9 C HUM SYST INTERACT
PY 2009
BP 621
EP 628
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BMY60
UT WOS:000273919200107
ER
PT S
AU Rieger, CG
Gertman, DI
McQueen, MA
AF Rieger, Craig G.
Gertman, David I.
McQueen, Miles. A.
GP IEEE
TI Resilient Control Systems: Next Generation Design Research
SO HSI: 2009 2ND CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SYSTEM INTERACTIONS
SE Conference on Human System Interaction
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Human System Interactions
CY MAY 21-23, 2009
CL Catania, ITALY
SP Univ Catania, Dept Comp Engn & Telecommun, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Univ Informat Technol & Management, ST, iconics, Schneider
DE resilience; control systems; complex networks; cyber security; data
fusion
AB Since digital control systems were introduced to the market more than 30 years ago, the operational efficiency and. stability gained through their use have fueled our migration and ultimate dependence on them for the monitoring and control of critical infrastructure. While these systems have been designed for functionality and reliability, a hostile cyber environment and uncertainties in complex networks and human interactions have placed additional parameters on the design expectations for control systems.
C1 [Rieger, Craig G.; Gertman, David I.; McQueen, Miles. A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Rieger, CG (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-2246
BN 978-1-4244-3959-1
J9 C HUM SYST INTERACT
PY 2009
BP 629
EP 638
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BMY60
UT WOS:000273919200108
ER
PT B
AU Gertman, DI
AF Gertman, David I.
GP IEEE
TI Human Factors and Data Fusion as Part of Control Systems Resilience
SO HSI: 2009 2ND CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SYSTEM INTERACTIONS
SE Conference on Human System Interactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Human System Interactions
CY MAY 21-23, 2009
CL Catania, ITALY
SP Univ Catania, Dept Comp Engn & Telecommun, ieo, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Univ Informat Technol & Management, ST, iconics, Schneider
DE Cognition; control systems; data fusion; human factors; human
reliability; resilience; state awareness
ID MODELS
AB Human performance and human decision making is counted upon as a crucial aspect of overall system resilience. Advanced control systems have the potential to provide operators and asset owners a wide range of data, deployed at different levels that can be used to support operator situation awareness. However, the sheer amount of data available can make it challenging for operators to assimilate information and respond appropriately. This paper reviews some of the challenges and issues associated with providing operators with actionable state awareness through data fusion and argues for the over arching importance of integrating human factors as part of intelligent control systems design and implementation. Human factors methods are proposed as a means by which to improve system performance, resilience, and safety.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Gertman, DI (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3959-1
J9 C HUM SYST INTERACT
PY 2009
BP 639
EP 644
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BMY60
UT WOS:000273919200109
ER
PT S
AU Nichol, CI
Manic, M
AF Nichol, Corrie I.
Manic, Milos
GP IEEE
TI Video Game Device Haptic Interface for Robotic Arc Welding
SO HSI: 2009 2ND CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SYSTEM INTERACTIONS
SE Conference on Human System Interaction
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Human System Interactions
CY MAY 21-23, 2009
CL Catania, ITALY
SP Univ Catania, Dept Comp Engn & Telecommun, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Univ Informat Technol & Management, ST, iconics, Schneider
DE Robot tactile systems; Robots; Ergonomics; Haptics
ID TELEOPERATION
AB Recent advances in technology for video games have made a broad array of haptic feedback devices available at low cost. This paper presents a bi-manual haptic system to enable an operator to weld remotely using a commercially available haptic feedback video game device for the user interface. The system showed good performance in initial tests, demonstrating the utility of low cost input devices for remote haptic operations.
C1 [Nichol, Corrie I.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Manic, Milos] Univ Idaho Idaho Falls, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Nichol, CI (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM corrie.nichol@inl.gov; misko@ieee.org
FU INL Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Program under DOE
Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX Work supported through the INL Laboratory Directed Research &
Development (LDRD) Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-2246
BN 978-1-4244-3959-1
J9 C HUM SYST INTERACT
PY 2009
BP 645
EP 650
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BMY60
UT WOS:000273919200110
ER
PT B
AU Brown, AL
Bixler, NE
AF Brown, Alexander L.
Bixler, Nathan E.
GP ASME
TI PLUME RISE CALCULATIONS USING A CONTROL VOLUME APPROACH AND THE DAMPED
SPRING OSCILLATOR ANALOGY
SO HT2008: PROCEEDING OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY AUG 10-14, 2008
CL Jacksonville, FL
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID BUOYANT TURBULENT PLUMES; ENTRAINMENT; THERMALS; LAYER
AB The PUFF code was originally written and designed to calculate the rise of a large detonation or deflagration non-continuous plume (puff) in the atmosphere. It is based on a buoyant spherical control volume approximation. The theory for the model is updated and presented. The model has been observed to result in what are believed to be unrealistic plume elevation oscillations as the plume approaches the terminal elevation. Recognizing a similarity between the equations for a classical damped spring oscillator and the present model, the plume rise model can be analyzed by evaluating equivalent spring constants and damping functions. Such an analysis suggests a buoyant plume in the atmosphere is significantly under-damped, explaining the occurrence of the oscillations in the model. Based on lessons learned from the analogy evaluations and guided by comparisons with early plume rise data, a set of assumptions is proposed to address the excessive oscillations found in the predicted plume near the terminal elevation, and to improve the robustness of the predictions. This is done while retaining the basic context of the present model formulation. The propriety of the present formulation is evaluated. The revised model fits the vast majority of the existing data to +/- 25%, which is considered reasonable given the present model form. Further validation efforts would be advisable, but are impeded by a lack of quality existing datasets.
C1 [Brown, Alexander L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Fire & Aerosol Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brown, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Fire & Aerosol Sci Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4849-4
PY 2009
BP 41
EP 49
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJF84
UT WOS:000265480000006
ER
PT B
AU Wemhoff, AP
Becker, R
Burnham, AK
AF Wemhoff, Aaron P.
Becker, Richard
Burnham, Alan K.
GP ASME
TI CALIBRATION OF CHEMICAL KINETIC MODELS USING SIMULATIONS OF SMALL-SCALE
COOKOFF EXPERIMENTS
SO HT2008: PROCEEDING OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY AUG 10-14, 2008
CL Jacksonville, FL
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; TNT; SOLIDIFICATION; EXPLOSIVES
AB Establishing safe handling limits for explosives in elevated temperature environments is a difficult problem that often requires extensive simulation. The largest influence on predicting thermal cookoff safety lies in the chemical kinetic model used in these simulations, and these kinetic model reaction sequences often contain multiple steps. Several small-scale cookoff experiments, notably Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), One-Dimensional Time-to-Explosion (ODTX), and the Scaled Thermal Explosion (STEX) have been performed on various explosives to aid in cookoff behavior determination. Past work has used a single test from this group to create a cookoff model, which does not guarantee agreement with the other experiments. In this study, we update the kinetic parameters of an existing model for the common explosive 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) using DSC and ODTX experimental data at the same time by minimizing a global Figure of Merit based on hydrodynamic simulated data. We then show that the new kinetic model maintains STEX agreement, reduces DSC agreement, and improves ODTX and TGA agreement when compared to the original model. In addition, we describe a means to use implicit hydrodynamic simulations of DSC experiments to develop a reaction model for TNT melting.
C1 [Wemhoff, Aaron P.; Becker, Richard; Burnham, Alan K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Wemhoff, AP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM wemhoff2@llnl.gov
RI Becker, Richard/I-1196-2013
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4849-4
PY 2009
BP 93
EP 101
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJF84
UT WOS:000265480000012
ER
PT B
AU Noble, CR
Wemhoff, AP
McMichael, LD
AF Noble, Charles R.
Wemhoff, Aaron P.
McMichael, Larry D.
GP ASME
TI THERMAL-STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE MACARTHUR MAZE FREEWAY COLLAPSE
SO HT2008: PROCEEDING OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY AUG 10-14, 2008
CL Jacksonville, FL
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
AB At approximately 3:41 AM on the morning of April 29, 2007, a tractor-trailer rig carrying 8,600 gallons (32.6 m(3)) of fuel overturned on Interstate 880 in Oakland, CA. The resultant fire weakened the surrounding steel superstructure and caused a 50-yard (45.7 m) long section of the above connecting ramp from Interstate 80 to Interstate 580 to fail in approximately 18 minutes. In this study, we performed a loosely-coupled thermal-structural finite element analysis of the freeway using the LLNL Engineering codes NIKE3D, DYNA3D and TOPAZ3D. First, we applied an implicit structural code to statically initialize the stresses and displacements in the roadway at ambient conditions due to gravity loading. Next, we performed a thermal analysis by approximating the tanker fire as a moving box region of uniform temperature. This approach allowed for feasible calculation of the fire-to-structure radiative view factors and convective heat transport. We used a mass scaling methodology in the thermal analysis to reduce the overall simulation time so an explicit structural analysis could be used, which provided a more computationally efficient simulation of structural failure. Our approach showed structural failure of both spans due to thermal softening under gravity loading at approximately 20 minutes for a fixed fire temperature of 1200 degrees C and fixed thermal properties. When temperature-dependent thermal properties were applied, the south and north spans collapsed at approximately 10 minutes and 16 minutes, respectively Finally, we performed a preliminary fully-coupled analysis of the system using the new LLNL implicit multi-mechanics code Diablo. Our investigation shows that our approach provides a reasonable first-order analysis of the system, but improved modeling of the transport properties and the girder-box beam connections is required for more accurate predictions.
C1 [Noble, Charles R.; Wemhoff, Aaron P.; McMichael, Larry D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Noble, CR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM noble9@llnl.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4849-4
PY 2009
BP 511
EP 519
DI 10.1115/HT2008-56109
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJF84
UT WOS:000265480000058
ER
PT B
AU Lee, SY
Bollinger, JS
Garrett, AJ
Koffman, LD
AF Lee, Si Y.
Bollinger, James S.
Garrett, Alfred J.
Koffman, Larry D.
GP ASME
TI CFD MODELING ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL DRAFT COOLING TOWER
SO HT2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2008,
VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY AUG 10-14, 2008
CL Jacksonville, FL
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
DE Cooling Tower; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Heat Transfer; Mechanical
Draft Cooling Tower
AB Industrial processes use mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT's) to dissipate waste heat by transferring heat from water to air via evaporative cooling, which causes air humidification. The Savannah River Site (SRS) has a MDCT consisting of four independent compartments called cells. Each cell has its own fan to help maximize heat transfer between ambient air and circulated water. The primary objective of the work is to conduct a parametric study for cooling tower performance under different fan speeds and ambient air conditions.
The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to achieve the objective. The model uses three-dimensional momentum, energy, continuity equations, air-vapor species balance equation, and two-equation turbulence as the basic governing equations. It was assumed that vapor phase is always transported by the continuous air phase with no slip velocity. In this case, water droplet component was considered as discrete phase for the interfacial heat and mass transfer via Lagrangian approach. Thus, the air-vapor mixture model with discrete water droplet phase is used for the analysis.
A series of the modeling calculations was performed to investigate the impact of ambient and operating conditions on the thermal performance of the cooling tower when fans were operating and when they were turned off. The model was benchmarked against the literature data and the SRS test results for key parameters such as air temperature and humidity at the lower exit and water temperature for given ambient conditions. Detailed modeling and test results will be presented here.
C1 [Lee, Si Y.; Bollinger, James S.; Garrett, Alfred J.; Koffman, Larry D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA.
EM si.lee@srnl.doe.gov; james02.bollinger@srnl.doe.gov;
alfred.garrett@srnl.doe.gov; larry.koffman@srnl.doe.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4848-7
PY 2009
BP 485
EP 493
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics
GA BJG39
UT WOS:000265637100055
ER
PT B
AU Brown, AL
Yoon, SS
Jepsen, RA
AF Brown, Alexander L.
Yoon, Sam S.
Jepsen, Richard A.
GP ASME
TI PHENOMENON IDENTIFICATION AND RANKING EXERCISE AND A REVIEW OF
LARGE-SCALE SPRAY MODELING TECHNOLOGY
SO HT2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2008,
VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY AUG 10-14, 2008
CL Jacksonville, FL
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID LIQUID-DROP IMPACT; SOLID-SURFACES; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION;
SUPERSATURATED VAPOR; FINGERING PATTERN; ENTRAPMENT; COLLISIONS;
TURBULENCE; WALLS; FLAT
AB We are engaged in efforts to model spray phenomena. Applications of principal interest include the high-speed impact of large vessels of fuel and the Subsequent fire. fire suppression, solid propellant fires, pressurized pipe or tank rupture, and tire propagation for cascading liquid fuels. To help guide research and development efforts geared towards designing an appropriate spray modeling capability, a Phenomenon Identification and Ranking exercise was conducted. The summarized results of the exercise in tabular format, a Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table (DIRT), are presented. The table forms the context for a textual literature review of the existing state of knowledge for modeling applications of interest. This exercise highlights some of the shortcomings in existing tools and knowledge, and suggests productive research activities that can help advance the modeling capabilities for the desired applications. Notable needs exist for research in high Weber number particle-surface impacts, particle collisions, multi-physics couplings, and low void fraction multi-phase coupling.
C1 [Brown, Alexander L.; Jepsen, Richard A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brown, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4848-7
PY 2009
BP 569
EP 579
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics
GA BJG39
UT WOS:000265637100065
ER
PT B
AU Dedrick, DE
Kanouff, MP
Larson, RS
Johnson, TA
Jorgensen, SW
AF Dedrick, Daniel E.
Kanouff, Michael P.
Larson, Richard S.
Johnson, Terry A.
Jorgensen, Scott W.
GP ASME
TI HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN METAL HYDRIDE BASED HYDROGEN STORAGE SYSTEMS
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE 2009,
VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
DE hydrogen storage systems; complex metal hydrides; sodium alanates;
reactive porous media; thermal conductivity; permeability; chemical
kinetics; refueling
ID ALUMINUM HYDRIDES
AB Hydrogen storage technologies based on solid-phase materials involve highly coupled transport processes including heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical kinetics. A full understanding of these processes and their relative impact on system performance is required to enable the design and optimization of efficient systems. This paper examines the coupled transport processes of titanium doped sodium alanates (NaAlH(4), Na(3)AlH(6)) enhanced with excess aluminum and expanded natural graphite. Through validated modeling and simulation, we have illuminated transport bottlenecks that arise due to mass transfer limitations in scaled-up systems. Individual heat transport, mass transport, and chemical kinetic processes were isolated and experimentally characterized to generate a robust set of model parameters for all relevant operational states. The individual transport models were then coupled to simulate absorption processes associated with rapid refueling of scaled-up systems. Using experimental data for the absorption performance of a 1.6 kg sodium alanate system, comparisons were made to computed results to identify dominant transport mechanisms. The results indicated that channeling around the compacted porous solid can contribute significantly to the overall transport of hydrogen into and out of the system. The application of these transport models is generally applicable to a variety of condensed-phase hydrogen sorption materials and facilitates the design of optimally performing systems.
C1 [Dedrick, Daniel E.; Kanouff, Michael P.; Larson, Richard S.; Johnson, Terry A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Dedrick, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4356-7
PY 2009
BP 249
EP 260
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQY61
UT WOS:000282106900028
ER
PT B
AU Hopkins, PE
Serrano, JR
Phinney, LM
AF Hopkins, Patrick E.
Serrano, Justin R.
Phinney, Leslie M.
GP ASME
TI THERMAL MODELS FOR DETERMINING THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND THERMAL BOUNDARY
CONDUCTANCE USING PUMP-PROBE THERMOREFLECTANCE TECHNIQUES
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE 2009,
VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID TRANSIENT THERMOREFLECTANCE; HEAT-FLOW
AB Pump-probe transient thermoreflectance (TTR) techniques are powerful tools for measuring thermophysical properties of thin films, such as thermal conductivity, A, or thermal boundary conductance, G. TTR experimental setups rely on lock-in techniques to detect the response of the probe signal relative to the pump heating event. The temporal decays of the lock-in signal are then compared to thermal models to deduce the A and G in and across various materials. There are currently two thermal models that are used to relate the measured signals from the lock-in to the A and G in the sample of interest. In this work, the thermal models, their assumptions, and their ranges of applicability are compared. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are elucidated from the results of the thermophysical property measurements.
C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.; Serrano, Justin R.; Phinney, Leslie M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87195 USA.
RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87195 USA.
EM pehopki@sandia.gov
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4356-7
PY 2009
BP 497
EP 503
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQY61
UT WOS:000282106900055
ER
PT B
AU Hopkins, PE
AF Hopkins, Patrick E.
GP ASME
TI CONTRIBUTION OF D-BAND ELECTRONS TO BALLISTIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND
INTERFACIAL SCATTERING DURING ELECTRON-PHONON NONEQUILIBRIUM IN THIN
METAL FILMS
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE 2009,
VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID HEAT-CONDUCTION; INTERBAND-TRANSITIONS; SPIN DYNAMICS; NICKEL;
NANOPARTICLES; EQUATIONS; LATTICE; SIZE; GOLD; AU
AB Electron-interface scattering during electron-phonon nonequilibrium in thin films creates another pathway for electron system energy loss as characteristic lengths of thin films continue to decrease. As power densities in nanodevices increase, excitations of electrons from sub-conduction-band energy levels will become more probable. These sub-conduction-band electronic excitations significantly affect the material's thermophysical properties. In this work, the effects of d-band electronic excitations are considered in electron energy transfer processes in thin metal films. In thin films with thicknesses less than the electron mean free path, ballistic electron transport leads to electron-interface scattering. The ballistic component of electron transport, leading to electron-interface scattering, is studied by a ballistic-diffusive approximation of the Boltzmann Transport Equation. The effects of d-band excitations on electron-interface energy transfer is analyzed during electron-phonon nonequilibrium after short pulsed laser heating in thin films.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM pehopk@sandia.gov
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4357-4
PY 2009
BP 193
EP 201
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQY66
UT WOS:000282107400024
ER
PT B
AU Phinney, LM
Serrano, JR
Piekos, ES
Torczynski, JR
Gallis, MA
Gorby, AD
AF Phinney, Leslie M.
Serrano, Justin R.
Piekos, Edward S.
Torczynski, John R.
Gallis, Michael A.
Gorby, Allen D.
GP ASME
TI RAMAN THERMOMETRY MEASUREMENTS AND THERMAL SIMULATIONS FOR MEMS BRIDGES
AT PRESSURES FROM 0.05 TO 625 TORR
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE 2009,
VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID SURFACE; PARAMETERS; AMBIENT
AB This paper reports on experimental and computational investigations into the thermal performance of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) as a function of the pressure of the surrounding gas. High spatial resolution Raman thermometry was used to measure the temperature profiles on electrically heated, polycrystalline silicon bridges that are nominally 10 mu M wide, 2.25 mu M thick, and either 200 or 400 mu m long in nitrogen atmospheres with pressures ranging from 0.05 to 625 Torr. Finite element modeling of the thermal behavior of the MEMS bridges is performed and compared to the experimental results. Noncontinuum gas effects are incorporated into the continuum finite element model by imposing temperature discontinuities at gas-solid interfaces that arc determined from noncontinuum simulations. The results indicate that gas-phase heat transfer is significant for devices of this size at ambient pressures but becomes minimal as the pressure is reduced below 5 Torr. The model and experimental results are in qualitative agreement, and better quantitative agreement requires increased accuracy in the geometrical and material property values.
C1 [Phinney, Leslie M.; Serrano, Justin R.; Piekos, Edward S.; Torczynski, John R.; Gallis, Michael A.; Gorby, Allen D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Phinney, LM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4357-4
PY 2009
BP 389
EP 398
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQY66
UT WOS:000282107400048
ER
PT B
AU Brown, AL
AF Brown, Alexander L.
GP ASME
TI IMPACT AND FIRE MODELING CONSIDERATIONS EMPLOYING SPH COUPLING TO A
DILUTE SPRAY FIRE CODE
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
AB Transportation accidents and the subsequent fire present a concern. Particularly energetic accidents like an aircraft impact or a high speed highway accident can be quite violent. We would like to develop and maintain a capability at Sandia National Laboratories to model these very challenging events. We have identified Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) as a good method to employ for the impact dynamics of the fluid for severe impacts. SPH is capable of modeling viscous and inertial effects for these impacts for short times. We have also identified our fire code Lagrangian/Eulerian (L/E) particle capability as an adequate method for fuel transport and spray modeling. A fire code can also model the subsequent fire for a fuel impact. Surface deposition of the liquid may also be acceptably predicted with the same code. These two methods (SPH and L/E) typically employ complimentary length and timescales for the calculation, and are potentially suited for coupling given adequate attention to relevant details. Length and timescale interactions are important considerations when joining the two capabilities. Additionally, there are physical model inadequacy considerations that contribute to the accuracy of the methodology. These models and methods are presented and evaluated. Some of these concerns arc detailed for a verification type scenario used to show the work in progress of this coupling capability. The importance of validation methods and their appropriate application to the genesis of this class of predictive tool are also discussed.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brown, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4358-1
PY 2009
BP 161
EP 171
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRL33
UT WOS:000283010000020
ER
PT B
AU Hewson, JC
Nicolette, VF
Erikson, WW
AF Hewson, John C.
Nicolette, Vernon F.
Erikson, William W.
GP ASME
TI CONSEQUENCES OF SURFACE DEPOSITION OF MOLTEN ALUMINUM IN
HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENTS
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID OXYGEN/NITROGEN MIXTURE STREAMS; SOLID ROCKET PROPELLANT; COMBUSTION;
IGNITION; MODEL
AB In a potential accident scenario with a solid-propellant fire, aluminum present in the propellant and in surrounding structures is exposed to high-temperature environments. The enthalpy present in the aluminum particles is a substantial component of the heat release, both in terms of the particle sensible energy and its chemical energy. This paper examines the consequences of the deposition of aluminum particles present in the propellant in terms of heat transfer to surfaces. Also examined is the possibility that deposited aluminum will ignite in the high-temperature oxidizing environment. The examination is made using a computational fluid dynamics approach with some new models to describe the aluminum oxidation. In addition, these models provide a means to predict the aluminum ignition criteria that will be discussed.
C1 [Hewson, John C.; Nicolette, Vernon F.; Erikson, William W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hewson, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4358-1
PY 2009
BP 201
EP 209
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRL33
UT WOS:000283010000024
ER
PT B
AU Lee, SY
Bollinger, JS
Garrett, AJ
Koffman, LD
AF Lee, Si Y.
Bollinger, James S.
Garrett, Alfred J.
Koffman, Larry D.
GP ASME
TI PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR MECHANICAL DRAFT COOLING TOWER
SO HT2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Heat Transfer Summer Conference
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
DE Cooling Tower; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Heat Transfer; Mechanical
Draft Cooling Tower
AB Industrial processes use mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT's) to dissipate waste heat by transferring heat from water to air via evaporative cooling, which causes air humidification. The Savannah River Site (SRS) has cross-flow and counter-current MDCT's consisting of four independent compartments called cells. Each cell has its own fan to help maximize heat transfer between ambient air and circulated water. The primary objective of the work is to simulate the cooling tower performance for the counter-current cooling tower and to conduct a parametric study under different fan speeds and ambient air conditions.
The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and performed the benchmarking analysis against the integral measurement results to accomplish the objective. The model uses three-dimensional steady-state momentum, continuity equations, air-vapor species balance equation, and two-equation turbulence as the basic governing equations. It was assumed that vapor phase is always transported by the continuous air phase with no slip velocity. In this case, water droplet component was considered as discrete phase for the interfacial heat and mass transfer via Lagrangian approach. Thus, the air-vapor mixture model with discrete water droplet phase is used for the analysis.
A series of parametric calculations was performed to investigate the impact of wind speeds and ambient conditions on the thermal performance of the cooling tower when fans were operating and when they were turned off. The model was also benchmarked against the literature data and the SRS integral test results for key parameters such as air temperature and humidity at the tower exit and water temperature for given ambient conditions. Detailed results will be published here.
C1 [Lee, Si Y.; Bollinger, James S.; Garrett, Alfred J.; Koffman, Larry D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA.
EM si.lee@srnl.doe.gov; james02.bollinger@srnl.doe.gov;
alfred.garrett@srnl.doe.gov; larry.koffman@srnl.doe.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4358-1
PY 2009
BP 211
EP 219
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRL33
UT WOS:000283010000025
ER
PT J
AU Efroymson, RA
AF Efroymson, Rebecca A.
TI Wind Energy: The Next Frontier for Ecological Risk Assessment
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Asheville, NC 28805 USA.
RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 132 Maple Dr, Asheville, NC 28805 USA.
EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov
OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 3
BP 419
EP 422
AR PII 911234197
DI 10.1080/10807030902956318
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 447ZN
UT WOS:000266231000001
ER
PT J
AU Heller, L
Barrowes, BE
George, JS
AF Heller, Leon
Barrowes, Benjamin E.
George, John S.
TI Modeling Direct Effects of Neural Current on MRI
SO HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
LA English
DT Article
DE MRI; MEG; neuronal magnetic field; modeling
ID MICROTESLA MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NEURONAL CURRENTS; HUMAN BRAIN; RESONANCE;
MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; DIPOLE; SIGNAL; MEG
AB We investigate the effect of the magnetic field generated by neural activity on the magnitude and phase of the MRI signal in terms of a phenomenological parameter with the dimensions of length; it involves the product of the strength and duration of these currents. We obtain an analytic approximation to the MRI signal when the neuromagnetically induced phase is small inside the MRI voxel. The phase shift is the average of the MRI phase over the voxel, and therefore first order in that phase; and the reduction in the signal magnitude is one half the square of the standard deviation of the MRI phase, which is second order. The analytic approximation is compared with numerical simulations. For weak currents the agreement is excellent, and the magnitude change is generally much smaller than the phase shift. Using MEG data as a weak constraint on the current strength we find that for a net dipole moment of 10 nAm, a typical value for an evoked response, the reduction in the magnitude of the MRI signal is two parts in 10(5), and the maximum value of the overall phase shift is approximate to 4 . 10(-3), obtained when the MRI voxel is displaced 2/3 the size of the neuronal activity. We also show signal changes over a large range of values of the net dipole moment. We compare these results with others in the literature. Our model overestimates the effect on the MRI signal. Hum Brain Mapp 30:1-12, 2009. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Heller, Leon; Barrowes, Benjamin E.; George, John S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Heller, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lheller@lanl.gov
FU Mental Illness and Neuroscience Discovery Institute (MIND); LANL
FX Contract grant sponsors: Mental Illness and Neuroscience Discovery
Institute (MIND) and LANL.
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1065-9471
J9 HUM BRAIN MAPP
JI Hum. Brain Mapp.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1002/hbm.20484
PG 12
WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 393TW
UT WOS:000262397000001
PM 17990303
ER
PT J
AU Mujica-Parodi, LR
Korgaonkar, M
Ravindranath, B
Greenberg, T
Tomasi, D
Wagshul, M
Ardekani, B
Guilfoyle, D
Khan, S
Zhong, Y
Chon, K
Malaspina, D
AF Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.
Korgaonkar, Mayuresh
Ravindranath, Bosky
Greenberg, Tsafrir
Tomasi, Dardo
Wagshul, Mark
Ardekani, Babak
Guilfoyle, David
Khan, Shilpi
Zhong, Yuru
Chon, Ki
Malaspina, Dolores
TI Limbic Dysregulation is Associated With Lowered Heart Rate Variability
and Increased Trait Anxiety in Healthy Adults
SO HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
LA English
DT Article
DE fMRI; amygdala; anxiety; stress; time-series; prefrontal cortex; control
systems; limbic; connectivity; dynamic; heart rate variability;
autonomic; cardiac; homeostasis
ID ORBITAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRINCIPAL DYNAMIC-MODES; DEXAMETHASONE
SUPPRESSION TEST; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INSULIN TOLERANCE-TEST;
SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; FEAR
EXTINCTION; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
AB We tested whether dynamic interaction between limbic regions supports a control systems model of excitatory and inhibitory components of a negative feedback loop, and whether dysregulation of those dynamics might correlate with trait differences in anxiety and their cardiac characteristics among healthy adults. Experimental Design: Sixty-five subjects received fMRI scans while passively viewing angry, fearful, happy, and neutral facial stimuli. Subjects also completed a trait anxiety inventory, and were monitored using ambulatory wake ECG. The ECG data were analyzed for heart rate variability, a measure of autonomic regulation. The fMRI data were analyzed with respect to six limbic regions (bilateral amygdala, bilateral hippocampus, Broadmann Areas 9, 45) using limbic time-series cross-correlations, maximum BOLD amplitude, and BOLD amplitude at each point in the time-series. Principal Observations: Diminished coupling between limbic time-series in response to the neutral, fearful, and happy faces was associated with greater trait anxiety, greater sympathetic activation, and lowered heart rate variability. Individuals with greater levels of trait anxiety showed delayed activation of Brodmann Area 45 in response to the fearful and happy faces, and lowered Brodmann Area 45 activation with prolonged left amygdala activation in response to the neutral faces. Conclusions: The dynamics support limbic regulation as a control system, in which dysregulation, as assessed by diminished coupling between limbic time-series, is associated with increased trait anxiety and excitatory autonomic outputs. Trait-anxious individuals showed delayed inhibitory activation in response to overt-affect stimuli and diminished inhibitory activation with delayed extinction of excitatory activation in response to ambiguous-affect stimuli. Hum Brain Mapp 30:47-58,2009. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Hlth Sci Ctr T18, Dept Biomed Engn, Lab Study Emot & Cognit, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Tomasi, Dardo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Brookhaven, NY USA.
[Wagshul, Mark] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Ardekani, Babak; Guilfoyle, David] Nathan S Kline Inst Psychiat Res, Ctr Adv Brain Imaging, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA.
[Khan, Shilpi] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Malaspina, Dolores] NYU, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Mujica-Parodi, LR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Hlth Sci Ctr T18, Dept Biomed Engn, Lab Study Emot & Cognit, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM lstrey@stonybrook.edu
RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; Greenberg, Tsafrir /Q-7831-2016;
OI Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne/0000-0002-3752-5519
FU Office of Naval Research [N0014-04-1-005]; National Institutes of Health
[5-M01-RR-10710, K24-MH01699]
FX Contract grant sponsor: the Office of Naval Research; Contract grant
number: N0014-04-1-005; Contract grant sponsor: the National Institutes
of Health; Contract grant number: 5-M01-RR-10710; Contract grant
sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Contract grant number:
K24-MH01699.
NR 85
TC 39
Z9 41
U1 3
U2 14
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1065-9471
J9 HUM BRAIN MAPP
JI Hum. Brain Mapp.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 47
EP 58
DI 10.1002/hbm.20483
PG 12
WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 393TW
UT WOS:000262397000005
PM 18041716
ER
PT J
AU Vivoni, ER
Aragon, CA
Malczynski, L
Tidwell, VC
AF Vivoni, E. R.
Aragon, C. A.
Malczynski, L.
Tidwell, V. C.
TI Semiarid watershed response in central New Mexico and its sensitivity to
climate variability and change
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; RIVER-BASIN; RIO-GRANDE; RAINFALL VARIABILITY;
SYSTEM DYNAMICS; SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; PRECIPITATION;
COLORADO
AB Hydrologic processes in the semiarid regions of the Southwest United States are considered to be highly susceptible to variations in temperature and precipitation characteristics due to the effects of climate change. Relatively little is known about the potential impacts of climate change on the basin hydrologic response, namely streamflow, evapotranspiration and recharge, in the region. In this study, we present the development and application of a continuous, semi-distributed watershed model for climate change studies in semiarid basins of the Southwest US. Our objective is to capture hydrologic processes in large watersheds, while accounting for the spatial and temporal variations of climate forcing and basin properties in a simple fashion. We apply the model to the Rio Salado basin in central New Mexico since it exhibits both a winter and summer precipitation regime and has a historical streamflow record for model testing purposes. Subsequently, we use a sequence of climate change scenarios that capture observed trends for winter and summer precipitation, as well as their interaction with higher temperatures, to perform long-term ensemble simulations of the basin response. Results of the modeling exercise indicate that precipitation uncertainty is amplified in the hydrologic response, in particular for processes that depend on a soil saturation threshold. We obtained substantially different hydrologic sensitivities for winter and summer precipitation ensembles, indicating a greater sensitivity to more intense summer storms as compared to more frequent winter events. In addition, the impact of changes in precipitation characteristics overwhelmed the effects of increased temperature in the study basin. Nevertheless, combined trends in precipitation and temperature yield a more sensitive hydrologic response throughout the year.
C1 [Vivoni, E. R.; Aragon, C. A.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Malczynski, L.; Tidwell, V. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Vivoni, ER (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Bateman Phys Sci Ctr, F Wing,Room 686, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM vivoni@asu.edu
RI Vivoni, Enrique/E-1202-2012
OI Vivoni, Enrique/0000-0002-2659-9459
FU Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); Sandia
University Research Program (SURP); New Mexico Water Resources Research
Institute; Alliance for Graduate Education
FX We acknowledge funding from the Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD), Sandia University Research Program (SURP), New
Mexico Water Resources Research Institute, and the Alliance for Graduate
Education and the Professoriate which sponsored the M. S. thesis in
Hydrology of C. A. Aragon at New Mexico Tech. We thank G. Klise, R.
Mantilla and G. Mascaro for discussions related to the model development
efforts in this work. We also thank three anonymous reviewers, G.
Mascaro and M. Sivapalan for insightful comments that helped improve the
manuscript.
NR 76
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 18
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
EI 1607-7938
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 6
BP 715
EP 733
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 464XO
UT WOS:000267543200002
ER
PT J
AU Sobrino, JA
Jimenez-Munoz, JC
Zarco-Tejada, PJ
Sepulcre-Canto, G
de Miguel, E
Soria, G
Romaguera, M
Julien, Y
Cuenca, J
Hidalgo, V
Franch, B
Mattar, C
Morales, L
Gillespie, A
Sabol, D
Balick, L
Su, Z
Jia, L
Gieske, A
Timmermans, W
Olioso, A
Nerry, F
Guanter, L
Moreno, J
Shen, Q
AF Sobrino, J. A.
Jimenez-Munoz, J. C.
Zarco-Tejada, P. J.
Sepulcre-Canto, G.
de Miguel, E.
Soria, G.
Romaguera, M.
Julien, Y.
Cuenca, J.
Hidalgo, V.
Franch, B.
Mattar, C.
Morales, L.
Gillespie, A.
Sabol, D.
Balick, L.
Su, Z.
Jia, L.
Gieske, A.
Timmermans, W.
Olioso, A.
Nerry, F.
Guanter, L.
Moreno, J.
Shen, Q.
TI Thermal remote sensing from Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner data in the
framework of the SPARC and SEN2FLEX projects: an overview
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ALGORITHM; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
AB The AHS (Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner) instrument has 80 spectral bands covering the visible and near infrared (VNIR), short wave infrared (SWIR), mid infrared (MIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range. The instrument is operated by Instituto Nacional de T,cnica Aerospacial (INTA), and it has been involved in several field campaigns since 2004.
This paper presents an overview of the work performed with the AHS thermal imagery provided in the framework of the SPARC and SEN2FLEX campaigns, carried out respectively in 2004 and 2005 over an agricultural area in Spain. The data collected in both campaigns allowed for the first time the development and testing of algorithms for land surface temperature and emissivity retrieval as well as the estimation of evapotranspiration from AHS data. Errors were found to be around 1.5 K for land surface temperature and 1 mm/day for evapotranspiration.
C1 [Sobrino, J. A.; Jimenez-Munoz, J. C.; Soria, G.; Romaguera, M.; Julien, Y.; Cuenca, J.; Hidalgo, V.; Franch, B.; Mattar, C.; Shen, Q.] Univ Valencia, Global Change Unit, Image Proc Lab, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
[Zarco-Tejada, P. J.; Sepulcre-Canto, G.] CSIC, Inst Agr Sostenible, Cordoba, Spain.
[de Miguel, E.] Inst Nacl Tecnia Aeroespacial, Dpto Observac Tierra Teledetecc & Atmosfera, Madrid, Spain.
[Morales, L.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Agron, Dpto Ciencias Ambientales & Recursos Nat, Santiago, Chile.
[Gillespie, A.; Sabol, D.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, WM Keck Remote Sensing Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Balick, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Su, Z.; Gieske, A.; Timmermans, W.] Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Enschede, Netherlands.
[Jia, L.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Olioso, A.] INRA, Avignon, France.
[Nerry, F.] Louis Pasteur Univ, LSIIT TRIO, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
[Guanter, L.; Moreno, J.] Univ Valencia, Lab Earth Observat, Image Proc Lab, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
RP Sobrino, JA (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Global Change Unit, Image Proc Lab, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
EM sobrino@uv.es
RI Zarco-Tejada, Pablo J./A-6874-2012; Guanter, Luis/I-1588-2015; Guanter,
Luis/B-9836-2009; Timmermans, Wim/D-3850-2009; Jimenez-Munoz, Juan
Carlos/K-2903-2015; Su, Z. (Bob)/D-4383-2009; Romaguera,
Mireia/A-8982-2012; Guanter, Luis/B-2108-2013; Soria Barres,
Guillem/L-9462-2014; Sobrino, Jose/M-1585-2014; Julien,
Yves/M-5224-2014; Mattar, Cristian/P-6711-2014
OI Zarco-Tejada, Pablo J./0000-0003-1433-6165; Guanter,
Luis/0000-0002-8389-5764; Jimenez-Munoz, Juan
Carlos/0000-0001-7562-4895; Olioso, Albert/0000-0001-8342-9272; Soria
Barres, Guillem/0000-0002-3148-9238; Sobrino, Jose/0000-0003-3787-9373;
Julien, Yves/0000-0001-5334-7137;
NR 17
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 13
PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS
PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU
PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 11
BP 2031
EP 2037
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 525QW
UT WOS:000272232400002
ER
PT J
AU Dontsova, K
Steefel, CI
Desilets, S
Thompson, A
Chorover, J
AF Dontsova, K.
Steefel, C. I.
Desilets, S.
Thompson, A.
Chorover, J.
TI Solid phase evolution in the Biosphere 2 hillslope experiment as
predicted by modeling of hydrologic and geochemical fluxes
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID BASALTIC GLASS DISSOLUTION; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; KAOLINITE DISSOLUTION;
COMPUTER-PROGRAM; ROCK INTERACTION; ORGANIC-ACIDS; FREE-ENERGY; PH 8.8;
KINETICS; RATES
AB A reactive transport geochemical modeling study was conducted to help predict the mineral transformations occurring over a ten year time-scale that are expected to impact soil hydraulic properties in the Biosphere 2 (B2) synthetic hillslope experiment. The modeling sought to predict the rate and extent of weathering of a granular basalt (selected for hillslope construction) as a function of climatic drivers, and to assess the feedback effects of such weathering processes on the hydraulic properties of the hillslope. Flow vectors were imported from HYDRUS into a reactive transport code, CrunchFlow2007, which was then used to model mineral weathering coupled to reactive solute transport. Associated particle size evolution was translated into changes in saturated hydraulic conductivity using Rosetta software. We found that flow characteristics, including velocity and saturation, strongly influenced the predicted extent of incongruent mineral weathering and neo-phase precipitation on the hillslope. Results were also highly sensitive to specific surface areas of the soil media, consistent with surface reaction controls on dissolution. Effects of fluid flow on weathering resulted in significant differences in the prediction of soil particle size distributions, which should feedback to alter hillslope hydraulic conductivities.
C1 [Dontsova, K.; Chorover, J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Steefel, C. I.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Desilets, S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Thompson, A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Dontsova, K (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM dontsova@email.arizona.edu
RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010
NR 70
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 18
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 12
BP 2273
EP 2286
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 536QW
UT WOS:000273059900001
ER
PT J
AU Domec, JC
Warren, JM
Meinzer, FC
Lachenbruch, B
AF Domec, Jean-Christophe
Warren, Jeffrey M.
Meinzer, Frederick C.
Lachenbruch, Barbara
TI SAFETY FACTORS FOR XYLEM FAILURE BY IMPLOSION AND AIR-SEEDING WITHIN
ROOTS, TRUNKS AND BRANCHES OF YOUNG AND OLD CONIFER TREES
SO IAWA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Cell wall; embolism; juvenile wood; mature wood; tracheid; water
transport
ID DOUGLAS-FIR TREES; BORDERED PIT FUNCTION; PONDEROSA PINE TREES; FOREST
CANOPY TREES; WATER TRANSPORT; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; WOOD DENSITY;
MECHANICAL STABILITY; ANGIOSPERM VESSELS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST
AB The cohesion-tension theory of water transport states that hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together and that they are pulled through the xylem under tension. This tension could cause transport failure in at least two ways: collapse of the conduit walls (implosion), or rupture of the water column through air-seeding. The objective of this research was to elucidate the functional significance of variations in tracheid anatomical features, earlywood to latewood ratios and wood densities with position in young and old Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine trees in terms of their consequences for the safety factors for tracheid implosion and air-seeding. For both species, wood density increased linearly with percent latewood for root, trunk and branch samples. However, the relationships between anatomy and hydraulic function in trunks differed from those in roots and branches. In roots and branches increased hydraulic efficiency was achieved at the cost of increased vulnerability to air-seeding. Mature wood of trunks had earlywood with wide tracheids that optimized water transport and had a high percentage of latewood that optimized structural support. Juvenile wood had higher resistance to air-seeding and cell wall implosion. The two safety factors followed similar axial trends from roots to terminal branches and were similar for both species studied and between juvenile and mature wood.
C1 [Domec, Jean-Christophe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA.
[Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Domec, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA.
EM jdomec@ncsu.edu
RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012
OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697;
FU USDA-CSREES [NRI 03-35103-13713]; USDA Forest Service Ecosystem
Processes Program [PNW 02-JV-1126952-252]; USDA
FX We thank C. Wilhelmsen for her help with the ponderosa pine
measurements. This work was supported by USDA-CSREES NRI 03-35103-13713,
the USDA Forest Service Ecosystem Processes Program (PNW
02-JV-1126952-252), and a special USDA grant to OSU for wood utilization
research.
NR 71
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 20
PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS
PI LEIDEN
PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0928-1541
J9 IAWA J
JI IAWA J.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 2
BP 101
EP 120
PG 20
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 448JF
UT WOS:000266258200002
ER
PT J
AU Pakin, S
Lang, M
Kerbyson, DJ
AF Pakin, S.
Lang, M.
Kerbyson, D. J.
TI The reverse-acceleration model for programming petascale hybrid systems
SO IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Current technology trends favor hybrid architectures, typically with each node in a cluster containing both general-purpose and specialized accelerator processors. The typical model for programming such systems is host-centric: The general-purpose processor orchestrates the computation, offloading performance-critical work to the accelerator, and data are communicated only among general-purpose processors. In this paper, we propose a radically different hybrid-programming approach, which we call the reverse-acceleration model. In this model, the accelerators orchestrate the computation, offloading work that cannot be accelerated to the general-purpose processors. Data is communicated among accelerators, not among general-purpose processors. Our thesis is that the reverse-acceleration model simplifies porting codes to hybrid systems and facilitates performance optimization. We present a case study of a legacy neutron-transport code that we modified to use reverse acceleration and ran across the full 122,400 cores (general-purpose plus accelerator) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory Roadrunner supercomputer. Results indicate a substantial performance improvement over the unaccelerated version of the code.
C1 [Pakin, S.; Lang, M.; Kerbyson, D. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Pakin, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, 30 Bikini Atoll Rd, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM pakin@lanl.gov; mlang@lanl.gov; djk@lanl.gov
OI Pakin, Scott/0000-0002-5220-1985
FU Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was funded in part by the Advanced Simulation and Computing
program of the Department of Energy. Los Alamos National Laboratory is
operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC for the U.S. Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IBM CORP
PI ARMONK
PA 1 NEW ORCHARD ROAD, ARMONK, NY 10504 USA
SN 0018-8646
EI 2151-8556
J9 IBM J RES DEV
JI IBM J. Res. Dev.
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 5
AR 8
DI 10.1147/JRD.2009.5429074
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA V22EP
UT WOS:000208258800008
ER
PT B
AU Madhavan, R
Lakaemper, R
Kalmar-Nagy, T
AF Madhavan, Raj
Lakaemper, Rolf
Kalmar-Nagy, Tamas
GP IEEE
TI Benchmarking and Standardization of Intelligent Robotic Systems
SO ICAR: 2009 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED ROBOTICS, VOLS 1
AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Advanced Robotics
CY JUN 22-26, 2009
CL Munich, GERMANY
AB From mundane and repetitive tasks to assisting first responders in saving lives of victims in disaster scenarios, robots are expected to play an important role in our lives in the coming years. Despite recent advances in mobile robotic systems, lack of widely accepted performance metrics and standards hinder the progress in many application areas such as manufacturing, healthcare, and search and rescue. In this paper, we outline the importance of the development of standardized methods and objective performance evaluation/benchmarking of existing and emerging robotic technologies. We provide a survey of significant past efforts by researchers and developers around the globe and discuss how we can leverage such efforts in advancing the state-of-the-art. Using an example of designing a 'standard' evaluation toolkit for robotic mapping, we illustrate some of the problems faced in developing objective performance metrics; whilst accommodating the requirements and restrictions imposed by the intended domain of operation and other practical considerations.
C1 [Madhavan, Raj] ORNL, Computat Sci & Engn Div, R&D Staff, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lakaemper, Rolf] Temple Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Kalmar-Nagy, Tamas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Madhavan, R (reprint author), ORNL, Computat Sci & Engn Div, R&D Staff, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM raj.madhavan@ieee.org; lakamper@temple.edu; icar09@kalmarnagy.com
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-4855-5
PY 2009
BP 855
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics
SC Engineering; Robotics
GA BLQ69
UT WOS:000270815500137
ER
PT B
AU Forman, MA
AF Forman, Michael A.
GP IEEE
TI Measurement and Analysis of Horn Antennas with Integrated High Impedance
Surfaces
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
AB Rectangular horn antennas with integrated Sievenpiper high-impedance surfaces are presented. This high. impedance surface approximates a magnetic conductor, allowing TEM propagation within its stopband. This enables the horn antennas to operate at frequencies that would otherwise be below the TE1,0 cutoff frequency. Because the unit cell of a Sievenpiper high-impedance can be arbitrarily small, such an antenna can be reduced in volume arbitrarily. Four antennas in two geometries with metal and high-impedance sidewalls are designed, measured, and compared.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Forman, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9102, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP 249
EP 252
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600063
ER
PT B
AU Jeffery, CA
Roussel-Dupre, R
Colestock, P
AF Jeffery, Christopher A.
Roussel-Dupre, Robert
Colestock, Patrick
GP IEEE
TI Path Length of Curved RF Trajectories through Vertically Stratified and
Isotropic Ionospheres
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
AB Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) require the removal of ionospheric-induced range errors for high geolocation accuracy. At the GHz frequencies used by GNSS, ionospheric correction is calculated by perturbative expansion in plasma frequency assuming a vertically stratified [1] or isotropic [2] ionosphere. Currently, these techniques are limited by formal analytic difficulties in calculating ionospheric dispersion along a curved ray path.
Building on the earlier work of Roussel-Dupre et al. [3], we have developed a new perturbation scheme that overcomes the current difficulties associated with refractive ray bending. In this short paper, we present exact perturbative expressions for excess path length in vertically stratified and isotropic ionospheres, accurate to 6th order in the ratio of plasma frequency to wave frequency.
C1 [Jeffery, Christopher A.; Colestock, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing ISR-2,MS-D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Roussel-Dupre, Robert] Sci Tech Sol, LLC, Santa Fe, NM USA.
[Colestock, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing ISR 2, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Jeffery, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing ISR-2,MS-D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM cjeffery@lanl.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP 348
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600085
ER
PT B
AU Reichhardt, CJO
Libal, A
Reichhardt, C
AF Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
Libal, A.
Reichhardt, C.
GP IEEE
TI Realizing Artificial Ice in Superconducting and Colloidal Systems
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
ID ISING PYROCHLORE MAGNETS; SPIN ICE; ENTROPY; RULES
AB In certain spin models, the geometric spin arrangements frustrate the system since not all of the nearest neighbor spin interaction energies can be minimized simultaneously. A classic example of this is the spin ice system, named after the similarity between magnetic ordering on a pyrochlore lattice and proton ordering in water ice. Spin ice behavior has been observed in magnetic materials such as Ho2Ti2O7, where the magnetic rare-earth ions form a lattice of corner-sharing tetrahedra. The spin-spin interaction energy in such a system can be minimized locally when two spins in each tetrahedron point inward and two point outward, leading to exotic disordered states. There are several open issues in these systems, such as whether long range interactions order the system, or whether the true ground state of spin ice is ordered. We demonstrate how a superconducting vortex version of artificial ice and other frustrated configurations can be realized using nanostructured defect sites, as well as a colloidal version of artificial ice using charged colloidal particles in arrays of elongated optical traps. Using numerical simulations, we show that these systems obey the ice rules of two-spins-in, two-spins-out at each vertex. We find a transition between a random configuration and a long-range ordered ground state as a function of colloid charge, trap size, and screening length. We show that both the ice rule ordering and a thermally-induced order-disorder transition can occur for systems with as few as 24 traps and that the ordering transition can be observed at constant temperature by varying the barrier strength of the traps. For the vortex system, defects in the traps induce grain boundaries of differing densities. These systems can also be used to explore various other types of ordered and frustrated systems with different lattice geometries, such as a honeycomb lattice which prevents the formation of a long-range ordered ground state. Experimental versions of frustrated artificial ice systems could allow for direct visualization of the dynamics associated with frustrated spin systems, such as deconfined or confined spin arrangements, as well as spin dynamics at melting transitions.
C1 [Reichhardt, C. J. Olson; Reichhardt, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Libal, A.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Fys, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
RP Reichhardt, CJO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM cjrx@lanl.gov; andras.libal@gmail.com; charlesr@cnls.lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. W-7405-ENG-36.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP 605
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600149
ER
PT B
AU Keavney, DJ
Cheng, XM
Buchanan, K
Divan, R
Guslienko, KY
AF Keavney, D. J.
Cheng, X. M.
Buchanan, K.
Divan, R.
Guslienko, K. Y.
GP IEEE
TI Non-linear magnetization dynamics and transient domains in ferromagnetic
disks
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
AB The dynamics of nanoscale magnetic structures are of both fundamental interest and primary importance for devices that incorporate nanomagnets into high-speed electronics. One of the principal questions is the behavior of magnetic vortices.
C1 [Keavney, D. J.; Cheng, X. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Buchanan, K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Divan, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Guslienko, K. Y.] Univ Basque, Dept Mat Phys, San Sebastian, Spain.
RP Keavney, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the U. S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP 885
EP 885
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600226
ER
PT B
AU Roshchin, IV
Li, CP
Suhl, H
Batlle, X
Roy, S
Sinha, SK
Park, S
Pynn, R
Fitzsimmons, MR
Mejia-Lopez, J
Altbir, D
Romero, AH
Dumas, R
Liu, K
Schuller, IK
AF Roshchin, Igor V.
Li, Chang-Peng
Suhl, Harry
Batlle, Xavier
Roy, S.
Sinha, Sunil K.
Park, S.
Pynn, Roger
Fitzsimmons, M. R.
Mejia-Lopez, Jose
Altbir, Dora
Romero, A. H.
Dumas, R.
Liu, Kai
Schuller, Ivan K.
GP IEEE
TI Magnetic Vortices in Sub-100 nm Magnets
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
AB Presented is a quantitative study of,the magnetic vortex state and the vortex core in sub-100 nm magnetic dots. Arrays of magnetic nanodots covering over 1 cm(2) are fabricated using self-assembled nanopores in anodized alumina. Transition from a vortex to a single domain state for the Fe dots is studied by magnetization measurements (SQUID, VSM, and MOKE) as a function of the dots size and magnetic field. Micromagnetic and Monte Carlo simulations confirm the experimental observations. Thermal activation and exchange bias have a large effect on the vortex nucleation field. Quantitative analysis of grazing incidence small angle neutron scattering measurements with polarization analysis, performed on 65 nm Fe dots yields the magnetization of the vortex core of 140+/-50 emu/cm(3) and its diameter of 19+/-4 nm, in agreement with the simulations results.
C1 [Roshchin, Igor V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Li, Chang-Peng] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Suhl, Harry; Sinha, Sunil K.; Schuller, Ivan K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Batlle, Xavier] Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Fonamental, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Roy, S.] LBNL, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Park, S.] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Pusan, South Korea.
[Pynn, Roger] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Fitzsimmons, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mejia-Lopez, Jose] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Santiago, Chile.
[Altbir, Dora] Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile.
[Romero, A. H.] CINVESTAV, Dept Mat, Queretaro, Mexico.
[Dumas, R.; Liu, Kai] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Roshchin, IV (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM riv@tamu.edu
RI Batlle, Xavier/H-5795-2012
FU US DOE-BES; KOSEF [R01-2008-000-21092-0]; FONDECYT [1050066, 7070149];
Millennium Science Nucleus [P06-022F]; CONACYT [J-59853-F]; Spanish
CYCIT [MAT2006-03999]; Catalan Dursi [2005BE00028, 2005SGR00969];
University of Barcelona (International Cooperation); NSF; CITRIS
FX This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering
Center (Asterix spectrometer) at LANSCE funded by US DOE-BES. We
acknowledge support from US AFOSR and DOE (DMR-BES); Texas A&M
University, Texas A&M University - CONACYT Collaborative Research Grant
Program, KOSEF (R01-2008-000-21092-0), FONDECYT (1050066, and 7070149),
Millennium Science Nucleus (P06-022F); CONACYT (J-59853-F), Spanish
CYCIT (MAT2006-03999), Catalan Dursi (2005BE00028, 2005SGR00969),
University of Barcelona (International Cooperation), NSF, and CITRIS.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP 1029
EP 1029
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600266
ER
PT B
AU Buchanan, KS
Grimsditch, M
Fradin, FY
Bader, SD
Novosad, V
AF Buchanan, K. S.
Grimsditch, M.
Fradin, F. Y.
Bader, S. D.
Novosad, V.
GP IEEE
TI Vortex dynamics in patterned nanomagnets
SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications
(ICEAA 2009)
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Torino, ITALY
C1 [Buchanan, K. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Buchanan, K. S.; Bader, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Grimsditch, M.; Fradin, F. Y.; Bader, S. D.; Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Buchanan, KS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM kbuchan@colostate.edu
RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Work at Argonne National Laboratory, including use of the Center for
Nanoscale Materials, is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3385-8
PY 2009
BP CP1
EP CP1
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BOY29
UT WOS:000278037600256
ER
PT B
AU Berry, DL
Callan, BR
AF Berry, Dennis L.
Callan, Bart R.
GP ASME
TI SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT - A USER'S PERSPECTIVE: SUMMARY OF PANEL
DISCUSSIONS AND FINDINGS FROM WM'07 IN TUCSON, ARIZONA SAND2007-4931C
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
AB A global partnership between nuclear energy supplier nations and user nations could enable the safe and secure expansion of nuclear power throughout the world. Although it is likely that supplier nations and their industries would be anxious to sell reactors and fuel services as part of this partnership, their commitment to close the fuel cycle (i.e., permanently take back fuel and high-level waste) remains unclear. At the 2007 Waste Management Symposia in Tucson, Arizona, USA, a distinguished international panel explored fuel take back and waste disposal from the perspective of current and prospective user nations. This paper reports on the findings of that panel and presents a path for policy makers to move forward with the partnership vision.
C1 [Berry, Dennis L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Nucl Energy Programs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Berry, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Nucl Energy Programs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 15
EP 18
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100003
ER
PT B
AU Cournoyer, ME
Schreiber, S
Chunglo, SD
AF Cournoyer, Michael E.
Schreiber, Stephen
Chunglo, Steve D.
GP ASME
TI USING PRESSURE DECAY METHODOLOGY TO DETECT GLOVEBOX GLOVE FAILURES
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
AB At the Los Alamos National Laboratory Plutonium's Facility (TA-55), various isotopes of plutonium along with other actinides are handled in a glove box environment. Data collected from 700 unplanned openings in the glovebox environment indicate that 40% of these ruptures are glove failures, openings in the glove caused by degradation of the mechanical properties over time, e.g. exposure to chemicals and nuclear materials. The primary means of minimizing these types of glove failures is, through a robust glove inspection program. Through a collaborative effort with Getinge La Calhene, we have beta-tested their In-situ Glove Leak Tester (GLT2) in an active ventilation glovebox environment. This instrument tests glovebox gloves in place and uses pressure decay methodology, to tests up to four gloves at a time, in less than 5 minutes per test, and provides documentation of each test. While the GLT2 has been successful in static pressure enclosures that are possible in the pharmaceutical industry, the uninterruptible active negative pressure gloveboxes used in the nuclear industry present a new set of issues. In the following report, these issues are addressed and the limits of this technology defined, with the end result being that waste generated from glove failures has been minimized.
C1 [Cournoyer, Michael E.; Schreiber, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Cournoyer, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 97
EP 102
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100014
ER
PT B
AU Law, J
Peterman, D
Riddle, C
Meikrantz, D
Todd, T
AF Law, Jack
Peterman, Dean
Riddle, Cathy
Meikrantz, David
Todd, Terry
GP ASME
TI ADVANCES IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISSION PRODUCT EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR
THE SEPARATION OF CESIUM AND STRONTIUM FROM SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
ID WASTE; 1,3-ALTERNATE; SOLVENT; ETHERS; CROWN
AB The Fission Product Extraction (FPEX) Process is being developed as part of the United States Department of Energy Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative for the simultaneous separation of cesium,(Cs) and strontium (Sr) from spent light water reactor (LWR) fuel. Separation of the Cs and Sr will reduce the short-term heat load in a geological repository, and when combined with the separation of americium (Am) and curium (Cm), could increase the capacity of the geological repository by a factor of approximately 100. The FPEX process is based on two highly specific extractants: 4,4',(5')-Di-(t-butyldicyclo-hexano)-18-crown-6 (DtBuCH18C6) and Calix[4]arene-bis-(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOBCalixC6). The DtBuCH18C6 extractant is selective for strontium and the BOBCalixC6 extractant is selective for cesium. Results of flowsheet testing of the FPEX process with a simulated feed solution in 3.3-cm centrifugal contactors are detailed. Removal efficiencies, distribution coefficient data, coextraction of metals, and process hydrodynamic performance are discussed along with recommendations for future flowsheet testing with actual spent nuclear fuel.
C1 [Law, Jack; Peterman, Dean; Riddle, Cathy; Meikrantz, David; Todd, Terry] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Law, J (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
OI Todd, Terry/0000-0003-1324-6950; Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542; Riddle,
Catherine/0000-0002-9667-7707
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 525
EP 528
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100080
ER
PT B
AU Goyal, KK
Carson, PH
Enriquez, AE
AF Goyal, Kapil K.
Carson, Peter H.
Enriquez, Alejandro E.
GP ASME
TI CURRENT TRENDS FOR PACKAGING TRANSURANIC WASTE AT LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL
LABORATORY (LA-UR-07-4785)
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
AB Transuranic (TRU) waste leaving the Plutonium Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is packaged using LANL's waste acceptance criteria for onsite storage. Before shipment to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico, each payload container is subject to rigorous characterization to ensure compliance with WIPP waste acceptance criteria and Department of Transportation regulations. Techniques used for waste characterization include nondestructive examination by WIPP-certified real-time radiography (RTR) and nondestructive assay (NDA) of containers, as well as headspace gas sampling to ensure hydrogen and other flammable gases remain at safe levels during transport. These techniques are performed under a rigorous quality assurance program to confirm that results are accurate and reproducible. If containers are deemed problematic, corrective action is taken before shipment to WIPP. Currently this activity is possible only at the Laboratory's Waste Characterization, Reduction, and Repackaging Facility.
To minimize additional waste requiring remediation, WIPP waste acceptance criteria must be applied at the point of waste generation. Additional criteria stem from limitations of RTR or NDA instruments or lack of appropriate sampling and analysis.
This paper presents the changes that have been implement(A at the Plutonium Facility and gives readers a preview of what LANL expects to accomplish to expeditiously certify and dispose of newly generated TRU waste.
C1 [Goyal, Kapil K.; Carson, Peter H.; Enriquez, Alejandro E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Goyal, KK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 663
EP 666
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100104
ER
PT B
AU Whitaker, W
Bergren, C
Flora, M
AF Whitaker, Wade
Bergren, Chris
Flora, Mary
GP ASME
TI UTILIZING THE RIGHT MIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP TECHNOLOGIES
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
AB The Savannah River Site (SRS) Figure I is a 310-square-mile United States Department of Energy nuclear facility located along the Savannah River near Aiken, South Carolina. During operations, which started in 1951, hazardous substances (chemicals and radionuclides) were released to the environment. The releases occurred as a result of inadvertent spills and waste disposal in unlined pits and basins which was common practice before environmental regulations existed. The hazardous substances have migrated to the vadose zone and groundwater in many areas of the SRS, resulting in 515 waste units that are required by environmental regulations, to undergo characterization and, if needed, remediation. In the initial years of the SRS environmental cleanup program (early 1990s), the focus was to use common technologies (such as pump and treat, air stripping, excavation and removal) that actively and tangibly removed contamination. Exclusive use of these technologies required continued and significant funding while often failing to meet acceptable clean-up goals and objectives. Recognizing that a more cost-effective approach was needed, SRS implemented new and complementary remediation methods focused on active and passive technologies targeted to solve specific remediation problems. Today, SRS uses technologies such as chemical / pH-adjusting injection, phytoremediation, underground cutoff walls, dynamic underground stripping, soil fracturing, microbial degradation, baroballs, electrical resistance heating, soil vapor extraction, and microblowers to more effectively treat contamination at lower costs.
Additionally, SRS's remediation approach cost effectively maximizes cleanup as SRS works proactively with multiple regulatory agencies. Using GIS, video, animation, and graphics, SRS is able to provide an accurate depiction of the evolution of SRS groundwater and vadose zone cleanup activities to convince stakeholders and regulators of the effectiveness of various cleanup technologies. Remediating large, complex groundwater plumes using state of-the art technologies and approaches is a hallmark of years of experience and progress. Environmental restoration at SRS continues to be a challenging and dynamic process as new cleanup technologies and approaches are adopted.
C1 [Whitaker, Wade] US DOE, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Whitaker, W (reprint author), US DOE, Bldg 730-B, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM wade.whitaker@srs.gov; chris.bergren@srs.gov; mary.flora@srs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 1025
EP 1030
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100162
ER
PT B
AU MacDonell, M
Finster, M
Peterson, J
Hildebrand, RD
AF MacDonell, Margaret
Finster, Molly
Peterson, John
Hildebrand, R. Douglas
GP ASME
TI INTEGRATED FATE AND TOXICITY ASSESSMENT FOR SITE CONTAMINANTS
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
AB Understanding the fate and toxicity of environmental contaminants is essential to framing practical management decisions. Forms and bioavailable concentrations often change over time due to natural physical, chemical, and biological processes. For some sites, hundreds of contaminants may be of initial interest, and even small projects can involve a substantial number of contaminants. With multiple assessments common, attention to effectiveness and efficiency is important, and integrating fate and toxicity information provides a valuable way to focus the analyses. Fate assessments help identify what forms may be present where and when, while toxicity information indicates what health effects could result if people were exposed. The integration process is illustrated by an application for the Hanford site, to support long-term management decisions for the cesium and strontium. capsules. Fate data, health-based benchmarks, and related toxicity information were effectively combined to indicate performance targets for chemicals and radionuclides identified. for capsule leachate that could migrate to groundwater. More than 50 relevant benchmarks and toxicity context were identified for 15 of the 17 study contaminants; values for chronic drinking water exposure provided the common basis for selected indicators. For two chemicals, toxicity information was identified from the scientific literature to guide the performance targets.
C1 [MacDonell, Margaret; Finster, Molly; Peterson, John] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP MacDonell, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 1299
EP 1305
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100201
ER
PT B
AU Linda, O
Vollmer, T
Manic, M
AF Linda, Ondrej
Vollmer, Todd
Manic, Milos
GP IEEE
TI SVM-Inspired Dynamic Safe Navigation Using Convex Hull Construction
SO ICIEA: 2009 4TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1-6
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications
CY MAY 25-27, 2009
CL Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP IEEE, Ind Elect Chapter Singapore, NW Polytechn Univ, IEEE Xian Sect, IEEE Control Sys Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Inst Engn & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Informat Acquist & Proc
DE Autonomous Navigation; Convex Hull; Machine Learning; Support Vector
Machines
AB The navigation of mobile robots or unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs) in an environment full of obstacles has a significant impact on its safety. If the robot maneuvers too close to an obstacle, it increases the probability of an accident. Preventing this is crucial in dynamic environments, where the obstacles, such as other UAVs, are moving. This kind of safe navigation is needed in any autonomous movement application but it is of a vital importance in applications such as automated transportation of nuclear or chemical waste. This paper presents the Maximum Margin Search using a Convex Hull construction (MMS-CH), an algorithm for a fast construction of a maximum margin between sets of obstacles and its maintenance as the input data are dynamically altered. This calculation of the safest path is inspired by the Support Vector Machines (SVM). It utilizes the convex hull construction to preprocess the input data and uses the boundaries of the hulls to search for the optimal margin. The MMS-CH algorithm takes advantage of the elementary geometrical properties of the 2-dimensional Euclidean space resulting in 1) significant reduction of the problem complexity by eliminating irrelevant data; 2) computationally less expensive approach to maximum margin calculation than standard SVM-based techniques; and 3) inexpensive recomputation of the solution suitable for real time dynamic applications.
C1 [Linda, Ondrej; Manic, Milos] Univ Idaho, Dept Comp Sci, 1776 Sci Ctr Dr,Ste 306, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Vollmer, Todd] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Linda, O (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Comp Sci, 1776 Sci Ctr Dr,Ste 306, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
EM lind0812@vandals.uidaho.edu; Todd.Vollmer@inl.gov; misko@ieee.org
FU Idaho National Laboratory and University of Idaho Nuclear Engineering
Program
FX The authors would like to thank the Idaho National Laboratory and
University of Idaho Nuclear Engineering Program for providing support
for this project.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-2799-4
PY 2009
BP 992
EP +
PG 2
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering
GA BMO85
UT WOS:000273183200191
ER
PT B
AU Vollmer, DT
Manic, M
AF Vollmer, Denis Todd
Manic, Milos
GP IEEE
TI CI-PASM - Computational Intelligence Based Prognostic Automotive System
Model
SO ICIEA: 2009 4TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND
APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1-6
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications
CY MAY 25-27, 2009
CL Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP IEEE, Ind Elect Chapter Singapore, NW Polytechn Univ, IEEE Xian Sect, IEEE Control Sys Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Inst Engn & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Informat Acquist & Proc
DE Neural Networks; Support Vector Machines; Road Vehicles; Regression
AB In an ideal case physically oriented vehicle models can reduce the required practical knowledge of a vehicle designer. These types of models are effective cost reducing tools used in industrial development cycles. There are many variables that can be used as input both internal and external to model automobile performance. The focus of this paper is on those external variable factors such as environment conditions that are not controllable by a human but are instantaneously measurable and affect performance. This paper presents CI-PASM, A Computational Intelligence Based Prognostic Automotive System Model. Initial feature reduction was accomplished by a human expert. Principal Component Analysis was performed to further reduce the input set. Using expert chosen features, the CI-PASM algorithm produced results having an error at worst in the hundredths of a second. These output results were compared against a support vector machine implementation and were shown to be superior. The CI-PASM mean error was half that of the support vector machine error. Results from using PCA attributes and a support vector machine indicated that these are relevant alternative methods given different requirements.
C1 [Vollmer, Denis Todd] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Manic, Milos] Univ Idaho, Dept Comp Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
RP Vollmer, DT (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM denis.vollmer@inl.gov; misko@uidaho.ed
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-2799-4
PY 2009
BP 3705
EP +
PG 2
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering
GA BMO85
UT WOS:000273183201345
ER
PT B
AU Escobar, JA
Pakalapati, SR
Nanduri, JR
Celik, IB
AF Escobar, Jose A.
Pakalapati, Suryanarayana R.
Nanduri, Jagannath R.
Celik, Ismail B.
GP ASME
TI DIRECT SIMULATION OF MASS TRANSPORT IN A SOFC CATHODE USING
MICROCHANNELS
SO ICNMM 2009, PTS A-B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and
Minichannels
CY JUN 22-24, 2009
CL Pohang, SOUTH KOREA
SP ASME
ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; GAS-TRANSPORT; ANODE;
PERFORMANCE; FLOWS; US
AB Fuel cells are clean and efficient power generation devices which are being widely investigated under the efforts to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), especially, are suitable for stationary power generation using a wide range of alternative fuels. Performance of a SOFC strongly depends on the mass transport inside the porous electrodes which are essentially composed of a network of microchannels. In this study the mass transport inside a SOFC cathode is studied using direct simulation of mass transport in microchannels along with statistical analysis. A virtual cathode is built using microchannels that are representative of continuous flow paths between the cathode/air stream interface and cathode/electrolyte interface of a SOFC. Different representative microchannel flow paths are built with varying tortuosity and channel diameters. The numbers of channels of each kind are chosen according to a normal distribution and they are randomly arranged in an appropriately sized cuboid to construct a unit block of the virtual cathode. The normal distribution is modulated with average and standard deviation values for real world electrodes found in literature. Microchannels are tightly packed to achieve the desired porosity. Mass transport in each of the channels is studied separately using commercial CFD software FLUENT. Three dimensional simulations of momentum and specie transport equations (for oxygen and nitrogen) are performed. The results from individual channel simulations are used to assess the global mass transfer characteristics of the virtual cathode. Results obtained using this approach will be compared with those from a continuum Fick's law type diffusion model used to simulate mass transport in porous media. The primary objective is to test the assumptions employed within the context of continuum mass transport model.
C1 [Escobar, Jose A.; Pakalapati, Suryanarayana R.; Nanduri, Jagannath R.; Celik, Ismail B.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Escobar, JA (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM jescobar@mix.wvu.edu; raju.pakalapati@mail.wvu.edu;
Jaggu.nanduri@mail.wvu.edu; Ismail.celik@mail.wvu.edu
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4349-9
PY 2009
BP 329
EP 336
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BTB99
UT WOS:000286415600046
ER
PT B
AU Mukherjee, PP
AF Mukherjee, Partha P.
GP ASME
TI CAPILLARITY, WETTABILITY AND INTERFACIAL DYNAMICS IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE
FUEL CELLS
SO ICNMM 2009, PTS A-B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and
Minichannels
CY JUN 22-24, 2009
CL Pohang, SOUTH KOREA
SP ASME
ID LIQUID WATER TRANSPORT; DIFFUSION MEDIUM; POROUS-MEDIA; MODELS; LAYER;
FLOWS; PEFC
AB In the present scenario of a global initiative toward a sustainable energy future, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) has emerged as one of the most promising alternative energy conversion devices for different applications. Despite tremendous progress in recent years, a pivotal performance/durability limitation in the PEFC arises from liquid water transport, perceived as the Holy Grail in PEFC operation. The porous catalyst layer (CL), fibrous gas diffusion layer (GDL) and flow channels play a crucial role in the overall PEFC performance due to the transport limitation in the presence of liquid water and flooding phenomena. Although significant research, both theoretical and experimental, has been performed, there is serious paucity of fundamental understanding regarding the underlying structure-transport-performance interplay in the PEFC. The inherent complex morphologies, micro-scale transport physics involving coupled multiphase, multicomponent, electrochemically reactive phenomena and interfacial interactions in the constituent components pose a formidable challenge. In this paper, the impact of capillary transport, wetting characteristics and interfacial dynamics on liquid water transport is presented based on a comprehensive mesoscopic modeling framework with the objective to gain insight into the underlying electrodics, two-phase dynamics and the intricate structure-transport-interface interactions in the PEFC.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM partham@lanl.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4349-9
PY 2009
BP 1337
EP 1342
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BTB99
UT WOS:000286415600177
ER
PT B
AU Cumblidge, SE
Doctor, SR
Bond, LJ
Taylor, TT
Lupo, TR
Hull, AB
Malik, SN
AF Cumblidge, Stephen E.
Doctor, Steven R.
Bond, Leonard J.
Taylor, Tom T.
Lupo, Timothy R.
Hull, Amy B.
Malik, Shah N.
GP ASME
TI ANALYSIS OF EMERGING NDE TECHNIQUES- METHODS FOR EVALUATING AND
IMPLEMENTING CONTINUOUS ONLINE MONITORING
SO ICONE 17: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR
ENGINEERING, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
AB There are approximately 440 operating reactors in the global nuclear power plant (NPP) fleet with an average age greater than 20 years and original design lives of 30 or 40 years. The United States is currently implementing license extensions of 20 years on many plants, and consideration is now being given to the concept of "life-beyond-60", license extension from 60 to 80 years and potentially longer In almost all countries with NPPs, authorities are looking at some form of license renewal program In support of NPP license renewal over the past decade, various national and international programs have been initiated.
One of the goals of the program for the proactive management of materials degradation (PMMD) is to manage proactively the in-service degradation of metallic components in aging NPPs As some forms of degradation, such as stress corrosion cracking, are characterized by a long initiation time followed by a rapid growth phase, new inspection or monitoring technologies may be required. New nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques that may be needed include techniques to find stress corrosion cracking (SCC) precursors, on-line monitoring techniques to detect cracks as they initiate and grow, as well as advances in NDE technologies. This paper reports on the first part of the development of a methodology to determine the effectiveness of these emerging NDE techniques for managing metallic degradation. This methodology will draw from experience derived from evaluating techniques that have "emerged' in the past. The methodology will follow five stages: a definition of inspection parameters, a technical evaluation, laboratory testing, round robin testing, and the design of a performance demonstration program. This methodology will document the path taken for previous techniques and set a standardized course for future NDE techniques. This paper then applies the expert review section of the methodology to the acoustic emission technique to evaluate the use of acoustic emission in performing continuous online monitoring of reactor components.
C1 [Cumblidge, Stephen E.; Doctor, Steven R.; Bond, Leonard J.; Taylor, Tom T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Cumblidge, SE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4351-2
PY 2009
BP 449
EP 457
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRE08
UT WOS:000282466100055
ER
PT B
AU Oh, CH
Kim, ES
Schultz, R
Petti, D
Kang, HS
AF Oh, Chang H.
Kim, Eung S.
Schultz, Richard
Petti, David
Kang, Hyung S.
GP ASME
TI COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSES ON VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR
AIR INGRESS
SO ICONE 17: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR
ENGINEERING, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID DIFFUSION
AB A preliminary computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to understand density-gradient-induced stratified flow in a Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) air-ingress accident. Various parameters were taken into consideration, including turbulence model, core temperature, initial air mole-fraction, and flow resistance in the core. The gas turbine modular helium reactor (GT-MlIR) 600 MWt was selected as the reference reactor and it was simplified to be 2-D geometry in modeling. The core and the lower plenum were assumed to be porous bodies. Following the preliminary CFD results, the analysis of the air-ingress accident has been performed by two different codes: GAMMA code (system analysis code, Oh et al. 2006) and FLUENT CFD code (Fluent 2007). Eventually, the analysis results showed that the actual onset time of natural convection (similar to 160 sec) would be significantly earlier than the previous predictions (similar to 150 hours) calculated based on the molecular diffusion air-ingress mechanism This leads to the conclusion that the consequences of this accident will be much more serious than previously expected.
C1 [Oh, Chang H.; Kim, Eung S.; Schultz, Richard; Petti, David] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Oh, CH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Chang.Oh@inl.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4351-2
PY 2009
BP 943
EP 949
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRE08
UT WOS:000282466100115
ER
PT B
AU Riemke, RA
Davis, CB
Schultz, RR
AF Riemke, Richard A.
Davis, Cliff B.
Schultz, Richard R.
GP ASME
TI RECENT HYDRODYNAMICS IMPROVEMENTS TO THE RELAP5-3D CODE
SO ICONE 17: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR
ENGINEERING, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
AB The hydrodynamics section of the RELAP5-3D computer program has been recently improved. Changes were made as follows: (1) improved turbine model, (2) spray model for the pressurizer model, (3) feedwater heater model, (4) radionuclide transport model, (5) improved pump model, and (6) compressor model. These changes will be discussed.
C1 [Riemke, Richard A.; Davis, Cliff B.; Schultz, Richard R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Riemke, RA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Richard.Riemke@inl.gov; Cliff.Davis@inl.gov; Richard.Schultz@inl.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4353-6
PY 2009
BP 353
EP 357
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRE11
UT WOS:000282466600043
ER
PT B
AU Wilde, T
McEvoy, T
Holmes, R
Sandquist, GM
AF Wilde, Taunia
McEvoy, Tim
Holmes, Richard
Sandquist, Gary M.
GP ASME
TI REVIEW AND IMPACT EVALUATION OF ASME NQA-1 (2008)
SO ICONE17, VOL 4
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
DE ASME; NQA-1; NRC; DOE; QUALITY; QA
AB ASME has issued a 2008 revision to the Nuclear Quality Assurance Standard, NQA-1 that impacts the siting design, construction, startup and operations of new generation nuclear power plant designs as well as other nuclear facilities. In view of new nuclear plants recently certified by the NRC, the NQA-1 2008 revision is poised to meet those QA issues and requirements that have or may arise during ESP, COL and other regulatory actions by the NRC. In view of the enhanced safety features and significant design changes associated with this new generation of nuclear infrastructure including the DOE development of the CMRR (Chemical and Metallurgy Research Replacement) at Los Alamos, present QA programs and procedures require a re-evaluation and assessment if the 2008 revision of NQA-1 is widely adapted in the US and possibly other countries. A synopsis of the revisions posed by the 2008 revision to former QA standards is given together with ancillary impacts for the nuclear community.
C1 [Wilde, Taunia; McEvoy, Tim; Holmes, Richard] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wilde, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM twilde@lanl.gov; tmcevoy@lanl.gov; raholmes@lanl.gov; gms@asp-llc.com
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4354-3
PY 2009
BP 129
EP 133
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK47
UT WOS:000282914200016
ER
PT B
AU LaChance, JL
Duran, FA
Phillips, J
Bari, R
Budnitz, RJ
Cahalan, J
Flanagan, G
AF LaChance, Jeffrey L.
Duran, Felicia A.
Phillips, Jesse
Bari, Robert
Budnitz, Robert J.
Cahalan, James
Flanagan, George
GP ASME
TI LIQUID METAL REACTOR REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ASSESSMENT
SO ICONE17, VOL 4
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
AB This paper summarizes an assessment of the regulatory framework and requirements for licensing a liquid metal reactor (LMR) for use in transmuting actinides, which was performed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI)(1). Since the LMR designs currently under consideration are sodium-cooled, the assessment identifies and discusses requirements, issues, and topics important to the licensing process in general and those specific to sodium-cooled LMRs, as well as licensing options and associated recommendations. The goal of the regulatory framework assessment was to clarify and evaluate requirements that support the development of safe and cost-effective LMR designs.
C1 [LaChance, Jeffrey L.; Duran, Felicia A.; Phillips, Jesse] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP LaChance, JL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4354-3
PY 2009
BP 159
EP 166
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK47
UT WOS:000282914200021
ER
PT B
AU Guillen, DP
Shelley, JK
Antal, SP
Tselishcheva, EA
Podowski, MZ
Lucas, D
Beyer, M
AF Guillen, Donna Post
Shelley, Jonathan K.
Antal, Steven P.
Tselishcheva, Elena A.
Podowski, Michael Z.
Lucas, Dirk
Beyer, Matthias
GP ASME
TI OPTIMIZATION OF A TWO-FLUID HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL OF CHURN-TURBULENT FLOWS
SO ICONE17, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
DE CFD validation; churn turbulent flow; two-fluid model; design
optimization; NPHASE-CMFD; multiphase flow
ID PHASE DISTRIBUTION; DRAG COEFFICIENT; BUBBLES; REGIME; COLUMN
AB A hydrodynamic model of two-phase, churn-turbulent flows is being developed using the computational multiphase fluid dynamics (CMFD) code, NPHASE-CMFD. The numerical solutions obtained by this model are compared with experimental data obtained at the TOPFLOW facility of the Institute of Safety Research at the Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf. The TOPFLOW data is a high quality experimental database of upward, co-current air-water flows in a vertical pipe suitable for validation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. A five-field CMFD model was developed for the continuous liquid phase and four bubble size groups using mechanistic closure models for the ensemble-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Mechanistic models for the drag and non-drag interfacial forces are implemented to include the governing physics to describe the hydrodynamic forces controlling the gas distribution. The closure models provide the functional form of the interfacial forces, with user defined coefficients to adjust the force magnitude. An optimization strategy was devised for these coefficients using commercial design optimization software. This paper demonstrates an approach to optimizing CMFD model parameters using a design optimization approach. Computed radial void fraction profiles predicted by the NPHASE-CMFD code are compared to experimental data for four bubble size groups.
C1 [Guillen, Donna Post; Shelley, Jonathan K.] Idaho Natl Lab, Adv Proc & Decis Syst Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Guillen, DP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Adv Proc & Decis Syst Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Donna.Guillen@inl.gov
RI Guillen, Donna/B-9681-2017
OI Guillen, Donna/0000-0002-7718-4608
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4355-0
PY 2009
BP 257
EP 266
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK48
UT WOS:000282915300035
ER
PT B
AU Tentner, A
Pointer, WD
Lo, S
Splawski, A
AF Tentner, Adrian
Pointer, W. David
Lo, Simon
Splawski, Andrew
GP ASME
TI DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODEL FOR
THE SIMULATION OF TWO-PHASE FLOW PHENOMENA IN A BOILING WATER REACTOR
FUEL ASSEMBLY
SO ICONE17, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
AB This paper presents the current status in the development and validation of an advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, CFD-BWR, which allows the detailed analysis of the two-phase flow and heat transfer phenomena in Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) fuel assemblies under various operating conditions. The CFD-BWR model uses an Eulerian Two-Phase (E2P) approach, and is also referred to as the E2P modeling framework. It is being developed as a customized module built on the foundation of the commercial CFD-code STAR-CD which provides general two-phase flow modeling capabilities. The integral validation efforts have focused on the analysis of the NUPEC Full-Size Boiling Water Reactor Test (BFBT) within the framework of the OECD/NRC benchmark exercise.
The paper reviews the two-phase models implemented in the CFD-BWR code, and emphasizes recently implemented models of inter-phase and coolant-cladding momentum and energy exchanges. Results of recent BFBT experiment simulations using these models are presented and the effects of the new models on the calculated void distribution are discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of future model development and validation plans.
C1 [Tentner, Adrian; Pointer, W. David] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Tentner, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM tentner@anl.gov
OI Pointer, W. David/0000-0003-0946-7937
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4355-0
PY 2009
BP 275
EP 284
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK48
UT WOS:000282915300037
ER
PT B
AU Johnson, RW
AF Johnson, Richard W.
GP ASME
TI CFD INVESTIGATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA PROPOSED TO BE A VALIDATION DATA
SET
SO ICONE17, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
AB The U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) is currently supporting the development of a next generation nuclear plant (NGNP). The NGNP is based on the very high temperature reactor (VHTR), which is a Generation IV gas-cooled reactor concept that will use helium as the coolant. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations are to be employed to estimate the details of the flow and heat transfer in the lower plenum where the heated coolant empties before exiting the reactor vessel. While it is expected that CFD will be able to provide detailed information about the flow, it must be validated using experimental data. Detailed experimental data have been taken in the INL's matched index of refraction (MIR) facility of a scaled model of a section of the prismatic VHTR lower plenum. The present article examines the data that were taken to investigate the suitability of such data to be a validation data set for CFD calculations. CFD calculations were made to compare with the MIR data to explore potential issues and make recommendations regarding the experiment.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Johnson, RW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4355-0
PY 2009
BP 535
EP 542
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK48
UT WOS:000282915300064
ER
PT B
AU Pointer, WD
Lomperski, S
Fischer, P
Obabko, A
AF Pointer, W. David
Lomperski, Stephen
Fischer, Paul
Obabko, Aleksandr
GP ASME
TI PROPOSED EXPERIMENT FOR VALIDATION OF CFD METHODS FOR ADVANCED SFR
DESIGN: UPPER PLENUM THERMAL STRIPING AND STRATIFICATION
SO ICONE17, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID TURBULENCE MODELS; TRIPLE-JET; SEPARATION; FLOW
AB In response to the goals outlined by the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative, an effort is underway to develop an integrated multi-physics, multi-resolution thermal-hydraulic simulation tool package for the evaluation of nuclear power plant design and safety. As part of this effort, initial guidance has been proposed for the development of experiments to supply validation data sets for the CFD-based thermo-fluid simulation capability. To demonstrate that the proposed data requirements can be achieved using current generation measurement methods and to refine correlation and data comparison methods suitable for very large data sets, an initial experiment focused on turbulent mixing in the upper plenum of an advanced sodium fast reactor has been proposed.
Prior validation efforts to support the use of one-dimensional lumped parameter models in the analysis of reactor safety performance relied primarily on data from carefully scaled integral system experiments to validate and tune correlations used to represent the physics associated with a particular transient in a particular reactor design. Unlike the correlation-based lumped parameter codes, computational fluid dynamics simulations reduce the reliance on experimentally derived correlations to the prediction of local turbulence effects rather the prediction of integral quantities like pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients. As a consequence, simpler separate effects experiments, which capture the turbulence effects but not necessarily the integral effects within a specific component of a system, can be utilized as the primary validation basis for the CFD codes. However, while the need for large carefully scaled integral experiments is reduced, the high spatial and temporal resolution of these codes requires that experimental data be collected at fine spatial and temporal resolutions.
An initial series of simulations has been completed to support the development of the proposed experimental facility using air as a surrogate for the sodium coolant. Design options considered in RANS simulations using the commercial CFD code Star-CCM+ include mixing facility dimensions, the number of inlet jets to be included and outlet position. The use of RANS simulations is supported by an initial benchmarking comparison with predictions from the spectral element large eddy simulation code Nek5000 for the nominal experimental geometry.
C1 [Pointer, W. David; Lomperski, Stephen; Fischer, Paul; Obabko, Aleksandr] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pointer, WD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
OI Pointer, W. David/0000-0003-0946-7937
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4355-0
PY 2009
BP 599
EP 611
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRK48
UT WOS:000282915300072
ER
PT S
AU Zerola, M
Sumbera, M
Bartak, R
Lauret, J
AF Zerola, Michal
Sumbera, Michal
Bartak, Roman
Lauret, Jerome
GP IEEE
TI Using Constraint Programming to Plan Efficient Data Movement on the Grid
SO ICTAI: 2009 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TOOLS WITH ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
SE Proceedings-International Conference on Tools With Artificial
Intelligence
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 21st IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
CY NOV 02-04, 2009
CL Newark, NJ
SP IEEE Comp Soc, Biol & Artificial Intelligent Soc
AB Efficient data transfers and placements are paramount to optimizing geographically distributed resources and minimizing the time data intensive experiments processing tasks would take. We present a technique for planning data transfers to single destination using a Constraint Programming approach. We study enhancements of the model using symmetry breaking, branch cutting, well studied principles from scheduling field, and several heuristics. Real-life wide area network characteristic is explained and the realization of the computed formal schedule is proposed with an emphasis on bandwidth saturation. Results will include comparison of performance and trade-off between CP techniques and Peer-2-Peer model.
C1 [Zerola, Michal; Sumbera, Michal] ASCR, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Bartak, Roman] Charles Univ Prague, CR-11636 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
[Lauret, Jerome] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
RP Zerola, M (reprint author), ASCR, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
RI Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014
OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323
FU IRP AVOZ [10480505]; Agency of the Czech Republic [202/07/0079,
205-13/201457]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [LC07048];
U.S. Department Of Energy
FX The investigations have been partially supported by the IRP AVOZ
10480505, by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under Contract No.
202/07/0079 and 205- 13/201457, by the grant LC07048 of the Ministry of
Education of the Czech Republic and by the U.S. Department Of Energy.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1082-3409
BN 978-1-4244-5619-2
J9 PROC INT C TOOLS ART
PY 2009
BP 729
EP +
DI 10.1109/ICTAI.2009.80
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BPP60
UT WOS:000279598100108
ER
PT S
AU Sosnowchik, BD
Schuck, PJ
Chang, JY
Lin, LW
AF Sosnowchik, Brian D.
Schuck, P. James
Chang, Jiyoung
Lin, Liwei
GP IEEE
TI TUNABLE OPTICAL ENHANCEMENT FROM A MEMS-INTEGRATED TIO2 NANOSWORD
PLASMONIC ANTENNA
SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(MEMS 2009)
SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
CY JAN 25-29, 2009
CL Sorrento, ITALY
SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc
ID LOCAL-FIELD ENHANCEMENT; RAMAN-SCATTERING
AB In this work, we present the fabrication and testing of a MEMS-integrated, variable-gap titanium dioxide nanosword plasmonic antenna. Two-photon photoluminescence (TPPL) testing was performed, and enhancements as large as 251-fold were observed at the sharp, tapered nanosword tip. The tunable nanosword antenna successfully and repeatedly demonstrated increases in the TPPL intensity as the gap was reduced below 50nm. Dark-field scattering experiments were performed at the tip to quantify the shape-dependent plasmonic resonance of the gold-coated nanosword tip. It is believed that this device, with further improvements to the enhancement, may enable previously unattainable functionality for surface-enhance Raman scattering (SERS) analysis.
C1 [Sosnowchik, Brian D.; Chang, Jiyoung; Lin, Liwei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Schuck, P. James] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Imaging & Manipulat Facility, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Sosnowchik, BD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU DARPA N/ MEMS Fundamental Sciences; U. S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-
05CH1 1231]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the help of Frank Ogletree, Ed
Wong, Lei Luo, Jong- Yoon Ha, and Shiwei Wu. Samples used in this work
were fabricated as part of MEMS Exchange Run 4119 by Sia Parsa, Antal
Kovats, and Attila Szabo in the UC Berkeley Microfabrication Laboratory.
This project is supported in part by the DARPA N/ MEMS Fundamental
Sciences program. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC02- 05CH1 1231.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1084-6999
BN 978-1-4244-2978-3
J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT
PY 2009
BP 128
EP 131
DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805335
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BB1WX
UT WOS:000341431500032
ER
PT S
AU Okandan, M
Olsson, R
Baker, M
Resnick, P
Hill, TA
Lackey, C
Pearson, S
Castaneda, J
Trott, W
Jones, D
AF Okandan, Murat
Olsson, Roy
Baker, Michael
Resnick, Paul
Hill, Thomas A.
Lackey, Chad
Pearson, Sean
Castaneda, Jaime
Trott, Wayne
Jones, David
GP IEEE
TI HIGH SPEED (GHZ), ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE (GPA) SENSOR ARRAY FABRICATED IN
INTEGRATED CMOS plus MEMS PROCESS
SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(MEMS 2009)
SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
CY JAN 25-29, 2009
CL Sorrento, ITALY
SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc
AB In order to observe and quantify pressure levels generated during testing of energetic materials, a sensor array with high temporal resolution (similar to 1 ns) and extremely high pressure range (> 1 GPa) is needed. We have developed such a sensor array which utilizes a novel integrated high performance CMOS+MEMS process.
C1 [Okandan, Murat; Olsson, Roy; Baker, Michael; Resnick, Paul; Hill, Thomas A.; Lackey, Chad; Pearson, Sean; Castaneda, Jaime; Trott, Wayne; Jones, David] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Okandan, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1084-6999
BN 978-1-4244-2978-3
J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT
PY 2009
BP 845
EP 847
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BB1WX
UT WOS:000341431500211
ER
PT S
AU Lee, J
Spadaccini, CM
Mukerjee, EV
King, WP
AF Lee, J.
Spadaccini, C. M.
Mukerjee, E. V.
King, W. P.
GP IEEE
TI SUSPENDED MEMBRANE SINGLE CRYSTAL SILICON MICRO HOTPLATE FOR
DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY
SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(MEMS 2009)
SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
CY JAN 25-29, 2009
CL Sorrento, ITALY
SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc
ID NANOCALORIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
AB This paper introduces an array of single crystal silicon micro hotplates for differential scanning calorimetry. Based on heat transfer analysis considering tradeoffs between response time, temperature uniformity, and measurement sensitivity, suspended membrane micro hotplates with full backside release were found to be optimal designs. Due to the requirements of routine sample loading, the size of the heater is 100 or 200, mu m while the size of the backside membrane cavity is 400, mu m. Our design achieves a combination of time constant, temperature sensitivity, and heating efficiency that are comparable or superior to previously reported microcalorimeters.
C1 [Lee, J.; King, W. P.] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Spadaccini, C. M.; Mukerjee, E. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
OI Lee, Jungchul/0000-0001-7880-8657
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-PROC-407768]
FX Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 LLNL-PROC-407768.
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1084-6999
BN 978-1-4244-2978-3
J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT
PY 2009
BP 852
EP 855
DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805517
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BB1WX
UT WOS:000341431500213
ER
PT S
AU Bronson, JR
Pulskamp, JS
Polcawich, RG
Kroninger, CM
Wetzel, ED
AF Bronson, J. R.
Pulskamp, J. S.
Polcawich, R. G.
Kroninger, C. M.
Wetzel, E. D.
GP IEEE
TI PZT MEMS ACTUATED FLAPPING WINGS FOR INSECT- INSPIRED ROBOTICS
SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(MEMS 2009)
SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
CY JAN 25-29, 2009
CL Sorrento, ITALY
SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc
ID FLIGHT
AB This paper presents microfabricated flapping-wings for insect-inspired flying robots. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of any such MEMS devices for this application. This work is a component of on-going efforts by the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) in developing millimeter-scale robotic platforms using thin-film lead zirconium titanate (PZT) actuators. Micromachined wing-structures have been successfully fabricated and this report presents experimental results of flapping frequency and stroke-amplitude from a set of wing designs varying in material composition and dimensions. These results establish the feasibility of achieving stroke amplitudes comparable to insects with PiezoMEMS technology.
C1 [Bronson, J. R.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Pulskamp, J. S.; Polcawich, R. G.; Kroninger, C. M.; Wetzel, E. D.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Bronson, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 10
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1084-6999
BN 978-1-4244-2978-3
J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT
PY 2009
BP 1047
EP 1050
DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805566
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BB1WX
UT WOS:000341431500262
ER
PT J
AU Balick, L
Gillespie, A
French, A
Danilina, I
Allard, JP
Mushkin, A
AF Balick, Lee
Gillespie, Alan
French, Andrew
Danilina, Iryna
Allard, Jean-Pierre
Mushkin, Amit
TI Longwave Thermal Infrared Spectral Variability in Individual Rocks
SO IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
LA English
DT Article
DE Hyperspectral; infrared; remote sensing; rock; spectra; thermal
AB An hyperspectral imaging spectrometer measuring in the longwave thermal infrared (7.6-11.6 mu m), with a spatial resolution less than 5 mm at a range of 10 in, was used in the field to observe the variability of emissivity spectra of individual rock surfaces. The rocks were obtained commercially, were on the order of 20 cm in size, and were selected to have distinct spectral features: They include alabaster (gypsum.), soapstone (steatite with talc), obsidian (volcanic glass), norite (plagioclase and orthopyroxene), and "jasper" (silica with iron oxides). The advantages of using an imaging spectrometer to characterize these rocks spectrally are apparent. Large spectral variations were observed within individual rocks that may be attributed to roughness, surface geometry, and compositional variation. Nonimaging spectrometers would normally miss these variations as would small samples used in laboratory measurements, spatially averaged spectra can miss the optimum spectra for identification of materials, and spatially localized components of the rock can be obscured.
C1 [Balick, Lee] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Gillespie, Alan; Danilina, Iryna; Mushkin, Amit] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[French, Andrew] Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Water Management & Conservat Res Unit, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA.
[Allard, Jean-Pierre] Telops Inc, Quebec City, PQ G2E 6J5, Canada.
RP Balick, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lbalick@lanl.gov; arg3@u.washington.edu; andrew.french@ars.usda.gov;
danilina@u.washington.edu; jean-pierre.allard@telops.com;
mushkin@u.washington.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Technology
Development, [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Los Alamos National Security
FX This work Was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nonproliferation Technology Development, under Contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396 with Los Alamos National Security, LLC.
NR 7
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1545-598X
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 1
BP 52
EP 56
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2008.2006005
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 395QS
UT WOS:000262539200012
ER
PT S
AU Pelechrinis, K
Yan, GH
Eidenbenz, S
Krishnamurthy, SV
AF Pelechrinis, Konstantinos
Yan, Guanhua
Eidenbenz, Stephan
Krishnamurthy, Srikanth V.
GP IEEE
TI Detecting Selfish Exploitation of Carrier Sensing in 802.11 Networks
SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-5
SE IEEE INFOCOM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009
CY APR 19-25, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IEEE
AB Recently, tuning the clear channel assessment (CCA) threshold in conjunction with power control has been considered for improving the performance of Wireless LANs. However, CCA tuning can be exploited by selfish nodes in order to obtain an unfair share of the available bandwidth. In particular, by increasing the CCA threshold, a selfish client can manipulate the carrier sensing mechanism to ignore the presence of other transmissions on the medium; consequently, it increases the probability of accessing the medium and therefore obtains a higher, unfair share of the available bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to detect this misbehavior in WLANs. A key insight that leads to our approach is that a misbehaving node that has increased its CCA is unlikely to recognize low power receptions as legitimate packets; by intelligently sending low power probe messages, an AP can detect a misbehaving node with high probability. In a nutshell, our contributions are as follows: (a) We are the first to quantify the impact of selfish CCA tuning via extensive experimentation (b) We propose a novel lightweight scheme for detecting selfish nodes that inappropriately increase their CCA thresholds; we call our scheme CMD (for Carrier sensing Misbehavior Detection) (c) We perform extensive evaluations on an indoor 802.11 WLAN testbed to demonstrate that CMD detects misbehaving users with very high accuracy (approximately 95 % of the time). Furthermore, it only incurs a false positive rate of less than 5 %(1).
C1 [Pelechrinis, Konstantinos; Krishnamurthy, Srikanth V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Yan, Guanhua; Eidenbenz, Stephan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Pelechrinis, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM kpele@cs.ucr.edu; ghyan@lanl.gov; eidenben@lanl.gov; krish@cs.ucr.edu
FU US Army Research Office under the Multi-University Research Initiative
(MURI) [W911NF- 07-1-0318]; NSF NeTS:WN / Cyber trust [0721941]
FX This work was done partially with support from the US Army Research
Office under the Multi-University Research Initiative (MURI) grants
W911NF- 07-1-0318 and the NSF NeTS:WN / Cyber trust grant 0721941.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0743-166X
BN 978-1-4244-3512-8
J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER
PY 2009
BP 657
EP +
DI 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5061973
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BNS10
UT WOS:000275366200074
ER
PT S
AU Yang, Y
Hou, IH
Hou, JC
Shankar, M
Rao, NS
AF Yang, Yong
Hou, I-Hong
Hou, Jennifer C.
Shankar, Mallikarjun
Rao, Nageswara S.
GP IEEE
TI Sensor Placement for Detecting Propagative Sources in Populated
Environments
SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-5
SE IEEE INFOCOM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009
CY APR 19-25, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IEEE
AB We consider the placement of sensors to detect propagative sources where the sensing area of each sensor is anisotropic and arbitrarily-shaped due to the terrain and meteorological conditions. The propagation and detection times are non-negligible due to the propagation of source effects through space at a slow speed. We formulate the problem as placing the minimum number of sensors to ensure a detection time T and the coverage utility C. Both the sensing areas of sensors and the utility function U(.) are chosen to capture the environmental factors and the population distribution. We show this problem to be NP-hard, and present heuristic algorithms for 1-coverage and k-coverage by adopting exiting methods. We evaluate the proposed algorithms in the realistic setting of Port of Memphis where the objective is to protect the population against chemical leaks or attacks. We utilize the SCIPUFF dispersion model to determine the sensing areas by accounting for the terrain and meteorological conditions, and use the real-life population distribution as the utility function. Based on empirical study, we make several important observations.
C1 [Yang, Yong; Hou, I-Hong; Hou, Jennifer C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, 1304 W Springfield Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Shankar, Mallikarjun; Rao, Nageswara S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Engn, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, 1304 W Springfield Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM yang25@uiuc.edu; ihou2@uiuc.edu; jhou@uiuc.edu; shankarm@ornl.gov;
nrao@ornl.gov
RI Shankar, Mallikarjun/N-4400-2015;
OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460; Rao,
Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941
FU Sensor Net program managed by UT-Battelle; LLC for U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Research supported in part by Sensor Net program managed by UT-Battelle,
LLC for U.S. Department of Energy under contract number
DE-AC05-00OR22725
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0743-166X
BN 978-1-4244-3512-8
J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER
PY 2009
BP 1206
EP +
DI 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062034
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BNS10
UT WOS:000275366200135
ER
PT B
AU Rao, NSV
Poole, SW
Wing, WR
Carter, SM
AF Rao, Nageswara S. V.
Poole, Stephen W.
Wing, William R.
Carter, Steven M.
GP IEEE
TI Experimental Analysis of Flow Optimization and Data Compression for TCP
Enhancement
SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS WORKSHOPS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009
CY APR 19-25, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IEEE
DE WAAS; wide-area connections
AB Flow optimization and data compression method promise to improve TCP performance, and edge devices that implement them to transparently improve wide-area network performance are currently being developed. We present an experimental study of TCP throughput performance of such Cisco devices using 1Gbps connections of thousands of miles over UltraScience Net. Based on iperf measurements, we have the following observations: (i) mufti-fold throughput improvements are achieved over the buffer-tuned TCP both for single and most multiple streams; and (ii) high throughputs are maintained over connection lengths of thousands of miles. For file transfers using iperf, our experiments included files with repeated bytes and uniformly randomly generated bytes, and supernova simulation data in hdf format: (i) highest and lowest throughputs are achieved for hdf and random data files, respectively; (ii) most throughputs were maximized by 5-10 parallel TCP streams; and (iii) pre-compression of files using gzip did not have a significant effect on transport performance.
C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Poole, Stephen W.; Wing, William R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Carter, Steven M.] Cisco Syst Inc, San Jose, CA 95134 USA.
RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM raons@ornl.gov; stevenca@cisco.com
FU U.S. Department of Defense at the Extreme Scale Systems Center at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory; High Performance Networking Program of the
Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy with UT-Battelle, LL
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research is sponsored by U.S. Department of Defense at the Extreme
Scale Systems Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and by High
Performance Networking Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department
of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LL
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3968-3
PY 2009
BP 115
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BMF50
UT WOS:000272170100020
ER
PT B
AU Yu, X
Qiao, CM
Yu, DT
AF Yu, Xiang
Qiao, Chunming
Yu, Dantong
GP IEEE
TI Online Job Provisioning for Large Scale Science Experiments over an
Optical Grid Infrastructure
SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS WORKSHOPS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009
CY APR 19-25, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IEEE
DE large scale science experiment; Grid; WDM network; job provisioning;
resource co-scheduling
AB Many emerging science experiments require that the massive data generated by big instruments be accessible and analyzed by a large number of geographically dispersed users. Such large scale science experiments are enabled by an Optical Grid infrastructure which integrates Grid software with a WDM network. This paper studies the following problem in an Optical Grid environment: given an online job request, how to optimally find a host to execute the job, taking into account the need to stage missing input files stored at other places, with the goal of satisfying the job's QoS requirements, subject to dynamic computing and network resource usage status? We first formulate the optimization problem as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). As the MILP solution quickly gets intractable when the network size grows larger, we also propose an adaptive heuristic called AOJP. Our simulation results demonstrate both the effectiveness and the efficiency of AOJP.
C1 [Yu, Xiang; Qiao, Chunming] SUNY Buffalo, Amherst, NY 14260 USA.
[Yu, Dantong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Yu, X (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Amherst, NY 14260 USA.
EM xyu4@cse.buffalo.edu; qiao@cse.buffalo.edu; dtyu@bnl.gov
RI Qiao, Chunming/E-8892-2011
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-3968-3
PY 2009
BP 133
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BMF50
UT WOS:000272170100023
ER
PT J
AU Smith, AV
Do, BT
Hadley, GR
Farrow, RL
AF Smith, Arlee V.
Do, Binh T.
Hadley, G. Ronald
Farrow, Roger L.
TI Optical Damage Limits to Pulse Energy From fibers
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Optical fiber amplifiers
ID PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER; PEAK-POWER; DOPED FIBER; LASER; GENERATION;
NONLINEARITY; NANOSECOND; AMPLIFIERS; BREAKDOWN; CORE
AB The irradiances or fluences encountered in pulsed fiber lasers and amplifiers are sometimes high enough to destroy the fiber. The ultimate limit is set by the intrinsic damage threshold irradiance of doped silica. Other nonlinear processes such as self-focusing and stimulated Brillouin scattering are also important. We present here the results of our measurements of the damage threshold, and of our analysis of how self-focusing and Brillouin scattering influence the power limit.
C1 [Smith, Arlee V.] AS Photon LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87112 USA.
[Do, Binh T.] Ball Aerosp Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Hadley, G. Ronald] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Farrow, Roger L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Smith, AV (reprint author), AS Photon LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87112 USA.
EM arlee.smith@AS-Photonics.com; bto@ball.com; grhadle@sandia.gov;
farrow@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Manuscript received September H, 2008; revised October 28, 2008;
accepted November 10, 2008. Current version published February 4, 2009.
This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy (DOE)
under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 26
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 1
BP 153
EP 158
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2008.2010331
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 406SL
UT WOS:000263315100020
ER
PT J
AU Dawson, JW
Messerly, MJ
Phan, HH
Crane, JK
Beach, RJ
Siders, CW
AF Dawson, Jay W.
Messerly, Michael J.
Phan, Henry H.
Crane, John K.
Beach, Raymond J.
Siders, Craig W.
CA CPJ Barty
TI High-Energy, Short-Pulse Fiber Injection Lasers at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser fusion; optical fiber lasers; ultrafast optics
ID REPETITION-RATE; DISPERSION; AMPLIFICATION; SYSTEM; COMPENSATION;
COMPRESSION; AMPLIFIERS; IGNITION; POWER; MHZ
AB A short-pulse fiber injection laser for the advanced radiographic capability on the National Ignition Facility has been developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. This system produces 100 mu J pulses with 5 nm of bandwidth centered at 1053 nm. The pulses are stretched to 2.5 ns, and have been recompressed to subpicoseconds pulsewidths. A key feature of the system is that the prepulse power contrast ratio exceeds 80 dB. The system can also precisely adjust the final recompressed pulsewidth and timing, and has been designed for reliable, hands-free operation. The key challenges in constructing this system were control of the SNR, dispersion management, and managing the impact of self-phase modulation on the chirped pulse.
C1 [Dawson, Jay W.; Phan, Henry H.; Crane, John K.; Beach, Raymond J.; Siders, Craig W.; CPJ Barty] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Dawson, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM dawson17@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 1
BP 207
EP 219
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2008.2010242
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 406SL
UT WOS:000263315100026
ER
PT B
AU Abercrombie, RK
Sheldon, FT
Mili, A
AF Abercrombie, Robert K.
Sheldon, Frederick T.
Mili, Ali
GP IEEE
TI Managing Complex IT Security Processes with Value Based Measures
SO IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN CYBER SECURITY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Cyber Security
CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP IEEE
ID VULNERABILITIES
AB Current trends indicate that IT security measures will need to greatly expand to counter the ever increasingly sophisticated, well-funded and/or economically motivated threat space. Traditional risk management approaches provide an effective method for guiding; courses of action for assessment, and mitigation investments. However, such approaches no matter how popular demand very detailed knowledge about the IT security domain and the enterprise/cyber architectural context. Typically, the critical nature and/or high stakes require careful consideration and adaptation of a balanced approach that provides reliable and consistent methods for rating vulnerabilities. As reported in earlier works, the Cyberspace Security Econometrics System provides a comprehensive measure of reliability, security and safety of a system that accounts for the criticality of each requirement as a function of one or more stakeholders' interests in that requirement. This paper advocates a dependability measure that acknowledges the aggregate structure of complex system specifications, and accounts for variations by stakeholder, by specification components, and by verification and validation impact.
C1 [Abercrombie, Robert K.; Sheldon, Frederick T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Cyberspace Sci & Informat Intelligence Res Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Mili, Ali] New Jersey Inst Technol, Coll Comp Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Abercrombie, RK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Cyberspace Sci & Informat Intelligence Res Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM abercrombier@ornl.gov; sheldonft@ornl.gov; mili@cis.njit.edu
FU [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S.
Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S.
Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do
so, for U.S. Government purposes.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-2769-7
PY 2009
BP 69
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BME56
UT WOS:000272027200011
ER
PT J
AU Kavelaars, AT
Bloom, E
Claus, R
Fouts, K
Tuvi, S
AF Kavelaars, Alicia T.
Bloom, Elliott
Claus, Richard
Fouts, Kenneth
Tuvi, Selim
TI Electronic Logbook for Space System Integration & Test Operations
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
AB In the highly technological aerospace world, paper is still widely used to document space system integration and test (I&T) operations. E-Logbook (electronic logbook) is a new technology designed to replace current documentation processes of space system I&T operations, such as connector mate and demate, flight hardware and flight software component installation, material mixes or electronic ground support equipment (EGSE) validation. It also includes new documentation concepts, such as the shift log, which improves project awareness and optimizes the shift hand-over process, and the configuration log, which instantly reports on the global I&T state of the space system and greatly enhances information gathering prior to major test events or project reviews. The design of E-Logbook focuses not only on a reliable and efficient relational database, but also on an ergonomic human-computer interactive (HCI) system of graphical user interfaces (GUI) that can help reduce human error and improve I&T discipline and management oversight. E-Logbook has been used for the I&T of the large area telescope (LAT) of the gamma-ray large area space telescope (GLAST) scientific satellite at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). After 19 months of operation, more than 41,000 records have been created for the different documentation components or I&T Logs, with no data having been corrupted or critically lost. 94% of the operators and 100% of the management exposed to E-Logbook prefer it to paper logbooks and recommend its use in the aerospace industry.
C1 [Bloom, Elliott; Claus, Richard; Fouts, Kenneth; Tuvi, Selim] Stanford Linear Accelerator, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kavelaars, AT (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM aliciak@SLAC.Stanford.edu
FU Stanford University; Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC)
[DE-AC03-76-SFO0515]; NASA [NAS5-00147]
FX This work was supported by Stanford University and the Stanford Linear
Accelerator Center (SLAC) under DoE Contract DE-AC03-76-SFO0515 and NASA
Grant NAS5-00147.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 1
BP 167
EP 178
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 435XH
UT WOS:000265376100014
ER
PT J
AU Kerekes, R
Kumar, BVKV
AF Kerekes, Ryan
Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya
TI Enhanced Video-Based Target Detection using Multi-Frame Correlation
Filtering
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID NOISE; RECOGNITION; TRACKING; DESIGN
AB Most existing video-based target detection systems employ state-space models to keep track of an explicit number of individual targets. We introduce a framework for enhancing target detection in video by applying probabilistic models to the soft information in correlation outputs before thresholding. We show how to efficiently compute arrays of posterior target probabilities for every position in the scene conditioned on all current and past frames of a video sequence. These arrays can then be thresholded in the typical manner to yield more reliable target detections. Because the framework avoids the formation of explicit tracks, it is well suited for handling scenes with unknown numbers of targets at unknown positions. Simulation results on forward-looking infrared (FLIR) video sequences show that our proposed framework can significantly reduce the false-alarm rate of a bank of correlation filters while requiring only a marginal increase in computation.
C1 [Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Kerekes, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MSSED, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 5800,MS 6075, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM rkerekes@gmail.com
FU Northrop Grumman Corporation
FX This work was supported in part by a fellowship from Northrop Grumman
Corporation.
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9251
EI 1557-9603
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 1
BP 289
EP 307
PG 19
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 435XH
UT WOS:000265376100023
ER
PT J
AU Young, WF
Kuester, EF
Holloway, CL
AF Young, William F.
Kuester, Edward F.
Holloway, Christopher L.
TI Measurements of Randomly Placed Wireless Transmitters Used as an Array
for Receivers Located Within the Array Volume With Application to
Emergency Responders
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Ad hoc array; arbitrary array optimization; emergency responder
communications; random array
ID SCALAR RADIATION; ANTENNA-ARRAYS; OPTIMIZATION; ENVIRONMENT;
DIRECTIVITY; GAIN
AB Emergency responders often experience poor quality wireless communications due to the complex radio-frequency propagation environment encountered at a typical emergency response location, such as an apartment complex, office building, or other large building structure. Our previous theoretical analysis in conjuction with simulation studies suggests that optimizing arrays of randomly located wireless transmitters can provide a significant increase in the received signal level for a receiver located in the array volume. Here we present experimental results from the application of our initial algorithm in representative complex propagation environments. Several different scenarios are Included in the experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimization approach in an environment that contains a variety of scattering objects. For the various scenarios, we observed at least a 7 dB median gain over it single transmitter when the array consists of four transmitters.
C1 [Young, William F.] Univ Colorado, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Kuester, Edward F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Holloway, Christopher L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Young, WF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM wfyoung@sandia.gov
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 1
BP 241
EP 247
DI 10.1109/TAP.2008.2009651
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 419VB
UT WOS:000264246700026
ER
PT J
AU Ozpineci, B
Chinthavali, MS
Tolbert, LM
Kashyap, AS
Mantooth, HA
AF Ozpineci, Burak
Chinthavali, Madhu Sudhan
Tolbert, Leon M.
Kashyap, Avinash S.
Mantooth, H. Alan
TI A 55-kW Three-Phase Inverter With Si IGBTs and SiC Schottky Diodes
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 21st Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2006)
CY MAR 19-23, 2006
CL Dallas, TX
SP IEEE, PELS, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc
DE DC-AC conversion; hybrid electric vehicle; insulated-gate bipolar
transistors (IGBTs); inverter; Schottky diode; silicon carbide (SiC)
AB Silicon carbide (SiC) power devices are expected to have an impact on power converter efficiency, weight, volume, and reliability. Currently, only SiC Schottky diodes are commercially available at relatively low current ratings. Oak Ridge National Laboratory has collaborated with Cree and Semikron to build a Si insulated-gate bipolar transistor-SiC Schottky diode hybrid 55-kW inverter by replacing the Si p-n diodes in Semikron's automotive inverter with Cree's made-to-order higher current SiC Schottky diodes. This paper presents the developed models of these diodes for circuit simulators, shows inverter test results, and compares the results with those of a similar all-Si inverter.
C1 [Ozpineci, Burak; Chinthavali, Madhu Sudhan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tolbert, Leon M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kashyap, Avinash S.; Mantooth, H. Alan] Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Ozpineci, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM ozpinecib@ornl.gov; chinthavalim@ornl.gov; tolbert@utk.edu;
akashya@uark.edu; mantooth@uark.edu
OI Ozpineci, Burak/0000-0002-1672-3348; Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X
NR 18
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0093-9994
J9 IEEE T IND APPL
JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 1
BP 278
EP 285
DI 10.1109/TIA.2008.2009501
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 399RM
UT WOS:000262817000032
ER
PT J
AU Kim, DH
Thai, YT
Nikles, DE
Brazel, CS
AF Kim, Dona-Hyun
Thai, Ynhi T.
Nikles, David E.
Brazel, Christopher S.
TI Heating of Aqueous Dispersions Containing MnFe2O4 Nanoparticles by
Radio-Frequency Magnetic Field Induction
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; MnFe2O4; multifunctional
nanoparticles; specific absorption rate
ID SPINEL FERRITE NANOPARTICLES; HYPERTHERMIA; PARTICLES
AB Our interest in identifying magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia therapy has led to this study of the ac magnetic field induced heating of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Single-crystal MnFe(2)O(0)4 nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 5.3 to 12.1 nm were synthesized by a thermal decomposition method. Oleic acid and oleylamine ligands used during synthesis were replaced by meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, which allowed the particles to be dispersed in water. Magnetic field induction heating of aqueous dispersions of the particles showed that the value of specific absorption rate (SAR) increased with increasing particle size until it peaked for particles with an average diameter of 10.5 nm and then decreased for particles with an average diameter of 12.1 rim. Theoretical calculations of the effect of particle size on the heat generation were in agreement with this trend and showed that, with the largest particles, there was a decrease in the contribution of Brownian relaxation to the heating, leading to a decrease in the SAR for these particles.
C1 [Kim, Dona-Hyun; Thai, Ynhi T.; Brazel, Christopher S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Kim, Dona-Hyun] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Nikles, David E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Nikles, David E.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Brazel, Christopher S.] Keele Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Med, Keele ST4 7QB, Staffs, England.
RP Brazel, CS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM cbrazel@eng.ua.edu
RI Brazel, Christopher/E-9085-2012;
OI Kim, Dong-Hyun/0000-0001-6815-3319
FU University of Alabama's Alton Scott Memorial Fund; Korean Government
(MOEHRD) [KRF-2006-D00092]
FX This work was supported by the University of Alabama's Alton Scott
Memorial Fund and by an international grant to the first author by a
Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD)
(KRF-2006-D00092).c
NR 23
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 17
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 1
BP 64
EP 70
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2005329
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 407OW
UT WOS:000263375200006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, PS
Zhang, HQ
Divan, R
Hoffmann, A
AF Wang, Pingshan
Zhang, Hanqiao
Divan, Ralu
Hoffmann, Axel
TI Tailoring High-Frequency Properties of Permalloy Films by Submicrometer
Patterning
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic anisotropy; magnetic resonance; patterned thin film; permalloy;
susceptibility
ID SHAPE ANISOTROPY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PERMEABILITY; NANOWIRES; FE
AB We have measured shape-induced high frequency properties of patterned submicrometer permalloy (Py) arrays. We sputtered and patterned Py films on gold (An) transmission lines, using chromium (Cr) as adhesion layers for An and Py deposition. Each Py bar in the arrays is 10 mu m long and 100 nm thick. The widths of the Py bars in two different arrays are 240 and 550 nm, respectively. Micromagnetic simulations indicate single domain magnetization distribution in these Py structures. The measured ferromagnetic resonance frequencies without bias field are approximately 11.5 and 8 GHz, respectively. We obtained the corresponding susceptibilities. The experimental results agree with theoretical predictions.
C1 [Wang, Pingshan; Zhang, Hanqiao] Clemson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Divan, Ralu; Hoffmann, Axel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Hoffmann, Axel] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wang, PS (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM pwang@clemson.edu
RI Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009
OI Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767
FU Army Research Office [2005567]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH1357]
FX This work was supported by the Army Research Office under Grant 2005567
and by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH1357.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 15
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 1
BP 71
EP 74
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2005330
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 407OW
UT WOS:000263375200007
ER
PT J
AU Huang, Q
You, JS
Zeng, GL
Gulberg, GT
AF Huang, Qiu
You, Jiangsheng
Zeng, Gengsheng. L.
Gulberg, Grant T.
TI Reconstruction From Uniformly Attenuated SPECT Projection Data Using the
DBH Method
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE Attenuation; fan-beam; half-scan; image reconstruction; short-scan;
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); truncation
ID EXPONENTIAL RADON-TRANSFORM; EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; X-RAY
TRANSFORM; CORMACK-TYPE INVERSION; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; HILBERT
TRANSFORM; FILTERED-BACKPROJECTION; QUANTITATIVE RECONSTRUCTION;
RESPONSE CORRECTION; DETECTOR RESPONSE
AB An algorithm was developed for the 2-D reconstruction of truncated and nontruncated uniformly attenuated data acquired from single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The algorithm is able to reconstruct data from half-scan (180 degrees) and short-scan (180 degrees+fan angle) acquisitions for parallel- and fan-beam geometries, respectively, as well as data from full-scan (360 degrees) acquisitions. The algorithm is a derivative, backprojection, and Hilbert transform (DBH) method, which involves the backprojection of differentiated projection data followed by an inversion of the finite weighted Hilbert transform. The kernel of the inverse weighted Hilbert transform is solved numerically using matrix inversion. Numerical simulations confirm that the DBH method provides accurate reconstructions from half-scan and short-scan data, even when there is truncation. However, as the attenuation increases, finer data sampling is required.
C1 [Huang, Qiu; Gulberg, Grant T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[You, Jiangsheng] Cub Imaging, Andover, MA 01810 USA.
[Zeng, Gengsheng. L.] Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, UCAIR, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
RP Huang, Q (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM qhuang@lbl.gov; jyou@cubic-imaging.com; larry@ucair.med.utah.edu;
gtgullberg@lbl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institute of
Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Department of Health and Human
Services [R01 EB000121]
FX This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science.
Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Medical Science
Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231 and in part by Public Heath Service Grant R01 EB000121
awarded by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
Bioengineering, Department of Health and Human Services.
NR 54
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0278-0062
J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING
JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 1
BP 17
EP 29
DI 10.1109/TMI.2008.923974
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 391GB
UT WOS:000262220700003
PM 19116185
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, JL
Wang, C
Fathy, AE
Kang, YW
AF Wilson, Joshua L.
Wang, Cheng
Fathy, Aly E.
Kang, Yoon W.
TI Analysis of Rapidly Twisted Hollow Waveguides
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Finite difference frequency domain (FDFD); finite difference time domain
(FDTD); guided waves; slow wave structures
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; FREQUENCY-DOMAIN METHOD; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS;
FDTD ALGORITHM; STABILITY; SCHEME; MODES
AB The propagation characteristics of twisted hollow waveguides are considered, and various analysis methods are proposed. It is shown that a twisted hollow waveguide can support waves that travel at a speed slower than the speed of light c. These modes are of particular interest, as slow wave structures have many potential applications in accelerators and electron traveling wave tubes. Since there is no exact closed form solution for the electromagnetic fields within a twisted waveguide or cavity, several previously proposed approximate methods are examined. It is found that the existing perturbation theory methods yield adequate results for slowly twisted structures; however, our efforts here are geared toward analyzing rapidly twisted structures using newly developed finite-difference methods. To validate the results of the theory and simulations, rapidly twisted cavity prototypes have been designed, fabricated, and measured. These measurement results are compared to simulated results, and very good agreement has been demonstrated.
C1 [Wilson, Joshua L.; Wang, Cheng; Fathy, Aly E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kang, Yoon W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wilson, JL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (ORNL-SNS);
University of Tennesse (UT)-Battelle LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S.
Department of Energy
FX Manuscript received June 06, 2008 revised September 25, 2008. First
published December 22. 2008; current version published January 08, 2009.
This work was supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation
Neutron Source (ORNL-SNS). The SNS is managed by the University of
Tennesse (UT)-Battelle LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the
U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 1
BP 130
EP 139
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2008.2009042
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 394ET
UT WOS:000262429300015
ER
PT J
AU Du, Z
Tolbert, LM
Ozpineci, B
Chiasson, JN
AF Du, Zhong
Tolbert, Leon M.
Ozpineci, Burak
Chiasson, John N.
TI Fundamental Frequency Switching Strategies of a Seven-Level Hybrid
Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 38th IEEE Power Electronic Specialists Conference (PESC 07)
CY JUN 17-21, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
DE Fundamental frequency modulation control; hybrid cascaded H-bridge
multilevel inverter (HCMLI); triplen harmonic compensation
ID SELECTIVE HARMONIC ELIMINATION; SPACE-VECTOR MODULATION; COMMON-MODE
VOLTAGE; GENERALIZED TECHNIQUES; THYRISTOR INVERTERS; PWM; CONVERTERS;
DRIVES; COMPENSATION; TOPOLOGIES
AB This paper presents a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter that can be implemented using only a single dc power source and capacitors. Standard cascaded multilevel inverters require n dc sources for 2n + 1 levels. Without requiring transformers, the scheme proposed here allows the use of a single dc power source (e.g., a battery or a fuel cell stack) with the remaining n - 1 dc sources being capacitors, which is referred to as hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (HCMLI) in this paper. It is shown that the inverter can simultaneously maintain the dc voltage level of the capacitors and choose a fundamental frequency switching pattern to produce a nearly sinusoidal output. HCMLI using only a single dc source for each phase is promising for high-power motor drive applications as it significantly decreases the number of required dc power supplies, provides high-quality output power due to its high number of output levels, and results in high conversion efficiency and low thermal stress as it uses a fundamental frequency switching scheme. This paper mainly discusses control of seven-level HCMLI with fundamental frequency switching control and how its modulation index range can be extended using triplen harmonic compensation.
C1 [Du, Zhong] Parker Hannifin Corp, Olive Branch, MS 38654 USA.
[Tolbert, Leon M.; Ozpineci, Burak] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Chiasson, John N.] Boise State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
RP Du, Z (reprint author), Parker Hannifin Corp, Olive Branch, MS 38654 USA.
EM zhong.du@parker.com; tolbertm@ornl.gov; ozpinecib@ornl.gov;
johnchiasson@boisestate.edu
OI Ozpineci, Burak/0000-0002-1672-3348; Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X
NR 34
TC 101
Z9 104
U1 2
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0885-8993
J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR
JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 1-2
BP 25
EP 33
DI 10.1109/TPEL.2008.2006678
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 408TV
UT WOS:000263458800004
ER
PT J
AU Feng, G
Meyer, E
Liu, YF
AF Feng, Guang
Meyer, Eric
Liu, Yan-Fei
TI A Digital Two-Switching-Cycle Compensation Algorithm for Input-Voltage
Transients in DC-DC Converters
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE DC-DC power conversion; digital control; transient response
ID CONTROLLED PWM CONVERTERS; BUCK CONVERTERS; MODE CONTROLLER; PERFORMANCE
AB In this paper, a new control algorithm is proposed to achieve excellent dynamic performance for dc-dc converters undergoing an input-voltage change. Using the concept of capacitor charge balance, the proposed algorithm predicts the two-switching-cycle duty ratio series to drive the converter back to steady state following an input-voltage transient. The equations needed to calculate the required duty cycle series are presented. By using the proposed algorithm, good transient performance, such as small output-voltage overshoot/undershoot and short recovery time, is achieved. Simulations and experiments are performed using a synchronous buck converter to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed method produces superior dynamic performance over that of a conventional current-mode PID controller.
C1 [Feng, Guang; Meyer, Eric; Liu, Yan-Fei] Queens Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
RP Feng, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM gfeng@aps.anl.gov; eric.meyer@ece.queensu.ca; yanfei.liu@queensu.ca
NR 30
TC 12
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0885-8993
J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR
JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 1-2
BP 181
EP 191
DI 10.1109/TPEL.2008.2006612
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 408TV
UT WOS:000263458800018
ER
PT B
AU Ren, X
AF Ren, Xu
BE Luo, G
TI PUTTING GENOME IN CONTEXT: TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION IN THREE
DIMENSIONAL ECM MICROENVIRONMENT
SO IFPT'6: PROGRESS ON POST-GENOME TECHNOLOGIES, PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Forum on Post-Genome Technologies
CY SEP 17-18, 2009
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Tsinghua Univ, SW Univ, Nanjing Univ, NW Univ, Life-Surveyor Project Japan, Hitachi Ltd, Huadong Res Inst Med & Biotech, SEQUENOM Inc, Fluidigm Corporat, Thermo Fisher Sci Inc, Berkeley Biotech Inc, Ebiotrade Web, Chinese Bio-Equip Web, Bioon Web
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ren, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOUTHEAST UNIV PRESS
PI NANJING
PA 2 SIPAILOU, NANJING 210096, PEOPLES R CHINA
BN 978-7-5641-1842-6
PY 2009
BP 19
EP 19
PG 1
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA BLN50
UT WOS:000270587800012
ER
PT S
AU Taylor, SE
Bernard, ML
Verzi, SJ
Morrow, JD
Vineyard, CM
Healy, MJ
Caudell, TP
AF Taylor, S. E.
Bernard, M. L.
Verzi, S. J.
Morrow, J. D.
Vineyard, C. M.
Healy, M. J.
Caudell, T. P.
GP IEEE
TI Temporal Semantics: An Adaptive Resonance Theory Approach
SO IJCNN: 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1- 6
SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks
CY JUN 14-19, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc
ID WORKING-MEMORY NETWORKS; NEURAL NETWORKS; RECOGNITION; TIME
AB Encoding sensor observations across time is a critical component in the ability to model cognitive processes. All biological cognitive systems receive sensory stimuli as continuous streams of observed data over time. Therefore, the perceptual grounding of all biological cognitive processing is in temporal semantic encodings, where the particular grounding semantics are sensor modalities. We introduce a technique that encodes temporal semantic data as temporally integrated patterns stored in Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) modules.
C1 [Taylor, S. E.; Bernard, M. L.; Verzi, S. J.; Morrow, J. D.; Vineyard, C. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Taylor, S. E.; Vineyard, C. M.; Healy, M. J.; Caudell, T. P.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Taylor, SE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM setaylo@sandia.gov; tpc@ece.unm.edu
FU Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energys
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This research was possible in part due to LDRD program support from
Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the
United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2161-4393
BN 978-1-4244-3549-4
J9 IEEE IJCNN
PY 2009
BP 2410
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware &
Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BQB78
UT WOS:000280591601093
ER
PT B
AU Bamberger, JA
Meyer, PA
AF Bamberger, Judith Ann
Meyer, Perry A.
GP ASME
TI INVESTIGATING USING OSCILLATING JETS FOR FLUID MIXING
SO IMECE 2008: HEAT TRANSFER, FLUID FLOWS, AND THERMAL SYSTEMS, VOL 10, PTS
A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID ATTENUATION; SLURRY
AB Scaled mixing experiments were conducted to evaluate maintaining mobilized particles in a uniform suspension (the condition of concentration uniformity) using jet pumps to mix the suspension. The study experimentally evaluated uniformity in a 1/12-scale experiment varying the Reynolds number, Froude number, and gravitational settling parameter space. The product of the jet exit velocity and nozzle diameter (U0D0) was used to scale the experimental conditions. The test matrix included a full factorial test between 100% and 50% U(0)D(0) and two half-factorial tests at 75% and 25% U(0)D(0). Evaluating points at 75% U(0)D(0) and 50% U(0)D(0) allowed evaluation of curvature. Eliminating points at 25% U(0)D(0) decreased the testing time by several weeks.
Test conditions were achieved by varying the simulant viscosity (mu), the mean particle size (d(p)), and the jet nozzle exit velocity (U(0)). Concentration measurements at sampling locations throughout the tank were used to assess the degree of uniformity achieved during each test. Concentration data was obtained using a real time ultrasonic attenuation probe and The undissolved discrete batch samples. solids concentration at these locations was analyzed to determine whether the tank contents were uniform (< +/- 10% variation about mean) or nonuniform (> +/- 10% variation about mean) in concentration. Concentration inhomogeneity was modeled as a function of dimensionless groups.
The two parameters that best describe the maximum solids volume fraction that can be suspended in a double-shell tank were found to be 1) the Froude number (Fr) based on nozzle velocity (U(0)) and tank contents level (H) and 2) the dimensionless particle size (d(p)/D(0)). The dependence on the Reynolds number (Re) does not appear to be statistically significant.
C1 [Bamberger, Judith Ann; Meyer, Perry A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bamberger, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K7-15, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Judith.Bamberger@pnl.gov; Perry.Meyer@pnl.gov
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4871-5
PY 2009
BP 259
EP 267
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJE16
UT WOS:000265085300033
ER
PT B
AU Lee, SY
AF Lee, Si Y.
GP ASME
TI GAS MIXING ANALYSIS IN A LARGE-SCALED SALTSTONE FACILITY
SO IMECE 2008: HEAT TRANSFER, FLUID FLOWS, AND THERMAL SYSTEMS, VOL 10, PTS
A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
DE Flow Patterns; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Heat Transfer; Saltstone
Vault Facility
AB Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods have been used to estimate the flow patterns mainly driven by temperature gradients inside vapor space in a large-scaled Saltstone vault facility at Savannah River site (SRS). The purpose of this work is to examine the gas motions inside the vapor space under the current vault configurations by taking a three-dimensional transient momentum-energy coupled approach for the vapor space domain of the vault. The modeling calculations were based on prototypic vault geometry and expected normal operating conditions as defined by Waste Solidification Engineering. The modeling analysis was focused on the air flow patterns near the ventilated corner zones of the vapor space inside the Saltstone vault.
The turbulence behavior and natural convection mechanism used in the present model were benchmarked against the literature information and theoretical results. The verified model was applied to the Saltstone vault geometry for the transient assessment of the air flow patterns inside the vapor space of the vault region using the potential operating conditions.
The baseline model considered two cases for the estimations of the flow patterns within the vapor space. One is the reference baseline case. The other is for the negative temperature gradient between the roof inner and top grout surface temperatures intended for the potential bounding condition. The flow patterns of the vapor space calculated by the CFD model demonstrate that the ambient air comes into the vapor space of the vault through the lower-end ventilation hole, and it gets heated up by the Benard-cell type circulation before leaving the vault via the higher-end ventilation hole. The calculated results are consistent with the literature information. Detailed results and the cases considered in the calculations will be discussed here.
C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM si.lee@srnl.doe.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4871-5
PY 2009
BP 605
EP 612
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJE16
UT WOS:000265085300072
ER
PT B
AU Leishear, RA
Guerrero, HN
Restivo, ML
Sherwood, DJ
AF Leishear, Robert A.
Guerrero, Hector N.
Restivo, Michael L.
Sherwood, David J.
GP ASME
TI Mass Transfer Coefficients for a Bingham Fluid and Water With and
Without Anti-foam Agents
SO IMECE 2008: HEAT TRANSFER, FLUID FLOWS, AND THERMAL SYSTEMS, VOL 10, PTS
A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
DE Mass transfer coefficient; Bingham fluid; Newtonian fluid; anti-foam
agent
ID BUBBLE COLUMN
AB The equations describing mass transfer coefficients are rather concise, but experimental data is required to determine the coefficients. Here, mass transfer rates were measured in a large scale system, which consisted of an 8.4 meter tall by 0.76 meter diameter column containing one of three fluids: water with an anti-foam agent, water without an anti-foam agent, and a Bingham plastic fluid, referred to as AZ101 simulant. The Bingham fluid differed from water since it required an applied yield stress to initiate flow. Newtonian fluids, like water, have a zero yield stress. Each of the fluids was saturated with oxygen, and the oxygen was removed from solution as air bubbled up, or sparged, through the solution from the bottom of the column. Air sparging was supplied by a single pipe which was co-axial to the column. The decrease in oxygen concentration was recorded, and the oxygen measurements were then used to determine the mass transfer coefficients to describe the rate of oxygen transfer from solution.
Mass transfer data for 24 different lest conditions were determined. Superficial sparging velocities of 2, 5, and 10 mm/second were applied to each of the simulants at three different column fill levels, where the superficial velocity is defined as the average volumetric flow rate divided by the liquid surface area in the column. Mass transfer coefficient test results are presented herein for each test combination of superficial velocity and fluid level.
C1 [Leishear, Robert A.; Guerrero, Hector N.; Restivo, Michael L.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP Leishear, RA (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
EM Robert.Leishear@SRS.qov; Hector.Guerrero@SRS.gov;
Michael.Restivo@SRS.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4871-5
PY 2009
BP 1801
EP 1810
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BJE16
UT WOS:000265085301042
ER
PT B
AU Silin, D
Goloshubin, G
AF Silin, Dmitriy
Goloshubin, Gennady
GP ASME
TI SEISMIC WAVE REFLECTION FROM A PERMEABLE LAYER: LOW-FREQUENCY ASYMPTOTIC
ANALYSIS
SO IMECE 2008: MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, STRUCTURES AND FLUIDS, VOL 12
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID ELASTIC WAVES; PROPAGATION; ATTENUATION; RANGE; ROCKS
AB We study elastic wave propagation in a fluid-saturated porous medium. Low-frequency asymptotic analysis of Biot's model of poroelasticity yields the wave velocity, attenuation, and wave number as power series with respect to a small dimensionless parameter This parameter is the product of kinematic reservoir fluid mobility, imaginary unity, and the frequency of the signal. The simplified asymptotic relationships lead to explicit formulae for reflection and transmission coefficients for a planar wave crossing an interface between two permeable media. Theoretical calculations predict a peak of reflection from a thin highly-permeable lens in a low-frequency range. An explicit formula relates the resonance frequency to reservoir fluid mobility and reservoir thickness. The results have immediate practical implications for seismic modeling and attribute analysis.
C1 [Silin, Dmitriy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Silin, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM DSilin@lbl.gov; ggoloshubin@uh.edu
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4873-9
PY 2009
BP 47
EP 56
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BJE10
UT WOS:000265081000009
ER
PT B
AU Nguyen, BN
Kunc, V
Bapanapalli, SK
AF Nguyen, Ba Nghiep
Kunc, Vlastimil
Bapanapalli, Satish K.
GP ASME
TI CREEP MODELING FOR INJECTION-MOLDED LONG-FIBER THERMOPLASTICS
SO IMECE 2008: MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, STRUCTURES AND FLUIDS, VOL 12
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID ORIENTATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; MATRIX
AB This paper proposes a model to predict the creep response of injection-molded long, fiber thermoplastics (LFTs). The model accounts for elastic fibers embedded in a thermoplastic resin that exhibits the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior described by the Schapery's model. It also accounts for fiber length and orientation distributions in the composite formed by the injection-molding process. Fiber length and orientation distributions were measured and used in the analysis that applies the Eshelby's equivalent inclusion method, the Mori-Tanaka assumption (termed the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach) and the fiber orientation averaging technique to compute the overall strain increment resulting from an overall constant applied stress during a given time increment. The creep model for LFTs has been implemented in the ABAQUS finite element code via user-subroutines and has been validated against the experimental creep data obtained for long-glass-fiber/polypropylene specimens. The effects of Fiber orientation and length distributions on the composite creep response are determined and discussed.
C1 [Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Bapanapalli, Satish K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Nguyen, BN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Ba.Nguyen@pnl.gov
RI Kunc, Vlastimil/E-8270-2017
OI Kunc, Vlastimil/0000-0003-4405-7917
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4873-9
PY 2009
BP 511
EP 516
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BJE10
UT WOS:000265081000072
ER
PT B
AU Bapanapalli, SK
Nguyen, BN
AF Bapanapalli, Satish K.
Nguyen, Ba Nghiep
GP ASME
TI FORMING PREDICTION OF MAGNESIUM ALLOY SHEETS USING A CONTINUUM DAMAGE
MECHANICS MULTISTEP INVERSE APPROACH
SO IMECE 2008: NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN SIMULATION METHODS AND SOFTWARE FOR
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS, VOL 14
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID PARTS
AB This paper applies a multistep inverse approach using a new method to generate the intermediate configurations to analyze the press fort-ning of magnesium alloys. The developed approach considers a final configuration to be formed from a flat blank sheet. It accounts for a series of intermediate configurations that are estimated based on the initial and final configurations as well as tooling conditions using optimization techniques. These techniques minimize the sheet metal surface area subject to the constraints imposed on the punch and die. Due to the limited formability of magnesium alloys, it is important to realistically estimate the intermediate configurations so that a damage mechanics approach can be explored to predict damage accumulations that can cause rupture of the sheet during forming. Elastic-plastic constitutive laws are used with the modified Hill's criterion and deformation theory of plasticity to describe the behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloys. Damage is captured by a damage variable that governs the equivalent stress. A damage-plasticity coupled approach is employed for the integration of the constitutive equations. The computed strain increment from two consecutive intermediate configurations is used to predict the resulting damage accumulations during forming. The continuum damage mechanics multistep inverse approach is applied to predict forming of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets.
C1 [Bapanapalli, Satish K.; Nguyen, Ba Nghiep] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bapanapalli, SK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Ba.Nguyen@pnl.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4875-3
PY 2009
BP 27
EP 34
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BJC22
UT WOS:000264682500004
ER
PT B
AU McKellar, MG
Hawkes, GL
O'Brien, JE
AF McKellar, M. G.
Hawkes, G. L.
O'Brien, J. E.
GP ASME
TI THE PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS VIA HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS AND BIOMASS
GASIFICATION
SO IMECE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2008, VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
AB A process model of syngas production using high temperature electrolysis and biomass gasification is presented. Process heat from the biomass gasifier is used to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the steam electrolysis process. Hydrogen from electrolysis allows a high utilization of the biomass carbon for syngas production. Based on the gasifier temperature, 94% to 95% of the carbon in the biomass becomes carbon monoxide in the syngas (carbon dioxide and hydrogen). Assuming the thermal efficiency of the power cycle for electricity generation is 50%, (as expected from GEN IV nuclear reactors), the syngas production efficiency ranges from 70% to 73% as the gasifier temperature decreases from 1900 K to 1500 K.
C1 [McKellar, M. G.; Hawkes, G. L.; O'Brien, J. E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP McKellar, MG (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
OI Hawkes, Grant/0000-0003-3496-8100
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4869-2
PY 2009
BP 229
EP 235
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BJG88
UT WOS:000265684200023
ER
PT B
AU Hawkes, G
O'Brien, J
AF Hawkes, Grant
O'Brien, James
GP ASME
TI 3D CFD ELECTROCHEMICAL AND HEAT TRANSFER MODEL OF AN INTEGRATED-PLANAR
SOLID OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS CELLS
SO IMECE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2008, VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; NUCLEAR-ENERGY
AB A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) electrochemical model has been created to assess high-temperature electrolysis performance of an Integrated Planar porous-tube-supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (IP-SOEC). The model includes ten integrated planar cells in a segmented-in-series geometry deposited on a flattened ceramic support tube. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation and transport are provided via the core features of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, Nernst potential, operating potential, activation over-potential, anode-side gas composition, cathode-side gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Predicted mean outlet hydrogen and steam concentrations vary linearly with current density, as expected. Contour plots of local electrolyte temperature, Current density, and Nernst potential indicated the effects of hear transfer, endothermic reaction, Ohmic hearing, and change in local gas composition.
Results are discussed for using this design in the electrolysis mode. Discussion of. thermal neutral voltage, enthalpy of reaction, hydrogen production is reported herein. Predictions show negative pressure in the H(2) electrode, indicating a possible limit of H(2)O diffusion through the ceramic tube. Minimum temperatures occur in the fuel and air downstream corner of the ceramic tube for voltages below the thermal neutral point.
C1 [Hawkes, Grant; O'Brien, James] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Hawkes, G (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
OI Hawkes, Grant/0000-0003-3496-8100
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4869-2
PY 2009
BP 417
EP 425
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BJG88
UT WOS:000265684200044
ER
PT B
AU Stoots, C
O'Brien, J
Herring, J
Hartvigsen, J
AF Stoots, C.
O'Brien, J.
Herring, J.
Hartvigsen, J.
GP ASME
TI RECENT PROGRESS AT THE IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY IN HIGH TEMPERATURE
ELECTROLYSIS FOR HYDROGEN AND SYNGAS PRODUCTION
SO IMECE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2008, VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
AB This paper presents the most recent results of experiments conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) studying electrolysis of steam and coelectrolysis of steam / carbon dioxide in solid-oxide electrolysis stacks. Single button cell tests as well as multi-cell stack testing have been conducted. Multi-cell stack testing used 10 x 10 cm cells (8 x 8 cm active area) supplied by Ceramatec, Inc (Salt Lake City, Utah, USA) and ranged from 10 cell short stacks to 240 cell modules. Tests were conducted either in a bench-scale test apparatus or in a newly developed 5 kW Integrated Laboratory Scale (ILS) test facility. Gas composition, operating voltage, and operating temperature were varied during testing. The tests were heavily instrumented, and outlet gas compositions were monitored with a gas chromatograph. The ILS facility is Currently being expanded to 15 kW testing capacity (H(2) production rate based upon lower heating value).
C1 [Stoots, C.; O'Brien, J.; Herring, J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Stoots, C (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM carl.stoots@inl.gov; james.obrien@ini.gov; j.herring@inl.gov;
jjh@ceramatec.com
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4869-2
PY 2009
BP 627
EP 638
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BJG88
UT WOS:000265684200066
ER
PT B
AU O'Brien, JE
AF O'Brien, J. E.
GP ASME
TI THERMODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR THERMAL WATER SPLITTING PROCESSES AND
HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS
SO IMECE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2008, VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
ID NUCLEAR-ENERGY; HYDROGEN; PERFORMANCE
AB A general thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production based on thermal water splitting processes is presented. Results of the analysis show that the overall efficiency of any thermal water splitting process operating between two temperature limits is proportional to the Carnot efficiency. Implications of thermodynamic efficiency limits and the impacts of loss mechanisms and operating conditions are discussed as they pertain specifically to hydrogen production based oil high-temperature electrolysis. Overall system performance predictions are also presented for high-temperature electrolysis plants powered by three different advanced nuclear reactor types, over their respective operating temperature ranges.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP O'Brien, JE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4869-2
PY 2009
BP 639
EP 651
PG 13
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BJG88
UT WOS:000265684200067
ER
PT B
AU Housley, GK
O'Brien, JE
Hawkes, GL
AF Housley, G. K.
O'Brien, J. E.
Hawkes, G. L.
GP ASME
TI DESIGN OF A COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGER FOR HEAT RECUPERATION FROM A HIGH
TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
SO IMECE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2008, VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
AB Design details of a compact heat exchanger and Supporting hardware for heat recuperation in a high-temperature electrolysis application are presented. The recuperative heat exchanger uses a vacuum-brazed plate-fin design and operates between 300 and 800 degrees C. It includes corrugated inserts for enhancement of heat transfer coefficients and extended heat transfer surface area. Two recuperative heat exchangers are required per each four-stack electrolysis module. The heat exchangers are mated to a base manifold unit that distributes the inlet and outlet flows to and from the four electrolysis stacks. Results of heat exchanger design calculations and assembly details are also presented.
C1 [Housley, G. K.; O'Brien, J. E.; Hawkes, G. L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Housley, GK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
OI Hawkes, Grant/0000-0003-3496-8100
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4869-2
PY 2009
BP 653
EP 660
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BJG88
UT WOS:000265684200068
ER
PT B
AU Smith, C
AF Smith, Curtis
GP ASME
TI REPRESENTING COMMON-CAUSE FAILURES IN THE SAPHIRE SOFTWARE
SO IMECE 2008: SAFETY ENGINEERING, RISK ANALYSIS, AND RELIABILITY METHODS,
VOL 16
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers
AB Currently, the risk analysis software SAPHIRE has implemented a common-cause failure (CCF) module to represent standard CCF methods such as alpha-factor and multiple Greek letter approaches. However, changes to SAPHIRE are required to support the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's 2007 "Risk Assessment Standardization Project" CCF analysis guidance for events assessment. This guidance provides an outline of how both the nominal CCF probabilities and conditional (e.g., after a redundant component has failed) CCF probabilities should be calculated. Based upon user-provided input and extending the limitations in the current version of SAPHIRE, the CCF module calculations will be made consistent with the new guidance. The CCF modifications will involve changes to (1) the SAPHIRE graphical user interface directing how end-users and modelers interface with PRA models and (2) algorithmic changes as required. Included in the modifications will be the possibility to treat CCF probability adjustments based upon failure types (e.g., independent versus dependent) and failure modes (e.g., failure-to-run versus failure-to-start).
In general, SAPHIRE is being modified to allow the risk analyst to define a CCF object. This object is defined in terms of a basic event. For the CCF object, the analyst would need to specify a minimal set of information, including:
The number of redundant components
The failure criteria (how many component have to fail)
The CCF model type (alpha-factor, MGL, or beta-factor)
The parameters (e.g., the alpha-factors) associated with the model
Staggered or non-staggered testing assumption
Default level of detail (expanded, showing all of the specific failure combinations, or not)
This paper will outline both the theory behind the probabilistic calculations and the resulting implementation in the SAPHIRE software.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Smith, C (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4877-7
PY 2009
BP 155
EP 162
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BJC24
UT WOS:000264685400022
ER
PT S
AU Rector, DM
Yao, XC
Harper, RM
George, JS
AF Rector, David M.
Yao, Xincheng
Harper, Ronald M.
George, John S.
BE Frostig, RD
TI In Vivo Observations of Rapid Scattered Light Changes Associated with
Neurophysiological Activity
SO IN VIVO OPTICAL IMAGING OF BRAIN FUNCTION, SECOND EDITION
SE Frontiers in Neuroscience
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INTRINSIC OPTICAL SIGNALS; SQUID GIANT-AXONS; FREELY BEHAVING ANIMALS;
NEAR-INFRARED LIGHT; RAT BARREL CORTEX; FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE; NEURAL
ACTIVITY; VISUAL-CORTEX; NONINVASIVE DETECTION; EXTRACELLULAR-SPACE
C1 [Rector, David M.] Washington State Univ, Dept VCAPP, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Yao, Xincheng] Univ Alabama, Dept Biomed Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Harper, Ronald M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[George, John S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biol & Quantum Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Rector, DM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept VCAPP, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 89
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-5723
BN 978-1-4200-7684-4
J9 FRONT NEUROSCI
JI Front. Neurosci.
PY 2009
BP 143
EP +
D2 10.1201/9781420076851
PG 30
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA BKK00
UT WOS:000268336500005
ER
PT J
AU Pfeffer, A
Das, S
Lawles, D
Ng, B
AF Pfeffer, Avi
Das, Subrata
Lawles, David
Ng, Brenda
TI Factored reasoning for monitoring dynamic team and goal formation
SO INFORMATION FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE Particle filtering; Goal detection; Threat detection; Multiagent
tracking
AB We study the problem of monitoring goals, team structure and state of agents, in dynamic systems where teams and goals change over time. The setting for our study is an asymmetric urban warfare environment in which uncoordinated or loosely coordinated units may attempt to attack an important target. The task is to detect a threat Such as an ambush, as early as possible. We attempt to provide decision-makers with early warnings, by simultaneously monitoring the positions of units, the teams to which they belong, and the goals of units. The hope is that we can detect situations in which teams of units simultaneously make movements headed towards a target, and we can detect their goal before they get to the target. By reasoning about teams, we may be able to detect threats sooner than if we reasoned about units individually. We develop a model in which the state space is decomposed into individual units' positions, team assignments and team goals. When a unit belongs to a team it adopts the team's goal. An individual unit's movement depends only on its own goal, but different units interact as they form teams and adopt new goals. We present an algorithm that simultaneously tracks the positions of units, the team structure and team goals. Goals are inferred from two sources: individual units' behavior, which provides information about their goals, and communications by units, which provides evidence about team formation. Our algorithm reasons globally about interactions between units and team formation, and locally about individual units' behavior. We show that our algorithm performs well at the task, scaling to twenty units. It performs significantly better than several alternative algorithms: standard particle filtering, standard factored particle filtering, and an algorithm that performs all reasoning locally within the units. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pfeffer, Avi] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ng, Brenda] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Pfeffer, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM avi@eecs.harvard.edu
FU ONR; OSD
FX This work has been performed under several contracts funded by ONR and
OSD, with special thanks to Dr. Wendy Martinez.
NR 12
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-2535
J9 INFORM FUSION
JI Inf. Fusion
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 1
SI SI
BP 99
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.inffus.2008.05.005
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 368TD
UT WOS:000260644500008
ER
PT B
AU Young, RR
AF Young, Robert R.
BE Wexler, P
TI Genetic Toxicology
SO INFORMATION RESOURCES IN TOXICOLOGY, 4TH EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Young, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1060 Commerce Pk,6480, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 9780-0-80-92003-0
PY 2009
BP 297
EP 305
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373593-5.00033-1
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA BEI30
UT WOS:000316691900038
ER
PT B
AU LePoire, DJ
AF LePoire, David J.
BE Wagner, CG
TI Sailing and Surfing Through Complexity Emerging Contexts of Energy,
Environmental, and Society Transitions
SO INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY IN A COMPLEX WORLD
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the World-Furture-Society
CY JUN 17-JUL 19, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP World Future Soc
ID TECHNOLOGY; EVOLUTION; MODELS
C1 [LePoire, David J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dlepoire@anl.gov
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU WORLD FUTURE SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 4916 ST ELMO AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20014 USA
BN 978-0-930242-66-4
PY 2009
BP 227
EP 239
PG 13
WC Social Issues
SC Social Issues
GA BLG20
UT WOS:000270103400014
ER
PT J
AU Arce, AJ
Chierotti, MR
De Sanctis, Y
Gobetto, R
Gonzalez, T
Machado, R
Marquez, M
AF Arce, Alejandro J.
Chierotti, Michele R.
De Sanctis, Ysaura
Gobetto, Roberto
Gonzalez, Teresa
Machado, Ruben
Marquez, Manuel
TI Non-aromatic stabilised form of 3,4-difluoropyrrole at triosmium
clusters: N-H and C-H versus C-F activation
SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Triosmium clusters; 3,4-Difluoropyrrole; C-F activation
ID OXIDATIVE ADDITION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; BOND ACTIVATION; COMPLEXES;
THIOPHENE; PYRROLE
AB Reaction of 3,4-difluoropyrrole with the labile triosmium cluster [Os(3)(CO)(10)(CH(3)CN)(2)] affords products in which C-H, N-H and C-F bonds are cleaved under mild conditions. C-H and N-H bonds are cleaved to give [Os(3)H(N=CCF=CFCH(2))(CO)(10)] (1) a non-aromatic stabilised form of 3,4-difluoropyrrole. Thermolysis of 1 affords in moderate yields the compounds [Os(3)H(2)(C=CCF=CHNH)(CO)(9)] (2) and [Os(3)H(2)(N=CHCF=CFC)(CO)(9)] (3). For compound 3, C-H and N-H bonds are cleaved with concomitant migration of H atoms to the metal framework. In contrast, for compound 2 activation of C-H and C-F bonds leads to coordination of the ligand through the carbon atoms, acting as a four-electron donating species. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arce, Alejandro J.; De Sanctis, Ysaura; Gonzalez, Teresa; Machado, Ruben] Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Ctr Quim, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
[Chierotti, Michele R.; Gobetto, Roberto] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Chim IFM, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Marquez, Manuel] Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Marquez, Manuel] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Arce, AJ (reprint author), Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Ctr Quim, Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
EM aarce@ivic.ve
FU FONACIT [S1-200100065, LAB-97000665]
FX We thank FONACIT for Projects S1-200100065 and LAB-97000665.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0020-1693
J9 INORG CHIM ACTA
JI Inorg. Chim. Acta
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 362
IS 1
BP 291
EP 294
DI 10.1016/j.ica.2008.03.025
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 377TV
UT WOS:000261274400045
ER
PT B
AU Beznosko, D
Dyshkant, A
Jung, CK
McGrew, C
Pla-Dalmau, A
Rykalin, V
AF Beznosko, D.
Dyshkant, A.
Jung, C. K.
McGrew, C.
Pla-Dalmau, A.
Rykalin, V.
BE Mcintire, R
Donnell, P
TI THE COUPLING OF THE MRS PHOTODIODE WITH COATED EXTRUDED SCINTILLATOR
USING Y7 AND Y11 WLS FIBERS
SO INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, PHOTODIODES AND ORGANIC FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
AB Extruded scintillator with co-extruded hole and reflective coating will be used both in MINERvA and T2K experiments. We have studied WLS (wavelength shifting) fibers (Y11 and Y7) for different shapes of the extruded scintillator readout using MRS (Metal/Resistor/Semiconductor) photodiode. The Y7 fiber was considered because of its lower then Y11 cost. The purpose was to find out which fiber performs better in above configurations. First, the responses for both types of fibers, with and without optical grease, were measured by PMT (Photomultiplier Tube). The PE (photoelectron) yield from cosmic rays for different scintillator shapes and both fiber types, as seen by MRS photodiode, are reported. The attenuation lengths of Y11 and Y7 were measured using MRS Photodiode. Y7 fiber shows somewhat better performance at short distances from the photo detector, while Y11 performs better at larger lengths.
C1 [Beznosko, D.; Jung, C. K.; McGrew, C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Dyshkant, A.; Rykalin, V.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Pla-Dalmau, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Beznosko, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM dima@dozory.org
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60692-660-4
PY 2009
BP 395
EP 403
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BNU62
UT WOS:000275606100014
ER
PT S
AU Gin, AV
Kemme, SA
Boye, RR
Peters, DW
Ihlefeld, JF
Briggs, RD
Wendt, JR
Marshall, LH
Carter, TR
Samora, S
AF Gin, A. V.
Kemme, S. A.
Boye, R. R.
Peters, D. W.
Ihlefeld, J. F.
Briggs, R. D.
Wendt, J. R.
Marshall, L. H.
Carter, T. R.
Samora, S.
BE Broquin, JE
Greiner, CM
TI ACTIVE RESONANT SUBWAVELENGTH GRATING DEVICES FOR HIGH SPEED
SPECTROSCOPIC SENSING
SO INTEGRATED OPTICS: DEVICES, MATERIALS, AND TECHNOLOGIES XIII
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Integrated Optics - Devices, Materials, and Technologies
XIII
CY JAN 26-28, 2009
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE
DE Active Filter; Multi-color; Resonant Subwavelength Grating; Electrooptic
Device
ID WAVE-GUIDE STRUCTURES; THIN-FILMS
AB In this paper, we describe progress towards a multi-color spectrometer and radiometer based upon an active resonant subwavelength grating (RSG). This active RSG component acts as a tunable high-speed optical filter that allows device miniaturization and ruggedization not realizable using current sensors with conventional bulk optics. Furthermore, the geometrical characteristics of the device allow for inherently high speed operation. Because of the small critical dimensions of the RSG devices, the fabrication of these sensors can prove challenging. However, we utilize the state-of-the-art capabilities at Sandia National Laboratories to realize these subwavelength grating devices. This work also leverages previous work on passive RSG devices with greater than 98% efficiency and similar to 1nm FWHM.
Rigorous coupled wave analysis has been utilized to design RSG devices with PLZT, PMN-PT and BaTiO(3) electrooptic thin films on sapphire substrates. The simulated interdigitated electrode configuration achieves field strengths around 3x10(7) V/m. This translates to an increase in the refractive index of 0.05 with a 40V bias potential resulting in a 90% contrast of the modulated optical signal. We have fabricated several active RSG devices on selected electro-optic materials and we discuss the latest experimental results on these devices with variable electrostatic bias and a tunable wavelength source around 1.5 mu m. Finally, we present the proposed data acquisition hardware and system integration plans.
C1 [Gin, A. V.; Kemme, S. A.; Boye, R. R.; Peters, D. W.; Ihlefeld, J. F.; Briggs, R. D.; Wendt, J. R.; Marshall, L. H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Gin, AV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM agin@sandia.gov
RI Ihlefeld, Jon/B-3117-2009; Gin, Aaron/E-3647-2010
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7464-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2009
VL 7218
AR 721815
DI 10.1117/12.809645
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics; Physics
GA BST62
UT WOS:000285748100027
ER
PT S
AU Gutfraind, A
Hagberg, A
Pan, F
AF Gutfraind, Alexander
Hagberg, Aric
Pan, Feng
BE VanHoeve, WJ
Hooker, JN
TI Optimal Interdiction of Unreactive Markovian Evaders
SO INTEGRATION OF AI AND OR TECHNIQUES IN CONSTRAINT PROGRAMMING FOR
COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS, PROCEEDINGS
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference Integration of AI and OR Techniques in
Constraint Programming for Combinatial Optimization Problems
CY MAY 27-31, 2009
CL Pittsburgh, PA
ID NETWORK
AB The interdiction problem arises in a variety of areas including military logistics, infectious disease control, and counter-terrorism. In the typical formulation of network interdiction, the task of the interdictor is to find a set of edges in a weighted network such that the removal of those edges would maximally increase the cost to an evader of traveling on a path through the network.
Our work is motivated by cases in which the evader has incomplete information about the network or lacks planning time or computational power, e.g. when authorities set up roadblocks to catch bank robbers, the criminals do not know all the roadblock locations or the best path to use for their escape.
We introduce a model of network interdiction in which the motion of one or more evaders is described by Markov processes and the evaders are assumed not to react to interdiction decisions. The interdiction objective is to find an edge set of sire B, that maximizes the probability of capturing the evaders.
We prove that similar to the standard least-cost formulation for deterministic motion this interdiction problem is also NP-hard. But unlike that problem our interdiction problem is submodular and the optimal solution can be approximated within 1 - 1/e using a greedy algorithm. Additionally, we exploit submodularity through a priority evaluation strategy that eliminates the linear complexity scaling in the number of network edges and speeds up the solution by orders of magnitude. Taken together the results bring closer the goal of finding realistic solutions to the interdiction problem on global-scale networks.
C1 [Gutfraind, Alexander] Cornell Univ, Ctr Appl Math, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hagberg, Aric] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ris Anal & Decis Support Syst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gutfraind, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ctr Appl Math, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM ag362@cornell.edu; hagberg@lanl.gov; fpan@lanl.gov
RI Gutfraind, Alexander/E-9641-2011
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory through the Laboratory Directed Research
and Development Program. [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX AG would like to thank Jon Kleinberg for inspiring lectures, David
Shmoys for a helpful discussion and assistance with software, and Vadas
Gintautas for support. Part of this work was funded by the Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396 through the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program.
NR 17
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-01928-9
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2009
VL 5547
BP 102
EP +
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research &
Management Science
SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science
GA BKN06
UT WOS:000268631000009
ER
PT J
AU LaBarge, MA
Nelson, CM
Villadsen, R
Fridriksdottir, A
Ruth, JR
Stampfer, MR
Petersen, OW
Bissell, MJ
AF LaBarge, Mark A.
Nelson, Celeste M.
Villadsen, Rene
Fridriksdottir, Agla
Ruth, Jason R.
Stampfer, Martha R.
Petersen, Ole W.
Bissell, Mina J.
TI Human mammary progenitor cell fate decisions are products of
interactions with combinatorial microenvironments
SO INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAST EPITHELIAL-CELLS; STEM-CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ADHESION
MOLECULES; CANCER; DIFFERENTIATION; GLAND; MICE; CARCINOMAS; EXPRESSION
AB In adult tissues, multi-potent progenitor cells are some of the most primitive members of the developmental hierarchies that maintain homeostasis. That progenitors and their more mature progeny share identical genomes, suggests that fate decisions are directed by interactions with extrinsic soluble factors, ECK and other cells, as well as physical properties of the ECM. To understand regulation of fate decisions, therefore, would require a means of understanding carefully choreographed combinatorial interactions. Here we used microenvironment protein microarrays to functionally identify combinations of cell-extrinsic mammary gland proteins and ECM molecules that imposed specific cell fates oil bipotent human mammary progenitor cells. Micropatterned cell culture surfaces were fabricated to distinguish between the instructive effects of cell-cell versus cell-ECM interactions, as well as constellations of signaling molecules; and these were used ill Conjunction with physiologically relevant 3 dimensional human breast cultures. Both immortalized and primary human breast progenitors were analyzed. We report on the functional ability of those proteins of the mammary gland that maintain quiescence, maintain the progenitor state, and guide progenitor differentiation towards myoepithelial and luminal lineages.
C1 [LaBarge, Mark A.; Nelson, Celeste M.; Ruth, Jason R.; Stampfer, Martha R.; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Villadsen, Rene; Fridriksdottir, Agla] Univ Copenhagen, Panum Inst, Dept Med Anat, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP LaBarge, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM MALabarge@lbl.gov; MJBissell@lbl.gov
RI LaBarge, Mark/E-2621-2013; Fridriksdottir, Agla/O-3768-2015;
OI Fridriksdottir, Agla/0000-0002-5582-5996; Villadsen,
Rene/0000-0002-5226-381X
FU OBER Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S.
Department of Energy; National Institute of Health [R01CA064786]; U.S.
Department of Defense [DAMD170210438, W81XWH-04-1-0582]; European
Commission Research Directorates [HPRN-CT-2002-00246]; Danish Research
Agency [2107-05-0006]; Danish Cancer Society [DP0763]; Burroughs
Wellcome Fund; American Cancer Society
FX We thank Drs Charles C. Kim and Adam Carroll from the University of
California, San Francisco for lending their expertise in robot operation
and microarray analysis. This work was supported by the grants from OBER
Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy (SC-BSO and a Distinguished Fellow Award to MJB), by National
Institute of Health (R01CA064786 to MJB and OWP, and the U.S. Department
of Defense (DAMD170210438, an Innovator Award to MJB, and
W81XWH-04-1-0582 to CMN). OWP, RV, and AF are supported by The European
Commission Research Directorates (contract HPRN-CT-2002-00246), The
Danish Research Agency (contract 2107-05-0006), and the Danish Cancer
Society (DP0763). CMN holds a Career Award at the Scientific Interface
from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. MAL is supported by a postdoctoral
fellowship from the American Cancer Society.
NR 41
TC 104
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1757-9694
J9 INTEGR BIOL
JI Integr. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 70
EP 79
DI 10.1039/b816472j
PG 10
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA 457ZL
UT WOS:000266978200008
PM 20023793
ER
PT J
AU Fernandez-Gonzalez, R
Illa-Bochaca, I
Welm, BE
Fleisch, MC
Werb, Z
Ortiz-De-Solorzano, C
Barcellos-Hoff, MH
AF Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo
Illa-Bochaca, Irineu
Welm, Bryan E.
Fleisch, Markus C.
Werb, Zena
Ortiz-de-Solorzano, Carlos
Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
TI Mapping mammary gland architecture using multi-scale in situ analysis
SO INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPLATE DNA STRANDS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; MUSCLE SATELLITE CELLS;
EPITHELIAL STEM-CELLS; HUMAN BREAST; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR;
MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION
AB We have built a novel computational microscopy platform that integrates image acquisition, storage, processing and analysis to study cell populations in situ. This platform allows high-content studies where multiple features are measured and linked at multiple scales. We used this approach to study the cellular composition and architecture of the mouse mammary gland by quantitatively tracking the distribution and type, position, proliferative state, and hormone receptor status of epithelial cells that incorporated bromodeoxyuridine while undergoing DNA synthesis during puberty and retained this label in the adult gland as a function of tissue structure. Immunofluorescence was used to identify label-retaining cells, as well as epithelial cells expressing the proteins progesterone receptor and P63. Only 3.6% of luminal cells were label-retaining cells, the majority of which did not express the progesterone receptor. Multi-scale in situ analysis revealed that luminal label-retaining cells have a distinct nuclear morphology, are enriched 3.4-fold in large ducts, and are distributed asymmetrically across the tissue. We postulated that LRC enriched in the ventral mammary gland represent progenitor cells. Epithelial cells isolated from the ventral versus the dorsal portion of the gland were enriched for the putative stem cell markers CD24 and CD49f its measured by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Thus, quantitative analysis of the cellular composition of the mammary epithelium across spatial scales identified a previously unrecognized architecture in which the ventral-most, large ducts contain a reservoir of undifferentiated, putative stem cells.
C1 [Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Joint Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Welm, Bryan E.; Werb, Zena] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Welm, Bryan E.; Werb, Zena] Univ Calif San Francisco, Program Biomed Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Ortiz-de-Solorzano, Carlos] Univ Navarra, Ctr Appl Med Res, Morphol & Imaging Grp, Pamplona 31008, Navarre, Spain.
[Ortiz-de-Solorzano, Carlos] Univ Navarra, Ctr Appl Med Res, Canc Imaging Lab, Pamplona 31008, Navarre, Spain.
[Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu; Fleisch, Markus C.; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Canc Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Fernandez-Gonzalez, R (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Sloan Kettering Inst, Dev Biol Program, New York, NY 10065 USA.
EM mhbarcellos-hoff@nyumc.org
RI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/G-3278-2010; Fernandez-Gonzalez,
Rodrigo/F-6145-2012; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu/K-3191-2013; Fleisch,
Markus/E-4134-2014
OI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/0000-0001-8720-0205; Illa-Bochaca,
Irineu/0000-0002-8039-565X; Fleisch, Markus/0000-0002-8966-4721
FU Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program [DAMD 17-03-1-0594,
DAMD 17-00-1-0227, DAMD 17-00-1-0306]; National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences; National Cancer Institute [U01 ES012801]
FX The authors would like to thank Rosie Chau, Claudia Kuper and Shraddha
Ravani for technical help, Dr Daniel Medina for continued discussion and
advice, and Drs Mohamed Bentires-Alj and Mark LaBarge for critical
reading of this manuscript. We thank Ignacio Arganda-Carreras for
generating the image in the graphical abstract using R3D2. This work was
supported by funds from the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research
Program (predoctoral fellowship DAMD 17-03-1-0594 to RFG; grants DAMD
17-00-1-0227 and DAMD 17-00-1-0306 COS) and a grant jointly funded by
the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National
Cancer Institute (U01 ES012801 to MHBH and ZW). The authors declare no
competing interests.
NR 48
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1757-9694
J9 INTEGR BIOL
JI Integr. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 80
EP 89
DI 10.1039/b816933k
PG 10
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA 457ZL
UT WOS:000266978200009
PM 20023794
ER
PT J
AU Gama, J
Ganguly, A
Omitaomu, O
Vatsavai, R
Gaber, M
AF Gama, Joao
Ganguly, Auroop
Omitaomu, Olufemi
Vatsavai, Raju
Gaber, Mohamed
TI Knowledge discovery from data streams Introduction
SO INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gama, Joao] Univ Porto, LIAAD, Oporto, Portugal.
[Ganguly, Auroop; Omitaomu, Olufemi; Vatsavai, Raju] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Gaber, Mohamed] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Gama, J (reprint author), Univ Porto, LIAAD, Oporto, Portugal.
OI Gama, Joao/0000-0003-3357-1195
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1088-467X
J9 INTELL DATA ANAL
JI Intell. Data Anal.
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 3
BP 403
EP 404
DI 10.3233/IDA-2009-0372
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA 461PM
UT WOS:000267280500001
ER
PT J
AU Agovic, A
Banerjee, A
Ganguly, A
Protopopescu, V
AF Agovic, Amrudin
Banerjee, Arindam
Ganguly, Auroop
Protopopescu, Vladimir
TI Anomaly detection using manifold embedding and its applications in
transportation corridors
SO INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Data Streams
CY 2007
CL Warsaw, POLAND
SP Amer Comp Mach
AB The formation of secure transportation corridors, where cargoes and shipments from points of entry can be dispatched safely to highly sensitive and secure locations, is a high national priority. One of the key tasks of the program is the detection of anomalous cargo based on sensor readings in truck weigh stations. Due to the high variability, dimensionality, and/or noise content of sensor data in transportation corridors, appropriate feature representation is crucial to the success of anomaly detection methods in this domain. In this paper, we empirically investigate the usefulness of manifold embedding methods for feature representation in anomaly detection problems in the domain of transportation corridors. We focus on both linear methods, such as multi-dimensional scaling (MDS), as well as nonlinear methods, such as locally linear embedding (LLE) and isometric feature mapping (ISOMAP). Our study indicates that such embedding methods provide a natural mechanism for keeping anomalous points away from the dense/normal regions in the embedding of the data. We illustrate the efficacy of manifold embedding methods for anomaly detection through experiments on simulated data as well as real truck data from weigh stations.
C1 [Agovic, Amrudin; Banerjee, Arindam] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN USA.
[Ganguly, Auroop; Protopopescu, Vladimir] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Agovic, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN USA.
EM agov0002@umn.edu
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1088-467X
EI 1571-4128
J9 INTELL DATA ANAL
JI Intell. Data Anal.
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 3
BP 435
EP 455
DI 10.3233/IDA-2009-0375
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA 461PM
UT WOS:000267280500004
ER
PT S
AU Ma, X
Djouadi, SM
Kuruganti, T
Nutaro, JJ
Drira, A
AF Ma, Xiao
Djouadi, Seddik M.
Kuruganti, Teja
Nutaro, James J.
Drira, Anis
BE Beji, L
Otmane, S
Abichou, A
TI Estimation over Unreliable Communication Links without Arrival
Information of Packet Losses
SO INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Mediterranean Conference on Intelligent Systems and Automation (CISA
2009)
CY MAR 23-25, 2009
CL Zarzis, TUNISIA
SP Univ Evry Val d Essonne, Natl Sci Res Ctr, Polytechn Sch Tunisia, Tunisian Minist Higher Educat Sci Res & Technol
DE Estimation; Kalman filter; packet dropouts; unreliable communication;
stochastic control
ID SYSTEMS
AB This paper considers the estimation of a linear stochastic discrete-time system through an unreliable network. Packet losses from the sensor to the estimator are assumed to follow a Bernoulli distribution, while information loss at any time is not assumed to be available at the receiver. A new estimator is derived from the Kalman filter by using the probability of packet arrivals. It is shown that the new estimator provides a good estimate under unreliable communications with packet losses. The estimator is used successfully in a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller to stabilize an inverted pendulum system and compared to the standard Kalman filter.
C1 [Ma, Xiao; Djouadi, Seddik M.; Drira, Anis] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kuruganti, Teja; Nutaro, James J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ma, X (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM xma4@utk.edu; djouadi@eecs.utk.edu; kurugantipv@ornl.gov;
nutarojj@ornl.gov; adrira@utk.edu
OI Nutaro, James/0000-0001-7360-2836
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0642-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1107
BP 243
EP +
PG 3
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science
GA BJD94
UT WOS:000265071000040
ER
PT S
AU Kerstein, AR
AF Kerstein, A. R.
BE Hillebrandt, W
Kupka, F
TI One-Dimensional Turbulence Stochastic Simulation of Multi-Scale Dynamics
SO INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF TURBULENCE
SE Lecture Notes in Physics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interdisciplinary Aspects of Turbulence
CY 2005
CL Ringberg Castle, GERMANY
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; RAYLEIGH-NUMBER CONVECTION; PREMIXED FLAMES;
SCALING PROPERTIES; MODEL FORMULATION; DIFFUSION FLAMES; FLOWS;
TRANSPORT; LAYER; STATISTICS
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Kerstein, AR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM arkerst@sandia.gov
NR 71
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0075-8450
BN 978-3-540-78960-4
J9 LECT NOTES PHYS
PY 2009
VL 756
BP 291
EP 333
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-78961-1_8
PG 43
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BJA00
UT WOS:000264085200008
ER
PT S
AU Sulchek, T
Friddle, R
Ratto, T
Albrecht, H
DeNardo, S
Noy, A
AF Sulchek, Todd
Friddle, Raymond
Ratto, Timothy
Albrecht, Huguette
DeNardo, Sally
Noy, Aleksandr
BE Sadhal, SS
TI Single-Molecule Approach to Understanding Multivalent Binding Kinetics
SO INTERDISCIPLINARY TRANSPORT PHENOMENA: FLUID, THERMAL, BIOLOGICAL,
MATERIALS, AND SPACE SCIENCES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Interdisciplinary Transport Phenomena - Fluid, Thermal, Biological,
Materials and Space Sciences
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Univ SE Calif/Rostislaw Kaichew Inst Phys Chem, Bansko, BULGARIA
SP Bulgarian Acad Sci, US Natl Sci Fdn
HO Univ SE Calif/Rostislaw Kaichew Inst Phys Chem
DE atomic force microscopy; force spectroscopy; cancer
ID DYNAMIC FORCE SPECTROSCOPY; BONDS; ADHESION; ANTIBODIES; DIABODIES;
STRENGTH; LIFETIME
AB Multivalency results from the simultaneous binding of multiple ligands with multiple receptors. Understanding the effect of multivalency on binding kinetics in molecular and cellular systems may aid the development of new types of therapeutics or countermeasures to pathogen infection. Here, we describe a method using single-molecule dynamic force spectroscopy to determine the binding strength of antibody-protein complexes as a function of binding valency in a direct and simple measurement. We used the atomic force microscope to measure the force required to rupture a single complex formed by the MUC1 protein, a cancer indicator, and therapeutic antibodies that target MUC1. We will show that nanomechanical polymer tethers can be used in a new manner to count the number of biological bonds formed. Mechanical work will disrupt these bonds and can be used to quantify the overall kinetics. This ability to form, count, and dissociate biological bonds with nanomechanical forces provides a powerful method to study the physical laws governing the interactions of biological molecules.
C1 [Sulchek, Todd; Friddle, Raymond; Ratto, Timothy; Noy, Aleksandr] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Albrecht, Huguette; DeNardo, Sally] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Sulchek, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave L231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM noy1@llnl.gov
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and
Development; National Cancer Institute [CA47829]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department: of
Energy by the University of Califorina, Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory; under Contract W-7405-Eng-48, and was supported in part by a
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and
Development grant and National Cancer Institute CA47829 grants.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 19
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND
SN 0077-8923
BN 978-1-57331-712-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2009
VL 1161
BP 74
EP 82
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04070.x
PG 9
WC Biophysics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Biophysics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BJI88
UT WOS:000266236000006
PM 19426307
ER
PT S
AU Moreno, A
Yokaichiya, F
Dimasi, E
Stojanoff, V
AF Moreno, Abel
Yokaichiya, Fabiano
Dimasi, Elaine
Stojanoff, Vivian
BE Sadhal, SS
TI Growth and Characterization of High-quality Protein Crystals for X-ray
Crystallography
SO INTERDISCIPLINARY TRANSPORT PHENOMENA: FLUID, THERMAL, BIOLOGICAL,
MATERIALS, AND SPACE SCIENCES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Interdisciplinary Transport Phenomena - Fluid, Thermal, Biological,
Materials and Space Sciences
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Univ SE Calif/Rostislaw Kaichew Inst Phys Chem, Bansko, BULGARIA
SP Bulgarian Acad Sci, US Natl Sci Fdn
HO Univ SE Calif/Rostislaw Kaichew Inst Phys Chem
DE proteins; crystal growth in gels; magnetic fields; lysozyme crystals
ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELD; LYSOZYME CRYSTALS; CRYSTALLIZATION; CONVECTION;
PERFECTION; GELS
AB Tetragonal hen egg white lysozyme is grown by the batch method in solution and gel media to study the influence of high magnetic fields on the quality of macromolecular crystals. The crystallographic quality of crystals grown in the absence and in the presence of 7- and 10-T fields are analyzed in terms of mosaicity and high-resolution X-ray imaging methods. Crystals grown by the batch method from solution showed a remarkable enhancement of the crystallographic quality, although the overall crystal quality was higher for gel-grown crystals than solution-grown crystals. The observed improvement in crystal quality can be attributed to the suppression of convective transport during the crystal growth process and the control of the nucleation kinetics by the use of a magnetic force.
C1 [Dimasi, Elaine; Stojanoff, Vivian] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Moreno, Abel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Yokaichiya, Fabiano] Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Berlin, Germany.
RP Stojanoff, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 725D, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM stojanof@bnl.gov
RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012
OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X
FU Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico by the DGAPA-UNAM; NIH/NIGMS
[GM-0080]; [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX Project. No 91999 as well as to Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
by the DGAPA-UNAM. The X6A beam line and the National Synchrotron Light
Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; are funded by NIH/NIGMS under
agreement GM-0080 and Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886,
respectively:
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 16
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND
SN 0077-8923
BN 978-1-57331-712-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2009
VL 1161
BP 429
EP 436
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04078.x
PG 8
WC Biophysics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Biophysics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BJI88
UT WOS:000266236000035
PM 19426336
ER
PT J
AU Murray, R
Hart, WE
Phillips, CA
Berry, J
Boman, EG
Carr, RD
Riesen, LA
Watson, JP
Haxton, T
Herrmann, JG
Janke, R
Gray, G
Taxon, T
Uber, JG
Morley, KM
AF Murray, Regan
Hart, William E.
Phillips, Cynthia A.
Berry, Jonathan
Boman, Erik G.
Carr, Robert D.
Riesen, Lee Ann
Watson, Jean-Paul
Haxton, Terra
Herrmann, Jonathan G.
Janke, Robert
Gray, George
Taxon, Thomas
Uber, James G.
Morley, Kevin M.
TI US Environmental Protection Agency Uses Operations Research to Reduce
Contamination Risks in Drinking Water
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT INFORMS Practice Conference
CY APR 14, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
DE homeland security; water security; sensor placement; integer
programming: applications; government services: water;
facilities-equipment planning: location
ID SENSOR PLACEMENT; OUTBREAK; MILWAUKEE; SYSTEMS
AB The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the lead federal agency for the security of drinking water in the United States. The agency is responsible for providing information and technical assistance to the more than 50,000 water utilities across the country. The distributed physical layout of drinking-water utilities makes them inherently vulnerable to contamination incidents caused by terrorists. To counter this threat, the EPA is using operations research to design, test, and deploy contamination warning systems (CWSs) that rapidly detect the presence of contaminants in drinking water. We developed a software tool to optimize the design process, published a decision-making process to assist utilities in applying the tool, pilot-tested the tool on nine large water utilities, and provided training and technical assistance to a larger group of utilities. We formed a collaborative team of industry, academia, and government to critique our approach and share CWS deployment experiences. Our work has demonstrated that a CWS is a cost-effective, timely, and capable method of detecting a broad range of contaminants. Widespread application of these new systems will significantly reduce the risks associated with catastrophic contamination incidents: the median estimated fatalities reduction for the nine utilities already studied is 48 percent; the corresponding economic-impact reduction is over $19 billion. Because of this operations research program, online monitoring programs, such as a CWS, are now the accepted technology for reducing contamination risks in drinking water.
C1 [Murray, Regan; Haxton, Terra; Herrmann, Jonathan G.; Janke, Robert] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Hart, William E.; Phillips, Cynthia A.; Berry, Jonathan; Boman, Erik G.; Carr, Robert D.; Riesen, Lee Ann; Watson, Jean-Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Gray, George] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Taxon, Thomas] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Uber, James G.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Morley, Kevin M.] Amer Water Works Assoc, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
RP Murray, R (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM murray.regan@epa.gov; wehart@sandia.gov; caphill@sandia.gov;
jberry@sandia.gov; egboman@sandia.gov; rdcarr@sandia.gov;
lafisk@sandia.gov; jwatson@sandia.gov; haxton.terra@epa.gov;
herrmann.jonathan@epa.gov; janke.robert@epa.gov; gray.george@epa.gov;
tntaxon@anl.gov; jim.uber@uc.edu; kmorley@awwa.org
RI uber, james/E-7189-2010
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 22
PU INFORMS
PI CATONSVILLE
PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA
SN 0092-2102
EI 1526-551X
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 1
BP 57
EP 68
DI 10.1287/inte.1080.0415
PG 12
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 406EP
UT WOS:000263278100007
ER
PT S
AU Armitage, J
Bryman, D
Cousins, T
Gallant, G
Jason, A
Jonkmans, G
Noel, S
Oakham, G
Stocki, TJ
Waller, D
AF Armitage, John
Bryman, Douglas
Cousins, Thomas
Gallant, Grant
Jason, Andrew
Jonkmans, Guy
Noel, Scott
Oakham, Gerald
Stocki, Trevor J.
Waller, David
BE BharuthRam, K
TI Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography for SNM Detection
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques
CY JUN 14-20, 2009
CL Crete, GREECE
DE drift chamber; muon scattering; muon tomography; extruded scintillator
tracker; special nuclear material; cosmic rays
ID MUON RADIOGRAPHY; CHAMBERS
AB The Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography (CRIPT) project has recently started investigating the detection of illicit Special Nuclear Material in cargo using cosmic ray muon tomography and complementary neutron detectors. We are currently performing simulation studies to help with the design of small scale prototypes. Based on the prototype tests and refined simulations, we will determine whether the muon tracking system for the full scale prototype will be based on drift chambers or extruded scintillator trackers. An analysis of the operations of the Port of Montreal has determined how long muon scan times should take if all or a subset of the cargo is to be screened. As long as the throughput of the muon system(s) is equal to the rate at which containers are unloaded from ships, the impact on port operations would not be great if a muon scanning stage were required for all cargo. We also show preliminary simulation results indicating that excellent separation between Al, Fe and Pb is possible under ideal conditions. The discrimination power is reduced but still significant when realistic momentum resolution measurements are considered.
C1 [Armitage, John; Oakham, Gerald] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Bryman, Douglas] Adv Appl Phys Solut, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Cousins, Thomas; Noel, Scott] Int Safety Res, Ottawa K2E 7J6, ON, Canada.
[Gallant, Grant] Canadian Border Serv Agcy, Lab & Sci Serv Directorat, Ottawa K2E 6T7, ON, Canada.
[Jason, Andrew] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H817, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Jonkmans, Guy] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada.
[Stocki, Trevor J.] Radiat Protect Bur, Hlth Canada, Ottawa K1A 1C1, ON, Canada.
[Waller, David] Def Res & Dev Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0Z4, Canada.
RP Armitage, J (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
FU Government of Canada's Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and
Explosives Research and Technology Initiative (CRTI) as CRTI [08-0214RD]
FX This work was funded under the Government of Canadas Chemical,
Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives Research and Technology
Initiative (CRTI) as CRTI Project 08-0214RD.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0731-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1194
BP 24
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3275662
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOB01
UT WOS:000276072700003
ER
PT S
AU Jones, JL
Sterbentz, JW
Yoon, WY
Norman, DR
AF Jones, J. L.
Sterbentz, J. W.
Yoon, W. Y.
Norman, D. R.
BE BharuthRam, K
TI Bremsstrahlung versus Monoenergetic Photon Dose and Photonuclear
Stimulation Comparisons at Long Standoff Distances
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques
CY JUN 14-20, 2009
CL Crete, GREECE
DE Bremsstrahlung; Monoenergetic photons; Photonuclear interactions
AB Energetic photon sources with energies greater than 6 MeV continue to be recognized as viable source for various types of inspection applications, especially those related to nuclear and/or explosive material detection. These energetic photons can be produced as a continuum of energies (i.e., bremsstrahlung) or as a set of one or more discrete photon energies (i.e., monoenergetic). This paper will provide a follow-on extension of the photon dose comparison presented at the 9(th) International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques (June 2008). Our previous paper showed the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the photon doses provided by these two energetic interrogation sources and highlighted the higher energy advantage of the bremsstrahlung source, especially at long standoff distances (i.e., distance from source to the inspected object). This paper will pursue higher energy photon inspection advantage (up to 100 MeV) by providing dose and stimulated photonuclear interaction predictions in air and for an infinitely dilute interrogated material (used for comparative interaction rate assessments since it excludes material self-shielding) as the interrogation object positioned forward on the inspection beam axis at increasing standoff distances. In addition to the direct energetic photon-induced stimulation, the predictions will identify the importance of secondary downscattered/anenuated source-term effects arising from the photon transport in the intervening air environment.
C1 [Jones, J. L.; Sterbentz, J. W.; Yoon, W. Y.; Norman, D. R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 2802, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM james.jones@inl.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0731-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1194
BP 43
EP 48
DI 10.1063/1.3275665
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOB01
UT WOS:000276072700005
ER
PT S
AU Sampayan, S
Caporaso, G
Chen, YJ
Carazo, V
Falabella, S
Guethlein, G
Guse, S
Harris, JR
Hawkins, S
Holmes, C
Krogh, M
Nelson, S
Paul, AC
Pearson, D
Poole, B
Schmidt, R
Sanders, D
Selenes, K
Sitaraman, S
Sullivan, J
Wang, L
Watson, J
AF Sampayan, S.
Caporaso, G.
Chen, Y-J.
Carazo, V.
Falabella, S.
Guethlein, G.
Guse, S.
Harris, J. R.
Hawkins, S.
Holmes, C.
Krogh, M.
Nelson, S.
Paul, A. C.
Pearson, D.
Poole, B.
Schmidt, R.
Sanders, D.
Selenes, K.
Sitaraman, S.
Sullivan, J.
Wang, L.
Watson, J.
BE BharuthRam, K
TI ULTRA-COMPACT ACCELERATOR TECHNOLOGIES FOR APPLICATION IN NUCLEAR
TECHNIQUES
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques
CY JUN 14-20, 2009
CL Crete, GREECE
DE Linear Accelerator; Nuclear Detection
AB We report on compact accelerator technology development for potential use as a pulsed neutron source quantitative post verifier. The technology is derived from our on-going compact accelerator technology development program for radiography under the US Department of Energy and for a clinic sized compact proton therapy systems under an industry sponsored Cooperative Research and Development Agreement. The accelerator technique relies on the synchronous discharge of a prompt pulse generating stacked transmission line structure with the beam transit. The goal of this technology is to achieve similar to 10 MV/m gradients for 10s of nanoseconds pulses and similar to 100 MV/m gradients for similar to 1 ns systems. As a post verifier for supplementing existing x-ray equipment, this system can remain in a charged, stand-by state with little or no energy consumption. We describe the progress of our overall component development effort with the multilayer dielectric wall insulators (i.e., the accelerator wall), compact power supply technology, kHz repetition-rate surface flashover ion sources, and the prompt pulse generation system consisting of wide-bandgap switches and high performance dielectric materials.
C1 [Sampayan, S.; Caporaso, G.; Chen, Y-J.; Falabella, S.; Guethlein, G.; Harris, J. R.; Hawkins, S.; Holmes, C.; Nelson, S.; Paul, A. C.; Poole, B.; Sanders, D.; Sitaraman, S.; Sullivan, J.; Wang, L.; Watson, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Beam Res Program, POB 808 L-645, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Carazo, V.] MMech, State Coll, PA 16803 USA.
[Guse, S.; Pearson, D.; Schmidt, R.] CPAC Inc, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Krogh, M.] Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Selenes, K.] TPL Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
RP Sampayan, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Beam Res Program, POB 808 L-645, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0731-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1194
BP 69
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3275669
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOB01
UT WOS:000276072700008
ER
PT S
AU Warren, G
Caggiano, J
Peplowski, P
AF Warren, Glen
Caggiano, Jac
Peplowski, Patrick
BE BharuthRam, K
TI Potential Applications of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques
CY JUN 14-20, 2009
CL Crete, GREECE
DE Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence; Applications
AB Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) is a photon-based active interrogation approach that provides isotope-specific signatures that can be used to detect and characterize samples. Photon energies are in the range of a few MeV, so that penetration through significant material is possible. Unlike other active interrogation techniques that are based on inducing fission, NRF is sensitive to a wide range of isotopes: for example (11)B, (12)C, (13)C, (14)N, (16)O, (27)Al, (208)Pb, (235)U, (238)U and (239)Pu just to name a few. NRF is most likely to outperform existing technologies for applications requiring isotopic information of sealed samples. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is conducting a review of potential applications that could be addressed by NRF techniques. These applications cover a wide range of topics, from geo-location, to material assay, to safeguarding the nuclear fuel cycle. The objective of the project is to search for potential applications, define technical requirements, identify physical limitations, conduct an initial assessment of the technique and design a research approach for developing the applications. In this report, our current progress on will be presented.
C1 [Warren, Glen; Caggiano, Jac; Peplowski, Patrick] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Warren, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 999 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RI Peplowski, Patrick/I-7254-2012
OI Peplowski, Patrick/0000-0001-7154-8143
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0731-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1194
BP 106
EP 119
DI 10.1063/1.3275653
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOB01
UT WOS:000276072700014
ER
PT S
AU Colgan, J
Reddish, TJ
Huetz, A
Bolognesi, P
Avaldi, L
Gisselbrecht, M
Lavollee, M
Pindzola, MS
AF Colgan, J.
Reddish, T. J.
Huetz, A.
Bolognesi, P.
Avaldi, L.
Gisselbrecht, M.
Lavollee, M.
Pindzola, M. S.
BA Dowek, D
BF Dowek, D
BE Bennani, A
Lablanquie, P
Maquet, A
TI The 'KER' effect in the double photoionization of H-2
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANY PARTICLE SPECTROSCOPY OF ATOMS,
MOLECULES, CLUSTERS AND SURFACES
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Many Particle Spectroscopy of Atoms,
Molecules, Clusters and Surfaces
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2008
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Univ Paris, CNRS, LCAM, LIXAM, LCPMR
ID MOLECULE
AB Recent experimental and theoretical work examining the double photoionization of H-2 has uncovered surprising changes in the fully differential cross sections as a function of the kinetic energy released to the protons (which is equivalent to different internuclear separations of the molecule). We describe the recent joint theoretical and experimental investigations which have uncovered the physical reasons for this phenomenon. We show that the observed variations are solely due to the epsilon(Sigma) component of the polarization vector along the molecular axis. Our conclusions are supported by further investigations of the photoionization of H-2(+), in which similar dramatic variations in the photoelectron angular distributions for the sigma(g) -> sigma(u) transition are found as the internuclear separation is varied. The angular distributions for the sigma(g) -> pi(u) transition show little dependence on the internuclear separation.
C1 [Colgan, J.; Reddish, T. J.; Huetz, A.; Bolognesi, P.; Avaldi, L.; Gisselbrecht, M.; Lavollee, M.; Pindzola, M. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Colgan, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jcolgan@lanl.gov
RI Gisselbrecht, Mathieu/K-6722-2015;
OI Gisselbrecht, Mathieu/0000-0003-0257-7607; Colgan,
James/0000-0003-1045-3858; Bolognesi, Paola/0000-0002-6543-6628
FU EU; NSERC; UoW; US DOE through Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); US
DOE through NSF; DOE
FX We would like to thank the staff at Elettra and the Gas Phase beamline
team for their invaluable assistance, and EU, NSERC and UoW for their
finacial support. Some of this work was performed under the auspices of
the US DOE through Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and through NSF
and DOE grants to Auburan University. Computational work was carried out
at NERSC in Oakland CA, the NCCS in Oak Ridge, TN, and through LANL
Institutional Computing Resources.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2009
VL 141
AR 012004
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/141/1/012004
PG 7
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Particles & Fields;
Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BJP91
UT WOS:000266976500004
ER
PT B
AU Keisler, JM
Buehring, WA
AF Keisler, Jeffrey M.
Buehring, William A.
BE Thai, KV
TI How Many Vendors Does It Take to Screw Down a Price? A Primer on
Competition in Procurement
SO INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT
SE Public Administration and Public Policy
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACY; REVEALED PREFERENCES
C1 [Keisler, Jeffrey M.] Univ Massachusetts, Coll Management, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Buehring, William A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Keisler, JM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Coll Management, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-5457-6
J9 PUBLIC ADM PUBLIC PO
PY 2009
VL 146
BP 211
EP 229
PG 19
WC Public Administration
SC Public Administration
GA BJO25
UT WOS:000266890200010
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Z
Chen, EP
Fang, HE
Zhang, HW
Zhuang, Z
AF Chen, Z.
Chen, E. P.
Fang, H. E.
Zhang, H. W.
Zhuang, Z.
TI SPECIAL ISSUE Multiscale Model-Based Simulation with Applications to
Nano and Bio Systems For the 8th World Congress on Computational
Mechanics
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Chen, Z.] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Chen, E. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Based Mat Modeling Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Fang, H. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Zhang, H. W.] Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
[Zhuang, Z.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, Z (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU BEGELL HOUSE INC
PI REDDING
PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA
SN 1543-1649
J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM
JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng.
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 3
BP VII
EP VIII
PG 2
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 463LI
UT WOS:000267433300001
ER
PT J
AU Jain, K
Wu, C
Atre, SV
Jovanovic, G
Narayanan, V
Kimura, S
Sprenkle, V
Canfield, N
Roy, S
AF Jain, Kartavya
Wu, Carl
Atre, Sundar V.
Jovanovic, Goran
Narayanan, Vinod
Kimura, Shoichi
Sprenkle, Vincent
Canfield, Nathan
Roy, Sukumar
TI Synthesis of Nanoparticles in High Temperature Ceramic Microreactors:
Design, Fabrication and Testing
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Microreactors as a novel concept in chemical technology enable the introduction of new reaction procedures in chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, and molecular biology. These miniaturized reaction systems offer many exceptional technical advantages for a large number of applications. One major application is in the bulk synthesis of nanoparticles. Despite the availability of a plethora of nanoparticle synthesis processes, there exist many difficulties in controlling the shape, size, and purity of nanoparticles in large quantities in a safe and cost-effective manner. These difficulties have been the principal factors adversely limiting the applications of ceramic nanoparticles. Recent experiments have shown that to study the process of growth and formation of nanoparticles, a reactor having much smaller dimensions, namely a microreactor is more appropriate. These studies have also shown that a microchannel reactor provides control over the mean residence time and hence over the nanoparticle size and shape. This paper deals with the design, fabrication, and testing issues related to a high temperature, ceramic microreactor by investigating the use of reactive gas streams in arrays of microchannel reactors. These innovations offer the potential to overcome the barriers associated with synthesis of ceramic nanoparticles in large quantities.
C1 [Jain, Kartavya; Wu, Carl; Atre, Sundar V.; Jovanovic, Goran; Narayanan, Vinod; Kimura, Shoichi] Oregon State Univ, Oregon Nanosci & Microtechnol Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sprenkle, Vincent; Canfield, Nathan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Roy, Sukumar] Bharat Heavy Elect Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
RP Jain, K (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Oregon Nanosci & Microtechnol Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Sundar.Atre@oregonstate.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-05-1-5041]
FX This material is based on research sponsored by Air Force Research
Laboratory under agreement number FA8650-05-1-5041. The views and
conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be
interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or
endorsements, either expressed or implied, of Air Force Research
Laboratory or the U.S. Government.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1546-542X
J9 INT J APPL CERAM TEC
JI Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 3
BP 410
EP 419
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2008.02285.x
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 436PK
UT WOS:000265426100007
ER
PT J
AU Chen, J
AF Chen, Jin
TI Pseudo-transient continuation-based variable relaxation solver in
nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic simulations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE nonlinear anisotropic transport; pseudo-transient continuation; variable
relaxation; Jacobian free Newton Krylov iteration; nonlinear
magnetohydrodynamic simulation
AB Efficient and robust Variable Relaxation Solver, based on pseudo-transient continuation, is developed to solve nonlinear anisotropic thermal conduction arising from fusion plasma simulations. By adding first- and/or second-order artificial time derivatives to the system, this type of method advances the resulting time-dependent nonlinear PDEs to steady state, which is the solution to be sought. In this process, only the stiffness matrix itself is involved so that the numerical complexity and errors can be greatly reduced. In fact, this work is an extension of integrating efficient linear elliptic solvers for fusion simulation on Cray X1E. Two schemes are derived in this work, first- and second-order variable relaxations. Four factors are observed to be critical for efficiency and preservation of solution's symmetric structure arising from periodic boundary condition: refining meshes in different coordinate directions, initializing nonlinear process, varying time steps in both temporal and spatial directions, and accurately generating nonlinear stiffness matrix. First finer mesh scale should be taken in strong transport direction; next the system is carefully initialized by the solution with linear conductivity; third, time step and relaxation factor are vertex-based varied and optimized at each time step; finally, the nonlinear stiffness matrix is updated by just scaling corresponding linear one with the vector generated from nonlinear thermal conductivity.
C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM jchen@pppl.gov
FU DOE [DE-AC02-76CH03073]
FX This work is supported by DOE Contract DE-AC02-76CH03073.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7160
J9 INT J COMPUT MATH
JI Int. J. Comput. Math.
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 8
BP 1473
EP 1482
AR PII 794948968
DI 10.1080/00207160701874805
PG 10
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 542UC
UT WOS:000273521500015
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, XQ
Li, GZ
Wu, GF
Yang, JY
Yang, MQ
AF Zeng, Xue-Qiang
Li, Guo-Zheng
Wu, Geng-Feng
Yang, Jack Y.
Yang, Mary Qu
TI Irrelevant gene elimination for Partial Least Squares based Dimension
Reduction by using feature probes
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA MINING AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
CT 22nd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
CY MAR 11-15, 2007
CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA
SP ACM
DE PLS; partial least squares; dimension reduction; gene selection;
microarray analysis; data mining; bioinformatics
ID EXPRESSION MICROARRAY DATA; TUMOR CLASSIFICATION; CANCER; PREDICTION;
REGRESSION; PATTERNS
AB It is hard to analyse gene expression data which has only a few observations but with thousands of measured genes. Partial Least Squares based Dimension Reduction (PLSDR) is superior for handling such high dimensional problems, but irrelevant features will introduce errors into the dimension reduction process. Here, feature selection is applied to filter the data and an algorithm named PLSDR(g) is described by integrating PLSDR with gene elimination, which is performed by the indication of t-statistic scores on standardised probes. Experimental results on six microarray data sets show that PLSDR(g) is effective and reliable to improve generalisation performance of classifiers.
C1 [Li, Guo-Zheng] Tongji Univ, Dept Control Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China.
[Zeng, Xue-Qiang; Wu, Geng-Feng] Shanghai Univ, Sch Comp Engn & Sci, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Jack Y.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Yang, Jack Y.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Yang, Mary Qu] NHGRI, NIH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20852 USA.
[Yang, Mary Qu] US DOE, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Li, GZ (reprint author), Tongji Univ, Dept Control Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China.
EM stamina_zeng@shu.edu.cn; drgzli@gmail.com; gfwu@shu.edu.cn;
yang@hadron.mgh.Harvard.edu; yangma@mail.NIH.GOV
RI Li, Guo-Zheng /D-5744-2011
OI Li, Guo-Zheng /0000-0001-5568-0347
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD
PI GENEVA
PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 1748-5673
J9 INT J DATA MIN BIOIN
JI Int. J. Data Min. Bioinform.
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 1
BP 85
EP 103
PG 19
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 438FN
UT WOS:000265541400007
PM 19432378
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, LE
Coleman, MA
AF Peterson, Leif E.
Coleman, Matthew A.
TI Logistic ensembles of Random Spherical Linear Oracles for microarray
classification
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA MINING AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ensemble classifier fusion; random linear oracle; principal directions;
hyperplanes; PCs; principal components; microarrays; RSLO; random
spherical linear oracles
ID GENE-EXPRESSION; PROSTATE-CANCER; EXPERTS; PREDICTION; MIXTURE;
DIVERSITY; SELECTION; TUMOR
AB Random Spherical Linear Oracles (RSLO) for DNA microarray gene expression data are proposed for classifier fusion. RSLO employs random hyperplane splits of samples in the principal component score space based on the first three principal components (X, Y, Z) of the input feature set. Hyperplane splits are used to assign training(testing) samples to separate logistic regression mini-classifiers, which increases the diversity of voting results since errors are not shared across mini-classifiers. We recommend use of RSLO with 3-4 10-fold CV and re-partitioning samples randomly every ten iterations prior to each 10-fold CV. This equates to a total of 30-40 iterations.
C1 [Peterson, Leif E.] Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Biostat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Coleman, Matthew A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Peterson, LE (reprint author), Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Biostat, 6535 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM lepeterson@tmhs.org; coleman16@llnl.gov
OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018; Peterson, Leif/0000-0002-1187-0883
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD
PI GENEVA
PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 1748-5673
J9 INT J DATA MIN BIOIN
JI Int. J. Data Min. Bioinform.
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 4
SI SI
BP 382
EP 397
PG 16
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 532CR
UT WOS:000272722100003
PM 20052903
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, RC
Singhal, M
Daly, DS
Gilmore, J
Cannon, WR
Domico, K
White, AM
Auberry, DL
Auberry, KJ
Hooker, BS
Hurst, G
McDermott, JE
McDonald, WH
Pelletier, DA
Schmoyer, D
Wiley, HS
AF Taylor, Ronald C.
Singhal, Mudita
Daly, Don S.
Gilmore, Jason
Cannon, William R.
Domico, Kelly
White, Amanda M.
Auberry, Deanna L.
Auberry, Kenneth J.
Hooker, Brian S.
Hurst, Greg
McDermott, Jason E.
McDonald, W. Hayes
Pelletier, Dale A.
Schmoyer, Denise
Wiley, H. Steven
TI An analysis pipeline for the inference of protein-protein interaction
networks
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA MINING AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE network inference pipeline; protein-protein interactions; networks; MS;
mass spectrometry; Bayesian
ID GENE REGULATORY NETWORKS; CELLULAR NETWORKS; DATABASE; ANNOTATION;
PROTEOMES; COMPLEXES; BIOVERSE
AB We present a platform for the reconstruction of protein-protein interaction networks inferred from Mass Spectrometry (MS) bait-prey data. The Software Environment for Biological Network Inference (SEBINI), an environment for the deployment of network inference algorithms that use high-throughput data, forms the platform core. Among the many algorithms available in SEBINI is the Bayesian Estimator of Probabilities of Protein-Protein Associations (BEPro3) algorithm, which is used to infer interaction networks from such MS affinity isolation data. Also, the pipeline incorporates the Collective Analysis of Biological Interaction Networks (CABIN) software. We have thus created a structured workflow for protein-protein network inference and supplemental analysis.
C1 [Taylor, Ronald C.; Singhal, Mudita] US DOE, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Gilmore, Jason] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA.
[Domico, Kelly] Battelle Seattle Res Ctr, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Hurst, Greg; Pelletier, Dale A.; Schmoyer, Denise] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[McDonald, W. Hayes] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Mass Spectrometry Res Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Taylor, RC (reprint author), US DOE, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, POB 999,MS K7-90, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ronald.taylor@pnl.gov; mudita.singhal@pnl.gov; ds.daly@pnl.gov;
jason.m.gilmore@dartmouth.edu; william.cannon@pnl.gov;
kelly.domico@pnl.gov; amanda.white@pnl.gov; deanna.auberry@pnl.gov;
kenneth.auberry@pnl.gov; brian.hooker@pnl.gov; hursgb@ornl.gov;
jason.mcdermott@pnl.gov; hayes.mcdonald@vanderbilt.edu;
pelletierda@ornl.gov; schmoyerdd@ornl.gov; steven.wiley@pnl.gov
RI Pelletier, Dale/F-4154-2011; Cannon, William/K-8411-2014; McDonald, W.
Hayes/B-4109-2016;
OI Cannon, William/0000-0003-3789-7889; McDonald, W.
Hayes/0000-0002-3510-426X; Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009; Wiley,
Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867; Hooker, Brian/0000-0003-2010-1899;
McDermott, Jason/0000-0003-2961-2572; Taylor, Ronald/0000-0001-9777-9767
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RL01830]; ORNL/PNNL Microbial
Protein-Protein Interactions (MiPPI) [43930]; PNNL's William R. Wiley
Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL); EMSL Grand Challenge
FX The research described in this paper was initially conducted under the
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at the Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a multiprogramme national
laboratory operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy under
Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. Also, work for Rhodopseudomonas palustris
has been supported by the joint ORNL/PNNL Microbial Protein-Protein
Interactions (MiPPI) project for the GTL Center for Molecular and
Cellular Systems, project # 43930, US Dept of Energy. In addition,
SEBINI has been supported by PNNL's William R. Wiley Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL) and the EMSL Grand Challenge in
Membrane Biology project.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD
PI GENEVA
PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 1748-5673
J9 INT J DATA MIN BIOIN
JI Int. J. Data Min. Bioinform.
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 4
SI SI
BP 409
EP 430
PG 22
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 532CR
UT WOS:000272722100005
PM 20052905
ER
PT J
AU Gu, Y
Wu, QS
Zhu, MX
Rao, NSV
AF Gu, Yi
Wu, Qishi
Zhu, Mengxia
Rao, Nageswara S. V.
TI Complexity Analysis of Pipeline Mapping Problems in Distributed
Heterogeneous Networks
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Computational complexity; NP-complete; Distributed computing; Pipeline
mapping
AB Largescale scientific applications require using various system resources to execute complex computing pipelines in distributed networks to support collaborative research. System resources are typically shared in the Internet or over dedicated connections based on their location, availability, capability, and capacity. Optimizing the network performance of computing pipelines in such distributed environments is critical to the success of these applications. We consider two types of largescale distributed applications: interactive applications where a single dataset is sequentially processed along a pipeline; and streaming applications where a series of datasets continuously flow through a pipeline. The computing pipelines of these applications consist of a number of modules executed in a linear order in network environments with heterogeneous resources under different constraints. Our goal is to find an efficient mapping scheme that allocates the modules of a pipeline to network nodes for minimum endtoend delay or maximum frame rate. We formulate the pipeline mappings in distributed environments as optimization problems and categorize them into six classes with different optimization goals and mapping constraints: Minimum Endtoend Delay with No Node Reuse (MEDNNR), Minimum Endtoend Delay with Contiguous Node Reuse (MEDCNR), Minimum Endtoend Delay with Arbitrary Node Reuse (MEDANR), Maximum Frame Rate with No Node Reuse or Share (MFRNNRS), Maximum Frame Rate with Contiguous Node Reuse and Share (MFRCNRS), and Maximum Frame Rate with Arbitrary Node Reuse and Share (MFRANRS). Here, contiguous node reuse means that multiple contiguous modules along the pipeline may run on the same node and arbitrary node reuse imposes no restriction on node reuse. Note that in interactive applications, a node can be reused but its resource is not shared. We prove that MEDANR is polynomially solvable and the rest are NP-complete. MEDANR, where either contiguous or noncontiguous modules in the pipeline can be mapped onto the same node, is essentially the Maximum n-hop Shortest Path problem, and can be solved using a dynamic programming method. In MEDNNR and MFRNNRS, any network node can be used only once, which requires selecting the same number of nodes for onetoone onto mapping. We show its NP-completeness by reducing from the Hamiltonian Path problem. Node reuse is allowed in MEDCNR, MFRCNRS and MFRANRS, which are similar to the Maximum n-hop Shortest Path problem that considers resource sharing. We prove their NP-completeness by reducing from the Disjoint-Connecting-Path Problem and Widest path with the Linear Capacity Constraints problem, respectively.
C1 [Gu, Yi; Wu, Qishi] Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
[Zhu, Mengxia] So Illinois Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Wu, QS (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
EM qishiwu@memphis.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1550-1329
J9 INT J DISTRIB SENS N
JI Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw.
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 1
BP 2
EP 2
AR PII 908299432
DI 10.1080/15501320802498372
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 431ZR
UT WOS:000265103800002
ER
PT J
AU Lin, YY
Wu, QS
Rao, NSV
Zhu, MX
AF Lin, Yunyue
Wu, Qishi
Rao, Nageswara S. V.
Zhu, Mengxia
TI Advance Bandwidth Scheduling Algorithms in Dedicated Networks
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Computational complexity; Bandwidth scheduling; Dedicated network
AB An increasing number of high performance research network testbeds and production networks have the capability of provisioning dedicated channels for high speed data transfer in support of large scale scientific applications. Each dedicated channel in these networks typically consists of one or more physical links that are shared by multiple applications in both time and bandwidth through in advance reservation. The design of efficient bandwidth scheduling algorithms is critical to maximizing the utilization of dedicated network resources and meeting diverse end-to-end transport performance requirements. The topology of a dedicated network is represented by a graph, where each link maintains a list of residual bandwidths specified as segmented constant functions of time. Given a graph with an aggregated time-bandwidth table combining the reservation information on all links, designated source, and destination vertices, and a specified data size, we formulate and investigate five bandwidth scheduling problems to minimize the data transfer end time under different path and bandwidth constraints. variable path with variable bandwidth (VPVB), which computes the widest (highest bandwidth) path in each time slot; fixed path with variable bandwidth (FPVB), which computes a fixed path with varying bandwidths across different time slots; variable path with fixed bandwidth (VPFB), which computes one path in each time slot with the same bandwidth; fixed path with fixed bandwidth (FPFB), which computes a fixed path with a constant bandwidth; and multiple fixed paths with fixed bandwidths (MFPFB), which computes multiple concurrent fixed paths with constant bandwidths. Among these problems, VPVB represents the most flexible scenario where the network resources are fully utilized and the minimal transfer end time is achieved, while FPFB imposes the most stringent transport conditions by fixing both path and bandwidth. We design an optimal algorithm for each of these scheduling problems. VPVB is solved using an extension of the classical Dijkstra's algorithm, and FPVB is solved using Maximum Permutation Algorithm, which tries all possible permutations of throughputs at different time slots to obtain the minimal transfer end time. The algorithm for VPFB, FPFB, and MFPFB are based on Adjacent Time Slots Search, which finds the minimum transfer end time by examining the possibility of data transfer in any number of contiguous time slots. All these algorithms are of polynomial or pseudo polynomial time complexity with respect to the network size and the total number of time slots in a bandwidth reservation table.
C1 [Lin, Yunyue; Wu, Qishi] Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
[Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Zhu, Mengxia] So Illinois Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Lin, YY (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
EM ylin1@memphis.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1550-1329
J9 INT J DISTRIB SENS N
JI Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw.
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 1
BP 3
EP 3
AR PII 908299996
DI 10.1080/15501320802498380
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 431ZR
UT WOS:000265103800003
ER
PT J
AU Madan, RN
Rao, NSV
AF Madan, Rabinder N.
Rao, Nageswara S. V.
TI A Perspective on Information Fusion Problems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Information fusion; Empirical estimation; Distributed detection;
Isolation fuser; Projective fuser
AB Information fusion problems have a rich history spanning four centuries and several disciplines as diverse as political economy, reliability engineering, target tracking, bioinformatics, forecasting, distributed detection, robotics, cyber security, nuclear engineering, distributed sensor networks, and others. Over the past decade, the area of information fusion has been established as a discipline by itself with several contributions to its foundations as well as applications. In a basic formulation of the information fusion problem, each component is characterized by a probability distribution. The goal is to estimate a fusion rule for combining the outputs of components to achieve a specified objective such as better performance or functionality compared to the components. If the sensor error distributions are known, several fusion rule estimation problems have been formulated and solved using deterministic methods. In the area of pattern recognition a weighted majority fuser was shown to be optimal in combining outputs from pattern recognizers under statistical independence conditions. A simpler version of this problem corresponds to the Condorcet Jury theorem proposed in 1786. This result was rediscovered since then in other disciplines including by von Neumann in 1959 in building reliable computing devices. The distributed detection problem, studied extensively in the target tracking area, can be viewed as a generalization of the above two problems. In these works, the underlying distributions are assumed to be known, which is quite reasonable in the areas these methods are applied. In a different formulation, we consider estimating the fuser based on empirical data when no information is available about the underlying distributions of components. Using the empirical estimation methods, this problem is shown to be solvable in principle, and the fuser performance may be sharpened based on the specific formulation. The isolation fusers perform at least as good as best component, and the projective fusers perform as good as best combination of components. In a special case of function estimation, each component could be a potential function estimator, radial basis function, nearest neighbor estimator, regressogram, kernel estimator, regression tree or another estimator. A projective fuser based on a nearest neighbor concept has been proposed based on Voronoi regions in this case. Under fairly general smoothness and non-smoothness conditions on the individual estimators, the expected fuser error is close to optimal with a specified probability. This result is purely sample-based and distribution-free in that it does not require the knowledge of underlying distributions and can be computed only using measurements.
C1 [Madan, Rabinder N.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Madan, RN (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolf St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM madanr@onr.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1550-1329
J9 INT J DISTRIB SENS N
JI Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw.
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 1
BP 4
EP 4
AR PII 908294822
DI 10.1080/15501320802498430
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 431ZR
UT WOS:000265103800004
ER
PT J
AU Rao, NSV
Wing, WR
Hicks, SE
Poole, SW
Denap, FA
Carter, SM
Wu, QS
AF Rao, Nageswara S. V.
Wing, William R.
Hicks, Susan E.
Poole, Stephen W.
Denap, Frank A.
Carter, Steven M.
Wu, Qishi
TI UltraScience Net: High-Performance Network Research Test-Bed
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Network test-bed; Dedicated channels; SONET; 10GigE WAN-PHY;
Control-plane; Data-plane; Bandwidth scheduler
AB The high-performance networking requirements for next generation large-scale applications belong to two broad classes: a) high bandwidths, typically multiples of 10Gbps, to support bulk data transfers, and b) stable bandwidths, typically at much lower bandwidths, to support computational steering, remote visualization, and remote control of instrumentation. Current Internet technologies, however, are severely limited in meeting these demands because such bulk bandwidths are available only in the backbone, and stable control channels are hard to realize over shared connections. The UltraScience Net (USN) facilitates the development of such technologies by providing dynamic, cross-country dedicated 10Gbps channels for large data transfers, and 150 Mbps channels for interactive and control operations. Contributions of the USN project are two-fold: Infrastructure Technologies for Network Experimental Facility: USN developed and/or demonstrated a number of infrastructure technologies needed for a national-scale network experimental facility. Compared to Internet, USN's data-plane is different in that it can be partitioned into isolated layer-1 or layer-2 connections, and its control-plane is different in the ability of users and applications to setup and tear down channels as needed. Its design required several new components including a Virtual Private Network infrastructure, a bandwidth and channel scheduler, and a dynamic signaling daemon. The control-plane employs a centralized scheduler to compute the channel allocations and a signaling daemon to generate configuration signals to switches. In a nutshell, USN demonstrated the ability to build and operate a stable national-scale switched network. Structured Network Research Experiments: A number of network research experiments have been conducted on USN that cannot be easily supported over existing network facilities, including test-beds and production networks. It settled an open matter by demonstrating that the performance of switched connections and Multiple Protocol Label Switching tunnels over routed networks are comparable. Furthermore, such connections can be easily peered, and the performance of the resultant hybrid connections is still comparable to the constituent pure connections. USN experiments demonstrated that Infiniband transport can be effectively extended to wide-area connections of thousands of miles, which opens up new opportunities for efficient bulk data transport. USN provided dedicated connections to Cray X1 supercomputer and helped diagnose TCP performance problems which might have been otherwise incorrectly attributed to traffic on shared connections. USN contributed to the development of transport methods for dedicated connections to other traffic. Recently, experiments were conducted to assess the performance of application acceleration devices that employ flow optimization and data compression methods to improve TCP performance.
C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Wing, William R.; Hicks, Susan E.; Poole, Stephen W.; Denap, Frank A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Carter, Steven M.] Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
[Wu, Qishi] Cisco Syst, San Jose, CA USA.
RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM raons@ornl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1550-1329
J9 INT J DISTRIB SENS N
JI Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw.
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 1
BP 5
EP 5
AR PII 908254610
DI 10.1080/15501320802498489
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 431ZR
UT WOS:000265103800005
ER
PT J
AU Robinett, RD
Wilson, DG
AF Robinett, Rush D., III
Wilson, David G.
TI Exergy and irreversible entropy production thermodynamic concepts for
nonlinear control design
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hamiltonian mechanics; nonlinear systems; nonequilibriurn
thermodynamics; Lyapunov functions
ID DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS
AB This paper develops a novel nonlinear control system design methodology that uniquely combines: concepts from exergy and entropy; Hamiltonian systems; Lyapunov's direct method and optimal analysis; and power flow control analysis. Relationships are derived between exergy/entropy and Lyapunov optimal functions for Hamiltonian systems based on the recognition that the Hamiltonian is stored exergy. The control system stability and performance are partitioned and evaluated based on exergy generation and exergy dissipation terms. This control methodology results in both necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of a class of nonlinear systems as a result of the application of the second law of thermodynamics to the time derivative of the Hamiltonian. The methodology is demonstrated with numerical simulation examples.
C1 [Robinett, Rush D., III; Wilson, David G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Resources & Syst Anal Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Wilson, DG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Resources & Syst Anal Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM rdrobin@sandia.gov; dwilso@sandia.gov
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD
PI GENEVA
PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 1742-8297
J9 INT J EXERGY
JI Int. J. Exergy
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 3
BP 357
EP 387
PG 31
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
GA 459FK
UT WOS:000267086200005
ER
PT J
AU Rupnowski, P
Sopori, B
AF Rupnowski, Przemyslaw
Sopori, Bhushan
TI Strength of silicon wafers: fracture mechanics approach
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar cells; Silicon; Wafers; Fracture; Surface damage
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; DYNAMIC FRACTURE; ANISOTROPY
AB This paper describes a model to predict mechanical strength distribution of silicon wafers. A generalized expression, based on a multimodal Weibull distribution, is proposed to describe the strength of a brittle material with surface, edge, and bulk flaws. The specific case of a cast, unpolished photovoltaic (PV) wafer is further analyzed. Assuming that surface microcracks constitute the dominant mechanism of wafer breakage, this model predicts the strength distribution of PV silicon that matches well the experimental results available in the literature.
C1 [Rupnowski, Przemyslaw; Sopori, Bhushan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Rupnowski, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Peter_Rupnowski@nrel.gov
RI Rupnowski, Przemyslaw/B-3520-2008;
OI Rupnowski, Przemyslaw/0000-0003-0040-418X
NR 25
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 4
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-9429
J9 INT J FRACTURE
JI Int. J. Fract.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 155
IS 1
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.1007/s10704-009-9324-9
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 420BW
UT WOS:000264264400006
ER
PT J
AU Wise, MA
Dooley, JJ
AF Wise, M. A.
Dooley, J. J.
TI The value of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture and storage
technologies in a world with uncertain greenhouse gas emissions
constraints
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide capture and storage; Pulverized coal; Post-combustion
capture; Electricity production; East Central Area Reliability;
Coordination Agreement
AB By analyzing how the largest CO(2) emitting electricity-generating region in the United States, the East Central Area Reliability Coordination Agreement (ECAR), responds to hypothetical constraints on greenhouse gas emissions, the authors demonstrate that there is an enduring role for post-combustion CO(2) capture technologies. The utilization of pulverized coal generation with carbon dioxide capture and storage (PC + CCS) technologies is particularly significant in a world where there is uncertainty about the future evolution of climate policy and in particular uncertainty about the rate at which the climate policy will become more stringent. The paper's analysis shows that within this one large, heavily coal-dominated electricity-generating region, as much as 20-40 GW of PC + CCS could be operating before the middle of this century. Depending upon the state of PC + CCS technology development and the evolution of future climate policy, the analysis shows that these CCS systems could be mated to either pre-existing PC units or PC units that are currently under construction, announced and planned units, as well as PC units that could continue to be built for a number of decades even in the face of a climate policy. In nearly all the cases analyzed here, these PC + CCS generation units are in addition to a much larger deployment of CCS-enabled coal-fueled integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. The analysis presented here shows that the combined deployment of PC + CCS and IGCC + CCS units within this one region of the U.S. could result in the potential capture and storage of between 3.2 and 4.9 Gt of CO(2) before the middle of this century in the region's deep geologic storage formations. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wise, M. A.; Dooley, J. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Wise, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 8400 Baltimore Ave,Suite 201, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Marshall.Wise@pnl.gov
OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344
NR 9
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-5836
J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON
JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 1
BP 39
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2008.06.012
PG 10
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Environmental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 401CB
UT WOS:000262914800006
ER
PT J
AU Geiger, BF
Werner, KA
AF Geiger, Brian F.
Werner, Karen A.
TI A Guided Walking Trail to Explore the Martin Luther King Jr. National
Voting Rights Walk and Selma Antebellum Historic District
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HERITAGE STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Walking Trail; Interpretation; Civil Rights History; Physical Activity
AB Historical documents, original and archival photos, and MS Publisher software were used to develop and promote a two mile guided walking trail incorporating the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Voting Rights Walk, Selma Antebellum Historic District and Bloch Park. The aim is to promote learning about Alabama history while enhancing fitness, as a planned activity of a programme to prevent childhood obesity. Trail content features facts about prominent black and white Alabamians, safety tips while walking and philosophical quotations emphasizing basic human rights.
C1 [Geiger, Brian F.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Werner, Karen A.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Geiger, BF (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM bgeiger@uab.edu
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 1352-7258
J9 INT J HERIT STUD
JI Int. J. Herit. Stud.
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 5
BP 467
EP 476
DI 10.1080/13527250903072807
PG 10
WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 665TD
UT WOS:000283057500006
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, JD
van Hest, MFAM
Taylor, MP
Ginley, DS
AF Perkins, J. D.
van Hest, M. F. A. M.
Taylor, M. P.
Ginley, D. S.
TI Conductivity and transparency in amorphous In-Zn-O transparent
conductors
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
CT 2nd International Symposium on Transparent Conducting Oxides
CY 2008
CL Crete, GREECE
DE TCO; transparent conducting oxide; amorphous; In-Zn-O; IZO
ID THIN-FILMS; OXIDES
AB Amorphous indium zinc oxide (a-IZO) is an increasingly important material both as a transparent conductor or semiconductor in transparent electronics and as an archetype amorphous electronic mixed metal oxide in itself. Here, a co-sputtering composition spread combinatorial approach was used to examine the conductivity and optical transparency in a-IZO thin films as a function of both In : Zn metals stoichiometry and the amount of oxygen added to the argon sputter gas. For optimising the conductivity, the percent oxygen in the sputter gas and the metals composition were found to have a strongly coupled effect. In particular, a-IZO films with conductivity sigma> 2000 S/cm can be grown for a broad range of metals compositions, In content from similar to 60 to similar to 85 cation%, as long as the corresponding optimal oxygen level is used in the deposition. The amount of oxygen required increases with increasing indium content. When too much oxygen is used, the conductivity is reduced due to a decreased carrier concentration whereas when too little oxygen is used, the conductivity is reduced due to decreased electron mobility. Concurrent with the decrease in electron mobility, there is increasing optical absorption from 400 nm to 1000 nm which renders the oxygen deficient a-IZO samples grey.
C1 [Perkins, J. D.; van Hest, M. F. A. M.; Taylor, M. P.; Ginley, D. S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80302 USA.
RP Perkins, JD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80302 USA.
EM john_perkins@nrel.gov; maikel_van_hest@nrel.gov; mtaylor@heliovolt.com;
david_ginley@nrel.gov
NR 10
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 15
PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD
PI GENEVA
PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 1475-7435
J9 INT J NANOTECHNOL
JI Int. J. Nanotechnol.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 9
BP 850
EP 859
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 482FL
UT WOS:000268869900007
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Q
Wang, MR
Pan, N
Guo, ZY
AF Chen, Qun
Wang, Moran
Pan, Ning
Guo, Zeng-yuan
TI Irreversibility of Heat Conduction in Complex Multiphase Systems and Its
Application to the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Porous Media
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR SCIENCES AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE irreversibility; entransy dissipation; effective thermal conductivity;
particle size; porous media
ID COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; BOLTZMANN METHOD; MICROCHANNELS; OPTIMIZATION;
NETWORKS; ENTRANSY; FLOWS; SINK
AB The irreversibility of heat conduction in porous media, its relation to effective thermal conductivities (ETCs), and the optimization of thermal conduction process are investigated in this work based on the concept of entransy dissipation. Two more new concepts of reference entransy dissipation and nondimensional entransy dissipation are first introduced. Then it is showed that the nondimensional entransy dissipation rate (NER) can be employed as an objective function to evaluate the efficiency of a thermal transfer process in a porous material. By using this criterion and a newly developed structure growth algorithms, different porous structures were generated and the corresponding values of both ETC and NER were derived to illustrate the usefulness and power of using NER to assess the thermal performance of the materials.
The results show that the effective thermal conductivity not only influences the heat transfer ability of porous media, but also reflects the irreversibility of heat conduction in porous media, which is a dissipation coefficient for heat transfer. Meanwhile, decreasing the structural particle size will increase the contact points, i.e. more heat bridges, decrease the temperature gradient nearby the contact points, and hence significantly increase the effective thermal coefficient of porous media. Essentially, decreasing the particle size will result in a more uniform distribution of both temperature gradient and local entransy dissipation rate along the heat flow direction, and consequently lead to a larger effective thermal conductivity.
C1 [Chen, Qun; Pan, Ning; Guo, Zeng-yuan] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Moran] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Pan, Ning] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Pan, Ning] Donghua Univ, Ctr Phys Fibrous Soft Matters, Shanghai 200051, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM ningpan.pan@gmail.com
RI Pan, Ning/B-1315-2008; Wang, Moran/A-1150-2010
OI Pan, Ning/0000-0002-8772-2596;
FU National Key Fundamental R&D Program of China [G2007CB206901]
FX The present work is supported by the National Key Fundamental R&D
Program of China (Grant No. G2007CB206901).
NR 39
TC 33
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 17
PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD
PI TEL AVIV
PA PO BOX 35010, TEL AVIV 61350, ISRAEL
SN 1565-1339
J9 INT J NONLIN SCI NUM
JI Int. J. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 1
BP 57
EP 66
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics;
Physics, Mathematical
SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics
GA 398YZ
UT WOS:000262768900006
ER
PT J
AU Kuykendall, T
Aloni, S
Jen-La Plante, I
Mokari, T
AF Kuykendall, Tevye
Aloni, Shaul
Jen-La Plante, Ilan
Mokari, Taleb
TI Growth of GaN@InGaN Core-Shell and Au-GaN Hybrid Nanostructures for
Energy Applications
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHOTOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOWIRES; METAL; HETEROSTRUCTURES; NANORODS; ALLOYS
AB We demonstrated a method to control the bandgap energy of GaN nanowires by forming GaN@InGaN core-shell hybrid structures using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Furthermore, we show the growth of Au nanoparticles on the surface of GaN nanowires in solution at room temperature. The work shown here is a first step toward engineering properties that are crucial for the rational design and synthesis of a new class of photocatalytic materials. The hybrid structures were characterized by various techniques, including photoluminescence (PL), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Copyright (C) 2009 Tevye Kuykendall et al.
C1 [Kuykendall, Tevye; Aloni, Shaul; Mokari, Taleb] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jen-La Plante, Ilan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mokari, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tmokari@lbl.gov
RI Jen-La Plante, Ilan/C-1500-2010; MOKARI, TALEB/F-1685-2012
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]
FX Thanks to Adam Schwartzberg for PL spectroscopy. The work at the
Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract
no. DE-AC0205CH11231.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 14
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1110-662X
J9 INT J PHOTOENERGY
JI Int. J. Photoenergy
PY 2009
AR 767951
DI 10.1155/2009/767951
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular
& Chemical
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Optics; Physics
GA 503VK
UT WOS:000270569100001
ER
PT J
AU Strycharz, S
Newman, L
AF Strycharz, S.
Newman, L.
TI USE OF NATIVE PLANTS FOR REMEDIATION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE: I. DECIDUOUS
TREES
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE native deciduous tree; phytoremediation; trichloroethylene (TCE)
ID METABOLISM; PHYTOREMEDIATION; HYDROCARBONS; CONTAMINANTS; ENVIRONMENT;
ATMOSPHERE; DIFFUSION; ACID; SOIL
AB Phytoremediation of trichloroethylene (TCE) can be accomplished using fast-growing, deep-rooting trees. The most commonly used tree for phytoremediation of TCE has been the hybrid poplar. This study looks at native southeastern trees of the United States as alternatives to the use of hybrid poplar. The use of native trees for phytoremediation allows for simultaneous restoration of contaminated sites. A 2-mo, greenhouse-based study was conducted to determine if sycamore (Plantanus L.), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.), and willow (Salix sachalinensis) trees possess the ability to degrade TCE by assessing TCE metabolite formation in the plant tissue. In addition to the metabolic capabilities of each tree species, growth parameters were measured including change in height, water usage, total fresh weight of each tissue type, and calculated total leaf surface area. Willow trees had the greatest increase in height among all trees tested; however, at higher concentrations TCE inhibits growth. Sycamore trees had the highest overall leaf surface area and total biomass, which correlated with sycamore trees also having the highest average water usage over the course of the experiment. Carbon tubes used to sample transpiration gases from sycamore, sweetgum, and cottonwood trees did not contain detectable levels of TCE. Tenex sample collection tubes used to sample willow trees during TCE exposure showed average TCE concentrations of up to 0.354 ng TCE cm-2 leaf tissue. All exposed trees contained TCE in the root, stem, and leaf tissues. The concentration of TCE remaining in tissues at the conclusion of the experiment varied, with the highest levels found in the roots and the lowest levels found in the leaves. Metabolites were also observed in different tissue types of all trees tested. The highest concentrations of trichloroacetic acid were observed in the leaves of the sycamore trees and cottonwood trees. Based on the growth parameters tested and the ability to metabolize TCE, sycamore and native cottonwood species are the best candidates for phytoremediation from this study.
C1 [Strycharz, S.; Newman, L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Newman, L.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Newman, L (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM newman2@gwm.sc.edu
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42-ES04696]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-FC09-96SR18546]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Mark Coleman (USDA Forest Service)
for his help in tree selection and the collection of eastern cottonwood
trees. They would like to thank Westvaco for donating the sycamore and
sweetgum trees used in this study and to thank Timothy Volk
(SUNY-Albany) for donating the willow trees used in this study. This
work was supported by grants from the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences (#P42-ES04696) and the U.S. Department of
Energy (#DE-FC09-96SR18546).
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-6514
J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT
JI Int. J. Phytoremediat.
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 2
BP 150
EP 170
AR PII 905533845
DI 10.1080/15226510802378442
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 372NZ
UT WOS:000260909600001
PM 28133997
ER
PT J
AU Strycharz, S
Newman, L
AF Strycharz, S.
Newman, L.
TI USE OF NATIVE PLANTS FOR REMEDIATION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE: II.
CONIFEROUS TREES
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE phytoremediation; trichloroethylene (TCE); coniferous; native;
southeastern
ID NORWAY SPRUCE/SOIL-SYSTEM; PINE-HARDWOOD FORESTS; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID;
UNITED-STATES; SOIL; ENVIRONMENT; METABOLISM; PHYTOREMEDIATION; WATER
AB The phytoremediation of trichloroethylene (TCE) from contaminated groundwater has been extensively studied using the hybrid poplar tree (Populus spp.). Several metabolites of TCE have been identified in the tissue of poplar including trichloroethanol (TCEOH) and dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA). In addition to the use of hybrid poplar for the phytoremediation of TCE, it is important to screen native tree species that could be successful candidates for field use. This study involves a greenhouse-based comparison of four different native southeastern conifers to a hybrid poplar species for their potential to phytoremediate TCE through the analysis of various plant tissues for TCE and major TCE metabolites, as well as several growth parameters that are desirable for phytoremediation. Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), Leyland cypress (X Cupressocyparis leylandii), two varieties of Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), and hybrid poplar species H11-11 (Populus trichocarpa x deltoides) were examined for the concentration of TCE and its metabolites in their tissue following treatment with either a low (50 mg L-1) or high dose of TCE (150 mg L-1) for 2 mo. The amount of water taken up, change in height of the tree, TCE transpiration, and total fresh weight of various tissue types were also measured. All trees contained detectable levels of TCE in their root and stem tissue. TCEOH was found only in the tissue of longleaf pine, suggesting that TCE metabolism was occurring in this tree. TCAA was only detected in the leaves of hybrid poplar and piedmont loblolly pine. Conifers took up less water over the 2-mo treatment period than hybrid poplar and grew at a slower rate. However, phytoremediation field sites may benefit from the evergreen's ability to transpire water throughout the winter months.
C1 [Strycharz, S.; Newman, L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Newman, L.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Newman, L (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM newman2@gwm.sc.edu
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42-ES04696]; U. S.
Department of Energy [DE-FC09-96SR18546]
FX The authors would like to thank the South Carolina Forestry Service for
donating the loblolly pine trees used in this project. They would also
like to acknowledge Mark Coleman (USDA Forest Service) for his help in
conifer tree selection. This work was supported by grants from the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (#P42-ES04696) and
the U. S. Department of Energy (#DE-FC09-96SR18546).
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-6514
J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT
JI Int. J. Phytoremediat.
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 2
BP 171
EP 186
AR PII 905534484
DI 10.1080/15226510802378459
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 372NZ
UT WOS:000260909600002
PM 28133996
ER
PT J
AU Mastretta, C
Taghavi, S
van der Lelie, D
Mengoni, A
Galardi, F
Gonnelli, C
Barac, T
Boulet, J
Weyens, N
Vangronsveld, J
AF Mastretta, Chiara
Taghavi, Safiyh
van der Lelie, Daniel
Mengoni, Alessio
Galardi, Francesca
Gonnelli, Christina
Barac, Tanja
Boulet, Jana
Weyens, Nele
Vangronsveld, Jaco
TI ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM SEEDS OF NICOTIANA TABACUM CAN REDUCE CADMIUM
PHYTOTOXICITY
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE endophytic bacteria; seed; metal toxicity; Nicotiana tabacum; cadmium
(Cd); phytoextraction; nutrient balance
ID GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; PLANT-GROWTH;
PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; PHYTOREMEDIATION; CONTAMINATION; RHIZOBACTERIA;
INOCULATION; RHIZOSPHERE; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Although endophytic bacteria seem to have a close association with their host plant, little is known about the influence of seed endophytic bacteria on initial plant development and on their interactions with plants under conditions of metal toxicity. In order to further elucidate this close relationship, we isolated endophytic bacteria from surface sterilized Nicotiana tabacum seeds that were collected from plants cultivated on a cadmium-(Cd) and zinc-enriched soil. Many of the isolated strains showed Cd tolerance. Sterilely grown tobacco plants were inoculated with either the endogenous microbial consortium, composed of cultivable and noncultivable strains; single strains; or defined consortia of the most representative cultivable strains. Subsequently, the effects of inoculation of endophytic bacteria on plant development and on metal and nutrient uptake were explored under conditions with and without exposure to Cd. In general, seed endophytes were found to have a positive effect on plant growth, as was illustrated by an increase in biomass production under conditions without Cd. In several cases, inoculation with endophytes resulted in improved biomass production under conditions of Cd stress, as well as in a higher plant Cd concentration and total plant Cd content compared to noninoculated plants. These results demonstrate the beneficial effects of seed endophytes on metal toxicity and accumulation, and suggest practical applications using inoculated seeds as a vector for plant beneficial bacteria.
C1 [Mastretta, Chiara; Barac, Tanja; Boulet, Jana; Weyens, Nele; Vangronsveld, Jaco] Hasselt Univ, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
[Taghavi, Safiyh; van der Lelie, Daniel] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Mengoni, Alessio] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Biol Anim & Genet, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Galardi, Francesca; Gonnelli, Christina] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Biol Vegetale, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
RP Vangronsveld, J (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Bldg D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
EM jaco.vangronsveld@uhasselt.be
RI Mengoni, Alessio/G-5336-2013;
OI Mengoni, Alessio/0000-0002-1265-8251
FU European Commission [QLRT-2001-00429]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Research Council of
Hasselt University; Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders; Institute for
the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the European Commission for their
support to PHYTAC project (EU PROJECT: QLRT-2001-00429) and the US
Department of Energy for their support for research on the application
of endophytic bacteria under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. Daniel van der
Lelie and Safiyh Taghavi are presently also being supported by
Laboratory Directed Research and Development funds at the Brookhaven
National Laboratory and by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, project
KP1102010 under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. Chiara Mastretta was also
supported by a PhD grant from the Research Council of Hasselt
University. Jana Boulet is presently supported by a PhD grant from the
Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders. Nele Weyens is supported by a PhD
grant from the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science
and Technology in Flanders.
NR 40
TC 77
Z9 85
U1 2
U2 35
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-6514
J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT
JI Int. J. Phytoremediat.
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 3
BP 251
EP 267
AR PII 906245422
DI 10.1080/15226510802432678
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378PM
UT WOS:000261336400003
ER
PT J
AU Barac, T
Weyens, N
Oeyen, L
Taghavi, S
van der Lelie, D
Dubin, D
Spliet, M
Vangronsveld, J
AF Barac, Tanja
Weyens, Nele
Oeyen, Licy
Taghavi, Safiyh
van der Lelie, Daniel
Dubin, Dirk
Spliet, Marco
Vangronsveld, Jaco
TI FIELD NOTE: HYDRAULIC CONTAINMENT OF A BTEX PLUME USING POPLAR TREES
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Phytotechnologies Conference
CY SEP 24-26, 2007
CL Denver, CO
SP US EPA, Int Phytotechnol Soc
DE poplar; hydraulic containment; BTEX plume; plume management; endophytic
bacteria; rhizosphere
ID ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA; HYBRID POPLARS; PHYTOREMEDIATION;
TRICHLOROETHYLENE; PLANTS
AB In 1999, 275 poplar trees were planted on a field site near a car factory in order to install a bioscreen. The aim was to combine the biodegradation activities of poplar and its associated rhizosphere and endophytic microorganisms for containing a BTEX contaminated groundwater plume. This BTEX plume occurred as the result of leaking solvents and fuel storage tanks. Monitoring, conducted over a 6-year period (1999-2005) after the planting of the trees suggested that the poplar trees and their associated microorganisms had, once the tree roots reached the contaminated groundwater zone, an active role in the remediation of the BTEX plume, resulting in full containment of the contamination. Analysis of the microbial communities associated with poplar demonstrated that, once the poplar roots got in contact with the BTEX contaminated groundwater, enrichment occurred of both rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria that were able to degrade toluene. Interestingly, once the BTEX plume was remediated, the numbers of toluene degrading rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria decreased below the detection limit, indicating that their population resulted from selective enrichment by the presence of the contaminants.
C1 [Barac, Tanja; Weyens, Nele; Oeyen, Licy; Vangronsveld, Jaco] Hasselt Univ, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
[Taghavi, Safiyh; van der Lelie, Daniel] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Dubin, Dirk] Ford Motor Co, Genk, Belgium.
[Spliet, Marco] Ingenieurbetrieb Dr Ing, W Putzbruhl, Germany.
RP Vangronsveld, J (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Agoralaan,Bldg D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
EM jaco.vangronsveld@uhasselt.be
NR 14
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-6514
J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT
JI Int. J. Phytoremediat.
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 5
BP 416
EP 424
AR PII 908434993
DI 10.1080/15226510802655880
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 403NY
UT WOS:000263090500002
PM 19810345
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZQ
Beyerlein, IJ
Lesar, R
AF Wang, Z. Q.
Beyerlein, I. J.
LeSar, R.
TI Plastic anisotropy in fcc single crystals in high rate deformation
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Anisotropic materials; Rate-dependent materials; Dislocation dynamics;
High rate deformation; Constitutive laws
ID 3D DISLOCATION DYNAMICS; SHOCK COMPRESSION; CELL STRUCTURES;
COPPER-CRYSTALS; ELASTIC FIELD; FLOW-STRESS; CROSS-SLIP; TENSILE;
ARRANGEMENT; METALS
AB 3D dislocation dynamics (DD) simulations arc employed to study the plastic anisotropy of a single crystal of copper under a wide range of high strain rates, 10(4)-10(6) s(-1). The simulations include a model for cross slip as well as the full dynamical equation of motion, both of which having been shown to have a large impact on the way dislocations interact and move at high strain rates. Three typical loading orientations are examined, [100], [111], and [(2) over bar 11]. We find that higher strain rates lead to faster dislocation density generation and higher flow stresses for all three orientations. For every strain rate studied, tensile loading in the [111] direction leads to the highest stress followed by [(2) over bar 11] and [100]. These differences increase with increasing strain rate as the result of dislocation accumulation, slip activity, and microstructural evolution becoming more inhomogeneous. Inhomogeneous dislocation accumulation leads to "directional" microstructure, with subboundaries or slip bands developing on the more active slip planes. The calculations compare favorably with some anisotropy data on fcc single crystals and capture well the transition in rate sensitivity in copper as the applied strain rate increases from 10(2) to 10(6) s(-1). Based on our DD results, we present a new theoretical framework for development of high strain rate single crystal laws. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Z. Q.; Beyerlein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[LeSar, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Wang, ZQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM zhiqing@lanl.gov
RI LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011
FU United States Department of Energy (US DOE) [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Iowa
State University
FX The work of Z.Q. Wang and I.J. Beyerlein was supported by the Advanced
Simulation and Computing Program at Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL). LANL is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for
the National Nuclear Security Administration of the United States
Department of Energy (US DOE) under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. R. L.
gratefully acknowledges Iowa State University for its support. Z.Q.W.
and I.J.B. greatly appreciate the insightful comments and discussions
with Dr. A. Zubelewicz.
NR 52
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 5
U2 37
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0749-6419
J9 INT J PLASTICITY
JI Int. J. Plast.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 1
BP 26
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.01.006
PG 23
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 386FO
UT WOS:000261867900002
ER
PT J
AU Sumpter, BG
Huang, JS
Meunier, V
Romo-Herrera, JM
Cruz-Silva, E
Terrones, H
Terrones, M
AF Sumpter, Bobby G.
Huang, Jingsong
Meunier, Vincent
Romo-Herrera, Jose M.
Cruz-Silva, Eduardo
Terrones, Humberto
Terrones, Mauricio
TI A Theoretical and Experimental Study On Manipulating the Structure and
Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Using Substitutional Dopants
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference on Current Trends in Computational Chemistry
CY NOV 02-03, 2007
CL Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS
SP USA Corps Engineers, USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr
HO Jackson State Univ
DE electronic structure; doped carbon nanotubes; growth mechanisms;
curvature; morphology
ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; DOUBLE COAXIAL
STRUCTURE; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; AB-INITIO; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
UNDOPED MULTIWALLS; BASIS-SET; NITROGEN; GROWTH
AB We examine the possibility of controlling nanotube growth and simultaneously manipulating the nanotube properties by adding elements in minute amounts (such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur) that are different from carbon and the metal catalyst during the growth process. This procedure is shown to be capable of producing bamboo-type morphologies, heterodoped carbon nanotubes, and Y-junctions. This also represents a critical step toward tailoring properties and controlling nanotube architectures, thus promoting the development of novel materials with unusual electronic applications. The underlying formation mechanisms that lead to the observed structures and morphologies are elucidated using wide-ranging electronic structure calculations that reveal the fundamentally different nature of nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur during carbon nanotube growth. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 97-118, 2009
C1 [Sumpter, Bobby G.; Huang, Jingsong; Meunier, Vincent] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sumpter, Bobby G.; Huang, Jingsong; Meunier, Vincent] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Romo-Herrera, Jose M.; Cruz-Silva, Eduardo; Terrones, Humberto; Terrones, Mauricio] IPICyT, Adv Mat Dept, San Luis Potosi 78216, Mexico.
RP Sumpter, BG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM sumpterbg@ornl.gov
RI Huang, Jingsong/A-2789-2008; Cruz-Silva, Eduardo/B-7003-2009; Meunier,
Vincent/F-9391-2010; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Terrones,
Mauricio/B-3829-2014
OI Huang, Jingsong/0000-0001-8993-2506; Cruz-Silva,
Eduardo/0000-0003-2877-1598; Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X;
Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355;
NR 73
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 3
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0020-7608
EI 1097-461X
J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM
JI Int. J. Quantum Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 109
IS 1
SI SI
BP 97
EP 118
DI 10.1002/qua.21893
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics
GA 383JB
UT WOS:000261668800013
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, JF
Landauer, MR
AF Weiss, Joseph F.
Landauer, Michael R.
TI History and development of radiation-protective agents
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Radioprotectors; radiotherapy; ionising radiation; antioxidants; growth
factors
ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; NECK-CANCER PATIENTS; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION;
FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGERS; BONE-MARROW-CELLS; X-RAY-IRRADIATION;
FACTOR-KAPPA-B; INDUCED CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; INDUCED GENOMIC
INSTABILITY; OCIMUM FLAVONOIDS ORIENTIN
AB Purpose: The search for ideal protective agents for use in a variety of radiation scenarios has continued for more than six decades. This review evaluates agents and procedures that have the potential to protect against acute and late effects of ionising radiation when administered either before or after radiation exposure. Conclusion: Over the years, extensive experimental studies of radiation-protective agents have enhanced our knowledge of radiation physics, chemistry, and biology. However, translation of agents from animal testing to use in various scenarios, such as prophylactic adjuncts in radiotherapy or post-exposure treatments for potential victims of radiation accidents/incidents, has been slow. Nevertheless, a number of compounds are now available for use in a variety of radiation situations. These include agents approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in reducing exposure to internal radionuclides (Prussian blue, calcium diethylenetriamene pentaacetate (DTPA) and zinc DTPA, potassium iodide) and amifostine for alleviating xerostomia associated with radiotherapy. Consensus groups have also recommended other therapies such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for radiation-induced neutropenia. The variety of prophylactic and therapeutic agents in the research pipeline includes those that are naturally-occurring with low toxicity, provide a long window of protection, protect normal tissue while sensitising tumours, or act via receptors and modulate biological processes such as induction of genes responsible for radioresistance. The search for agents that protect against acute and late effects of ionising radiation injury will undoubtedly continue into the future and influence other areas of radiation research.
C1 [Landauer, Michael R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Weiss, Joseph F.] US DOE, Off Hlth & Safety, Washington, DC USA.
RP Landauer, MR (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bldg 42,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
EM Landauer@afrri.usuhs.mil
NR 407
TC 138
Z9 146
U1 2
U2 27
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PY 2009
VL 85
IS 7
BP 539
EP 573
AR PII 912684737
DI 10.1080/09553000902985144
PG 35
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 462QR
UT WOS:000267371200001
PM 19557599
ER
PT J
AU Haley, B
Paunesku, T
Protic, M
Woloschak, GE
AF Haley, Benjamin
Paunesku, Tatjana
Protic, Miroslava
Woloschak, Gayle E.
TI Response of heterogeneous ribonuclear proteins (hnRNP) to ionising
radiation and their involvement in DNA damage repair
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE hnRNP; radiation; DNA DSB repair; homologous recombination;
transcription factors
ID NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN B1; RNA-BINDING-PROTEINS; SQUAMOUS-CELL
CARCINOMAS; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; MESSENGER-RNA; MAMMALIAN-CELLS;
GENE-EXPRESSION; STRESS-RESPONSE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; INDUCIBLE
TRANSCRIPTS
AB Purpose: To determine the relationship between heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP) and DNA repair, particularly in response to ionising radiation (IR). Materials and methods: The literature was examined for papers related to the topics of hnRNP, IR and DNA repair. Results: HnRNP orchestrate the processing of mRNA to which they are bound in response to IR. HnRNP A18, B1, C1/C2 and K interact with important proteins from DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathways, binding DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), the Ku antigen (Ku) and tumour suppressor protein 53 (p53) respectively. Notably, irregularities in the expression of hnRNP A18, B1, K, P2 and L have been linked to cancer and radiosensitivity. Sixteen different hnRNP proteins have been reported to show either mRNA transcript or protein quantity changes following IR. Various protein modifications of hnRNP in response to IR have also been noted: hnRNP A18, C1/C2 and K are phosphorylated; hnRNP C1/C2 is a target of apoptotic proteases; and hnRNP K degradation is controlled by murine double minute ubiquitin ligase (MDM2). Evidence points to a role for hnRNP A1, A18, A2/B1, C1/C2, K and P2 in regulating double-stranded break (DSB) repair pathways by promoting either homologous recombination (HR) or non-homologous end rejoining (NHEJ) repair pathways following IR. Conclusions: HnRNP proteins play a pivotal role in coordinating repair pathways following exposure to IR, through protein-protein interactions and transcript regulation of key repair and stress response mRNA. In particular, several hnRNP proteins are critical in coordinating the choice of HR or NHEJ to repair DSB caused by IR.
C1 [Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Paunesku, Tatjana; Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Protic, Miroslava] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Woloschak, GE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 303 E Chicago Ave,Ward Bldg Room 13-002, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
EM g-woloschak@northwestern.edu
RI Paunesku, Tatjana/A-3488-2017; Woloschak, Gayle/A-3799-2017
OI Paunesku, Tatjana/0000-0001-8698-2938; Woloschak,
Gayle/0000-0001-9209-8954
FU NIH [NS21442-18, EB002100, U54CA119341]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER64342]
FX This work was supported in part by NIH grants: NS21442-18, EB002100,
U54CA119341 and the DOE grant: DE-FG02-07ER64342.
NR 76
TC 38
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PY 2009
VL 85
IS 8
BP 643
EP 655
AR PII 912889880
DI 10.1080/09553000903009548
PG 13
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 475VV
UT WOS:000268392300001
PM 19579069
ER
PT J
AU Paunesku, T
Vogt, S
Irving, TC
Lai, B
Barrea, RA
Maser, J
Woloschak, GE
AF Paunesku, Tatjana
Vogt, Stefan
Irving, Thomas C.
Lai, Barry
Barrea, Raul A.
Maser, Joerg
Woloschak, Gayle E.
TI Biological applications of X-ray microprobes
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM); metals in cells
ID ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CANCER-CELLS; CONTRAST;
AGENTS; COPPER
AB Purpose: To present an overview of the workshop on X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM). Results: Talks presented at the workshop and the associated works are highlighted. Conclusions: Use of XFM in biomedical sciences is growing and may be advanced even further by adding (i) high resolution microprobes, and (ii) high throughput approaches to the XFM toolbox.
C1 [Paunesku, Tatjana; Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Paunesku, Tatjana; Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Vogt, Stefan; Lai, Barry] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Irving, Thomas C.; Barrea, Raul A.] IIT, Dept Biol, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Irving, Thomas C.; Barrea, Raul A.] IIT, Dept Chem, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Irving, Thomas C.; Barrea, Raul A.] IIT, Dept Phys Sci, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Maser, Joerg] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Woloschak, GE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 303 E Chicago Ave,Ward 13-002, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
EM g-woloschak@northwestern.edu
RI ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013; Paunesku,
Tatjana/A-3488-2017; Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013; Woloschak,
Gayle/A-3799-2017; Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009
OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Paunesku, Tatjana/0000-0001-8698-2938;
Woloschak, Gayle/0000-0001-9209-8954; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513
FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR008630]; NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB002100]
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PY 2009
VL 85
IS 8
BP 710
EP 713
AR PII 913458303
DI 10.1080/09553000903009514
PG 4
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 475VV
UT WOS:000268392300007
PM 19637082
ER
PT J
AU Nam, JM
Chung, Y
Hsu, HC
Park, CC
AF Nam, Jin-Min
Chung, Yoonsun
Hsu, Howard C.
Park, Catherine C.
TI beta 1 integrin targeting to enhance radiation therapy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE beta 1; integrin; ionising radiation; cancer; therapy
ID INVASIVE BREAST-CANCER; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; IONIZING-RADIATION;
BETA(1) INTEGRIN; MELANOMA-CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PROSTATE-CANCER;
IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; RADIOTHERAPY
AB Purpose: Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is mediated by the integrin family and has been known to modify radiation sensitivity and resistance in several cell types, including cancer cells. In particular, beta 1 integrin signaling has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of various cancers and has been shown to facilitate resistance to radiation therapy.
Conclusion: In this mini-review, we provide a brief overview of integrin targeting in radiation therapy. We specifically focus on the updated findings of b1 integrin-mediated signaling pathways after exposure to ionising radiation (IR) using in vitro and in vivo experimental models, which could represent promising therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
C1 [Park, Catherine C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Nam, Jin-Min; Chung, Yoonsun; Hsu, Howard C.; Park, Catherine C.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Park, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Radiat Oncol, 1600 Divisadero St H1031, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM cpark@radonc.ucsf.edu
RI Nam, Jin-Min/D-6468-2012
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA124891]
NR 44
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PY 2009
VL 85
IS 11
BP 923
EP 928
DI 10.3109/09553000903232876
PG 6
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 514TE
UT WOS:000271417700003
PM 19895268
ER
PT J
AU Coon, AB
Chu, J
Sun, JG
Bernard, D
Yao, R
Templeton, A
Griem, KL
AF Coon, A. B.
Chu, J.
Sun, J. G.
Bernard, D.
Yao, R.
Templeton, A.
Griem, K. L.
TI Three Dimensional Effusivity Measurements Predict Acute Radiation Skin
Toxicities
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Radiation-Oncology
CY NOV 01-05, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Soc Radiat Oncol
C1 [Coon, A. B.; Chu, J.; Bernard, D.; Yao, R.; Templeton, A.; Griem, K. L.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
[Sun, J. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0360-3016
J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 3
BP S612
EP S613
PG 2
WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 503WW
UT WOS:000270573602272
ER
PT J
AU DeWoskin, D
Scharein, R
Arsuaga, J
Park, C
AF DeWoskin, D.
Scharein, R.
Arsuaga, J.
Park, C.
TI A Computational Homology Analysis of CGH Data Finds Recurrent Genomic
Instability in Older Breast Cancer Patients
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Radiation-Oncology
CY NOV 01-05, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Soc Radiat Oncol
C1 [DeWoskin, D.; Park, C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[DeWoskin, D.; Scharein, R.; Arsuaga, J.] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
[Park, C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0360-3016
J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 3
BP S135
EP S135
PG 1
WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 503WW
UT WOS:000270573600289
ER
PT J
AU Hsu, HC
Zhang, H
Park, CC
AF Hsu, H. C.
Zhang, H.
Park, C. C.
TI Beta1 Integrin Inhibition Promotes Apoptosis and Proliferation Arrest in
Prostate Cancer Cells in 3-Dimensional (3D) Cultures
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Radiation-Oncology
CY NOV 01-05, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Soc Radiat Oncol
C1 [Hsu, H. C.; Zhang, H.; Park, C. C.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Hsu, H. C.; Park, C. C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0360-3016
J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 3
BP S543
EP S543
PG 1
WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 503WW
UT WOS:000270573602115
ER
PT J
AU Nam, J
Park, CC
AF Nam, J.
Park, C. C.
TI Alpha5beta1 Integrin and Oncofetal Fibronectin are Upregulated in
Malignant Breast Cells in Three-dimensional Culture That can be
Specifically Targeted for Radiation Therapy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Radiation-Oncology
CY NOV 01-05, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Soc Radiat Oncol
C1 [Nam, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Park, C. C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0360-3016
J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 3
BP S544
EP S544
PG 1
WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 503WW
UT WOS:000270573602117
ER
PT J
AU Singh, N
Glenn, NF
AF Singh, N.
Glenn, N. F.
TI Multitemporal spectral analysis for cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum)
classification
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; VEGETATION INDEX; TM IMAGERY; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES;
RANGELAND VEGETATION; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; SEMIARID LANDSCAPE;
HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; MIXTURE ANALYSIS; SOIL
AB Operational satellite remote sensing data can provide the temporal repeatability necessary to capture phenological differences among species. This study develops a multitemporal stacking method coupled with spectral analysis for extracting information from Landsat imagery to provide species-level information. Temporal stacking can, in an approximate mathematical sense, effectively increase the 'spectral' resolution of the system by adding spectral bands of several multitemporal images. As a demonstration, multitemporal linear spectral unmixing is used to successfully delineate cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) from soil and surrounding vegetation (77% overall accuracy). This invasive plant is an ideal target for exploring multitemporal methods because of its phenological differences with other vegetation in early spring and, to a lesser degree, in late summer. The techniques developed in this work are directly applicable for other targets with temporally unique spectral differences.
C1 [Glenn, N. F.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Singh, N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Glenn, NF (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, 322 E Front St,Suite 240, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM glennanc@isu.edu
RI Glenn, Nancy/B-4491-2014
OI Glenn, Nancy/0000-0003-2124-7654
FU Pacific Northwest Regional Collaboratory; NASA
FX This research was funded by the Pacific Northwest Regional Collaboratory
as part of a Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) project,
funded by NASA. We are grateful to Janelle Downs, Jerry Tagestad and
Gregg Petrie of PNNL and Shane Cherry of the Idaho National Laboratory
for their valuable input and expertise. Thomas Windholz and Keith Weber
of the ISU GIS Training and Research Center provided valuable input and
data. We thank Jacob Mundt for assistance in editing and we also thank
two anonymous reviewers.
NR 62
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 13
BP 3441
EP 3462
AR PII 913318168
DI 10.1080/01431160802562222
PG 22
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 474IS
UT WOS:000268277600009
ER
PT J
AU Min, KB
Rutqvist, J
Elsworth, D
AF Min, Ki-Bok
Rutqvist, Jonny
Elsworth, Derek
TI Chemically and mechanically mediated influences on the transport and
mechanical characteristics of rock fractures
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemo-mechanical coupling; Fracture aperture; Fracture constitutive
model; Rock fracture
ID TOPOPAH SPRING TUFF; PRESSURE-SOLUTION; HYDROLOGICAL PROPERTIES; NATURAL
FRACTURE; FLUID-FLOW; PERMEABILITY; MODEL; DEFORMATION; JOINTS;
DISSOLUTION
AB A model is presented to represent changes in the mechanical and transport characteristics of fractured rock that result from coupled mechanical and chemical effects. The specific influence is the elevation of dissolution rates on contacting asperities, which results in a stress- and temperature-dependent permanent closure. A model representing this pressure-dissolution-like behavior is adapted to de. ne the threshold and resulting response in terms of fundamental thermodynamic properties of a contacting fracture. These relations are incorporated in a stress- stiffening model of fracture closure to de. ne the stress- and temperature-dependency of aperture loss and behavior during stress and temperature cycling. These models compare well with laboratory and field experiments, representing both decoupled isobaric and isothermal responses. The model was applied to explore the impact of these responses on heated structures in rock. The result showed a reduction in ultimate induced stresses over the case where chemical effects were not incorporated, with permanent reduction in final stresses after cooling to ambient conditions. Similarly, permeabilities may be lower than they were in the case where chemical effects were not considered, with a net reduction apparent even after cooling to ambient temperature. These heretofore-neglected effects may have a correspondingly significant impact on the performance of heated structures in rock, such as repositories for the containment of radioactive wastes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Min, Ki-Bok; Elsworth, Derek] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Min, KB (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
EM ki-bok.min@adelaide.edu.au
RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; Min, Ki-Bok/B-5374-2008; Elsworth,
Derek/D-2844-2015
OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Min, Ki-Bok/0000-0001-7463-7395;
Elsworth, Derek/0000-0002-4942-1151
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The support of the Director, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste
Management, Office of Chief Scientist, of the US Department of Energy
under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 is gratefully acknowledged. The
comments of two anonymous reviewers are appreciated.
NR 30
TC 24
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1365-1609
J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN
JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 1
BP 80
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2008.04.002
PG 10
WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 403SA
UT WOS:000263101100008
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, Y
Swinton, SM
AF Jiang, Yong
Swinton, Scott M.
TI Market interactions, farmers' choices, and the sustainability of growing
advanced biofuels: a missing perspective?
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass; energy; advanced biofuels; corn; land use; switchgrass; ethanol
ID UNITED-STATES; SWITCHGRASS; ETHANOL; BIOMASS; BIOENERGY; ENERGY; COSTS
AB Advanced biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol are of great interest in the USA. With agriculture being the major source of feedstock for advanced biofuels, how farmers would respond to markets and policy incentives in providing such feedstock can directly affect sufficient and sustainable supply of advanced biofuels and their environmental sustainability. In this study, we developed an economic model to examine farmers' production choices in a context where agricultural markets are linked to energy markets. We identified the economic conditions under which farmers could maximize their profits by converting current grain cropland to grow cellulosic biomass crops. An empirical illustration showed that with current technology, farmers are unlikely to grow switchgrass as a dedicated energy crop instead of corn on cropland. The biofuel incentives in the 2008 Farm Bill can improve the competitiveness of switchgrass, but may stimulate corn production as well, with corn residues as an alternative feedstock for advanced biofuels. The continuous, possibly expanding, corn production in future raises the same issues for advanced biofuels as for corn grain-based ethanol. To assure the environmental sustainability of advanced biofuel production, further research is needed to help design environmental policies alongside existing biofuel initiatives.
C1 [Jiang, Yong; Swinton, Scott M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Food & Resource Econ, US Dept Enery, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Jiang, Y (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Food & Resource Econ, US Dept Enery, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM jyong@anr.msu.edu
RI jiang, yong/M-4318-2013
OI jiang, yong/0000-0001-6192-8206
FU US Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy Great Lakes
Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494).
All opinions are the responsiblity of the authors alone.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1350-4509
J9 INT J SUST DEV WORLD
JI Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol.
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 6
BP 438
EP 450
AR PII 917313238
DI 10.1080/13504500903336405
PG 13
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Ecology
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 528XT
UT WOS:000272481000008
ER
PT J
AU Pimont, F
Dupuy, JL
Linn, RR
Dupont, S
AF Pimont, Francois
Dupuy, Jean-Luc
Linn, Rodman R.
Dupont, Sylvain
TI Validation of FIRETEC wind-flows over a canopy and a fuel-break
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
LA English
DT Article
DE forest canopy; forest edge; HIGRAD; large-eddy simulation; wildfire
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; NEUTRALLY STRATIFIED FLOW; TURBULENT-FLOW; FOREST
EDGE; AIR-FLOW; DECIDUOUS FOREST; PLANT CANOPIES; FOLIAR DENSITY; PART
I; STATISTICS
AB The wildfire model FIRETEC simulates the large coherent eddies of the wind-flows induced by the canopy. It has been qualitatively validated in its ability to simulate fire behavior, but there is still a need to validate physical submodels separately. In the present study, the dynamics and turbulence of the flow simulated by FIRETEC are validated in a manner similar to other air-flow models without fire, through comparison with measurements associated with flows within continuous and discontinuous forests captured through in situ and wind-tunnel experiments with neutral thermal stratification. The model is shown to be able to reproduce accurately all essential features of turbulent flow over both forests. Moreover, a short sensitivity study shows that the model is not very sensitive to uncertain parameters such as vegetation drag coefficient. Finally, it is shown in the discontinuous forest case that wind gusts on fuel-breaks can be very strong and significantly higher than in surrounding canopies, even if their directions are more stable. These results and others briefly reviewed in the present paper allow better understanding of wind-flow perturbations induced by fuel-breaks. This new validation added to previous ones confirms the ability of FIRETEC for investigating effects of fuel-break design on fire propagation.
C1 [Pimont, Francois; Dupuy, Jean-Luc] INRA, Unite Rech Forestieres Mediterraneennes, Equipe Prevent Incendies Foret, UR629, F-84914 Avignon, France.
[Linn, Rodman R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Dupont, Sylvain] INRA, EPHYSE UR1263, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France.
RP Pimont, F (reprint author), INRA, Unite Rech Forestieres Mediterraneennes, Equipe Prevent Incendies Foret, UR629, F-84914 Avignon, France.
EM pimont@avignon.inra.fr
FU European Commission [FP6-018505]
FX This study has been partially funded by the European Commission in the
frame of the FIREPARADOX research program ( contract FP6-018505) and the
large computations for this work have been made possible by the Los
Alamos National Laboratory Institutional Computing resources.
NR 54
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 8
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1049-8001
J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE
JI Int. J. Wildland Fire
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 7
BP 775
EP 790
DI 10.1071/WF07130
PG 16
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 511KP
UT WOS:000271163500004
ER
PT J
AU Webster, JR
Newbold, JD
Thomas, SA
Valett, HM
Mulholland, PJ
AF Webster, J. R.
Newbold, J. D.
Thomas, S. A.
Valett, H. M.
Mulholland, P. J.
TI Nutrient Uptake and Mineralization during Leaf Decay in Streams - a
Model Simulation
SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF HYDROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Plant Litter Processing in Freshwaters Conference
CY JUN, 2008
CL Coimbra, PORTUGAL
DE nitrogen; phosphorus; leaf breakdown; model; stoichiometry
ID HEADWATER STREAMS; WOODLAND STREAM; ECOLOGICAL STOICHIOMETRY;
PHOSPHORUS-LIMITATION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; NITROGEN-RETENTION;
MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; GROWTH; CARBON; DECOMPOSITION
AB We developed a stoichiometrically explicit computer model to examine how heterotrophic uptake of nutrients and microbial mineralization occurring during the decay of leaves in streams may be important in modifying nutrient concentrations. The simulations showed that microbial uptake can substantially decrease stream nutrient concentrations during the initial phases of decomposition, while mineralization may produce increases in concentrations during later stages of decomposition. The simulations also showed that initial nutrient content of the leaves can affect the stream nutrient concentration dynamics and determine whether nitrogen or phosphorus is the limiting nutrient. Finally, the simulations suggest a net retention (uptake > mineralization) of nutrients in headwater streams, which is balanced by export of particulate organic nutrients to downstream reaches. Published studies support the conclusion that uptake can substantially change stream nutrient concentrations. On the other hand, there is little published evidence that mineralization also affects nutrient concentrations. Also, there is little information on direct microbial utilization of nutrients contained in the decaying leaves themselves. Our results suggest several directions for research that will improve our understanding of the complex relationship between leaf decay and nutrient dynamics in streams.
C1 [Webster, J. R.; Valett, H. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Newbold, J. D.] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA.
[Thomas, S. A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Mulholland, P. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Webster, JR (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM jwebster@vt.edu
RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012
NR 58
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 15
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1434-2944
J9 INT REV HYDROBIOL
JI Int. Rev. Hydrobiol.
PY 2009
VL 94
IS 4
BP 372
EP 390
DI 10.1002/iroh.200811158
PG 19
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 494RD
UT WOS:000269832100003
ER
PT S
AU Bitzer, EG
Chen, PY
Johnston, RG
AF Bitzer, Edward G., III
Chen, Peter Y.
Johnston, Roger G.
BE Hodgkinson, GP
Ford, JK
TI SECURITY IN ORGANIZATIONS: EXPANDING THE FRONTIER OF
INDUSTRIAL-ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2009,
VOL 24
SE International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID REPORTED BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS; LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE; SAFETY CLIMATE;
EMPLOYEE THEFT; WORKPLACE AGGRESSION; SOCIAL-EXCHANGE; MODEL;
PERFORMANCE; SUPPORT; FRUSTRATION
C1 [Bitzer, Edward G., III; Chen, Peter Y.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Psychol, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Johnston, Roger G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bitzer, EG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Psychol, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
NR 97
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0886-1528
BN 978-0-470-68000-1
J9 INT REV IND ORGAN PS
PY 2009
VL 24
BP 131
EP 149
PG 19
WC Psychology, Applied
SC Psychology
GA BKA88
UT WOS:000267619900004
ER
PT J
AU Zelenyuk, A
Imre, D
AF Zelenyuk, Alla
Imre, Dan
TI Beyond single particle mass spectrometry: multidimensional
characterisation of individual aerosol particles
SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE single particle mass spectrometer; vacuum aerodynamic diameter; aerosol
composition; particle density; particle shape; aerosol hygroscopicity
ID DYNAMIC SHAPE FACTORS; DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYZER; AERODYNAMIC
DIAMETER MEASUREMENTS; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; BEAM WIDTH PROBE;
ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; EFFECTIVE
DENSITY; AMMONIUM-NITRATE
AB The behaviour of small aerosol particles depends on a number of their physical and chemical properties, many of which are strongly coupled. The size, internal composition, density, shape, morphology, hygroscopicity, index of refraction, activity as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei and other attributes of individual particles all play a role in determining particle properties and their impacts. The traditional particle characterisation approaches rely on separate parallel measurements that average over an ensemble of particles of different sizes and/or compositions and later attempt to draw correlations between them. As a result such studies overlook critical differences between particles and bulk and miss the fact that individual particles often exhibit major differences. Here, we review the recently developed methods to simultaneously measure in situ and in real time several of the attributes for individual particles using a single particle mass spectrometer (SPMS), SPLAT or its second generation SPLAT II. We also discuss novel approaches developed for classification, visualisation and mining of large datasets produced by the multidimensional single particle characterisation.
C1 [Zelenyuk, Alla] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Imre, Dan] Imre Consulting, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zelenyuk, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM alla.zelenyuk@pnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical
Sciences Division, and Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy;
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy
by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RL0 1830]
FX We thank all our co-authors and collaborators on the studies described
in this review. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division, and Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy. This research was in part performed in
the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific
user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by the US Department of Energy by
Battelle Memorial Institute under contract No. DE-AC06-76RL0 1830.
NR 124
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 43
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0144-235X
EI 1366-591X
J9 INT REV PHYS CHEM
JI Int. Rev. Phys. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 2
BP 309
EP 358
DI 10.1080/01442350903037458
PG 50
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 488IV
UT WOS:000269343700006
ER
PT J
AU Kable, SH
Reid, SA
Sears, TJ
AF Kable, Scott H.
Reid, Scott A.
Sears, Trevor J.
TI The halocarbenes: model systems for understanding the spectroscopy,
dynamics and chemistry of carbenes
SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE carbenes; halocarbenes; laser spectroscopy; singlet-triplet gap;
photochemistry; Renner-Teller effect; spin-orbit coupling; axis-tilting
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; SINGLET-TRIPLET GAPS; QUANTUM BEAT
SPECTROSCOPY; ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; OPTICAL DOUBLE-RESONANCE;
SUPERSONIC FREE-JET; (A)OVER-TILDE-(X)OVER-TILDE VIBRONIC TRANSITION;
ION PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION PUMPING SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLVED
ELECTRONIC-SPECTRUM
AB We review recent studies of the spectroscopy and dynamics of halocarbenes :CXY (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I; Y = F, Cl, Br, I), which are set forth as model systems for understanding the spectroscopy, photochemistry and photophysics of carbenes, and benchmarks for comparing experiment and theory concerning carbene singlet-triplet gaps and spin-orbit coupling from the limit of mixing of isolated rovibronic levels to energy perturbations involving entire vibronic levels. Following a historical overview of halocarbene chemistry, which spans more than 50 years, we discuss experimental methods for generating and spectroscopically detecting these elusive species. Subsequent sections focus on: (a) the spectroscopy of the halocarbenes, where a variety of non-adiabatic interactions are operative, (b) the singlet-triplet gap in the halocarbenes, where experimental methods for measuring this quantity are outlined and their results are compared with benchmark theoretical calculations and (c) the photochemistry and photodissociation dynamics of the halocarbenes, which emphasises recent observations of the hitherto unobserved quasilinear B state.
C1 [Kable, Scott H.] Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Reid, Scott A.] Marquette Univ, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Sears, Trevor J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kable, SH (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM s.kable@chem.usyd.edu.au; scott.reid@mu.edu; sears@bnl.gov
RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013; Reid, Scott/J-6491-2016
OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154; Reid, Scott/0000-0001-9916-7414
NR 213
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0144-235X
EI 1366-591X
J9 INT REV PHYS CHEM
JI Int. Rev. Phys. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 3
BP 435
EP 480
DI 10.1080/01442350903087792
PG 46
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 505YC
UT WOS:000270737100003
ER
PT S
AU Arrington, J
AF Arrington, John
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Two-photon exchange measurements with positrons and electrons
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE electron scattering; electromagnetic form factors; two-photon exchange
processes
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; PROTON SCATTERING
AB Two-photon exchange contributions have potentially broad ranging impact on several charged lepton scattering measurements. Previously believed to be extremely small, based in part on comparisons of positron scattering and electron scattering in the 1950s and 1960s, recent data suggest that the corrections may be larger than expected. in particular in kinematic regions that were inaccessible in these early positron scattering measurements. Additional measurements using positron beams at Jefferson Lab would allow for a detailed investigation of these contributions in a range of reactions and observables.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Arrington, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012
OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 13
EP 18
PG 6
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900003
ER
PT S
AU Burkert, VD
AF Burkert, Volker D.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering with Positron Beams at Jefferson Lab
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Positrons; DVCS; Generalized Parton Distributions
ID GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS
AB A brief discussion of the DVCS program at the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV energy upgrade is given with emphasis on what can be learned from using both polarized electron and positron beams measurements of deeply virtual Compton scattering on protons.
C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA.
RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 2600 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA USA.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 43
EP 48
PG 6
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900008
ER
PT S
AU Gai, W
Liu, WM
AF Gai, Wei
Liu, Wanming
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Positron sources for Linear Colliders
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Linear collider; Positron source
ID PARTICLES
AB Positron beams have many applications and there are many different concepts for positron sources. In this paper, only positron source techniques or linear colliders are covered. In order to achieve high luminosity, a linear collider positron source should have a high beam current, high beam energy, small emittance and, for some applications, a high degree of beam polarization. There are several different schemes presently being developed around the globe. Both the differences between these schemes and their common technical challenges are discussed.
C1 [Gai, Wei; Liu, Wanming] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gai, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 67
EP 73
PG 7
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900012
ER
PT S
AU Chemerisov, S
Jonah, CD
AF Chemerisov, S.
Jonah, Charles D.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Generation of High Intensity Thermal Positron Beams Using a 20 MeV
Electron Linac
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Positrons; Accelerators; Linac
ID SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; LAYERS; ATOMS; TRAP
AB We present an update on the development of a positron-facility at Argonne National Laboratory We discuss the advantages of using a low energy electron accelerator, present our latest results on slow positron production simulations, and describe our plans for further development of the facility. We have installed a new converter/moderator assembly that is appropriate or our electron energy and increases the yield about an order a magnitude. We have obtained a Penning trap and buncher from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) that we plan to install. We have simulated the relative yields of thermalized positrons as a function of incident positron energy on the moderator. We use these data to calculate positron yields that we compare with our experimental data is well as with available literature data. We will discuss the new design oldie next generation positron front end utilizing reflection moderation geometry.
C1 [Chemerisov, S.; Jonah, Charles D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chemerisov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 87
EP 93
PG 7
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900015
ER
PT S
AU Freyberger, AP
AF Freyberger, Arne P.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI The CEBAF e(+) Footprint
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Positron Production; Positron Capture; Positron Acceleration
AB The Continuous Electron Ream Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) the Jefferson Laboratory (JLAB) is capable of accelerating e(+) to 6 GeV in energy. Presently CEBAF is being upgraded to a maximum energy of 12 GeV. In addition e(+) scattering, the user community has expressed interest in performing e scattering experiments with the upgraded CEBAF accelerator. This paper describes the existing and planned CEBAF accelerator complex. possible e(+) production locations and the expected e(+) beam qualities. Possibilities for production of e(+) at the JLAB free electron laser (FEL) is also briefly described.
C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Freyberger, AP (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 101
EP 108
PG 8
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900017
ER
PT S
AU Golge, S
Hyde, CE
Freyberger, A
AF Golge, Serkan
Hyde, Charles E.
Freyberger, Arne
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Admittance Test and Conceptual Study of a CW Positron Source for CEBAF
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE CEBAF Admittance; Positron Acceleration
AB A conceptual study of a Continuous Wave (CW) positron production is presented in ;this paper. The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLAB) operates with a CW electron beam with a well-defined emittance. time structure and energy spread. Positrons created via bremsstrahlung photons in a high-Z target emerge with a large emittance compared to incoming electron beam. An admittance study has been performed at CEBAF to estimate the maximum beam phase space area that can he transported in the LINAC and in the Ares. A positron source is described utilizing the CEBAF injector electron beam, and directly injecting the positrons into the CEBAF LINAC.
C1 [Golge, Serkan; Hyde, Charles E.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Hyde, Charles E.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Freyberger, Arne] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Golge, S (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
FU LLC under U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-6OR23177]
FX Authored by Jefferson Science Associates,LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No.
DE-AC05-6OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript
for U.S. Government purposes.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 109
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900018
ER
PT S
AU Dumas, J
Grames, J
Voutier, E
AF Dumas, J.
Grames, J.
Voutier, E.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI A Polarized Positron Source for CEBAF
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Positron source; polarization transfer; electron sources
AB A compact polarized positron source or Jefferson Lab is discussed. This scheme relies upon a high polarization (55%), high current (1 mA), low-energy (<100 MeV) electron beam to generate polarized positrons in a conversion target via polarized bremsstrahlung and pair creation. GEANT4 is used to simulate source distributions suitable for a CEBAF-like injector with positron polarization similar to 60% and nano-Ampere intensity. An experiment to test this scheme is outlined.
C1 [Dumas, J.; Voutier, E.] Univ Grenoble 1, INP, CNRS, IN2P3,Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, 53 Rue Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
[Dumas, J.; Grames, J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Dumas, J (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, INP, CNRS, IN2P3,Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, 53 Rue Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DOE-AC05-06OR23177]; French National
Center of Scientific Research; Physique du Nucleon
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
contract DOE-AC05-06OR23177 under which the Jefferson Science
Associates, LLC, operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility, the French National Center of Scientific Research, and the GDR
nAE3034 Physique du Nucleon.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 120
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900020
ER
PT S
AU Kazimi, R
AF Kazimi, Reza
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI JLAB Electron Driver Capabilities
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE Positron Production; Electron Source; Electron Accelerator
AB Several schemes have been proposed or adding a positron beam option at the Continuous Electron Beam Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Laboratory (JLAB). They involve using a primary beam a electrons or gamma rays striking a target to produce a positron beam. At JLAB electron beams are produced and used in two different accelerators. CEBAF and the JLAB FEL (Free Electron Laser). Both have low emittance and energy spread. The CEBAF beam is polarized. The FEL beam is unpolarized but the injector can produce a higher current electron beam. In this paper we describe the characteristics of these beams and the parameters relevant For positron production.
C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Kazimi, R (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 126
EP 132
PG 7
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900021
ER
PT S
AU Wojtsekhowski, B
AF Wojtsekhowski, B.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Searching for a U-boson with a positron beam
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE U-boson; positron beam
AB A high sensitivity search or a light U-boson by means of a positron beam incident on a hydrogen target is proposed. We described a concept of the experiment and two possible realizations. The projected result or this experiment corresponds to in upper limit on the square of coupling constant vertical bar f(x)vertical bar(2) 3 x 10(9) with a signal to noise ratio of live.
C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Wojtsekhowski, B (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 14
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 149
EP 154
PG 6
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900024
ER
PT S
AU Solvignon, P
Gaskell, D
Arrington, J
AF Solvignon, P.
Gaskell, D.
Arrington, J.
BE Elouadrhiri, L
Grames, J
Melnitchouk, W
Forest, TA
Voutier, E
TI Coulomb distortion in the inelastic regime
SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON POSITRONS AT JEFFERSON LAB
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Positrons at Jefferson Lab
CY MAR 25-27, 2009
CL Newport News, VA
SP Jefferson Lab, Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, CNRS, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Paticle Phys
DE deep inleastic scattering; Coulomb distortion; nuclear dependence; EMC
effect
ID ELECTRON-SCATTERING; EMC; DEPENDENCE
AB The Coulomb distortion effects have been or a long time neglected in deep inelastic scattering 14 the good reason that the incident energies were very high. But for energies in the range earlier data from SEA( or at JLab, the Coulomb distortion could have the potential consequence of affecting the A-dependence of the EMC effect and or the longitudinal to transverse virtual photon absorption cross section ratio R(x, Q(2)).
C1 [Solvignon, P.; Arrington, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gaskell, D.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Solvignon, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012
OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357,
DE-AC05-84ER40150]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear
Physics, under contract numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC05-84ER40150
Modification No. M175.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0697-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1160
BP 155
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BOD59
UT WOS:000276312900025
ER
PT S
AU Rebel, B
AF Rebel, Brian
CA ArgoNeuT Collaboration
MicroBooNE Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI Status of the ArgoNeuT and MicroBooNE Experiments
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Neutrino; Liquid Argon; Time Projection Chamber
ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC-NU; SEARCH; KAMIOKANDE
AB Liquid Argon (LAr) time projection chambers are a promising technology for future large-scale neutrino detectors. Their spatial resolution and ability to measure dE/dX make them well suited for identifying and measuring the properties of neutrino interactions and rejecting background processes. The development of this technology in the United States is taking a staged approach, with current efforts combining research and development and Physics goals in varying amounts. The ArgoNeut experiment, a primarily R&D effort, consists of a cryostat containing 0.24 t of LAr. It is currently in the NuMI beam at Fermi lab and will take neutrino data this spring. It will provide a test-bed for development of analysis techniques for LAr detectors. The MicroBooNE cryostat will contain 170 t of LAr and will be located in the Booster neutrino beam at Fermi lab. MicroBooNE will develop and test processes for building a large LAr detector, as well as make relevant neutrino cross section measurements for future long baseline neutrino experiments and study the MiniBooNE low energy excess.
C1 [Rebel, Brian; ArgoNeuT Collaboration; MicroBooNE Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Rebel, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 84
EP 87
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200019
ER
PT S
AU Aalseth, CE
Amman, M
Amsbaugh, JF
Avignone, FT
Back, HO
Barabash, AS
Barbeau, PS
Beene, JR
Bergevin, M
Bertrand, FE
Boswell, M
Brudanin, V
Bugg, W
Burritt, TH
Chan, YD
Collar, JI
Cooper, RJ
Creswick, R
Detwiler, JA
Doe, PJ
Efremenko, Y
Egorov, V
Ejiri, H
Elliott, SR
Ely, J
Esterline, J
Farach, H
Fast, JE
Fields, N
Finnerty, P
Fujikawa, B
Fuller, E
Gehman, VM
Giovanetti, GK
Guiseppe, VE
Gusey, K
Hallin, AL
Hazama, R
Henning, R
Hime, A
Hoppe, EW
Hossbach, TW
Howe, MA
Johnson, RA
Keeter, KJ
Keillor, M
Keller, C
Kephart, JD
Kidd, MF
Kochetov, O
Konovalov, SI
Kouzes, RT
Lesko, KT
Leviner, L
Loach, JC
Luke, PN
MacMullin, S
Marino, MG
Mei, DM
Miley, HS
Miller, M
Mizouni, L
Montoya, A
Myers, AW
Nomachi, M
Odom, B
Orrell, JL
Phillips, D
Poon, AWP
Prior, G
Qian, J
Radford, DC
Rielage, K
Robertson, RGH
Rodriguez, L
Rykaczewski, KP
Schubert, AG
Shima, T
Shirchenko, M
Strain, J
Thomas, K
Thompson, R
Timkin, V
Tornow, W
Van Wechel, TD
Vanyushin, I
Vetter, K
Warner, R
Wilkerson, JF
Wouters, JM
Yakushev, E
Young, AR
Yu, CH
Yumatov, V
Zhang, C
Zimmerman, S
AF Aalseth, C. E.
Amman, M.
Amsbaugh, J. F.
Avignone, F. T., III
Back, H. O.
Barabash, A. S.
Barbeau, P. S.
Beene, J. R.
Bergevin, M.
Bertrand, F. E.
Boswell, M.
Brudanin, V.
Bugg, W.
Burritt, T. H.
Chan, Y. -D.
Collar, J. I.
Cooper, R. J.
Creswick, R.
Detwiler, J. A.
Doe, P. J.
Efremenko, Yu
Egorov, V.
Ejiri, H.
Elliott, S. R.
Ely, J.
Esterline, J.
Farach, H.
Fast, J. E.
Fields, N.
Finnerty, P.
Fujikawa, B.
Fuller, E.
Gehman, V. M.
Giovanetti, G. K.
Guiseppe, V. E.
Gusey, K.
Hallin, A. L.
Hazama, R.
Henning, R.
Hime, A.
Hoppe, E. W.
Hossbach, T. W.
Howe, M. A.
Johnson, R. A.
Keeter, K. J.
Keillor, M.
Keller, C.
Kephart, J. D.
Kidd, M. F.
Kochetov, O.
Konovalov, S. I.
Kouzes, R. T.
Lesko, K. T.
Leviner, L.
Loach, J. C.
Luke, P. N.
MacMullin, S.
Marino, M. G.
Mei, D. -M.
Miley, H. S.
Miller, M.
Mizouni, L.
Montoya, A.
Myers, A. W.
Nomachi, M.
Odom, B.
Orrell, J. L.
Phillips, D.
Poon, A. W. P.
Prior, G.
Qian, J.
Radford, D. C.
Rielage, K.
Robertson, R. G. H.
Rodriguez, L.
Rykaczewski, K. P.
Schubert, A. G.
Shima, T.
Shirchenko, M.
Strain, J.
Thomas, K.
Thompson, R.
Timkin, V.
Tornow, W.
Van Wechel, T. D.
Vanyushin, I.
Vetter, K.
Warner, R.
Wilkerson, J. F.
Wouters, J. M.
Yakushev, E.
Young, A. R.
Yu, C. -H.
Yumatov, V.
Zhang, C.
Zimmerman, S.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR: An R&D project towards a tonne-scale
germanium neutrinoless double-beta decay search
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE neutrino; double-beta; Majorana; germanium detectors; dark matter
ID GRAN-SASSO 1990-2003; GE-76
AB The MAJORANA collaboration is pursuing the development of the so-called MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. The DEMONSTRATOR is intended to perform research and development towards a tonne-scale germanium-based experiment to search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Ge-76. The DEMONSTRATOR can also perform a competitive direct dark matter search for light WIMPs in the 1 - 10 GeV/c(2) mass range. It will consist of approximately 60 kg of germanium detectors in an ultra-low background shield located deep underground at the Sanford Underground Laboratory in Lead, SD. The DEMONSTRATOR will also perform background and technology studies, and half of the detector mass will be enriched germanium. This talk will review the motivation, design, technology and status of the Demonstrator.
C1 [Aalseth, C. E.; Ely, J.; Fast, J. E.; Fuller, E.; Hoppe, E. W.; Hossbach, T. W.; Keillor, M.; Kephart, J. D.; Kouzes, R. T.; Miley, H. S.; Mizouni, L.; Orrell, J. L.; Thompson, R.; Warner, R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Aalseth, CE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Barabash,
Alexander/S-8851-2016;
OI Odom, Brian/0000-0002-3992-8864; Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868;
Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217; Marino, Michael/0000-0003-1226-6036
FU DOE-NP [DE-FG02-97ER41041]; NSF [PHY-0705014]; State of North Carolina
FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support of DOE-NP under grant #
DE-FG02-97ER41041, the NSF under grant # PHY-0705014, and the State of
North Carolina.
NR 6
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 88
EP +
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200020
ER
PT S
AU Castorena, J
Felix, J
Higuera, A
Urrutia, Z
Zavala, G
AF Castorena, J.
Felix, J.
Higuera, A.
Urrutia, Z.
Zavala, G.
CA MINERvA Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI Commissioning Of The MINERvA Tracking Prototype
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE minerva; e938; numi; neutrino
AB MINERvA is a neutrino scattering experiment that uses the NuMI beamline at Fermilab. A Tracking Prototype was assembled, commissioned and tested at Fermilab before moving it into the NuMI beamline. A description of some of the main commissioning activities is presented here.
C1 [Castorena, J.; Felix, J.; Higuera, A.; Urrutia, Z.] Univ Guadalajara, Div Ciencias Ingenierias E, Guanajuato, Mexico.
[Zavala, G.] Univ Guanajuato, DECA, Guanajuato, Mexico.
[MINERvA Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab, Batavia, IL USA.
RP Castorena, J (reprint author), Univ Guadalajara, Div Ciencias Ingenierias E, Guanajuato, Mexico.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 104
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3293762
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200024
ER
PT S
AU Glenzinski, D
AF Glenzinski, Doug
BE Marshak, ML
TI Top-Quark Physics Results From The Tevatron
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Fermilab; Tevatron; Top Quark
AB Tevatron's record luminosities enable a program systematically addressing the physics of the top quark. The CDF and Dempty set experiments are pioneering measurements across the full breadth of topics. Some of their most recent results are summarized.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Glenzinski, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 147
EP 151
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200031
ER
PT S
AU Gardner, S
Latimer, DC
AF Gardner, Susan
Latimer, David C.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Dark Matter Constraints from a Cosmic Refractive Index
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE dark matter; gamma ray bursts; radio afterglows
AB The dark-matter candidates of particle physics invariably possess electromagnetic interactions, if only at loop level. Light, in passing through dark matter, can thus exhibit frequency-dependent effects, exhibiting a refractive index which deviates from its vacuum value. Its real part gives dispersive effects in propagation: such are signalled through systematic, frequency-dependent time delays in the observed light curves of cosmologically distant gamma-ray bursts. We review the theoretical framework for their analysis and use observations of gamma-ray-burst radio afterglows to set a direct limit on the electric-charge-to-mass ratio of dark matter.
C1 [Gardner, Susan] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Gardner, Susan; Latimer, David C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Gardner, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEFG02-96ER40989]
FX This work is supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Energy under
contract DEFG02-96ER40989.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 248
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200052
ER
PT S
AU Tschirhart, R
AF Tschirhart, R.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Kaon Physics: Probing the Standard Model and Beyond
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Kaon Physics; Rare Decays
AB The status and prospects of current and future kaon physics experiments is discussed. Both precision measurements and the search for and measurement of ultra-rare decays are powerful probes of many models of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The physics reach of these experiments will be briefly discussed.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Tschirhart, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 335
EP 337
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200070
ER
PT S
AU Hirschauer, JF
AF Hirschauer, James F.
CA BaBar Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI Experimental Status of the CKM Angle beta
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
ID CP ASYMMETRIES; B DECAYS; DETECTOR
AB We summarize measurements of the CKM angle beta at the B-factories emphasizing a comparison of beta measured in the B-0 -> c (c) over barK(()*()0) decay channels and beta(eff) measured in b -> q (q) over bars decay channels, such as B-0 -> omega K-s(0), B-0 -> eta'K-0, B-0 -> pi K-0(s)0, and B-0 -> (KsKsKs0)-K-0-K-0.
C1 [Hirschauer, James F.; BaBar Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Hirschauer, JF (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 359
EP 362
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200076
ER
PT S
AU Dudek, JJ
AF Dudek, Jozef J.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Excited charmonium physics from lattice QCD
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Charmonium; Lattice QCD; Potential Models; Exotics
AB Properties of excited mesons are studied using a lattice QCD simulation of a system comparable to charmonium. We extract a spectrum of states, including those with manifestly exotic quantum numbers. Radiative transition form-factors are also computed, in particular the transition from exotic eta(c1) to J/psi gamma which is found to be large on the usual scale of magnetic dipole transitions.
C1 [Dudek, Jozef J.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Dudek, JJ (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 459
EP 462
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200098
ER
PT S
AU Bandurin, D
AF Bandurin, Dmitry
BE Marshak, ML
TI Photon plus jets measurements at D0
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE parton distribution functions; heavy flavor production; multiple parton
interactions; photons; jets
ID DOUBLE PARTON SCATTERING; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; 4-JET EVENTS; TEV;
QUARK; QCD
AB In this paper, we present a few measurements done at the D0 experiment at the Fermi lab Tevatron Collider. These measurements include the triple differential cross sections (d(3)sigma/dp(T)(Gamma)dy(gamma)dy(jet)) of the photon and associated jet production, the photon and heavy flavour (b and c) jet, and finally, study of the double parton events using gamma+3 jet events. Each section below presents the motivations and a description of those measurements.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Bandurin, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 475
EP 478
DI 10.1063/1.3293848
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200102
ER
PT S
AU Lee, C
Hornig, A
Ovanesyan, G
AF Lee, Christopher
Hornig, Andrew
Ovanesyan, Grigory
BE Marshak, ML
TI Factorized, Resummed and Gapped Angularity Distributions in SCET
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Factorization; Resummation; Jets; Event Shapes; Soft Collinear Effective
Theory
ID COLLINEAR EFFECTIVE THEORY; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING
AB Angularities tau(a) are a class of event shapes varying in their sensitivity to the substructure of jets in the final state, controlled by a continuous parameter a. Using the framework of soft-collinear effective theory (SCET), we factorize and calculate e(+)e(-) angularity distributions for all a < 1, including perturbative resummation to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy and the incorporation of a universal model for the nonperturbative soft function.
C1 [Lee, Christopher; Hornig, Andrew; Ovanesyan, Grigory] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lee, Christopher; Hornig, Andrew; Ovanesyan, Grigory] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lee, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Lee, Christopher/0000-0003-2385-7536
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]; National Science
Foundation [PHY-0457315]
FX CL would like to thank the organizers of CIPANP 2009 for their support
and hospitality. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract DEAC02-05CH11231 and the National Science
Foundation under grant PHY-0457315.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 517
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200112
ER
PT S
AU Ogawa, A
AF Ogawa, Akio
CA STAR Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI Measurements of single transverse spin asymmetries for hadron
productions in root s=200 GeV p+p collisions at STAR
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE polarized p p collisions; transverse spin; single spin asymmetry
ID SCATTERING; PP
AB The question of how the spin degrees of freedom in the nucleon are organized has not yet been fully answered. Forward hadron production in transversely polarized p+p collisions provides a unique way of probing the spin structure of the nucleon. Large (10% or more) single transverse spin asymmetries (A(N)) were measured at a wide range of collision energy. The STAR collaboration has previously measured pi(0) production with the Forward Pion Detector (FPD) at RHIC, and reported that large A(N) persists up to root s = 200 GeV. A Pb-glass electromagnetic calorimeter detector named the Forward Meson Spectrometer (FMS) has been built and installed at STAR. The FMS covers the pseudo-rapidity region of 2.5 < eta < 4.2 and the full azimuth. The FMS's large acceptance allows us to extend measurements to higher p(T), to heavier mass regions, and to multi particle final states. STAR has collected data with the FMS during Run 8. Results of A(N) measurements using the FMS and FPD will be presented.
C1 [Ogawa, Akio; STAR Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Ogawa, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 561
EP 564
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200121
ER
PT S
AU Yuan, F
AF Yuan, Feng
BE Marshak, ML
TI Collins Mechanism Contributions to Single Spin Asymmetry
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; ODD PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; FINAL-STATE
INTERACTIONS; DRELL-YAN PROCESSES; CHIRAL-ODD; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM;
FRAGMENTATION; GAUGE; QCD
AB We present recent developments on the single transverse spin physics, in particular, the Collins mechanism contributions in various hadronic reactions, such as semi-inclusive hadron production in DIS process, azimuthal distribution of hadron in high energy jet in pp collisions. We will demonstrate that the transverse momentum dependent and collinear factorization approaches are consistent with each other in the description of the Collins effects in the semi-inclusive hadron production in DIS process.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yuan, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 606
EP 609
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200132
ER
PT S
AU Chen, JP
AF Chen, Jian-ping
BE Marshak, ML
TI Spin Sum Rules at Low Q(2)
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Spin; neutron; polarized (3)He; JLab; sum rule; polarizability
ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; STRONG-COUPLING CONSTANT; PROTON; DEUTERON;
NUCLEON; NEUTRON
AB Recent precision spin-structure data from Jefferson Lab have significantly advanced our knowledge of nucleon structure at low Q(2). Results on the neutron spin sum rules and polarizabilities in the low to intermediate Q(2) region are presented. The Burkhardt-Cuttingham Sum Rule was verified within experimental uncertainties. When comparing with theoretical calculations, results on spin polarizability show surprising disagreements with Chiral Perturbation Theory predictions. Preliminary results on first moments at very low Q(2) are also presented.
C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Chen, JP (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 610
EP 613
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200133
ER
PT S
AU Gamberg, L
Schlegel, M
AF Gamberg, Leonard
Schlegel, Marc
BE Marshak, ML
TI Final State Interactions, T-odd PDFs & the Lensing Function
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Transverse Momentum; Gluonic Poles; TMDs; GPDs
ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; SINGLE-SPIN ASYMMETRIES; PARTON
DISTRIBUTIONS; SIVERS FUNCTION; GAUGE; LEPTOPRODUCTION; MODEL
AB It has been suggested that under certain approximations the Sivers effect can be described in terms of factorization of final state interactions and a spatial distortion of impact parameter space parton distribution; that is a convolution of the so-called lensing function and the impact parameter GPD E. In this approach the lensing function is calculated in a non-perturbative eikonal model. This enables a comparison between the a priori distinct Sivers function and the GPD E which goes beyond the discussion of overall signs.
C1 [Gamberg, Leonard] Penn State Univ Berks, Dept Phys, Reading, PA 19610 USA.
[Schlegel, Marc] Theory Ctr, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Gamberg, L (reprint author), Penn State Univ Berks, Dept Phys, Reading, PA 19610 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Einergy [DE-FG02-07ER41460]; Authored by Jefferson
Science Associates; EEC under U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX E.G. thanks Jacques Soffer for the opportunity to present this work at
CIPANP 09. We also thank Alessandro Bacchetta, Stan Brodsky, Matthias
Burkardt, Gary Goldstein, Simonetta Eiuti and Andreas Metz for useful
discussions. E.G. acknowledges support from U.S. Department of Einergy
under contract DE-FG02-07ER41460. Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science
Associates, EEC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S.
Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, Worldwide
license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government
purposes.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 614
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200134
ER
PT S
AU Cirigliano, V
AF Cirigliano, Vincenzo
BE Marshak, ML
TI Theory of rare Kaon and Pion decays
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Precision tests of the Standard Model; Chiral Perturbation Theory
ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; BRANCHING RATIO
AB I discuss recent theoretical progress in rare (leptonic) decay modes of K and pi mesons. After briefly outlining the physics reach beyond the Standard Model (SM), I review the SM calculation of the ratios R(e/mu)(P) Gamma(P -> e (V) over bar (e)[gamma])/Gamma(P -> mu(V) over bar (mu)[gamma]) (P = pi, K) in Chiral Perturbation Theory to order e(2)p(4).
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Cirigliano, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Cirigliano, Vincenzo/0000-0002-9056-754X
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 648
EP 651
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200140
ER
PT S
AU Sher, A
Aoki, M
Blecher, M
Bryman, DA
Comfort, J
Doornbos, J
Doria, L
Gumplinger, P
Hussein, A
Igarashi, Y
Ito, N
Kettell, S
Kuno, Y
Kurchaninov, L
Littenberg, L
Malbrunot, C
Marshal, G
Muroi, A
Poutissou, R
Sandorfi, A
Yamada, K
AF Sher, A.
Aoki, M.
Blecher, M.
Bryman, D. A.
Comfort, J.
Doornbos, J.
Doria, L.
Gumplinger, P.
Hussein, A.
Igarashi, Y.
Ito, N.
Kettell, S.
Kuno, Y.
Kurchaninov, L.
Littenberg, L.
Malbrunot, C.
Marshal, G.
Muroi, A.
Poutissou, R.
Sandorfi, A.
Yamada, K.
BE Marshak, ML
TI PIENU experiment at TRIUMF: Measurement of pi -> ev/pi -> mu nu
branching ratio
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Pion Decay; Universality; Weak Interactions; Precision Measurement
ID DECAY
AB A TRIUMF experiment, PIENU, which aims to measure the branching ratio of pion decays, R = Gamma(pi -> ev + ev gamma)/ Gamma(pi -> mu v + mu v gamma) to a precision of 0.1% or better is described. Such a measurement provides the best test of electron-muon universality in weak interactions and is sensitive to an effective mass scale of up to 1000 TeV in new physics.
C1 [Sher, A.; Doornbos, J.; Gumplinger, P.; Kurchaninov, L.; Marshal, G.; Poutissou, R.] TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Aoki, M.; Ito, N.; Kuno, Y.; Muroi, A.; Yamada, K.] Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
[Blecher, M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24021 USA.
[Bryman, D. A.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Comfort, J.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[Hussein, A.] Northeastern Univ British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
[Igarashi, Y.] KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Kettell, S.; Littenberg, L.; Sandorfi, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
RP Sher, A (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 702
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3293905
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200153
ER
PT S
AU Kutschke, RK
AF Kutschke, Robert K.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE muons conversion
AB The Mu2e collaboration has proposed an experiment to search for the coherent decay of a muon to an electron in the Coulomb field of a nucleus with an expected sensitivity of R(mu e) < 6.0 x 10(-17), at the 90% confidence level. Mu2e has received strong support from the P5 panel and has received Stage I approval from Fermi lab. If all resources are made available as required, the experiment could begin taking data as early as 2016.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Kutschke, RK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 510, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 718
EP 721
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200157
ER
PT S
AU Casey, BCK
AF Casey, Brendan C. K.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The New (g-2)mu Experiment at Fermilab
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Muon; anomalous magnetic moment; electric dipole moment
AB We present a proposal to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon to 0.14 ppm precision. This new g-2 experiment will be hosted by Fermi lab making use of minor modifications to the existing accelerator complex. The experiment will recycle several components from the previous g-2 experiment E821 hosted at Brookhaven. In particular, the entire storage ring and magnet will be shipped to Fermi lab. We cover the motivation for the experiment and review the measurement technique. We then focus on a new in-vacuo straw tracking system planned for the new experiment and its impact on searching for a permanent electric dipole moment of the muon.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Casey, BCK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 726
EP 729
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200159
ER
PT S
AU Semertzidis, YK
AF Semertzidis, Yannis K.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The status of the Storage Ring EDM experiment
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Hadronic EDMs; CP-violation; storage rings; polarimeters
ID MOMENTS; LIMIT
AB The status of the storage ring experiment capable of probing the proton and deuteron EDM at the 10(-29) e.cm level is presented here. At this level it will be sensitive to a new physics mass scale of similar to 300 TeV. If there is new physics at the LHC, it will be sensitive to 10 mu rad CP-violating phase level making it the most sensitive experiment for CP-violation beyond the SM.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Semertzidis, YK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 730
EP 736
PG 7
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200160
ER
PT S
AU O'Brien, E
AF O'Brien, Edward
BE Marshak, ML
TI The Future of RHIC
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Quark Gluon Plasma; Spin; Inelastic proton scattering
ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE
AB The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at BNL is in the middle of a multi-year upgrade program to prepare the facility for its second decade of operation. Upgrades to improve the accelerator luminosity, proton polarization and the physics capabilities of the PHENIX and STAR experiments will continue for the next 4-5 years. Accompanying the facility and experiment upgrades is an expansion of RHIC physics program into new areas of QCD associated with exploration of the properties of the sQGP, components of proton spin, gluon saturation and a search for the QCD critical point.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP O'Brien, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 739
EP 745
PG 7
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200161
ER
PT S
AU Morrison, DP
AF Morrison, David P.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The RHIC II Science Program
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE RHIC; quark matter; spin
ID COLLISIONS
AB The RHIC II science program is made possible by an evolutionary series of accelerator improvements and detector upgrades. The program will allow a detailed and quantitative description of the physical properities of the medium created in high energy heavy-ion collisions. It will also advance the study of the low-x initial state of the colliding nuclei and study the contribution of gluons and sea quarks to the spin of the proton.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Morrison, DP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 746
EP 750
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200162
ER
PT S
AU Koch, V
AF Koch, Volker
BE Marshak, ML
TI Elliptic Flow and Single Particle Dynamics
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Heavy Ion Collisions; Elliptic flow
AB In this contribution we present an alternative scenario for the large elliptic flow observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Motivated by recent results from Lattice QCD on flavor off-diagonal susceptibilities we argue that the matter right above T(c) can be described by single-particle dynamics in a repulsive single-particle potential, which in turn gives rise to elliptic flow. These ideas can be tested experimentally by measuring elliptic flow of heavy quarks, preferably via the measurement of J/Psi elliptic flow.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Koch, V (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 759
EP 762
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200165
ER
PT S
AU Ploskon, M
AF Ploskon, Mateusz
BE Marshak, ML
TI Jet quenching at RHIC. What have we learned?
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Jet quenching; heavy-ions; RHIC; full jet reconstruction
AB Partonic energy loss (jet quenching) within the hot and colored medium created in heavy-ion collisions is one of the essential tools to provide quantitative understanding of Quark Gluon Plasma [1]. Measurements of jet quenching via single and di-hadron observables [2] have provided initial estimates of the energy density of the medium. However, these hadron-triggered observables suffer from well-known biases since they fold production cross-sections with the energy loss itself, providing limited information on the initial energy of the propagating jet [3]. Fully reconstructed jets - in terms of energy flow - will allow a complete exploration of fragmentation patterns and will not suffer from geometrical biases, providing deeper understanding of partonic energy loss. We recall the pioneering hadron triggered measurements, summarize their impact and put them in contrast to the recent measurements of fully reconstructed jets in heavy-ions at RHIC.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ploskon, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 779
EP 782
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200170
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, XP
AF Zhang, Xiaoping
CA STAR Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI phi meson production and cold nuclear matter effect in d plus Au
collisions at,root s(NN)=200 GeV in STAR
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE phi meson production; cold nuclear matter effect; d plus Au collisions
ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; D+AU COLLISIONS; HADRON SPECTRA; P+P
AB We report preliminary results of phi-meson transverse momentum distribution in most central 200 GeV d+Au collisions, measured from STAR Experiment at RHIC. For the transverse momentum between 2.5 and 4 GeV/c at mid-rapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar<0.5), the nuclear modification factor of phi-meson produced in most central (0-20%) d+Au collisions seems to follow other mesons. Thus, the phi meson nuclear modification factor confirms the trend observed at mid-p(T) that shows a baryon to meson separation, rather than a hadron mass dependence. The results favor the coalescence as the mechanism for particle production at mid-rapidity and intermediate P-T in most central d+Au 200 GeV collisions.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaoping; STAR Collaboration] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, XP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xpzhangnju@gmail.com
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 783
EP 786
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200171
ER
PT S
AU David, G
AF David, G.
CA PHENIX Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI Direct Photons and Dileptons in PHENIX at RHIC
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Direct photons; relativistic heavy ion collisions
AB Direct photons and dileptons are penetrating probes of relativistic heavy ion collisions. Generated throughout the entire history of the collision and then emerging without further interaction they give insight into basic processes that are otherwise not directly accessible experimentally. One of the main objectives and strengths of the PHENIX experiment at RHIC is the measurement of both types of electromagnetic probes in the same apparatus and in the widest p(T) range in nucleon-nucleon and heavy ion collisions. The experimental results and recent developments of theory started to change our perception of high transverse momentum photons from A+A collisions.
C1 [David, G.; PHENIX Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP David, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 795
EP 798
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200174
ER
PT S
AU Guzey, V
AF Guzey, V.
BE Marshak, ML
TI The Electron-Ion Collider
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Electron-Ion Collider; nuclear parton distributions
AB The future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a proposed new facility to collide high-energy electrons with beams of polarized protons/light nuclei and unpolarized nuclei. We overview the goals of the project and key measurements at the EIC. We also briefly comment on recent developments of the project.
C1 Ctr Theory, Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Guzey, V (reprint author), Ctr Theory, Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
OI Guzey, Vadim/0000-0002-2393-8507
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 803
EP 806
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200176
ER
PT S
AU Lawrence, D
AF Lawrence, D.
CA GlueX Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI The GlueX Detector
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE GlueX; exotics; hybrids; flux tube
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER
AB The GlueX detector is being built along with the new experimental Hall D at Jefferson lab as part of the 12 GeV upgrade project which received CD-3 approval in fall 2008. GlueX is a fixed target experiment built around a 2 Tesla superconducting solenoid having charged particle tracking and calorimetry with large acceptance. A high rate DAQ system consisting of pipeline electronics will allow the detector to operate at high luminosity (10(8) tagged gamma/sec on target). Details on the photon beam and GlueX detector are given including capabilities in resolutions and rates.
C1 [Lawrence, D.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA.
RP Lawrence, D (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 811
EP 815
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200178
ER
PT S
AU Nadel-Turonski, P
Horn, T
Ilieva, Y
Klein, FJ
Paremuzyan, R
Stepanyan, S
AF Nadel-Turonski, P.
Horn, T.
Ilieva, Y.
Klein, F. J.
Paremuzyan, R.
Stepanyan, S.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Timelike Compton Scattering - A First Look
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Timelike Compton; DVCS; GPD
AB A major goal of the 12 GeV upgrade at Jefferson Lab is to map out the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) in the valence region. This is primarily done through Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS), which provides the simplest and cleanest way of accessing the GPDs. However, the "inverse" process, Timelike Compton Scattering (TCS), can provide an important complement, in particular for measuring the real part of the amplitude and understanding corrections at finite Q(2). The first measurements of TCS have recently been carried out in Hall B at Jefferson Lab, using both tagged and untagged photon beams.
C1 [Nadel-Turonski, P.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Horn, T.; Paremuzyan, R.; Stepanyan, S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Ilieva, Y.] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Paremuzyan, R.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
RP Nadel-Turonski, P (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
FU The National Science Foundation [PHY-0652549]
FX This work was in part supported by The National Science Foundation
through grant PHY-0652549.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 843
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3293939
PG 2
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200184
ER
PT S
AU Horn, T
AF Horn, Tanja
BE Marshak, ML
TI Factorization of Short- and Long-range Interactions in Charged Meson
Production
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Meson production; electroproduction reactions; experimental tests
factorization; GPD; electromagnetic form factors
ID ELECTROPRODUCTION
AB Meson production data play an important role in our understanding of nucleon structure. The combination of reaction channels is sensitive to gluon and charge and flavor non-singlet quark densities and has the potential to provide detailed images of the QCD quark structure of the nucleon. Quark imaging requires a good understanding of the reaction mechanism, and in particular rigorous tests of factorization of long- and short-distance physics. The higher energies after the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV upgrade provide ideal conditions for such studies, which are an essential prerequisite for studies of valence quark distributions. An electron-ion collider would allow to extend these studies to detailed imaging of sea quarks and gluons.
C1 TJNAF, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Horn, T (reprint author), TJNAF, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 855
EP 858
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200187
ER
PT S
AU Guzey, V
AF Guzey, V.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Generalized parton distributions of nuclei
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Nuclear GPDs; EMC effect; nuclear shadowing; medium modifications of
bound nucleons
AB We review recent theoretical results on generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of nuclei, emphasizing the following three roles of nuclear GPDs: (i) complementarity to free proton GPDs, (ii) the enhancement of traditional nuclear effects such nuclear binding, EMC effect, nuclear shadowing, and (iii) an access to novel nuclear effects such as medium modifications of bound nucleons.
C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Guzey, V (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
OI Guzey, Vadim/0000-0002-2393-8507
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 872
EP 875
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200191
ER
PT S
AU Tsushima, K
AF Tsushima, K.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Binding of D, (D)over-bar and J/Psi mesons in nuclei
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Meson-nuclear bound state; D, (D)over-bar and J/Psi in nuclei;
Quark-meson coupling model
ID MATTER
AB We estimate the D, (D) over bar and J/Psi meson potentials in nuclei. J/Psi-nuclear potential (self-energy) is calculated based on the color-singlet mechanism, by the DD and DD* meson loops. This consistently includes the in-medium properties of D and D* mesons. The potential obtained for the PT meson is attractive, and it is complementary to the attraction obtained from the color-octet gluon-based mechanism. We predict that the D(-) and J/Psi mesons will be bound in nuclei under proper conditions.
C1 EBAC Theory Ctr, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Tsushima, K (reprint author), EBAC Theory Ctr, Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 886
EP 889
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200194
ER
PT S
AU Burkert, VD
Aznauryan, I
AF Burkert, Volker D.
Aznauryan, Inna
CA CLAS Collaboration
BE Marshak, ML
TI New Results on Nucleon Resonance Transition Form Factors
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Nucleon resonances; pion electroproduction; transition amplitudes; quark
models
ID ELECTROPRODUCTION; MODEL
AB Recent measurements with CLAS at Jefferson Lab of nucleon resonance transition form factors for several lower mass states are discussed.
C1 [Burkert, Volker D.; Aznauryan, Inna] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA.
RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA USA.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 900
EP 904
DI 10.1063/1.3293954
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200197
ER
PT S
AU Young, RD
AF Young, R. D.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Aspects of SU(3) baryon extrapolation
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Lattice QCD; Chiral extrapolation
ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; MASSES; QCD
AB We report on a recent chiral extrapolation, based on an SU(3) framework, of octet baryon masses calculated in 2+1-flavour lattice QCD. Here we further clarify the form of the extrapolation, the estimation of the infinite-volume limit, the extracted low-energy constants and the corrections in the strange-quark mass.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Young, RD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Young, Ross/H-8207-2012
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 905
EP 908
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200198
ER
PT S
AU Lin, HW
AF Lin, Huey-Wen
BE Marshak, ML
TI g(A) and Octet Axial Charges
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE Lattice QCD; axial coupling constants; hyperons; nucleon spin
structures; form factors
ID LATTICE QCD; PHYSICS
AB We review recent progress on lattice calculations of nucleon axial coupling constants, as well as couplings of other octet members. With a combined SU(3) fit to all octet baryons, we find a better determination of g(A) = 1.18(4)(stat)(6)(syst). Our predictions for g(Sigma Sigma) = 0.450(21)(stat)(27)(syst) and g(Xi Xi) = 0.277(15)(stat)(19)(syst) are better determined than previous theoretical estimations. Finally, we describe a preliminary first full-QCD calculation of semileptonic decay quantity (g(1) (0)/f(1) (0))(Sigma -> n) = 0.348(37).
C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Lin, HW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 909
EP 912
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200199
ER
PT S
AU Thomas, AW
AF Thomas, Anthony W.
BE Marshak, ML
TI Overview of Issues Surrounding Strangeness in the Nucleon
SO INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics
CY MAY 26-31, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Phys Journal, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermi Res Associates, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Universities Res Assoc, Univ Minnesota
DE strange quarks; Lamb shift; lattice QCD; parity violating electron
scattering
AB The calculation of the strangeness content of the nucleon and its experimental verification is a fundamental step in establishing non-perturbative QCD as the correct theory describing the structure of hadrons. It holds a role in QCD analogous to the correct calculation of the Lamb shift in QED. We review the latest developments in the vector and scalar matrix elements of the strange quarks in the proton, where there has recently been considerable progress.
C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Thomas, AW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Suite 1,12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0723-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1182
BP 933
EP 936
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BQO88
UT WOS:000281460200205
ER
PT J
AU Lehikoinen, A
Finsterle, S
Voutilainen, A
Kowalsky, MB
Kaipio, JP
AF Lehikoinen, A.
Finsterle, S.
Voutilainen, A.
Kowalsky, M. B.
Kaipio, J. P.
TI Dynamical inversion of geophysical ERT data: state estimation in the
vadose zone
SO INVERSE PROBLEMS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamical inversion; Kalman filter; state estimation
ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY; OPTICAL DIFFUSION TOMOGRAPHY; CURRENT
COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SOIL-WATER CONTENT; APPROXIMATION ERRORS; HYDRAULIC
CONDUCTIVITY; IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY; ELECTRODE MODELS; POROUS-MEDIA;
IDENTIFICATION
AB The imaging of the evolution of conductive fluids in porous media with electrical resistance tomography (ERT) can be considered as a dynamic inverse problem, in which the time-dependent electrical conductivity distribution in the target region is inferred from voltage measurements at electrodes placed in boreholes or on the ground surface. A petrophysical relationship is then used to relate the electrical conductivity to water saturation. We consider a state estimation approach that combines the complete electrode model for simulating ERT measurements and a hydrological evolution model for unsaturated flow. To demonstrate the approach, we consider synthetic measurements from a simulated experiment in which water is injected from a point source into an initially dry soil. The purpose is to carry out a feasible study. In the studied simple cases, the proposed method provides improved estimates of the water saturation distribution compared to the traditional reconstruction approach, which does not employ an evolution model.
C1 [Lehikoinen, A.; Voutilainen, A.; Kaipio, J. P.] Univ Kuopio, Dept Phys, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
[Finsterle, S.; Kowalsky, M. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kaipio, J. P.] Univ Auckland, Dept Math, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Voutilainen, A (reprint author), Univ Kuopio, Dept Phys, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
EM Arto.Voutilainen@uku.fi
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009;
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Kaipio, Jari/0000-0002-7392-5149
FU Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation ( TEKES) [40285/05,
40347/05]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We would like to thank Jim Berryman and Jinsong Chen (LBNL) for their
reviews of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Finnish
Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES), projects 40285/05
and 40347/05, by the Academy of Finland through the Centre of Excellence
in Inverse Problems Research programme and by the US Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 58
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1741-5977
J9 INVERSE PROBL SCI EN
JI Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng.
PY 2009
VL 17
IS 6
BP 715
EP 736
AR PII 908586719
DI 10.1080/17415970802475951
PG 22
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 480SX
UT WOS:000268758200001
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PT
AF Williams, Paul T.
TI Prospective Epidemiological Cohort Study of Reduced Risk for Incident
Cataract with Vigorous Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness
during a 7-Year Follow-up
SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; OPACITIES CASE-CONTROL; AGE-RELATED CATARACT;
C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; BODY-MASS INDEX; LENS OPACITIES;
CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MALE RUNNERS; WEIGHT-LOSS; MEN
AB PURPOSE. To test whether greater vigorous physical activity (kilometers per week run) and greater cardiorespiratory fitness (10-km race performance in meters per second) reduce the incidence of clinically diagnosed cataract.
METHODS. Prospective cohort study of self-reported clinical diagnosis of cataract in nondiabetic, nonvegetarian, and nonsmoking male (n = 29,025) and female runners (n = 11,967).
RESULTS. Incident cataracts were reported by 733 (2.53%) men and 179 (1.50%) women during (mean +/- SE) 7.74 +/- 0.01 and 7.42 +/- 0.02 years of follow-up, respectively. The risk for incident cataract increased with BMI, such that the risk in men > 27.5 kg/m(2) was 88% larger than in men < 20 kg/m(2). Men's cataract risk declined significantly in relation to running distance (P = 0.01), even when adjusted for BMI. Men who ran >= 64 km/wk had 35% lower risk for cataract than those reporting < 16 km/wk (28% lower risk when adjusted for BMI). In addition, men with greater cardiorespiratory fitness were at significantly less risk for development of cataract than were the least fit men. This result was not accounted for by adjustment for running distance or BMI. Compared with the least fit men, those who ran faster than 4.75 m/s had 50% lower risk for incident cataract (43% lower when adjusted for km/wk and BMI).
CONCLUSIONS. These data suggest that the men's cataract risk decreased in association with lower BMI, greater physical activity, and greater cardiorespiratory fitness, the latter being statistically independent of both BMI and physical activity. The study limitations include the absence of confirmation of the clinical diagnosis and the lack of specificity of the type of cataract. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009; 50: 95-100) DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-1797
C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov
FU National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [HL-45652, HL-072110]; National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK-066738];
Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX Supported in part by Grants HL-45652 and HL-072110 from the National
Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Grant DK-066738 from the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The study was
conducted at the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory supported
by Department of Energy Grant DE-AC03-76SF00098 to the University of
California.
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 4
PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA
SN 0146-0404
J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI
JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 50
IS 1
BP 95
EP 100
DI 10.1167/iovs.08-1797
PG 6
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 390YP
UT WOS:000262199900013
PM 18408175
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PT
AF Williams, Paul T.
TI Prospective Study of Incident Age-Related Macular Degeneration in
Relation to Vigorous Physical Activity during a 7-Year Follow-up
SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN;
CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BLUE-MOUNTAINS-EYE; BEAVER DAM EYE; DIETARY-FAT;
MALE RUNNERS; WEIGHT-LOSS; MEN
AB PURPOSE. To test whether the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) decreases with vigorous physical activity.
METHODS. This was a prospective study of self-reported clinically diagnosed macular degeneration in male (n = 29,532) and female (n = 12,176) runners followed prospectively for 7.7 years. Survival analyses of incident AMD versus average running distance (kilometers per day), cardiorespiratory fitness (10-km footrace performance), body mass index (BMI), cigarette use, and diet at baseline.
RESULTS. The 110 men and 42 women reporting incident AMD were older than those unaffected (mean +/- SE: 54.81 +/- 0.97 vs. 44.86 +/- 0.06 years), and the men were significantly more likely to have once smoked cigarettes (50.6 vs. 41.2%, P = 0.04 when adjusted for age). Age- and sex-adjusted AMD risk was greater in the men and women who consumed more meat (3.17 +/- 0.20 vs. 2.55 +/- 0.02 servings/wk) and less fruit (9.41 +/- 0.70 vs. 10.92 +/- 0.05 pieces/wk). The men and women reporting incident AMD ran for exercise significantly less than those who remained unaffected, when adjustment was made for age and sex (4.57 +/- 0.30 vs. 5.34 +/- 0.02 km/d, P <= 0.01). When adjusted for age, sex, diet, and smoking history, the relative risk for AMD decreased 10% per km/d increment in running distance. Moreover, compared with the men and women who averaged less than 2 km/d, those averaging 2 to 4 km/d had 19% lower adjusted risk, and those averaging >= 4 km/d had 42% to 54% lower adjusted AMD risk.
CONCLUSIONS. Higher doses of vigorous exercise (running) are associated with lower incident AMD risk independent of weight, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cigarette use. Limitations of the analyses include the select nature of the sample and reliance on self-report of both running history and clinically diagnosed AMD. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009; 50: 101-106) DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-2165
C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov
FU National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [HL-45652, HL-072110]; National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK-066738];
Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX Supported in part by Grants HL-45652 and HL-072110 from the National
Heart Lung and Blood Institute and by Grant DK-066738 from the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The study was
conducted at the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory supported
by Department of Energy DE-AC03-76SF00098 to the University of
California.
NR 64
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 6
PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA
SN 0146-0404
J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI
JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 50
IS 1
BP 101
EP 106
DI 10.1167/iovs.08-2165
PG 6
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 390YP
UT WOS:000262199900014
PM 18566466
ER
PT S
AU Wang, P
Laskin, J
AF Wang, Peng
Laskin, Julia
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Surface Modification Using Reactive Landing of Mass-Selected Ions
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER SURFACES; SUPPORTED GOLD CLUSTERS; TREATED
METAL-SURFACE; LOW-ENERGY COLLISIONS; THIN-FILM GROWTH; INDUCED
DISSOCIATION; POLYATOMIC IONS; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; PEPTIDE IONS;
COVALENT IMMOBILIZATION
C1 [Laskin, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Wang, Peng; Laskin, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Laskin, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM pengwang77@gmail.com; Julia.Laskin@pnl.gov
OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644
NR 119
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 37
EP 65
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_3
PG 29
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700003
ER
PT S
AU Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, YW
AF Whitlow, Harry J.
Zhang, Yanwen
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Basics of Ion Scattering in Nanoscale Materials
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ANGLE MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; SCREENED COULOMB REGION;
ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS
C1 [Whitlow, Harry J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FIN-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
[Zhang, Yanwen] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Whitlow, HJ (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FIN-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
EM harry.j.whitlow@jyu.fi; Yanwen.zhang@pnl.gov; harry.j.whitlow@jyu.fi
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 69
EP 86
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_4
PG 18
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700004
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, YW
Weber, WJ
AF Zhang, Yanwen
Weber, William J.
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Box 1: Stopping of Ions in Nanomaterials
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; DAMAGE EVOLUTION;
RADIATION; SUBLATTICES; TOLERANCE; NANOTUBES; STRENGTH; OXIDES
C1 [Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhang, YW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov; Bill.Weber@pnl.gov
RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 87
EP 93
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_5
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700005
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, YW
AF Zhang, Yanwen
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Box 3: Ion Ranges
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BINARY-COLLISION APPROXIMATION; SIMULATION; SOLIDS
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhang, YW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Yanwen.zhang@pnl.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 103
EP 105
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_7
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700007
ER
PT S
AU Gao, F
AF Gao, Fei
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Computer Simulation Methods for Defect Configurations and Nanoscale
Structures
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID KINETIC MONTE-CARLO; IRRADIATION-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; VOID LATTICE FORMATION; DISPLACEMENT
CASCADES; DAMAGE ACCUMULATION; AB-INITIO; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE;
ANNEALING SIMULATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-87, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM fei.gao@pnl.gov
NR 79
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 107
EP 127
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_8
PG 21
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700008
ER
PT S
AU Gao, F
AF Gao, Fei
BE Hellborg, R
Whitlow, HJ
Zhang, Y
TI Box 4: Interatomic Potential
SO ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SE Particle Acceleration and Detection
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID METALS
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-87, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM fei.gao@pnl.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1611-1052
BN 978-3-642-00622-7
J9 PART ACCEL DETECT
PY 2009
BP 147
EP 149
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_10
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BMQ88
UT WOS:000273360700010
ER
PT S
AU Wishart, JF
Shkrob, IA
AF Wishart, James F.
Shkrob, Ilya A.
BE Plechkova, NV
Rogers, RD
Seddon, KR
TI The Radiation Chemistry of Ionic Liquids and its Implications for their
Use in Nuclear Fuel Processing
SO IONIC LIQUIDS: FROM KNOWLEDGE TO APPLICATION
SE ACS Symposium Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
ID PICOSECOND PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; METHYLTRIBUTYLAMMONIUM
BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYLSULFONYL)IMIDE; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; REACTION-KINETICS;
METAL-IONS; EXTRACTION; ELECTRON; SOLVENTS; COORDINATION
AB The use of ionic liquids as a medium for the processing of spent nuclear fuel, where their safety and process improvement advantages could be significant, promises to contribute substantially to the development of advanced nuclear fuel cycles to improve the world's energy posture. It is therefore important to study the radiation chemistry of ionic liquids, to determine their radiolytic products and degradation pathways, and to describe how the radiolysis may affect or interfere with separation processes. As it turns out, many of the important features of ionic liquid radiation chemistry can be traced back to unique aspects of their physical chemistry.
C1 [Wishart, James F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Wishart, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013
OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636
NR 62
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 978-0-8412-6997-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
JI ACS Symp. Ser.
PY 2009
VL 1030
BP 119
EP 134
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Applied
SC Chemistry
GA BVL06
UT WOS:000291783000008
ER
PT J
AU Baker, SN
McCarty, TA
Bright, FV
Heller, WT
Baker, GA
AF Baker, Sheila N.
McCarty, Taylor A.
Bright, Frank V.
Heller, William T.
Baker, Gary A.
BE Koel, M
TI Ionic liquid advances in optical, electrochemical, and biochemical
sensor technology
SO IONIC LIQUIDS IN CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SE Analytical Chemistry Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; MODIFIED
ELECTRODE; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITE FILM; NANOTUBES; FLUORESCENCE;
SOLVENTS; BINDER; HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE
C1 [Baker, Sheila N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Baker, Sheila N.] Sci Catalyst Inc, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Baker, Sheila N.; Heller, William T.; Baker, Gary A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Bright, Frank V.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Heller, William T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Baker, SN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016
OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730
NR 63
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-4646-5
J9 ANAL CHEM SER
PY 2009
BP 99
EP 137
PG 39
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BKU29
UT WOS:000269259400005
ER
PT J
AU Luo, HM
Dai, S
AF Luo, Huimin
Dai, Sheng
BE Koel, M
TI Separation of metal ions based on ionic liquids
SO IONIC LIQUIDS IN CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SE Analytical Chemistry Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TEMPERATURE MOLTEN-SALTS; ACIDIC NITRATE MEDIA; CROWN-ETHER COMPLEXES;
SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; MACROCYCLIC POLYETHERS; TANK WASTE; CESIUM;
STRONTIUM; CATIONS; WATER
C1 [Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA.
RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 70
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-4646-5
J9 ANAL CHEM SER
PY 2009
BP 269
EP 294
PG 26
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BKU29
UT WOS:000269259400012
ER
PT J
AU Keles, G
O'Kiely, P
Lenehan, JJ
Forristal, PD
AF Keles, G.
O'Kiely, P.
Lenehan, J. J.
Forristal, P. D.
TI Conservation characteristics of baled grass silages differing in
duration of wilting, bale density and number of layers of plastic
stretch-film
SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE bale density; baled silage; conservation characteristics; stretch-film;
wilting
ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; FARMS
AB The effects of duration of wilting, bale density and number of layers of plastic stretch-film used to wrap bales on the conservation characteristics of baled grass silage was investigated. Grass from the primary growth of a Lolium perenne dominant sward was wilted for 24,48 or 72 h. For each duration of wilting, 54 cylindrical bales (1.2 m nominal diameter) were made with the baler at a high or low density setting for alternate bales. Bales were wrapped with 2, 4 or 6 layers of plastic stretch-film and stored outdoors for 295 days. Two layers of plastic stretch-film resulted in inferior preservation, lower digestibility and extensive mould growth and deteriorated silage. Substantial improvement occurred to each of these characteristics from applying four layers of stretch-film (P<0.05), while six layers of stretch-film brought little further improvement. When four or six layers of stretch-film were used, extensive wilting restricted fermentation and improved the standard of preservation with the apparently difficult-to-preserve herbage used in this experiment. However, under the anaerobic conditions provided by four or six layers of stretch-film neither progressive wilting nor bale density had a major effect on digestibility, or the extent of surface mould growth or deteriorated silage. It can be concluded that a minimum of four layers of conventional black plastic stretch-film were required to achieve suitably anaerobic conditions, and that the additional benefits from six layers were small. Once anaerobic conditions were achieved, extensive wilting improved the conservation characteristics of baled grass silage made from a difficult-to-preserve crop, whereas bale density had little impact.
C1 [Keles, G.; O'Kiely, P.; Lenehan, J. J.] TEAGASC, Grange Beef Res Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland.
[Forristal, P. D.] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland.
RP O'Kiely, P (reprint author), TEAGASC, Grange Beef Res Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland.
EM padraig.okiely@teagasc.ie
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 6
PU TEAGASC
PI CARLOW
PA OAK PARK, CARLOW 00000, IRELAND
SN 0791-6833
J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES
JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res.
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 1
BP 21
EP 34
PG 14
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 533JJ
UT WOS:000272819500002
ER
PT J
AU Gilliland, TJ
McGilloway, D
Conaghan, P
AF Gilliland, T. J.
McGilloway, D.
Conaghan, P.
TI Influence of testing procedure on evaluation of white clover (Trifolium
repens L.)
SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE cutting; grazing; persistency; white clover; yield
ID VARIETIES
AB This study examined data sets derived from the white clover cultivar evaluation programmes of AFBI (N. Ireland), and DAFF (Republic of Ireland) to determine whether elite performing genotypes are identifiable, independent of test procedure and leaf size factors. Genetic variation in yield and persistency, independent of the leaf size continuum effect, was observed. Identification of elite cultivars by breeders or testers therefore required readjustment of assessment standards to account for the mostly curvilinear relationships between performance and leaf size. The different testing procedures, involving cutting or grazing at different heights, frequencies and nitrogen rates changed the relative performances between the cultivars, making it difficult to predict performance potential beyond specific test conditions. The underlying causes for these changes in rankings was considered, including sensitivity to season and location, the antagonistic affects of defoliation pressure and companion grass competition, the independence of different seasonal profiles and the probable role of other morphological characteristics. In is concluded that testing authorities must calculate the management by leaf size relationships to adjust pass/fail standards if elite performing cultivars are to be correctly indentified.
C1 [Gilliland, T. J.] Agrifood & Biosci Inst, Crossnacreevy, Co Down, North Ireland.
[McGilloway, D.] Dept Agr Fisheries & Food, Crop Variety Evaluat Div, Backweston, Kildare, Ireland.
[Conaghan, P.] TEAGASC, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland.
RP Gilliland, TJ (reprint author), Agrifood & Biosci Inst, Crossnacreevy, Co Down, North Ireland.
EM Trevor.Gilliland@afbini.gov.uk
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU TEAGASC
PI CARLOW
PA OAK PARK, CARLOW 00000, IRELAND
SN 0791-6833
J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES
JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res.
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 2
BP 227
EP 242
PG 16
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 632LT
UT WOS:000280426900007
ER
PT J
AU Kikuchi, N
Nabeshima, S
Kishimoto, Y
Ishiguro, Y
Sridhar, S
AF Kikuchi, Naoki
Nabeshima, Seiji
Kishimoto, Yasuo
Ishiguro, Yasuhide
Sridhar, Seetharaman
TI Micro-structure Refinement in Low Carbon High Manganese Steels through
Ti-deoxidation: Austenite Grain Growth and Decomposition
SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Cutting Edge of Studies in Inclusions and Precipitates
Behavior Related to Microstructure Control
CY SEP, 2008
CL Kumamoto, JAPAN
DE low-carbon steel; de-oxidation; aluminum; titanium; inclusion;
solidification microstructure; confocal-laser-scanning-microscopy; phase
transformation; grain growth
ID SOLIDIFICATION MICROSTRUCTURE; INCLUSION PARTICLES; PRECIPITATION
AB This paper investigates the effect of de-oxidation inclusions on micro-structure evolution in low-carbon steels. Low carbon (0.07wt%), high Mn (0.9wt%) steel in a Al(2)O(3) or MgO crucible was deoxidized by adding either aluminum (0.05wt%) or titanium (0.05, 0.03 or 0.015wt%) in a 400g-scale vacuum furnace, and cast in a Cu mold at cooling rates between 2.0-6.0 K/s. These cast samples were re-melted and cooled at various cooling rate, 1 through 100 K/s in the hot-stage of a conforcal laser scanning microscope (CSLM) in order to investigate the effect of cooling rate.
Oxide inclusion sizes in all the Ti-killed steels were smaller and inclusion densities higher than those in the Al-killed steel. In Ti-killed steel, inclusion size and densities increased with increasing the oxygen content, inclusion size decreased and their densities increased with increasing the cooling rate.
A Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope (CSLM) was used to study the differences in solid state microstructural evolution between the Ti-killed and the Al-killed samples. The growth of austenite grains were studied under isothermal conditions and it was found that both grain-boundary mobility and final grain size were lower in the Ti-killed sample than for the others. With regards to austenite decomposition, during continuous cooling from a comparable austenite grain structure, the resulting austenite decomposition structure was finer for the Ti-killed sample due to a higher Widmanstatten lath density due to precipitation at. The inclusion size was found to have a significant effect on both austenite grain size and austenite decomposition structure. Different orientations of ferrite precipitates originating at inclusions were observed in the Ti-killed samples. The highest lath concentration was obtained for the sample that had the smallest average inclusion size rather than the sample with highest density of sub micro-meter inclusions.
C1 [Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN
PI TOKYO
PA NIIKURA BLDG 2F, 2 KANDA-TSUKASACHO 2-CHOME, TOKYO, CHIYODA-KU 101-0048,
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 7
BP 1036
EP 1045
PG 10
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 475LW
UT WOS:000268361800015
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, CC
Wu, WM
Gentry, TJ
Carley, J
Corbin, GA
Carroll, SL
Watson, DB
Jardine, PM
Zhou, JZ
Criddle, CS
Fields, MW
AF Hwang, Chiachi
Wu, Weimin
Gentry, Terry J.
Carley, Jack
Corbin, Gail A.
Carroll, Sue L.
Watson, David B.
Jardine, Phil M.
Zhou, Jizhong
Criddle, Craig S.
Fields, Matthew W.
TI Bacterial community succession during in situ uranium bioremediation:
spatial similarities along controlled flow paths
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial community dynamics; uranium bioreduction; uranium-reducing
populations
ID CONTAMINATED SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS;
ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SUBMICROMOLAR LEVELS; MILL
TAILINGS; FIELD-SCALE; 16S RDNA; DIVERSITY; REDUCTION
AB Bacterial community succession was investigated in a field-scale subsurface reactor formed by a series of wells that received weekly ethanol additions to re-circulating groundwater. Ethanol additions stimulated denitrification, metal reduction, sulfate reduction and U(VI) reduction to sparingly soluble U(IV). Clone libraries of SSU rRNA gene sequences from groundwater samples enabled tracking of spatial and temporal changes over a 1.5-year period. Analyses showed that the communities changed in a manner consistent with geochemical variations that occurred along temporal and spatial scales. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that the levels of nitrate, uranium, sulfide, sulfate and ethanol were strongly correlated with particular bacterial populations. As sulfate and U(VI) levels declined, sequences representative of sulfate reducers and metal reducers were detected at high levels. Ultimately, sequences associated with sulfate-reducing populations predominated, and sulfate levels declined as U(VI) remained at low levels. When engineering controls were compared with the population variation through canonical ordination, changes could be related to dissolved oxygen control and ethanol addition. The data also indicated that the indigenous populations responded differently to stimulation for bioreduction; however, the two biostimulated communities became more similar after different transitions in an idiosyncratic manner. The strong associations between particular environmental variables and certain populations provide insight into the establishment of practical and successful remediation strategies in radionuclide-contaminated environments with respect to engineering controls and microbial ecology.
C1 [Fields, Matthew W.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Dept Microbiol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Hwang, Chiachi; Corbin, Gail A.] Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Wu, Weimin; Criddle, Craig S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Gentry, Terry J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
[Carley, Jack; Carroll, Sue L.; Watson, David B.; Jardine, Phil M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Fields, MW (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Dept Microbiol, 366 EPS Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM matthew.fields@erc.montana.edu
RI Guan, Xiaokang/A-6675-2012; Watson, David/C-3256-2016
OI Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136
FU US Department of Energy; Office of Biological and Environmental
Research; Genomics: GTL program between Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF-MRI
[NSF 0420479]; [DOEAC05-00OR22725]
FX We thank Dr A Konopka for comments and discussions and Dr MB Leigh for
comparison with unpublished data. We also thank the comments of the
anonymous reviewers. This study and the Virtual Institute for Microbial
Stress and Survival are supported by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics: GTL program through
contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
and the US Department of Energy. Partial funding was also provided under
grant DOEAC05-00OR22725. Sequence determination was enhanced through an
NSF-MRI equipment grant to Miami University (NSF 0420479).
NR 66
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 4
U2 22
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1751-7362
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 1
BP 47
EP 64
DI 10.1038/ismej.2008.77
PG 18
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 392IW
UT WOS:000262297400005
PM 18769457
ER
PT J
AU Sowell, SM
Wilhelm, LJ
Norbeck, AD
Lipton, MS
Nicora, CD
Barofsky, DF
Carlson, CA
Smith, RD
Giovanonni, SJ
AF Sowell, Sarah M.
Wilhelm, Larry J.
Norbeck, Angela D.
Lipton, Mary S.
Nicora, Carrie D.
Barofsky, Douglas F.
Carlson, Craig A.
Smith, Richard D.
Giovanonni, Stephen J.
TI Transport functions dominate the SAR11 metaproteome at low-nutrient
extremes in the Sargasso Sea
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE metaproteomics; oligotrophy; SAR11; Sargasso Sea; transport
ID ATLANTIC TIME-SERIES; SYNECHOCOCCUS SP PCC7942; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
COMMUNITY PROTEOMICS; INORGANIC CARBON; SINGLE CELLS; BACTERIOPLANKTON;
BACTERIA; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN
AB The northwestern Sargasso Sea undergoes annual cycles of productivity with increased production in spring corresponding to periods of upwelling, and oligotrophy in summer and autumn, when the water column becomes highly stratified. The biological productivity of this region is reduced during stratified periods as a result of low concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in the euphotic zone. To better understand the mechanisms of microbial survival in this oligotrophic environment, we used capillary liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry to detect microbial proteins in surface samples collected in September 2005. A total of 2215 peptides that mapped to 236 SAR11 proteins, 1911 peptides that mapped to 402 Prochlorococcus proteins and 2407 peptides that mapped to 404 Synechococcus proteins were detected. Mass spectra from SAR11 periplasmic substrate-binding proteins accounted for a disproportionately large fraction of the peptides detected, consistent with observations that these extremely small cells devote a large proportion of their volume to periplasm. Abundances were highest for periplasmic substrate-binding proteins for phosphate, amino acids, phosphonate, sugars and spermidine. Proteins implicated in the prevention of oxidative damage and protein refolding were also abundant. Our findings support the view that competition for multiple nutrients in oligotrophic systems is extreme, but nutrient flux is sufficient to sustain microbial community activity.
C1 [Sowell, Sarah M.] Oregon State Univ, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Norbeck, Angela D.; Lipton, Mary S.; Nicora, Carrie D.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Barofsky, Douglas F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Carlson, Craig A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Wilhelm, Larry J.; Giovanonni, Stephen J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Giovanonni, SJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 220 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM steve.giovannoni@oregonstate.edu
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; US Department of Energy (DOE) Office
of Biological and Environmental Research
FX We thank the scientists and staff of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series
Study Site for their assistance and support; specifically, the crew of
the Weatherbird II for their help in sample collection and Rachel
Parsons for her technical and administrative assistance. We also thank
Dr Allen Milligan for sharing his expertize. This work was supported by
a Marine Microbiology Initiative Investigator Award from the Gordon and
Betty Moore Foundation. Portions of this research were also supported by
the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and performed at the Environmental Molecular Science
Laboratory, a DOE national scientific user facility located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 68
TC 127
Z9 128
U1 4
U2 33
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1751-7362
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 1
BP 93
EP 105
DI 10.1038/ismej.2008.83
PG 13
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 392IW
UT WOS:000262297400008
PM 18769456
ER
PT B
AU Li, JT
Ma, XS
Singh, K
Schulz, M
de Supinski, BR
Mckee, SA
AF Li, Jiangtian
Ma, Xiaosong
Singh, Karan
Schulz, Martin
de Supinski, Bronis R.
McKee, Sally A.
GP IEEE Comp Soc
TI Machine Learning Based Online Performance Prediction for Runtime
Parallelization and Task Scheduling
SO ISPASS 2009: IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE
SE IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and
Software-ISPASS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and
Software
CY APR 26-28, 2009
CL Boston, MA
SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc
DE Performance Prediction; Artificial Neural Networks; Automatic Task
Scheduling; Scripting Languages
AB With the emerging many-core paradigm, parallel programming must extend beyond its traditional realm of scientific applications. Converting existing sequential applications as well as developing next-generation software requires assistance from hardware, compilers and runtime systems to exploit parallelism transparently within applications. These systems must decompose applications into tasks that can be executed in parallel and then schedule those tasks to minimize load imbalance. However, many systems lack a priori knowledge about the execution time of all tasks to perform effective load balancing with low scheduling overhead.
In this paper, we approach this fundamental problem using machine learning techniques first to generate performance models for all tasks and then applying those models to perform automatic performance prediction across program executions. We also extend an existing scheduling algorithm to use generated task cost estimates for online task partitioning and scheduling. We implement the above techniques in the pR framework, which transparently parallelizes scripts in the popular R language, and evaluate their performance and overhead with both a real-world application and a large number of synthetic representative test scripts. Our experimental results show that our proposed approach significantly improves task partitioning and scheduling, with maximum improvements of 21.8%, 40.3% and 22.1% and average improvements of 15.9%, 16.9% and 4.2% for LMM (a real R application) and synthetic test cases with independent and dependent tasks, respectively.
C1 [Li, Jiangtian; Ma, Xiaosong] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
[Ma, Xiaosong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Singh, Karan] Cornell Univ, Comp Syst Lab, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Schulz, Martin; de Supinski, Bronis R.] Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[McKee, Sally A.] Chalmers, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Li, JT (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
EM jli3@ncsu.edu; ma@csc.ncsu.edu; karan@csl.cornell.edu; schulzm@llnl.gov;
bronis@cs.umn.edu; mckee@chalmers.se
FU DOE ECPI [DE-FG02-05ER25685]; NSF CAREER [CNS-0546301]; Xiaosong Ma's
joint appointment between NCSU and ORNL; U.S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE- AC52-07NA27344]; NSF CPA
[E70-8321]
FX The research at NCSU was sponsored in part by a DOE ECPI Award
(DE-FG02-05ER25685), an NSF CAREER Award (CNS-0546301), and Xiaosong Mas
joint appointment between NCSU and ORNL. Also this work was performed in
part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE- AC52-07NA27344
(LLNL-CONF-407723) and under NSF CPA award E70-8321.
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA
BN 978-1-4244-4184-6
J9 INT SYM PERFORM ANAL
PY 2009
BP 89
EP +
DI 10.1109/IFITA.2009.493
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA BQC53
UT WOS:000280690100009
ER
PT B
AU Paul, S
Garg, R
Khatri, SP
Vaidya, S
AF Paul, Suganth
Garg, Rajesh
Khatri, Sunil P.
Vaidya, Sheila
GP IEEE
TI Design and Implementation of a Sub-threshold BFSK Transmitter
SO ISQED 2009: PROCEEDINGS 10TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON QUALITY
ELECTRONIC DESIGN, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design
CY MAR 16-18, 2009
CL San Jose, CA
DE Sub-threshold Design; Low Power; BFSK; Adaptive Body Biasing
AB Power Consumption in VLSI circuits is currently a major issue in the semiconductor industry. Power is a first order design constraint in many applications. However, a growing class of applications need extreme low power but do not need high speed. Sub-threshold circuit design can be used for these applications. Unfortunately, sub-threshold circuits exhibit an exponential sensitivity to process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. In this paper we implement and test a robust subthreshold design flow which uses circuit level PVT compensation to stabilize circuit performance. We design and fabricate a subthreshold BFSK transmitter chip. The transmitter is specified to transmit baseband signals up to a data rate of 32kbps. Experiments using the fabricated die, verify the functionality of the design show that the sub-threshold circuit consumes 19.4x lower power than the traditional standard cell based implementation on the same die.
C1 [Paul, Suganth] Intel Corp, Austin, TX 78746 USA.
[Garg, Rajesh; Khatri, Sunil P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep ECE, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Vaidya, Sheila] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Paul, S (reprint author), Intel Corp, Austin, TX 78746 USA.
EM suganth.paul@intel.com; rajeshgarg@tamu.edu; sunilkhatri@tamu.edu;
vaidya1@llnl.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-2952-3
PY 2009
BP 664
EP +
DI 10.1109/ISQED.2009.4810373
PG 2
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA BKP16
UT WOS:000268848600113
ER
PT J
AU Bondar, AN
Smith, JC
AF Bondar, Ana-Nicoleta
Smith, Jeremy C.
TI Water Molecules in Short- and Long-Distance Proton Transfer Steps of
Bacteriorhodopsin Proton Pumping
SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE NMR; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; SCHIFF-BASE; L-INTERMEDIATE;
EXTRACELLULAR SURFACE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS;
ENERGY-STORAGE; IR-SPECTRA; KEY ROLE
AB The proton pumping cycle of bacteriorhodopsin consists of five consecutive proton transfer steps, in all of which water molecules are likely to play critical roles. Here we review the role of water molecules in bacteriorhodopsin function, with emphasis oil computations of the retinal Schiff base deprotonation reaction and the open questions regarding the participation of water molecules in the longer-distance proton transfer reactions.
C1 [Bondar, Ana-Nicoleta] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Bondar, Ana-Nicoleta] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Ctr Biomembrane Syst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Smith, Jeremy C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Smith, Jeremy C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Bondar, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Med Sci 1,D374, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM nicoleta.bondar@uci.edu; smithjc@ornl.gov
RI smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012
OI smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227
NR 68
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SCIENCE FROM ISRAEL-DIVISION OF LASER PAGES PUBL LTD
PI JERUSALEM
PA PO BOX 34299, JERUSALEM 91341, ISRAEL
SN 0021-2148
J9 ISR J CHEM
JI Isr. J. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 2
BP 155
EP 161
DI 10.1560/IJC.49.2.155
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 507VQ
UT WOS:000270883700004
ER
PT B
AU Tangyunyong, P
McFarland, R
Flores, RS
Pearson, S
Sanchez, MO
AF Tangyunyong, Paiboon
McFarland, Rick
Flores, Richard S.
Pearson, Sean
Sanchez, Marco O.
GP ASM International
TI Pseudo-Soft Defect Localization
SO ISTFA 2009
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis
CY NOV 15-19, 2009
CL San Jose, CA
SP Elect Device Failure Anal Soc, ASM Int
AB In this paper, we describe a modified soft defect localization (SDL) technique, PSDL (pseudo-soft defect localization), to localize pseudo-soft defects in integrated circuits (ICs). Similar to soft defects, functional failures due to pseudo-soft defects are sensitive to operating parameters (such as voltages, frequencies and temperatures) and/or laser exposures. Pass/fail states in pseudo soft defect failures are, however, not fully reversible after laser exposure or after changing operating parameters. PSDL uses the methodology of conventional SDL and/or TIVA in combination with a new scanning scheme for defect localization. An example will be shown to demonstrate the use of this technique to localize pseudo-soft defects
C1 [Tangyunyong, Paiboon; McFarland, Rick; Flores, Richard S.; Pearson, Sean; Sanchez, Marco O.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Tangyunyong, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM ptangyu@sandia.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA
BN 978-1-61503-008-8
PY 2009
BP 38
EP 42
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA BRD98
UT WOS:000282455300007
ER
PT B
AU Granata, JE
Collins, E
Mundt, M
Sorensen, NR
Quintana, MA
AF Granata, Jennifer E.
Collins, Elmer
Mundt, Mike
Sorensen, N. Robert
Quintana, Michael A.
GP ASM International
TI Approaches to Photovoltaic Systems Reliability
SO ISTFA 2009
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis
CY NOV 15-19, 2009
CL San Jose, CA
SP Elect Device Failure Anal Soc, ASM Int
C1 [Granata, Jennifer E.; Collins, Elmer; Mundt, Mike; Sorensen, N. Robert; Quintana, Michael A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Granata, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM jegrana@sandia.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA
BN 978-1-61503-008-8
PY 2009
BP 166
EP 170
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA BRD98
UT WOS:000282455300029
ER
PT B
AU Chute, R
Dresher, S
Balakireva, L
Van de Sompel, H
AF Chute, Ryan
Dresher, Stephan
Balakireva, Luda
Van de Sompel, Herbert
GP ACM
TI An Interoperability Service Framework for High-resolution Image
Applications
SO JCDL 09: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2009 ACM/IEEE JOINT CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL
LIBRARIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual International ACM/IEEE Joint Conferene on Digital Libraries
CY JUN 15-19, 2009
CL Austin, TX
SP ACM SIGWEB, ACM Speial Intrest Grp Informat Retrieval, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE
DE Digital libraries; architecture; standards; interoperability; digital
imaging; JPEG 2000; JSON; OAI-ORE; OpenURL
AB This poster presents a prototype architecture and potential use-cases for a standards-based service framework to simplify development of high-resolution image viewing clients.
C1 [Chute, Ryan; Dresher, Stephan; Balakireva, Luda; Van de Sompel, Herbert] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Digital Lib Res & Prototyping Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chute, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Digital Lib Res & Prototyping Team, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM rchute@lanl.gov; stephand@lanl.gov; lbalakireva@lanl.gov;
herbertv@lanl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA
BN 978-1-60558-697-7
PY 2009
BP 375
EP 375
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
Systems
SC Computer Science
GA BWY55
UT WOS:000295296700057
ER
PT J
AU Dillard, DA
Singh, HK
Pohlit, DJ
Starbuck, JM
AF Dillard, David A.
Singh, Hitendra K.
Pohlit, David J.
Starbuck, J. Michael
TI Observations of Decreased Fracture Toughness for Mixed Mode Fracture
Testing of Adhesively Bonded Joints
SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixed mode fracture; adhesive bonds; crack path selection; fracture
envelopes
ID CRACK PATH SELECTION; ENERGY-RELEASE RATES; LAP-SHEAR SPECIMEN;
INTERFACIAL FRACTURE; GLASS/EPOXY INTERFACE; BRITTLE-FRACTURE; T-STRESS;
DELAMINATION; MECHANISMS; PROPAGATION
AB In contrast to fracture in monolithic materials, where cracks naturally grow in a mode I manner, fracture in laminated or adhesively bonded joints often involves cracks growing under mixed mode conditions. In many cases, the mixed mode fracture energy increases as the fracture mode changes from mode I to mode II, but exceptions have been noted for several practical engineering adhesives. In some cases, G(IIc) may be less than G(Ic), while in other situations, failure may occur at total energy release rate (G(T) = G(I) + G(II)) values that are smaller than either of the pure mode fracture energies. Several examples of this behavior are reported along with possible explanations for the behavior, which often involves the propagation of the growing debond into regions where less energy is dissipated by the fracture process. These examples showing that mixed mode fracture energies of adhesive joints may be lower than pure mode fracture energies remind us of the importance of developing fracture envelopes over a wide range of mode mixities for engineering design. (c) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2009
C1 [Dillard, David A.; Singh, Hitendra K.; Pohlit, David J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Starbuck, J. Michael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Polymer Matrix Composites Grp, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Dillard, DA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM dillard@vt.edu
RI Dillard, David/C-3185-2012; Starbuck, James/E-1442-2017
OI Dillard, David/0000-0002-2903-9318; Starbuck, James/0000-0002-3814-9156
FU National Science Foundation [DMR NSF 0415840]; Department of Energy
[DE-FC05-95OR22363]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the National
Science Foundation (DMR NSF 0415840) in the development of a dual
actuator load frame capable of facilitating mixed mode fracture studies.
The support of the Automotive Composites Consortium Energy Management
Group is also acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge that a portion
of this research is supported, in part, by the Department of Energy
cooperative agreement number DE-FC05-95OR22363. Such support does not
constitute an endorsement by the Department of Energy of the views
expressed herein.
NR 60
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 13
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4243
J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL
JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol.
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 10-11
BP 1515
EP 1530
DI 10.1163/156856109X452701
PG 16
WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 514SE
UT WOS:000271415100013
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CM
Leung, LR
Gochis, D
Qian, Y
Lettenmaier, DP
AF Zhu, Chunmei
Leung, L. Ruby
Gochis, David
Qian, Yun
Lettenmaier, Dennis P.
TI Evaluating the Influence of Antecedent Soil Moisture on Variability of
the North American Monsoon Precipitation in the Coupled MM5/VIC Modeling
System
SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
AB The influence of antecedent soil moisture on North American monsoon system (NAMS) precipitation variability was explored using the MM5 mesoscale model coupled with the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) land surface model. Sensitivity experiments were performed with extreme wet and dry initial soil moisture conditions for both the 1984 wet monsoon year and the 1989 dry year. The MM5-VIC model reproduced the key features of NAMS in 1984 and 1989 especially over northwestern Mexico. Our modeling results indicate that the land surface has memory of the initial soil wetness prescribed at the onset of the monsoon that persists over most of the region well into the monsoon season ( e. g. until August). However, in contrast to the classical thermal contrast concept, where wetter soils lead to cooler surface temperatures, less land-sea thermal contrast, weaker monsoon circulations and less precipitation, the coupled model consistently demonstrated a positive soil moisture - precipitation feedback. Specifically, anomalously wet pre-monsoon soil moisture always lead to enhanced monsoon precipitation, and the reverse was also true. Both the large-scale circulation change and local land-atmospheric interactions in response to pre-monsoon soil moisture anomalies play important roles in the coupled model's positive soil moisture - monsoon precipitation feedback. However, the former may be sensitive to the strength and location of the thermal anomalies, thus leaving open the possibility of both positive and negative soil moisture - precipitation feedbacks. Furthermore, our use of a regional model with prescribed large-scale circulation at the model boundaries leaves open the possibility that the model behavior may, to some extent, reflect its limited ability to adjust its large-scale circulation to the regional thermal changes.
C1 [Zhu, Chunmei; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Leung, L. Ruby; Qian, Yun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Gochis, David] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Zhu, CM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM chunmei@hydro.washington.edu
RI qian, yun/E-1845-2011; lettenmaier, dennis/F-8780-2011
OI lettenmaier, dennis/0000-0003-3317-1327
FU NOAA Climate Program Office [NA030AR4310062]; University of Washington
FX This publication was funded by the NOAA Climate Program Office under
Cooperative Agreement No. NA030AR4310062 with the University of
Washington.
NR 61
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1942-2466
J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY
JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst.
PY 2009
VL 1
AR 13
DI 10.3894/JAMES.2009.1.13
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V22UF
UT WOS:000208299400013
ER
PT J
AU Schilling, GD
Shelley, JT
Broekaert, JAC
Sperline, RP
Denton, MB
Barinaga, CJ
Koppenaal, DW
Hieftje, GM
AF Schilling, Gregory D.
Shelley, Jacob T.
Broekaert, Jose A. C.
Sperline, Roger P.
Denton, M. Bonner
Barinaga, Charles J.
Koppenaal, David W.
Hieftje, Gary M.
TI Use of an ambient ionization flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow
source for elemental analysis through hydride generation
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DESORPTION-ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; GEOMETRY
MASS SPECTROGRAPH; GLOW-DISCHARGE; REAL-TIME; SPECTROMETRY; HYDROGEN;
WATER; AIR
AB An ambient mass spectrometry ionization source based on an atmospheric-pressure flowing afterglow has been coupled to a Mattauch-Herzog mass spectrograph capable of simultaneous acquisition of a range of mass-to-charge values by means of a Faraday-strip array detector. The flowing afterglow was used as the ionization pathway for species produced by hydride generation. This ionization strategy circumvents problems, such as discharge instabilities or memory effects, induced by introducing the gaseous sample into the discharge. The generated spectra show both atomic and molecular peaks; calibration curves were calculated for both peak types with limits of detection for arsenic below 10 ppb. This study demonstrates the ability to use an ambient mass spectrometry source, commonly used for molecular analyses, for the detection of gas phase elemental species with the possibilty of performing speciation by coupling with a separation technique.
C1 [Schilling, Gregory D.; Shelley, Jacob T.; Hieftje, Gary M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Broekaert, Jose A. C.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Anorgan & Angew Chem, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
[Sperline, Roger P.; Denton, M. Bonner] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Barinaga, Charles J.; Koppenaal, David W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hieftje, GM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM hieftje@indiana.edu
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO-1830]; Office of
Nonproliferation Research and Engineering
FX Support for this work was provided by the U. S. Department of Energy,
Office of Nonproliferation Research and Engineering. Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the
Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830. Jose A. C.
Broekaert would like to thank the DFG for travel funds. The authors
would also like to thank LECO Corporation for the loan of the Unique( R)
TOFMS instrument.
NR 36
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 1
BP 34
EP 40
DI 10.1039/b811250a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 405ZW
UT WOS:000263264100003
ER
PT J
AU Quetel, CR
Ponzevera, E
Rodushkin, I
Gerdes, A
Williams, R
Woodhead, J
AF Quetel, Christophe R.
Ponzevera, Emmanuel
Rodushkin, Ilia
Gerdes, Axel
Williams, Ross
Woodhead, Jon
TI Measuring 0.01 parts per thousand to 0.1 parts per thousand isotopic
variations by MC-ICPMS-testing limits for the first time with Pb
delta-iCRMs
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS BIAS CORRECTION; RATIO MEASUREMENTS; MS; ZN; SPECTROMETRY;
ACCURATE; ZINC; DISCRIMINATION; FRACTIONATION; SYSTEM
AB A blind comparison on Pb-isotope delta-scale measurements by MC-ICPMS of 0.01 parts per thousand to 0.1 parts per thousand level was organised, involving five laboratories. Test samples were obtained from the series of candidate ERM-3810 delta-isotopic Certified Reference Materials (delta-iCRMs), and comprise four pairs of a material with similar to natural Pb-isotopic composition ('delta zero' or 'delta-0') and the same natural Pb progressively enriched in (207)Pb (with delta(207)Pb values certified to similar to 0.1% relative uncertainty, k = 2). Participants were free to apply the measurement strategy of their choice. A result was considered 'acceptable' only when, simultaneously, there was agreement within stated uncertainties with the corresponding reference value and the relative uncertainty stated by the participant was < 100%. This study illustrates the high degree of difficulty inherent to these delta-scale measurements by 'routine' MC-ICPMS methodologies (in this case, three participants reported 55% of their results which were deemed accurate, and the other two reported none). The closer to unity the isotope ratio value the better the results became ('acceptable' results mostly for delta 7/6 parts per thousand and delta 7/8 parts per thousand measurements). This first experiment of its kind demonstrates that Pb delta-scale isotopic measurements by MC-ICPMS can be reliably carried out down to 0.05 parts per thousand levels (two participants delivered accurate results above this threshold systematically for delta/6 parts per thousand, delta 7/8 parts per thousand and delta 7/4 parts per thousand). Below this limit, at similar to 0.01 parts per thousand and similar to 0.03 parts per thousand levels, results are no longer consistent or reproducible and appear to be susceptible to a number of effects introducing error (such as short term changes in mass discrimination) which are either not well understood, or not controlled and/or not corrected for at a sufficiently low level of uncertainty. These results also suggest that 'routine' methods for absolute (calibrated) Pb-isotope ratio determination by MC-ICPMS produce relative combined uncertainties on results which are unlikely to be better than 0.05 parts per thousand (k = 2).
C1 [Quetel, Christophe R.; Ponzevera, Emmanuel] EC JRC IRMM, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
[Ponzevera, Emmanuel] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
[Rodushkin, Ilia] ALS Scandinavia, S-97775 Lulea, Sweden.
[Gerdes, Axel] Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Williams, Ross] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Woodhead, Jon] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
RP Quetel, CR (reprint author), EC JRC IRMM, Retieseweg 111, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
EM Christophe.Quetel@ec.europa.eu
RI Gerdes, Axel/B-6096-2008; Woodhead, Jon/C-2227-2012;
OI Woodhead, Jon/0000-0002-7614-0136
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 4
BP 407
EP 412
DI 10.1039/b821403b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 423VM
UT WOS:000264523800006
ER
PT J
AU Colvin, JD
Jankowski, AF
Kumar, M
MoberlyChan, WJ
Reed, BW
Paisley, DL
Tierney, TE
AF Colvin, Jeffrey D.
Jankowski, Alan F.
Kumar, Mukul
MoberlyChan, Warren J.
Reed, Bryan W.
Paisley, Dennis L.
Tierney, Thomas E.
TI Role of spall in microstructure evolution during laser-shock-driven
rapid undercooling and resolidification
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We previously reported [Colvin et al., J. Appl. Phys. 101, 084906 (2007)] on the microstructure morphology of pure Bi metal subjected to rapid laser-shock-driven melting and subsequent resolidification upon release of pressure, where the estimated effective undercooling rates were of the order of 10(9)-10(10) K/s. More recently, we repeated these experiments, but with a Bi/Zn alloy (Zn atomic fraction of 2%-4%) instead of elemental Bi and with a change in target design to suppress spall in the Bi/Zn samples. We observed a similar microstructure morphology in the two sets of experiments, with initially columnar grains recrystallizing to larger equiaxed grains. The Bi samples, however, exhibited micron-scale dendrites on the spall surfaces, whereas there were no dendritic structures anywhere in the nonspalled Bi/Zn, even down to the nanometer scale as observed by transmission electron microscopy. We present the simulations and the interferometry data that show that the samples in the two sets of experiments followed nearly identical hydrodynamic and thermodynamic paths apart from the presence of (probably partially liquid) spall in pure Bi. Simulations also show that the spall occurs right at the moving phase front and, hence, the spall itself cuts off the principal direction for latent heat dissipation across the phase boundary. We suggest that it is the liquid spall itself that creates the conditions for dendrite formation. c 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3054179]
C1 [Colvin, Jeffrey D.; Jankowski, Alan F.; Kumar, Mukul; MoberlyChan, Warren J.; Reed, Bryan W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Paisley, Dennis L.; Tierney, Thomas E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Colvin, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM colvin5@llnl.gov
RI Reed, Bryan/C-6442-2013
FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LDRD [03-ERD-018, 08-ERD-057]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344, with support received from LDRD Project No.
03-ERD-018. One of us (J.C.) also received support from LDRD Project No.
08-ERD-057. Once again, the authors would like to thank Robert Gibson
and his entire staff at the Trident Laser Facility for the very
competent assistance they provided to them in setting up and carrying
out these experiments and for running the laser. They would also like to
acknowledge several useful discussions on dendrite formation with John
Elmer at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 014902
DI 10.1063/1.3054179
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100165
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez, D
Lozano, JG
Herrera, M
Browning, ND
Ruffenach, S
Briot, O
Garcia, R
AF Gonzalez, D.
Lozano, J. G.
Herrera, M.
Browning, N. D.
Ruffenach, S.
Briot, O.
Garcia, R.
TI Structural changes during the natural aging process of InN quantum dots
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; INDIUM NITRIDE; THERMAL-STABILITY; FILMS;
ABSORPTION; GROWTH; CRYSTALLINE; OXIDATION
AB The natural aging process of InN nanostructures by the formation of indium oxides is examined by transmission electron microscopy related techniques. Uncapped and GaN-capped InN quantum dots (QDs) on GaN/sapphire substrates were grown under the same conditions and kept at room temperature/pressure conditions. The GaN capping layer is found to preserve the InN QDs in the wurtzite phase, avoiding the formation of group-III oxides, while in the uncapped sample, a thin layer of cubic phases are formed that envelops the nucleus of wurtzite InN. These cubic phases are shown to be mainly bcc-In(2)O(3) for long aged samples where the nitrogen atoms in the InN surface layers have been substituted by atmospheric oxygen. This process implies the gradual transformation of the In sublattice from hcp to a quasi-fcc structure. Metastable zinc-blende InN phases rich in oxygen atoms are proposed to act as intermediate phases and they are evinced in samples less aged. The large concurrence of interplanar spaces, the twin formation, and the existence of a free surface that facilitates the transformation support this mechanism and would explain the high instability of the InN nanostructures at ambient conditions. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3010309]
C1 [Gonzalez, D.; Lozano, J. G.; Garcia, R.] Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat & IM, E-11510 Cadiz, Spain.
[Gonzalez, D.; Lozano, J. G.; Garcia, R.] Univ Cadiz, QI, E-11510 Cadiz, Spain.
[Herrera, M.; Browning, N. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Browning, N. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Ruffenach, S.; Briot, O.] Univ Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5650, Etud Semicond Grp, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
RP Gonzalez, D (reprint author), Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat & IM, Apdo 40, E-11510 Cadiz, Spain.
EM david.gonzalez@uca.es
RI Gonzalez, David/F-4253-2012;
OI Gonzalez, David/0000-0001-6879-444X; Herrera Collado,
Miriam/0000-0002-2325-5941; Garcia Roja, Rafael/0000-0003-2867-7016;
Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X
FU CICYT [MAT2007-60643]; Junta de Andaluc [TEP383]; SANDIE European
Network of Excellence [NMP4-CT-2004-500101]
FX Financial support from CICYT project MAT2007-60643, Junta de Andaluc a
project TEP383 (Spain) and SANDIE European Network of Excellence
(NMP4-CT-2004-500101-Sixth Framework Program) is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013527
DI 10.1063/1.3010309
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100060
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, W
Weber, WJ
Lian, J
Kalkhoran, NM
AF Jiang, W.
Weber, W. J.
Lian, J.
Kalkhoran, N. M.
TI Disorder accumulation and recovery in gold-ion irradiated 3C-SiC
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; ANNEALING BEHAVIOR; DEFECT
PRODUCTION; IMPLANTATION; TEMPERATURE; CERAMICS; CARBON; DAMAGE
AB A single-crystal 3C-SiC film on a Si/SiO(2)/Si (separation by implantation of oxygen (substrate was irradiated in different areas at 156 K with Au(2+) ions to low fluences. The disorder profiles as a function of dose on both the Si and C sublattices have been determined in situ using a combination of 0.94 MeV D(+) Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and nuclear reaction analysis in channeling geometry along the < 100 >, < 110 >, and < 111 > axes. The results indicate that for the same damage state, the level of disorder on the Si sublattice in 3C-SiC follows a decreasing order along the < 111 >, < 100 >, and < 110 > axes, while that on the C sublattice shows comparable values. Similar levels of Si and C disorder are observed along the < 111 > axis over the applied dose range. However, the level of C disorder is higher than that of Si disorder along all axes at low doses. The amount of disorder recovery during thermal annealing depends on the sublattice (Si or C) and crystallographic orientation. Room-temperature recovery occurs for both sublattices in 3C-SiC irradiated to a dose of 0.047 dpa or lower. Significant recovery is observed along all directions during thermal annealing at 600 K. The results are discussed and compared to those for 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC under similar irradiation conditions. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3055797]
C1 [Jiang, W.; Weber, W. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Lian, J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Kalkhoran, N. M.] Spire Corp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA.
RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM weilin.jiang@pnl.gov
RI Lian, Jie/A-7839-2010; Weber, William/A-4177-2008;
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313
FU Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This research was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of
Energy. Support for the accelerator facilities within the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) was provided by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, U. S. Department of Energy. The
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 52
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013529
DI 10.1063/1.3055797
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100062
ER
PT J
AU Nunez-Sanchez, S
Serna, R
Lopez, JG
Petford-Long, AK
Tanase, M
Kabius, B
AF Nunez-Sanchez, S.
Serna, R.
Lopez, J. Garcia
Petford-Long, A. K.
Tanase, M.
Kabius, B.
TI Tuning the Er3+ sensitization by Si nanoparticles in nanostructured
as-grown Al2O3 films
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOCRYSTALS;
LUMINESCENCE; SILICON; EMISSION; ORIGIN
AB Nanostructured films consisting of single Si nanoparticles (NPs) and Er3+ ions layers separated by nanometer-scale Al2O3 layers of controlled thickness have been prepared in order to tune the energy transfer between Si NPs and Er3+ ions. The amorphous Si NPs with an effective diameter of similar to 4.5 nm are formed during growth and are able to sensitize the Er3+ ions efficiently with no postannealing treatments. The characteristic distance for energy transfer from Si NPs to Er3+ ions in Al2O3 is found to be in the 1 nm range. It is shown that in the nanostructured films, it is possible to achieve an optimized configuration in which almost all the Er3+ ions have the potential to be excited by the Si NPs. This result stresses the importance of controlling the dopant distribution at the nanoscale to achieve improved device performance. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3065520]
C1 [Nunez-Sanchez, S.; Serna, R.] CSIC, Inst Opt, Laser Proc Grp, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[Lopez, J. Garcia] Ctr Nacl Aceleradores, Seville 41092, Spain.
[Petford-Long, A. K.; Tanase, M.; Kabius, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, MSD, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Nunez-Sanchez, S (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Opt, Laser Proc Grp, Serrano 121, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
EM nusa66@io.cfmac.csic.es
RI Serna, Rosalia/C-6013-2011; Petford-Long, Amanda/P-6026-2014;
Nunez-Sanchez, Sara/A-3796-2016
OI Serna, Rosalia/0000-0002-7101-3947; Petford-Long,
Amanda/0000-0002-3154-8090; Nunez-Sanchez, Sara/0000-0002-5435-6892
FU CICYT (Spain) [TEC200604538- MIC]; EU [IST-NMP STREP-017501]; FPU;
Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We are grateful to M. Jimenez de Castro (CSIC, Spain) for helpful
discussions and to J. Hiller (ANL, U. S. A.) for assistance in
cross-section preparation. This work has been supported by CICYT (Spain)
under Project No. TEC200604538- MIC and by the EU under IST-NMP
STREP-017501 contract. S. N.- S. acknowledges the Ministerio de
Educacion y Ciencia (Spain) for support from a FPU contract. TEM was
performed in the Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne National
Laboratory, supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 between
UChicago Argonne, LLC, and the DOE.
NR 21
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013118
DI 10.1063/1.3065520
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100018
ER
PT J
AU Oo, WMH
Saraf, LV
Engelhard, MH
Shutthanandan, V
Bergman, L
Huso, J
McCluskey, MD
AF Oo, W. M. Hlaing
Saraf, L. V.
Engelhard, M. H.
Shutthanandan, V.
Bergman, L.
Huso, J.
McCluskey, M. D.
TI Suppression of conductivity in Mn-doped ZnO thin films
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS
AB We studied the dopant concentration distribution and conductivity in ZnO: Mn films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The ion beam, surface, and microstructural properties of undoped ZnO films were compared with Mn-doped ZnO films. Suppression of ZnO conductivity was observed for Mn doping up to similar to 4.5 at. %. The presence of Mn(2+), confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is correlated with the reduction in conductivity. Variable-temperature Hall effect measurements yield an activation energy of 170 meV, consistent with deep donors in the bulk or at the interface. The results suggest that the incorporation of substitutional Mn suppresses the formation of native defects such as oxygen vacancies. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Oo, W. M. Hlaing; McCluskey, M. D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Saraf, L. V.; Engelhard, M. H.; Shutthanandan, V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Bergman, L.; Huso, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Oo, WMH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM mattmcc@wsu.edu
RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010;
OI Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812
FU BER [AC06-76RLO1830]; NSF [DMR-0704163]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46386]
FX Conductivity measurements were performed at Washington State University
(WSU) and PL measurements were performed at the University of Idaho. The
rest of the work was conducted in the Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory (EMSL) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL
is operated by Battelle for the U. S. Department of Energy. EMSL is a
national scientific user facility for Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (BER). The EMSL portion of the support for this
work was provided by BER under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO1830. W.M.H.O.
also would like to acknowledge PNNL summer research institute (SRI) for
providing research opportunity at PNNL. The support for WSU portion was
provided by NSF Grant No. DMR-0704163 and DOE Grant No.
DE-FG02-07ER46386.
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013715
DI 10.1063/1.3063730
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100092
ER
PT J
AU Parker, J
Mar, D
Von der Porten, S
Hankinson, J
Byram, K
Lee, C
Mayeda, MK
Haskell, R
Yang, QM
Greenfield, S
Epstein, R
AF Parker, John
Mar, David
Von der Porten, Steven
Hankinson, John
Byram, Kevin
Lee, Chris
Mayeda, Michael K.
Haskell, Richard
Yang, Qimin
Greenfield, Scott
Epstein, Richard
TI Thermal links for the implementation of an optical refrigerator
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THULIUM-DOPED GLASS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; LASER; CRYSTAL; BAY2F8
AB Optical refrigeration has been demonstrated by several groups of researchers, but the cooling elements have not been thermally linked to realistic heat loads in ways that achieve the desired temperatures. The ideal thermal link will have minimal surface area, provide complete optical isolation for the load, and possess high thermal conductivity. We have designed thermal links that minimize the absorption of fluoresced photons by the heat load using multiple mirrors and geometric shapes including a hemisphere, a kinked waveguide, and a tapered waveguide. While total link performance is dependent on additional factors, we have observed net transmission of photons with the tapered link as low as 0.04%. Our optical tests have been performed with a surrogate source that operates at 625 nm and mimics the angular distribution of light emitted from the cooling element of the Los Alamos solid state optical refrigerator. We have confirmed the optical performance of our various link geometries with computer simulations using CODE V optical modeling software. In addition we have used the thermal modeling tool in COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS to investigate other heating factors that affect the thermal performance of the optical refrigerator. Assuming an ideal cooling element and a nonabsorptive dielectric trapping mirror, the three dominant heating factors are (1) absorption of fluoresced photons transmitted through the thermal link, (2) blackbody radiation from the surrounding environment, and (3) conductive heat transfer through mechanical supports. Modeling results show that a 1 cm(3) load can be chilled to 107 K with a 100W pump laser. We have used the simulated steady-state cooling temperatures of the heat load to compare link designs and system configurations. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3062522]
C1 [Parker, John; Mar, David; Von der Porten, Steven; Hankinson, John; Byram, Kevin; Lee, Chris; Mayeda, Michael K.; Haskell, Richard; Yang, Qimin] Harvey Mudd Coll, Dept Engn, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Parker, John; Mar, David; Von der Porten, Steven; Hankinson, John; Byram, Kevin; Lee, Chris; Mayeda, Michael K.; Haskell, Richard; Yang, Qimin] Harvey Mudd Coll, Dept Phys, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Greenfield, Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Epstein, Richard] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Int Space & Response Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Parker, J (reprint author), Harvey Mudd Coll, Dept Engn, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
EM jjsparker@gmail.com
OI Epstein, Richard/0000-0002-3929-4363
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX This work was performed under a Harvey Mudd College joint
Physics-Engineering Clinic project funded by Los Alamos National
Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Markus Hehlen and the Los
Alamos Solid State Optical Refrigerator team for their helpful insights
during this project. The authors are also indebted to Cascade Optical
Corporation for their assistance with the dielectric mirror coatings.
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013116
DI 10.1063/1.3062522
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100016
ER
PT J
AU Qu, W
Tan, X
Vittayakorn, N
Wirunchit, S
Besser, MF
AF Qu, W.
Tan, X.
Vittayakorn, N.
Wirunchit, S.
Besser, M. F.
TI High temperature phases in the 0.98PbZrO(3)-0.02Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O-3
ceramic
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; LEAD-ZIRCONATE; PBZRO3
AB The phase evolution with temperature in the 0.98PbZrO(3)-0.02Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O-3 ceramic was investigated with dielectric permittivity and polarization measurements, hot stage transmission electron microscopy, and high temperature x-ray diffraction. Below 190 degrees C, the ceramic is in the antiferroelectric phase with characteristic 1/4{110}(c) superlattice diffractions. In this stage, typical antiferroelectric 180 degrees domains were observed. Between 190 and 220 degrees C, an intermediate phase, which is characterized by 1/2{110}(c)-type superlattice diffractions, was detected. Evidences are found to suggest that this intermediate phase is ferroelectric. The 1/2{110}(c)-type superlattice diffraction persists even into the paraelectric phase above 220 degrees C. In addition, there exists an incommensurate phase between the low temperature antiferroelectric phase and the intermediate ferroelectric phase. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3065087]
C1 [Qu, W.; Tan, X.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Vittayakorn, N.; Wirunchit, S.] King Mongkuts Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Bangkok 10502, Thailand.
[Besser, M. F.] US DOE, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Qu, W (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM xtan@iastate.edu
RI Tan, Xiaoli/C-3376-2013; Qu, Weiguo/D-9875-2013;
OI Tan, Xiaoli/0000-0002-4182-663X; Qu, Weiguo/0000-0001-7925-7340;
Vittayakorn, Naratip/0000-0001-9245-0639
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0346819]; U. S.-Israel Binational
Science Foundation [2006235]; United States Department of Energy-Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through the
CAREER Grant No. DMR-0346819 and the U. S.-Israel Binational Science
Foundation through Grant No. 2006235. The in situ TEM and high
temperature XRD experiments were carried out at the Materials &
Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, which is supported by the
United States Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences under Contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 014106
DI 10.1063/1.3065087
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100128
ER
PT J
AU Turneaure, SJ
Gupta, YM
Rigg, P
AF Turneaure, Stefan J.
Gupta, Y. M.
Rigg, Paulo
TI Shock induced phase change in KCl single crystals: Orientation relations
between the B1 and B2 lattices
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; CSCL-TYPE; TRANSITION;
COMPRESSION; TRANSFORMATION; PRESSURE; HALIDES; STATE; RBI
AB The relative orientations between the lattices of the low pressure (B1) and high pressure (B2) phases of shock compressed KCl single crystals were examined using plate impact loading along the [111] and the [110] directions. The B2-phase lattice planes, perpendicular to the loading direction, were determined from transient x-ray diffraction measurements. Two closely spaced diffraction peaks were observed for the [111] loading direction. The lower Bragg angle peak is consistent with a 200 peak of a cubic B2-phase unit cell giving the orientation relation [111](B1) is parallel to [100](B2). The higher Bragg angle peak is not consistent with any peak from either a cubic B1 or a cubic B2 unit cell; the origin of this peak is unknown. Other experiments found no orientation relations; for the [111] loading direction, [111](B1) is not parallel to [211](B2) and for the [110] loading direction, [110](B1) is not parallel to [100](B2). The orientation relation determined for the [111] loading in this work is incompatible with a previously determined orientation relation obtained for the [100] loading [T. d'Almeida and Y. M. Gupta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 330 (2000)]. This finding suggests that the transformation pathway between the B1 and B2 lattices in KCl crystals depends on the shock compression direction for the B1 phase. The results are discussed in terms of the compatibility between the macroscopic uniaxial strain imposed by shock wave loading and the microscopic rearrangement of atoms leading to the observed orientation relations. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3065522]
C1 [Turneaure, Stefan J.; Gupta, Y. M.] Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Turneaure, Stefan J.; Gupta, Y. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Rigg, Paulo] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Turneaure, SJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM stefant@wsu.edu
FU DOE [DE-FG03-97SF21388]
FX The authors wish to express their thanks to Nate Argan-bright for
performing some of the early experiments. Kent Perkins, Kurt Zimmerman,
and Gary Chantler are thanked for their assistance with the experimental
effort. This work at Washington State University was supported by the
DOE Grant No. DE-FG03-97SF21388.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013544
DI 10.1063/1.3065522
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100077
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Wereszczak, AA
Lin, HT
AF Wang, Hong
Wereszczak, Andrew A.
Lin, Hua-Tay
TI Fatigue response of a PZT multilayer actuator under high-field electric
cycling with mechanical preload
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; DOMAIN-WALL MOTION; FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS;
PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS; PLZT CERAMICS; THIN-FILMS; BEHAVIOR;
MICROCRACKING; RELIABILITY; PERFORMANCE
AB An electric fatigue test system was developed for evaluating the reliability of piezoelectric actuators with a mechanical loading capability. Fatigue responses of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) multilayer actuator with a platethrough electrode configuration were studied under an electric field (1.7 times that of the coercive field of PZT material) and a concurrent mechanical preload (30.0 MPa). A total of 10(9) cycles was carried out. Variations in charge density and mechanical strain under the high electric field and constant mechanical loads were observed during the fatigue test. The dc and the first harmonic (at 10 Hz) dielectric and piezoelectric coefficients were subsequently characterized using fast Fourier transformation. Both the dielectric and the piezoelectric coefficients exhibited a monotonic decrease prior to 2.86 x 10(8) cycles under certain preloading conditions, and then fluctuated. Both the dielectric loss tangent and the piezoelectric loss tangent also fluctuated after a decrease. The results are interpreted and discussed with respect to domain wall activities, microdefects, and other anomalies. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3065097]
C1 [Wang, Hong; Wereszczak, Andrew A.; Lin, Hua-Tay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ceram Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ceram Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM wangh@ornl.gov
RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016; Wang, Hong/O-1987-2016
OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X; Wang, Hong/0000-0002-0173-0545
FU U. S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was sponsored by the U. S. DOE, Office of FreedomCAR and
Vehicle Technologies, as a part of the Heavy Vehicle Propulsion System
Materials Program, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with
UT-Battelle, LLC. This work was supported in part by an appointment to
the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Postdoctoral Research Associates
Program, sponsored by the U. S. DOE and administered by the Oak Ridge
Institute for Science and Education. The authors thank B. Ozpineci and
M. Chinthavali for reviewing the manuscript. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 44
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 014112
DI 10.1063/1.3065097
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100134
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, YG
Zu, XT
Gao, F
Nie, JL
Xiao, HY
AF Zhou, Y. G.
Zu, X. T.
Gao, F.
Nie, J. L.
Xiao, H. Y.
TI Adsorption of hydrogen on boron-doped graphene: A first-principles
prediction
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION;
TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; SUBSTITUTION-REACTION;
GRAPHITE; EXCHANGE; PLANE; SURFACES
AB The doping effects of boron on the atomic adsorption of hydrogen on graphene have been investigated using density functional theory calculations. The hydrogen adsorption energies and electronic structures have been considered for pristine and B-doped graphene with the adsorption of hydrogen on top of carbon or boron atom. It is found that the B-doping forms an electron-deficient structure and decreases the hydrogen adsorption energy dramatically. For the adsorption of hydrogen on top of other sites, similar results have also been found. These results indicate that the hydrogen storage capacity is improved by the doping of B atom. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3056380]
C1 [Zhou, Y. G.; Zu, X. T.; Nie, J. L.; Xiao, H. Y.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
[Zu, X. T.] Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Mat Phys, Shenyang 110015, Peoples R China.
[Gao, F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhou, YG (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
EM zhouyungang1@126.com
RI Xiao, Haiyan/A-1450-2012; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012
FU NSAF Joint Foundation of China [10376006]; Sichuan Young Scientists
Foundation [03ZQ026059]; SRF; Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC0576RL01830]
FX This study was supported financially by the NSAF Joint Foundation of
China (Grant No. 10376006 ) and by the Sichuan Young Scientists
Foundation (Grant No. 03ZQ026059) and by the Project-sponsored by SRF
for ROCS, SEM. F. Gao was supported by the Division of Materials
Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0576RL01830.
NR 23
TC 46
Z9 48
U1 2
U2 51
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
AR 014309
DI 10.1063/1.3056380
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 395OT
UT WOS:000262534100143
ER
PT J
AU Wielopolski, L
Ramirez, LM
Spungen, AM
Swaby, S
Asselin, P
Bauman, WA
AF Wielopolski, L.
Ramirez, L. M.
Spungen, A. M.
Swaby, S.
Asselin, P.
Bauman, W. A.
TI Measuring partial body potassium in the legs of patients with spinal
cord injury: a new approach
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE in vivo; skeletal muscle; body composition; paraplegia
ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MEN;
PARAPLEGIA; SPECTRA; COUNTER; MASS
AB Wielopolski L, Ramirez LM, Spungen AM, Swaby S, Asselin P, Bauman WA. Measuring partial body potassium in the legs of patients with spinal cord injury: a new approach. J Appl Physiol 106: 268-273, 2009. First published November 20, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90435.2008.-Patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) with paralysis experience rapid and marked muscle atrophy below the level of the lesion. Muscle is lost above the lesion due to enforced bed rest associated with immobilization. Presently, there is no viable method to quantify muscle loss between the time of injury to the initiation of rehabilitation and remobilization. Furthermore, to assess the efficacy of any physical or pharmacological intervention necessitates the ability to accurately determine the impact of these treatments on muscle mass and function. Our results are presented from measurements of regional potassium (K) in the legs of persons with chronic SCI. The intracellular body K, comprising similar to 97% of the total body K, is indicative of the metabolically active cell mass, of which over 50% is located in the skeletal muscle (SM). To assess regional variations in SM mass in the legs, a partial body K (PBK) system designed for this purpose was placed on a potentially mobile cart. The SM mass measured by PBK in an able-bodied control cohort (n = 17) and in patients with chronic SCI (n = 21) was 17.6 +/- 0.86 and 11.0 +/- 0.65 kg, respectively, a difference of similar to 37.5%. However, the difference in the lean tissue mass of the legs obtained by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) in the same cohorts was 20.5 +/- 0.86 and 15.5 +/- 0.88 kg, respectively, or a difference of similar to 24.4%. PBK offers a novel approach to obtain regional K measurements in the legs, thus allowing the potential for early and serial assessment of muscle loss in SCI subjects during the acute and subacute periods following paralysis. The basic characteristics and performance of our PBK system and our calibration procedure are described in this preliminary report.
C1 [Wielopolski, L.; Ramirez, L. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Spungen, A. M.; Swaby, S.; Asselin, P.; Bauman, W. A.] Merit Review Program, Dept Vet Affairs Rehabil Res & Dev Serv, Bronx, NY USA.
[Spungen, A. M.; Swaby, S.; Asselin, P.; Bauman, W. A.] Ctr Excellence Med Consequences Spinal Cord Injur, Bronx, NY USA.
[Spungen, A. M.; Swaby, S.; Asselin, P.; Bauman, W. A.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med & Res Serv, Bronx, NY USA.
[Spungen, A. M.; Bauman, W. A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA.
[Spungen, A. M.; Bauman, W. A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, New York, NY USA.
RP Wielopolski, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Bldg 490D, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM lwielo@bnl.gov
FU Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development
Service; Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal
Cord Injury [B4162C]; U. S. Department of Energy [DEAC0298CH10886]
FX Partial support for this work was provided by the Department of Veterans
Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, Center of
Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (no.
B4162C). Partial support by the U. S. Department of Energy, under
Contract No. DEAC0298CH10886, is also recognized.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 8750-7587
J9 J APPL PHYSIOL
JI J. Appl. Physiol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 1
BP 268
EP 273
DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.90435.2008
PG 6
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 392QV
UT WOS:000262318200032
PM 19023024
ER
PT J
AU White, JM
Bowers, JF
Hanna, SR
Lundquist, JK
AF White, J. M.
Bowers, J. F.
Hanna, S. R.
Lundquist, J. K.
TI Importance of Using Observations of Mixing Depths in order to Avoid
Large Prediction Errors by a Transport and Dispersion Model
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; OKLAHOMA-CITY; WIND; PROFILER
AB The mixing depth of the boundary layer is an input to most atmospheric transport and dispersion (ATD) models, which obtain mixing depths in one of four ways: 1) observations by radiosondes, sodars, or other devices; 2) simulations by regional or mesoscale meteorological models; 3) parameterizations based on boundary layer similarity theory; or 4) climatological averages. This paper describes a situation during a field experiment when exceptionally low mixing depths persisted in the morning and led to relatively high observed tracer concentrations. The low mixing depths were caused by synoptic effects associated with a nearby stationary front and the outflow from a mesoscale thunderstorm complex located 20-50 km away. For the same time period, the ATD model-parameterized mixing depth was a factor of 5-10 higher, leading to predicted concentrations that were less than the observations by a factor of 5-10. The synoptic situation is described and local radiosonde and radar observations of mixing depth are presented, including comparisons with other more typical days. Time series of local observations of near-surface sensible heat fluxes are also plotted to demonstrate the suppression of turbulence by negative sensible heat fluxes during the period in question.
C1 [White, J. M.; Bowers, J. F.] Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, UT USA.
[Hanna, S. R.] Hanna Consultants Inc, Kennebunkport, ME USA.
[Lundquist, J. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP White, JM (reprint author), TEDT-DPW-ME MS 6,4531 B St, Dugway, UT 84022 USA.
EM john.white5@us.army.mil
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DEAC5207NA27344]
FX The research by J. White, J. Bowers, and S. Hanna was sponsored by the
Defense Threat Reduction Agency, with Rick Fry as project manager. S.
Hanna's research was cosponsored by the National Science Foundation and
by the Department of Homeland Security. J. Lundquist's research was
supported by the LLNL Laboratory- Directed Research and Development
program, and was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DEAC5207NA27344.
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 26
IS 1
BP 22
EP 32
DI 10.1175/2008JTECHA1134.1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 415AX
UT WOS:000263907800002
ER
PT J
AU Zhulin, IB
AF Zhulin, Igor B.
TI It Is Computation Time for Bacteriology!
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GENOMES
C1 [Zhulin, Igor B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhulin, Igor B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37886 USA.
RP Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, M409 Walters Life Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM ijouline@utk.edu
RI Zhulin, Igor/A-2308-2012
OI Zhulin, Igor/0000-0002-6708-5323
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM072285]
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 191
IS 1
BP 20
EP 22
DI 10.1128/JB.01491-08
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 382TK
UT WOS:000261628100001
PM 18978045
ER
PT J
AU Kazakov, AE
Rodionov, DA
Alm, E
Arkin, AP
Dubchak, I
Gelfand, MS
AF Kazakov, Alexey E.
Rodionov, Dmitry A.
Alm, Eric
Arkin, Adam Paul
Dubchak, Inna
Gelfand, Mikhail S.
TI Comparative Genomics of Regulation of Fatty Acid and Branched-Chain
Amino Acid Utilization in Proteobacteria
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; SHEWANELLA-GELIDIMARINA; BACTERIAL GENOMES;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; FADR; METABOLISM; NETWORKS; FAMILY;
LEUCINE/ISOVALERATE
AB Bacteria can use branched-chain amino acids (ILV, i.e., isoleucine, leucine, valine) and fatty acids (FAs) as sole carbon and energy sources converting ILV into acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA), propanoyl-CoA, and propionyl-CoA, respectively. In this work, we used the comparative genomic approach to identify candidate transcriptional factors and DNA motifs that control ILV and FA utilization pathways in proteobacteria. The metabolic regulons were characterized based on the identification and comparison of candidate transcription factor binding sites in groups of phylogenetically related genomes. The reconstructed ILV/FA regulatory network demonstrates considerable variability and involves six transcriptional factors from the MerR, TetR, and GntR families binding to 11 distinct DNA motifs. The ILV degradation genes in gamma- and betaproteobacteria are regulated mainly by a novel regulator from the MerR family (e. g., LiuR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa) (40 species); in addition, the TetR-type regulator LiuQ was identified in some betaproteobacteria (eight species). Besides the core set of ILV utilization genes, the LiuR regulon in some lineages is expanded to include genes from other metabolic pathways, such as the glyoxylate shunt and glutamate synthase in Shewanella species. The FA degradation genes are controlled by four regulators including FadR in gammaproteobacteria (34 species), PsrA in gamma- and betaproteobacteria (45 species), FadP in betaproteobacteria (14 species), and LiuR orthologs in alphaproteobacteria (22 species). The remarkable variability of the regulatory systems associated with the FA degradation pathway is discussed from functional and evolutionary points of view.
C1 [Rodionov, Dmitry A.] Burnham Inst Med Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Kazakov, Alexey E.; Rodionov, Dmitry A.; Gelfand, Mikhail S.] RAS, Kharkevich Inst, Inst Informat Transmiss Problems, Moscow 117901, Russia.
[Alm, Eric] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Alm, Eric] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Alm, Eric; Arkin, Adam Paul; Dubchak, Inna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arkin, Adam Paul; Dubchak, Inna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arkin, Adam Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gelfand, Mikhail S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Bioengn & Bioinformat, Moscow, Russia.
RP Rodionov, DA (reprint author), Burnham Inst Med Res, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM rodionov@burnham.org
RI Gelfand, Mikhail/F-3425-2012; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008;
OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Rodionov, Dmitry/0000-0002-0939-390X
FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute [55005610]; Russian Academy of Science;
Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-04-01000-a]; Virtual Institute
for Microbial Stress and Survival; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U. S.
Department of Energy
FX This study was supported by grants from the Howard Hughes Medical
Institute (55005610), the Russian Academy of Science (Program Molecular
and Cellular Biology), and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(08-04-01000-a). This work was part of the Virtual Institute for
Microbial Stress and Survival (http://VIMSS.lbl.gov) supported by the U.
S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Genomics Program: GTL through contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the
U. S. Department of Energy.
NR 37
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 191
IS 1
BP 52
EP 64
DI 10.1128/JB.01175-08
PG 13
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 382TK
UT WOS:000261628100005
PM 18820024
ER
PT J
AU Novichkov, PS
Wolf, YI
Dubchak, I
Koonin, EV
AF Novichkov, Pavel S.
Wolf, Yuri I.
Dubchak, Inna
Koonin, Eugene V.
TI Trends in Prokaryotic Evolution Revealed by Comparison of Closely
Related Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENE ORDER; REPLICATION; VARIABILITY; LIKELIHOOD; ALIGNMENT; PROTEINS;
DATABASE
AB In order to explore microevolutionary trends in bacteria and archaea, we constructed a data set of 41 alignable tight genome clusters (ATGCs). We show that the ratio of the medians of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rates (dN/dS) that is used as a measure of the purifying selection pressure on protein sequences is a stable characteristic of the ATGCs. In agreement with previous findings, parasitic bacteria, notwithstanding the sometimes dramatic genome shrinkage caused by gene loss, are typically subjected to relatively weak purifying selection, presumably owing to relatively small effective population sizes and frequent bottlenecks. However, no evidence of genome streamlining caused by strong selective pressure was found in any of the ATGCs. On the contrary, a significant positive correlation between the genome size, as well as gene size, and selective pressure was observed, although a variety of free-living prokaryotes with very close selective pressures span nearly the entire range of genome sizes. In addition, we examined the connections between the sequence evolution rate and other genomic features. Although gene order changes much faster than protein sequences during the evolution of prokaryotes, a strong positive correlation was observed between the "rear-rangement distance" and the amino acid distance, suggesting that at least some of the events leading to genome rearrangement are subjected to the same type of selective constraints as the evolution of amino acid sequences.
C1 [Novichkov, Pavel S.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V.] Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA.
[Dubchak, Inna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dubchak, Inna] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
RP Koonin, EV (reprint author), Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA.
EM koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
FU Department of Health and Human Services; National Library of Medicine,
NIH
FX The research of P. S. N., Y. I. W., and E. V. K. was supported by the
Department of Health and Human Services intramural program (National
Library of Medicine, NIH).
NR 37
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 191
IS 1
BP 65
EP 73
DI 10.1128/JB.01237-08
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 382TK
UT WOS:000261628100006
PM 18978059
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, KT
Zhulin, IB
Stuckey, JA
DiRita, VJ
AF Elliott, Kathryn T.
Zhulin, Igor B.
Stuckey, Jeanne A.
DiRita, Victor J.
TI Conserved Residues in the HAMP Domain Define a New Family of Proposed
Bipartite Energy Taxis Receptors
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; DINUCLEOTIDE-BINDING DETERMINANTS;
CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI 81-176; TURN PROPENSITY SCALE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CELL INVASION; TRANSPOSON MUTAGENESIS;
TRANSMEMBRANE HELICES; HISTIDINE KINASE
AB HAMP domains, found in many bacterial signal transduction proteins, generally transmit an intramolecular signal between an extracellular sensory domain and an intracellular signaling domain. Studies of HAMP domains in proteins where both the input and output signals occur intracellularly are limited to those of the Aer energy taxis receptor of Escherichia coli, which has both a HAMP domain and a sensory PAS domain. Campylobacter jejuni has an energy taxis system consisting of the domains of Aer divided between two proteins, CetA (HAMP domain containing) and CetB (PAS domain containing). In this study, we found that the CetA HAMP domain differs significantly from that of Aer in the predicted secondary structure. Using similarity searches, we identified 55 pairs of HAMP/PAS proteins encoded by adjacent genes in a diverse group of microorganisms. We propose that these HAMP/PAS pairs form a new family of bipartite energy taxis receptors. Within these proteins, we identified nine residues in the HAMP domain and proximal signaling domain that are highly conserved, at least three of which are required for CetA function. Additionally, we demonstrated that CetA contributes to the invasion of human epithelial cells by C. jejuni, while CetB does not. This finding supports the hypothesis that members of HAMP/PAS pairs possess the capacity to act independently of each other in cellular traits other than energy taxis.
C1 [Elliott, Kathryn T.; DiRita, Victor J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Stuckey, Jeanne A.] Univ Michigan, Inst Life Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[DiRita, Victor J.] Univ Michigan, Unit Lab Anim Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Zhulin, Igor B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhulin, Igor B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP DiRita, VJ (reprint author), 5641 Med Sci Bldg 2,1150 W Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM vdirita@umich.edu
RI Zhulin, Igor/A-2308-2012;
OI Zhulin, Igor/0000-0002-6708-5323; Elliott, Kathryn/0000-0003-3951-9160
FU USDA Food Safety Program; National Institutes of Health [GM72285];
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Predoctoral Fellowship; Willison
Predoctoral Fellowship
FX This work was supported by grants from the USDA Food Safety Program (to
V.J.D.) and by National Institutes of Health grant GM72285 (to I.B.Z.).
K. T. E. was supported by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Predoctoral
Fellowship and a Willison Predoctoral Fellowship.
NR 57
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 191
IS 1
BP 375
EP 387
DI 10.1128/JB.00578-08
PG 13
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 382TK
UT WOS:000261628100037
PM 18952801
ER
PT J
AU Gillner, DM
Bienvenue, DL
Nocek, BP
Joachimiak, A
Zachary, V
Bennett, B
Holz, RC
AF Gillner, Danuta M.
Bienvenue, David L.
Nocek, Boguslaw P.
Joachimiak, Andrzej
Zachary, Vincentos
Bennett, Brian
Holz, Richard C.
TI The dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase from
Haemophilus influenzae contains two active-site histidine residues
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomedicine; Biosynthesis; Electron paramagnetic resonance; Enzyme
kinetics; Homology model
ID AEROMONAS-PROTEOLYTICA AMINOPEPTIDASE; METAL-BINDING PROPERTIES;
SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BETA-LACTAMASE; BIOSYNTHESIS;
LYSINE; DIAMINOPIMELATE
AB The catalytic and structural properties of the H67A and H349A dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) from Haemophilus influenzae were investigated. On the basis of sequence alignment with the carboxypeptidase from Pseudomonas sp. strain RS-16, both H67 and H349 were predicted to be Zn(II) ligands. The H67A DapE enzyme exhibited a decreased catalytic efficiency (180-fold) compared with wild-type (WT) DapE towards N-succinyldiaminopimelic acid. No catalytic activity was observed for H349A under the experimental conditions used. The electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electronic absorption data indicate that the Co(II) ion bound to H349A-DapE is analogous to that of WT DapE after the addition of a single Co(II) ion. The addition of 1 equiv of Co(II) to H67A DapE provides spectra that are very different from those of the first Co(II) binding site of the WT enzyme, but that are similar to those of the second binding site. The EPR and electronic absorption data, in conjunction with the kinetic data, are consistent with the assignment of H67 and H349 as active-site metal ligands for the DapE from H. influenzae. Furthermore, the data suggest that H67 is a ligand in the first metal binding site, while H349 resides in the second metal binding site. A three-dimensional homology structure of the DapE from H. influenzae was generated using the X-ray crystal structure of the DapE from Neisseria meningitidis as a template and superimposed on the structure of the aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica (AAP). This homology structure confirms the assignment of H67 and H349 as active-site ligands. The superimposition of the homology model of DapE with the dizinc(II) structure of AAP indicates that within 4.0 angstrom of the Zn(II) binding sites of AAP all of the amino acid residues of DapE are nearly identical.
C1 [Gillner, Danuta M.; Bienvenue, David L.; Zachary, Vincentos; Holz, Richard C.] Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60626 USA.
[Gillner, Danuta M.] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Chem, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
[Nocek, Boguslaw P.; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Midw Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Bennett, Brian] Med Coll Wisconsin, Biophys Res Inst, Natl Biomed EPR Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
RP Holz, RC (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60626 USA.
EM rholz1@luc.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR001980]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI056321, R03 AI056321]; NIBIB
NIH HHS [P41 EB001980-28, P41 EB001980, P41 EB001980-29, P41
EB001980-30, P41 EB001980-31, P41 EB001980-32]
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-8257
J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM
JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 14
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1007/s00775-008-0418-z
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 378RT
UT WOS:000261342300001
PM 18712420
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, H
Jones, CIL
Baker, GA
Xia, S
Olubajo, O
Person, VN
AF Zhao, Hua
Jones, Cedil L.
Baker, Gary A.
Xia, Shuqian
Olubajo, Olarongbe
Person, Vernecia N.
TI Regenerating cellulose from ionic liquids for an accelerated enzymatic
hydrolysis
SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulose; Cellulase; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ionic liquid; Pretreatment;
Regeneration
ID 1,3-DIMETHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; GLUCOSE
SOLVATION; PRETREATMENT; DISSOLUTION; FUNCTIONALIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY;
MECHANISM; SUBSTRATE; ETHANOL
AB The efficient conversion of lignocellulosic materials into fuel ethanol has become a research priority in producing affordable and renewable energy. The pretreatment of lignocelluloses is known to be key to the fast enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Recently,certain ionic liquids (ILs) were found capable of dissolving more than 10 wt% cellulose. Preliminary investigations [Dadi A.P. Varanasi. S. Schall, C.A.. 2006. Enhancement of cellulose saccharification kinetics using all ionic liquid pretreatment step. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 95, 904-910: Liu. L., Chen, H., 2006. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose materials treated with ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl. Chin. Sci. Bull. 51. 2432-2436; Dadi. A.P., Schall, C.A., Varanasi, S., 2007. Mitigation of cellulose recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis by ionic liquid pretreatment. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 137-140. 407-421] suggest that celluloses regenerated from IL solutions are subject to faster saccharification than untreated Substrates. These encouraging results offer the possibility Of using ILs as alternative and non-volatile solvents for cellulose pretreatment. However, these Studies are limited to two chloride-based ILs: (a) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), which is a corrosive, toxic and extremely hygroscopic solid (m.p, similar to 70 degrees C) and (b) 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium choloride ([AMIM]Cl), which is viscous and has a reactive side-chain. Therefore, more in-depth research involving other ILs is much needed to explore (his promising pretreatment route. For this reason, we Studied a number of chloride- and acetate-based ILs for Cellulose regeneralion, including several i s newly developed in Our laboratory. This will enable ILs to select inexpensive, efficient and environmentally benign solvents for processing cellulosic biomass. Our data confirm that all regenerated celluloses are less crystalline (58-75% lower) and more accessible to cellulase (>2 times) than untreated Substrates. As a result. regenerated Avicel (R) cellulose, filter paper and cotton were hydrolyzed 2-10 times faster than the respective untreated celluloses. A complete hydrolysis of Avicel (R) cellulose could be achieved in 6 h given the Trichoderma reesei cellulase/substrate ratio (w/w) of 3:20 at 50 degrees C. In addition, we observed that cellulase is more thermally stable (up to 60 degrees C) in the presence of regenerated cellulose. Furthermore, our systematic Studies Suggest that the presence of various ILs during the hydrolysis induced different degrees of cellulase inactivation. Therefore, a thorough removal of IL residues after cellulose regeneration is highly recommended, and a systematic investigation oil this subject is much needed.(c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhao, Hua; Jones, Cedil L.; Olubajo, Olarongbe; Person, Vernecia N.] Savannah State Univ, Chem Program, Savannah, GA 31404 USA.
[Baker, Gary A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Xia, Shuqian] Tianjin Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.
RP Zhao, H (reprint author), Savannah State Univ, Chem Program, 3219 Coll St, Savannah, GA 31404 USA.
EM zhaoh@savstate.edu
RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016;
OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730; Zhao, Hua/0000-0002-5761-2089
FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund [46776-GB1]
FX Acknowledgment is made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society
Petroleum Research Fund (46776-GB1) for partial Support Of this
research.
NR 45
TC 272
Z9 285
U1 9
U2 145
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1656
EI 1873-4863
J9 J BIOTECHNOL
JI J. Biotechnol.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 139
IS 1
BP 47
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.08.009
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 399JG
UT WOS:000262795600008
PM 18822323
ER
PT J
AU Beausoleil-Morrison, I
Griffith, B
Vesanen, T
Weber, A
AF Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian
Griffith, Brent
Vesanen, Teemu
Weber, Andreas
TI A demonstration of the effectiveness of inter-program comparative
testing for diagnosing and repairing solution and coding errors in
building simulation programs
SO JOURNAL OF BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE inter-program comparative testing; validation; fuel-cell cogeneration;
micro-cogeneration
AB The validation of a building simulation program or model is a daunting task, and one that should receive as much attention as algorithm and code development. Previous research in this field has led to a well-accepted approach composed of analytical verification, empirical validation and inter-program comparative testing to diagnose model deficiencies, mathematical solution errors and coding errors. Through a case study using a model for predicting the thermal and electrical performance of fuel cell micro-cogeneration devices, this article demonstrates the utility of the inter-program comparative testing validation construct. It shows that by comparing program-to-program results, solution problems, coding errors and deficiencies in mathematical model descriptions can be efficiently identified, diagnosed and subsequently repaired.
C1 [Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian] Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Griffith, Brent] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Vesanen, Teemu] Tech Res Ctr Finland VTT, Espoo, Finland.
[Weber, Andreas] Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
RP Beausoleil-Morrison, I (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM Ian_Beausoleil-Morrison@carleton.ca
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1940-1493
J9 J BUILD PERFORM SIMU
JI J. Build. Perf. Simul.
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 1
SI SI
BP 63
EP 73
DI 10.1080/19401490802559409
PG 11
WC Construction & Building Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology
GA V20VV
UT WOS:000208168400005
ER
PT J
AU Wetter, M
AF Wetter, Michael
TI Modelica-based modelling and simulation to support research and
development in building energy and control systems
SO JOURNAL OF BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE building simulation; equation-based modelling; rapid prototyping;
Modelica; controls
AB Traditional building simulation programs possess attributes that make them difficult to use for the design and analysis of building energy and control systems and for the support of model-based research and development of systems that may not already be implemented in these programs. This article presents characteristic features of such applications, and it shows how equation-based object-oriented modelling can meet requirements that arise in such applications. Next, the implementation of an open-source component model library for building energy systems is presented. The library has been developed using the equation-based object-oriented Modelica modelling language. Technical challenges of modelling and simulating such systems are discussed. Research needs are presented to make this technology accessible to user groups that have more stringent requirements with respect to the numerical robustness of simulation than a research community may have. Two examples are presented in which models from the here described library were used. The first example describes the design of a controller for a nonlinear model of a heating coil using model reduction and frequency domain analysis. The second example describes the tuning of control parameters for a static pressure reset controller of a variable air volume flow system. The tuning has been done by solving a non-convex optimization problem that minimizes fan energy subject to state constraints.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol Program, Energy & Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wetter, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol Program, Energy & Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mwetter@lbl.gov
FU US Government [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Building Technologies of
the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the US
Government under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Accordingly, the US
Government retains a nonexclusive royalty-free license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do
so, for US Government purposes.; This research was supported by the
Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office
of Building Technologies of the US Department of Energy, under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The author would like to thank Scott A. Bortoff
at the United Technologies Research Center for his input to the controls
design example and Philip Haves, Brian A. Coffey and Walter F. Buhl, all
at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as the anonymous
reviewers, for their valuable feedback to the manuscript.
NR 51
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1940-1493
J9 J BUILD PERFORM SIMU
JI J. Build. Perf. Simul.
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 143
EP 161
DI 10.1080/19401490902818259
PG 19
WC Construction & Building Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology
GA V20WC
UT WOS:000208169100006
ER
PT J
AU Trcka, M
Hensen, JLM
Wetter, M
AF Trcka, Marija
Hensen, Jan L. M.
Wetter, Michael
TI Co-simulation of innovative integrated HVAC systems in buildings
SO JOURNAL OF BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE co-simulation; innovative building system modelling and simulation; HVAC
simulation; building performance simulation
AB Integrated performance simulation of buildings' heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems can help in reducing energy consumption and increasing occupant comfort. However, no single building performance simulation (BPS) tool offers sufficient capabilities and flexibilities to analyse integrated building systems and to enable rapid prototyping of innovative building and system technologies. One way to alleviate this problem is to use co-simulation, as an integrated approach to simulation.
This article elaborates on issues important for co-simulation realization and discusses multiple possibilities to justify the particular approach implemented in the here described co-simulation prototype. The prototype is validated with the results obtained from the traditional simulation approach. It is further used in a proof-of-concept case study to demonstrate the applicability of the method and to highlight its benefits. Stability and accuracy of different coupling strategies are analysed to give a guideline for the required coupling time step.
C1 [Trcka, Marija; Hensen, Jan L. M.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Wetter, Michael] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Simulat Res Grp, Bldg Technol Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Trcka, M (reprint author), Eindhoven Univ Technol, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
EM m.trcka@tue.nl
RI Hensen, Jan/J-6100-2013
OI Hensen, Jan/0000-0002-7528-4234
FU Office of Building Technologies of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This research was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies of the
US Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 61
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1940-1493
EI 1940-1507
J9 J BUILD PERFORM SIMU
JI J. Build. Perf. Simul.
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 3
BP 209
EP 230
DI 10.1080/19401490903051959
PG 22
WC Construction & Building Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology
GA V20WH
UT WOS:000208169600004
ER
PT J
AU Kwak, JH
Mei, DH
Yi, CW
Kim, DH
Peden, CHF
Allard, LF
Szanyi, J
AF Kwak, Ja Hun
Mei, Donghai
Yi, Cheol-Woo
Kim, Do Heui
Peden, Charles H. F.
Allard, Lawrence F.
Szanyi, Janos
TI Understanding the nature of surface nitrates in BaO/gamma-Al2O3 NOx
storage materials: A combined experimental and theoretical study
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE BaO/gamma-Al2O3; NOx storage; HR-STEM; FTIR; Density Functional Theory
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; GAMMA-ALUMINA SURFACES; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BARIUM OXIDE; BASIS-SET; FT-IR; ADSORPTION;
BAO; CATALYSTS
AB A combined experimental-theory approach was applied to unambiguously determine the nature of "surface nitrates" in BaO/gamma-Al2O3 NOx storage materials. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images reveal that at a low BaO coverage of 2 wt% gamma-Al2O3 monomeric BaO units are present almost exclusively. These molecularly dispersed BaO units are concentrated on the (100) facets Of the alumina crystallites, while other facets remain practically BaO-free The results of the density functional theory calculations predicted adsorption geometries for the (BaO)(x) (x = 1 and 2) units. The energetically most favorable BaO monomer and dimer units anchor to pentacoordinate Al3+ sites on the (100) facets of gamma-Al2O3 in such geometries that maximize their interactions with the support surface. The calculated vibrational frequencies of the energetically most favorable nitrate species formed upon the interaction of NO2 with the monomeric and dimeric BaO units agree remarkably well with those observed experimentally by infrared spectroscopy and identified as "surface nitrates." Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Kwak, Ja Hun; Mei, Donghai; Yi, Cheol-Woo; Kim, Do Heui; Peden, Charles H. F.; Szanyi, Janos] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Allard, Lawrence F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Mei, DH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,MSIN K8-80, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM donghai.mei@pnl.gov; janos.szanyi@pnl.gov
RI Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011; Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Kwak, Ja
Hun/J-4894-2014; Kim, Do Heui/I-3727-2015; Yi, Cheol-Woo/B-3082-2010;
OI Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; Yi, Cheol-Woo/0000-0003-4549-5433;
Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928
FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Chemical Sciences [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; LDRD; National Energy Research
Scientific Center (NERSC)
FX We gratefully acknowledge the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences for the support of
this work. The research described in this paper was performed at the
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial
Institute under contract number DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work also
supported by the LDRD project of Catalysis Initiative at PNNL. The
computing time was granted by National Energy Research Scientific Center
(NERSC). We also acknowledge the High Temperature Materials Laboratory
at ORNL where the HR-STEM images were acquired.
NR 32
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 5
U2 30
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 261
IS 1
BP 17
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2008.10.016
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 406ZQ
UT WOS:000263333800003
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, P
Bretherton, CS
AF Caldwell, Peter
Bretherton, Christopher S.
TI Response of a Subtropical Stratocumulus-Capped Mixed Layer to Climate
and Aerosol Changes
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; CONVECTIVE ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; LOWER-TROPOSPHERIC
STABILITY; LOW CLOUD COVER; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; WATER-VAPOR; ENTRAINMENT;
MODELS; SENSITIVITY; FEEDBACK
AB In this paper, an idealized framework based on a cloud-topped mixed layer model is developed for investigating feedbacks between subtropical stratocumulus (Sc) and global warming. The two principal control parameters are Sc-region sea surface temperature (SST) and intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) SST (which controls the temperature and mean subsidence profiles above the Sc). The direct effect of CO(2) doubling (leaving all other parameters fixed) is tested and found to somewhat reduce liquid water path; discussion of this effect on the SST-change simulations is included. The presence of a cold boundary layer is found to significantly affect the temperature and subsidence rate just above cloud top by enhancing lower-tropospheric diabatic cooling in this region. A simple representation of this effect (easily generalizable to a more realistic boundary layer model) is developed.
Steady-state solutions are analyzed as a function of local and ITCZ SST. Two climate change scenarios are considered. The first scenario is an equal increase of local and ITCZ SSTs. In this case, predicted boundary layer depth and cloud thickness increase. This is found in a simplified context to result from subsidence and entrainment decreases due to increased static stability in a warmer climate. In the second case, local SST change is diagnosed from a surface energy balance under the assumption that ocean heat transport remains unchanged. In this case, predicted boundary layer depth decreases. Cloud continues to thicken with rising ITCZ SST, but at a rate much reduced in comparison to the equal-warming scenario. This cloud shading feedback keeps SST in the Sc region nearly constant as the ITCZ SST increases.
Model sensitivity to aerosol indirect effects is also considered by varying the assumed droplet concentration. The resulting change in liquid water path is small, suggesting a weaker dependence on second indirect effect than found in previous studies.
C1 [Caldwell, Peter; Bretherton, Christopher S.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Caldwell, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-103,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94566 USA.
EM caldwell19@llnl.gov
RI Caldwell, Peter/K-1899-2014
NR 52
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 1
BP 20
EP 38
DI 10.1175/2008JCLI1967.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 392VA
UT WOS:000262329100002
ER
PT J
AU Romeo, S
Yin, W
Kozlitina, J
Pennacchio, LA
Boerwinkle, E
Hobbs, HH
Cohen, JC
AF Romeo, Stefano
Yin, Wu
Kozlitina, Julia
Pennacchio, Len A.
Boerwinkle, Eric
Hobbs, Helen H.
Cohen, Jonathan C.
TI Rare loss-of-function mutations in ANGPTL family members contribute to
plasma triglyceride levels in humans
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE PROTEIN-4; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; ENDOTHELIAL LIPASE;
LIPID-METABOLISM; HDL CHOLESTEROL; TARGET GENE; POPULATION; ALLELES;
MICE; OLIGOMERIZATION
AB The relative activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in different tissues controls the partitioning of lipoprotein-derived fatty acids between sites of fat storage (adipose tissue) and oxidation (heart and skeletal muscle). Here we used a reverse genetic strategy to test the hypothesis that 4 angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL3, -4, -5, and -6) play key roles in triglyceride (TG) metabolism in humans. We re-sequenced the coding regions of the genes encoding these proteins and identified multiple rare nonsynonymous (NS) sequence variations that were associated with low plasma TG levels but not with other metabolic phenotypes. Functional studies revealed that all mutant alleles of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 that were associated with low plasma TG levels interfered either with the synthesis or secretion of the protein or with the ability of the ANGPTL protein to inhibit LPL. A total of 1% of the Dallas Heart Study population and 4% of those participants with a plasma TG in the lowest quartile had a rare loss-of-function mutation in ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, or ANGPTL5. Thus, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL5, but not ANGPTL6, play nonredundant roles in TG metabolism, and multiple alleles at these loci cumulatively contribute to variability in plasma TG levels in humans.
C1 [Romeo, Stefano; Yin, Wu; Cohen, Jonathan C.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Eugene McDermott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Romeo, Stefano; Yin, Wu; Cohen, Jonathan C.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Donald W Reynolds Cardiovasc Clin Res Ctr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Yin, Wu; Hobbs, Helen H.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Howard Hughes Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Kozlitina, Julia] So Methodist Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Pennacchio, Len A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pennacchio, Len A.] US Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Boerwinkle, Eric] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Houston, TX USA.
[Boerwinkle, Eric] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Mol Med, Houston, TX USA.
[Cohen, Jonathan C.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
RP Hobbs, HH (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Eugene McDermott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
EM helen.hobbs@utsouthwestern.edu; jonathan.cohen@utsouthwestern.edu
RI Romeo, Stefano/L-6861-2015
OI Romeo, Stefano/0000-0001-9168-4898
FU Donald W. Reynolds Foundation; NIH [RL1-HL-092550, HL-20948]; American
Heart Association Texas Affiliate Fellowship
FX We thank Zifen Wang, Liangcai Nie, Wendy Schackwitz, Anna Ustaszewska,
Joel Martin, and Crystal Wright for excellent technical assistance, Kim
Lawson for statistical analysis, and Susan Lakoski for helpful
discussions. This work was supported by a grant from the Donald W.
Reynolds Foundation, a grant from the NIH (RL1-HL-092550 and HL-20948),
and the American Heart Association Texas Affiliate Fellowship (to S.
Romeo).
NR 37
TC 178
Z9 182
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA
SN 0021-9738
J9 J CLIN INVEST
JI J. Clin. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 1
BP 70
EP 79
DI 10.1172/JCI37118
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 390BS
UT WOS:000262139900011
PM 19075393
ER
PT J
AU Hooper, D
Blasi, P
Serpico, PD
AF Hooper, Dan
Blasi, Pasquale
Serpico, Pasquale Dario
TI Pulsars as the sources of high energy cosmic ray positrons
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; dark matter; neutron stars
ID GAPS; RADIATION; ELECTRONS; FRACTION
AB Recent results from the PAMELA satellite indicate the presence of a large flux of positrons (relative to electrons) in the cosmic ray spectrum between approximately 10 and 100 GeV. As annihilating dark matter particles in many models are predicted to contribute to the cosmic ray positron spectrum in this energy range, a great deal of interest has resulted from this observation. Here, we consider pulsars (rapidly spinning, magnetized neutron stars) as an alternative source of this signal. After calculating the contribution to the cosmic ray positron and electron spectra from pulsars, we find that the spectrum observed by PAMELA could plausibly originate from such sources. In particular, a significant contribution is expected from the sum of all mature pulsars throughout the Milky Way, as well as from the most nearby mature pulsars (such as Geminga and B0656 + 14). The signal from near by pulsars is expected to generate a small but significant dipole anisotropy in the cosmic ray electron spectrum, potentially providing a method by which the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope would be capable of discriminating between the pulsar and dark matter origins of the observed high energy positrons.
C1 [Hooper, Dan; Blasi, Pasquale; Serpico, Pasquale Dario] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Hooper, Dan] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Blasi, Pasquale] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Blasi, Pasquale] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Laquila, Italy.
[Serpico, Pasquale Dario] CERN, Dept Phys, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP Hooper, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM dhooper@fnal.gov; blasi@arcetri.astro.it; serpico@cern.ch
RI Blasi, Pasquale/O-9345-2015
OI Blasi, Pasquale/0000-0003-2480-599X
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; NASA [NNX08AH34G]
FX DH is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy and by NASA grant
NNX08AH34G. We would like to thank Felix Aharonian for helpful
correspondance.
NR 38
TC 240
Z9 243
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
IS 1
AR 025
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/01/025
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 413WS
UT WOS:000263824000025
ER
PT J
AU Melchiorri, A
Mena, O
Palomares-Ruiz, S
Pascoli, S
Slosar, A
Sorel, M
AF Melchiorri, Alessandro
Mena, Olga
Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
Pascoli, Silvia
Slosar, Anze
Sorel, Michel
TI Sterile neutrinos in light of recent cosmological and oscillation data:
a multi-flavor scheme approach
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE cosmological neutrinos; neutrino properties; physics of the early
universe
ID BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; EARLY UNIVERSE;
PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; MASSIVE NEUTRINOS; NOMAD EXPERIMENT;
OPTICAL-ACTIVITY; SEARCH; BOUNDS; PARAMETERS
AB Light sterile neutrinos might mix with the active ones and be copiously produced in the early Universe. In the present paper, a detailed multi-flavor analysis of sterile neutrino production is performed. Making some justified approximations allows us to consider not only neutrino interactions with the primeval medium and neutrino coherence breaking effects, but also oscillation effects arising from the presence of three light (mostly-active) neutrino states mixed with two heavier (mostly-sterile) states. First, we emphasize the underlying physics via an analytical description of sterile neutrino abundances that is valid for cases with small mixing between active and sterile neutrinos. Then, we study in detail the phenomenology of (3+2) sterile neutrino models in light of short-baseline oscillation data, including the LSND and MiniBooNE results. Finally, by using the information provided by this analysis, we obtain the expected sterile neutrino cosmological abundances and then contrast them with the most recet available data from Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure observations. We conclude that (3+2) models are significantly more disfavored by the internal inconsistencies between sterile neutrino interpretations of appearance and disappearance short-baseline data themselves, rather than by the used cosmological data.
C1 [Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Mena, Olga; Sorel, Michel] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
[Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio] Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Fis Teor Particulas, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Pascoli, Silvia] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Slosar, Anze] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Slosar, Anze] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Melchiorri, A (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
EM Alessandro.Melchiorri@roma1.infn.it; mena@ieec.uab.es;
sergio.palomares.ruiz@ist.utl.pt; silvia.pascoli@durham.ac.uk;
anze@berkeley.edu; sorel@ific.uv.es
RI Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio/K-8048-2014;
OI Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio/0000-0001-9049-2288; Sorel,
Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003
NR 132
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
IS 1
AR 036
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/01/036
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 413WS
UT WOS:000263824000036
ER
PT J
AU Kostova, T
AF Kostova, Tanya
TI Interplay of node connectivity and epidemic rates in the dynamics of
epidemic networks
SO JOURNAL OF DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE epidemic network; network dynamics; connectivity; epidemic control;
dynamical system; reproduction number
ID CONTACT NETWORKS; MODELS
AB We present and analyze a discrete-time susceptible-infected epidemic network model which represents each host as a separate entity and allows heterogeneous hosts and contacts. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition for global stability of the disease-free equilibrium of the system (defined as epidemic controllability) which defines the epidemic reproduction number of the network. When this condition is not fulfilled, we show that the system has a unique, locally stable equilibrium. We further derive sufficient conditions for epidemic controllability in terms of the epidemic rates and the network topology.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Kostova, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-561, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM kostova@llnl.gov
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1023-6198
EI 1563-5120
J9 J DIFFER EQU APPL
JI J. Differ. Equ. Appl.
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 4
BP 415
EP 428
AR PII 910455401
DI 10.1080/10236190902766835
PG 14
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 435HI
UT WOS:000265334300006
ER
PT J
AU Kasnakoglu, C
Camphouse, RC
Serrani, A
AF Kasnakoglu, Cosku
Camphouse, R. Chris
Serrani, Andrea
TI Reduced-Order Model-Based Feedback Control of Flow Over an Obstacle
Using Center Manifold Methods
SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE boundary layers; control system synthesis; feedback; flow; flow control;
Navier-Stokes equations; nonlinear control systems; open loop systems
ID ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION MODELS; BOUNDARY CONTROL; BURGERS-EQUATION;
GALERKIN MODELS; CYLINDER WAKE; CHANNEL FLOW; REDUCTION; EXPANSION
AB In this paper, we consider a boundary control problem governed by the two-dimensional Burgers' equation for a configuration describing convective flow over an obstacle. Flows over obstacles are important as they arise in many practical applications. Burgers' equations are also significant as they represent a simpler form of the more general Navier-Stokes momentum equation describing fluid flow. The aim of the work is to develop a reduced-order boundary control-oriented model for the system with subsequent nonlinear control law design. The control objective is to drive the full order system to a desired 2D profile. Reduced-order modeling involves the application of an L(2) optimization based actuation mode expansion technique for input separation, demonstrating how one can obtain a reduced-order Galerkin model in which the control inputs appear as explicit terms. Controller design is based on averaging and center manifold techniques and is validated with full order numerical simulation. Closed-loop results are compared to a standard linear quadratic regulator design based on a linearization of the reduced-order model. The averaging/center manifold based controller design provides smoother response with less control effort and smaller tracking error.
C1 [Kasnakoglu, Cosku] TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey.
[Camphouse, R. Chris] Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment & Decis Anal Dept, Carlsbad Programs Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
[Serrani, Andrea] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Kasnakoglu, C (reprint author), TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey.
EM kasnakoglu@etu.edu.tr
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-0434
J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME
JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 1
AR 011011
DI 10.1115/1.3023122
PG 12
WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 381DJ
UT WOS:000261515300011
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, KC
Kang, SH
Choi, M
Bello, J
Zheng, LL
Zhang, H
Groza, M
Roy, UN
Burger, A
Jellison, GE
Holcomb, DE
Wright, GW
Williams, JA
AF Mandal, Krishna C.
Kang, Sung Hoon
Choi, Michael
Bello, Job
Zheng, Lili
Zhang, Hui
Groza, Michael
Roy, Utpal N.
Burger, Arnold
Jellison, Gerald E.
Holcomb, David E.
Wright, Gomez W.
Williams, Joseph A.
TI Simulation, Modeling, and Crystal Growth of Cd(0.9)Zn(0.1)Te for Nuclear
Spectrometers (vol 35, pg 1251, 2006)
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Mandal, Krishna C.; Kang, Sung Hoon; Choi, Michael; Bello, Job] EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA.
[Zheng, Lili; Zhang, Hui] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Groza, Michael; Roy, Utpal N.; Burger, Arnold] Fisk Univ, Ctr Excellence Phys & Chem Mat, Nashville, TN 37208 USA.
[Jellison, Gerald E.; Holcomb, David E.; Wright, Gomez W.; Williams, Joseph A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mandal, KC (reprint author), EIC Labs Inc, 111 Downey St, Norwood, MA 02062 USA.
EM kmandal@eiclabs.com
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 1
BP 208
EP 208
DI 10.1007/s11664-008-0450-3
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 385CF
UT WOS:000261789900026
ER
PT J
AU Chavez, DE
Gilardi, RD
AF Chavez, David E.
Gilardi, Richard D.
TI Synthesis of 3,6-bis(3-azido-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine
SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE azido compounds; explosives; high-nitrogen
ID NITROGEN-RICH; CARBON NITRIDES; ENERGETIC SALTS
AB The synthesis of 3,6-bis(3-azido-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (3) (BATTz) is described. The physical and explosive sensitivity properties of this material were determined. The heat of formation was measured to be 1376kJ/mol by combustion calorimetry. Additionally, X-ray crystallography confirmed the structure of this high-nitrogen primary explosive.
C1 [Chavez, David E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, High Explos Sci & Technol DE 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Gilardi, Richard D.] Naval Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, High Explos Sci & Technol DE 1, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dechavez@lanl.gov
FU DoD/DOE Joint Munitions Technology Development Program.
FX This work was supported by the DoD/DOE Joint Munitions Technology
Development Program. The author also thanks Dennis Montoya for the
sensitivity analysis, Lloyd Davis for the thermal analysis, and
Stephanie Hagelberg for the elemental analyses. The Los Alamos National
Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the
DOE/NNSA.
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0737-0652
J9 J ENERG MATER
JI J. Energ. Mater.
PY 2009
VL 27
IS 2
BP 110
EP 117
AR PII 908115422
DI 10.1080/07370650802405224
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 397FF
UT WOS:000262647500003
ER
PT J
AU Madden, AS
Palumbo, AV
Ravel, B
Vishnivetskaya, TA
Phelps, TJ
Schadt, CW
Brandt, CC
AF Madden, Andrew S.
Palumbo, Anthony V.
Ravel, Bruce
Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.
Phelps, Tommy J.
Schadt, Christopher W.
Brandt, Craig C.
TI Donor-dependent Extent of Uranium Reduction for Bioremediation of
Contaminated Sediment Microcosms
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROBIAL U(VI) REDUCTION; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM;
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SP-NOV.; NITRATE; SORPTION; AQUIFER; BIOREDUCTION;
GROUNDWATER
AB Bioremediation of uranium was investigated in microcosm experiments containing contaminated sediments from Oak Ridge, Tennessee to explore the importance of electron donor selection for uranium reduction rate and extent. In these experiments, all of the electron donors, including ethanol, glucose, methanol, and methanol with added humic acids, stimulated the reduction and immobilization of aqueous uranium by the indigenous microbial community. Uranium loss from solution began after the completion of nitrate reduction but essentially concurrent with sulfate reduction. When electron donor concentrations were normalized for their equivalent electron donor potential yield, the rates of uranium reduction were nearly equivalent for all treatments (0.55-0.95 mu mol L(-1) d(-1)). Uranium reduction with methanol proceeded after a 15-d longer tag time relative to that of ethanol or glucose. Significant differences were not found With the inclusion of humic acids. The extent of U reduction in sediment slurries measured by XANES at various time periods after the start of the experiment increased in the order of ethanol (5-7% reduced at 77 and 153 d), glucose (49% reduced at 53 d), and methanol (93% reduced at 90 d). The microbial diversity of ethanol- and methanol-amended microcosms in their late stage of U reduction was analyzed with 16S rRNA gene amplification. Members of the Geobacteraceae were found in all microcosms as well as other potential uranium-reducing organisms, such as Clostridium and Desulfosporosinus. The effectiveness of methanol relative to ethanol at reducing aqueous and sediment-hosted uranium suggests that bioremediation strategies that encourage fermentative poising of the subsurface to a lower redox potential may be more effective for long-tern) uranium immobilization as compared with selecting an electron donor that is efficiently metabolized by known uranium-reducing microorganisms.
C1 [Madden, Andrew S.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.; Phelps, Tommy J.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Brandt, Craig C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Ravel, Bruce] Argonne Natl Lab, Mol Environm Sci Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Palumbo, AV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM palumboav@ornl.gov
RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011; Schadt,
Christopher/B-7143-2008; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/A-4488-2008
OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Schadt,
Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Vishnivetskaya,
Tatiana/0000-0002-0660-023X
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Lisa Fagan and Meghan McNeilly prepared and sampled microcosm
experiments. We thank ORFRC staff members for providing sediment and
humic materials. Kenneth Lowe and Jana Tarver assisted with anion
measurements. Shelly Kelly, Deric Learman, Nick Wigginton, and Julie
Olmsted Cross assisted with XANES measurements. Susan Carroll assisted
with gas chromatography. This research was funded by the U.S. Department
of Energy's Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research,
Environmental Remediation Sciences Program. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. MRCAT operations are supported
by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. PNC/XOR
facilities at the Advanced Photon Source and research at these
facilities are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy-Basic Energy
Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of
Washington, Simon Fraser University, the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon
Source is also supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 57
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 1
BP 53
EP 60
DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0071
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 394WJ
UT WOS:000262483500008
PM 19141795
ER
PT J
AU Cook, LL
McGonigle, TR
Inouye, RS
AF Cook, Lawrence L.
McGonigle, Terence R.
Inouye, Richard S.
TI Titanium as an Indicator of Residual Soil on Arid-Land Plants
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENT; SOUTHERN IDAHO; VEGETATION; INGESTION; DESERT;
NUTRIENT; SAMPLES; TISSUE
AB Titanium (Ti) has been suggested as a soil contamination indicator for plant samples slated for trace element analysis because it is abundant in soil but not in plants. Based on results from our survey of regional soils and plants for cesium (Cs), we sought to confirm Ti as a valid soil contamination indicator reasoning that there are three sources of Ti associated with plant samples: (i) contamination during laboratory processing, (ii) vascular uptake via roots, and (iii) field soil residue on shoot surfaces. Our experiments showed that: (i) milling increased Ti by 4 mg.kg(-1), and Ti in reagents and on labware added another 5 to 6 mg.kg(-1); (ii) Ti in Crepis acuminata seedling shoots attributable to root uptake averaged 5 mg-kg(-1); (iii) soil-dusted seedlings showed elevenfold and eightfold increases in Ti and Cs, respectively. Further, investigation of shoot washing methods determined that (iv) none of seven washing agents removed all soil from any of two to seven plant species, and (v) Artemisia tridentata and Phlox boodii specimens washed with water retained particles and displayed elemental signatures consistent with adhering soil. We conclude that Ti is a valid soil contamination indicator for arid-land plant samples, and that trace, soil-borne analytes measured in samples where Ti values are high and, hence, soil contaminated, Should be described as plant associated. Furthermore, we give guidance on minimizing Ti contamination of samples during laboratory processing and on use of Ti together with washing to minimize yet gauge soil contamination during trace element analysis.
C1 [Cook, Lawrence L.; McGonigle, Terence R.; Inouye, Richard S.] Idaho State Univ, Ctr Ecol Res & Educ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Cook, Lawrence L.; McGonigle, Terence R.; Inouye, Richard S.] Idaho State Univ, Dep Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Cook, LL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab Res Ctr, Ident Sci LLC, 2351 N Blvd,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM cooklawr@yahoo.com
OI Inouye, Richard/0000-0002-2759-3390
FU ISU Dep. of Biological Sci.; Inland Northwest Res. Alliance; ISU
Graduate Student Res.; Scholarship Committee; Bechtel Educational
Outreach Program; Idaho NSF EPSCoR project; Natl. Sci. Foundation IR/D
Program
FX We thank P. Cook, T Perkins, and P. Battiprolu for assistance in sample
collection and processing. We are grateful to J. Taylor and Dr. R.
Smith, Univ. of Idaho in Idaho Falls, for use of facilities and advice
for ICP-MS analysis. Discussions with Dr. P.K. Link regarding the
cementing action of CaCO3 were helpful and appreciated. Crepis acuminata
seeds were provided by T Meyer, Great Basin Native Plant Selection and
Increase Project, Great Basin Res. Center, Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources, 494 West 100 South, Ephraim, UT 84627. Scanning electron
micrographs and EDS results were produced by M. Sellers, Northern
Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ. Funding for this project was provided by
the ISU Dep. of Biological Sci., the Inland Northwest Res. Alliance, the
ISU Graduate Student Res. and Scholarship Committee, a Bechtel
Educational Outreach Program grant awarded to RSI, the Idaho NSF EPSCoR
project, Sigma Xi, and the Natl. Sci. Foundation IR/D Program. Any
opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the Nad. Sci. Foundation.
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 16
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 1
BP 188
EP 199
DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0034
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 394WJ
UT WOS:000262483500022
PM 19141809
ER
PT J
AU Robison, WL
Brown, PH
Stone, EL
Hamilton, TF
Conrado, CL
Kehl, S
AF Robison, William L.
Brown, Patrick H.
Stone, Earl L.
Hamilton, Terry F.
Conrado, Cynthia L.
Kehl, Steven
TI Distribution and ratios of Cs-137 and K in control and K-treated coconut
trees at Bikini Island where nuclear test fallout occurred: effects and
implications
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Trees; Potassium transport; Cs-137 transport; Uptake;
Compartment-distribution; Internal K control; K channel; K transporters
ID CESIUM UPTAKE; POTASSIUM; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANTS; TRANSPORTER; NITROGEN;
PHOSPHORUS; ABSORPTION; MECHANISMS; GROWTH
AB Coconut trees growing on atolls of the Bikini Islands are on the margin of K deficiency because the concentration of exchangeable K in coral soil is very low, ranging from only 20 to 80 mg kg(-1). When provided with additional K, coconut trees absorb large quantities of K and this uptake of K significantly alters the patterns of distribution of Cs-137 Within the plant. Following a single K fertilization event, mean total K in trunks of K-treated trees is 5.6 times greater than in trunks of control trees. In contrast, Cs-137 concentration in trunks of K-treated and control trees is statistically the same while Cs-137 is significantly lower in edible fruits of K-treated trees. Within one year after fertilization (one rainy season), K concentration in soil is back to naturally low concentrations. However, the tissue concentrations of K in treated trees stays very high internally in the trees for years while Cs-137 concentration in treated trees remains very low in all tree compartments except for the trunk. Potassium fertilization did not change soil Cs availability.
Mass balance calculations suggest that the fertilization event increased above ground plant K content by at least a factor of 5 (2.2 kg). Potassium concentrations and content were higher in all organs of K-fertilized trees with the greatest increases seen in organs that receive a portion of tissue K through xylem transport (trunk, fronds and fruit husks) and lowest in organs supplied predominantly with K via the phloem (palm heart, spathe, coco meat and fluid).
The (137)Cesium concentrations and contents were dramatically lower in all organs of K-treated trees with greatest proportional reductions observed in organs supplied predominantly with K via the phloem (palm heart, spathe, coco meat and fluid). All trees remobilize both K and Cs-137 from fronds as they proceed toward senescence. In control trees the reduction in concentration of K and Cs-137 in fronds as they age is logarithmic, but K rernobilization is linear in K-treated trees where K concentration is high. As a result of K treatment the Cs-137 concentration in K-treated fronds is extremely low and constant with frond age. Fronds of K-treated trees contain a greater amount of K than control tree fronds. As they fall to the ground and decay they provide a small continuing pool of K that is about 3% of the natural K in soil under the tree canopy.
Results of K and Cs-137 concentration and distribution in control and K-treated coconut trees suggest that the application of K reduces Cs-137 uptake both in the short term immediately following K fertilization and in the long term, after soil K levels have returned to normal but while plant K stores remain high. These results suggest that high internal K concentration and not high soil K is primarily responsible for longterm reduction of Cs-137 in edible fruits, play a significant role in limiting further uptake of Cs-137 by roots, and affects allocation of Cs-137 to edible fruits for years. Coconut trees are capable of luxury K accumulation when provided with excess K and in this example the additional K can effectively provide the K requirements of the plant for in excess of 10 y. The reduction of Cs-137 uptake lasts for at least 10 y after K is last applied and greatly reduces the estimated radiation dose to people consuming local tree foods. Effectiveness and duration of K treatment provide important assurances that reduction in Cs-137 is long term and the radiation dose from consuming local plant foods will remain low. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Robison, William L.; Hamilton, Terry F.; Conrado, Cynthia L.; Kehl, Steven] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Brown, Patrick H.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Plant Sci, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Stone, Earl L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Robison, WL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-642, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM robisonl@llnl.gov
RI Brown, Patrick/E-4085-2012
OI Brown, Patrick/0000-0001-6857-8608
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[W-7405-Eng-48]; [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under Contract
W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0265-931X
J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV
JI J. Environ. Radioact.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 100
IS 1
BP 76
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.10.016
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 400QJ
UT WOS:000262883100011
PM 19064306
ER
PT J
AU Barry, RC
Lin, YH
Wang, J
Liu, GD
Timchalk, CA
AF Barry, Richard C.
Lin, Yuehe
Wang, Jun
Liu, Guodong
Timchalk, Charles A.
TI Nanotechnology-based electrochemical sensors for biomonitoring chemical
exposures
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE biomonitoring; dosimetry; electrochemical sensors; exposure assessment
ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDE CHLORPYRIFOS; MICROCHIP
CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; CARBON NANOTUBES; NERVE AGENTS; GOLD
NANOPARTICLES; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID;
SALIVARY CHOLINESTERASE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN
AB The coupling of dosimetry measurements and modeling represents a promising strategy for deciphering the relationship between chemical exposure and disease outcome. To support the development and implementation of biological monitoring programs, quantitative technologies for measuring xenobiotic exposure are needed. The development of portable nanotechnology-based electrochemical (EC) sensors has the potential to meet the needs for low cost, rapid, high-throughput, and ultrasensitive detectors for biomonitoring an array of chemical markers. Highly selective EC sensors capable of pM sensitivity, high-throughput and low sample requirements (< 50 mu l) are discussed. These portable analytical systems have many advantages over currently available technologies, thus potentially representing the next generation of biomonitoring analyzers. This paper highlights research focused on the development of field-deployable analytical instruments based on EC detection. Background information and a general overview of EC detection methods and integrated use of nanomaterials in the development of these sensors are provided. New developments in EC sensors using various types of screen-printed electrodes, integrated nanomaterials, and immunoassays are presented. Recent applications of EC sensors for assessing exposure to pesticides or detecting biomarkers of disease are highlighted to demonstrate the ability to monitor chemical metabolites, enzyme activity, or protein biomarkers of disease. In addition, future considerations and opportunities for advancing the use of EC platforms for dosimetric studies are discussed.
C1 [Barry, Richard C.; Timchalk, Charles A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Lin, Yuehe; Wang, Jun; Liu, Guodong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial & Nanoscale Sci Facil, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Liu, Guodong] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Mol Biol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Timchalk, CA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, MSIN P7-59,902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM charles.timchalk@pnl.gov
RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011
OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587
FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); National Institutes of
Health CounterACT Program through the National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke [NS058161-01]; CDC/NIOSH [R01 OH008173]; National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [U54 ES16015]; NIH;
DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work was performed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
supported partially by grant number NS058161-01 from the National
Institutes of Health CounterACT Program through the National Institute
of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, partially by CDC/NIOSH Grant R01
OH008173, and partially by grant number U54 ES16015 from the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. The contents of
this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the official views of the Federal Government. The
research described in this paper was partly performed at the
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for DOE under
Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 125
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 34
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 1
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1038/jes.2008.71
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 384YF
UT WOS:000261779400001
PM 19018275
ER
PT J
AU McKone, TE
Ryan, PB
Ozkaynak, H
AF McKone, Thomas E.
Ryan, P. Barry
Oezkaynak, Haluk
TI Exposure information in environmental health research: Current
opportunities and future directions for particulate matter, ozone, and
toxic air pollutants
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE health tracking; air pollution epidemiology; risk assessment;
accountability; exposure classification
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBON; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA COMMUNITIES; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE;
HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; LOS-ANGELES RESIDENTS; PERSONAL EXPOSURE;
NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; AMBIENT AIR; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
AB Understanding and quantifying outdoor and indoor sources of human exposure are essential but often not adequately addressed in health effect studies for air pollution. Air pollution epidemiology, risk assessment, health tracking, and accountability assessments are examples of health effect studies that require but often lack adequate exposure information. Recent advances in exposure modeling along with better information on time-activity and exposure factor data provide us with unique opportunities to improve the assignment of exposures for both future and ongoing studies linking air pollution to health impacts. In September 2006, scientists from the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention along with scientists from the academic community and state health departments convened a symposium on air pollution exposure and health to identify, evaluate, and improve current approaches for linking air pollution exposures to disease. This manuscript presents the key issues, challenges, and recommendations identified by the exposure working group, who used case studies of particulate matter, ozone, and toxic air-pollutant exposure to evaluate health effects for air pollution. One of the overarching lessons of this workshop is that obtaining better exposure information for these different health effect studies requires both goal setting for what is needed and mapping out the transition pathway from current capabilities for meeting these goals. Meeting our long-term goals requires definition of incremental steps that provide useful information for the interim and move us toward our long-term goals. Another overarching theme among the three different pollutants and the different health study approaches is the need for integration among alternate exposure-assessment approaches. For example, different groups may advocate exposure indicators, biomonitoring, mapping methods (GIS), modeling, environmental media monitoring, and/or personal exposure modeling. However, emerging research reveals that the greatest progress comes from integration among two or more of these efforts.
C1 [McKone, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA.
[Ryan, P. Barry] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP McKone, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail stop 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA.
EM temckone@lbl.gov
RI Ryan, P. Barry/A-7662-2009
FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development [EP06D000722]; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory through the US Department of Energy [DW-89-93058201-1,
DE-AC0205CH11231]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
[U19/EH000097-03]
FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the
research described here under contract no. EP06D000722 to Dr. P. Barry
Ryan and through Interagency Agreement DW-89-93058201-1 with Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory through the US Department of Energy under
Contract Grant no. DE-AC0205CH11231. It has been subjected to Agency
review and approved for publication. This work was also supported by
Cooperative Agreement number U19/EH000097-03 from the US Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
NR 89
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 5
U2 20
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
EI 1559-064X
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 1
BP 30
EP 44
DI 10.1038/jes.2008.3
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 384YF
UT WOS:000261779400003
PM 18385670
ER
PT J
AU van der Sluijs, MA
Peratt, AL
AF van der Sluijs, Marinus Anthony
Peratt, Anthony L.
TI The Ouroboros as an Auroral Phenomenon
SO JOURNAL OF FOLKLORE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID SPACE
AB This article traces the spread and development of the motif of the ouroboros, or circular serpent, and proposes that it originated in descriptions of an intense aurora. The earliest artistic examples Of the ouroboros date to +/- 5000- +/- 3000 BCE. The theme proliferated in Egypt and spread to the classical world during the Hellenistic period. In the earliest traditions, emphasis was on the ouroboros' associations with the sun god, the creation of the world, the circular ocean, darkness Or underworld thought to surround the earth, and a mythical combat. From late antiquity onwards, the ouroboros acquired more sophisticated meanings, including a link With the ecliptic band or the zodiac, the lunar nodes, the alchemical process, and eternity. In China, the ouroboros largely remained a purely decorative motif, while its most common role in the equatorial regions of America, Africa and Oceania was as a form of the cosmic ocean.
In reviewing hypotheses concerning the origin of the motif, we consider the antiquity of the theme, its near-universality, its geographic link with the outermost boundary of the visible world, and aspects of the dragon's prosopography-such as its precious orb, its filamentation, its twin aspect, and its radiant color scheme. It is proposed that the archetype was inspired by a surge of intense auroral phenomena including a plasma instability type known as a diocotron instability, witnessed by human beings towards the end of the Neolithic period.
C1 [van der Sluijs, Marinus Anthony; Peratt, Anthony L.] Univ Penn, Museum Archaeol & Anthropol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Peratt, Anthony L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP van der Sluijs, MA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Museum Archaeol & Anthropol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM mythopedia@hotmail.com; alp@ieeetps.org
NR 158
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU INDIANA UNIV PRESS
PI BLOOMINGTON
PA 601 N MORTON ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404 USA
SN 0737-7037
J9 J FOLKLORE RES
JI J. Folk. Res.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 1
BP 3
EP 41
PG 39
WC Folklore
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA 462XP
UT WOS:000267392200002
ER
PT J
AU Mernild, SH
Hasholt, B
AF Mernild, Sebastian H.
Hasholt, Bent
TI Observed runoff, jokulhlaups and suspended sediment load from the
Greenland ice sheet at Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland, 2007 and 2008
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MELT
AB This study fills the gap in hydrologic measurements of runoff exiting a part of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS), the Kangerlussuaq drainage area, West Greenland. The observations are of value for obtaining knowledge about the terrestrial freshwater and sediment output from part of the GrIS and the strip of land between the ice sheet and the ocean, in the context of varying ice-sheet surface melt and influx entering the ocean. High-resolution stage, discharge and suspended sediment load show a decrease in runoff of similar to 25% and in sediment load of similar to 40% from 2007 to 2008 in response to a decrease in the summer accumulated number of positive degree-days. During the 2007 and 2008 runoff seasons, jokulhlaups were observed at Kangerlussuaq, drained from an ice-dammed lake at the margin of the GrIS.
C1 [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Mernild, Sebastian H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hasholt, Bent] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geog & Geol, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Mernild, SH (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, POB 750292-0292, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM mernild@lanl.gov
FU KVUG (Kommissionen for videnskabelige undersogelser i Gronland) project
CRIK (Climatic Record in Kangerlussuaq) [272-07-0645, 2138-08-0003];
University of Alaska Presidential IPY (International Polar Year)
Postdoctoral Foundation
FX We thank two reviewers for insightful comments. This project is
supported partly by grants from the KVUG (Kommissionen for
videnskabelige undersogelser i Gronland) project CRIK (Climatic Record
in Kangerlussuaq) (grant No. 272-07-0645), partly from KVUG (grant No.
2138-08-0003) and partly from the University of Alaska Presidential IPY
(International Polar Year) Postdoctoral Foundation. The work was
conducted during the first author's IPY Presidential Postdoctoral
Program at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.
NR 9
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 10
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 193
BP 855
EP 858
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 544RH
UT WOS:000273676200013
ER
PT J
AU Schievano, S
Kunzelman, K
Nicosia, MA
Cochran, RP
Einstein, DR
Khambadkone, S
Bonhoeffer, P
AF Schievano, Silvia
Kunzelman, Karyn
Nicosia, Mark A.
Cochran, Richard P.
Einstein, Daniel R.
Khambadkone, Sachin
Bonhoeffer, Philipp
TI Percutaneous Mitral Valve Dilatation: Single Balloon versus Double
Balloon. A Finite Element Study
SO JOURNAL OF HEART VALVE DISEASE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Biennial Meeting of the Society-for-Heart-Valve-Disease
CY JUN 15-18, 2007
CL New York, NY
SP Soc Heart Valve Dis
ID MULTI-TRACK SYSTEM; INOUE BALLOON; SHORT-TERM; VALVULOPLASTY; VALVOTOMY;
CATHETER; COMMISSUROTOMY; IMMEDIATE; STENOSIS
AB Background and aim of the study: Percutaneous mitral valve (MV) dilatation is routinely performed for mitral stenosis using either a single balloon (SB) or double balloon (DB) technique. The study aim was to compare the two techniques using the finite element (FE) method.
Methods: An established FE model of the MV was modified by fusing MV leaflet edges at commissure level to simulate a stenotic valve (orifice area = 180 mm(2)). FE models of a 30 mm SB (low-pressure, elastomeric balloon) and an 18 mm DB system (high-pressure, non-elastic balloon) were created.
Results: Both, SB and DB simulations, resulted in the splitting of commissures and consequent relief of stenosis (final MV areas of 610 mm(2) and 560 mm(2), respectively). Stresses induced by the two balloon systems varied across the valve. At full inflation, SB showed a higher stress in the central part of the leaflets and at the commissures compared to DB simulation, which demonstrated a more uniform stress distribution. This was due to mismatch of the round shape of the SB within an oval mitral orifice. Due to its high compliance, commissural splitting was not easily accomplished with the SB. Conversely, the DB guaranteed commissural splitting, even when a high force was required to break the commissure welds.
Conclusion: The FE model demonstrated that MV dilatation can be accomplished by both SB and DB techniques. However, the DB method resulted in a higher probability of splitting the fused commissures, with less potential for damage to the MV leaflets by overstretching, even at higher pressures.
C1 [Schievano, Silvia] UCL Inst Child Hlth, Cardiothorac Unit, London WC1N 3JH, England.
[Schievano, Silvia; Khambadkone, Sachin; Bonhoeffer, Philipp] Great Ormond St Hosp Sick Children, London WC1N 3JH, England.
[Kunzelman, Karyn; Cochran, Richard P.] Cent Maine Heart & Vasc Inst, Lewiston, ME USA.
[Kunzelman, Karyn; Cochran, Richard P.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA.
[Nicosia, Mark A.] Widener Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Chester, PA 19013 USA.
[Einstein, Daniel R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Olympia, WA USA.
RP Schievano, S (reprint author), UCL Inst Child Hlth, Cardiothorac Unit, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, England.
EM s.schievano@ich.ucl.ac.uk
RI Schievano, Silvia/B-6803-2009
NR 27
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU I C R PUBLISHERS
PI NORTHWOOD
PA CRISPIN HOUSE, 12/A SOUTH APPROACH, MOOR PARK, NORTHWOOD HA6 2ET,
ENGLAND
SN 0966-8519
J9 J HEART VALVE DIS
JI J. Heart Valve Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 1
BP 28
EP 34
PG 7
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 414HK
UT WOS:000263854300005
PM 19301550
ER
PT J
AU Lau, D
Sinha, M
Zhang, Y
Shudo, E
Perelson, A
Luxon, B
Lemon, S
Saito, T
Gale, M
AF Lau, D.
Sinha, M.
Zhang, Y.
Shudo, E.
Perelson, A.
Luxon, B.
Lemon, S.
Saito, T.
Gale, M., Jr.
TI PATTERNS OF INTERFERON-INDUCED GENES IN LIVER AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD
MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) DURING THE FIRST 24 HOUR (PHASE 1) TREATMENT
IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 PATIENTS
SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 44th Annual Meeting of the
European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver
CY APR 22-26, 2009
CL Copenhagen, DENMARK
SP European Assoc Study Liver
C1 [Lau, D.; Zhang, Y.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
[Sinha, M.; Luxon, B.; Lemon, S.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA.
[Shudo, E.; Perelson, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Saito, T.; Gale, M., Jr.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM dlau@bidmc.harvard.edu
RI Luxon, Bruce/C-9140-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-8278
J9 J HEPATOL
JI J. Hepatol.
PY 2009
VL 50
MA 84
BP S34
EP S35
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 450EV
UT WOS:000266384700085
ER
PT J
AU Chavez, DE
Parrish, DA
AF Chavez, David E.
Parrish, Damon A.
TI New Heterocycles from Tetrazines and Oxadiazoles
SO JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROGEN-RICH SALTS; SUBSTITUTED TETRAZINES
AB The reactivity of 3,4-diamino-1,2,5-oxadiazole (2) toward nucleophilic substitution of 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (1) was studied. A new class of high nitrogen heterocyclic systems was prepared. It was determined that 3,4-diamino-1,2.5-oxadiazole did not display the required nucleophilicity to be reactive. However, the anion of 3,4-diamino-1,2,5-oxadiazole, prepared by treatment with strong base, was sufficiently reactive to act as a nucleophile.
C1 [Chavez, David E.; Parrish, Damon A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, High Explos Sci & Technol DE 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, High Explos Sci & Technol DE 1, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dechavez@lanl.gov
FU Joint DOD/DOE munitions technology development program; National Science
Foundation/Department of Energy [CHE-0535644]; US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank the Joint DOD/DOE munitions technology development
program for financial support. They also thank Stephanie Hagelberg and
Gabriel Avilucea for analytical services. ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is
principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of
Energy under grant number CHE-0535644. The use of the Advanced Photon
Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-152X
J9 J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM
JI J. Heterocycl. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 1
BP 88
EP 90
DI 10.1002/jhet.7
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 421HI
UT WOS:000264349600017
ER
PT J
AU Amigo, SD
Blechman, AE
Fox, PJ
Poppitz, E
AF Amigo, Santiago De Lope
Blechman, Andrew E.
Fox, Patrick J.
Poppitz, Erich
TI R-symmetric gauge mediation
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Supersymmetry Breaking; Supersymmetric Standard Model; Supersymmetric
Effective Theories
ID SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; MODELS
AB We present a version of Gauge Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking which preserves an R-symmetry - the gauginos are Dirac particles, the A-terms are zero, and there are four Higgs doublets. This offers an alternative way for gauginos to acquire mass in the supersymmetry-breaking models of Intriligator, Seiberg, and Shih. We investigate the possibility of using R-symmetric gauge mediation to realize the spectrum and large sfermion mixing of the model of Kribs, Poppitz, and Weiner.
C1 [Amigo, Santiago De Lope; Blechman, Andrew E.; Poppitz, Erich] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Fox, Patrick J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Amigo, SD (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
EM slamigo@physics.utoronto.ca; blechman@physics.utoronto.ca;
pjfox@fnal.gov; poppitz@physics.utoronto.ca
FU National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
United States Department of Energy [DEAC02-07CH11359]
FX PF and EP thank the KITP Santa Barbara and the Aspen Center for Physics
for hospitality during completion of this work. We thank Graham Kribs,
Markus Luty, Tim Tait, Martin Schmaltz, and Yuri Shirman for
discussions, and Martin Schmaltz for suggesting a title. SA acknowledges
the support of the Direccion General de Relaciones Internacionales de la
Secretarfa de Educacion Ptiblica (DGRI-SEP) of Mexico. SA, AB, and EP
acknowledge support of the National Science and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC) of Canada. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research
Alliance, LLC, under Contract DEAC02-07CH11359 with the United States
Department of Energy.
NR 33
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
IS 1
AR 018
PG 25
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 438TN
UT WOS:000265578400018
ER
PT J
AU Domingo, F
Ellwanger, U
Fullana, E
Hugonie, C
Sanchis-Lozano, MA
AF Domingo, Florian
Ellwanger, Ulrich
Fullana, Esteban
Hugonie, Cyril
Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel
TI Radiative Gamma decays and a light pseudoscalar Higgs in the NMSSM
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Higgs Physics; B-Physics; Supersymmetric Standard Model
ID LARGE TAN-BETA; PHYSICS; BOSON; WEAK; SUPERGRAVITY; MASSES; MODEL;
BOTTOMONIUM; QUARKONIUM; BREAKING
AB We study possible effects of a light CP-odd Higgs boson on radiative Gamma decays in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Recent constraints from CLEO on radiative Gamma(1S) decays are translated into constraints on the parameter space of CP-odd Higgs boson masses and couplings, and compared to constraints from B physics and the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Possible Higgs-eta(b)(nS) mixing effects are discussed, notably in the light of the recent measurement of the eta(b)(1S) mass by Babar: The somewhat large Gamma(IS) - eta(b)(1S) hyperfine splitting could easily be explained by the presence of a CP-odd Higgs boson with a mass in the range 9.4 - 10.5 GeV. Then, tests of lepton universality in inclusive radiative Gamma decays can provide a visible signal in forthcoming experimental data.
C1 [Domingo, Florian; Ellwanger, Ulrich] Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Fullana, Esteban] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Hugonie, Cyril] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
[Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, E-46100 Valencia, Spain.
[Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain.
RP Domingo, F (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, Campus Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
EM florian.domingo@th.u-psud.fr; ulrich.ellwanger@th.u-psud.fr;
Esteban.Fullana@ific.uv.es; cyril.hugonie@lpta.univ-montp2.fr;
Miguel.Angel.Sanchis@uv.es
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics
[DE-AC0206CH11357]; [FPA2005-01678]; [FPA2008-02878]
FX F.D. and U.E. gratefully acknowledge discussions with E. Kou. This work
was supported in part by the research grants FPA2005-01678 and
FPA2008-02878, and in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of
High Energy Physics, under Contract DE-AC0206CH11357. M.-A.S.-L. thanks
MICINN for partial support.
NR 77
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
IS 1
AR 061
PG 24
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 438TN
UT WOS:000265578400061
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, RK
Giele, WT
Kunszt, Z
Melnikov, K
Zanderighi, G
AF Ellis, R. Keith
Giele, W. T.
Kunszt, Zoltan
Melnikov, Kirill
Zanderighi, Giulia
TI One-loop amplitudes for W+3 jet production in hadron collisions
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE NLO Computations; Jets; QCD; Standard Model
ID SCALAR INTEGRALS; QCD; COMPUTATION; UNITARITY; MOMENTUM; DIAGRAMS;
GLUONS; LEVEL; TREE
AB We employ the recently developed method of generalized D-dimensional unitarity to compute one-loop virtual corrections to all scattering amplitudes relevant for the production of a W boson in association with three jets in hadronic collisions, treating all quarks as massless.
C1 [Ellis, R. Keith; Giele, W. T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Kunszt, Zoltan] ETH, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Melnikov, Kirill] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Zanderighi, Giulia] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford, England.
RP Ellis, RK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM ellis@fnal.gov; giele@fnal.gov; kunszt@itp.phys.ethz.ch;
kirill@phys.hawaii.edu; g.zanderighi1@physics.ox.ac.uk
RI Kunszt, Zoltan/G-3420-2013
NR 48
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
IS 1
AR 012
PG 23
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 438TN
UT WOS:000265578400012
ER
PT J
AU Quirk, MD
AF Quirk, Mihaela D.
TI Nuclear Safeguards, Security and Nonproliferation: Achieving Security
with Technology and Policy
SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Quirk, Mihaela D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Quirk, MD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM pal@lanl.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA
SN 1547-7355
J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG
JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 1
AR 29
PG 3
WC Public Administration
SC Public Administration
GA 440GS
UT WOS:000265689400010
ER
PT J
AU Quirk, MD
AF Quirk, Mihaela D.
TI Sharpening Strategic Intelligence: Why the CIA Gets It Wrong and What
Needs to Be Done to Get It Right
SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Quirk, Mihaela D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Quirk, MD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM pal@lanl.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 2194-6361
EI 1547-7355
J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG
JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 1
AR 17
PG 3
WC Public Administration
SC Public Administration
GA 440GS
UT WOS:000265689400007
ER
PT J
AU Wigmosta, MS
Lane, LJ
Tagestad, JD
Coleman, AM
AF Wigmosta, Mark S.
Lane, Leonard J.
Tagestad, Jerry D.
Coleman, Andre M.
TI Hydrologic and Erosion Models to Assess Land Use and Management
Practices Affecting Soil Erosion
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID HILLSLOPE EROSION; INFILTRATION; PREDICTION; RUNOFF; FLOW; SIMULATION;
RANGELANDS; FROZEN
AB We developed a new, coupled, hydrologic-erosion model and a targeted field data-collection program to quantify hillslope soil erosion rates and sediment yield in semiarid regions. While the methodology has a wide range of actual and potential applications, we use military training activities as an example. The methodology is applied at the Yakima Training Center (YTC) in south central Washington, USA where most erosion and transport occurs during extreme events of short duration, often associated with rapid rain-induced snowmelt on frozen soil. The distributed hydrologic and soil erosion modeling system is used to simulate continuous water balance and soil thermal state throughout all seasons of the year. We estimated surface runoff and sediment yield for relatively undisturbed areas as well as from roads, firebreaks, and vehicle tracks associated with training activities at the study site. Field data were collected on over 100 hillslope profile transects across the YTC to parameterize, test, and evaluate the linked modeling system. We successfully validated the modeling system against several databases, upland sediment delivery to stream networks, and measured sediment yield from 12 sedimentation ponds within the YTC. The simulation results are superior to those from a currently used model, which help to illustrate applicability of the presented erosion prediction technology.
C1 [Wigmosta, Mark S.; Tagestad, Jerry D.; Coleman, Andre M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Lane, Leonard J.] LJ Lane Consulting Inc, Oro Valley, AZ 85704 USA.
RP Wigmosta, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mark.wigmosta@pnl.gov
FU U. S. Department of Defense, Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program (SERDP) [SI-1340]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the U. S. Department
of Defense, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
(SERDP), Project SI-1340.
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 8
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 14
IS 1
BP 27
EP 41
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2009)14:1(27)
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 403WF
UT WOS:000263112000003
ER
PT J
AU Tarantino-Hutchison, LM
Sorrentino, C
Nadas, A
Zhu, YW
Rubin, EM
Tinkle, SS
Weston, A
Gordon, T
AF Tarantino-Hutchison, Lauren M.
Sorrentino, Claudio
Nadas, Arthur
Zhu, Yiwen
Rubin, Edward M.
Tinkle, Sally S.
Weston, Ainsley
Gordon, Terry
TI Genetic determinants of sensitivity to beryllium in mice
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Beryllium; chronic beryllium disease; mouse model
ID MURINE STRAIN DIFFERENCES; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; MHC-CLASS-II;
AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; DISEASE; SENSITIZATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ANTIGEN;
EXPOSURE; EPITOPES
AB Chronic beryllium disease (CBD), an irreversible, debilitating granulomatous lung disease is caused by exposure to beryllium. This occupational hazard occurs in primary production and machining of Be-metal, BeO, beryllium containing alloys, and other beryllium products. CBD begins as an MHC Class II-restricted, T(H)1 hypersensitivity, and the Human Leukocyte Antigen, HLA-DPB1E(69), is associated with risk of developing CBD. Because inbred strains of mice have not provided good models of CBD to date, three strains of HLA-DPB1 transgenic mice in an FVB/N background were developed; each contains a single allele of HLA-DPB1 that confers a different magnitude of risk for chronic beryllium disease: HLA-DPB1*0401 (OR approximate to 0.2), HLA-DPB1*0201 (OR approximate to 3), and HLA-DPB1*1701 (OR approximate to 46). The mouse ear swelling test ( MEST) was employed to determine if these different alleles would support a hypersensitivity response to beryllium. Mice were first sensitized on the back and subsequently challenged on the ear. In separate experiments, mice were placed into one of three groups (sensitization/challenge): C/C, C/Be, and Be/Be. In the HLA-DPB1*1701 mice, the strain with the highest risk transgene, the Be/Be group was the only group that displayed significant maximum increased ear thickness of 19.6% +/- 3.0% over the baseline measurement (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the other transgenic strains for any treatment condition. In addition, inter-strain differences in response to beryllium in seven inbred strains were investigated through use of the MEST, these included: FVB/N, AKR, Balb/c, C3H/HeJ, C57/BL6, DBA/2, and SJL/J. The FVB/N strain was least responsive, while the SJL/J and C57/BL6 strains were the highest responders. Our results suggest that the HLA-DPB1*1701 transgene product is an important risk factor for induction of the beryllium-sensitive phenotype. This model should be a useful tool for investigating beryllium sensitization.
C1 [Tarantino-Hutchison, Lauren M.; Sorrentino, Claudio; Nadas, Arthur; Gordon, Terry] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
[Zhu, Yiwen; Rubin, Edward M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Tinkle, Sally S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Director, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Weston, Ainsley] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Gordon, T (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
EM terry.gordon@nyumc.org
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63919]; National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences [ES011473]
FX Department of Energy (DE-FG02-04ER63919); National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences (ES011473).
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1547-691X
J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL
JI J. Immunotoxicol.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 2
BP 130
EP 135
DI 10.1080/15476910902977399
PG 6
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 481HG
UT WOS:000268797800006
PM 19589099
ER
PT J
AU Mirzadeh, S
Woodward, J
Standaert, RF
Rondinone, AJ
Kennel, SJ
AF Mirzadeh, S.
Woodward, J.
Standaert, R. F.
Rondinone, A. J.
Kennel, S. J.
TI INORGANIC NANOPARTICLE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY CONJUGATES
SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Mirzadeh, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Woodward, J.; Rondinone, A. J.] ORNL, Div Chem Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Standaert, R. F.] ORNL, Div Life Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Kennel, S. J.] Univ TN, Grad Sch Med, Knoxville, TN USA.
RI Standaert, Robert/D-9467-2013; Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013
OI Standaert, Robert/0000-0002-5684-1322; Rondinone,
Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0362-4803
J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD
JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm.
PY 2009
VL 52
BP S98
EP S98
PG 1
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 480HQ
UT WOS:000268724900099
ER
PT J
AU Ponsard, B
Garland, M
Knapp, R
Mirzadeh, S
Srivastava, S
Mausner, L
AF Ponsard, B.
Garland, M.
Knapp, R.
Mirzadeh, S.
Srivastava, S.
Mausner, L.
TI PRODUCTION OF SN-117M IN THE BR2 AND HFIR RESEARCH REACTORS
SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ponsard, B.] CEN SCK, Belgian Nucl Res Ctr, BR2 Reactor, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
[Garland, M.; Knapp, R.; Mirzadeh, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Srivastava, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Radionuclide & Radiopharmaceut Res Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0362-4803
J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD
JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm.
PY 2009
VL 52
BP S240
EP S240
PG 1
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 480HQ
UT WOS:000268724900241
ER
PT J
AU Schmitt, U
Herth, M
Lee, D
Piel, M
Buchholz, H
Roesch, F
Hiemke, C
Debus, F
AF Schmitt, U.
Herth, M.
Lee, D.
Piel, M.
Buchholz, H.
Roesch, F.
Hiemke, C.
Debus, F.
TI DETERMINATION OF POSSIBLE P-GLYCOPROTEIN INTERATION OF A NOVEL 5-HT2A
LIGAND [18F] MH.MZ
SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schmitt, U.; Hiemke, C.; Debus, F.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Upton, Germany.
[Piel, M.; Roesch, F.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Nucl Chem, Upton, Germany.
[Herth, M.; Buchholz, H.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Nucl Med, Upton, Germany.
[Lee, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Piel, Markus/L-8787-2016
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0362-4803
J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD
JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm.
PY 2009
VL 52
BP S390
EP S390
PG 1
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 480HQ
UT WOS:000268724900391
ER
PT J
AU Kokubo, K
Thota, S
Wang, HL
Chiang, LY
AF Kokubo, Ken
Thota, Sammaiah
Wang, Hsing-Lin
Chiang, Long Y.
TI Structural Analysis of Novel [60]Fullerene Bisadduct Regioisomers by DFT
Calculation
SO JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fullerene functionalization; [1; 6]-addition; bisadduct; DFT
calculation; 13C-NMR spectrum pattern; Cs symmetry
AB The structural analysis of the first [60]fullerenyl 1,38-bisadduct having the almost perpendicular angle between two addends was performed based on the simulation of 13C-NMR spectral line patterns using the DFT calculation at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of the theory. Among seven closely related model regioisomers of C60(CH3)2 applied in the calculation, we confirmed that the 1,38-bisadduct and 1,4-bisadduct, being the most plausible regioisomers in a structure showing an approximate consistency of spectral line profiles, match with that of the experimentally obtained spectrum.
C1 [Kokubo, Ken; Thota, Sammaiah; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
[Kokubo, Ken] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Appl Chem, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Wang, Hsing-Lin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Phys Chem & Spect Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Kokubo, K (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
EM Ken_Kokubo@uml.edu; Long_Chiang@uml.edu
OI Kokubo, Ken/0000-0002-8776-7102
FU National Institute of Health (NIH) [1R01CA137108]
FX We thank Professor Takumi Oshima and Dr. Naohiko Ikuma (Osaka
University) for their kind support of this visiting study in UMass
Lowell. Co- authors at UML thank the financial support of National
Institute of Health (NIH) under the contract number 1R01CA137108.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1060-1325
J9 J MACROMOL SCI A
JI J. Macromol. Sci. Part A-Pure Appl. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 12
BP 1176
EP 1181
AR PII 916558389
DI 10.1080/10601320903340101
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 516TT
UT WOS:000271566600005
ER
PT J
AU Mao, K
Wiench, JW
Lin, VSY
Pruski, M
AF Mao, Kanmi
Wiench, Jerzy W.
Lin, Victor S. -Y.
Pruski, Marek
TI Indirectly detected through-bond chemical shift correlation NMR
spectroscopy in solids under fast MAS: Studies of organic-inorganic
hybrid materials
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Fast MAS; Indirect detection; J Coupling; INEPT; Mesoporous silica
ID FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SILICAS; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; STATE NMR;
SENSITIVITY ENHANCEMENT; SPECTRA; PROTON; INEPT
AB Indirectly detected, through-bond NMR correlation spectra between C-13 and H-1 nuclei are reported for the first time in solid state. The capabilities of the new method are demonstrated using naturally abundant organic-inorganic mesoporous hybrid materials. The time performance is significantly better, almost by a factor of 10, than in the corresponding C-13 detected experiment. The proposed scheme represents a new analytical tool for studying other solid-state systems and the basis for the development of more advanced 2D and 3D correlation methods. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Mao, Kanmi; Wiench, Jerzy W.; Lin, Victor S. -Y.; Pruski, Marek] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Mao, Kanmi; Lin, Victor S. -Y.; Pruski, Marek] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Pruski, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mpruski@iastate.edu
FU Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH111358];
ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Corporate Strategic Research
FX This research was supported at the Ames Laboratory by thDepartment of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH111358,
and ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Corporate Strategic Research.
NR 23
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 21
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1090-7807
EI 1096-0856
J9 J MAGN RESON
JI J. Magn. Reson.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 196
IS 1
BP 92
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.10.010
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 397RZ
UT WOS:000262681100014
PM 18955001
ER
PT J
AU Shao, YY
Liu, J
Wang, Y
Lin, YH
AF Shao, Yuyan
Liu, Jun
Wang, Yong
Lin, Yuehe
TI Novel catalyst support materials for PEM fuel cells: current status and
future prospects
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID BORON-DOPED DIAMOND; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ORDERED MESOPOROUS CARBON;
THIN-FILM ELECTRODES; OXYGEN-REDUCTION REACTION; PHASE TITANIUM-OXIDES;
METHANOL OXIDATION; TUNGSTEN CARBIDE; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; ETHANOL
ELECTROOXIDATION
AB Catalyst support materials exhibit great influence on the cost, performance, and durability of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. This feature article summarizes several important kinds of novel support materials for PEM fuel cells (including direct methanol fuel cells): nanostructured carbon materials (carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, mesoporous carbon), conductive doped diamonds and nanodiamonds, conductive oxides (tin oxide/indium tin oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide), and carbides (tungsten carbides). The advantages and disadvantages, the acting mechanism to promote electrocatalytic performance, and the strategies to improve present catalyst support materials and search for new ones are discussed. This is expected to shed light on future development of catalyst supports for PEM fuel cells.
C1 [Shao, Yuyan; Liu, Jun; Wang, Yong; Lin, Yuehe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM yuehe.lin@pnl.gov
RI Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013
OI Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587;
FU U. S. DOE-EERE Hydrogen Program [DE-AC05-76L01830]; DOE's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL).
FX This work is supported by the U. S. DOE-EERE Hydrogen Program. The
research was partly performed at the Environmental Molecular Science
Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by
DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by
Battelle for DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76L01830.
NR 224
TC 385
Z9 393
U1 25
U2 314
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 1
BP 46
EP 59
DI 10.1039/b808370c
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 406CF
UT WOS:000263271900004
ER
PT J
AU Ko, YD
Kang, JG
Choi, KJ
Park, JG
Ahn, JP
Chung, KY
Nam, KW
Yoon, WS
Kim, DW
AF Ko, Young-Dae
Kang, Jin-Gu
Choi, Kyung Jin
Park, Jae-Gwan
Ahn, Jae-Pyoung
Chung, Kyung Yoon
Nam, Kyung-Wan
Yoon, Won-Sub
Kim, Dong-Wan
TI High rate capabilities induced by multi-phasic nanodomains in
iron-substituted calcium cobaltite electrodes
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; ANODE MATERIALS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES;
NEGATIVE-ELECTRODE; LI; CO3O4; COMPOSITE; PERFORMANCE; NANOWIRES;
IMPEDANCE
AB Two-dimensional (2-D) nanoplates of iron-substituted calcium cobaltite (Ca3Co3FeO9) are synthesized through a simple citrate-gel method. The lithium electroactivity of Ca3Co3FeO9 demonstrates that this is an applicable active anode material. In this study, we focus on the reversible conversion process and internally multi-phasic, nanostructured character occurring in Ca3Co3FeO9 nanoplates. Moreover, we demonstrate that in-situ formation of active/inactive nanocomposite improves the conversion reaction kinetics by accommodating the large volume changes during lithium uptake and removal, thereby achieving outstanding rate capabilities.
C1 [Ko, Young-Dae; Kang, Jin-Gu; Choi, Kyung Jin; Park, Jae-Gwan; Kim, Dong-Wan] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Nanomat Res Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Ahn, Jae-Pyoung] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Adv Anal Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Chung, Kyung Yoon] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Battery Res Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Nam, Kyung-Wan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Yoon, Won-Sub] Kookmin Univ, Sch Adv Mat Engn, Seoul 136702, South Korea.
RP Kim, DW (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Suwon 443749, South Korea.
EM dongwan1@empal.com
RI Nam, Kyung-Wan Nam/G-9271-2011; Yoon, Won-Sub/H-2343-2011; Kim,
Dong-Wan/E-5310-2010; Nam, Kyung-Wan/B-9029-2013; Choi, Kyoung
Jin/N-4662-2013; Nam, Kyung-Wan/E-9063-2015; Choi, Kyoung
Jin/D-6941-2013; Chung, Kyung Yoon/E-4646-2011;
OI Kim, Dong-Wan/0000-0002-1635-6082; Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369;
Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Chung, Kyung
Yoon/0000-0002-1273-746X; Park, Jae-Gwan/0000-0003-4736-0540
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 10
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 13
BP 1829
EP 1835
DI 10.1039/b817120c
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 419YB
UT WOS:000264254500008
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KS
Myung, ST
Amine, K
YashiroB, H
Sun, YK
AF Lee, Ki-Soo
Myung, Seung-Taek
Amine, Khalil
YashiroB, Hitoshi
Sun, Yang-Kook
TI Dual functioned BiOF-coated Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4 for lithium
batteries
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ION SECONDARY BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL CYCLING BEHAVIOR; CATHODE
MATERIALS; TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; LIMN2O4
CATHODE; SPINEL; IMPROVEMENT; DISSOLUTION; ELECTRODE
AB Spinel-type lithium manganese oxides have shown considerable promise for the positive electrode in lithium batteries but have suffered from poor performance at high temperatures (40-60 degrees C). The electrochemical properties of BiOF-coated spinel Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4 at elevated temperatures (55 degrees C) were investigated. BiOF nanoparticles were well coated on spinel Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4, as confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The BiOF-coated spinel Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4 electrode had excellent capacity retention at 55 degrees C, maintaining its initial discharge capacity of 96.1% after 100 cycles. This improved cycling performance was ascribed to the presence of the BiOF layer on the spinel particles, which prevented the infiltration of HF generated by the decomposition of electrolytic salt, LiPF6, in the electrolyte. This property resulted in a considerable reduction of manganese dissolution of the BiOF-coated spinel Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4. Transmission electron microscopy of extensively cycled particles confirmed that the particle surface of the BiOF-coated Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4 remained almost completely undamaged, whereas pristine spinel particles were severely deteriorated. In the present paper, we have tried to understand the role of the BiOF coating layer and why such coatings resulted in better battery performances, using BiOF-coated Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4. The BiOF coating layer on the surface of Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4 particles can be defined as follows; the oxyfluoride layer provides a strong protecting layer against HF attack and scavenges HF, thus resulting in reducing HF from the electrolyte. Synergistically, these actions resulted in the significantly improved high temperature cycling performances exhibited by the BiOF-coated Li[Li0.1Al0.05Mn1.85]O-4.
C1 [Myung, Seung-Taek; YashiroB, Hitoshi] Iwate Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morioka, Iwate 0208551, Japan.
[Lee, Ki-Soo; Sun, Yang-Kook] Hanyang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Informat & Commun Mat, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Myung, ST (reprint author), Iwate Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 0208551, Japan.
EM smyung@iwate-u.ac.jp; yksun@hanyang.ac.kr
RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013
OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170;
FU Division of Advanced Batteries in NGE Program
FX This work was supported by the Division of Advanced Batteries in NGE
Program.
NR 41
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 1
U2 41
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 14
BP 1995
EP 2005
DI 10.1039/b819224c
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 423VQ
UT WOS:000264524200009
ER
PT J
AU Cygan, RT
Greathouse, JA
Heinz, H
Kalinichev, AG
AF Cygan, Randall T.
Greathouse, Jeffery A.
Heinz, Hendrik
Kalinichev, Andrey G.
TI Molecular models and simulations of layered materials
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID DIOCTAHEDRAL 2/1 PHYLLOSILICATES; QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS; 1ST
PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TOTAL-ENERGY
CALCULATIONS; SWELLING CLAY-MINERALS; MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; AB-INITIO
CALCULATIONS; DOUBLE HYDROXIDES; DYNAMICS SIMULATION
AB The micro- to nano-sized nature of layered materials, particularly characteristic of naturally occurring clay minerals, limits our ability to fully interrogate their atomic dispositions and crystal structures. The low symmetry, multicomponent compositions, defects, and disorder phenomena of clays and related phases necessitate the use of molecular models and modern simulation methods. Computational chemistry tools based on classical force fields and quantum-chemical methods of electronic structure calculations provide a practical approach to evaluate structure and dynamics of the materials on an atomic scale. Combined with classical energy minimization, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo techniques, quantum methods provide accurate models of layered materials such as clay minerals, layered double hydroxides, and clay-polymer nanocomposites.
C1 [Cygan, Randall T.; Greathouse, Jeffery A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Heinz, Hendrik] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Kalinichev, Andrey G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Cygan, RT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM rtcygan@sandia.gov; hendrik.heinz@uakron.edu; kalinich@chemistry.msu.edu
RI Kalinichev, Andrey/B-4519-2008; Heinz, Hendrik/E-3866-2010
OI Kalinichev, Andrey/0000-0003-0743-4242; Heinz,
Hendrik/0000-0002-6776-7404
FU U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Geosciences
Research received through the Sandia contract and university grants
[DE-FG02-00ER-15028, DE-FG02-08ER-15929]; Air Force Research Laboratory;
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base; University of Akron; Ohio
Supercomputing Center; ETH Zurich; U. S. Department of Energy
[DEAC04-94AL85000]
FX We are grateful for support from the U. S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences Research received through the
Sandia contract and university grants DE-FG02-00ER-15028 and
DE-FG02-08ER-15929. We also appreciate support from the Air Force
Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, the University of
Akron, the Ohio Supercomputing Center, and ETH Zurich. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin company, for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DEAC04-94AL85000.
NR 140
TC 107
Z9 109
U1 11
U2 101
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 17
BP 2470
EP 2481
DI 10.1039/b819076c
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 432UO
UT WOS:000265159900003
ER
PT J
AU Chernova, NA
Roppolo, M
Dillon, AC
Whittingham, MS
AF Chernova, Natasha A.
Roppolo, Megan
Dillon, Anne C.
Whittingham, M. Stanley
TI Layered vanadium and molybdenum oxides: batteries and electrochromics
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; MOO3 THIN-FILMS; RAY-ABSORPTION
SPECTROSCOPY; POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION;
LI-ION BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIALS; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; X-RAY;
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
AB The layered oxides of vanadium and molybdenum have been studied for close to 40 years as possible cathode materials for lithium batteries or electrochromic systems. The highly distorted metal octahedra naturally lead to the formation of a wide range of layer structures, which can intercalate lithium levels exceeding 300 Ah/kg. They have found continuing success in medical devices, such as pacemakers, but many challenges remain in their application in long-lived rechargeable devices. Their high-energy storage capability remains an encouragement to researchers to resolve the stability concerns of vanadium dissolution and the tendency of lithium and vanadium to mix changing the crystal structure on cycling the lithium in and out. Nanomorphologies have enabled higher reactivities to be obtained for both vanadium and molybdenum oxides, and with the latter show promise for electrochromic displays.
C1 [Chernova, Natasha A.; Roppolo, Megan; Whittingham, M. Stanley] SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Dillon, Anne C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Whittingham, MS (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
EM stanwhit@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0705657]; U.S.Department of Energy
[DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX We thank the National Science Foundation, through grant DMR-0705657, and
the U.S.Department of Energy, through the BATT program at LBNL, for
support of the work at Binghamton. A. C. Dillon would like to thank Leah
Riley of NREL for supplying figures. The NREL work was funded by the U.
S. Department of Energy under subcontract number DE-AC36-08GO28308
through: DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of
the Vehicle Technologies Program and the Office of Building Technologies
Program.
NR 257
TC 347
Z9 352
U1 41
U2 370
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 17
BP 2526
EP 2552
DI 10.1039/b819629j
PG 27
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 432UO
UT WOS:000265159900008
ER
PT J
AU Ding, ZF
Bux, SK
King, DJ
Chang, FL
Chen, TH
Huang, SC
Kaner, RB
AF Ding, Zhongfen
Bux, Sabah K.
King, Daniel J.
Chang, Feng L.
Chen, Tai-Hao
Huang, Shu-Chuan
Kaner, Richard B.
TI Lithium intercalation and exfoliation of layered bismuth selenide and
bismuth telluride
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; SILICON NANOWIRES; FIGURE; MERIT
AB Alloys of bismuth telluride (Bi(2)Te(3)) are commonly used in thermoelectric devices. These materials possess a hexagonal layered structure comprised of five atom thick stacks of Te-Bi-Te-Bi-Te held together by weak van der Waals forces. Lithium cations can be intercalated between the layers using the reducing power of solvated electrons in liquid ammonia. After intercalation, lithium can be removed by exfoliation to create a stable colloidal suspension of thin sheets of Bi(2)Te(3) or Bi(2)Se(3) in water. Zeta potential measurements indicate that the colloids are charge stabilized. These colloidal suspensions can be deposited onto a variety of substrates to create two-dimensional thin films. Atomic force microscopy indicates that initially individual layers are deposited. The films are partially oriented as observed using X-ray powder diffraction. Annealing at temperatures as low as 85 degrees C can produce highly oriented films. Thus intercalation, exfoliation and deposition from a charge-stabilized colloid can provide a scalable process for synthesizing bulk quantities of nanostructured thermoelectric materials.
C1 [Chang, Feng L.; Chen, Tai-Hao; Huang, Shu-Chuan] Natl Dong Hwan Univ, Dept Chem, Shoufeng 97401, Hualien, Taiwan.
[Ding, Zhongfen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Bux, Sabah K.; King, Daniel J.; Kaner, Richard B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Bux, Sabah K.; King, Daniel J.; Kaner, Richard B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Huang, SC (reprint author), Natl Dong Hwan Univ, Dept Chem, 1 Sec 2,Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng 97401, Hualien, Taiwan.
EM zding@lanl.gov; schuang@mail.ndhu.edu.tw; kaner@chem.ucla.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0453121]; IGERT Fellowships
[DGE-0114443, DGE-0654431]; Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Caltech [1308818]
FX The authors are grateful for support from the National Science
Foundation: DMR-0453121 (RBK) and IGERT Fellowships DGE-0114443 and
DGE-0654431 (SKB and DJK); and a thermoelectrics subcontract from the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Caltech-1308818.
NR 23
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 7
U2 57
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 17
BP 2588
EP 2592
DI 10.1039/b820226e
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 432UO
UT WOS:000265159900013
ER
PT J
AU Feng, GX
Li, LF
Liu, JY
Liu, N
Li, H
Yang, XQ
Huang, XJ
Chen, LQ
Nam, KW
Yoon, WS
AF Feng, G. X.
Li, L. F.
Liu, J. Y.
Liu, N.
Li, H.
Yang, X. Q.
Huang, X. J.
Chen, L. Q.
Nam, K. W.
Yoon, W. S.
TI Enhanced electrochemical lithium storage activity of LiCrO2 by size
effect
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE CATHODE MATERIALS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; ION BATTERIES;
CHROMIUM-OXIDE; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; MANGANESE; LICOO2; CELLS; DIFFRACTION;
BEHAVIOR
AB Cr8O21 was chemically lithiated using a lithium-biphenyl-dimethoxyethane solution. Lithiated Cr8O21 shows a structure in which as-formed LiCrO2 units are sandwiched between Cr2O3 superlattice layers. Chemically lithiated Cr8O21 shows a delithiation capacity of 200 mAh g(-1). It means that LiCrO2 units in lithiated Cr8O21 are electrochemically active. This finding is opposite to previous reports that LiCrO2 materials have very poor Li-storage capacities. Our new result implies that LiCrO2 with extremely small domain size could show enhanced reactivity. This proposal is proved unambiguously by the fact that LiCrO2 powder materials with smaller grain size (<20 nm) show much higher capacities than LiCrO2 materials with larger grain size (>50 nm). In addition, it is found that the cation mixing is more significantly in LiCrO2 materials with smaller grain size, which seems a key factor for the storage and transport of lithium in layered Cr-based materials. The cation mixing may also explain the result that the lattice parameters of LiCrO2 do not change significantly upon lithium extraction and insertion, investigated by in situ and ex situ XRD techniques.
C1 [Feng, G. X.; Li, L. F.; Liu, J. Y.; Liu, N.; Li, H.; Huang, X. J.; Chen, L. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Yang, X. Q.; Nam, K. W.; Yoon, W. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Li, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM hli@aphy.iphy.ac.cn
RI Li, Hong/C-4643-2008; Nam, Kyung-Wan Nam/G-9271-2011; Yoon,
Won-Sub/H-2343-2011; Nam, Kyung-Wan/B-9029-2013; Nam,
Kyung-Wan/E-9063-2015
OI Li, Hong/0000-0002-8659-086X; Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Nam,
Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369
FU Nature Scientific Foundation of China [50730005, 60621061]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DEAC02-98CH10886]
FX The work in CAS was supported by Nature Scientific Foundation of China
(50730005, 60621061) and "863'' project (2006AA03Z228). The work at BNL
was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, under the program of
"Hybrid and Electric Systems'', of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract Number DEAC02-98CH10886. Prof. H. Li thanks financial support
of CAS for senior visiting scholar program.
NR 34
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 55
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 19
BP 2993
EP 2998
DI 10.1039/b817624h
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 443OJ
UT WOS:000265919300017
ER
PT J
AU Worsley, MA
Kucheyev, SO
Kuntz, JD
Hamza, AV
Satcher, JH
Baumann, TF
AF Worsley, Marcus A.
Kucheyev, Sergei O.
Kuntz, Joshua D.
Hamza, Alex V.
Satcher, Joe H., Jr.
Baumann, Theodore F.
TI Stiff and electrically conductive composites of carbon nanotube aerogels
and polymers
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOCOMPOSITES; TECHNOLOGY; DISPERSION; FILLERS;
WATER
AB Many challenges remain in the effort to realize the exceptional mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes in composite materials. Here, we report on highly electrically conductive and mechanically stiff composites of polymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). Conductive SWNT-based nanofoams (aerogels) are used as scaffolds to create polymer [poly(dimethylsiloxane)] composites. The resulting composites possess electrical conductivities over 1 S cm(-1) and exhibit an similar to 300% increase in the elastic modulus with as little as 1 vol% nanotube content.
C1 [Worsley, Marcus A.; Kucheyev, Sergei O.; Kuntz, Joshua D.; Hamza, Alex V.; Satcher, Joe H., Jr.; Baumann, Theodore F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Worsley, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM worsley1@llnl.gov
RI Worsley, Marcus/G-2382-2014
OI Worsley, Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [AC52-07NA27344]; DOE Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and funded by the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
NR 33
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 20
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 21
BP 3370
EP 3372
DI 10.1039/b905735h
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 448NM
UT WOS:000266269300006
ER
PT J
AU Yu, JG
Devanathan, R
Weber, WJ
AF Yu, Jianguo
Devanathan, Ram
Weber, William J.
TI Unified interatomic potential for zircon, zirconia and silica systems
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; HIGH-PRESSURE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; ZRSIO4;
PHASE; TRANSITION; MANTLE; DAMAGE
AB We report the development of a unified force field with high transferability and reliability to model both structures and mechanical properties of ZrSiO4, ZrO2 and SiO2 based on the success of the BKS potential for SiO2 1 (van Beest et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990, 64, 1955). The thermal expansion, relative stability and phase transition properties are consistent with experimental data and DFT calculations. The zircon to reidite transition pressure is 6.7 GPa. Amorphization of zircon results in volume expansion of 11% and decrease in the bulk modulus of 60%. Si polymerization and Zr under-coordination were observed in amorphous ZrSiO4 and in the damage produced by a 10 keV Zr recoil in crystalline ZrSiO4. The upper limit of stored energy in amorphous ZrSiO4 is 140 kJ/mol.
C1 [Yu, Jianguo; Devanathan, Ram; Weber, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Devanathan, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-87,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ram.devanathan@pnl.gov
RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Devanathan, Ram/C-7247-2008; Yu,
Jianguo/C-3424-2013
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Devanathan, Ram/0000-0001-8125-4237;
Yu, Jianguo/0000-0001-5604-8132
FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES), U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RL01830];
MSCF in EMSL
FX This work was funded by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), U. S. Department of Energy (DOE)
under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. The computations were performed
using resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U. S.
Department of Energy, and the MSCF in EMSL, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the U.S. DOE, OBER and located at PNNL. JY was
partly supported by a DOE BES Computational Materials Science Network
Cooperative Research Team grant.
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 5
U2 28
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 23
BP 3923
EP 3930
DI 10.1039/b902767j
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 453MX
UT WOS:000266615800017
ER
PT J
AU Deng, HX
Belharouak, I
Sun, YK
Amine, K
AF Deng, Haixia
Belharouak, Ilias
Sun, Yang-Kook
Amine, Khalil
TI LixNi0.25Mn0.75Oy (0.5 <= x <= 2, 2 <= y <= 2.75) compounds for
high-energy lithium-ion batteries
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CATHODE MATERIALS; SECONDARY BATTERIES; HIGH-POWER; LI; ELECTRODES;
CELLS; RAY; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; R(3)OVER-BAR-M; CAPACITY
AB Manganese-rich and cobalt-free compounds of LixNi0.25Mn0.75Oy (0.5 <= x <= 2, 2 <= y <= 2.75) were investigated as the positive electrode materials for high energy lithium-ion batteries. Compounds with x 0.5, 1, 1.25, 1.5, and 2 were prepared by a solid-state reaction from the same carbonate precursor, Ni0.25Mn0.75CO3, with an appropriate amount of Li2CO3. The structural and physical characteristics of these phases were determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. With an increase of the lithium content, the LixNi0.25Mn0.75Oy evolved from a spinel (Fd (3) over barm) structure (x = 0.5) to a mixed spinel-layered (Fd (3) over barm and C2/c) structure (x = 1 and 1.25), to a more layered (R (3) over barm and C2/c) structure (x = 1.5 and 2). A similar structural trend was found for samples prepared from NiMn2O4-Mn2O3 mixed oxide, itself prepared by thermal decomposition of Ni0.25Mn0.75CO3 carbonate precursor, to which appropriate amounts of Li2CO3 were added. An increase of the lithium content also affected the size of the primary particles and the roughness of the secondary particles, without any substantial change of their spherical morphology and packing densities. Further results showed that the electrochemical performance and safety characteristics of the LixNi0.25Mn0.75Oy materials were primarily governed by their structures.
C1 [Deng, Haixia; Belharouak, Ilias; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sun, Yang-Kook] Hanyang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Informat & Commun Mat, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
RP Belharouak, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM belharouak@anl.gov
RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013;
OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; Belharouak,
Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278
FU US Department of Energy, FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Office
FX This research was funded by the US Department of Energy, FreedomCAR and
Vehicle Technologies Office.
NR 31
TC 90
Z9 95
U1 7
U2 78
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 26
BP 4510
EP 4516
DI 10.1039/b904098f
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 463NS
UT WOS:000267439500008
ER
PT J
AU Lloyd, MT
Prasankumar, RP
Sinclair, MB
Mayer, AC
Olson, DC
Hsu, JWP
AF Lloyd, Matthew T.
Prasankumar, Rohit P.
Sinclair, Michael B.
Mayer, Alex C.
Olson, Dana C.
Hsu, Julia W. P.
TI Impact of interfacial polymer morphology on photoexcitation dynamics and
device performance in P3HT/ZnO heterojunctions
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYBRID SOLAR-CELLS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS; ZNO
NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYTHIOPHENE; GENERATION; FILMS; TIO2
AB To understand the critical factor(s) that influence short-circuit current in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/ZnO solar cells, we investigate the morphology of the interfacial polymer layer and the photoexcitation dynamics in the picosecond regime. Thin (similar to 6 nm) films of P3HT deposited on bare ZnO and ZnO modified with an alkanethiol monolayer are used as model systems for the heterojunction interface. Results are compared with thin P3HT films on glass for the behavior of the polymer alone. Synchrotron grazing incidence X-ray diffraction spectra of P3HT thin films deposited on glass and on an alkanethiol-modified ZnO surface identify a crystalline P3HT interfacial layer, while an amorphous interfacial layer of P3HT is found on unmodified ZnO. To investigate the decay dynamics of initial photoexcited states, the samples are interrogated by pump-probe spectroscopy with sub-picosecond time resolution. Compared to P3HT/ZnO composite films, the decay behavior for both polarons and excitons over a 500 ps time interval becomes significantly slower with alkanethiol modification, indicating a reduction in early-stage charge recombination. These experiments demonstrate how the interfacial polymer morphology has a critical role in determining device performance.
C1 [Lloyd, Matthew T.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Olson, Dana C.; Hsu, Julia W. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Prasankumar, Rohit P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mayer, Alex C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Lloyd, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mtlloyd@sandia.gov
FU Sandia LDRD program; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors are grateful Y.-J. Lee for the preparation of substrates for
GIXD measurements. This work was performed in part at the US Department
of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos and
Sandia National Laboratories. The work was supported by the Sandia LDRD
program. Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by
Stanford University on behalf of the U. S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed-Martin Company, for the U. S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 27
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 33
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 26
BP 4609
EP 4614
DI 10.1039/b903849c
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 463NS
UT WOS:000267439500021
ER
PT J
AU Proffen, T
Kim, H
AF Proffen, Thomas
Kim, Hyunjeong
TI Advances in total scattering analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PAIR DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; REVERSE MONTE-CARLO;
THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIAL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; POWDER DIFFRACTION;
PHASE-TRANSITION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; PHONON-GLASS; CRYSTALLINE
AB In recent years the analysis of the total scattering pattern has become an invaluable tool to study disordered crystalline and nanocrystalline materials. Traditional crystallographic structure determination is based on Bragg intensities and yields the long range average atomic structure. By including diffuse scattering into the analysis, the local and medium range atomic structure can be unravelled. Here we give an overview of recent experimental advances, using X-rays as well as neutron scattering as well as current trends in modelling of total scattering data.
C1 [Proffen, Thomas; Kim, Hyunjeong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Proffen, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM tproffen@lanl.gov
RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009
OI Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031
FU NPDF; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396,
W-31-109-Eng-38, W-7405-Eng-82]; NSF [DMR 00-76488]
FX This work has benefited from the use of NPDF at the Lujan Center at Los
Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by DOE Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos
National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The upgrade
of NPDF has been funded by NSF through grant DMR 00-76488. We made use
of APS facilities, which are supported by the U. S. DOE, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
W-31-109-Eng-38. The MUCAT sector at the APS is supported by the U. S.
DOE, Office of Science, under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-82.
NR 49
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 32
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 29
BP 5078
EP 5088
DI 10.1039/b821178g
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 470NH
UT WOS:000267981100002
ER
PT J
AU Rupert, BL
Mitchell, WJ
Ferguson, AJ
Kose, ME
Rance, WL
Rumbles, G
Ginley, DS
Shaheen, SE
Kopidakis, N
AF Rupert, Benjamin L.
Mitchell, William J.
Ferguson, Andrew J.
Koese, Muhammet E.
Rance, William L.
Rumbles, Garry
Ginley, David S.
Shaheen, Sean E.
Kopidakis, Nikos
TI Low-bandgap thiophene dendrimers for improved light harvesting
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID EMITTING-DIODES; SOLAR-CELLS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT;
ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; OLIGOTHIOPHENES; CHEMISTRY; TRANSPORT; MOBILITY;
POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES)
AB This article follows our previous work on the synthesis and characterization of pi-conjugated dendrimers for use in organic solar cells. Here we discuss five new thiophene-based dendrimers that were synthesized in order to study the relationship between their chemical structures and electronic properties. Three of these dendrimers incorporate acetylene spacers, included to relieve steric strain, between the thiophene arms and phenyl cores used in previous studies. Only a small effect on the electronic properties is observed upon inclusion of the acetylene spacer in the three-arm dendrimer, 3G1-2S-Ac. In contrast, a decrease in the bandgap is observed for the four-arm dendrimer, 4G1-2S-Ac, due to a reduction of interactions between the arms in the more sterically congested 1,2,4,5-arrangement around the phenyl core, resulting in delocalization of the exciton through the phenyl core. Incorporation of electron-withdrawing cyano groups on the phenyl core of the three-arm dendrimer, 3G1-2S-CN, resulted in a very large (similar to 0.5 eV) decrease in the bandgap, due to stabilization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, and the low energy absorption band in this material is attributed to a transition with significant intramolecular charge-transfer character. The electronic properties of three-and four-arm dendrimers with electron-donating dibutylaniline moieties attached to the end of the thiophene dendron, 3G1-2S-N and 4G1-2S-N respectively, are almost identical, indicating that they are dominated by the arms, with no through-core communication allowed, even for the para-linked arms of 4G1-2S-N. However, there is a significant increase in the molar absorptivity of these materials, concomitant with significant broadening of the absorption spectrum, which is an important attribute in light-harvesting applications.
C1 [Rupert, Benjamin L.; Mitchell, William J.; Ferguson, Andrew J.; Koese, Muhammet E.; Rance, William L.; Rumbles, Garry; Ginley, David S.; Shaheen, Sean E.; Kopidakis, Nikos] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Rupert, BL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM benjamin_rupert@nrel.gov
RI Rupert, Benjamin/E-1694-2011; Kose, Muhammet/C-7167-2012; Shaheen,
Sean/M-7893-2013; Kopidakis, Nikos/N-4777-2015;
OI Rumbles, Garry/0000-0003-0776-1462; Ferguson, Andrew/0000-0003-2544-1753
FU NREL LDRD; Xcel Energy Renewable Development Fund; U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX The authors thank Robert Brown and Shuji Kato at the University of
Colorado for help with MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI measurements. Support of
this work by the NREL LDRD program and the Xcel Energy Renewable
Development Fund is gratefully acknowledged. A. J. F. and G. R. were
funded by the Photochemistry and Radiation Research program of the U. S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL.
NR 50
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 27
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 30
BP 5311
EP 5324
DI 10.1039/b903427g
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 474ED
UT WOS:000268264400006
ER
PT J
AU Worsley, MA
Kuntz, JD
Pauzauskie, PJ
Cervantes, O
Zaug, JM
Gash, AE
Satcher, JH
Baumann, TF
AF Worsley, Marcus A.
Kuntz, Joshua D.
Pauzauskie, Peter J.
Cervantes, Octavio
Zaug, Joseph M.
Gash, Alex E.
Satcher, Joe H., Jr.
Baumann, Theodore F.
TI High surface area carbon nanotube-supported titanium carbonitride
aerogels
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CATALYTIC-PROPERTIES; NITRIDE CATALYST; CARBIDE
NANORODS; METAL NITRIDE; ANATASE TIO2; NANOWIRES; NANOCOMPOSITES;
NITROGEN; NANOPARTICLES
AB In this study, the synthesis and characterization of a high surface area titanium carbonitride aerogel are presented. The aerogels were made by the carbothermal reduction of a titania-coated carbon nanotube-based foam under flowing nitrogen at 1400 degrees C. The resulting monoliths consisted of titanium carbonitride (TiC(1-x)N(x), x = 0.95) nanocrystals supported by the nanotubes and exhibited surface areas in excess of 250 m(2)/g.
C1 [Worsley, Marcus A.; Kuntz, Joshua D.; Pauzauskie, Peter J.; Cervantes, Octavio; Zaug, Joseph M.; Gash, Alex E.; Satcher, Joe H., Jr.; Baumann, Theodore F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Worsley, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM worsley1@llnl.gov
RI Pauzauskie, Peter/A-1316-2014; Worsley, Marcus/G-2382-2014
OI Worsley, Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727
FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[AC52-07NA27344]; DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and funded by the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 40
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 31
BP 5503
EP 5506
DI 10.1039/b908284k
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 476KN
UT WOS:000268439300005
ER
PT J
AU Schoen, DT
Meister, S
Peng, HL
Chan, C
Yang, Y
Cui, Y
AF Schoen, David T.
Meister, Stefan
Peng, Hailin
Chan, Candace
Yang, Yuan
Cui, Yi
TI Phase transformations in one-dimensional materials: applications in
electronics and energy sciences
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON NANOWIRES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS;
CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE DEPENDENCE; CATION-EXCHANGE; MELTING-POINT;
HIGH-PRESSURE; ANODES; PERFORMANCE
AB Phase transformations at the nanoscale display interesting and important differences from those which occur in the bulk of most materials systems. These differences occur in a large variety of transformations, including melting, solid state phase transformation, chemical ordering and disordering, and chemical and electrochemical transformations. They arise from both the thermodynamic contribution of surface energy as well as the kinetic influence of small diffusion distances. These changes in the energetics and dynamics of transformation can prove important for a variety of technologies, including energy storage, energy conversion, and information technologies.
C1 [Schoen, David T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Chan, Candace; Yang, Yuan] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Peng, Hailin] Peking Univ, Coll Chem, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Chan, Candace] Rice Univ, Nobel Laureate Rick Smalleys Grp, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Chan, Candace] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Chan, Candace] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Schoen, DT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RI Peng, Hailin/F-1497-2010; Cui, Yi/L-5804-2013
OI Cui, Yi/0000-0002-6103-6352
NR 75
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 20
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 33
BP 5879
EP 5890
DI 10.1039/b820624d
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 482KD
UT WOS:000268885900002
ER
PT J
AU Wu, G
Cui, GF
Li, DY
Shen, PK
Li, N
AF Wu, Gang
Cui, Guofeng
Li, Deyu
Shen, Pei-Kang
Li, Ning
TI Carbon-supported Co1.67Te2 nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for oxygen
reduction reaction in alkaline electrolyte
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONPRECIOUS METAL-CATALYSTS; ANIONIC POLYMERIC BONDS; ALCOHOL
FUEL-CELLS; METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES; MODEL
CATALYSTS; DOPED CARBON; THIN-FILMS; ELECTROREDUCTION; KINETICS
AB Well-dispersed Co1.67Te2 nanoparticles supported on carbon black have been synthesized via a solid-state reaction using Co and Te precursors in an autoclave at elevated temperatures. Their oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and selectivity as a function of heating temperatures in catalyst synthesis were evaluated by rotating disk (RDE) and ring-disk electrodes (RRDE). It was found that the best performing catalyst (CoTe/C-900) was synthesized at a temperature of 900 degrees C, with regard to the most positive RDE onset (-0.18 V vs Ag/AgCl) and half-wave potentials (-0.35 V vs Ag/AgCl) as well as the lowest peroxide yield (ca. 5%) in alkaline solution (0.1 M KOH, pH = 13). Meanwhile, well-defined limiting currents were reached in the mass transfer-controlled potential range at various rotating speeds, attesting to the high density and uniform distribution of ORR active sites on the catalyst. The average electron transfer number of ORR was determined to be 3.5 for the CoTe/C-900 catalyst by using a modified Koutecky-Levich equation, nearly providing a four-electron pathway for the ORR. A transition of the Tafel slope from ca. -60 mV/dec to ca. -120 mV/dec with overpotential is directly associated with oxide formation and their coverage variation onto catalysts, suggesting a change of the rate-determining step in the ORR mechanism from intermediate-migration to charge-transfer. Extensive physical characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted for each CoTe/C sample prepared at various heating temperatures to provide insights into the origins of active sites, and Co1.67Te2 chalcogenide nanoparticles supported on carbon were found to be highly active toward ORR in alkaline electrolytes.
C1 [Wu, Gang; Li, Deyu; Li, Ning] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Appl Chem, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
[Cui, Guofeng; Shen, Pei-Kang] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA 11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM wugang@lanl.gov
RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Shen, Pei Kang/O-2004-2013
OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208;
FU Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2004035300]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [50801070]; Plant Nursery Projects of Guangdong
Province
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of this work from the
Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2004035300), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (50801070), and the Plant Nursery Projects
of Guangdong Province.
NR 64
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 3
U2 73
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 36
BP 6581
EP 6589
DI 10.1039/b903216a
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 490IH
UT WOS:000269493600020
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, ME
Wheeler, DR
McKenzie, BB
Bunker, BC
AF Roberts, Mark E.
Wheeler, David R.
McKenzie, Bonnie B.
Bunker, Bruce C.
TI High specific capacitance conducting polymer supercapacitor electrodes
based on poly(tris(thiophenylphenyl)amine)
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACAPACITORS; POLYANILINE; STORAGE
AB Supercapacitors have emerged as attractive energy storage devices for systems requiring rapid charge-discharge cycles and high power densities. Progress in conducting polymer research for this application has shown tremendous promise due to the polymers' tendency to form highly porous films and exhibit reversible redox activity. In this Communication, we present a new triarylamine-thiophene hybrid conducting polymer for charge storage, poly(tris(4-(thio-phen2-yl)phenyl)amine) (pTTPA), which can be electrochemically deposited into highly porous films or templated nanotubular structures. pTTPA represents the first dendritic polymeric material incorporated in supercapacitor electrodes yielding a remarkably high peak capacitance of 950 +/- 49 F/g in 100 mM tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile. Our versatile platform design opens the door to new synthetic opportunities for electrical energy storage polymers.
C1 [Roberts, Mark E.; Wheeler, David R.; McKenzie, Bonnie B.; Bunker, Bruce C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Roberts, ME (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mrober@sandia.gov
RI Roberts, Mark/H-9865-2016
OI Roberts, Mark/0000-0001-5971-6650
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors acknowledge the Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory
Directed Research & Development (LDRD) program. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 19
TC 82
Z9 86
U1 3
U2 50
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 38
BP 6977
EP 6979
DI 10.1039/b916666a
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 498DD
UT WOS:000270116000005
ER
PT J
AU Worsley, MA
Kuntz, JD
Cervantes, O
Han, TYJ
Gash, AE
Satcher, JH
Baumann, TF
AF Worsley, Marcus A.
Kuntz, Joshua D.
Cervantes, Octavio
Han, T. Yong-Jin
Gash, Alex E.
Satcher, Joe H., Jr.
Baumann, Theodore F.
TI Route to high surface area TiO2/C and TiCN/C composites
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ACTIVATED CARBON; ANATASE TIO2;
METAL-OXIDES; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION; NITRIDE; NITROGEN; CARBIDE;
NANOCOMPOSITES
AB In this study, the synthesis and characterization of high surface area carbon-supported titania and titanium carbonitride aerogels is presented. An activated carbon aerogel with surface area greater than 2000 m(2) g(-1) was used as a support for the sol-gel deposition of titania. The resulting titania-coated carbon aerogel retained a surface area greater than 2000 m(2) g(-1) even after conversion to the anatase crystalline phase. The carbon-supported titanium carbonitride aerogel was made by the carbothermal reduction of the titania-coated carbon aerogel under flowing nitrogen at 1400 degrees C. The resulting monolith consisted of nitrogen-rich titanium carbonitride (TiC1-xNx, x = 0.90) nanocrystals and exhibited a surface area of 1838 m(2) g(-1).
C1 [Worsley, Marcus A.; Kuntz, Joshua D.; Cervantes, Octavio; Han, T. Yong-Jin; Gash, Alex E.; Satcher, Joe H., Jr.; Baumann, Theodore F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Worsley, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM worsley1@llnl.gov
RI Worsley, Marcus/G-2382-2014
OI Worsley, Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727
FU DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and funded by the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 30
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 38
BP 7146
EP 7150
DI 10.1039/b911994a
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 498DD
UT WOS:000270116000030
ER
PT J
AU Mondal, R
Ko, S
Norton, JE
Miyaki, N
Becerril, HA
Verploegen, E
Toney, MF
Bredas, JL
McGehee, MD
Bao, ZN
AF Mondal, Rajib
Ko, Sangwon
Norton, Joseph E.
Miyaki, Nobuyuki
Becerril, Hector A.
Verploegen, Eric
Toney, Michael F.
Bredas, Jean-Luc
McGehee, Michael D.
Bao, Zhenan
TI Molecular design for improved photovoltaic efficiency: band gap and
absorption coefficient engineering
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; ALTERNATING POLYFLUORENE COPOLYMER;
CONJUGATED POLYMER; PERFORMANCE
AB Removing the adjacent thiophene groups around the acceptor core in low band gap polymers significantly enhances solar cell efficiency through increasing the optical absorption and raising the ionization potential of the polymer.
C1 [Mondal, Rajib; Ko, Sangwon; Miyaki, Nobuyuki; Becerril, Hector A.; Verploegen, Eric; Bao, Zhenan] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[McGehee, Michael D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Verploegen, Eric; Toney, Michael F.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Norton, Joseph E.; Bredas, Jean-Luc] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Norton, Joseph E.; Bredas, Jean-Luc] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Bao, ZN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM zbao@stanford.edu
RI Bredas, Jean-Luc/A-3431-2008
OI Bredas, Jean-Luc/0000-0001-7278-4471
FU Center for AdvancedMolecular Photovoltaics [KUS-C1015-21]; King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Global Climate and Energy
Program (GCEP); Stanford Center for Polymer Interfaces and
Macromolecular Assemblies (CPIMA)
FX This publication was partially based on work supported by the Center for
AdvancedMolecular Photovoltaics, Award No KUS-C1015-21, made by King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). We also
acknowledge support from the Global Climate and Energy Program (GCEP)
and the Stanford Center for Polymer Interfaces and Macromolecular
Assemblies (CPIMA). Portions of this research were carried out at the
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a national user facility
operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. R. M. thanks Jack E. Parmer,
George Margulis, and Eric Hoke for their help.
NR 30
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 16
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 39
BP 7195
EP 7197
DI 10.1039/b915222a
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 501LC
UT WOS:000270382400004
ER
PT J
AU Lloyd, MT
Olson, DC
Lu, P
Fang, E
Moore, DL
White, MS
Reese, MO
Ginley, DS
Hsu, JWP
AF Lloyd, Matthew T.
Olson, Dana C.
Lu, Ping
Fang, Erica
Moore, Diana L.
White, Matthew S.
Reese, Matthew O.
Ginley, David S.
Hsu, Julia W. P.
TI Impact of contact evolution on the shelf life of organic solar cells
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; MEH-PPV; DEGRADATION; DEVICES; ZNO; AIR;
POLY(P-PHENYLENEVINYLENE); POLYTHIOPHENE; PERFORMANCE; MORPHOLOGY
AB For organic photovoltaics (OPVs) to become a truly viable technology, it is critical to correctly identify their degradation mechanism(s) and pave the way for strategies to improve device lifetime. Changes in the active organic component are often cited as the leading degradation pathway in OPVs. In this shelf life study, we monitor device performance after storage in the dark at ambient conditions to show that decay behavior is dominated by changes at the top metal electrode and/or the metal-organic interface. Cross-sectional TEM reveals extensive void formation to be the primary degradation mechanism for Ca/Al contacts. Kelvin probe measurements show the work function of Ag contacts increases over time, consistent with silver oxide formation detected by TOF-SIMS depth profiles. The evolution of the work function is found to be advantageous for Ag as a hole-extracting contact, but unsuitable for electron-extraction. The combination of Ag positive contacts (to collect holes) and ITO/ZnO negative contacts (to collect electrons) yields devices that are stable up to one year when stored in ambient conditions.
C1 [Lloyd, Matthew T.; Lu, Ping; Fang, Erica; Moore, Diana L.; Hsu, Julia W. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Olson, Dana C.; White, Matthew S.; Reese, Matthew O.; Ginley, David S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lloyd, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mtlloyd@sandia.gov
RI White, Matthew/B-3405-2013
OI White, Matthew/0000-0001-6719-790X
FU Sandia LDRD; AOP PV Program through the Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy (EERE) under the Department of Energy (DOE); United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors wish to thank J. Berry, Y.-J. Lee, R. J. Davis, and M.
Brumbach for fruitful discussion. We also acknowledge William O. Wallace
for collection of the Auger depth profiles, James A. Ohlhausen for
TOF-SIMS profiles, and Michael J. Rye for performing FIB cross-sections.
The work is supported by Sandia LDRD program, and by funding from the
AOP PV Program through the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
under the Department of Energy (DOE). Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 27
TC 117
Z9 117
U1 2
U2 40
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 41
BP 7638
EP 7642
DI 10.1039/b910213b
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 506SG
UT WOS:000270795600009
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, YK
Pasquarelli, R
Holme, T
Berry, J
Ginley, D
O'Hayre, R
AF Zhou, Yingke
Pasquarelli, Robert
Holme, Timothy
Berry, Joe
Ginley, David
O'Hayre, Ryan
TI Improving PEM fuel cell catalyst activity and durability using
nitrogen-doped carbon supports: observations from model Pt/HOPG systems
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANOL OXIDATION; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; ACID ELECTROLYTE; CNX
NANOTUBES; GRAPHITE; ELECTROOXIDATION; FUNCTIONALITY
AB This study presents clear and compelling experimental evidence for the significant beneficial effects of nitrogen-doping on the activity of Pt/C catalyst systems for the methanol oxidation reaction. This evidence is obtained through the deployment of geometrically well-defined model catalytic systems consisting of tunable assemblies of Pt catalyst nanoparticles deposited onto undoped, Ar-doped, and N-doped highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates. Both Ar- and N-doping were achieved via ion beam implantation, and Pt was electrodeposited from solutions of H(2)PtCl(6) in aqueous HClO(4). Morphology from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and aqueous electrochemical analysis of catalytic activity was utilized to examine the effect of N-doping compared to the undoped and Ar- doped control samples. The results strongly support the theory that doping nitrogen into a graphite support significantly affects both the morphology and the behavior of the overlying Pt nanoparticles. In particular, nitrogen-doping was observed to cause a significant decrease in the average Pt nanoparticle size, an increase in the Pt nanoparticle dispersion, and a significant increase in catalytic activity and durability for methanol oxidation. The model catalytic systems demonstrated here represent a versatile platform to study catalyst-support interactions in electrocatalytically relevant nanoparticle systems.
C1 [Zhou, Yingke; Pasquarelli, Robert; O'Hayre, Ryan] Colorado Sch Mines Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Holme, Timothy] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Berry, Joe; Ginley, David] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP O'Hayre, R (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines Met & Mat Engn, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM rohayre@mines.edu
RI O'Hayre, Ryan/A-8183-2009
FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0258]; Donors of the American
Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; AFOSR [FA9550-08-1-0007]
FX This work is supported by the U.S. Army Research Office under grant #
W911NF-07-1-0258. The authors greatly thank John Chandler at the
Electron Microscopy Laboratory of CSM for his assistances with SEM
imaging, Prof. Tim Ohno and Prof. Reuben Collins at the Physics
Department of CSM for XPS and contact angle measurements. Special
appreciation goes to Joshua Southworth, Breanna Alexander, Thomas
Cochell, and Amanda Catalano for their work in developing the image
analysis protocol. Acknowledgement is made to the Donors of the American
Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this
research. Partial support for this work is also provided by the AFOSR
under grant # FA9550-08-1-0007.
NR 33
TC 97
Z9 97
U1 2
U2 43
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 42
BP 7830
EP 7838
DI 10.1039/b910924b
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 508OG
UT WOS:000270942100005
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Na, HB
Kim, BC
Lee, JH
Lee, B
Kwak, JH
Hwang, Y
Park, JG
Gu, MB
Kim, J
Joo, J
Shin, CH
Grate, JW
Hyeon, T
Kim, J
AF Lee, Jinwoo
Na, Hyon Bin
Kim, Byoung Chan
Lee, Jin Hyung
Lee, Byoungsoo
Kwak, Ja Hun
Hwang, Yosun
Park, Je-Geun
Gu, Man Bock
Kim, Jaeyun
Joo, Jin
Shin, Chae-Ho
Grate, Jay W.
Hyeon, Taeghwan
Kim, Jungbae
TI Magnetically-separable and highly-stable enzyme system based on
crosslinked enzyme aggregates shipped in magnetite-coated mesoporous
silica
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOCELLULAR CARBON FOAM; A-BOTTLE SYNTHESIS; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS;
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; IMMOBILIZATION; STABILIZATION;
FABRICATION; UNIFORM; WATER
AB A magnetically-separable and highly-stable enzyme system was developed by adsorption of enzymes in superparamagnetic hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica (M-HMMS) and subsequent enzyme crosslinking. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles were homogeneously incorporated into hierarchically-ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica (HMMS) by the decomposition of a preformed iron propionate complex. The size of the incorporated superparamagnetic nanoparticles was around 5 nm, generating a magnetically separable host with high pore volumes and large pores (M-HMMS). alpha-chymotrypsin (CT) was adsorbed into M-HMMS with high loading (similar to 30 wt%) in less than 30 minutes. Glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment of adsorbed CT resulted in nanometer scale crosslinked enzyme aggregates in M-HMMS (CLEA-M). The activity of these CT aggregates in M-HMMS (CLEA-M-CT) was 34 times than that of simply adsorbed CT in M-HMMS, due to an effective prevention of enzyme leaching during washing via a ship-in-a-bottle approach. CLEA-M-CT maintained the initial activity not only under shaking (250 rpm) for 30 days, but also under recycled uses of 35 times. The same approach was employed for the synthesis of CLEA-M of lipase (CLEA-M-LP), and proven to be effective in improving the loading, activity, and stability of enzyme when compared to those of adsorbed LP in M-HMMS.
C1 [Na, Hyon Bin; Kim, Jaeyun; Joo, Jin; Hyeon, Taeghwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat, Ctr Oxide Nanocrystalline Mat, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Na, Hyon Bin; Kim, Jaeyun; Joo, Jin; Hyeon, Taeghwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Lee, Jinwoo] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea.
[Kim, Byoung Chan] Inst Pasteur Korea, Songnam 463400, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Lee, Jin Hyung] KICET, Seoul 153801, South Korea.
[Lee, Byoungsoo; Kim, Jungbae] Korea Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Kwak, Ja Hun; Grate, Jay W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Hwang, Yosun; Park, Je-Geun] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
[Gu, Man Bock] Korea Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Shin, Chae-Ho] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Chonju 360763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
RP Hyeon, T (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat, Ctr Oxide Nanocrystalline Mat, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
EM jinwoo03@postech.ac.kr; thyeon@plaza.snu.ac.kr; jbkim3@korea.ac.kr
RI Hyeon, Taeghwan/J-5315-2012; Park, Je Geun/K-8571-2013; Kwak, Ja
Hun/J-4894-2014; Kim, Sang Hoon/H-9911-2015; Lee, Jinwoo/G-3330-2016;
Lee, Junyoung/D-5463-2012
OI Lee, Jinwoo/0000-0001-6347-0446; Lee, Junyoung/0000-0001-6689-2759
FU Basic Research Program [R0120080001171502008]; National Creative
Research Initiative Program; Korean Government [2009-0059861]; U. S.
Department of Energy; KOSEF [R17-2008-033-01000-0]; Ministry of
Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea
FX This work was supported by the Basic Research Program (grant No.
R0120080001171502008), the National Creative Research Initiative
Program, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant
(grant No. 2009-0059861) funded by the Korean Government (Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology). The research was performed in part
at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a
national scientific user facility sponsored by the U. S. Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Work at Sungkyunkwan University
was supported by the KOSEF through the Acceleration Research Program
(R17-2008-033-01000-0). J. Lee was supported by a grant from the
Fundamental R&D Program for Core Technology of Materials funded by the
Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea.
NR 45
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 27
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 42
BP 7864
EP 7870
DI 10.1039/b909109b
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 508OG
UT WOS:000270942100009
ER
PT J
AU Chambers, M
Verduzco, R
Gleeson, JT
Sprunt, S
Jakli, A
AF Chambers, M.
Verduzco, R.
Gleeson, J. T.
Sprunt, S.
Jakli, A.
TI Flexoelectricity of a calamitic liquid crystal elastomer swollen with a
bent-core liquid crystal
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID BANANA-SHAPED MESOGENS; NEMATIC PHASE; POLARIZATION; COEFFICIENTS
AB We have measured the electric current induced by mechanical distortion of a calamitic liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) swollen with a low molecular weight bent-core nematic (BCN) liquid crystal, and have determined, for the first time, the bend flexoelectric coefficient e(3) of such a BCN-LCE composite. In one method, we utilise air-pressure to induce a mechanical bend deformation and flexoelectric polarization in a BCN-LCE film, and then measure the polarization current as a function of time. An alternative technique uses a rotary-motor driven scotch yoke to periodically flex the BCN-LCE; in this case, the magnitude and phase of the induced current are recorded via a lock-in amplifier. The flexoelectric coefficient, e(3), was found to be similar to 20 nC/cm(2), and is stable in magnitude from room temperature to similar to 65 degrees C. It is about one third the value measured in samples of the pure BCN; this fraction corresponds closely to the molar concentration of BCN in the LCE. The flexoelectric current increases linearly with the magnitude of the bend deformation and decays with frequency. These observations indicate a promising way forward towards producing very low-cost, self-standing, rugged electromechanical energy conversion devices.
C1 [Chambers, M.; Jakli, A.] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44240 USA.
[Chambers, M.; Gleeson, J. T.; Sprunt, S.] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44240 USA.
[Verduzco, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Jakli, A (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44240 USA.
EM ajakli@kent.edu
RI Gleeson, James/B-9208-2008
FU ONR [N00014-07-1-0440]; NSF [DMR-0606160, DMR 0606357]; U. S. Department
of Energy
FX The work carried out at Kent State University was supported by the ONR
under grant N00014-07-1-0440) and by the NSF under DMR-0606160. The
liquid crystal elastomer system used in this study was provided by Prof.
Slobodan Zumer's group of the Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia, and the
New Liquid Crystal Materials Facility at Kent State
http://nlcmf.lci.kent.edu, supported by the NSF DMR 0606357. The work
performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase
Materials Sciences is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy.
The authors also gratefully acknowledge invaluable assistance from J.
Harden Jr, E. DiMasi and R. Pindak.
NR 34
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 13
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 42
BP 7909
EP 7913
DI 10.1039/b911652d
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 508OG
UT WOS:000270942100016
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, S
Shao, YY
Yin, GP
Lin, YH
AF Zhang, Sheng
Shao, Yuyan
Yin, Geping
Lin, Yuehe
TI Stabilization of platinum nanoparticle electrocatalysts for oxygen
reduction using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANOL FUEL-CELLS; SPHERICAL POLYELECTROLYTE BRUSHES; COLLOIDAL SILVER
NANOPARTICLES; CARBON NANOTUBES; CATALYST SUPPORT; CATIONIC
POLYELECTROLYTES; MESOPOROUS CARBON; DURABILITY; OXIDATION; SURFACES
AB A long-chain polyelectrolyte, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), has been employed to stabilize platinum nanoparticles for oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Pt nanoparticles are synthesized by reducing H2PtCl6 with NaBH4 in the presence of PDDA and then deposited on a carbon support (PDDA-Pt/C). Transmission electron microscope images show that Pt nanoparticles of PDDA-Pt/C are uniformly dispersed on the carbon support with a mean size of about 2.2 nm (2.1 nm for commercial Etek-Pt/C). PDDA-Pt/C exhibits a higher activity towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) than Etek-Pt/C. The durability of PDDA-Pt/C is improved by a factor of 2 as compared with Etek-Pt/C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of PDDA-Pt/C reveals the interaction between Pt nanoparticles and PDDA, which increases Pt oxidation potential and prevents Pt nanoparticles from migrating/agglomerating on or detaching from carbon support. This provides a promising strategy to improve both the durability and activity of electrocatalysts for fuel cells.
C1 [Zhang, Sheng; Yin, Geping] Harbin Inst Technol, Shcool Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Sheng; Shao, Yuyan; Lin, Yuehe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Yin, GP (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Shcool Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
EM yingphit@hit.edu.cn; yuehe.lin@pnl.gov
RI Zhang, Sheng/H-2452-2011; Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; Lin,
Yuehe/D-9762-2011
OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0001-7532-1923; Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; Lin,
Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [50872027, 20606007]; Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL); DOE [DE-AC05-76L01830]
FX This work is partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of
China (Nos. 50872027 and 20606007) and partially by a Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL). Part of the research described in this paper was
performed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national
scientific-user facility sponsored by the U. S. Department of Energy's
(DOE's) Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
PNNL. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract
DE-AC05-76L01830. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Chongmin
Wang for TEM measurements. Sheng Zhang would like to acknowledge the
fellowship from the China Scholarship Council and the fellowship from
PNNL.
NR 47
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 3
U2 53
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 42
BP 7995
EP 8001
DI 10.1039/b912104h
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 508OG
UT WOS:000270942100028
ER
PT J
AU Lee, S
Cummins, MD
Willing, GA
Firestone, MA
AF Lee, Sungwon
Cummins, Matthew D.
Willing, Gerold A.
Firestone, Millicent A.
TI Conductivity of ionic liquid-derived polymers with internal gold
nanoparticle conduits
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STABILIZED METAL-CLUSTERS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; IMPEDANCE
SPECTROSCOPY; COLLOID SCIENCE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ELECTROLYTES; ARRAYS;
NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; FILMS
AB The transport properties of self-supporting Au nanoparticle-ionic liquid-derived polymer composites were characterized. Topographic AFM images confirm the perforated lamellar composite architecture determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and further show that the in situ synthesized Au nanoparticles are localized within the hydrophilic (water) domains of the structure. At low Au nanoparticle content, the images reveal incomplete packing of spherical particles (i.e., voids) within these columns. The confinement and organization of the Au nanoparticles within the hydrophilic columns give rise to a large manifold of optical resonances in the near-IR region. The bulk composite conductivity, R(b), was determined by ac electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for samples prepared with increasing Au(3+) content over a frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. A 100-fold increase was observed in the bulk conductivity at room temperature for composites prepared with the highest amount of Au(3+) (1.58 +/- 0.065 mu mol) versus the no Au composite, with the former reaching a value of 1.3 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 25 degrees C. The temperature dependence of the conductivity recorded over this range was well-modeled by the Arrhenius equation. EIS studies on samples containing the highest Au nanoparticle content over a broader range of frequencies (2 x 10(-2) Hz to 5 x 10(5) Hz) identified a low frequency component ascribed to electronic conduction. Electronic conduction due to aggregated Au nanoparticles was further confirmed by dc conductivity measurements. This work identifies a nanostructured composite that exhibits both ionic transport through the polymeric ionic liquid and electronic conduction from the organized encapsulated columns of Au nanoparticles.
C1 [Lee, Sungwon; Firestone, Millicent A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Cummins, Matthew D.; Willing, Gerold A.] Univ Louisville, Dept Chem Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM firestone@anl.gov
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, United
States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr Sonke Seifert for his help with the
SAXS experiments. This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, United States Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 to the UChicago, LLC.
NR 45
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 43
BP 8092
EP 8101
DI 10.1039/b910059h
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 511TI
UT WOS:000271191200008
ER
PT J
AU Im, WB
Page, K
DenBaars, SP
Seshadri, R
AF Im, Won Bin
Page, Katharine
DenBaars, Steven P.
Seshadri, Ram
TI Probing local structure in the yellow phosphor LaSr2AlO5 : Ce3+, by the
maximum entropy method and pair distribution function analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; EDGE-SHARING TETRAHEDRA; DIRECT WHITE-LIGHT;
LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES; DENSITY
AB The compound LaSr2AlO5 was recently introduced as a competitive Ce3+ host material for blue-pumped yellow phosphors for use in white light emitting diodes. A crucial feature of the crystal structure of LaSr2AlO5 is that La, which is the host site for Ce3+, is located in the 8h positions of the I4/mcm crystal structure, a site equally shared with Sr. While the average crystal structure of LaSr2AlO5 as revealed by Rietveld analysis of laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data suggests nothing untoward, maximum entropy method analysis of the synchrotron X-ray data reveals the existence of conspicuous non-sphericity of the electron density. Pair distribution function analysis of the data suggests that despite their occupying the same crystallographic site, La and Sr possess distinct coordination environments, and the environment around La is more compact and regular than the environment suggested by the Rietveld refinement of the average structure. The absorption and emission from Ce3+ centers is controlled by the local coordination and symmetry, and the use of powerful new tools in unraveling details of these strengthens the rational search for new phosphors for solid state white lighting.
C1 [Im, Won Bin; DenBaars, Steven P.; Seshadri, Ram] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Solid State Lighting & Energy Ctr, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Page, Katharine] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Im, WB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Solid State Lighting & Energy Ctr, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM imwonbin@mrl.ucsb.edu; seshadri@mrl.ucsb.edu
RI IM, Won Bin/B-1335-2011; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Seshadri,
Ram/C-4205-2013; Page, Katharine/C-9726-2009
OI IM, Won Bin/0000-0003-2473-4714; Seshadri, Ram/0000-0001-5858-4027;
Page, Katharine/0000-0002-9071-3383
FU National Science Foundation [DMR05-20415]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank the National Science Foundation (DMR05-20415) for use of MRSEC
facilities at UCSB. The use of the 11-ID-B beamline and the Advanced
Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Joshua Kurzman (UCSB), and Peter
Chupas and Karena Chapman (APS) for assistance with synchrotron data
collection.
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 17
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 46
BP 8761
EP 8766
DI 10.1039/b912793c
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 521GG
UT WOS:000271907800008
ER
PT J
AU Ghafoor, N
Eriksson, F
Mikhaylushkin, AS
Abrikosov, IA
Gullikson, EM
Kressig, U
Beckers, M
Hultman, L
Birch, J
AF Ghafoor, Naureen
Eriksson, Fredrik
Mikhaylushkin, Arkady S.
Abrikosov, Igor A.
Gullikson, Eric. M.
Kressig, Ulrich
Beckers, Manfred
Hultman, Lars
Birch, Jens
TI Effects of O and N impurities on the nanostructural evolution during
growth of Cr/Sc multilayers
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; X-RAY MIRRORS; WATER
WINDOW; METALS; SIMULATION; DEPOSITION; LINE
AB Transition metal multilayers are prime candidates for high reflectivity soft x-ray multilayer mirrors. In particular, Cr/Sc multilayers in the amorphous state have proven to give the highest reflectivity in the water window. We have investigated the influence of impurities N and O as residual gas elements on the growth, structure, and optical performance of Cr/Sc multilayers deposited in high vacuum conditions by a dual cathode direct current magnetron sputter deposition. Multilayer structures with the modulation periods in the range of 0.9-4.5 nm and Cr layer to bilayer thickness ratios in the range of 0.17-0.83 were deposited with an intentionally raised base pressure (p(B)), ranging from 2 x 10(-7) to 2 x 10(-5) Torr. Compositional depth profiles were obtained by elastic recoil detection analysis and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, while the structural investigations of the multilayers were carried Out using hard x-ray reflectivity and transmission electron microscopy. By investigating stacked multilayers, i.e., several multilayers with different designs of the modulation periods, stacked on top of each other in the samples, we have been able to conclude that both N and O are incorporated preferentially in the interior of the Sc layers. At p(B) <= 2 x 10(-6) Torr, typically <3 at.% of N and < 1.5 at.% of O was found, which did not influence the amorphous nanostructure of the layers. Multilayers deposited with a high pB similar to 2 x 10(-5) Torr. a N content its high as similar to 37 at.% was measured by elastic recoil detection analysis. These multilayers mainly Consist Of understoichiometric face-centered Cubic CrN(x)/ScN(y) nanocrystalline layers. which could be grown as thin at 0.3 nm and is explained by a stabilizing effect on the ScN(y) layers during, growth. It is also shown that by adding a background pressure of as little its 5 x 10(-6) Torr of pure N(2) the soft x-ray reflectivity (lambda = 3.11 nm) call be enhanced by more than 100% by N incorporation into the multilayer Structures. whereas pure O(2) at the same background pressure had no effect.
C1 [Ghafoor, Naureen; Eriksson, Fredrik; Mikhaylushkin, Arkady S.; Abrikosov, Igor A.; Beckers, Manfred; Hultman, Lars; Birch, Jens] Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol, IFM, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
[Gullikson, Eric. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kressig, Ulrich] Forschungszentrum, FZD, Inst Lonenstrahlphys & Mat Forsch, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
RP Ghafoor, N (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol, IFM, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
EM naugh@ifm.liu.se
RI Birch, Jens/M-4794-2016
OI Birch, Jens/0000-0002-8469-5983
FU Swedish Research Council; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
FX This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) through the
project grant "Mellanytors betydelse for nanometriska multiager" and
Linnaeus Environment Grant, LiLi NFM at Linkoping. Financial support was
also received from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)
Strategic Research Center MS2E.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 1
BP 79
EP 95
DI 10.1557/JMR.2009.0004
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 460SN
UT WOS:000267207500010
ER
PT J
AU Matias, V
Hanisch, J
Rowley, EJ
Guth, K
AF Matias, Vladimir
Haenisch, Jens
Rowley, E. John
Gueth, Konrad
TI Very fast biaxial texture evolution using high rate ion-beam-assisted
deposition of MgO
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; IBAD-MGO; THIN-FILMS; TEMPLATES
AB We examined crystalline-texture evolution during ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) of MgO thin films. We have demonstrated for the first time that in-plane crystalline texturing in IBAD of MgO scales with deposition rate. At high ion currents an in-plane texture full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 10 degrees can be achieved in less than 1 s, and 6 degrees in 2.2 S. MgO texture further improves with thickness of a homoepitaxial layer deposited on top. We have developed an empirical quantification of the texture evolution in both IBAD and homoepitaxial layers. The best texture attained thus far in the MgO layer oil polished Hastelloy tape has ail in-plane FWHM of 1.6 degrees. The high deposition rates demonstrated here make high-throughput manufacturing of IBAD textured templates a practical and cost-effective concept.
C1 [Matias, Vladimir; Haenisch, Jens; Rowley, E. John; Gueth, Konrad] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconductiv Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Matias, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconductiv Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM vlado@lanl.gov
RI Hanisch, Jens/D-8503-2011
FU Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
Reliability
FX We wish to thank Alp Findikoglu, Paul Arendt, J. Randy Groves (LANL),
and Robert Hammond University) for discussions during the course of this
work. We also thank Ruud Steenwelle, Chris Sheehan, and Ray DePaula for
technical assistance. This work was supported by the Department of
Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability.
NR 19
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 13
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
EI 2044-5326
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 1
BP 125
EP 129
DI 10.1557/JMR.2009.0036
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 460SN
UT WOS:000267207500014
ER
PT J
AU Kaatz, FH
Bultheel, A
Egami, T
AF Kaatz, Forrest H.
Bultheel, Adhemar
Egami, Takeshi
TI Real and reciprocal space order parameters for porous arrays from image
analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANODIC ALUMINA; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; NANOHOLE ARRAYS; PORE FORMATION;
SIZE; NANOSTRUCTURES; LITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; ACID
AB A real space technique based on the pair distribution function (PDF) and a reciprocal space method utilizing a 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT) quantify the order in porous arrays. Porous arrays fabricated from nanoscience technology are analyzed. The PDFs are fit with a series of Gaussian curves and the widths of the Gaussian peaks are used to model the linear strain in the array. An order parameter is defined from the PDF and takes values from [0,1], where the value 1 represents an ideal array. The radial distribution function (RDF) is also determined for the porous arrays. The FFT of the porous arrays is used to generate an order parameter as a ratio of intensity to the full width at half maximum (sigma) of the peaks. Defined as relative intensity I-r/sigma, this parameter takes values from [0,infinity], where larger values represent more order in the array. We use a variety of available software to generate this data.
C1 [Kaatz, Forrest H.] Owens Community Coll, Dept Math & Life Nat Sci, Toledo, OH 43699 USA.
[Bultheel, Adhemar] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Comp Sci, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
[Egami, Takeshi] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Egami, Takeshi] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Egami, Takeshi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kaatz, FH (reprint author), Owens Community Coll, Dept Math & Life Nat Sci, Toledo, OH 43699 USA.
EM fhkaatz@yahoo.com
RI Bultheel, Adhemar/A-2785-2016
OI Bultheel, Adhemar/0000-0001-9562-5297
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
EI 1573-4803
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 1
BP 40
EP 46
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-3154-4
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 393VN
UT WOS:000262402200002
ER
PT J
AU Song, B
Lu, WY
Syn, CJ
Chen, WN
AF Song, Bo
Lu, Wei-Yang
Syn, Chul Jin
Chen, Weinong
TI The effects of strain rate, density, and temperature on the mechanical
properties of polymethylene diisocyanate (PMDI)-based rigid polyurethane
foams during compression
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EPOXY SYNTACTIC FOAM; BEHAVIOR; WAVES
AB Compressive experiments on three types of rigid polyurethane foams were conducted by employing modified split Hopkinson pressure bars (SHPBs). The foam materials, which were based on polymethylene diisocyanate (PMDI), varied only in density (0.31 x 10(3), 0.41 x 10(3), and 0.55 x 10(3) kg/m(3)) and were compressed at strain rates as high as 3 x 10(3) s(-1). Dynamic experiments were also performed on these three foam materials at temperatures ranging from 219 to 347 K, while maintaining a fixed high strain rate of similar to 3 x 10(3) s(-1). In addition, an MTS materials testing frame was used to characterize the low-strain-rate compressive response of these three foam materials at room temperature (295 K). Our study determined the effects of density, strain rate, and temperature on the compressive response of the foam materials, resulting in a compressive stress-strain curve for each material.
C1 [Song, Bo; Lu, Wei-Yang] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Syn, Chul Jin; Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, Sch AAE, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Syn, Chul Jin; Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, Sch MSE, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Song, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM bsong@sandia.gov
RI Song, Bo/D-3945-2011
FU Sandia National Laboratories; Sandia Corporation; Lockheed Martin
Company; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Xu Nie at Purdue University for his
friendly help in obtaining scanning electron microscopy images of the
foam structures. This work was performed at Purdue University and
supported by Sandia National Laboratories, operated by Sandia
Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department
of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 2
BP 351
EP 357
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-3105-0
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 395EE
UT WOS:000262505200001
ER
PT J
AU Susan, DF
Rejent, JA
Hlava, PF
Vianco, PT
AF Susan, D. F.
Rejent, J. A.
Hlava, P. F.
Vianco, P. T.
TI Very long-term aging of 52In-48Sn (at.%) solder joints on Cu-plated
stainless steel substrates
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND LAYER; GROWTH-KINETICS; SN-IN; SYSTEMS
AB Long-term metallurgical aging was studied in thermal switches comprised of 52In-48Sn (at.%) alloy solder plugs contained in Cu-plated stainless steel cylinders. These switches are locking devices designed so that, if overheated, a "fusible" alloy melts and allows the activation of a spring-loaded mechanism. The soldered assemblies studied ranged in age from about 24 to 28 years old at the time of this analysis. A concern has been the buildup of intermetallic compound (IMC) within the solder or at the solder/substrate interface, which could raise the switch operating temperature. In this work, the melting temperature of the aged solder alloy was slightly lower (116.3 +/- A 0.3 A degrees C) than the expected value, 118.4 A degrees C (245 A degrees F), based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The slight decrease in melting temperature range was caused by the diffusion of a small amount of Cu into the solder during processing and possibly during long-term service. The interfacial IMC layer was primarily Cu(2)In(3)Sn. The IMC thickness agreed with that predicted by growth kinetics determined in a previous study, assuming aging temperatures in the vicinity of room temperature. Differences in the IMC phase chemistries were found between earlier research, which employed bulk Cu substrates, and the present analyses with thin electroplated Cu substrates. Evidence was found for depletion of the thin Cu plating layer over time, as well as incorporation of Fe and Ni from the stainless steel into the IMC layer.
C1 [Susan, D. F.; Rejent, J. A.; Hlava, P. F.; Vianco, P. T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Susan, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM dfsusan@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Mike Dugger for careful review of
the manuscript. Sincere thanks also to Alice Kilgo for metallography and
to Bonnie McKenzie for SEM analysis. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the US
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 2
BP 545
EP 555
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-3083-2
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 395EE
UT WOS:000262505200027
ER
PT J
AU Shukla, A
Baeslack, W
AF Shukla, A. K.
Baeslack, W. A., III
TI Orientation relationships and morphology of S phase in friction stir
welded Al-Cu-Mg alloy
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; PRECIPITATION
C1 [Shukla, A. K.; Baeslack, W. A., III] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM akshukla@lbl.gov
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 2
BP 676
EP 679
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-3212-y
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 395EE
UT WOS:000262505200042
ER
PT J
AU Singh, J
AF Singh, Jai
TI Radiative lifetime of triplet excitation recombinations mediated by
spin-photon interaction in semiconductors
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Optical and Optoelectronic Properties of
Materials and Applications
CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2007
CL London, ENGLAND
AB The radiative recombination of triplet exciton, is studied here theoretically in inorganic amorphous and organic crystalline semiconductors. A new time-dependent exciton-spin-orbit-photon interaction operator derived recently is used to calculate rates of radiative recombination of triplet excitons and the corresponding radiative lifetimes. It is illustrated that the new operator gives rise to a first order non-zero term responsible for the triplet photoluminescence. Results agree quite well with the known experimental results.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Singh, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jai.singh@cdu.edu.au
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4522
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 20
BP 81
EP 86
DI 10.1007/s10854-007-9449-4
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 389PL
UT WOS:000262106900018
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Wingett, D
Engelhard, MH
Feris, K
Reddy, KM
Turner, P
Layne, J
Hanley, C
Bell, J
Tenne, D
Wang, C
Punnoose, A
AF Wang, Hua
Wingett, Denise
Engelhard, Mark H.
Feris, Kevin
Reddy, K. M.
Turner, Paul
Layne, Janet
Hanley, Cory
Bell, Jason
Tenne, Dmitri
Wang, Chongmin
Punnoose, Alex
TI Fluorescent dye encapsulated ZnO particles with cell-specific toxicity
for potential use in biomedical applications
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICA NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; DELIVERY; THERAPY
AB Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-encapsulated SiO(2) core-shell particles with a nanoscale ZnO finishing layer have been synthesized for the first time as multifunctional "smart" nanostructures. Detailed characterization studies confirmed the formation of an outer ZnO layer on the SiO(2)-FITC core. These 200 nm sized particles showed promise toward cell imaging and cellular uptake studies using the bacterium Escherichia coli and Jurkat cancer cells, respectively. The FITC encapsulated ZnO particles demonstrated excellent selectivity in preferentially killing Jurkat cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal primary immune cells (18% and 75% viability remaining, respectively, after exposure to 60 mu g/ml) and inhibited the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at concentrations a parts per thousand yen250-500 mu g/ml (for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively). These results indicate that the novel FITC encapsulated multifunctional particles with nanoscale ZnO surface layer can be used as smart nanostructures for particle tracking, cell imaging, antibacterial treatments and cancer therapy.
C1 [Wang, Hua; Reddy, K. M.; Turner, Paul; Tenne, Dmitri; Punnoose, Alex] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Wingett, Denise; Feris, Kevin; Layne, Janet; Hanley, Cory; Bell, Jason] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Wingett, Denise] Mt States Tumor & Med Res Inst, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Engelhard, Mark H.; Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Punnoose, Alex] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
RP Punnoose, A (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM apunnoos@boisestate.edu
RI Wingett, Denise/A-8668-2009; Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Tenne,
Dmitri/C-3294-2009;
OI Tenne, Dmitri/0000-0003-2697-8958; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812
FU DoE-EPSCoR [DE-FG02-04ER46142]; NSF-Idaho-EPSCoR [EPS-0447689];
NSF-CAREER [DMR-0449639]; NSF-MRI [MRI-0521315, MRI-0619793,
MRI-0722699]; NIH [1R15 AI06277-01A1, 1R43 AR052955-01, P20RR016454];
Mountain States Tumor and Medical Research Institute
FX This research was supported in part by DoE-EPSCoR grant
DE-FG02-04ER46142 (Dye encapsulation and fluorescent properties),
NSF-Idaho-EPSCoR Program EPS-0447689 (biological studies), NSF-CAREER
award DMR-0449639 (nanoparticle synthesis), NSF-MRI grants MRI-0521315,
MRI-0619793 and MRI-0722699 (characterization studies), NIH awards 1R15
AI06277-01A1, 1R43 AR052955-01 and P20RR016454 (biological studies), and
Mountain States Tumor and Medical Research Institute (biological
studies). Some of the experiments were performed in the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), which is a national scientific
user facility operated by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, US Department of Energy at the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory.
NR 30
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4530
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER M
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 1
BP 11
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s10856-008-3541-z
PG 12
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 395PE
UT WOS:000262535200002
PM 18651111
ER
PT J
AU Bell, A
Brenier, JM
Gregory, M
Girand, C
Jurafsky, D
AF Bell, Alan
Brenier, Jason M.
Gregory, Michelle
Girand, Cynthia
Jurafsky, Dan
TI Predictability effects on durations of content and function words in
conversational English
SO JOURNAL OF MEMORY AND LANGUAGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Word frequency; Predictability; Content words; Function words; Word
duration; Models of speech production
ID CLOSED-CLASS WORDS; LEXICAL ACCESS; SPEECH PRODUCTION; SENTENCE
PRODUCTION; FREQUENCY; RECOGNITION; REDUNDANCY; INTELLIGIBILITY;
PRONUNCIATION; PERCEPTION
AB In a regression study of conversational speech, we show that frequency, contextual predictability, and repetition have separate contributions to word duration, despite their substantial correlations. We also found that content- and function-word durations are affected differently by their frequency and predictability. Content words are shorter when more frequent, and shorter when repeated, while function words are not so affected. Function words have shorter pronunciations, after controlling for frequency and predictability. While both content and function words are strongly affected by predictability from the word following them. sensitivity to predictability from the preceding word is largely limited to very frequent function words. The results support the view that content and function words are accessed differently in production. We suggest a lexical-access-based model of our results, in which frequency or repetition leads to shorter or longer word durations by causing faster or slower lexical access, mediated by a general mechanism that coordinates the pace of higher-level planning and the execution of the articulatory plan. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bell, Alan] Univ Colorado, Dept Linguist, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bell, Alan] Univ Colorado, Inst Cognit Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brenier, Jason M.] Cataphora Inc, Redwood City, CA USA.
[Gregory, Michelle] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Girand, Cynthia] Silver Creek Syst, Westminster, CO USA.
[Jurafsky, Dan] Stanford Univ, Dept Linguist, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Bell, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Linguist, Box 295,290 Hellems, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM alan.bell@colorado.edu
FU NSF [IIS-9733067, IIS-9978025, IIS-0624345]; Edinburgh Stanford Link
FX This research was partially supported by the NSF, via awards
IIS-9733067, IIS-9978025, and IIS-0624345, and by the Edinburgh Stanford
Link. Many thanks to Ayako Ikeno, Bill Raymond, Eric Fosler-Lussier, and
Dan Gildea for their important contributions to the compilation of the
database and to Mirjam Ernestus, Susanne Gahl, Florian Jaeger, Rebecca
Scarborough, and reviewers for many helpful suggestions. We are also
very grateful to Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel and Mari Ostendorf for
generously taking the time and effort to release to us a preliminary
version of their prosodically coded portion of Switchboard.
NR 83
TC 124
Z9 124
U1 0
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0749-596X
J9 J MEM LANG
JI J. Mem. Lang.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 60
IS 1
BP 92
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.jml.2008.06.003
PG 20
WC Linguistics; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Linguistics; Psychology
GA 390MY
UT WOS:000262169600006
ER
PT J
AU Adams, BW
AF Adams, B. W.
TI Nuclear gamma-ray superradiance
SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 39th Colloquium on Physics of Quantum Electronics
CY JAN 04-08, 2009
CL Snowbird, UT
DE superradiance; nuclear resonance
ID MOSSBAUER DIFFRACTION; RESONANT SCATTERING; QUANTUM THEORY; EMISSION;
COHERENT; EXCITATION; RADIATION; ENERGY; OPTICS; PHOTONS
AB Nuclear gamma-ray-resonant superradiance is discussed, comparing Dicke's original approach [1] and recent extensions [2,3] of Scully et al. [2-5] involving conditional excitation to the classical resonant-scattering [6-10] and the Hannon-Trammell [11-14] quantum theories. Relevant questions are whether the sample is optically thin or thick in the excitation and re-radiation processes, the role of superpositions between ground and excited states, Fermi's golden rule, and decoherence due to spatially-dependent near-field interactions [15-17]. The relation of these considerations to experimental results is discussed.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Adams, BW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM adams@aps.anl.gov
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0340
J9 J MOD OPTIC
JI J. Mod. Opt.
PY 2009
VL 56
IS 18-19
BP 1974
EP 1984
DI 10.1080/09500340903199921
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 527QE
UT WOS:000272380800011
ER
PT J
AU Oliveira, OV
Freitas, LCG
Straatsma, TP
Lins, RD
AF Oliveira, Osmair V.
Freitas, Luiz C. G.
Straatsma, T. P.
Lins, Roberto D.
TI Interaction between the CBM of Cel9A from Thermobifida fusca and
cellulose fibers
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION
LA English
DT Article
DE cellulase; CBM-cellulose interaction; molecular docking
ID SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; GROMOS
FORCE-FIELD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINDING DOMAIN; CLOSTRIDIUM
CELLULOLYTICUM; THERMOMONOSPORA-FUSCA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DIFFRACTION
AB Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MID) simulations were used to investigate the binding of a cellodextrin chain in a crystal-like conformation to the carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) of Cel9A from Thermobifida fusca. The fiber was found to bind to the CBM in a single and well-defined configuration in-line with the catalytic cleft, supporting the hypothesis that this CBM plays a role in the catalysis by feeding the catalytic domain (CD) with a polysaccharide chain. The results also expand the current known list of residues involved in the binding. The polysaccharide-protein attachment is shown to be mediated by five amine/amide-containing residues. E478 and E559 were found not to interact directly with the sugar chain; instead they seem to be responsible to stabilize the binding motif via hydrogen bonds. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Oliveira, Osmair V.; Straatsma, T. P.; Lins, Roberto D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Oliveira, Osmair V.; Freitas, Luiz C. G.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Quim, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
RP Lins, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM roberto.lins@pnl.gov
RI Lins, Roberto/J-7511-2012
OI Lins, Roberto/0000-0002-3983-8025
FU CNPq; FAPESP; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RLO1830.];
Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research
FX OVO and LCGF acknowledge CNPq and FAPESP for financial support. The
authors thank Thereza Soares for a careful reading of the manuscript and
insightful suggestions. Gratitude is also expressed to Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory through the Computational Grand Challenge
Application GC20892. This work has been partly supported by the US
Department of Energy (DOE) and the Data Intensive Computing Initiative
for Complex Biological Systems project funded by the Department of
Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research. Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle
Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830.
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0952-3499
J9 J MOL RECOGNIT
JI J. Mol. Recognit.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 1
BP 38
EP 45
DI 10.1002/jmr.925
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 389LV
UT WOS:000262095100005
PM 18853469
ER
PT J
AU Kirkpatrick, R
Masiello, T
Jariyasopit, N
Nibler, JW
Maki, A
Blake, TA
Weber, A
AF Kirkpatrick, Robynne
Masiello, Tony
Jariyasopit, Narumol
Nibler, Joseph W.
Maki, Arthur
Blake, Thomas A.
Weber, Alfons
TI High-resolution rovibrational study of the Coriolis-coupled nu(12) and
nu(15) modes of [1.1.1]propellane
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Infrared; Rovibrational spectrum; High resolution; Ab inito; Propellane
ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; <1.1.1>PROPELLANE; SPECTRUM
AB Infrared spectra of the small strained cage molecule [1.1.1]propellane have been obtained at high resolution (0.0015 cm(-1)) and the J. K, and l rovibrational structure has been resolved for the first time. We recently used these spectra to obtain combination-differences to deduce ground state parameters for propellane; over 4100 differences from five fundamental and four combination bands were used in the fitting process. The combination-difference approach eliminated potential errors caused by localized perturbations in the upper states and gave well-determined ground state parameters. In the current work, these ground state constants were fixed when fitting the upper state parameters for the nu(12) (e') perpendicular and nu(15) (a(2)'') parallel bands. Over 4000 infrared transitions were fitted for each band, with J, K values ranging up to 71, 51 and 92, 90, respectively. While the transition wavenumbers for both bands can be fit nicely using separate analyses for each band, the strong intensity perturbations observed in the weaker nu(12) band indicated that Coriolis coupling between the two modes was significant and should be included. Due to correlations with other parameters, the Coriolis coupling parameter zeta(y)(15,12 alpha) for the nu(15) and nu(12) interaction is poorly determined by a transition wavenumber fit alone but, fortunately, the intensity perturbations gave useful added constraints on zeta(y)(15,12 alpha). By combining the wavenumber fit with a fit of experimental intensities, a value of -0.42 was obtained, quite close to the value of -0.44 predicted by Gaussian ab initio density functional calculations using a cc-pVTZ basis. This intensity fit also yielded a (partial derivative mu(z)/partial derivative Q(15))/(partial derivative mu(x)/partial derivative Q(12 alpha)) dipole derivative ratio of 36.5, in reasonable agreement with a value of 29.2 predicted by the ab initio calculations. This ratio is unusually high due to large charge movement as the novel central C-axial-C-axial bond is displaced along the symmetry axis of the molecule for the nu(15) mode. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kirkpatrick, Robynne; Jariyasopit, Narumol; Nibler, Joseph W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Masiello, Tony] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Weber, Alfons] NIST, Opt Tech Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Nibler, JW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, 101 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM joseph.nibler@orst.edu
FU Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory
FX The research described here was performed, in part, in the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility
sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory. We thank Robert Sans for helpful advice and assistance in
recording the infrared spectra of propellane in this facility, and Dr.
Tim Hubler, also at PNNL, for his advice on synthesis techniques.
Support to J.W. Nibler from the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Senior
Scientist Mentor Program is acknowledged.
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 253
IS 1
BP 41
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2008.09.013
PG 10
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 394LF
UT WOS:000262447500007
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, WJ
Flaud, JM
Ngom, EHA
Sams, RL
AF Lafferty, W. J.
Flaud, J. -M.
Ngom, El Hadji Abib
Sams, R. L.
TI (SO2)-S-34-O-16: High-resolution analysis of the (030),(101), (111),
(002) and (201) vibrational states; determination of equilibrium
rotational constants for sulfur dioxide and anharmonic vibrational
constants
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE High resolution infrared spectra; Rotation-vibration constants;
Equilibrium structure; Vibrational harmonic and anharmonic constants
AB High resolution Fourier transform spectra of a sample of sulfur dioxide, enriched in S-34 (95.3%). were completely analyzed leading to a large set of assigned lines. The experimental levels derived from this set of transitions were fit to within their experimental uncertainties using Watson-type Hamiltonians. Precise band centers, rotational and centrifugal distortion constants were determined. The following band centers in cm(-1) were obtained: nu(0)(3 nu(2))=1538.720198(11), nu(0)(nu(1) + nu(3))=2475.828004(29), nu(0)(nu(1) + nu(2) + nu(3))=2982.118600(20), nu(0)(2 nu(3))=2679.800919(35), and nu(0)(2 nu(1) + nu(3))=3598.773915(38). The rotational constants obtained in this work have been fit together with the rotational constants of lower-lying vibrational states [W.J. Lafferty, J.-M. Flaud, R.L. Sams. EL Hadjiabib, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 252 (2008) 72-76] to obtain equilibrium constants as well as vibration-rotation constants. These equilibrium constants have been fit together with those of (SO2)-S-32-O-16 [J.-M. Flaud, W.J. Lafferty, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 16 (1993) 396-402] leading to an improved equilibrium structure. Finally the observed band centers have been fit to obtain anharmonic rotational constants. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Lafferty, W. J.] NIST, Optical Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Flaud, J. -M.] Univ Paris Est, CNRS, Lab Inter Univ Syst Atmospher, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Flaud, J. -M.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, Lab Inter Univ Syst Atmospher, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Ngom, El Hadji Abib] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Ecole Super Polytech, Dakar, Senegal.
[Sams, R. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lafferty, WJ (reprint author), NIST, Optical Technol, MS 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program; United States Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division;
United States Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830]
FX The portion of this work performed at NIST was supported by the NASA
Upper Atmosphere Research Program. This research was also supported, in
part, by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division and the experimental part was
performed at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory,
a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at the
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated for the United States Department of Energy by
Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. This paper has been greatly
improved by the editorial comments of Marilyn jacox.
NR 8
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 253
IS 1
BP 51
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2008.09.006
PG 4
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 394LF
UT WOS:000262447500008
ER
PT J
AU Steinwart, I
Hush, D
Scovel, C
AF Steinwart, Ingo
Hush, Don
Scovel, Clint
TI Learning from dependent observations
SO JOURNAL OF MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Support vector machine; Consistency; Non-stationary mixing process;
Classification; Regression
ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; CONSISTENCY; PREDICTION; REGRESSION
AB In most papers establishing consistency for learning algorithms it is assumed that the observations used for training are realizations of an i.i.d. process. In this paper we go far beyond this classical framework by showing that support vector machines (SVMs) only require that the data-generating process satisfies a certain law of large numbers. We then consider the learnability of SVMs for alpha-mixing (not necessarily stationary) processes for both classification and regression, where for the latter we explicitly allow unbounded noise. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Steinwart, Ingo; Hush, Don; Scovel, Clint] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Steinwart, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci Grp, CCS-3,MS B256, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ingo@lanl.gov; dhush@lanl.gov; jcs@lanl.gov
OI Steinwart, Ingo/0000-0002-4436-7109
NR 45
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0047-259X
J9 J MULTIVARIATE ANAL
JI J. Multivar. Anal.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 100
IS 1
BP 175
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.jmva.2008.04.001
PG 20
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 374JX
UT WOS:000261040700014
ER
PT J
AU Dirk, SM
Howell, SW
Price, BK
Fan, HY
Washburn, C
Wheeler, DR
Tour, JM
Whiting, J
Simonson, RJ
AF Dirk, Shawn M.
Howell, Stephen W.
Price, B. Katherine
Fan, Hongyou
Washburn, Cody
Wheeler, David R.
Tour, James M.
Whiting, Joshua
Simonson, R. Joseph
TI Vapor Sensing Using Conjugated Molecule-Linked Au Nanoparticles in a
Silica Matrix
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CHEMIRESISTOR; SENSOR;
FILMS; ARRAYS; SENSITIVITY; SURFACES
AB Cross-linked assemblies of nanoparticles are of great value as chemiresistor-type sensors. Herein, we report a simple method to fabricate a chemiresistor-type sensor that minimizes the swelling transduction mechanism while optimizing the change in dielectric response. Sensors prepared with this methodology showed enhanced chemoselectivity for phosphonates which are useful surrogates for chemical weapons. Chemoselective sensors were fabricated using an aqueous solution of gold nanoparticles that were then cross-linked in the presence of the silica precursor, tetraethyl orthosilicate with the alpha-, omega-dithiolate (which is derived from the in situ deprotection of 1,4-di(Phenylethynyl-4', 4 ''-diacetylthio)-benzene (1) with wet triethylamine). The cross-linked nanoparticles and silica matrix were drop coated onto interdigitated electrodes having 8 mu m spacing. Samples were exposed to a series of analytes including dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), octane, and toluene. A limit of detection was obtained for each analyte. Sensors assembled in this fashion were more sensitive to dimethyl methylphosphonate than to octane by a factor of 1000. Copyright (C) 2009 Shawn M. Dirk et al.
C1 [Dirk, Shawn M.; Washburn, Cody] Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Howell, Stephen W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Advanced Sensor Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Price, B. Katherine; Tour, James M.] Rice Univ, Smalley Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Price, B. Katherine; Tour, James M.] Rice Univ, Smalley Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Price, B. Katherine; Tour, James M.] Rice Univ, Smalley Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Fan, Hongyou] Sandia Natl Labs, Ceram Proc & Inorgan Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Wheeler, David R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Whiting, Joshua; Simonson, R. Joseph] Sandia Natl Labs, Micrototal Analyt Syst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Dirk, SM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, MS 0892, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM smdirk@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL8500]; Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the US Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC04-94AL8500. The same Department of Energy contract supported the
internship of BKP when working at Sandia, while her work at Rice
University was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 11
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2009
AR 481270
DI 10.1155/2009/481270
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 394SZ
UT WOS:000262469400001
ER
PT J
AU Fan, HY
Lu, YF
Ramanath, G
Pomposo, JA
AF Fan, Hongyou
Lu, Yunfeng
Ramanath, Ganapathiraman
Pomposo, Jose A.
TI Emerging Multifunctional Nanostructures
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pomposo, Jose A.] Ctr Electrochem Technol CIDETEC, New Mat Dept, E-20009 Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
[Fan, Hongyou] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Lu, Yunfeng] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Chem Biomol Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Ramanath, Ganapathiraman] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Pomposo, JA (reprint author), Ctr Electrochem Technol CIDETEC, New Mat Dept, E-20009 Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
EM jpomposo@cidetec.es
RI Ramanath, Ganpati/C-1157-2011; pomposo, jose a./F-1268-2017;
OI Ramanath, Ganpati/0000-0002-8718-9760; pomposo, jose
a./0000-0003-4620-807X; Pomposo, Jose A./0000-0001-9458-4200
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2009
AR 281721
DI 10.1155/2009/281721
PG 2
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 443OT
UT WOS:000265920300001
ER
PT J
AU Han, CY
Xiao, ZL
Wang, HH
Lin, XM
Trasobares, S
Cook, RE
AF Han, Catherine Y.
Xiao, Zhi-Li
Wang, H. Hau
Lin, Xiao-Min
Trasobares, Susana
Cook, Russell E.
TI Facile Synthesis of Highly Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes from
Polymer Precursors
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALUMINUM-OXIDE FILM; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; ANODIC POROUS ALUMINA;
LARGE-SCALE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; FIELD-EMISSION; SINGLE; FABRICATION;
MEMBRANES; TEMPLATE
AB We report a facile one-step approach which involves no flammable gas, no catalyst, and no in situ polymerization for the preparation of well-aligned carbon nanotube array. A polymer precursor is placed on top of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane containing regular nanopore arrays, and slow heating under Ar flow allows the molten polymer to wet the template through adhesive force. The polymer spread into the nanopores of the template to form polymer nanotubes. Upon carbonization the resulting multi-walled carbon nanotubes duplicate the nanopores morphology precisely. The process is demonstrated for 230, 50, and 20 nm pore membranes. The synthesized carbon nanotubes are characterized with scanning/transmission electron microscopies, Raman spectroscopy, and resistive measurements. Convenient functionalization of the nanotubes with this method is demonstrated through premixing CoPt nanoparticles in the polymer precursors. Copyright (C) 2009 Catherine Y. Han et al.
C1 [Han, Catherine Y.; Xiao, Zhi-Li; Wang, H. Hau; Trasobares, Susana; Cook, Russell E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Han, Catherine Y.] Richard J Daley Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60652 USA.
[Xiao, Zhi-Li] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Lin, Xiao-Min] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Trasobares, Susana] Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat, Cadiz 11510, Spain.
RP Wang, HH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM hau.wang@anl.gov
RI Trasobares, Susana/H-5282-2015
OI Trasobares, Susana/0000-0003-3820-4327
FU U. S. Department of Energy Office [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory and the electron microscopy
accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research
are supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National
Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U. S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory, is operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 55
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 16
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2009
AR 562376
DI 10.1155/2009/562376
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 465BR
UT WOS:000267556100001
ER
PT J
AU Katzenmeyer, AM
Bayam, Y
Logeeswaran, VJ
Pitcher, MW
Nur, Y
Seyyidoglu, S
Toppare, LK
Talin, AA
Han, H
Davis, CE
Islam, MS
AF Katzenmeyer, Aaron M.
Bayam, Yavuz
Logeeswaran, V. J.
Pitcher, Michael W.
Nur, Yusuf
Seyyidoglu, Semih
Toppare, Levent K.
Talin, A. Alec
Han, Huilan
Davis, Cristina E.
Islam, M. Saif
TI Poly(hydridocarbyne) as Highly Processable Insulating Polymer Precursor
to Micro/Nanostructures and Graphite Conductors
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; FILMS
AB Carbon-based electronic materials have received much attention since the discovery and elucidation of the properties of the nanotube, fullerene allotropes, and conducting polymers. Amorphous carbon, graphite, graphene, and diamond have also been the topics of intensive research. In accordance with this interest, we herein provide the details of a novel and facile method for synthesis of poly(hydridocarbyne) (PHC), a preceramic carbon polymer reported to undergo a conversion to diamond-like carbon (DLC) upon pyrolysis and also provide electrical characterization after low-temperature processing and pyrolysis of this material. The results indicate that the strongly insulating polymer becomes notably conductive in bulk form upon heating and contains interspersed micro-and nanostructures, which are the subject of ongoing research. Copyright (C) 2009 Aaron M. Katzenmeyer et al.
C1 [Katzenmeyer, Aaron M.; Bayam, Yavuz; Logeeswaran, V. J.; Islam, M. Saif] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bayam, Yavuz] Sakarya Univ, Dept Comp Engn, TR-54178 Sakarya, Turkey.
[Pitcher, Michael W.; Nur, Yusuf; Seyyidoglu, Semih; Toppare, Levent K.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Chem, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
[Talin, A. Alec] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Han, Huilan; Davis, Cristina E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Islam, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM saif@ece.ucdavis.edu
RI Davis, Cristina/C-4437-2008; Katzenmeyer, Aaron/F-7961-2014
OI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 17
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2009
AR 832327
DI 10.1155/2009/832327
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 394TE
UT WOS:000262469900001
ER
PT J
AU Sun, C
Gardner, JS
Shurdha, E
Margulieux, KR
Westover, RD
Lau, L
Long, G
Bajracharya, C
Wang, CM
Thurber, A
Punnoose, A
Rodriguez, RG
Pak, JJ
AF Sun, Chivin
Gardner, Joseph S.
Shurdha, Endrit
Margulieux, Kelsey R.
Westover, Richard D.
Lau, Lisa
Long, Gary
Bajracharya, Cyril
Wang, Chongmin
Thurber, Aaron
Punnoose, Alex
Rodriguez, Rene G.
Pak, Joshua J.
TI A High-Yield Synthesis of Chalcopyrite CuInS2 Nanoparticles with
Exceptional Size Control
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-SOURCE PRECURSORS; DOT SOLAR-CELLS; FACILE ROUTE
AB We report high-yield and efficient size-controlled syntheses of Chalcopyrite CuInS2 nanoparticles by decomposing molecular single source precursors (SSPs) via microwave irradiation in the presence of 1,2-ethanedithiol at reaction temperatures as low as 100 degrees C and times as short as 30 minutes. The nanoparticles sizes were 1.8nm to 10.8 nm as reaction temperatures were varied from 100 degrees C to 200 degrees C with the bandgaps from 2.71 eV to 1.28 eV with good size control and high yields (64%-95%). The resulting nanoparticles were analyzed by XRD, UV-Vis, ICP-OES, XPS, SEM, EDS, and HRTEM. Titration studies by H-1 NMR using SSP 1 with 1,2-ethanedithiol and benzyl mercaptan were conducted to elucidate the formation of Chalcopyrite CuInS2 nanoparticles. Copyright (C) 2009 Chivin Sun et al.
C1 [Sun, Chivin; Shurdha, Endrit; Margulieux, Kelsey R.; Westover, Richard D.; Lau, Lisa; Long, Gary; Bajracharya, Cyril; Rodriguez, Rene G.; Pak, Joshua J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Chem, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Gardner, Joseph S.] Coll So Idaho, Dept Phys Sci, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA.
[Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Willey Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Thurber, Aaron; Punnoose, Alex] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
RP Pak, JJ (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Chem, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
EM pakjosh@isu.edu
FU DOE; EPSCoR [DE-FG02-04ER46142]; NSF-MRI [0722699]
FX The authors would like to thank DOE for financial support through the
EPSCoR Grant no. DE-FG02-04ER46142 and instrument acquisition from
NSF-MRI award 0722699. The HRTEM data was gathered using EMSL, a
national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 22
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 17
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2009
AR 748567
DI 10.1155/2009/748567
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 576KN
UT WOS:000276143400001
ER
PT J
AU Yu, KO
Grabinski, CM
Schrand, AM
Murdock, RC
Wang, W
Gu, BH
Schlager, JJ
Hussain, SM
AF Yu, Kyung O.
Grabinski, Christin M.
Schrand, Amanda M.
Murdock, Richard C.
Wang, Wei
Gu, Baohua
Schlager, John J.
Hussain, Saber M.
TI Toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles in mouse keratinocytes
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxidative stress; Mouse keratinocytes; Size-dependent toxicity of
nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Occupational health; EHS
ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; PULMONARY TOXICITY; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GENE
DELIVERY; QUANTUM DOTS; PARTICLES; NANOTOXICOLOGY; PENETRATION;
FABRICATION; CELLS
AB The present study was designed to examine the uptake, localization, and the cytotoxic effects of well-dispersed amorphous silica nanoparticles in mouse keratinocytes (HEL-30). Mouse keratinocytes were exposed for 24 h to various concentrations of amorphous silica nanoparticles in homogeneous suspensions of average size distribution (30, 48, 118, and 535 nm SiO(2)) and then assessed for uptake and biochemical changes. Results of transmission electron microscopy revealed all sizes of silica were taken up into the cells and localized into the cytoplasm. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay shows LDH leakage was dose- and size-dependent with exposure to 30 and 48 nm nanoparticles. However, no LDH leakage was observed for either 118 or 535 nm nanoparticles. The mitochondrial viability assay (MTT) showed significant toxicity for 30 and 48 nm at high concentrations (100 mu g/mL) compared to the 118 and 535 nm particles. Further studies were carried out to investigate if cellular reduced GSH and mitochondria membrane potential are involved in the mechanism of SiO(2) toxicity. The redox potential of cells (GSH) was reduced significantly at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mu g/mL at 30 nm nanoparticle exposures. However, silica nanoparticles larger than 30 nm showed no changes in GSH levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation did not show any significant change between controls and the exposed cells. In summary, amorphous silica nanoparticles below 100 nm induced cytotoxicity suggest size of the particles is critical to produce biological effects.
C1 [Yu, Kyung O.; Grabinski, Christin M.; Schrand, Amanda M.; Murdock, Richard C.; Schlager, John J.; Hussain, Saber M.] USAF, Res Lab, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Dayton, OH USA.
[Wang, Wei; Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Hussain, SM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Dayton, OH USA.
EM saber.hussain@wpafb.af.mil
RI Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [BIN 2312A214]
FX The authors like to thank Col J. Riddle for his strong support and
encouragement for this research. Our thanks also go to Paul Bloomer and
Richard Freeman for their computer support. This work was supported by
the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Project (BIN#
2312A214).
NR 25
TC 109
Z9 110
U1 4
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 1
BP 15
EP 24
DI 10.1007/s11051-008-9417-9
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 389WM
UT WOS:000262125200003
ER
PT J
AU Warren, JB
AF Warren, John B.
TI Elemental analysis of nanoparticles via electron beam lithography of
patterned arrays on silicon-nitride membranes
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elemental x-ray analysis; carbon nanotube; nanoparticle; electron beam
lithography; silicon-nitride membrane
ID STEM
AB I devised a method of electron beam lithography for patterning thin-film silicon-nitride membranes with nanoscale metal arrays of known dimensions. Employing SEM image-based metrology and ellipsometry to determine all three spatial dimensions of the metal nanostructures in the array, the calculated mass of each individual one can be used as a standard for elemental X-ray microanalysis. Thereafter, the net X-ray counts from the patterned nanostructures on a thin silicon-nitride substrate and nanoparticle unknowns can be compared directly for a "standards-based" quantitative analysis. The minimum mass detectable by this technique is similar to 10(-15) gm, supporting the determination of the absolute mass of nanoparticles with diameters as small as 20 to 30 nm. I then used a JEOL 6500F SEM equipped with a Bruker Quantax XFlash 4030 silicon drift detector (SDD) to assess the absolute masses of nickel nanoparticles contained in agglomerates of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Warren, JB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM warren@bnl.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy [De-AC002-98CH10886]
FX This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC
under Contract No. De-AC002-98CH10886 with the U. S. Department of
Energy. The United States Government retains, and with the publisher, by
accepting this article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide
license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript,
or allow others to do so, for United States government purchases.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1934-2608
J9 J NANOPHOTONICS
JI J. Nanophotonics
PY 2009
VL 3
AR 031990
DI 10.1117/1.3266495
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA 526WS
UT WOS:000272327200009
ER
PT J
AU Cavalier, L
Hengartner, N
AF Cavalier, Laurent
Hengartner, NicolasW.
TI Estimating linear functionals in Poisson mixture models
SO JOURNAL OF NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Poisson mixtures; linear functionals; inverse problems
ID EXPONENTIAL FAMILY MODELS; MIXING DENSITIES; INVERSE PROBLEMS;
DECONVOLUTION; RATES
AB This paper concerns the problem of estimating linear functionals of the mixing distribution from Poisson mixture observations. In particular, linear functionals for which a parametric rate of convergence cannot be achieved are studied. It appears that Gaussian functionals are rather easy to estimate. Estimation of the distribution functions is then considered by approximating this functional using Gaussian functionals. Finally, the case of smooth distribution functions is considered in order to deal with rather general linear functionals.
C1 [Cavalier, Laurent] Univ Aix Marseille 1, CMI, Lab Anal Topol & Probabil, F-13453 Marseille 13, France.
[Hengartner, NicolasW.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Stat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Cavalier, L (reprint author), Univ Aix Marseille 1, CMI, Lab Anal Topol & Probabil, 39 Rue Joliot Curie, F-13453 Marseille 13, France.
EM cavalier@cmi.univ-mrs.fr
OI Hengartner, Nicolas/0000-0002-4157-134X
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1048-5252
EI 1029-0311
J9 J NONPARAMETR STAT
JI J. Nonparametr. Stat.
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 6
BP 713
EP 728
DI 10.1080/10485250902971716
PG 16
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 479NC
UT WOS:000268665300004
ER
PT J
AU Windisch, CF
Henager, CH
Engelhard, MH
Bennett, WD
AF Windisch, C. F., Jr.
Henager, C. H., Jr.
Engelhard, M. H.
Bennett, W. D.
TI Raman and XPS characterization of fuel-cladding interactions using
miniature specimens
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON CHROMIUM-ALLOYS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STEEL; PERSPECTIVE; REACTOR
AB A combination of laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied in a study of fuel-cladding chemical interactions on miniature oxide-coated HT-9 disks at elevated temperature. The experiments were intended as a preliminary step toward the development of a quick-screening technique for candidate alloys for cladding materials and actinide-based mixed oxide fuel mixtures. The results indicated that laser Raman spectroscopy was capable of determining the major oxides on HT-9 and how they changed in composition due to heating. However, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was necessary to identify the role of the metallic phases and provide depth resolution. Using the two techniques the kinetics of chromia growth were shown to be affected by the presence of an applied oxide coating. A single replacement reaction involving residual reduced metal within the coating was also identified. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Windisch, C. F., Jr.; Henager, C. H., Jr.; Engelhard, M. H.; Bennett, W. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Fundamental & Computat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Windisch, CF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Fundamental & Computat Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM cf.windisch@pnl.gov
RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010;
OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812
FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy
[DE-AC06-76RLO1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research
FX This research was sponsored by the Sustainable Nuclear Power Initiative
at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program. PNNL is operated by Battelle
Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC06-76RLO1830. A portion of the research was performed in the
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological
and Environmental Research and located at PNNL.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 383
IS 3
BP 237
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.09.028
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 386TN
UT WOS:000261905600006
ER
PT J
AU Talamo, A
Pouchon, MA
Venneri, F
AF Talamo, Alberto
Pouchon, Manuel A.
Venneri, Francesco
TI Alternative configurations for the QUADRISO fuel design concept
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIOR; OXIDE
AB This letter extends the work performed at Argonne National Laboratory on the QUADRISO fuel particles concept for High Temperature Reactors. Different configurations of the QUADRISO fuel particles concept are proposed and examined. The concept of QUADRISO fuel particles allocates an extra burnable poison layer next to the fuel kernel to reduce the initial excess of reactivity and enhance the reactor performance. The alternative proposed configurations introduced in this letter compare the performances of the previous configuration with two alternative configurations where the burnable poison is mixed in the fuel kernel for simplifying the manufacture process or in the outer pyrocarbon layer. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Talamo, Alberto] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Pouchon, Manuel A.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Venneri, Francesco] Logos Corp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Talamo, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM alby@anl.gov
RI Pouchon, Manuel Alexandre/J-7213-2015;
OI talamo, alberto/0000-0001-5685-0483
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported under U.S. Department
of Energy Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Dr. Domenico
Paladino (PSI, Switzerland) for discussing the QUADRISO particles
concept.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 383
IS 3
BP 264
EP 266
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.09.010
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 386TN
UT WOS:000261905600010
ER
PT J
AU Ohnuki, T
Yoshida, T
Ozaki, T
Kozai, N
Sakamoto, F
Nankawa, T
Suzuki, Y
Francis, AJ
AF Ohnuki, Toshihiko
Yoshida, Takahiro
Ozaki, Takuo
Kozai, Naofumi
Sakamoto, Fuminori
Nankawa, Takuya
Suzuki, Yoshinori
Francis, Arokiasamy J.
TI Modeling of the Interaction of Pu(VI) with the Mixture of Microorganism
and Clay
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE plutonium; soil bacteria; kaolinite; reduction; biotransformation;
modeling
ID PLUTONIUM; SORPTION; PU; ACCUMULATION; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; BACTERIA;
AM
AB A model analysis of the transformation of Pu(VI) in a mixture of a common soil bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and kaolinite clay was carried out. A simplified kinetic model, where the adsorptions of Pu(VI) and Pu(V) are assumed to be in instantaneous equilibrium and the two-step reduction of Pu(VI) to Pu(V) and then to Pu(IV) is described by a first-order rate law, was proposed. When we assumed in the model analysis that the reduction rate of Pu(V) to Pu(IV) was higher for B. subtilis than for kaolinite, the estimated fractions of Pu in the solution and in the mixture, and the oxidation states of Pu in the solution and in the Mixture were in good agreement with the measured ones. On the contrary, the assumption that the reduction rate of Pu(V) to Pu(IV) for kaolinite was the same as that for B. subtilis gave a wrong prediction of Pu association with the mixture. These results strongly suggest that Pu(V) on the bacterial cell is reduced to Pu(IV) by the bacterially mediated electron transfer process during the accumulation of Pu(VI) in the mixture.
C1 [Ohnuki, Toshihiko; Yoshida, Takahiro; Ozaki, Takuo; Kozai, Naofumi; Sakamoto, Fuminori; Nankawa, Takuya; Suzuki, Yoshinori] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan.
[Yoshida, Takahiro] Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan.
[Francis, Arokiasamy J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Ohnuki, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan.
EM ohnuki.toshihiko@jaea.go.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology;
Environmental Remediation Sciences Program, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH 10886]
FX This research was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to T. Ohnuki, and
by the Environmental Remediation Sciences Program, Office of Biological
and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH 10886 to A. J. Francis.
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3131
EI 1881-1248
J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL
JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 1
BP 55
EP 59
DI 10.1080/18811248.2007.9711507
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 413BV
UT WOS:000263768800009
ER
PT J
AU Ashley, K
Ekechukwu, A
AF Ashley, Kevin
Ekechukwu, Amy
TI Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Beryllium
Particulates and Their Detection November 17-19, 2008, Albuquerque, New
Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Ashley, Kevin] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
[Ekechukwu, Amy] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Ashley, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RI Ashley, Kevin/C-9005-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 89
EP 90
AR PII 916671120
DI 10.1080/15459620903158607
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100001
PM 28125333
ER
PT J
AU Lumia, ME
Gentile, C
Gochfeld, M
Efthimion, P
Robson, M
AF Lumia, Margaret E.
Gentile, Charles
Gochfeld, Michael
Efthimion, Philip
Robson, Mark
TI Evaluation of an Innovative Use of Removable Thin Film Coating
Technology for the Abatement of Hazardous Contaminants
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
DE abatement; contaminants; hazardous; thin film coating
AB This study evaluates a new decontamination technique for the mitigation and abatement of hazardous particulates. The traditional decontamination methods used to clean facilities and equipment are time-consuming, prolonging workers' exposure time, may generate airborne hazards, and can be expensive. The use of removable thin film coating as a decontamination technique for surface contamination proved to be a more efficient method of decontamination. This method was tested at three different sites on different hazardous metals. One application of the coating reduced the levels of these metals 90% and had an average reduction of one magnitude. The paired t-tests that were performed for each metal demonstrated that there was a statistically significant reduction of the metal after the use of the coating: lead (p = 0.03), beryllium (p = 0.05), aluminum (p = 0.006), iron (p = 0.0001), and copper (p = 0.004). The Kendall tau-b correlation coefficient demonstrates that there was a positive correlation between the initial levels of contamination and the removal efficiency for all the samples taken from different locations on the floor for each of the three sites. This new decontamination technique worked efficiently, requiring only one application, which decreased exposure time and did not generate any airborne dust.
C1 [Lumia, Margaret E.; Gentile, Charles; Efthimion, Philip] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08541 USA.
[Gochfeld, Michael] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Robson, Mark] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
RP Efthimion, P (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Forrestal Campus,POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08541 USA.
EM melumia@aol.com
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES005022]
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 8
BP 491
EP 498
DI 10.1080/15459620902966950
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 447DH
UT WOS:000266171300006
PM 19437305
ER
PT J
AU Hong-Geller, E
AF Hong-Geller, Elizabeth
TI A Role for Cell Adhesion in Beryllium-Mediated Lung Disease
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection
CY NOV 17-19, 2008
CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico
DE beryllium; cell adhesion; host immune response
ID AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; T-CELLS; EXPOSURE; SENSITIZATION; EXPRESSION;
CHEMOKINES; SARCOIDOSIS; IMMUNOLOGY; MOLECULE-1; ALPHA
AB Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a debilitating lung disorder in which exposure to the lightweight metal beryllium (Be) causes the accumulation of beryllium-specific CD4+ T cells in the lung and formation of noncaseating pulmonary granulomas. Treatment for CBD patients who exhibit progressive pulmonary decline is limited to systemic corticosteroids, which suppress the severe host inflammatory response. Studies in the past several years have begun to highlight cell-cell adhesion interactions in the development of Be hypersensitivity and CBD. In particular, the high binding affinity between intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (I-CAM1) on lung epithelial cells and the 2 integrin LFA-1 on migrating lymphocytes and macrophages regulates the concerted rolling of immune cells to sites of inflammation in the lung. In this review, we discuss the evidence that implicates cell adhesion processes in onset of Be disease and the potential of cell adhesion as an intervention point for development of novel therapies.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Hong-Geller, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, TA-43,HRL1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ehong@lanl.gov
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 727
EP 731
AR PII 916671011
DI 10.1080/15459620903011160
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100004
PM 19894172
ER
PT J
AU McCleskey, TM
Scott, BL
AF McCleskey, T. Mark
Scott, Brian L.
TI Beryllium and Strong Hydrogen Bonds
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection
CY NOV 17-19, 2008
CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico
DE beryllium; chronic beryllium disease; hydrogen bond
ID COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ALUMINUM CITRATE; COMPLEXES; DISEASE; METAL;
BINDING; SAMPLES; LIGAND; ACIDS
AB We compare beryllium to H+ and show that beryllium can displace H+ in many ostrong hydrogen bondso where Be as a otetrahedral protono (O-Be-O angle is tetrahedral as opposed to the nearly linear O-HO angle) is thermodynamically preferred. The strong hydrogen bond provides two advantages. First, the O-X distance in a strong hydrogen bond is in the range 2.4-2.8 angstrom, which brings two oxygen atoms into a predefined chelating binding site for beryllium. Second, the strong hydrogen bond provides a low barrier pathway to displace the proton without breaking a strong covalent O-H bond by shifting the proton to the more acidic site as Be interacts with the basic oxygen. The low barrier to proton transfer associated with a strong hydrogen bond provides a kinetic pathway for Be binding, and the binding strength increases with the increasing basicity of the site as indicated by the pKa. The physiological importance of this type of interaction is demonstrated with the solubility of a variety of Be complexes at pH 7. Based on this concept, new ligands have been designed for Be binding that solubilize Be in phosphate media and can be used as fluorescent imaging agents. Finally, the binding of Be to the iron transport protein transferrin is discussed as it relates to the same type of binding.
C1 [McCleskey, T. Mark; Scott, Brian L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP McCleskey, TM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA-MC,MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM tmark@lanl.gov
RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017;
OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245
NR 34
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 751
EP 757
AR PII 916670962
DI 10.1080/15459620903025574
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100008
PM 19894176
ER
PT J
AU Ekechukwu, A
Hendricks, W
White, KT
Liabastre, A
Archuleta, M
Hoover, MD
AF Ekechukwu, Amy
Hendricks, Warren
White, Kenneth T.
Liabastre, Albert
Archuleta, Melecita
Hoover, Mark D.
TI Validation of Analytical Methods and Instrumentation for Beryllium
Measurement: Review and Summary of Available Guides, Procedures, and
Protocols
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection
CY NOV 17-19, 2008
CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico
DE analytical method development; beryllium; validation; protocol
AB This document provides a listing of available sources that can be used to validate analytical methods and/or instrumentation for beryllium determination. A literature review was conducted of available standard methods and publications used for method validation and/or quality control. An annotated listing of the articles, papers, and books reviewed is given in the Appendix. Available validation documents and guides are listed therein; each has a brief description of application and use. In the referenced sources, there are varying approaches to validation and varying descriptions of the validation process at different stages in method development. This discussion focuses on validation and verification of fully developed methods and instrumentation that have been offered for use or approval by other laboratories or official consensus bodies such as ASTM International, the International Standards Organization, the International Electrotechnical Commission, and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. This review was conducted as part of a collaborative effort to investigate and improve the state of validation for measuring beryllium in the workplace and the environment. Documents and publications from the United States and Europe are included.
C1 [Ekechukwu, Amy] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Archuleta, Melecita] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Hoover, Mark D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Hendricks, Warren] Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Sandy, UT USA.
[White, Kenneth T.] Consult Serv, Virginia Beach, VA USA.
[Liabastre, Albert] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft Mcpherson, GA USA.
RP Ekechukwu, A (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Analyt Dev Bldg 773-41A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM amy.ekechukwu@srnl.doe.gov
RI Hoover, Mark/I-4201-2012
OI Hoover, Mark/0000-0002-8726-8127
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 766
EP 774
AR PII 916671099
DI 10.1080/15459620903260536
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100011
PM 19894179
ER
PT J
AU Silva, S
Ganguly, K
Fresquez, TM
Gupta, G
McCleskey, TM
Chaudhary, A
AF Silva, Shannon
Ganguly, Kumkum
Fresquez, Theresa M.
Gupta, Goutam
McCleskey, T. Mark
Chaudhary, Anu
TI Beryllium Alters Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Intracellular
Phosphorylation and Cytokine Release in Human Peripheral Blood
Mononuclear Cells
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection
CY NOV 17-19, 2008
CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico
DE beryllium; cytokines; human; lipopolysaccharide
ID HUMAN MONOCYTIC CELLS; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GRAIN DUST;
T-CELLS; SARCOIDOSIS; ENDOTOXIN; DISEASE; ACTIVATION; MACROPHAGES
AB Beryllium exposure in susceptible individuals leads to the development of chronic beryllium disease, a lung disorder marked by release of inflammatory cytokine and granuloma formation. We have previously reported that beryllium induces an immune response even in blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals. In this study, we investigate the effects of beryllium on lipopolysaccharide-mediated cytokine release in blood mononuclear and dendritic cells from healthy individuals. We found that in vitro treatment of beryllium sulfate inhibits the secretion of lipopolysaccharide-mediated interleukin 10, while the release of interleukin 1 is enhanced. In addition, not all lipopolysaccharide-mediated responses are altered, as interleukin 6 release in unaffected upon beryllium treatment. Beryllium sulfate-treated cells show altered phosphotyrosine levels upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Significantly, beryllium inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transducer 3, induced by lipopolysaccharide. Finally, inhibitors of phosphoinositide-3 kinase mimic the effects of beryllium in inhibition of interleukin 10 release, while they have no effect on interleukin 1 secretion. This study strongly suggests that prior exposures to beryllium could alter host immune responses to bacterial infections in healthy individuals, by altering intracellular signaling.
C1 [Silva, Shannon; Ganguly, Kumkum; Gupta, Goutam; Chaudhary, Anu] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[McCleskey, T. Mark] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Silva, Shannon; Fresquez, Theresa M.] No New Mexico Coll, Espanola, NM USA.
RP Chaudhary, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, B-7,HRL-1,Mail Stop M888,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM anu@lanl.gov
RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012;
OI Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245
FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR018754]
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 775
EP 782
AR PII 916670557
DI 10.1080/15459620903267986
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100012
PM 19894180
ER
PT J
AU Brisson, MJ
Archuleta, MM
AF Brisson, Michael J.
Archuleta, Melecita M.
TI The Real Issue with Wall Deposits in Closed Filter CassettesWhat's the
Sample?
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection
CY NOV 17-19, 2008
CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico
DE exposure assessment; workplace monitoring; air sampling
ID INHALABLE AEROSOL SAMPLERS; PERFORMANCE; DUST; EFFICIENCY; ERRORS; FACE
AB The measurement of aerosol dusts has long been utilized to assess the exposure of workers to metals. Tools used to sample and measure aerosol dusts have gone through many transitions over the past century. In particular, there have been several different techniques used to sample for beryllium, not all of which might be expected to produce the same result. Today, beryllium samples are generally collected using filters housed in holders of several different designs, some of which are expected to produce a sample that mimics the human capacity for dust inhalation. The presence of dust on the interior walls of cassettes used to hold filters during metals sampling has been discussed in the literature for a number of metals, including beryllium, with widely varying data. It appears that even in the best designs, particulates can enter the sampling cassette and deposit on the interior walls rather than on the sampling medium. The causes are not well understood but are believed to include particle bounce, electrostatic forces, particle size, particle density, and airflow turbulence. Historically, the filter catch has been considered to be the sample, but the presence of wall deposits, and the potential that the filter catch is not representative of the exposure to the worker, puts that historical position into question. This leads to a fundamental question: What is the sample? This article reviews the background behind the issue, poses the above-mentioned question, and discusses options and a possible path forward for addressing that question.
C1 [Archuleta, Melecita M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Brisson, Michael J.] Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Brisson, MJ (reprint author), Savannah River Nuclean Solut LLC, Analyt Labs, Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Site,Bldg 707-F, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM mike.brisson@srs.gov
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
EI 1545-9632
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 12
BP 783
EP 788
AR PII 916670900
DI 10.1080/15459620903261427
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 517WQ
UT WOS:000271650100013
PM 19894181
ER
PT J
AU Vesper, S
McKinstry, C
Bradham, K
Ashley, P
Cox, D
Dewalt, G
Lin, KT
AF Vesper, Stephen
McKinstry, Craig
Bradham, Karen
Ashley, Peter
Cox, David
Dewalt, Gary
Lin, King-Teh
TI Screening Tools to Estimate Mold Burdens in Homes
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; PCR ANALYSIS; ERGOSTEROL; CHILDREN; ASTHMA;
FUNGI; WATER; DUST
AB Objective: The objective of this study was to develop screening tools that could be used to estimate the mold burden. in. a home which would indicate whether more detailed testing might be useful. Methods: Two possible screening methods we're considered for mold analysis: use vacuum cleaner bag dust rather than. the standard protocol dust samples and reducing the number of mold needed to be quantified resulting in the creation, Of an alternative mold burden scale. Results: Vacuum bag dust analysis placed the estimate of mold burden, into the upper or lower half of the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index scale. Mold burdens estimated by only 12 species produced an, index, the American Relative Moldiness Index, with a correlation of rho = 0.80 with the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index. Conclusions: Two screening tools were developed for estimating the mold burden in homes (J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:80-86)
C1 [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[McKinstry, Craig] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Stat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Bradham, Karen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Ashley, Peter] Off Healthy Homes & Hazard Control, Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA.
[Cox, David; Dewalt, Gary] QuanTech, Arlington, VA USA.
[Lin, King-Teh] Mycometr LLC, Monmouth Jct, NJ USA.
RP Vesper, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W ML Kim Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM vesper.stephen@epa.gov
FU EPA; The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of
Research and Development and Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
FX This research was partially Supported by funding from the EPA Asthma
Initiative. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its
Office of Research and Development and Housing and Urban Development
(HUD). funded and collaborated in the research described here.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1076-2752
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED
JI J. Occup. Environ. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 1
BP 80
EP 86
DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31818dc41e
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 394NB
UT WOS:000262452300011
PM 19136876
ER
PT J
AU Bird, BW
Abbott, MB
Finney, BP
Kutchko, B
AF Bird, Broxton W.
Abbott, Mark B.
Finney, Bruce P.
Kutchko, Barbara
TI A 2000 year varve-based climate record from the central Brooks Range,
Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Late Holocene climate change; Arctic; Varves; Brooks Range; Little Ice
Age
ID SUMMER TEMPERATURE RECONSTRUCTION; SOUTHWEST YUKON-TERRITORY;
BAFFIN-ISLAND; HOLOCENE GLACIATION; ELLESMERE-ISLAND; AGE CALIBRATION;
LAKE-SEDIMENTS; THIN-SECTIONS; CANADA; LACUSTRINE
AB Varved minerogenic sediments from glacial-fed Blue Lake, northern Alaska, are used to investigate late Holocene climate variability. Varve-thickness measurements track summer temperature recorded at Atigun Pass, located 41 km east at a similar elevation (r (2) = 0.31, P = 0.08). Results indicate that climate in the Brooks Range from 10 to 730 AD (varve year) was warm with precipitation inferred to be higher than during the twentieth century. The varve-temperature relationship for this period was likely compromised and not used in our temperature reconstruction because the glacier was greatly reduced, or absent, exposing sub-glacial sediments to erosion from enhanced precipitation. Varve-inferred summer temperatures and precipitation decreased after 730 AD, averaging 0.4A degrees C above the last millennial average (LMA = 4.2A degrees C) from 730 to 850 AD, and 0.1A degrees C above the LMA from 850 to 980 AD. Cooling culminated between 980 and 1030 AD with temperatures 0.7A degrees C below the LMA. Varve-inferred summer temperatures increased between 1030 and 1620 AD to the LMA, though the period between 1260 and 1350 AD was 0.2A degrees C below the LMA. Although there is no equivalent to the European Medieval Warm Period in the Blue Lake record, two warm intervals occurred from 1350 to 1450 AD and 1500 to 1620 AD (0.4 and 0.3A degrees C above the LMA, respectively). During the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1620 to 1880 AD), inferred summer temperature averaged 0.2A degrees C below the LMA. After 1880 AD, inferred summer temperature increased to 0.8A degrees C above the LMA, glaciers retreated, but aridity persisted based on a number of regional paleoclimate records. Despite warming and glacial retreat, varve thicknesses have not achieved pre-730 AD levels. This reflects limited sediment availability and transport due to a less extensive retreat compared to the first millennium, and continued relative aridity. Overall, the Blue Lake record is similar to varve records from the eastern Canadian Arctic that document a cool LIA and twentieth century warming. However, the occurrence and timing of events, such as the LIA and Medieval Warm Period, varies considerably among records, suggesting heterogeneous climatic patterns across the North American Arctic.
C1 [Bird, Broxton W.; Abbott, Mark B.; Kutchko, Barbara] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Finney, Bruce P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Kutchko, Barbara] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Bird, BW (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM bwb8@pitt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ARC0454941]; Limnological Research Center
at the University of Minnesota
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation as part of
the ARCSS 2 kyr project, award #ARC0454941. We extend special thanks to
Erik Rapoport Esq., Toby Schwoerer, Dan Nelson, and Byron Steinman for
their invaluable assistance in the field. We also acknowledge the staff
of the Limnological Research Center at the University of Minnesota for
their assistance with core processing and imaging. Finally, we thank the
three anonymous reviewers and Darrell Kaufman for their comments, which
greatly strengthened the quality of the manuscript.
NR 44
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
EI 1573-0417
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 1
BP 25
EP 41
DI 10.1007/s10933-008-9262-y
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 395EF
UT WOS:000262505400003
ER
PT J
AU Guerrero, DJ
Xu, H
Mercado, R
Blackwell, J
AF Guerrero, Douglas J.
Xu, Hao
Mercado, Ramil
Blackwell, James
TI Underlayer Designs to Enhance EUV Resist Performance
SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOPOLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EUV; underlayer; photoacid generator; sensitizer; PAG
AB Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography has gained momentum as the method of choice for <32-nm half-pitch device fabrication. In this paper, we describe our initial efforts to increase the EUV resist's performance via introduction of a thermally crosslinkable underlayer. We have demonstrated the benefits of adding an EUV underlayer into the regular EUV litho stack and investigated the effect of underlayer film thickness, post-coat bake temperature, and adding other additives such as PAG and sensitizer on the overall litho performance of EUV resists.
C1 [Guerrero, Douglas J.; Xu, Hao; Mercado, Ramil] Brewer Sci Inc, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
[Blackwell, James] Intel, Mol Adv Patterning MAP Program, LBNL Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Guerrero, DJ (reprint author), Brewer Sci Inc, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
EM dguerrero@brewerscience.com
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU TECHNICAL ASSOC PHOTOPOLYMERS,JAPAN
PI CHIBA
PA CHIBA UNIV, FACULTY ENGINEERING, YAYOICHO, CHIBA, 263-8522, JAPAN
SN 0914-9244
J9 J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC
JI J. Photopolym Sci. Technol.
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 1
BP 117
EP 122
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 470RQ
UT WOS:000267997800018
ER
PT J
AU Bhatti, A
Bollen, B
Cardaci, M
Chlebana, F
Esen, S
Harris, RM
Jha, MK
Kousouris, K
Mason, D
Zielinski, M
AF Bhatti, Anwar
Bollen, Benjamin
Cardaci, Marco
Chlebana, Frank
Esen, Selda
Harris, Robert M.
Jha, Manoj K.
Kousouris, Konstantinos
Mason, David
Zielinski, Marek
TI CMS search plans and sensitivity to new physics with dijets
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHENOMENOLOGY; COLLISIONS; QUARK
AB The compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment will use dijets to search for physics beyond the standard model during early LHC running. The inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum, with 10 pb(-1) of integrated luminosity, is sensitive to contact interactions beyond the reach of the Tevatron. The dijet mass distribution will be used to search for dijet resonances coming from new particles, for example an excited quark. Additional sensitivity to the existence of contact interactions or dijet resonances can be obtained by comparing dijet rates in two distinct pseudorapidity regions.
C1 [Bhatti, Anwar] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Bollen, Benjamin; Cardaci, Marco] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Chlebana, Frank; Harris, Robert M.; Kousouris, Konstantinos; Mason, David] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
[Esen, Selda] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Jha, Manoj K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
[Jha, Manoj K.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
[Zielinski, Marek] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.
RP Bhatti, A (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM rharris@fnal.gov
NR 20
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3899
J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC
JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 36
IS 1
AR 015004
DI 10.1088/0954-3899/36/1/015004
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 372FF
UT WOS:000260886800005
ER
PT J
AU Michel, N
Nazarewicz, W
Ploszajczak, M
Vertse, T
AF Michel, N.
Nazarewicz, W.
Ploszajczak, M.
Vertse, T.
TI Shell model in the complex energy plane
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID MATRIX RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; RIGGED HILBERT-SPACE;
RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; RESONANT STATE EXPANSIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS;
CROSS-SECTIONS; GAMOW STATES; NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; QUANTUM-THEORY;
DEFORMED-NUCLEI
AB This work reviews foundations and applications of the complex-energy continuum shell model that provides a consistent many-body description of bound states, resonances and scattering states. The model can be considered a quasi-stationary open quantum system extension of the standard configuration interaction approach for well-bound (closed) systems.
C1 [Michel, N.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Michel, N.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Nazarewicz, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Ploszajczak, M.] CEA, IN2P3, CNRS, DSM,GANIL, F-14076 Caen 5, France.
[Vertse, T.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary.
[Vertse, T.] Univ Debrecen, Fac Informat Sci, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
RP Michel, N (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER40963]; UT-Battelle
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; LLC (Oak Ridge National Laboratory and by the
Hungarian OTKA fund [T46791]
FX Valuable discussions with G Hagen, A T Kruppa and J Rotureau are
gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported in part by the U. S.
Department of Energy under contract nos DE-FG02-96ER40963 (University of
Tennessee), DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC (Oak Ridge National
Laboratory and by the Hungarian OTKA fund no T46791.
NR 227
TC 94
Z9 95
U1 1
U2 24
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3899
EI 1361-6471
J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC
JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 36
IS 1
AR 013101
DI 10.1088/0954-3899/36/1/013101
PG 40
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 372FF
UT WOS:000260886800001
ER
PT J
AU Mutisya, J
Sun, CX
Rosenquist, S
Baguma, Y
Jansson, C
AF Mutisya, Joel
Sun, Chuanxin
Rosenquist, Sara
Baguma, Yona
Jansson, Christer
TI Diurnal oscillation of SBE expression in sorghum endosperm
SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Barley; Endosperm; Oscillation; SBE; Sorghum
ID STARCH-BRANCHING ENZYMES; BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; GENE-EXPRESSION;
SYNTHASE-I; ARABIDOPSIS LEAVES; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; POTATO-TUBERS;
BIOSYNTHESIS; SUGAR; RICE
AB Spatial and temporal expression patterns of the sorghum SBEI, SBEIIA and SBEIIB genes, encoding, respectively, starch branching enzyme (SBE) I, IIA and IIB, in the developing endosperm of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) were studied. Full-length genomic and cDNA clones for sorghum were cloned, and the SBEIIA cDNA was used together with gene-specific probes for sorghum SBEIIB and SBEI. In contrast to sorghum SBEIIB, which was expressed primarily in endosperm and embryo, SBEIIA was also expressed in vegetative tissues. All three genes shared a similar temporal expression profile during endosperm development, with a maximum activity at 15-24 d after pollination. This differed from barley and maize, in which SBEI gene activity showed a significantly later onset compared to that of SBEIIA and SBEIIB. Expression of the three SBE genes in the sorghum endosperm exhibited a diurnal. rhythm during a 24-h cycle. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jansson, Christer] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mutisya, Joel; Sun, Chuanxin; Rosenquist, Sara; Jansson, Christer] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Forest Genet, Uppsala BioCtr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Mutisya, Joel] KARI, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Baguma, Yona] Makerere Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Kampala, Uganda.
RP Jansson, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM cgjansson@lbl.gov
FU Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and
Spatial Planning (Formas); Sida/SAREC [BIO332 EARN]; US Department of
Energy [DE333 AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
FX This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council for
Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas),
Sida/SAREC under the auspices of the East Africa Regional Program and
Research Network for Biotechnology, Biosafety and Biotechnology Policy
Development program (BIO332 EARN), and in part by the US Department of
Energy Contract DE333 AC02-05CH11231 with the Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory. We would also like to thank the reviewers for constructive
criticism.
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0176-1617
J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL
JI J. Plant Physiol.
PY 2009
VL 166
IS 4
BP 428
EP 434
DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.06.017
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 411YZ
UT WOS:000263691700010
PM 18790548
ER
PT J
AU Tartakovsky, AM
Scheibe, TD
Meakin, P
AF Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
Scheibe, Timothy D.
Meakin, Paul
TI Pore-Scale Model for Reactive Transport and Biomass Growth
SO JOURNAL OF POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Article
ID SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; POROUS-MEDIA; FLOW;
SIMULATION; DETACHMENT; FLUID; FRACTURES; DIFFUSION
AB Two Lagrangian particle models for biomass growth in porous media were proposed. In the first model, a cellular automata approach was used to model interactions of biomass with a fluid. In the second model, pair-wise particle-particle interactions were used to simulate interactions within the biomass and both biomass-fluid and biomass-soil grain interactions. The biomass growth rate in both models was described by double Monod kinetics. For the set of parameters used in the simulations, both models produced qualitatively similar predictions: (1) biomass grows in the shape of bridges connecting soil grains and oriented in the direction of flow so as to minimize resistance to the fluid flow; (2) the solution containing electron donors and acceptors rapidly becomes depleted as it enters the fractured porous domain; and (3) the biomass growth occurs mainly at the entrance into the fracture. Quantitative predictions, such as total mass of microbes and spatial distribution of microbe concentration, were found to be strongly dependent on the type of model. The model that accounted for the detachment and attachment of the microbes predicted a higher ability of biomass to spread along preferential flow paths and seal off the porous matrix than the model with immobile biomass phase.
C1 [Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.; Scheibe, Timothy D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Meakin, Paul] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Tartakovsky, AM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM alexandre.tartakovsky@pnl.gov
RI Scheibe, Timothy/A-8788-2008
OI Scheibe, Timothy/0000-0002-8864-5772
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle
[DE-AC06-76RL01830]; Idaho National Laboratory is operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy by the Battelle Energy Alliance [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This research was supported by the Environmental Remediation Science
Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. The Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy by Battelle under contract DE-AC06-76RL01830, and the Idaho
National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the
Battelle Energy Alliance under contract DE-AC07-05ID14517.
NR 39
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 15
PU BEGELL HOUSE INC
PI REDDING
PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA
SN 1091-028X
J9 J POROUS MEDIA
JI J. Porous Media
PY 2009
VL 12
IS 5
BP 417
EP 434
PG 18
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 438HU
UT WOS:000265547300003
ER
PT J
AU Mukhopadhyay, S
Sonnenthal, EL
Spycher, N
AF Mukhopadhyay, Sumit
Sonnenthal, Eric L.
Spycher, Nicolas
TI Modeling of Coupled Heat Transfer and Reactive Transport Processes in
Porous Media: Application to Seepage Studies at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
SO JOURNAL OF POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Article
ID UNSATURATED FRACTURED ROCK; WASTE EMPLACEMENT TUNNELS; FLUID-FLOW;
GEOCHEMICAL TRANSPORT; CHEMICAL-PROCESSES; DRIFT; HETEROGENEITY;
PERMEABILITY; SIMULATION; REPOSITORY
AB When hot, radioactive waste is placed in subsurface tunnels, complex changes are expected to occur in the surrounding rocks. Water in the pore space of the medium may undergo vaporization and boiling. Subsequently, vapor may migrate out of the rock pore space, moving away through the permeable fracture network. This migration can be propelled by buoyancy, by the increased vapor pressure resulting from boiling, and through convection. In cooler regions, the vapor may condense, where it can drain through the fracture network. Thereafter, imbibition of water may lead to rewetting of the rock matrix. These thermal and hydrological processes may also bring about chemical changes in the rocks. Amorphous silica can precipitate from boiling and evaporation, and calcite from heating and CO2 volatilization. The precipitation of amorphous silica and calcite can lead to long-term permeability reduction. Evaporative concentration also results in the precipitation of gypsum (or anhydrite), halite, fluorite, and other salts. These evaporative minerals eventually redissolve after boiling ceases; however their precipitation may lead to a temporary decrease in permeability. Reduction of permeability is also associated with changes in fracture capillary characteristics. In short, the coupled thermal-hydrological-chemical (THC) processes may dynamically alter the hydrological properties of the rock. A model based on the TOUGHREACT reactive transport software is presented here to investigate the impact of these THC processes on flow near an emplacement tunnel at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. We show how transient changes in hydrological properties caused by THC processes may lead to local flow channeling and seepage.
C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Sumit; Sonnenthal, Eric L.; Spycher, Nicolas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mukhopadhyay, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM Smukhopadhyay@lbl.gov
RI Spycher, Nicolas/E-6899-2010; Sonnenthal, Eric/A-4336-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energ [EA9013MC5X, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Civilian Radioactive
Waste Management, U.S. Department of Energy, through memorandum purchase
order EA9013MC5X between Bechtel SAIC Company, LLC, and the Ernest
Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab). The
support is provided to Berkeley Lab through the U.S. Department of
Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are thankful to the anonymous
reviewers of Journal of Porous Media for their comments and constructive
suggestions on the original manuscript. Review and comments of Guoxiang
Zhang and Dan Hawkes from Berkeley Lab are greatly appreciated.
Assistance of Diana Swantek form Berkeley Lab in preparing Figs. 1 and 2
is thankfully acknowledged. Figures 6, 7, 8, and 12 were developed using
the software Generic Mapping Tool (Wessel and Smith, 1998).
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 13
PU BEGELL HOUSE INC
PI REDDING
PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA
SN 1091-028X
J9 J POROUS MEDIA
JI J. Porous Media
PY 2009
VL 12
IS 8
BP 725
EP 748
PG 24
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 490JR
UT WOS:000269497600002
ER
PT J
AU Hung, Y
Tawfik, H
Mahajan, D
AF Hung, Y.
Tawfik, H.
Mahajan, D.
TI Durability and characterization studies of polymer electrolyte membrane
fuel cell's coated aluminum bipolar plates and membrane electrode
assembly
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE PEM fuel cell; Metallic bipolar plates
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; PEMFC
AB Coated aluminum bipolar plates demonstrate better mechanical strength, ease of manufacturability, and lower interfacial contact resistance (ICR) than graphite composite plates in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications. In this study, coated aluminum and graphite composite bipolar plates were installed in separate single PEM fuel cells and tested under normal operating conditions and cyclic loading. After 1000 h of operation, samples of both the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) were collected from both the cathode and the anode sides of the cell and characterized to examine the stability and integrity of the plate coating and evaluate possible changes of the ionic conductivity of the membrane due any electrochemical reaction with the coating material. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were performed on the land and valley surfaces of the reactant flow fields at both the anode and the cathode sides of the bipolar plates. The measurements were superimposed on the reference to identify possible zones of anomalies for the purpose of conducting focused studies in these locations. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of samples scraped from the anode and cathode electrodes of the MEA showed the tendency for catalyst growth that could result in power degradation. Samples of the by-product water produced during the single fuel cell operation were also collected and tested for the existence of chromium, nickel, carbon, iron, sulfur and aluminum using mass spectroscopy techniques. The EDX measurements indicated the possibility of dissociation and dissolution of nickel chrome that was used as the binder for the carbide-based corrosion-resistant coating with the aluminum substrate. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hung, Y.; Tawfik, H.] SUNY, Farmingdale State Coll, Farmingdale, NY 11735 USA.
[Tawfik, H.; Mahajan, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, AERTC, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Hung, Y.; Tawfik, H.; Mahajan, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Mahajan, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Hung, Y (reprint author), SUNY, Farmingdale State Coll, Farmingdale, NY 11735 USA.
EM hungy@farmingdale.edu
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 186
IS 1
BP 123
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.079
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 399JK
UT WOS:000262796000016
ER
PT J
AU Chourey, K
Thompson, MR
Shah, M
Zhang, B
VerBerkmoes, NC
Thompson, DK
Hettich, RL
AF Chourey, Karuna
Thompson, Melissa R.
Shah, Manesh
Zhang, Bing
VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.
Thompson, Dorothea K.
Hettich, Robert L.
TI Comparative Temporal Proteomics of a Response Regulator
(SO2426)-Deficient Strain and Wild-Type Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
During Chromate Transformation
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Shewanella oneidensis; response regulator-deficient strain; chromate
challenge; liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry; linear trapping
quadrupole; shotgun proteomics; posttranslational modifications
ID SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; CHROMIUM(VI)
REDUCTASE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PUTREFACIENS MR-1;
ABSOLUTE PROTEIN
AB Predicted orphan response regulators encoded in the Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 genome are poorly understood from a cellular function perspective. Our previous transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrated that an annotated DNA-binding response regulator, SO2426, was significantly up-regulated in wild-type S. oneidensis cells at both the mRNA and protein levels in response to acute chromate [Cr(VI)] challenge, suggesting a potential regulatory role for this protein in metal stress pathways. To investigate the impact of SO2426 activity on chromate stress response at a genome-wide scale, we describe here comparative and temporal proteome characterizations using multidimensional HPLC-MS/MS and statistical analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins in biological replicates of wild-type S. oneidensis MR-1 and a so2426 deletion (Delta so2426) strain, which exhibited an impaired Cr(VI) transformation rate compared to that of the parental strain. Global protein profiles were examined at different time intervals (0, 1, 3, 4 h) following exogenous chromate challenge. Results indicated that deletion of the so2426 gene negatively affected expression of a small protein subset (27 proteins) including those with annotated functions in siderophore biosynthesis (SO3032), Fe uptake (SO4743), intracellular Fe storage (Bfr1), and other transport processes. Cr(VI) exposure and subsequent transformation dramatically increased the number of differentially expressed proteins detected, with up-regulated abundance patterns observed largely for proteins involved in general stress protection and detoxification strategies, cell motility, and protein fate. In addition, the proteome data sets were mined for amino acids with potential post-translational modifications (PTMs) indicative of a level of gene expression regulation extending beyond the transcriptional control imposed by SO2426.
C1 [Thompson, Melissa R.; VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Chourey, Karuna] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Shah, Manesh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhang, Bing] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Thompson, Dorothea K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hettich, RL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008,MS 6131, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM dthomps@purdue.edu; hettichrl@ornl.gov
RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016;
OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; , /0000-0002-9216-3813
FU University of Tennessee (Knoxville)-ORNL Graduate School of Genome
Science and Technology; Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-FG02-06ER64163]
FX M. R. Thompson acknowledges support from the University of Tennessee
(Knoxville)-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology. We
thank Dr. Yuan (Susie) Dai and Carlee McClintock for critical reading of
the manuscript and excellent suggestions. This research was supported by
the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No.
DE-FG02-06ER64163. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by
University of Tennessee-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy under
contract DOE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 63
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 1
SI SI
BP 59
EP 71
DI 10.1021/pr800776d
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 390NN
UT WOS:000262171100007
PM 19118451
ER
PT J
AU Shui, WQ
Gilmore, SA
Sheu, L
Liu, J
Keasling, JD
Bertozzi, CR
AF Shui, Wenqing
Gilmore, Sarah A.
Sheu, Leslie
Liu, Jun
Keasling, Jay D.
Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
TI Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Host-Pathogen Interactions: The
Macrophage Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipids
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cell wall lipids; macrophage; iTRAQ; SILAC; differential expression
ID ISOBARIC TAGGING REAGENTS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CODED AFFINITY
TAGS; CELL-WALL LIPIDS; INFECTED MACROPHAGES; SIGNALING PATHWAYS;
MESSENGER-RNA; BOVIS BCG; PROTEIN; ITRAQ
AB Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is an intracellular pathogen possessing a complex mixture of cell wall lipids that are thought to modulate the activities of host macrophages. In this study, we employed two state-of-the-art quantitative proteomic approaches, metabolic labeling SILAC and chemical isobaric tagging iTRAQ, to study changes in macrophage protein expression in response to exposure to M. tuberculosis lipids. From a total of 1286 proteins identified, 463 were discovered by both isotope-labeling strategies at a high consistency, and the rest of proteins were detected by only one of the two approaches. Upon exposure to mycobacterial cell wall lipids, 166 macrophage proteins showed differential expression. These included proteins involved in the immune response, oxidation and reduction, and vesicle transport, as well as other cellular processes. The response of the macrophage proteome to M. tuberculosis lipids reflects the cell's innate defense mechanisms as well as lipid-induced processes that may benefit the pathogen.
C1 [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Shui, Wenqing; Sheu, Leslie; Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gilmore, Sarah A.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Jun] Bayer HealthCare LLC, Biol Prod Div, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA.
[Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM keasling@berkeley.edu; crb@berkeley.edu
RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012
OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088
FU National Institutes of Health [AI51622]
FX We thank Kangyu Zhang and Ding Chen for important help with statistical
tests and proteomic data analysis. This research was supported by a
grant to C.R.B. from the National Institutes of Health (AI51622).
NR 67
TC 29
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 1
BP 282
EP 289
DI 10.1021/pr800422e
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 390NN
UT WOS:000262171100029
PM 19053526
ER
PT J
AU Qian, WJ
Liu, T
Petyuk, VA
Gritsenko, MA
Petritis, BO
Polpitiya, AD
Kaushal, A
Xiao, W
Finnerty, CC
Jeschke, MG
Jaitly, N
Monroe, ME
Moore, RJ
Moldawer, LL
Davis, RW
Tompkins, RG
Herndon, DN
Camp, DG
Smith, RD
AF Qian, Wei-Jun
Liu, Tao
Petyuk, Vladislav A.
Gritsenko, Marina A.
Petritis, Brianne O.
Polpitiya, Ashoka D.
Kaushal, Amit
Xiao, Wenzhong
Finnerty, Celeste C.
Jeschke, Marc G.
Jaitly, Navdeep
Monroe, Matthew E.
Moore, Ronald J.
Moldawer, Lyle L.
Davis, Ronald W.
Tompkins, Ronald G.
Herndon, David N.
Camp, David G., II
Smith, Richard D.
CA Inflammat & Host Response Injury L
TI Large-Scale Multiplexed Quantitative Discovery Proteomics Enabled by the
Use of an O-18-Labeled "Universal" Reference Sample
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE human plasma; proteomics; O-18 labeling; Reference; LC-MS; accurate mass
and time tag; label-free quantitation isotope-labeling
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HIGH-THROUGHPUT PROTEOMICS; TIME TAG
APPROACH; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACCURATE MASS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;
MOUSE-BRAIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; REPRODUCIBILITY; QUANTIFICATION
AB The quantitative comparison of protein abundances across a large number of biological or patient samples represents an important proteomics challenge that needs to be addressed for proteomics discovery applications. Herein, we describe a strategy that incorporates a stable isotope O-18-labeled "universal" reference sample as a comprehensive set of internal standards for analyzing large sample sets quantitatively. As a pooled sample, the O-18-labeled "universal" reference sample is spiked into each individually processed unlabeled biological sample and the peptide/protein abundances are quantified based on O-16/O-18 isotopic peptide pair abundance ratios that compare each unlabeled sample to the identical reference sample. This approach also allows for the direct application of label-free quantitation across the sample set simultaneously along with the labeling-approach (i.e., dual-quantitation) since each biological sample is unlabeled except for the labeled reference sample that is used as internal standards. The effectiveness of this approach for large-scale quantitative proteomics is demonstrated by its application to a set of 18 plasma samples from severe burn patients. When immunoaffinity depletion and cysteinyl-peptide enrichment-based fractionation with high resolution LC-MS measurements were combined, a total of 312 plasma proteins were confidently identified and quantified with a minimum of two unique peptides per protein. The isotope labeling data was directly compared with the label-free O-16-MS intensity data extracted from the same data sets. The results showed that the O-18 reference-based labeling approach had significantly better quantitative precision compared to the label-free approach. The relative abundance differences determined by the two approaches also displayed strong correlation, illustrating the complementary nature of the two quantitative methods. The simplicity of including the O-18-reference for accurate quantitation makes this strategy especially attractive when a large number of biological samples are involved in a study where label-free quantitation may be problematic, for example, due to issues associated with instrument platform robustness. The approach will also be useful for more effectively discovering subtle abundance changes in broad systems biology studies.
C1 [Qian, Wei-Jun; Liu, Tao; Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Petritis, Brianne O.; Polpitiya, Ashoka D.; Jaitly, Navdeep; Monroe, Matthew E.; Moore, Ronald J.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Qian, Wei-Jun; Liu, Tao; Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Petritis, Brianne O.; Polpitiya, Ashoka D.; Jaitly, Navdeep; Monroe, Matthew E.; Moore, Ronald J.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Kaushal, Amit; Xiao, Wenzhong; Davis, Ronald W.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Finnerty, Celeste C.; Jeschke, Marc G.; Herndon, David N.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Shriners Burns Hosp, Dept Surg, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
[Moldawer, Lyle L.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Tompkins, Ronald G.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Shriners Burn Ctr, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Tompkins, Ronald G.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rds@pnl.gov
RI Qian, Weijun/C-6167-2011; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Liu,
Tao/A-9020-2013;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Liu, Tao/0000-0001-9529-6550;
Petyuk, Vladislav/0000-0003-4076-151X
FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [U54 GM-62119-02, T32
GM-008256]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR18522];
Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF); EIF Women's Cancer Research
Fund to the Breast Cancer Biomarker Discovery Consortium; Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory; Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE
[DE-AC06-76RLO-1830]
FX Portions of this research were supported by the National Institute of
General Medical Sciences (NIGMS, Large Scale Collaborative Research
Grants U54 GM-62119-02 and T32 GM-008256), the NIH National Center for
Research Resources (RR18522), the Entertainment Industry Foundation
(EIF), and the EIF Women's Cancer Research Fund to the Breast Cancer
Biomarker Discovery Consortium, and the Environmental Molecular Science
Laboratory [a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)].
PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under
contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830.
NR 35
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 1
SI SI
BP 290
EP 299
DI 10.1021/pr800467r
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 390NN
UT WOS:000262171100030
PM 19053531
ER
PT J
AU Borkowski, JJ
Piepel, GF
AF Borkowski, John J.
Piepel, Greg F.
TI Uniform Designs for Highly Constrained Mixture Experiments
SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lattice-Point Sets; Mixture Experiment Designs; Multiple-Component
Constraints; Number-Theoretic Nets; Single-Component Constraints;
Space-Filling Designs
ID LATIN-HYPERCUBE DESIGNS; COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; DISTANCE DESIGNS;
MINIMAX; MODELS; OUTPUT
AB The goal of a space-filling design is to uniformly scatter the design points in the experimental region of interest. For mixture experiment designs of reasonable size, as the dimensionality of the experimental region increases, space-filling design criteria (such as maximin and minimax) place most, if not all, design points at or near the boundary of the constrained region. This article introduces two number-theoretic methods for generating space-filling (specifically uniform) designs for constrained mixture experiments defined by single- and multiple-component constraints, The two methods are illustrated for a simple 3-component mixture problem and a more complicated 16-component waste-glass mixture problem. The uniform scatter of the points in the resulting designs is evaluated using three distance-based criteria.
C1 [Borkowski, John J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Piepel, Greg F.] Stat & Sensor Analyt, Stat & Sensor Analyt Grp, Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Borkowski, JJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM jobo@math.montana.edu; greg.piepel@pnl.gov
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC
PI MILWAUKEE
PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA
SN 0022-4065
J9 J QUAL TECHNOL
JI J. Qual. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 1
BP 35
EP 47
PG 13
WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science;
Statistics & Probability
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 392KJ
UT WOS:000262301300005
ER
PT J
AU Moody, KJ
AF Moody, K. J.
TI Gamma-rays emitted in the alpha-decay of Cm-245
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTINIDE ELEMENTS; HEAVY ELEMENTS; CURIUM; PURIFICATION; CALORIMETRY;
AMERICIUM; ENERGIES; NUCLEI; REGION; SERIES
AB It has been observed that the intensities of the gamma-rays emitted in the alpha-decay of Cm-245 reported in the literature result in calculated concentrations that do not agree with those obtained via other methods. In this work, a Cm-245 sample was chemically isolated from a sample of Cf-249, and the gamma-ray intensities were measured relative to the alpha-particle emission rate of the resulting source; there is a systematic bias relative to the literature intensities of approximately 8%. In addition, gamma-rays that have never before been observed in the decay of Cm-245 are placed in the level scheme of the decay product, Pu-241.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Weapons & Complex Integrat Directorate, AX Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Moody, KJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Weapons & Complex Integrat Directorate, AX Div, L-031, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM moody3@llnl.gov
FU Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, (LLNS) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX I would like to thank R. W. LOUGHEED and J. H. LANDRUM for supplying the
californium targets and providing advice on chemical purification of the
curium daughter. R. W. WIKKERINK identified the spectroscopy problem in
counting the bomb-fraction tracer materials. R. J. NAGLE helped to make
the photon measurements and devised the cadmium attenuator scheme; he
was also pivotal in running GRPANL and GAMANAL. Y. M. X. M. DARDENNE
proofread the manuscript and made valuable suggestions. I am indebted
for the use of the 249Cf target material, and the
249Bk from which it was milked, to the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy, through the transplutonium-element
production facilities of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This work
was performed under the auspices of the Lawrence Livermore National
Security, LLC, (LLNS) under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 with the U.
S. Department of Energy.
NR 61
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 279
IS 1
BP 13
EP 24
DI 10.1007/s10967-007-7222-z
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 387SK
UT WOS:000261971700003
ER
PT J
AU Poineau, F
Hartmann, T
Chinthaka Silva, GW
Jarvinen, G
Czerwinski, K
AF Poineau, F.
Hartmann, T.
Chinthaka Silva, G. W.
Jarvinen, G.
Czerwinski, K.
TI Preparation of technetium metal by thermal treatment under argon/H2O
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
AB A new method for the preparation of Tc metal from pertechnetate is described. Metallic technetium was prepared from TcO4- by initial reduction in dry argon atmosphere at 300 degrees C followed by a wet argon atmosphere in the presence of carbon between 700 and 910 degrees C. The higher temperature conditions in the presence of H2O and carbon form H-2 and CO, which can drive the reduction of TcO2. This method was applied to the recovery of pertechnetate sorbed on anion-exchange resins resulting in the formation of Tc metal microspheres. The resulting Tc was characterized by XRD analysis and SEM.
C1 [Poineau, F.; Chinthaka Silva, G. W.; Czerwinski, K.] Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Hartmann, T.] Idaho State Univ, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Jarvinen, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, GT Seaborg Inst, Stockpile Mfg & Support Directorate, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Poineau, F (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM freder29@unlv.nevada.edu
RI Silva, G W Chinthaka/K-8431-2012; Silva, Chinthaka/E-1416-2017
OI Silva, Chinthaka/0000-0003-4637-6030
FU U. S. DOE
FX The authors wish to thank the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership of the
U. S. DOE for support of this work.
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 279
IS 1
BP 43
EP 48
DI 10.1007/s10967-007-7259-z
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 387SK
UT WOS:000261971700006
ER
PT J
AU Jackman, KR
Biegalski, SR
AF Jackman, K. R.
Biegalski, S. R.
TI Methods and software for predicting germanium detector absolute
full-energy peak efficiencies
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY; COINCIDENCE-SUMMING CORRECTIONS; DIFFERENT
COUNTING GEOMETRIES; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS; GE(LI)
DETECTORS; HPGE DETECTOR; NUCLEAR SPECTROMETRY; PHOTOPEAK EFFICIENCY;
INTERACTION DEPTH
AB High-purity germanium (HPGe) and lithium drifted germanium (Ge(Li)) detectors have been the detector of choice for high resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy for many years. This is primarily due to the superior energy resolution that germanium detectors present over other gamma-ray detectors. In order to perform quantitative analyses with germanium detectors, such as activity determination or nuclide identification, one must know the absolute full-energy peak efficiency at the desired gamma-ray energy. Many different methods and computer codes have been developed throughout history in an effort to predict these efficiencies using minimal or no experimental observations. A review of these methods and the computer codes that utilize them is presented.
C1 [Jackman, K. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Jackman, K. R.; Biegalski, S. R.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Jackman, KR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jackmank@gmail.com
RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 279
IS 1
BP 355
EP 360
DI 10.1007/s10967-007-7318-0
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 387SK
UT WOS:000261971700044
ER
PT J
AU Ruhle, S
Segal, A
Vilan, A
Kurtz, SR
Grinis, L
Zaban, A
Lubomirsky, I
Cahen, D
AF Ruehle, Sven
Segal, Akiba
Vilan, Ayelet
Kurtz, Sarah R.
Grinis, Larissa
Zaban, Arie
Lubomirsky, Igor
Cahen, David
TI A two junction, four terminal photovoltaic device for enhanced light to
electric power conversion using a low-cost dichroic mirror
SO JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-ENERGY CONVERSION; DETAILED BALANCE LIMIT; 3RD-GENERATION
PHOTOVOLTAICS; EFFICIENCY; CELLS
AB A low-cost dichroic mirror can be used successfully for solar spectrum splitting to enhance solar to electrical energy conversion. The mirror is optimized for use with a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell (pc-Si). With the dichroic mirror simultaneous excitation of a medium-efficient (11.1%) commercial pc-Si and a custom-made high band gap GaInP cell (12.3%), yields 16.8% efficiency, with both cells operating at maximum power. Our results clearly show that what is missing for this simple low-cost enhancement of Si solar cell efficiency are low-cost high band gap cells. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3081510]
C1 [Ruehle, Sven; Grinis, Larissa; Zaban, Arie] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Chem, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
[Segal, Akiba; Vilan, Ayelet] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Chem Res Support, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Vilan, Ayelet; Lubomirsky, Igor; Cahen, David] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mat & Interfaces, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Kurtz, Sarah R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Zaban, A (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Chem, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
EM zabana@mail.biu.ac.il; Igor.Lubomirsky@weizmann.ac.il;
David.Cahen@weizmann.ac.il
RI Ruhle, Sven/A-5585-2008
FU Ormat Turbines Ltd.; Yeda RD
FX I. L., A. Z., and D. C. thank Ormat Turbines Ltd. and Yeda R&D for
support and O. Stafsudd (UCLA) for fruitful discussions and advice.
NR 15
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1941-7012
J9 J RENEW SUSTAIN ENER
JI J. Renew. Sustain. Energy
PD JAN 1
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
AR 013106
DI 10.1063/1.3081510
PG 6
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels
GA 583LG
UT WOS:000276676200006
ER
PT J
AU Lu, ZQJ
Lowhorn, ND
Wong-Ng, W
Zhang, W
Thomas, EL
Otani, M
Green, ML
Tran, TN
Caylor, C
Dilley, NR
Downey, A
Edwards, B
Elsner, N
Ghamaty, S
Hogan, T
Jie, Q
Li, Q
Martin, J
Nolas, G
Obara, H
Sharp, J
Venkatasubramanian, R
Willigan, R
Yang, J
Tritt, T
AF Lu, Z. Q. J.
Lowhorn, N. D.
Wong-Ng, W.
Zhang, W.
Thomas, E. L.
Otani, M.
Green, M. L.
Tran, T. N.
Caylor, C.
Dilley, N. R.
Downey, A.
Edwards, B.
Elsner, N.
Ghamaty, S.
Hogan, T.
Jie, Q.
Li, Q.
Martin, J.
Nolas, G.
Obara, H.
Sharp, J.
Venkatasubramanian, R.
Willigan, R.
Yang, J.
Tritt, T.
TI Statistical Analysis of a Round-Robin Measurement Survey of Two
Candidate Materials for a Seebeck Coefficient Standard Reference
Material
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bismuth telluride; consensus mean curve; Constantan; functional data
analysis; Ridge regression modeling; round-robin; Seebeck coefficient;
Standard Reference Material; thermoelectric
ID BAYESIAN CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION;
THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; SMOOTHING SCATTERPLOTS; MERIT
AB In an effort to develop a Standard Reference Material (SRM (TM)) for Seebeck coefficient, we have conducted a round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials-undoped Bi2Te3 and Constantan (55 % Cu and 45 % Ni alloy). Measurements were performed in two rounds by twelve laboratories involved in active thermoelectric research using a number of different commercial and custom-built measurement systems and techniques. In this paper we report the detailed statistical analyses on the interlaboratory measurement results and the statistical methodology for analysis of irregularly sampled measurement curves in the interlaboratory study setting. Based on these results, we have selected Bi2Te3 as the prototype standard material. Once available, this SRM will be useful for future interlaboratory data comparison and instrument calibrations.
C1 [Lu, Z. Q. J.; Lowhorn, N. D.; Wong-Ng, W.; Zhang, W.; Thomas, E. L.; Otani, M.; Green, M. L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tran, T. N.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Caylor, C.; Venkatasubramanian, R.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Dilley, N. R.] Quantum Design, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Downey, A.; Hogan, T.] Armor Holdings, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA.
[Downey, A.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Edwards, B.; Tritt, T.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Elsner, N.; Ghamaty, S.] Hi Z Technol Inc, San Diego, CA 92126 USA.
[Jie, Q.; Li, Q.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Martin, J.; Nolas, G.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Obara, H.] Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Sharp, J.] Marlow Ind Inc, Dallas, TX 75238 USA.
[Willigan, R.] United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
[Yang, J.] Gen Motors R& Ctr, Warren, MI 48090 USA.
RP Lu, ZQJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.lu@nist.gov; nlowhorn@gmail.com; winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov;
zwp@ustc.edu.cn; ethoma7@gmail.com; makoto_ohtani@nifty.com;
martin.green@nist.gov; Thanh.N.Tran@navy.mil; ccaylor@rti.org;
neil@qdusa.com; adam.downey@stryker.com; bradandjustine@gmail.com;
n.elsner@hi-z.com; s.ghamaty@hi-z.com; hogant@msu.edu; qjie@bnl.gov;
qiangli@bnl.gov; joshua.martin@nist.gov; gnolas@cas.usf.edu;
h.obara@aist.go.jp; jsharp@marlow.com; rama@rti.org;
WilligRR@utrc.utc.com; jihui.yang@gm.com; ttritt@clemson.edu
RI Jie, Qing/H-3780-2011; Zhang, Weiping/C-6158-2014; Jie, Qing/N-8673-2013
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 9
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 114
IS 1
BP 37
EP 55
DI 10.6028/jres.114.004
PG 19
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 434OP
UT WOS:000265284300004
PM 27504212
ER
PT J
AU Grillet, AM
Rao, RR
Adolf, DB
Kawaguchi, S
Mondy, LA
AF Grillet, Anne M.
Rao, Rekha R.
Adolf, Douglas B.
Kawaguchi, Stacie
Mondy, Lisa A.
TI Practical application of thixotropic suspension models
SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; finite element analysis; rheology; suspensions; thixotropy;
viscosity
ID CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; FLOW
AB The practical implementation of several thixotropic rheological models has been evaluated for a prototypical industrial application. We have studied the ability of the models to predict both steady and transient rheology of a suspension of alumina particles and the suitability of those models for full transient finite element calculations. The constitutive models for thixotropic materials examined include the Carreau-Yasuda model and first and second-order indirect structure models. While all of these models were able to predict the shear-thinning behavior of the steady viscosity, the first and second-order structure models were also able to capture some aspects of the transient structure formation and fluid history. However, they were not able to predict some more complex transient behavior observed in step shear experiments. For most thixotropic suspensions, the time constant required to form structure is longer than the time constant to break it down. For this suspension, the time constant at a given shear rate was also dependent on the previous shear rate. If the previous shear rate was high, the time required to reach equilibrium was longer than if the previous shear rate was lower. This behavior was not captured by the simple initial structure dependence in the previous models. By adding an additional dependence on the initial suspension structure, the prediction of the transient rheology was substantially improved while maintaining an excellent agreement with the steady shear viscosity. Finite element results are presented for extrusion of a suspension to form a fiber. This model two-dimensional problem contains many of the same complexities as practical three-dimensional mold filling simulations (i.e., nonviscometric and mobile free surface). Our results show that these direct structure models exhibit oscillations near the stick-slip point in finite element calculations similar to many polymeric constitutive equations, but are otherwise suitable for implementation in complex industrial modeling applications.
C1 [Grillet, Anne M.; Rao, Rekha R.; Adolf, Douglas B.; Kawaguchi, Stacie; Mondy, Lisa A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Grillet, AM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM amgrill@sandia.gov
FU D.O.E. Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)
FX The authors thank Michael Gallis for developing the nonlinear fitting
program and for helpful discussions, and Antony Beris for helpful
discussions regarding the structure models. Partial support for this
work was provided by the D.O.E. Office of Science Advanced Scientific
Computing Research (ASCR) Program in Applied Mathematical Sciences.
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 13
PU JOURNAL RHEOLOGY AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0148-6055
J9 J RHEOL
JI J. Rheol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 1
BP 169
EP 189
DI 10.1122/1.3037262
PG 21
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 389OS
UT WOS:000262105000009
ER
PT J
AU Svec, F
AF Svec, Frantisek
TI My favorite materials: Porous polymer monoliths
SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
EXCHANGE STATIONARY PHASES; LESS COMMON APPLICATIONS; OPEN-PORE
POLYURETHANE; CAPILLARY COLUMNS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEPARATION MEDIA;
NUCLEIC-ACIDS; MEMBRANE CHROMATOGRAPHY
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Svec, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM fsvec@lbl.gov
NR 67
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9306
EI 1615-9314
J9 J SEP SCI
JI J. Sep. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 1
BP 3
EP 9
DI 10.1002/jssc.200800530
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 398NN
UT WOS:000262738900003
PM 19058166
ER
PT J
AU Slater, MD
Frechet, JMJ
Svec, F
AF Slater, Michael D.
Frechet, Jean M. J.
Svec, Frantisek
TI In-column preparation of a brush-type chiral stationary phase using
click chemistry and a silica monolith
SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Chiral stationary phase; Click chemistry; Enantioseparation; Monolithic
column; Silica
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY;
BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; SEPARATION MEDIA; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITIONS;
ENANTIOMER SEPARATIONS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; BONDED PHASES; HPLC
COLUMNS; POLYMER
AB Brush-type chiral stationary phases (CSP) have been prepared both from a silica monolith and, separately, from 10 mu m porous silica beads via a process of in-column modification including attachment of the chiral selector via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Azide functionalities were first introduced on the pore surface of each type of support by reaction with 3-(azidopropyl)trimethoxysilane, followed by immobilization of a proline-derived chiral selector containing an alkyne moiety. This functionalization reaction was carried out in dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper (1) iodide. The separation performance of these triazole linked stationary phases was demonstrated in enantioseparations of four model analytes, which afforded separation factors as high as 11.4.
C1 [Frechet, Jean M. J.; Svec, Frantisek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry EO, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Slater, Michael D.; Frechet, Jean M. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Svec, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry EO, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM fsvec@lbl.gov
RI Slater, Michael/D-5388-2012;
OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163
FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Institutes of
Health [GM44885]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Financial support of this research by the National Institute of General
Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (GM44885) is gratefully
acknowledged. Experimental measurement and characterization work at the
Molecular Foundry was supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 60
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 40
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9306
EI 1615-9314
J9 J SEP SCI
JI J. Sep. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 1
BP 21
EP 28
DI 10.1002/jssc.200800493
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 398NN
UT WOS:000262738900005
PM 19051194
ER
PT J
AU Suescun, L
Dabrowski, B
Remsen, S
Mais, J
AF Suescun, Leopoldo
Dabrowski, Bogdan
Remsen, Steven
Mais, James
TI Synthesis and structural characterization of LaxSr1-xMnO2.6+delta (0.1 <
x < 0.4) compounds displaying compressed octahedral coordination of
Mn(4-5x)+
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Manganites; Oxygen-vacancy-ordering; Electronic configuration; LaMnO3;
Phase transition
ID POWDER DIFFRACTION; X-RAY; PEROVSKITES; CHARGE; PHASES
AB LaxSr1-xMnO2.6+delta (x=0.1-0.4) compounds have been obtained by low-temperature annealing of stoichiometric materials in hydrogen. La0.1Sr0.9MnO2.6+delta (delta = 0.15) and La0.3Sr0.7MnO2.6, tetragonal (P4/m), and La0.2Sr0.8MnO2.6, pseudo-tetragonal monoclinic (P2/m), structures are isostructural with oxygen-vacancy-ordered Sr5Mn5O13 (a = b approximate to root 5ap, c approximate to a(P)). La0.4Sr0.6MnO2.6 shows Cubic perovskite structure with disordered oxygen vacancies. In the vacancy-ordered (LaxSr1-x)(5)Mn5O13 phases four out of five Mn cations are Mn3+ and show a typical Jahn-Teller elongated pyramidal coordination while the fifth one Mn(4-5x)+, in octahedral environment, shows decreasing formal charge from Mn4+ (x = 0) to Mn2.5+ x = 0.3. This unusual selective doping of the octahedral site produces structural strain due to increasing size of the Mn(4-5x)+ and, in the case of (La0.2Sr0.8)(5)Mn5O13, the unusual compressed octahedral arrangement of oxygen atoms around it. The coordination geometry implies that either the d(x2-y2) orbital is occupied, which would be a rare example of inverted occupancy of e(g) orbitals in manganites, or that disordered Mn3+ apically elongated MnO6 octahedra are present with normal electronic configuration d(t2g)(3)d(x2-y2)(0)d(z2)(1), and the observed bond distances are the average of the long and intermediate in-plane Mn-O bonds. Several structural features favor the second case. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Suescun, Leopoldo] Univ Republica, Cryssmat Lab, Catedra Fis Detema, Fac Quim, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Dabrowski, Bogdan; Remsen, Steven; Mais, James] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Suescun, Leopoldo; Dabrowski, Bogdan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Suescun, L (reprint author), Univ Republica, Cryssmat Lab, Catedra Fis Detema, Fac Quim, POB 1157, Montevideo, Uruguay.
EM leopoldo@fq.edu.uy
RI Suescun, Leopoldo/A-9697-2008
OI Suescun, Leopoldo/0000-0002-7606-8074
FU NSF [DMR-0706610]; US Department of Transportation; US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC0206CH11357]
FX This work was carried out during LS's stay at Argonne National
Laboratory. Work at NIU was supported by the NSF-DMR-0706610 and by the
US Department of Transportation. Work at Argonne's IPNS was supported by
the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract DE-AC0206CH11357.
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 182
IS 1
BP 187
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2008.10.020
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 395TK
UT WOS:000262546200029
ER
PT J
AU Izraelevitz, D
Martz, HF
Leishman, DA
Gibson, WL
AF Izraelevitz, David
Martz, Harry F.
Leishman, Deborah A.
Gibson, William L.
TI On representing second-order uncertainty in multi-state systems via
moments of mixtures of Dirichlet distributions
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL COMPUTATION AND SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE second-order probabilities; Bayes networks; Dirichlet distribution
ID FAULT-TREE QUANTIFICATION; FULLY BAYESIAN-APPROACH; INFORMATION;
NETWORKS
AB Second-order probabilities have been proposed as representations of the uncertainty in the parameters of probabilistic models such as Bayesian belief networks. We investigate conditions under which second-order probabilities can be represented in terms of their marginal moments. We show that certain combinations of marginal means and variances do not correspond to any valid second-order joint distribution. By fitting a Dirichlet mixture to marginal mean and variance information, we derive sufficient conditions for a valid second-order joint distribution to exist.
C1 [Izraelevitz, David; Martz, Harry F.; Leishman, Deborah A.; Gibson, William L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Izraelevitz, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM izraelevitz@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy
through the LANL/LDRD programme for this work.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0094-9655
J9 J STAT COMPUT SIM
JI J. Stat. Comput. Simul.
PY 2009
VL 79
IS 7
BP 869
EP 880
AR PII 907428803
DI 10.1080/00949650801994605
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics &
Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 460QY
UT WOS:000267203400002
ER
PT J
AU DeWald, AT
Hill, MR
AF DeWald, A. T.
Hill, M. R.
TI Eigenstrain-based model for prediction of laser peening residual
stresses in arbitrary three-dimensional bodies. Part 1: model
description
SO JOURNAL OF STRAIN ANALYSIS FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE laser peening; residual stress; contour method; eigenstrain
ID ALUMINUM; SIMULATION; CONTOUR; WELDS
AB This paper presents a methodology for predicting the residual stress within three-dimensional parts caused by laser peening treatment. The inputs to the model are the elastic material properties and shape of the part as well as an eigenstrain (also called 'initial strain' or 'stress-free strain') field specific to the material and parameters of laser peening treatment. The eigenstrain field is known from a library of fields developed prior to the residual stress prediction, either from detailed physical process modelling or from residual stress measurements of simple coupons of the parent material subject to the same laser peening treatment. The eigenstrain is assumed insensitive to part geometry, depending only on the part material and the laser peening treatment parameters. Given the eigenstrain field, residual stress is predicted by an elastic finite element analysis of the part that includes its detailed geometry and material composition. The eigenstrain is input into the finite element model in stated treatment areas where laser peening is applied. Solving for stress equilibrium provides an estimate of the residual stress field at all points within the treated part. The proposed modelling procedure is verified through a test on flat-plate geometry, where measured residual stress compares favourably with model predictions. In addition, the model is used to predict the residual stress produced by laser peening of a specimen containing a corner fillet. A companion paper (Part 2) presents detailed experimental verification of the model over a range of common part geometry.
C1 [DeWald, A. T.; Hill, M. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[DeWald, A. T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Hill, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM mrhill@ucdavis.edu
RI Hill, Michael/A-2525-2016
OI Hill, Michael/0000-0002-9168-211X
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); US Department of Energy
[W-7405-Eng-48]; University of California, Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Student Employee Graduate
Research Fellowship at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).
This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48.
NR 29
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 14
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0309-3247
J9 J STRAIN ANAL ENG
JI J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 1
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1243/03093247JSA417
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization
& Testing
SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science
GA 403MT
UT WOS:000263087400002
ER
PT J
AU DeWald, AT
Hill, MR
AF DeWald, A. T.
Hill, M. R.
TI Eigenstrain-based model for prediction of laser peening residual
stresses in arbitrary three-dimensional bodies. Part 2: model
verification
SO JOURNAL OF STRAIN ANALYSIS FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE laser peening; residual stress measurement; contour method; eigenstrain
AB This paper presents the results from a set of experiments designed to quantify the accuracy of the laser peening residual stress prediction model presented in Part 1. Firstly, a set of specimens containing common geometric features (e.g. corner radii and corner fillets) were machined from annealed 316L stainless steel plate. The regions around the geometric features were treated with laser peening and the resulting residual stress was measured using the contour method. Secondly, the laser peening residual stress prediction model was used to predict the residual stress produced by laser peening for the same set of specimens. A detailed comparison between the measurements and predictions is given in the form of contour plots and line plots of the measured and predicted residual stress. The results show that the model has a fair amount of agreement with the measurements over the range of geometry studied. Both the modelling and experimental results show that a decrease in the radius size for the corner fillet geometry results in an increase in the depth of compressive residual stress and a decrease in the magnitude of the surface residual stress. Both sets of results for the corner radius geometry show that a decrease in the radius size gives a decrease in the magnitude of the compressive surface residual stress. There is disagreement between the measurements and the predictions with respect to the relation between radius size and depth of compressive residual stress for the corner radius geometry.
C1 [DeWald, A. T.; Hill, M. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[DeWald, A. T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP DeWald, AT (reprint author), Hill Engn LLC, 5022 Bailey Loop, California, CA 95652 USA.
EM atdewald@hill-engineering.com
RI Hill, Michael/A-2525-2016
OI Hill, Michael/0000-0002-9168-211X
FU LLNL; US Department of Energy [W-7405Eng-48]; University of California,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
FX The authors greatly appreciate several contributions to this
collaborative work. The laser peening treatment was applied at LLNL by
Jon Rankin, Chanh Truong, and Marc Hopkins. Additional support was
provided by personnel at LLNL including Lloyd Hackel and Bob Yamamoto.
The authors would also like to thank Ben Tompkins for assistance with
the contour measurements. Funding for this research was provided by the
Student Employee Graduate Research Fellowship at LLNL. This work was
performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract W-7405Eng-48.
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0309-3247
J9 J STRAIN ANAL ENG
JI J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 1
BP 13
EP 27
DI 10.1243/03093247JSA420
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization
& Testing
SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science
GA 403MT
UT WOS:000263087400003
ER
PT J
AU Isakovic, AF
Stein, A
Warren, JB
Narayanan, S
Sprung, M
Sandy, AR
Evans-Lutterodt, K
AF Isakovic, A. F.
Stein, A.
Warren, J. B.
Narayanan, S.
Sprung, M.
Sandy, A. R.
Evans-Lutterodt, K.
TI Diamond kinoform hard X-ray refractive lenses: design, nanofabrication
and testing
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE focusing hard X-rays; kinoform refractive optics; diamond; silicon;
etching
ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; DIFFRACTION
AB Motivated by the anticipated advantageous performance of diamond kinoform refractive lenses for synchrotron X-ray radiation studies, this report focuses on progress in designing, nanofabricating and testing of their focusing performance. The method involves using lift-off and plasma etching to reproduce a planar definition of numerically determined kinoform refractive optics. Tests of the focusing action of a diamond kinoform refractive lens at the APS 8-ID-I beamline demonstrate angular control of the focal spot.
C1 [Isakovic, A. F.; Evans-Lutterodt, K.] NSLS, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
[Stein, A.; Warren, J. B.] CFN, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
[Warren, J. B.] Instrumentat Div, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
[Narayanan, S.; Sprung, M.; Sandy, A. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Isakovic, AF (reprint author), NSLS, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
EM isakovic@bnl.gov
RI Isakovic, Abdel/A-7430-2009
OI Isakovic, Abdel/0000-0003-1779-4209
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; BNL LDRD
[06-46]
FX This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC
under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy.
The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting
this article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide license to
publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow
others to do so, for United States Government purposes. We acknowledge
supportive role of Chi-Chang Kao, J. Hill, D. Elliott and J. Smedley (
all of BNL). AFI and KEL acknowledge support from BNL LDRD project 06-46
Novel materials for hard X-rays optics, and AFI thanks Professor P. G.
Evans ( University of Wisconsin) for stimulating discussions on X-ray
optics and A. Woodhead and A. Acerbo ( both of BNL) for technical
assistance. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National
Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 31
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0909-0495
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 16
BP 8
EP 13
DI 10.1107/S0909049508033736
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA 400JC
UT WOS:000262862900002
PM 19096168
ER
PT J
AU Boada, R
Laguna-Marco, MA
Chaboy, J
AF Boada, Roberto
Laguna-Marco, Maria Angeles
Chaboy, Jesus
TI Temperature dependence of the Ho L-2-edge XMCD spectra of Ho6Fe23
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray magnetic circular dichroism; XMCD; rare-earth L-edges
ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; X-RAY DICHROISM; QUADRUPOLAR TRANSITIONS;
K-EDGE; ABSORPTION; MOMENT; PROBE
AB An X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) study performed at the Ho L-2,L-3-edges in Ho6Fe23 as a function of temperature is presented. It is demonstrated that the anomalous temperature dependence of the Ho L-2-edge XMCD signal is due to the magnetic contribution of Fe atoms. By contrast, the Ho L-3-edge XMCD directly reflects the temperature dependence of the Ho magnetic moment. By combining the XMCD at both Ho L-2- and L-3-edges, the possibility of determining the temperature dependence of the Fe magnetic moment is demonstrated. Then, both mu(Ho)(T) and mu(Fe)(T) have been determined by tuning only the absorption L-edges of Ho. This result opens new possibilities of applying XMCD at these absorption edges to obtain quantitative element-specific magnetic information that is not directly obtained by other experimental tools.
C1 [Boada, Roberto; Chaboy, Jesus] Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
[Boada, Roberto; Chaboy, Jesus] Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
[Laguna-Marco, Maria Angeles] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chaboy, J (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
EM jchaboy@unizar.es
RI Laguna-Marco, M. A./G-8042-2011; Boada, Roberto/H-5349-2015
OI Laguna-Marco, M. A./0000-0003-4069-0395; Boada,
Roberto/0000-0003-4857-8402
FU Spanish CICYT [MAT2005-06806-C04-04]; Ministerio de Eduacion y Ciencia
of Spain; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)
[1999A0388]
FX This work was partially supported by a Spanish CICYT
MAT2005-06806-C04-04 grant. MALM and RB acknowledge the Ministerio de
Eduacion y Ciencia of Spain for a Postdoctoral and a PhD grant,
respectively. This study was performed with the approval of Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No.
1999A0388). We are indebted to M. Suzuki, N. Kawamura and H. Maruyama
for their help during the experimental work at SPring-8 and for fruitful
discussions.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0909-0495
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 16
BP 38
EP 42
DI 10.1107/S0909049508033931
PN 1
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA 400JC
UT WOS:000262862900006
PM 19096172
ER
PT J
AU Bech, M
Bunk, O
David, C
Ruth, R
Rifkin, J
Loewen, R
Feidenhans'l, R
Pfeiffer, F
AF Bech, Martin
Bunk, Oliver
David, Christian
Ruth, Ronald
Rifkin, Jeff
Loewen, Rod
Feidenhans'l, Robert
Pfeiffer, Franz
TI Hard X-ray phase-contrast imaging with the Compact Light Source based on
inverse Compton X-rays
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE medical X-ray imaging; phase contrast; inverse Compton X-rays
ID GRATING INTERFEROMETER; TALBOT INTERFEROMETRY; TOMOGRAPHY; MAMMOGRAPHY;
SPECIMENS; BRAIN
AB The first imaging results obtained from a small-size synchrotron are reported. The newly developed Compact Light Source produces inverse Compton X-rays at the intersection point of the counter propagating laser and electron beam. The small size of the intersection point gives a highly coherent cone beam with a few milliradian angular divergence and a few percent energy spread. These specifications make the Compact Light Source ideal for a recently developed grating-based differential phase-contrast imaging method.
C1 [Bech, Martin; Feidenhans'l, Robert] Univ Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Bunk, Oliver; David, Christian; Pfeiffer, Franz] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Ruth, Ronald; Rifkin, Jeff; Loewen, Rod] Lyncean Technol Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA.
[Ruth, Ronald] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Pfeiffer, Franz] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Bech, M (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Univ Pk 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM bech@fys.ku.dk; franz.pfeiffer@psi.ch
RI Bech, Martin/K-4331-2012; Bunk, Oliver/B-7602-2013
OI Bech, Martin/0000-0001-9109-7175; Bunk, Oliver/0000-0001-6563-4053
FU LLC; Protein Structure Initiative, National Institute of General Medical
Sciences [R44 GM 66511, R44 GM 074437]; National Institute of General
Medical Sciences/National Center for Research Resources [U54-GM074961]
FX The authors would like to thank Jens Als-Nielsen for fruitful
discussions. Lyncean Technologies Inc would like to thank Rayonix, LLC,
for the loan of the marCCD 165 detector. The Compact Light Source is
supported by the Protein Structure Initiative, National Institute of
General Medical Sciences, grants: R44 GM 66511, R44 GM 074437, and
National Institute of General Medical Sciences/National Center for
Research Resources, grant U54-GM074961. These contents are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official views of the NIGMS or NCRR.
NR 29
TC 71
Z9 72
U1 2
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0909-0495
EI 1600-5775
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 16
BP 43
EP 47
DI 10.1107/S090904950803464X
PN 1
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA 400JC
UT WOS:000262862900007
PM 19096173
ER
PT J
AU Takeda, T
Wu, J
Thet-Thet-Lwin
Huo, Q
Yuasa, T
Hyodo, K
Dilmanian, FA
Akatsuka, T
AF Takeda, Tohoru
Wu, Jin
Thet-Thet-Lwin
Huo, Qingkai
Yuasa, Tetsuya
Hyodo, Kazuyuki
Dilmanian, F. Avraham
Akatsuka, Takao
TI X-ray fluorescent CT imaging of cerebral uptake of stable-iodine
perfusion agent iodoamphetamine analog IMP in mice
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray fluorescent CT; fluorescent X-ray; molecular imaging; cerebral
perfusion; IMP
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; PHASE-CONTRAST; MICROPET-II;
RESOLUTION; PERFORMANCE; SCANNER
AB Using X-ray fluorescent computed tomography (XFCT), the in vivo and ex vivo cerebral distribution of a stable-iodine-labeled cerebral perfusion agent, iodoamphetamine analog ((127)I-IMP), has been recorded in the brains of mice. In vivo cerebral perfusion in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus was depicted at 0.5 mm in-plane spatial resolution. Ex vivo XFCT images at 0.25 mm in-plane spatial resolution allowed the visualisation of the detailed structures of these regions. The quality of the XFCT image of the hippocampus was comparable with the (125)I-IMP autoradiogram. These results highlight the sensitivity of XFCT and its considerable potential to evaluate cerebral perfusion in small animals without using radioactive agents.
C1 [Takeda, Tohoru; Wu, Jin; Thet-Thet-Lwin] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058575, Japan.
[Huo, Qingkai; Yuasa, Tetsuya; Akatsuka, Takao] Yamagata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Yonezawa, Yamagata 9928510, Japan.
[Hyodo, Kazuyuki] Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Dilmanian, F. Avraham] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Takeda, T (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058575, Japan.
EM ttakeda@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
RI Yuasa, Tetsuya/F-5006-2013
FU Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture [19390313]; National
Laboratory for High Energy Physics [2007G643]
FX We thank Xiaowei Chang PhD, Naoki Sunaguchi MS, Taichi Kuroe MS, Seita
Nasukawa MS and Takeshi Murakami MS, Mr Hidenori Sato and Mr Kouzou
Kobayashi for their technical support, Dr Avril D. Woodhead for
reviewing the manuscript, and Nihon Medi-Physics for supplying IMP. This
research was partially supported by a Grant-In-Aid for Scientific
Research (No. 19390313) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science
and Culture, and performed under the auspices of the National Laboratory
for High Energy Physics (2007G643).
NR 27
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0909-0495
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 16
BP 57
EP 62
DI 10.1107/S0909049508031853
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA 400JC
UT WOS:000262862900009
PM 19096175
ER
PT J
AU Fu, JS
Streets, DG
Jang, CJ
Hao, JM
He, KB
Wang, LT
Zhang, Q
AF Fu, Joshua S.
Streets, David G.
Jang, Carey J.
Hao, Jiming
He, Kebin
Wang, Litao
Zhang, Qiang
TI Modeling Regional/Urban Ozone and Particulate Matter in Beijing, China
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-QUALITY; MESOSCALE MODEL; EMISSIONS; SYSTEM; TESTS; LAYER; ASIA
AB This paper examines Beijing air quality in the winter and summer of 2001 using an integrated air quality modeling system (Fifth Generation Mesoscale Meteorological Model [MMS]/Community Multiscale Air Quality [CMAQ]) in nested mode. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) emission inventory is used in the 36- (East Asia), 12- (East China), and 4-km (greater Beijing area) domains. Furthermore, we develop a local Beijing emission inventory that is used in the 4-km domain. We also construct a corroborated mapping of chemical species between the TRACE-P inventory and the Carbon Bond IV (CB-IV) chemical mechanism before the integrated modeling system is applied to study ozone (0,) and particulate matter (PM) in Beijing. Meteorological data for the integrated modeling runs are extracted from MM5. Model results show 0, hourly concentrations in the range of. 80-159 parts per billion (ppb) during summer in the urban areas and up to 189 ppb downwind of the city. High fine PM (PM(2.5)) concentrations (monthly average of 75 mu g . m(-3) in summer and 150 mu g . m(-3) in winter) are simulated over the metropolitan and downwind areas with significant secondary constituents. A comparison against available 03 and PM measurement data in Beijing is described. We recommend refinements to the developed local Beijing emission inventory to improve the simulation of Beijing's air quality. The 4-km modeling configuration is also recommended for the development of air pollution control strategies.
C1 [Fu, Joshua S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Streets, David G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Jang, Carey J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Hao, Jiming; He, Kebin] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Fu, JS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jsfu@utk.edu
RI Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014;
OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350
FU EPA's Intercontinental Transport and Climatic Effects of Air Pollutants
(ICAP) [STAR R830959]
FX This work was funded by EPA's Intercontinental Transport and Climatic
Effects of Air Pollutants (ICAP) project and STAR R830959 (GCAP) grants.
We thank Rokjin Park for providing GEOS-Chem 2001 data. We also thank
anonymous reviewers who spent much time and provided very thoughtful
suggestions to make this manuscript more readable.
NR 31
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 30
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 59
IS 1
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.59.1.37
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 393QS
UT WOS:000262388400005
PM 19216186
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, T
Shanklin, J
AF Nguyen, Tam
Shanklin, John
TI Altering Arabidopsis Oilseed Composition by a Combined Antisense-Hairpin
RNAi Gene Suppression Approach
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene suppression; RNA interference; Hairpin antisense
ID FATTY-ACIDS; FAD2 GENE; DESATURASE GENE; SEED OIL; EXPRESSION; PLANTS;
PHASEOLIN; MUTANTS; ENZYME; LIPIDS
AB Antisense (AS) and hairpin (HP) RNA interference (RNAi) targeted gene suppression technologies have been used to modify seed oil composition. Larger numbers of AS transgenics have to be screened to achieve a targeted level of suppression compared to RNAi. We hypothesized combining AS with RNAi might result in enhanced gene suppression compared to either method individually. AS and HP-RNAi were combined as hairpin antisense (HPAS) constructs containing similar to 125 bp sense and antisense portions of an untranslated region of the target gene separated by an intron containing an antisense copy of a portion of the target coding region. The Delta 12-desaturase FAD2, the omega 3-desaturase FAD3 and beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS) II were targeted in Arabidopsis to evaluate changes in oil composition with AS, HP and HPAS constructs driven by the phaseolin promoter. Modest but statistically significant enhancements in oilseed phenotypes were observed with HPAS relative to AS and HP-RNAi. Phenotypes for HPAS suppression of FAD2 and FAD3 were indistinguishable from their strongest mutant alleles. Our data suggest that HPAS may be useful for: (1) achieving levels of suppression comparable to those of gene knockouts in a tissue specific manner. (2) Maximizing suppression of suboptimal RNAi constructs and (3) minimizing the screening of transgenics to achieve desired oilseed composition.
C1 [Nguyen, Tam; Shanklin, John] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Shanklin, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM shanklin@bnl.gov
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and Dow
Agrosciences
FX We acknowledge the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department
of Energy and Dow Agrosciences for their generous support.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0003-021X
J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 1
BP 41
EP 49
DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1322-y
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 392BY
UT WOS:000262279100005
ER
PT J
AU Gentil-Beccot, A
Mele, S
Holtkamp, A
O'Connell, HB
Brooks, TC
AF Gentil-Beccot, Anne
Mele, Salvatore
Holtkamp, Annette
O'Connell, Heath B.
Brooks, Travis C.
TI Information Resources in High-Energy Physics: Surveying the Present
Landscape and Charting the Future Course
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Access to previous results is of paramount importance in the scientific process. Recent progress in information management focuses on building e-infrastructures for the optimization of the research workflow, through both policy-driven and user-pulled dynamics. For decades, High Energy Physics (HEP) has pioneered innovative solutions in the field of information management and dissemination. In light of a transforming information environment, it is important to assess the current usage of information resources by researchers and HEP provides a unique test bed for this assessment. A survey of about 10% of practitioners in the field reveals usage trends and information needs. Community-based services, such as the pioneering arXiv and SPIRES systems, largely answer the need of the scientists, with a limited but increasing fraction of younger users relying on Google. Commercial services offered by publishers or database vendors are essentially unused in the field. The survey offers an insight into the most important features that users require to optimize their research workflow. These results inform the future evolution of information management in HEP and, as these researchers are traditionally "early adopters" of innovation in scholarly communication, can inspire developments of disciplinary repositories serving other communities.
C1 [Gentil-Beccot, Anne; Mele, Salvatore] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
[Holtkamp, Annette] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[O'Connell, Heath B.] Fermilab Lib MS, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Brooks, Travis C.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr Lib, SLAC, SPIRES Databases, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Gentil-Beccot, A (reprint author), CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
EM anne.gentil-beccot@cem.ch; salvatore.mele@cem.ch;
Annette.Holtkamp@desy.de; hoc@fnal.gov; travis@slac.stanford.edu
OI O'Connell, Heath/0000-0002-1895-5310; Holtkamp,
Annette/0000-0002-4133-3528
NR 11
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1532-2882
J9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC
JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 60
IS 1
BP 150
EP 160
DI 10.1002/asi.20944
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library
Science
SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science
GA 394DD
UT WOS:000262424900014
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, XP
Tao, WK
Zhang, MH
Hou, AY
Xie, SC
Lang, S
Li, XW
Starr, DO
Li, XF
Simpson, J
AF Zeng, Xiping
Tao, Wei-Kuo
Zhang, Minghua
Hou, Arthur Y.
Xie, Shaocheng
Lang, Stephen
Li, Xiaowen
Starr, David O'C.
Li, Xiaofan
Simpson, Joanne
TI An Indirect Effect of Ice Nuclei on Atmospheric Radiation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD-RESOLVING MODEL; SOUTH CHINA SEA; LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR;
TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; TOGA COARE; CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS;
SURFACE PROCESSES; PHASE-III; PART II; BULK PARAMETERIZATION
AB A three-dimensional cloud-resolving model (CRM) with observed large-scale forcing is used to study how ice nuclei (IN) affect the net radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). In all the numerical experiments carried out, the cloud ice content in the upper troposphere increases with IN number concentration via the Bergeron process. As a result, the upward solar flux at the TOA increases whereas the infrared one decreases. Because of the opposite response of the two fluxes to IN concentration, the sensitivity of the net radiative flux at the TOA to IN concentration varies from one case to another.
Six tropical and three midlatitudinal field campaigns provide data to model the effect of IN on radiation in different latitudes. Classifying the CRM simulations into tropical and midlatitudinal and then comparing the two types reveals that the indirect effect of IN on radiation is greater in the middle latitudes than in the tropics. Furthermore, comparisons between model results and observations suggest that observational IN data are necessary to evaluate long-term CRM simulations.
C1 [Zeng, Xiping; Tao, Wei-Kuo; Hou, Arthur Y.; Lang, Stephen; Li, Xiaowen; Starr, David O'C.; Simpson, Joanne] NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Zeng, Xiping; Li, Xiaowen] Univ Maryland, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Zhang, Minghua] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY USA.
[Xie, Shaocheng] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA USA.
[Lang, Stephen] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Li, Xiaofan] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Zeng, XP (reprint author), NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, C423,Bldg 33,Mail Code 613-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM zeng@agnes.gsfc.nasa.gov
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; Hou, Arthur/D-8578-2012; Xie,
Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
OI Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145;
FU NASA Ames Research Center; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
FX The authors acknowledge the NASA Ames Research Center and the NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center for enormous computer time used in this
research. They also thank Dr. Gang Hong and two anonymous reviewers for
their critical yet constructive comments.
NR 88
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 66
IS 1
BP 41
EP 61
DI 10.1175/2008JAS2778.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 398GR
UT WOS:000262721100003
ER
PT J
AU Cabana, J
Kang, SH
Johnson, CS
Thackeray, MM
Grey, CP
AF Cabana, Jordi
Kang, Sun-Ho
Johnson, Christopher S.
Thackeray, Michael M.
Grey, Clare P.
TI Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of Composite
Layered-Spinel Electrodes Containing Ni and Mn for Li-Ion Batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structure; electrochemical electrodes; electrochemistry; lithium
compounds; magic angle spinning; secondary cells; X-ray diffraction
ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; NICKEL MANGANESE OXIDES; SITU X-RAY;
CATHODE MATERIALS; MAS NMR; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; HIGH-POWER; OXYGEN
NONSTOICHIOMETRY; ANOMALOUS CAPACITY; POSITIVE ELECTRODE
AB The structural features of a series of intergrown "layered-spinel" composite materials with initial formulation xLi[Mn(1.5)Ni(0.5)]O(4)center dot(1-x)(Li(2)MnO(3)center dot Li[Mn(0.5)Ni(0.5)]O(2)), previously shown to have attractive properties as positive electrodes in lithium batteries, were studied. The existence of a layered and a spinel component in samples with 0 < x < 1 was confirmed by both X-ray diffraction and (6)Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The unit-cell volume of the layered component was shown to decrease as a function of x, while the unit-cell parameter of the cubic spinel phase did not vary significantly. The (6)Li MAS NMR spectra confirmed that the cation distribution in these layered-spinel composite structures is extremely complex; analysis of the data, particularly for intermediate values of x, suggested that Mn(4+), Mn(3+), Ni(3+), and Ni(2+) ions are present, rather than just Mn(4+) and Ni(2+) as implied by the ideal formula xLi[Mn(1.5)Ni(0.5)]O(4)center dot(1-x)(Li(2)MnO(3)center dot Li[Mn(0.5)Ni(0.5)]O(2)). The structural changes induced by the electrochemical removal and reinsertion of lithium in the composite electrode for x=0.5 were followed by (6)Li MAS NMR and related to the different signatures in the composition-voltage profiles. The activity of both the layered and the spinel component within a 5-2 V voltage window was confirmed.
C1 [Cabana, Jordi; Grey, Clare P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kang, Sun-Ho; Johnson, Christopher S.; Thackeray, Michael M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Electrochem Energy Storage, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Cabana, J (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM cgrey@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010; Cabana, Jordi/G-6548-2012
OI Cabana, Jordi/0000-0002-2353-5986
FU U. S. DOE Office [DE-AC03-76SF00098, 6517749, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX J. C. and C. P. G. acknowledge support from the U. S. DOE Office of
Vehicle Technologies (contract no. DE-AC03-76SF00098 and subcontract no.
6517749 with LBNL). S.-H. K., C. S. J., and M. M. T acknowledge support
from the same DOE Office under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The use
of Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under
contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors are grateful to Dr. J. Wang
(APS) for the acquisition of the diffraction patterns and her technical
assistance. J. C. is indebted to the Generalitat de Catalunya for
providing funding through a Beatriu de Pinos postdoctoral fellowship.
NR 50
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 2
U2 72
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 9
BP A730
EP A736
DI 10.1149/1.3151963
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 475ZB
UT WOS:000268405400004
ER
PT J
AU Chen, GY
Richardson, TJ
AF Chen, Guoying
Richardson, Thomas J.
TI Solid Solution Phases in the Olivine-Type LiMnPO4/MnPO4 System
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemistry; lattice constants; lithium compounds; manganese
compounds; solid-state phase transformations; stoichiometry
ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; MISCIBILITY
GAP; LIXFEPO4; LIFEPO4; EXISTENCE; PHOSPHATE; CATHODES; DIAGRAM
AB Nonstoichiometry is reported in the LiMnPO4/MnPO4 system. As lithium is removed from crystalline LiMnPO4 by chemical or electrochemical methods, the resulting two-phase mixture consists of stoichiometric LiMnPO4 and a delithiated phase, LiyMnPO4, whose lattice parameters depend on the global extent of delithiation and on the crystalline domain size of the delithiated phase. This behavior is reproduced during electrochemical insertion of lithium. Again, no evidence for nonstoichiometry was found in the vicinity of LiMnPO4. Attempts to create single-phase solid solutions by heating mixtures of the two phases failed due to the thermal instability of LiyMnPO4.
C1 [Chen, Guoying; Richardson, Thomas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Chen, GY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tjrichardson@lbl.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank James Wilcox for preparing the composite electrode. This work
was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies of the
U. S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 27
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 46
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 9
BP A756
EP A762
DI 10.1149/1.3167389
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 475ZB
UT WOS:000268405400008
ER
PT J
AU Chen, ZH
Amine, K
AF Chen, Zonghai
Amine, K.
TI Computational Estimates of Fluoride Affinity of Boron-Based Anion
Receptors
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio calculations; boron compounds; chemical exchanges; ionic
conductivity; secondary cells
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; TRIS(PENTAFLUOROPHENYL) BORANE;
THERMAL-STABILITY; ELECTROLYTES; CELLS; DIFLUORO(OXALATO)BORATE;
ADDITIVES; DENSITY; IMPROVE; ANODE
AB Ab initio calculations were carried out to study the structure-property relationship of anion receptors to establish a guidance for developing advanced electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. A group of 25 well-selected anion receptors was investigated to illustrate the impact of structural rigidity and the substitution of electron-withdrawing groups, such as F and CF(3), as well as the substitution of alkoxyl groups. The calculation results showed that the fluoride affinity of an anion receptor can be reduced by the introduction of alkoxyl groups to the boron center and that the fluoride affinity increases with the substitution of electron-withdrawing groups.
C1 [Chen, Zonghai; Amine, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, ZH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM zonghai.chen@anl.gov
RI Chen, Zonghai/K-8745-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Freedom-CAR; Vehicle Technologies Office;
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0Z-06CH11357]
FX Research funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Freedom-CAR, and
Vehicle Technologies Office, Argonne National Laboratory is operated for
the U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract
no. DE-AC0Z-06CH11357.
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 8
BP A672
EP A676
DI 10.1149/1.3139042
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 468ET
UT WOS:000267798500007
ER
PT J
AU Jaiswal, A
Horne, CR
Chang, O
Zhang, W
Kong, W
Wang, E
Chern, T
Doeff, MM
AF Jaiswal, A.
Horne, C. R.
Chang, O.
Zhang, W.
Kong, W.
Wang, E.
Chern, T.
Doeff, M. M.
TI Nanoscale LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 for High Rate Li-Ion Batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; SPINEL; ELECTRODES;
SYSTEM; ROUTE
AB The electrochemical performances of nanoscale LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 materials are described in this paper. The nanomaterials were synthesized by pyrolysis of an aerosol precursor. Both compositions required moderate heat-treatment to become electrochemically active. LiFePO4 nanoparticles were coated with a uniform, 2-4 nm thick carbon coating using an organic precursor in the heat-treatment step and showed a high tap density of 1.24 g/cm(3) despite the 50-100 nm particle size and 2.9 wt % carbon content. Li4Ti5O12 nanoparticles were between 50 and 200 nm and showed a tap density of 0.8 g/cm(3). The nanomaterials were tested both in half-cell configurations against Li metal and in LiFePO4/Li4Ti5O12 full cells. Nano-LiFePO4 showed a high discharge rate capability with values of 150 and 138 mAh/g at C/25 and 5C, respectively, after constant C/25 charges. Nano-Li4Ti5O12 also showed a high charge capability with values of 148 and 138 mAh/g at C/25 and 5C, respectively, after constant C/25 discharges; the discharge (lithiation) capability was comparatively slower. LiFePO4/Li4Ti5O12 full cells deliver charge/discharge capacity values of 150 and 122 mAh/g at C/5 and 5C, respectively. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3223987] All rights reserved.
C1 [Jaiswal, A.; Horne, C. R.; Chang, O.; Zhang, W.; Kong, W.] NanoGram Corp, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA.
[Wang, E.; Chern, T.; Doeff, M. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jaiswal, A (reprint author), NanoGram Corp, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA.
EM ajaiswal@nanogram.com
RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013
OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047
FU NanoGram Corporation
FX The authors are thankful to the management of NanoGram Corporation for
their support of this work. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Robert
Kostecki for helpful discussions and for providing the Raman spectra on
samples.
NR 23
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 52
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 12
BP A1041
EP A1046
DI 10.1149/1.3223987
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 512BZ
UT WOS:000271218900011
ER
PT J
AU Karan, NK
Abraham, DP
Balasubramanian, M
Furczon, MM
Thomas, R
Katiyar, RS
AF Karan, N. K.
Abraham, D. P.
Balasubramanian, M.
Furczon, M. M.
Thomas, R.
Katiyar, R. S.
TI Morphology, Structure, and Electrochemistry of Solution-Derived
LiMn0.5-xCr2xNi0.5-xO2 for Lithium-Ion Cells
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; OXIDE CATHODE MATERIALS; IN-SITU; ELECTRODE MATERIALS;
LOCAL-STRUCTURE; LAYERED LIMNO2; INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MANGANESE OXIDES; BATTERIES
AB In recent years LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 has emerged as a promising alternative to LiCoO2 because of its lower cost, better high voltage stability, and improved thermal abuse characteristics. In this paper we report on Li[Mn(0.5-x)Cr(2)xNi(0.5-x)]O-2 (0 <= 2x <= 0.2) compounds, which is formed by the partial substitution of nickel and manganese in LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 by chromium. The Li[Mn0.5-xCr2xNi0.5-x]O-2 particles, prepared by a chemical solution route, displayed a faceted morphology, with particle size increasing with increasing chromium content. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data from the oxides showed that the c lattice parameter of the layered alpha-NaFeO2-type structure increased, and lithium/nickel intermixing decreased, with increasing chromium content. Electrochemical cycling in the 3-4.3 V voltage window indicated that the discharge capacity was highest for the 2x = 0.05 oxide composition. Charge and discharge capacities decreased with increasing chromium content for electrodes cycled in the 3-4.8 V range, and cells containing the higher chromium content oxides showed significant polarization. Peaks corresponding to oxygen loss were observed in dQ/dV plots of cells containing the 2x = 0, 0.05, and 0.1 oxides, but not for the 2x = 0.2 oxide. The first cycle "irreversible" capacity observed for cells cycled up to 145 mAh/g capacity was recovered by deep-discharging the cells to voltages below 1.5 V. Oxidation state and local structural analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy data from the deep-discharged and as-prepared samples showed remarkable similarity, which indicated that the deep-discharge allowed the sample to almost regain its original state. Significant capacity loss was observed during electrochemical cycling, especially for the high chromium containing oxides, which appears to result from rate limitations induced by the coupling of lithium diffusion and chromium migration to and from the tetrahedral sites during the charge-discharge cycles. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/ 1.3125702] All rights reserved.
C1 [Karan, N. K.; Thomas, R.; Katiyar, R. S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Karan, N. K.; Thomas, R.; Katiyar, R. S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Abraham, D. P.; Furczon, M. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Balasubramanian, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Karan, NK (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
EM naba_bapi@yahoo.com; abraham@anl.gov; rkatiyar@uprrp.edu
RI Thomas, Reji/B-2669-2010
OI Thomas, Reji/0000-0003-3588-2317
FU NASA-EPSCoR [NNX08AB12A]; UPR Material Characterization Center (MCC);
U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of
Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The financial support from NASA-EPSCoR (grant no. NNX08AB12A) is
gratefully acknowledged. One of us (N.K.K.) is grateful to the
NSF-EPSCoR for the graduate fellowship. Continual support from UPR
Material Characterization Center (MCC) is also acknowledged. PNC/XOR is
supported by the U. S. DOE, NSERC, and its member institutions. The
Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. DOE under contract no.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The CSE authors are grateful to Dave Howell at the U.
S. DOE, Office of Vehicle Technologies, and to D. Graczyk, S. Naik,
S.-H. Kang, and Gary Henriksen at Argonne. Argonne National Laboratory
is a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory operated by
UChicago Argonne LLC under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 47
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 25
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 7
BP A553
EP A562
DI 10.1149/1.3125702
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 469HQ
UT WOS:000267887500009
ER
PT J
AU Lopez, CM
Vaughey, JT
Dees, DW
AF Lopez, Carmen M.
Vaughey, John T.
Dees, Dennis W.
TI Morphological Transitions on Lithium Metal Anodes
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE cells (electric); electrochemical electrodes; electrolytes; lithium;
lithium compounds; porous materials; scanning electron microscopy;
surface morphology
ID BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTE; CARBONATE; GROWTH; INHIBITION; DENDRITES;
BEHAVIOR; SURFACE; CELLS
AB Coin cells were prepared using a metallic lithium anode, a Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) cathode, and a 1.2 M LiPF(6)/ethylene carbonate:ethyl methyl carbonate (30:70 wt %) electrolyte. The cells were cycled galvanostatically between 1 and 2 V vs Li/Li(+) (i=2.0 mA/cm(2)) at a 2C rate. After a specific number of cycles, the cells were disassembled and the morphology of the lithium anode was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. It was observed that the surface morphology of the lithium metal electrode transitioned from a flat and smooth morphology to a microscopically rugged structure that shows three distinct layers: a top dendritic layer, an intermediate porous layer, and a residual metallic lithium layer. Morphological and electrochemical evidence points to the depletion of the electrolyte and the active metallic lithium that reacted to produce the porous layer as the most likely cause of cell failure under the conditions studied.
C1 [Lopez, Carmen M.; Vaughey, John T.; Dees, Dennis W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lopez, CM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM clopez@anl.gov
OI Lopez, Carmen M./0000-0002-6096-0674; Vaughey, John/0000-0002-2556-6129
FU Office of Vehicle Technologies Program, Hybrid and Electric Systems, of
the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
FX Support from the Office of Vehicle Technologies Program, Hybrid and
Electric Systems, of the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, David Howell, and Tien Duong is
gratefully acknowledged. C. M. L. thanks Dr. Wen-quan Lu for many a
fruitful discussion.
NR 18
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 8
U2 71
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 9
BP A726
EP A729
DI 10.1149/1.3158548
PG 4
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 475ZB
UT WOS:000268405400003
ER
PT J
AU Marcinek, ML
Wilcox, JW
Doeff, MM
Kostecki, RM
AF Marcinek, Marek L.
Wilcox, James W.
Doeff, Marca M.
Kostecki, Robert M.
TI Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition of Carbon Coatings on
LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for Li-Ion Battery Composite Cathodes
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon; coatings; electrochemical electrodes; lithium compounds; plasma
CVD; powders; Raman spectra; scanning electron microscopy; secondary
cells; thin films; transmission electron microscopy
ID LITHIUM INSERTION MATERIAL; LAYERED LI(NI1/3CO1/3MN1/3)O-2;
FIELD-EMISSION; THIN-FILMS; PERFORMANCE; GRAPHITE; LICO1/3NI1/3MN1/3O2;
DEGRADATION; KINETICS; QUALITY
AB In this paper we report results of a synthesis method of thin-film conductive carbon coatings on LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode active material powders for lithium-ion batteries. Thin layers of graphitic carbon were produced from a solid organic precursor, anthracene, by a one-step microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method. The structure and morphology of the carbon coatings were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The composite LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 electrodes were electrochemically tested in lithium half coin cells. The composite cathodes made of the carbon-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/C powder showed superior electrochemical performance and increased capacity compared to standard composite LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 electrodes.
C1 [Marcinek, Marek L.; Wilcox, James W.; Kostecki, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Doeff, Marca M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Marcinek, ML (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland.
EM r_kostecki@lbl.gov
RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013
OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047
FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; U. S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies of
the U. S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 40
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 7
U2 57
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 1
BP A48
EP A51
DI 10.1149/1.3021007
PG 4
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 376UZ
UT WOS:000261209800010
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YK
Yoon, CS
Myung, ST
Belharouak, I
Amine, K
AF Sun, Yang-Kook
Yoon, Chong Seung
Myung, Seoung-Taek
Belharouak, Ilias
Amine, Khalil
TI Role of AlF3 Coating on LiCoO2 Particles during Cycling to Cutoff
Voltage above 4.5 V
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID BATTERIES; CATHODE; INTERCALATION; PERFORMANCE; IMPROVEMENT; BEHAVIOR;
LIXCOO2
AB Cell tests demonstrated that the use of an AlF3 coating enabled a LiCoO2 electrode to deliver a higher discharge capacity (208 mAh g(-1)) at an upper cutoff voltage of 4.54 V. About 94% of the initial capacity was retained after 50 cycles, while the capacity retention of pristine LiCoO2 was only 60% at 4.5 V. The improved electrochemical performance with the AlF3 coating was attributed to the delay of structural degradation of LiCoO2 during cycling. A structural analysis of the cycled LiCoO2 electrode revealed that the pristine LiCoO2 transforms to a cubic spinel phase via an intermediate phase triggered by progressive chemical leaching of Co during cycling. The AlF3 coating protected LiCoO2 from the chemical attack by HF and thus helped to delay the eventual phase transformation to a spinel phase. By delaying this transformation, the AlF3 coating was able to reduce the charge-transfer resistance and maintain the structural stability when cycled above 4.5 V. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3236501] All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Yang-Kook] Hanyang Univ, Dept Energy Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Yoon, Chong Seung] Hanyang Univ, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Myung, Seoung-Taek] Iwate Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morioka, Iwate 0208551, Japan.
[Belharouak, Ilias; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Sun, YK (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Energy Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
EM yksun@hanyang.ac.kr
RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013;
OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; Belharouak,
Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278
FU Global Research Network Program; World Class University (WCU) program
through the Korea Science; Engineering Foundation by Education, Science,
and Technology [R31-2008-000-10092]
FX This work was supported by the Global Research Network Program and by a
World Class University (WCU) program through the Korea Science and
Engineering Foundation by Education, Science, and Technology
(R31-2008-000-10092).
NR 18
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 42
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 12
BP A1005
EP A1010
DI 10.1149/1.3236501
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 512BZ
UT WOS:000271218900006
ER
PT J
AU Tang, M
Albertus, P
Newman, J
AF Tang, Maureen
Albertus, Paul
Newman, John
TI Two-Dimensional Modeling of Lithium Deposition during Cell Charging
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID KINETIC CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; INSERTION CELL;
CARBON-FIBER; BATTERIES; INTERCALATION; ELECTRODES; OPTIMIZATION;
DISCHARGE; LIXCOO2
AB Empirical observations have shown that lithium deposition occurs preferentially at electrode edges and that extending the negative electrode beyond the edge of the positive by approximately 1 mm can prevent deposition from occurring. In this work, we use a simplified COMSOL Multiphysics model to explain this behavior and to investigate the conditions under which deposition occurs, paying particular attention to the magnitude of edge effects. Model results show that geometric effects generate overpotential at the edge of the electrode and create conditions which favor plating, despite unused capacity in the center of the electrode. Extending the negative electrode beyond the edge of the positive provides excess capacity where it is needed and prevents deposition from occurring before the cutoff potential is reached. Under the assumptions of this model, an extension of 0.4 mm is sufficient to prevent the onset of lithium deposition until after the cutoff potential is reached. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3095513] All rights reserved.
C1 [Tang, Maureen; Albertus, Paul; Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Tang, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mtang@berkeley.edu
RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008
OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We acknowledge Robert Spotnitz and Erik Scott for helpful discussion.
This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 24
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 9
U2 80
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 5
BP A390
EP A399
DI 10.1149/1.3095513
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 427LI
UT WOS:000264780400008
ER
PT J
AU Trahey, L
Vaughey, JT
Kung, HH
Thackeray, MM
AF Trahey, Lynn
Vaughey, John T.
Kung, Harold H.
Thackeray, Michael M.
TI High-Capacity, Microporous Cu6Sn5-Sn Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES;
TIN-COBALT; SN; REACTIVITY; ALLOYS; CU2SB
AB Three-dimensional, microporous Cu6Sn5-Sn architectures were created by electrodeposition of copper and tin onto sintered copper foam substrates and evaluated as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. The electrodes were characterized before and after cycling by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Before cycling, the electrochemically deposited films consisted of a combination of crystalline Cu6Sn5 and Sn, whereas after cycling, the films appeared amorphous to X-rays. When evaluated in coin cells against metallic lithium, the composite Cu6Sn5-Sn electrodes delivered a reversible capacity of 670 mAh/g, which is significantly greater than the capacity achieved previously from powdered (ballmilled) and thin-film (sputtered) Cu6Sn5 electrodes, typically 200-350 mAh/g. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3094033] All rights reserved.
C1 [Trahey, Lynn; Vaughey, John T.; Thackeray, Michael M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kung, Harold H.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Trahey, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM trahey@anl.gov
RI Kung, Harold/B-7647-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Northwestern University
FX The authors thank Dennis W. Dees for helpful discussions. Financial
support from the Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department
of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 and from the Center for
Energy Efficient Transportation at Northwestern University is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 31
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 3
U2 51
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 5
BP A385
EP A389
DI 10.1149/1.3094033
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 427LI
UT WOS:000264780400007
ER
PT J
AU Vaughey, JT
Thackeray, MM
Shin, D
Wolverton, C
AF Vaughey, J. T.
Thackeray, M. M.
Shin, D.
Wolverton, C.
TI Studies of LaSn3 as a Negative Electrode for Lithium-Ion Batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; WAVE BASIS-SET;
INTERMETALLIC ELECTRODES; ANODES; TIN; METALS; LI22PB5; ALLOYS; CU2SB
AB The intermetallic compound LaSn3 has been explored as a possible negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries. A combination of experiment and density functional theory calculations provides evidence that the structure is intolerant to lithium insertion and that the electrochemical reaction occurs via a displacement mechanism. Experiment shows that approximately six Li react initially with LaSn3; calculated energetics suggest that during the reaction La3Sn5 and lithiated tin are formed and that the electrode operates by delithiation and relithiation of the Sn particles within an inert lanthanum-tin matrix. LaSn3 electrodes provide a reversible specific capacity of 200-250 mAh/g, whereas In-substituted electrodes that form a solid solution with LaSn3, such as LaSn2.7In0.3, yield a slightly lower capacity. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3125132] All rights reserved.
C1 [Vaughey, J. T.; Thackeray, M. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Shin, D.; Wolverton, C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Vaughey, JT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM vaughey@anl.gov
RI Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009; Shin, Dongwon/C-6519-2008;
OI Shin, Dongwon/0000-0002-5797-3423; Vaughey, John/0000-0002-2556-6129
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, 754861]
FX Support to conduct this work from the Office of Vehicle Technologies
(Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program) of
the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357 is
gratefully acknowledged. Primet Precision Materials Inc. is thanked for
providing SEM images of the LaSn3 electrode samples. D.S. and
C.W. acknowledge support from Sandia National Laboratories and the U.S.
Department of Energy under LDRD project 754861.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 7
BP A536
EP A540
DI 10.1149/1.3125132
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 469HQ
UT WOS:000267887500007
ER
PT J
AU Wilcox, JD
Rodriguez, EE
Doeff, MM
AF Wilcox, James D.
Rodriguez, Efrain E.
Doeff, Marca M.
TI The Impact of Aluminum and Iron Substitution on the Structure and
Electrochemistry of Li(Ni0.4Co0.2-yMyMn0.4)O-2 Materials
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; LAYERED LINI1/3MN1/3CO1/3O2 CATHODES; POSITIVE
ELECTRODE MATERIALS; NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE; IRREVERSIBLE CAPACITY;
TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; AL SUBSTITUTION; LIMO2 M; LI-ION; BEHAVIOR
AB Li(Ni0.4Co0.2-yMyMn0.4)O-2 (0 <= y <= 0.2) (M = Al) and Li(Ni0.4Co0.15Fe0.05Mn0.4)O-2 compounds were prepared to investigate the effect of replacement of all or part of the cobalt on the structural and electrochemical properties. The impact of substitution on the structure has been examined by both X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments. The incorporation of aluminum has minimal effect on the antisite defect concentration, but leads to structural changes that affect electrochemical performance. The most important effect is an opening of the lithium slab dimension upon substitution, which results in improved rate performance compared to the parent compound. In contrast, the lithium slab dimension is not affected by iron substitution and no rate enhancement effect is observed. The cycling stability of aluminum containing materials is superior to both the parent material and iron-substituted materials. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3237100] All rights reserved.
C1 [Wilcox, James D.; Doeff, Marca M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rodriguez, Efrain E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wilcox, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mmdoeff@lbl.gov
RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013; Rodriguez,
Efrain/N-1928-2013
OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047; Rodriguez, Efrain/0000-0001-6044-1543
FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Office
of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[W-7405-ENG-36]; Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Neutron
patterns were obtained at the Lujan Center at the Los Alamos Neutron
Science Center, funded by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and
Los Alamos National Laboratory, funded by the DOE under contract no.
W-7405-ENG-36. The authors also thank Aaron Kueck for the TEM images of
the active materials.
NR 48
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 21
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
EI 1945-7111
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 12
BP A1011
EP A1018
DI 10.1149/1.3237100
PG 8
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 512BZ
UT WOS:000271218900007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, HM
Belharouak, I
Deng, H
Abouimrane, A
Sun, YK
Amine, K
AF Wu, H. M.
Belharouak, I.
Deng, H.
Abouimrane, A.
Sun, Y-K.
Amine, K.
TI Development of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li4Ti5O12 System with Long Cycle Life
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID STRAIN INSERTION MATERIAL; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIALS;
CELLS; LI4/3TI5/3O4; LI4TI5O12; ME
AB The electrochemical performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO)/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) cells with different designs (positive-electrode-limited, negative-electrode-limited, and positive/negative capacity ratio of approximate to 1) was investigated at different temperatures and current densities. Half-cells based on either LNMO/Li or LTO/Li exhibited an outstanding rate capability. When both electrodes were combined in a full cell configuration, the LNMO/LTO cells showed an excellent rate capability, with 86% discharge capacity retention at the 10C rate. Of the three designs, the negative-limited full cell showed the best cycling performance when discharged at the 2C rate in tests at room temperature: 98% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. The negative-limited full cell also exhibited excellent cycling characteristics in tests at 55 degrees C: 95% discharge capacity retention after 200 cycles. These results clearly demonstrate that the LNMO/LTO system with a negative-limited design is attractive for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, where a long cycle life and a reasonable power are needed. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3240197] All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, H. M.; Belharouak, I.; Deng, H.; Abouimrane, A.; Amine, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sun, Y-K.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Informat & Commun Mat, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
RP Wu, HM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM amine@anl.gov
RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013;
OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; Belharouak,
Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278
NR 20
TC 54
Z9 56
U1 10
U2 101
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 12
BP A1047
EP A1050
DI 10.1149/1.3240197
PG 4
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 512BZ
UT WOS:000271218900012
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, A
Yang, L
Lucht, BL
Kang, SH
Abraham, DP
AF Xiao, Ang
Yang, Li
Lucht, Brett L.
Kang, Sun-Ho
Abraham, Daniel P.
TI Examining the Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Binder-Free Graphite
Electrodes
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemical electrodes; electrophoresis; graphite; infrared spectra;
secondary cells; solid electrolytes; thermal analysis; X-ray
photoelectron spectra
ID LI-ION BATTERIES; SURFACE-FILM FORMATION; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM
BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; LIQUID ELECTROLYTES; NEGATIVE
ELECTRODE; NATURAL GRAPHITE; SALT; LIBOB; SPECTROSCOPY
AB The solid electrode interphase (SEI) on graphite electrodes is important to the performance, calendar life, and safety characteristics of lithium-ion cells. This article examines the SEI formed on binder-free graphite electrodes prepared by electrophoretic deposition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis data were obtained on electrodes cycled in cells containing four electrolytes comprising ethylene carbonate: ethylmethyl carbonate (3:7 by weight) solvent and 1.2 M LiPF(6), 1 M LiF(2)BC(2)O(4), 1 M LiBF(4), or 0.7 M LiB(C(2)O(4))(2) salt. Our observations suggest that, in addition to solvent reduction, the reduction of electrolyte salts plays an important role in SEI formation. Mechanisms to account for the formation of these SEI constituents are included in the article.
C1 [Xiao, Ang; Yang, Li; Lucht, Brett L.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Kang, Sun-Ho; Abraham, Daniel P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Xiao, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM abraham@anl.gov
RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010
FU U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies
FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Vehicle Technologies. We are grateful for the support of Tien Duong
and Dave Howell at DOE, and Gary Henriksen and Dennis Dees at Argonne.
We acknowledge the assistance of Magdalena Furczon (Argonne) for
electrochemical measurements on the BF graphite samples and Liu Zhou
(URI) for preparation and characterization of LixBOxFz.
NR 43
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 54
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 4
BP A318
EP A327
DI 10.1149/1.3078020
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 412IG
UT WOS:000263717900012
ER
PT J
AU Xu, W
Xiao, J
Zhang, J
Wang, DY
Zhang, JG
AF Xu, Wu
Xiao, Jie
Zhang, Jian
Wang, Deyu
Zhang, Ji-Guang
TI Optimization of Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Primary Lithium/Air
Batteries Operated in Ambient Environment
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 215th Electrochemistry-Society Meeting
CY MAY 24-29, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Electrochem Soc
ID LITHIUM/OXYGEN BATTERY; AIR BATTERIES
AB The selection and optimization of nonaqueous electrolytes for ambient operations of lithium/air batteries have been studied. Organic solvents with a low volatility and low moisture absorption are necessary to minimize the change in electrolyte compositions and the reaction between lithium anode and water during the discharge process. It is also critical to make the electrolyte with a high polarity so that it can reduce wetting and flooding of the carbon-based air electrode and lead to improved battery performance. For ambient operations, the polarity of solvents outweighs the viscosity, ion conductivity, and oxygen solubility once these latter properties attain a certain reasonable level. Hence, a propylene carbonate/ethylene carbonate (PC/EC) mixture is the most feasible solvent system and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide the best salt for ambient operations of Li/air batteries, whose performance is relatively insensitive to PC/EC ratio and salt concentration. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3168564] All rights reserved.
C1 [Xu, Wu; Xiao, Jie; Zhang, Jian; Wang, Deyu; Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Xu, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM wu.xu@pnl.gov
RI Deyu, Wang/J-9496-2014;
OI Xu, Wu/0000-0002-2685-8684
NR 8
TC 119
Z9 126
U1 7
U2 104
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 10
BP A773
EP A779
DI 10.1149/1.3168564
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 498IV
UT WOS:000270133400001
ER
PT J
AU Basu, S
Wang, CY
Chen, KS
AF Basu, Suman
Wang, Chao-Yang
Chen, Ken S.
TI Phase Change in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE liquid-vapour transformations; proton exchange membrane fuel cells;
thermal conductivity
ID LIQUID WATER SATURATION; MODEL DEVELOPMENT; DIFFUSION MEDIUM; 2-PHASE
FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; TRANSPORT; CATHODE; PREDICTION; VISUALIZATION;
MULTIPHASE
AB Stable high performance in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) requires efficient removal of product water and heat from the reaction sites. The most important coupling between water and heat transport in PEFC, through the liquid-vapor phase change, remains unexplored. This paper sheds light on physical characteristics of liquid-vapor phase change and its role in PEFC operation. A two-phase, nonisothermal numerical model is used to elucidate the phase-change effects inside the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a PEFC. Locations of condensation and evaporation are quantified. Operating conditions such as the relative humidity (RH) of inlet gases and materials properties such as the thermal conductivity of GDL are found to have major influence on phase change. Condensation under the cooler land surface is substantially reduced by decreasing the inlet RH or increasing the GDL thermal conductivity. The RH effect is more pronounced near the cell inlet, whereas the GDL thermal conductivity affects the phase-change rate more uniformly throughout the flow length.
C1 [Basu, Suman; Wang, Chao-Yang] Penn State Univ, Electrochem Engine Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Basu, Suman; Wang, Chao-Yang] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chen, Ken S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Nanoscale & React Proc Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Basu, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Electrochem Engine Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM cxw31@psu.edu
RI Wang, Chao-Yang/C-4122-2009
FU Sandia National Laboratories
FX This work was funded by Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 27
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2009
VL 156
IS 6
BP B748
EP B756
DI 10.1149/1.3115470
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 440ZF
UT WOS:000265737600024
ER
EF