FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT B
AU Brooks, K
Devarakonda, M
Rassat, S
King, D
Herling, D
AF Brooks, Kriston
Devarakonda, Maruthi
Rassat, Scot
King, Dale
Herling, Darrell
GP ASME
TI SYSTEMS MODELING OF AMMONIA BORANE BEAD REACTOR FOR OFF-BOARD
REGENERABLE HYDROGEN STORAGE IN PEM FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
ID HIERARCHICAL METHODOLOGY
AB Research on ammonia borane (AB, NH(3)BH(3)) has shown it to be a promising material for chemical hydrogen storage in PEM fuel cell applications. AB was selected by DOE's Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSECoE) as the initial chemical hydride of study because of its high hydrogen storage capacity (up to 19.6% by weight for the release of three molar equivalents of hydrogen gas) and its stability under typical ambient conditions. A model of a bead reactor system was developed to study AB system performance in an automotive application and estimate the energy, mass, and volume requirements for this off-board regenerable hydrogen storage material. The system includes feed and product tanks, hot and cold augers, a ballast tank/reactor, a H(2) burner and a radiator. One-dimensional models based on conservation of species and energy were used to predict important state variables such as reactant and product concentrations, temperatures of various components, flow rates, and pressure in the reactor system. The flow rate of AB into the process and the system pressure were governed by a control system which is modeled as an independent subsystem. Each subsystem in the model was coded as a C language S-function and implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment. Preliminary system simulation results for a start-up case and for a transient drive cycle indicate appropriate trends in the reactor system dynamics.
C1 [Brooks, Kriston; Devarakonda, Maruthi; Rassat, Scot; King, Dale; Herling, Darrell] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Brooks, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM maruthi.devarakonda@pnl.gov
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4404-5
PY 2010
BP 729
EP 734
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BVB68
UT WOS:000290976400090
ER
PT B
AU Restrepo, B
Banta, LE
Tsai, AJ
Tucker, D
AF Restrepo, Bernardo
Banta, Larry E.
Tsai, Alex J.
Tucker, David
GP ASME
TI COMBINATION OF A NONLINEAR STATIC AND A LINEAR DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE NETL
HYPER SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
AB A nonlinear steady-state thermodynamic model was coupled with linearized dynamic transfer functions to achieve a dynamic description of the NETL HyPer Fuel Cell Gas Turbine (FC/GT) power plant. Nonlinear dynamic models insure accuracy in modeling steady-state behavior over a wide range of operation, but such models are often complex and difficult to implement in real-time using conventional control systems equipment. Conversely, the linearized models provide the ability to predict transient behavior upon which dynamic control systems can be constructed, but are valid only about a narrow operating point. In systems with one or two state variables, it is relatively straightforward to construct controllers that use gain scheduling schemes. But the HyPer system contains many coupled state variables and high degrees of nonlinearity. A method called Real-Time Piecewise Linear Dynamic Modeling (RPLDM) has been implemented to provide both modeling accuracy and real-time performance for the HyPer system over a multi-dimensional hypersurface. Both the nonlinear and the linear constituent models were constructed based on experimental data collected in tests performed on the HyPer system. The models presently consider only the cathode circuit of the fuel cell and contain a recuperated gas turbine system equipped with an electric generator, a simulated fuel cell cathode and various bypass valves for thermal management and system control. The key variables of air temperature, air pressure and mass flow to the cathode of the fuel cell and the turbomachinery have been predicted to within 2% of measured values. This paper presents the modeling technique and comparisons of the model output with experimental data.
C1 [Restrepo, Bernardo; Banta, Larry E.; Tsai, Alex J.; Tucker, David] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Restrepo, B (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 140
PG 12
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500014
ER
PT B
AU Smith, MW
Berry, DA
Shekhawat, D
Haynes, DJ
AF Smith, Mark W.
Berry, David A.
Shekhawat, Dushyant
Haynes, Daniel J.
GP ASME
TI CATALYTIC MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR A SOFC REFORMING SYSTEM: APPLICATION
OF AN OXIDATIVE STEAM REFORMING CATALYST TO A MONOLITHIC REACTOR
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
ID N-TETRADECANE; ION CONDUCTIVITY; METHANE; PYROCHLORES; DEPOSITION;
SULFUR; RH
AB The main objective of this work was to develop fuel reforming technologies to produce a H-2-rich synthesis gas to power a solid oxide fuel cell being developed by US DOE for applications like diesel auxiliary power units. In order to accomplish this objective the following efforts were required: 1) examination of the effect of oxygen-conducting supports on reforming catalyst performance, 2) demonstration of the long-term stability under reforming conditions of an oxide powder catalyst deposited onto an oxygen-conducting support, 3) fabrication of a catalyst system by depositing the active catalyst and oxygen-conducting material onto a monolithic support structure for scaled-up reforming tests, 4) demonstration of the scaled-up reforming tests using the monolithic reactor.
A successful 1,000-hr diesel reforming test was completed on a powder pyrochlore catalyst developed by NETL deposited onto an oxygen-conducting support. This test demonstrated that the catalyst and support compositions developed have significant potential in a commercial reforming application for the production of synthesis gas. Transforming this powder catalyst into a commercially viable form was the next major step to the development of a usable product. An alumina monolith structure coated with both the oxygen-conducting support and the active pyrochlore phase was fabricated and its performance was validated by short term partial oxidation (POX) tests on pump diesel, and in an integrated reformer-fuel cell test for 100 hrs on a biodiesel fuel under oxidative steam reforming (OSR) conditions.
C1 [Smith, Mark W.; Berry, David A.; Shekhawat, Dushyant; Haynes, Daniel J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Smith, MW (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 399
EP 403
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500045
ER
PT B
AU Siefert, N
Shekhawat, D
Kalapos, T
AF Siefert, Nicholas
Shekhawat, Dushyant
Kalapos, Thomas
GP ASME
TI INTEGRATING CATALYTIC COAL GASIFIERS WITH SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
ID DIRECT OXIDATION; EUTECTIC SALTS; SOFC ANODES; GASIFICATION; METHANE;
CARBON; HYDROCARBON; CERIA
AB A review was conducted for coal gasification technologies that integrate with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) to achieve system efficiencies near 60% while capturing and sequestering >90% of the carbon dioxide [1-2]. The overall system efficiency can reach 60% when a) the coal gasifier produces a syngas with a methane composition of roughly 25% on a dry volume basis, b) the carbon dioxide is separated from the methane-rich synthesis gas, c) the methane-rich syngas is sent to a SOFC, and d) the off-gases from the SOFC are recycled back to coal gasifier. The thermodynamics of this process will be reviewed and compared to conventional processes in order to highlight where available work (i.e. exergy) is lost in entrained-flow, high-temperature gasification, and where exergy is lost in hydrogen oxidation within the SOFC.
The main advantage of steam gasification of coal to methane and carbon dioxide is that the amount of exergy consumed in the gasifier is small compared to conventional, high-temperature, oxygen-blown gasifiers. However, the goal of limiting the amount of exergy destruction in the gasifier has the effect of limiting the rates of chemical reactions. Thus, one of the main advantages of steam gasification leads to one of its main problems: slow reaction kinetics. While conventional entrained-flow, high-temperature gasifiers consume a sizable portion of the available work in the coal oxidation, the consumed exergy speeds up the rates of reactions. And while the rates of steam gasification reactions can be increased through the use of catalysts, only a few catalysts can meet cost requirements because there is often significant deactivation due to chemical reactions between the inorganic species in the coal and the catalyst. Previous research into increasing the kinetics of steam gasification will be reviewed. The goal of this paper is to highlight both the challenges and advantages of integrating catalytic coal gasifiers with SOFCs.
C1 [Siefert, Nicholas; Shekhawat, Dushyant] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Siefert, N (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 563
EP 570
PG 8
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500067
ER
PT B
AU Colella, WG
AF Colella, Whitney G.
GP ASME
TI OPTIMAL DESIGN AND CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR NOVEL COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
(CHP) FUEL CELL SYSTEMS: PART I OF II - DATUM DESIGN CONDITIONS AND
APPROACH
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
ID FCS; SUBSYSTEM
AB Energy network optimization (ENO) models identify new strategies for designing, installing, and controlling stationary combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems (FCSs) with the goals of 1) minimizing electricity and heating costs for building owners and 2) reducing emissions of the primary greenhouse gas (GHG) - carbon dioxide (CO(2)). A goal of this work is to employ relatively inexpensive simulation studies to discover more financially and environmentally effective approaches for installing CHP FCSs. ENO models quantify the impact of different choices made by power generation operators, FCS manufacturers, building owners, and governments with respect to two primary goals - energy cost savings for building owners and CO(2) emission reductions. These types of models are crucial for identifying cost and CO(2) optima for particular installations. Optimal strategies change with varying economic and environmental conditions, FCS performance, the characteristics of building demand for electricity and heat, and many other factors. ENO models evaluate both "business-as-usual" and novel FCS operating strategies. For the scenarios examined here, relative to a base case of no FCSs installed, model results indicate that novel strategies could reduce building energy costs by 25% and CO(2) emissions by 80%. Part I of II articles discusses model assumptions and methodology. Part II of II articles illustrates model results for a university campus town and generalizes these results for diverse communities.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Colella, WG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 571
EP 585
PG 15
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500068
ER
PT B
AU Colella, WG
AF Colella, Whitney G.
GP ASME
TI OPTIMAL DESIGN AND CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR NOVEL COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
(CHP) FUEL CELL SYSTEMS: PART II OF II - CASE STUDY RESULTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
ID FCS
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Colella, WG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 587
EP 603
PG 17
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500069
ER
PT B
AU Ruth, MF
Diakov, V
Laffen, MJ
Timbario, TA
AF Ruth, Mark F.
Diakov, Victor
Laffen, Melissa J.
Timbario, Thomas A.
GP ASME
TI PROJECTED COST, ENERGY USE, AND EMISSIONS OF HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES FOR
FUEL CELL VEHICLES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL
SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and
Technology
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brooklyn, NY
SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div
AB Each combination of technologies necessary to produce, deliver, and distribute hydrogen for transportation use has a corresponding levelized cost, energy requirement, and greenhouse gas emission profile depending upon the technologies' efficiencies and costs. Understanding the technical status, potential, and tradeoffs is necessary to properly allocate research and development (R&D) funding.
In this paper, levelized delivered hydrogen costs, pathway energy use, and well-to-wheels (WTW) energy use and emissions are reported for multiple hydrogen production, delivery, and distribution pathways. Technologies analyzed include both central and distributed reforming of natural gas and electrolysis of water, and central hydrogen production from biomass and coal. Delivery options analyzed include trucks carrying liquid hydrogen and pipelines carrying gaseous hydrogen. Projected costs, energy use, and emissions for current technologies (technology that has been developed to at least the bench-scale, extrapolated to commercial-scale) are reported. Results compare favorably with those for gasoline, diesel, and E85 used in current internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, gasoline hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and flexible fuel vehicles.
Sensitivities of pathway cost, pathway energy use, WTW energy use, and WTW emissions to important primary parameters were examined as an aid in understanding the benefits of various options. Sensitivity studies on production process energy efficiency, total production process capital investment, feedstock cost, production facility operating capacity, electricity grid mix, hydrogen vehicle market penetration, distance from the hydrogen production facility to city gate, and other parameters are reported.
The Hydrogen Macro-System Model (MSM) was used for this analysis. The MSM estimates the cost, energy use, and emissions tradeoffs of various hydrogen production, delivery, and distribution pathways under consideration. The MSM links the H2A Production Model, the Hydrogen Delivery Scenario Analysis Model (HDSAM), and the Greenhouse Gas, Regulated Emission, and Energy for Transportation (GREET) Model. The MSM utilizes the capabilities of each component model and ensures the use of consistent parameters between the models to enable analysis of full hydrogen production, delivery, and distribution pathways. To better understand spatial aspects of hydrogen pathways, the MSM is linked to the Hydrogen Demand and Resource Analysis Tool (HyDRA). The MSM is available to the public and enables users to analyze the pathways and complete sensitivity analyses.
C1 [Ruth, Mark F.; Diakov, Victor] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Ruth, MF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4405-2
PY 2010
BP 605
EP 614
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVC14
UT WOS:000291011500070
ER
PT B
AU Suthar, KJ
Ghantasala, MK
Mancini, DC
AF Suthar, Kamlesh J.
Ghantasala, Muralidhar K.
Mancini, Derrick C.
GP ASME
TI THE CHEMO-ELECTRO-MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE PH SENSITIVE HYDROGELS IN
TRANSIENT CONDITION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE
STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2010, VOL. 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Annual Meeting of the ASME/AIAA Smart Materials, Adaptive
Structures, and Intelligent Systems Conference
CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2010
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst
ID KINETICS; GELS
AB Hydrogels are 3-D network polymeric materials that exhibit a phase-transition due to a change in their environment so that the response causes the hydro gel to swell or shrink. The changes in the solvent pH cause the hydrogel to swell or shrink, which is exploited for designing a drug delivery system. The time taken for drug uptake or delivery is an important aspect in these applications. The development of such systems require thorough understanding of the kinetic behavior of hydrogel swelling. We report the results of our research effort to model the time-dependent behavior using the finite element analysis. The hydrogel response is modeled using three partial differential equations in which two are nonlinear and third equation uses nonlinear material constants. Solving all three nonlinear equations using the finite element method for transient condition is a significant challenge. Our model is implemented using the generic finite element software COMSOL and the method can be used with any software having similar capabilities. We discuss the simulation of phase-transitions in transient conditions emphasizing the response to change in the solvent pH. The simulation was carried out on hydrogels with diameters from 200 mu m to 500 mu m while varying the solvent pH from 3 to 6. The results are compared with the published experimental data. A major achievement of this work is that the transient analysis is carried out in 2D, while the most reported literature are confined to one-dimensional analysis.
C1 [Suthar, Kamlesh J.; Mancini, Derrick C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ghantasala, MK (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Mech & Aero Engn, 1903 W Mich Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM suthar@anl.gov; m.ghantasala@wmich.edu; mancini@anl.gov
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4415-1
PY 2010
BP 203
EP 210
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BUZ20
UT WOS:000290774200026
ER
PT B
AU Suthar, KJ
Ghantasala, MK
Mancini, DC
Mowat, JE
Ilavsky, J
AF Suthar, Kamlesh J.
Ghantasala, Muralidhar. K.
Mancini, Derrick C.
Mowat, Joseph E.
Ilavsky, Jan
GP ASME
TI EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION OF FUNCTIONALIZED MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES ON
FERROGEL ACTUATION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE
STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2010, VOL. 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Annual Meeting of the ASME/AIAA Smart Materials, Adaptive
Structures, and Intelligent Systems Conference
CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2010
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst
ID FIELDS
AB The ferrogels elongate, contract, and deflect in response to an applied magnetic field. In order to study its response to magnetic fields, ferrogels were prepared using meghamite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles (size similar to 10-25 nm) using the hydrogel based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm). The particle distribution is determined for different cross-linking density of the gel in the range of 2% to 8%. The ferrogels were analyzed using ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) and the particle distribution were compared with direct imaging of the samples using transmission electron microscopy. The uniformity of the distribution of the particles for different samples prepared was determined using USAXS. Magnetic characteristics of the ferrogel were determined using a direct current superconducting quantum interference device (DC-Squid). The magnetic moments of the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles based ferrogel are reduced from 2.5 - 0.4 emu/g, as the particle concentration is decreased from 8.75 to 1.25%. Subsequently, the deflection and strain also reduced under static magnetic field. These studies showed that a maximum deflection of 20% and strain of 10% to its original value could be achieved by varying the particle size and/or distribution. The crosslinking ratio of the polymer was varied from 1.2 - 8%.
The deflection and elongation characteristics were studied using a custom-built electromagnetic set-up with a pole gap of 10 mm with magnetic field strength up to 2500 Gauss. However, the maximum strain reduces as the crosslinking density increases. This study clearly shows the dependence of the deflection and strain on the functionalization material coated on the particle. Details of the results of our experiments are presented in this paper.
C1 [Suthar, Kamlesh J.; Mancini, Derrick C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Suthar, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM suthar@anl.gov; m.ghantasala@wmich.edu; mancini@anl.gov;
joseph.e.mowat@wmich.edu; ilavsky@anl.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4415-1
PY 2010
BP 231
EP 236
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BUZ20
UT WOS:000290774200029
ER
PT B
AU Tuncer, E
Sauers, I
James, DR
Polizos, G
Ellis, AR
More, KI
Cantoni, C
AF Tuncer, Enis
Sauers, Isidor
James, D. Randy
Polizos, Georgios
Ellis, Alvin R.
More, Karren I.
Cantoni, Claudia
GP ASME
TI STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NANOCOMPOSITES FABRICATED WITH IN-SITU
PARTICLE SYNTHESIS METHOD
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE
STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Annual Meeting of the ASME/AIAA Smart Materials, Adaptive
Structures, and Intelligent Systems (SMASIS)/Symposium on Modeling,
Simulation and Control
CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2010
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst, AIAA
ID POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; PRECIPITATION; NANOPARTICLES; TICL3
AB In this article we discuss fabrication of nanocomposites using an in-situ particle synthesis method. The nanocomposites discussed were prepared with solution based chemistry using a particle precursor mixture, which produces the nanoparticles. The nanocomposites presented were synthesized with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The efforts of Oak Ridge National Laboratory to deliver better electrical insulation materials using nanotechnology are presented.
C1 [Tuncer, Enis] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Appl Superconduct Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Tuncer, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Appl Superconduct Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM tuncere@ornl.gov
RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013;
OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021;
Tuncer, Enis/0000-0002-9324-4324
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4416-8
PY 2010
BP 251
EP 255
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Biomedical;
Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials
Science, Biomaterials
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVA74
UT WOS:000290916200035
ER
PT B
AU Sheng, SW
Gao, RX
AF Sheng, Shuangwen
Gao, Robert X.
GP ASME
TI MULTI-TIME SCALE MODELING STRATEGY FOR BEARING LIFE PROGNOSIS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL CONFERENCE 2009, PTS
A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference (DSCC 2009)/Bath/ASME
Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control
CY OCT 12-14, 2009
CL Hollywood, CA
SP ASME, Dynam Syst & Control Div, ASME, Fluid Power Syst Div
ID DYNAMICS
AB Prediction of a bearing service life is traditionally achieved by empirical or physical models, which have their own strengths and limitations. In an effort to combine the strengths of these modeling approaches, this research investigates the concept of Multi-Time Scale Modeling (MTSM). Specifically, a MTSM strategy for bearing life prognosis is developed by correlating experimentally acquired bearing vibration data with physics based model of microscopic growth of crack size. The strategy is composed of a fast scale empirical model (e.g., root mean square value of vibration), a slow scale physical model (e.g., change of crack length over one loading cycle), and a model coupling mechanism (e.g., bidirectional mapping functions). The fast and slow scale models are obtained by polynomial regression analysis and using the concept of the Paris Law, respectively. The coupling mechanism is established through introduction of dynamic mass into the model. The improvement in bearing service life prediction, obtained by the presented MTSM strategy is experimentally validated.
C1 [Sheng, Shuangwen] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Sheng, SW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Shuangwen.Sheng@nrel.gov; RGao@engr.uconn.edu
OI sheng, shuangwen/0000-0003-0134-0907
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4892-0
PY 2010
BP 645
EP 652
PG 8
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA BPU11
UT WOS:000279952600083
ER
PT B
AU Fine, BT
Stearns, H
Tomizuka, M
AF Fine, Benjamin T.
Stearns, Hoday
Tomizuka, Masayoshi
GP ASME
TI IDENTIFICATION IN ITERATIVE LEARNING CONTROL: A MODEL BASED, ITERATION
VARYING LEARNING FILTER FOR PRECISION CONTROL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL CONFERENCE 2009, PTS
A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference (DSCC 2009)/Bath/ASME
Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control
CY OCT 12-14, 2009
CL Hollywood, CA
SP ASME, Dynam Syst & Control Div, ASME, Fluid Power Syst Div
ID SYSTEMS
AB Linear Iterative Learning Control (ILC) algorithms have been known to also perform well for nonlinear systems whose dominant system dynamics are linear In order for the learning filter to take advantage of more system information, we propose here a model based ILC algorithm which uses an iteration varying learning filter Before the next iteration's feedforward control is computed, the linearized system model is first estimated using a least squares approximation. We implement this algorithm on a wafer stage prototype whose dominant system dynamics are linear with a weak nonlinear actuator disturbance. Because the nonlinear disturbance is state dependent, the linear dynamics will shift as the ILC algorithm is converging. We show that as the system converges to the desired trajectory the plant parameter also converge.
C1 [Fine, Benjamin T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Fine, BT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM bfine@sandia.gov; hodayx@berkeley.edu; tomizuka@me.berkeley.edu
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4892-0
PY 2010
BP 1469
EP 1476
PG 8
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA BPU11
UT WOS:000279952600191
ER
PT B
AU Francois, MM
Carlson, NN
AF Francois, Marianne M.
Carlson, Neil N.
GP ASME
TI THE BALANCED-FORCE VOLUME TRACKING ALGORITHM AND GLOBAL EMBEDDED
INTERFACE FORMULATION FOR DROPLET DYNAMICS WITH MASS TRANSFER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SURFACE-TENSION; FLOW
AB Understanding the complex interaction of droplet dynamics with mass transfer and chemical reactions is of fundamental importance in liquid-liquid extraction. High-fidelity numerical simulation of droplet dynamics with interfacial mass transfer is particularly challenging because the position of the interface between the fluids and the interface physics need to be predicted as part of the solution of the flow equations. In addition, the discontinuity in fluid density, viscosity and species concentration at the interface present additional numerical challenges. In this work, we extend our balanced-force volume-tracking algorithm for modeling surface tension force (Francois et al., 2006) and we propose a global embedded interface formulation to model the interfacial conditions of an interface in thermodynamic equilibrium. To validate our formulation, we perform simulations of pure diffusion problems in one- and two-dimensions. Then we present two and three-dimensional simulations of a single droplet dynamics rising by buoyancy with mass transfer.
C1 [Francois, Marianne M.; Carlson, Neil N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Francois, MM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 81
EP 88
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700010
ER
PT B
AU Crandall, D
Ahmadi, G
Bromhal, G
AF Crandall, Dustin
Ahmadi, Goodarz
Bromhal, Grant
GP ASME
TI HEAT FLUX TO FLUIDS WITHIN A ROCK FRACTURE IN A GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
ID SINGLE FRACTURE; FLOW
AB Fractures in rocks enable the motion of fluids through the large, hot geologic formations of geothermal reservoirs. The heat transfer from the surrounding rock mass to the fluid flowing through a fracture depends on the geometry of the fracture, the fluid/solid properties, and the flow rate through the fracture. A numerical study was conducted to evaluate the changes in heat transfer to the fluid flowing through a rock fracture with changes in the flow rate. The aperture distribution of the rock fracture, originally created within Berea sandstone and imaged using a CT-scanner, is well described by a Gaussian distribution and has a mean aperture of approximately 0.6 mm. Water was used as the working fluid, enabling an evaluation of the efficiency of heat flux to the fluid along the flow path of a hot dry geothermal system. As the flow through the fracture was increased to a Reynolds number greater than 2300 the effect of channeling through large aperture regions within the fracture were observed to become increasingly important. For the fastest flows modeled the heat flux to the working fluids was reduced due to a shorter residence time of the fluid in the fracture. Understanding what conditions can maximize the amount of energy obtained from fractures within a hot dry geologic field can improve the operation and long-term viability of enhanced geothermal systems.
C1 [Crandall, Dustin] URS, Washington Div, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Crandall, D (reprint author), URS, Washington Div, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 899
EP 904
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700102
ER
PT B
AU Rollin, B
Andrews, MJ
AF Rollin, Bertrand
Andrews, Malcolm J.
GP ASME
TI ON THE "EARLY-TIME" EVOLUTION OF VARIABLES RELEVANT TO TURBULENCE MODELS
FOR THE RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
ID SIMULATIONS; FLOW
AB We present our progress toward setting initial conditions in variable density turbulence models. In particular, we concentrate our efforts on the BHR turbulence model [1] for turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Our approach is to predict profiles of relevant variables before fully turbulent regime and use them as initial conditions for the turbulence model. We use an idealized model of mixing between two interpenetrating fluids to define the initial profiles for the turbulence model variables. Velocities and volume fractions used in the idealized mixing model are obtained respectively from a set of ordinary differential equations modeling the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability and from an idealization of the density profile in the mixing layer. A comparison between predicted profiles for the turbulence model variables and profiles of the variables obtained from low Atwood number three dimensional simulations show reasonable agreement.
C1 [Rollin, Bertrand; Andrews, Malcolm J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Rollin, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 1233
EP 1239
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700137
ER
PT B
AU Mesina, GL
AF Mesina, George L.
GP ASME
TI REFORMULATION RELAP5-3D IN FORTRAN 95 AND RESULTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
AB RELAP5-3D is a nuclear power plant code used worldwide for safety analysis, design, and operator training. In keeping with ongoing developments in the computing industry, we have re-architected the code in the FORTRAN 95 language [2], the current, fully-available, ANSI standard FORTRAN language. These changes include a complete reworking of the database and conversion of the source code to take advantage of new constructs. The improvements and impacts to the code are manifold. It is a completely machine-independent code that produces machine independent fluid property and plot files and expands to the exact size needed to accommodate the user's input. Runtime is generally better for larger input models, many prior user-reported problems have been resolved, and the program is better tested. Other impacts of code reformulation are improved code readability, reduced maintenance and development time, increased adaptability to new computing platforms, and increased code longevity. Comparison between the pre- and post-conversion code are made on the basis of programming metrics and code performance.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Mesina, GL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM George.Mesina@inl.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 1959
EP 1968
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700223
ER
PT B
AU Schultz, RR
Kadakia, HJ
Liou, JCP
Williams, BG
AF Schultz, Richard R.
Kadakia, Hirai J.
Liou, Jim C. P.
Williams, Brian G.
GP ASME
TI SATURATED-SUBCOOLED STRATIFIED FLOW IN HORIZONTAL PIPES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
AB Advanced light water reactor systems are designed to use passive emergency core cooling systems with horizontal pipes that provide highly subcooled water from water storage tanks or passive heat exchangers to the reactor vessel core under accident conditions. Because passive systems are driven by density gradients, the horizontal pipes often do not flow full and thus have a free surface that is exposed to saturated steam and stratified flow is present.
The subcooled water flows into the reactor vessel via the downcomer-which is an annular region separated from the core by a cylindrical, steel, inner liner. Under accident conditions, where the horizontal pipes are only partially full, both saturated water and saturated steam from the downcomer are likely to be present in the pipe. The saturated water is quasi-static and the fraction of the free surface that is saturated water is dictated by the physics of the flow. The saturated steam is usually flowing in the countercurrent direction to the subcooled water. Consequently the flow may be a three-layered system with saturated steam over a static saturated liquid layer over a flowing subcooled layer.
The conditions leading to a saturated liquid layer that separates the saturated steam from flowing subcooled water are explored. The variables that influence the formation of the saturated liquid layer and enable the saturated layer to be maintained for a spectrum of conditions, including steam flow in the countercurrent direction to the subcooled water, are derived, and compared to experimental data. Conclusions regarding this type of flow are given. Finally, typical steam flow velocities that may induce wave-bridging, leading to condensation-induced-water hammer, are identified.
C1 [Schultz, Richard R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Schultz, RR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 1981
EP 1993
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700225
ER
PT B
AU Johnson, RW
McIlroy, HM
AF Johnson, Richard W.
McIlroy, Hugh M.
GP ASME
TI CFD SIMULATION OF PROPOSED VALIDATION DATA FOR A FLOW PROBLEM
RECONFIGURED TO ELIMINATE AN UNDESIRABLE FLOW INSTABILITY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010 - VOL 1, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
AB The U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) is supporting the development of a next generation nuclear plant (NGNP), which will be based on a very high temperature reactor (VHTR) design. The VHTR is a single-phase helium-cooled reactor wherein the helium will be heated initially to 750 degrees C and later to temperatures approaching 1000 degrees C. The high temperatures are desired to increase reactor efficiency and to provide a heat source for the manufacture of hydrogen and other applications. While computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has not been used in the past to design or license nuclear reactors in the U. S., it is expected that CFD will be used in the design and safety analysis of forthcoming designs. This is partly because of the maturity of CFD and partly because detailed information is desired of the flow and heat transfer inside the reactor to avoid hot spots and other conditions that might compromise reactor safety. Numerical computations of turbulent flow should be validated against experimental data for flow conditions that contain some or all of the physics expected in the thermal fluid machinery of interest. To this end, a scaled model of a narrow slice of the lower plenum of the prismatic VHTR was constructed and installed in the Idaho National Laboratory's (INL) matched index of refraction (MIR) test facility and data were taken. The data were then studied and compared to CFD calculations to help determine their suitability for validation data. One of the main findings was that the inlet data, which were measured and controlled by calibrated mass flow rotameters and were also measured using detailed stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) showed considerable discrepancies in mass flow rate between the two methods. The other finding was that a randomly unstable recirculation zone occurs in the flow. This instability has a very significant effect on the flow field in the vicinity of the inlet jets. Because its time scale is long and because it is apparently a random instability, it was deemed undesirable for a validation data set. It was predicted using CFD that by eliminating the first of the four jets, the recirculation zone could be stabilized. The present paper reports detailed results for the three-jet case with comparisons to the four-jet data inasmuch as three-jet data are still unavailable. Hence, the present simulations are true or blind predictions.
C1 [Johnson, Richard W.; McIlroy, Hugh M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Johnson, RW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
EM Rich.Johnson@inl.gov; Hugh.McIlroy@inl.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4948-4
PY 2010
BP 2259
EP 2264
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM42
UT WOS:000307365700255
ER
PT B
AU Wendel, M
Abdou, A
Paguit, V
Felde, D
Rimer, B
AF Wendel, Mark
Abdou, Ashraf
Paguit, Vincent
Felde, David
Rimer, Bernard
GP ASME
TI Creating Small Gas Bubbles in Flowing Mercury Using Turbulence at an
Orifice
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
ID BREAKUP; TARGET
AB Pressure waves created in liquid mercury pulsed spallation targets have been shown to create cavitation damage to the target container. One way to mitigate such damage would be to absorb the pressure pulse energy into a dispersed population of small bubbles, however, creating such a population in mercury is difficult due to the high surface tension and particularly the non-wetting behavior of mercury on gas-injection hardware. If the larger injected gas bubbles can be broken down into small bubbles after they are introduced to the flow, then the material interface problem is avoided.
Research at the Oak Ridge National Labarotory is underway to develop a technique that has shown potential to provide an adequate population of small-enough bubbles to a flowing spallation target. This technique involves gas injection at an orifice of a geometry that is optimized to the turbulence intensity and pressure distribution of the flow, while avoiding coalescence of gas at injection sites.
The most successful geometry thus far can be described as a square-toothed orifice having a 2.5 bar pressure drop in the mercury flow of 8 L/s for one of the target inlet legs. Highspeed video and high-resolution photography have been used to quantify the bubble population on the surface of the mercury downstream of the gas injection site.
Also, computational fluid dynamics has been used to optimize the dimensions of the toothed orifice based on a RANS computed mean flow including turbulent energies such that 1 the turbulent dissipation and pressure field are best suited for turbulent break-up of the gas bubbles.
C1 [Wendel, Mark; Abdou, Ashraf; Paguit, Vincent; Felde, David; Rimer, Bernard] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wendel, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM wendelmw@ornl.gov; ibrahimaa@ornl.gov; paquitvc@ornl.gov;
feldedk@ornl.gov; riemerbw@ornl.gov
RI Paquit, Vincent/K-9541-2013;
OI Paquit, Vincent/0000-0003-0331-2598; Riemer, Bernard/0000-0002-6922-3056
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4949-1
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 6
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM43
UT WOS:000307365800001
ER
PT B
AU Bamberger, JA
Meyer, PA
AF Bamberger, Judith Ann
Meyer, Perry A.
GP ASME
TI CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION DURING PULSE JET MIXING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER CONFERENCE -
2010, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting
CY AUG 01-05, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
AB Obtaining real-time, in situ slurry concentration measurements during unsteady mixing can provide increased understanding into mixer performance. During recent tests an ultrasonic attenuation sensor was inserted into a mixing vessel to measure the slurry concentration during unsteady mixing in real time during pulse jet mixer operation. These pulse jet mixing tests to suspend noncohesive solids in Newtonian liquid were conducted at three geometric scales. To understand the solids suspension process and resulting solids distribution, the concentration of solids in the cloud was measured at various elevations and radial positions during the pulse jet mixer cycle. In the largest scale vessel, concentration profiles were measured at three radial locations: r = 0, 0.5 and 0.9 R where R is the vessel radius. These radial concentration data are being analyzed to provide a model for predicting concentration as a function of elevation.
This paper describes pulse jet mixer operation, provides a description of the concentration probe, and presents transient concentration data obtained at three radial positions: in the vessel center (O R), midway between the center and the wall (0.5 R) and near the vessel wall (0.9 R) through out the pulse to provide insight into pulse jet mixer performance.
C1 [Bamberger, Judith Ann; Meyer, Perry A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bamberger, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM judith.bamberger@pnl.gov; perry.meyer@pnl.gov
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4949-1
PY 2010
BP 245
EP 256
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BBM43
UT WOS:000307365800033
ER
PT B
AU Gupta, SB
Bihari, B
Biruduganti, M
Sekar, R
AF Gupta, Sreenath B.
Bihari, Bipin
Biruduganti, Munidhar
Sekar, Raj
GP ASME
TI IN-CYLINDER EQUIVALENCE RATIO MEASURIEMENTS IN A EGR EQUIPPED ENGINE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; LASER-INDUCED SPARK; TO-AIR RATIO;
SPECTROMETRY
AB A single-cylinder natural gas fueled engine equipped with a Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system was ignited using a laser. The broadband emission from the spark kernel was spectrally resolved and the peaks corresponding to Ha, N and O atoms were measured for a range of conditions with global equivalence ratios ranging between 0.6 and 1.0, and for Exhaust Gas Recirculation fractions up to 29%. The (H alpha/O) and (H alpha/N) peak intensity ratios from the spectral scans correlated extremely well (R(2) > 0.97) with local oxygen based equivalence ratios. Appropriate relations were developed to relate such values to global equivalence ratios and the EGR rate. For homogenous intake charge, the present LIBS diagnostic enables estimation of one of the two values, global equivalence ratio or EGR rate, with the knowledge of the other.
C1 [Gupta, Sreenath B.; Bihari, Bipin; Biruduganti, Munidhar; Sekar, Raj] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gupta, SB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 49
EP 54
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600007
ER
PT B
AU Bihari, B
Gupta, SB
Biruduganti, MS
Sekar, RR
AF Bihari, Bipin
Gupta, Sreenath. B.
Biruduganti, Munidhar S.
Sekar, Raj R.
GP ASME
TI IN-CYLINDER OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS IN A LASER IGNITED NATURAL GAS FIRED
RECIPROCATING ENGINE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
AB In-cylinder combustion gas temperature and rate of heat release are important combustion metrics in internal combustion engines. Such metrics play an important role in the development of strategies for reduced emissions and improved engine performance. The traditional practice has been to measure in-cylinder pressures and deduce the metrics using simple thermodynamic treatments. However, with the availability of improved optics, especially in the field of fiber-optics, optical access to in-cylinder combustion becomes possible. Two diagnostics that measure spectral emission from CO(2)* and OH* species within the combustion environment of a natural gas fueled IC engine were evaluated. The combustion temperatures were varied by operating the engine over an EQR of 0.6 - 1.0 and different levels of exhaust gas recirculation. CO(2)* emission does not lend itself to prediction of crank-angle resolved combustion metrics. However its peak values in a combustion cycle correlated well with both rate of heat release as well as peak combustion temperature during the cycle. In contrast temperatures derived from curve fitting to OH* emission spectra enabled measurement of crank angle resolved in-cylinder temperatures.
C1 [Bihari, Bipin; Gupta, Sreenath. B.; Biruduganti, Munidhar S.; Sekar, Raj R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bihari, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 75
EP 81
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600010
ER
PT B
AU Wallner, T
AF Wallner, Thomas
GP ASME
TI CORRELATION BETWEEN SPECIATED HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS AND FLAME IONIZATION
DETECTOR RESPONSE FOR GASOLINE/ALCOHOL BLENDS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
AB The U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard has made it a requirement to increase the production of ethanol and advanced biofuels to 36 billion gallons by 2022. Ethanol will be capped at 15 billion gallons, which leaves 21 billion gallons to come from other sources, such as butanol. Butanol has a higher energy density and lower affinity for water than ethanol. Moreover, alcohol fueled engines in general have been shown to positively affect engine-out emissions of oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide compared to their gasoline fueled counterparts. In light of these developments the variety and blend levels of oxygenated constituents is likely to increase in the foreseeable future.
The effect on engine-out emissions for total hydrocarbons (THC) is less clear due to the relative insensitivity of the flame ionization detector (FID) toward alcohols and aldehydes. It is well documented that hydrocarbon (HC) measurement using a conventional FID in presence of oxygenates in the engine exhaust stream can lead to a misinterpretation of HC emissions trends for alcohol fuel blends. Characterization of the exhaust stream for all expected hydrocarbon constituents is required to accurately determine the actual concentration of unburned fuel components in the exhaust. In addition to a conventional exhaust emissions bench, this characterization requires supplementary instrumentation capable of hydrocarbon speciation and response factor independent quantification. Although required for certification testing, this sort of instrumentation is not yet widely available in engine development facilities. Therefore an attempt is made to empirically determine an oxygenate fuel, FID correction factor. Exhaust emissions of an engine fueled with several blends of gasoline and ethanol, n-Butanol and iso-Butanol were characterized using both a conventional FID and an FTIR. Based on these results, a response factor predicting the actual hydrocarbon emissions, based solely on FID results as a function of alcohol type and content, is presented. Finally the correlation derived from data presented in this study is compared to equations and results found in the literature.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wallner, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 119
EP 128
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600015
ER
PT B
AU Bunce, M
Snyder, D
Adi, G
Hall, C
Shaver, G
AF Bunce, Mike
Snyder, David
Adi, Gayatri
Hall, Carrie
Shaver, Gregory
GP ASME
TI OPTIMIZATION OF THE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS OF SOY BIODIESEL BLENDS IN
A MODERN DIESEL ENGINE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID INJECTION SYSTEM
AB As the world is faced with continued petroleum demand, the need for alternative fuels which are renewable and domestically available is becoming apparent. Biodiesel is one such attractive alternative fuel which has physical and chemical properties similar to, and miscible with conventional diesel. While biodiesel does have many advantages, due to fuel property differences including oxygenation and a lower calorific value than diesel fuel, biodiesel combustion often results in higher fuel consumption and higher nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions than diesel combustion. Stock diesel engine design and decision making target optimal performance with conventional diesel fuel, leading to suboptimal results for biodiesel. This study aimed to determine the appropriate engine decision making for the air/fuel ratio (AFR), exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) fraction, injection (rail) pressure, and start of main fuel injection (SOI) in a modern common rail diesel engine using variable geometry turbo-charging and operating with varying blend ratios of diesel and soy-based biodiesel fuel mixtures to minimize brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and adhere to strict combustion noise, NO(x) and particulate matter (PM) emission constraints. When operating with the stock engine decision making, biodiesel blend combustion resulted in increases in NO(x) of up to 39% and fuel consumption increases up to 20% higher than the nominal diesel levels but also had substantial reductions in PM. Through modulation of the AFR, EGR fracton, rail pressure, and SOI at several operating points, it was demonstrated that the optimal engine decision-making for biodiesel shifted to lower AFRs and higher EGR fractions in order to reduce NO, and shifted to more advanced timings in order to mitigate the observed increases in fuel consumption at the nominal settings. The optimal parameter combinations for B5 (5% biodiesel and 95% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) and B100 (100% biodiesel) still maintained substantial PM reductions but resulted in NO and noise levels below nominal diesel levels. However, these parameter combinations had little impact on reducing the biodiesel fuel consumption penalty but did improve the thermal efficiency of biodiesel blend combustion.
C1 [Bunce, Mike] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bunce, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 138
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600016
ER
PT B
AU Scarcelli, R
Wallner, T
Obermair, H
Salazar, VM
Kaiser, SA
AF Scarcelli, Riccardo
Wallner, Thomas
Obermair, Hermann
Salazar, Victor M.
Kaiser, Sebastian A.
GP ASME
TI CFD AND OPTICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF FLUID DYNAMICS AND MIXTURE FORMATION
IN A DI-H(2)ICE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE;
DIRECT-INJECTION; VELOCIMETRY; FLOW; PIV
AB This paper reports the validation of a three-dimensional numerical simulation of the in-cylinder processes during gas-exchange, injection, and compression in a direct-injection, hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine. Computational results from the commercial code Fluent are compared to experimental data acquired by laser-based measurements in a corresponding optically accessible engine. The simulation includes the intake-port geometry as well as the injection event with its supersonic hydrogen jet. The cylinder geometry is typical of passenger-car sized spark-ignited engines. Gaseous hydrogen is injected from a high-pressure injector with a single-hole nozzle. Numerically and experimentally determined flow fields in the vertical, central symmetry plane are compared for a series of crank angles during the compression stroke, with and without fuel injection. With hydrogen injection, the fuel mole-fraction in the same data plane is included in the comparison as well.
C1 [Scarcelli, Riccardo; Wallner, Thomas; Obermair, Hermann] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Scarcelli, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Winkler, Niklas/G-2057-2011
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 175
EP 188
PG 14
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600020
ER
PT B
AU He, X
Ireland, JC
Zigler, BT
Ratcliff, MA
Knoll, KE
Alleman, TL
Luecke, JH
Tester, JT
AF He, Xin
Ireland, John C.
Zigler, Bradley T.
Ratcliff, Matthew A.
Knoll, Keith E.
Alleman, Teresa L.
Luecke, Jon H.
Tester, John T.
GP ASME
TI THE IMPACTS OF MID-LEVEL ALCOHOL CONTENT IN GASOLINE ON SIDI ENGINE-OUT
AND TAILPIPE EMISSIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
AB The influences of ethanol and iso-butanol on gasoline engine performance, engine-out and tailpipe emissions were studied using a General Motors (GM) 2.0L turbocharged gasoline spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine. U.S. federal certification gasoline (E0), two ethanol-blended fuels (E10 and E20), and 11.7% iso-butanol blended fuels were tested. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to measure non-regulated species including methane, ethylene, acetylene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, isobutylene, 1,3-butadiene, n-pentane, and iso-octane. A Fast Mobility Particle Sizer (FMPS) spectrometer was used to measure the particle number (PN) size distribution in the range from 5.6 to 560 nm. The regulated emissions total hydrocarbon (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NO) were also measured. Both engine-out and tailpipe emissions results are presented as functions of alcohol content.
In general, the alcohols tested reduced total PN emissions, with iso-butanol demonstrating the greatest reduction. Increasing ethanol content and iso-butanol increased formaldehyde emissions, with iso-butanol exhibiting the highest increase. Isobutanol increased iso-butylene emission; however, it reduced emissions of 1,3-butadiene. Within the context of this study, the alcohols did not significantly change the other regulated emissions.
C1 [He, Xin; Ireland, John C.; Zigler, Bradley T.; Ratcliff, Matthew A.; Knoll, Keith E.; Alleman, Teresa L.; Luecke, Jon H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP He, X (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 189
EP 201
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600021
ER
PT B
AU Kastengren, A
Powell, CF
Liu, ZP
Moon, S
Gao, J
Zhang, XS
Wang, J
AF Kastengren, Alan
Powell, Christopher F.
Liu, Zunping
Moon, Seoksu
Gao, Jian
Zhang, Xusheng
Wang, Jin
GP ASME
TI End-of-Injection Behavior of Diesel Sprays Measured with X-Ray
Radiography
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID DENSITY
AB The behavior of diesel fuel sprays at the end of injection is poorly understood, yet has important implications regarding diesel engine emissions. Recent research has shown that at the end of injection, an entrainment wave is created, causing the fuel spray to rapidly entrain ambient gas. This rapid entrainment creates a dilute mixture of fuel that may be a source of unburned fuel emissions. In this study, x-ray radiography is used to examine the end-of-injection behavior of diesel sprays. X-ray radiography permits quantitative mass distribution measurements in dense sprays, providing data that cannot be obtained with optical techniques. Analysis of the spray velocity at steady-state suggests an entrainment wave speed of several hundred m/s, which is supported by the appearance of a travelling entrainment wave at low ambient density. The spray density declines most rapidly near the nozzle, behavior that matches the expected entrainment wave behavior. In several cases, the spray distribution in a cross-section across the nozzle axis becomes smoother at the end of injection. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the spray density at the end of injection show that the spray plume widens considerably, enhancing the dilution caused by the reduction in spray mass in the flowfield. Measurements of injector needle motion with x-ray phase contrast imaging show that throttling across the needle seat may cause a smearing of the ideally sharp entrainment wave.
C1 [Kastengren, Alan; Powell, Christopher F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kastengren, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 279
EP 287
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600029
ER
PT B
AU Ciatti, S
Subramanian, SN
AF Ciatti, Stephen
Subramanian, Swami Nathan
GP ASME
TI AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LOW OCTANE GASOLINE IN DIESEL ENGINES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
AB Conventional combustion techniques struggle to meet the current emissions norms. In particular, oxides of nitrogen (NO(x)) and particulate matter (PM) emissions have limited the utilization of diesel fuel in compression ignition engines. Advance combustion concepts have proved the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance. Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) offers reduced NO(x) and PM emissions with comparable modern diesel engine efficiencies. The ability of premixed, low-temperature compression ignition to deliver low PM and NO(x) emissions is dependent on achieving optimal combustion phasing. Diesel operated LTC is limited by early knocking combustion whereas conventional gasoline operated LTC is limited by misfiring. So the concept of using an unconventional fuel with the properties in between those two boundary fuels has been experimented in this paper. Low octane (84 RON) gasoline has shown comparable diesel efficiencies with lowest NOx emissions at reasonable high power densities (NOx emission were 1 g/kW-hr at 12 bar BMEP and 2750 rpm).
C1 [Ciatti, Stephen; Subramanian, Swami Nathan] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ciatti, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 329
EP 339
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600033
ER
PT B
AU Devarakonda, M
Tonkyn, R
Tran, D
Lee, J
Herling, D
AF Devarakonda, Maruthi
Tonkyn, Russell
Tran, Diana
Lee, Jong
Herling, Darrell
GP ASME
TI MODELING SPECIES INHIBITION OF NO OXIDATION IN UREA-SCR CATALYSTS FOR
DIESEL ENGINE NOx CONTROL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID FE-ZSM5
AB Urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts are regarded as the leading NOx aftertreatment technology to meet the 2010 NOx emission standards for on-highway vehicles running on heavy-duty diesel engines. However, issues such as low NOx conversion at low temperature conditions still exist due to various factors, including incomplete urea thermolysis, inhibition of SCR reactions by hydrocarbons and H2O. We have observed a noticeable reduction in the standard SCR reaction efficiency at low temperature with increasing water content. We observed a similar effect when hydrocarbons are present in the stream. This effect is absent under fast SCR conditions where NO similar to NO2 in the feed gas. As a first step in understanding the effects of such inhibition on SCR reaction steps, kinetic models that predict the inhibition behavior of H2O and hydrocarbons on NO oxidation are presented in the paper. A one-dimensional SCR model was developed based on conservation of species equations and was coded as a C-language S-function and implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. NO oxidation and NO2 dissociation kinetics were defined as a function of the respective adsorbate's storage in the SCR catalyst. The corresponding kinetic models were then validated on temperature ramp tests that showed good match with the test data.
C1 [Devarakonda, Maruthi; Tonkyn, Russell; Tran, Diana; Lee, Jong; Herling, Darrell] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Devarakonda, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM maruthi.devarakonda@pnl.gov
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 491
EP 498
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600048
ER
PT B
AU Edwards, KD
Wagner, RM
AF Edwards, K. Dean
Wagner, Robert M.
GP ASME
TI INVESTIGATING POTENTIAL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT FOR LIGHT-DUTY
TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS THROUGH SIMULATION OF AN ORGANIC RANKINE
CYCLE FOR WASTE-HEAT RECOVERY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL
TECHNICAL CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine
Division
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
HO SW Res Inst
ID ENGINE; ENERGY
AB Modern diesel engines used in light-duty transportation applications have peak brake thermal efficiencies in the range of 40-42% for high-load operation with substantially lower efficiencies at realistic road-load conditions. Thermodynamic energy and exergy analysis reveals that the largest losses from these engines are due to heat loss and combustion irreversibility. Substantial improvement in overall engine efficiency requires reducing or recovering these losses. Unfortunately, much of the heat transfer either occurs at relatively low temperatures resulting in large entropy generation (such as in the air-charge cooler), is transferred to low-exergy flow streams (such as the oil and engine coolant), or is radiated or convected directly to the environment. While there are significant opportunities for recovery from the exhaust and EGR cooler for heavy-duty applications, the potential benefits of such a strategy for light-duty diesel applications are unknown due to transient operation, the low thermal quality of exhaust gases at typical driving conditions, and the added mass of the system. Waste-heat recovery efforts will directly compete with NOx aftertreatment systems for the limited thermal energy in the exhaust during low-load operation. We have developed an organic Rankine cycle model using GT-Suite (R) to investigate the potential for efficiency improvement through waste-heat recovery from the exhaust and EGR cooler of a light-duty diesel engine. Results from steady-state and drive-cycle simulations are presented, and we discuss the operational difficulties associated with transient drive cycles and competition between waste-heat recovery systems, turbochargers, aftertreatment devices, and other systems for the limited thermal resources at typical driving conditions.
C1 [Edwards, K. Dean; Wagner, Robert M.] Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN USA.
RP Edwards, KD (reprint author), Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN USA.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4944-6
PY 2010
BP 811
EP 822
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUW37
UT WOS:000290505600078
ER
PT B
AU Brown, AL
Wagner, GJ
AF Brown, Alexander L.
Wagner, Gregory J.
GP ASME
TI FLUID SPREAD MODEL VALIDATION FOR EMERGING LIQUID TANK IMPACT PREDICTIVE
METHODS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 1: BIO HEAT TRANSFER, BOILING HEAT TRANSFER, COMPUTATIONAL HEAT
TRANSFER
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
AB Transportation accidents frequently involve liquids dispersing in the atmosphere. Art example is that of aircraft impacts, which often result in spreading fuel and a subsequent fire. Predicting the resulting environment is of interest for design, safety, and forensic applications. This environment is challenging for many reasons, one among them being the disparate time and length scales that are necessary to resolve for an accurate physical representation of the problem. A recent computational method appropriate for this class of problems has been described for modeling the impact and subsequent liquid spread. Because the environment is difficult to instrument and costly to test, the existing validation data are of limited scope and quality. A comparatively well instrumented test involving a rocket propelled cylindrical tank of water was performed, the results of which are helpful to understand the adequacy of the modeling methods. Existing data include estimates of drop sizes at several locations, final liquid surface deposition mass integrated over surface area regions, and video evidence of liquid cloud spread distances. Comparisons are drawn between the experimental observations and the predicted results of the modeling methods to provide evidence regarding the accuracy of the methods.
C1 [Brown, Alexander L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA.
RP Brown, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA.
EM albrown@sandia.gov; gjwagne@sandia.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4936-1
PY 2010
BP 925
EP 934
PG 10
WC Biophysics; Thermodynamics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Biophysics; Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BBK55
UT WOS:000307201600106
ER
PT B
AU Mukherjee, PP
Ranjan, D
Mukundan, R
Borup, RL
AF Mukherjee, Partha P.
Ranjan, Devesh
Mukundan, Rangachary
Borup, Rodney L.
GP ASME
TI HEAT AND WATER TRANSPORT IN A POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL ELECTRODE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 5: FUEL CELLS, GAS TURBINES, HEAT PIPES, JET IMPINGEMENT, RADIATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
AB In the present scenario of a global initiative toward a sustainable energy future, the polymer electrolyte fuel. cell (PEFC) has emerged as one of the most promising alternative energy conversion devices for various applications. Despite tremendous progress in recent years, a pivotal performance limitation in the PEFC comes from liquid water transport and the resulting flooding phenomena. Liquid water blocks the open pore space in the electrode and the fibrous diffusion layer leading to hindered oxygen transport. The electrode is also the only component in the entire PEFC sandwich which produces waste heat from the electrochemical reaction. The cathode electrode, being the host to several competing transport mechanisms, plays a crucial role in the overall PEFC performance limitation. In this work, an electrode model is presented in order to elucidate the coupled heat and water transport mechanisms. Two scenarios are specifically considered: (1) conventional, Nafion impregnated, three-phase electrode with the hydrated polymeric membrane phase as the conveyer of protons where local electro-neutrality prevails; and (2) ultra-thin, two-phase, nano-structured electrode without the presence of ionomeric phase where charge accumulation due to electro-statics in the vicinity of the membrane-CL interface becomes important. The electrode model includes a physical description of heat and water balance along with electrochemical performance analysis in order to study the influence of electro-statics/electro-migration and phase change on the PEFC electrode performance.
C1 [Mukherjee, Partha P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
OI Ranjan, Devesh/0000-0002-1231-9313
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4940-8
PY 2010
BP 53
EP 59
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BBK61
UT WOS:000307208800007
ER
PT B
AU Rodriguez, SB
El-Genk, MS
AF Rodriguez, Sal B.
El-Genk, Mohamed S.
GP ASME
TI COOLING OF AN ISOTHERMAL PLATE USING A TRIANGULAR ARRAY OF SWIRLING AIR
JETS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 5: FUEL CELLS, GAS TURBINES, HEAT PIPES, JET IMPINGEMENT, RADIATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; HEAT-TRANSFER; VORTEX BREAKDOWN; FLOW;
RECIRCULATION
AB Cooling with swirling jets is an effective means for enhancing heat transfer and improving spatial uniformity of the cooling rate in many applications. This paper investigates cooling a flat, isothermal plate at 1,000 K using a single and a triangular array of swirling air jets, and characterizes the resulting flow field and the air temperature above the plate. This problem was modeled using the Fuego computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code that is being developed at Sandia National Laboratories. The separation distance to jet diameter, LID, varied from 3 to 12, Reynolds number, Re, varied from 5x10(3)-5x10(4), and the swirl number, S varied from 0 to 2.49. The formation of the central recirculation zone (CRZ) and its impact on heat transfer were also investigated. For a hubless swirling jet, a CRZ was generated whenever S >= 0.67, in agreement with experimental data and our mathematical derivation for swirl (hclicoid) azimuthal and axial velocities. On the other hand, for S <= 0.058, the velocity field closely approximated that of a conventional jet. With the azimuthal velocity of a swirling jet decaying as 1/z(2), most mixing occurred only a few jet diameters from the jet nozzle. Highest cooling occurred when L/D = 3 and S = 0.12 to 0.79. Heat transfer enhancement increased as S or Re increased, or LID decreased.
C1 [Rodriguez, Sal B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Rodriguez, SB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4940-8
PY 2010
BP 501
EP 510
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BBK61
UT WOS:000307208800061
ER
PT B
AU Hopkins, PE
Phinney, LM
Serrano, JR
Beechem, TE
AF Hopkins, Patrick E.
Phinney, Leslie M.
Serrano, Justin R.
Beechem, Thomas E.
GP ASME
TI EFFECTS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND OXIDE LAYER ON THE THERMAL BOUNDARY
CONDUCTANCE AT ALUMINUM/SILICON INTERFACES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 6: MICROCHANNELS, NANO, NANOFLUIDS, SPRAY COOLING, POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
ID RESISTANCE; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; CRYSTALS; DISORDER; MODEL
AB Thermal boundary resistance dominates the thermal resistance in nanosystems since material length scales are comparable to material mean free paths. The primary scattering mechanism in nanosystems is interface scattering, and the structure and composition around these interfaces can affect scattering rates and, therefore, device thermal resistances. In this work, the thermal boundary conductance (the inverse of the thermal boundary resistance) is measured using a pump-probe thermoreflectance technique on aluminum films grown on silicon substrates that are subjected to various pre-Al-deposition surface treatments. The Si surfaces are characterized with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to determine mean surface roughness. The measured thermal boundary conductance decreases as Si surface roughness increases. In addition, stripping the native oxide layer on the surface of the Si substrate immediately prior to Al film deposition causes the thermal boundary conductance to increase. The measured data are then compared to an extension of the diffuse mismatch model that accounts for interfacial mixing and structure around the interface.
C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.; Phinney, Leslie M.; Serrano, Justin R.; Beechem, Thomas E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4941-5
PY 2010
BP 313
EP 319
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Materials Science
GA BBK59
UT WOS:000307207400037
ER
PT B
AU Hopkins, PE
Kaehr, BJ
Phinney, LM
Koehler, TP
Grillet, AM
Dunphy, D
Garcia, F
Brinker, CJ
AF Hopkins, Patrick E.
Kaehr, Bryan J.
Phinney, Leslie M.
Koehler, Timothy P.
Grillet, Anne M.
Dunphy, Darren
Garcia, Fred
Brinker, C. Jeffrey
GP ASME
TI OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF POROUS SiO2 FILMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 6: MICROCHANNELS, NANO, NANOFLUIDS, SPRAY COOLING, POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
ID 3-OMEGA METHOD; SILICON FILMS; THERMOREFLECTANCE
AB Nanocomposites offer unique capabilities of controlling thermal transport through the manipulation of various structural aspects of the material. However, measurements of the thermal properties of these composites are often difficult, especially porous nanomaterials. Optical measurements of these properties, although ideal due to the noncontact nature, are challenging due to the large surface variability of nanoporous structures. Recently, a novel pump-probe geometry was used in Time Domain Thermoreflectance (TDTR) to determine the thermal conductivity of liquids. In this work, we develop a thermal algorithm to solve for the temperature change and heat transfer in this TDTR geometry in which a thin film which is subjected to a modulated heat source is sandwiched between two thermally conductive pathways. We validate our thermal algorithm with TDTR measurements of the thermal conductivity and on a series of porous SiO2-based nanostructured films.
C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.; Kaehr, Bryan J.; Phinney, Leslie M.; Koehler, Timothy P.; Grillet, Anne M.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM pehopki@sandia.gov
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4941-5
PY 2010
BP 361
EP 369
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Materials Science
GA BBK59
UT WOS:000307207400043
ER
PT B
AU Narumanchi, S
Kim, K
AF Narumanchi, Sreekant
Kim, Kwiseon
GP ASME
TI MOLECULAR DYNAMICS MODELING OF HEAT TRANSPORT IN METALS AND
SEMICONDUCTORS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 6: MICROCHANNELS, NANO, NANOFLUIDS, SPRAY COOLING, POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
DE Molecular dynamics; silicon; aluminum; interfaces; thermal conductivity;
thermal conductance
ID THERMAL-BOUNDARY CONDUCTANCE; INTERFACES; CONDUCTIVITY; SIMULATION; SI
AB Interfacial thermal transport is of great importance in a number of practical applications where interfacial resistance between layers is frequently a major bottleneck to effective heat dissipation. For example, efficient heat transfer at silicon/aluminum and silicon/copper interfaces is very critical in power electronics packages used in hybrid electric vehicle applications. It is therefore important to understand the factors that govern and impact thermal transport at semiconductor/metal interfaces. Hence, in this study, we use classical molecular dynamics modeling to understand and study thermal transport in silicon and aluminum, and some preliminary modeling to study thermal transport at the interface between silicon and aluminum. A good match is shown between our modeling results for thermal conductivity in silicon and aluminum and the experimental data. The modeling results from this study also match well with relevant numerical studies in the literature for thermal conductivity. In addition, preliminary modeling results indicate that the interfacial thermal conductance for a perfect silicon/aluminum interface is of the same order as experimental data in the literature as well as diffuse mismatch model results accounting for realistic phonon dispersion curves.
C1 [Narumanchi, Sreekant; Kim, Kwiseon] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Narumanchi, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
EM sreekant.narumanchi@nrel.gov
OI Narumanchi, Sreekant/0000-0001-5337-6069
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4941-5
PY 2010
BP 531
EP 539
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Materials Science
GA BBK59
UT WOS:000307207400064
ER
PT B
AU Oh, CH
Kim, ES
AF Oh, Chang H.
Kim, Eung S.
GP ASME
TI AIR INGRESS ANALYSIS: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC MODELS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 7: NATURAL CONVECTION, NATURAL/MIXED CONVECTION, NUCLEAR, PHASE
CHANGE MATERIALS, SOLAR
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
AB Idaho National Laboratory (INL), under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), is performing research and development that focuses on key phenomena important during potential scenarios that may occur in very high temperature reactors (VHTRs). Phenomena identification and ranking studies to date have ranked an air ingress event, following on the heels of a VHTR depressurization, as important with regard to core safety. Consequently, the development of advanced air-ingress-related models and verification and validation data are a very high priority.
Following a loss of coolant and system depressurization incident, air will enter the core of the High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor through the break, possibly causing oxidation of the core and reflector graphite structure. Simple core and plant models indicate that, under certain circumstances, the oxidation may proceed at an elevated rate with additional heat generated from the oxidation reaction itself. Under postulated conditions of fluid flow and temperature, excessive degradation of lower plenum graphite can lead to a loss of structural support. Excessive oxidation of core graphite can also lead to a release of fission products into the confinement, which could be detrimental to reactor safety. Computational fluid dynamics models developed in this study will improve our understanding of this phenomenon.
This paper presents two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamic (CFD) results for the quantitative assessment of the air ingress phenomena. A portion of the results from density-driven stratified flow in the inlet pipe will be compared with the experimental results.
C1 [Oh, Chang H.; Kim, Eung S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Oh, CH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4942-2
PY 2010
BP 337
EP 346
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BBK62
UT WOS:000307209200040
ER
PT B
AU O'Brien, JE
AF O'Brien, James E.
GP ASME
TI LARGE SCALE HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM NUCLEAR ENERGY USING HIGH
TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
ID STEAM ELECTROLYSIS; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; PERFORMANCE; CELLS; ELECTRICITY;
ECONOMY; OXYGEN
AB Hydrogen can be produced from water splitting with relatively high efficiency using high-temperature electrolysis. This technology makes use of solid-oxide cells, running in the electrolysis mode to produce hydrogen from steam, while consuming electricity and high-temperature process heat. When coupled to an advanced high temperature nuclear reactor, the overall thermal-to-hydrogen efficiency for high-temperature electrolysis can be as high as 50%, which is about double the overall efficiency of conventional low-temperature electrolysis. Current large-scale hydrogen production is based almost exclusively on steam reforming of methane, a method that consumes a precious fossil fuel while emitting carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Demand for hydrogen is increasing rapidly for refining of increasingly low-grade petroleum resources, such as the Athabasca oil sands and for ammonia-based fertilizer production. Large quantities of hydrogen are also required for carbon-efficient conversion of biomass to liquid fuels. With supplemental nuclear hydrogen, almost all of the carbon in the biomass can be converted to liquid fuels in a nearly carbon-neutral fashion. Ultimately, hydrogen may be employed as a direct transportation fuel in a "hydrogen economy." The large quantity of hydrogen that would be required for this concept should be produced without consuming fossil fuels or emitting greenhouse gases. An overview of the high-temperature electrolysis technology will be presented, including basic theory, modeling, and experimental activities. Modeling activities include both computational fluid dynamics and large-scale systems analysis. We have also demonstrated high-temperature electrolysis in our laboratory at the 15 kW scale, achieving a hydrogen production rate in excess of 5500 L/hr.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP O'Brien, JE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
NR 74
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4943-9
PY 2010
BP 287
EP 308
PG 22
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BBK60
UT WOS:000307207900029
ER
PT B
AU Pesaran, AA
AF Pesaran, Ahmad A.
GP ASME
TI CURRENT AND FUTURE NEEDS IN ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLE BATTERIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010,
VOL 8
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Heat Transfer Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2010
CL Washington, DC
AB Batteries are considered to be a critical component for making future transportation more energy-efficient and less dependent on petroleum through hybrid, plug-in hybrid, electric, and fuel cell vehicles. In this paper, the current status of batteries for electric drive vehicle applications will be discussed. Special attention will be given to the thermal issues associated with batteries in vehicle environment. We will also discuss future needs of batteries for further development.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Pesaran, AA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM ahmad.pesaran@nrel.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4943-9
PY 2010
BP 549
EP 557
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BBK60
UT WOS:000307207900044
ER
PT B
AU Crawford, SL
Doctor, SR
Cinson, AD
Cumblidge, SE
Anderson, MT
AF Crawford, Susan L.
Doctor, Steven R.
Cinson, Anthony D.
Cumblidge, Stephen E.
Anderson, Michael T.
GP ASME
TI PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF NDE METHODS ON INSPECTION OF HDPE BUTT FUSION
PIPING JOINTS FOR LACK OF FUSION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2009, VOL
5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Studies at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington, are being conducted to evaluate nondestructive examination approaches for inspecting butt fusion joints in high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe for lack of fusion (LOF). The work provides information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission on the effectiveness and need for volumetric inspection techniques of HDPE butt fusion joints in Section III, Division 1, Class 3, buried piping systems in nuclear power plants. This paper describes results from preliminary assessments using ultrasonic nondestructive techniques and high-speed tensile impact testing for determining joint integrity.
A series of butt joints were fabricated in 3408, 12-inch IPS DR-11 material by varying the fusion parameters in attempts to provide good joints and joints containing LOF. These butt joints were visually examined and volumetrically examined with time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) and phased-array (PA) ultrasound. A limited subset of pipe joint material was destructively analyzed by either slicing through the joint and visually examining the surface or by employing a standard high-speed tensile impact test. Initial correlation of the fusion parameters, nondestructive, and destructive evaluations have shown that areas with gross LOF were detected with both TOED and PA ultrasound and that the tensile impact test showed a brittle failure at the joint. There is still some ambiguity in results from the less obvious LOF conditions. Current work is targeted on assessing the sensitivity of the ultrasonic volumetric examinations and validating the results with a destructive analysis. It is expected that on-going and future work will lead to quantifying the ultrasonic responses in terms of joint integrity.
C1 [Crawford, Susan L.; Doctor, Steven R.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Cumblidge, Stephen E.; Anderson, Michael T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Crawford, SL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4368-0
PY 2010
BP 219
EP 224
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQZ37
UT WOS:000282195600026
ER
PT B
AU Leishear, RA
AF Leishear, Robert A.
GP ASME
TI HYDROGEN IGNITION MECHANISM FOR EXPLOSIONS IN NUCLEAR FACILITY PIPE
SYSTEMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
3
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE Hydrogen; explosions; nuclear facility; power plant; safety
AB Hydrogen and oxygen generation due to the radiolysis of water is a recognized hazard in pipe systems used in the nuclear industry, where the accumulation of hydrogen and oxygen at high points in the pipe system is expected, and explosive conditions exist. Pipe ruptures at nuclear facilities were attributed to hydrogen explosions inside pipelines, in nuclear facilities, i.e., Hamaoka, Nuclear Power Station in Japan, and Brunsbuettel in Germany. Prior to these accidents an ignition source for hydrogen was questionable, but these accidents, demonstrated that a mechanism was, in fact, available to initiate combustion and explosion. Hydrogen explosions may occur simultaneously with water hammer accidents in nuclear facilities, and a theoretical mechanism to relate water hammer to hydrogen deflagrations and explosions is presented herein.
C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP Leishear, RA (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
EM Robert.Leishear@SRNL.DOE.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4922-4
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 907
EP 912
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVE97
UT WOS:000291335500112
ER
PT B
AU Leishear, RA
AF Leishear, Robert A.
GP ASME
TI Higher Mode Frequency Effects on Resonance in Machinery, Structures
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
3
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE Resonance; multi degree of freedom; single degree of freedom;
transmissibility; dynamic stress; bending of beams; critical speeds
AB The complexities of resonance in multi-degree of freedom systems (multi-DOF) may be clarified using graphic presentations. Multi-DOF systems represent actual systems, such as beams or springs, where multiple, higher order, natural frequencies occur. Resonance occurs when a cyclic load is applied to a structure, and the frequency of the applied load equals one of the natural frequencies. Both equations and graphic presentations are available in the literature for single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems, which describe the response of spring-mass-damper systems to harmonically applied, or cyclic, loads. Loads may be forces, moments, or forced displacements applied to one end of a structure. Multi-DOF systems are typically described only by equations in the literature, and while equations certainly permit a case by case analysis for specific conditions, graphs provide an overall comprehension not gleaned from single equations. In fact, this collection of graphed equations provides novel results, which describe the interactions between multiple natural frequencies, as well as a comprehensive description of increased vibrations near resonance.
C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP Leishear, RA (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
EM Robert.Leishear@SRNL.DOE.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4922-4
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 945
EP 955
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVE97
UT WOS:000291335500117
ER
PT B
AU Yip, M
Haroldsen, B
AF Yip, Mien
Haroldsen, Brent
BE Stang, D
Keltjens, J
Springer, WT
Cory, JF
Dixon, RD
Simpson, K
Morgan, C
Rodriguez, EA
Minichiello, J
Leishear, R
TI LIFE ASSESSMENT OF FULL-SCALE EDS VESSEL UNDER IMPULSIVE LOADINGS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
5
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The Explosive Destruction System (EDS) was developed by Sandia National Laboratories for the US Army Product Manager for Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel (PMNSCM) to destroy recovered, explosively configured, chemical munitions. PMNSCM currently has five EDS units that have processed over 1,400 items. The system uses linear and conical shaped charges to open munitions and attack the burster followed by chemical treatment of the agent. The main component of the EDS is a stainless steel, cylindrical vessel, which contains the explosion and the subsequent chemical treatment.
Extensive modeling and testing have been used to design and qualify the vessel for different applications and conditions. The high explosive (HE) pressure histories and subsequent vessel response (strain histories) are modeled using the analysis codes CTH and LS-DYNA, respectively. Using the model results, a load rating for the EDS is determined based on design guidance provided in the ASME Code, Sect. VIII, Div. 3, Code Case No. 2564. One of the goals is to assess and understand the vessel's capacity in containing a wide variety of detonation sequences at various load levels. Of particular interest are to know the total number of detonation events at the rated load that can be processed inside each vessel, and a maximum load (such as that arising from an upset condition) that can be contained without causing catastrophic failure of the vessel. This paper will discuss application of Code Case 2564 to the stainless steel EDS vessels, including a fatigue analysis using a J-R curve, vessel response to extreme upset loads, and the effects of strain hardening from successive events.
C1 [Yip, Mien; Haroldsen, Brent] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Yip, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM myip@sandia.gov; blharol@sandia.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4924-8
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 135
EP 143
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG83
UT WOS:000291502300016
ER
PT B
AU Moran, TL
Ramuhalli, P
Pardini, AF
Doctor, SR
Anderson, MT
AF Moran, Traci L.
Ramuhalli, Pradeep
Pardini, Allan F.
Doctor, Steven R.
Anderson, Michael T.
BE Stang, D
Keltjens, J
Springer, WT
Cory, JF
Dixon, RD
Simpson, K
Morgan, C
Rodriguez, EA
Minichiello, J
Leishear, R
TI EVALUATING THE USE OF ULTRASONIC TESTING IN LIEU OF RADIOGRAPHY FOR
INSPECTING WELDS IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
5
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID REACTOR PRESSURE-VESSELS; DEFECTS
AB The nuclear power industry has recently proposed using ultrasonic testing (UT) in lieu of radiographic testing (RT) on new construction welds and on the repairs of operating reactor component welds. Advantages of UT include a reduction in inspection time, costs, and plant personnel exposure to radiation fields. The replacement of one nondestructive testing method with another, however, requires a detailed analysis of the capabilities of the replacement method as compared to the existing method. Capabilities of interest in this context include detection reliability, false call rates, flaw characterization and sizing accuracy, human factors, data recording capabilities, and cost. The interchangeability of UT and RT has been studied by several institutions, but the evidence found to date in a literature search is not conclusive and therefore requires further investigation to assess the ability of UT to meet nuclear power industry fabrication and pre-service inspection standards.
This paper reviews relevant literature on the interchangeability of UT and RT, and identifies potential gaps that may need to be addressed in this area.
C1 [Moran, Traci L.; Ramuhalli, Pradeep; Pardini, Allan F.; Doctor, Steven R.; Anderson, Michael T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Moran, TL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM traci.moran@pnl.gov; pradeep.ramuhalli@pnl.gov; allan.pardini@pnl.gov;
steven.doctor@pnl.gov; micheal.anderson@pnl.gov
OI Ramuhalli, Pradeep/0000-0001-6372-1743
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4924-8
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 153
EP 159
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG83
UT WOS:000291502300019
ER
PT B
AU Taylor, WB
Knobbs, KJ
Carpenter, CE
Malik, SN
AF Taylor, W. Boyd
Knobbs, Katherine J.
Carpenter, C. E. (Gene), Jr.
Malik, Shah N.
BE Stang, D
Keltjens, J
Springer, WT
Cory, JF
Dixon, RD
Simpson, K
Morgan, C
Rodriguez, EA
Minichiello, J
Leishear, R
TI USING TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MATERIALS
DEGRADATION FOR THE US NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
5
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The majority of the U.S. reactor fleet is applying for license renewal to extend the operating life from the current 40 years to 60 years, and there is now active interest in extending the operating life to beyond 60 years. Many plants are also applying for increases in power rating and both of these changes increases the need for an improved understanding of materials degradation. Many materials degrade over time and much is known about the degradation of materials under normal environmental conditions; however, less is known about the characteristics of materials degradation when the environment is subject to higher than normal radiological conditions over extended periods of time. Significant efforts are being made by industrial, academic and regulatory groups worldwide to identify, classify and mitigate potential problems arising from degradation of components in this context.(2)
From a regulatory perspective, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is very interested in being able to identify ways to ensure their licensees proactively manage the identification of materials degradation and the mitigation of its effects. To date, the NRC has consolidated "generic" programs for mitigating aging issues in the two volume Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) Report (NUREG-1801) [1,2] and has encouraged applicants for license renewal to use these programs where applicable in their plant when applying for renewal of their reactor's license. The NRC has also published a comprehensive report entitled Expert Panel Report on Proactive Materials Degradation (NUREG/CR-6923) [3]. This report inventories the types of degradation mechanisms that could exist in each component of a light water reactor (LWR) and indicates how much is known about mitigating the effects within that context.
Since the number of plant designs and materials used varies greatly within the U.S. fleet, there are many variations to implementing aging management programs (AMPs), requiring significant dialogs between the licensee and the NRC. These discussions are part of the licensing basis and as such are documented with up to multi-hundred page responses that are loosely coupled through the NRC Agency-wide Document Access and Management System (ADAMS). ADAMS serves as an electronic records repository for the NRC.(3) These discussions have supported revisions to the GALL, including the revision that is being prepared as this paper is being written. The NRC has sought the help of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to improve their staff's ability to navigate the significant numbers of documents that are generated in this process. PNNL is also to provide a forum for regulators, licensees, and researchers to share knowledge in their efforts to improve the cyclic process for defining, applying, validating, and re-defining AMPs. Work to date in this area is publicly accessible, and this paper will describe that work and outline a potential path forward. The presenter will also demonstrate the capabilities of the PMMD information tools (http://pmmd.pnl.gov).
C1 [Taylor, W. Boyd; Knobbs, Katherine J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Taylor, WB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4924-8
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 199
EP 206
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG83
UT WOS:000291502300024
ER
PT B
AU Diaz, AA
Anderson, MT
Cinson, AD
Crawford, SL
Cumblidge, SE
AF Diaz, Aaron A.
Anderson, Michael T.
Cinson, Anthony D.
Crawford, Susan L.
Cumblidge, Stephen E.
BE Stang, D
Keltjens, J
Springer, WT
Cory, JF
Dixon, RD
Simpson, K
Morgan, C
Rodriguez, EA
Minichiello, J
Leishear, R
TI AN ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY EVALUATION OF INTERGRANULAR STRESS CORROSION
CRACK (IGSCC) DETECTION IN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL PIPING WELDS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
5
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Research is being conducted for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to assess the effectiveness and reliability of advanced nondestructive examination (NDE) methods for the inspection of light water reactor (LWR) components and challenging material/component configurations. This study assessed the effectiveness of far-side inspections on wrought stainless steel piping with austenitic welds, as found in thin-walled, boiling water reactor (BWR) component configurations, for the detection and characterization of intergranular stress corrosion cracks (IGSCC).
C1 [Diaz, Aaron A.; Anderson, Michael T.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Crawford, Susan L.; Cumblidge, Stephen E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Diaz, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4924-8
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 247
EP 253
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG83
UT WOS:000291502300031
ER
PT B
AU Diaz, AA
Cinson, AD
Crawford, SL
Moran, TL
Anderson, MT
AF Diaz, Aaron A.
Cinson, Anthony D.
Crawford, Susan L.
Moran, Traci L.
Anderson, Michael T.
BE Stang, D
Keltjens, J
Springer, WT
Cory, JF
Dixon, RD
Simpson, K
Morgan, C
Rodriguez, EA
Minichiello, J
Leishear, R
TI AN ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY EVALUATION OF CAST AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL
PRESSURIZER SURGE LINE PIPING WELDS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
5
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB A set of circumferentially oriented thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) were implanted into three cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pressurizer (PZR) surge-line specimens (pipe-to-elbow welds) that were fabricated using vintage CASS materials formed in the 1970s, and flaw responses from these cracks were used to evaluate detection and sizing performance of the phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) methods applied. Four different custom-made PA probes were employed in this study, operating nominally at 800 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.5 MHz, and 2.0 MHz center frequencies. The CASS PZR surge-line specimens were polished and chemically etched to bring out the microstructures of both pipe and elbow segments. Additional studies were conducted and documented to address baseline CASS material noise and observe possible ultrasonic beam redirection phenomena.
C1 [Diaz, Aaron A.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Crawford, Susan L.; Moran, Traci L.; Anderson, Michael T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Diaz, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4924-8
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 255
EP 263
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG83
UT WOS:000291502300032
ER
PT B
AU Sham, TL
Eno, DR
AF Sham, T. -L. (Sam)
Eno, Daniel R.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE MASTER CURVE
REFERENCE TEMPERATURE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The Master Curve Reference Temperature, To, characterizes the fracture performance of structural steels in the ductile-to-brittle transition region. For a given material, this reference temperature is estimated via fracture toughness testing. A methodology is presented to compute the standard error of an estimated To value from a finite sample of toughness data, in a unified manner for both single temperature and multiple temperature test methods. Using the asymptotic properties of maximum likelihood estimators, closed-form expressions for the standard error of the estimate of To are presented for both test methods. This methodology includes statistically rigorous treatment of censored data, which represents an advance over the current ASTM E1921 methodology. Through Monte Carlo simulations of realistic single temperature and multiple temperature test plans, the recommended likelihood-based procedure is shown to provide better statistical performance than the methods in the ASTM E1921 standard.
C1 [Sham, T. -L. (Sam)] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Sham, TL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM shamt@ORNL.gov; shamt@ORNL.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 107
EP 117
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200015
ER
PT B
AU Yin, SJ
Dickson, TL
Williams, PT
Bass, BR
AF Yin, Shengjun
Dickson, Terry L.
Williams, Paul T.
Bass, B. Richard
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI VERIFICATION OF NEW CAPABILITIES OF DETERMINISTIC LOAD MODULE OF FAVOR
09.1
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB This paper describes a computational study conducted by the Probabilistic Pressure Boundary Integrity Safety Assessment (PISA) program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in support of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) sponsored verification of the new capabilities of the latest version of Fracture Analysis of Vessels Oak Ridge (FAVOR) 09.1. The v09.1 version of FAVOR represents a significant generalization over previous versions, because the problem class for FAVOR has been extended to encompass a broader range of transients and vessel geometries. FAVOR, v09.1, provides the capability to perform both deterministic and risk-informed fracture analyses of boiling water reactors (BWRs) as well as pressurized water reactors (PWRs) subjected to heat-up and cool-down transients.
In this study, deterministic solutions generated with the FAVOR v09.1 code for a wide range of representative internal/external surface-breaking flaws and embedded flaws subjected to selected thermal-hydraulic transients were benchmarked with the solutions obtained from ABAQUS (version 6.9-1) for the same transients. Based on the benchmarking analyses, it is concluded that the deterministic module implemented into FAVOR, v09.1, satisfies the criteria described in the FAVOR software design documentation.
C1 [Yin, Shengjun; Dickson, Terry L.; Williams, Paul T.; Bass, B. Richard] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Yin, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 138
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200017
ER
PT B
AU Wang, JJA
Ren, F
Wang, H
AF Wang, John Jy-An
Ren, Fei
Wang, Hong
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI CAVITATION DAMAGE STUDY VIA A NOVEL REPETITIVE PRESSURE PULSE APPROACH
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE cavitation damage; pulsed-laser; stainless steel; aluminum
ID EROSION
AB Cavitation damage can significantly affect system performance. Thus, there is great interest in characterizing cavitation damage and improving materials' resistance to cavitation damage. In this paper, we present a novel methodology to simulate cavitation environment. A pulsed laser is utilized to induce optical breakdown in the cavitation media, with the emission of shock wave and the generation of bubbles. The pressure waves induced by the optical breakdown fluctuate/propagate within the media, which enables the cavitation to occur and to further develop cavitation damage at the solid boundary. Using the repetitive pulsed-pressure apparatus developed in the current study, cavitation damage in water media was verified on stainless steel and aluminum samples. Characteristic cavitation damages such as pitting and indentation are observed on sample surfaces using scanning electron microscopy. The synergistic effect of combining cavitation and the laser heating/water cooling induced thermal cycling fatigue to the target surface damage was also demonstrated in the report.
C1 [Wang, John Jy-An; Ren, Fei; Wang, Hong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wang, JJA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM wangja@ornl.gov
RI Ren, Fei/E-7706-2011; Feng, Zhili/H-9382-2012; Wang, Hong/O-1987-2016;
OI Feng, Zhili/0000-0001-6573-7933; Wang, Hong/0000-0002-0173-0545; Wang,
Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 217
EP 222
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200027
ER
PT B
AU Zhang, W
Feng, ZL
Wang, JA
AF Zhang, Wei
Feng, Zhili
Wang, Jy-An
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI MEASUREMENT OF FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF MATERIALS WITH NON-UNIFORM
MICROSTRUCTURE BASED ON SPIRAL NOTCH TORSION TEST
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Materials such as welds consist of highly non-uniform distribution of microstructure. It is typically difficult to measure fracture toughness of those materials using the conventional testing approaches such as ASTM compact tension test, since the non-uniform microstructure can induce irregular crack propagation front. In this study, the spiral notch torsion test (SNTT) is enhanced to measure the fracture toughness of welds. The test specimen resembles a round tensile bar with a spiral-shaped notch on the circumference. To introduce non-uniform microstructure, the heat treatment with a Gleeble system is used to rapidly heat and quench the specimen. The heating and cooling rates applied are typical of those experienced in welding. The hardness distribution in the axial direction of as-heat-treated specimen has a bell shape centered in the middle of the specimen. This distribution resembles that in a transverse section of a weldment. During loading, the specimen is twisted about its axis. It is possible to achieve a Mode I crack front that is long enough to meet the plain strain state and other fracture mechanics requirements for testing the local toughness of weld region. Fracture toughness calculation based on finite element analysis is performed to convert the recorded load-displacement into the fracture toughness K(Ic).
C1 [Zhang, Wei; Feng, Zhili; Wang, Jy-An] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Feng, Zhili/H-9382-2012; Zhang, Wei/B-9471-2013;
OI Feng, Zhili/0000-0001-6573-7933; Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 223
EP 228
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200028
ER
PT B
AU Lam, PS
Stripling, CS
Fisher, DL
Elder, JB
AF Lam, Poh-Sang
Stripling, Craig S.
Fisher, Donald L.
Elder, James B., III
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI POTENTIAL FOR STRESS CORROSION CRACKING OF A537 CARBON STEEL NUCLEAR
WASTE TANKS CONTAINING HIGHLY CAUSTIC SOLUTIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The evaporator recycle streams of nuclear waste tanks may contain waste in a chemistry and temperature regime that exceeds the current corrosion control program, which imposes temperature limits to mitigate caustic stress corrosion cracking (CSCC). A review of the recent service history found that two of these A537 carbon steel tanks were operated in highly concentrated hydroxide solution at high temperature. Visual inspections, experimental testing, and a review of the tank service history have shown that CSCC has occurred in uncooled/un-stress relieved tanks of similar construction. Therefore, it appears that the efficacy of stress relief of welding residual stress is the primary corrosion-limiting mechanism. The objective of this experimental program is to test A537 carbon steel small scale welded U-bend specimens and large welded plates (30.48 x 30.38 x 2.54 cm) in a caustic solution with upper bound chemistry (12 M hydroxide and 1 M each of nitrate, nitrite, and aluminate) and temperature (125 degrees C). These conditions simulate worst-case situations in these nuclear waste tanks. Both as-welded and stress-relieved specimens have been tested. No evidence of stress corrosion cracking was found in the U-bend specimens after 21 days of testing. The large plate test was completed after 12 weeks of immersion in a similar solution at 125 degrees C except that the aluminate concentration was reduced to 0.3 M. Visual inspection of the plate revealed that stress corrosion cracking had not initiated from the machined crack tips in the weld or in the heat affected zone. NDE ultrasonic testing also confirmed subsurface cracking did not occur. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the environmental condition of these tests was unable to develop stress corrosion cracking within the test periods for the small welded U-bends and for the large plates, which were welded with an identical procedure as used in the construction of the actual nuclear waste tanks in the 1960s. The absence of evidence of stress corrosion cracking and general corrosion in the laboratory-scaled specimens indicate that this type of nuclear waste tank is not susceptible to highly caustic solutions up to 12 M hydroxide at 125 degrees C when sufficient nitrite inhibitor is present.
C1 [Lam, Poh-Sang; Stripling, Craig S.; Fisher, Donald L.; Elder, James B., III] Savannah River Natl Lab SRNL, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Lam, PS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab SRNL, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 541
EP 551
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200065
ER
PT B
AU Caro, M
DeMange, P
Marian, J
Caro, A
AF Caro, M.
DeMange, P.
Marian, J.
Caro, A.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI TRISO PARTICLE AND BERYLLIUM PEBBLE THERMO-MECHANICAL RESPONSE IN A
FUSION/FISSION ENGINE FOR INCINERATION OF WEAPONS GRADE PLUTONIUM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Among the laser inertial fusion-fission energy (LIFE) engine concepts being considered at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), weapons-grade plutonium (WGPu) LIFE is of particular interest because it is designed to burn excess WGPu material and achieve over 99% fraction of initial metal atoms (FIMAs). At the center of the LIFE concept lies a point source of 14MeV neutrons produced by inertial-confinement fusion (ICF) which drives a sub-critical fuel blanket located behind a neutron multiplier. Current design envisions tristructural isotropic (TRISO) particles embedded in a graphite matrix as fuel and Be as multiplier, both in pebble bed form and flowing in Flibe molten salt coolant.
In previous work, neutron lifetime modeling and design of Be pebbles was discussed [10]. Constitutive equations were derived and a design criteria were developed for spherical Be pebbles on the basis of their thermo-mechanical behaviour under continued neutron exposure in the neutron multiplier for the LIFE engine. Utilizing the available material property data, Be pebbles lifetime could be estimated to be a minimum of 6 years.
Here, we investigate the thermo-mechanical response of TRISO particles used for incineration of WUPu under LIFE operating conditions of high temperature and high neutron fast fluence. To this purpose, we make use of the thermo-mechanical fuel performance code HUPPCO, which is currently under development. The model accounts for spatial and time dependence of the material elastic properties, temperature, and irradiation swelling and creep mechanisms.
Preliminary results show that the lifetime of WGPu TRISO particles is affected by changes in the fuel materials properties in time. At high fuel burnup, retention of fission products relies on the SiC containment boundary behavior as a minute pressure vessel. The discussion underlines the need to develop high-fidelity models of the performance of these new fuel designs, especially in the absence of a fast neutron source to test these fuels under relevant conditions.
C1 [Caro, M.; DeMange, P.; Marian, J.; Caro, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Caro, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 787
EP 791
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200094
ER
PT B
AU Ren, WJ
Swindeman, R
AF Ren, Weiju
Swindeman, Robert
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI A REVIEW OF ALLOY 800H FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE GEN IV NUCLEAR ENERGY
SYSTEMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOYS; CREEP; BEHAVIOR; RUPTURE; EMBRITTLEMENT;
COMPONENTS; HELIUM; STEELS
AB Alloy 800H is currently under consideration for applications in the Next Generation Nuclear Plant at operational temperatures above 750 degrees C. To provide supporting information in this paper at the attempt to facilitate the consideration, service requirements of the nuclear system for structural materials is first described; and then an extensive review of Alloy 800H is given on its codification with respect to development and research history, mechanical behavior and design allowables, metallurgical aging resistance, environmental effect considerations, data requirements and availability, weldments, as well as many other aspects relevant to the intended nuclear application; an finally further research and development activities to support the materials qualification are suggested.
C1 [Ren, Weiju] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ren, WJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, MS 6155,Bldg 4500-S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM renw@ornl.gov; rswindeman@comcast.net; renw@ornl.gov;
rswindeman@comcast.net
RI Feng, Zhili/H-9382-2012
OI Feng, Zhili/0000-0001-6573-7933
NR 76
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 821
EP 836
PG 16
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200098
ER
PT B
AU Santella, M
AF Santella, Michael
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS ON LOWER FERRITE-AUSTENITE
TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURES IN 9CR STEELS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Computational thermodynamics approach was used to predict the ranges of the lower ferrite-austenite transformation temperatures, A(1)'s, in three 9% Cr steels. The predicted A(1) ranges were: 766-856 degrees C for SA387 Grade 91, 775-863 degrees C for SA213 Grade T92, and 676-862 degrees C for the weld metal SFA-5.23 B9 (2004). For Grade 91 and Grade T92 using the highest tempering temperature permitted by ASME Code, 800 degrees C, would permit certain alloys conforming to the chemical composition specification to be tempered above their A(1), thereby risking the formation of untempered martensite. Similar circumstances exist for weld metal conforming to the SFA-5.23 B9 specification. Linear regression analyses were performed to develop simplified expressions capable of representing the thermodynamically predicted relationships between chemical compositions and A(1)'s. These are,
Grade 91/SFA-5.23 B9 (2004):
805 degrees C + 2.5(%Cr) + 18.1(%Mo) + 19.1(%Si) + 37.1(%V) + 19.2(%Nb) - 63.7(%C) - 130.6(%N) - 60.5(%Mn) - 72.3(%Ni)
Grade T92:
778 degrees C + 4.9(%Cr) + 22.6(%Mo) + 10.8(%W) + 22.9(%Si) + 43.6(%V) + 20.2(%Nb) - 80.6(%C) 150.7(%N) - 55.1(%Mn) - 68.0(%Ni)
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Santella, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 871
EP 877
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200102
ER
PT B
AU Carroll, L
Cabet, C
Wright, R
AF Carroll, Laura
Cabet, Celine
Wright, Richard
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT ON HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP-FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF
ALLOY 617
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID SUPERALLOY; STEEL
AB Alloy 617 is the leading candidate material for an intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) application of the Very High Temperature Nuclear Reactor (VHTR), expected to have an outlet temperature as high as 950 degrees C. Acceptance of Alloy 617 in Section 111 of the ASME Code for nuclear construction requires a detailed understanding of the creep-fatigue behavior. Initial creep-fatigue work on Alloy 617 suggests a more dominant role of environment with increasing temperature and/or hold times evidenced through changes in creep-fatigue crack growth mechanism/s and failure life. Furthermore, previous work on corrosion of nickel base alloys in impure helium has suggested that this environment is far from inert with respect to Alloy 617. Continuous cycle fatigue and creep-fatigue testing of Alloy 617 was conducted at 950 degrees C and 0.3% and 0.6% total strain in air to simulate damage modes expected in a VHTR application. Continuous cycle and creep-fatigue specimens exhibited intergranular cracking, but did not show evidence of grain boundary cavitation. Despite the absence of grain boundary cavitation to accelerate crack propagation, the addition of a hold time at peak tensile strain was detrimental to cycle life. This suggests that creep-fatigue interaction may occur by a different mechanism or that the environment may be partially responsible for accelerating failure.
C1 [Carroll, Laura; Wright, Richard] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Carroll, L (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 907
EP 916
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200106
ER
PT B
AU Marchi, CS
Somerday, BP
Nibur, KA
Stalheim, DG
Boggess, T
Jansto, S
AF Marchi, Chris San
Somerday, Brian P.
Nibur, Kevin A.
Stalheim, Douglas G.
Boggess, Todd
Jansto, Steve
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI FRACTURE AND FATIGUE OF COMMERCIAL GRADE API PIPELINE STEELS IN GASEOUS
HYDROGEN
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Gaseous hydrogen is an alternative to petroleum-based fuels, but it is known to significantly reduce the fatigue and fracture resistance of steels. Steels are commonly used for containment and distribution of gaseous hydrogen, albeit under conservative operating conditions (i.e., large safety factors) to mitigate so-called gaseous hydrogen embrittlement. Economical methods of distributing gaseous hydrogen (such as using existing pipeline infrastructure) are necessary to make hydrogen fuel competitive with alternatives. The effects of gaseous hydrogen on fracture resistance and fatigue resistance of pipeline steels, however, has not been comprehensively evaluated and this data is necessary for structural integrity assessment in gaseous hydrogen environments. In addition, existing standardized test methods for environment assisted cracking under sustained load appear to be inadequate to characterize low-strength steels (such as pipeline steels) exposed to relevant gaseous hydrogen environments. In this study, the principles of fracture mechanics are used to compare the fracture and fatigue performance of two pipeline steels in high-purity gaseous hydrogen at two pressures: 5.5 MPa and 21 MPa. In particular, elastic-plastic fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth rates were measured using the compact tension geometry and a pressure vessel designed for testing materials while exposed to gaseous hydrogen.
C1 [Marchi, Chris San; Somerday, Brian P.; Nibur, Kevin A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Marchi, CS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 939
EP 948
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200110
ER
PT B
AU Nibur, KA
Marchi, CS
Somerday, BP
AF Nibur, Kevin A.
Marchi, Chris San
Somerday, Brian P.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI FRACTURE AND FATIGUE TOLERANT STEEL PRESSURE VESSELS FOR GASEOUS
HYDROGEN
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID CRACK PROPAGATION; GROWTH
AB Fatigue crack growth rates and rising displacement fracture thresholds have been measured for a 4130X steel in 45 MPa hydrogen gas. The ratio of minimum to maximum load (R-ratio) and cyclic frequency was varied to assess the effects of these variables on fatigue crack growth rates. Decreasing frequency and increasing R were both found to increase crack growth rate, however, these variables are not independent of each other. Changing frequency from 0.1 Hz to 1 Hz reduced crack growth rates at R = 0.5, but had no effect at R = 0.1. When applied to a design life calculation for a steel pressure vessel consistent with a typical hydrogen trailer tube, the measured fatigue and fracture data predicted a re-inspection interval of nearly 29 years, consistent with the excellent service history of such vessels which have been in use for many years.
C1 [Nibur, Kevin A.; Marchi, Chris San; Somerday, Brian P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Nibur, KA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 949
EP 958
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200111
ER
PT B
AU Crawford, SL
Doctor, SR
Cinson, AD
Watts, MW
Moran, TL
Anderson, MT
AF Crawford, Susan L.
Doctor, Steven R.
Cinson, Anthony D.
Watts, Michael W.
Moran, Traci L.
Anderson, Michael T.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF NDE METHODS ON INSPECTION OF HDPE BUTT FUSION
PIPING JOINTS FOR LACK OF FUSION WITH VALIDATION FROM MECHANICAL TESTING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Studies at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington, are being conducted to evaluate nondestructive examinations (NDE) coupled with mechanical testing of butt fusion joints in high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe for assessing lack of fusion. The work provides information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on the effectiveness of volumetric inspection techniques of HDPE butt fusion joints in Section III, Division 1, Class 3, buried piping systems in nuclear power plants. This paper describes results from preliminary assessments using ultrasonic and microwave nondestructive techniques and mechanical testing with the high speed tensile impact test and the bend test for determining joint integrity.
A series of butt joints were fabricated in 3408, 12 inch (30.5 cm) IPS DR-11 HDPE material by varying the fusion parameters to create good joints and joints containing a range of lack of fusion conditions. Six of these butt joints were volumetrically examined with time of flight diffraction (TOFD), phased array (PA) ultrasound, and the Evisive microwave system. The outer diameter (OD) weld beads were removed for microwave evaluation and the pipes ultrasonically re-evaluated. In two of the six pipes both the outer and inner diameter (ID) weld beads were removed and the pipe joints re-evaluated. Several of the pipes were sectioned and the joints destructively evaluated with the following techniques: high speed tensile test, bend test, and focused immersion ultrasound on a joint section removed from the pipe coupled with slicing through the joint and examining the revealed surfaces. The fusion parameters, nondestructive, and destructive evaluation results will be correlated to validate the effectiveness of what each NDE technology detects and what each does not detect. This is an initial limited study which will aid in identifying key future work.
C1 [Crawford, Susan L.; Doctor, Steven R.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Watts, Michael W.; Moran, Traci L.; Anderson, Michael T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Crawford, SL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 1039
EP 1045
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200123
ER
PT B
AU Unwin, SD
Lowry, PP
Toyooka, MY
AF Unwin, Stephen D.
Lowry, Peter P.
Toyooka, Michael Y.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI COMPONENT DEGRADATION SUSCEPTIBILITIES AS THE BASES FOR MODELING REACTOR
AGING RISK
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE Reactor Aging Management; PRA; Passive Components; Importance Analysis
AB The extension of nuclear power plant operating licenses beyond 60 years in the United States will be necessary if we are to meet national energy needs while addressing the issues of carbon and climate. Characterizing the operating risks associated with aging reactors is problematic because the principal tool for risk-informed decision-making, Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA), is not ideally-suited to addressing aging systems. The components most likely to drive risk in an aging reactor - the passives - receive limited treatment in PRA, and furthermore, standard PRA methods are based on the assumption of stationary failure rates: a condition unlikely to be met in an aging system.
A critical barrier to modeling passives aging on the wide scale required for a PRA is that there is seldom sufficient field data to populate parametric failure models, and nor is there always the availability of practical physics models to predict out-year component reliability.
The methodology described here circumvents some of these data and modeling needs by using materials degradation metrics, integrated with conventional PRA models, to produce risk importance measures for specific aging mechanisms and component types. We suggest that these measures have multiple applications, from the risk-screening of components to the prioritization of materials research.
C1 [Unwin, Stephen D.; Lowry, Peter P.; Toyooka, Michael Y.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Unwin, SD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K6-52, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM stephen.unwin@pnl.gov; peter.lowry@pnl.gov; michael.toyooka@pnl.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 1151
EP 1155
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200134
ER
PT B
AU Doctor, SR
Anderson, MT
AF Doctor, Steven R.
Anderson, Michael T.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI UNCERTAINTIES IN NDE RELIABILITY AND ASSESSING THE IMPACT ON RI-ISI
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB A major thrust in the past 20 years has been to upgrade nondestructive examinations (NDE) for use in inservice inspection (IS!) programs to more effectively manage degradation at operating nuclear power plants. Risk-informed ISI (RI-ISI) is one of the outcomes of this work, and this approach relies heavily on the reliability of NDE, when properly applied, to detect sources of expected degradation. There have been a number of improvements in the reliability of NDE, specifically in ultrasonic testing (UT), through training of examiners, and improved equipment and procedure development. However, the most significant improvements in UT were derived by moving from prescriptive requirements to performance based requirements. Even with these substantial improvements, NDE contains significant uncertainties and RI-ISI programs need to address and accommodate this factor. As part of the work that PNNL is conducting for the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, we are examining the impact of these uncertainties on the effectiveness of RI-IS! programs.
One of the primary objectives of in-service inspection, including a RI-ISI program, is to manage potential degradation that may occur, but that had not been foreseen through previous operating experience. However, RI-ISI programs in the U.S are primarily based on history, looking back at past failures in the operating fleet. Therefore, RI-ISI may not adequately manage degradation events that are yet to occur, such as those that may have a long incubation (initiation) time, but a potentially fast growth rate. For this reason, RI-ISI will always be reactive to such failure events. Successful ISI needs to determine what NDE is required, when and how frequently it needs to be applied, how effective the NDE must be and where the NDE needs to be applied. Both flaw detection and accurate characterization need to be addressed. This paper will examine the reliability and uncertainties of NDE, and how these may impact RI-ISI.
C1 [Doctor, Steven R.; Anderson, Michael T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Doctor, SR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM steven.doctor@pnl.gov; michael.anderson@pnl.gov
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 1157
EP 1165
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200135
ER
PT B
AU Amidan, BG
Piepel, GF
Heredia-Langner, A
Meyer, PA
Wells, BE
Fort, JA
Bamberger, JA
Kuhn, WL
AF Amidan, Brett G.
Piepel, Greg F.
Heredia-Langner, Alejandro
Meyer, Perry A.
Wells, Beric E.
Fort, James A.
Bamberger, Judith A.
Kuhn, William L.
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI A STATISTICAL INTELLIGENCE (STI) APPROACH TO DISCOVERING SPURIOUS
CORRELATION IN A PHYSICAL MODEL AND RESOLVING THE PROBLEM WITH AN
EXAMPLE OF DESIGNING A PULSE JET MIXING SYSTEM AT HANFORD
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Pulse jet mixing tests were conducted to support the design of mixing systems for the Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant.
A physical approach (based on hydro-dynamic behavior) and two semi-empirical (SE) approaches were applied to the data to develop models for predicting two response variables (critical-suspension velocity and cloud height).
Tests were conducted at three geometric scales using multiple noncohesive simulants and levels of possibly influential factors.
The physical modeling approach based on hydro-dynamic behavior was first attempted, but this approach can yield models with spurious correlation.
To overcome this dilemma, two semi-empirical (SE) models were developed by generalizing the form of the physical model using dimensional and/or nondimensional (ND) variables.
The results of applying statistical intelligence (STI) tools to resolve the spurious correlation problem via fitting the physical and SE models are presented and compared. Considering goodness-of-fit, prediction performance, spurious correlation, and the need to extrapolate, the SE models based on ND variables are recommended.
C1 [Amidan, Brett G.; Piepel, Greg F.; Heredia-Langner, Alejandro; Meyer, Perry A.; Wells, Beric E.; Fort, James A.; Bamberger, Judith A.; Kuhn, William L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Amidan, BG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K6-08, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM b.amidan@pnl.gov; greg.piepel@pnl.gov;
alejandro.heredia-langner@pnl.gov; perry.meyer@pnl.gov;
beric.wells@pnl.gov; James.fort@pnl.gov; judith.bamberger@pnl.gov;
william.kuhn@pnl.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 1167
EP 1178
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200136
ER
PT B
AU Chang, SJ
AF Chang, Shih-Jung
BE Wiersma, BJ
Bezensek, B
Brongers, MPH
Brust, FW
Burdett, B
Chakraborty, A
Cockie, A
Cohn, M
Cravero, S
Dennis, R
Doctor, S
Dogan, B
Duncan, A
Faria, H
Feng, Z
Fong, J
Garcia, I
Gilles, P
Gosselin, S
Hasegawa, K
Hedden, O
Helms, J
Jaske, C
Keim, E
Kim, YJ
Kwon, D
Lam, PS
Lee, BS
Li, GQ
Lidbury, D
Mahmoudi, AH
Marcal, P
Mochizuki, M
Moinereau, D
Mourad, AH
Motarjemi, A
ODowd, N
Ortner, S
Pang, SS
Qian, HY
Ren, WJ
Rudland, D
Scarth, D
Sham, TL
Sharples, J
Sherry, A
Shim, DJ
Sisan, A
Swindeman, R
Tanaka, Y
Truman, C
Wang, JA
Wiersma, B
Woldesenbet, E
Yoon, K
Zhu, XK
TI A FRACTURE PROBABILITY INTEGRAL FOR PRESSURE VESSEL LIFE ESTIMATE AND
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
6, PTS A AND B
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID REACTOR VESSEL
AB A multiple integral representation has been developed to analytically model the probability of failure of reactor vessel. The probability of fracture is a basic methodology for projecting for the life of a new vessel as well as to estimate the remaining life of an existing vessel. The integral representation for the probability of fracture calculation is based on the number count of critical cracks across the whole section of a vessel, based on a given calibrated crack distribution function, obtained by experimental examination of the vessel cross section. Multiple integral is implemented because of the degraded, or variable, fracture toughness and other factors representing the variable facture toughness. For example, the nuclear reactor vessel that is subjected to neutron radiation, will increase the reactor vessel steel brittleness. The effect of neutron irradiation can be calibrated by its increase in ductilebrittle transition temperature (DBTT) in fracture toughness versus temperature curve. Higher DBTT implies a decrease in fracture toughness and an increase in the chance of vessel fracture in brittle fracture mode. The extent of degradation that the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HEIR) vessel has experienced is characterized by its probability of fracture in this paper. The fracture probabilities under the accident pressure conditions against possible EIFIR operating life are calculated for the safety analysis of the reactor vessel. Conventional numerical methods of fracture probability calculation such as that adopted by the N12C-sponsored PRAISE CODE and the FAVOR CODE developed in this Laboratory are based on Monte Carlo simulation. Heavy computations are required. The present method of Probability Integral has been used to verify numerical results of approximately 8-10 reports on HFIR remaining-life calculations by Cheverton using FAVOR CODE for the installation of HFIR new cold neutron source. The numerical result based on the method of Probability Integral confirms almost exactly as compared with that obtained by Monte Carlo Method adopted by FAVOR CODE. This Method of Probability Integral, because of its analytical structure, shows the clear physical interpretation of the fracture probability. It provides simple and expedient procedure to obtain numerical values of fracture probability. Moreover, it retains all possible features that the Monte Carlo Method of simulation can accomplish.
C1 [Chang, Shih-Jung] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, San Jose, CA 95118 USA.
EM tsj0963@yahoo.com
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4925-5
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 1187
EP 1191
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BVG92
UT WOS:000291503200138
ER
PT B
AU Smith, AC
Abramczyk, GA
Nathan, SJ
AF Smith, Allen C.
Abramczyk, Glenn A.
Nathan, Steven J.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI Regulatory Issues Associated with Shipment of Small Quantities of
Radioactive Material
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Following decertification of the ubiquitous and simple Department of Transpsortaion (DOT) 6M specification package, radioactive materials package Shippers have been faced with the need to use Certified Type B packagings. Many Department of Energy (DOE), commercial and academic programs have a need to ship small masses of radioactive material, where the identity of the material or radionuclides is know but the individual activity of some may not be known. For quantities which are small enough to be fissile exempt and have adequate shielding to ensure low radiation levels, these materials could be transported in a package which provides the required containment level. Because their Chalfant type containment vessels meet the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) N14.5 definition for leak-tight (<= 1x10(-7) ref cm(3) air/sec), the 9975, 9977, and 9978 are capable of transporting contents requiring the highest standard of containment. The issues associated with certification of a high-integrity, general purpose package for shipping small quantities of such radioactive material arc discussed and the logical basis for certification for such contents is described.
C1 [Smith, Allen C.] Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Smith, AC (reprint author), Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM allen.smith@srnl.doe.gov; glenn.abramczyk@srnl.doe.gov;
steven.nathan@srs.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 307
EP 314
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000044
ER
PT B
AU Smith, AC
Gupta, NK
Blanton, PS
AF Smith, Allen C.
Gupta, Narendra K.
Blanton, Paul S.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI DEVELOPMENT OF BURN TEST SPECIFICATIONS FOR FIRE PROTECTION MATERIALS IN
RAM PACKAGES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The regulations in 10 CFR Part 71([1]) require that radioactive material (RAM) packages must be able to withstand specific fire conditions, given in 10 CFR 71.73, during Hypothetical Accident Conditions (HAC). This requirement is normally satisfied by extensive testing of full scale test specimens under required test conditions. Since fire test planning and execution is expensive and only provides a single snapshot into a package performance, every effort is made to minimize testing and supplement the tests with results from computational thermal models. However, the accuracy of such thermal models depends heavily on the thermal properties of the fire insulating materials, properties that are rarely available at the regulatory fire temperatures. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no test standards exist that could be used to test the insulating materials and derive their thermal properties for the RAM package design. This paper presents a review of the existing industry fire testing standards and proposes testing methods that could serve as a standardized specification for testing fire insulating materials for use in RAM packages.
C1 [Smith, Allen C.; Gupta, Narendra K.; Blanton, Paul S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Smith, AC (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM allen.smith@srnl.doe.gov; nick.gupta@srnl.doe.gov;
paul.blanton@srnl.doe.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 315
EP 319
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000045
ER
PT B
AU Watkins, RW
Loftin, BM
Hoang, DS
AF Watkins, Robert W.
Loftin, Bradley M.
Hoang, Don S.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI AUTHORIZING THE DOT SPECIFICATION 6M PACKAGING FOR CONTINUED USE AT THE
SAVANNAH RIVER SITE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Specification 6M packaging was in extensive use for more than 40 years for in-commerce shipments of Type B quantities of fissile and radioactive material (RAM) across the USA, among the Department of Energy (DOE) laboratories, and between facilities in the DOE production complex.
In January 2004, the DOT Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA) Agency issued a final rule in the Federal Register to amend requirements in the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) pertaining to the transportation of radioactive materials. The final rule became effective on October 1, 2004. One of those changes discontinued the use of the DOT specification 6M, along with other DOT specification packagings, on October 1, 2008. A main, driver for the change was due to the fact that 6M specification packagings were not supported by a Safety Analysis Report for Packagings (SARP) that was compliant with Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 71 (10 CFR 71). The regulatory rules for the discontinued use have been edited in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 100 185, 2004 Edition and thereafter. Prior to October 1, 2008, the use of the 6M within the boundaries of the Savannah River Site (SRS), called an onsite transfer, was governed by an onsite transportation document that referenced 49 CFR Parts 100-185. SRS had to develop an Onsite Safety Assessment (OSA) which was independent of 49 CFR in order to justify the continued use of the DOT Specification 6M for the transfer of radioactive material (RAM) at the SRS after October I, 2008. This paper will discuss the methodology for and difficulties associated with authorizing the DOT Specification 6M Packaging for continued use at the Savannah River Site.
C1 [Watkins, Robert W.; Loftin, Bradley M.; Hoang, Don S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Watkins, RW (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 321
EP 324
PG 4
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000046
ER
PT B
AU Dickson, T
Focht, E
Kirk, M
AF Dickson, Terry
Focht, Eric
Kirk, Mark
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI REVIEW OF PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR A RISK-INFORMED RELAXATION TO ASME
SECTION XI-APPENDIX G
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The current regulations, as set forth by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), to insure that light-water nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) maintain their structural integrity when subjected to planned normal reactor startup (heat-up) and shut-down (cool-down) transients are specified in Appendix G to 10 CFR Part 50, which incorporates by reference Appendix G to Section XI of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code. The technical basis for these regulations are now recognized by the technical community as being conservative and some plants are finding it increasingly difficult to comply with the current regulations.
Consequently, the nuclear industry has developed, and submitted to the ASME Code for approval, an alternative risk-informed methodology that reduces the conservatism and is consistent with the methods previously used to develop a risk-informed revision to the regulations for accidental transients such as pressurized thermal shock (PTS). The objective of the alternative methodology is to provide a relaxation to the current regulations which will provide more operational flexibility, particularly for reactor pressure vessels with relatively high irradiation levels and radiation sensitive materials, while continuing to provide reasonable assurance of adequate protection to public health and safety.
The NRC and its contractor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have recently performed an independent review of the industry proposed methodology. The NRC / ORNL review consisted of performing probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analyses for a matrix of cool-down and heat-up rates, permutated over various reactor geometries and characteristics, each at multiple levels of embrittlement, including 60 effective full power years (EFPY) and beyond, for various postulated flaw characterizations. The objective of this review is to quantify the risk of a reactor vessel experiencing non-ductile fracture, and possible subsequent failure, over a wide range of normal transient conditions, when the maximum allowable thermal-hydraulic boundary conditions, derived from both the current ASME code and the industry proposed methodology, are imposed on the inner surface of the reactor vessel.
This paper discusses the results of the NRC/ORNL review of the industry proposal including the matrices of PFM analyses, results, insights, and conclusions derived from these analyses.
C1 [Dickson, Terry] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Dickson, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM tyd@ornl.gov; eric.focht@nrc.gov; mark.kirk@nrc.gov
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 327
EP 337
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000048
ER
PT B
AU Gupta, NK
AF Gupta, Narendra K.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI Thermal Performance of Radioactive Material (RAM) Packages in Transport
Configuration
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Drum type packages are routinely used to transport radioactive material (RAM) in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex. These packages are designed to meet the federal regulations described in 10 CFR Part 71.([1]) The packages are transported in specially designed vehicles for safety and security. In the transport vehicles, the packages are placed close to each other to maximize the number of units in the vehicle. Since the RAM contents in the packagings produce decay heat, it is important that they are spaced sufficiently apart to prevent overheating of the containment vessel (CV) seals and the impact limiter to ensure the structural integrity of the package. This paper presents a simple methodology to assess thermal performance of a typical 9975 packaging in a transport configuration.
C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Gupta, NK (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM nick.gupta@srnl.doe.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 399
EP 405
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000055
ER
PT B
AU Han, ZH
Shah, VN
Abou-Hanna, J
Liu, YY
AF Han, Zenghu
Shah, Vikram N.
Abou-Hanna, Jeries
Liu, Yung Y.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE 9516 TRANSPORT PACKAGE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB This paper presents the structural dynamic analysis of the 9516 package subjected to two hypothetical accidents in sequence: (1) the 30-ft drop test and (2) the puncture test. The analysis is performed with the general-purpose finite element analysis computer code, ABAQUS, using explicit integration. The 9516 package consists of a containment vessel placed inside a cask mounted inside a steel cage, which acts as the impact limiter and. the personnel shield. The cask has a bolted closure that provides the confinement to the containment vessel. The closure bolts initially were modeled with one-dimensional elastic connector elements bearing only the axial loads, which was adequate for the analysis of the drop test. However, the closure lid experienced significant bending during the puncture test, implying bending load acting on the closure bolts. Therefore, the closure bolts were modeled by using solid elements in a refined model so that the response to the bending load during the puncture test can be simulated. The results of the analysis showed that the closure bolts experience significant bending during the puncture test. For model validation, a comparison between the analysis results and the test results for rigid body accelerations of the package is presented. The results of the analysis based on the refined model show that the maximum stress intensities in the closure bolts, containment vessel, and cask are lower than the corresponding allowable stresses specified in the American Society of Mechanical Engineering Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
C1 [Han, Zenghu; Shah, Vikram N.; Liu, Yung Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Han, ZH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 407
EP 414
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000056
ER
PT B
AU Daugherty, WL
Dunn, KA
Murphy, JL
Hackney, ER
AF Daugherty, W. L.
Dunn, K. A.
Murphy, J. L.
Hackney, E. R.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI EFFECTS OF MOISTURE IN THE 9975 SHIPPING PACKAGE FIBERBOARD ASSEMBLY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The fiberboard assembly used in 9975 shipping packages as an impact-absorption and insulation component has the capacity to absorb moisture, with an accompanying change to its properties. While package fabrication requirements generally maintain the fiberboard moisture content within manufacturing range, there is the potential during use or storage for atypical handling or storage practices which result in the absorption of additional moisture. In addition to performing a transportation function, the 9975 shipping packages are used as a facility storage system for special nuclear materials at the Savannah River Site. A small number of packages after extended storage have been found to contain elevated moisture levels. Typically, this condition is accompanied by an axial compaction of the bottom fiberboard layers, and the growth of mold.
In addition to potential atypical practices, fiberboard can exchange moisture with the surrounding air, depending on the ambient humidity. Laboratory data have been generated to correlate the equilibrium moisture content of cane fiberboard with the humidity of the surrounding air. These data are compared to measurements taken within shipping packages. With a reasonable measurement of the fiberboard moisture content, an estimate of the fiberboard properties can be made. Over time, elevated moisture levels will negatively impact performance properties, and promote fiberboard mold growth and resultant degradation.
C1 [Daugherty, W. L.; Dunn, K. A.; Murphy, J. L.; Hackney, E. R.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Daugherty, WL (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 415
EP 420
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000057
ER
PT B
AU Lee, SY
Hensel, SJ
De Bock, C
AF Lee, S. Y.
Hensel, S. J.
De Bock, C.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI THERMAL ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGIC HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE PACKAGES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE Geologic Repository; Supercontainer; Computational Heat Transfer;
Computational Fluid Dynamics; Thermal Performance
AB The engineering design of disposal of the high level waste (HLW) packages in a geologic repository requires a thermal analysis to provide the temperature history of the packages. Calculated temperatures are used to demonstrate compliance with criteria for waste acceptance into the geologic disposal gallery system and as input to assess the transient thermal characteristics of the vitrified HLW Package.
The objective of the work was to evaluate the thermal performance of the supercontainer containing the vitrified HLW in a non-backfilled and unventilated underground disposal gallery. In order to achieve the objective, transient computational models for a geologic vitrified HLW package were developed by using a computational fluid dynamics method, and calculations for the HLW disposal gallery of the current Belgian geological repository reference design were performed. An initial two-dimensional model was used to conduct some parametric sensitivity studies to better understand the geologic system's thermal response. The effect of heat decay, number of co-disposed supercontainers, domain size, humidity, thermal conductivity and thermal emissivity were studied. Later, a more accurate three-dimensional model was developed by considering the conduction-convection cooling mechanism coupled with radiation, and the effect of the number of supercontainers (3, 4 and 8) was studied in more detail, as well as a bounding case with zero heat flux at both ends. The modeling methodology and results of the sensitivity studies will be presented.
C1 [Lee, S. Y.; Hensel, S. J.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM si.lee@sml.doe.gov; steve.hensel@sml.doe.gov; c.debock@nironb.be
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 421
EP 432
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000058
ER
PT B
AU Hoffman, EN
Skidmore, TE
Daugherty, WL
AF Hoffman, Elizabeth N.
Skidmore, T. Eric
Daugherty, William L.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI LONG-TERM LEAK TIGHTNESS OF O-RING SEALS IN THE 9975 SHIPPING PACKAGE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB O-ring seals in the 9975 shipping package containment vessels are fabricated from a Viton (R) GLT or GLT-S compound. Longterm testing of these O-rings has been performed to support service life predictions for packages used for long-term storage. Since the only criterion for O-ring performance is to maintain a leak-tight seal, leak testing is the primary indicator of service life. Fixtures have been aging at elevated temperatures to provide data for service life predictions. Limited leak test failures have been observed at the higher temperatures. This provides the opportunity for comparison to trends based on other O-ring properties, such as compression stress relaxation (CSR). Initial data suggest that the CSR data have some predictive value for a leak-tight service life, but other factors can complicate efforts to draw definitive conclusions.
C1 [Hoffman, Elizabeth N.; Skidmore, T. Eric; Daugherty, William L.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Hoffman, EN (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 433
EP 438
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000059
ER
PT B
AU Daugherty, WL
Harris, SP
AF Daugherty, W. L.
Harris, S. P.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI AGING MODEL FOR CANE FIBERBOARD OVERPACK IN THE 9975 SHIPPING PACKAGE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Many radioactive material shipping packages incorporate a cane fiberboard overpack for thermal insulation and impact resistance. Mechanical, thermal, and physical properties have been measured on cane fiberboard following thermal aging in various temperature/humidity environments. Several of the measured properties change significantly over time in the more severe environments, while other properties are relatively constant. Changes in each of the properties have been fit to a model to allow predictions of degradation under various storage scenarios. Additional data are being collected to provide for future refinements to the models.
C1 [Daugherty, W. L.; Harris, S. P.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Daugherty, WL (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 439
EP 447
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000060
ER
PT B
AU Smith, AC
AF Smith, Allen C.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI Evaluation of Torque vs Closure Bolt Preload for a Typical Containment
Vessel Under Service Conditions
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Radioactive material package containment vessels typically employ bolted closures of various configurations. Closure bolts must retain the lid of a package and must maintain required seal loads, while subjected to internal pressure, impact loads and vibration. The need for insuring that the specified preload is achieved in closure bolts for radioactive materials packagings has been a continual subject of concern for both designers and regulatory reviewers. The extensive literature on threaded fasteners provides sound guidance on design and torque specification for closure bolts. The literature also shows the uncertainty associated with use of torque to establish preload is typically between 10 and 35%. These studies have been performed under controlled, laboratory conditions. The ability to insure required preload in normal service is, consequently, an important question. The study described here investigated the relationship between indicated torque and resulting bolt load for a typical radioactive materials package closure using methods available under normal service conditions.
C1 Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Smith, AC (reprint author), Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM allen.smith@srnl.doe.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 449
EP 456
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000061
ER
PT B
AU Skidmore, TE
Daugherty, WL
Hoffman, EN
AF Skidmore, T. E.
Daugherty, W. L.
Hoffman, E. N.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI 9975 SHIPPING PACKAGE - PERFORMANCE OF ALTERNATE MATERIALS FOR LONG-TERM
STORAGE APPLICATION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The Model 9975 shipping package specifies the materials of construction for its various components. With the loss of availability of material for two components (cane fiberboard overpack and Viton (R) GLT O-rings), alternate materials of construction were identified and approved for use for transport (softwood fiberboard and Viton (R) GLT-S O-rings). The shipping packages are part of a long-term storage configuration at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Therefore, additional testing is in progress to verify satisfactory long-term performance of the alternate materials under storage conditions. The test results to date can be compared to results on the original materials of construction to draw preliminary conclusions on the performance of the replacement materials.
C1 [Skidmore, T. E.; Daugherty, W. L.; Hoffman, E. N.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Skidmore, TE (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 457
EP 465
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000062
ER
PT B
AU Watkins, RW
Hensel, SJ
Jordan, JM
AF Watkins, Robert W.
Hensel, Stephen J.
Jordan, Jeffrey M.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI PACKAGING AND TRANSPORTATION OF ADDITIONAL NEPTUNIUM OXIDE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The Savannah River Site's HB-Line Facility completed a second neptunium oxide production campaign in which nine (9) additional cans of neptunium oxide were produced and shipped to the Idaho National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the 9975 shipping container. These additional cans were from a different feed solution than the first fifty (50) cans of neptunium oxide that were previously produced and shipped via a Letter of Amendment to the 9975 Safety Analysis Report for Packaging (SARP) content table. This paper will address the challenges associated with demonstrating the neptunium oxide produced from the additional feed solution was equivalent to the original neptunium oxide and within the content description of the Letter of Amendment.
C1 [Watkins, Robert W.; Hensel, Stephen J.; Jordan, Jeffrey M.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Watkins, RW (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 467
EP 470
PG 4
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000063
ER
PT B
AU May, CG
McKeel, CA
Opperman, EK
AF May, Cecil G.
McKeel, Charles A.
Opperman, Erich K.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI DROP TESTS RESULTS OF REVISED CLOSURE BOLT CONFIGURATION OF THE STANDARD
WASTE BOX, STANDARD LARGE BOX-2, AND TEN DRUM OVERPACK PACKAGINGS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The Transuranic (TRU) Disposition Project at Savannah River Site will require numerous transfers of radioactive materials within the site boundaries for sorting and repackaging. The: three DOT Type A shipping packagings planned for this work have numerous bolts for securing the lids to the body of the packagings. In an effort to reduce operator time to open and close the packages during onsite transfers, thus reducing personnel exposure and costs, an evaluation was performed to analyze the effects of reducing the number of bolts required to secure the lid to the packaging body. The evaluation showed the reduction to one-third of the original number of bolts had no affect on the packagings' capability to sustain vibratory loads, shipping loads, internal pressure loads, and the loads resulting from a 4-ft drop. However, the loads caused by the 4-ft drop are difficult to estimate and the study recommended each of the packages be dropped to show the actual effects on the package closure. Even with reduced bolting, the packagings were still required to meet the 49 CFR 178.350 performance criteria for Type A packaging.
This paper will discuss the effects and results of the drop testing of the three packagings.
C1 [May, Cecil G.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP May, CG (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 483
EP 495
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000065
ER
PT B
AU Fort, JA
Cuta, JM
Bajwa, CS
Baglietto, E
AF Fort, James A.
Cuta, Judith M.
Bajwa, Chris S.
Baglietto, Emilio
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI MODELING HEAT TRANSFER IN SPENT FUEL TRANSFER CASK NEUTRON SHIELDS - A
CHALLENGING PROBLEM IN NATURAL CONVECTION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID CONCENTRIC CYLINDERS; HORIZONTAL ANNULUS
AB In the United States, commercial spent nuclear fuel is typically moved from spent. fuel pools to outdoor dry storage pads within a transfer cask system that provides radiation shielding to protect personnel and the surrounding environment. The transfer casks are cylindrical steel enclosures with integral gamma and neutron radiation shields. Since the transfer cask system must be passively cooled, decay heat removal from the spent nuclear fuel canister is limited by the rate of heat transfer through the cask components, and natural convection from the transfer cask surface. The primary mode of heat transfer within the transfer cask system is conduction, but some cask designs incorporate a liquid neutron shield tank surrounding the transfer cask structural shell. In these systems, accurate prediction of natural convection within the neutron shield tank is an important part of assessing the overall thermal performance of the transfer cask system.
The large-scale geometry of the neutron shield tank, which is typically an annulus approximately 2 meters in diameter but only 10-15 cm in thickness, and the relatively small scale velocities (typically less than 5 cm/s) represent a wide range of spatial and temporal scales that contribute to making this a challenging problem for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. Relevant experimental data at these scales are not available in the literature, but some recent modeling studies offer insights into numerical issues and solutions. However, the geometries in these studies, and for the experimental data in the literature at smaller scales, all have large annular gaps that are not prototypic of the transfer cask neutron shield. This paper proposes that there may be reliable CFD approaches to the transfer cask problem, specifically coupled steady-state solvers or unsteady simulations; however, both of these solutions take significant computational effort. Segregated (uncoupled) steady state solvers that were tested did not accurately capture the flow field and heat transfer distribution in this application. Mesh resolution, turbulence modeling, and the tradeoff between steady state and transient solutions are addressed. Because of the critical nature of this application, the need for new experiments at representative scales is clearly demonstrated.
C1 [Fort, James A.; Cuta, Judith M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Fort, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Baglietto, Emilio/A-7894-2012
OI Baglietto, Emilio/0000-0001-8720-9437
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 497
EP 506
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000066
ER
PT B
AU Klymyshyn, NA
Adkins, HE
Bajwa, CS
Piotter, JM
AF Klymyshyn, Nicholas A.
Adkins, Harold E.
Bajwa, Christopher S.
Piotter, Jason M.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI PACKAGE IMPACT MODELS AS A PRECURSOR TO CLADDING ANALYSIS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The evaluation of spent nuclear fuel storage casks and transportation packages under impact loading is an important safety topic that is reviewed as part of cask and package certification by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Explicit dynamic finite element models of full systems are increasingly common in industry for determining structural integrity during hypothetical drop accidents. Full cask and package model results are also used as the loading basis for single fuel pin impact models, which evaluate the response of fuel cladding under drop conditions. In this paper, a simplified package system is evaluated to illustrate several important structural dynamic phenomena, including the effect of gaps between components, the difference in local response at various points on a package during impact, and the effect of modeling various simplified representations of the basket and fuel assemblies. This paper focuses on the package impact analysis, and how loading conditions for a subsequent fuel assembly or fuel cladding analysis can be extracted.
C1 [Klymyshyn, Nicholas A.; Adkins, Harold E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Klymyshyn, NA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 507
EP 513
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000067
ER
PT B
AU Wu, TT
Gupta, NK
Smith, AC
Blanton, PS
AF Wu, Tsu-te
Gupta, Narendra K.
Smith, Allen C.
Blanton, Paul S.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI A Method for the Coupled Thermal-Structural Analysis of Radioactive
Material Shipping Packages in Hypothetical Accident Conditions - Part 1.
NCT Thermal Load and Some HAC Mechanical Loads
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The design of radioactive material (RAM) shipping packages are designed to withstand the mechanical and thermal loads specified in Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 71 (10CFR71).([1]) The Hypothetical Accident Conditions (HAC) specified in 10CFR71 include a 30-foot free drop, a crush by an 1100-pound plate, a 40-inch free drop onto a round bar and a 30-minite fire. Furthermore, in accordance with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Guide 7.8, these loads should be applied sequentially.([2])
The current common practice is to base the thermal modeling on the un-deformed (or un-damaged) packaging configuration and thermal stresses are neglected in structural analyses. This paper presents a methodology to simulate the coupled thermal and structural responses and to evaluate the accumulated damages caused by both sequentially applied thermal and mechanical loads of the Hypothetical Accident Conditions.
Part 1 of the paper discusses the thermal analysis for the Normal Conditions of Transport (NCT) to establish the initial temperatures of the shipping package. It also discusses the subsequent analyses of closure-bolt tightening preload analysis and 30-foot drop analysis.
C1 [Wu, Tsu-te; Gupta, Narendra K.; Smith, Allen C.; Blanton, Paul S.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Wu, TT (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM tsu-te.wu@srnl.doe.gov; nick.gupta@srnl.doe.gov;
allen.smith@srnl.doe.gov; paul.blanton@srnl.doe.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 523
EP 530
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000069
ER
PT B
AU Blanton, PS
Eberl, KR
Mann, PT
AF Blanton, Paul S.
Eberl, Kurt R.
Mann, Paul T.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI A Comparison of Two Thermal Insulation and Structural Materials for use
in Type B Packagings
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB This paper presents the summary of design features and test results of two Type B Shipping Package prototype configurations comprising different insulating materials developed by the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) for the Department of Energy. The materials evaluated, a closed-cell polyurethane foam and a vacuformed ceramic fiber material, were selected to provide adequate structural protection to the package containment vessel during Normal Conditions of Transport (NCT) and Hypothetical Accident Condition (HAC) events and to provide thermal protection during the HAC fire. Polyurethane foam has been used in shipping package designs for many years because of the stiffness it provides to the structure and because of the thermal protection it provides during fire scenarios. This comparison describes how ceramic fiber material offers an alternative to the polyurethane foam in a specific overpack design. Because of the high operating temperature (similar to 2,300 degrees F) of the ceramic material, it allows for contents with higher heat loads to be shipped than is possible with polyurethane foam. Methods of manufacturing and design considerations using the two materials will be addressed.
C1 [Blanton, Paul S.; Eberl, Kurt R.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Blanton, PS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM paul.blanton@srnl.doe.gov; kurt.eberl@srnl.doe.gov; pmann@doeal.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 543
EP 550
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000071
ER
PT B
AU Trapp, DJ
AF Trapp, Donald J.
BE Bajwa, CS
Bezdikian, G
Brumovsky, M
Cheta, A
Ezekoye, I
Gupta, N
May, C
Sanwarwala, M
Shah, VN
Shoji, Y
TI PRESHIPMENT LEAK TESTING OF 9977 CONTAINMENT VESSELS WITH THE TM
ELECTRONICS SOLUTION MODEL S1A-L2-V LEAK TESTER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
7
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is replacing its 6M nuclear shipping fleet with 9977 shipping packages, which were designed by Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL). The new packages require PNNL to perform a preshipment leak test on the lid seals of the containment vessel before the package is shipped on public roads. Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) developed a preshipment leak test using a TM Electronics Solution leak tester for PNNL. The Solution is an automatic vacuum leak tester that uses the Gas Pressure Rise leak test method to check the O-ring lid seals and the test port plug seal. The two tests take three minutes each to perform. Because the Solution is fully automatic, the leak test can be done by operators after a few hours of training. This paper describes the test equipment and the testing sequence.
C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Trapp, DJ (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM donald.trapp@srnl.doe.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4926-2
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 573
EP 577
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVG80
UT WOS:000291502000075
ER
PT B
AU Spears, RE
AF Spears, R. E.
GP ASME
TI METHOD FOR GENERATING DESIGN EARTHQUAKE TIME HISTORIES WITH AN EMPHASIS
ON MAINTAINING PHASING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
8
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB A method has been developed which takes a seed earthquake time history and modifies it to produce a time-history with a given design response spectrum. It is a multistep process with an emphasis on maintaining phasing during the strong motion duration. Initially, the seed earthquake time history is broken into a series of separate time histories which added together produce the original time history. Each separate time history is drift corrected using modifications only outside the strong motion duration of the seed earthquake time history. This allows the separate time histories to be individually scaled to improve the response spectrum match while the phase of the motion during the strong motion duration remains unchanged. To further improve the design response spectrum match, low cycle, low energy waves are added. This is primarily to control the response at higher frequency. These waves are tuned to improve the response at existing peaks.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Spears, RE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
EM Robert.Spears@inl.gov
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4927-9
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 69
EP 78
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVH47
UT WOS:000291568000007
ER
PT B
AU Houston, TW
Mertz, GE
Costantino, MC
Costantino, CJ
AF Houston, Thomas W.
Mertz, Greg E.
Costantino, Michael C.
Costantino, Carl J.
GP ASME
TI INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF SEED RECORD SELECTION ON STRUCTURAL
RESPONSE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
8
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Time history records are typically used to define the seismic demand for critical structures for which soil structure interaction (SSI) analyses are often required. Criteria for the development of time histories is provided in ASCE 43-05. The time histories are based on a close fit of 5% damped target response spectra. Recent experience has demonstrated that for cases where the transfer functions associated with the structural response are narrow, the ASCE 43-05 criteria can under-predict peak spectral responses in the structure by as much as 70% in some frequency ranges. One potential solution for this issue is to reinstate requirements for matching target response spectra for multiple damping levels to ASCE 43-05 criteria. However, recent probabilistic seismic hazard analyses (PSHA) do not generally contain spectra for multiple damping levels. This paper proposes an approach to generate target spectra at multiple damping levels, given the 5% damped target spectrum provided by the PSHA, utilizing catalogs of recorded earthquakes. The process of fitting time histories to multiple damped spectra is effective in correcting defficiencies observed in the computed structural response when time histories meeting the ASCE 43-05 fitting criteria are used.
C1 [Houston, Thomas W.; Mertz, Greg E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Seism Risk Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Houston, TW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Seism Risk Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM thouston@lanl.gov; mike@cjcassoc.com; carl@cjcassoc.com
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4927-9
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 123
EP 133
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVH47
UT WOS:000291568000013
ER
PT B
AU Nie, J
Morante, RJ
Hofmayer, CH
Ali, SA
AF Nie, Jinsuo
Morante, Richard J.
Hofmayer, Charles H.
Ali, Syed A.
GP ASME
TI ASSESSING EQUIVALENT VISCOUS DAMPING USING PIPING SYSTEM TEST RESULTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
8
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The specification of damping for nuclear piping systems subject to seismic-induced motions has been the subject of many studies and much controversy. Damping estimation based on test data can be influenced by numerous factors, consequently leading to considerable scatter in damping estimates in the literature. At present, nuclear industry recommendations and nuclear regulatory guidance are not consistent on the treatment of damping for analysis of nuclear piping systems. Therefore, there is still a need to develop a more complete and consistent technical basis for specification of appropriate damping values for use in design and analysis. This paper summarizes the results of recent damping studies conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
C1 [Nie, Jinsuo; Morante, Richard J.; Hofmayer, Charles H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nie, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jnie@bnl.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4927-9
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 249
EP 255
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVH47
UT WOS:000291568000027
ER
PT B
AU Nie, J
Morante, RJ
Miranda, MJ
Braverman, JI
AF Nie, Jinsuo
Morante, Richard J.
Miranda, Manuel J.
Braverman, Joseph I.
GP ASME
TI ON THE CORRECT APPLICATION OF THE 100-40-40 RULE FOR COMBINING RESPONSES
DUE TO THREE DIRECTIONS OF EARTHQUAKE LOADING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
8
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID COMBINATION RULES; SEISMIC ANALYSIS; ENVELOPES; VECTORS
AB The 100-40-40 rule is often used with the response spectrum analysis method to determine the maximum seismic responses from structural responses resulting from the three spatial earthquake components. This rule has been referenced in several recent Design Certification applications of nuclear power plants, and appears to be gaining in popularity. However, this rule is described differently in ASCE 4-98 and Regulatory Guide 1.92, consequently causing confusion on correct implementation of this rule in practice. The square root of the sum of the squares method is another acceptable spatial combination method and was used to justify the adequacy of the 100-40-40 rule during the development of the Regulatory Guide 1.92. The 100-40-40 rule, when applied correctly, is almost always conservative compared to the SRSS method, and is only slightly unconservative in rare cases. The purpose of this paper is to describe in detail the proper application of the 100-40-40 rule, as prescribed in ASCE 4-98 and in Regulatory Guide 1.92, and to clarify the confusion caused by the two different formats of this rule.
C1 [Nie, Jinsuo; Morante, Richard J.; Miranda, Manuel J.; Braverman, Joseph I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nie, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jnie@bnl.gov
RI Miranda, Manuel/G-8008-2012
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4927-9
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 257
EP 262
PG 6
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVH47
UT WOS:000291568000028
ER
PT B
AU Braverman, J
Morante, R
Hofmayer, C
Roche-Rivera, R
Pires, J
AF Braverman, Joseph
Morante, Richard
Hofmayer, Charles
Roche-Rivera, Robert
Pires, Jose
GP ASME
TI DEMONSTRATING STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CONTAINMENT
STRUCTURES FOR BEYOND DESIGN-BASIS PRESSURE LOADINGS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
8
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Demonstrating the structural integrity of U.S. nuclear power plant (NPP) containment structures, for beyond design-basis internal pressure loadings, is necessary to satisfy Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) requirements and performance goals. This paper discusses methods for demonstrating the structural adequacy of the containment for beyond design-basis pressure loadings. Three distinct evaluations are addressed: (1) estimating the ultimate pressure capacity of the containment structure (10 CFR 50 [1] and US NRC Standard Review Plan, Section 3.8) [2]; (2) demonstrating the structural adequacy of the containment subjected to pressure loadings associated with combustible gas generation (10 CFR 52 [3] and 10 CFR 50 [1]); and (3) demonstrating the containment structural integrity for severe accidents (10 CFR 52 [3] as well as SECY 90-016 [4], SECY 93-087 [5], and related NRC staff requirements memoranda (SRMs)). The paper describes the technical basis for specific aspects of the methods presented. It also presents examples of past issues identified in licensing activities related to these evaluations.
C1 [Braverman, Joseph; Morante, Richard; Hofmayer, Charles] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Braverman, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4927-9
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 263
EP 270
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVH47
UT WOS:000291568000029
ER
PT B
AU Nanstad, RK
Odette, GR
Sokolov, MA
AF Nanstad, Randy K.
Odette, G. Robert
Sokolov, Mikhail A.
GP ASME
TI ENSURING THE PERFORMANCE OF NUCLEAR REACTOR PRESSURE VESSELS FOR
LONG-TIME SERVICE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
9
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Structural integrity of the reactor pressure vessel is a critical element in demonstrating the capability of light water reactors for operation to at least 80 y. The Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program Plan is a collaborative program between the U.S. Department of Energy and the private sector directed at extending the life of the present generation of nuclear power plants to enable such long-time operation. Given that the current generation of light water reactors were intended to operate for 40 y, there are significant issues that need to be addressed to reduce the uncertainties in regulatory application. The neutron dose to the vessel will at least double, and the database for such high dose levels under the low flux conditions in the vessel is nonexistent. Associated with this factor are uncertainties regarding flux effects, effects of relatively high nickel content, uncertainties regarding application of fracture mechanics, thermal annealing and reirradiation. The issue of high neutron fluence/long irradiation times and flux effects is the highest priority. Both data and mechanistic understanding are needed to enable accurate, reliable embrittlement predictions at high fluences. This paper discusses the major issues associated with long-time operation of existing RPVs, the LWRSP plans to address those issues, and recent relevant results.
C1 [Nanstad, Randy K.; Sokolov, Mikhail A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Nanstad, RK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4928-6
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 125
EP 133
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science;
Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVH46
UT WOS:000291567000021
ER
PT B
AU Bond, LJ
AF Bond, Leonard J.
GP ASME
TI MOVING BEYOND NDE TO PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MATERIALS DEGRADATION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE 2010, VOL
9
SE PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference
CY JUL 18-22, 2010
CL Bellevue, WA
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID PROGNOSTICS
AB There is growing interest in life extensions to enable longer term operation (LTO) for both existing nuclear power plants (NPPs) and proposed new NPPs. In order to justify an initial license extension for the 40-60 year period, new non-destructive examination (NDE) approaches have been developed and deployed by NPP operators in their Aging Management Programs (AMPs). However, to achieve the goals of even longer term operation, and specifically for the USA in looking at methodologies to support subsequent license renewal periods (i.e., 60-80 years, and beyond), it is necessary to understand the capabilities of current NDE methods to detect, monitor and trend degradation and hence enable timely implementation of appropriate corrective actions. This paper discusses insights from past experience, the state-of-the-art, and current activities in the move towards providing a capacity for proactive management of materials degradation (PMMD) to support NPP LTO.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bond, LJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM leonard.bond@pnl.gov
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4928-6
J9 PRES VES P
PY 2010
BP 205
EP 214
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science;
Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BVH46
UT WOS:000291567000034
ER
PT B
AU Wang, JJA
Liu, KC
Naus, D
AF Wang, John Jy-An
Liu, Ken C.
Naus, Dan
BE Rudland, DL
TI A NEW TEST METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE STRENGTH AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF
CEMENT MORTAR AND CONCRETE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE fracture toughness; torsion testing; spiral groove; miniature specimen;
mixed-modes fracture; graphite; carbon; composites; mortar
ID ENERGY
AB The Spiral Notch Torsion Fracture Toughness Test (SNTT) was developed recently to determine the intrinsic fracture toughness (K-IC) of structural materials. The SNTT system operates by applying pure torsion to uniform cylindrical specimens with a notch line that spirals around the specimen at a 45 degrees pitch. K-IC values are obtained with the aid of an in-house developed three-dimensional finite-element computer code, TOR3D-KIC. The SNTT method is uniquely suitable for testing a wide variety of materials used extensively in pressure vessel and piping structural components and weldments. Application of the method to metallic, ceramic, and graphite materials has been demonstrated. One important characteristic of SNTT is that neither a fatigue precrack nor a deep notch are required for the evaluation of brittle materials, which significantly reduces the sample size requirement. In this paper we report results for a Portland cement-based mortar to demonstrate applicability of the SNTT method to cementitious materials. The estimated K-IC of the tested mortar samples with compressive strength of 34.45 MPa was found to be 0.19 MPa root m.
C1 [Wang, John Jy-An; Liu, Ken C.; Naus, Dan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wang, JJA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM Wangja@ornl.gov
OI Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 13
EP 19
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700003
ER
PT B
AU Lam, PS
Zapp, PE
Duffey, JM
Dunn, KA
AF Lam, P. S.
Zapp, P. E.
Duffey, J. M.
Dunn, K. A.
BE Rudland, DL
TI STRESS CORROSION CRACKING IN TEAR DROP SPECIMENS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 304L stainless steel used to construct the containment vessels for the storage of plutonium-bearing materials. The tear drop corrosion specimens each with an autogenous weld in the center were placed in contact with moist plutonium oxide and chloride salt mixtures. Cracking was found in two of the specimens in the heat affected zone (HAZ) at the apex area. Finite element analysis was performed to simulate the specimen fabrication for determining the internal stress which caused SCC to occur. It was found that the tensile stress at the crack initiation site was about 30% lower than the highest stress which had been shifted to the shoulders of the specimen due to the specimen fabrication process. This finding appears to indicate that the SCC initiation took place in favor of the possibly weaker weld/base metal interface at a sufficiently high level of background stress. The base material, even subject to a higher tensile stress, was not cracked. The relieving of tensile stress due to SCC initiation and growth in the HAZ and the weld might have foreclosed the potential for cracking at the specimen shoulders where higher stress was found.
C1 [Lam, P. S.; Zapp, P. E.; Duffey, J. M.; Dunn, K. A.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Lam, PS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 121
EP 128
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700014
ER
PT B
AU Choi, KS
Pan, J
AF Choi, K. S.
Pan, J.
BE Rudland, DL
TI AN ANISOTROPIC HARDENING RULE WITH NON-ASSOCIATED FLOW RULE FOR
PRESSURE-SENSITIVE MATERIALS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
DE anisotropic hardening rule; pressure-sensitive materials; cyclic
loading; non-associated flow rule; hysteresis loop
ID GREY CAST-IRON; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; YIELD CRITERION; METALS;
SIMULATION; STRESS; MODEL
AB In this paper, cyclic plastic behaviors of pressure-sensitive materials based on an anisotropic hardening rule with two non-associated flow rules are examined. The Drucker-Prager pressure-sensitive yield function and the Mises plastic potential function are adopted to explore the cyclic plastic behaviors of pressure-sensitive materials or strength-differential materials. The constitutive relations are formulated for the initial loading and unloading/reloading processes based on the anisotropic hardening rule of Choi and Pan [1]. Non-associated flow rules are employed to derive closed-form stress-plastic strain relations under uniaxial cyclic loading conditions. The stress-plastic strain curves based on a conventional non-associated flow rule do not close, and show a significant ratcheting under uniaxial cyclic loading conditions. A new non-conventional non-associated flow rule is then formulated based on observed nearly closed hysteresis loops of pressure-sensitive materials. The stress-plastic strain curves based on the non-conventional non-associated flow rule show closed hysteresis loops under uniaxial cyclic loading conditions. The results indicate that the anisotropic hardening rule with the non-conventional non-associated flow rule describes well the strength-differential effect and the asymmetric closed hysteresis loops as observed in the uniaxial cyclic loading tests of pressure-sensitive materials.
C1 [Choi, K. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Choi, KS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 159
EP 166
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700019
ER
PT B
AU Duncan, AJ
Adams, TM
Lam, PS
AF Duncan, Andrew J.
Adams, Thad M.
Lam, Poh-Sang
BE Rudland, DL
TI FRACTURE PROPERTY TESTING OF CARBON STEEL IN HIGH PRESSURE HYDROGEN
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB An infrastructure of new and existing pipelines and systems will be required to carry and to deliver hydrogen as an alternative energy source to meet the energy demands of the future. Carbon and low alloy steels of moderate strength are currently used in hydrogen delivery systems as well as in the existing natural gas systems. It is critical to understand the material response of these standard pipeline materials when they are subjected to pressurized hydrogen environments. The methods and results from a testing program to quantify hydrogen effects on mechanical properties of carbon steel pipeline and pipeline weld materials are provided. Fracture toughness testing has been performed for one type of steel pipe material (A106 Grade B) in base metal, welded and heat affected zone conditions. C-shaped specimens were tested at room temperature in air and high pressure (102 ATM) hydrogen. A marked reduction in J(Q) was documented for both the base metal and HAZ metal tested in hydrogen. The results compliment a previous study on tensile properties of A106 Grade B material in high pressure hydrogen and are envisioned to be part of the basis for construction codes and structural integrity demonstrations of piping and pipelines for hydrogen service.
C1 [Duncan, Andrew J.; Adams, Thad M.; Lam, Poh-Sang] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Duncan, AJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 225
EP 231
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700027
ER
PT B
AU Morgan, MJ
Chapman, GK
AF Morgan, Michael J.
Chapman, Glenn K.
BE Rudland, DL
TI Hydrogen Effects on Fracture Toughness of Type 316L Stainless Steel from
175 K to 425 K
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB The effects of hydrogen on the fracture-toughness properties of Type 316L stainless steel from 175 K to 425 K were measured. Fracture-toughness samples were fabricated from Type 316L stainless steel forgings and hydrogen-charged with hydrogen at 34 MPa and 623 K for two weeks prior to testing. The effect of hydrogen on the J-Integral vs. crack extension behavior was measured at various temperatures by fracturing non-charged and hydrogen-charged samples in an environmental chamber. Hydrogen-charged steels had lower toughness values than non-charged ones, but still retained good toughness properties. The fracture-toughness values of hydrogen-charged samples tested near ambient temperature were about 70 % of non-charged values. For hydrogen-charged samples tested at 225 K and 425 K, the fracture-toughness values were 50% of the non-charged values. In all cases, fracture occurred by microvoid nucleation and coalescence, although the hydrogen-charged samples had smaller and more closely spaced microvoids. The results suggest that hydrogen effects on toughness are greater at 225 K than they are at ambient temperature because of strain-induced martensite formation. At 425 K, the hydrogen effects on toughness are greater than they are at ambient temperature because of the higher mobility of hydrogen.
C1 [Morgan, Michael J.; Chapman, Glenn K.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Morgan, MJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 233
EP 241
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700028
ER
PT B
AU Wiersma, BJ
Elder, JB
VandeKamp, RW
McKeel, CA
AF Wiersma, Bruce J.
Elder, James B.
VandeKamp, Rodney W.
McKeel, Charles A.
BE Rudland, DL
TI FITNESS-FOR-SERVICE ASSESSMENT FOR A RADIOACTIVE WASTE TANK THAT
CONTAINS STRESS CORROSION CRACKS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Radioactive wastes are confined in 49 underground storage tanks at the Savannah River Site. The tanks are examined by ultrasonic (UT) methods for thinning, pitting, and stress corrosion cracking in order to assess fitness-for-service. During an inspection in 2002, ten cracks were identified on one of the tanks. Given the location of the cracks (i.e., adjacent to welds, weld attachments, and weld repairs), fabrication details (e.g., this tank was not stress-relieved), and the service history the degradation mechanism was stress corrosion cracking. Crack instability calculations utilizing API-579 guidance were performed to show that the combination of expected future service condition hydrostatic and tensile weld residual stresses do not drive any of the identified cracks to instability.
The cracks were re-inspected in 2007 to determine if crack growth had occurred. During this re-examination, one indication that was initially reported as a "possible perpendicular crack <25% through wall" in 2002, was clearly shown not to be a crack. Additionally, examination of a new area immediately adjacent to other cracks along a vertical weld revealed three new cracks. It is not known when these new cracks formed as they could very well have been present in 2002 as well. Therefore, a total of twelve cracks were evaluated during the re-examination.
Comparison of the crack lengths measured in 2002 and 2007 revealed that crack growth had occurred in four of the nine previously measured cracks. The crack length extension ranged from 0.25 to 1.8 inches. However, in all cases the cracks still remained within the tensile weld residual stress zone (i.e., within two to three inches of the weld). The impact of the cracks that grew on the future service of Tank 15 was reassessed. API-579 crack instability calculations were again performed based on expected future service conditions and trended crack growth rates for the future tank service cycle. The analysis showed that the combined hydrostatic and tensile weld residual stresses do not drive the identified cracks to instability.
This tank expected to be decommissioned in the near future. However, if these plans are delayed, it was recommended that a third examination of selected cracks in the tank be performed in 2014.
C1 [Wiersma, Bruce J.; Elder, James B.; VandeKamp, Rodney W.; McKeel, Charles A.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Wiersma, BJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 745
EP 750
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700078
ER
PT B
AU Feng, ZL
Steel, R
Packer, S
David, SA
AF Feng, Zhili
Steel, Russell
Packer, Scott
David, Stan A.
BE Rudland, DL
TI FRICTION STIR WELDING OF API GARDE 65 STEEL PIPES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB Friction stir welding (FSW), a novel solid-state joining process, was applied to girth weld API 5L Grade 65 steel pipes with an outer diameter of 12.75 '' (324 mm) and a wall thickness of 0.25 '' (6.35 mm). Fully consolidated single pass butt welds were obtained using a specially designed mechanized portable FSW system suitable for on-site pipe construction welding. The friction stir girth weld shows a slightly overmatched strength and superior impact toughness in comparison with the base metal, a very desirable combination of properties for pipeline weld that can be attributed to the wrought microstructure with refined grains in the stir zone (SZ), the thermal-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and the heat-affected zone (HAZ).
C1 [Feng, Zhili; David, Stan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Feng, ZL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM fengz@ornl.gov; scott@advmp.com; rsteel@smith.com; davidsa1@ornl.gov
RI Feng, Zhili/H-9382-2012
OI Feng, Zhili/0000-0001-6573-7933
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 775
EP 779
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700082
ER
PT B
AU Ren, WJ
AF Ren, Weiju
BE Rudland, DL
TI CONSIDERATIONS OF ALLOY 617 APPLICATION IN THE GEN IV NUCLEAR REACTOR
SYSTEMS - PART I: MECHANICAL PROPERTY CHALLENGES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID LIFE PREDICTION; CREEP-BEHAVIOR
AB Alloy 617 is currently considered as a leading candidate material for high temperature components in the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor Systems. Because of the unprecedented severe working conditions beyond its commercial service experience required by the Gen IV systems, the alloy faces various challenges in both mechanical and metallurgical properties. This paper, as Part I of the discussion, is focused on the challenges and issues in the mechanical properties of Alloy 617 for the intended nuclear application. Considerations are given in details in its mechanical property data scatter, low creep strength in the desired high temperature range, lack of long-term creep curves, high loading rate dependency, and preponderant tertiary creep. Some research and development activities are suggested with discussions on their viability to satisfy the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor Systems needs in near future and in the long run.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ren, WJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, MS 6155,Bldg 4500-S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM renw@ornl.gov
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 781
EP 794
PG 14
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700083
ER
PT B
AU Sokolov, MA
AF Sokolov, Mikhail A.
BE Rudland, DL
TI ESTIMATION OF CRACK-ARREST TOUGHNESS TRANSITION AND NDT TEMPERATURES
FROM CHARPY FORCE-DISPLACEMENT IMPACT TRACES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB A force-displacement trace of a Charpy impact test of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel in the transition range has a characteristic point, the so-called "force at the end of unstable crack propagation", F-a. A two-parameter Weibull probability function is used to model the distribution of the F-a in Charpy tests performed at ORNL on different RPV steels in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions. These data have a good replication at a given test temperature, thus, the statistical analysis was applicable. It is shown that when temperature is normalized to T-NDT (T-T-NDT) or to T-100a (T-T-100a), the median F-a values of different RPV steels have a tendency to form the same shape of temperature dependence. Depending on normalization temperature, T-NDT or T-100a, it suggests a universal shape of the temperature dependence of F-a for different RPV steels. The best fits for these temperature dependencies are presented. These dependencies are suggested for use in estimation of NDT or T-100a from randomly generated Charpy impact tests. The maximum likelihood method is used to derive equations to estimate T-NDT and T-100a from randomly generated Charpy impact tests.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 811
EP 815
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700086
ER
PT B
AU Ren, WJ
AF Ren, Weiju
BE Rudland, DL
TI CONSIDERATIONS OF ALLOY 617 APPLICATION IN THE GEN IV NUCLEAR REACTOR
SYSTEMS - PART II: METALLURGICAL PROPERTY CHALLENGES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; BEHAVIOR; CREEP
AB Alloy 617 is currently considered as a leading candidate material for high temperature components in the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor Systems. Because of the unprecedented severe working conditions beyond its commercial service experience required by the Gen IV systems, the alloy faces various challenges in both mechanical and metallurgical properties. Following a previous paper discussing the mechanical property challenges, this paper is focused on the challenges and issues in metallurgical properties of the alloy for the intended nuclear application. Considerations are given in details about its metallurgical stability and aging evolution, aging effects on mechanical properties, potential Co hazard, and internal oxidation. Some research and development activities are suggested with discussions on viability to satisfy the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor System needs.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ren, WJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, MS 6155,Bldg 4500-S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM renw@ornl.gov
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 831
EP 843
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700089
ER
PT B
AU Ren, WJ
Cebon, D
Arnold, SM
AF Ren, Weiju
Cebon, David
Arnold, Steven M.
BE Rudland, DL
TI EFFECTIVE MATERIALS PROPERTY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FOR THE 21(ST)
CENTURY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING CONFERENCE, VOL 6,
PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the
American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP ASME, Pressure Vessels & Piping Div
AB This paper discusses key principles for the development of materials property information management software systems. There are growing needs for automated materials information management in various organizations. In part these are fuelled by the demands for higher efficiency in material testing, product design and engineering analysis. But equally important, organizations are being driven by the need for consistency, quality and traceability of data, as well as control of access to sensitive information such as proprietary data. Further, the use of increasingly sophisticated nonlinear, anisotropic and multi-scale engineering analyses requires both processing of large volumes of test data for development of constitutive models and complex materials data input for Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) software. And finally, the globalization of economy often generates great needs for sharing a single "gold source" of materials information between members of global engineering teams in extended supply-chains.
Fortunately, material property management systems have kept pace with the growing user demands and evolved to versatile data management systems that can be customized to specific user needs. The more sophisticated of these provide facilities for: (i) data management functions such as access, version, and quality controls; (ii) a wide range of data import, export and analysis capabilities; (iii) data "pedigree" traceability mechanisms; (iv) data searching, reporting and viewing tools; and (v) access to the information via a wide range of interfaces.
In this paper the important requirements for advanced material data management systems, future challenges and opportunities such as automated error checking, data quality characterization, identification of gaps in datasets, as well as functionalities and business models to fuel database growth and maintenance are discussed.
C1 [Ren, Weiju] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ren, WJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS-6155,Bldg 4500-S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM renw@ornl.gov; dc@eng.cam.ac.uk; Steven.M.Arnold@nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4369-7
PY 2010
BP 1551
EP 1560
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPZ06
UT WOS:000280407700165
ER
PT B
AU Lorenzo-Martin, C
Ajayi, OO
Lee, J
Polycarpou, AA
AF Lorenzo-Martin, C.
Ajayi, O. O.
Lee, JungKyu
Polycarpou, Andreas A.
GP ASME
TI Frictional Behavior of Boundary Lubricated Contacts - Effect of
Tribochemical Surface Films
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/STLE INTERNATIONAL JOINT TRIBOLOGY CONFERENCE -
2009
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME/STLE International Joint Tribology Conference
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Memphis, TN
SP ASME, Tribol Div, Soc Tribol & Lubricat Engineers
AB The friction characteristics of lubricated contacts are usually determined by the shearing of three interfacial structural elements; namely lubricant fluid film, tribochemical reaction films and the near-surface materials. The shear behavior of the fluid film components of lubrication can be adequately described by either the hydrodynamic, or elastohydrodynamic theories and calculations. The shear behavior of the near surface materials can also be approximated by contact mechanics. However, due to the complexity and lack of adequate information, description and analysis of the tribochemical film contributions to frictional behavior is more challenging. In this study we present evaluation of the friction behavior of a lubricated contact as a function of tribological test duration, as the tribochemical surface films were being formed. Tests were conducted with two different formulated lubricants, in addition to an unformulated PAO basestock lubricant. One of the formulated lubricants consists of PAO synthetic basestock with 2.5% each of ZDDP and MoDTC additives. The other formulated lubricant is a fully formulated commercial gear oil with similar viscosity. During the friction tests in a fully flooded reciprocating sliding roller-on-flat contact configuration, the friction coefficient decreased exponentially as the tribochemical films were formed; highlighting the impact of boundary films on friction. In the test with the basestock fluid, the friction remained constant for the duration of the test; although an oxide layer was formed. Nanoindentation hardness and modulus measurements were conducted on two of the tribochemical films to measure their mechanical properties and the consequent impact on measured friction during testing.
C1 [Lorenzo-Martin, C.; Ajayi, O. O.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lorenzo-Martin, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4895-1
PY 2010
BP 79
EP 81
PG 3
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQZ49
UT WOS:000282210200021
ER
PT B
AU Blau, PJ
Jolly, BC
AF Blau, Peter J.
Jolly, Brian C.
GP ASME
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-TEMPERATURE REPETITIVE-IMPACT APPARATUS FOR
EXHAUST VALVE MATERIAL TESTING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/STLE INTERNATIONAL JOINT TRIBOLOGY CONFERENCE -
2009
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME/STLE International Joint Tribology Conference
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Memphis, TN
SP ASME, Tribol Div, Soc Tribol & Lubricat Engineers
AB Some types of mating parts, such as exhaust valves and seats in diesel engines, must perform at elevated temperatures and in oxidizing environments, while at the same time resisting the effects of repetitive impacts and interfacial slip. The wear that takes place under such situations is the net result of a complex process that involves plastic deformation, tangential shear, and oxidation. Tribolayers form, are removed, and reform. An apparatus was designed to simulate the key aspects of elevated temperature wear of exhaust valves. Three degrees of motion: impact, slip, and rotation were taken into account. Two different test geometries were developed: (a) inclined cylindrical pins striking rounded corners, and (b) actual exhaust valve sealing surfaces striking the edges of flat blocks. The features of the high-temperature repetitive impact device are described, and examples of the wear scars produced by the two test configurations are presented.
C1 [Blau, Peter J.; Jolly, Brian C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Blau, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4895-1
PY 2010
BP 221
EP 223
PG 3
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQZ49
UT WOS:000282210200057
ER
PT B
AU Smith, KO
Therkelsen, PL
Littlejohn, D
Ali, S
Cheng, RK
AF Smith, Kenneth O.
Therkelsen, Peter L.
Littlejohn, David
Ali, Sy
Cheng, Robert K.
GP ASME
TI CONCEPTUAL STUDIES OF A FUEL-FLEXIBLE LOW-SWIRL COMBUSTION SYSTEM FOR
THE GAS TURBINE IN CLEAN COAL POWER PLANTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
DE Syngas; DLN; IGCC
AB This paper reports the results of preliminary analyses that show the feasibility of developing a fuel flexible (natural gas, syngas and high-hydrogen fuel) combustion system for IGCC gas turbines. Of particular interest is the use of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's DLN low swirl combustion technology as the basis for the IGCC turbine combustor. Conceptual designs of the combustion system and the requirements for the fuel handling and delivery circuits are discussed.
The analyses show the feasibility of a multi-fuel, utility-sized, LSI-based, gas turbine engine. A conceptual design of the fuel injection system shows that dual parallel fuel circuits can provide range of gas turbine operation in a configuration consistent with low pollutant emissions. Additionally, several issues and challenges associated with the development of such a system, such as flashback and auto-ignition of the high-hydrogen fuels, are outlined.
C1 [Smith, Kenneth O.; Therkelsen, Peter L.; Littlejohn, David; Ali, Sy; Cheng, Robert K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Smith, KO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rkcheng@lbl.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 669
EP 675
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000064
ER
PT B
AU Maziasz, PJ
Pint, BA
AF Maziasz, Philip J.
Pint, Bruce A.
GP ASME
TI HIGH TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE OF CAST CF8C-PLUS AUSTENITIC STAINLESS
STEEL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID WATER-VAPOR; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; ALLOYS
AB Covers and casings of small to medium size gas turbines, can be made from cast austenitic stainless steels, including grades such as CF8C, CF3M, or CF10M. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Caterpillar have developed a new cast austenitic stainless steel, CF8C-Plus, that is a fully-austenitic stainless steel, based on additions of Mn and N to the standard Nb-stabilized CF8C steel grade. The Mn addition improves castability, as well as increasing the alloy solubility for N, and both Mn and N act synergistically to boost mechanical properties. CF8C-Plus steel has outstanding creep-resistance at 600 degrees-900 degrees C, which compares well with Ni-based superalloys like alloys X, 625, 617 and 230. CF8C-Plus also has very good fatigue and thermal fatigue resistance. It is used in the as-cast condition, with no additional heat-treatments. While commercial success for CF8C-Plus has been mainly for diesel exhaust components, this steel can also be considered for gasturbine and microturbine casings. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate some of the mechanical properties and update the long-term creep-rupture data, and to present new data on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of these materials, particularly in the presence of water vapor.
C1 [Maziasz, Philip J.; Pint, Bruce A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Maziasz, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM pintba@ornl.gov
RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008;
OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 997
EP 1003
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000098
ER
PT B
AU Alvin, MA
AF Alvin, M. A.
GP ASME
TI MATERIALS AND COMPONENT DEVELOPMENT FOR ADVANCED TURBINE SYSTEMS -
PROJECT SUMMARY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Future hydrogen-fired or oxy-fuel turbines will likely experience an enormous level of thermal and mechanical loading, as turbine inlet temperatures (TIT) approach similar to 1425-1760 degrees C (similar to 2600-3200 degrees F) with pressures of similar to 300-625 psig, respectively. Maintaining the structural integrity of future turbine components under these extreme conditions will require (1) durable thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), (2) high temperature creep resistant metal substrates, and (3) effective cooling techniques. While advances in substrate materials have been limited for the past decades, thermal protection of turbine airfoils in future hydrogen-fired and oxy-fuel turbines will rely primarily on collective advances in the TBCs and acrothermal cooling.
To support the advanced turbine technology development, the Office of Research and Development (ORD) at National Energy Technology Laboratory (NEIL) has continued its collaborative research efforts with the University of Pittsburgh and West Virginia University, while working in conjunction with commercial material and coating suppliers. This paper presents the technical accomplishments that were made during FY09 in the initial areas of advanced materials, acrothermal heat transfer and non-destructive evaluation techniques for use in advanced land-based turbine applications in the Materials and Component Development for Advanced Turbine Systems project, and introduces three new technology areas - high temperature overlayer coating development, diffusion barrier coating development, and oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy development that are being conducted in this effort.
C1 US DOE Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Alvin, MA (reprint author), US DOE Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 1005
EP 1016
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000099
ER
PT B
AU Cheng, MD
AF Cheng, Meng-Dawn
GP ASME
TI Development and Application of A Membrane-Based Thermodenuder for
Measurement of Volatile Particles Emitted by A Jet Turbine Engine
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID DIESEL EXHAUST; EMISSIONS; AIRCRAFT; FILTER
AB Measurement of volatile particles emitted by modern jet engines is a daunting task. Besides the complexity in sampling jet aircraft exhaust, the main difficulty lies at how to faithfully capture the phase-partition dynamics of volatile particles as they travel downstream from the engine exhaust nozzle. As a result, the physico-chemical properties of the exhaust are also transformed. We have developed a sampling instrument that aims at enabling study of the phase-partition dynamics.
The objective of this research project was to design and evaluate a new thermodenuder for performing phase separation of the engine-emitted volatile particles. The backbone of the new thermodenuder is a thin metallic membrane. The membrane enables extraction of molecules that can be thermally desorbed from the condensed particulate phases and collected for subsequent chemical analysis. Toward realization of the technique in the future field aircraft emissions measurement we tested this new thermo-denuding device using laboratory-generated particles that were made of non-volatile or semi-volatile chemicals.
The particle penetration efficiency, a measure of the device performance, of this thermodenuder was found to be better than 99%. Results obtained from the tests executed at a number of operating temperature conditions show reasonably good thermal separation. We have scheduled to apply this new device to characterize emissions from a 163 turboshaft engine in the spring of 2010 and are expecting to show the engine results at the conference.
The test results based on the laboratory-generated particles were encouraging for the intended application. With excellent particle transmission efficiency and an ability to simultaneously measure the composition in the gas and particle phases of the engine particles, we believe the new technology will make a great contribution to measurement research of engine emissions.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012;
OI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/0000-0003-1407-9576
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 71
EP 75
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200008
ER
PT B
AU Therkelsen, PL
Littlejohn, D
Cheng, RK
Portillo, JE
Martin, SM
AF Therkelsen, Peter L.
Littlejohn, David
Cheng, Robert K.
Portillo, J. Enrique
Martin, Scott M.
GP ASME
TI EFFECT OF COMBUSTOR INLET GEOMETRY ON ACOUSTIC SIGNATURE AND FLOW FIELD
BEHAVIOUR OF THE LOW SWIRL INJECTOR
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
DE DLN; flame instabilities; acoustic model
ID PREMIXED COMBUSTOR; FLAME
AB Low Swirl Injector (LSI) technology is a lean premixed combustion method that is being developed for fuel-flexible gas turbines. The objective of this study is to characterize the fuel effects and influences of combustor geometry on the LSI's overall acoustic signatures and flowfields. The experiments consist of 24 flames at atmospheric condition with bulk flows ranging between 10 and 18 m/s. The flames burn CH(4) (at phi = 0.6 & 0.7) and a blend of 90% H(2) - 10% CH(4) by volume (at phi = 0.35 & 0.4). Two combustor configurations are used, consisting of a cylindrical chamber with and without a divergent quarl at the dump plane. The data consist of pressure spectral distributions at five positions within the system and 2D flowfield information measured by Particle Imaging Velocimetry (Ply). The results show that acoustic oscillations increase with U(0) and phi. However, the levels in the 90% H(2) flames are significantly higher than in the CH(4) flames. For both fuels, the use of the quarl reduces the fluctuating pressures in the combustion chamber by up to a factor of 7. The PIV results suggest this to be a consequence of the quarl restricting the formation of large vortices in the outer shear layer. A Generalized Instability Model (GIM) was applied to analyze the acoustic response of baseline flames for each of the two fuels. The measured frequencies and the stability trends for these two cases are predicted and the triggered acoustic mode shapes identified
C1 [Therkelsen, Peter L.; Littlejohn, David; Cheng, Robert K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Therkelsen, PL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 1183
EP 1194
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200112
ER
PT B
AU Ferguson, D
Ranalli, JA
Strakey, P
AF Ferguson, Don
Ranalli, Joseph A.
Strakey, Peter
GP ASME
TI INFLUENCE OF EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION ON COMBUSTION INSTABILITIES IN
CH4 AND H2/CH4 FUEL MIXTURES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID CAPTURE; FLAME
AB This paper evaluates the impact of two strategies for reducing CO2 emissions on combustion instabilities in lean-premixed combustion. Exhaust gas recirculation can be utilized to increase the concentration of CO2 in the exhaust stream improving the efficiency in the post-combustion separation plant. This coupled with the use of coal derived syngas or hydrogen augmented natural gas can further decrease CO2 levels released into the environment. However, changes in fuel composition have been shown to alter the dynamic response in lean-premixed combustion systems. In this study, a fully premixed, swirl stabilized, atmospheric burner is operated on various blends of H2/CH4 fuels with N2 and CO2 dilution to simulate EGR. Acoustic pressure and velocity, and global heat release measurements were performed at fixed adiabatic flame temperatures to evaluate the impact of fuel composition and dilution on various mechanisms that drive the instabilities.
C1 [Ferguson, Don; Ranalli, Joseph A.; Strakey, Peter] US DOE Morgantown, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Ferguson, D (reprint author), US DOE Morgantown, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 1259
EP 1267
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200118
ER
PT B
AU Pint, BA
Brady, MP
Yamamoto, Y
Santella, ML
Maziasz, PJ
Matthews, WJ
AF Pint, Bruce A.
Brady, Michael P.
Yamamoto, Yukinori
Santella, Michael L.
Maziasz, Philip J.
Matthews, Wendy J.
GP ASME
TI EVALUATION OF ALUMINA-FORMING AUSTENITIC FOIL FOR ADVANCED RECUPERATORS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID FE-CR ALLOYS; STAINLESS-STEELS; WATER-VAPOR; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR;
CREEP-RESISTANT; TEMPERATURE; VOLATILIZATION; TECHNOLOGIES; ADDITIONS;
HEAT
AB A corrosion- and creep-resistant austenitic stainless steel has been developed for advanced recuperator applications. By optimizing the Al and Cr contents, the alloy is fully austenitic for creep strength while allowing the formation of a chemically-stable external alumina scale at temperatures up to 900 degrees C. An alumina scale eliminates long-term problems with the formation of volatile Cr oxy-hydroxides in the presence of water vapor in exhaust gas. As a first step in producing foil for primary surface recuperators, three commercially cast heats have been rolled to similar to 100 mu m thick foil in the laboratory to evaluate performance in creep and oxidation testing. Results from initial creep testing are presented at 675 degrees and 750 degrees C showing excellent creep strength compared to other candidate foil materials. Laboratory exposures in humid air at 650 degrees-800 degrees C have shown acceptable oxidation resistance. Similar oxidation behavior was observed for sheet specimens of these alloys exposed in a modified 65 kW microturbine for 2,871h. One composition that showed superior creep and oxidation resistance has been selected for preparation of a commercial batch of foil.
C1 [Pint, Bruce A.; Brady, Michael P.; Yamamoto, Yukinori; Santella, Michael L.; Maziasz, Philip J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM pintba@ornl.gov
RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008;
OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747;
Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4400-7
PY 2010
BP 487
EP 494
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVA93
UT WOS:000290919900050
ER
PT J
AU Yu, Z
Jaworski, AJ
Backhaus, S
AF Yu, Z.
Jaworski, A. J.
Backhaus, S.
TI A low-cost electricity generator for rural areas using a travelling-wave
looped-tube thermoacoustic engine
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART A-JOURNAL OF
POWER AND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE thermoacoustic engine; electricity generator; travelling wave
AB This article describes the construction and preliminary testing of a pre-prototype thermoacoustic electricity generator to test the concept of a low-cost device for application in remote or rural areas of developing countries. A travelling-wave thermoacoustic engine with a configuration of a looped-tube resonator is designed and constructed to convert heat to acoustic power. Air at atmospheric pressure is used as the working gas, PVC tubing is utilized for the feedback pipe, whereas an inexpensive commercially available loudspeaker is adopted to convert the acoustic power, produced by the engine, to electricity. Preliminary experimental results are presented and discussed in detail. The results show that the approach is feasible in principle and it is possible to produce the electrical power levels in the order of 4-5 W with overall heat-to-electric efficiencies in the order of 1 per cent. Further work towards optimizing the device from the performance, manufacturing, and cost points of view is outlined.
C1 [Yu, Z.; Jaworski, A. J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Backhaus, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Jaworski, AJ (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Sackville St, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM a.jaworski@manchester.ac.uk
RI Backhaus, Scott/F-4285-2012; YU, Zhibin/A-6632-2013;
OI YU, Zhibin/0000-0003-0845-9951; Backhaus, Scott/0000-0002-0344-6791
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK
[EP/E044379/1, GR/T04502/01, GR/T04519/01]
FX The authors acknowledge the support received from the Engineering and
Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK, under grants
EP/E044379/1 (SCORE), GR/T04502/01 (EPSRC Advanced Research Fellowship),
and GR/T04519/01. Other members of the SCORE project are acknowledged
for their comments on the manuscript.
NR 11
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 11
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0957-6509
J9 P I MECH ENG A-J POW
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part A-J. Power Energy
PY 2010
VL 224
IS A6
BP 787
EP 795
DI 10.1243/09576509JPE864
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 649SW
UT WOS:000281794700005
ER
PT J
AU Ibrahim, EA
Szybist, JP
Parks, JE
AF Ibrahim, E. A.
Szybist, J. P.
Parks, J. E.
TI Enhancement of automotive exhaust heat recovery by thermoelectric
devices
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE thermoelectric; automotive; exhaust; heat transfer; energy recovery
ID GENERATOR
AB In an effort to improve automobile fuel economy, an experimental study was undertaken to explore the practical aspects of implementing thermoelectric devices for exhaust gas energy recovery. An experimental apparatus consisting of a hot-side (exhaust gas) rectangular duct and a cold-side (coolant liquid) rectangular duct enclosing six thermoelectric elements has been built and instrumented. Measurements of the thermoelectric voltage output, fluid and surface temperatures, and flowrates were acquired and analysed to investigate the power generation and heat transfer properties of the apparatus. The effects of inserting aluminium wool packing material inside the hot-side duct on augmentation of the heat transfer from the gas stream to duct walls were studied. Data were collected for both the unpacked and the packed cases to allow for deduction of the packing influence on the flow and surface temperatures. The effects of variations in the gas inlet temperature (300 degrees C, 320 degrees C, 340 degrees C, 360 degrees C, 380 degrees C, and 400 degrees C), coolant inlet temperature (40 degrees C, 50 degrees C, 70 degrees C, and 90 degrees C), and gas flowrate (40 sl/min, 60 sl/min, and 80 sl/min) on the thermoelectric power output were examined. The results indicate that thermoelectric power production is increased at higher gas inlet temperatures or flowrates at a fixed coolant temperature. However, thermoelectric power generation decreases with a higher coolant temperature as a consequence of the reduced temperature differential between the hot side and the cold side. For the unpacked hot-side duct, a large temperature difference of up to 140 degrees C existed between the gas and solid surface temperatures owing to poor heat transfer through the gaseous medium. Adding the packing material inside the exhaust duct enhanced heat transfer and hence raised the hot-side duct surface temperature by as much as 30 degrees C and thermoelectric power by up to twofold, compared with the unpacked duct, particularly where the gas-to-surface temperature differential is highest. Therefore, it is recommended that packing of the exhaust duct becomes common practice in thermoelectric waste-energy-harvesting applications.
C1 [Ibrahim, E. A.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Normal, AL 35762 USA.
[Szybist, J. P.; Parks, J. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA.
RP Ibrahim, EA (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 4900 Meridian St, Normal, AL 35762 USA.
EM essam.ibrahim@aamu.edu
RI lee, yunzhu/G-1723-2011
FU Oak Ridge Associated Universities Historically Black Colleges and
Universities; Minority Educational Institutions; Oak Ridge National
Laboratory [L05394]
FX The authors would like to thank the laboratory-directed research and
development programme at Oak Ridge National Laboratory where this work
was performed under Project L05394 'Variable valve actuation to enable
highly efficient engines'.; E. A. Ibrahim would like to express
appreciation of financial support through an Oak Ridge Associated
Universities Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Minority
Educational Institutions Faculty Research Participation Award during his
summer 2009 appointment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee, USA.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 20
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4070
EI 2041-2991
J9 P I MECH ENG D-J AUT
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D-J. Automob. Eng.
PY 2010
VL 224
IS D8
BP 1097
EP 1111
DI 10.1243/09544070JAUTO1438
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Transportation
GA 634TL
UT WOS:000280608200009
ER
PT B
AU Decca, RS
Lopez, D
Osquiguil, E
AF Decca, R. S.
Lopez, D.
Osquiguil, E.
BE Milton, KA
Bordag, M
TI NEW RESULTS FOR THE CASIMIR INTERACTION: SAMPLE CHARACTERIZATION AND LOW
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM FIELD THEORY UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS (QFEXT09)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External
Conditions
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
HO Univ Oklahoma
DE Casimir force; MEMS; Low-temperature measurements
ID FORCE; CONSTRAINTS
AB We describe our latest results in the separation dependence of the Casimir interaction in the sphere-plane geometry for two Au-coated surfaces. All results are obtained by measuring the change in the resonant frequency of a sensitive microelectromechanical torsional oscillator as the separation between the sphere and the plane is changed. By means of the proximity force approximation, the change in resonant frequency yields the Casimir pressure between two parallel plates at the same separation. We present results for a new sample at room temperature, where the dielectric function has been measured in the 190-825 nm range. We show that the results of the Casimir force in this sample and in previous samples are virtually indistinguishable. Furthermore, the observed differences between measured and tabulated optical properties data do not show any effect on the calculation of the Casimir interaction. We also present results of the measurement of the Casimir force between a sphere and a plane at 300, 77, 4.2 and 2.1 K. While low temperature results are noisier than room" temperature ones, precluding a direct exclusion of either the Drude or the plasma model, the average of the measurements coincide at all temperatures.
C1 [Decca, R. S.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Lopez, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Osquiguil, E.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, Lab Bajas Temp, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
RP Decca, RS (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM rdecca@iupui.edu; dlopez@anl.gov; osquigui@cab.cnea.gov.ar
FU NSF [CCF-0508239, PHY-0701236]; LANL [49423-001-07]
FX RSD acknowledges NSF support through grants No. CCF-0508239 and
PHY-0701236, LANL support through contract No. 49423-001-07.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4289-85-6
PY 2010
BP 88
EP 97
PG 10
WC Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA BH0AS
UT WOS:000394477400010
ER
PT B
AU Henkel, C
Intravaia, F
AF Henkel, C.
Intravaia, F.
BE Milton, KA
Bordag, M
TI ON THE CASIMIR ENTROPY BETWEEN "PERFECT CRYSTALS"
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM FIELD THEORY UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS (QFEXT09)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External
Conditions
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
HO Univ Oklahoma
DE Temperature; entropy; dissipation; overdamped mode
ID QUANTIZATION; DIELECTRICS; DISPERSION
AB We give a re-interpretation of an 'entropy defect' in the electromagnetic Casimir effect. The electron gas in a perfect crystal is an electromagnetically disordered system whose entropy contains a finite Casimir-like contribution. The Nernst theorem (third law of thermodynamics) is not applicable.
C1 [Henkel, C.; Intravaia, F.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Intravaia, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Henkel, C (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
EM henkel@uni-potsdam.de
FU European Science Foundation (programme 'New Trends and Applications of
the Casimir Effect'); Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
FX We acknowledge discussions with H. Haakh and support from the European
Science Foundation (programme 'New Trends and Applications of the
Casimir Effect', www.casimir-network.com). F.I. thanks the Alexander von
Humboldt Foundation for financial support.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4289-85-6
PY 2010
BP 270
EP 279
PG 10
WC Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA BH0AS
UT WOS:000394477400032
ER
PT B
AU Mottola, E
AF Mottola, Emil
BE Milton, KA
Bordag, M
TI THE TRACE ANOMALY AND DYNAMICAL VACUUM ENERGY IN COSMOLOGY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM FIELD THEORY UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS (QFEXT09)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External
Conditions
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
HO Univ Oklahoma
DE Vacuum Energy; Trace Anomaly; Cosmological Constant; Dark Energy;
Casimir Effect
ID QUANTUM-GRAVITY; DARK ENERGY; SUPERNOVAE; ELECTRODYNAMICS
AB The trace anomaly of conformal matter implies the existence of massless scalar poles in physical amplitudes involving the stress-energy tensor. These poles may be described by a local effective action with massless scalar fields, which couple to classical sources, contribute to gravitational scattering processes, and can have long range gravitational effects at macroscopic scales. In an effective field theory approach, the effective action of the anomaly is an infrared relevant term that should be added to the Einstein-Hilbert action of classical General Relativity to take account of macroscopic quantum effects. The additional scalar degrees of freedom contained in this effective action may be understood as responsible for both the Casimir effect in flat spacetime and large quantum backreaction effects at the horizon scale of cosmological space times. These effects of the trace anomaly imply that the cosmological vacuum energy is dynamical, and its value depends on macroscopic boundary conditions at the cosmological horizon scale, rather than sensitivity to the extreme ultraviolet Planck scale.
C1 [Mottola, Emil] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mottola, Emil] CERN, PH TH, Theoret Phys Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP Mottola, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM emil@lanl.gov
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4289-85-6
PY 2010
BP 388
EP 407
PG 20
WC Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA BH0AS
UT WOS:000394477400049
ER
PT S
AU Agouzal, A
Danilov, A
Lipnikov, K
Vassilevski, Y
AF Agouzal, A.
Danilov, A.
Lipnikov, K.
Vassilevski, Yu.
BE Topping, BHV
Adam, JM
Pallares, FJ
Bru, R
Romero, ML
TI Advanced Numerical Methods in Mesh Generation and Mesh Adaptation
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING
COMPUTATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
SE Civil-Comp Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology
CY SEP 14-17, 2010
CL Valencia, SPAIN
DE advancing front technique; Delaunay triangulation; mesh adaptation;
tensor metric; quasi-optimal mesh
ID ERROR
AB We describe a synergistic approach, where best properties of various mesh generation methods are combined to build efficiently simplicial meshes. First, the advancing front technique is combined with the Delaunay triangulation to build an initial mesh. Second, the metric-based mesh generation is employed to improve quality of this mesh and/or to adapt it to a problem solution. We describe relevant features of these methods and illustrate them with application examples involving robust mesh generation of complex engineering models and mesh adaptation for minimization of a discretization error.
C1 [Agouzal, A.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Danilov, A.; Vassilevski, Yu.] Inst Numer Math, Moscow, Russia.
[Lipnikov, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Agouzal, A (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-01-00159, 09-01-00115];
Russian Ministry of Education and Science [P1127]
FX This research was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research through grants 08-01-00159, 09-01-00115 and Contract from
Russian Ministry of Education and Science P1127.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CIVIL COMP PRESS
PI EDINBURGH
PA 10 SAXE-COBURG PLACE, EDINBURGH EH3 5BR, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 1759-3433
BN 978-1-905088-41-6
J9 CIVIL-COMP PROCEED
PY 2010
VL 94
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA BG8LP
UT WOS:000392420200058
ER
PT S
AU Quadros, WR
AF Quadros, W. R.
BE Topping, BHV
Adam, JM
Pallares, FJ
Bru, R
Romero, ML
TI Extraction and Applications of Skeletons in Finite Element Mesh
Generation
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING
COMPUTATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
SE Civil-Comp Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology
CY SEP 14-17, 2010
CL Valencia, SPAIN
DE skeleton; medial axis transform; chordal axis transform; mid-surface;
finite element mesh generation
ID SOLID MODELS; COMPUTATION; TRANSFORM; SHAPE
AB This paper focuses on the extraction of skeletons of CAD models and its applications in finite element mesh generation. The term "skeleton of a CAD model" can be visualized as analogous to the "skeleton of a human body". In the last decade, the author has utilized different skeletal representations in all-quad meshing, hex meshing, mid-surface meshing, mesh size function generation, and defeaturing. A brief discussion on the related work from other researchers in the area of tri meshing, tet meshing, and anisotropic meshing is also included. A new skeleton-based method for decomposing geometry that is still under active development is also presented. This paper concludes by summarizing the pros and cons of the skeleton-based approaches in solving many geometry-centred problems in finite element mesh generation.
C1 [Quadros, W. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Quadros, WR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
FU [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CIVIL COMP PRESS
PI EDINBURGH
PA 10 SAXE-COBURG PLACE, EDINBURGH EH3 5BR, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 1759-3433
BN 978-1-905088-41-6
J9 CIVIL-COMP PROCEED
PY 2010
VL 94
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA BG8LP
UT WOS:000392420200057
ER
PT B
AU Bradonjic, M
Elsasser, R
Friedrich, T
Sauerwald, T
Stauffer, A
AF Bradonjic, Milan
Elsasser, Robert
Friedrich, Tobias
Sauerwald, Thomas
Stauffer, Alexandre
GP SIAM/ACM
TI Efficient Broadcast on Random Geometric Graphs
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL ACM-SIAM SYMPOSIUM ON DISCRETE
ALGORITHMS
SE Proceedings in Applied Mathematics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 21st Annual ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms
CY JAN 17-19, 2010
CL Austin, TX
SP ACM, SIAM Activ Grp Discrete Math, SIGACT
ID COVER TIME
AB A Random Geometric Graph (RGG) in two dimensions is constructed by distributing it, nodes independently and uniformly at random in [0, root n](2) and cleating edges between every pan of nodes having Euclidean distance at most r, for sonic prescribed r We analyze the following randomized broadcast algorithm on RGGs At the beginning, only one node horn the largest, connected component of the RGG is informed Then, in each round, each informed node chooses a. neighbor independently and uniformly at random and informs it We prove that with probability 1 - O(n(-1)) this algorithm informs every node in the largest connected component, of an RGG within O(root n/r + log n) rounds This holds for any value of r larger than the critical value for the emergence of a connected component; with Q(n) nodes. In order to wove this result, we show that for any two nodes sufficiently distant from each other in [0, 0712, the length of the shortest path between them in the RGG, when such a path exists, is only a. constant factor larger than the optimum This result has independent, interest and, in particular, gives that the diameter of the largest; connected component of an RGG is circle minus(root n/r), which surprisingly has been an open problem so far
C1 [Bradonjic, Milan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bradonjic, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Stauffer, Alexandre/0000-0001-5278-6787
NR 14
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 1
PU SIAM
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
BN 978-0-898717-01-3
J9 PROC APPL MATH
PY 2010
VL 135
BP 1412
EP 1421
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA BQC64
UT WOS:000280699900114
ER
PT J
AU Bent, R
Berscheid, A
Toole, GL
AF Bent, Russell
Berscheid, Alan
Toole, G. Loren
GP AAAI
TI Transmission Network Expansion Planning with Simulation Optimization
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE (AAAI-10)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
CY JUL 11-15, 2010
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Assoc Advancement Artificial Intelligence
ID DISCREPANCY SEARCH
AB Within the electric power literature the transmission expansion planning problem (TNEP) refers to the problem of how to upgrade an electric power network to meet future demands. As this problem is a complex, non-linear, and non-convex optimization problem, researchers have traditionally focused on approximate models of power flows. Existing approaches are often tightly coupled to the approximation choice. Until recently, these approximations have produced results that are straight-forward to adapt to the more complex (real) problem. However, the power grid is evolving towards a state where the adaptations are no longer easy (e.g. large amounts of limited control, renewable generation) that necessitates new optimization techniques. In this paper, we propose a local search variation of the powerful Limited Discrepancy Search (LDLS) that encapsulates the complexity of power flows in a black box that may be queried for information about the quality of a proposed expansion. This allows the development of a new optimization algorithm that is independent of the underlying power model.
C1 [Bent, Russell; Berscheid, Alan; Toole, G. Loren] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop K488,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bent, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop K488,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD project Optimization and Control
Theory for Smart Grids
FX This work was supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD
project Optimization and Control Theory for Smart Grids. We also
gratefully acknowledge the thoughtful comments of the anonymous
reviewers that helped improve the quality of this presentation.
NR 16
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PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
PI PALO ALTO
PA 2275 E BAYSHORE RD, STE 160, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA
BN 978-1-57735-463-5
PY 2010
BP 21
EP 26
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BG7ZA
UT WOS:000392059700004
ER
PT J
AU Ng, B
Meyers, C
Boakye, K
Nitao, J
AF Ng, Brenda
Meyers, Carol
Boakye, Kofi
Nitao, John
GP AAAI
TI Towards Applying Interactive POMDPs to Real-World Adversary Modeling
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE (AAAI-10)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
CY JUL 11-15, 2010
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Assoc Advancement Artificial Intelligence
AB We examine the suitability of using decision processes to model real-world systems of intelligent adversaries. Decision processes have long been used to study cooperative multi-agent interactions, but their practical applicability to adversarial problems has received minimal study. We address the pros and cons of applying sequential decision-making in this area, using the crime of money laundering as a specific example. Motivated by case studies, we abstract out a model of the money laundering process, using the framework of interactive partially observable Markov decision processes (I-POMDPs). We discuss why this framework is well suited for modeling adversarial interactions. Particle filtering and value iteration are used to solve the model, with the application of different pruning and look-ahead strategies to assess the tradeoffs between solution quality and algorithmic run time. Our results show that there is a large gap in the level of realism that can currently be achieved by such decision models, due to computational demands that limit the size of problems that can be solved. While these results represent solutions to a simplified model of money laundering, they illustrate nonetheless the kinds of agent interactions that cannot be captured by standard approaches such as anomaly detection. This implies that I-POMDP methods may be valuable in the future, when algorithmic capabilities have further evolved.
C1 [Ng, Brenda; Meyers, Carol; Boakye, Kofi; Nitao, John] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Ng, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
(LLNL) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL [09-LW-30]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344, and was supported by LLNL funding for the project
Towards Understanding Higher-Adaptive Systems (09-LW-30). The authors
also wish to thank Prashant Doshi for his helpful advice and starter
source code.
NR 29
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PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
PI PALO ALTO
PA 2275 E BAYSHORE RD, STE 160, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA
BN 978-1-57735-463-5
PY 2010
BP 1814
EP 1820
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BG7ZA
UT WOS:000392059700290
ER
PT B
AU Holmes, SD
AF Holmes, Stephen D.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SUPERCONDUCTING RADIOFREQUENCY LINAC DEVELOPMENT AT FERMILAB
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB As the Fermilab Tevatron Collider program draws to a close, a strategy has emerged of an experimental program built around the high intensity frontier. The centerpiece of this program is a superconducting H- linac that will support world leading programs in long baseline neutrino experimentation and the study of rare processes. Based on technology shared with the International Linear Collider, Project X will provide multi-MW beams at 60-120 GeV from the Main Injector, simultaneous with very high intensity beams at lower energies. Project X also supports development of a Muon Collider as a future facility at the energy frontier.
C1 [Holmes, Stephen D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Holmes, SD (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
FU Fermi Research Alliance
FX Work supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, under contract to the
U.S. Department of Energy
NR 0
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PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 3
EP 10
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800001
ER
PT B
AU Palmer, RB
AF Palmer, R. B.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI MUON COLLIDER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
DE Muon Collider; Ionization Cooling; Acceleration
AB Parameters are given of muon colliders with center of mass energies of 1.5 and 3 TeV. Pion production is from protons on a mercury target. Capture, decay, and phase rotation yields bunch trains of both muon signs. Six dimensional cooling reduces the emittances until the trains are merged into single bunches, one of each sign. Further cooling in 6 dimensions is then applied, followed by final transverse cooling in 50 T solenoids. After acceleration the muons enter the collider ring. Ongoing R&D is discussed.
C1 [Palmer, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11786 USA.
RP Palmer, RB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11786 USA.
EM ab_palmer@bnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-76CH03000]
FX Work supported by US Department of Energy under contracts AC02-98CH10886
and DE-AC02-76CH03000
NR 8
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 31
EP 38
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800004
ER
PT B
AU Geer, S
AF Geer, Steve
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI NEUTRINO FACTORIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
ID MUON; PHYSICS
AB Over the last decade there has been significant progress in developing the concepts and technologies needed to produce, capture and accelerate, O(10(21)) muons/year. This development prepares the way for a new type of neutrino source : a Neutrino Factory. This article reviews the motivation, design and R&D for a Neutrino Factory.
C1 [Geer, Steve] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Geer, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH03000]
FX This work is supported at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
which is operated by the Fermi Research Association, under contract No.
DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 24
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 39
EP 46
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800005
ER
PT B
AU Sheffield, RL
Pitcher, EJ
AF Sheffield, Richard L.
Pitcher, Eric J.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI ADS HISTORY IN THE USA
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Nearly all risks to future generations arising from long-term disposal of used nuclear fuel are attributable to the transuranic elements and long-lived fission products, about 2% of its content. The transuranic elements of concern are plutonium, neptunium, americium, and curium. Long-lived (>100,000-year half-life) isotopes of iodine and technetium are also created by nuclear fission of uranium. We can reduce the problem transuranics through accelerator-based transmutation. Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) have been proposed for over two decades as one technique to transmute used nuclear fuel. This paper covers the history and some new possible applications of accelerator driven systems.
C1 [Sheffield, Richard L.; Pitcher, Eric J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE DO, MS H816, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Sheffield, RL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE DO, MS H816, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 6
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 60
EP 68
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800007
ER
PT B
AU Gudima, KK
Mokhov, NV
Striganov, SI
AF Gudima, K. K.
Mokhov, N. V.
Striganov, S. I.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI KAON YIELDS FOR 2 TO 8 GEV PROTON BEAMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Production rates of kaons and accompanying particles from nuclear targets are modeled with LAQGSM and MARS15 for low-energy proton beams.
C1 [Gudima, K. K.; Mokhov, N. V.; Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Gudima, KK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM mokhov@fnal.gov
FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of
Energy
FX Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 4
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 115
EP 119
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800012
ER
PT B
AU Striganov, SI
AF Striganov, S. I.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PION YIELD STUDIES FOR PROTON DRIVER BEAMS OF 2-8 GeV KINETIC ENERGY FOR
STOPPED MUON AND LOW-ENERGY MUON DECAY EXPERIMENTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
DE pion production; proton-nucleus interaction
AB Energy dependence of slow pion yield in proton-nucleus interactions is analyzed. Experimental data of the HARP collaboration is fitted using two-fireball model with chi(2)/n(d) similar to 1 from 3 to 8 GeV/c. It is shown that low momentum negative pion yield rises almost linearly with proton kinetic energy. Normalized low momentum positive pion yield is larger at lower proton energy.
C1 [Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Striganov, SI (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM striganov@fnal.gov
NR 6
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 120
EP 123
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800013
ER
PT B
AU Mokhov, NV
Rakhno, IL
Striganov, SI
AF Mokhov, N. V.
Rakhno, I. L.
Striganov, S. I.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SIMULATION AND VERIFICATION OF DPA IN MATERIALS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB A recent implementation and verification of consistent modeling of displacements per atom (DPA) in the MARS15 code are described for high-energy particles and heavy ions.
C1 [Mokhov, N. V.; Rakhno, I. L.; Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM mokhov@fnal.gov
FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of
Energy
FX Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 5
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 128
EP 131
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800015
ER
PT B
AU Jaffe, D
Tschirhart, R
AF Jaffe, D.
Tschirhart, R.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PARTICLE PHYSICS ENABLED WITH SUPER-CONDUCTING RF TECHNOLOGY - SUMMARY
OF WORKING GROUP 1
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The summary of working group WG1 exploring the discovery science enabled with SRF technology is given here.
C1 [Jaffe, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Tschirhart, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Jaffe, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 137
EP 142
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800017
ER
PT B
AU Zisman, MS
AF Zisman, Michael S.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PROTON BEAM REQUIREMENTS FOR A NEUTRINO FACTORY AND MUON COLLIDER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Both a Neutrino Factory and a Muon Collider place stringent demands on the proton beam used to generate the desired beam of muons. Here we discuss the advantages and challenges of muon accelerators and the rationale behind the requirements on proton beam energy, intensity, bunch length, and repetition rate. Example proton driver configurations that have been considered in recent years are also briefly indicated.
C1 [Zisman, Michael S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Accelerator & Fus Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zisman, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Accelerator & Fus Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 9
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 145
EP 150
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800018
ER
PT B
AU Palmer, RB
AF Palmer, R. B.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PROTON BUNCHING OPTIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
DE Muon Collider; proton driver; space charge tune shift
AB Muon Colliders [1] need intense, very short, proton bunches. The requirements are presented and a number of possible bunching systems discussed. The best solution uses a small super-conducting buncher ring with 6 bunches that are taken though separate transports and combined on the target.
C1 [Palmer, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11786 USA.
RP Palmer, RB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11786 USA.
EM palmer@bnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-76CH03000]
FX Work supported by US Department of Energy under contracts AC02-98CH10886
and DE-AC02-76CH03000
NR 3
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 151
EP 154
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800019
ER
PT B
AU Popovic, M
Ankenbrandt, CM
Johnson, RP
AF Popovic, Milorad
Ankenbrandt, Charles M.
Johnson, Rolland P.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI CW SRF H- LINAC AS A PROTON DRIVER FOR MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO
FACTORIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB We describe a Project-X proton driver based on a CW Superconducting RF Linac with final energy as high as 8 GeV. This machine would have the potential to produce multi MW if beams to drive the Fermilab neutrino programs, rare kaon and muon decay experiments, muon cooling R&D programs, neutrino factories, and muon colliders. Keys to a CW machine to suit these uses include ways to generate the desired bunch trains and ways to accumulate many protons in an intermediate storage ring before they are bunched and directed to a target. Enhanced carbon foil techniques can allow accumulation of intense proton beams from a CW linac, which we propose to be extended from 3 GeV to as much as 8 GeV for the most efficient muon production for colliders and neutrino factories and to replace the Booster for improved Main Injector operation.
C1 [Popovic, Milorad] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Ankenbrandt, Charles M.; Johnson, Rolland P.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Popovic, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM popovic@fnal.gov
FU Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
FX Supported in part by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359
NR 1
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 155
EP 159
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800020
ER
PT B
AU Chou, WR
AF Chou, Weiren
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI RAPID CYCLING SYNCHROTRON OPTION FOR PROJECT X
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB This paper presents an 8 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) option for Project X. It has several advantages over an 8 GeV SC linac. In particular, the cost could be lower. With a 2 GeV 10 mA pulsed linac as injector, the RCS would be able to deliver 4 MW beam power for a muon collider. If, instead, a 2 GeV 1 mA CW linac is used, the RCS would still be able to meet the Project X requirements but it would be difficult for it to serve a muon collider due to the very long injection time.
C1 [Chou, Weiren] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Chou, WR (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM chou@fnal.gov
FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; United States
Department of Energy
FX This work is supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
NR 3
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 160
EP 163
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800021
ER
PT B
AU Mokhov, NV
Gudima, KK
Strait, JB
Striganov, SI
AF Mokhov, N. V.
Gudima, K. K.
Strait, J. B.
Striganov, S. I.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PION PRODUCTION FOR NEUTRINO FACTORIES AND MUON COLLIDERS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Optimization of pion and muon production/collection for neutrino factories and muon colliders is described along with recent developments of the MARS15 code event generators and effects influencing the choice of the optimal beam energy.
C1 [Mokhov, N. V.; Gudima, K. K.; Strait, J. B.; Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM mokhov@fnal.gov
FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of
Energy
FX Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 6
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 168
EP 171
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800023
ER
PT B
AU Lebedev, V
AF Lebedev, Valeri
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PROTON BUNCH COMPRESSION STRATEGIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The paper discusses main limitations on the beam power and other machine parameters for a 4 MW proton driver for muon collider. The strongest limitation comes from a longitudinal microwave instability limiting the beam power to about 1 MW for an 8 GeV compressor ring.
C1 [Lebedev, Valeri] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Naperville, IL 60563 USA.
RP Lebedev, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Naperville, IL 60563 USA.
EM val@fnal.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH03000]
FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
No. DE-AC02-76CH03000
NR 1
TC 0
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U2 0
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 172
EP 180
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800024
ER
PT B
AU Shiltsev, V
AF Shiltsev, Vladimir
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI ACCELERATOR TEST FACILITY FOR MUON COLLIDER AND NEUTRINO FACTORY R&D
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Over the last decade there has been significant progress in developing the concepts and technologies needed to produce, capture, accelerate and collide high intensity beams of muons. At present, a high-luminosity multi-TeV muon collider presents a viable option for the next generation lepton-lepton collider, which is believed to be needed to fully explore high energy physics in the era following LHC discoveries. This article briefly reviews the needs and possibilities for a Muon Collider beam test facility to carry out the R&D program on the collider front-end and 6D cooling demonstration experiment.
C1 [Shiltsev, Vladimir] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Phys Ctr, MS221, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Shiltsev, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Phys Ctr, MS221, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM shiltsev@fnal.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
FX This work is supported at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
which is operated by the Fermi Research Association, under contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 3
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 181
EP 184
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800025
ER
PT B
AU Galambos, J
Garoby, R
Geer, S
AF Galambos, J.
Garoby, R.
Geer, S.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI THE SUPERCONDUCTING RF LINAC FOR MUON COLLIDER AND NEUTRINO FACTORY -
SUMMARY OF WORKING GROUP 2
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The summary of working group WG2 exploring the Muon Collider and Neutrino Factory cience enabled with SRF technology is given here.
C1 [Galambos, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Garoby, R.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Geer, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Galambos, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 8
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 185
EP 191
PG 7
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800026
ER
PT B
AU Rimmer, RA
AF Rimmer, R. A.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PROSPECTS FOR A VERY HIGH POWER CW SRF LINAC
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Steady development in SRF accelerator technology combined with the success of large scale installations such as CEBAF at Jefferson Laboratory and the SNS Linac at ORNL gives credibility to the concept of very high average power CW machines for light sources or Proton drivers. Such machines would be powerful tools for discovery science in themselves but could also pave the way to reliable cost effective drivers for such applications as neutrino factories, an energy-frontier muon collider, nuclear waste transmutation or accelerator driven subcritical reactors for energy production. In contrast to machines such as ILC that need maximum accelerating gradient, the challenges in these machines are mainly in efficiency, reliability, beam stability, beam loss and of course cost. In this paper the present state of the art is briefly reviewed and options for a multi-GeV, multi-MW CW linac are discussed.
C1 [Rimmer, R. A.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Rimmer, RA (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM rarimmer@jlab.org
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-84-ER40150]
FX This work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, contract
DE-AC05-84-ER40150.
NR 22
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U1 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 195
EP 220
PG 26
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800027
ER
PT B
AU Ankenbrandt, CM
Johnson, RP
Popovic, M
AF Ankenbrandt, Charles M.
Johnson, Rolland P.
Popovic, Milorad
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PROJECT-X, SRF, AND VERY LARGE POWER STATIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB We seek to develop accelerator-driven subcritical (ADS) nuclear power stations operating at more than 5 to 10 GW in an inherently safe region below criticality, generating no greenhouse gases, producing minimal nuclear waste and no byproducts that are useful to rogue nations or terrorists, incinerating waste from conventional nuclear reactors, and efficiently using abundant thorium fuel that does not need enrichment. First, the feasibility of the accelerator technology must be demonstrated. Fermilab is developing concepts for Project X, which would use a superconducting RF (SRF) linear proton accelerator to provide beams for particle physics at the intensity and energy frontiers. We propose to extend this linac design to serve as a prototype for a practical accelerator that can drive several ADS reactors at once and also provide beams for reactor development.
C1 [Ankenbrandt, Charles M.; Johnson, Rolland P.] Muons Inc, 552 N Batavia Ave, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Popovic, Milorad] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Ankenbrandt, CM (reprint author), Muons Inc, 552 N Batavia Ave, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM rol@muonsinc.com
FU Fermilab [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
FX Supported in part by Fermilab subcontract to Muons, Inc. under DOE
DE-AC02-07CH11359
NR 1
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 252
EP 255
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800033
ER
PT B
AU Raja, R
AF Raja, Rajendran
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI POWER PRODUCTION AND ADS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB We describe the power production process in Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems employing Thorium-232 and Uranium-238 as fuel and examine the demands on the power of the accelerator required.
C1 [Raja, Rajendran] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Raja, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 259
EP 263
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800034
ER
PT B
AU Gohar, Y
AF Gohar, Yousry
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI EXPERIMENTAL NEUTRON SOURCE FACILITY BASED ON ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB An experimental neutron source facility has been developed for producing medical isotopes, training young nuclear professionals, providing capability for performing reactor physics, material research, and basic science experiments. It uses a driven subcritical assembly with an electron accelerator. The neutrons driving the subcritical assembly were generated from the electron interactions with a target assembly. Tungsten or uranium target material is used for the neutron production through photonuclear reactions. The neutron source intensity, spectrum, and spatial distribution have been studied to maximize the neutron yield and satisfy different engineering requirements. The subcritical assembly is designed to obtain the highest possible neutron flux intensity with a subcriticality of 0.98. Low enrichment uranium is used for the fuel material because it enhances the neutron source performance. Safety, reliability, and environmental considerations are included in the facility conceptual design. Horizontal neutron channels are incorporated for performing basic research including cold neutron source. This paper describes the conceptual design and summarizes some of the related analyses.
C1 [Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gohar, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Global Nuclear Material Threat
Reduction [NA213]
FX Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Global Nuclear Material Threat Reduction (NA213).
NR 12
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U1 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 264
EP 275
PG 12
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800035
ER
PT B
AU Yang, WS
AF Yang, Won Sik
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI TRANSMUTATION MISSION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB This paper presents a brief summary of the objectives of transmutation mission and relevant fuel cycle strategies and transmutation systems, including a short comparison of the main characteristics of fast reactor and accelerator-driven systems for actinide transmutation.
C1 [Yang, Won Sik] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yang, WS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
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U1 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 276
EP 279
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800036
ER
PT B
AU Cahalan, JE
AF Cahalan, James E.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SAFETY PERFORMANCE AND ISSUES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB This paper identifies the basic safety functions in nuclear reactor design, and the safety design issues for accelerator-driven subcritical reactors.
C1 [Cahalan, James E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Cahalan, JE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created by the U Chicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S.
Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a
paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government.
NR 0
TC 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 280
EP 284
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800037
ER
PT B
AU Gohar, Y
AF Gohar, Yousry
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SPALLATION TARGET DESIGN FOR ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SYSTEMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB A design methodology for the lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) spallation target has been developed and applied. This methodology includes the target interface with the subcritical assembly and the different engineering aspects of the target design, physics, heat-transfer, hydraulics, structural, radiological, and safety analyses. Several design constrains were defined and utilized for the target design process to satisfy different engineering requirements and to minimize the time and the cost of the design development. Target interface requirements with the subcritical assembly were defined based on performance parameters and material damage issues to enhance the lifetime of the target structure. Different structural materials were considered to define the most promising candidate based on the current database including radiation effects.
C1 [Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gohar, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself,
and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable
worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative
works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display
publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 285
EP 294
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800038
ER
PT B
AU Yang, WS
AF Yang, Won Sik
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR ACCELERATOR TRANSMUTATION OF WASTE SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB This paper briefly discusses the design objectives of accelerator transmutation of waste systems and important design parameters and constraints to be considered.
C1 [Yang, Won Sik] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yang, WS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 2
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U1 0
U2 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 295
EP 298
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800039
ER
PT B
AU Garnett, RW
Sheffield, RL
AF Garnett, Robert W.
Sheffield, Richard L.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI LINAC FOR ADS APPLICATION - ACCELERATOR TECHNOLOGIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB Significant high-current, high-intensity accelerator research and development have been done in the recent past in the US, centered primarily at Los Alamos National Laboratory. These efforts have included designs for the Accelerator Production of Tritium Project (APT), Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW), and Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS), as well as many others. A 6.7-MeV, 100-mA, CW proton demonstration accelerator was operated successfully as a proof-of-principle for the APT Project that also showed promise as the front-end of a GWth-class ADS driver. This past work and some specific design principles that were developed to optimize linac designs for ADS and other high-intensity applications will be discussed briefly.
C1 [Garnett, Robert W.; Sheffield, Richard L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Accelerator Operat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Garnett, RW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Accelerator Operat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]
FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Contract
W-7405-ENG-36.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
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PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 309
EP 312
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800042
ER
PT B
AU Delayen, J
Gohar, Y
Raja, R
Stanculescu, A
AF Delayen, J.
Gohar, Y.
Raja, R.
Stanculescu, A.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SRF LINACS AND ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SUB-CRITICAL SYSTEMS SUMMARY WORKING
GROUPS 3 & 4
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The summary of working groups WG3 and WG4 SRF linacs and Accelerator driven subcritical systems (ADS) is given here.
C1 [Delayen, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Delayen, J.] TJNAF, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Gohar, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Raja, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Stanculescu, A.] IAEA, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
RP Delayen, J (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
NR 0
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PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 313
EP 317
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800043
ER
PT B
AU Harvey, J
Nolen, JA
Kroc, T
Gomes, I
Horwitz, EP
Mcalister, DR
AF Harvey, James
Nolen, Jerry A.
Kroc, Thomas
Gomes, Itacil
Horwitz, E. Philip
Mcalister, Daniel R.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI PRODUCTION OF ACTINIUM-225 VIA HIGH ENERGY PROTON INDUCED SPALLATION OF
THORIUM-232
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The science of cancer research is currently expanding its use of alpha particle emitting radioisotopes. Coupled with the discovery and proliferation of molecular species that seek out and attach to tumors, new therapy and diagnostics are being developed to enhance the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This latest technology is commonly referred to as Alpha Immunotherapy (AIT). Actinium-225/Bismuth-213 is a parent/daughter alpha-emitting radioisotope pair that is highly sought after because of the potential for treating numerous diseases and its ability to be chemically compatible with many known and widely used carrier molecules (such as monoclonal antibodies and proteins/peptides). The object of this effort is to refine the simulations for producing actinium-225 at proton beam energies of 400 MeV and above up to about 8 GeV. Once completed, the simulations will be experimentally verified using 400 MeV and 8 GeV protons available at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Targets will be processed at Argonne National Laboratory to separate and purify the actinium-225 that will subsequently be transferred to NorthStar laboratory facilities for product quality testing and comparison to the product quality of ORNL produced actinium-225, which is currently the industry standard. The test irradiations at FNAL will produce 1-20 mCi per day which is more than sufficient for quantitative evaluation of the proposed production process.
C1 [Harvey, James] NorthStar Med Radioisotopes LLC, Madison, WI 53718 USA.
[Nolen, Jerry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kroc, Thomas] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Gomes, Itacil] IC Gomes Consulting, Naperville, IL 60565 USA.
[Horwitz, E. Philip; Mcalister, Daniel R.] PG Res Fdn, Lisle, IL 60532 USA.
RP Harvey, J (reprint author), NorthStar Med Radioisotopes LLC, Madison, WI 53718 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-07CH11359]; DOE
Office of Science
FX Argonne National Laboratory work is supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory is operated by
Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-ACO2-07CH11359 with
the U. S. Department of Energy.; New effort to be funded by DOE Office
of Science
NR 0
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BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 321
EP 326
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800044
ER
PT B
AU Holt, RJ
Lu, ZT
Mueller, P
AF Holt, Roy J.
Lu, Zheng-Tian
Mueller, Peter
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SEARCH FOR THE ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT OF RADIUM-225
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The nuclear Schiff moment and its resulting atomic electric dipole moment (EDM) are signatures of time-reversal and parity violation. They represent an important window onto physics beyond the Standard Model. We are developing a next generation experiment to search for the Schiff moment and EDM of Ra-225 (t(1/2) = 15 d) based on laser-cooled and trapped radium atoms. Due to octupole deformation of the nucleus, Ra-225 is predicted to be 2-3 orders of magnitude more sensitive to T-violating interactions than Hg-199 (stable), which currently sets the most stringent limits in the nuclear sector. At present, Ra-225 samples at the level of a few mCi (similar to 10(14) atoms) are available from the decay of the long-lived Th-229 in stock. A future ISOL facility driven by a high-intensity accelerator could deliver 4-5 orders of magnitude more Ra-225. It holds the potential to further improve the EDM search sensitivity.
C1 [Holt, Roy J.; Lu, Zheng-Tian; Mueller, Peter] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lu, Zheng-Tian] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lu, Zheng-Tian] Univ Chicago, Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Holt, RJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Mueller, Peter/E-4408-2011
OI Mueller, Peter/0000-0002-8544-8191
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 327
EP 330
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800045
ER
PT B
AU Nolen, J
Pitcher, E
Kirk, H
AF Nolen, J.
Pitcher, E.
Kirk, H.
BE Raja, R
Mishra, S
TI SRF LINAC AND MATERIAL SCIENCE AND MEDICINE - SUMMARY OF WORKING GROUP 5
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF HIGH INTENSITY PROTON
ACCELERATORS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Fermilab, Chicago, IL
SP Fermilab, Us Dept Energy, Fermi Res Alliance LLC, World Sci
HO Fermilab
AB The summary of working group WG15 exploring topics in material science and medicine enabled by SRF technology is given here.
C1 [Nolen, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Pitcher, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Kirk, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nolen, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4317-28-3
PY 2010
BP 331
EP 333
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA BG9YE
UT WOS:000394190800046
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, EM
Tartakovsky, AM
Amon, C
AF Ryan, Emily M.
Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
Amon, Cristina
BE Carrera, J
SanchezVila, X
FernandezGarcia, D
Bolster, D
TI INVESTIGATING THE ACCURACY OF A DARCY SCALE MODEL OF COMPETITIVE
ADSORPTION IN A POROUS MEDIUM THROUGH SPH PORE SCALE MODELING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XVIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL
METHODS IN WATER RESOURCES (CMWR 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Conference on Computational Methods in Water
Resources (CMWR)
CY JUN 21-24, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
DE numerical methods; smoothed particle hydrodynamics; reactive transport;
porous medium
ID TRANSPORT
AB In this paper we investigate the accuracy of a Darcy-scale model for competitive adsorption in a porous medium through comparison with a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) pore-scale model. SPH is a Lagrangian, particle based modeling method which uses the particles as interpolation points to directly discretize the governing equations of the system. The models consider a binary system of competitively adsorbing species traveling through a porous medium due to advection and diffusion. The effects of Damkohler number and porous microstructure on the accuracy of the Darcy-scale model when compared to the pore-scale model are investigated. The comparison of the Darcy-scale model and the pore-scale model shows that the Darcy model overestimates the mass of a plume moving through the domain for all Damkohler numbers investigated and is not able to accurately predict the masses of both surface species in a reactive system.
C1 [Ryan, Emily M.; Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Ryan, EM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM emily.ryan@pnl.gov; alexandre.tartakovsky@pnl.gov; dean@ecf.utoronto.ca
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING
PI 08034 BARCELONA
PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN
BN 978-84-96736-93-1
PY 2010
BP 858
EP 865
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Water Resources
SC Computer Science; Water Resources
GA BXU68
UT WOS:000297163600095
ER
PT B
AU Vesselinov, VV
Harp, DR
Birdsell, K
Broxton, D
Katzman, D
AF Vesselinov, Velimir V.
Harp, Dylan R.
Birdsell, Kay
Broxton, David
Katzman, Danny
BE Carrera, J
SanchezVila, X
FernandezGarcia, D
Bolster, D
TI DECISION SUPPORT BASED ON UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION OF MODEL
PREDICTIONS OF CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XVIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL
METHODS IN WATER RESOURCES (CMWR 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Conference on Computational Methods in Water
Resources (CMWR)
CY JUN 21-24, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
DE decision support; uncertainty analysis; inverse analysis; model
predictions; source identification; monitoring network design;
optimization; constrained calibration
AB The process of decision making to protect groundwater resources requires a detailed estimation of uncertainties in model predictions. Various uncertainties associated with model development, such as measurement and computational errors, uncertainties in the conceptual model and model-parameter estimates, simplifications in model setup and numerical representation of governing processes, influence the uncertainties in the model predictions. As a result, the predictive uncertainties are generally difficult to quantify. Quite frequently however, the uncertainties in only some of the model parameters and predictions are important to consider in the decision making process. We investigate and compare existing and newly-proposed methods for the quantification of predictive uncertainties in relation to decision support. The goal is to quantify predictive uncertainties affecting decision making related to locating new monitoring wells.
C1 [Vesselinov, Velimir V.; Harp, Dylan R.; Birdsell, Kay; Broxton, David; Katzman, Danny] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Vesselinov, VV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Earth & Environm Sci Div, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM vvv@lanl.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING
PI 08034 BARCELONA
PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN
BN 978-84-96736-93-1
PY 2010
BP 921
EP 929
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Water Resources
SC Computer Science; Water Resources
GA BXU68
UT WOS:000297163600102
ER
PT S
AU Constantinescu, EM
Sandu, A
AF Constantinescu, Emil M.
Sandu, Adrian
BE Fitt, AD
Norbury, J
Ockendon, H
Wilson, RE
TI On Extrapolated Multirate Methods
SO PROGRESS IN INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS AT ECMI 2008
SE Mathematics in Industry
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 15th European Conference on Mathematics for Industry
CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2008
CL Univ Coll London, London, ENGLAND
HO Univ Coll London
ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS
AB In this paper we construct extrapolated multirate discretization methods that allow to efficiently solve problems that have components with different dynamics. This approach is suited for the time integration of multiscale ordinary and partial differential equations and provides highly accurate discretizations. We analyze the linear stability properties of the extrapolated multirate explicit and linearly implicit methods. Numerical results with multiscale ODEs illustrate the theoretical findings.
C1 [Constantinescu, Emil M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sandu, Adrian] Virgina Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Constantinescu, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM emconsta@mcs.anl.gov; asandu@cs.vt.edu
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1612-3956
BN 978-3-642-12109-8
J9 MATH INDUST
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 341
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-12110-4_52
PG 3
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA BUR79
UT WOS:000290182200052
ER
PT S
AU Arevalo, C
Kulkarni, Y
Ariza, MP
Ortiz, M
Knap, J
Marian, J
AF Arevalo, C.
Kulkarni, Y.
Ariza, M. P.
Ortiz, M.
Knap, J.
Marian, J.
BE Fitt, AD
Norbury, J
Ockendon, H
Wilson, RE
TI Quasicontinuum Method at Finite Temperature Applied to the Study of
Nanovoids Evolution in Fcc Crystals
SO PROGRESS IN INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS AT ECMI 2008
SE Mathematics in Industry
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 15th European Conference on Mathematics for Industry
CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2008
CL Univ Coll London, London, ENGLAND
HO Univ Coll London
ID ALUMINUM
AB Breaking tensile test of ductile materials starts with the formation, in the test material central area, of a choking followed by the nucleation of several cavities at nanoscopic scale. Nanovoids growth and coalescence give rise to a crack which propagates towards the surface in the perpendicular direction to the applied charge. This work is focused in the study of the evolution of these nanovoids for face centered cubic (fcc) crystals. The Quasicontinuum (QC) method at finite temperature has been performed to carry out such an analysis.
C1 [Arevalo, C.; Ariza, M. P.] Univ Seville, Escuela Super Ingn, Seville, Spain.
[Kulkarni, Y.] Univ California, San Diego, CA USA.
[Ortiz, M.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Knap, J.; Marian, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Arevalo, C (reprint author), Univ Seville, Escuela Super Ingn, Seville, Spain.
EM carevalo@us.es; ykulkarni@uh.edu; mpariza@us.es; ortiz@aero.caltech.edu
RI Ariza, Pilar/F-2373-2010
OI Ariza, Pilar/0000-0003-0266-0216
FU Consejeria de Innovacion [P06-TEP-010514]; Ciencia y Empresa; Junta de
Andalucia, Spain
FX This work has been performed under funding of project P06-TEP-010514
given by Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de
Andalucia, Spain.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1612-3956
BN 978-3-642-12109-8
J9 MATH INDUST
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 709
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-12110-4_114
PG 2
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA BUR79
UT WOS:000290182200114
ER
PT S
AU Romero, LA
Dickey, FM
AF Romero, Louis A.
Dickey, Fred M.
BE Wolf, E
TI The Mathematical Theory of Laser Beam-Splitting Gratings
SO PROGRESS IN OPTICS, VOL 54
SE Progress in Optics
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID PHASE GRATINGS; ARRAY GENERATION; DAMMANN-GRATINGS; BINARY-PHASE;
DESIGN; ELEMENTS; EFFICIENCY
C1 [Romero, Louis A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Appl & Computat Math Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Dickey, Fred M.] FMD Consulting LLC, Springfield, MO USA.
RP Romero, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Appl & Computat Math Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0079-6638
BN 978-0-444-53528-3
J9 PROG OPTICS
JI Prog. Opt.
PY 2010
VL 54
BP 319
EP 386
DI 10.1016/S0079-6638(10)05411-9
PG 68
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA BOP47
UT WOS:000277225300006
ER
PT J
AU Pethick, CJ
Chamel, N
Reddy, S
AF Pethick, C. J.
Chamel, N.
Reddy, Sanjay
TI Superfluid Dynamics in Neutron Star Crusts
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on New Frontiers in QCD 2010
CY JAN 18-MAR 19, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
ID EFFECTIVE-MASS
AB A simple description of superfluid hydrodynamics in the inner crust of a neutron star is given. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the lattice of nuclei on the properties of the superfluid neutrons, and the effects of entrainment, the fact that some fraction of the neutrons are locked to the motion of the protons in nuclei.
C1 [Pethick, C. J.] Niels Bohr Inst, Niels Bohr Int Acad, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Pethick, C. J.] NORDITA, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Chamel, N.] Univ Libre Brussels, Inst Astron & Astrophys, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Reddy, Sanjay] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Pethick, CJ (reprint author), Niels Bohr Inst, Niels Bohr Int Acad, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
NR 16
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 186
BP 9
EP 16
PG 8
GA 700IH
UT WOS:000285731300003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, J
Behringer, RP
Goldhirsch, I
AF Zhang, Jie
Behringer, Robert P.
Goldhirsch, Isaac
TI Coarse-Graining of a Physical Granular System
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID STRESS TENSOR; STRAIN; FLOWS; MODEL
AB Results, including displacement, strain and stress fields, obtained by applying a resolution-controlled coarse-graining method to an experiment, comprised of a bidisperse system of photoelastic disks under pure shear, are presented. The paper reviews the experimental methods as well as the philosophical and technical bases of the coarse-graining methods employed in this study. Some fields reveal the emergence of a shear band while others do not. Correlations of the displacement fluctuations are shown to decay on a very small scale, of the order of a few particle diameters, even close to jamming. An unexpectedly simple relation between the particle rotation angles and the rotation field is reported. Implications of these and other findings are discussed.
C1 [Zhang, Jie; Behringer, Robert P.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Goldhirsch, Isaac] Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Sch Mech Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Zhang, Jie/O-2127-2015
FU US-Israel Binational Science Foundation [2004391]; Israel Science
Foundation [412/08]; US National Science Foundation [DMR0555431,
DMR090698]
FX IG and RPB gratefully acknowledge partial support from the US-Israel
Binational Science Foundation, grant no. 2004391. IG gratefully
acknowledges partial support from the Israel Science Foundation, grant
no. 412/08. RPB gratefully acknowledges additional support from the US
National Science Foundation through grants DMR0555431 and DMR090698.
Discussions with Jens Boberski, Chay Goldenberg, Joe Goddard, Hans
Herrmann, Niels Kruyt, Stefan Luding, Thorsten Poschel, Ioannis
Vardoulakis and Dietrich Wolf are gratefully acknowledged. Part of this
work
NR 32
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 8
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 184
BP 16
EP 30
PG 15
GA 635KX
UT WOS:000280655200002
ER
PT J
AU Gubler, P
Jido, D
Kojo, T
Nishikawa, T
Oka, M
AF Gubler, Philipp
Jido, Daisuke
Kojo, Toru
Nishikawa, Tetsuo
Oka, Makoto
TI Possible Quantum Numbers of Theta(+)(1540) in QCD Sum Rules
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on New Frontiers in QCD 2010
CY JAN 18-MAR 19, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
ID RESONANCE PHYSICS
AB Using the QCD sum rule method, various pentaquark states with strangeness S = +1 are investigated. In order to find a region in the Borel mass, where the the operator product expansion (OPE) is thought to converge and the sum rule is dominated by the resonance pole, we calculate the OPE up to dimension 14 and employ the difference of two independent correlators to construct the sum rules, by which the constributions of the higher-energy continuum states are strongly suppressed. As a result of this investigation, we find stable Borel mass curves for the quantum numbers I J(pi) = 01/2(-),11/2(-),13/2(+), suggesting the existence of resonance poles in these channels. As the width of the J(pi) = 1/2(-) states is likely to be very broad, and Theta(+)(1540) is thought to be an isosinglet state, we conclude that the most probable candidate for Theta(+)(1540) is the state with quantum numbers I J(pi) = 03/2(+).
C1 [Gubler, Philipp; Oka, Makoto] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Jido, Daisuke] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Kojo, Toru] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RBRC, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Nishikawa, Tetsuo] Ryotokuji Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Urayasu 2798567, Japan.
RP Gubler, P (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, H-27, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
EM phil@th.phys.titech.ac.jp
RI Gubler, Philipp/E-3094-2015
OI Gubler, Philipp/0000-0002-0991-8462
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 186
BP 193
EP 198
PG 6
GA 700IH
UT WOS:000285731300029
ER
PT J
AU Speck, T
AF Speck, Thomas
TI Driven Soft Matter: Entropy Production and the Fluctuation-Dissipation
Theorem
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID NONEQUILIBRIUM STEADY-STATE; FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; SMALL SYSTEMS;
THERMODYNAMICS; EQUILIBRIUM; EQUALITY; DYNAMICS; EQUATION; PHYSICS; WORK
AB Entropy and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem are at the heart of statistical mechanics near equilibrium. Driving a system beyond the linear response regime leads to (i) the breakdown of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and (ii) a nonzero entropy production rate. We show how both phenomena are related using the general framework of stochastic thermodynamics suitable for soft matter systems governed by stochastic dynamics and driven through nonconservative forces or external flows. In particular, the excess of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in a nonequilibrium steady state compared to equilibrium is related to total entropy production. Alternative recent derivations of generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorems are sketched and related to each other. The theory is illustrated for two systems: a driven single colloidal particle and systems driven through simple shear flow.
C1 [Speck, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Speck, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Speck, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Speck, Thomas/F-2624-2012; Physics, Komet/C-9533-2016
OI Speck, Thomas/0000-0002-6357-1180;
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Alexander-von-Humboldt foundation;
Helios Solar Energy Research Center, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The presented work is rooted in my Ph.D. thesis53) and
continued in collaboration with Udo Seifert. Part of this work has been
presented at the workshop 'Frontiers in Nonequilibrium Physics:
Fundamental Theory, Glassy & Granular Materials, and Computational
Physics' as part of the Yukawa International Seminars (YKIS) in 2009. I
would like to thank the organizers, in particular Hisao Hayakawa and
Shin-ichi Sasa. I am deeply grateful to Valentin Blickle and Clemens
Bechinger for fruitful experimental collaborations, and Jakob Mehl for
illuminating discussions on the role of external flow. I thank David
Limmer for a critical reading of the manuscript. Finally, I acknowledge
financial support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and
Alexander-von-Humboldt foundation as well as the Helios Solar Energy
Research Center which is supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 53
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 184
BP 248
EP 261
PG 14
GA 635KX
UT WOS:000280655200019
ER
PT J
AU Jorg, T
Krzakala, F
Kurchan, J
Maggs, AC
AF Joerg, Thomas
Krzakala, Florent
Kurchan, Jorge
Maggs, Andrew Colin
TI Quantum Annealing of Hard Problems
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN-GLASS MODEL; TRANSVERSE FIELD; TRANSITION; MAGNET; STATES
AB Quantum annealing is analogous to simulated annealing with a tunneling mechanism substituting for thermal activation. Its performance has been tested in numerical simulation with mixed conclusions. There is a class of optimization problems for which the efficiency can be studied analytically using techniques based on the statistical mechanics of spin glasses.
C1 [Joerg, Thomas] CNRS, LPTENS, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Joerg, Thomas] ENS, UMR 8549, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent; Maggs, Andrew Colin] ESPCI, CNRS, PCT, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krzakala, Florent] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Kurchan, Jorge] ESPCI, CNRS, PMMH, UMR 7636, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP Jorg, T (reprint author), CNRS, LPTENS, 24 Rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France.
RI Krzakala, Florent/D-8846-2012
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 184
BP 290
EP 303
PG 14
GA 635KX
UT WOS:000280655200022
ER
PT J
AU Isobe, M
Alder, BJ
AF Isobe, Masaharu
Alder, Berni J.
TI Study of Transient Nuclei near Freezing
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID HARD-SPHERE FLUID; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS; 2
DIMENSIONS; VISCOSITY; TAIL
AB The molasses tail in dense hard core fluids is investigated by extensive event-driven molecular dynamics simulation through the orientational autocorrelation functions. Near the fluid-solid phase transition, there exist three regimes in the relaxation of the pair orientational autocorrelation function, namely the kinetic, molasses (stretched exponential), and diffusional power decay. The density dependence of both the molasses and diffusional power regimes are evaluated and the latter compares with theoretical predictions in three dimensions. The largest cluster at the freezing density of only a few sphere diameter in size persist for only about 30 picoseconds (similar to 2.8 x 10(-11)[s]). The most striking observation through the bond orientatinal order parameter is the dramatic increase of the cluster size as the freezing density is approached.
C1 [Isobe, Masaharu] Nagoya Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4668555, Japan.
[Alder, Berni J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Isobe, M (reprint author), Nagoya Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4668555, Japan.
RI Isobe, Masaharu/B-1707-2010
OI Isobe, Masaharu/0000-0003-4370-5564
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
[19740236]
FX We would like to thank Professor A. J. C. Ladd for helpful comments. We
also wish to thank Professors H. Mori, H. van Beijeren, W. G. Hoover, D.
Frenkel, N. Ito and J. Wakou for valuable discussions. This study was
supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology No. 19740236. Part of
the computations for this study was performed using the facilities of
the Supercomputer Center, Institute for Solid State Physics, the
University of Tokyo, and Research Center for Computational Science,
Okazaki, Japan.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 184
BP 439
EP 450
PG 12
GA 635KX
UT WOS:000280655200034
ER
PT J
AU Karsch, F
AF Karsch, Frithjof
TI O(N) Universality and the Chiral Phase Transition in QCD
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on NFQCD
CY JAN 18-MAR 19, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
ID 2-FLAVOR QCD; LATTICE; MODEL
AB We discuss universal scaling properties of (2+1)-flavor QCD in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition at vanishing as well as non-vanishing light quark chemical potential (mu(l)). We provide evidence for O(N) scaling of the chiral order parameter in (2+1)-flavor QCD and show that the scaling analysis of its derivative with respect to the light quark chemical potential provides a unique approach to the determination of the curvature of the chiral phase transition line in the vicinity of mu(l)//T = 0.
C1 [Karsch, Frithjof] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Karsch, Frithjof] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
RP Karsch, F (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2010
IS 186
BP 479
EP 484
PG 6
GA 700IH
UT WOS:000285731300069
ER
PT J
AU Sigdel, TK
Kaushal, A
Gritsenko, M
Norbeck, AD
Qian, WJ
Xiao, WZ
Camp, DG
Smith, RD
Sarwal, MM
AF Sigdel, Tara K.
Kaushal, Amit
Gritsenko, Marina
Norbeck, Angela D.
Qian, Wei-Jun
Xiao, Wenzhong
Camp, David G., II
Smith, Richard D.
Sarwal, Minnie M.
TI Shotgun proteomics identifies proteins specific for acute renal
transplant rejection
SO PROTEOMICS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Acute rejection; Biomarkers; ELISA; Renal transplantation; Urinary
proteomics
ID TAMM-HORSFALL PROTEIN; SPECTROMETRY-BASED PROTEOMICS; EPITHELIUM-DERIVED
FACTOR; HUMAN URINE PROTEOME; CLASS-II ANTIBODIES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
ALLOGRAFT REJECTION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; GRAFT-SURVIVAL; KIDNEY
AB Purpose: Acute rejection (AR) remains the primary risk factor for renal transplant outcome; development of non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for AR is an unmet need.
Experimental design: We used shotgun proteomics applying LC-MS/MS and ELISA to analyze a set of 92 urine samples, from patients with AR, stable grafts (STA), proteinuria (NS), and healthy controls.
Results: A total of 1446 urinary proteins (UP) were identified along with a number of nonspecific proteinuria-specific, renal transplantation specific and AR-specific proteins. Relative abundance of identified UP was measured by protein-level spectral counts adopting a weighted fold-change statistic, assigning increased weight for more frequently observed proteins. We have identified alterations in a number of specific UP in AR, primarily relating to MHC antigens, the complement cascade and extra-cellular matrix proteins. A subset of proteins (uromodulin, SERPINF1 and CD44), have been further cross-validated by ELISA in an independent set of urine samples, for significant differences in the abundance of these UP in AR.
Conclusions and clinical relevance: This label-free, semi-quantitative approach for sampling the urinary proteome in normal and disease states provides a robust and sensitive method for detection of UP for serial, non-invasive clinical monitoring for graft rejection after kidney transplantation.
C1 [Sigdel, Tara K.; Sarwal, Minnie M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94304 USA.
[Kaushal, Amit; Xiao, Wenzhong] Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94304 USA.
[Gritsenko, Marina; Norbeck, Angela D.; Qian, Wei-Jun; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Sarwal, MM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, G306,300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94304 USA.
EM msarwal@stanford.edu
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; xiao, wenzhong/0000-0003-4944-6380
FU NIH [RR018522]; Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors thank the NIH (grant RR018522 to R. D. S.) for support of
portions of this research and the Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory (EMSL) for use, of the instrumentation applied in this
research. EMSL is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national scientific
user facility located at PNNL in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a
multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors
thank Dr. Atul Butte, Dr. Li Li, Dr. Rong Chen, Dr. Purvesh Khatri,
Szu-chuan Hsieh, Amery Chen, Mary Hansen, and the other members of the
Sarwal Lab for their help in the manuscript preparation and Dr. Frank
Golich for critically reading the manuscript.
NR 52
TC 50
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-8346
J9 PROTEOM CLIN APPL
JI Proteom. Clin. Appl.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 1
BP 32
EP 47
DI 10.1002/prca.200900124
PG 16
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 552CQ
UT WOS:000274264900004
PM 20543976
ER
PT J
AU Springer, TE
Kienitz, B
AF Springer, Thomas E.
Kienitz, Brian
BE Li, H
Knights, S
Shi, Z
VanZee, JW
Zhang, J
TI Membrane Contamination Modeling
SO PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS: CONTAMINATION AND MITIGATION
STRATEGIES
SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELL; PERFLUOROSULFONATED IONOMER MEMBRANES;
ALKALI-METAL CATIONS; TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES;
MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; PEMFC PERFORMANCE; WATER TRANSPORT; AMMONIA;
IMPURITY
C1 [Springer, Thomas E.; Kienitz, Brian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Springer, TE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-0679-1
J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG
PY 2010
BP 293
EP 338
PG 46
WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BTA42
UT WOS:000286197100010
ER
PT S
AU Stephan, EG
Halter, TD
Ermold, BD
AF Stephan, Eric G.
Halter, Todd D.
Ermold, Brian D.
BE McGuinness, DL
Michaelis, JR
Moreau, L
TI Leveraging the Open Provenance Model as a Multi-tier Model for Global
Climate Research
SO PROVENANCE AND ANNOTATION OF DATA AND PROCESSES
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Provenance and Annotation Workshop
CY JUN 15-16, 2010
CL Troy, NY
SP Microsoft Corp, Rensselaer Polytechn Inst, Springer, STI Innsbruck
DE Provenance; Climate
AB Global climate researchers rely upon many forms of sensor data and analytical methods to help profile subtle changes in climate conditions. The U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program provides researchers with a collection of curated Value Added Products (VAPs) resulting from continuous sensor data streams, data fusion, and modeling. We are leveraging the Open Provenance Model as a foundational construct that serves the needs of both the YAP producers and consumers. We are organizing the provenance in different tiers of granularity to model VAP lineage, causality at the component level within a VAP, and the causality for each time step as samples are being assembled within the VAP. This paper shares our implementation strategy and how the ARM operations staff and the climate research community can greatly benefit from this approach to more effectively assess and quantify YAP provenance.
C1 [Stephan, Eric G.; Halter, Todd D.; Ermold, Brian D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Stephan, EG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Eric.Stephan@pnl.gov; Todd.Halter@pnl.gov; Brian.Ermold@pnl.gov
OI Stephan, Eric/0000-0002-8155-6806
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-17818-4
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6378
BP 34
EP 41
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUR94
UT WOS:000290189900005
ER
PT S
AU Stephan, E
Halter, T
Critchlow, T
da Silva, PP
Salayandia, L
AF Stephan, Eric
Halter, Todd
Critchlow, Terence
da Silva, Paulo Pinheiro
Salayandia, Leonardo
BE McGuinness, DL
Michaelis, JR
Moreau, L
TI Using Domain Requirements to Achieve Science-Oriented Provenance
SO PROVENANCE AND ANNOTATION OF DATA AND PROCESSES
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Provenance and Annotation Workshop
CY JUN 15-16, 2010
CL Troy, NY
SP Microsoft Corp, Rensselaer Polytechn Inst, Springer, STI Innsbruck
AB The US Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) is adopting the use of formalized provenance to support observational data products produced by ARM operations and relied upon by researchers. Because of the diversity of needs in the climate community provenance will need to be conveyed in a domain-oriented context. This paper explores a use case where semantic abstract workflows (SAW) are employed as a means to filter, aggregate, and contextually describe the historical events responsible for the ARM data product the scientist is relying upon.
C1 [Stephan, Eric; Halter, Todd; Critchlow, Terence] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[da Silva, Paulo Pinheiro; Salayandia, Leonardo] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX USA.
RP Stephan, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
OI Stephan, Eric/0000-0002-8155-6806
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-17818-4
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6378
BP 301
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUR94
UT WOS:000290189900040
ER
PT J
AU Matzen, LE
Federmeier, KD
AF Matzen, Laura E.
Federmeier, Kara D.
TI CONTRIBUTIONS OF CONCEPTUAL PRIMING AND RECOLLECTION TO THE DM EFFECT
SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 15th Annual Meeting Portland Marriott Downtown Waterfront
CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2010
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Psychophysiolog
C1 [Matzen, Laura E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Federmeier, Kara D.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0048-5772
J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
JI Psychophysiology
PY 2010
VL 47
SU 1
BP S37
EP S37
PG 1
WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology;
Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology
GA 635NI
UT WOS:000280662000204
ER
PT J
AU Macquart, JP
Bailes, M
Bhat, NDR
Bower, GC
Bunton, JD
Chatterjee, S
Colegate, T
Cordes, JM
D'Addario, L
Deller, A
Dodson, R
Fender, R
Haines, K
Hall, P
Harris, C
Hotan, A
Johnston, S
Jones, DL
Keith, M
Koay, JY
Lazio, TJW
Majid, W
Murphy, T
Navarro, R
Phillips, C
Quinn, P
Preston, RA
Stansby, B
Stairs, I
Stappers, B
Staveley-Smith, L
Tingay, S
Thompson, D
van Straten, W
Wagstaff, K
Warren, M
Wayth, R
Wen, L
AF Macquart, Jean-Pierre
Bailes, M.
Bhat, N. D. R.
Bower, G. C.
Bunton, J. D.
Chatterjee, S.
Colegate, T.
Cordes, J. M.
D'Addario, L.
Deller, A.
Dodson, R.
Fender, R.
Haines, K.
Hall, P.
Harris, C.
Hotan, A.
Johnston, S.
Jones, D. L.
Keith, M.
Koay, J. Y.
Lazio, T. J. W.
Majid, W.
Murphy, T.
Navarro, R.
Phillips, C.
Quinn, P.
Preston, R. A.
Stansby, B.
Stairs, I.
Stappers, B.
Staveley-Smith, L.
Tingay, S.
Thompson, D.
van Straten, W.
Wagstaff, K.
Warren, M.
Wayth, R.
Wen, L.
CA CRAFT Collaboration
TI The Commensal Real-Time ASKAP Fast-Transients (CRAFT) Survey
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitational waves; ISM: structure; scattering; surveys; techniques:
radar astronomy
ID HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; GIANT PULSES; RADIO-BURSTS; MILLISECOND
PULSAR; NEUTRON-STARS; BARYONS; INTERMITTENCY; TURBULENCE; SKY
AB We are developing a purely commensal survey experiment for fast (<5 s) transient radio sources. Short-timescale transients are associated with the most energetic and brightest single events in the Universe. Our objective is to cover the enormous volume of transients parameter space made available by ASKAP, with an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and field of view. Fast timescale transients open new vistas on the physics of high brightness temperature emission, extreme states of matter and the physics of strong gravitational fields. In addition, the detection of extragalactic objects affords us an entirely new and extremely sensitive probe on the huge reservoir of baryons present in the IGM. We outline here our approach to the considerable challenge involved in detecting fast transients, particularly the development of hardware fast enough to dedisperse and search the ASKAP data stream at or near real-time rates. Through CRAFT, ASKAP will provide the testbed of many of the key technologies and survey modes proposed for high time resolution science with the SKA.
C1 [Macquart, Jean-Pierre; Colegate, T.; Hall, P.; Hotan, A.; Koay, J. Y.; Stansby, B.; Tingay, S.; Wayth, R.] ICRAR Curtin Inst Radio Astron, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
[Bailes, M.; van Straten, W.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Bhat, N. D. R.; Bower, G. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bhat, N. D. R.; Bower, G. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bunton, J. D.; Johnston, S.; Keith, M.; Phillips, C.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
[Chatterjee, S.; Murphy, T.] Univ Sydney, SIfA, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Chatterjee, S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[D'Addario, L.; Jones, D. L.; Majid, W.; Navarro, R.; Preston, R. A.; Thompson, D.; Wagstaff, K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Deller, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Dodson, R.; Haines, K.; Harris, C.; Quinn, P.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Wen, L.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Fender, R.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Fender, R.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Lazio, T. J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Stairs, I.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Stappers, B.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Warren, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Astrophys, Los Alamos, NM 87543 USA.
RP Macquart, JP (reprint author), ICRAR Curtin Inst Radio Astron, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
EM j.macquart@curtin.edu.au
RI Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; Bunton, John/A-4944-2008; Wayth,
Randall/B-2444-2013; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; Colegate,
Tim/B-5286-2013; Macquart, Jean-Pierre/B-5306-2013; Tingay,
Steven/B-5271-2013; Bhat, Ramesh/B-7396-2013; Hall, Peter/B-8784-2013;
Koay, Jun Yi /E-4952-2015;
OI Staveley-Smith, Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; Wayth,
Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Koay, Jun Yi /0000-0002-7029-6658; Harris,
Christopher/0000-0001-5237-2250; Warren, Michael/0000-0002-1218-7904;
Murphy, Tara/0000-0002-2686-438X; Deller, Adam/0000-0001-9434-3837; van
Straten, Willem/0000-0003-2519-7375
FU National Aeronautics and Aerospace Administration
FX This work was partly done at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics
and Aerospace Administration.
NR 32
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 3
BP 272
EP 282
DI 10.1071/AS09082
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 649TV
UT WOS:000281797700007
ER
PT J
AU Wendelberger, JR
AF Wendelberger, Joanne R.
TI Uncertainty in Designed Experiments
SO QUALITY ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE design of experiments; propagation of error; tolerance intervals;
transmitted variation; uncertainty; variability; variances
AB Statistical experiment design can be used to efficiently select experimental runs to achieve a given experimental purpose. However, uncertainty is a fact of life in experimentation. The experimenter is faced with uncertainty in inputs, uncertainty in outputs from both random variability and uncertainty in measurement processes, as well as uncertainty about the underlying model structure of the phenomenon under investigation. In the face of all this uncertainty, the experimenter must try to collect and analyze data that will address questions of scientific interest.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wendelberger, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Mailstop F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM joanne@lanl.gov
OI Wendelberger, Joanne/0000-0001-5879-3945
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0898-2112
J9 QUAL ENG
JI Qual. Eng.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 88
EP 102
DI 10.1080/08982110903510420
PG 15
WC Engineering, Industrial; Statistics & Probability
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA V20UY
UT WOS:000208166100005
ER
PT S
AU Pooser, RC
Marino, AM
Boyer, V
Jones, KM
Lett, PD
AF Pooser, R. C.
Marino, A. M.
Boyer, V.
Jones, K. M.
Lett, P. D.
BE Donkor, EJ
Pirich, AR
Brandt, HE
TI Low-Noise Amplification of a Continuous-Variable Quantum State
SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION VIII
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation VIII
CY APR 08-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Quantum cloning; low-noise amplifier; phase-insensitive amplification;
quantum entanglement
ID PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION; OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION; CLONING; COMMUNICATION;
AMPLIFIERS; REDUCTION; CRITERION; SYSTEMS
AB We present an experimental realization of a low-noise, phase-insensitive optical amplifier using a four-wave mixing interaction in hot Rb vapor. Performance near the quantum limit for a range of amplifier gains, including near unity, can be achieved. Such low-noise amplifiers are essential for so-called quantum cloning machines and are useful in quantum information networks and protocols. We demonstrate that amplification and "cloning'' of one half of a two-mode squeezed state is possible while preserving entanglement. The inseparability criterion between the two original modes remains satisfied for small to large gains, while the EPR criterion is satisfied for a smaller range. This amplification of quantum correlations paves the way for optimal cloning of a bipartite entangled state.
C1 [Pooser, R. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pooser, RC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
OI Pooser, Raphael/0000-0002-2922-453X
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8166-5
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7702
AR 77020O
DI 10.1117/12.851881
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics
GA BSO06
UT WOS:000285050700020
ER
PT S
AU Berman, GP
Chernobrod, BM
AF Berman, Gennady P.
Chernobrod, Boris M.
BE Razeghi, M
Sudharasanan, R
Brown, GJ
TI SINGLE-SPIN MICROSCOPE WITH SUB-NANOSCALE RESOLUTION BASED ON OPTICALLY
DETECTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE
SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VII
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
ID ELECTRONIC SPIN; DIAMOND; NUCLEAR
AB Recently we proposed a new approach which potentially has single spin sensitivity, sub-nanometer spatial resolution, and ability to operate at room temperature (J. Appl. Phys. 97, 014903 (2005); U. S. Patent No. 7,305,869, 2007). In our approach a nanoscale photoluminescent center exhibits optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) in the vicinity of magnetic moment in the sample related with unpaired individual electron or nuclear spins, or ensemble of spins. We consider as a sensor material that exhibit ODMR properties nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers in diamond. N-V centers in diamond has serious advantage having extraordinary chemical and photostability, very long spin lifetimes, and ability single-spin detection at room temperature. The variety of possible scanning schemes has been considered. The potential application to 3D imaging of biological structure has been analyzed.
C1 [Berman, Gennady P.; Chernobrod, Boris M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8004-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7608
AR 76080Y
DI 10.1117/12.845055
PG 7
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Science &
Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BRR35
UT WOS:000283489000030
ER
PT S
AU Klem, JF
Kim, JK
Cich, MJ
Hawkins, SD
Fortune, TR
Rienstra, JL
AF Klem, J. F.
Kim, J. K.
Cich, M. J.
Hawkins, S. D.
Fortune, T. R.
Rienstra, J. L.
BE Razeghi, M
Sudharasanan, R
Brown, GJ
TI Comparison of nBn and nBp mid-wave barrier infrared photodetectors
SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VII
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE infrared photodetector; InAsSb; AlAsSb; mid-wave; focal plane array
ID QUANTUM-WELLS; BAND; INASSB
AB We have fabricated mid-wave infrared photodetectors containing InAsSb absorber regions and AlAsSb barriers in n-barrier-n (nBn) and n-barrier-p (nBp) configurations, and characterized them by current-voltage, photocurrent, and capacitance-voltage measurements in the 100-200 K temperature range. Efficient collection of photocurrent in the nBn structure requires application of a small reverse bias resulting in a minimum dark current, while the nBp devices have high responsivity at zero bias. When biasing both types of devices for equal dark currents, the nBn structure exhibits a differential resistance significantly higher than the nBp, although the nBp device may be biased for arbitrarily low dark current at the expense of much lower dynamic resistance. Capacitance-voltage measurements allow determination of the electron concentration in the unintentionally-doped absorber material, and demonstrate the existence of an electron accumulation layer at the absorber/barrier interface in the nBn device. Numerical simulations of idealized nBn devices demonstrate that photocurrent collection is possible under conditions of minimal absorber region depletion, thereby strongly suppressing depletion region Shockley-Read-Hall generation.
C1 [Klem, J. F.; Kim, J. K.; Cich, M. J.; Hawkins, S. D.; Rienstra, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Klem, JF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM jklem@sandia.gov
NR 14
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8004-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7608
AR 76081P
DI 10.1117/12.842772
PG 12
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Science &
Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BRR35
UT WOS:000283489000055
ER
PT S
AU Phillips, MC
Taubman, MS
Bernacki, BE
Cannon, BD
Schiffern, JT
Myers, TL
AF Phillips, Mark C.
Taubman, Matthew S.
Bernacki, Bruce E.
Cannon, Bret D.
Schiffern, John T.
Myers, Tanya L.
BE Razeghi, M
Sudharasanan, R
Brown, GJ
TI Design and performance of a sensor system for detection of multiple
chemicals using an external cavity quantum cascade laser
SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VII
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Infrared spectroscopy; quantum cascade laser; tunable laser
ID SPECTROSCOPY
AB We describe the performance of a sensor system designed for simultaneous detection of multiple chemicals with both broad and narrow absorption features. The sensor system consists of a broadly tunable external cavity quantum cascade laser (ECQCL), multi-pass Herriott cell, and custom low-noise electronics. The ECQCL features a fast wavelength tuning rate of 2265 cm(-1)/s (15660 nm/s) over the range of 1150-1270 cm(-1) (7.87-8.70 mu m), which permits detection of molecules with broad absorption features and dynamic concentrations, while the 0.2 cm(-1) spectral resolution of the ECQCL system allows measurement of small molecules with atmospherically broadened absorption lines. High-speed amplitude modulation and low-noise electronics are used to improve the ECQCL performance for direct absorption measurements. We demonstrate simultaneous detection of Freon-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), ammonia (NH(3)), and nitrous oxide (N(2)O) at low-ppb concentrations in field measurements of atmospheric chemical releases from a point source.
C1 [Phillips, Mark C.; Taubman, Matthew S.; Bernacki, Bruce E.; Cannon, Bret D.; Schiffern, John T.; Myers, Tanya L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Phillips, MC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8004-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7608
AR 76080D
DI 10.1117/12.842120
PG 11
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Science &
Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BRR35
UT WOS:000283489000011
ER
PT J
AU Woolnough, SJ
Blossey, PN
Xu, KM
Bechtold, P
Chaboureau, JP
Hosomi, T
Iacobellis, SF
Luo, Y
Petch, JC
Wong, RY
Xie, S
AF Woolnough, S. J.
Blossey, P. N.
Xu, K. -M.
Bechtold, P.
Chaboureau, J. -P.
Hosomi, T.
Iacobellis, S. F.
Luo, Y.
Petch, J. C.
Wong, R. Y.
Xie, S.
TI Modelling convective processes during the suppressed phase of a
Madden-Julian oscillation: Comparing single-column models with
cloud-resolving models
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE GCSS; tropical convection; model intercomparison; cloud-resolving
modelling
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; CUMULUS ENSEMBLE
MODEL; PACIFIC WARM POOL; TOGA-COARE; PART I; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES;
CIRRUS CLOUDS; ACCURATE PARAMETERIZATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB The role of convective processes in moistening the atmosphere during suppressed periods of the suppressed phase of a Madden-Julian oscillation is investigated in cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations, and the impact of moistening on the subsequent evolution of convection is assessed as part of a Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Cloud System Study (GCSS) intercomparison project. The ability of single-column model (SCM) versions of a number of state-of-the-art climate and numerical weather prediction models to capture these convective processes is also evaluated. During the suppressed periods, the CRMs are found to simulate a maximum moistening around 3 km, which is associated with a predominance of shallow convection. All SCMs produce adequate amounts of shallow convection during the suppressed periods, comparable to that seen in CRMs, but the relatively drier SCMs have higher precipitation rates than the relatively wetter SCMs and CRMs. The relatively drier SCMs dry, rather than moisten, the lower troposphere below the melting level. During the transition periods, convective processes act to moisten the atmosphere above the level at which mean advection changes from moistening to drying, despite an overall drying effect for the column. The SCMs capture some essence of this moistening at upper levels. A gradual transition from shallow to deep convection is simulated by the CRMs and the wetter SCMs during the transition periods, but the onset of deep convection is delayed in the drier SCMs. This results in lower precipitation rates for these SCMs during the active periods, although much better agreement exists between the models at this time. Copyright (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Blossey, P. N.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Woolnough, S. J.] Univ Reading, Walker Inst, Reading, Berks, England.
[Xu, K. -M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Bechtold, P.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Chaboureau, J. -P.] Univ Toulouse, Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France.
[Chaboureau, J. -P.] CNRS, F-75700 Paris, France.
[Hosomi, T.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
[Iacobellis, S. F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Luo, Y.] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Petch, J. C.; Wong, R. Y.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Xie, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Blossey, PN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM pblossey@u.washington.edu
RI LUO, Yong/I-6132-2013; Xu, Kuan-Man/B-7557-2013; Xie,
Shaocheng/D-2207-2013
OI Xu, Kuan-Man/0000-0001-7851-2629; Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145
FU NERC's National Centre for Atmospheric Science [R8/H12/38/001]; NOAA's
[NA06OAR4310055, NA17RJ1231]
FX SPAT was supported by NERC's National Centre for Atmospheric Science,
Grant reference R8/H12/38/001. PNB was supported by grant NA06OAR4310055
from NOAA's CPPA program and thanks Marat Khairoutdinov for making SAM
available to him. KMX and YL were supported by NASA Modeling, Analysis
and Prediction Program managed by Dr Don Anderson. SFI was supported by
NOAA grant NA17RJ1231.
NR 84
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 647
BP 333
EP 353
DI 10.1002/qj.568
PN B
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 585EB
UT WOS:000276806000005
ER
PT J
AU Okamura, M
AF Okamura, Masahiro
TI Direct plasma injection scheme with various ion beams
SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Workshop on Pulsed Plasma Laser Ablation (PPLA)
CY JUN 18-20, 2009
CL Monte Pieta, Messina, ITALY
SP Messina Univ, Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Salento Univ Lecce, Bonino Pulejo Fdn Messina
HO Monte Pieta
DE plasma; injection scheme; acceleration
AB The laser ion source is one of the most powerful heavy ion sources. However, it is difficult to obtain good stability and to control its intense current. To overcome these difficulties, we proposed a new beam injection scheme called odirect plasma injection schemeo. Following this it was established to provide various species with desired charge state as an intense accelerated beam. Carbon, aluminum and iron beams have been tested.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Okamura, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM okamura@bnl.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1042-0150
J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S
JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids
PY 2010
VL 165
IS 6-10
BP 451
EP 456
AR PII 926948999
DI 10.1080/10420151003718469
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 650MV
UT WOS:000281854500008
ER
PT J
AU McKeever, SWS
Blair, MW
Yukihara, EG
DeWitt, R
AF McKeever, S. W. S.
Blair, M. W.
Yukihara, E. G.
DeWitt, R.
TI The effects of low ambient temperatures on optically stimulated
luminescence (OSL) processes: Relevance to OSL dating of martian
sediments
SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Luminescence; Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL); Modeling; Dating;
Mars
ID REGENERATIVE-DOSE PROTOCOL; POLYMINERAL FINE GRAINS; SINGLE-ALIQUOT;
SENSITIVITY CHANGES; JSC MARS-1; QUARTZ; FELDSPARS; SOIL; DEPENDENCE;
DOSIMETRY
AB Advances in luminescence dosimetry have made geochronological dating of materials from extreme environments possible through the use of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) single-aliquot techniques. However, these environments present challenges not always encountered in routine OSL dating, such as sediments that have been stored at low, and possibly highly variable, ambient temperatures. In recent years OSL has been proposed as a method for dating recent depositional events on surfaces of other planets, specifically, Mars. As a result it has become necessary to examine the constraints that may be imposed on the OSL method by the extreme environments of extraterrestrial planetary bodies. In this paper we report on investigations of the possible effects a low storage and/or a low OSL measurement temperature could have on the OSL process and the subsequent results. Pertinent OSL properties include the stability of electron traps, the overall luminescence efficiency, and possible thermal assistance processes. The particular focus of the work is on the potential application of the OSL technique for dating surface sediments on Mars. We report the results of OSL experiments on martian simulant materials, and of generalized computer simulations of potential OSL behavior. It is concluded that the stimulation and irradiation/calibration temperatures need to be maintained fixed throughout the experiment - i.e. the dose estimation process - and that the temperature during OSL stimulation needs to be appreciably higher than the highest temperature experienced during natural irradiation. The consequences of these findings for establishing an OSL protocol and instrument package for dating martian regolith material are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McKeever, S. W. S.; Yukihara, E. G.; DeWitt, R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Blair, M. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP McKeever, SWS (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, 145 PS 2, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM stephen.mckeever@okstate.edu
RI Yukihara, Eduardo/F-1345-2014;
OI Yukihara, Eduardo/0000-0002-4615-6698; DeWitt,
Regina/0000-0003-2876-5489
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1350-4487
J9 RADIAT MEAS
JI Radiat. Meas.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 60
EP 70
DI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2009.11.037
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 572BL
UT WOS:000275801300009
ER
PT J
AU Miller, G
Justus, A
Vostrotin, V
Dry, D
Bertelli, L
AF Miller, Guthrie
Justus, Alan
Vostrotin, Vadim
Dry, Donald
Bertelli, Luiz
TI POISSON MIXTURE MODEL FOR MEASUREMENTS USING COUNTING
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERNAL DOSIMETRY
AB Starting with the basic Poisson statistical model of a counting measurement process, 'extraPoisson' variance or "overdispersion' are included by assuming that the Poisson parameter representing the mean number of counts itself comes from another distribution. The Poisson parameter is assumed to be given by the quantity if interest in the inference process multiplied by a lognormally distributed normalising coefficient plus an additional lognormal background that might he correlated with the normalising coeflicient (shared uncertainly). The example of lognormal environmental background in uranium urine data is discussed. An additional uncorrelated background is also included. The uncorrelated background is estimated from a background count measurement using Bayesian arguments. The rather complex formulas arc validated musing Monte Carlo. An analytical expression is obtained for the probability distribution of gross counts coming from the uncorrelated background, which allows straightforward calculation of a classical decision level in the form of a gross-count alarm point with a desired false-positive rate. The main purpose of this paper is to derive formulas for exact likelihood calculations in the case of various kinds of backgrounds.
C1 [Miller, Guthrie; Justus, Alan; Dry, Donald; Bertelli, Luiz] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Vostrotin, Vadim] So Urals Biophys Inst, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
RP Miller, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM guthrie@lanl.gov
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory/US Department of Energy; Russian Federal
Medico-Biologic Agency
FX This work was funded in part by Los Alamos National Laboratory/US
Department of Energy and the Russian Federal Medico-Biologic Agency.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 4
BP 363
EP 375
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncp268
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 586FW
UT WOS:000276892500009
PM 19942624
ER
PT J
AU Zafar, F
Seidler, SB
Kronenberg, A
Schild, D
Wiese, C
AF Zafar, Faria
Seidler, Sara B.
Kronenberg, Amy
Schild, David
Wiese, Claudia
TI Homologous Recombination Contributes to the Repair of DNA Double-Strand
Breaks Induced by High-Energy Iron Ions
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; DIPLOID HUMAN-LYMPHOBLASTS; NORMAL HUMAN
FIBROBLASTS; HIGH-LET-IRRADIATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; HUMAN-CELLS;
RAD51 PARALOGS; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS;
AUTOSOMAL LOCUS
AB To test the contribution of homologous recombinational repair (HRR) in repairing DNA damage sites induced by high-energy iron ions, we used (1) HRR-deficient rodent cells carrying a deletion in the RAD51D gene and (2) syngeneic human cells impaired for HRR by RAD51D or RAD51 knockdown using RNA interference. We found that in response to exposure to iron ions, HRR contributed to cell survival in rodent cells and that HRR deficiency abrogated RAD51 focus formation. Complementation of the HRR defect by human RAD51D rescues both enhanced cytotoxicity and RAD51 focus formation. For human cells irradiated with iron ions, cell survival was decreased, and in p53 mutant cells, the levels of mutagenesis were increased when HRR was impaired. Human cells synchronized in S phase exhibited a more pronounced resistance to iron ions compared with cells in G, phase, and this increase in radioresistance was diminished by RAD51 knockdown. These results indicate a role for RAD51-mediated DNA repair (i.e. HRR) in removing a fraction of clustered lesions induced by charged-particle radiation. Our results are the first to directly show the requirement for an intact HRR pathway in human cells in ensuring DNA repair and cell survival after exposure to high-energy high-LET radiation. (C) 2010 by Radiation Research Society
C1 [Zafar, Faria; Seidler, Sara B.; Kronenberg, Amy; Schild, David; Wiese, Claudia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wiese, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM cwiese@lbl.gov
FU NASA [NNJ05H1361]
FX This work was supported by NASA Grant NNJ05H1361 (to CW). The authors
gratefully acknowledge Dr. Peter Guida and his group for helpful
discussions, guidance and support during beam times, Dr. Adam Rusek and
the NSRL physics and dosimetry group for dosimetry and beam delivery,
and Dr. Betsy Sutherland and her team for assistance. We thank Dr. E.
Campeau for parental U2OS-T-REx cells, David W. Collins for help in
generating U20S-T-REx-shRNA-rad51 cells, Dr. S. Yannone for XRCC4
antibody, Dr. L. H. Thompson for AA8 and 51D1 cells, and Dr. J. Campisi
for HCA2-hTERT cells. We also Would like to thank Hector Nolla (UC
Berkeley Flow Cytometry Facility) for his excellent support.
NR 60
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 4
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 173
IS 1
BP 27
EP 39
DI 10.1667/RR1910.1
PG 13
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 541YA
UT WOS:000273456200004
PM 20041757
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, PF
Nagasawa, H
Fitzek, MM
Little, JB
Bedford, JS
AF Wilson, Paul F.
Nagasawa, Hatsumi
Fitzek, Markus M.
Little, John B.
Bedford, Joel S.
TI G(2)-Phase Chromosomal Radiosensitivity of Primary Fibroblasts from
Hereditary Retinoblastoma Family Members and Some Apparently Normal
Controls
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; INDUCED CHROMATID BREAKS; LOW-PENETRANCE
PREDISPOSITION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; DEFICIENT DNA-REPAIR;
CANCER-PATIENTS; CELLULAR RADIOSENSITIVITY; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; G(2)
RADIOSENSITIVITY; RADIATION SENSITIVITY
AB We previously described an enhanced sensitivity for cell killing and gamma-H2AX focus induction after both high-dose-rate and. continuous low-dose-rate gamma irradiation in 14 primary fibroblast strains derived from hereditary-type retinoblastoma family members (both affected RB1(+/-) probands and unaffected RB1(+/+) parents). Here we present G(2)-phase chromosomal radiosensitivity assay data for primary fibroblasts derived from these RB family members and five Coriell cell bank controls (four apparently normal individuals and one bilateral RB patient). The RB family members and two normal Coriell strains had significantly higher (similar to 1.5-fold, P < 0.05) chromatid-type aberration frequencies in the first postirradiation mitosis after doses of 50 cGy and 1 Gy of Cs-137 gamma radiation compared to the remaining Coriell strains. The induction of chromatid-type aberrations by high-dose-rate G(2)-phase gamma irradiation is significantly correlated to the proliferative ability of these cells exposed to continuous low-dose-rate gamma irradiation (reported in Wilson et al., Radiat. Res. 169, 483-494, 2008). Our results suggest that these moderately radiosensitive individuals may harbor hypomorphic genetic variants in genomic maintenance and/or DNA repair genes or may carry epigenetic changes involving genes that more broadly modulate such systems, including G(2)-phase-specific DNA damage responses. (C) 2010 by Radiation Research Society
C1 [Wilson, Paul F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Wilson, Paul F.; Nagasawa, Hatsumi; Bedford, Joel S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fitzek, Markus M.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Little, John B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Radiat Sci & Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Wilson, PF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, POB 808,Mail Code L-452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM wilson208@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Cancer Institute
[T32-CA09236]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG03-01ER63235,
DE-FG02-05ER64089, DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Zane H. Story and Ms. Christy
L. Warner for their valued technical assistance. This work was supported
in part by grant T32-CA09236 (JSB) from the U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services National Cancer Institute and grants
DE-FG03-01ER63235 (JSB) and DE-FG02-05ER64089 (JBL) from the U.S.
Department of Energy Low Dose Radiation Research Program. A portion of
this work (PFW) was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department
of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 62
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 173
IS 1
BP 62
EP 70
DI 10.1667/RR1943.1
PG 9
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 541YA
UT WOS:000273456200007
PM 20041760
ER
PT J
AU Buchholz, BA
Zermeno, P
Hwang, HM
Young, TM
Guilderson, TP
AF Buchholz, Bruce A.
Zermeno, Paula
Hwang, Hyun-Min
Young, Thomas M.
Guilderson, Thomas P.
TI MEASURING SUBMICRON-SIZE FRACTIONATED PARTICULATE MATTER ON ALUMINUM
IMPACTOR DISKS
SO RADIOCARBON
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Radiocarbon Conference
CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 2009
CL Big Isl, HI
ID WINTER POLLUTION EPISODE; COMPOSITION DISTRIBUTIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; AMS;
EMISSIONS; GRAPHITE; VEHICLES; AEROSOL; MASS
AB Submicron-sized airborne particulate matter (PM) is not collected well on regular quartz or glass fiber filter papers. We used a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) to fractionate PM into 6 size fractions and deposit it on specially designed high-purity thin aluminum disks. The MOUDI separated PM into fractions 56-100, 100-180, 180-320, 320-560, 560-1000, and 1000-1800 nm. Since the MOUDI has a low flow rate (30 L/min), it takes several days to collect sufficient carbon on 47-mm foil disks. The small carbon mass (20-200 mu g C) and large aluminum substrate (similar to 25 mg Al) present several challenges to production of graphite targets for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis. The Al foil consumes large amounts of oxygen as it is heated and tends to melt into quartz combustion tubes, causing gas leaks. We describe sample processing techniques to reliably produce graphitic targets for (14)C AMS analysis of PM deposited on Al impact foils.
C1 [Buchholz, Bruce A.; Zermeno, Paula; Guilderson, Thomas P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Hwang, Hyun-Min; Young, Thomas M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Buchholz, BA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM buchholz2@llnl.gov
RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011; Young, Thomas/A-4786-2008
OI Young, Thomas/0000-0001-7217-4753
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES004699-24, P42 ES004699]
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES
PI TUCSON
PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 USA
SN 0033-8222
J9 RADIOCARBON
JI Radiocarbon
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 2
SI 1
BP 278
EP 285
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 696JN
UT WOS:000285437800011
PM 22228915
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, S
Guilderson, T
Buckley, B
Cook, E
AF Zimmerman, Susan
Guilderson, Thomas
Buckley, Brendan
Cook, Edward
TI EXTENSION OF THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE ATMOSPHERIC RADIOCARBON CURVE,
2120-850 YEARS BP: RESULTS FROM TASMANIAN HUON PINE
SO RADIOCARBON
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Radiocarbon Conference
CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 2009
CL Big Isl, HI
ID AD 1850-950; C-14; CALIBRATION; BC
AB Decadal samples of dendrochronologically dated pine (Lagorostrobos franklinii) from the Stanley River basin, Tasmania, have been radiocarbon dated between 2120-850 yr BP. This data set overlaps and extends the current Southern Hemisphere record, which covers the period 110-995 yr BP. There is good agreement between the 2 records between 995 850 yr BP, between sample replicates and with consensus values for standards. As in the younger data set, we find evidence for a distinct but variable offset between the Southern Hemisphere data and IntCa104; although this is likely due to real temporal variability in the interhemispheric offset, further work is planned to rule out possible laboratory or sample preparation differences.
C1 [Zimmerman, Susan; Guilderson, Thomas] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Guilderson, Thomas] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 94064 USA.
[Guilderson, Thomas] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 94064 USA.
[Buckley, Brendan; Cook, Edward] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
RP Zimmerman, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM zimmerman17@llnl.gov
RI Zimmerman, Susan/A-3351-2013
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES
PI TUCSON
PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 USA
SN 0033-8222
J9 RADIOCARBON
JI Radiocarbon
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 3
SI 2
BP 887
EP 894
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 696JO
UT WOS:000285437900005
ER
PT J
AU Xia, Y
Rao, L
Friese, JI
Moore, DA
Bachelor, PP
AF Xia, Y.
Rao, L.
Friese, J. I.
Moore, D. A.
Bachelor, P. P.
TI Complexation of plutonium(IV) with fluoride at variable temperatures
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Plutonium(IV); Fluoride; Complexation; Stability constants; Temperature
effect; Solvent extraction
ID STABILITY-CONSTANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SULFATE; PU(IV); EXTRACTION;
NITRATE; IONS
AB Complexation Of Pu(IV) With fluoride was Studied by solvent extraction at 25, 40 and 55 degrees C in 2.2 mol kg(-1) HClO4. The distribution ratio Of Pu(IV) between the organic and aqueous phases decreased a,, the concentration of fluoride was increased due to the formation of Pu(IV)-F complexes in the aqueous phase. Two complexes, PuF3+ and PuF22+, were identified under the conditions in this work and their stability constants at 25, 40 and 55 degrees C and I = 2.2 mol kg(-1) HClO4 were determined from the distribution data. The specific ion interaction approach (SIT) Was Used to extrapolate the constants to the state of infinite dilution. Data from this work indicate that the complexation Of Pu(IV) With fluoride is endothermic and entropy-driven. The complexation becomes stronger at higher temperatures.
C1 [Xia, Y.; Friese, J. I.; Moore, D. A.; Bachelor, P. P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Rao, L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xia, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM yxia3615@yahoo.com; LRao@lbl.gov
FU Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM); U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was Supported by the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste
Management (OCRWM), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
(LBNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for U.S. DOE
under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. LBNL is operated by University of
California for U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors
are grateful to the anonymous reviewers who critical comments have
helped to significantly improve the manuscript.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA ROSENHEIMER STR 143, D-81671 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 2
BP 65
EP 69
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1690
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 552MU
UT WOS:000274296200002
ER
PT J
AU Eichler, R
Aksenov, NV
Albin, YV
Belozerov, AV
Bozhikov, GA
Chepigin, VI
Dmitriev, SN
Dressler, R
Gaggeler, HW
Gorshkov, VA
Henderson, RA
Johnsen, AM
Kenneally, JM
Lebedev, VY
Malyshev, ON
Moody, KJ
Oganessian, YT
Petrushkin, OV
Piguet, D
Popeko, AG
Rasmussen, P
Serov, A
Shaughnessy, DA
Shishkin, SV
Shutov, AV
Stoyer, MA
Stoyer, NJ
Svirikhin, AI
Tereshatov, EE
Vostokin, GK
Wegrzecki, M
Wilk, PA
Wittwer, D
Yeremin, AV
AF Eichler, R.
Aksenov, N. V.
Albin, Yu. V.
Belozerov, A. V.
Bozhikov, G. A.
Chepigin, V. I.
Dmitriev, S. N.
Dressler, R.
Gaeggeler, H. W.
Gorshkov, V. A.
Henderson, R. A.
Johnsen, A. M.
Kenneally, J. M.
Lebedev, V. Ya
Malyshev, O. N.
Moody, K. J.
Oganessian, Yu. Ts
Petrushkin, O. V.
Piguet, D.
Popeko, A. G.
Rasmussen, P.
Serov, A.
Shaughnessy, D. A.
Shishkin, S. V.
Shutov, A. V.
Stoyer, M. A.
Stoyer, N. J.
Svirikhin, A. I.
Tereshatov, E. E.
Vostokin, G. K.
Wegrzecki, M.
Wilk, P. A.
Wittwer, D.
Yeremin, A. V.
TI Indication for a volatile element 114
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Transactinides; Element 114; Adsorption; The rmochromatography
ID SUPERHEAVY ELEMENTS; METAL-SURFACES; ION REACTIONS; ADSORPTION; RADON;
PREDICTION; SEPARATION; NUCLEI; MASSES; SYSTEM
AB Recently, the chemical investigation of element 112 revealed a highly volatile, noble metallic behaviour, as expected for the last group 12 member of the periodic table. The observed volatility and chemical inertness were ascribed to the growing influence of relativistic effects on the chemical properties of the heaviest elements with increasing nuclear charge. Here, we report for the first time on gas phase chemical experiments aiming at a determination of element 114 properties. This element was investigated using its isotopes (287)114 and (288)114 produced in the nuclear fusion reactions of (48)Ca with (242)pn and (244)Pu respectively. Identification of three atoms of element 114 in thermochromatography experiments and their deposition pattern on a gold surface indicates that this element is at least as volatile as simultaneously investigated elements Hg, At, and element 112. This behaviour is rather unexpected for a typical metal of group 14.
C1 [Eichler, R.; Dressler, R.; Gaeggeler, H. W.; Piguet, D.; Rasmussen, P.; Serov, A.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Radio & Umweltchem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Eichler, R.; Gaeggeler, H. W.; Serov, A.; Wittwer, D.] Univ Bern, Dept Chem & Biochem, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Aksenov, N. V.; Albin, Yu. V.; Belozerov, A. V.; Bozhikov, G. A.; Chepigin, V. I.; Dmitriev, S. N.; Gorshkov, V. A.; Lebedev, V. Ya; Malyshev, O. N.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts; Petrushkin, O. V.; Popeko, A. G.; Shishkin, S. V.; Shutov, A. V.; Svirikhin, A. I.; Tereshatov, E. E.; Vostokin, G. K.; Yeremin, A. V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna 141980, Russia.
[Henderson, R. A.; Johnsen, A. M.; Kenneally, J. M.; Moody, K. J.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Stoyer, M. A.; Stoyer, N. J.; Wilk, P. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Wegrzecki, M.] Inst Electr Mat Technol, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Eichler, R (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Radio & Umweltchem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
EM robert.eichler@psi.ch
RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; Eichler, Robert/G-5130-2011
NR 44
TC 65
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 8
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 3
BP 133
EP 139
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1705
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 577GU
UT WOS:000276211300002
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, NJ
Visser, AE
Williamson, MJ
Mickalonis, JI
Adams, TM
AF Bridges, N. J.
Visser, A. E.
Williamson, M. J.
Mickalonis, J. I.
Adams, T. M.
TI Effects of gamma radiation on electrochemical properties of ionic
liquids
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionic liquids; Electrochemical window; Irradiation
ID ACTINIDE CHEMISTRY
AB The electrochemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) make them attractive for possible replacement of inorganic salts in high temperature molten salt electrochemical processing of nuclear fuel. To be a feasible replacement solvent, ILs need to be stable in moderate and high doses of radiation without adverse chemical and physical effects. Here, we exposed seven different ILs to a 1.2 MGy dose of gamma radiation to investigate their physical and chemical properties as they related to radiological stability. The azolium-based ILs experienced the greatest change in appearance, but these ILs were chemically more stable to gamma radiation than some of the other classes of ILs tested, due to the presence of aromatic electrons in the azolium ring. All the ILs exhibited a decrease in their conductivity and electrochemical window (at least 1.1 V), both of which could affect the utility of ILs in electrochemical processing. The concentration of the irradiation decomposition products was less than 3 mol. %, with no impurities detectable using NMR techniques.
C1 [Bridges, N. J.; Visser, A. E.; Williamson, M. J.; Mickalonis, J. I.; Adams, T. M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Bridges, NJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Mail Stop 20, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM Nicholas.Bridges@srnl.doe.gov
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 12
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 4
BP 243
EP 247
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1704
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 585PM
UT WOS:000276838900009
ER
PT J
AU Suzuki, Y
Nankawa, T
Francis, AJ
Ohnuki, T
AF Suzuki, Y.
Nankawa, T.
Francis, A. J.
Ohnuki, T.
TI Redox behavior of Ce(IV)/Ce(III) in the presence of nitrilotriacetic
acid: A surrogate study for An(IV)/An(III) redox behavior
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cerium(IV/III); Nitrilotriacetic acid; Stability constant; Cyclic
voltammetry; Actinides(IV/III)
ID COMPLEXES; PLUTONIUM; HYDROLYSIS; ACTINIDES; REDUCTION; URANIUM;
LIGANDS; AGENTS
AB Using cyclic voltammetry, we investigated the redox behavior of Ce(IV)/Ce(III), which is a surrogate for An(IV)/An(III) (An = actinides), in a solution of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) at 25 degrees C. The cyclic voltammogram of Ce in a 0.1 M NTA solution at pH 6 showed a reversible one-electron redox reaction for Ce(IV)/Ce(III) at 0.51 V vs. Ag/AgCl. This redox potential was much lower than that obtained in 1 M nitric acid, indicating that Ce(IV) was preferentially stabilized by complexation with NTA. The redox potential in the NTA solution was independent of the Ce concentration from 2 to 20 mM, NTA concentration from 5 to 200 mM and pH between 3 and 7. These results indicated that no polymerization and no additional coordination of NTA and OH(-) to the Ce(III)-NTA complex took place during the redox reaction. As the speciation calculation of Ce(III) in the NTA solution showed that the predominant species was Ce(III)(nta)(2)(3-) (H(3)nta = NTA). the redox reaction of the Ce-NTA complex was expressed by the following: Ce(IV) (nta)(2)(2-) + e(-) reversible arrow Ce(III)(nta)(2)(3-). The logarithm of the stability constant of Ce(IV)(nta)(2)(2-) was calculated to be 38.6 +/- 0.8 for I = 0 from the redox potential shift of Ce(IV)/Ce(III) in the NTA solution. The value was in good accordance with the stability constant of the Np(IV)(nta)(2)(2-) complex, demonstrating that the aqueous coordination chemistry of Ce(IV) with NTA is quite similar to that of An(IV). These results strongly suggest that a negative shift of the Pu(IV)/Pu(III) redox potential in the NTA solution should make Pu(IV) more stable than Pu(III) even in a reducing environment.
C1 [Suzuki, Y.; Nankawa, T.; Ohnuki, T.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan.
[Francis, A. J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Suzuki, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Technol, Sch Biosci & Biotechnol, Tokyo 1920982, Japan.
EM yosuzuki@bs.teu.ac.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
FX The present study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology to Y. S.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 32
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 7
BP 397
EP 402
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1735
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 633EG
UT WOS:000280481700002
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, RE
Schwindt, O
Fenter, P
Soderholm, L
AF Wilson, R. E.
Schwindt, O.
Fenter, P.
Soderholm, L.
TI Exploitation of the sorptive properties of mica for the preparation of
higher-resolution alpha-spectroscopy samples
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpha-spectrometry; Adsorption; Plutonium; Mica
ID KAOLINITE; SMECTITE; SURFACE
AB The ion adsorption properties of muscovite mica were exploited to prepare higher resolution alpha-spectroscopy samples of (242)Pu. The samples prepared by our method are compared to those prepared using electrodeposition methods in terms of their energy resolution. The mica adsorption method results in significant increases in energy resolution vs. that of electrodeposition. Muscovite surface adsorption properties of the mica allow for monolayer adsorption of plutonium thus minimizing energy attenuation and maximizing energy resolution of the resulting spectra. The mica adsorption method allows for simplified preparation of higher-resolution alpha-spectroscopy samples useful for the isotopic analysis of alpha-emitting radionuclides.
C1 [Wilson, R. E.; Fenter, P.; Soderholm, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Schwindt, O.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Nukl Entsorgung, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Wilson, RE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM rewilson@anl.gov
RI Wilson, Richard/H-1763-2011
OI Wilson, Richard/0000-0001-8618-5680
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; United States
Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research
FX This work conducted at Argonne National Laboratory, operated by
UChicagoArgonne LLC for the United States Department of Energy under
contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357, and under support from the United
States Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research.
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 7
BP 431
EP 436
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1736
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 633EG
UT WOS:000280481700006
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, CR
Felmy, AR
Clark, SB
AF Armstrong, C. R.
Felmy, A. R.
Clark, S. B.
TI Solubility of triuranyl diphosphate tetrahydrate (TDT) and Na autunite
at 23 and 50 degrees C
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Autunite; U(VI) phosphate minerals; Actinide contaminant remediation
ID MINERAL EQUILIBRIA; NATURAL-WATERS; URANIUM; PHOSPHATE; HYDROXYAPATITE;
PREDICTION; SORPTION
AB In this report we present experimental solubility data for well-characterized triuranyl diphosphate tetrahydrate (TDT: (UO(2))(3)(PO(4))(2)center dot 4H(2)O) and Na autunite (Na[UO(2)PO(4)]center dot xH(2)O) at 23 and 50 degrees C in NaClO(4)-HClO(4) solutions at pC(H+) = 2. Duplicate samples of TDT in 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 in solutions were equilibrated at 23 and 50 degrees C. TDT solid was synthesized and characterized with ICP-OES, ATR-IR and powder XRD before and after solubility experiments. The pH of the suspensions were monitored throughout the experiments. Equilibrium was achieved from undersaturation with respect to TDT and oversaturation for Na autunite. Steady-state conditions were achieved in all cases within 82 d. TDT was unstable at ionic strengths above 0.1 m, where its complete conversion to Na autunite was observed. The ion-interaction model was used to interpret the experimental solubility data. The solubility product, log K(sp), for TDT was determined to be -49.7 and -51.3 at 23 and 50 degrees C respectively. log K for Na autunite was determined to be -24.4 (23 degrees C) and -24.1 +/- 0.2 (50 degrees C).
C1 [Armstrong, C. R.; Clark, S. B.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Felmy, A. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Clark, SB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM s_clark@wsu.edu
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 549
EP 554
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1752
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700003
ER
PT J
AU Borkowski, M
Richmann, M
Reed, DT
Xiong, Y
AF Borkowski, M.
Richmann, M.
Reed, D. T.
Xiong, Y.
TI Complexation of Nd(III) with tetraborate ion and its effect on
actinide(III) solubility in WIPP brine
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Borax; Borate complexation; Nd-tetraborate stability constant; Nd-borate
Pitzer parameter; Neodymium-borate SIT coefficients
ID BORATE; EQUILIBRIA
AB The potential importance of tetraborate complexation on lanthanide(III) and actinide(III) solubility is recognized in the literature but a systematic study of f-element complexation has not been performed. In neodymium solubility studies in WIPP brines, the carbonate complexation effect is not observed since tetraborate ions form a moderately strong complex with neodymium(III). The existence of these tetraborate complexes was established for low and high ionic strength solutions. Changes in neodymium(III) concentrations in undersaturation experiments were used to determine the neodymium with tetraborate stability constants as a function of NaCl ionic strength. As very low Nd(III) concentrations have to be measured, it was necessary to use an extraction pre-concentration step combined with ICP-MS analysis to extend the detection limit by a factor of 50.
The determined Nd(III) with borate stability constants at infinite dilution and 25 degrees C are equal to log beta(1) = 4.55 +/- 0.06 using the SIT approach, equal to log beta(1) = 4.99 +/- 0.30 using the Pitzer approach, with an apparent log beta(1) = 4.06 +/- 0.15 (in molal units) at I = 5.6 m NaCl. Pitzer ion-interaction parameters for neodymium with tetraborate and SIT interaction coefficients were also determined and reported.
C1 [Borkowski, M.; Richmann, M.; Reed, D. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
[Xiong, Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad Program Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
RP Borkowski, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, 115 Main St, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
EM marian@lanl.gov
NR 17
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 13
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 577
EP 582
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1756
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700007
ER
PT J
AU Boggs, MA
Dong, W
Gu, B
Wall, NA
AF Boggs, M. A.
Dong, W.
Gu, B.
Wall, N. A.
TI Complexation of Tc(IV) with acetate at varying ionic strengths
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Tc(IV); Acetate stability constant; Solvent extraction; Specific ion
interaction theory
ID CONSTANTS; TECHNETIUM; REDUCTION; FE(II); ACIDS
AB In order to accurately model and predict the fate and transport of metals and radionuclides at multiple radio-contaminated sites, there is a need for an understanding on how metals such as technetium interact with their environment. Many contaminated sites are known to contain large amounts of organic ligands that can affect the solubility and mobility of metals. This study focuses on the effect of acetate on the complexation and dissolution of Tc(IV). Studies were performed at pcH 4.5 (+/-0.3), at which TcOOH(+) is the predominant species. The stability constants for the TcOOH-acetate complex were determined at ionic strengths varying from 0.5 to 3.0 M (NaCl), using a solvent extraction method. The stability constants showed the expected increasing trend over the range of ionic strengths, from 2.46 +/- 0.03 (I = 0.5) to 3.09 +/- 0.08 (I = 3.0). A stability constant of 2.8 +/- 0.16 at zero ionic strength was determined by specific ion interaction theory. Geochemical modeling data suggest that the dissolution of TcO(2)center dot 1.6H(2)O is not greatly affected by the presence of acetate, at concentrations equal or less than 20 mM.
C1 [Boggs, M. A.; Wall, N. A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Dong, W.; Gu, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wall, NA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM nawall@wsu.edu
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Boggs, Mark/I-6954-2012; Dong,
Wenming/G-3221-2015
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Dong, Wenming/0000-0003-2074-8887
NR 17
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 14
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 583
EP 587
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1757
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700008
ER
PT J
AU Hu, YJ
Schwaiger, LK
Booth, CH
Kukkadapu, RK
Cristiano, E
Kaplan, D
Nitsche, H
AF Hu, Y. -J.
Schwaiger, L. K.
Booth, C. H.
Kukkadapu, R. K.
Cristiano, E.
Kaplan, D.
Nitsche, H.
TI Molecular interactions of plutonium(VI) with synthetic
manganese-substituted goethite
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Plutonium; XAS; Redox; Sorption; Manganese-substituted goethite; Iron
ID OXIDATION-STATES; URANYL-ION; SPECIATION; REDUCTION; SPECTRA; TUFF;
SPECTROSCOPY; ENVIRONMENT; ADSORPTION; JACOBSITE
AB Plutonium(VI) sorption on the surface of well-characterized synthetic manganese-substituted goethite minerals (Fe(1-x)Mn(x)OOH) was studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We chose to study the influence of manganese as a minor component in goethite because goethite rarely exists as a pure phase in nature. Manganese X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements indicated that essentially all the Mn in the goethite existed as Mn(III), even though Mn was added during mineral synthesis as Mn(II). Importantly, energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated that Mn did not exist as discrete phases and that it was homogeneously mixed into the goethite to within the limit of detection of the method. Furthermore, Mossbauer spectra demonstrated that all Fe existed as Fe(III), with no Fe(II) present. Plutonium(VI) sorption experiments were conducted open to air and no attempt was made to exclude carbonate. The use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy allows us to directly and unambiguously measure the oxidation state of plutonium in situ at the mineral surface. Plutonium X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements carried out on these samples showed that Pu(VI) was reduced to Pu(IV) upon contact with the mineral. This reduction appears to be strongly correlated with mineral solution pH, coinciding with pH transitions across the point of zero charge of the mineral. Furthermore, extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements show evidence of direct plutonium binding to the metal surface as an inner-sphere complex. This combination of extensive mineral characterization and advanced spectroscopy suggests that sorption of the plutonium onto the surface of the mineral was followed by reduction of the plutonium at the surface of the mineral to form an inner-sphere complex. Because manganese is often found in the environment as a minor component associated with major mineral components, such as goethite, understanding the molecular-level interactions of plutonium with such substituted mineral phases is important for risk assessment purposes at radioactively contaminated sites and long-term underground radioactive waste repositories.
C1 [Hu, Y. -J.; Schwaiger, L. K.; Nitsche, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hu, Y. -J.; Schwaiger, L. K.; Cristiano, E.; Nitsche, H.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Booth, C. H.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kukkadapu, R. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Kaplan, D.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Nitsche, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM HNitsche@lbl.gov
RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008
NR 43
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 24
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 655
EP 663
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1766
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700017
ER
PT J
AU Hixon, AE
Hu, YJ
Kaplan, DI
Kukkadapu, RK
Nitsche, H
Qafoku, O
Powell, BA
AF Hixon, A. E.
Hu, Y. -J.
Kaplan, D. I.
Kukkadapu, R. K.
Nitsche, H.
Qafoku, O.
Powell, B. A.
TI Influence of iron redox transformations on plutonium sorption to
sediments
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Plutonium; Subsurface transport; Redox; XANES; Iron; Kinetics
ID DIFFERENT OXIDATION-STATES; SUBSURFACE ENVIRONMENT; WATER INTERFACE;
REDUCTION; ADSORPTION; ACTINIDES; SOLUBILITY; TRANSPORT; GOETHITE;
MOBILITY
AB Plutonium subsurface mobility is primarily controlled by its oxidation state, which in turn is loosely coupled to the oxidation state of iron in the system. Experiments were conducted to examine the effect of sediment iron mineral composition and oxidation state on plutonium sorption and reduction. A pH 6.3 vadose zone sediment containing iron oxides and iron-containing phyllosilicates was treated with various complexants (ammonium oxalate) and reductants (hydroxylamine hydrochloride and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)) to selectively leach and/or reduce iron oxide and phyllosilicate/clay Fe(III). (57)Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to identify initial iron mineral composition of the sediment and monitor dissolution and reduction of iron oxides and reduction of phyllosilicate Fe(III). (57)Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy showed that the Fe-mineral composition of the untreated sediment is: 25-30% hematite, 60-65% small-particle/Al-goethite, and < 10% Fe(III) in phyllosilicate; there was no detectable Fe(II). Upon reduction with a strong chemical reductant (dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate buffer), much of the hematite and goethite was removed. Partial reduction of phyllosilicate Fe(III) was evident in the sediments subjected to DCB treatment. Sorption of Pu(V) was monitored over one week for the untreated and each of five treated sediment fractions. Plutonium oxidation state speciation in the aqueous and solid phases was monitored using solvent extraction, coprecipitation, and XANES. The rate of sorption appears to correlate with the fraction of Fe(II) in the sediment (untreated or treated). Pu(V) was the only oxidation state measured in the aqueous phase, irrespective of treatment, whereas Pu(IV) and much smaller amounts of Pu(V) and Pu(VI) were measured in the solid phase. Surface-mediated reduction of Pu(V) to Pu(IV) occurred in treated and untreated sediment samples; Pu(V) remained on untreated sediment surface for two days before reducing to Pu(IV). Similar to the sorption kinetics, the reduction rate appears to be correlated with sediment Fe(II) concentration. The correlation between Fe(II) concentrations and Pu(V) reduction demonstrates the potential impact of changing iron mineralogy on plutonium subsurface transport through redox transition areas. These findings should influence the conceptual models of long-term stewardship of Pu contaminated sites that have fluctuating redox conditions, such as vadose zones or riparian zones.
C1 [Hixon, A. E.; Powell, B. A.] Clemson Univ, Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Clemson, SC USA.
[Hu, Y. -J.; Nitsche, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hu, Y. -J.; Nitsche, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kaplan, D. I.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Kukkadapu, R. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Powell, BA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Clemson, SC USA.
EM bpowell@clemson.edu
RI Powell, Brian /C-7640-2011; Hixon, Amy/D-4608-2016;
OI Powell, Brian /0000-0003-0423-0180; Hixon, Amy/0000-0003-4513-4574
NR 28
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 48
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 685
EP 692
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1769
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700020
ER
PT J
AU Liu, C
Zhong, L
Zachara, JM
AF Liu, C.
Zhong, L.
Zachara, J. M.
TI Uranium(VI) diffusion in low-permeability subsurface materials
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Uranium; Diffusion; Species-based diffusion; Retardation; Surface
complexation
ID MASS-TRANSFER; MODEL; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; SEDIMENTS; AQUIFER;
GRANITE; IBARAKI; JAPAN; INADA
AB Uranium(VI) diffusion was investigated in a fine-grained saprolite sediment that was collected from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Oak Ridge site, TN, where uranium contamination in groundwater is a major environmental concern. U(VI) diffusion was studied in a diffusion cell with one cell end in contact with a large, air-equilibrated electrolyte reservoir. The pH, carbonate and U(VI) concentrations in the reservoir solution were varied to investigate the effect of solution chemical composition and uranyl speciation on U(VI) diffusion. The rates of U(VI) diffusion were evaluated by monitoring the U(VI) concentration in the reservoir solution as a function of time; and by measuring the total concentration of U(VI) extracted from the sediment as a function of time and distance in the diffusion cells. The estimated apparent rate of U(VI) diffusion varied significantly with pH, with the slowest rate observed at pH 7 as a result of strong adsorptive retardation. The estimated retardation factor was generally consistent with a surface complexation model. Numerical simulations indicated that a species-based diffusion model that incorporated both aqueous and surface complexation reactions was required to describe U(VI) diffusion in the low permeability material under variable geochemical conditions. Our results implied that low permeability materials will play an important role in storing U(VI) and attenuating U(VI) plume migration at circumneutral pH conditions, and will serve as a long-term source for releasing U(VI) back to the nearby aquifer during and after aquifer decontamination.
C1 [Liu, C.; Zhong, L.; Zachara, J. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Liu, C (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov
RI Liu, Chongxuan/C-5580-2009
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 8
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 719
EP 726
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1773
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700024
ER
PT J
AU Schwantes, JM
Santschi, PH
AF Schwantes, J. M.
Santschi, P. H.
TI Mechanisms of plutonium sorption to mineral oxide surfaces: new insights
with implications for colloid-enhanced migration
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of
Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere
CY SEP 20-25, 2009
CL Kennewick, WA
DE Plutonium; Sorption; Reactive transport; Colloid migration
ID INORGANIC COLLOIDS; ADSORPTION; GOETHITE; KINETICS; TIO2; IV
AB New equilibrium and kinetic models have been developed to describe rate-limited sorption and desorption of Pu onto and off of mineral oxide surfaces using a generic approach to estimate sorption constants that require minimal laboratory calibrations. Equilibrium reactions describing a total of six surface species were derived from a combination of empirical relationships previously described in the literature and generated as part of this work. These sorption reactions and corresponding equilibrium constants onto goethite (and silica) are:
equivalent to SOH + Pu3+ <-> equivalent to SOPu2+ + H+, log K = -2.1(-10) (1)
equivalent to SOH + Pu4+ <-> equivalent to SOPu3+ + H+, log K = 15.3(7.2) (2)
equivalent to SOH + PuO2+ <-> equivalent to SOPuO2 + H+, log K = -8.5(-16.5) (3)
equivalent to SOH + PuO22+ <-> equivalent to SOPuO2+ + H+, log K = 1.2(-6.5) (4)
equivalent to SOH + Pu4+ + 3H(2)O <-> equivalent to SOPu(OH)(3) + 4H(+), log K = 12.5(4.6) (5)
equivalent to SOH + Pu4+ + 4H(2)O <-> equivalent to SOPu(OH)(4)(-) + 5H(+), log K = 5.0(-2.3) (6)
The kinetic model decouples reduced (III, IV) and oxidized (V, VI) forms of Pu via a single rate-limiting, but reversible, surface mediated reaction:
equivalent to SOPuO2 + H2O + 1/2H(2(g)) (k2)reversible arrow(k1) equivalent to SOPu(OH)(2) log k(1) = -5.3 (7)
Where the reaction rate is equal to:
-d[equivalent to SOPu2]/dt = k(1)[Pu-ox] - k(2)[Pu-red] (8)
and [Pu-ox] and [Pu-red] are the sums of the oxidized (V and VI) and reduced (III and IV) surface species, respectively. Predictions using the equilibrium and kinetic models were validated against previously published experimental results, which give credence to the validity of the proposed mechanisms controlling the sorption of Pu onto mineral oxide surfaces. Of importance, a reversible, rate-limited, reaction successfully predicted time dependent behavior associated with Pu sorption onto goethite. Previously, researchers have suggested desorption of Pu to these surfaces is extremely slow or even irreversible. Model predictions based on such suggestions would severely overestimate the kinetic stability of Pu sorbed species and the overall importance that Pu sorption kinetics, alone, has on pseudo-colloid transport mechanisms.
C1 [Schwantes, J. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Adv Radioanalyt Chem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Santschi, P. H.] Texas A&M Univ, Lab Oceanog & Environm Res, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Schwantes, JM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Adv Radioanalyt Chem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM jon.schwantes@pnl.gov
RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 9-11
SI SI
BP 737
EP 742
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1775
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 678ZO
UT WOS:000284126700026
ER
PT J
AU Aryal, UK
Ross, ARS
AF Aryal, Uma K.
Ross, Andrew R. S.
TI Enrichment and analysis of phosphopeptides under different experimental
conditions using titanium dioxide affinity chromatography and mass
spectrometry
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL FRACTIONATION;
HIGHLY SELECTIVE ENRICHMENT; PHOSPHORYLATED PEPTIDES; RETENTION
BEHAVIOR; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; PROTEINS;
PHOSPHOPROTEOMICS; MS/MS
AB Titanium dioxide metal oxide affinity chromatography (TiO(2)-MOAC) is widely regarded as being more selective than immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) for phosphopeptide enrichment. However, the widespread application of TiO(2)-MOAC to biological samples is hampered by conflicting reports as to which experimental conditions are optimal. We have evaluated the performance of TiO(2)-MOAC under a wide range of loading and elution conditions. Loading and stringent washing of peptides with strongly acidic solutions ensured highly selective enrichment for phosphopeptides, with minimal carryover of non-phosphorylated peptides. Contrary to previous reports, the addition of glycolic acid to the loading solution was found to reduce specificity towards phosphopeptides. Base elution in ammonium hydroxide or ammonium phosphate provided optimal specificity and recovery of phosphorylated peptides. In contrast, elution with phosphoric acid gave incomplete recovery of phosphopeptides, whereas inclusion of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in the eluant introduced a bias against the recovery of multiply phosphorylated peptides. TiO(2)-MOAC was also found to be intolerant of many reagents commonly used as phosphatase inhibitors during protein purification. However, TiO(2)-MOAC showed higher specificity than immobilized gallium (Ga(3+)), immobilized iron (Fe(3+)), or zirconium dioxide (ZrO(2)) affinity chromatography for phosphopeptide enrichment. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) was more effective in detecting larger, multiply phosphorylated peptides than liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS), which was more efficient for smaller, singly phosphorylated peptides. Copyright (C) 2009 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Aryal, Uma K.; Ross, Andrew R. S.] CNR, Inst Plant Biotechnol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada.
RP Aryal, UK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,962 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Uma.Arval@pnl.gov
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
NRC-PBI; Saskatchewan Provincial Government; National Research Council
of Canada
FX We thank Doug Olson and Steve Ambrose of the Mass Spectrometry and
Protein Research Group at NRC-PBI for technical support. We also thank
Dr. Joan Krochko for valuable suggestions and Dr. Randy Purves for
reviewing the manuscript. The Visiting Fellow and Research Associate
positions awarded to UKA by, respectively, the Natural Science and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and NRC-PBI are also
gratefully acknowledged. Funding for protein mass spectrometry equipment
was provided by the Saskatchewan Provincial Government and the National
Research Council of Canada, from which this article is contribution
number 50149.
NR 38
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 7
U2 35
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 2
BP 219
EP 231
DI 10.1002/rcm.4377
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 545YM
UT WOS:000273773200007
PM 20014058
ER
PT J
AU Dain, RP
Leavitt, CM
Oomens, J
Steill, JD
Groenewold, GS
Van Stipdonk, MJ
AF Dain, Ryan P.
Leavitt, Christopher M.
Oomens, Jos
Steill, Jeffrey D.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Van Stipdonk, Michael J.
TI Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy of sodium and
potassium chlorate anions
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALKALI-METAL CHLORATES; ION-PAIRS;
MATRIX-ISOLATION; GAS-PHASE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; AB-INITIO;
COORDINATION; GEOMETRIES; COMPLEXES
AB The structures of gas-phase, metal chlorate anions with the formula [M(ClO(3))(2)](-), M = Na and K, were determined using tandem mass spectrometry and infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy. Structural assignments for both anions are based on comparisons of the experimental vibrational spectra for the two species with those predicted by density functional theory (DFT) and involve conformations that feature either bidentate or tridentate coordination of the cation by chlorate. Our results strongly suggest that a structure in which both chlorate anions are bidentate ligands is preferred for [Na(ClO(3))(2)](-). However, for [K(ClO(3))(2)](-) the best agreement between experimental and theoretical spectra is obtained from a composite of predicted spectra for which the chlorate anions are either both bidentate or both tridentate ligands. In general, we find that the overall accuracy of DFT calculations for prediction of IR spectra is dependent on both functional and basis set, with best agreement achieved using frequencies generated at the B3LYP/6-311+g(3df) level of theory. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Dain, Ryan P.; Leavitt, Christopher M.; Van Stipdonk, Michael J.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
[Oomens, Jos; Steill, Jeffrey D.] EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Van Stipdonk, MJ (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
EM mike.vanstipdonk@wichita.edu
RI Oomens, Jos/F-9691-2015
FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [CAREER-0239800, EIA-0216178,
EIS-0236913]; Fairmount College of Liberal Arts and Sciences of Wichita
State University; State of Kansas; HIPECC; U.S. Department of Energy,
Idaho National Laboratory, DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE AC07
05ID14517]; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
(NWO); National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA
[CHE-9909502]
FX Work by CML, RPD and MVS is supported in part by a grant from the U.S.
National Science Foundation (NSF grant CAREER-0239800) and the Fairmount
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences of Wichita State University.
Density functional theory calculations were performed at Wichita State
University using resources of the High-performance Computing Center
(HIPECC), a facility supported by the NSF under Grants EIA-0216178 and
EIS-0236913 and matching support from the State of Kansas and HIPECC.
Work by GSG is Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Idaho
National Laboratory, DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE AC07
05ID14517. JO and JS are supported by the Nederlandse Organisatie voor
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO). Construction and shipping of the
FT-ICR-MS instrument was made possible through funding from the National
High Field FT-ICR Facility (grant CHE-9909502) at the National High
Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA. The excellent Support
by Dr B. Redlich and others of the FELIX staff is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 13
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 2
BP 232
EP 238
DI 10.1002/rcm.4379
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 545YM
UT WOS:000273773200008
PM 20014046
ER
PT S
AU Yang, L
Karim, R
Ganapathy, V
Smith, R
AF Yang, Liu
Karim, Rezwana
Ganapathy, Vinod
Smith, Randy
BE Jha, S
Sommer, R
Kreibich, C
TI Improving NFA-Based Signature Matching Using Ordered Binary Decision
Diagrams
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN INTRUSION DETECTION
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 13th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection
Systems
CY SEP 15-17, 2010
CL Ottawa, CANADA
DE NIDS; signature matching; ordered binary decision diagrams
ID NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION; ARCHITECTURE; NIDS
AB Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) make extensive use of regular expressions as attack signatures. Internally, NIDS represent and operate these signatures using finite automata. Existing representations of finite automata present a well-known time-space tradeoff: Deterministic automata (DFAs) provide fast matching but are memory intensive, while non-deterministic automata (NFAs) are space-efficient but are several orders of magnitude slower than DFAs. This time/space tradeoff has motivated much recent research, primarily with a focus on improving the space-efficiency of DFAs, often at the cost of reducing their performance.
This paper presents NFA-OBDDs, a symbolic representation of NFAs that retains their space-efficiency while improving their time-efficiency. Experiments using Snort HTTP and FTP signature sets show that an NFA-OBDD-based representation of regular expressions can outperform traditional NFAs by up to three orders of magnitude and is competitive with a variant of DFAs, while still remaining as compact as NFAs.
C1 [Yang, Liu; Karim, Rezwana; Ganapathy, Vinod] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
[Smith, Randy] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Yang, L (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
FU NSF [0831268, 0915394, 0931992, 0952128]
FX Supported in part by NSF grants 0831268, 0915394, 0931992 and 0952128.
L. Yang and R. Karim contributed equally, while R. Smith contributed
while at the University ofWisconsin.
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15511-6
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6307
BP 58
EP +
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BTC73
UT WOS:000286486100004
ER
PT S
AU Hirata, S
Fan, PD
Head-Gordon, M
Kamiya, M
Keceli, M
Lee, TJ
Shiozaki, T
Szczepanski, J
Vala, M
Valeev, EF
Yagi, K
AF Hirata, So
Fan, Peng-Dong
Head-Gordon, Martin
Kamiya, Muneaki
Keceli, Murat
Lee, Timothy J.
Shiozaki, Toru
Szczepanski, Jan
Vala, Martin
Valeev, Edward F.
Yagi, Kiyoshi
BE Chaudhuri, RK
Mekkaden, MV
Raveendran, AV
Narayanan, AS
TI Computational Interstellar Chemistry
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN SPECTROSCOPY: THEORETICAL, ASTROPHYSICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Recent Advances in Spectroscopy -
Theoretical, Astrophysical and Experimental Perspectives
CY JAN 28-31, 2009
CL Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory, Bangalore, INDIA
HO Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory
ID VIBRATIONAL-STATE CALCULATIONS; COUPLED-CLUSTER METHODS; BODY
PERTURBATION THEORIES; ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED-STATES; H2CO;
CATION; FIELD; ENERGIES; C6H6
AB Computational applications of electronic and vibrational many-body theories are increasingly indispensable in interpreting and, in some instances, predicting the spectra of gas-phase molecular species of importance in interstellar chemistry as well as in atmospheric and combustion chemistry. This chapter briefly reviews our methodological developments of electronic and vibrational many-body theories that are particularly useful for these gas-phase molecular problems. Their applications to anharmonic vibrational frequencies of triatomic and tetratomic interstellar molecules and to electronic absorption spectra of the radical ions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, are also discussed.
C1 [Hirata, So; Fan, Peng-Dong; Kamiya, Muneaki; Shiozaki, Toru; Szczepanski, Jan; Vala, Martin] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Hirata, So] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Fan, Peng-Dong] Pacific Northwestern Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 92717 USA.
[Kamiya, Muneaki] Gifu Univ, Fac Reg Stud, Gifu, Japan.
[Lee, Timothy J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA.
[Shiozaki, Toru; Yagi, Kiyoshi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Chem, Tokyo, Japan.
[Valeev, Edward F.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Yagi, Kiyoshi] Univ Yamanashi, Nanomat Res Ctr, Yamanashi, Japan.
RP Hirata, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM hirata@qtp.ufl.edu
RI Lee, Timothy/K-2838-2012
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-10321-6
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 21
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10322-3_3
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPU05
UT WOS:000279938400003
ER
PT S
AU Balaji, P
Buntinas, D
Goodell, D
Gropp, W
Krishna, J
Lusk, E
Thakur, R
AF Balaji, Pavan
Buntinas, Darius
Goodell, David
Gropp, William
Krishna, Jayesh
Lusk, Ewing
Thakur, Rajeev
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI PMI: A Scalable Parallel Process-Management Interface for Extreme-Scale
Systems
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
AB Parallel programming models on large-scale systems require a scalable system for managing the processes that make up the execution of a parallel program. The process-management system must be able to launch millions of processes quickly when starting a parallel program and must provide mechanisms for the processes to exchange the information needed to enable them communicate with each other. MPICH2 and its derivatives achieve this functionality through a carefully defined interface, called PM I, that allows different process managers to interact with the MPI library in a. standardized way. In this paper, we describe the features and capabilities of PMI. We describe both PMI-1, the current generation of PMI used in MPICH2 and all its derivatives, as well as PMI-2, the second-generation of PMI that eliminates various shortcomings in PMI-1. Together with the interface itself, we also describe a reference implementation for both PMI-1. and PMI-2 in a new process-management framework within MPICH2, called Hydra, and compare their performance in running MPI jobs with thousands of processes.
C1 [Balaji, Pavan; Buntinas, Darius; Goodell, David; Krishna, Jayesh; Lusk, Ewing; Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Balaji, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science,
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER25835];
National Science Foundation [0702182]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357; by the DOE grant DE-FG02-08ER25835; and by
the National Science Foundation under grant 0702182.
NR 6
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 31
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600004
ER
PT S
AU Kimpe, D
Goodell, D
Ross, R
AF Kimpe, Dries
Goodell, David
Ross, Robert
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI MPI Datatype Marshalling: A Case Study in Datatype Equivalence
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
ID DATA-TYPE SIGNATURES; DATATYPES
AB MPI datatypes are a convenient abstraction for manipulating complex data structures and are useful in a number of contexts. In some cases, these descriptions need to be preserved on disk or communicated between processes, such as when defining RMA windows. We propose an extension to MPI that enables marshalling and unmarshalling MPI datatypes in the spirit of MPI_Pack/MPI_Unpack. Issues in MPI. datatype equivalence are discussed in detail and an implementation of the new interface outside of MPI is presented. The new marshalling interface provides a mechanism for serializing all aspects of an MPI datatype: the typemap, upper/lower bounds, name, contents/envelope information, and attributes.
C1 [Kimpe, Dries; Goodell, David; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kimpe, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dkimpe@mcs.anl.gov; goodell@mcs.anl.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 82
EP 91
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600009
ER
PT S
AU Krishna, J
Balaji, P
Lusk, E
Thakur, R
Tillier, F
AF Krishna, Jayesh
Balaji, Pavan
Lusk, Ewing
Thakur, Rajeev
Tillier, Fabian
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI Implementing MPI on Windows: Comparison with Common Approaches on Unix
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
AB Commercial HPC applications are often run on clusters that use the Microsoft Windows operating system and need an MPI implementation that runs efficiently in the Windows environment. The MPI developer community, however, is more familiar with the issues involved in implementing MPI in a Unix environment. In this paper, we discuss some of the differences in implementing MPI on Windows and Unix, particularly with respect to issues such as asynchronous progress, process management, shared-memory access, and threads. We describe how we implement MPICH2 on Windows and exploit these Windows-specific features while still maintaining large parts of the code common with the Unix version. We also present performance results comparing the performance of MPICH2 on Unix and Windows on the same hardware. For zero-byte MPI messages, we measured excellent shared-memory latencies of 240 and 275 nanoseconds on Unix and Windows, respectively.
C1 [Krishna, Jayesh; Balaji, Pavan; Lusk, Ewing; Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Tillier, Fabian] Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA USA.
RP Krishna, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU Microsoft Corp; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research Office
of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported in part by a grant from Microsoft Corp. and in
part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 160
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600017
ER
PT S
AU Keller, R
Graham, RL
AF Keller, Rainer
Graham, Richard L.
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI Characteristics of the Unexpected Message Queue of MPI Applications
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
ID IMPLEMENTATION
AB High Performance Computing systems are used on a regular basis to run a myriad of application codes, yet a surprising dearth of information exists with respect to communications characteristics. Even less information is available on the low-level communication libraries, such as the length of MPI Unexpected Message Queues (UMQs) and the length of time such messages spend in these queues. Such information is vital to developing appropriate strategies for handling such data at the library and system level. In this paper we present data on the communication characteristics of three applications GTC, LSMS, and S3D. We present data on the size of their UMQ, the time spend searching the UMQ and the length of time such messages spend in these queues. We find that for the particular inputs used, these applications have widely varying characteristics with regard to UMQ length and show patterns for specific applications which persist over various scales.
C1 [Keller, Rainer; Graham, Richard L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Keller, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM keller@ornl.gov; rlgraham@ornl.gov; keller@ornl.gov
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 179
EP 188
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600019
ER
PT S
AU Brightwell, R
Ferreira, K
Riesen, R
AF Brightwell, Ron
Ferreira, Kurt
Riesen, Rolf
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI Transparent Redundant Computing with MPI
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
DE Fault tolerance; Redundant computing; Profiling interface
AB Extreme-scale parallel systems will require alternative methods for applications to maintain current levels of uninterrupted execution. Redundant computation is one approach to consider, if the benefits of increased resiliency outweigh the cost of consuming additional resources. We describe a transparent redundancy approach for MPI applications and detail two different implementations that provide the ability to tolerate a range of failure scenarios, including loss of application processes and connectivity. We compare these two approaches and show performance results from micro-benchmarks that bound worst-case message passing performance degradation. We propose several enhancements that could lower the overhead of providing resiliency through redundancy.
C1 [Brightwell, Ron; Ferreira, Kurt; Riesen, Rolf] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brightwell, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM rbbrigh@sandia.gov; kbferre@sandia.gov; rolf@sandia.gov
RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 208
EP 218
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600022
ER
PT S
AU Hemmert, KS
Barrett, B
Underwood, KD
AF Hemmert, K. Scott
Barrett, Brian
Underwood, Keith D.
BE Keller, R
Gabriel, E
Resch, M
Dongarra, J
TI Using Triggered Operations to Offload Collective Communication
Operations
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 17th European MPI Users Group Meeting
CY SEP 12-15, 2010
CL Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
SP Univ Stuttgart, High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab
HO Univ Stuttgart
AB Efficient collective operations are a major component of application scalability. Offload of collective operations onto the network interface reduces many of the latencies that are inherent in network communications and, consequently, reduces the time to perform the collective operation. To support offload, it is desirable to expose semantic building blocks that are simple to offload and yet powerful enough to implement a variety of collective algorithms. This paper presents the implementation of barrier and broadcast leveraging triggered operations a semantic building block for collective offload. Triggered operations are shown to be both semantically powerful and capable of improving performance.
C1 [Hemmert, K. Scott; Barrett, Brian] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Underwood, Keith D.] INTEL Corp, Hillsboro, OR USA.
RP Hemmert, KS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM kshemme@sandia.gov; bwbarre@sandia.gov; keith.d.underwood@intel.com
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15645-8
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6305
BP 249
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ55
UT WOS:000286166600026
ER
PT S
AU Albin, DS
del Cueto, JA
AF Albin, D. S.
del Cueto, J. A.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Effect of Hysteresis on Measurements of Thin-Film Cell Performance
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE CdTe solar cell; transient capacitance; DLTS; transient ion drift;
reliability; degradation; voltage-dependent collection
ID TRANSIENT ION-DRIFT; SOLAR-CELLS
AB Transient or hysteresis effects in polycrystalline thin film CdS/CdTe cells are a function of pre-measurement voltage bias and whether Cu is introduced as an intentional dopant during back contact fabrication. When Cu is added, the current-density (J) vs. voltage (V) measurements performed in a reverse-to-forward voltage direction will yield higher open-circuit voltage (V-oc), up to 10 mV, and smaller short-circuit current density (J(sc)), by up to 2 mA/cm(2), relative to scanning voltage in a forward-to-reverse direction. The variation at the maximum power point, P-max, is however small. The resulting variation in FF can be as large as 3%. When Cu is not added, hysteresis in both V-oc and J(sc) is negligible however P-max hysteresis is considerably greater. This behavior corroborates observed changes in depletion width, W-d, derived from capacitance (C) vs voltage (V) scans. Measured values of W-d are always smaller in reverse-to-forward voltage scans, and conversely, larger in the forward-to-reverse voltage direction. Transient ion drift (TID) measurements performed on Cu-containing cells do not show ionic behavior suggesting that capacitance transients are more likely due to electronic capture-emission processes. J-V curve simulation using Pspice shows that increased transient capacitance during light-soak stress at 100 degrees C correlates with increased space-charge recombination. Voltage-dependent collection however was not observed to increase with stress in these cells.
C1 [Albin, D. S.; del Cueto, J. A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Denver, CO 80401 USA.
RP Albin, DS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Denver, CO 80401 USA.
EM david_albin@nrel.gov
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730N
DI 10.1117/12.861175
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600020
ER
PT S
AU del Cueto, JA
Rummel, SR
AF del Cueto, J. A.
Rummel, S. R.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules Under High Voltage Stress in the
Field
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE photovoltaic; high-voltage stress; degradation; leakage currents;
reliability
ID CORROSION
AB The degradation in performance for eight photovoltaic (PV) modules stressed at high voltage (HV) is presented. Four types of modules-tandem-junction and triple-junction amorphous thin-film silicon, plus crystalline and polycrystalline silicon modules-were tested, with a pair of each biased at opposite polarities. They were deployed outdoors between 2001 and 2009 with their respective HV leakage currents through the module encapsulation continuously monitored with a data acquisition system, along with air temperature and relative humidity. For the first 5 years, all modules were biased continuously at fixed 600 VDC, day and night. In the last 2 years, the modules were step-bias stressed cyclically up and down in voltage between 10 and 600 VDC, in steps of tens to hundreds of volts. This allowed characterization of leakage current versus voltage under a large range of temperature and moisture conditions, facilitating determination of leakage paths. An analysis of the degradation is presented, along with integrated leakage charge. In HV operation: the bulk silicon modules degraded either insignificantly or at rates of 0.1%/yr higher than modules not biased at HV; for the thin-film silicon modules, the added loss rates are insignificant for one type, or 0.2%/yr-0.6%/yr larger for the other type.
C1 [del Cueto, J. A.; Rummel, S. R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP del Cueto, JA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM joseph.delcueto@nrel.gov
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730J
DI 10.1117/12.861226
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600018
ER
PT S
AU Miller, DC
Gedvilas, LM
To, B
Kennedy, CE
Kurtz, SR
AF Miller, David C.
Gedvilas, Lynn M.
To, Bobby
Kennedy, Cheryl E.
Kurtz, Sarah R.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Durability of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Lenses Used in Concentrating
Photovoltaic Modules
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Fresnel lens; PMMA; accelerated life testing; reliability; durability
AB Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) technology has recently gained interest based on their expected low levelized cost of electricity, high efficiency, and scalability. Many CPV systems use Fresnel lenses made of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to obtain a high optical flux density. The optical and mechanical durability of such components, however, are not well established relative to the desired service life of 30 years. Specific reliability issues may include: reduced optical transmittance, discoloration, hazing, surface erosion, embrittlement, crack growth, physical aging, shape setting (warpage), and soiling. The initial results for contemporary lens-and material-specimens aged cumulatively to 6 months are presented. The study here uses an environmental chamber equipped with a xenon-arc lamp to age specimens at least 8x the nominal field rate. A broad range in the affected characteristics (including optical transmittance, yellowness index, mass loss, and contact angle) has been observed to date, depending on the formulation of PMMA used. The most affected specimens are further examined in terms of their visual appearance, surface roughness (examined via atomic force microscopy), and molecular structure (via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy).
C1 [Miller, David C.; Gedvilas, Lynn M.; To, Bobby; Kennedy, Cheryl E.; Kurtz, Sarah R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Miller, DC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM David.Miller@nrel.gov
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 777303
DI 10.1117/12.861096
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600003
ER
PT S
AU Myers, DR
AF Myers, Daryl R.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Comparison of direct normal irradiance derived from silicon and
thermopile global hemispherical radiation detectors
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Silicon; Thermopile; Detectors; Solar Radiation; Direct Beam; Accuracy;
Uncertainty
AB Concentrating solar applications utilize direct normal irradiance (DNI) radiation, a measurement rarely available. The solar concentrator industry has begun to deploy numerous measurement stations to prospect for suitable system deployment sites. Rotating shadowband radiometers (RSR) using silicon photodiodes as detectors are typically deployed. This paper compares direct beam estimates from RSR to a total hemispherical measuring radiometer (SPN1) multiple fast thermopiles. These detectors simultaneously measure total and diffuse radiation from which DNI can be computed. Both the SPN1 and RSR-derived DNI are compared to DNI measured with thermopile pyrheliometers. Our comparison shows that the SPN1 radiometer DNI estimated uncertainty is somewhat greater than, and on the same order as, the RSR DNI estimates for DNI magnitudes useful to concentrator technologies.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Myers, DR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730G
DI 10.1117/12.859732
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600015
ER
PT S
AU Pern, FJ
To, B
Glick, SH
Sundaramoorthy, R
DeHart, C
Glynn, S
Perkins, C
Mansfield, L
Gessert, T
AF Pern, F. J.
To, B.
Glick, S. H.
Sundaramoorthy, R.
DeHart, C.
Glynn, S.
Perkins, C.
Mansfield, L.
Gessert, T.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI VARIATIONS in damp heat-induced degradation behavior of sputtered ZnO
window layer for CIGS solar cells
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Al-doped ZnO; bilayer ZnO; intrinsic ZnO; damp heat test; CIGS solar
cells; performance reliability
ID THIN-FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; ZINC-OXIDE; MODULES; STABILITY
AB This paper presents our recent observations on variations in properties and damp heat (DH)-induced degradation behavior for single-layer 2% Al-doped ZnO (AZO) and bilayer ZnO (BZO), which comprises 0.1-mu m intrinsic ZnO (i-ZnO) and AZO, deposited on glass substrates using the same sputtering system and essentially identical deposition conditions. BZO films with 0.12-mu m AZO have been used on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) high-efficiency CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) solar cells for years. For the as-deposited BZO films, the most apparent variations appeared in notable peak shift in transmittance and reflectance spectra and ZnO (002) peak intensity and peak position in X-ray diffraction. Location of substrates placed on the substrate holder platform contributed partly to the variations. For the DH-degraded AZO and BZO, earlier films became highly resistive, porous, and 10 similar to 20 X thicker and showed flattened transmittance spectra caused by a loss of free-carrier absorption. However, recent DH-exposed AZO and BZO films also became highly resistive but exhibited only small changes in transmittance spectra, while the columnar grain structure and film thickness remained nearly unchanged without porous features, but with granular particles formed on the surfaces that increased in size with lengthening DH exposure time.
C1 [Pern, F. J.; To, B.; Glick, S. H.; Sundaramoorthy, R.; DeHart, C.; Glynn, S.; Perkins, C.; Mansfield, L.; Gessert, T.] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Pern, FJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM john.pern@nrel.gov
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730R
DI 10.1117/12.863078
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600023
ER
PT S
AU Sengupta, M
Heidinger, A
Miller, S
AF Sengupta, Manajit
Heidinger, Andrew
Miller, Steven
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Validating an Operational Physical Method to Compute Surface Radiation
from Geostationary Satellites
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Global horizontal irradiance; GHI; Direct normal irradiance; DNI;
Empirical models; Physical models; Global Solar Insolation Project;
GSIP; GOES data
ID ALGORITHM; NETWORK
AB Models to compute global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI) have been in development over the last three decades. These models can be classified as empirical or physical based on the approach. Empirical models relate ground-based observations with satellite measurements and use these relations to compute surface radiation. Physical models consider the physics behind the radiation received at the satellite and create retrievals to estimate surface radiation. While empirical methods have been traditionally used for computing surface radiation for the solar energy industry, the advent of faster computing has made operational physical models viable. The Global Solar Insolation Project (GSIP) is a physical model that computes DNI and GHI using the visible and infrared channel measurements from a weather satellite. GSIP uses a two-stage scheme that first retrieves cloud properties and uses those properties in a radiative transfer model to calculate GHI and DNI. Developed for polar orbiting satellites, GSIP has been adapted to NOAA's Geostationary Operation Environmental Satellite series and can run operationally at high spatial resolutions. This method holds the possibility of creating high quality datasets of GHI and DNI for use by the solar energy industry. We present an outline of the methodology and results from running the model as well as a validation study using ground-based instruments.
C1 [Sengupta, Manajit] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Sengupta, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Manajit.Sengupta@nrel.gov
RI Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730T
DI 10.1117/12.861766
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600025
ER
PT S
AU Stoffel, TL
Myers, DR
AF Stoffel, Thomas L.
Myers, Daryl R.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI Accuracy of Silicon versus Thermopile Radiometers for Daily and Monthly
Integrated Total Hemispheric Solar Radiation
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Pyranometers; Photodiode Detectors; Thermopile Detectors; Solar
Radiation; Global Horizontal Irradiance Measurement Uncertainty; Total
Hemispheric Solar Irradiance; Accuracy; Uncertainty
AB Measurement stations for solar radiation resource assessment data are expensive and labor intensive. For this reason, long-term solar radiation measurements are not widely available. Growing interest in solar renewable energy systems has generated a great number of questions about the quality of data obtained from inexpensive silicon photodiode radiometers versus costly thermopile radiometers. We analyze a year of daily total and monthly mean global horizontal irradiance measurements derived from 1-minute averages of 3-second samples of pyranometer signals. The data were collected simultaneously from both types of radiometers at the Solar Radiation Research Laboratory (SRRL) operated by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado. All broadband radiometers in service at SRRL are calibrated annually using an outdoor method with reference radiometers traceable to the World Radiometric Reference. We summarized the data by daily total and monthly mean daily total amounts of solar radiation. Our results show that systematic and random errors (identified in our outdoor calibration process) in each type of radiometer cancel out over periods of one day or more. Daily total and mean monthly daily total solar energy measured by the two pyranometer types compare within 1% to 2%. The individual daily variations among different models of thermopile radiometers may be up to twice as large, up to +/- 5%, being highest in the winter (higher average solar zenith angle conditions) and lowest in summer, consistent with the lower solar zenith angle conditions.
C1 [Stoffel, Thomas L.; Myers, Daryl R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Stoffel, TL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 777314
DI 10.1117/12.859743
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600034
ER
PT S
AU Sundaramoorthy, R
Pern, FJ
Gessert, T
AF Sundaramoorthy, R.
Pern, F. J.
Gessert, T.
BE Dhere, NG
Wohlgemuth, JH
Lynn, K
TI PRELIMINARY damp-heat stability studies of encapsulated CIGS solar cells
SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components,
and Systems III
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE CIGS solar cells; reliability; Al-doped ZnO; bi-layer ZnO; damp heat;
degradation; backsheets; edge sealant; water vapor transmission rate;
encapsulation; Damp Heat
ID MODULE
AB We observed a large variation in the damp heat (DH) durability of many of the unencapsulated CIGS devices fabricated at NREL. Some devices failed within the first few hours of DH exposure; others failed within a few hundred hours while some lasted for 1000 h. The initial degradation often showed a 50% decrease in efficiency in the first few hundred hours; The premature device failures often correspond to the degradation of the ZnO window layer, the peeling of molybdenum (Mo) from the soda-lime glass (SLG), or both. Repeated J-V measurements lead to significant damage of the contact pads, which provide additional path for moisture ingress. To better understand the onset of degradation and the cause of initial decrease in performance and to minimize the damage caused to the contact pads, we designed an encapsulation scheme to control the moisture ingress by laminating the CIGS devices with a combination of different backsheets having different water vapor transmission rates. The encapsulation provided external contacts which solved the damage caused to the pads. This approach facilitates a way to slow down DH-induced degradation of the CIGS device for a more detailed study.
C1 [Sundaramoorthy, R.; Pern, F. J.; Gessert, T.] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Sundaramoorthy, R (reprint author), Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8269-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7773
AR 77730Q
DI 10.1117/12.863076
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Optics
GA BSU92
UT WOS:000285842600022
ER
PT S
AU Phinney, LM
Spletzer, MA
Baker, MS
Serrano, JR
AF Phinney, Leslie M.
Spletzer, Matthew A.
Baker, Michael S.
Serrano, Justin R.
BE Kullberg, RC
Ramesham, R
TI Thermal microactuator performance as a function of mechanical stress
SO RELIABILITY, PACKAGING, TESTING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MEMS/MOEMS AND
NANODEVICES IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability, Packaging, Testing and Characterization of
MEMS/MOEMS and Nanodevices IX
CY JAN 25-26, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Thermal microactuator; mechanical stress effects; MEMS packaging;
four-point bending stage
ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; MEMS
AB We report on the effects of mechanical stress on thermal microactuator performance. Packaging processes such as die attach and lid sealing usually result in stresses on the die containing microsystems devices. While this phenomenon is known, quantifying the effects systematically is difficult due to challenges in controlling the resultant stress resulting from packaging. In this study, we use a four-point bending stage to apply loads of 12 lbf (53.4 N) in tension and compression to 11.5 mm by 2.9 mm samples. Thermal microactuators and stress gauges were fabricated using the Sandia 5-layer SUMMiT surface micromaching process and diced to fit in the bending stage. At each stress level, the vernier scales on the thermal microactuator were imaged in order to determine the displacements. Thermal microactuator displacements are reported as a function of applied current up to 35 mA at varying stress levels. Increasing tensile stress decreases the initial displacement and flattens the thermal microactuator displacement versus applied current curve. Raman spectroscopy and stress gauge measurements indicate that the stress range for the four-point bending stage experiments extends from 200 MPa tensile to -250 MPa compressive. Numerical model predictions of thermal microactuator displacement versus current are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results. Quantitative information on the reduction in thermal microactuator performance as a function of stress provides validation data for MEMS models and can guide future designs so that they will be more robust to stresses resulting from packaging processes.
C1 [Phinney, Leslie M.; Spletzer, Matthew A.; Baker, Michael S.; Serrano, Justin R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Phinney, LM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM lmphinn@sandia.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7988-4
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7592
AR 75920V
DI 10.1117/12.846370
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Characterization &
Testing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics
GA BRW60
UT WOS:000283797400030
ER
PT S
AU Tanner, DM
Olsson, RH
Parson, TB
Crouch, SM
Walraven, JA
Ohlhausen, JA
AF Tanner, Danelle M.
Olsson, Roy H., III
Parson, Ted B.
Crouch, Shannon M.
Walraven, Jeremy A.
Ohlhausen, James A.
BE Kullberg, RC
Ramesham, R
TI Stability Experiments on MEMS Aluminum Nitride RF Resonators
SO RELIABILITY, PACKAGING, TESTING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MEMS/MOEMS AND
NANODEVICES IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability, Packaging, Testing and Characterization of
MEMS/MOEMS and Nanodevices IX
CY JAN 25-26, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE MEMS RF Resonators; MEMS Reliability; Resonator Stability
AB We report on long-term stability experiments on a novel MEMS radio frequency (RF) resonator fabricated in Aluminum Nitride technology. The AlN fabrication process allows for the realization of resonators, filters, and resonant sensors operating over the frequency range from 500 kHz to in excess of 10 GHz using CMOS compatible materials. The 100 MHz resonators used in these experiments were a ring design with 140-micron outer diameter and 100-micron inner diameter. Electrodes on the top and bottom of this AlN ring enable measurement of resonance. Wafer sections were stored in air and vacuum and tested daily. We observed a steady degradation in the resonant frequency (600 ppm over the 800 hours) for the devices stored in a vacuum. Small degradation was observed in the air experiment (50 ppm over 1200 hours). Failure analysis using secondary emission microscopy (SEM) revealed no differences between control devices and devices on test. However, subsequent investigation of blank wafer sections by Time-of-Flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) found small levels of silicone surface contamination from vacuum chamber exposure. This contamination added enough mass to shift the resonant frequency. These experiments demonstrate the need for clean environments for future wafer-level testing and also packaging for these small-mass resonators.
C1 [Tanner, Danelle M.; Olsson, Roy H., III; Parson, Ted B.; Crouch, Shannon M.; Walraven, Jeremy A.; Ohlhausen, James A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Tanner, DM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1069, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM tannerdm@sandia.gov
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7988-4
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7592
AR 759209
DI 10.1117/12.846551
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Characterization &
Testing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics
GA BRW60
UT WOS:000283797400008
ER
PT J
AU Huang, D
Liu, YA
Wiscombe, W
AF Huang, Dong
Liu, Yangang
Wiscombe, Warren
TI Replacing pixel representations by point-function schemes for reducing
discretization error in ill-posed remote sensing problems, with examples
from cloud tomography
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID REGULARIZATION; RECONSTRUCTION; RETRIEVAL
AB Because of their simplicity and low computational cost, discretizations based on pixels have held sway in remote sensing since its inception. Yet functional representations are clearly superior in many applications, for example when combining retrievals from dissimilar remote sensing instruments. Using cloud tomography as an example, this letter shows that a point-function discretization scheme based on linear interpolation can reduce retrieval error of cloud water content up to 40% compared to a conventional pixel scheme. This improvement is particularly marked because cloud tomography, like the vast majority of remote sensing problems, is ill-posed and thus a small inaccuracy in the formulation of the retrieval problem, such as discretization error, can cause a large error in the retrievals.
C1 [Huang, Dong; Liu, Yangang; Wiscombe, Warren] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Huang, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM dhuang@bnl.gov
RI Wiscombe, Warren/D-4665-2012; Huang, Dong/H-7318-2014; Liu,
Yangang/H-6154-2011
OI Wiscombe, Warren/0000-0001-6844-9849; Huang, Dong/0000-0001-9715-6922;
FU DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This research is supported by the DOE Atmosphere Radiation Measurement
program under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. We thank Dr. Robert McGraw for
insightful discussions on this research.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 2
BP 95
EP 102
DI 10.1080/01431160903140779
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 794CC
UT WOS:000292872000004
ER
PT S
AU Kassianov, E
Barnard, J
Berg, LK
Flynn, C
Long, C
AF Kassianov, Evgueni
Barnard, James
Berg, Larry K.
Flynn, Connor
Long, Charles
BE Picard, RH
Schafer, K
Comeron, A
TI Retrieval of Intensive Aerosol Properties from MFRSR observations:
Partly Cloudy Cases
SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XV
CY SEP 21-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Aerosol optical properties; cumulus clouds; multi-spectral surface
irradiance; in situ observations
ID CLEAR SKIES; VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION; ALBEDO; SITE
AB An approach for the obtaining column intensive aerosol properties, namely the single scattering albedo (SSA) and asymmetry parameter (ASP), from the Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR) spectral observations under partly cloudy conditions is described. The approach involves the MFRSR-based aerosol retrieval for clear-sky periods and an interpolation of the retrieved column aerosol properties for cloudy periods. The observed weak diurnal variability of SSA and ASP at the surface and the close association of the surface intensive aerosol properties with their column counterparts form the basis of such interpolation. The approach is evaluated by calculating the corresponding clear-sky total, direct and diffuse fluxes at five wavelengths (415, 500, 615, 673 and 870 nm) and compare them with the observed fluxes. The aerosol properties provided by this approach are applied for (i) an examination of the statistical relationship between spectral (visible range) and broadband values of the total normalized cloud radiative forcing and (ii) an estimation of the fractional sky cover. Data collected during 13 days with single-layer cumulus clouds observed at U. S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site during summer 2007 are applied to illustrate the performance and application of this approach.
C1 [Kassianov, Evgueni; Barnard, James; Berg, Larry K.; Flynn, Connor; Long, Charles] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Kassianov, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Evgueni.Kassianov@pnl.gov
RI Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016
OI Berg, Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8344-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7827
AR 78270Q
DI 10.1117/12.865761
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ26
UT WOS:000287757200021
ER
PT S
AU Yeh, HC
Sharma, J
Yoo, H
Martinez, JS
Werner, JH
AF Yeh, Hsin-Chih
Sharma, Jaswinder
Yoo, Hyojong
Martinez, Jennifer S.
Werner, James H.
BE Achilefu, S
Raghavachari, R
TI Photophysical characterization of fluorescent metal nanoclusters
synthesized using oligonucleotides, proteins and small molecule ligands
SO REPORTERS, MARKERS, DYES, NANOPARTICLES, AND MOLECULAR PROBES FOR
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular
Probes for Biomedical Applications II
CY JAN 25-27, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE fluorescent metal nanoclusters; photophysical properties
ID CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; SILVER NANOCLUSTERS; GOLD NANOCRYSTALS;
CLUSTERS; FLUOROPHORES; CY5
AB The size transition from bulk conducting metals to insulating nanoparticles and eventually to single atoms passes through the relatively unexplored few-atom nanocluster region. With dimensions close to the Fermi wavelength, these nanoclusters demonstrate molecule-like properties distinct from bulk metals or atoms, such as discrete and size-tunable electronic transitions which lead to photoluminescence. Current research aims to elucidate the fundamental photophysical properties of metal nanoclusters made by different means and based on different encapsulation agents. Here, we report the study of the photophysical properties, including quantum yields, lifetimes, extinction coefficients, blinking dynamics and sizes, of silver and gold nanoclusters synthesized using oligonucleotides, a protein (bovine serum albumin) and a Good's buffer molecule (MES, 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid) as encapsulation agents. We also investigate the change of photoluminescence as a function of temperature. Furthermore, we show that the fluorescent metal clusters can be used as a donor in forming a resonance energy transfer pair with a commercial organic quencher. These new fluorophores have great potential as versatile tools for a broad range of applications in biological and chemical detection.
C1 [Yeh, Hsin-Chih; Sharma, Jaswinder; Yoo, Hyojong; Martinez, Jennifer S.; Werner, James H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Yeh, HC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MS K771, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM hyeh@lanl.gov; jwerner@lanl.gov
OI Werner, James/0000-0002-7616-8913
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7972-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7576
AR 75760N
DI 10.1117/12.842192
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSS16
UT WOS:000285580600017
ER
PT J
AU Burkardt, M
Miller, CA
Nowak, WD
AF Burkardt, M.
Miller, C. A.
Nowak, W-D
TI Spin-polarized high-energy scattering of charged leptons on nucleons
SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS;
DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; TO-LEADING ORDER; HARD EXCLUSIVE
ELECTROPRODUCTION; ODD DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION
G(1)(X); PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION; IMPROVED LATTICE ACTION;
MUON-PROTON-SCATTERING
AB The proton is a composite object with spin one-half, understood to contain highly relativistic spin one-half quarks exchanging spin-one gluons,each possibly with significant orbital angular momenta. While their fundamental interactions are well described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), our standard theory of the strong interaction, non-perturbative calculations of the internal structure of the proton based directly on QCD are beginning to provide reliable results. Most of our present knowledge of the structure of the proton is based on experimental measurements interpreted within the rich framework of QCD. An area presently attracting intense interest, both experimental and theoretical, is the relationship between the spin of the proton and the spins and orbital angular momenta of its constituents. While remarkable progress has been made, especially in the last decade, the discovery and investigation of new concepts have revealed that much more remains to be learned. This progress is reviewed and an outlook for the future is offered.
C1 [Miller, C. A.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Nowak, W-D] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
[Burkardt, M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Burkardt, M (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM burkardt@nmsu.edu; miller@triumf.ca; Wolf-Dieter.Nowak@desy.de
FU DOE [DE-FG03-95ER40965, DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX The authors would like to warmly thank Markus Diehl, Klaus Rith and
Werner Vogelsang for reading and providing a critique of a draft of this
paper. The authors appreciate their helpful advice and comments, as well
as those of Bob Jaffe and Christian Weiss. The authors are thankful to
Eduard Avetisyan and Michael Engelhardt for technical help, and to
Ulrike Elschenbroich for figures 2 and 3. MB was supported by the DOE
under grant numbers DE-FG03-95ER40965 and DE-AC05-06OR23177 (under which
Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, operates Jefferson Lab).
NR 254
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0034-4885
EI 1361-6633
J9 REP PROG PHYS
JI Rep. Prog. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1
AR 016201
DI 10.1088/0034-4885/73/1/016201
PG 54
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 546JM
UT WOS:000273807100004
ER
PT J
AU Donepudi, VR
Cesareo, R
Brunetti, A
Zhong, Z
Yuasa, T
Akatsuka, T
Takeda, T
Gigante, GE
AF Donepudi, V. Rao
Cesareo, Roberto
Brunetti, Antonio
Zhong, Zhong
Yuasa, Tetsuya
Akatsuka, Takao
Takeda, Tohoru
Gigante, Giovanni E.
TI Cork Embedded Internal Features and Contrast Mechanisms with Dei Using
18, 20, 30, 36, and 40keV Synchrotron X-Rays
SO RESEARCH IN NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE biological material; biology; cork; soft-matter; synchrotron X-rays;
visualization; wine
ID MULTIPLE-IMAGE RADIOGRAPHY; SOFT-TISSUE; DIFFRACTION; REFRACTION;
IMPLEMENTATION; CARTILAGE; MODEL
AB Images of the cork used for wine and other bottles are visualized with the use of diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) technique. Present experimental studies allowed us to identify the cracks, holes, porosity, and importance of soft-matter (soft-material) and associated biology by visualization of the embedded internal complex features of the biological material such as cork and its microstructure. Highlighted the contrast mechanisms above and below the K-absorption edge of iodine and studied the attenuation through a combination of weakly and strongly attenuating materials.
C1 [Donepudi, V. Rao; Cesareo, Roberto; Brunetti, Antonio] Univ Sassari, Ist Matemat & Fis, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
[Zhong, Zhong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Yuasa, Tetsuya; Akatsuka, Takao] Yamagata Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Biosyst Engn, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992, Japan.
[Takeda, Tohoru] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Clin Med, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Gigante, Giovanni E.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Fis, Rome, Italy.
RP Donepudi, VR (reprint author), Sir CRR Autonomous Coll, Dept Phys, Elura 534007, AP, India.
EM donepudi_venkateswararao@rediffmail.com
RI brunetti, antonio/F-3370-2011; Yuasa, Tetsuya/F-5006-2013;
OI brunetti, antonio/0000-0002-0116-1899; Gigante, Giovanni
Ettore/0000-0001-5943-9366
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0934-9847
J9 RES NONDESTRUCT EVAL
JI Res. Nondestruct. Eval.
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 3
BP 171
EP 183
AR PII 925074936
DI 10.1080/09349847.2010.493990
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 634XO
UT WOS:000280619700003
ER
PT B
AU Kossecka, E
Kosny, J
AF Kossecka, E.
Kosny, J.
BE Gawin, D
Kisilewicz, T
TI Thermal balance of a wall with PCM-enhanced thermal insulation
SO RESEARCH ON BUILDING PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Central European Symposium on Building Physics
CY SEP 13-15, 2010
CL Cracow Univ Technol, Cracow, POLAND
SP Tech Univ Lodz
HO Cracow Univ Technol
ID SIMULATION
AB PCM insulation mixtures function as lightweight thermal mass components. It is expected that these types of dynamic insulation systems will contribute to the objective of reducing energy use in buildings. In this paper, dynamic thermal properties of a material in which phase change occurs are analyzed, using the temperature-dependent specific heat model. Integral formula for the total heat flow in finite time interval, across the surface of a slab of the phase change material, was derived. Simulations have been performed to analyze heat transfer through a light-weight wall assembly with PCM-enhanced insulation, in different external climate thermal conditions. Results of simulations indicate that for cyclic processes, the effect of PCM in an insulation layer results rather in time shifting of the heat flux extreme values than in reduction of the total heat flow. The heat gains maxima, resulting in high cooling loads, are shifted in time by about two hours and reduced about 15% to 30% for not very high external sol-air temperatures.
C1 [Kossecka, E.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Fundamental Technol Res, Warsaw, Poland.
[Kosny, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg & Mat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Kossecka, E (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Fundamental Technol Res, Warsaw, Poland.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TECHNICAL UNIV LODZ
PI LODZ
PA DEPT MICROELECTRONICS & COMPUTER SCIENCE, AL POLITECHNIKI 11, LODZ,
90-924, POLAND
BN 978-83-7283-367-9
PY 2010
BP 265
EP 271
PG 7
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Physics
GA BG9RX
UT WOS:000393718800038
ER
PT B
AU Kosny, J
Yarbrough, D
Miller, W
Shrestha, S
Kossecka, E
Lee, E
AF Kosny, J.
Yarbrough, D.
Miller, W.
Shrestha, S.
Kossecka, E.
Lee, Edwin
BE Gawin, D
Kisilewicz, T
TI Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Building Envelopes Containing
Blown Fiberglass Insulation Thermally Enhanced with Envelopes Change
Material (PCM)
SO RESEARCH ON BUILDING PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Central European Symposium on Building Physics
CY SEP 13-15, 2010
CL Cracow Univ Technol, Cracow, POLAND
SP Tech Univ Lodz
HO Cracow Univ Technol
AB Different types of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have been tested as dynamic components in buildings for at least 4 decades. Most of historical studies have found that PCMs enhance building energy performance. The PCMs store energy and alter the temperature gradient through the insulated cavity because they remain at a nearly constant temperature during the melting and solidifying stages. The use of organic PCMs to enhance the performance of thermal insulation in the building envelope was studied at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory during 2000-2009. PCMs reduce heat flow across an insulated region by absorbing and desorbing heat (charging and discharging) in response to ambient temperature cycles. The amount of heat that can be stored in PCMs is directly related to the heat of fusion of the material, which is between 116 J/g to 163 J/g (or 50 to 70 Btu/lb) for the most-popular microencapsulated paraffinic PCMs, or fatty acid materials used in this research. This paper presents experimental and numerical results from the long-term thermal performance study focused on blown fiber glass insulation modified with a novel spray-applied microencapsulated PCM. Experimental results are reported for both laboratory-scale and full-size building elements tested in the field. Test work was followed by detailed whole building Energy Plus simulations in order to generate energy performance data for different US climates.
C1 [Kosny, J.; Yarbrough, D.; Miller, W.; Shrestha, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Kossecka, E.] Polish Acad Sci, Warsaw, Poland.
[Lee, Edwin] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Kosny, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TECHNICAL UNIV LODZ
PI LODZ
PA DEPT MICROELECTRONICS & COMPUTER SCIENCE, AL POLITECHNIKI 11, LODZ,
90-924, POLAND
BN 978-83-7283-367-9
PY 2010
BP 273
EP 278
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Physics
GA BG9RX
UT WOS:000393718800039
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Review of Closure Plans for the Baseline Incineration Chemical Agent
Disposal Facilities Introduction
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 5
EP 9
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100002
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Review of Closure Plans for the Baseline Incineration Chemical Agent
Disposal Facilities Preface
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP VII
EP VII
PG 1
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100001
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Overall Closure Planning for Baseline Facilities
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 10
EP 20
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100003
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Important Parameters for Successful Closure
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 21
EP 27
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100004
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Management Systems: Lessons Learned Process and the eRoom Tool
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 28
EP 34
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100005
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Regulatory Requirements Affecting Closure
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 35
EP 48
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100006
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Monitoring and Analytical Issues
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID O-ETHYL METHYLPHOSPHONOTHIOATE; CONTAINING PRODUCTS; DEGRADATION; SOIL
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 49
EP 59
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100007
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, PB
Groenewold, GS
Grubbe, DL
Howell, JR
Kimmell, TA
Philipose, KE
Phillips, LT
Reible, DD
Short, WL
Siegel, LM
Skiven, DA
Telford, SA
Washington, LJ
AF Lederman, Peter B.
Groenewold, Gary S.
Grubbe, Deborah L.
Howell, John R.
Kimmell, Todd A.
Philipose, Kalithil E.
Phillips, Louis T.
Reible, Danny D.
Short, W. Leigh
Siegel, Leonard M.
Skiven, David A.
Telford, Sheryl A.
Washington, Lawrence J.
CA Comm Review Assess Closure Plans T
GP Natl Res Council, Comm Review & Assess Closure Plans Tooele Chem Agent Facil
Natl Res Council, Board Army Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Phys Sci
TI Discussion of Hydrolysis Reactions of GB, VX, and H
SO REVIEW OF CLOSURE PLANS FOR THE BASELINE INCINERATION CHEMICAL AGENT
DISPOSAL FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID O-ETHYL METHYLPHOSPHONOTHIOATE; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
NERVE AGENT; CONCRETE; KINETICS; SOIL
C1 [Lederman, Peter B.] Hazardous Subst Management Res Ctr, New Providence, NJ USA.
[Groenewold, Gary S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Grubbe, Deborah L.] Operat & Safety Solut LLC, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Howell, John R.; Reible, Danny D.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kimmell, Todd A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, US Dept Energys, Washington, DC USA.
[Philipose, Kalithil E.] Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0S4, Canada.
[Phillips, Louis T.] Resource PM, Chadds Ford, PA USA.
[Short, W. Leigh] Woodward Clyde & Associates, Williamstown, MA USA.
[Siegel, Leonard M.] Ctr Publ Environm Oversight, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Skiven, David A.] Gen Motors Corp, Worldwide Facil, Brighton, MI USA.
[Telford, Sheryl A.] DuPont Corp Remediat Grp Director, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Washington, Lawrence J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
BN 978-0-309-15858-9
PY 2010
BP 84
EP 86
PG 3
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
Studies
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD8HG
UT WOS:000363932100008
ER
PT S
AU Sun, JG
AF Sun, J. G.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT FOR THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS BASED ON
ONE- AND TWO-SIDED THERMAL IMAGING METHODS
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Thermal Conductivity; Thermal Barrier Coating; Thermal Imaging
AB The thermal conductivity of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is normally measured using laser flash method, which is a two-sided thermal imaging method. Because laser flash cannot be used for TBCs applied on real components, one-sided thermal imaging method is being developed for potential nondestructive inspection and monitoring of TBC conditions during service. One such method is a multilayer thermal modeling method developed at Argonne National Laboratory. In this study, these methods are reviewed and their capability for conductivity measurement for two-layer TBC material is analyzed based on theoretical analyses. In particular, it is identified that only one TBC property, the conductivity, can be determined by two-sided methods, while two TBC properties, conductivity and heat capacity, can be determined by one-sided method.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Sun, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 458
EP 465
DI 10.1063/1.3362429
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038500054
ER
PT S
AU Gopalsami, N
Heifetz, A
Chien, HT
Raptis, AC
AF Gopalsami, N.
Heifetz, A.
Chien, H. T.
Raptis, A. C.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI TERAHERTZ SUBWAVELENGTH STRUCTURES FOR SENSING AND NDE
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Terahertz; Surface Plasmons; FDTD; Spectroscopy and Imaging; Chemical
Detection; Biological Detection
ID TRANSMISSION; SLIT
AB The ability to control and concentrate electromagnetic (EM) energy in length scales much smaller than the excitation wavelength opens up new opportunities for sensing and NDE. Ordinarily EM wave transmission through such structures becomes infinitesimally small as the slit opening becomes much smaller than the wavelength; however, extraordinary transmission through these structures has been observed by researchers, which is believed to be due to surface plasmonic effect. We have investigated THz subwavelength slit structures for sensing and NDE. In a deep slit structure with subwavelength width, not only are the waves transmitted through, but also are found to be resonating because of the reflections caused by the impedance mismatch at the open ends. As a result, this structure can sense the dielectric properties of materials, which may be in gas, liquid, or solid forms, with high sensitivity and selectivity depending on the quality factor of the cavity resonance. Subwavelength aperture allows for near field imaging of materials with spatial resolution below the Abbe diffraction limit. To understand the electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation through subwavelength structures, we have performed a computational analysis of the EM fields with finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique. Simulated responses were compared with swept-frequency cw THz waves (230-300 GHz) in straight and stepped cavities with 50 pm slits on both ends and increased width in the middle. FDTD modeling of straight slits indicated Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonance peaks with low quality factor. We modified the slit to form a stepped cavity which increased the quality factor because of increased reflection coefficient at the slit ends. We fabricated straight and stepped cavities and tested with THz radiation in the 250-300 GHz range. The stepped cavity appears to have desirable features for sensing: good transmissivity, high-Q F-P resonance, compactness, and ruggedness.
C1 [Gopalsami, N.; Heifetz, A.; Chien, H. T.; Raptis, A. C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gopalsami, N (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 557
EP 563
DI 10.1063/1.3362443
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038500067
ER
PT S
AU Schmidt, KF
Little, JR
Ellingson, WA
Green, W
AF Schmidt, K. F., Jr.
Little, J. R., Jr.
Ellingson, W. A.
Green, W.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI OPTIMIZING A PORTABLE MICROWAVE INTERFERENCE SCANNING SYSTEM FOR
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF MULTI-LAYERED DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Microwave; NDT; Ceramics; Composites; Armor
AB The projected microwave energy pattern, wave guide geometry, positioning methods and process variables have been optimized for use of a portable, non-contact, lap-top computer-controlled microwave interference scanning system on multi-layered dielectric materials. The system can be used in situ with one-sided access and has demonstrated capability of damage detection on composite ceramic armor. Specimens used for validation included specially fabricated surrogates, and ballistic impact-damaged specimens. Microwave data results were corroborated with high resolution direct-digital x-ray imaging. Microwave interference scanning detects cracks, laminar features and material properties variations. This paper presents the details of the system, the optimization steps and discusses results obtained.
C1 [Schmidt, K. F., Jr.; Little, J. R., Jr.] Evisive Inc, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
[Ellingson, W. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA.
[Green, W.] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA.
RP Schmidt, KF (reprint author), Evisive Inc, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
FU US Army RDECOM ARL; US Army RDECOM TARDEC
FX This work is supported by the US Army RDECOM ARL and US Army RDECOM
TARDEC whose staffs insight and technical contribution is much
appreciated
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 1249
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3362209
PG 2
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038501021
ER
PT S
AU Doctor, SR
Bond, LJ
Cumblidge, SE
Bruemmer, SM
Taylor, WB
Carpenter, CE
Hull, AB
Malik, SN
AF Doctor, S. R.
Bond, L. J.
Cumblidge, S. E.
Bruemmer, S. M.
Taylor, W. B.
Carpenter, C. E.
Hull, A. B.
Malik, S. N.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI AGING MANAGEMENT USING PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MATERIALS DEGRADATION
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Nuclear Power Plants; Light Water Reactors; Materials Aging;
Prognostics; Diagnostics; Proactive Management of Materials Degradation;
Nondestructive Evaluation; In-service Inspection
AB The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has undertaken a program to lay the technical foundations for defining proactive actions to manage degradation of materials in light water reactors. The current focus is existing plants; however, if applied to new construction, there is potential to better monitor and manage plants throughout their life cycle. This paper discusses the NRC's Proactive Management of Materials Degradation program and its application to nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components.
C1 [Doctor, S. R.; Bond, L. J.; Cumblidge, S. E.; Bruemmer, S. M.; Taylor, W. B.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Carpenter, C. E.; Hull, A. B.; Malik, S. N.] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Washington, DC 20555 USA.
RP Doctor, SR (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
FU U.S. NRC
FX The work described in this paper was supported by the U.S. NRC and
performed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, a multi-program
national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of
Energy. 1882
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 1876
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3362326
PG 2
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038501100
ER
PT J
AU Bruhns, H
Kreckel, H
Miller, K
Lestinsky, M
Seredyuk, B
Mitthumsiri, W
Schmitt, BL
Schnell, M
Urbain, X
Rappaport, ML
Havener, CC
Savin, DW
AF Bruhns, H.
Kreckel, H.
Miller, K.
Lestinsky, M.
Seredyuk, B.
Mitthumsiri, W.
Schmitt, B. L.
Schnell, M.
Urbain, X.
Rappaport, M. L.
Havener, C. C.
Savin, D. W.
TI A novel merged beams apparatus to study anion-neutral reactions
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE association; atom-ion reactions; electron detachment; hydrogen ions;
hydrogen neutral atoms; negative ions
ID HEMISPHERICAL DEFLECTOR ANALYZER; QUADRUPOLE ION-TRAP; ASSOCIATIVE
DETACHMENT; ASTRONOMICAL DETECTION; RATE COEFFICIENTS; CROSS-SECTIONS;
NEGATIVE-IONS; LOW-ENERGY; PLASMAS; IONIZATION
AB We have developed a novel laboratory instrument for studying gas phase, anion-neutral chemistry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such apparatus which uses fast merged beams to investigate anion-neutral chemical reactions. As proof-of-principle we have detected the associative detachment reaction H-+H -> H-2+e(-). Here we describe the apparatus in detail and discuss related technical and experimental issues.
C1 [Bruhns, H.; Kreckel, H.; Miller, K.; Lestinsky, M.; Seredyuk, B.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Schmitt, B. L.; Schnell, M.; Savin, D. W.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Urbain, X.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Dept Phys, PAMO, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
[Rappaport, M. L.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Havener, C. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bruhns, H (reprint author), INFICON GmbH, D-50968 Cologne, Germany.
RI Kreckel, Holger/F-4969-2010; Savin, Daniel/B-9576-2012
OI Savin, Daniel/0000-0002-1111-6610
FU NSF [CHE-0520660, AST-0807436]; German Academic Exchange Service DAAD;
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences and the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC
FX We thank M. Bannister, A. Chutjian, A. M. Covington, A. Dorn, O. Heber,
A. Muller, H. B. Pedersen, S. Schippers, C. D. Schroter, and A. Wolf,
for stimulating discussions. We also thank D. Thomas for his excellent
machining skills and support. D. W. S. especially thanks M. Mauel for
his early support which made it possible to write the initial grant that
funded this research. Work at Columbia University was supported in part
by the NSF Chemistry Research Instrumentation and Facilities: Instrument
Development (CRIF:ID) (Grant No. CHE-0520660) and the NSF Astronomy and
Astrophysics (Grant No. AST-0807436). H. B. was also supported in part
by the German Academic Exchange Service DAAD. X. U. is Senior Research
Associate of the F.R.S.-FNRS. C. C. H. is supported by the Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
DOE, (Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725) with UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 75
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U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 013112
DI 10.1063/1.3280227
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 551BG
UT WOS:000274179800012
PM 20113086
ER
PT J
AU Escobedo, JP
Field, DP
LeBlanc, MM
Florando, JN
Lassila, DH
AF Escobedo, J. P.
Field, D. P.
LeBlanc, M. M.
Florando, J. N.
Lassila, D. H.
TI The trianvil test apparatus: Measurement of shear strength under
pressure
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-pressure effects; materials testing; shear strength; tantalum
ID HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; FLOW-STRESS; METALS
AB An experimental apparatus has been developed for performing shear tests on specimens held under moderately high hydrostatic pressures (up to the order of 10 GPa). This testing procedure experimentally determines the pressure dependent shear strength of thin foil specimens. This information is necessary for models of materials subjected to extreme pressures and can assist in model validation for models such as discrete dislocation dynamics simulations, among others. This paper reports the development of the experimental procedures and the results of initial experiments on thin foils of polycrystalline Ta performed under hydrostatic pressures ranging from 2 to 4 GPa. Subsequent characterization of the samples held under pressure established that the procedure described herein represents a reliable method to impose nearly uniform hydrostatic pressure on thin foil specimens. Both yielding and hardening behavior of Ta are observed to be sensitive to the imposed pressure.
C1 [Escobedo, J. P.; Field, D. P.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
[LeBlanc, M. M.; Florando, J. N.; Lassila, D. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Escobedo, JP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
RI Escobedo, Juan/J-9077-2012; Field, David/D-5216-2012;
OI Field, David/0000-0001-9415-0795; Escobedo-Diaz,
Juan/0000-0003-2413-7119
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; U. S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Financial support from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is greatly
appreciated. This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 22
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PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 013908
DI 10.1063/1.3294426
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 551BG
UT WOS:000274179800040
PM 20113114
ER
PT J
AU Khalid, S
Caliebe, W
Siddons, P
So, I
Clay, B
Lenhard, T
Hanson, J
Wang, Q
Frenkel, AI
Marinkovic, N
Hould, N
Ginder-Vogel, M
Landrot, GL
Sparks, DL
Ganjoo, A
AF Khalid, S.
Caliebe, W.
Siddons, P.
So, I.
Clay, B.
Lenhard, T.
Hanson, J.
Wang, Q.
Frenkel, A. I.
Marinkovic, N.
Hould, N.
Ginder-Vogel, M.
Landrot, G. L.
Sparks, D. L.
Ganjoo, A.
TI Quick extended x-ray absorption fine structure instrument with
millisecond time scale, optimized for in situ applications
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE EXAFS; XANES
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; PIEZO-QEXAFS; SPECTROSCOPY;
EXAFS; MONOCHROMATOR; CATALYSTS; BEAMLINE; SPECTRA; SECONDS
AB In order to learn about in situ structural changes in materials at subseconds time scale, we have further refined the techniques of quick extended x-ray absorption fine structure (QEXAFS) and quick x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopies at beamline X18B at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The channel cut Si (111) monochromator oscillation is driven through a tangential arm at 5 Hz, using a cam, dc motor, pulley, and belt system. The rubber belt between the motor and the cam damps the mechanical noise. EXAFS scan taken in 100 ms is comparable to standard data. The angle and the angular range of the monochromator can be changed to collect a full EXAFS or XANES spectrum in the energy range 4.7-40.0 KeV. The data are recorded in ascending and descending order of energy, on the fly, without any loss of beam time. The QEXAFS mechanical system is outside the vacuum system, and therefore changing the mode of operation from conventional to QEXAFS takes only a few minutes. This instrument allows the acquisition of time resolved data in a variety of systems relevant to electrochemical, photochemical, catalytic, materials, and environmental sciences.
C1 [Khalid, S.; Siddons, P.; So, I.; Clay, B.; Lenhard, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Caliebe, W.] HASYLAB, Hamburg, Germany.
[Hanson, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Wang, Q.; Frenkel, A. I.] Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Marinkovic, N.; Hould, N.; Ginder-Vogel, M.; Landrot, G. L.; Sparks, D. L.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Ganjoo, A.] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
RP Khalid, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011; Wang, Qi/C-5478-2012; Marinkovic,
Nebojsa/A-1137-2016; Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010
OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207; Marinkovic,
Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453;
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium; U.S. DOE
[DE-FG0205ER15688, DE-FG02-03ER15476]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. Beamline X18B is supported in part by the Synchrotron
Catalysis Consortium, U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-FG0205ER15688. A. I. F and
Q. W gratefully acknowledge the support by the U. S. DOE Grant No.
DE-FG02-03ER15476.
NR 34
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 015105
DI 10.1063/1.3276679
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 551BG
UT WOS:000274179800053
PM 20113127
ER
PT J
AU Mysak, ER
Starr, DE
Wilson, KR
Bluhm, H
AF Mysak, Erin R.
Starr, David E.
Wilson, Kevin R.
Bluhm, Hendrik
TI Note: A combined aerodynamic lens/ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy experiment for the on-stream investigation of aerosol
surfaces
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosols; particle size; photoelectron spectroscopy; surface chemistry;
surface composition; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectroscopy
ID GENERATING PARTICLE BEAMS; CONTROLLED DIMENSIONS; NOZZLE EXPANSIONS;
AMBIENT-PRESSURE; CLUSTERS; DIVERGENCE; INTERFACES; METHANOL; LENSES;
MOTION
AB We discuss a new approach for the measurement of the surfaces of free aerosol particles with diameters from 50 to 1000 nm. Particles in this size range have significant influence on the heterogeneous chemistry in the atmosphere and affect human health. Interfacing an aerodynamic lens to an ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectrometer permits measurement of the surface chemical composition of unsupported aerosol particles in real time. We discuss the basic considerations for the design of such an instrument, its current limitations and potentials for improvement. Results from a proof-of-principle experiment on silicon oxide particles with average diameters of 270 nm are shown.
C1 [Mysak, Erin R.; Starr, David E.; Wilson, Kevin R.; Bluhm, Hendrik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wilson, KR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM krwilson@lbl.gov; hbluhm@lbl.gov
FU Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC0205CH11231]
FX This work was supported by a Laboratory Directed Research and
Development project through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The
ALS and the MES beamline 11.0.2 are supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences and Materials Sciences Division of the U.S.
Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231.
NR 22
TC 14
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U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 016106
DI 10.1063/1.3276714
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 551BG
UT WOS:000274179800063
PM 20113137
ER
PT J
AU Parker, GR
Asay, BW
Dickson, PM
AF Parker, Gary R.
Asay, Blaine W.
Dickson, Peter M.
TI Note: A technique to capture and compose streak images of explosive
events with unpredictable timing
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE explosives; image processing; streak cameras; streak photography; video
cameras
ID DEFLAGRATION-TO-DETONATION; TRANSITION
AB The authors describe a method to capture optical data and construct digitized streak images for analysis of high-speed phenomena with unpredictable timing by using a high-speed video camera and software routines. Advances in high-speed video camera technology have led to development of cameras with frame rates (1x10(6) frames per second) and spatial resolution (1280x800 pixels) suitable to capture fast phenomena, such as detonation in high explosives (< 10 km s(-1)), on small enough scales to be convenient for laboratory experiments. Further, relatively long-duration recordings (>= 1 s) are maintained in a rolling buffer in volatile memory allowing the entire frame sequence to be recorded pretrigger, thus obviating the need for precisely located diagnostic triggers. The method described was used to capture the progression of luminous reaction during the deflagration-to-detonation transition of the HMX-based (octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine) plastic bonded explosive (PBX) formulation during cookoff.
C1 [Parker, Gary R.; Asay, Blaine W.; Dickson, Peter M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87025 USA.
RP Parker, GR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87025 USA.
EM gparker@lanl.gov
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory's HE Science Program; LANS, LLC; U.S.
DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to Dr. Dan Hooks, for
funding this work through Los Alamos National Laboratory's HE Science
Program. Los Almos National Laboratory is managed by LANS, LLC. on
behalf of the U.S. DOE/NNSA under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. We
extend our appreciation to Dr. Bryce Tappan for use of the camera.
NR 13
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U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 016109
DI 10.1063/1.3284517
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 551BG
UT WOS:000274179800066
PM 20113140
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DL
Nestler, JM
Johnson, GE
Goodwin, RA
AF Smith, David L.
Nestler, John M.
Johnson, Gary E.
Goodwin, R. Andrew
TI Species-Specific Spatial and Temporal Distribution Patterns of
Emigrating Juvenile Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest
SO REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE salmon; Columbia River; dams; emigration; behavior
ID DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; FALL CHINOOK SALMON; FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION
SONAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TO-ADULT SURVIVAL; STEELHEAD TROUT;
COLUMBIA RIVER; COHO SALMON; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CUTTHROAT TROUT
AB The vertical and horizontal distribution of juvenile salmonid migrants on approach to the dams influences bypass success in rivers. Accordingly, fish distributions have been studied for nearly three decades. These studies, however, have not been integrated and summarized in a single body of work to determine overall patterns in the spatial distribution of emigrants. We reviewed peer-reviewed and gray literature to summarize species-specific trends in the horizontal and vertical distributions of emigrating salmonids as measured by several different methods. We found that there were no species-specific differences in horizontal distributions and that fish were often oriented with the river thalweg. There were weak differences between species in vertical distributions, e.g., juvenile yearling steelhead were shallower during the day than yearling Chinook salmon. For sockeye, coho, and subyearling Chinook salmon, the data were limited or conflicting. Studies were purposefully designed to measure distributions at certain dams under particular environmental conditions for specific, local purposes. The non-standard sampling design has hampered the development of testable hypothesis on fish distributions in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Recent advances in individual-based models are offering the potential to forecast fish distributions near dams and facilitate improved bypass system design.
C1 [Smith, David L.] USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP W, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Nestler, John M.] USA, Environm Modeling & Syst Wide Assessment Ctr, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD IV Z, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Johnson, Gary E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Portland, OR USA.
[Goodwin, R. Andrew] USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CENWP EC HD, Portland, OR USA.
RP Smith, DL (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP W, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
EM David.L.Smith@usace.army.mil
FU U.S. Army Engineer Districts Walla Walla and Portland; Grant County
Public Utility District; System-Wide Water Resources Program (SWWRP);
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers research and development initiative
FX The tests described and the resulting data presented herein, unless
otherwise noted, were obtained from research conducted under the
sponsorship of the U.S. Army Engineer Districts Walla Walla and
Portland, the Grant County Public Utility District, and the System-Wide
Water Resources Program (SWWRP), a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers research
and development initiative. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of
Richard Zabel during manuscript preparation. Permission was granted by
the Chief of Engineers to publish this paper.
NR 174
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U1 2
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1064-1262
EI 1547-6553
J9 REV FISH SCI
JI Rev. Fish. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 1
BP 40
EP 64
AR PII 917640225
DI 10.1080/10641260903304487
PG 25
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 596BG
UT WOS:000277657700004
ER
PT S
AU Chao, AW
Chou, WR
AF Chao, Alexander W.
Chou, Weiren
BE Chao, AW
Chou, W
TI Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology Volume 3 Editorial Preface
SO REVIEWS OF ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 3: ACCELERATORS AS
PHOTON SOURCES
SE Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Chao, Alexander W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Chou, Weiren] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Chao, AW (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM achao@slac.stanford.edu; chou@fnal.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-6268
BN 978-981-434-039-7; 978-981-434-038-0
J9 REV ACCEL SCI TECH
PY 2010
VL 3
BP VII
EP VIII
DI 10.1142/S1793626810000476
PG 2
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Optics; Physics
GA BE2SK
UT WOS:000369970600001
ER
PT S
AU Stupakov, G
AF Stupakov, G.
BE Chao, AW
Chou, W
TI Electromagnetic Radiation in Accelerator Physics
SO REVIEWS OF ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 3: ACCELERATORS AS
PHOTON SOURCES
SE Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Synchrotron radiation; undulator; parabolic equation; diffraction;
coherent radiation; radiative reaction force
ID COHERENT SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; ELECTRONS; CIRCLE; ARC; IMPEDANCE; LASER
AB This article reviews some fundamental concepts and presents several recent techniques used for calculation of radiation in various environments. They include properties of longitudinal and transverse formation lengths of radiation, usage of the parabolic equation and the Kirchhoff diffraction integral in radiation, coherent radiation and fluctuations in the beam, and the radiative reaction force resulting from coherent radiation.
C1 [Stupakov, G.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 26, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Stupakov, G (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 26, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
EM stupakov@slac.stanford.edu
NR 74
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-6268
BN 978-981-434-039-7; 978-981-434-038-0
J9 REV ACCEL SCI TECH
PY 2010
VL 3
BP 39
EP 56
DI 10.1142/S179362681000035X
PG 18
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Optics; Physics
GA BE2SK
UT WOS:000369970600004
ER
PT S
AU Krafft, GA
Priebe, G
AF Krafft, Geoffrey A.
Priebe, Gerd
BE Chao, AW
Chou, W
TI Compton Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation
SO REVIEWS OF ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 3: ACCELERATORS AS
PHOTON SOURCES
SE Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Compton backscattering; inverse Compton source; Thomson scattering;
X-rays; spectral brilliance
ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; TI-SAPPHIRE LASER; DEGREES THOMSON SCATTERING;
FABRY-PEROT CAVITY; GAMMA-S FACILITY; STORAGE-RING; X-RAYS; LIGHT;
BACKSCATTERING; GENERATION
AB When a relativistic electron beam interacts with a high -field laser beam, intense and highly collimated electromagnetic radiation will be generated through Compton scattering. Through relativistic upshifting and the relativistic Doppler effect, highly energetic polarized photons are radiated along the electron beam motion when the electrons interact with the laser light. For example, X-ray radiation can be obtained when optical lasers are scattered from electrons of tens-of-MeV beam energy. Because of the desirable properties of the radiation produced, many groups around the world have been designing, building, and utilizing Compton sources for a wide variety of purposes. In this review article, we discuss the generation and properties of the scattered radiation, the types of Compton source devices that have been constructed to date, and the prospects of radiation sources of this general type. Due to the possibilities of producing hard electromagnetic radiation in a device that is small compared to the alternative storage ring sources, it is foreseen that large numbers of such sources may be constructed in the future.
C1 [Krafft, Geoffrey A.] Jefferson Lab, Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, 12050 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Priebe, Gerd] Max Born Inst, High Field Lab, Max Born Str 2 A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
RP Krafft, GA (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, 12050 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM krafft@jlab.org; Gerd.Priebe@mbi-berlin.de
RI Priebe, Gerd/C-6330-2008
OI Priebe, Gerd/0000-0002-9880-8715
NR 81
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-6268
BN 978-981-434-039-7; 978-981-434-038-0
J9 REV ACCEL SCI TECH
PY 2010
VL 3
BP 147
EP 163
DI 10.1142/S1793626810000440
PG 17
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Optics; Physics
GA BE2SK
UT WOS:000369970600009
ER
PT S
AU Zholents, A
AF Zholents, Alexander
BE Chao, AW
Chou, W
TI Electron-Beam-Based Sources of Ultrashort X-ray Pulses
SO REVIEWS OF ACCELERATOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 3: ACCELERATORS AS
PHOTON SOURCES
SE Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Femtosecond X-ray pulse; attosecond X-ray pulse; slicing; rf orbit
distortion; Thomson scattering; synchrotron light source; free-electron
laser; SASE; seeded FEL; laser with CEP stabilization; pump-probe;
synchronization
ID DEGREES THOMSON SCATTERING; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS;
SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; STIMULATED-EMISSION;
STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS; SUB-10-FS LASER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; STORAGE-RINGS;
FEMTOSECOND
AB A review of various methods for generation of ultrashort X-ray pulses using relativistic electron beam from convent accelerators is presented. Both spontaneous and coherent emission of electrons are considered.
C1 [Zholents, Alexander] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zholents, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM azholents@aps.anl.gov
NR 109
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-6268
BN 978-981-434-039-7; 978-981-434-038-0
J9 REV ACCEL SCI TECH
PY 2010
VL 3
BP 237
EP 259
DI 10.1142/S1793626810000415
PG 23
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Optics; Physics
GA BE2SK
UT WOS:000369970600014
ER
PT J
AU Snijders, PC
Weitering, HH
AF Snijders, Paul C.
Weitering, Hanno H.
TI Colloquium: Electronic instabilities in self-assembled atom wires
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ADSORBED SI(111)
SURFACE; PHASE-TRANSITION; VICINAL SI(111); PEIERLS TRANSITION; QUANTUM
CHAINS; INDIUM; SILICON; SPIN
AB Many quasi-one-dimensional (1D) materials are experimental approximations to the textbook models of Peierls instabilities and collective excitations in 1D electronic systems. The recently observed self-assembly of atom wires on solid surfaces has provided fascinating new insights into the nature of their structural and electronic instabilities, from both real-space and momentum-space perspectives. In this Colloquium, three of the most studied atom wire arrays are highlighted, all featuring multiple surface-state bands. One of these is made of indium atoms on a flat silicon (111) surface, while the two others consist of gold atoms on surfaces that are vicinal to Si (111). The experimental and theoretical results are discussed with a focus on the detailed mechanisms of the observed phase transitions and on the role of microscopic defects.
C1 [Snijders, Paul C.; Weitering, Hanno H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Weitering, Hanno H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Snijders, PC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM snijderspc@ornl.gov
FU NSF [DMR 06-06485]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering, U. S. Department of Energy, through
the Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was sponsored in part by the NSF under Contract No. DMR
06-06485. Part of this work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U. S.
Department of Energy, through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Research performed by P. C. S. as a Eugene P. Wigner Fellow and staff
member at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle,
LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 117
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 1
U2 35
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
EI 1539-0756
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
BP 307
EP 329
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.307
PG 23
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 576XS
UT WOS:000276184000007
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JE
Carosi, G
AF Kim, Jihn E.
Carosi, Gianpaolo
TI Axions and the strong CP problem
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; PARTICLE DARK-MATTER; DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY
BREAKING; MICROWAVE CAVITY SEARCHES; PECCEI-QUINN SYMMETRY; PLANCK-SCALE
PHYSICS; STELLAR ENERGY-LOSS; STRING WORLD SHEET; INVISIBLE-AXION; SOLAR
AXIONS
AB Current upper bounds on the neutron electric dipole moment constrain the physically observable quantum chromodynamic (QCD) vacuum angle vertical bar(theta) over bar vertical bar less than or similar to 10(-11). Since QCD explains a great deal of experimental data from the 100 MeV to the TeV scale, it is desirable to explain this smallness of vertical bar(theta) over bar vertical bar in the QCD framework; this is the strong CP problem. There now exist two plausible solutions to this problem, one of which leads to the existence of a very light axion. The axion decay constant window, 10(9) less than or similar to F-a less than or similar to 10(12) GeV for an O(1) initial misalignment angle theta(1), has been obtained from astrophysical and cosmological data. For F-a greater than or similar to 10(12) GeV with theta(1) < O(1), axions may constitute a significant fraction of the dark matter of the universe. The supersymmetrized axion solution of the strong CP problem introduces its superpartner the axino, which might have affected the evolution of the Universe significantly. The very light axion (theory, supersymmetrization, and models) using recent particle, astrophysical, and cosmological data, and present prospects for its discovery is reviewed here.
C1 [Kim, Jihn E.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Kim, Jihn E.] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Theoret Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Carosi, Gianpaolo] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Kim, JE (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
EM jekim@ctp.snu.ac.kr; carosi2@llnl.gov
FU Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2005-084-C00001]
FX We have benefited from discussions with K.-J. Bae, S. M. Barr, Kiwoon
Choi, Ki-Young Choi, D. K. Hong, J.-H. Huh, K. Imai, H. D. Kim, I.-W.
Kim, A. Melissinos, C. Munoz, H. P. Nilles, S. Park, S. Raby, G. G.
Raffelt, A. Ringwald, K. van Bibber, and K. Zioutas. This work was
supported in part by the Korea Research Foundation, Grant No.
KRF-2005-084-C00001.
NR 384
TC 245
Z9 245
U1 5
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
EI 1539-0756
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
BP 557
EP 601
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.557
PG 45
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 576XS
UT WOS:000276184000013
ER
PT J
AU Yamada, M
Kulsrud, R
Ji, HT
AF Yamada, Masaaki
Kulsrud, Russell
Ji, Hantao
TI Magnetic reconnection
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; HYBRID-DRIFT INSTABILITY; THIN CURRENT SHEETS;
MODIFIED 2-STREAM INSTABILITY; 2-FLUID TEARING INSTABILITY; PLASMA
CURRENT SHEET; FUSION TEST REACTOR; COLLISIONLESS RECONNECTION;
LABORATORY PLASMA; LINE RECONNECTION
AB The fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas is reviewed by discussing results from theory, numerical simulations, observations from space satellites, and recent results from laboratory plasma experiments. After a brief review of the well-known early work, representative recent experimental and theoretical works are discussed and the essence of significant modern findings are interpreted. In the area of local reconnection physics, many findings have been made with regard to two-fluid physics and are related to the cause of fast reconnection. Profiles of the neutral sheet, Hall currents, and the effects of guide field, collisions, and microturbulence are discussed to understand the fundamental processes in a local reconnection layer in both space and laboratory plasmas. While the understanding of the global reconnection dynamics is less developed, notable findings have been made on this issue through detailed documentation of magnetic self-organization phenomena in fusion plasmas. Application of magnetic reconnection physics to astrophysical plasmas is also discussed.
C1 [Yamada, Masaaki; Kulsrud, Russell; Ji, Hantao] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Yamada, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RI Yamada, Masaaki/D-7824-2015
OI Yamada, Masaaki/0000-0003-4996-1649
NR 308
TC 308
Z9 313
U1 5
U2 70
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
EI 1539-0756
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
BP 603
EP 664
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.603
PG 62
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 576XS
UT WOS:000276184000014
ER
PT J
AU Goldhaber, AS
Nieto, MM
AF Goldhaber, Alfred Scharff
Nieto, Michael Martin
TI Photon and graviton mass limits
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODIFIED NEWTONIAN DYNAMICS; ELECTRIC CHARGE NONCONSERVATION; CLUSTER
MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TIME PHASE-TRANSITION; DARK-MATTER; REST-MASS;
GAUGE-INVARIANCE; BULLET CLUSTER; COULOMBS LAW; FINITE-RANGE
AB Efforts to place limits on deviations from canonical formulations of electromagnetism and gravity have probed length scales increasing dramatically over time. Historically, these studies have passed through three stages: (1) testing the power in the inverse-square laws of Newton and Coulomb, (2) seeking a nonzero value for the rest mass of photon or graviton, and (3) considering more degrees of freedom, allowing mass while preserving explicit gauge or general-coordinate invariance. Since the previous review the lower limit on the photon Compton wavelength has improved by four orders of magnitude, to about one astronomical unit, and rapid current progress in astronomy makes further advance likely. For gravity there have been vigorous debates about even the concept of graviton rest mass. Meanwhile there are striking observations of astronomical motions that do not fit Einstein gravity with visible sources. "Cold dark matter" (slow, invisible classical particles) fits well at large scales. "Modified Newtonian dynamics" provides the best phenomenology at galactic scales. Satisfying this phenomenology is a requirement if dark matter, perhaps as invisible classical fields, could be correct here too. "Dark energy" might be explained by a graviton-mass-like effect, with associated Compton wavelength comparable to the radius of the visible universe. Significant mass limits are summarized in a table.
C1 [Goldhaber, Alfred Scharff] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Goldhaber, Alfred Scharff; Nieto, Michael Martin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Goldhaber, AS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
FU National Science Foundation; United States Department of Energy
FX To begin, it is most appropriate to acknowledge T. Alexander Pond. It
was his informal lecture at Stony Brook on 12 June 1968 (5), which was
the original inspiration for our collaboration. 67 Further thanks are
due to John Anderson, Nima Arkani-Hamed, Jacob Bekenstein, Marusa
Bradac, Shantanu Desai, Bruce Draine, Sergei Dubovsky, Georgi Dvali,
Glennys Farrar, Eanna Flanagan, Alexander Friedland, Gregory Gabadadze,
George Gillies, Donald Groom, Andrei Gruzinov, Marek Karliner, Philipp
Kronberg, Michael Kuhlen, Rachel Mandelbaum, Philip Mannheim, Stacy
McGaugh, Patrick Meade, Mordehai Milgrom, Lyman Page, Ari Pakman, Gilad
Perez, Massimo Porrati, Joel Primack, Dmitri Ryutov, Robert Shrock,
Warren Siegel, David Spergel, Volker Springel, George Sterman, Scott
Tremaine, Virginia Trimble, Arkady Vainshtein, Cumrun Vafa, Peter van
Nieuwenhuizen, Eli Waxman, Chen Ning Yang, and Hongsheng Zhao. While
their insights have saved us from many mistakes, the ones that remain
are our responsibility. The work of A. S. G. was supported in part by
the National Science Foundation. That of M.M.N. was supported by the
United States Department of Energy.
NR 276
TC 114
Z9 114
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
EI 1539-0756
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
BP 939
EP 979
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.939
PG 41
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 576XS
UT WOS:000276184000021
ER
PT J
AU Martinez, A
Coleman, M
Romero-Talamas, CA
Frias, S
AF Martinez, Angelica
Coleman, Matthew
Romero-Talamas, Carlos Alejandro
Frias, Sara
TI An assessment of immediate DNA damage to occupationally exposed workers
to low dose ionizing radiation by using the comet assay
SO REVISTA DE INVESTIGACION CLINICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Comet assay; Occupational exposure; Ionizing radiation; DNA damage
ID HANDLING ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES;
CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; STRAND BREAKAGE; MICRONUCLEUS; POPULATION;
FREQUENCY; SMOKING; REPAIR; CELLS
AB Background. Several cytogenetic studies have shown an increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations for workers exposed to low dose Ionizing radiation, however the dose, type of radiation and management vary among the areas of work, it is possible that this vat ration may generate different quantity of DNA damage, detectable within the first hours after exposure of the personnel In this study we assessed early DNA lesions caused by exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation in 41 workers from the departments of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy and a group of 20 healthy unexposed individuals, all from the same Institution Material and methods. Blood samples were obtained from exposed and unexposed subjects for analysis of DNA damage using the comet assay The migration of the comet's tail was compared before and after the workday, as well as among the groups, the relationship between DNA migration and the exposure dose of the month was also obtained Results. A significant increase in damage to DNA was seen after workday for the occupationally exposed group (p < 0 01) as compared with the samples before workday as well as with those from the unexposed group A positive correlation was found between the monthly dose of radiation and the migration length of DNA before and after the workday (p < 0 01) There were significant differences in the length of the comet tails among workers from different departments workers from Radiology (28.6 mu m) have less DNA damage than those from Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy (92 5 mu m, 63 4 mu m respectively) departments Conclusions. All the workers occupationally exposed showed an Increase in DNA fragmentation after the workday The amount of radiation in all three services is different, in Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy the workers showed a greater monthly dose of exposure and greater DNA damage than the Radiology workers The longer tails were observed in Nuclear Medicine where radionuclides are used. these radioactive substances are handled and administered to patients orally or intravenously by the workers, which implies a different type of exposure and radiation, this may explain the differences found in this study Most of the DNA damage detected by the comet assay is repaired, however a part of it may result in stable chromosomal rearrangements that may represent a long-term health risk It is important to sensitize exposed workers on their responsibility of working with radiation and the improvement of the hospital safety practices
C1 [Coleman, Matthew] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Romero-Talamas, Carlos Alejandro] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Martinez, Angelica; Frias, Sara] Inst Nacl Pediat, Dept Invest Genet Humana, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
RP Frias, S (reprint author), Inst Nacl Pediat, Lab Citogenet, Av Iman 1,Torre Invest 6 Piso Col Insurgentes Cui, Mexico City 04530, DF, Mexico.
OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018
FU CONACYT [5091-M]; U.S Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Low Dose Radiation
FX This project was financed by CONACYT, project # 5091-M M.A.Coleman was
supported by U.S Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, with funding from the Low
Dose Radiation Research program. We appreciate the collaboration of
Estrella Avila MD and Maria Teresa Lanche MD, as well as those workers
that participated in the study and also Dr. Emiy Yokoyama for
statistical advice.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST NACIONAL NUTRICION
PI MEXICO
PA VASCO DE QUIROZA 15, COLONIA SECCION XVI, TLALPAN, MEXICO 14000 D F,
MEXICO
SN 0034-8376
J9 REV INVEST CLIN
JI Rev. Invest. Clin.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 62
IS 1
BP 23
EP 30
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 585LQ
UT WOS:000276827400004
PM 20415056
ER
PT B
AU Massoudi, M
AF Massoudi, Mehrdad
BE Deshpande, AP
Krishnan, JM
Kumar, PBS
TI Mathematical Modelling of Granular Materials
SO RHEOLOGY OF COMPLEX FLUIDS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT School on Rheology of Complex Fluids
CY JAN 04-09, 2010
CL Indian Inst Technol Madras, Chennai, INDIA
SP Govt India, Sci & Engn Res Council, Dept Sci & Technol
HO Indian Inst Technol Madras
ID EFFECTIVE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; STEADY COMPRESSIBLE FLOW; MOHR-COULOMB
CRITERION; NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS; WEDGE-SHAPED HOPPER; HEAT-FLUX VECTOR;
CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS; CONTINUUM THEORY; ANTIGRANULOCYTES MATERIALS;
BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS
AB In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of the important issues in modelling of granular materials. A continuum mechanics approach is taken where it is assumed that the material behaves similar to a compressible non-linear fluid where the effects of density gradients are incorporated in the stress tensor. We discuss and solve the heat transfer in granular materials flowing down an inclined plane with radiation effects at the free surface. For a fully developed flow, the equations simplify to a system of three non-linear ordinary differential equations. The equations are made dimensionless and a parametric study is performed where the effects of various dimensionless numbers representing the effects of heat conduction, viscous dissipation, radiation, etc. are presented.
C1 [Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM massoudi@netl.doe.gov
NR 123
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6493-9
PY 2010
BP 219
EP 245
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6494-6_10
PG 27
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BH0IN
UT WOS:000395207500010
ER
PT J
AU Toor, N
Keating, KS
Fedorova, O
Rajashankar, K
Wang, JM
Pyle, AM
AF Toor, Navtej
Keating, Kevin S.
Fedorova, Olga
Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta
Wang, Jimin
Pyle, Anna Marie
TI Tertiary architecture of the Oceanobacillus iheyensis group II intron
SO RNA-A PUBLICATION OF THE RNA SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE group II intron; RNA tertiary structure; ribozyme; X-ray crystallography
ID SELF-SPLICING INTRONS; RNA FOLDING MOTIF; ACTIVE-SITE;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; METAL-ION; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; RIBOSOMAL-RNAS;
EXON-BINDING; NMR SYSTEM; IN-VITRO
AB Group II introns are large ribozymes that act as self-splicing and retrotransposable RNA molecules. They are of great interest because of their potential evolutionary relationship to the eukaryotic spliceosome, their continued influence on the organization of many genomes in bacteria and eukaryotes, and their potential utility as tools for gene therapy and biotechnology. One of the most interesting features of group II introns is their relative lack of nucleobase conservation and covariation, which has long suggested that group II intron structures are stabilized by numerous unusual tertiary interactions and backbone-mediated contacts. Here, we provide a detailed description of the tertiary interaction networks within the Oceanobacillus iheyensis group IIC intron, for which a crystal structure was recently solved to 3.1 angstrom resolution. The structure can be described as a set of several intricately constructed tertiary interaction nodes, each of which contains a core of extended stacking networks and elaborate motifs. Many of these nodes are surrounded by a web of ribose zippers, which appear to further stabilize local structure. As predicted from biochemical and genetic studies, the group II intron provides a wealth of new information on strategies for RNA folding and tertiary structural organization.
C1 [Toor, Navtej; Fedorova, Olga; Wang, Jimin; Pyle, Anna Marie] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Keating, Kevin S.] Yale Univ, Interdept Program Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, NE CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Pyle, Anna Marie] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA.
RP Pyle, AM (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, 266 Whitney Ave,Room 334A,Bass Bldg, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM jimin.wang@yale.edu; anna.pyle@yale.edu
FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR015301, RR-15301];
NIGMS NIH HHS [GM50313, R01 GM050313]
NR 75
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 7
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI WOODBURY
PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA
SN 1355-8382
J9 RNA
JI RNA-Publ. RNA Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 1
BP 57
EP 69
DI 10.1261/rna.1844010
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 533YT
UT WOS:000272862900006
PM 19952115
ER
PT B
AU Wang, JSY
Guglielmi, Y
Gaffet, S
AF Wang, J. S. Y.
Guglielmi, Y.
Gaffet, S.
BE Zhao, J
Labiouse, V
Dudt, JP
Mathier, JF
TI Collaborative projects between two USA-France national subsurface
laboratories to improve imaging of fractured-porous rocks properties and
coupled THMCB processes
SO ROCK MECHANICS IN CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK 2010)
CY JUN 15-18, 2010
CL Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
SP EPFL, Lab Rock Mech, Swiss Soc Soil & Rock Mech, Natl Grp Switzland
ID RUSTREL; LSBB
AB CO(2) injection, coupled process testing, and subsurface imaging/sensing are three studies among the first suite of experiments selected for design and implementation at the USA's Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL). The studies, initiated in 2009, include workshops to develop international collaborations. The USA-France collaborations have been established between the Laboratoire Souterrain a Bas Bruit (LSBB) and the Earth Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) through the following activities: (1) Exchanges for the project on High-Pulse Poroelasticity Protocol (HPPP), with annual and biannual meetings and visits on designing the sensors installed in boreholes, modeling the field test configurations, and interpreting test results. (2) Expansions of research topic discussions initiated at the 2007 2nd inter-Disciplinary Underground Science and Technology (i-DUST) conference. (3) Organization jointly an American Geophysical Union session NH31C on seismic coupling and correlation from underground, surface, to the ionosphere. Some exciting findings that emerge from such collaborative national subsurface laboratories researches include first field measurement of coupled seismic-electromagnetic-poroelastic waves in saturated and unsaturated zones, underground field measurements of magnetic profiles correlated with findings by radar soundings, sightings, and satellite observations of ionospheric electrical depressions above seismic regions. Fruitful discussions were also initiated on testing beyond CO(2) supercritical-gas phase transitions to include geochemical interactions with cement and geomicrobiological sampling along fluid columns planned at DUSEL, as well as in carbonate rocks at LSBB. These LBNL-LSBB collaborations are examples that can lead to initiatives in developing international, interdisciplinary innovations. We plan to jointly organize a workshop in the 2012 Beijing ISRM Congress and other meetings worldwide to explore i-DUST collaborations and beyond.
C1 [Wang, J. S. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wang, JSY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-58654-2
PY 2010
BP 857
EP 860
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA BVA83
UT WOS:000290917200198
ER
PT S
AU Hansen, CW
Helton, JC
Sallaberry, CJ
AF Hansen, Clifford W.
Helton, Jon C.
Sallaberry, Cedric J.
BE Deshpande, A
Hunter, A
TI Characterization, Propagation and Analysis of Aleatory and Epistemic
Uncertainty in the 2008 Performance Assessment for the Proposed
Repository for High-Level Radioactive Waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
SO SCALABLE UNCERTAINTY MANAGEMENT, SUM 2010
SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Annual International Conference on Scalable Uncertainty Management
(SUM)
CY SEP 27-29, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
ID ISOLATION PILOT-PLANT; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; RISK
ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; DISPOSAL
AB The 2008 performance assessment (PA) for the proposed repository for high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada, illustrates the conceptual structure of risk assessments for complex systems. The 2008 YM PA is based on the following three conceptual entities: a probability space that characterizes aleatory uncertainty; a function that predicts consequences for individual elements of the sample space for aleatory uncertainty; and a probability space that characterizes epistemic uncertainty. These entities and their use in the characterization, propagation and analysis of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty are described and illustrated with results from the 2008 YM PA.
C1 [Hansen, Clifford W.; Helton, Jon C.; Sallaberry, Cedric J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hansen, CW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM cwhanse@sandia.gov
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 5
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15950-3
J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT
PY 2010
VL 6379
BP 177
EP 190
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BDB30
UT WOS:000312447800020
ER
PT B
AU Maksymovych, P
AF Maksymovych, Peter
BE Kalinin, SV
Gruverman, A
TI Excitation and Mechanisms of Single Molecule Reactions in Scanning
Tunneling Microscopy
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS: NANOSCALE IMAGING AND
SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; METAL-SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; ATOMIC MANIPULATION;
CHEMICAL-REACTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; EXCITED-STATES; DYNAMICS;
DISSOCIATION; SPECTROSCOPY
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Maksymovych, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM maksymovychp@ornl.gov
NR 110
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6567-7
PY 2010
BP 3
EP 37
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7167-8_1
PG 35
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
GA BSQ99
UT WOS:000285524200001
ER
PT B
AU Malkin, AJ
Plomp, M
AF Malkin, Alexander J.
Plomp, Marco
BE Kalinin, SV
Gruverman, A
TI High-Resolution Architecture and Structural Dynamics of Microbial and
Cellular Systems: Insights from in Vitro Atomic Force Microscopy
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS: NANOSCALE IMAGING AND
SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CLOSTRIDIUM-NOVYI-NT; SUBTILIS SPORE COAT;
X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS; BACILLUS-CEREUS; BACTERIOLYTIC THERAPY;
EXPERIMENTAL-TUMORS; SPIRAL GROWTH; PROTEIN; EXOSPORIUM
C1 [Malkin, Alexander J.; Plomp, Marco] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Plomp, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM malkin1@llnl.gov; malkin1@llnl.gov
NR 96
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6567-7
PY 2010
BP 39
EP 68
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7167-8_2
PG 30
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
GA BSQ99
UT WOS:000285524200002
ER
PT B
AU Nikiforov, MP
Proksch, R
AF Nikiforov, M. P.
Proksch, Roger
BE Kalinin, SV
Gruverman, A
TI Dynamic SPM Methods for Local Analysis of Thermo-Mechanical Properties
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS: NANOSCALE IMAGING AND
SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SCANNING THERMAL MICROSCOPY; SILICON
MICROCANTILEVER HEATERS; ELASTIC-MODULUS; MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES;
ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; EXPANSION MICROSCOPY; SENSING INDENTATION;
ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; POLYMERIC MATERIALS
C1 [Nikiforov, M. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Proksch, Roger] Asylum Res, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
RP Nikiforov, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM nikiforovm@ornl.gov; roger@asylumresearch.com
NR 102
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6567-7
PY 2010
BP 199
EP 229
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7167-8_8
PG 31
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
GA BSQ99
UT WOS:000285524200008
ER
PT B
AU Rose, V
Freeland, JW
Streiffer, SK
AF Rose, Volker
Freeland, John W.
Streiffer, Stephen K.
BE Kalinin, SV
Gruverman, A
TI New Capabilities at the Interface of X-Rays and Scanning Tunneling
Microscopy
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS: NANOSCALE IMAGING AND
SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; PROBE
MICROSCOPY; TIP CURRENT; THIN-FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; FABRICATION;
INSULATORS; ABSORPTION
C1 [Rose, Volker; Freeland, John W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Streiffer, Stephen K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rose, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM vrose@anl.gov
RI Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008
OI Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6567-7
PY 2010
BP 405
EP 431
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7167-8_14
PG 27
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
GA BSQ99
UT WOS:000285524200014
ER
PT B
AU Rodriguez, BJ
Jesse, S
Seal, K
Balke, N
Kalinin, SV
Proksch, R
AF Rodriguez, B. J.
Jesse, S.
Seal, K.
Balke, N.
Kalinin, S. V.
Proksch, Roger
BE Kalinin, SV
Gruverman, A
TI Dynamic and Spectroscopic Modes and Multivariate Data Analysis in
Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS: NANOSCALE IMAGING AND
SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; DOMAIN SWITCHING
DYNAMICS; ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; POLARIZATION IMPRINT; PB(ZR,TI)O-3 FILMS;
BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; FATIGUE-ENDURANCE; CONTACT STIFFNESS;
NANOMETER-SCALE
C1 [Rodriguez, B. J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Proksch, Roger] Asylum Res, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
RP Rodriguez, BJ (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
EM brian.rodriguez@ucd.ie; roger@asylumresearch.com
NR 121
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6567-7
PY 2010
BP 491
EP 528
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7167-8_17
PG 38
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy; Spectroscopy
GA BSQ99
UT WOS:000285524200017
ER
PT J
AU Poznanski, D
Chornock, R
Nugent, PE
Bloom, JS
Filippenko, AV
Ganeshalingam, M
Leonard, DC
Li, WD
Thomas, RC
AF Poznanski, Dovi
Chornock, Ryan
Nugent, Peter E.
Bloom, Joshua S.
Filippenko, Alexei V.
Ganeshalingam, Mohan
Leonard, Douglas C.
Li, Weidong
Thomas, Rollin C.
TI An Unusually Fast-Evolving Supernova
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID IA SUPERNOVAE; WHITE-DWARFS; PHOTOMETRY
AB Analyses of supernovae (SNe) have revealed two main types of progenitors: exploding white dwarfs and collapsing massive stars. Here we describe SN 2002bj, which stands out as different from any SN reported to date. Its light curve rose and declined very rapidly, yet reached a peak intrinsic brightness greater than-18 magnitude. A spectrum obtained 7 days after discovery shows the presence of helium and intermediate-mass elements, yet no clear hydrogen or iron-peak elements. The spectrum only barely resembles that of a type Ia SN, with added carbon and helium. Its properties suggest that SN 2002bj may be representative of a class of progenitors that previously has been only hypothesized: a helium detonation on a white dwarf, ejecting a small envelope of material. New surveys should find many such objects, despite their scarcity.
C1 [Poznanski, Dovi; Chornock, Ryan; Bloom, Joshua S.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Ganeshalingam, Mohan; Li, Weidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Poznanski, Dovi; Nugent, Peter E.; Thomas, Rollin C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Leonard, Douglas C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Poznanski, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dovi@berkeley.edu
NR 19
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5961
BP 58
EP 60
DI 10.1126/science.1181709
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 541DZ
UT WOS:000273395400028
PM 19892941
ER
PT J
AU Liu, HT
He, J
Tang, JY
Liu, H
Pang, P
Cao, D
Krstic, P
Joseph, S
Lindsay, S
Nuckolls, C
AF Liu, Haitao
He, Jin
Tang, Jinyao
Liu, Hao
Pang, Pei
Cao, Di
Krstic, Predrag
Joseph, Sony
Lindsay, Stuart
Nuckolls, Colin
TI Translocation of Single-Stranded DNA Through Single-Walled Carbon
Nanotubes
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE NANOPORES; TRANSPORT; MOLECULES; CHANNEL; FABRICATION;
MEMBRANES; ACID
AB We report the fabrication of devices in which one single-walled carbon nanotube spans a barrier between two fluid reservoirs, enabling direct electrical measurement of ion transport through the tube. A fraction of the tubes pass anomalously high ionic currents. Electrophoretic transport of small single-stranded DNA oligomers through these tubes is marked by large transient increases in ion current and was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Each current pulse contains about 10(7) charges, an enormous amplification of the translocated charge. Carbon nanotubes simplify the construction of nanopores, permit new types of electrical measurements, and may open avenues for control of DNA translocation.
C1 [He, Jin; Liu, Hao; Pang, Pei; Cao, Di; Lindsay, Stuart] Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Liu, Haitao; Tang, Jinyao; Nuckolls, Colin] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Liu, Hao; Lindsay, Stuart] Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Pang, Pei; Cao, Di; Lindsay, Stuart] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Krstic, Predrag; Joseph, Sony] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lindsay, S (reprint author), Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM Stuart.Lindsay@asu.edu; cn37@columbia.edu
RI he, jin/C-6256-2009; Tang, Jinyao/I-3851-2012
FU NHGRI NIH HHS [R21 HG004770-01, R21 HG004770]
NR 26
TC 160
Z9 161
U1 11
U2 122
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5961
BP 64
EP 67
DI 10.1126/science.1181799
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 541DZ
UT WOS:000273395400030
PM 20044570
ER
PT J
AU Yadava, MK
Mishra, RS
Chen, YL
Carlson, B
Grant, GJ
AF Yadava, M. K.
Mishra, R. S.
Chen, Y. L.
Carlson, B.
Grant, G. J.
TI Study of friction stir joining of thin aluminium sheets in lap joint
configuration
SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING
LA English
DT Article
DE Friction stir welding; Lap joints; Aluminium alloys; Sheet thinning;
Faying surface defects
ID FSW
AB Thinning in friction stir lap joints and its relation with the process variables was investigated. Friction stir welds were made on 1 mm thick AA6111 aluminium alloy sheets in order to study the effects of rotation rate, traverse speed, plunge depth, tilt angle and pin height on faying surface defects. Sheet thinning on the advancing and retreating sides was quantified and the lap shear strength of the joints was evaluated. A decrease in the pitch of the runs at constant rotation rate increased the sheet thinning and reduced the joint strength in a linear manner. Process pitch and pin height were found to be the most critical factors in determining the faying surface lift up. A pin of the same height as the sheet thickness resulted in maximum lap shear strength. Tool tilt did not show a significant effect on the sheet thinning.
C1 [Yadava, M. K.; Mishra, R. S.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Frict Stir Proc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Chen, Y. L.; Carlson, B.] GM R&D Ctr, Warren, MI 48090 USA.
[Grant, G. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99356 USA.
RP Mishra, RS (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Frict Stir Proc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM rsmishra@mst.edu
RI Mishra, Rajiv/A-7985-2009
OI Mishra, Rajiv/0000-0002-1699-0614
FU NSF-IIP [0531019]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Friction
Stir Link
FX This work was performed under the NSF-IUCRC for friction stir processing
and the support of NSF-IIP (grant no. 0531019), Boeing, GM, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory and Friction Stir Link for the MS&T site
is acknowledged. This report was prepared as an account of work
sponsored by an agency of the US Government. The views and opinions of
authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of
the United States Government or any agency thereof.
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 20
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 1362-1718
J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI
JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 70
EP 75
DI 10.1179/136217109X12537145658733
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 572RM
UT WOS:000275850500009
ER
PT S
AU Otoo, E
Rotem, D
Tsao, SC
AF Otoo, Ekow
Rotem, Doron
Tsao, Shih-Chiang
BE Gertz, M
Ludascher, B
TI Dynamic Data Reorganization for Energy Savings in Disk Storage Systems
SO SCIENTIFIC AND STATISTICAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database
Management
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies
DE Energy Saving; RAID System Configuration; Energy-aware storage
ID MANAGEMENT
AB High performance computing (HPC) systems utilize parallel file systems that are striped over large number of disks to address the I/O performance requirement of data intensive applications. These large number of disks are typically configured into RAID groups for resiliency. Such arrangements of on-line disk storage systems constitutes one of the major consumers of power in HPC centers. Many disk power management (DPM) schemes have been suggested where by the power consumed by these disks is reduced by spinning them down after they experience long idle periods. Spinning the disks down and up results in additional energy and response time costs. For that reason, DPM schemes are effective only if the disks experience relatively long idle periods and the scheme does not introduce a severe response time penalty. In this paper we focus on RAID storage systems where by, depending on the RAID level, a group of disks are formed into RAID units. We introduce a dynamic block exchange algorithm which switches data between such units based on the observed workload such that frequently accessed blocks end up residing on a few "hot" units thus allowing the majority of RAID groups to experience longer idle periods. We validated the effectiveness of the algorithm with several real-life and synthetic traces showing power savings of up to 50% with very small response time penalties.
C1 [Otoo, Ekow; Rotem, Doron; Tsao, Shih-Chiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Otoo, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-13817-1
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6187
BP 322
EP 341
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ16
UT WOS:000286148800024
ER
PT S
AU Missier, P
Soiland-Reyes, S
Owen, S
Tan, W
Nenadic, A
Dunlop, I
Williams, A
Oinn, T
Goble, C
AF Missier, Paolo
Soiland-Reyes, Stian
Owen, Stuart
Tan, Wei
Nenadic, Alexandra
Dunlop, Ian
Williams, Alan
Oinn, Tom
Goble, Carole
BE Gertz, M
Ludascher, B
TI Taverna, Reloaded
SO SCIENTIFIC AND STATISTICAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database
Management
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies
ID WORKFLOWS; TOOL
AB The Taverna workflow management system is an open source project with a history of widespread adoption within multiple experimental science communities, and a long-term ambition of effectively supporting the evolving need of those communities for complex, data-intensive, service-based experimental pipelines. This short paper describes how the recently overhauled technical architecture of Taverna addresses issues of efficiency, scalability, and extensibility, and presents performance results based on a collection of synthetic workflows, as well as a concrete case study involving a production workflow in the area of cancer research.
C1 [Missier, Paolo; Soiland-Reyes, Stian; Owen, Stuart; Nenadic, Alexandra; Dunlop, Ian; Williams, Alan; Goble, Carole] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Tan, Wei] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL USA.
[Oinn, Tom] European Bioinformat Inst, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, England.
RP Missier, P (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
RI Tan, Wei/A-8144-2009;
OI Goble, Carole/0000-0003-1219-2137; Missier, Paolo/0000-0002-0978-2446
NR 19
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-13817-1
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6187
BP 471
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ16
UT WOS:000286148800033
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Jython, Java and jHepWork
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 3
EP 26
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_2
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 24
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300001
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Introduction to Jython
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 27
EP 84
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_3
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 58
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300002
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Mathematical Functions
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 85
EP 120
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_4
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 36
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300003
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI One-dimensional Data
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 121
EP 134
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_5
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300004
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Two-dimensional Data
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 135
EP 159
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_6
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 25
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300005
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Multi-dimensional Data
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 161
EP 169
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_7
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300006
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Arrays, Matrices and Linear Algebra
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 171
EP 192
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_8
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 22
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300007
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Histograms
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 193
EP 221
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_9
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 29
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300008
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Random Numbers and Statistical Samples
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 223
EP 233
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_10
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300009
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Graphical Canvases
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 235
EP 271
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_11
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 37
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300010
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Input and Output
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 273
EP 312
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_12
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 40
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300011
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Miscellaneous Analysis Issues Using jHepWork
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 313
EP 334
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_13
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 22
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300012
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Data Clustering
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 335
EP 342
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_14
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300013
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Linear Regression and Curve Fitting
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 343
EP 365
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_15
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 23
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300014
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Neural Networks
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 367
EP 382
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_16
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300015
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Steps in Data Analysis
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov; chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 383
EP 405
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_17
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 23
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300016
ER
PT B
AU Chekanov, SV
AF Chekanov, Sergei V.
BA Chekanov, SV
BF Chekanov, SV
TI Real-life Examples
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA ANALYSIS USING JYTHON SCRIPTING AND JAVA
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HIGH-ENERGY COLLISIONS; FLUCTUATIONS; INTERMITTENCY; PRINCIPLE
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chekanov, SV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chakanau@hep.anl.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-1-84996-286-5
PY 2010
BP 407
EP 433
DI 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_18
D2 10.1007/978-1-84996-287-2_1
PG 27
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BQN24
UT WOS:000281365300017
ER
PT J
AU Brodtkorb, AR
Dyken, C
Hagen, TR
Hjelmervik, JM
Storaasli, OO
AF Brodtkorb, Andre R.
Dyken, Christopher
Hagen, Trond R.
Hjelmervik, Jon M.
Storaasli, Olaf O.
TI State-of-the-art in heterogeneous computing
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE Power-efficient architectures; parallel computer architecture; stream or
vector architectures; energy and power consumption; microprocessor
performance
ID BROAD-BAND ENGINE; STENCIL COMPUTATIONS; CELL; PERFORMANCE; GPU;
PROCESSOR; ALGEBRA; ARCHITECTURE; SIMULATION
AB Node level heterogeneous architectures have become attractive during the last decade for several reasons: compared to traditional symmetric CPUs, they offer high peak performance and are energy and/or cost efficient. With the increase of fine-grained parallelism in high-performance computing, as well as the introduction of parallelism in workstations, there is an acute need for a good overview and understanding of these architectures. We give an overview of the state-of-the-art in heterogeneous computing, focusing on three commonly found architectures: the Cell Broadband Engine Architecture, graphics processing units (GPUs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). We present a review of hardware, available software tools, and an overview of state-of-the-art techniques and algorithms. Furthermore, we present a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the architectures, and give our view on the future of heterogeneous computing.
C1 [Brodtkorb, Andre R.; Dyken, Christopher; Hagen, Trond R.; Hjelmervik, Jon M.] SINTEF ICT, Dept Appl Math, N-0314 Oslo, Norway.
[Storaasli, Olaf O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Brodtkorb, AR (reprint author), SINTEF ICT, Dept Appl Math, POB 124, N-0314 Oslo, Norway.
EM Andre.Brodtkorb@sintef.no; Christopher.Dyken@sintef.no;
Trond.R.Hagen@sintef.no; Jon.M.Hjelmervik@sintef.no; Olaf@ornl.gov
FU AMD; IBM; NVIDIA; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Research Council of Norway [180023, 186947]
FX The authors would like to thank Gernot Ziegler at NVIDIA Corporation,
Knut-Andreas Lie and Johan Seland at SINTEF ICT, and Praveen Bhaniramka
and Gaurav Garg at Visualization Experts Limited for their fruitful
comments and feedback. We also appreciate the valuable input from the
anonymous reviewers, and the continued support from AMD, IBM and NVIDIA.
Part of this work is done under Research Council of Norway project
number 180023 (Parallel3D) and 186947 (Heterogeneous Computing). Dr.
Storaasli's research contributions were sponsored by the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle for the US Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 172
TC 82
Z9 85
U1 1
U2 16
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 1
BP 1
EP 33
DI 10.3233/SPR-2009-0296
PG 33
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 612OH
UT WOS:000278908800001
ER
PT J
AU Ltaief, H
Kurzak, J
Dongarra, J
Badia, RM
AF Ltaief, Hatem
Kurzak, Jakub
Dongarra, Jack
Badia, Rosa M.
TI Scheduling two-sided transformations using tile algorithms on multicore
architectures
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE Scheduling; multicore; linear algebra; matrix factorization; two-sided
transformations
ID MEMORY-HIERARCHY PERFORMANCE; BLOCK DATA LAYOUT; QR FACTORIZATION;
REDUCTION; LIBRARY; SERIAL
AB The objective of this paper is to describe, in the context of multicore architectures, three different scheduler implementations for the two-sided linear algebra transformations, in particular the Hessenberg and Bidiagonal reductions which are the first steps for the standard eigenvalue problems and the singular value decompositions respectively. State-of-the-art dense linear algebra softwares, such as the LAPACK and ScaLAPACK libraries, suffer performance losses on multicore processors due to their inability to fully exploit thread-level parallelism. At the same time the fine-grain dataflow model gains popularity as a paradigm for programming multicore architectures. Buttari et al. (Parellel Comput. Syst. Appl. 35 (2009), 38-53) introduced the concept of tile algorithms in which parallelism is no longer hidden inside Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms but is brought to the fore to yield much better performance. Along with efficient scheduling mechanisms for data-driven execution, these tile two-sided reductions achieve high performance computing by reaching up to 75% of the DGEMM peak on a 12000 x 12000 matrix with 16 Intel Tigerton 2.4 GHz processors. The main drawback of the tile algorithms approach for two-sided transformations is that the full reduction cannot be obtained in one stage. Other methods have to be considered to further reduce the band matrices to the required forms.
C1 [Ltaief, Hatem; Kurzak, Jakub; Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Sch Math, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Badia, Rosa M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Ctr Nacl Supercomputac, Barcelona, Spain.
RP Dongarra, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM dongarra@eecs.utk.edu
RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Badia, Rosa/L-1980-2014
OI Badia, Rosa/0000-0003-2941-5499
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 1
BP 35
EP 50
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0297
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 612OH
UT WOS:000278908800002
ER
PT J
AU Jost, G
Koniges, A
AF Jost, Gabriele
Koniges, Alice
TI Special Issue: Exploring languages for expressing medium to massive
on-chip parallelism
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Jost, Gabriele] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Koniges, Alice] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jost, G (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 125
EP 126
DI 10.3233/SPR-2011-0312
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500001
ER
PT J
AU Preissl, R
Koniges, A
Ethier, S
Wang, WX
Wichmann, N
AF Preissl, Robert
Koniges, Alice
Ethier, Stephan
Wang, Weixing
Wichmann, Nathan
TI Overlapping communication with computation using OpenMP tasks on the GTS
magnetic fusion code
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE GTS; OpenMP task; communication overlap; hybrid MPI and OpenMP computing
ID MICROTURBULENCE
AB Application codes in a variety of areas are being updated for performance on the latest architectures. In this paper we examine an application, which comes from magnetic fusion for performance acceleration with a particular emphasis on methods that are applicable for many/multicore and future architectural designs. We take an important magnetic fusion particle code that already includes several levels of parallelism including hybrid MPI combined with OpenMP. We study how to include new advanced hybrid models, which extend the applicability of OpenMP tasks and exploit multi-threaded MPI support to overlap communication and computation. Experiments carried out on Cray XT4 and XT5 machines resulting in a speed-up of up to 35% of the investigated GTS particle shifter kernel show the benefits and applicability of this approach.
C1 [Preissl, Robert; Koniges, Alice] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ethier, Stephan; Wang, Weixing] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Wichmann, Nathan] Cray Inc, St Paul, MN USA.
RP Preissl, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rpreissl@lbl.gov
FU Petascale Initiative in Computational Science at NERSC; Cray Center of
Excellence at NERSC; NERSC
FX A majority of the work in this paper was supported by the Petascale
Initiative in Computational Science at NERSC. Some additional research
on this paper was supported by the Cray Center of Excellence at NERSC.
Additionally, we are grateful for interactions with John Shalf and
Nicholas Wright and for the extended computer time as well as the
valuable support from NERSC.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 139
EP 151
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0311
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500003
ER
PT J
AU Shan, HZ
Blagojevic, F
Min, SJ
Hargrove, P
Jin, HQ
Fuerlinger, K
Koniges, A
Wright, NJ
AF Shan, Hongzhang
Blagojevic, Filip
Min, Seung-Jai
Hargrove, Paul
Jin, Haoqiang
Fuerlinger, Karl
Koniges, Alice
Wright, Nicholas J.
TI A programming model performance study using the NAS parallel benchmarks
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE Programming model; performance study; UPC; OpenMP; MPI; memory usage
AB Harnessing the power of multicore platforms is challenging due to the additional levels of parallelism present. In this paper we use the NAS Parallel Benchmarks to study three programming models, MPI, OpenMP and PGAS to understand their performance and memory usage characteristics on current multicore architectures. To understand these characteristics we use the Integrated Performance Monitoring tool and other ways to measure communication versus computation time, as well as the fraction of the run time spent in OpenMP. The benchmarks are run on two different Cray XT5 systems and an Infiniband cluster. Our results show that in general the three programming models exhibit very similar performance characteristics. In a few cases, OpenMP is significantly faster because it explicitly avoids communication. For these particular cases, we were able to re-write the UPC versions and achieve equal performance to OpenMP. Using OpenMP was also the most advantageous in terms of memory usage. Also we compare performance differences between the two Cray systems, which have quad-core and hex-core processors. We show that at scale the performance is almost always slower on the hex-core system because of increased contention for network resources.
C1 [Shan, Hongzhang; Blagojevic, Filip; Min, Seung-Jai; Hargrove, Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Future Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jin, Haoqiang] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, NAS Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Fuerlinger, Karl] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Koniges, Alice; Wright, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shan, HZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Future Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hshan@lbl.gov
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research in the Department of
Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Energy Research
Scientific Computing Center [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Center for
Computational Sciences [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX All authors from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were supported by
the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research in the Department
of Energy Office of Science under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This
work used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center, under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and resources of the
National Center for Computational Sciences, under contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 153
EP 167
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0306
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500004
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, YL
AF Zheng, Yili
TI Optimizing UPC programs for multi-core systems
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE UPC; PGAS
AB The Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) model of Unified Parallel C (UPC) can help users express and manage application data locality on non-uniform memory access (NUMA) multi-core shared-memory systems to get good performance. First, we describe several UPC program optimization techniques that are important to achieving good performance on NUMA multi-core computers with examples and quantitative performance results. Second, we use two numerical computing kernels, parallel matrix-matrix multiplication and parallel 3-D FFT, to demonstrate the end-to-end development and optimization for UPC applications. Our results show that the optimized UPC programs achieve very good and scalable performance on current multi-core systems and can even outperform vendor-optimized libraries in some cases.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zheng, YL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM yzheng@lbl.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 183
EP 191
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0310
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500006
ER
PT J
AU Toeppen, J
AF Toeppen, John
TI Promises, Promises
SO SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Toeppen, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM toeppen1@llnl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCIENTIST INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 400 MARKET ST, STE 1250, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0890-3670
J9 SCIENTIST
JI Scientist
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 12
EP 12
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA 536TP
UT WOS:000273067000003
ER
PT J
AU Wiley, S
AF Wiley, Steven
TI Mind Your Manners
SO SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wiley, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCIENTIST INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 400 MARKET ST, STE 1250, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0890-3670
J9 SCIENTIST
JI Scientist
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 23
EP 23
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA 536TP
UT WOS:000273067000018
ER
PT B
AU Bardeen, WA
AF Bardeen, William A.
BE Zichichi, A
TI BEYOND HIGGS
SO SEARCH FOR THE TOTALLY UNEXPECTED IN THE LHC ERA
SE Subnuclear Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 45th Course of the International-School-of-Subnuclear-Physics
CY AUG-SEP -, 2007
CL Erice, ITALY
SP Int Sch Subnucl Phys, Acad Sci Estonia, Acad Sci Georgia, Acad Sci Lithuania, Acad Sci Russia, Acad Sci Ukraine, Chinese Acad Sci, Commiss European Communities, European Phys Soc, Italian Minist Educ, Univ Sci Res, Sicilian Reg Govt, Weizmann Inst Sci, World Federat Scientists, World Lab
ID GAUGE INVARIANCE; BROKEN SYMMETRIES; WEAK INTERACTIONS;
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MODEL; MASS; CONSERVATION; DIMENSIONS; HIERARCHY;
PARTICLES
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Bardeen, WA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC
PI ATHENS
PA AG LOANNOU THEOLOGOU 17-23, 15773 ZOGRAPHOU, ATHENS, GREECE
BN 978-981-4293-23-5
J9 SUBNUCL SER
PY 2010
VL 45
BP 1
EP +
DI 10.1142/9789814293242_0001
PG 22
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOO32
UT WOS:000277137800001
ER
PT B
AU Brodsky, SJ
de Teramond, GF
AF Brodsky, Stanley J.
de Teramond, Guy F.
BE Zichichi, A
TI AdS/CFT and Light-Front QCD
SO SEARCH FOR THE TOTALLY UNEXPECTED IN THE LHC ERA
SE Subnuclear Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 45th Course of the International-School-of-Subnuclear-Physics
CY AUG-SEP -, 2007
CL Erice, ITALY
SP Int Sch Subnucl Phys, Acad Sci Estonia, Acad Sci Georgia, Acad Sci Lithuania, Acad Sci Russia, Acad Sci Ukraine, Chinese Acad Sci, Commiss European Communities, European Phys Soc, Italian Minist Educ, Univ Sci Res, Sicilian Reg Govt, Weizmann Inst Sci, World Federat Scientists, World Lab
ID GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; WAVE-FUNCTION REPRESENTATION; VIRTUAL
COMPTON-SCATTERING; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY BREAKING; FORM-FACTORS; QUANTUM
CHROMODYNAMICS; HOLOGRAPHIC QCD; HADRON SPECTROSCOPY; EXCLUSIVE
PROCESSES; INFRARED BEHAVIOR
AB The AdS/CFT correspondence between string theory in AdS space and conformal field theories in physical space-time leads to an analytic, semi-classical model for strongly-coupled QCD which has scale invariance and dimensional counting at short distances and color confinement at large distances. The AdS/CFT correspondence also provides insights into the inherently nonperturbative aspects of QCD such as the orbital and radial spectra of hadrons and the form of hadronic wavefunctions. In particular, we show that there is an exact correspondence between the fifth-dimensional coordinate of AdS space z and a specific impact variable zeta which measures the separation of the quark and gluonic constituents within the hadron in ordinary space-time. This connection leads to AdS/CFT predictions for the analytic form of the frame-independent light-front wavefunctions (LFWFs) of mesons and baryons, the fundamental entities which encode hadron properties. The LFWFs in turn predict decay constants and spin correlations, as well as dynamical quantities such as form factors, structure functions, generalized parton distributions, and exclusive scattering amplitudes. Relativistic light-front equations in ordinary space-time are found which reproduce the results obtained using the fifth-dimensional theory and have remarkable algebraic structures and integrability properties. As specific examples we describe the behavior of the pion form factor in the space and time-like regions and determine the Dirac nucleon form factors in the space-like region. An extension to nonzero quark mass is used to determine hadronic distribution amplitudes of all mesons, heavy and light. We compare our results with the moments of the distribution amplitudes which have recently been computed from lattice gauge theory.
C1 [Brodsky, Stanley J.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
[de Teramond, Guy F.] Ecole Polytech, Ctr Phys Theorique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Florida Ice Farm
FX SJB thanks Professors A. Zichichi and G. 't Hooft for the opportunity to
lecture at this school, and he is grateful for the intense interest of
the students of the school in AdS/QCD developments. This research was
supported by the Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The
research of GdT is supported in part by an Aportes grant from Florida
Ice & Farm.
NR 124
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC
PI ATHENS
PA AG LOANNOU THEOLOGOU 17-23, 15773 ZOGRAPHOU, ATHENS, GREECE
BN 978-981-4293-23-5
J9 SUBNUCL SER
PY 2010
VL 45
BP 139
EP +
DI 10.1142/9789814293242_0008
PG 11
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOO32
UT WOS:000277137800008
ER
PT B
AU McLerran, L
AF McLerran, Larry
BE Zichichi, A
TI The Color Glass Condensate and the Glasma: Two Lectures
SO SEARCH FOR THE TOTALLY UNEXPECTED IN THE LHC ERA
SE Subnuclear Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 45th Course of the International-School-of-Subnuclear-Physics
CY AUG-SEP -, 2007
CL Erice, ITALY
SP Int Sch Subnucl Phys, Acad Sci Estonia, Acad Sci Georgia, Acad Sci Lithuania, Acad Sci Russia, Acad Sci Ukraine, Chinese Acad Sci, Commiss European Communities, European Phys Soc, Italian Minist Educ, Univ Sci Res, Sicilian Reg Govt, Weizmann Inst Sci, World Federat Scientists, World Lab
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GLUON PRODUCTION; SATURATION MOMENTUM;
ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; SMALL-X; QCD; EQUATION; SINGULARITY; EVOLUTION;
NUCLEUS
AB These two lectures concern the Color Glass Condensate and the Glasma. These are forms of matter which might be studied in high energy hadronic collisions. The Color Glass Condensate is high energy density gluonic matter. It constitutes the part of a hadron wave-function important for high energy processes. The Glasma is matter produced from the Color Glass Condensate in the first instants after a collision of two high energy hadrons. Both types of matter are associated with coherent fields. The Color Glass Condensate is static and related to a hadron wavefunction, where the Glasma is transient and evolves quickly after a collision. I present the properties of such matter, and some aspects of what is known of their properties.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken Brookhaven Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken Brookhaven Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC
PI ATHENS
PA AG LOANNOU THEOLOGOU 17-23, 15773 ZOGRAPHOU, ATHENS, GREECE
BN 978-981-4293-23-5
J9 SUBNUCL SER
PY 2010
VL 45
BP 237
EP 264
DI 10.1142/9789814293242_0011
PG 28
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BOO32
UT WOS:000277137800011
ER
PT S
AU Chernov, AA
AF Chernov, A. A.
BE Wang, M
Tsukamoto, K
Wu, D
TI Surface Phenomena and Parameters of Crystal Growth: Simple Basics
SO SELECTED TOPICS ON CRYSTAL GROWTH
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Summer School on Crystal Growth
CY AUG, 2010
CL Dalian, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Union Crystallog Comm SAS, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Linn High Therm GmbH, Natl Lab Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing Univ
DE Crystal Growth; Interface; Surface energy; Steps; Kinks; Kinetics;
Dislocations; Kinetic coefficient; Roughening transition; Diffuse
interface
ID CRYSTALLIZATION; INTERFACE; DYNAMICS
AB Basic concepts of crystal growth and their practical use to semi-quantitatively estimate growth processes are explained: surface energy and free energy, driving force of crystallization, atomically rough vs smooth interface structure and the corresponding normal vs layer-by-layer growth modes, application of the activated complex concept to derive kinetic coefficient characterizing crystal growth rate at a given driving force. The Reader is supposed to be familiar with general physics and chemistry. No specific knowledge in crystal growth is required.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Chernov, AA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM chernov2@llnl.gov
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0821-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1270
BP 1
EP 25
DI 10.1063/1.3476227
PG 25
WC Crystallography; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Physics
GA BTK40
UT WOS:000287166400001
ER
PT S
AU Evans, JW
Han, Y
Unal, B
Li, MZ
Caspersen, KJ
Jing, DP
Layson, AR
Stoldt, CR
Duguet, T
Thiel, PA
AF Evans, J. W.
Han, Yong
Uenal, Baris
Li, Maozhi
Caspersen, K. J.
Jing, Dapeng
Layson, A. R.
Stoldt, C. R.
Duguet, T.
Thiel, P. A.
BE Wang, M
Tsukamoto, K
Wu, D
TI From Initial to Late Stages of Epitaxial Thin Film Growth: STM Analysis
and Atomistic or Coarse-Grained Modeling
SO SELECTED TOPICS ON CRYSTAL GROWTH
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Summer School on Crystal Growth
CY AUG, 2010
CL Dalian, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Union Crystallog Comm SAS, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Linn High Therm GmbH, Natl Lab Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing Univ
DE Homoepitaxy; heteroepitaxy; Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM); Density
Functional Theory (DFT) analysis; atomistic lattice-gas models; KMC;
step-dynamics; island formation; kinetic roughening
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; ISLAND FORMATION; AL
DEPOSITION; QUASI-CRYSTAL; METAL-FILMS; AG; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE;
AG(110)
AB Epitaxial thin film growth by vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy under ultra-high vacuum conditions generally occurs in two stages: (i) nucleation and growth of well-separated islands on the substrate; (ii) subsequent formation of a thicker continuous film with possible kinetic roughening. For homoepitaxial growth, two-dimensional (2D) monolayer islands are formed during submonolayer deposition. Typically, the presence of a step-edge barrier inhibits downward transport and leads to the formation of mounds (multilayer stacks of 2D islands) during multilayer growth. For heteroepitaxial growth, islands formed in the initial stages of deposition sometimes have a 2D monolayer structure. However, they may instead exhibit bilayer or 3D multilayer structure due to, e.g., a high film surface energy, strain, or quantum size effects. Various growth modes are possible for thicker films. Atomistic modeling provides the most detailed picture of film growth. For coherent (defect-free) epitaxial films, lattice-gas modeling analyzed by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation (KMC) is particularly successful in describing film growth on the appropriate time and length scales. For large islands or complex systems, another effective and instructive approach is laterally coarse-grained step-dynamics modeling which tracks only the evolution of step edges in each layer. However, fully coarse-grained 3D continuum modeling for the evolution of a film height function does not yet have predictive capability. Examples are provided for: Ag homoepitaxy on (100), (111) and (110) surfaces; Ag heteroepitaxy on lattice-matched substrates including NiAl(110), NiAl(100), and Fe(100); and Ag heteroepitaxy on 5-fold icosohedral Al-Pd-Mn and 2-fold decagonal Al-Cu-Co quasicrystalline surfaces.
C1 [Evans, J. W.; Han, Yong; Caspersen, K. J.; Layson, A. R.; Stoldt, C. R.] Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Evans, J. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Evans, J. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Uenal, Baris; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Caspersen, K. J.; Jing, Dapeng; Layson, A. R.; Stoldt, C. R.; Duguet, T.; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Evans, J. W.; Uenal, Baris; Jing, Dapeng; Duguet, T.; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Li, Maozhi] Renmin Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Uenal, Baris] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Caspersen, K. J.; Layson, A. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Layson, A. R.] Trine Univ, Dept Sci, Angola, IN 46703 USA.
[Stoldt, C. R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Evans, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI DUGUET, Thomas/B-6738-2011; Han, Yong/F-5701-2012; Jing,
Dapeng/M-3455-2014
OI Han, Yong/0000-0001-5404-0911; Jing, Dapeng/0000-0001-7600-7071
FU DJ; AL; CS; NSF [CHE-0809472]; BU; TD; PT; Division of Materials
Sciences; USDOE BES; ML; NSF China [10704088]; USDOE; Iowa State
University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX JE, YH, ML, and KC were supported (for the modeling work on all systems)
and DJ, AL, and CS (for the experimental studies on Ag/Ag and Ag/NiAl)
by NSF grant CHE-0809472 and by previous NSF grants. BU, TD, PT were
supported (for experimental studies of Ag/Al-Pd-Mn and Ag/Al-Cu-Co) by
the Division of Materials Sciences, USDOE BES. ML was also supported by
NSF China grant 10704088. The work was performed at Ames Laboratory
which is operated for the USDOE by Iowa State University under Contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 81
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0821-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1270
BP 26
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3476231
PG 4
WC Crystallography; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Physics
GA BTK40
UT WOS:000287166400002
ER
PT S
AU De Yoreo, JJ
AF De Yoreo, James J.
BE Wang, M
Tsukamoto, K
Wu, D
TI Physical Mechanisms of Crystal Growth Modification by Biomolecules
SO SELECTED TOPICS ON CRYSTAL GROWTH
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Summer School on Crystal Growth
CY AUG, 2010
CL Dalian, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Union Crystallog, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Linn High Therm GmbH, Natl Lab Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing Univ
DE Biomineralization; crystal growth from solution; atomic force microscopy
ID CALCIUM-OXALATE CRYSTALLIZATION; ASPARTIC-ACID; MOLECULAR MODULATION;
SELECTIVE BINDING; CITRATE; STEPS; INHIBITION; NUCLEATION; PEPTIDES;
KINETICS
AB During the process of biomineralization, living organisms use macromolecules to direct the nucleation and growth of a variety of inorganic materials. Because biomineral structures exhibit complex topologies, hierarchical design, and unique materials properties, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of biomolecular controls over mineral growth presents an opportunity to develop new strategies towards synthesis of novel materials for applications across a wide range of technologies. Herein the results from a combination of in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and molecular modeling (MM) studies to investigate the effect of specific interactions between carboxylate-rich biomolecules and atomic steps on calcium carbonate and calcium oxalate crystal surfaces during the growth are reviewed. The results show how the stereochemical relationships between additive and atomic step leads to modifications of crystal shape. In some cases, the inhibitory effects of strong binders are well-explained by a model of growth inhibition based on the classic Cabrera-Vermilyea theory, but updated to take into account the particular nature of biomolecular adsorption dynamics. The consequences include a positive feedback between peptide adsorption and step inhibition that results in bistable growth with rapid switching from fast to near-zero growth rates for very small changes in supersaturation. The phenomenon of biomolecule-induced growth acceleration is also reviewed and shown to be common to both the oxalate and carbonate systems. The source of acceleration is related to the activation barrier for solute attachment to steps. Finally, experimental and theoretical results are presented that suggest most biomineral phases can not be described by conventional models in which kink formation due to thermal fluctuations at step edges is rapid enough to ensure the availability of kinks. Instead, growth is kink-limited. As a consequence, biomolecule-step interactions cannot be interpreted with traditional thermodynamic models based on minimization of the Gibbs free energy. Instead these interactions follow a different mechanism determined by the kinetics of attachment and detachment. The general nature of these findings support the plausibility of their application to industrial systems.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP De Yoreo, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0821-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1270
BP 45
EP 59
DI 10.1063/1.3476238
PG 15
WC Crystallography; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Physics
GA BTK40
UT WOS:000287166400003
ER
PT S
AU Wang, HL
Turner, JA
AF Wang, Heli
Turner, John A.
BE Mantz, R
TI Photoelectrochemistry of Hematite Thin Films
SO SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Semiconductor Electrolyte Interface and
Photoelectrochemistry Held During the 216th Meeting of the
Electrochemical-Society
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol, Phys & Analyt Electrochem
ID IRON-OXIDE ELECTRODES; ALPHA-FE2O3 ELECTRODES; WATER OXIDATION;
VISIBLE-LIGHT; WO3; PHOTOELECTROLYSIS; PHOTOANODES; SYSTEM; GROWTH;
ARRAYS
AB Optical investigation indicated that both nanorod and pyrolysis hematite thin films show direct and indirect band gap transitions. Nanorod film shows a direct band gap of 2.14 eV and an indirect band gap of 2.04 eV. Pyrolysis film gives a direct gap of 2.15 eV and an indirect gap of 2.08 eV.
Pyrolysis film has much higher IPCEs than the nanorod film. IPCE measurements give band gaps of 1.94 and 2.00 eV for nanorod film and pyrolysis film, respectively. Photocurrent onsets in 1M NaOH solution were -0.44 V for nanorod film and -0.14 V for pyrolysis film. For nanorod film, linear (photocurrent)(0.5) similar to light intensity relationship means a high charge carriers' recombination. Linear photocurrent similar to light intensity relationship with pyrolysis film indicates a fast charge transfer. Adopting pyrolysis film in the dual photoelectrode assembly resulted in zero short circuit photocurrent, due to the mis-match of the CBM of the pyrolysis film with the VBM of the p-GaInP2. It is expected that combining the advantages of the two films should form an efficient electrode for photoelectrochemical water splitting with efficient charge transfer and a large surface area.
C1 [Wang, Heli; Turner, John A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-817-6
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 42
BP 49
EP 62
DI 10.1149/1.3416201
PG 14
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA BCY24
UT WOS:000311971100006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CJ
Cao, Q
AF Wang, Congjun
Cao, Qing
BE Sun, Y
Rogers, JA
TI Thin Films of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Flexible Electronic
Device Applications
SO SEMICONDUCTOR NANOMATERIALS FOR FLEXIBLE TECHNOLOGIES: FROM
PHOTOVOLTAICS AND ELECTRONICS TO SENSORS AND ENERGY STORAGE/HARVESTING
DEVICES
SE Micro & Nano Technologies
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING FILMS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE ELECTRONICS;
COMPLEMENTARY LOGIC GATES; P-N DIODES; ALIGNED ARRAYS; NETWORK
TRANSISTORS; GUIDED GROWTH; LOW-VOLTAGE; LARGE-SCALE; DIELECTRICS
C1 [Wang, Congjun] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Wang, Congjun] Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15219 USA.
[Cao, Qing] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY USA.
RP Wang, CJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM congjun.wang@pp.netl.doe.gov; qcao@us.ibm.com
NR 73
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4377-7824-3
J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL
PY 2010
BP 105
EP 128
DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-7823-6.00004-0
PG 24
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BEQ90
UT WOS:000317778700005
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, J
Sun, YG
Rogers, JA
AF Yoon, Jongseung
Sun, Yugang
Rogers, John A.
BE Sun, Y
Rogers, JA
TI Flexible Solar Cells Made of Nanowires/Microwires
SO SEMICONDUCTOR NANOMATERIALS FOR FLEXIBLE TECHNOLOGIES: FROM
PHOTOVOLTAICS AND ELECTRONICS TO SENSORS AND ENERGY STORAGE/HARVESTING
DEVICES
SE Micro & Nano Technologies
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TIO2 NANOTUBE ARRAYS; IONIC LIQUID ELECTROLYTES; ATOMIC LAYER
DEPOSITION; ZNO NANOROD ARRAYS; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; ENERGY
CONVERSION; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS;
SILICON
C1 [Yoon, Jongseung] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Sun, Yugang] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Yoon, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM ygsun@anl.gov; jrogers@uiuc.edu
RI Rogers, John /L-2798-2016
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4377-7824-3
J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL
PY 2010
BP 159
EP 196
DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-7823-6.00006-4
PG 38
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BEQ90
UT WOS:000317778700007
ER
PT B
AU Wang, HH
AF Wang, H. Hau
BE Sun, Y
Rogers, JA
TI Flexible Chemical Sensors
SO SEMICONDUCTOR NANOMATERIALS FOR FLEXIBLE TECHNOLOGIES: FROM
PHOTOVOLTAICS AND ELECTRONICS TO SENSORS AND ENERGY STORAGE/HARVESTING
DEVICES
SE Micro & Nano Technologies
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; GAS SENSOR; HYDROGEN
SENSORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; NANOWIRE ARRAYS;
OXIDE-FILMS; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wang, HH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM Hau.Wang@anl.gov
NR 118
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4377-7824-3; 978-1-4377-7823-6
J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL
PY 2010
BP 247
EP 273
DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-7823-6.00009-X
PG 27
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BEQ90
UT WOS:000317778700010
ER
PT J
AU Seifert, CE
AF Seifert, Carolyn E.
BE Iniewski, K
TI Compton Imaging Principles and Practice
SO SEMICONDUCTOR RADIATION DETECTION SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SEGMENTED GERMANIUM DETECTORS; LIST-MODE LIKELIHOOD;
DEPTH-OF-INTERACTION; SCATTER CAMERA; ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS; EMISSION
TOMOGRAPHY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; EM RECONSTRUCTION; PET DETECTOR;
READ-OUT
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Seifert, CE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-0385-1
PY 2010
BP 281
EP 313
PG 33
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BTK32
UT WOS:000287155000014
ER
PT J
AU Chen, CMH
Cook, WR
Madsen, KK
Harrison, FA
Chonko, JC
Koglin, JE
Hailey, CJ
Christensen, FE
Jensen, CP
Craig, WW
Ziock, K
AF Chen, C. M. Hubert
Cook, Walter R.
Madsen, Kristin Kruse
Harrison, Fiona A.
Chonko, James C.
Koglin, Jason E.
Hailey, Charles J.
Christensen, Finn E.
Jensen, Carsten P.
Craig, William W.
Ziock, Klaus
BE Iniewski, K
TI Hard X-Ray Imaging Detectors Onboard the Balloon-Borne High-Energy
Focusing Telescope
SO SEMICONDUCTOR RADIATION DETECTION SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CDZNTE PIXEL DETECTORS; HEFT; PERFORMANCE; CONTACTS
C1 [Chen, C. M. Hubert; Cook, Walter R.; Madsen, Kristin Kruse; Harrison, Fiona A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Chonko, James C.; Koglin, Jason E.; Hailey, Charles J.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Christensen, Finn E.; Jensen, Carsten P.] Danish Natl Space Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Craig, William W.; Ziock, Klaus] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Chen, CMH (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-0385-1
PY 2010
BP 359
EP 382
PG 24
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BTK32
UT WOS:000287155000016
ER
PT J
AU Lakhankar, T
Jones, AS
Combs, CL
Sengupta, M
Haar, THV
Khanbilvardi, R
AF Lakhankar, Tarendra
Jones, Andrew S.
Combs, Cynthia L.
Sengupta, Manajit
Haar, Thomas H. Vonder
Khanbilvardi, Reza
TI Analysis of Large Scale Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture Using a
Geostatistical Method
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE soil moisture; kriging; variogram; AGRMET; Oklahoma Mesonet
ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; OKLAHOMA MESONET; FIELD; CATCHMENT;
INTERPOLATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Spatial and temporal soil moisture dynamics are critically needed to improve the parameterization for hydrological and meteorological modeling processes. This study evaluates the statistical spatial structure of large-scale observed and simulated estimates of soil moisture under pre-and post-precipitation event conditions. This large scale variability is a crucial in calibration and validation of large-scale satellite based data assimilation systems. Spatial analysis using geostatistical approaches was used to validate modeled soil moisture by the Agriculture Meteorological (AGRMET) model using in situ measurements of soil moisture from a state-wide environmental monitoring network (Oklahoma Mesonet). The results show that AGRMET data produces larger spatial decorrelation compared to in situ based soil moisture data. The precipitation storms drive the soil moisture spatial structures at large scale, found smaller decorrelation length after precipitation. This study also evaluates the geostatistical approach for mitigation for quality control issues within in situ soil moisture network to estimates at soil moisture at unsampled stations.
C1 [Lakhankar, Tarendra; Khanbilvardi, Reza] CUNY, NOAA, CREST, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Jones, Andrew S.; Combs, Cynthia L.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Sengupta, Manajit] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lakhankar, T (reprint author), CUNY, NOAA, CREST, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM tlakhankar@ccny.cuny.edu; jones@cira.colostate.edu;
combs@cira.colostate.edu; Manajit.Sengupta@nrel.gov;
vonderhaar@cira.colostate.edu; khanbilvardi@ccny.cuny.edu
RI Lakhankar, Tarendra/F-9490-2011; Jones, Andrew/D-3291-2012; vonderhaar,
thomas/N-6724-2015
OI Lakhankar, Tarendra/0000-0002-4759-2141; Jones,
Andrew/0000-0002-0995-4957; vonderhaar, thomas/0000-0002-1962-7757
FU NOAA; DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State
University [DAAD19-02-2-0005, W911NF-06-2-0015]
FX Tarendra Lakhankar was supported by NOAA through a post-doctoral
position at Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere,
Colorado State University. Part of this research was supported by the
DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State
University under Cooperative Agreements DAAD19-02-2-0005 and
W911NF-06-2-0015 with the Army Research Laboratory. The authors also
thank George Mason from the Army Corps of Engineers and Gary McWilliams
and Michael Mungiole from the Army Research Laboratory for many helpful
discussions. We thank Dustin Rapp (CSU), and, Jeff Basara of the
Oklahoma Climatological Survey for supplying the Oklahoma Mesonet data
and algorithms necessary to derive the in situ volumetric water content
information used in this research.
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 14
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 1
BP 913
EP 932
DI 10.3390/s100100913
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 548WI
UT WOS:000273999800054
PM 22315576
ER
PT S
AU Sekhar, PK
Brosha, EL
Mukundan, R
Nelson, MA
Toracco, D
Garzon, FH
AF Sekhar, P. K.
Brosha, E. L.
Mukundan, R.
Nelson, M. A.
Toracco, D.
Garzon, F. H.
BE Mukundan, R
Hunter, G
Aguilar, Z
TI Effect of Electrolyte Sintering Temperature on Mixed Potential Sensor
Performance
SO SENSORS, ACTUATORS, AND MICROSYSTEMS (GENERAL) - 216TH ECS MEETING
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Sensors, Actuators, and Microsystems General Session held
during the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Sensor Div
ID OXIDE ELECTRODES; GAS SENSORS
AB The article reports on the effect of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) sintering temperature on the La0.8Sr0.2CrO3/YSZ/Pt' mixed potential sensor response. In this investigation, the sintering temperature of YSZ was varied from 1000 to 1200 degrees C. The sensor response and response time was recorded for each sample. In addition, the morphology of YSZ was investigated using Mercury Porosimetry measurements.
A 77% increase in sensor response and a 27 fold augment in sensor response time was observed for the sensor fabricated with YSZ sintered at 1200 degrees C when compared to a 1000 degrees C sintered device upon exposure to 100 ppm of propylene. An increase in tortuosity and a decrease in permeability coefficient were noticed for devices fabricated at higher sintering temperatures. The increase in sensitivity for the 1200 degrees C sample has been attributed to lower surface area. On the other hand, reduced gas permeability to the electrode\electrolyte interface resulted in the sluggish response. The optimized sintering temperature of YSZ based on the sensitivity-response time trade-off was found to lie between 1100 degrees and 1150 degrees C.
C1 [Sekhar, P. K.; Brosha, E. L.; Mukundan, R.; Nelson, M. A.; Toracco, D.; Garzon, F. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Sekhar, PK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-804-6
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 31
BP 19
EP 27
DI 10.1149/1.3327199
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry; Remote Sensing
SC Electrochemistry; Remote Sensing
GA BC6TI
UT WOS:000354477100003
ER
PT S
AU Sekhar, PK
Brosha, EL
Mukundan, R
Farber, B
Shuk, P
Garzon, FH
AF Sekhar, P. K.
Brosha, E. L.
Mukundan, R.
Farber, B.
Shuk, P.
Garzon, F. H.
BE Hunter, G
Aguilar, Z
Carter, M
Li, J
TI Investigation of a New Conditioning Method for Improved Performance of
non-Nernstian Sensors
SO SENSORS, ACTUATORS, AND MICROSYSTEMS (GENERAL) - 217TH ECS MEETING
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Sensors, Actuators, and Microsystems General Session held
during the 217th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY APR 25-30, 2010
CL Vancouver, CANADA
SP Electrochem Soc, Sensor
ID MIXED POTENTIAL SENSORS; GAS SENSORS
AB The article reports on a new conditioning technique referred to as the pulsed discharge technique to improve the performance of non-Nernstian potentiometric sensors. In this method, the sensor is energized through a series of positive and negative pulses between the electrodes with discharge phases in between. The sensor response is extracted from the discharge characteristics, which depend on the type of gas and its concentration. The data is presented as a combination of variables derived form the discharge characteristics. In this study, a 'La0.8Sr0.2CrO3/YSZ/Pt' sensor configuration was used to investigate this technique.
The sensor baseline drift, response, and recovery time was found to improve when the device was subjected to PDT. Further, a 27-fold increase in sensor response was observed per 1000 ppm of NO compared to the device tested in the absence of PDT. The PDT technique is thought to change the interfacial defect concentration by voltage pulses in the solid electrolyte. Subsequent measurement of the relaxation rate after perturbation in the presence of the target gas gives rise to unique discharge characteristics. It is emphasized that this study has to be seen as an initial approach that demonstrates the potential of the novel conditioning principle for improving the non-Nernstian sensor performance.
C1 [Sekhar, P. K.; Brosha, E. L.; Mukundan, R.; Garzon, F. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Farber, B.] BJR Sensors LLC, Solon, OH 44139 USA.
[Shuk, P.] Rosemount Analyt Inc, Solon, OH 44139 USA.
RP Sekhar, PK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-196-0; 978-1-56677-846-6
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 20
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1149/1.3489927
PG 8
WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing
SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing
GA BHG08
UT WOS:000325322800001
ER
PT S
AU Collord, AD
Branson, ED
Fenton, KR
Cook, AW
Clem, P
Apblett, CA
AF Collord, A. D.
Branson, E. D.
Fenton, K. R.
Cook, A. W.
Clem, P.
Apblett, C. A.
BE Hunter, G
Aguilar, Z
Carter, M
Li, J
TI Towards Printable Open-Air Microfluidic Devices
SO SENSORS, ACTUATORS, AND MICROSYSTEMS (GENERAL) - 217TH ECS MEETING
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Sensors, Actuators, and Microsystems General Session held
during the 217th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY APR 25-30, 2010
CL Vancouver, CANADA
SP Electrochem Soc, Sensor
ID CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; FABRICATION; CHIP
AB We have demonstrated a novel microfluidic technique for aqueous media, which uses super-hydrophobic materials to create microfluidic channels that are open to the atmosphere. We have demonstrated the ability to perform traditional electrokinetic operations such as ionic separations and electrophoresis using these devices. The rate of evaporation was studied and found to increase with decreasing channel size, which places a limitation on the minimum size of channel that could be used for such a device.
C1 [Collord, A. D.; Fenton, K. R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Collord, A. D.; Branson, E. D.; Cook, A. W.; Clem, P.; Apblett, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Collord, AD (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-196-0; 978-1-56677-846-6
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 20
BP 73
EP 77
DI 10.1149/1.3489933
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing
SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing
GA BHG08
UT WOS:000325322800007
ER
PT S
AU Allgood, GO
Olama, MM
Lake, JE
Brumback, D
AF Allgood, Glenn O.
Olama, Mohammed M.
Lake, Joe E.
Brumback, Daryl
BE Carapezza, EM
TI Capacity Utilization Study for Aviation Security Cargo Inspection
Queuing System
SO SENSORS, AND COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTELLIGENCE (C3I)
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY AND HOMELAND DEFENSE IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and
Intelligence (C31) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland
Defense IX
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Discrete event simulation; queuing model; capacity utilization;
subscribed capacity utilization
AB In this paper, we conduct performance evaluation study for an aviation security cargo inspection queuing system for material flow and accountability. The queuing model employed in our study is based on discrete-event simulation and processes various types of cargo simultaneously. Onsite measurements are collected in an airport facility to validate the queuing model. The overall performance of the aviation security cargo inspection system is computed, analyzed, and optimized for the different system dynamics. Various performance measures are considered such as system capacity, residual capacity, throughput, capacity utilization, subscribed capacity utilization, resources capacity utilization, subscribed resources capacity utilization, and number of cargo pieces (or pallets) in the different queues. These metrics are performance indicators of the system's ability to service current needs and response capacity to additional requests. We studied and analyzed different scenarios by changing various model parameters such as number of pieces per pallet, number of TSA inspectors and ATS personnel, number of forklifts, number of explosives trace detection (ETD) and explosives detection system (EDS) inspection machines, inspection modality distribution, alarm rate, and cargo closeout time. The increased physical understanding resulting from execution of the queuing model utilizing these vetted performance measures should reduce the overall cost and shipping delays associated with new inspection requirements.
C1 [Allgood, Glenn O.; Olama, Mohammed M.; Lake, Joe E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Allgood, GO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, POB 2008,MS-6085, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM allgoodgo@ornl.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8130-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7666
AR 76662T
DI 10.1117/12.849316
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS37
UT WOS:000285627900059
ER
PT S
AU Lombardo, NJ
Knudson, CK
Rutz, FC
Pattison, KJ
Stratton, RC
Wiborg, JC
AF Lombardo, Nicholas J.
Knudson, Christa K.
Rutz, Frederick C.
Pattison, Kerrie J.
Stratton, Rex C.
Wiborg, James C.
BE Carapezza, EM
TI Considerations for developing technologies for an integrated
person-borne IED countermeasure architecture
SO SENSORS, AND COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTELLIGENCE (C3I)
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY AND HOMELAND DEFENSE IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and
Intelligence (C31) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland
Defense IX
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE explosives; standoff; requirements; testing; countermeasures; STIDP;
sensors; large public events
AB Developing an integrated person-borne improvised explosive device (IED) countermeasure to protect unstructured crowds at large public venues is the goal of the Standoff Technology Integration and Demonstration Program (STIDP), sponsored in part by the U. S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The architecture being developed includes countermeasure technologies deployed as a layered defense and enabling technologies for operating the countermeasures as an integrated system. In the architecture, early recognition of potentially higher-risk individuals is crucial. Sensors must be able to detect, with high accuracy, explosives' threat signatures in varying environmental conditions, from a variety of approaches and with dense crowds and limited dwell time. Command-and-control technologies are needed to automate sensor operation, reduce staffing requirements, improve situational awareness, and automate/facilitate operator decisions.
STIDP is developing technical and operational requirements for standoff and remotely operated sensors and is working with federal agencies and foreign governments to implement these requirements into their research and development programs. STIDP also is developing requirements for a software platform to rapidly integrate and control various sensors; acquire, analyze, and record their data; and present the data in an operationally relevant manner. Requirements also are being developed for spatial analysis, tracking and assessing threats with available screening resources, and data fusion for operator decision-making.
C1 [Lombardo, Nicholas J.; Knudson, Christa K.; Rutz, Frederick C.; Pattison, Kerrie J.; Stratton, Rex C.; Wiborg, James C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lombardo, NJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 99, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8130-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7666
AR 76661N
DI 10.1117/12.850424
PG 7
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS37
UT WOS:000285627900031
ER
PT S
AU Olama, MM
Allgood, GO
Davenport, KM
Schryver, JC
AF Olama, Mohammed M.
Allgood, Glenn O.
Davenport, Kristen M.
Schryver, Jack C.
BE Carapezza, EM
TI A Bayesian Belief Network of Threat Anticipation and Terrorist
Motivations
SO SENSORS, AND COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTELLIGENCE (C3I)
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY AND HOMELAND DEFENSE IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and
Intelligence (C31) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland
Defense IX
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Anticipation; Bayesian belief network; network engineering process
ID FREQUENCY
AB Recent events highlight the need for efficient tools for anticipating the threat posed by terrorists, whether individual or groups. Antiterrorism includes fostering awareness of potential threats, deterring aggressors, developing security measures, planning for future events, halting an event in process, and ultimately mitigating and managing the consequences of an event. To analyze such components, one must understand various aspects of threat elements like physical assets and their economic and social impacts. To this aim, we developed a three-layer Bayesian belief network (BBN) model that takes into consideration the relative threat of an attack against a particular asset (physical layer) as well as the individual psychology and motivations that would induce a person to either act alone or join a terrorist group and commit terrorist acts (social and economic layers). After researching the many possible motivations to become a terrorist, the main factors are compiled and sorted into categories such as initial and personal indicators, exclusion factors, and predictive behaviors. Assessing such threats requires combining information from disparate data sources most of which involve uncertainties. BBN combines these data in a coherent, analytically defensible, and understandable manner. The developed BBN model takes into consideration the likelihood and consequence of a threat in order to draw inferences about the risk of a terrorist attack so that mitigation efforts can be optimally deployed. The model is constructed using a network engineering process that treats the probability distributions of all the BBN nodes within the broader context of the system development process.
C1 [Olama, Mohammed M.; Allgood, Glenn O.; Schryver, Jack C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Olama, MM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, POB 2008,MS 6085, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM olamahussemm@ornl.gov
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8130-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7666
AR 76660V
DI 10.1117/12.849464
PG 11
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS37
UT WOS:000285627900015
ER
PT S
AU Flynn, EB
Kpotufe, S
Harvey, D
Figueiredo, E
Taylor, S
Dondi, D
Mollov, T
Todd, MD
Rosing, TS
Park, G
Farrar, C
AF Flynn, Eric B.
Kpotufe, Samory
Harvey, Dustin
Figueiredo, Eloi
Taylor, Stuart
Dondi, Denis
Mollov, Todor
Todd, Michael D.
Rosing, Tajana Simunic
Park, Gyuhae
Farrar, Charles
BE Tomizuka, M
Yun, CB
Giurgiutiu, V
Lynch, JP
TI SHMTools: A new embeddable software package for SHM applications
SO SENSORS AND SMART STRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES FOR CIVIL, MECHANICAL, AND
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil,
Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2010
CY MAR 08-11, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, KAIST
DE Structural Health Monitoring; Embedded software
ID DAMAGE DETECTION
AB This paper describes a new software package, SHMTools, for prototyping algorithms for various structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The software includes a set of standardized MATLAB routines covering three main stages of SHM: data acquisition, feature extraction, and feature classification for damage identification. A subset of the software in SHMTools is embeddable, which consists of Matlab functions that can be cross-compiled into generic "C" programs to be run on a target hardware. The software is designed to accommodate multiple sensing modalities, including piezoelectric active-sensing, which have become widely used in SHM practice. The software package, standardized datasets, and detailed documentation are publicly available for use by the SHM community. The details of this software will be discussed, along with several example processes to demonstrate its utility.
C1 [Harvey, Dustin; Taylor, Stuart; Park, Gyuhae; Farrar, Charles] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Farrar, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM farrar@lanl.gov
RI Taylor, Stuart/B-1347-2013;
OI Figueiredo, Eloi/0000-0002-9168-6903; Farrar,
Charles/0000-0001-6533-6996
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8062-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7647
AR 764717
DI 10.1117/12.848234
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSQ93
UT WOS:000285510800038
ER
PT J
AU Hu, Y
Tan, OK
Zhu, WG
Cao, WQ
AF Hu, Ying
Tan, Ooi Kiang
Zhu, Weiguang
Cao, Wenqing
BE Ram, MK
Bhethanabotla, VR
TI Solid-State Gas Sensors
SO SENSORS FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID FIELD-EFFECT-TRANSISTOR; MIXED-OXIDE CAPACITOR; NANOCRYSTALLINE
METAL-OXIDES; BINARY CARBONATE ELECTRODE; NANOPOROUS ALUMINA FILMS;
CHARGE-FLOW TRANSISTOR; ALPHA-FE2O3 THIN-FILMS; LOW NO2 CONCENTRATIONS;
NANO-SIZED POWDERS; SUB-PPM NO2
C1 [Hu, Ying; Tan, Ooi Kiang; Zhu, Weiguang] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sensors & Actuators Lab, Microelect Ctr, Sch EEE, Singapore, Singapore.
[Cao, Wenqing] Los Alamos Natl Lab, C ACS, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Hu, Y (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sensors & Actuators Lab, Microelect Ctr, Sch EEE, Nanyang Ave, Singapore, Singapore.
NR 277
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-8493-3366-8
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 42
DI 10.1201/9781420005042-c1
D2 10.1201/9781420005042-f
PG 42
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote
Sensing
GA BTA87
UT WOS:000286312500002
ER
PT J
AU Brown, MA
Tkac, P
Paulenova, A
Vandegrift, GF
AF Brown, M. Alex
Tkac, Peter
Paulenova, Alena
Vandegrift, George F.
TI Influence of Temperature on the Extraction of Pu(IV) by Tri-n-butyl
Phosphate from Acidic Nitrate Solutions
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE plutonium; TBP; nitrate; solvent extraction; Van't Hoff; PUREX
ID CHLORIDE COMPLEXES; NITRIC-ACID; PLUTONIUM(IV); STABILITY
AB The influence of temperature on the extraction of Pu(IV) into 30 vol.% tri-n-butyl phosphate in n-dodecane from acidic nitrate solutions has been investigated at temperatures ranging from T=(294 to 313) K. Temperature was found to decrease the distribution of Pu(IV). Three species of plutonium were considered present in the aqueous solution: Pu4+, [image omitted], and [image omitted]. The enthalpy and entropy of the extraction, calculated using Van't Hoff plots, are -60.4 +/- 3.34kJ center dot mol-1 and -120 +/- 10.6J center dot mol-1 center dot K-1, respectively.
C1 [Paulenova, Alena] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Radiat, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiat Hlth Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Vandegrift, George F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Paulenova, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Ctr Radiat, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiat Hlth Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM alena.paulenova@oregonstate.edu
RI Tkac, Peter/A-5680-2012
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEPAR SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 50
EP 57
AR PII 918409655
DI 10.1080/01496390903402133
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 553EE
UT WOS:000274348000007
ER
PT J
AU Elvington, MC
Click, DR
Hobbs, DT
AF Elvington, Mark C.
Click, Damon R.
Hobbs, David T.
TI Sorption Behavior of Monosodium Titanate and Amorphous Peroxotitanate
Materials Under Weakly Acidic Conditions
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cadmium; chromium; decontamination factor; ion exchange; metals; surface
charge
ID HEAVY-METAL IONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SODIUM TITANATE; EFFICIENT REMOVAL;
RADIOTRACER TECHNIQUE; ACTINIDE SEPARATIONS; ADSORPTION; STRONTIUM;
EXCHANGE; NANOPARTICLES
AB Inorganic, titanate-based sorbents are tested with respect to adsorption of a variety of sorbates under weakly acidic conditions (pH 3). Specifically, monosodium titanate (MST) and amorphous peroxotitanate (APT) sorption characteristics are initially probed through a screening process consisting of a pair of mixed metal solutions containing a total of 29 sorbates including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, metalloids and nonmetals. MST and APT sorption characteristics are further analyzed individually with chromium(III) and cadmium(II) using a batch method at ambient laboratory temperature, varying concentrations of the sorbents and sorbates and contact times. Maximum sorbate loadings are obtained from the respective adsorption isotherms.
C1 [Hobbs, David T.] Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Hobbs, DT (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM david.hobbs@srnl.doe.gov
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470]
FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy through the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program at the Savannah River National
Laboratory (SRNL). SRNL is operated by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions
for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC09-08SR22470.
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEPAR SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 66
EP 72
AR PII 918410534
DI 10.1080/01496390903401820
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 553EE
UT WOS:000274348000009
ER
PT J
AU Shkrob, IA
Kaminski, MD
Rahimian, K
Derzon, MS
AF Shkrob, Ilya A.
Kaminski, Michael D.
Rahimian, Kamyar
Derzon, Mark S.
TI Magnetic Extraction, Detection, and Isotope Analysis of Metal Ions Using
Surface Modified Microspheres for Lab-on-a-Chip Applications
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic separations; ion-exchange chromatography; microfluidics;
fluorometry; isotope analysis; antenna effect
ID TRIOCTYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE; CMPO LIGANDS; WIDE RIM; SEPARATION; ACTINIDES;
LANTHANIDES; PARTICLES; EUROPIUM; THENOYLTRIFLUOROACETONE;
MICROPARTICLES
AB Liquid-liquid extraction and ion-exchange chromatography are efficient methods for sequestration of metal ions, but these methods are poorly suitable for microfluidic miniaturization. Here we examine several methods for rapid extraction, fluorometric detection, and the subsequent isotope analysis of lanthanide ions sequestered on surface modified magnetic microspheres as a versatile platform for chemical manipulation. The assays involve immobilization of a mixed-ligand complex of luminescent lanthanide ions at the surface of polystyrene microspheres. Using the ion-exchange properties of these microspheres, this scheme can be extended to the detection of nonluminescent ions.
C1 [Shkrob, Ilya A.; Kaminski, Michael D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rahimian, Kamyar] Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Derzon, Mark S.] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Shkrob, IA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM shkrob@anl.gov; kaminski@anl.gov
OI zaraat, javad/0000-0001-5341-7481
FU Office of Science, Division of Chemical Science, US-DOE
[DE-AC-02-06CH11357]; DTRA DOD [08-43151]
FX IAS and MDK thank P. Rickert and C. J. Mertz for their assistance and M.
Jensen, R. Chiarizia, M. L. Dietz, L. Soderholm, and F. Stevens for many
useful discussions. KR thanks S. P. Meserole, J. E. Reich, and A. Allen
for their assistance. Work at Argonne was performed under the auspices
of the Office of Science, Division of Chemical Science, US-DOE under
contract No. DE-AC-02-06CH11357 and DTRA DOD contract 08-43151.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEPAR SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 2
BP 186
EP 197
DI 10.1080/01496390903423733
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 553EF
UT WOS:000274348100006
ER
PT J
AU Samuels, WD
LaFemina, NH
Sukwarotwat, V
Yantasee, W
Li, XHS
Fryxell, GE
AF Samuels, William D.
LaFemina, Nikki H.
Sukwarotwat, Vichaya
Yantasee, Wassana
Li, Xiaohong S.
Fryxell, Glen E.
TI Chloromethylated Activated Carbon: A Useful New Synthon for Making a
Novel Class of Sorbents for Heavy Metal Separations
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE activated carbon; chemically modified; chloromethylation; thiol;
nanoporous; sorbent; mercury; heavy metal
ID MESOPOROUS SUPPORTS SAMMS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; FUNCTIONALIZED
MONOLAYERS; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MERCURY; REMOVAL;
AMINE; ACID
AB The chloromethylation of activated carbon is described. Chloromethylation was found to produce a carbon derivative with a surface area of 1310 m(2)/g and no significant change in the pore structure. The product was found to contain similar to 1.5 mmole of -CH(2)Cl groups per g of material, similar to the functional density reported in the original Merrifield resin synthesis. Displacement of the benzylic chloride was achieved by treating this material with an excess of sodium thiosulfate in refluxing aqueous methanol. The resulting Bunte salt was then hydrolyzed by treatment with warm 3M HCl to afford the corresponding thiol ("AC-CH(2)-SH'') cleanly and in high yield. AC-CH(2)-SH was found to be an effective heavy metal sorbent, efficiently capturing Hg, Pb, Ag, and Cu. Sorption kinetics were rapid, with equilibrium achieved in less than 30 minutes.
C1 [Samuels, William D.; LaFemina, Nikki H.; Sukwarotwat, Vichaya; Yantasee, Wassana; Li, Xiaohong S.; Fryxell, Glen E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Fryxell, GE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM glen.fryxell@pnl.gov
FU US-DOE [DE AC06-76RLO 1830]; National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences (NIEHS) [1R21ES015620-01A1]
FX This work was performed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratories,
which is operated for the US-DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under
contract DE AC06-76RLO 1830. This research was supported by the
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program, and the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), grant#
1R21ES015620-01A1.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEPAR SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 2
BP 228
EP 235
DI 10.1080/01496390903423550
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 553EF
UT WOS:000274348100011
PM 23390326
ER
PT J
AU Meikrantz, DH
Garn, TG
Law, JD
AF Meikrantz, D. H.
Garn, T. G.
Law, J. D.
TI Thirty Stage Annular Centrifugal Contactor Thermal Profile Measurements
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE centrifugal contactor; CINC V-02; pilot plant; solvent extraction
equipment; temperature profile
ID SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; SCALE
AB A thirty stage 5cm annular centrifugal contactor cascade was assembled and tested to obtain thermal profiles during both ambient and heated input conditions of operation. Thermocouples were installed on every stage as well as feed inputs, and real-time data was taken during experiments lasting from two to eight hours at total flow rates of 0.5 to 1.4 liters per minute. Ambient temperature profile results show that only a small amount of heat is generated by the mechanical energy of the contactors. Steady state temperature profiles mimic the ambient temperature of the lab but are higher toward the middle of the cascade. Heated inlet solutions gave temperature profiles with smaller temperature gradients, more driven by the temperature of the inlet solutions than ambient lab temperature. Temperature effects of solution mixing, even at rotor speeds of 4000rpm, were not measurable.
C1 [Meikrantz, D. H.; Garn, T. G.; Law, J. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Meikrantz, DH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM david.meikrantz@inl.gov
OI Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 3
BP 310
EP 321
AR PII 919248339
DI 10.1080/01496390903484792
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 597AH
UT WOS:000277727100002
ER
PT J
AU Bockenfeld, D
Chen, HT
Kaminski, MD
Rosengart, AJ
Rempfer, D
AF Bockenfeld, Danny
Chen, Haitao
Kaminski, Michael D.
Rosengart, Axel J.
Rempfer, Dietmar
TI A Parametric Study of a Portable Magnetic Separator for Separation of
Nanospheres from Circulatory System
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE blood filter; magnetic carriers; magnetic filter; magnetic modeling;
magnetic separation; magnetic separator; targeted drug therapy
ID NANOPARTICLES
AB A portable magnetic separator was proposed for in-vivo biomedical applications. In this prototype design, a matrix of alternating, parallel magnetizable wires, and biocompatible tubing is immersed into an externally applied magnetic field. The wires are magnetized and high magnetic fields as well as field gradients are created to trap blood-borne flowing magnetic nanospheres in the tube. In this paper, a parametric investigation was carried out to evaluate the capture efficiency of flowing magnetic nanospheres by a separator unit consisting of single tubing and four wires. The parameters include: mean blood velocity (1 to 20cm/s); magnetic field strength (0.1 to 2.0T); sphere size (500nm to 1000nm in radii); sphere magnetic material (iron, two types of magnetite) and magnetite content in the spheres (0.05 to 0.8 by weight); wire material (nickel, stainless steel 430, and Wairauite); wire length (2.0 to 20cm); wire size (0.125 to 1.0mm in radii); tubing size at a fixed ratio of tubing to wire diameter of unity. The results show that capture efficiencies of the spheres of well over 90% were achievable under reasonable human physiological conditions, provided that the mean blood velocities were below about 5.0cm/s. The results also show that the magnetic separator performance could be improved by maximizing the applied magnetic field strength up to about 1.0T and by reducing the size of the unit with tubing and wires of equal radii. The results help further optimize a prototype magnetic separator suitable for rapid sequestration of magnetic nanospheres from the human blood stream while accommodating necessary clinical boundary conditions.
C1 [Bockenfeld, Danny; Rempfer, Dietmar] IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Chen, Haitao] Maroon Biotech Corp, Chicago, IL USA.
[Kaminski, Michael D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rosengart, Axel J.] Cornell Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Neurol & Neurosci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Rempfer, D (reprint author), IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, 10 W 32nd St,243 Engn 1 Bldg, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
FU University of Chicago; University of Chicago Brain Research; Cancer
Research Foundations, Chicago; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
Illinois Institute of Technology
FX This work was supported by the University of Chicago, and The University
of Chicago Brain Research and the Cancer Research Foundations, Chicago,
the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, and an ERIF
Grant by Illinois Institute of Technology.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 3
BP 355
EP 363
AR PII 919247854
DI 10.1080/01496390903485013
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 597AH
UT WOS:000277727100007
ER
PT J
AU Powell, BA
Rao, LF
Nash, KL
AF Powell, Brian A.
Rao, Linfeng
Nash, Kenneth L.
TI Effect of 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic Acid (HEDPA) on Partitioning
of Np and Pu to Synthetic Boehmite
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 1-hydroxyethane-1; 1-diphosphonic acid; alumina; boehmite; HEDPA;
neptunium; nuclear waste; plutonium
ID NEPTUNIUM(V) SORPTION; SURFACE INTERACTIONS; CHELATING-AGENTS;
ADSORPTION; COMPLEXATION; PLUTONIUM; GOETHITE; ACTINIDES; INTERFACE;
HEMATITE
AB The effect of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDPA) on the sorption of Np(V) and Pu(V) to synthetic boehmite (-AlOOH) was examined as a function of time and pH (between 4 to 11). The sorption of both elements in boehmite suspensions (1M NaCl, 600mgL-1 boehmite) increased with increasing pH. The sorption edges for neptunium and plutonium occurred at approximately pH 8.0 and 6.6, respectively. After steady state partitioning was reached, HEDPA was added to the neptunium-boehmite and plutonium-boehmite suspensions. Neptunium and plutonium partitioning appears to be primarily affected by the formation of soluble Np:HEDPA and Pu:HEDPA complexes, the dissolution of boehmite promoted by HEDPA, and the precipitation of Np:HEDPA and Pu:HEDPA colloids. The results are discussed in terms of applicability of HEDPA-promoted dissolution as a waste reduction method in the treatment of sludge phases contained within high-level nuclear waste storage tanks.
C1 [Powell, Brian A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA.
[Rao, Linfeng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nash, Kenneth L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Powell, BA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA.
EM bpowell@clemson.edu
RI Powell, Brian /C-7640-2011
OI Powell, Brian /0000-0003-0423-0180
FU Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office
of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences and Office of Biological and Environmental
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The
authors also acknowledge the helpful comments provided during the review
of this manuscript.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 6
BP 721
EP 731
AR PII 920112546
DI 10.1080/01496391003608397
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 597AO
UT WOS:000277727800001
ER
PT J
AU DePaoli, D
Nash, K
Delmau, L
Dietz, M
Fink, S
Peterson, E
Todd, T
Watson, J
Yiacoumi, S
Aaron, D
Antonio, M
Bhave, R
Ensor, D
Felker, K
Guibal, E
Johnson, J
Tsouris, C
AF DePaoli, David
Nash, Kenneth
Delmau, Laetitia
Dietz, Mark
Fink, Samuel
Peterson, Eric
Todd, Terry
Watson, Jack
Yiacoumi, Sotira
Aaron, Doug
Antonio, Mark
Bhave, Ramesh
Ensor, Dale
Felker, Kevin
Guibal, Eric
Johnson, Jared
Tsouris, Costas
TI The Sixteenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications Foreword
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [DePaoli, David; Nash, Kenneth] Washington State Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Delmau, Laetitia; Dietz, Mark] Univ Wisconsin, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Fink, Samuel] Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA.
[Peterson, Eric; Todd, Terry] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Yiacoumi, Sotira; Aaron, Doug] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Antonio, Mark] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Ensor, Dale] Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Guibal, Eric] Ecole Mines Ales, Ales, France.
RP DePaoli, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RI Guibal, Eric/B-1045-2008; Guibal, Eric/H-4915-2012; Tsouris,
Costas/C-2544-2016
OI Guibal, Eric/0000-0002-2767-6305; Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1667
EP 1667
AR PII 926438502
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.494656
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900001
ER
PT J
AU Chiarizia, R
Stepinski, D
Antonio, MR
AF Chiarizia, R.
Stepinski, D.
Antonio, M. R.
TI SANS Study of HCl Extraction by Selected Neutral Organophosphorus
Compounds in n-Octane
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Baxter model; distribution isotherm; liquid-liquid extraction; reverse
micelle; small-angle neutron scattering; third-phase formation
ID 3RD PHASE-FORMATION; 3RD-PHASE FORMATION; SURFACE-ADHESION; DODECANE
SYSTEM; INORGANIC ACIDS; BAXTER MODEL; HARD-SPHERES; TBP; SCATTERING;
3RD-PHASE-FORMATION
AB The extraction of HCl by tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), tri-n-octyl phosphate (TOP), and tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in n-octane was investigated by liquid-liquid distribution of acid and water and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements. No formation of a heavy organic phase (third phase) was observed with TEHP and TOP under the experimental conditions used, whereas for 0.4M TOPO the HCl limiting organic concentration (LOC) at 23 degrees C was 0.32M (with 5.1M HCl in the equilibrium aqueous phase). For higher HCl concentrations in the aqueous phase, the organic phase splits into a light and a heavy layer. For TEHP and TOP, the SANS results, interpreted using the Baxter model for hard spheres with surface adhesion, indicated the formation of only small reverse micelles with little intermicellar attraction. For TOPO, the scattering signals suggested the formation of much larger and strongly interacting micelles. The critical values of the stickiness parameter, -1, and the interaction potential energy, U(r), for the LOC sample in the TOPO system were consistent with the model for third-phase formation previously developed for tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP). According to this model, organic phase splitting is due to van der Waals interactions between the polar cores of reverse micelles formed by the extractants in the organic phase.
C1 [Chiarizia, R.; Stepinski, D.; Antonio, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chiarizia, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM chiarizia@anl.gov
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1668
EP 1678
AR PII 926439697
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493828
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900002
ER
PT J
AU Luo, HM
Huang, JF
Dai, S
AF Luo, Huimin
Huang, Jing-Fang
Dai, Sheng
TI Solvent Extraction of Sr2+ and Cs+ using Protic Amide-Based Ionic
Liquids
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Ionic liquids; protic amide-based ionic liquids; solvent extraction
ID CROWN-ETHERS; METAL-IONS; GREENNESS; EXCHANGE; CESIUM
AB Sixteen protic amide-based ionic liquids (ILs) derived from N,N-dimethylformamide and other protophilic amide derivatives with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide or bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide as conjugated anions were synthesized in a one-pot reaction with very high yields. All sixteen of these protic ionic liquids (PILs) were characterized by NMR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. These protic amide-based ionic liquids were tested as extraction solvents using dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) as an extractant for separation of Sr2+ and Cs+ from aqueous solutions. The extraction efficiencies were studied in comparison with those derived from both imidazolium-based and ammonium-based IL extraction systems. Excellent extraction efficiencies were found for a number of these ILs using DCH18C6 as an extractant. Unlike findings for imidazolium-based and ammonium-based ILs, the observed enhancement trend for the extraction efficiency associated with our amide-based ILs is not directly correlated with the enhanced hydrophilicity of the corresponding cations of the PIL system. The effects on extraction efficiencies of solution acidities, anions, and alkyl chain lengths in the cations of ILs were also investigated and reported.
C1 [Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Huang, Jing-Fang; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM luoh@ornl.gov
RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015
OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1679
EP 1688
AR PII 926439231
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493798
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900003
ER
PT J
AU Antonio, MR
Chiarizia, R
Jaffrennou, F
AF Antonio, Mark R.
Chiarizia, Renato
Jaffrennou, Fanny
TI Third-Phase Formation in the Extraction of Phosphotungstic Acid by TBP
in n-Octane
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Baxter model; heteropolyacid; Keggin ion; liquid-liquid extraction;
polyoxometalate; small-angle neutron scattering
ID 3RD PHASE-FORMATION; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; STICKY SPHERES MODEL;
HETEROPOLY ACIDS; 12-HETEROPOLY ACIDS; SURFACE-ADHESION; BUTYL
PHOSPHATE; DODECANE SYSTEM; INORGANIC ACIDS; HARD-SPHERES
AB The solvent extraction of 12-phosphotungstic acid, also known as 12-tungstophosphoric acidH3PW12O40, the so-called Keggin heteropolyacidby 0.73M (20%v/v) tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in n-octane under conditions comparable to those used previously for the extraction of conventional inorganic mineral acids is described. A simplified phase diagram for the pentanary system comprised of H3PW12O40, HNO3, H2O, TBP, and n-octane reveals an extremely low initial concentration of H3PW12O40 (1.1mM) at the LOC (limiting organic concentration) condition, far lower than the most effective third-phase-forming inorganic acid, namely HClO4. The results from small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) indicate that the interparticle attraction energyU(r) calculated through application of the Baxter sticky sphere model to the SANS data at the LOC conditiondoes not approach the -2 kBT value associated with phase splitting in previous studies of TBP third-phase formation. The third-phase formation model based on attractive interactions between polar cores of reverse micelles, successfully developed for TBP and other extraction systems does not apply to the extraction of H3PW12O40. Rather, the separation of a third-phase from the TBP organic phase stems from the limited solubility of the heavy and highly polar H3PW12O40-TBP species in the alkane diluent.
C1 [Antonio, Mark R.; Chiarizia, Renato; Jaffrennou, Fanny] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Antonio, MR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM mantonio@anl.gov
OI Antonio, Mark/0000-0002-1208-4534
NR 55
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1689
EP 1698
AR PII 926440202
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493793
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900004
ER
PT J
AU Precek, M
Paulenova, A
Tkac, P
Knapp, N
AF Precek, Martin
Paulenova, Alena
Tkac, Peter
Knapp, Nathan
TI Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Oxidation State of Neptunium in
Nitric Acid in the Presence of Selected Scavengers
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE acetamide; irradiation; methylurea; neptunium; nitrous acid
ID TBP EXTRACTION SYSTEM; CATALYZED OXIDATION; EQUILIBRIUM; NP(IV); VI
AB A series of experiments was performed with selected reagents that were added to inhibit the reduction of Np(VI) to Np(V) during irradiation of its solutions in HNO3. Acetamide and methylurea as nitrous acid scavengers, and vanadium(V) as a neptunium(V) oxidizer, were examined in this effort. Solutions of these reagents in 4M HNO3 were irradiated in a Co-60 gamma irradiator. Additions of 1-10mM of methylurea and vanadium(V) essentially had no effect on the final oxidation state of Np after irradiation with a dose of 60kGy, while the addition of higher concentrations of methylurea (50 and 100mM) led to an almost complete reduction of Np to the tetravalent oxidation state.
C1 [Precek, Martin] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Paulenova, Alena] Oregon State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiat Hlth Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Tkac, Peter] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Knapp, Nathan] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Precek, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM precekm@lifetime.oregonstate.edu
RI Tkac, Peter/A-5680-2012; Precek, Martin/G-5648-2014
OI Precek, Martin/0000-0002-5790-5543
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1699
EP 1705
AR PII 926439972
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493833
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900005
ER
PT J
AU Lapka, JL
Paulenova, A
Herbst, RS
Law, JD
AF Lapka, J. L.
Paulenova, A.
Herbst, R. Scott
Law, J. D.
TI The Radiolytic and Thermal Stability of Diamides of Dipicolinic Acid
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE diamides; dipicolinic acid; extraction; radiolysis; UNEX
ID EXTRACTION; ACTINIDES; U(VI)
AB The thermal and radiolytical stabilities of three isomers of N,N'-diethyl-N,N'-ditolyl-dipicolinamide (EtTDPA) were investigated. Radiolysis was performed at doses up to 125kGy and thermogravimetric analysis was performed at temperatures of up to 450 degrees C. Infrared data showed increasing amounts of aromatic nitration by nitric acid correlating to larger doses. However, gamma ray doses of up to 125kGy did not cause any significant effects in separation performance with the studied extraction mixtures containing americium or europium within the studied range. The highest separation factor between americium and europium was seen using the meta isomer with an average value of 4.1 across all doses applied in this work.
C1 [Lapka, J. L.; Paulenova, A.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Paulenova, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 100 Radiat Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM Alena.Paulenova@oregonstate.edu
OI Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1706
EP 1710
AR PII 926438989
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493830
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900006
ER
PT J
AU Peterman, DR
Greenhalgh, MR
Tillotson, RD
Klaehn, JR
Harrup, MK
Luther, TA
Law, JD
AF Peterman, D. R.
Greenhalgh, M. R.
Tillotson, R. D.
Klaehn, J. R.
Harrup, M. K.
Luther, T. A.
Law, J. D.
TI Selective Extraction of Minor Actinides from Acidic Media Using
Symmetric and Asymmetric Dithiophosphinic Acids
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE dithiophosphinic acid; separation; trivalent actinide; trivalent
lanthanide
ID LANTHANIDE CATIONS; TRIVALENT ACTINIDE; SEPARATION; COMPLEXES
AB The minor actinides (Am and Cm) and other transplutonium elements represent significant, long-term hazards found in spent nuclear fuel. The selective extraction of the minor actinides from the lanthanides is an important part of advanced reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. This separation would allow the minor actinides to be fabricated into a target and recycled to a reactor and the lanthanides to be disposed. Due to the similarities in the chemical properties of the trivalent actinides and lanthanides, this separation is difficult to accomplish. The introduction of soft donor groups, such as N or S, into similarly structured ligands increases the differentiation between An(III) and Ln(III) cation coordination. Partly because of limitations imposed by synthetic methodologies, previous studies of dithiophosphinic acid (DPAH) extractants has been restricted to a comparatively small number of symmetrical dialkyl and diaryl derivatives. Research efforts at the Idaho National Laboratory have resulted in the recent development of an innovative synthetic pathway yielding new regiospecific DPAH extractants. The synthesis improves DPAH designs that can address the issues concerning minor actinide separation efficiency and extractant stability. Several new symmetric and asymmetric DPAH extractants have been prepared. The use of these extractants for the separation of minor actinides from lanthanides will be discussed. In addition, the variation in the extent of Am(III) extraction by a related series of DPAH isomers will be presented.
C1 [Peterman, D. R.; Greenhalgh, M. R.; Tillotson, R. D.; Klaehn, J. R.; Harrup, M. K.; Luther, T. A.; Law, J. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Peterman, DR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Dean.Peterman@inl.gov
RI Klaehn, John/C-6011-2017;
OI Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509; Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542
NR 22
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 28
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1711
EP 1717
AR PII 926438820
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493787
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900007
ER
PT J
AU Tian, GX
Rao, LF
AF Tian, Guoxin
Rao, Linfeng
TI Effect of Temperature on the Protonation of the TALSPEAK Ligands: Lactic
and Diethylenetrinitropentaacetic Acids
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Diethylenetrinitropentaacetic acid; lactic acid; protonation;
temperature effect
ID HYDROLYSIS; EXTRACTION
AB The protonation reactions of two ligands that play important roles in the TALSPEAK process for the separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides, lactic acid, and diethylenetrinitropentaacetic acid (DTPA), have been studied at variable temperatures. The protonation constants at 10-70 degrees C were determined by titration potentiometry and the protonation enthalpies were determined at 25 degrees C by titration microcalorimetry. The protonation constants remain essentially unchanged (25-70 degrees C) within the experimental uncertainties, indicating that the effect of temperature on the protonation of lactate is insignificant. In contrast, the protonation constants of DTPA (logH's) generally decrease as the temperature is increased. Results from this study indicate that the effect of temperature on the protonation of DTPA could alter the speciation of metal ions (actinides and lanthanides) in the TALSPEAK system, since lower values of logH at higher temperatures suggest that the hydrogen ions would compete less strongly with the metal ions for the complexation of DTPA at higher temperatures.
C1 [Tian, Guoxin; Rao, Linfeng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenm T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Rao, LF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenm T Seaborg Ctr, MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lrao@161.gov
NR 12
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1718
EP 1724
AR PII 926438506
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.494712
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900008
ER
PT J
AU Matteson, BS
Tkac, P
Paulenova, A
AF Matteson, Brent S.
Tkac, Peter
Paulenova, Alena
TI Complexation Chemistry of Zirconium(IV), Uranium(VI), and Iron(III) with
Acetohydroxamic Acid
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE arsenazo III; complexation; hydroxamic acid; iron; SQUAD; uranium;
zirconium
ID SIMPLE HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; PLUTONIUM(IV) IONS; EXTRACTION; HYDROLYSIS;
BEHAVIOR; EQUILIBRIA; SPECIATION; PHOSPHATE; SYSTEM
AB The complexation of zirconium(IV), uranium(VI), and iron(III) with acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) has been analyzed spectrophotometrically in various ionic strengths at 25 degrees C. Arsenazo III (AAIII) was used as an indicator for unbound zirconium. The SQUAD computational program was employed to evaluate the stability constants. Conditional stability constants of four zirconium complexes Zr(AAIII)3+, [image omitted], Zr(AHA)3+, and [image omitted] were determined in 1mol center dot L-1 HClO4 as log '=5.09, 10.29, 12.78, and 23.13, respectively. Conditional stability constants of UO2(AHA)+, Fe(AHA)2+, [image omitted], and Fe(AHA)3, in 0.1mol center dot L-1 HNO3 were calculated as [image omitted]=8.32, 11.00, 20.93, and 28.75, respectively.
C1 [Paulenova, Alena] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Radiat, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiat Hlth Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Matteson, Brent S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Tkac, Peter] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Paulenova, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Ctr Radiat, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiat Hlth Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM alena.paulenova@oregonstate.edu
RI Tkac, Peter/A-5680-2012
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1733
EP 1742
AR PII 926439041
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493829
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900010
ER
PT J
AU Shehee, T
Martin, LR
Zalupski, PR
Nash, KL
AF Shehee, Thomas
Martin, Leigh R.
Zalupski, Peter R.
Nash, Kenneth L.
TI Redox-Based Separation of Americium from Lanthanides in Sulfate Media
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE americium; lanthanides; persulfate; solid-liquid separation
ID PHOSPHORIC ACID-SOLUTIONS; 20-DEGREES-C; SOLUBILITY; OXIDATION; SODIUM;
ION
AB In the development of advanced nuclear fuel cycles, a primary motivation is the reduction of the long-term radiotoxicity of the wastes. From a few decades to several thousand years after removal of the fuel from the reactor, americium (Am) dominates the radiotoxicity of used fuel, thus its transmutation represents an attractive option for improved management of the residues. However, every viable scenario for transmutation of Am demands some degree of separation of Am from fission product lanthanides. Partitioning of Am from curium further simplifies the transmutation process. The mutual separation of these elements is very challenging due to their similar chemistry. The focus of this work is on the utilization of the upper oxidation states of americium (Am(V/VI)) to facilitate a more efficient separation of Am from fission product lanthanides and curium. A minimum 90% efficient separation of americium from the lanthanides and curium has been achieved in the laboratory by selectively oxidizing trivalent Am to the hexavalent state using Na2S2O8. At equilibrium, lanthanides are precipitated as sodium lanthanide sulfate double salts, while oxidized Am species remain predominantly in the supernatant phase. Trivalent curium is readily coprecipitated with the NaLn(SO4)2 solid. Parallel studies of oxidized uranium, neptunium, and plutonium solutions support the conclusion that Am(VI) has sufficient stability to allow the separation to be completed in a reasonable time frame. A particular advantage of this approach is the absence of readily oxidized species that can quickly reverse the oxidation of Am and thus negate the separation. A variety of chemical and physical characterization techniques have been applied to profile the performance of the system.
C1 [Shehee, Thomas; Nash, Kenneth L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Martin, Leigh R.; Zalupski, Peter R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Nash, KL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM knash@wsu.edu
RI Shehee, Thomas/D-3876-2011;
OI Martin, Leigh/0000-0001-7241-7110
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1743
EP 1752
AR PII 926439450
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493814
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900011
ER
PT J
AU Law, JD
Garn, TG
Meikrantz, DH
Warburton, J
AF Law, Jack D.
Garn, Troy G.
Meikrantz, David H.
Warburton, Jamie
TI Pilot-Scale TRUEX Flowsheet Testing for Separation of Actinides and
Lanthanides from used Nuclear Fuel
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE actinide extraction; centrifugal contactor; lanthanide extraction; TRUEX
AB Testing of a TRUEX flowsheet has been performed using a thirty-stage, 5-cm centrifugal contactor pilot plant. This testing was performed using a non-radioactive feed surrogate and data were collected and analyzed to evaluate removal efficiencies of the lanthanides, mass transfer efficiency of the lanthanides in the extraction and strip sections of the flowsheet, and the temperature profile of the process solutions throughout the centrifugal contactor pilot plant. Results indicate 99.9% separation for all lanthanides and mass transfer efficiencies typically ranging from 85% to 100%. Energy input into the process under flowsheet conditions resulted in only a moderate temperature rise and did not appear to have a large effect on separations performance. The general process performance is also described.
C1 [Law, Jack D.; Garn, Troy G.; Meikrantz, David H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Warburton, Jamie] Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Law, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM jack.law@inl.gov
OI Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542
NR 6
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1769
EP 1775
AR PII 926440354
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493832
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900014
ER
PT J
AU Delashmitt, JS
Canaan, RD
Denton, DL
Giaquinto, JM
Smith, RR
Sutherland, JE
Woody, BK
AF Delashmitt, J. S.
Canaan, R. D.
Denton, D. L.
Giaquinto, J. M.
Smith, R. R.
Sutherland, J. E.
Woody, B. K.
TI The Transuranium Analytical Laboratory's Support for Production of
Transcurium Isotopes during Campaign 74 at the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Berkelium; Bk-249; Californium; Cf-252; extraction chromotography;
formic; thiocynate; TEVA; TTA
ID EXTRACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRECONCENTRATION; SEPARATION; ACTINIDES;
RESIN
AB The Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory is the production, storage, and distribution center for the heavy-element research program of the U.S. Department of Energy. The REDC and the neighboring High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) were built to produce quantities of transuranium elements for use in national and international research programs and since 1966 has been the main center of production for transcurium elements in the United States. In 2009, REDC successfully completed Campaign 74, its latest Bk-249/Cf-252 production campaign. The Transuranium Analytical Laboratory (TAL), located within REDC, provides the needed chemical and radiochemical analyses on a wide variety of nuclear matrixes in support of these production campaigns of transcurium isotopes. Titrations, dissolutions, separations, and dilutions of high activity samples are completed in hot-cells and glove-boxes in preparation for analytical radiochemistry determinations completed at the TAL in support of the REDC's mission. Within Campaign 74, the Transuranium Analytical Laboratory implemented a quick and reliable radiochemical method for the determination of Bk-249 that was used throughout the purification process at key hold points to ensure the delivery of a final purified product.
C1 [Delashmitt, J. S.; Canaan, R. D.; Denton, D. L.; Giaquinto, J. M.; Smith, R. R.; Sutherland, J. E.; Woody, B. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Delashmitt, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008,Bldg 7920,MS 6384, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM delashmittjs@ornl.gov
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1776
EP 1781
AR PII 926438766
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.494713
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900015
ER
PT J
AU Rudisill, TS
Hobbs, DT
Edwards, TB
AF Rudisill, Tracy S.
Hobbs, David T.
Edwards, Thomas B.
TI Plutonium Solubility in Simulated Savannah River Site Waste Solutions
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE alkaline high level waste salt solution; plutonium; Savannah River Site;
solubility
AB To address the accelerated disposition of the supernate and salt portions of Savannah River Site (SRS) high level waste (HLW), solubility experiments were performed to develop a predictive capability for plutonium (Pu) solubility. A statistically designed experiment was used to measure the solubility of Pu in simulated solutions with salt concentrations and temperatures which bounded those observed in SRS HLW solutions. Constituents of the simulated waste solutions included: hydroxide (OH-), aluminate [image omitted], sulfate [image omitted], carbonate [image omitted], nitrate [image omitted], and nitrite [image omitted] anions. Each anion was added to the waste solution in the sodium form. The solubilities were measured at 25 and 80 degrees C. Five sets of samples were analyzed over a six month period and a partial sample set was analyzed after nominally fifteen months of equilibration. No discernable time dependence of the measured Pu concentrations was observed except for two salt solutions equilibrated at 80 degrees C which contained OH- concentrations 5mol/L. In these solutions, the Pu solubility increased with time. This observation was attributed to the air oxidation of a portion of the Pu from Pu(IV) to the more soluble Pu(V) or Pu(VI) valence states. A data driven approach was subsequently used to develop a modified response surface model for Pu solubility. Solubility data from this study and historical data from the literature were used to fit the model. The model predicted the Pu solubility of the solutions from this study within the 95% confidence interval for individual predictions and the analysis of variance indicated no statistically significant lack of fit. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) model was compared with predicted values from the Aqueous Electrolyte (AQ) model developed by OLI Systems, Inc. and a solubility prediction equation developed by Delegard and Gallagher for Hanford tank waste. The agreement between measured or values predicted by the SRNL model and values predicted by the OLI AG model was very poor. The much higher predicted concentrations by the OLI AQ model appears to be the result of the model predicting the predominate Pu oxidation state is Pu(V) which is reported as unstable below sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations of 6M. There was very good agreement between the predicted Pu concentrations using the SRNL model and the model developed by Delegard and Gallagher with the exception of solutions that had very high OH- (15M) concentrations. The lower Pu solubilities in these solutions were attributed to the presence of [image omitted] and [image omitted] which limit the oxidation of Pu(IV) to Pu(V).
C1 [Rudisill, Tracy S.; Hobbs, David T.; Edwards, Thomas B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Rudisill, TS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM tracy.rudisill@srnl.doe.gov
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1782
EP 1792
AR PII 926439385
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.494090
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900016
ER
PT J
AU King, WD
Edwards, TB
Hobbs, DT
Wilmarth, WR
AF King, William D.
Edwards, Tommy B.
Hobbs, David T.
Wilmarth, William R.
TI Solubility of Uranium and Plutonium in Alkaline Savannah River Site High
Level Waste Solutions
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE actinide; clarkeite; precipitation; x-ray diffraction
ID URANYL CARBONATE SYSTEMS; STABILITY CONSTANT; EQUILIBRIA; UO2(CO3)34;
COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY
AB Five actual Savannah River Site tank waste samples and three chemically-modified samples were tested to determine solubility limits for uranium and plutonium over a one year time period. Observed final uranium concentrations ranged from 7mgU/L to 4.5gU/L. Final plutonium concentrations ranged from 4 mu gPu/L to 12mgPu/L. Actinide carbonate complexation is believed to result in the dramatic solubility increases observed for one sample over long time periods. Clarkeite, NaUO2(O)OH center dot H2O, was found to be the dominant uranium solid phase in equilibrium with the waste supernate in most cases.
C1 [King, William D.; Edwards, Tommy B.; Hobbs, David T.; Wilmarth, William R.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP King, WD (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
EM william02.king@srnl.doe.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1793
EP 1800
AR PII 926439124
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493820
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900017
ER
PT J
AU Peters, TB
Poirier, MR
Fink, SD
AF Peters, T. B.
Poirier, M. R.
Fink, S. D.
TI Processing Macrobatch 2 at the Savannah River Site Integrated Salt
Disposition Process (ISDP)
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE actinide; ARP; BOBCalixC6 (R); cesium; MCU; MST
AB The Savannah River Site (SRS) is currently removing liquid radioactive waste from the tanks in its Tank Farm. To treat waste streams that are high in 137Cs, 90Sr, and/or actinides, SRS developed the Actinide Removal Process (ARP) and the Modular Caustic Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) Unit. Collectively, these two processes make up the Integrated Salt Disposition Process (ISDP). The ARP part is responsible for the removal of strontium and actinides, while the MCU part is responsible for removing cesium. This paper discusses the qualification testing of the second batch of caustic waste that is being processed through ISDP currently. This paper also describes the tests conducted and compares results with current facility performance. The ARP contacts the salt solution with monosodium titanate (MST) to sorb strontium and select actinides. After MST contact, the resulting slurry is filtered to remove the MST (and sorbed strontium and actinides) and entrained sludge. The filtrate is transferred to the MCU for further treatment to remove cesium. The solid particulates removed by the filter are concentrated to 5wt%, washed to reduce the sodium concentration, and transferred to the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) for vitrification. The CSSX process extracts the cesium from the radioactive waste using a customized solvent to produce a Decontaminated Salt Solution (DSS), then strips and concentrates the cesium from the solvent with dilute nitric acid. The DSS is incorporated in grout while the strip acid solution is transferred to DWPF for vitrification. In order to predict waste behavior, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) personnel performed tests using actual radioactive samples of the second waste batch - Macrobatch 2 - for processing prior to the start of the operation. Testing included MST sorption to remove strontium and actinides followed by CSSX batch contact tests to verify expected cesium mass removal and concentration. This paper describes the tests conducted and compares results from MCU facility operations. The results include strontium, plutonium, and cesium removal, cesium concentration, and organic entrainment and recovery data. Our work indicates that the bench scale tests are a conservative predictor of actual waste performance.
C1 [Peters, T. B.; Poirier, M. R.; Fink, S. D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Peters, TB (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM thomas.peters@srnl.doe.gov
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1801
EP 1806
AR PII 926438733
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.494710
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900018
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, MK
Russell, RL
Shimskey, RW
Peterson, RA
AF Edwards, M. K.
Russell, R. L.
Shimskey, R. W.
Peterson, R. A.
TI Bench-Scale Testing of the Continuous Sludge Leaching Process
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE boehmite; filtration; high level waste; leaching
ID SODIUM-HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS; DISSOLUTION; GIBBSITE; BOEHMITE; RATES
AB Boehmite has proved to be a difficult aluminum phase to dissolve out of high-level waste (HLW), requiring longer residence times and higher temperatures than the gibbsite phase for more complete dissolution. To provide a simple, compact, effective, and proven method to remove aluminum from HLW sludges, HLW feed can be blended with caustic in a reaction vessel while continuously removing permeate from the reactor. This approach allows for a concurrent addition of fresh caustic and HLW feed while simultaneously removing concentrated reacted slurry. Separation in this manner will keep solids in the reactor for longer periods of time, allowing for higher conversions than could be achieved in a normal batch reactor. The advantages for this continuous sludge leaching process are the reduction of the number of high level waste canisters by one-third to one-half at the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant, resulting in billions of dollars in life-cycle cost savings. Bench-scale continuous reactor tests confirmed that the boehmite removal can be achieved to meet these canister reduction goals.
C1 [Edwards, M. K.; Russell, R. L.; Shimskey, R. W.; Peterson, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Edwards, MK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM matthew.edwards@pnl.gov
OI Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1807
EP 1813
AR PII 926439425
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493799
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900019
ER
PT J
AU Russell, R
Snow, L
Peterson, R
AF Russell, Renee
Snow, Lanee
Peterson, Reid
TI Methods to Avoid Post-Filtration Precipitation in Treatment of
High-Level Waste
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE Hanford; high-level waste; kinetics; post-filtration; precipitation;
simulant
AB The Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant, currently under construction for treating high level waste at the Hanford Site, will rely on ultrafiltration to provide solids/liquid separation as a core part of the treatment process. A series of bench-scale simulant tests have been performed to evaluate the potential for post-filtration precipitation. These tests focused on identifying precipitation from a range of potential feed compositions and providing the data required to evaluate mitigation options. This data is also important to the Savannah River Site as they are also attempting to dissolve saltcake from their tanks. Inadvertent solids formation after saltcake dissolution, either within a staging tank or in transfer piping can have serious repercussions on the eventual retrieval and transfer of the waste. A series of tests were performed using a variety of simulant samples. These tests identified the expected extent of supersaturation that develops under normal operations and identified and characterized the solids phases that are expected to form when the filtrate solutions are stored. In addition, tests identified the potential to mitigate the formation of these solids through both dilution and the application of increased temperature.
C1 [Russell, Renee; Snow, Lanee; Peterson, Reid] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Russell, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P7-22, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM renee.russell@pnl.gov
OI Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1814
EP 1821
AR PII 926439151
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493806
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900020
ER
PT J
AU Nash, CA
Isom, ST
AF Nash, C. A.
Isom, S. T.
TI Characterization of Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Cesium
Adsorption with Batch Contact Tests
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE cesium; ion exchange; resorcinol-formaldehyde; spherical resin
AB Batch contact tests provided data that will be useful in cesium isotherm modeling of spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde ion exchange resin. This resin is the baseline for cesium removal from alkaline high sodium nuclear waste at the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant and is being considered for other applications. Batch contact work at 25 degrees C found that increasing potassium concentration in alkaline solution simulating waste unexpectedly improves cesium adsorption when cesium concentration exceeds about 0.001M. At lower cesium levels potassium competes with cesium for adsorption on the resin as expected. Additional batch work found that dimethylamine cation competes strongly with sodium adsorption with no significant reduction in cesium adsorption.
C1 [Nash, C. A.; Isom, S. T.] Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Nash, CA (reprint author), Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM charles.nash@srnl.doe.gov
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1822
EP 1827
AR PII 926440072
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493796
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900021
ER
PT J
AU Duignan, MR
Nash, CA
AF Duignan, Mark R.
Nash, Charles A.
TI Removal of Cesium from Savannah River Site Waste with Spherical
Resorcinol Formaldehyde Ion Exchange Resin: Experimental Tests
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE batch tests; in-tank Cs separation; small column ion exchange
AB A principal goal at the Savannah River Site (SRS) is to safely dispose of the large volume of liquid nuclear waste held in many storage tanks. In-tank ion exchange (IX) columns are being considered for cesium removal. The spherical form of resorcinol formaldehyde ion exchange resin (sRF) is being evaluated for decontamination of dissolved saltcake waste at SRS, which is generally lower in potassium and organic components than the Hanford waste. The sRF performance with SRS waste was evaluated in two phases: resin batch contacts and IX column testing with both simulated and actual dissolved salt waste. The tests, equipment, and results are discussed.
C1 [Duignan, Mark R.; Nash, Charles A.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Duignan, MR (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
EM mark.duignan@srnl.doe.gov
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1828
EP 1840
AR PII 926439748
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493105
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900022
ER
PT J
AU White, TL
Crawford, CL
Burket, PR
Calloway, TB
AF White, T. L.
Crawford, C. L.
Burket, P. R.
Calloway, T. B.
TI Stability of Dow Corning Q2-3183A Antifoam Agent in Irradiated Hydroxide
Solution
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE antifoam; caustic; degradation study
AB Researchers at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) examined the stability of Dow Corning Q2-3183A antifoam agent to radiation and aqueous hydroxide solutions. Initial foam control studies with the Hanford tank waste showed that the antifoam agent reduced foaming. The antifoam agent was further tested using simulated Hanford tank waste spiked with an antifoam agent that was heated and irradiated (2.1x104rad/h) at conditions (90 degrees C, 3M NaOH, 8h) expected in the processing of radioactive waste through the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) at Hanford. After irradiation, the concentration of the major polymer components polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) in the antifoam agent was determined by GPC. No significant loss of the major polymer components was observed after 24h and only 15wt% loss of PDMS was reported after 48h. The presence of degradation products were not observed by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS), or high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). G values were calculated from the GPC analysis and tabulated. These analyses indicate that any loss of effectiveness of the antifoam agent within 24h of addition to the waste solution is not primarily due to chemical degradation but results from the separation and/or redistribution of the antifoam components from each other by physical means.
C1 [White, T. L.; Crawford, C. L.; Burket, P. R.; Calloway, T. B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP White, TL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM thomas02.white@srnl.doe.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1849
EP 1857
AR PII 926440027
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493813
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900024
ER
PT J
AU Poirier, MR
Hay, MS
Herman, DT
Crapse, KP
Thaxton, GD
Fink, SD
AF Poirier, M. R.
Hay, M. S.
Herman, D. T.
Crapse, K. P.
Thaxton, G. D.
Fink, S. D.
TI Removal of Sludge Heels in Savannah River Site Waste Tanks with Oxalic
Acid
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE chemical cleaning; oxalic acid; sludge
ID DISSOLUTION; HEMATITE; KINETICS; IRON
AB The Savannah River Site (SRS) is preparing two tanks for closure. The first step in preparing the tank for closure is mechanical sludge removal. In mechanical sludge removal, a liquid such as inhibited water or salt solution is added to the tank, the liquid is mixed with the sludge to form a slurry, and the slurry is transported from the tank. Mechanical cleaning removes a large fraction of the sludge in the tank, but it leaves a sludge heel of several thousand gallons. SRS employs chemical cleaning to remove this sludge heel. In chemical cleaning, oxalic acid is added to the tank to dissolve the sludge, and the liquid, containing the dissolved sludge, is transported from the tank. The authors conducted demonstrations of the chemical cleaning process with simulated SRS waste and actual SRS waste to assess the effectiveness of oxalic acid in dissolving SRS sludge. Following these demonstrations, SRS conducted chemical cleaning in two waste tanks (referred to as Tank A and Tank B). During chemical cleaning, the authors analyzed samples to assess the effectiveness of the chemical cleaning in removing the sludge heel. The conclusions from this work follow. With the exception of iron, the dissolution of sludge components from Tank A agreed with results from the actual waste demonstration performed in 2007. The fraction of iron removed from Tank A by chemical cleaning was significantly less than the fraction removed in the SRNL demonstrations. The likely cause of this difference is the high pH following the first oxalic acid strike. The dissolution of sludge components from Tank B agreed with results from the actual waste demonstration performed in 2007. The fraction of plutonium removed from Tank B by chemical cleaning was slightly higher than the fraction removed in the SRNL demonstrations. Most of the sludge mass remaining in the tank is iron and nickel. The remaining sludge contains significant amounts of barium, chromium, and mercury. Most of the radioactivity remaining in the residual material is beta emitters and 90Sr. The chemical cleaning removed a large fraction of the uranium, aluminum, calcium, sodium, strontium, and cesium. The chemical cleaning was not effective at removing nickel, mercury, plutonium, americium, and curium.
C1 [Poirier, M. R.; Hay, M. S.; Herman, D. T.; Crapse, K. P.; Fink, S. D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Thaxton, G. D.] Savannah River Remediat, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Poirier, MR (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM Michael.poirier@srnl.doe.gov
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1858
EP 1875
AR PII 926440108
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493808
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900025
ER
PT J
AU Fondeur, FF
Hobbs, DT
Fink, SD
AF Fondeur, F. F.
Hobbs, D. T.
Fink, S. D.
TI The Effect of Magnetic Fields on Uranium and Strontium Sorption on
Monosodium Titanate
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE actinide; gradient field
AB The presence of a magnetic field gradient enhanced the rate of strontium and uranium sorption onto monosodium titanate. The enhancement was evident only in the early contact times and did not impact the equilibrium capacity of the sorbent. No enhancement was seen when the sorption test was conducted under a homogeneous magnetic field. Further studies are needed to determine if the enhancement is also seen with other cations and/or anions.
C1 [Fondeur, F. F.; Hobbs, D. T.; Fink, S. D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Fondeur, FF (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM fernando.fondeur@srnl.doe.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1876
EP 1879
AR PII 926439513
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493107
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900026
ER
PT J
AU Stone, ML
Orme, CJ
Peterson, ES
Bauer, WF
Stewart, FF
Harrup, MK
Luther, TA
Klaehn, JR
Wey, JE
AF Stone, Mark L.
Orme, Christopher J.
Peterson, Eric S.
Bauer, William F.
Stewart, Frederick F.
Harrup, Mason K.
Luther, Thomas A.
Klaehn, John R.
Wey, John E.
TI Water Transport Polymers - Structure/Property Relationships of a Series
of Phosphazene Polymers
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE polyphosphazenes; water transport membranes
ID GAS; PERMEABILITY; MEMBRANES; NMR
AB A study was undertaken to explore the water passing properties of a series of phosphazene polymers versus the attached pendant group structure. Pendant groups containing different numbers of ethyleneoxy groups were synthetically attached to the backbone of phosphazene polymers. Phosphazene polymers facilitate these types of studies because, during their synthesis, the polymer backbone is formed first and then the desired pendant groups are attached through nucleophilic substitution. For these studies, four polymer series were synthesized and tested for their water passing properties. The polymers contained different amounts of ethyleneoxy units. Two different polymer families were synthesized and compared in this work. The critical difference in the two polymer series is that one contained pendant groups with aromatic rings, in addition to the oligioethyleneoxy moieties, while the other has no aromatic rings in its structure. Polymers with phenyl group-containing pendant groups exhibited poor water permeability if they possessed fewer than six ethyleneoxy units. Polymers with more than six ethyleneoxy units inserted between the phenyl ring (tail) and the polymeric backbone exhibited reasonable water permeability. Two additional series of polymers with mixed pendant groups were synthesized and the water passing properties of the phosphazenes varied in proportion to the hydrophilic to hydrophobic balance induced by each individual pendant group. A final study of polymers with shorter pendant groups demonstrated the effect of pendant group on water permeability. These studies suggest that the polyphosphazenes may be tailored for specific water passing applications.
C1 [Stone, Mark L.; Orme, Christopher J.; Peterson, Eric S.; Bauer, William F.; Stewart, Frederick F.; Harrup, Mason K.; Luther, Thomas A.; Klaehn, John R.; Wey, John E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Stone, ML (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM mark.stone@inl.gov
RI Peterson, Eric/B-9127-2017; Bauer, William/B-8357-2016; Klaehn,
John/C-6011-2017
OI Peterson, Eric/0000-0002-2292-4939; Bauer, William/0000-0002-7190-9700;
Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1880
EP 1885
AR PII 926439800
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493817
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900027
ER
PT J
AU Karni, CM
Rains, WO
Counce, RM
Watson, JS
Spencer, BB
Del Cul, GD
AF Karni, C. M.
Rains, W. O.
Counce, R. M.
Watson, J. S.
Spencer, B. B.
Del Cul, G. D.
TI Water and Mean Ionic Activities of Aqueous HNO3 Solutions Calculated
from an Extension of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Model
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE activity coefficient; aqueous electrolyte; Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET);
mean ionic activity; modified adsorption isotherm (MAI); nitric acid;
Stokes-Robinson; water
ID CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; ADSORPTION-ISOTHERM MODEL; DEW-POINT
APPARATUS; NITRIC-ACID; VAPOR-PRESSURES; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; LIQUIDUS
CURVES; SYSTEM; SALT; MIXTURES
AB The objective for this research was to employ the extended adsorption isotherm (EAI) to develop a predictive relationship between the activity of H2O (aw) and the mean ionic activity (a +/-) of aqueous HNO3. The EAI model is a calculative approach to the estimation of solutions for activities of highly non-ideal chemical systems and is the collective efforts of Stokes and Robinson, Abraham, and Ally and Braunstein. From previous works of the HNO3-H2O system by Rains et al., a predictive model of relevant aqueous phase activities was developed that only needs knowledge of composition and temperature of the HNO3 solution.
C1 [Karni, C. M.; Rains, W. O.; Counce, R. M.; Watson, J. S.] Univ Tennessee, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Spencer, B. B.; Del Cul, G. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Karni, CM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM cmkarni@gmail.com
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1894
EP 1900
AR PII 926439282
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493850
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900029
ER
PT J
AU McFarlane, J
Luo, H
Garland, M
Steele, WV
AF McFarlane, J.
Luo, H.
Garland, M.
Steele, W. V.
TI Evaluation of Phenylnaphthalenes as Heat Transfer Fluids for High
Temperature Energy Applications
SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy
Applications
CY OCT 18-22, 2009
CL Gatlinburg, TN
DE concentrating solar power energy storage; high temperature heat transfer
fluids; substituted naphthalenes; thermodynamic properties
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HOT-WATER EXTRACTION; THERMODYNAMIC
PROPERTIES; POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; VAPOR-PRESSURES;
2-PHENYLNAPHTHALENE; CONFORMATION; BIPHENYL; COMBUSTION; STABILITY
AB The thermodynamic properties of 1- and 2-phenyl substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbons have been measured and estimated under conditions relevant to heat transport applications almost to the critical point. Densities, vapor pressures, and heat capacity measurements were used to derive critical temperature, pressure, and density for the phenylnaphthalenes. The thermal and radiolytic stability of 1-phenylnaphthalene was examined using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetery, and gamma irradiation. Low melting point, low vapor pressure, high critical temperature, and resistance to thermal decomposition may make phenylnaphthalenes suitable for heat transfer applications up to 800K, including power generation and separations processes.
C1 [McFarlane, J.; Luo, H.; Garland, M.; Steele, W. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP McFarlane, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 4500N,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mcfarlanej@ornl.gov
RI McFarlane, Joanna/C-5998-2016
OI McFarlane, Joanna/0000-0002-4112-5104
NR 49
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-6395
EI 1520-5754
J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL
JI Sep. Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 12-13
BP 1908
EP 1920
AR PII 926439533
DI 10.1080/01496395.2010.493800
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646YF
UT WOS:000281580900031
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SE
Nauschuetz, W
Jordan, N
Lindler, L
Steece, R
Pfau, E
Gaydos, J
AF Lee, Seung-eun
Nauschuetz, William
Jordan, Nikki
Lindler, Luther
Steece, Richard
Pfau, Esther
Gaydos, Joel
TI Survey of Sexually Transmitted Disease Laboratory Methods in US Army
Laboratories
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; PUBLIC-HEALTH LABORATORIES;
NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; RECRUITS; COST; UPDATE
AB Background: Sexually transmitted diseases, in particular Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, are ranked as the top 2 most commonly notified disease in the US Army. Although surveillance programs are in place to capture event data, no routine STD surveillance program captures laboratory test information.
Methods: To evaluate laboratory testing practices/methodologies in US Army laboratories in 2007, a questionnaire was distributed to all 38 US Army laboratories. The results of the survey were compared across Army installations to US civilian public health laboratories.
Results: Of 38 survey recipients, 35 (92.1%) completed the survey. Overall, 78.6% of C. trachomatis and 77.2% of N. gonorrhoeae specimens were tested by nucleic acid amplification tests. In addition, 48.6% used culture as a method of N. gonorrhoeae testing. Testing for genital herpes, trichomonas, bacterial vaginosis, syphilis, human papillomavirus, and/or premalignant/malignant cervical cells was performed by 33 of the 35 laboratories.
Conclusions: A high proportion of US Army laboratories are using NAAT technology for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae testing. A more comprehensive questionnaire may be needed to accurately describe the type and volume of other STD tests. Despite the difference in survey data acquisition between the US civilian public health laboratory survey and the US Army laboratory survey, broad comparisons such as test types were able to be made. Future surveys should be extended to other US military services and should include both civilian and military laboratories.
C1 [Lee, Seung-eun; Lindler, Luther] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Lee, Seung-eun] Adv Mil Med Inc, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA.
[Nauschuetz, William] USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[Jordan, Nikki; Pfau, Esther] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA.
[Steece, Richard] Natl Infertil Prevent Project, Pierre, SD USA.
[Pfau, Esther] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA.
RP Lee, SE (reprint author), Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM seungeun.lee@us.army.mil
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 37
IS 1
BP 44
EP 48
DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181b66dd6
PG 5
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 538BP
UT WOS:000273159400009
PM 19734822
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library, Volume 5 Non-Shock
Initiation of Explosives Introduction
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_1
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400001
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Transport Phenomena for Nonshock Initiation Processes
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GAS PERMEATION; EXPLOSIVES; DEFLAGRATION; DETONATION; HMX; TRANSITION
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 15
EP 44
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_2
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 30
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400002
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI The Chemical Kinetics of Solid Thermal Explosions
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DELTA-PHASE-TRANSITION; ENERGETIC NITRAMINE
OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE; BEAM
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; GAS-PHASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; DECOMPOSITION MODELS; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY;
SURFACE-CHEMISTRY
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov
NR 145
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 45
EP 128
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_3
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 84
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400003
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Classical Theory of Thermal Criticality
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TEMPERATURE; EQUATION; ENERGY; HMX
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 59
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 129
EP 243
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_4
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 115
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400004
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Deflagration Phenomena in Energetic Materials: An Overview
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SOLID-PROPELLANT INGREDIENTS; TO-DETONATION; GRANULAR EXPLOSIVES; POROUS
SYSTEMS; GAS PERMEATION; BURNING RATE; COMBUSTION; PBX-9501; CRACK;
PROPAGATION
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 245
EP 292
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_5
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 48
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400005
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Mechanical and Thermal Damage
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID POLYMER BONDED EXPLOSIVES; SOLID ROCKET PROPELLANTS; DELTA
PHASE-TRANSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; ELASTIC
PROPERTIES; GAS PERMEATION; PBX-9501; HMX; TATB
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 141
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 293
EP 401
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_6
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 109
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400006
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Cookoff
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; PROPELLANT COMBUSTION; GAS
PERMEATION; HMX; EXPLOSIVES; DETONATION; PBX-9501; VIOLENCE; TRANSITION
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov
NR 62
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 403
EP 482
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_7
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 80
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400007
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI The Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GRANULAR EXPLOSIVES; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; POROUS EXPLOSIVES;
DAMAGED PBX-9501; PROPELLANT; COMBUSTION; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR; BEDS;
DDT
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 483
EP 535
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_8
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 53
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400008
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Friction
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 537
EP 554
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_9
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400009
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Impact and Shear Ignition By Nonshock Mechanisms
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 555
EP 581
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_10
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 27
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400010
ER
PT B
AU Asay, BW
AF Asay, B. W.
BE Asay, BW
TI Spark and Laser Ignition
SO SHOCK WAVE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE LIBRARY, VOL 5: NON-SHOCK
INITIATION OF EXPLOSIVES
SE Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Asay, B. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Asay, BW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bwa@lanl.gov; bwa@lanl.gov
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-87952-7
J9 SHOCK WAVE SCI TECHN
PY 2010
VL 5
BP 583
EP 605
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_11
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4
PG 23
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanics
GA BNJ48
UT WOS:000274745400011
ER
PT B
AU Hou, PY
AF Hou, P. Y.
BE Richardson, TJA
TI Oxidation of Metals and Alloys
SO SHREIR'S CORROSION, VOL 1: BASIC CONCEPTS, HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; OXYGEN PARTIAL-PRESSURE; ALUMINA-FORMING
ALLOYS; OXIDE-SCALE ADHESION; 1200 DEGREES C; SI-B ALLOYS;
AUGER-ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; REACTIVE-ELEMENT ADDITIONS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY
SEGREGATION; NICKEL-CHROMIUM ALLOYS
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Hou, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 436
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-44-452787-5; 978-0-44-452788-2
PY 2010
BP 195
EP 239
PG 45
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BA2ME
UT WOS:000333654400010
ER
PT B
AU Tortorelli, PF
Brady, MP
AF Tortorelli, P. F.
Brady, M. P.
BE Richardson, TJA
TI Design of High Temperature Alloys
SO SHREIR'S CORROSION, VOL 1: BASIC CONCEPTS, HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; ALUMINA-FORMING ALLOYS; 2-PHASE
BINARY-ALLOYS; OXIDATION-SULFIDATION BEHAVIOR; MIXED-GAS ENVIRONMENTS;
HIGH OXIDANT PRESSURES; FE-CR ALLOYS; WATER-VAPOR; REACTIVE-ELEMENT;
SCALE FORMATION
C1 [Tortorelli, P. F.; Brady, M. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Tortorelli, PF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747
NR 119
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-44-452787-5; 978-0-44-452788-2
PY 2010
BP 541
EP 557
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BA2ME
UT WOS:000333654400021
ER
PT B
AU Pint, BA
AF Pint, B. A.
BE Richardson, TJA
TI High Temperature Corrosion of Alumina-forming Iron, Nickel and
Cobalt-base Alloys
SO SHREIR'S CORROSION, VOL 1: BASIC CONCEPTS, HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID FE-CR-AL; CYCLIC OXIDATION RESISTANCE; AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS;
OXIDE-SCALE ADHESION; DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED ALLOYS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY
SEGREGATION; COMMERCIAL FECRAIRE ALLOYS; THERMALLY GROWN OXIDE;
WATER-VAPOR; REACTIVE-ELEMENT
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 305
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-44-452787-5; 978-0-44-452788-2
PY 2010
BP 606
EP 645
PG 40
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BA2ME
UT WOS:000333654400024
ER
PT J
AU Lillard, RS
AF Lillard, R. S.
BE Richardson, TJA
TI Corrosion of Beryllium and its Alloys
SO SHREIR'S CORROSION, VOL 3: CORROSION AND DEGRADATION OF ENGINEERING
MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; CARBON DIOXIDE; ANODIC DISSOLUTION;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; STRESS CORROSION; MONOXIDE; CALCIUM; ZRBE13; WATER;
METAL
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Lillard, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-444-52787-5
PY 2010
BP 2168
EP 2180
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BA2JQ
UT WOS:000333463900018
ER
PT J
AU Gautesen, AK
Fradkin, LJ
AF Gautesen, A. K.
Fradkin, L. Ju.
TI DIFFRACTION BY A TWO-DIMENSIONAL TRACTION-FREE ELASTIC WEDGE
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE diffraction; elastic wedge; semianalytical approach; Fourier transform;
Sommerfeld integral
ID RAYLEIGH-WAVE SCATTERING; QUARTER SPACE; ANGLE
AB This paper addresses the canonical two-dimensional problem of diffraction of the elastic plane wave by a traction-free straight-edged wedge made of an isotropic solid. Its solution can be used in applications to model diffraction from curved surface-breaking cracks with a curvature that is small compared to a wavelength. We use the Fourier transform to obtain a semianalytical solution, conduct internal checks, crossvalidate the code based on this scheme with the one based on the Sommerfeld integral, and describe experimental validation of the codes. Finally, we draw attention to high sensitivity of the backscatter diffraction coefficients to the Poisson ratio.
C1 [Gautesen, A. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Gautesen, A. K.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Fradkin, L. Ju.] London S Bank Univ, FESBE, ECCE, Waves & Fields Res Grp, London SE1 0AA, England.
RP Gautesen, AK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM gautesen@scl.ameslab.gov; l.fradkin@soundmathematics.com
FU EPSRC under UK RCNDE [GR/T22339/01]
FX Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, 136 Wilhelm Hall,
Ames, IA 50011, and Ames Laboratory, 111 TASF, Ames, IA 50011
(gautesen@scl.ameslab.gov). This author's work was supported by the
EPSRC under grant GR/T22339/01 managed under the auspices of the UK
RCNDE.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0036-1399
J9 SIAM J APPL MATH
JI SIAM J. Appl. Math.
PY 2010
VL 70
IS 8
BP 3065
EP 3085
DI 10.1137/080740684
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697VW
UT WOS:000285548900013
ER
PT J
AU Zavala, VM
Anitescu, M
AF Zavala, Victor M.
Anitescu, Mihai
TI REAL-TIME NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION AS A GENERALIZED EQUATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE generalized equations; stability; nonlinear optimization; real-time
optimization; complementarity
ID MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; LINEAR COMPLEMENTARITY-PROBLEMS;
VARIATIONAL-INEQUALITIES; ITERATION SCHEME; SYSTEMS; STRATEGIES;
STABILITY; ALGORITHM; FRICTION; CONTACT
AB We establish results for the problem of tracking a time-dependent manifold arising in real-time optimization by casting this as a parametric generalized equation. We demonstrate that if points along a solution manifold are consistently strongly regular, it is possible to track the manifold approximately by solving a single linear complementarity problem (LCP) at each time step. We derive sufficient conditions guaranteeing that the tracking error remains bounded to second order with the size of the time step even if the LCP is solved only approximately. We use these results to derive a fast, augmented Lagrangian tracking algorithm and demonstrate the developments through a numerical case study.
C1 [Zavala, Victor M.; Anitescu, Mihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zavala, VM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM vzavala@mcs.anl.gov; anitescu@mcs.anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Received by the editors June 22, 2009; accepted for publication (in
revised form) August 25, 2010; published electronically November 11,
2010. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through
contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive,
royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this
contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes.
Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these rights.
NR 36
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0363-0129
J9 SIAM J CONTROL OPTIM
JI SIAM J. Control Optim.
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 8
BP 5444
EP 5467
DI 10.1137/090762634
PG 24
WC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics, Applied
SC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics
GA 697HC
UT WOS:000285502900025
ER
PT J
AU Gu, M
Li, XS
Vassilevski, PS
AF Gu, Ming
Li, Xiaoye S.
Vassilevski, Panayot S.
TI DIRECTION-PRESERVING AND SCHUR-MONOTONIC SEMISEPARABLE APPROXIMATIONS OF
SYMMETRIC POSITIVE DEFINITE MATRICES
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE semiseparable matrix factorization; positivity-preserving;
direction-preserving
ID FAST ALGORITHMS; REPRESENTATIONS; EQUATIONS; FACTORIZATION; SOLVER
AB For a given symmetric positive definite matrix A is an element of R(NxN), we develop a fast and backward stable algorithm to approximate A by a symmetric positive definite semiseparable matrix, accurate to a constant multiple of any prescribed tolerance. In addition, this algorithm preserves the product, AZ, for a given matrix Z is an element of R(Nxd), where d << N. Our algorithm guarantees the positivedefiniteness of the semiseparable matrix by embedding an approximation strategy inside a Cholesky factorization procedure to ensure that the Schur complements during the Cholesky factorization all remain positive definite after approximation. It uses a robust direction-preserving approximation scheme to ensure the preservation of AZ. We present numerical experiments and discuss the potential implications of our work.
C1 [Gu, Ming] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Li, Xiaoye S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Gu, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, 861 Evans Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mgu@math.berkeley.edu; xsli@lbl.gov; panayot@llnl.gov
RI Gu, Min/B-6627-2008
FU NSF [CCR-9702866]; Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Department of Mathematics, University of California, 861 Evans Hall,
Berkeley, CA 94720 (mgu@math.berkeley.edu). This author's work was
supported in part by NSF Career Award CCR-9702866.; Computational
Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50F-1650,
One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 (xsli@lbl.gov). This author's
work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Advanced Scientific Computing Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.; Center for Applied Scientific
Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-560,
Livermore, CA 94551 (panayot@llnl.gov). This author's work was performed
under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0895-4798
J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A
JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 5
BP 2650
EP 2664
DI 10.1137/090774331
PG 15
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 702ZC
UT WOS:000285933400019
ER
PT J
AU Constantine, PG
Gleich, DF
Iaccarino, G
AF Constantine, Paul G.
Gleich, David F.
Iaccarino, Gianluca
TI SPECTRAL METHODS FOR PARAMETERIZED MATRIX EQUATIONS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE parameterized systems; spectral methods
ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS
AB We apply polynomial approximation methods-known in the numerical PDEs context as spectral methods-to approximate the vector-valued function that satisfies a linear system of equations where the matrix and the right-hand side depend on a parameter. We derive both an interpolatory pseudospectral method and a residual-minimizing Galerkin method, and we show how each can be interpreted as solving a truncated infinite system of equations; the difference between the two methods lies in where the truncation occurs. Using classical theory, we derive asymptotic error estimates related to the region of analyticity of the solution, and we present a practical residual error estimate. We verify the results with two numerical examples.
C1 [Constantine, Paul G.; Gleich, David F.; Iaccarino, Gianluca] Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Constantine, PG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM pconsta@sandia.gov; dfgleic@sandia.gov; jops@stanford.edu
RI Iaccarino, Gianluca/H-5284-2011; Constantine, Paul/G-6394-2015
OI Constantine, Paul/0000-0003-3726-6307
FU Department of Energy; Microsoft Live Labs
FX Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, CA 94305. Current address: Sandia National
Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123 (pconsta@sandia.gov). This author
was funded by the Department of Energy Predictive Science Academic
Alliance Program.; Institute for Computational and Mathematical
Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305. Current address:
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550 (dfgleic@sandia.gov).
This author was supported by a Microsoft Live Labs Fellowship.;
Mechanical Engineering and Institute for Computational and Mathematical
Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
(jops@stanford.edu). This author was funded by the Department of Energy
Predictive Science Academic Alliance Program.
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0895-4798
EI 1095-7162
J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A
JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 5
BP 2681
EP 2699
DI 10.1137/090755965
PG 19
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 702ZC
UT WOS:000285933400021
ER
PT J
AU da Veiga, LB
Lipnikov, K
Manzini, G
AF da Veiga, L. Beirao
Lipnikov, K.
Manzini, G.
TI ERROR ANALYSIS FOR A MIMETIC DISCRETIZATION OF THE STEADY STOKES PROBLEM
ON POLYHEDRAL MESHES
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stokes equation; mimetic finite difference method; polyhedral mesh
ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD; DIFFUSION-PROBLEMS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; VOLUME
METHOD; CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS; POLYGONAL MESHES; APPROXIMATION;
ESTIMATOR; EQUATIONS; SCHEME
AB We present the development, convergence analysis, and numerical tests of the mimetic finite difference method for the Stokes problem on two-dimensional polygonal and three-dimensional polyhedral meshes.
C1 [Lipnikov, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[da Veiga, L. Beirao] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat F Enriques, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Manzini, G.] CNR, IMATI, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
RP Lipnikov, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lourenco.beirao@unimi.it; lipnikov@lanl.gov; Marco.Manzini@imati.cnr.it
RI Beirao da Veiga, Lourenco/A-8080-2010;
OI Manzini, Gianmarco/0000-0003-3626-3112
FU Department of Energy (DOE)
FX Corresponding author. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical
Division, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (lipnikov@lanl.gov). This
author's work was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced
Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematics.
NR 42
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0036-1429
J9 SIAM J NUMER ANAL
JI SIAM J. Numer. Anal.
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 1419
EP 1443
DI 10.1137/090757411
PG 25
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 653CS
UT WOS:000282064400008
ER
PT J
AU Pinar, A
Meza, J
Donde, V
Lesieutre, B
AF Pinar, Ali
Meza, Juan
Donde, Vaibhav
Lesieutre, Bernard
TI OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES FOR THE VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRIC
POWER GRID
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE mixed integer nonlinear programming; network inhibition; network flow;
mixed integer linear programming; electric power flow; network
vulnerability; graph theory
ID TERRORIST THREAT; SYSTEMS
AB Identifying small groups of lines, whose removal would cause a severe blackout, is critical for the secure operation of the electric power grid. We show how power grid vulnerability analysis can be studied as a bilevel mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. Our analysis reveals a special structure in the formulation that can be exploited to avoid nonlinearity and approximate the original problem as a pure combinatorial problem. The key new observation behind our analysis is the correspondence between the Jacobian matrix (a representation of the feasibility boundary of the equations that describe the flow of power in the network) and the Laplacian matrix in spectral graph theory (a representation of the graph of the power grid). The reduced combinatorial problem is known as the network inhibition problem, for which we present a mixed integer linear programming formulation. Our experiments on benchmark power grids show that the reduced combinatorial model provides an accurate approximation, to enable vulnerability analyses of real-sized problems with more than 16,520 power lines.
C1 [Pinar, Ali] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Informat & Decis Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Meza, Juan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, High Performance Comp Res Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Donde, Vaibhav] ABB Inc, Corp Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
[Lesieutre, Bernard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lesieutre, Bernard] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Pinar, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Informat & Decis Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM apinar@sandia.gov; JCMeza@lbl.gov; vaibhav.d.donde@us.abb.com;
BCLesieutre@lbl.gov
RI Meza, Juan/B-5601-2012;
OI Meza, Juan/0000-0003-4543-0349
FU Office of Science, Division of Mathematical, Information, and
Computational Sciences of U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Division of
Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of U.S. Department
of Energy under contract DE-AC03-76SF00098.
NR 29
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 10
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1052-6234
J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ
JI SIAM J. Optim.
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 4
BP 1786
EP 1810
DI 10.1137/070708275
PG 25
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KW
UT WOS:000277836700005
ER
PT J
AU Vassilevski, PS
AF Vassilevski, Panayot S.
TI GENERAL CONSTRAINED ENERGY MINIMIZATION INTERPOLATION MAPPINGS FOR AMG
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods
CY APR 06-11, 2008
CL Copper Mt, CO
DE algebraic multigrid; constrained interpolation; H(curl) preconditioning
ID ELEMENT AGGLOMERATION
AB This report proposes a new class of interpolation procedures for use in algebraic multigrid (AMG). The procedure is general in that it applies to s.p.d. finite element discretization problems that include scalar and vector elliptic PDEs, and it can be adapted to the time-domain Maxwell (definite H(curl)) problems. It can also be viewed as an extension of previously proposed vector-fitting interpolation procedures and can be used in adaptive AMG cycles. We illustrate the performance of the new interpolation matrices on a number of test problems.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Vassilevski, PS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 808,L-561, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM panayot@llnl.gov
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1137/080726252
PG 13
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KZ
UT WOS:000277837000002
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, DR
Samtaney, R
Woodward, CS
AF Reynolds, Daniel R.
Samtaney, Ravi
Woodward, Carol S.
TI OPERATOR-BASED PRECONDITIONING OF STIFF HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods
CY APR 06-11, 2008
CL Copper Mt, CO
DE implicit methods; preconditioning; hyperbolic systems
ID ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; RESISTIVE
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; EULER EQUATIONS; UPWIND SCHEME; IMPLICIT; MHD;
SIMULATION; SOLVERS; FIELDS
AB We introduce an operator-based scheme for preconditioning stiff components encountered in implicit methods for hyperbolic systems of PDEs posed on regular grids. The method is based on a directional splitting of the implicit operator, followed by a characteristic decomposition of the resulting directional parts. This approach allows for the solution of any number of characteristic components, from the entire system to only the fastest, stiffness-inducing waves. We apply the preconditioning method to stiff hyperbolic systems arising in magnetohydrodynamics and gas dynamics. We then present numerical results showing that this preconditioning scheme works well on problems where the underlying stiffness results from the interaction of fast transient waves with slowly-evolving dynamics, scales well to large problem sizes and numbers of processors, and allows for additional customization based on the specific problems under study.
C1 [Reynolds, Daniel R.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Samtaney, Ravi] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Woodward, Carol S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Reynolds, DR (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
EM reynolds@smu.edu; samtaney@pppl.gov; cswoodward@llnl.gov
RI Woodward, Carol/M-4008-2014;
OI Reynolds, Daniel/0000-0002-0911-7841
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 1
BP 150
EP 170
DI 10.1137/080713331
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KZ
UT WOS:000277837000009
ER
PT J
AU Nourgaliev, R
Kadioglu, S
Mousseau, V
AF Nourgaliev, Robert
Kadioglu, Samet
Mousseau, Vincent
TI MARKER REDISTANCING/LEVEL SET METHOD FOR HIGH-FIDELITY IMPLICIT
INTERFACE TRACKING
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Copper Mountain Conference on Iterative Methods
CY APR 06-11, 2008
CL Copper Mt, CO
DE interface tracking; level set; front tracking methods; multiphase flows;
Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov methods; ILU preconditioning
ID INCOMPRESSIBLE 2-PHASE FLOWS; WEIGHTED ENO SCHEMES; ADAPTIVE LEVEL SET;
OF-FLUID METHOD; FRONT-TRACKING; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; VOLUME
TRACKING; SURFACE-TENSION; ALGORITHM; RECONSTRUCTION
AB A hybrid of the front tracking (FT) and the level set (LS) methods is introduced, combining advantages and removing drawbacks of both methods. The kinematics of the interface is treated in a Lagrangian (FT) manner, by tracking markers placed at the interface. The markers are not connected-instead, the interface topology is resolved in an Eulerian (LS) framework, by wrapping a signed distance function around Lagrangian markers each time the markers move. For accuracy and efficiency, we have developed a high-order "anchoring" algorithm and an implicit PDEbased redistancing. We have demonstrated that the method is 3rd-order accurate in space, near the markers, and therefore 1st-order convergent in curvature; this is in contrast to traditional PDE-based reinitialization algorithms, which tend to slightly relocate the zero level set and can be shown to be nonconvergent in curvature. The implicit pseudo-time discretization of the redistancing equation is implemented within the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) framework combined with ILU(k) preconditioning. Due to the LS localization, the bandwidth of the Jacobian matrix is nearly constant, and the ILU preconditioning scales as similar to N log(root N) in two dimensions, which implies efficiency and good scalability of the overall algorithm. We have demonstrated that the steady-state solutions in pseudo-time can be achieved very efficiently, with approximate to 10 iterations (CFL approximate to 10(4)), in contrast to the explicit redistancing which requires hundreds of iterations with CFL <= 1.
C1 [Nourgaliev, Robert; Kadioglu, Samet; Mousseau, Vincent] Idaho Natl Lab, Multiphys Methods Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Nourgaliev, R (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Multiphys Methods Grp, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM robert.nourgaliev@inl.gov; samet.kadioglu@inl.gov;
vincent.mousseau@inl.gov
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 1
BP 320
EP 348
DI 10.1137/080727439
PG 29
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KZ
UT WOS:000277837000018
ER
PT J
AU Santarelli, KR
AF Santarelli, Keith R.
TI A FRAMEWORK FOR REDUCED ORDER MODELING WITH MIXED MOMENT MATCHING AND
PEAK ERROR OBJECTIVES
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE model reduction; L(1) norm; moment matching; simulation; Ritz
approximation
ID REDUCTION; SYSTEMS; APPROXIMATION; MINIMIZATION
AB We examine a new method of producing reduced order models for LTI systems which attempts to minimize a bound on the peak error between the original and reduced order models subject to a bound on the peak value of the input. The method, which can be implemented by solving a set of linear programming problems that are parameterized via a single scalar quantity, is able to minimize an error bound subject to a number of moment matching constraints. Moreover, because all optimization is performed in the time domain, the method can also be used to perform model reduction for infinite dimensional systems, rather than being restricted to finite order state space descriptions. We begin by contrasting the method we present here with two classes of standard model reduction algorithms, namely, moment matching algorithms and singular value-based methods. After motivating the class of reduction tools we propose, we describe the algorithm (which minimizes the L(1) norm of the difference between the original and reduced order impulse responses) and formulate the corresponding linear programming problem that is solved during each iteration of the algorithm. We then prove that, for a certain class of LTI systems, the method we propose can be used to produce reduced order models of arbitrary accuracy even when the original system is infinite dimensional. We then show how to incorporate moment matching constraints into the basic error bound minimization algorithm, and present three examples which utilize the techniques described herein. We conclude with some comments on extensions to multi-input, multi-output systems, as well as some general comments for future work.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Discrete Math & Complex Syst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Santarelli, KR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Discrete Math & Complex Syst Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM krsanta@sandia.gov
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 2
BP 745
EP 773
DI 10.1137/090761136
PG 29
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598LA
UT WOS:000277837100013
ER
PT J
AU da Veiga, LB
Lipnikov, K
AF da Veiga, L. Beirao
Lipnikov, K.
TI A MIMETIC DISCRETIZATION OF THE STOKES PROBLEM WITH SELECTED EDGE
BUBBLES
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE mimetic discretization; Stokes problem; stability; finite element method
ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD; DIFFUSION-PROBLEMS; POLYHEDRAL MESHES;
ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS; POLYGONAL MESHES; ERROR
ESTIMATOR; ELEMENT; VELOCITY
AB A new mimetic finite difference method for the Stokes problem is proposed and analyzed. The mimetic discretization methodology can be understood as a generalization of the finite element method to meshes with general polygons/polyhedrons. In this paper, the mimetic generalization of the unstable P(1) - P(0) (and the "conditionally stable" Q1 - P0) finite element is shown to be fully stable when applied to a large range of polygonal meshes. Moreover, we show how to stabilize the remaining cases by adding a small number of bubble functions to selected mesh edges. A simple strategy for selecting such edges is proposed and verified with numerical experiments.
C1 [da Veiga, L. Beirao] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat F Enriques, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Lipnikov, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP da Veiga, LB (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat F Enriques, Via Saldini 50, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
EM lourenco.beirao@unimi.it; lipnikov@lanl.gov
RI Beirao da Veiga, Lourenco/A-8080-2010
FU U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE
FX This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos
National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 and the DOE Office
of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program in Applied
Mathematics Research.
NR 35
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 2
BP 875
EP 893
DI 10.1137/090767029
PG 19
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598LA
UT WOS:000277837100019
ER
PT J
AU Jiao, XM
Einstein, DR
Dyedov, V
AF Jiao, Xiangmin
Einstein, Daniel R.
Dyedov, Vladimir
TI LOCAL ORTHOGONAL CUTTING METHOD FOR COMPUTING MEDIAL CURVES AND ITS
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE curves and surfaces; medial curves; orthogonal decomposition; interior
center of curvature; stability; biomedical applications
ID ARTERIAL TREE; EXTRACTION; QUANTIFICATION; ALGORITHMS; VOLUME;
MORPHOMETRY; SKELETONS; MODELS; LINES; RAT
AB Medial curves have a wide range of applications in geometric modeling and analysis (such as shape matching) and biomedical engineering (such as morphometry and computer assisted surgery). The computation of medial curves poses significant challenges, in terms of both theoretical analysis and practical efficiency and reliability. In this paper, we propose a definition and analysis of medial curves and also describe an efficient and robust method called local orthogonal cutting for computing medial curves. Our approach is based on three key concepts: a local orthogonal decomposition of objects into substructures, a differential geometry concept called the interior center of curvature, and integrated stability and consistency tests. These concepts lend themselves to robust numerical techniques and result in an algorithm that is efficient and noise resistant. We illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach with some highly complex, large-scale, noisy biomedical geometries derived from medical images, including lung airways and blood vessels. We also present comparisons of our method with some existing methods.
C1 [Jiao, Xiangmin; Dyedov, Vladimir] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Einstein, Daniel R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Jiao, XM (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM jiao@ams.sunysb.edu; daniel.einstein@pnl.gov; vladimir@ams.sunysb.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0809285]; National Heart and Blood
Institute [1RO1HL073598-01A1]; National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences [P01 ES011617]
FX The work of the first author was supported by the National Science
Foundation under award DMS-0809285.; The work of the second author was
supported by the National Heart and Blood Institute under award
1RO1HL073598-01A1 and by the National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences under award P01 ES011617.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 2
BP 947
EP 969
DI 10.1137/090767170
PG 23
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598LA
UT WOS:000277837100022
PM 20628546
ER
PT J
AU Brannick, JJ
Falgout, RD
AF Brannick, James J.
Falgout, Robert D.
TI COMPATIBLE RELAXATION AND COARSENING IN ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE algebraic multigrid; compatible relaxation
AB We introduce a coarsening algorithm for algebraic multigrid (AMG) based on the concept of compatible relaxation (CR). The algorithm is significantly different from standard methods, most notably because it does not rely on any notion of strength of connection. We study its behavior on a number of model problems and evaluate the performance of an AMG algorithm that incorporates the coarsening approach. Finally, we introduce a variant of CR that provides a sharper metric of coarse-grid quality and demonstrate its potential with two simple examples.
C1 [Brannick, James J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Falgout, Robert D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Brannick, JJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Math, 221 McAllister Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM brannick@psu.edu; rfalgout@llnl.gov
FU National Science Foundation [OCI-0749202, DMS-810982]; DOE [B574151,
B574163]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Department of Mathematics, 221 McAllister Bldg., Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA 16802 (brannick@psu.edu). The work of
this author was partially supported by the National Science Foundation
under grants OCI-0749202 and DMS-810982 and partially supported by DOE
subcontracts B574151 and B574163.; Center for Applied Scientific
Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561,
Livermore, CA 94551 (rfalgout@llnl.gov). This work was performed under
the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The U.S.
Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do
so, for U.S. Government purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the
extent not limited by these rights.
NR 22
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 3
BP 1393
EP 1416
DI 10.1137/090772216
PG 24
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 608IE
UT WOS:000278576300014
ER
PT J
AU Dobrev, V
Guermond, JL
Popov, B
AF Dobrev, Veselin
Guermond, Jean-Luc
Popov, Bojan
TI SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION AND IMAGE ENHANCEMENT VIA L-1-MINIMIZATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE finite elements; L-1-minimization; interior-point algorithm; data
reconstruction; digital elevation models; image enhancement
ID CUBIC L-1 SPLINES; HAMILTON-JACOBI EQUATIONS; MULTISCALE INTERPOLATION;
CONSERVATION-LAWS; STEADY-STATE; L-P; BIVARIATE; SUPERRESOLUTION;
APPROXIMATION; ALGORITHMS
AB A surface reconstruction technique based on minimization of the total variation of the gradient is introduced. Convergence of the method is established, and an interior-point algorithm solving the associated linear programming problem is introduced. The reconstruction algorithm is illustrated on various test cases including natural and urban terrain data, and enhancement of low-resolution or aliased images.
C1 [Dobrev, Veselin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Guermond, Jean-Luc] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Guermond, Jean-Luc] CNRS, LIMSI, UPRR 3251, F-91403 Orsay, France.
[Popov, Bojan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Dobrev, V (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Box 808,L-560, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM dobrev@llnl.gov; guermond@math.tamu.edu; popov@math.tamu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0510650, DMS-0811041]; King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-C1-016-04]
FX Received by the editors March 26, 2009; accepted for publication ( in
revised form) February 12, 2010; published electronically June 9, 2010.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation grants DMS-0510650 and DMS-0811041. This publication is based
on work partially supported by Award KUS-C1-016-04, made by King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 3
BP 1591
EP 1616
DI 10.1137/09075408X
PG 26
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 608IE
UT WOS:000278576300023
ER
PT J
AU Bozdag, D
Catalyurek, UV
Gebremedhin, AH
Manne, F
Boman, EG
Ozguner, F
AF Bozdag, Doruk
Catalyurek, Uemit V.
Gebremedhin, Assefaw H.
Manne, Fredrik
Boman, Erik G.
Ozguner, Fuesun
TI DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR DISTANCE-2 COLORING AND
RELATED PROBLEMS IN DERIVATIVE COMPUTATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE distance-2 graph coloring; distributed-memory parallel algorithms;
Jacobian computation; Hessian computation; sparsity exploitation;
automatic differentiation; combinatorial scientific computing
ID SPARSE HESSIAN MATRICES; PLANAR GRAPHS; APPROXIMATION; COMPUTERS;
NETWORKS
AB The distance-2 graph coloring problem aims at partitioning the vertex set of a graph into the fewest sets consisting of vertices pairwise at distance greater than 2 from each other. Its applications include derivative computation in numerical optimization and channel assignment in radio networks. We present efficient, distributed-memory, parallel heuristic algorithms for this NP-hard problem as well as for two related problems used in the computation of Jacobians and Hessians. Parallel speedup is achieved through graph partitioning, speculative (iterative) coloring, and a bulk synchronous parallel-like organization of parallel computation. Results from experiments conducted on a PC cluster employing up to 96 processors and using large-size real-world as well as synthetically generated test graphs show that the algorithms are scalable. In terms of quality of solution, the algorithms perform remarkably well-the numbers of colors used by the parallel algorithms are observed to be very close to the numbers used by their sequential counterparts, which in turn are quite often near optimal. Moreover, the experimental results show that the parallel distance-2 coloring algorithm compares favorably with the alternative approach of solving the distance-2 coloring problem on a graph G by first constructing the square graph G(2) and then applying a parallel distance-1 coloring algorithm on G(2). Implementations of the algorithms are made available via the Zoltan toolkit.
C1 [Bozdag, Doruk; Catalyurek, Uemit V.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Catalyurek, Uemit V.; Ozguner, Fuesun] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Gebremedhin, Assefaw H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Manne, Fredrik] Univ Bergen, Dept Informat, N-5008 Bergen, Norway.
[Boman, Erik G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Bozdag, D (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM bozdag.1@osu.edu; catalyurek.1@osu.edu; agebreme@purdue.edu;
Fredrik.Manne@ii.uib.no; egboman@sandia.gov; ozguner@ece.osu.edu
RI Catalyurek, Umit/A-2454-2008
OI Catalyurek, Umit/0000-0002-5625-3758
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science through the CSCAPES SciDAC
Institute; U.S. National Science Foundation [CCF-0830645, CNS-0643969,
OCI-0904809, OCI-0904802, CNS-0403342]; Ohio Supercomputing Center
[PAS0052]; Norwegian Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Received by the editors August 4, 2008; accepted for publication (in
revised form) May 17, 2010; published electronically August 5, 2010.
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Science through the CSCAPES SciDAC Institute; by the U.S. National
Science Foundation under grants CCF-0830645, CNS-0643969, OCI-0904809,
OCI-0904802, and CNS-0403342; by Ohio Supercomputing Center PAS0052; and
by the Norwegian Research Council through the Evita program.; Scalable
Algorithms Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
87185 (egboman@sandia.gov). Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated
by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 4
BP 2418
EP 2446
DI 10.1137/080732158
PG 29
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 636VJ
UT WOS:000280771100033
ER
PT J
AU Lee, B
AF Lee, Barry
TI IMPROVED MULTIPLE-COARSENING METHODS FOR SN DISCRETIZATIONS OF THE
BOLTZMANN EQUATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Boltzmann equation; transport; multigrid method; Sn discretizations;
anisotropic scattering
ID DIFFUSION SYNTHETIC ACCELERATION
AB In a recent series of articles, the author presented a multiple-coarsening multigrid method for solving S-n discretizations of the Boltzmann transport equation. This algorithm is applied to an integral equation for the scalar flux or moments. Although this algorithm is very efficient over parameter regimes that describe realistic neutron/photon transport applications, improved methods that can reduce the computational cost are presented in this paper. These improved methods are derived through a careful examination of the frequencies, particularly the near nullspace, of the integral equation. In the earlier articles, the near-nullspace components were shown to be smooth in angle in the sense that the angular fluxes generated by these components are smooth in angle. In this paper, we present a spatial description of these near-nullspace components. Using the angular description of the earlier papers together with the spatial description reveals the intrinsic space-angle dependence of the integral equation's frequencies. This space-angle dependence is used to determine the appropriate space-angle grids to represent and efficiently attenuate the near-nullspace error components on. It will be shown that these components can have multiple spatial scales. By using only the appropriate space-angle grids that can represent these spatial scales in the original multiple-coarsening algorithm, an improved algorithm is obtained. Moreover, particularly for anisotropic scattering, recognizing the strong angle dependence of the angular fluxes generated by the high frequencies of the integral equation, another improved multiple-coarsening scheme is derived. Restricting this scheme to the appropriate space-angle grids produces a very efficient method.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Lee, B (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM Barry.Lee@pnl.gov
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 5
BP 2497
EP 2522
DI 10.1137/080742476
PG 26
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 668TN
UT WOS:000283293500004
ER
PT J
AU Hauck, C
McClarren, R
AF Hauck, Cory
McClarren, Ryan
TI POSITIVE P-N CLOSURES
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE kinetic equations; transport equations; neutron transport; moment
closures; optimization; quadratic programming; spherical harmonic
expansion; P-N equations
ID THERMAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; LIMITED NEUTRINO DIFFUSION; ENTROPY
EDDINGTON FACTORS; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY; MOMENT CLOSURE; HYDRODYNAMICAL
MODEL; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS; KINETIC-EQUATIONS;
CARRIER TRANSPORT
AB We introduce a modification to the standard spherical harmonic closure used with linear kinetic equations of particle transport. While the standard closure is known to produce negative particle concentrations, the modification corrects this defect by requiring that the ansatz used to close the equations itself be a nonnegative function. We impose this requirement via explicit constraints in a quadratic optimization problem.
C1 [Hauck, Cory] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Math Grp, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[McClarren, Ryan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Hauck, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Math Grp, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM hauckc@ornl.gov; rgm@tamu.edu
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research at the U.S. Department
of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory [De-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was sponsored by the Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research at the U.S. Department of Energy. This work began at
Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is managed by Los Alamos National
Security, LLC under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396, and was completed at the
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC
under contract De-AC05-00OR22725. The U.S. Government retains a
nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government
purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these
rights.
NR 74
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 5
BP 2603
EP 2626
DI 10.1137/090764918
PG 24
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 668TN
UT WOS:000283293500009
ER
PT J
AU Constantinescu, EM
Sandu, A
AF Constantinescu, Emil M.
Sandu, Adrian
TI OPTIMAL EXPLICIT STRONG-STABILITY-PRESERVING GENERAL LINEAR METHODS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE general linear methods; method of lines; strong-stability-preserving;
monotonicity
ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; TIME
DISCRETIZATION METHODS; ORDER; CONVERGENCE; MONOTONICITY; SCHEMES;
INTEGRATION
AB This paper constructs strong-stability-preserving general linear time-stepping methods that are well suited for hyperbolic PDEs discretized by the method of lines. These methods generalize both Runge-Kutta (RK) and linear multistep schemes. They have high stage orders and hence are less susceptible than RK methods to order reduction from source terms or nonhomogeneous boundary conditions. A global optimization strategy is used to find the most efficient schemes that have low storage requirements. Numerical results illustrate the theoretical findings.
C1 [Constantinescu, Emil M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sandu, Adrian] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Constantinescu, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM emconsta@mcs.anl.gov; asandu@cs.vt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CCF-0515170]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through award
NSF CCF-0515170. This work was created by the University of Chicago as
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357
with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U. S. Government retains a
nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government
purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these
rights.
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 5
BP 3130
EP 3150
DI 10.1137/090766206
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 668TN
UT WOS:000283293500028
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, M
Sahni, O
Devine, KD
Shephard, MS
Jansen, KE
AF Zhou, Min
Sahni, Onkar
Devine, Karen D.
Shephard, Mark S.
Jansen, Kenneth E.
TI CONTROLLING UNSTRUCTURED MESH PARTITIONS FOR MASSIVELY PARALLEL
SIMULATIONS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE partition improvement; graph/hypergraph; unstructured mesh; vertex
imbalance; element imbalance
ID PRESSURE; ARTERIES; GRAPHS; FLOW
AB Parallel simulations at extreme scale require that the mesh is distributed across a large number of processors with equal work load and minimum interpart communications. A number of algorithms have been developed to meet these goals, e.g., graph/hypergraph and coordinate-based methods. However, the global implementation of current approaches can fail on very large core counts, which is resolved by combining global and local partitioning using multiple parts per processor. The other limitation of graph/hypergraph-based partitioning is that it uses one type of mesh entity as graph nodes; thus, the balance of other mesh entities may not be optimal. In the case of three-dimensional (3-D) linear finite element analysis, it is common to select mesh regions (elements) as partition objects. In current examples, the regions are well balanced up to 163,840 parts for a 1.07 billion element mesh, while the vertices have an imbalance which is as high as 19.52%. Two methods are developed that work in conjunction with graph/hypergraph-based procedures to provide improved partitions. Example computations executed on an IBM Blue Gene/P system using up to 163,840 cores demonstrate the usefulness of the procedures, particularly for time-critical calculations where individual cores may be lightly loaded in terms of the number of mesh entities per core. The algorithms presented in this paper reduced the vertex imbalance from 17.8% to 4.97% for a partition with 131,072 parts and accelerated the equation solution phase of the finite element analysis by 10.4%.
C1 [Zhou, Min; Sahni, Onkar; Shephard, Mark S.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, SCOREC, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Devine, Karen D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Jansen, Kenneth E.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Zhou, M (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, SCOREC, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM zhoum@scorec.rpi.edu; osahni@scorec.rpi.edu; kddevin@sandia.gov;
shephard@scorec.rpi.edu; kenneth.jansen@colorado.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-06ER25769]; National Science
Foundation [0749152]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy
through the ITAPS Center for Enabling Technologies
FX Received by the editors July 16, 2009; accepted for publication (in
revised form) July 30, 2010; published electronically November 9, 2010.
This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under
grant DE-FC02-06ER25769 and in part by the National Science Foundation
under grant 0749152. Computing resources used were provided by the
Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory,
which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research also used
computing resources provided by support from NSF through TeraGrid
resources including systems at NICS. The solutions presented herein made
use of the linear algebra solution library provided by Acusim Software,
Inc., and meshing and geometric modeling libraries by Simmetrix, Inc.
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
Support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy SciDAC program
through the ITAPS Center for Enabling Technologies.
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 5
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3201
EP 3227
DI 10.1137/090777323
PG 27
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800003
ER
PT J
AU Long, K
Kirby, R
Waanders, BV
AF Long, Kevin
Kirby, Robert
Waanders, Bart Van Bloemen
TI UNIFIED EMBEDDED PARALLEL FINITE ELEMENT COMPUTATIONS VIA SOFTWARE-BASED
FRECHET DIFFERENTIATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE finite element method; partial differential equations; embedded
algorithms
ID VARIATIONAL FORMS; MATRICES; CODE; OPTIMIZATION; VERIFICATION;
GENERATION; TRANSFORMS; FLAME
AB Computational analysis of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) requires not only the calculation of a solution but the extraction of additional information such as the sensitivity of that solution with respect to input parameters or the inversion of the system in an optimization or design loop. Moving beyond the automation of discretization of PDEs by finite element methods, we present a mathematical framework that unifies the discretization of PDEs with these additional analysis requirements. In particular, Frechet differentiation on a class of functionals together with a high-performance finite element framework has led to a code, called Sundance, that provides high-level programming abstractions for the automatic, efficient evaluation of finite variational forms together with the derived operators required by engineering analysis.
C1 [Long, Kevin; Kirby, Robert] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Waanders, Bart Van Bloemen] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87122 USA.
RP Long, K (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM kevin.long@ttu.edu; robert.c.kirby@ttu.edu; bartv@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Applied Mathematics and Applications, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O.
Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87122 (bartv@sandia.gov). Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 43
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Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3323
EP 3351
DI 10.1137/09076920X
PG 29
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800008
ER
PT J
AU Grigori, L
Boman, EG
Donfack, S
Davis, TA
AF Grigori, Laura
Boman, Erik G.
Donfack, Simplice
Davis, Timothy A.
TI HYPERGRAPH-BASED UNSYMMETRIC NESTED DISSECTION ORDERING FOR SPARSE LU
FACTORIZATION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE sparse LU factorization; reordering techniques; hypergraph partitioning;
nested dissection
ID MATRIX-VECTOR MULTIPLICATION; LINEAR-SYSTEMS; DIRECT SOLVER; ALGORITHM;
ELIMINATION; QUALITY; FORM
AB In this paper we discuss a hypergraph-based unsymmetric nested dissection (HUND) ordering for reducing the fill-in incurred during Gaussian elimination. It has several important properties. It takes a global perspective of the entire matrix, as opposed to local heuristics. It takes into account the asymmetry of the input matrix by using a hypergraph to represent its structure. It is suitable for performing Gaussian elimination in parallel, with partial pivoting. This is possible because the row permutations performed due to partial pivoting do not destroy the column separators identified by the nested dissection approach. The hypergraph nested dissection approach is essentially equivalent to graph nested dissection on the matrix A(T) A, but we need only the original matrix A and never form the usually denser matrix A(T) A. The usage of hypergraphs in our approach is fairly standard, and HUND can be implemented by calling an existing hypergraph partitioner that uses recursive bisection. Our implementation uses local reordering constrained column approximate minimum degree (CCOLAMD) to further improve the ordering. We also explain how weighted matching (HSL routine MC64) can be used in this context. Experimental results on 27 medium and large size matrices with highly unsymmetric structures compare our approach to four other well-known reordering algorithms. The results show that it provides a robust reordering algorithm, in the sense that it is the best or close to the best (often within 10%) of all the other methods, in particular on matrices with highly unsymmetric structures.
C1 [Grigori, Laura; Donfack, Simplice] Univ Paris 11, INRIA Saclay Ile France, Lab Rech Informat, Paris, France.
[Boman, Erik G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Davis, Timothy A.] Univ Florida, CISE Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Grigori, L (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, INRIA Saclay Ile France, Lab Rech Informat, Paris, France.
EM laura.grigori@inria.fr; egboman@sandia.gov; sidonfack@gmail.com;
davis@cise.ufl.edu
RI Davis, Timothy/I-7248-2012
FU DIGITEO; Region Ile-de-France; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; United
States Department of Energy Office of Science through the CSCAPES SciDAC
Institute; National Science Foundation [0620286]
FX INRIA Saclay - Ile de France, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique
Universite Paris-Sud 11, France (laura.grigori@inria.fr,
sidonfack@gmail.com). The first and third author's work was supported by
an X-Scale-NL grant from DIGITEO and Region Ile-de-France.; Scalable
Algorithms Dept., Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
87185-1318. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department
of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000. This author's work was supported by the United States
Department of Energy Office of Science through the CSCAPES SciDAC
Institute (egboman@sandia.gov).; CISE Dept., University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611. This author's work was supported by the National
Science Foundation (0620286) (davis@cise.ufl.edu).
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 7
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3426
EP 3446
DI 10.1137/080720395
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800011
ER
PT J
AU Xu, J
Ostroumov, PN
Mustapha, B
Nolen, J
AF Xu, J.
Ostroumov, P. N.
Mustapha, B.
Nolen, J.
TI SCALABLE DIRECT VLASOV SOLVER WITH DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD ON
UNSTRUCTURED MESH
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Vlasov equation; discontinuous Galerkin method; hp-finite element
method; Poisson's equation; domain decomposition
ID FINITE-ELEMENT CODE; PHASE-SPACE; EQUATION; SIMULATION; SCHEME;
ALGORITHM; PLASMAS
AB This paper presents the development of parallel direct Vlasov solvers with discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for beam and plasma simulations in four dimensions. Both physical and velocity spaces are in two dimesions (2P2V) with unstructured mesh. Contrary to the standard particle-in-cell (PIC) approach for kinetic space plasma simulations, i.e., solving Vlasov-Maxwell equations, direct method has been used in this paper. There are several benefits to solving a Vlasov equation directly, such as avoiding noise associated with a finite number of particles and the capability to capture fine structure in the plasma. The most challanging part of a direct Vlasov solver comes from higher dimensions, as the computational cost increases as N-2d, where d is the dimension of the physical space. Recently, due to the fast development of supercomputers, the possibility has become more realistic. Many efforts have been made to solve Vlasov equations in low dimensions before; now more interest has focused on higher dimensions. Different numerical methods have been tried so far, such as the finite difference method, Fourier Spectral method, finite volume method, and spectral element method. This paper is based on our previous efforts to use the DG method. The DG method has been proven to be very successful in solving Maxwell equations, and this paper is our first effort in applying the DG method to Vlasov equations. DG has shown several advantages, such as local mass matrix, strong stability, and easy parallelization. These are particularly suitable for Vlasov equations. Domain decomposition in high dimensions has been used for parallelization; these include a highly scalable parallel two-dimensional Poisson solver. Benchmark results have been shown and simulation results will be reported.
C1 [Xu, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Xu, J.; Ostroumov, P. N.; Mustapha, B.; Nolen, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Xu, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM jin_xu@anl.gov; ostroumov@phy.anl.gov; mustapha@phy.anl.gov;
nolen@anl.gov
RI Xu, Jin/C-7751-2014
OI Xu, Jin/0000-0002-1147-7408
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Received by the editors March 17, 2010; accepted for publication (in
revised form) September 7, 2010; published electronically December 2,
2010. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Nuclear Physics, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3476
EP 3494
DI 10.1137/10078904X
PG 19
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800013
ER
PT J
AU Delzanno, GL
Finn, JM
AF Delzanno, G. L.
Finn, J. M.
TI GENERALIZED MONGE-KANTOROVICH OPTIMIZATION FOR GRID GENERATION AND
ADAPTATION IN L-p
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive grid generation; Monge-Ampere equation; Monge-Kantorovich
optimization; equidistribution; Newton Krylov; multigrid
preconditioning; moving meshes
ID DIMENSIONS; EQUATIONS; FLOWS; FLIP
AB The Monge-Kantorovich grid generation and adaptation scheme of [Delzanno et al., J. Comput. Phys., 227 (2008), pp. 9841-9864] is generalized from a variational principle based on L-2 to a variational principle based on L-p. A generalized Monge Ampere (MA) equation is derived and its properties are discussed. Results for p > 1 are obtained and compared in terms of the quality of the resulting grid and a measure of computational performance. We conclude that for the grid generation application, the formulation based on L-p for p close to unity can lead to serious problems associated with the boundary. On the other hand, p >> 2 also leads to worse quality grids and performance. Thus, it is concluded that p = 2 produces the best quality grids, particularly in terms of mean grid cell distortion. Furthermore, the Newton-Krylov methods used to solve the generalized MA equation perform best for p = 2.
C1 [Delzanno, G. L.; Finn, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Phys Grp T5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Delzanno, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Phys Grp T5, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM delzanno@lanl.gov; finn@lanl.gov
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) [DE-AC52-06NA25396];
Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL
FX Received by the editors February 13, 2009; accepted for publication (in
revised form) September 21, 2010; published electronically December 2,
2010. This research was performed under the auspices of the National
Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los
Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), operated by LANS LLC under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396. It was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research
and Development program at LANL.
NR 21
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3524
EP 3547
DI 10.1137/090749785
PG 24
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800015
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, P
Colella, P
Martin, DF
AF Sharma, Prateek
Colella, Phillip
Martin, Daniel F.
TI NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF STREAMING DOWN THE GRADIENT: APPLICATION TO
FLUID MODELING OF COSMIC RAYS AND SATURATED CONDUCTION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE implicit methods; finite differencing; monotonicity
ID ANISOTROPIC THERMAL CONDUCTION; ACCELERATION; CONVECTION; DIFFUSION;
CLUSTERS; SYSTEMS
AB The equation governing the streaming of a quantity down its gradient superficially looks similar to the simple constant velocity advection equation. In fact, it is the same as an advection equation if there are no local extrema in the computational domain or at the boundary. However, in general when there are local extrema in the computational domain, it is a nontrivial nonlinear equation. The standard upwind time evolution with a CFL-limited timestep results in spurious oscillations at the grid scale. These oscillations, which originate at the extrema, propagate throughout the computational domain and are undamped even at late times. These oscillations arise because of unphysically large fluxes leaving (entering) the maxima (minima) with the standard CFL-limited explicit methods. Regularization of the equation shows that it is diffusive at the extrema; because of this, an explicit method for the regularized equation with Delta t proportional to Delta x(2) behaves fine. We show that the implicit methods show stable and converging results with Delta t proportional to Delta x; however, surprisingly, even implicit methods are not stable with large enough timesteps. In addition to these subtleties in the numerical implementation, the solutions to the streaming equation are quite novel: nondifferentiable solutions emerge from initially smooth profiles; the solutions show transport over large length scales, e. g., in form of tails. The fluid model for cosmic rays interacting with a thermal plasma (valid at space scales much larger than the cosmic ray Larmor radius) and the equation of saturated conduction in a collisionless plasma are similar to the streaming equation, so our method will find applications in fluid modeling of important processes in plasma astrophysics.
C1 [Sharma, Prateek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sharma, Prateek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Colella, Phillip; Martin, Daniel F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sharma, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM psharma@astro.berkeley.edu; colella@hpcrdm.lbl.gov; dfmartin@lbl.gov
FU NASA [PF8-90054, NAS8-03060]; Chandra X-ray Center; U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Chandra Fellow, Theoretical Astrophysics Center and Astronomy
Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
(psharma@astro.berkeley.edu). This author was supported by NASA through
Chandra Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF8-90054 awarded by the
Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060.; Applied Numerical
Algorithms Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
94720 (colella@hpcrdm.lbl.gov, dfmartin@lbl.gov). These authors were
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 18
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Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 3564
EP 3583
DI 10.1137/100792135
PG 20
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 697WZ
UT WOS:000285551800017
ER
PT J
AU Sargsyan, K
Debusschere, B
Najm, H
Le Maitre, O
AF Sargsyan, Khachik
Debusschere, Bert
Najm, Habib
Le Maitre, Olivier
TI SPECTRAL REPRESENTATION AND REDUCED ORDER MODELING OF THE DYNAMICS OF
STOCHASTIC REACTION NETWORKS VIA ADAPTIVE DATA PARTITIONING
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE stochastic reaction networks; polynomial chaos; Karhunen-Loeve
decomposition; Rosenblatt transformation
ID COUPLED CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION;
DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; PROJECTION METHOD; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS;
FINITE-ELEMENTS; FLUID-FLOW; PROPAGATION; SYSTEMS; EXPANSIONS
AB Dynamical analysis tools are well established for deterministic models. However, for many biochemical phenomena in cells the molecule count is low, leading to stochastic behavior that causes deterministic macroscale reaction models to fail. The main mathematical framework representing these phenomena is based on jump Markov processes that model the underlying stochastic reaction network. Conventional dynamical analysis tools do not readily generalize to the stochastic setting due to nondifferentiability and absence of explicit state evolution equations. We developed a reduced order methodology for dynamical analysis that relies on the Karhunen-Loeve decomposition and polynomial chaos expansions. The methodology relies on adaptive data partitioning to obtain an accurate representation of the stochastic process, especially in the case of multimodal behavior. As a result, a mixture model is obtained that represents the reduced order dynamics of the system. The Schlogl model is used as a prototype bistable process that exhibits time scale separation and leads to multimodality in the reduced order model.
C1 [Sargsyan, Khachik; Debusschere, Bert; Najm, Habib] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Le Maitre, Olivier] Lab Informat Mecan & Sci Ingenieur, F-91403 Orsay, France.
RP Sargsyan, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave,MS 9051, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM ksargsy@sandia.gov; bjdebus@sandia.gov; hnnajm@sandia.gov; olm@limsi.fr
RI Le Maitre, Olivier/D-8570-2011
OI Le Maitre, Olivier/0000-0002-3811-7787
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [07-012783]
FX Received by the editors January 26, 2009; accepted for publication (in
revised form) October 15, 2009; published electronically January 8,
2010. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science through the Applied Mathematics program in the Office of
Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) under contract 07-012783
with Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC04-94-AL85000. This work was performed by an employee of the U. S.
Government or under U.S. Government contract. The U. S. Government
retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not
limited by these rights.
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 6
BP 4395
EP 4421
DI 10.1137/090747932
PG 27
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KY
UT WOS:000277836900002
ER
PT J
AU Constantinescu, EM
Sandu, A
AF Constantinescu, Emil M.
Sandu, Adrian
TI EXTRAPOLATED IMPLICIT-EXPLICIT TIME STEPPING
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE extrapolation methods; implicit-explicit methods; stiff problems;
differential algebraic systems; ordinary and partial differential
equations
ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; DIFFUSION-REACTION
EQUATIONS; LINEAR MULTISTEP METHODS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ALGEBRAIC
SYSTEMS; ERROR; SCHEMES; EXPANSIONS; TRANSPORT
AB This paper constructs extrapolated implicit-explicit time stepping methods that allow one to efficiently solve problems with both stiff and nonstiff components. The proposed methods are based on Euler steps and can provide very high order discretizations of ODEs, index-1 DAEs, and PDEs in the method-of-lines framework. Implicit-explicit schemes based on extrapolation are simple to construct, easy to implement, and straightforward to parallelize. This work establishes the existence of perturbed asymptotic expansions of global errors, explains the convergence orders of these methods, and studies their linear stability properties. Numerical results with stiff ODE, DAE, and PDE test problems confirm the theoretical findings and illustrate the potential of these methods to solve multiphysics multiscale problems.
C1 [Constantinescu, Emil M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sandu, Adrian] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Constantinescu, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM emconsta@mcs.anl.gov; asandu@cs.vt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [NSF CCF-0515170]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Received by the editors August 14, 2008; accepted for publication (in
revised form) November 2, 2009; published electronically January 15,
2010. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through
award NSF CCF-0515170. The submitted manuscript has been created by the
University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory
("Argonne") under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the U.S. Department of
Energy. The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license
to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or
allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Copyright is owned
by SIAM to the extent not limited by these rights.
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 6
BP 4452
EP 4477
DI 10.1137/080732833
PG 26
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KY
UT WOS:000277836900004
ER
PT J
AU Lee, B
AF Lee, B.
TI A NOVEL MULTIGRID METHOD FOR SN DISCRETIZATIONS OF THE MONO-ENERGETIC
BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT EQUATION IN THE OPTICALLY THICK AND THIN REGIMES
WITH ANISOTROPIC SCATTERING, PART I
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Boltzmann equation; transport; multigrid method; Sn discretizations;
anisotropic scattering
ID DIFFUSION SYNTHETIC ACCELERATION; SYSTEM LEAST-SQUARES
AB This paper presents a new multigrid method applied to the most common Sn discretizations (Petrov-Galerkin, diamond-differenced, corner-balanced, and discontinuous Galerkin) of the mono-energetic Boltzmann transport equation in the optically thick and thin regimes, and with strong anisotropic scattering. Unlike methods that use scalar DSA diffusion preconditioners for the source iteration, this multigrid method is applied directly to an integral equation for the scalar flux. Thus, unlike the former methods that apply a multigrid strategy to the scalar DSA diffusion operator, this method applies a multigrid strategy to the integral source iteration operator, which is an operator for 5 independent variables in spatial three dimensions (3-d), 3 in space and 2 in angle, and 4 independent variables in spatial 2-d (2 in space and 2 in angle). The core smoother of this multigrid method involves applications of the integral operator. Since the kernel of this integral operator involves the transport sweeps, applying this integral operator requires a transport sweep (an inversion of an upper triangular matrix) for each of the angles used. As the equation is in 5-space or 4-space, the multigrid approach in this paper coarsens in both angle and space, effecting efficient applications of the coarse integral operators. Although each V-cycle of this method is more expensive than a V-cycle for the DSA preconditioner, since the DSA equation does not have angular dependence, the overall computational efficiency is about the same for problems where DSA preconditioning is effective. This new method also appears to be more robust over all parameter regimes than DSA approaches. Moreover, this new method is applicable to a variety of Sn spatial discretizations, to problems involving a combination of optically thick and thin regimes, and more importantly, to problems with anisotropic scattering cross-sections, all of which DSA approaches perform poorly or are not applicable at all. This multigrid approach is most effective in neutron scattering applications, where the total cross-section coefficient sigma(t) and spatial meshsize h satisfy sigma(t)h approximate to 1. For this case, coarsening can be done aggressively. For problems with sigma(t)h approximate to 10, this multigrid scheme requires a moderately coarsened multiple-coarsening scheme. An even slow coarsening, an angle semicoarsening, is required for problems with sigma(t)h ranges between 100 and 1000, which occur in high-energy photon applications.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lee, B (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Barry.Lee@pnl.gov
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 6
BP 4744
EP 4773
DI 10.1137/080721480
PG 30
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KY
UT WOS:000277836900016
ER
PT J
AU Gatti-Bono, C
Colella, P
Trebotich, D
AF Gatti-Bono, Caroline
Colella, Phillip
Trebotich, David
TI A SECOND-ORDER ACCURATE CONSERVATIVE FRONT-TRACKING METHOD IN ONE
DIMENSION
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE front-tracking; finite-volume; Godunov method; multifluids
ID EMBEDDED BOUNDARY METHOD; LAWS; INTERFACES; DIFFUSION
AB This paper presents a conservative front-tracking method for shocks and contact discontinuities that is second-order accurate. It is based on a volume-of-fluid method that treats the moving front with concepts similar to those of an embedded-boundary method. Special care is taken in the centering of the data to ensure the right order of accuracy at the front, and a redistribution step guarantees conservation. A suite of test problems, for tracking both shocks and contact discontinuities, is presented that confirms that the method is second-order accurate.
C1 [Gatti-Bono, Caroline; Trebotich, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Colella, Phillip] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gatti-Bono, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM CSBono@lbl.gov; pcolella@lbl.gov; DPTrebotich@lbl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Received by the editors September 28, 2007; accepted for publication (in
revised form) November 2, 2009; published electronically February 3,
2010. This manuscript was authored by a contractor of the U.S.
Government under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was performed
under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The U.S.
Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do
so, for U.S. Government purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the
extent not limited by these rights.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 6
BP 4795
EP 4813
DI 10.1137/070704083
PG 19
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 598KY
UT WOS:000277836900018
ER
PT S
AU Dayeh, SA
Picraux, ST
AF Dayeh, S. A.
Picraux, S. T.
BE Harame, D
Ostling, M
Masini, G
Krishnamohan, T
Bedell, S
Reznicek, A
Boquet, J
Yeo, YC
Caymax, M
Tillack, B
Miyazaki, S
Koester, S
TI Axial Ge/Si Nanowire Heterostructure Tunnel FETs
SO SIGE, GE, AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 4: MATERIALS, PROCESSING, AND DEVICES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th SiGe, Ge, and Related Compounds - Materials, Processing and Devices
Symposium held at the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 10-15, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Electrochem Soc (ECS), Elect & Photon Div, Matheson Tri-Gas, Appl Mat, ASM, AIXTRON, Centrotherm, Intel, Luxtera, Voltaix, Praxair Elect, IBM
ID GROWTH
AB The vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of semiconductor nanowires allows doping and composition modulation along their axis and the realization of axial 1D heterostructures. This provides additional flexibility in energy band-edge engineering along the transport direction which is difficult to attain by planar materials growth and processing techniques. We report here on the design, growth, fabrication, and characterization of asymmetric heterostructure tunnel field-effect transistors (HTFETs) based on 100 % compositionally modulated Si/Ge axial NWs for high on-current operation and low ambipolar transport behavior. We discuss the optimization of band-offsets and Schottky barrier heights for high performance HTFETs and issues surrounding their experimental realization. Our HTFET devices with 10 nm PECVD SiNx gate dielectric resulted in a measured current drive exceeding 100 mu A/mu m (I/pi D) and 10(5) I-on/I-off ratios.
C1 [Dayeh, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dayeh, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-175-5
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 6
BP 373
EP 378
DI 10.1149/1.3487568
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Physics
GA BDU70
UT WOS:000314957600039
ER
PT S
AU Dayeh, SA
Picraux, ST
AF Dayeh, S. A.
Picraux, S. T.
BE Harame, D
Ostling, M
Masini, G
Krishnamohan, T
Bedell, S
Reznicek, A
Boquet, J
Yeo, YC
Caymax, M
Tillack, B
Miyazaki, S
Koester, S
TI Ge/Si Core/Multi-shell Heterostructure FETs
SO SIGE, GE, AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 4: MATERIALS, PROCESSING, AND DEVICES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th SiGe, Ge, and Related Compounds - Materials, Processing and Devices
Symposium held at the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 10-15, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Electrochem Soc (ECS), Elect & Photon Div, Matheson Tri-Gas, Appl Mat, ASM, AIXTRON, Centrotherm, Intel, Luxtera, Voltaix, Praxair Elect, IBM
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; NANOWIRE HETEROSTRUCTURES
AB Concentric heterostructured materials provide numerous design opportunities for engineering strain and interfaces, as well as tailoring energy band-edge combinations for optimal device performance. Key to the realization of such novel device concepts is the complete understanding and full control over their growth, crystal structure, and hetero-epitaxy. We report here on a new route for synthesizing Ge/Si core/multi-shell heterostructure nanowires that eliminate Au seed diffusion on the nanowire sidewalls by engineering the interface energy density difference. We show that such control over core/shell synthesis enable experimental realization of heterostructure FET devices beyond those available in the literature with enhanced transport characteristics. We provide a side-by-side comparison on the transport properties of Ge/Si core/multi-shell nanowires grown with and without Au diffusion and demonstrate heterostructure FETs with drive currents that are similar to 2X higher than record results for p-type FETs.
C1 [Dayeh, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dayeh, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-175-5
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 6
BP 681
EP 686
DI 10.1149/1.3487598
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Physics
GA BDU70
UT WOS:000314957600069
ER
PT J
AU Seyller, T
Bostwick, A
Emtsev, KV
Horn, K
Ley, L
McChesney, JL
Ohta, T
Riley, JD
Rotenberg, E
Speck, F
AF Seyller, Th.
Bostwick, A.
Emtsev, K. V.
Horn, K.
Ley, L.
McChesney, J. L.
Ohta, T.
Riley, J. D.
Rotenberg, E.
Speck, F.
BE Friedrichs, P
Kimoto, T
Ley, L
Pensl, G
TI Epitaxial graphene: a new material
SO SILICON CARBIDE, VOL 1: GROWTH, DEFECTS, AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; HEXAGONAL SIC-SURFACES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES;
BILAYER GRAPHENE; HETEROEPITAXIAL GRAPHITE; INTERFACE FORMATION;
SUSPENDED GRAPHENE; SILICON-CARBIDE; BAND-STRUCTURE; BERRYS PHASE
C1 [Seyller, Th.; Ley, L.; Speck, F.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Tech Phys, Inst Phys Kondensierten Mat, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Bostwick, A.; McChesney, J. L.; Rotenberg, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source EO, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Emtsev, K. V.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Horn, K.] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Dept Mol Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
[Ohta, T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Riley, J. D.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Phys, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia.
RP Seyller, T (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Tech Phys, Inst Phys Kondensierten Mat, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
NR 108
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
BN 978-3-527-40953-2
PY 2010
BP 453
EP 472
PG 20
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BA6KN
UT WOS:000337169200019
ER
PT S
AU Ozik, J
North, M
AF Ozik, Jonathan
North, Michael
BE Takadama, K
CioffiRevilla, C
Deffuant, G
TI Modeling Endogenous Coordination Using a Dynamic Language
SO SIMULATING INTERACTING AGENTS AND SOCIAL PHENOMENA: THE SECOND WORLD
CONGRESS
SE Springer Series on Agent Based Social Systems
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd World Congress on Social Simulation
CY JUL 14-17, 2008
CL George Mason Univ, Washington, DC
SP Pacific Area Assoc Agent Based Social Syst Sci, European Social Simulat Assoc, N Amer Assoc Comp Social & Org Sci
HO George Mason Univ
DE Dynamic language; Endogenous; Coordination; Emergence; Agent-based
modeling
AB Dynamic languages are computer languages that allow programs to substantially restructure themselves while they are running. Interest in these kinds of programming languages has dramatically increased in the last few years. This paper builds on previous work by exploring the use of a popular dynamic language, namely Groovy, within the Repast Simphony (Repast S) platform. This language is applied to modeling the endogenous emergence of coordination within a group of social agents. This paper introduces the Endogenous Emergence of Coordination (EndEC) model. It then highlights many of the features in Groovy that were found to be particularly helpful during model implementation. This demonstrates the powerful and flexible capabilities that a dynamic language can bring to the creation of agent-based models. What is particularly exciting is the potential for creating truly dynamic and evolving open-ended simulations, where the simulation fundamentally changes as it executes.
C1 [Ozik, Jonathan; North, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Ozik, Jonathan; North, Michael] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Ozik, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ozik@anl.gov; north@anl.gov
FU UChicago Argonne, under US Department of Energy [DE-AC-02- 06CH11357]
FX We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers who offered helpful
comments and suggestions. UChicago Argonne, under US Department of
Energy contract DE-AC-02- 06CH11357 supported this work
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 37-3, HONGO 3-CHOME BONKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113, JAPAN
SN 1861-0803
BN 978-4-431-99780-1
J9 SPRINGER SER AGENT B
PY 2010
VL 7
BP 265
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-4-431-99781-8_19
PG 2
WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Social Sciences,
Interdisciplinary
SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA BVQ97
UT WOS:000292494100019
ER
PT S
AU Liu, YS
Luo, YH
Baker, JO
Zeng, YN
Himmel, ME
Smith, S
Ding, SY
AF Liu, Yu-San
Luo, Yonghua
Baker, John O.
Zeng, Yining
Himmel, Michael E.
Smith, Steve
Ding, Shi-You
BE Enderlein, J
Grycznski, ZK
Erdmann, R
TI A single molecule study of cellulase hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose
SO SINGLE MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Single Molecule Spectroscopy and Imaging III
CY JAN 23-25, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Single molecule spectroscopy; AFM; TIRF; cellulose; carbohydrate-binding
module (CBM); Cellobiohydrolase (CBH I)
ID BINDING; MICROFIBRILS; BACTERIAL
AB Cellobiohydrolase-I (CBH I), a processive exoglucanase secreted by Trichoderma reesei, is one of the key enzyme components in a commercial cellulase mixture currently used for processing biomass to biofuels. CBH I contains a family 7 glycoside hydrolase catalytic module, a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM), and a highly-glycosylated linker peptide. It has been proposed that the CBH I cellulase initiates the hydrolysis from the reducing end of one cellulose chain and successively cleaves alternate beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds to release cellobiose as its principal end product. The role each module of CBH I plays in the processive hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose has yet to be convincingly elucidated. In this report, we use a single-molecule approach that combines optical (Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence microscopy, or TIRF-M) and non-optical (Atomic Force Microscopy, or AFM) imaging techniques to analyze the molecular motion of CBM tagged with green fluorescence protein (GFP), and to investigate the surface structure of crystalline cellulose and changes made in the structure by CBM and CBH I. The preliminary results have revealed a confined nanometer-scale movement of the TrCBM1-GFP bound to cellulose, and decreases in cellulose crystal size as well as increases in surface roughness during CBH I hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose.
C1 [Liu, Yu-San; Luo, Yonghua; Baker, John O.; Zeng, Yining; Himmel, Michael E.; Ding, Shi-You] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Liu, YS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM shi.you.ding@nrel.gov
RI Luo, Y/H-6294-2012
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7967-9
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7571
AR 757103
DI 10.1117/12.840975
PG 8
WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy
GA BSG14
UT WOS:000284353600001
ER
PT S
AU Xu, ZH
Cotlet, M
AF Xu, Zhihua
Cotlet, Mircea
BE Enderlein, J
Grycznski, ZK
Erdmann, R
TI Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy studies of photo-induced
electron transfer between CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and fullerene
SO SINGLE MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Single Molecule Spectroscopy and Imaging III
CY JAN 23-25, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE quantum dots; photoinduced electron transfer; fullerene; single molecule
spectroscopy; fluorescence lifetime
ID SOLAR-CELLS; COMPLEXES; DYNAMICS; FILMS
AB Photo-induced electron transfer in CdSe/ZnS semiconductor quantum dot-fullerene conjugates was investigated by single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. The average rate for photoinduced electron transfer is estimated around 10(8)s(-1). Quenching by electron transfer is observed in the "on" state and it manifests both as reduced fluorescence intensity and as shortening in fluorescence lifetime. As a result, the electron transfer changes the on/off dynamics of the fluorescence intensity of individual quantum dots.
C1 [Xu, Zhihua; Cotlet, Mircea] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Xu, ZH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM cotlet@bnl.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7967-9
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7571
AR 75710M
DI 10.1117/12.845922
PG 8
WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy
GA BSG14
UT WOS:000284353600011
ER
PT B
AU DiAntonio, CB
Ewsuk, KG
AF DiAntonio, C. B.
Ewsuk, K. G.
BE Fang, ZZ
TI Master sintering curve and its application in sintering of electronic
ceramics
SO SINTERING OF ADVANCED MATERIALS: FUNDAMENTALS AND PROCESSES
SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE master sintering curve; electroceramic; sintering; densification
ID CRADA DEVELOPS MODEL; DIE DESIGN; DIFFUSION; DIAGRAMS; SURFACE
AB The ability to optimize and tailor the properties of an electroceramic is one of the most challenging capabilities that an electroceramist must develop. Due to the fact that such a strong link exists between the microstructure of an electroceramic and its macroscopic electrical properties, significant efforts need to be made to control the factors and parameters that influence the characteristics of the microstructure. This chapter discusses the construction, utilization, and implementation of master sintering curves as specifically applied to electroceramics. The findings presented here demonstrate that a systematic approach to design, predict and control sintering of electroceramic systems is possible through the implementation of the master sintering curve.
C1 [DiAntonio, C. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Adv Prototyping S&T, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP DiAntonio, CB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Adv Prototyping S&T, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM cbdiant@sandia.gov; kgewsuk@sandia.gov
NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84569-562-0
J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER
PY 2010
BP 130
EP 161
D2 10.1533/9781845699949
PG 32
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BVH17
UT WOS:000291544900007
ER
PT S
AU Albright, BJ
Yin, L
Hegelich, BM
Bowers, KJ
Huang, C
Henig, A
Fernandez, JC
Flippo, KA
Gaillard, SA
Kwan, TJT
Yan, XQ
Tajima, T
Habs, D
AF Albright, B. J.
Yin, L.
Hegelich, B. M.
Bowers, K. J.
Huang, C.
Henig, A.
Fernandez, J. C.
Flippo, K. A.
Gaillard, S. A.
Kwan, T. J. T.
Yan, X. Q.
Tajima, T.
Habs, D.
GP IFSA
TI Ultraintense laser interaction with nanoscale targets: a simple model
for layer expansion and ion acceleration
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID PROTON-BEAMS; FAST IGNITION
AB A simple model has been derived for expansion of a thin (up to 100s of nm thickness) target initially of solid density irradiated by an ultraintense laser. In this regime, ion acceleration mechanisms, such as the Break-Out Afterburner (BOA) [1], emerge with the potential for dramatically improved energy, efficiency, and energy spread. Ion beams have been proposed [2] as drivers for fast ignition inertial confinement fusion [3]. Analysis of kinetic simulations of the BOA shows the period of enhanced acceleration occurs between times t(1), when the target becomes relativistically transparent to the laser, and t(2), when the target becomes classically underdense and the enhanced acceleration terminates. A simple model for target expansion has been derived that contains early, one-dimensional (1D) expansion of the target and three-dimensional (3D) expansion at late times. The model assumes expansion is slab-like at the instantaneous ion sound speed and requires as input target composition, laser intensity, laser spot area, and the efficiency of laser absorption into electron thermal energy.
C1 [Albright, B. J.; Yin, L.; Hegelich, B. M.; Bowers, K. J.; Huang, C.; Fernandez, J. C.; Flippo, K. A.; Gaillard, S. A.; Kwan, T. J. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Albright, BJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM balbright@lanl.gov
RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; Hegelich, Bjorn/J-2689-2013; Flippo,
Kirk/C-6872-2009;
OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Flippo, Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141;
Albright, Brian/0000-0002-7789-6525; Huang,
Chengkun/0000-0002-3176-8042; Yin, Lin/0000-0002-8978-5320
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 042022
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042022
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000172
ER
PT S
AU Barnard, JJ
Armijo, J
Bieniosek, FM
Friedman, A
Hay, M
Henestroza, E
Logan, BG
More, RM
Ni, PA
Perkins, LJ
Ng, SF
Wurtele, JS
Yu, SS
Zylstra, AB
AF Barnard, J. J.
Armijo, J.
Bieniosek, F. M.
Friedman, A.
Hay, M.
Henestroza, E.
Logan, B. G.
More, R. M.
Ni, P. A.
Perkins, L. J.
Ng, S-F.
Wurtele, J. S.
Yu, S. S.
Zylstra, A. B.
GP IFSA
TI Simulations for experimental study of warm dense matter and inertial
fusion energy applications on NDCX-II
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment II (NDCX II) is an induction accelerator planned for initial commissioning in 2012. The final design calls for a similar to 3 MeV, similar to 30 A Li+ ion beam, delivered in a bunch with characteristic pulse duration of 1 ns, and transverse dimension of order 1 mm. The purpose of NDCX II is to carry out experimental studies of material in the warm dense matter regime, and ion beam/hydrodynamic coupling experiments relevant to heavy ion based inertial fusion energy. In preparation for this new machine, we have carried out hydrodynamic simulations of ion-beam-heated, metallic solid targets, connecting quantities related to observables, such as brightness temperature and expansion velocity at the critical frequency, with the simulated fluid density, temperature, and velocity. We examine how these quantities depend on two commonly used equations of state.
C1 [Barnard, J. J.; Friedman, A.; Perkins, L. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Barnard, JJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM jjbarnard@llnl.gov
RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016
OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032027
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032027
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000116
ER
PT S
AU Bayramian, AJ
Campbell, RW
Ebbers, CA
Freitas, BL
Latkowski, J
Molander, WA
Sutton, SB
Telford, S
Caird, JA
AF Bayramian, A. J.
Campbell, R. W.
Ebbers, C. A.
Freitas, B. L.
Latkowski, J.
Molander, W. A.
Sutton, S. B.
Telford, S.
Caird, J. A.
GP IFSA
TI A Laser Technology Test Facility for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE)
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID COOLED LASER; POWER
AB A LIFE laser driver needs to be designed and operated which meets the rigorous requirements of the NIF laser system while operating at high average power, and operate for a lifetime of >30 years. Ignition on NIF will serve to demonstrate laser driver functionality, operation of the Mercury laser system at LLNL demonstrates the ability of a diode-pumped solid-state laser to run at high average power, but the operational lifetime >30 yrs remains to be proven. A Laser Technology test Facility (LTF) has been designed to specifically address this issue. The LTF is a 100-Hz diode-pumped solid-state laser system intended for accelerated testing of the diodes, gain media, optics, frequency converters and final optics, providing system statistics for billion shot class tests. These statistics will be utilized for material and technology development as well as economic and reliability models for LIFE laser drivers.
C1 [Bayramian, A. J.; Campbell, R. W.; Ebbers, C. A.; Freitas, B. L.; Latkowski, J.; Molander, W. A.; Sutton, S. B.; Telford, S.; Caird, J. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Bayramian, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM bayramian1@llnl.gov
NR 5
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032016
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032016
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000105
ER
PT S
AU Bieniosek, FM
Barnard, JJ
Friedman, A
Henestroza, E
Jung, JY
Leitner, MA
Lidia, S
Logan, BG
More, RM
Ni, PA
Roy, PK
Seidl, PA
Waldron, WL
AF Bieniosek, F. M.
Barnard, J. J.
Friedman, A.
Henestroza, E.
Jung, J. Y.
Leitner, M. A.
Lidia, S.
Logan, B. G.
More, R. M.
Ni, P. A.
Roy, P. K.
Seidl, P. A.
Waldron, W. L.
GP IFSA
TI Ion-beam-driven warm dense matter experiments
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB As a technique for heating matter to high energy density, intense beams of heavy ions are capable of delivering precise and uniform beam energy deposition to a relatively large sample. The US heavy ion fusion science program has developed techniques for heating and diagnosing warm dense matter (WDM) targets. We have developed a WDM target chamber and a suite of target diagnostics including a fast multi-channel optical pyrometer, optical streak camera, VISAR, and high-speed gated cameras. Initial WDM experiments heat targets by both the compressed and uncompressed parts of the NDCX-I beam, and explore measurement of temperature, droplet formation and other target parameters. Continued improvements in beam tuning, bunch compression, and other upgrades are expected to yield higher temperature and pressure in the WDM targets. Future experiments are planned in areas such as dense electronegative targets, porous target homogenization and two-phase equation of state.
C1 [Bieniosek, F. M.; Henestroza, E.; Jung, J. Y.; Leitner, M. A.; Lidia, S.; Logan, B. G.; More, R. M.; Ni, P. A.; Roy, P. K.; Seidl, P. A.; Waldron, W. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Barnard, J. J.; Friedman, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Bieniosek, FM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM fmbieniosek@lbl.gov
NR 5
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032028
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032028
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000117
ER
PT S
AU Brown, CG
Bond, E
Clancy, T
Dangi, S
Eder, DC
Ferguson, W
Kimbrough, J
Throop, A
AF Brown, C. G., Jr.
Bond, E.
Clancy, T.
Dangi, S.
Eder, D. C.
Ferguson, W.
Kimbrough, J.
Throop, A.
GP IFSA
TI Assessment and Mitigation of Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Impacts at
Short-pulse Laser Facilities
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) will be impacted by electromagnetic pulse (EMP) during normal long-pulse operation, but the largest impacts are expected during short-pulse operation utilizing the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC). Without mitigation these impacts could range from data corruption to hardware damage. We describe our EMP measurement systems on Titan and NIF and present some preliminary results and thoughts on mitigation.
C1 [Brown, C. G., Jr.; Bond, E.; Clancy, T.; Dangi, S.; Eder, D. C.; Ferguson, W.; Kimbrough, J.; Throop, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Brown, CG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM brown207@llnl.gov
OI Bond, Essex/0000-0003-4852-6100
NR 5
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032001
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032001
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000090
ER
PT S
AU Clark, DS
Haan, SW
Hammel, BA
Salmonson, JD
Callahan, DA
Town, RPJ
AF Clark, Daniel S.
Haan, Steven W.
Hammel, Bruce A.
Salmonson, Jay D.
Callahan, Debra A.
Town, Richard P. J.
GP IFSA
TI Plastic ablator ignition capsule design for the National Ignition
Facility
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB This paper describes current efforts to develop a plastic ablator capsule design for the first ignition attempt on the National Ignition Facility. The trade-offs in capsule scale and laser energy that must be made to achieve ignition probabilities comparable to those with other candidate ablators, beryllium and high-density carbon, are emphasized. Large numbers of 1-D simulations, meant to assess the statistical behavior of the target design, as well as 2-D simulations to assess the target's susceptibility to Rayleigh-Taylor growth are discussed.
C1 [Clark, Daniel S.; Haan, Steven W.; Hammel, Bruce A.; Salmonson, Jay D.; Callahan, Debra A.; Town, Richard P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Clark, DS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM clark90@llnl.gov
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022010
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022010
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000020
ER
PT S
AU Crane, JK
Tietbohl, G
Arnold, P
Bliss, ES
Boley, C
Britten, G
Brunton, G
Clark, W
Dawson, JW
Fochs, S
Hackel, R
Haefner, C
Halpin, J
Heebner, J
Henesian, M
Hermann, M
Hernandez, J
Kanz, V
McHale, B
McLeod, JB
Nguyen, H
Phan, H
Rushford, M
Shaw, B
Shverdin, M
Sigurdsson, R
Speck, R
Stolz, C
Trummer, D
Wolfe, J
Wong, JN
Siders, GC
Barty, CPJ
AF Crane, J. K.
Tietbohl, G.
Arnold, P.
Bliss, E. S.
Boley, C.
Britten, G.
Brunton, G.
Clark, W.
Dawson, J. W.
Fochs, S.
Hackel, R.
Haefner, C.
Halpin, J.
Heebner, J.
Henesian, M.
Hermann, M.
Hernandez, J.
Kanz, V.
McHale, B.
McLeod, J. B.
Nguyen, H.
Phan, H.
Rushford, M.
Shaw, B.
Shverdin, M.
Sigurdsson, R.
Speck, R.
Stolz, C.
Trummer, D.
Wolfe, J.
Wong, J. N.
Siders, G. C.
Barty, C. P. J.
GP IFSA
TI Progress on Converting a NIF Quad to Eight, Petawatt Beams for Advanced
Radiography
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID HIGH-ENERGY; LASER; PULSES
AB We are converting a quad of NIF beamlines into eight, short-pulse (1-50 ps), petawatt-class beams for advanced radiography and fast ignition experiments. This paper describes progress toward completing this project.
C1 [Crane, J. K.; Tietbohl, G.; Arnold, P.; Bliss, E. S.; Boley, C.; Britten, G.; Brunton, G.; Clark, W.; Dawson, J. W.; Fochs, S.; Hackel, R.; Haefner, C.; Halpin, J.; Heebner, J.; Henesian, M.; Hermann, M.; Hernandez, J.; Kanz, V.; McHale, B.; McLeod, J. B.; Nguyen, H.; Phan, H.; Rushford, M.; Shaw, B.; Shverdin, M.; Sigurdsson, R.; Speck, R.; Stolz, C.; Trummer, D.; Wolfe, J.; Wong, J. N.; Siders, G. C.; Barty, C. P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Crane, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM crane1@llnl.gov
RI Heebner, John/C-2411-2009
NR 9
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032003
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032003
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000092
ER
PT S
AU Delamater, ND
Wilson, DC
Kyrala, GA
Seifter, A
Hoffman, NM
AF Delamater, N. D.
Wilson, D. C.
Kyrala, G. A.
Seifter, A.
Hoffman, N. M.
GP IFSA
TI Sensitivity of Capsule Implosion Symmetry due to Laser Beam Imbalance in
a Scale 0.2 Hot Hohlraum at OMEGA
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Results are shown from recent experiments at the Omega laser facility, using 40 Omega beams driving the hohlraum with 3 cones from each side and up to 19.5 kJ of laser energy. Beam phasing is achieved by decreasing the energy separately in each of the three cones, by 3 kJ, for a total drive energy of 16.5 kJ. This results in a more asymmetric drive, which will vary the shape of the imploded symmetry capsule core from round to oblate or prolate in a systematic and controlled manner. These results show the sensitivity of capsule implosion symmetry for implosions in "high temperature" (275 eV) hohlraums at Omega. Dante measurements confirmed the predicted peak drive temperatures of 275 eV. Implosion core time dependent x-ray images were obtained from framing camera data which show the expected change in symmetry due to beam imbalance and which also agree well with post processed hydro code calculations.
C1 [Delamater, N. D.; Wilson, D. C.; Kyrala, G. A.; Seifter, A.; Hoffman, N. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Delamater, ND (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS-T085, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ndd@lanl.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032043
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032043
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000132
ER
PT S
AU Dewald, EL
Suter, LJ
Thomas, C
Hunter, S
Meeker, D
Meezan, N
Glenzer, SH
Bond, E
Kline, J
Dixit, S
Kauffman, RL
Kilkenny, J
Landen, OL
AF Dewald, E. L.
Suter, L. J.
Thomas, C.
Hunter, S.
Meeker, D.
Meezan, N.
Glenzer, S. H.
Bond, E.
Kline, J.
Dixit, S.
Kauffman, R. L.
Kilkenny, J.
Landen, O. L.
GP IFSA
TI First hot electron measurements in near-ignition scale hohlraums on the
National Ignition Facility
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID TARGETS; NIF
AB On the National Ignition Facility (NIF), the hot electrons generated in laser heated hohlraums are inferred from the >20 keV bremsstrahlung emission measured with the FFLEX broadband spectrometer. New high energy (>200 keV) time resolved channels were added to meet requirements for ignition and to infer the generated >170 keV hot electrons that can cause ignition capsule preheat. First hot electron measurements in near ignition scaled hohlraums heated by 96-192 NIF laser beams are presented.
C1 [Dewald, E. L.; Suter, L. J.; Thomas, C.; Hunter, S.; Meeker, D.; Meezan, N.; Glenzer, S. H.; Bond, E.; Dixit, S.; Kauffman, R. L.; Landen, O. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Dewald, EL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM dewald3@llnl.gov
OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022074
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022074
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000084
ER
PT S
AU Doppner, T
Fortmann, C
Davis, PF
Kritcher, AL
Landen, OL
Lee, HJ
Redmer, R
Regan, SP
Glenzer, SH
AF Doeppner, T.
Fortmann, C.
Davis, P. F.
Kritcher, A. L.
Landen, O. L.
Lee, H. J.
Redmer, R.
Regan, S. P.
Glenzer, S. H.
GP IFSA
TI X-ray Thomson Scattering for measuring Dense Beryllium Plasma
Collisionality
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB We are developing a target platform that utilizes short-pulse (10 ps) generated hot electrons (similar to 200 keV) to isochorically heat solid density beryllium up to temperatures of several 10 eV. We use x-ray Thomson scattering to characterize the plasma conditions. X-rays from a Cl Ly-ff line source at 2.96 keV are scattered off the plasma in forward direction where the inelastically scattered signal is sensitive to plasma oscillations. Besides Landau-damping the strong energy down-shifted plasmon signal is also broadened by electron-ion collisions which, in turn, allows to infer the collision rate and thus the conductivity in these plasmas. A precise knowledge of the collisionality in the parameter regime we are aiming at with these experiments is important to correctly model the conditions encountered during capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility.
C1 [Doeppner, T.; Fortmann, C.; Kritcher, A. L.; Landen, O. L.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Doppner, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM doeppner1@llnl.gov
RI Redmer, Ronald/F-3046-2013
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032044
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032044
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000133
ER
PT S
AU Fisher, AC
Bailey, DS
Kaiser, TB
Gunney, BTN
Masters, ND
Koniges, AE
Eder, DC
Anderson, RW
AF Fisher, A. C.
Bailey, D. S.
Kaiser, T. B.
Gunney, B. T. N.
Masters, N. D.
Koniges, A. E.
Eder, D. C.
Anderson, R. W.
GP IFSA
TI Modeling Heat Conduction and Radiation Transport with the Diffusion
Equation in NIF ALE-AMR
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID HYDRODYNAMIC CODES
AB The ALE-AMR code developed for NIF is a multi-material hydro-code that models target assembly fragmentation in the aftermath of a shot. The combination of ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) hydro with AMR (Adaptive Mesh Refinement) allows the code to model a wide range of physical conditions and spatial scales. The large range of temperatures encountered in the NIF target chamber can lead to significant fluxes of energy due to thermal conduction and radiative transport. These physical effects can be modeled approximately with the aid of the diffusion equation. We present a novel method for the solution of the diffusion equation on a composite mesh in order to capture these physical effects.
C1 [Fisher, A. C.; Bailey, D. S.; Kaiser, T. B.; Gunney, B. T. N.; Masters, N. D.; Eder, D. C.; Anderson, R. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Fisher, AC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM fisher47@llnl.gov
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022075
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022075
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000085
ER
PT S
AU Flippo, K
Bartal, T
Beg, F
Chawla, S
Cobble, J
Gaillard, S
Hey, D
MacKinnon, A
MacPhee, A
Nilson, P
Offermann, D
Le Pape, S
Schmitt, MJ
AF Flippo, Kirk
Bartal, Teresa
Beg, Farhat
Chawla, Sugreev
Cobble, Jim
Gaillard, Sandrine
Hey, Daniel
MacKinnon, Andrew
MacPhee, Andrew
Nilson, Phillip
Offermann, Dustin
Le Pape, Sebastien
Schmitt, Mark J.
GP IFSA
TI Omega EP, Laser Scalings and the 60 MeV Barrier: First Observations of
Ion Acceleration Performance in the 10 Picosecond Kilojoule Short-Pulse
Regime
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID PETAWATT-LASER; SOLID INTERACTIONS; PROTON PRODUCTION; DRIVEN; PLASMA;
GENERATION; TRANSPORT; BEAMS
AB Omega EP is capable of producing 1000 J in 10 ps and is currently the most energetic short-pulse laser in the world. The performance of EP in terms of proton beam energies is compared with other laser systems worldwide at similar intensities. Omega EP results are discussed in the context of these lasers and the empirical similar to 60 MeV barrier, which has existed since the discovery of forward laser-accelerated protons in 2000 [1-2].
C1 [Flippo, Kirk; Cobble, Jim; Gaillard, Sandrine; Offermann, Dustin; Schmitt, Mark J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Flippo, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM kflippo@lanl.gov
RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Flippo, Kirk/C-6872-2009;
OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Flippo, Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141;
Offermann, Dustin/0000-0002-6033-4905; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180
NR 20
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022033
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022033
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000043
ER
PT S
AU Goldman, SR
Kyrala, GA
Dodd, ES
Grondalski, JP
Hoffman, NM
Rose, HA
Seifter, A
AF Goldman, S. R.
Kyrala, G. A.
Dodd, E. S.
Grondalski, J. P.
Hoffman, N. M.
Rose, H. A.
Seifter, A.
GP IFSA
TI On a statistical scattering model to explain capsule implosion asymmetry
in vacuum hohlraums with radiation temperatures of order 100eV
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB We apply a statistical scattering model of laser ray propagation to obtain improved agreement with measurements for capsule emission symmetry in one of three sets of experiments. Linearized post-processing of the simulations foramplification of a variety of plasma instabilities, coupled with an accounting for intensity seed perturbations in the laser beams suggests that thermal filamentation can cause the density fluctuations. Although this mechanism does not appear to be significant in the remaining two series, its identification adds to the knowledge base in the use of symmetry capsules to measure hohlraum drive asymmetry.
C1 [Goldman, S. R.; Kyrala, G. A.; Dodd, E. S.; Grondalski, J. P.; Hoffman, N. M.; Rose, H. A.; Seifter, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Goldman, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM srg@lanl.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022076
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022076
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000086
ER
PT S
AU Grim, GP
Archuleta, TN
Bradley, PA
Fowler, MM
Hayes, AC
Jungman, G
Obst, AW
Rundberg, RS
Vieira, DJ
Wang, YQ
Wilhelmy, JB
AF Grim, G. P.
Archuleta, T. N.
Bradley, P. A.
Fowler, M. M.
Hayes, A. C.
Jungman, G.
Obst, A. W.
Rundberg, R. S.
Vieira, D. J.
Wang, Y. Q.
Wilhelmy, J. B.
GP IFSA
TI Target debris collection studies for inertial confinement fusion (ICF)
experiments
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID RADIOCHEMISTRY; LASER
AB At the recently completed National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the initial set of diagnostics to be deployed are focused on measuring neutrons and gamma's generated by d(t,n)alpha reactions in the imploded capsule. Although valuable for under standing pre-ignition experiments, this abbreviated diagnostic suite provides an incomplete picture of the plasma conditions obtained. Prompt radio chemical techniques, based on induced neutron and charged particle reactions within the imploded target, provide a novel and interesting new perspective. To enable these techniques requires the collection and assay of activated target material. In Nov. 2008, experiments were performed using the Omega Laser at the University of Rochester to study the efficiency of collecting debris from directly driven targets. Results from these experiments indicate that target debris was successfully collected, and the debris thermalization and transport scheme enhanced the debris collection upto 347% over direct collection.
C1 [Grim, G. P.; Archuleta, T. N.; Bradley, P. A.; Fowler, M. M.; Hayes, A. C.; Jungman, G.; Obst, A. W.; Rundberg, R. S.; Vieira, D. J.; Wang, Y. Q.; Wilhelmy, J. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Grim, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM gpgrim@lanl.gov
OI Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032046
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032046
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000135
ER
PT S
AU Haefner, C
Heebner, JE
Dawson, J
Fochs, S
Shverdin, M
Crane, JK
Kanz, KV
Halpin, J
Phan, H
Sigurdsson, R
Brewer, W
Britten, J
Brunton, G
Clark, B
Messerly, MJ
Nissen, JD
Shaw, B
Hackel, R
Hermann, M
Tietbohl, G
Siders, CW
Barty, CPJ
AF Haefner, C.
Heebner, J. E.
Dawson, J.
Fochs, S.
Shverdin, M.
Crane, J. K.
Kanz, K. V.
Halpin, J.
Phan, H.
Sigurdsson, R.
Brewer, W.
Britten, J.
Brunton, G.
Clark, B.
Messerly, M. J.
Nissen, J. D.
Shaw, B.
Hackel, R.
Hermann, M.
Tietbohl, G.
Siders, C. W.
Barty, C. P. J.
GP IFSA
TI PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS OF THE INJECTION LASER SYSTEM CONFIGURED FOR
PICOSECOND SCALE ADVANCED RADIOGRAPHIC CAPABILITY
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID HIGH-ENERGY
AB We have characterized the Advanced Radiographic Capability injection laser system and demonstrated that it meets performance requirements for upcoming National Ignition Facility fusion experiments. Pulse compression was achieved with a scaled down replica of the meter-scale grating ARC compressor and sub-ps pulse duration was demonstrated at the Joule-level.
C1 [Haefner, C.; Heebner, J. E.; Dawson, J.; Fochs, S.; Shverdin, M.; Crane, J. K.; Kanz, K. V.; Halpin, J.; Phan, H.; Sigurdsson, R.; Brewer, W.; Britten, J.; Brunton, G.; Clark, B.; Messerly, M. J.; Nissen, J. D.; Shaw, B.; Hackel, R.; Hermann, M.; Tietbohl, G.; Siders, C. W.; Barty, C. P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Haefner, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM haefner2@llnl.gov
RI Heebner, John/C-2411-2009
NR 8
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032005
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032005
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000094
ER
PT S
AU Herrmann, HW
Young, CS
Mack, JM
Kim, YH
McEvoy, A
Evans, S
Sedillo, T
Batha, S
Schmitt, M
Wilson, DC
Langenbrunner, JR
Malone, R
Kaufman, MI
Cox, BC
Frogget, B
Miller, EK
Ali, ZA
Tunnell, TW
Stoeffl, W
Horsfield, CJ
Rubery, M
AF Herrmann, H. W.
Young, C. S.
Mack, J. M.
Kim, Y. H.
McEvoy, A.
Evans, S.
Sedillo, T.
Batha, S.
Schmitt, M.
Wilson, D. C.
Langenbrunner, J. R.
Malone, R.
Kaufman, M. I.
Cox, B. C.
Frogget, B.
Miller, E. K.
Ali, Z. A.
Tunnell, T. W.
Stoeffl, W.
Horsfield, C. J.
Rubery, M.
GP IFSA
TI ICF Gamma-Ray Reaction History Diagnostics
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Reaction history measurements, such as nuclear bang time and burn width, are fundamental components of diagnosing ICF implosions and will be employed to help steer the National Ignition Facility (NIF) towards ignition. Fusion gammas provide a direct measure of nuclear interaction rate (unlike x-rays) without being compromised by Doppler spreading (unlike neutrons). Gas Cherenkov Detectors that convert fusion gamma rays to UV/visible Cherenkov photons for collection by fast optical recording systems have established their usefulness in illuminating ICF physics in several experimental campaigns at OMEGA. In particular, bang time precision better than 25 ps has been demonstrated, well below the 50 ps accuracy requirement defined by the NIF. NIF Gamma Reaction History (GRH) diagnostics are being developed based on optimization of sensitivity, bandwidth, dynamic range, cost, and NIF-specific logistics, requirements and extreme radiation environment. Implementation will occur in two phases. The first phase consists of four channels mounted to the outside of the target chamber at similar to 6 m from target chamber center (GRH-6m) coupled to ultra-fast photo-multiplier tubes (PMT). This system is intended to operate in the 10(13)-10(17) neutron yield range expected during the early THD campaign. It will have high enough bandwidth to provide accurate bang times and burn widths for the expected THD reaction histories (>80 ps fwhm). Successful operation of the first GRH-6m channel has been demonstrated at OMEGA, allowing a verification of instrument sensitivity, timing and EMI/background suppression. The second phase will consist of several channels located just inside the target bay shield wall at 15 m from target chamber center (GRH-15m) with optical paths leading through the cement shield wall to well-shielded streak cameras and PMTs. This system is intended to operate in the 10(16)-10(20) yield range expected during the DT ignition campaign, providing higher temporal resolution for the expected burn widths of 10-20 ps associated with ignition. Multiple channels at each phase will allow for increased redundancy, reliability, accuracy and flexibility. In addition, inherent energy thresholding capability combined with this multiplicity will allow exploration of interesting gamma-ray physics well beyond the ignition campaign.
C1 [Herrmann, H. W.; Young, C. S.; Mack, J. M.; Kim, Y. H.; McEvoy, A.; Evans, S.; Sedillo, T.; Batha, S.; Schmitt, M.; Wilson, D. C.; Langenbrunner, J. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Herrmann, HW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,M-S E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM herrmann@lanl.gov
OI Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180
NR 4
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032047
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032047
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000136
ER
PT S
AU Hinkel, DE
Callahan, DA
Meezan, NB
Suter, LJ
Still, CH
Strozzi, DJ
Williams, EA
Langdon, AB
AF Hinkel, D. E.
Callahan, D. A.
Meezan, N. B.
Suter, L. J.
Still, C. H.
Strozzi, D. J.
Williams, E. A.
Langdon, A. B.
GP IFSA
TI Analyses of laser-plasma interactions in NIF ignition emulator designs
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The National Ignition Campaign is currently conducting energetics experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). These experiments directly test all aspects of ignition hohlraum performance. An important aspect of good performance is understanding and mitigation of laser-plasma interactions, which enables laser coupling to the target. The hohlraum energetics target and pulse-shape are designed to produce an ignition-hohlraum-like plasma to test laser-plasma interactions. The pre-shot laser-plasma interaction predictions for the first energetics targets (one room temperature target, and one cryogenic target) are presented here. These findings correlate well with the experimental data, namely that the primary concern is stimulated Raman scatter of the inner beams deep in the target. Such scatter is mostly re-absorbed, but modifies the energy deposition profile and thus the symmetry. Stimulated Brillouin scatter is at low levels, both in pre-shot predictions and in the experiments.
C1 [Hinkel, D. E.; Callahan, D. A.; Meezan, N. B.; Suter, L. J.; Still, C. H.; Strozzi, D. J.; Williams, E. A.; Langdon, A. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Hinkel, DE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM hinkel1@llnl.gov
OI Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022019
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022019
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000029
ER
PT S
AU Hoffman, NM
Hammel, BA
Schilling, O
AF Hoffman, Nelson M.
Hammel, Bruce A.
Schilling, Oleg
GP IFSA
TI Calibrating mix models for NIF tuning
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID INSTABILITIES
AB Mixing may play a role in early "tuning" implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), intended for optimizing target geometry and laser operating parameters prior to the first ignition shots. Turbulent transport models allow mixing to be represented in integrated capsule-plus-hohlraum simulations, so that its effects can be predicted. Such models typically have many adjustable coefficients, so it is important to calibrate the coefficients systematically, whether by comparison to experiments, theory, or detailed higher fidelity simulations. We have begun by comparing to results from high-resolution 2D multimode simulations of a NIF Rev3 CH(Ge) ignition capsule, using the time-varying angle-averaged radial profiles of ion species composition as the calibration reference. 1D implosion simulations are performed with either of two turbulence models, and the models are calibrated so that the 1D composition profiles roughly match the 2D reference profiles at a sequence of five times near the end of the implosion. Details of the reference profiles, however, such as non-monotonicity resulting from structures in the flow, cannot be represented by these models. Parameter searches, besides identifying optimal sets of model coefficients, also exhibit model sensitivity to parameter variations.
C1 [Hoffman, Nelson M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Hoffman, NM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM nmh@lanl.gov
OI Schilling, Oleg/0000-0002-0623-2940
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022011
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022011
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000021
ER
PT S
AU Homoelle, D
Baker, KL
Patel, PK
Utterback, E
Rushford, MC
Siders, CW
Barty, CPJ
AF Homoelle, D.
Baker, K. L.
Patel, P. K.
Utterback, E.
Rushford, M. C.
Siders, C. W.
Barty, C. P. J.
GP IFSA
TI Interferometric adaptive optics for high-power laser beam correction in
fast ignition experiments
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID SYSTEMS
AB We present the design for a high-speed adaptive optics system that will be used to achieve the necessary laser pointing and beam-quality performance for initial fast-ignition coupling experiments. This design makes use of a 32x32 pixellated MEMS device as the adaptive optic and a two-channel interferometer as the wave-front sensor. We present results from a system testbed that demonstrates improvement of the Strehl ratio from 0.09 to 0.61 and stabilization of beam pointing from similar to 75 mu rad to <2 mu rad.
C1 [Homoelle, D.; Baker, K. L.; Patel, P. K.; Utterback, E.; Rushford, M. C.; Siders, C. W.; Barty, C. P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Homoelle, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM homoelle1@llnl.gov
RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032007
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032007
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000096
ER
PT S
AU Hurricane, OA
Hansen, JF
Harding, EC
Drake, RP
Robey, HF
Remington, BA
Kuranz, CC
Grosskopf, MJ
Gillespie, RS
Park, H
AF Hurricane, O. A.
Hansen, J. F.
Harding, E. C.
Drake, R. P.
Robey, H. F.
Remington, B. A.
Kuranz, C. C.
Grosskopf, M. J.
Gillespie, R. S.
Park, H.
GP IFSA
TI Understanding the implications of the data from recent
high-energy-density Kelvin-Helmholtz shear layer experiments
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The first successful high energy density Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) shear layer experiments (O.A. Hurricane, et al., Phys. Plasmas, 16, 056305, 2009; E. C. Harding, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 045005, 2009) demonstrated the ability to design and field a target that produces an array of large diagnosable KH vortices in a controlled fashion. Data from these experiments vividly showed the complete evolution of large distinct eddies, from formation to apparent turbulent break-up. Unexpectedly, low-density bubbles/cavities comparable to the vortex size (similar to 300 - 400 mu m) appeared to grow up in the free-stream flow above the unstable material interface. In this paper, the basic principles of the experiment will be discussed, the data reviewed, and the progress on understanding the origin of the above bubble structures through theory and simulation will be reported on. (IFSA 1.10.096)
C1 [Hurricane, O. A.; Hansen, J. F.; Robey, H. F.; Remington, B. A.; Park, H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Hurricane, OA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM hurricane1@llnl.gov
RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012
OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 042007
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042007
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000157
ER
PT S
AU Izumi, N
Stone, G
Hagmann, C
Sorce, C
Bradley, DK
Moran, M
Landen, OL
Springer, P
Stoeffl, W
Tommasini, R
Hermann, HW
Kyrala, GA
Glebov, VY
Knauer, J
Sangster, TC
Koch, JA
AF Izumi, N.
Stone, G.
Hagmann, C.
Sorce, C.
Bradley, D. K.
Moran, M.
Landen, O. L.
Springer, P.
Stoeffl, W.
Tommasini, R.
Hermann, H. W.
Kyrala, G. A.
Glebov, V. Y.
Knauer, J.
Sangster, T. C.
Koch, J. A.
GP IFSA
TI Experimental evaluation of neutron induced noise on gated x-ray framing
cameras
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB A micro-channel plate based temporally-gated x-ray camera (framing camera) is one of the most versatile diagnostic tools of inertial confinement fusion experiments; particularly for observation of the shape of x-ray self emission from compressed core of imploded capsules. However, components used in an x-ray framing camera have sensitivity to various kinds of secondary radiation induced by neutron. On early low-yield capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), the expected neutron production is about 5 x 10(14). Therefore, the expected neutron fluence at a framing camera located similar to 150 cm from the object is 2 x 10(9) neutrons/cm(2). To obtain gated x-ray images in such harsh neutron environments, quantitative understanding of neutron-induced backgrounds is crucial.
C1 [Izumi, N.; Stone, G.; Hagmann, C.; Sorce, C.; Bradley, D. K.; Moran, M.; Landen, O. L.; Springer, P.; Stoeffl, W.; Tommasini, R.; Koch, J. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Izumi, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM izumi2@llnl.gov
RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; tommasini, riccardo/A-8214-2009
OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; tommasini,
riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032048
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032048
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000137
ER
PT S
AU Jones, OS
Milovich, JL
Callahan, DA
Edwards, MJ
Landen, OL
Salmonson, JD
Clark, DS
Haan, SW
Marinak, MM
Patel, MV
Langer, SH
Sepke, SM
Springer, PT
Hatchett, SP
AF Jones, O. S.
Milovich, J. L.
Callahan, D. A.
Edwards, M. J.
Landen, O. L.
Salmonson, J. D.
Clark, D. S.
Haan, S. W.
Marinak, M. M.
Patel, M. V.
Langer, S. H.
Sepke, S. M.
Springer, P. T.
Hatchett, S. P.
GP IFSA
TI 3D Simulations of the NIF Indirect Drive Ignition Target Design
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The radiation hydrodynamics code Hydra is used to quantify the sensitivity of different NIF ignition point designs to several 3D effects. Each of the 48 NIF quads is included in the calculations and is allowed to have different power. With this model we studied the effect on imploded core symmetry of discrete laser spots (as opposed to idealized azimuthally-averaged rings) and random variations in laser power.
C1 [Jones, O. S.; Milovich, J. L.; Callahan, D. A.; Edwards, M. J.; Landen, O. L.; Salmonson, J. D.; Clark, D. S.; Haan, S. W.; Marinak, M. M.; Patel, M. V.; Langer, S. H.; Sepke, S. M.; Springer, P. T.; Hatchett, S. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Jones, OS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM jones96@llnl.gov
OI Patel, Mehul/0000-0002-0486-010X
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022077
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022077
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000087
ER
PT S
AU Khater, H
Dauffy, L
Tommasini, R
Eckart, M
Eder, D
AF Khater, H.
Dauffy, L.
Tommasini, R.
Eckart, M.
Eder, D.
GP IFSA
TI Simulation of Radiation Backgrounds associated with the HEXRI
Diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Experiments resulting in a significant neutron yield are scheduled to start in 2010 at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). A wide range of diagnostics will be used to measure several parameters of implosion such as the core and fuel shape, temperatures and densities, and neutron yield. Accurate evaluations of the neutron and gamma backgrounds are important for several diagnostics. Several Monte-Carlo simulations were performed to identify the expected signal to background ratios at several potential locations for the High Energy X-ray Imager (HEXRI) diagnostics. Gamma backgrounds were significantly reduced by using tungsten collimators. The collimators resulted in the reduction of the gamma background at the HEXRI scintillators by more than an order of magnitude during the first 40 ns following a Tritium-Hydrogen-Deuterium (THD) shot.
C1 [Khater, H.; Dauffy, L.; Tommasini, R.; Eckart, M.; Eder, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Khater, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM khater1@llnl.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032049
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032049
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000138
ER
PT S
AU Kim, Y
Herrmann, HW
Evans, S
Sedillo, T
Langenbrunner, JR
Young, CS
Mack, JM
McEvoy, A
Horsfield, CJ
Rubery, M
Ali, Z
Stoeffl, W
AF Kim, Y.
Herrmann, H. W.
Evans, S.
Sedillo, T.
Langenbrunner, J. R.
Young, C. S.
Mack, J. M.
McEvoy, A.
Horsfield, C. J.
Rubery, M.
Ali, Z.
Stoeffl, W.
GP IFSA
TI Measurement of DT Fusion and Neutron-induced Gamma-rays using Gas
Cherenkov Detector
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB A secondary gamma experiment was carried out using a Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD) at the OMEGA laser facility. The primary experimental objective was to simulate neutron-induced secondary gamma production (n-gamma) from a NIF implosion capsule, hohlraum, and thermo-mechanical package. The high-band width of the GCD enabled us to detect time delayed and Doppler broadened n-gamma signals from five different puck materials (Si, SiO(2), Al, Al(2)O(3), Cu) placed near target chamber center. These measurements were used for MCNP & ITS ACCEPT code validation purposes. By a simple change of the GCD CO(2) gas pressure the system can effectively eliminate signals induced by n-gamma reactions and thereby allow quality measurements of DT fusion gamma-rays that are produced at NIF (National Ignition Facility).
C1 [Kim, Y.; Herrmann, H. W.; Evans, S.; Sedillo, T.; Langenbrunner, J. R.; Young, C. S.; Mack, J. M.; McEvoy, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM yhkim@lanl.gov
NR 2
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032050
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032050
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000139
ER
PT S
AU Koniges, AE
Masters, ND
Fisher, AC
Anderson, RW
Eder, DC
Kaiser, TB
Bailey, DS
Gunney, B
Wang, P
Brown, B
Fisher, K
Hansen, F
Maddox, BR
Benson, DJ
Meyers, M
Geille, A
AF Koniges, A. E.
Masters, N. D.
Fisher, A. C.
Anderson, R. W.
Eder, D. C.
Kaiser, T. B.
Bailey, D. S.
Gunney, B.
Wang, P.
Brown, B.
Fisher, K.
Hansen, F.
Maddox, B. R.
Benson, D. J.
Meyers, M.
Geille, A.
GP IFSA
TI ALE-AMR: A New 3D Multi-Physics Code for Modeling Laser/Target Effects
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB We have developed a new 3D multi-physics multi-material code, ALE-AMR, for modeling laser/target effects including debris/shrapnel generation. The code combines Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) to connect the continuum to microstructural regimes. The code is unique in its ability to model hot radiating plasmas and cold fragmenting solids. New numerical techniques were developed for many of the physics packages to work efficiency on a dynamically moving and adapting mesh. A flexible strength/failure framework allows for pluggable material models. Material history arrays are used to store persistent data required by the material models, for instance, the level of accumulated damage or the evolving yield stress in J2 plasticity models. We model ductile metals as well as brittle materials such as Si, Be, and B4C. We use interface reconstruction based on volume fractions of the material components within mixed zones and reconstruct interfaces as needed. This interface reconstruction model is also used for void coalescence and fragmentation. The AMR framework allows for hierarchical material modeling (HMM) with different material models at different levels of refinement. Laser rays are propagated through a virtual composite mesh consisting of the finest resolution representation of the modeled space. A new 2nd order accurate diffusion solver has been implemented for the thermal conduction and radiation transport packages. The code is validated using laser and x-ray driven spall experiments in the US and France. We present an overview of the code and simulation results.
C1 [Koniges, A. E.] Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Koniges, AE (reprint author), Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aekoniges@lbl.gov
OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396
NR 6
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032019
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032019
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000108
ER
PT S
AU Landen, OL
MacGowan, BJ
Haan, SW
Edwards, J
AF Landen, O. L.
MacGowan, B. J.
Haan, S. W.
Edwards, J.
GP IFSA
TI Capsule Performance Optimization in the National Ignition Campaign
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID SIMULATIONS; FACILITY; TARGETS
AB A capsule performance optimization campaign will be conducted at the National Ignition Facility [1] to substantially increase the probability of ignition. The campaign will experimentally correct for residual uncertainties in the implosion and hohlraum physics used in our radiation-hydrodynamic computational models before proceeding to cryogenic-layered implosions and ignition attempts. The required tuning techniques using a variety of ignition capsule surrogates have been demonstrated at the Omega facility under scaled hohlraum and capsule conditions relevant to the ignition design and shown to meet the required sensitivity and accuracy. In addition, a roll-up of all expected random and systematic uncertainties in setting the key ignition laser and target parameters due to residual measurement, calibration, cross-coupling, surrogacy, and scale-up errors has been derived that meets the required budget.
C1 [Landen, O. L.; MacGowan, B. J.; Haan, S. W.; Edwards, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Landen, OL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM landen1@llnl.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022004
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022004
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000014
ER
PT S
AU Loomis, E
Grim, G
Wilde, C
Wilson, DC
Wilke, M
Finch, J
Morgan, G
Tregillis, I
Clark, D
AF Loomis, E.
Grim, G.
Wilde, C.
Wilson, D. C.
Wilke, M.
Finch, J.
Morgan, G.
Tregillis, I.
Clark, D.
GP IFSA
TI Investigations into Reconstruction Techniques for the National Ignition
Facility Neutron Imaging System
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION
AB Neutron imaging is currently being developed as a primary diagnostic for inertial fusion studies at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). It is an attractive diagnostic for measuring asymmetries in the burn region and will be able to operate at neutron fluences found during ignition scale implosions. The most straightforward technique for imaging of the spatial distribution of deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion neutrons utilizes a simple pinhole aperture, which blocks all neutrons outside of the solid angle defined by the pinhole and results in a blurred image at the detector. We are currently investigating source image reconstruction techniques from detector images. Source reconstructions from Monte Carlo neutron transport (MCNP) calculations are shown to emulate hydrodynamic simulations with imposed Legendre asymmetries to high accuracy.
C1 [Loomis, E.; Grim, G.; Wilde, C.; Wilson, D. C.; Wilke, M.; Morgan, G.; Tregillis, I.; Clark, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Loomis, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM loomis@lanl.gov
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032051
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032051
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000140
ER
PT S
AU Magelssen, GR
Cobble, JA
Tregillis, IL
Schmitt, MJ
Batha, SH
Bradley, PA
Obrey, KAD
AF Magelssen, G. R.
Cobble, J. A.
Tregillis, I. L.
Schmitt, M. J.
Batha, S. H.
Bradley, P. A.
Obrey, K. A. Defriend
GP IFSA
TI Single-shell direct-drive capsule designs to study effects of
perturbations on burn
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The effect of small localized perturbations, such as fill tubes and mounting tents, on the NIF ignition capsule and the effect of hemi-joints on high gain double shell capsules are an important issue in achieving ignition on NIF. Our codes have difficulty modeling small features and their effect on mix. Because of issues of symmetry, shock timing, high-z shells, mix etc. trying to understand the effect of localized perturbations ("defect") on these high gain NIF capsules will be difficult. To begin the study of defects on DT burn, a direct-drive exploding pusher is used. Experimental results are presented for capsules with and without defects. The unperturbed capsules give reproducible yields while the perturbed capsules show significant drops in yield. Both AMR and Lasnex codes over predict the unperturbed capsule yield
C1 [Magelssen, G. R.; Cobble, J. A.; Tregillis, I. L.; Schmitt, M. J.; Batha, S. H.; Bradley, P. A.; Obrey, K. A. Defriend] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Magelssen, GR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180; Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022006
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022006
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000016
ER
PT S
AU Masters, ND
Kaiser, TB
Anderson, RW
Eder, DC
Fisher, AC
Koniges, AE
AF Masters, N. D.
Kaiser, T. B.
Anderson, R. W.
Eder, D. C.
Fisher, A. C.
Koniges, A. E.
GP IFSA
TI Laser Ray Tracing in a Parallel Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Adaptive
Mesh Refinement Hydrocode
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB ALE-AMR is a new hydrocode that we are developing as a predictive modeling tool for debris and shrapnel formation in high-energy laser experiments. In this paper we present our approach to implementing laser ray tracing in ALE-AMR. We present the basic concepts of laser ray tracing and our approach to efficiently traverse the adaptive mesh hierarchy.
C1 [Masters, N. D.; Kaiser, T. B.; Anderson, R. W.; Eder, D. C.; Fisher, A. C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Masters, ND (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM masters6@llnl.gov
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032022
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032022
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000111
ER
PT S
AU Meier, WR
Anklam, TM
Erlandson, AC
Miles, RR
Simon, AJ
Sawicki, R
Storm, E
AF Meier, W. R.
Anklam, T. M.
Erlandson, A. C.
Miles, R. R.
Simon, A. J.
Sawicki, R.
Storm, E.
GP IFSA
TI Integrated process modeling for the laser inertial fusion Energy (LIFE)
generation system
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID ENGINE; DESIGN
AB A concept for a new fusion-fission hybrid technology is being developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The primary application of this technology is base-load electrical power generation. However, variants of the baseline technology can be used to "burn" spent nuclear fuel from light water reactors or to perform selective transmutation of problematic fission products. The use of a fusion driver allows very high burn-up of the fission fuel, limited only by the radiation resistance of the fuel form and system structures. As a part of this process, integrated process models have been developed to aid in concept definition. Several models have been developed. A cost scaling model allows quick assessment of design changes or technology improvements on cost of electricity. System design models are being used to better understand system interactions and to do design trade-off and optimization studies. Here we describe the different systems models and present systems analysis results. Different market entry strategies are discussed along with potential benefits to US energy security and nuclear waste disposal. Advanced technology options are evaluated and potential benefits from additional R&D targeted at the different options is quantified.
C1 [Meier, W. R.; Anklam, T. M.; Erlandson, A. C.; Miles, R. R.; Simon, A. J.; Sawicki, R.; Storm, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Meier, WR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM meier5@llnl.gov
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032035
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032035
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000124
ER
PT S
AU Moses, EI
AF Moses, Edward I.
GP IFSA
TI Ignition and Inertial Confinement Fusion at The National Ignition
Facility
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF), the world's largest and most powerful laser system for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and for studying high-energy-density (HED) science, is now operational at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The NIF is now conducting experiments to commission the laser drive, the hohlraum and the capsule and to develop the infrastructure needed to begin the first ignition experiments in FY 2010. Demonstration of ignition and thermonuclear burn in the laboratory is a major NIF goal. NIF will achieve this by concentrating the energy from the 192 beams into a mm3-sized target and igniting a deuterium-tritium mix, liberating more energy than is required to initiate the fusion reaction. NIF's ignition program is a national effort managed via the National Ignition Campaign (NIC). The NIC has two major goals: execution of DT ignition experiments starting in FY2010 with the goal of demonstrating ignition and a reliable, repeatable ignition platform by the conclusion of the NIC at the end of FY2012. The NIC will also develop the infrastructure and the processes required to operate NIF as a national user facility. The achievement of ignition at NIF will demonstrate the scientific feasibility of ICF and focus worldwide attention on laser fusion as a viable energy option. A laser fusion-based energy concept that builds on NIF, known as LIFE (Laser Inertial Fusion Energy), is currently under development. LIFE is inherently safe and can provide a global carbon-free energy generation solution in the 21st century. This paper describes recent progress on NIF, NIC, and the LIFE concept.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Moses, EI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM moses1@llnl.gov
NR 6
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 012006
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/1/012006
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000006
ER
PT S
AU Nuckolls, JH
AF Nuckolls, J. H.
GP IFSA
TI Grand Challenges of Inertial Fusion Energy
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID FAST IGNITION; LASER; FACILITY; TARGETS; POWER
AB As soon as practical, Earth's low-cost, abundant, environmentally attractive fusion energy resources should be applied to the urgent global challenges of climate change, energy supply, economic growth, and the developing world. A National Ignition Campaign is under way at the recently completed National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to ignite high-gain inertial fusion targets in the 2010-2012 time frame. Achieving ignition on NIF could be the catalyst for national and global leaders to support the development of inertial fusion energy (IFE) to meet the future's worldwide electric power demand. With sustained, high-priority funding could practical IFE be possible by the 2020 timeframe? The answer lies in how well can the community address and solve technical challenges in four key areas: achieving ignition, producing advanced targets and drivers, creating a practical fusion engine, and developing economical fusion power plants.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Nuckolls, JH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-001, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM nuckolls2@llnl.gov
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 012007
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/1/012007
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000007
ER
PT S
AU Obrey, KAD
Schmidt, D
Patterson, BM
Day, RD
Valdez, AC
Capelli, D
Perea, R
Randolph, RB
Hatch, D
Garcia, F
Honnell, D
AF Obrey, K. A. D.
Schmidt, D.
Patterson, B. M.
Day, R. D.
Valdez, A. C.
Capelli, D.
Perea, R.
Randolph, R. B.
Hatch, D.
Garcia, F.
Honnell, D.
GP IFSA
TI Improvements in ICF Target Fabrication through High Precision Assembly
and Nondestructive Characterization
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Current ICF and HED targets are fielded on Omega, Z, and Trident; future campaigns will also be fielded on NIF. NIF will field less than 2 shots per day. With such few experiments, target fabrication and alignment accuracy, enhanced metrology and advanced component machining will be even more important. Future target designs are also becoming more complex and more stringent in terms of both manufacturing accuracy and precision. Several steps have been taken to improve the fabrication and characterization of targets, such as instituting an automated assembly station with 3 mu m tolerances, utilizing non-destructive characterization tools for rapid component metrology and target assembly, and advancing machining capabilities. Recapitalization of target fabrication infrastructure is continuous.
C1 [Obrey, K. A. D.; Schmidt, D.; Patterson, B. M.; Day, R. D.; Valdez, A. C.; Capelli, D.; Perea, R.; Randolph, R. B.; Hatch, D.; Garcia, F.; Honnell, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Obrey, KAD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-7,MS E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM defriend@lanl.gov
OI Patterson, Brian/0000-0001-9244-7376
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032040
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032040
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000129
ER
PT S
AU Offermann, DT
Flippo, KA
Gaillard, SA
Gautier, DC
Letzring, S
Cobble, JC
Wurden, G
Johson, RP
Shimada, T
Montogomery, DS
Gonzales, RP
Hurry, T
Archuleta, F
Schmitt, MJ
Reid, SM
Bartal, T
Wei, MS
Higginson, DP
Beg, FN
Geissel, M
Schollmeier, M
AF Offermann, D. T.
Flippo, K. A.
Gaillard, S. A.
Gautier, D. C.
Letzring, S.
Cobble, J. C.
Wurden, G.
Johson, R. P.
Shimada, T.
Montogomery, D. S.
Gonzales, R. P.
Hurry, T.
Archuleta, F.
Schmitt, M. J.
Reid, S-M.
Bartal, T.
Wei, M. S.
Higginson, D. P.
Beg, F. N.
Geissel, M.
Schollmeier, M.
GP IFSA
TI Carbon ion beam focusing using laser irradiated, heated diamond
hemispherical shells
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID TARGETS
AB Experiments preformed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Trident Laser Facility were conducted to observe the acceleration and focusing of carbon ions via the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) mechanism using hemispherical diamond targets. Trident is a 200 T W class laser system with 80 J of 1 mu m, short-pulse light delivered in 0.5 ps, with a peak intensity of 2 x 10(20)W/cm(2). Targets where Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) diamonds formed into hemispheres with a radius of curvature of 400 mu m and a thickness of 5 mu m. The accelerated ions from a hemisphere were diagnosed by imaging the shadow of a witness copper mesh, located 2 : 4 m m behind the target, onto a film pack located 5 c m behind the target. Ray tracing was used to determine the location of the ion focal spot. The TNSA mechanism favorably accelerates hydrogen found on the targets. To make the carbon beam detectable, targets were first heated to several hundred degrees Celsius using a CW, 532 nm, 8 W laser. Imaging of the carbon beam was accomplished via an auto-radiograph of a nuclear activated lithium fluoride window in the first layer of the film pack. The focus of the carbon ion beam was determined to be located 630 +/- 110 mu m from the vertex of the hemisphere. LA-UR 09-06918
C1 [Offermann, D. T.; Flippo, K. A.; Gaillard, S. A.; Gautier, D. C.; Letzring, S.; Cobble, J. C.; Wurden, G.; Johson, R. P.; Shimada, T.; Montogomery, D. S.; Gonzales, R. P.; Hurry, T.; Archuleta, F.; Schmitt, M. J.; Reid, S-M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Offermann, DT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM offerman@lanl.gov
RI Schollmeier, Marius/H-1056-2012; Flippo, Kirk/C-6872-2009; Higginson,
Drew/G-5942-2016; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017;
OI Schollmeier, Marius/0000-0002-0683-022X; Flippo,
Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141; Higginson, Drew/0000-0002-7699-3788; Wurden,
Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Offermann, Dustin/0000-0002-6033-4905;
Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022053
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022053
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000063
ER
PT S
AU Olson, RE
Suter, LJ
Kline, JL
Callahan, DA
Rosen, MD
Widmann, K
Williams, EA
Hinkel, DE
Meezan, NB
Rochau, GA
Warrick, AL
Langer, SH
Thomas, C
Dixit, SN
Dewald, EL
Schneider, MB
Moody, JD
Michel, P
Wallace, RJ
Landen, OL
Edwards, J
MacGowan, BJ
Glenzer, SH
AF Olson, R. E.
Suter, L. J.
Kline, J. L.
Callahan, D. A.
Rosen, M. D.
Widmann, K.
Williams, E. A.
Hinkel, D. E.
Meezan, N. B.
Rochau, G. A.
Warrick, A. L.
Langer, S. H.
Thomas, C.
Dixit, S. N.
Dewald, E. L.
Schneider, M. B.
Moody, J. D.
Michel, P.
Wallace, R. J.
Landen, O. L.
Edwards, J.
MacGowan, B. J.
Glenzer, S. H.
GP IFSA
TI Lasnex simulations of NIF vacuum hohlraum commissioning experiments
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; RAY
AB Lasnex calculations and x-ray flux measurements are presented for a series of NIF vacuum hohlraum experiments that were among the first targets shot on NIF as part of the facility commissioning. An important result is that the hohlraum x-ray fluxes are significantly higher than predicted by pre-shot Lasnex calculations employing the baseline "configuration managed" physics packages used in the NIF ignition target calculations. A possible explanation for the high-flux vacuum hohlraum result has been explored via post-shot calculations in which non-baseline emissivity and heat conduction models are used.
C1 [Olson, R. E.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Suter, L. J.; Callahan, D. A.; Rosen, M. D.; Widmann, K.; Williams, E. A.; Hinkel, D. E.; Meezan, N. B.; Warrick, A. L.; Langer, S. H.; Thomas, C.; Dixit, S. N.; Dewald, E. L.; Schneider, M. B.; Moody, J. D.; Michel, P.; Wallace, R. J.; Landen, O. L.; Edwards, J.; MacGowan, B. J.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Olson, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM reolson@sandia.gov
RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012;
OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032057
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032057
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000146
ER
PT S
AU Pollaine, SM
Remington, BA
Park, HS
Prisbrey, ST
Cavallo, RM
AF Pollaine, S. M.
Remington, B. A.
Park, H. S.
Prisbrey, S. T.
Cavallo, R. M.
GP IFSA
TI Designfor solid-state Rayleigh-Taylor experiments in tantalum at Omega
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID MODEL; INSTABILITY; FACILITY; METALS
AB We have designed an experiment for the Omega - EP laser facility to measure the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) growth rate of solid-state Ta samples at similar to 1 Mbar pressures and very high strain rates, 10(7)-10(8) s(-1). A thin walled, hohlraum based, ramp-wave, quasi-isentropic drive has been developed for this experiment. Thick samples (similar to 50 um) of Ta, with a pre-imposed sinusoidal rippled on the driven side, will be accelerated. The ripple growth due to the RT instability is greatly reduced due to the dynamic material strength. We will show detailed designs, and a thorough error analysis used to optimize the experiment and minimize uncertainty.
C1 [Pollaine, S. M.; Remington, B. A.; Park, H. S.; Prisbrey, S. T.; Cavallo, R. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Pollaine, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-477, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM pollaine@llnl.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 042016
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042016
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000166
ER
PT S
AU Rosen, MD
Edwards, J
Suter, LJ
AF Rosen, M. D.
Edwards, J.
Suter, L. J.
GP IFSA
TI The National Ignition Campaign (NIC) "Blue Team / Red Team" Simulated
Campaigns (Sim-Cams)
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The Point design Target of the National Ignition Campaign (NIC) has specifications and tolerances that have been set using a multi variable sensitivity study (MVSS). The sub component interactions and sensitivities that feed the MVSS have been calculated using sophisticated target physics radiation hydrocodes. However, it is cannot be guaranteed that the point design configuration has been specified with enough precision for ignition to occur without first correcting for possible off-sets due to physics uncertainties in the data models used in these studies. For this reason the NIC includes a series of tuning experiments, which have been designed and sequenced to systematically remove potential off-sets in specified target and laser parameters as efficiently and effectively as possible. In order to test the tuning techniques and logic the NIC has been executing Simulated Campaigns (Sim-Cam's). In the Sim-Cam's are a Blue Team and a Red Team. The Blue Team conducts the experiments, making shot-to-shot decisions on how to adjust the laser pulse or target parameters, based on "experimental" data provided by the Red Team who simulate the laser, target and diagnostics performance. To capture a plausible off-set between nature and models the Red Team construct a new virtual reality by adjusting the physics data and models, keeping the changes within their best estimate of uncertainties. The Red Team also include much of the shot-to-shot variability due to small laser and target variations that can be expected in NIF experiments, as well as diagnostic noise. The details of all of this are kept hidden from the Blue Team. The Sim-Cam's also serve to test and improve the infrastructure and processes for executing the NIF experiments. The role of the Simulated Campaigns in preparing for the NIC experimental plan will be described, and some of the results discussed.
C1 [Rosen, M. D.; Edwards, J.; Suter, L. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Rosen, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM rosen2@llnl.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022012
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022012
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000022
ER
PT S
AU Schmitt, MJ
Wilson, DC
Hoffman, NM
Langenbrunner, JR
Herrmann, HW
Kim, YH
Young, CS
Evans, SC
Cerjan, CJ
Stoeffl, W
Munro, DH
Dauffy, LS
Miller, KM
Horsfield, CJ
Rubery, MS
AF Schmitt, M. J.
Wilson, D. C.
Hoffman, N. M.
Langenbrunner, J. R.
Herrmann, H. W.
Kim, Y. H.
Young, C. S.
Evans, S. C.
Cerjan, C. J.
Stoeffl, Wolfgang
Munro, D. H.
Dauffy, L. S.
Miller, K. M.
Horsfield, C. J.
Rubery, M. S.
GP IFSA
TI A Reduced Model for the ICF Gamma-Ray Reaction History Diagnostic
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB An analytic model for the gamma reaction history (GRH) diagnostic to be fielded on the National Ignition Facility is described. The application of the GRH diagnostic for the measurement of capsule rho-R during burn using 4.4 MeV carbon gamma rays is demonstrated by simulation.
C1 [Schmitt, M. J.; Wilson, D. C.; Hoffman, N. M.; Langenbrunner, J. R.; Herrmann, H. W.; Kim, Y. H.; Young, C. S.; Evans, S. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Schmitt, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS F699, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mjs@lanl.gov
OI Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032058
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032058
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000147
ER
PT S
AU Shay, HD
Clark, DS
Amendt, PA
Tabak, M
Key, MH
Marinak, MM
Patel, MV
AF Shay, Henry D.
Clark, Daniel S.
Amendt, Peter A.
Tabak, Max
Key, Michael H.
Marinak, Michael M.
Patel, Mehul V.
GP IFSA
TI Design Considerations for a Cone in a Fast Ignition Capsule
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB An alternative to inertial fusion with central ignition is "fast ignition", in which one laser compresses the DT fuel adiabatically and a second laser with a short, very intense pulse heats the compressed core with supper-thermal electrons(1). One approach to fast ignition entails the introduction of the second laser beam via a hollow cone that pierces the side of the capsule. Critical considerations of the design of the cone in such an experiment include:
Perturbation of the implosion by the cone
Minimization of the column density of material between the critical density surface for the ignitor beam and the converged high density region
Positioning, alignment, and shape of the cone to minimize deleterious hydrodynamic effects
Effect of radiation gradients around the cone on the symmetry of the implosion.
This study entails the 2D and 3D simulations of a fast-ignitor experiment having a cryogenic deuterium-tritium capsule imploded within a high-Z hohlraum heated by abotu 650kJ of 3 omega laser beams on the NIF.
C1 [Shay, Henry D.; Clark, Daniel S.; Amendt, Peter A.; Tabak, Max; Key, Michael H.; Marinak, Michael M.; Patel, Mehul V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Shay, HD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM hdshay@llnl.gov
OI Patel, Mehul/0000-0002-0486-010X
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022061
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022061
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000071
ER
PT S
AU Sitaraman, S
Dauffy, L
Khater, H
Brereton, S
AF Sitaraman, S.
Dauffy, L.
Khater, H.
Brereton, S.
GP IFSA
TI Neutron Activation of NIF Final Optics Assemblies
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Analyses were performed to characterize the radiation field in the vicinity of the Final Optics Assemblies (FOAs) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) due to neutron activation following Deuterium-Deuterium (DD), Tritium-Hydrogen-Deuterium (THD), and Deuterium-Tritium (DT) shots associated with different phases of the NIF operations. The activation of the structural components of the FOAs produces one of the larger sources of gamma radiation and is a key factor in determining the stay out time between shots to ensure worker protection. This study provides estimates of effective dose rates in the vicinity of a single FOA and concludes that the DD and THD targets produce acceptable dose rates within10 minutes following a shot while about 6-days of stay out time is suggested following DT shots. Studies are ongoing to determine the combined effects of multiple FOAs and other components present in the Target Bay on stay-out time and worker dose.
C1 [Sitaraman, S.; Dauffy, L.; Khater, H.; Brereton, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sitaraman, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM sitaraman1@llnl.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 032025
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032025
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000114
ER
PT S
AU Spears, BK
Brandon, S
Clark, D
Cerjan, C
Edwards, J
Landen, O
Lindl, J
Haan, S
Hatchett, S
Salmonson, J
Springer, P
Weber, SV
Wilson, D
AF Spears, B. K.
Brandon, S.
Clark, D.
Cerjan, C.
Edwards, J.
Landen, O.
Lindl, J.
Haan, S.
Hatchett, S.
Salmonson, J.
Springer, P.
Weber, S. V.
Wilson, D.
GP IFSA
TI PREDICTION OF IGNITION IMPLOSION PERFORMANCE USING MEASUREMENTS OF
LOW-DEUTERIUM SURROGATES
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB The National Ignition Campaign (NIC) will use non-igniting "THD" capsules with cryogenic ice layers to study and optimize the hydrodynamic assembly of the fuel without burn. These capsules are characterized by the ratios of T:H:D. The species ratios are set with two goals in mind: (1) control T:D in order to adjust the nuclear energy production and (2) preserve the average atomic number of the fuel at 2.5 to maintain hydrodynamic similarity with the DT ignition capsule.
We have developed an experimentally observable ignition threshold factor (ITFX) that uses measurements from THD experiments to predict the performance of DT ignition implosions. It was developed and tested on multiple large databases of 2D radhydro simulations. Each of the thousands of simulations includes twin DT and THD simulations with a variety of physical failure mechanisms-drive asymmetry, capsule roughness, continuum mixing, fabrication errors, among others.
The results of our numerical database and the ITFX metric have allowed us to develop an experimental estimate of the probability of DT ignition based on THD experiments. The analysis accounts for both diagnostic precision and the effects of a finite number of shots. The NIC expects to field a combination of diagnostics and experimental attempts that result in a 15 to 20 percent uncertainty in the experimentally inferred probability of ignition.
This work was completed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
C1 [Spears, B. K.; Brandon, S.; Clark, D.; Cerjan, C.; Edwards, J.; Landen, O.; Lindl, J.; Haan, S.; Hatchett, S.; Salmonson, J.; Springer, P.; Weber, S. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94568 USA.
RP Spears, BK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-477,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94568 USA.
EM spears9@llnl.gov
NR 4
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022014
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022014
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000024
ER
PT S
AU Still, CH
Hinkel, DE
Langdon, AB
Palastro, JP
Williams, EA
AF Still, C. H.
Hinkel, D. E.
Langdon, A. B.
Palastro, J. P.
Williams, E. A.
GP IFSA
TI Simulating NIF laser-plasma interaction with multiple SRS frequencies
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID BEAMS
AB Understanding the energetics of a NIF ignition hohlraum is important to achieving ignition. Laser-plasma interactions (LPI) can reduce the radiation drive if backscatter occurs, and can also affect the hohlraum energetics by modifying the laser beam energy deposition which in turn can alter the implosion symmetry. The addition of a second SRS frequency to the modeling code pF3d can capture physics which would otherwise have been omitted. In the case of a wide or bi-modal SRS spectrum, this physics can be important. We discuss the modifications to the pF3d computational model, and exhibit its effect in a NIF ignition-relevant LPI simulation.
C1 [Still, C. H.; Hinkel, D. E.; Langdon, A. B.; Palastro, J. P.; Williams, E. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Still, CH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-472, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM bertstill@llnl.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022025
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022025
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000035
ER
PT S
AU Strozzi, DJ
Grote, DP
Tabak, M
Cohen, BI
Town, RPJ
Kemp, AJ
AF Strozzi, D. J.
Grote, D. P.
Tabak, M.
Cohen, B. I.
Town, R. P. J.
Kemp, A. J.
GP IFSA
TI Fast ignition transport simulations for NIF
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
ID PLASMA SIMULATION
AB This paper shows work at Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL) devoted to modeling the propagation of, and heating by, a relativistic electron beam in a idealized dense fuel assembly for fast ignition [1]. The implicit particle-in-cell (PIC) code LSP is used. Experiments planned on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the next few years using the Advanced Radiography Capability (ARC) short-pulse laser motivate this work. We demonstrate significant improvement in the heating of dense fuel due to magnetic forces, increased beam collimation, and insertion of a finite-radius carbon region between the beam excitation and fuel regions.
C1 [Strozzi, D. J.; Grote, D. P.; Tabak, M.; Cohen, B. I.; Town, R. P. J.; Kemp, A. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Strozzi, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM strozzi2@llnl.gov
OI Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022065
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022065
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000075
ER
PT S
AU Tabak, M
Clark, D
Town, RPJ
Key, MH
Amendt, P
Ho, D
Meeker, DJ
Shay, HD
Lasinski, BF
Kemp, A
Divol, L
Mackinnon, AJ
Patel, P
Strozzi, D
Grote, DP
AF Tabak, M.
Clark, D.
Town, R. P. J.
Key, M. H.
Amendt, P.
Ho, D.
Meeker, D. J.
Shay, H. D.
Lasinski, B. F.
Kemp, A.
Divol, L.
Mackinnon, A. J.
Patel, P.
Strozzi, D.
Grote, D. P.
GP IFSA
TI Features of a point design for Fast Ignition
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Fast Ignition is an inertial fusion scheme in which fuel is first assembled and then heated to the ignition temperature with an external heating source. In this note we consider cone and shell implosions where the energy supplied by short pulse lasers is transported to the fuel by electrons. We describe possible failure modes for this scheme and how to overcome them. In particular, we describe two sources of cone tip failure, an axis jet driven from the compressed fuel mass and hard photon preheat leaking through the implosion shell, and laser prepulse that can change the position of laser absorption and the angular distribution of the emitted electrons.
C1 [Tabak, M.; Clark, D.; Town, R. P. J.; Key, M. H.; Amendt, P.; Ho, D.; Meeker, D. J.; Shay, H. D.; Lasinski, B. F.; Kemp, A.; Divol, L.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Patel, P.; Strozzi, D.; Grote, D. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Tabak, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM Tabak1@lln.gov
RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014;
OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Strozzi,
David/0000-0001-8814-3791
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022066
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022066
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000076
ER
PT S
AU Wilson, DC
Spears, BK
Hatchett, SP
Cerjan, CJ
Springer, PT
Clark, DS
Edwards, MJ
Salmonson, JD
Weber, SV
Hammel, BA
Grim, GP
Herrmann, HW
Wilke, MD
AF Wilson, D. C.
Spears, B. K.
Hatchett, S. P., II
Cerjan, C. J.
Springer, P. T.
Clark, D. S.
Edwards, M. J.
Salmonson, J. D.
Weber, S. V.
Hammel, B. A.
Grim, G. P.
Herrmann, H. W.
Wilke, M. D.
GP IFSA
TI The Use of Tritium Rich Capsules with 25-35% Deuterium to Achieve
Ignition at the National Ignition Facility
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND
APPLICATIONS, PARTS 1-4
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and
Applications
CY SEP 06-11, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
AB Diagnostics such as neutron yield, ion temperature, image size and shape, and bang time in capsules with >similar to 25 % deuterium fuel show changes due to burn product heating. The comparison of performance between a THD(2%) and THD(35%) can help predict ignition in a TD(50%) capsule. Surrogacy of THD capsules to TD(50%) is incomplete due to variations in fuel molecular vapour pressures. TD(25-35%) capsules might be preferred to study hot spot heating, but at the risk of increased fuel/ablator mixing.
C1 [Wilson, D. C.; Grim, G. P.; Herrmann, H. W.; Wilke, M. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wilson, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dcw@lanl.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 244
AR 022015
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022015
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA BSQ92
UT WOS:000285508000025
ER
PT S
AU Ritchie, RO
AF Ritchie, Robert O.
BE Zaidi, M
TI How does human bone resist fracture?
SO SKELETAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT New York Skeletal Biology and Medicine Conference
CY APR 29-MAY 02, 2009
CL Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY
HO Mt Sinai Sch Med
DE cortical bone; hierarchical structure; fracture; strength; toughness
ID HUMAN CORTICAL BONE; TOUGHNESS; MECHANISMS; CRITERIA; CRACKS; AGE
AB The fracture of bone is clearly a major health concern, especially for the elderly. Medical therapies to reduce the possibility of bone fracture to date have principally centered on treating the loss in bone mass (bone mineral density) that accompanies aging (i.e., addressing the loss in bone quantity). However, it is now known that there is an additional, perhaps more significant, effect of the degradation in the inherent properties of bone (i.e., a loss in bone quality) with age. To address this issue, we review here the structure and properties of bone, focusing on its strength and fracture resistance from the perspective of the multidimensional hierarchical nature of its structure. We show that bone derives its resistance to fracture from a multitude of deformation and toughening mechanisms at many of these size-scales, ranging from the nanoscale structure of its protein molecules to its macroscopic physiological state.
C1 [Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM Roritchie@lbl.gov
RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008
OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 13
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND
SN 0077-8923
BN 978-1-57331-785-6
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2010
VL 1192
BP 72
EP 80
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05232.x
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BOV34
UT WOS:000277762400011
PM 20392220
ER
PT J
AU Xu, T
Shu, J
AF Xu, Ting
Shu, Jessica
TI Coiled-coil helix bundle, a peptide tertiary structural motif toward
hybrid functional materials
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID DE-NOVO DESIGN; OPTICAL BIOMOLECULAR MATERIALS; AMPHIPHILIC PROTEIN
MAQUETTES; ION-CHANNEL PROTEINS; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; 4-HELIX BUNDLE;
ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); EXTENDED CHROMOPHORES; DIBLOCK
COPOLYMERS
AB Some of the recent progress in generating hierarchically structured hybrid materials using peptide-polymer conjugates is presented. In particular, we review some of the developments in de novo designed coiled-coil helix bundles and their synthetic polymer conjugates from a materials point of view. As one of the most important motifs underlying many of the functionalities found in natural proteins, coiled-coil helix bundles present unique opportunities to generate functional materials with structures and functionalities similar to those seen in nature. As we utilize peptide tertiary structures stabilized by non-covalent interactions, the principles governing the assembly process at multiple length scales become more complicated. Some challenges, as well as the critical areas that require further study for the advancement of this burgeoning field, are discussed. Further investigation will not only improve our fundamental understanding of multi-length scale assembly in multi-component systems, but may also lead to very unique functional biomolecular materials.
C1 [Xu, Ting; Shu, Jessica] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tingxu@berkeley.edu
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC0205-CH11231]
FX This work is supported by the Department of Energy through the Hybrid
Biomaterials Scattering Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
under contract No. DE-AC0205-CH11231.
NR 56
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 12
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 2
BP 212
EP 217
DI 10.1039/b914565f
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 543KT
UT WOS:000273576800001
ER
PT J
AU Fukuto, M
Wang, ST
Lohr, MA
Kewalramani, S
Yang, L
AF Fukuto, Masafumi
Wang, Suntao
Lohr, Matthew A.
Kewalramani, Sumit
Yang, Lin
TI Effects of surface ligand density on lipid-monolayer-mediated 2D
assembly of proteins
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL STREPTAVIDIN CRYSTALS; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; BREWSTER-ANGLE
MICROSCOPY; BIOTIN BINDING; X-RAY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION;
ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALLIZATION; LAYERS; DIFFRACTION
AB The two-dimensional (2D) assembly of the protein streptavidin on a biotin-bearing lipid monolayer was studied as a function of the surface density of biotin, a protein-binding ligand, by means of in situ X-ray scattering and optical Brewster angle microscopy measurements at the liquid-vapor interface. Although this model system has been studied extensively, the relationship between the surface biotin density and the adsorption, 2D phase behavior, and binding state of streptavidin has yet to be determined quantitatively. The observed equilibrium phase behavior provides direct structural evidence that the 2D crystallization of the lipid-bound streptavidin occurs as a density-driven first-order phase transition. The minimum biotin density required for the 2D crystallization of streptavidin is found to be remarkably close to the density of the ligand-binding sites in the protein crystal. Moreover, both above and below this transition, the observed biotin-density dependence of protein adsorption is well described by the binding of biotin-bearing lipids at both of the two available sites per streptavidin molecule. These results imply that even in the low-density noncrystalline phase, the bound proteins share a common, fixed orientation relative to the surface normal, and that the 2D crystallization occurs when the lateral protein density reaches 50-70% of the 2D crystal density. This study demonstrates that in addition to a well-defined molecular orientation, high lateral packing density is essential to the 2D crystallization of proteins.
C1 [Fukuto, Masafumi; Lohr, Matthew A.; Kewalramani, Sumit] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Wang, Suntao; Yang, Lin] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Fukuto, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM fukuto@bnl.gov; lyang@bnl.gov
RI Yang, Lin/D-5872-2013
OI Yang, Lin/0000-0003-1057-9194
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX We thank B. M. Ocko, M. Deutsch, and J. K. Blasie for helpful comments.
This work, including use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract
No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 7
BP 1513
EP 1519
DI 10.1039/b917139h
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 573XD
UT WOS:000275947800020
ER
PT J
AU Tseng, TC
McGarrity, ES
Kiel, JW
Duxbury, PM
Mackay, ME
Frischknecht, AL
Asokan, S
Wong, MS
AF Tseng, Tzu-Chia
McGarrity, Erin S.
Kiel, Jonathan W.
Duxbury, Phillip M.
Mackay, Michael E.
Frischknecht, Amalie L.
Asokan, Subashini
Wong, Michael S.
TI Three-dimensional liquid surfaces through nanoparticle self-assembly
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER-FILMS; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; POLYSTYRENE;
NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; DYNAMICS; SOLIDS
AB Nanoparticles blended into thin polymer films are driven to assemble at interfaces by both entropic and enthalpic forces. When nanoparticles assemble at a substrate-polymer film interface, these forces are so large that they enable the film to follow surface protrusions and form a three-dimensional surface, instead of dewetting from the substrate. In other words, disassembling the nanoparticle layer requires more energy than that gained by the film dewetting from the rough surface. Here we studied blends of linear polystyrene and CdSe nanoparticles spin coated onto silicon substrates containing sparsely distributed SiO(2) particles (ca. 120 nm diameter). The films were then thermally annealed for periods of up to 24 h, well above the glass transition temperature of the polymer. The profiles of different film thicknesses (40-180 nm) were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after being annealed and were found to become much smoother, yet remain three-dimensional after annealing with a profile that gradually decayed away from the SiO(2) particles. Calculations based on a continuum theory using a balance of assembly, dispersion and surface tension forces were performed and found to be in agreement with the AFM profile data demonstrating the strength of the assembly forces.
C1 [Tseng, Tzu-Chia; Kiel, Jonathan W.; Mackay, Michael E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Tseng, Tzu-Chia; McGarrity, Erin S.; Kiel, Jonathan W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Duxbury, Phillip M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Frischknecht, Amalie L.] Sandia Natl Labs, CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Asokan, Subashini; Wong, Michael S.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Mackay, ME (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RI Wong, Michael/F-9286-2010; Frischknecht, Amalie/N-1020-2014
OI Wong, Michael/0000-0002-3652-3378; Frischknecht,
Amalie/0000-0003-2112-2587
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia
National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was partially supported by US Department of Energy for funding
this research Contract No. DE-FG02-05ER46211. This work was performed,
in part, at the US Department of Energy, Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396 and Sandia National Laboratories Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 21
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 7
BP 1533
EP 1538
DI 10.1039/b918429e
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 573XD
UT WOS:000275947800023
ER
PT J
AU Docherty, H
Cummings, PT
AF Docherty, Hugh
Cummings, Peter T.
TI Direct evidence for fluid-solid transition of nanoconfined fluids
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULARLY THIN-FILMS; MICA SURFACES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SIMPLE
LIQUIDS; CONFINED LIQUIDS; FORCE-FIELD; DYNAMICS; SHEAR; BEHAVIOR;
LAYERS
AB Atomistically detailed simulations provide direct and reliable evidence that sufficiently nanoconfined fluids undergo a rapid and abrupt first-order transition to an ordered solid-like structure.
C1 [Docherty, Hugh; Cummings, Peter T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Cummings, Peter T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nanomat Theory Inst, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Docherty, H (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM hugh.docherty@vanderbilt.edu; peter.cummings@vanderbilt.edu
RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013
OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0626259]; Office of Science of the U.S.
Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research has been supported by the National Science Foundation
through grant CHE-0626259. In addition, this research used resources of
the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Dept. of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and resources of the National Center for
Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 24
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 8
BP 1640
EP 1643
DI 10.1039/c000821d
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 580SG
UT WOS:000276469300006
ER
PT J
AU Chu, XQ
Lagi, M
Mamontov, E
Fratini, E
Baglioni, P
Chen, SH
AF Chu, Xiang-qiang
Lagi, Marco
Mamontov, Eugene
Fratini, Emiliano
Baglioni, Piero
Chen, Sow-Hsin
TI Experimental evidence of logarithmic relaxation in single-particle
dynamics of hydrated protein molecules
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; FLUCTUATIONS;
TRANSITION; MYOGLOBIN; SOLVENT; MOTIONS; GLASSES; LIQUIDS; SOFT
AB We observe a logarithmic-like decay of the intermediate scattering function (ISF) of the hydrogen atoms in the protein molecule in the time interval from 10 ps to 1 ns. We analyze the ISF, F(H)(Q,t), in terms of an asymptotic expression proposed by mode coupling theory (MCT). The result clearly shows that this logarithmic stretching of the beta-relaxation range is real, substantiating the prediction of the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results that used the formula proposed by MCT for the analysis of ISF.
C1 [Chu, Xiang-qiang; Lagi, Marco; Chen, Sow-Hsin] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Lagi, Marco; Fratini, Emiliano; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem & CSGI, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Mamontov, Eugene] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Chen, SH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM sowhsin@mit.edu
RI Chu, Xiangqiang/A-1572-2011; Baglioni, Piero/B-1208-2011; Fratini,
Emiliano/C-9983-2010; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015;
OI Baglioni, Piero/0000-0003-1312-8700; Fratini,
Emiliano/0000-0001-7104-6530; Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Chu,
Xiang-qiang/0000-0003-4320-5316
FU DOE [DE-FG02-90ER45429]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0086210];
CSGI; MIUR; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX The research at MIT is supported by DOE Grants No. DE-FG02-90ER45429.
This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0086210. We appreciate technical
supports during experiments from M. Tyagi, and A. Faraone of NIST Center
for Neutron Research. EF and PB acknowledge financial support from CSGI
and MIUR. The neutron scattering experiment at OakRidge National
Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department
of Energy.
NR 35
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 12
BP 2623
EP 2627
DI 10.1039/c002602f
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 608MH
UT WOS:000278587900007
ER
PT J
AU Kendall, EL
Mills, E
Liu, JW
Jiang, XM
Brinker, CJ
Parikh, AN
AF Kendall, Eric L.
Mills, Emily
Liu, Juewen
Jiang, Xingmao
Brinker, C. Jeffrey
Parikh, Atul N.
TI Salt-induced lipid transfer between colloidal supported lipid bilayers
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOSPHOLIPID-VESICLE AGGREGATION; MEMBRANE-FUSION; CELL-ADHESION;
MONO-VALENT; FORCES; MECHANISM; RELEASE; CALCIUM; SINGLE; ATTRACTION
AB We show that a coordinated interplay between mesoscale colloidal interactions and molecular-scale membrane perturbations affords a novel material platform to controllably recapitulate membrane interactions, such as during fusion and vesicle-based drug delivery. Specifically, a simple modulation of ionic strength is used to alter electrostatically determined colloidal interactions, producing conditions for pre-fusion contact between two independent colloidal and/or planar supported lipid bilayers. The same process also perturbs the membrane at the molecular level, reproducing conditions needed for subsequent fusion steps. We envisage that this platform will yield insights relevant to optimal design and implementation of lipid-coated inorganic constructs used for therapeutic drug delivery and sensing.
C1 [Kendall, Eric L.; Mills, Emily; Parikh, Atul N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kendall, Eric L.; Mills, Emily; Parikh, Atul N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Liu, Juewen] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Jiang, Xingmao; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Parikh, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM anparikh@ucdavis.edu
RI jiang, xingmao /H-3554-2013; Liu, Juewen/A-2701-2014; PARIKH,
ATUL/D-2243-2014
OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968
FU NIH, Nanomedicine Development Center; US Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Science, the Division of Materials Science Engineering [DE
FG02-04ER46173]; [PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B]
FX This work was supported in part by NIH road map initiative through the
Nanomedicine Development Center, (National Center for the Design of
Biomimetic Nanoconductors, PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B) for the protocell
development and by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Science through a grant from the Division of Materials Science &
Engineering (DE FG02-04ER46173, Biomolecular Materials Program) for the
studies of dynamics during membrane interactions.
NR 55
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 20
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 12
BP 2628
EP 2632
DI 10.1039/c001586e
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 608MH
UT WOS:000278587900008
ER
PT J
AU Linton, D
Driva, P
Sumpter, B
Ivanov, I
Geohegan, D
Feigerle, C
Dadmun, MD
AF Linton, Dias
Driva, Paraskevi
Sumpter, Bobby
Ivanov, Ilia
Geohegan, David
Feigerle, Charles
Dadmun, Mark D.
TI The importance of chain connectivity in the formation of non-covalent
interactions between polymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes and its
impact on dispersion
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNCTIONAL-GROUP ACCESSIBILITY; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; P-SUBSTITUTED
STYRENES; MM3 FORCE-FIELD; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; RADICAL POLYMERIZATION;
VINYL POLYMERIZATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS;
LOAD-TRANSFER
AB In this study we investigate the formation of non-covalent electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions between polymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with the goal of optimizing interfacial adhesion and homogeneity of nanocomposites without modifying the SWNT native surface. Nanocomposites of SWNTs and three sets of polymer matrices with varying composition of electron donating 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) or electron accepting acrylonitrile (AN) and cyanostyrene (CNSt) were prepared, quantitatively characterized by optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy (Raman mapping, Raman D* peak shifts) and qualitatively compared through thick film composite visualization. The experimental data show that copolymers with 30 mol% DMAEMA, 45 mol% AN, 23 mol% CNSt and polyacrylonitrile homopolymer have the highest extent of intermolecular interaction, which translates to an optimum SWNT spatial dispersion among the series. These results are found to correlate very well with the intermolecular interaction energies obtained from quantum density functional theory calculations. Both experimental and computational results also illustrate that chain connectivity is critical in controlling the accessibility of the functional groups to form intermolecular interactions. This means that an adequate distance between interacting functional groups on a polymer chain is needed in order to allow efficient intermolecular contact. Thus, controlling the amount of electron donating or withdrawing moieties throughout the polymer chain will direct the extent of EDA interaction, which enables tuning the SWNT dispersion.
C1 [Linton, Dias; Feigerle, Charles; Dadmun, Mark D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Driva, Paraskevi; Dadmun, Mark D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Sumpter, Bobby] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Sumpter, Bobby] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Sumpter, Bobby; Ivanov, Ilia; Geohegan, David] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Dadmun, MD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Geohegan,
David/D-3599-2013
OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502;
Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139
FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering; Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences at the Oak Ridge National; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0706323]
FX This research is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (PD,
MDD, BS) and the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (II, DG) at the
Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Support from the National Science
Foundation (DL) through grant DMR-0706323 is also acknowledged.
NR 63
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 28
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 12
BP 2801
EP 2814
DI 10.1039/b921170e
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 608MH
UT WOS:000278587900028
ER
PT J
AU Khripin, CY
Brinker, CJ
Kaehr, B
AF Khripin, Constantine Y.
Brinker, C. Jeffrey
Kaehr, Bryan
TI Mechanically tunable multiphoton fabricated protein hydrogels
investigated using atomic force microscopy
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; THERMAL-STABILITY; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE;
ELASTIC-MODULUS; PLASMA ALBUMIN; STIFFNESS; PH; PHENOTYPE; AVIDIN; CELLS
AB Recent work has demonstrated the feasibility of employing three dimensional (3D) protein hydrogels, fabricated using multiphoton-induced photochemistry, as chemically responsive microactuators in "lab on a chip" devices. In addition, these materials show great promise as cell capture/incubation devices, allowing single bacterial cells to reproduce into multicellular constructs with "user-defined" 3D geometries. However, to date, the mechanical properties of these materials, critical for these applications, have not been quantitatively characterized. In this work, we develop and apply a method to measure the elastic modulus of microfabricated protein hydrogels in situ under dynamic physical and chemical environments. We fabricated protein microcantilevers using a wide range of protein building blocks (albumin, lysozyme, avidin) and probed their mechanical properties using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The length dependence of the spring constant displayed by protein cantilevers followed the predicted cantilever model, yielding the elastic modulus of the material. By varying laser dwell time, the modulus of protein cantilevers could be tuned over 2 orders of magnitude (from 0.03 to 3 MPa for albumin), a range that encompasses modulus values for a number of biological tissues (e. g., cartilage, basement membrane). Further, the modulus was shown to vary strongly over a range of pH values (pH 2-12). Distinct profiles of pH vs. modulus for albumin, lysozyme and avidin cantilevers were observed, which correlate to structural transitions of the incorporated protein. Modification of protein cantilevers via ligand binding (biotin to avidin), increased cantilever stiffness. Finally, using the modulus of a hydrogel microchamber calculated in situ, we determined the pressure generated by a replicating bacterial colony entrapped in the microchamber to be 2.7 +/- 1.3 kPa. This work demonstrates an ability to quantify mechanical properties under both chemically and biologically dynamic microenvironments and will enable the development of a robust platform to investigate cell/microenvironmental interactions with high spatial resolution, in three dimensions, using mechanically tunable biological materials.
C1 [Brinker, C. Jeffrey; Kaehr, Bryan] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Khripin, Constantine Y.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Kaehr, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
EM bjkaehr@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research [FA 9550-07-1-0054]; National Security
Science and Engineering; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
program; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX We acknowledge the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, as
well as Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant FA 9550-07-1-0054
for support of this work. BK gratefully acknowledges the Sandia National
Laboratories Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and
Engineering and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program
for support. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department
of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 42
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 21
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 12
BP 2842
EP 2848
DI 10.1039/c001193b
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 608MH
UT WOS:000278587900032
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, DS
Zeng, HB
Srivastava, A
Krogstad, DV
Tirrell, M
Israelachvili, JN
Waite, JH
AF Hwang, Dong Soo
Zeng, Hongbo
Srivastava, Aasheesh
Krogstad, Daniel V.
Tirrell, Matthew
Israelachvili, Jacob N.
Waite, J. Herbert
TI Viscosity and interfacial properties in a mussel-inspired adhesive
coacervate
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID PHRAGMATOPOMA-CALIFORNICA; COMPLEX COACERVATION; THIN-FILM; PROTEINS;
SURFACES; CEMENT
AB The chemistry of mussel adhesion has commanded the focus of much recent research activity on wet adhesion. By comparison, the equally critical adhesive processing by marine organisms has been little examined. Using a mussel-inspired coacervate formed by mixing a recombinant mussel adhesive protein (fp-151-RGD) with hyaluronic acid ( HA), we have examined the nanostructure, viscosity, friction, and interfacial energy of fluid-fluid phase-separated coacervates using the surface forces apparatus and microscopic techniques. At mixing ratios of fp-151-RGD: HA resulting in marginal coacervation, the coacervates showed shear-thickening viscosity and no structure by cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). However, at the mixing ratio producing maximum coacervation, the coacervate showed shear-thinning viscosity and a transition to a bicontinuous phase by cryo-TEM. The shear-thinning viscosity, high friction coefficient (> 1.2), and low interfacial energy (<1 mJ m(-2)) observed at the optimal mixing ratio for coacervation are promising delivery, spreading and adhesion properties for future wet adhesive and coating technologies.
C1 [Hwang, Dong Soo; Srivastava, Aasheesh; Krogstad, Daniel V.; Tirrell, Matthew; Israelachvili, Jacob N.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Zeng, Hongbo; Tirrell, Matthew; Israelachvili, Jacob N.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Zeng, Hongbo] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
[Tirrell, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Tirrell, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Tirrell, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Waite, J. Herbert] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Hwang, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM dshwang@mrl.ucsb.edu; hongbo.zeng@ualberta.ca
RI Hwang, Dong Soo/C-7291-2011;
OI Hwang, Dong Soo/0000-0002-2487-2255; Zeng, Hongbo/0000-0002-1432-5979
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-07-10521, DMR05-20415]; National
Institutes of Health [R01-DE018468]; Santa Barbara Foundation
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants
DMR-07-10521 (Materials World Network) and DMR05-20415 (MRSEC Program),
the National Institutes of Health under Grant R01-DE018468, and an Otis
Williams fellowship (DSH) in Bioengineering from the Santa Barbara
Foundation. We thank Prof. H. J. Cha (POSTECH) and Kollodis Biosciences
for providing recombinant mussel adhesive protein samples.
NR 29
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U2 68
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 14
BP 3232
EP 3236
DI 10.1039/c002632h
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 621HO
UT WOS:000279566800017
PM 21544267
ER
PT J
AU Hendricks, TR
Wang, W
Lee, I
AF Hendricks, Troy R.
Wang, Wei
Lee, Ilsoon
TI Buckling in nanomechanical films
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; ELASTOMERIC POLYMER; WRINKLING PATTERNS; STRESS;
INSTABILITY; RELAXATION; SURFACES; SKIN
AB Wrinkling is a common everyday occurrence. Over the last decade wrinkling in thin films has become an interesting topic. Nearly all studies to date have focused on the underlying physics or how the wrinkles can be used for a specific application. With more and more devices being created from stacked materials, a need for ways to prevent buckling has arisen. In this article we highlight the prevention of wrinkling in nanoscale thin films.
C1 [Wang, Wei; Lee, Ilsoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Hendricks, Troy R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lee, I (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM leeil@egr.msu.edu
RI Lee, Ilsoon/E-7527-2011
FU National Science Foundation [0609164, 0832730, 0928835]
FX This work was funded in part by the National Science Foundation
(0609164, 0832730, and 0928835). The contribution of T. H. to this
submission was written by the author acting in his own independent
capacity and not on behalf of UT-Battelle, LLC, or its affiliates or
successors.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 18
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 16
BP 3701
EP 3706
DI 10.1039/b925943k
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 635KW
UT WOS:000280655100001
ER
PT J
AU Tortora, L
Park, HS
Kang, SW
Savaryn, V
Hong, SH
Kaznatcheev, K
Finotello, D
Sprunt, S
Kumar, S
Lavrentovich, OD
AF Tortora, Luana
Park, Heung-Shik
Kang, Shin-Woong
Savaryn, Victoria
Hong, Seung-Ho
Kaznatcheev, Konstantine
Finotello, Daniele
Sprunt, Samuel
Kumar, Satyendra
Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
TI Self-assembly, condensation, and order in aqueous lyotropic chromonic
liquid crystals crowded with additives
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID DISODIUM-CROMOGLYCATE; WATER MESOPHASES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DNA;
BEHAVIOR; CROMOLYN; PHASES; STATE; BIREFRINGENCE; HELICES
AB Dense multicomponent systems with macromolecules and small solutes attract a broad research interest as they mimic the molecularly crowded cellular interiors. The additives can condense and align the macromolecules, but they do not change the degree of covalent polymerization. We chose a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal with reversibly and non-covalently assembled aggregates as a much softer system, reminiscent of "living polymers", to demonstrate that small neutral and charged additives cause condensation of aggregates with ensuing orientational and positional ordering and nontrivial morphologies of phase separation, such as tactoids and toroids of the nematic and hexagonal columnar phase coexisting with the isotropic melt. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) with near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analysis as well as fluorescent microscopy demonstrates segregation of the components. The observations suggest that self-assembly of chromonic aggregates in the presence of additives is controlled by both entropy effects and by specific molecular interactions and provide a new route to the regulated reversible assembly of soft materials formed by low-molecular weight components.
C1 [Tortora, Luana; Park, Heung-Shik; Savaryn, Victoria; Finotello, Daniele; Sprunt, Samuel; Kumar, Satyendra; Lavrentovich, Oleg D.] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Park, Heung-Shik; Savaryn, Victoria; Kumar, Satyendra; Lavrentovich, Oleg D.] Kent State Univ, Chem Phys Interdisciplinary Program, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Hong, Seung-Ho; Finotello, Daniele; Sprunt, Samuel; Kumar, Satyendra] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Kang, Shin-Woong] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept BIN Fus Technol, Jeonju 561756, South Korea.
[Kaznatcheev, Konstantine] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLSII Project, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Finotello, Daniele] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Mat Res, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP Lavrentovich, OD (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
EM olavrent@kent.edu
RI Savaryn, Viktoriya/P-2945-2016; Lavrentovich, Oleg/B-4996-2011; Kang,
Shin-Woong/K-1827-2015
OI Kang, Shin-Woong/0000-0002-1789-9214
FU NSF [DMR 0906751, 086991, 0710544, 0706290, 0606160]; Ohio Board of
Regents CMPND; ORS; W. M. Keck Foundation; MURI AFOSR
[FA9550-06-1-0337]; US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences
(BES), Office of Science [W-31-109-Eng-38]; US DOE, BES, Office of
Science, through the Ames Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-82]; DOE
[DE-AC02-98CHI0886]; NSERC; CIHR; NRC; University of Saskatchewan
FX We thank A. Golovin, V. Nazarenko and O. Pishnyak for fruitful
discussions. We acknowledge the role of Chithra Karunakaran and Martin
Obst (CLS) for their excellence in maintaining the STXM instrument. The
work was supported by NSF grants DMR 0906751, 086991, 0710544, 0706290
and 0606160, Ohio Board of Regents CMPND and ORS grants, W. M. Keck
Foundation grant, MURI AFOSR FA9550-06-1-0337. Use of the Advanced
Photon Source (APS) was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE),
Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Office of Science, under Contract No.
W-31-109-Eng-38. The Midwestern Universities Collaborative Access Team's
(MUCAT) sector at the APS is supported by the US DOE, BES, Office of
Science, through the Ames Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-82.
The beam line X6B at NSLS is supported by the DOE under contract
DE-AC02-98CHI0886. The Canadian Light Source (CLS) is supported by
NSERC, CIHR, NRC and the University of Saskatchewan. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the National Science Foundation.
NR 47
TC 26
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U1 1
U2 23
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 17
BP 4157
EP 4167
DI 10.1039/c0sm00065e
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 641FK
UT WOS:000281110000017
ER
PT J
AU Bastea, S
AF Bastea, Sorin
TI Diffusion and conduction in a salt-free colloidal suspension via
molecular dynamics simulations
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID THICK DOUBLE-LAYERS; CHARGED COLLOIDS; ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY;
SPHERICAL-PARTICLES; SEPARATION; POLYELECTROLYTES; RENORMALIZATION;
ELECTROLYTES
AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to determine the diffusion coefficients, electrophoretic mobilities and electrical conductivity of a charged colloidal suspension in the salt-free regime as a function of the colloid charge. The behavior of the colloidal particles' diffusion constant can be well understood in terms of two coupled effects: counterion 'condensation' and slowdown due to the relaxation effect. We find that the conductivity exhibits a maximum which approximately separates the regimes of counterion-dominated and colloid-dominated conduction. We analyze the electrophoretic mobilities and the conductivity in terms of commonly employed assumptions about the role of "free" and "condensed" counterions, and discuss different interpretations of this approach.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Bastea, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM sbastea@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 17
BP 4223
EP 4228
DI 10.1039/c0sm00198h
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 641FK
UT WOS:000281110000024
ER
PT J
AU Krishnan, AS
Seifert, S
Lee, B
Khan, SA
Spontak, RJ
AF Krishnan, Arjun S.
Seifert, Soenke
Lee, Byeongdu
Khan, Saad A.
Spontak, Richard J.
TI Cosolvent-regulated time-composition rheological equivalence in block
copolymer solutions
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; CONCENTRATION SUPERPOSITION; VISCOELASTIC
PROPERTIES; SELECTIVE SOLVENTS; MIXED-SOLVENTS; TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR;
GELS; CONFORMATION; TEMPERATURE
AB The morphological and mechanical attributes of triblock copolymer solutions composed of miscible, midblock-selective solvents are investigated by small-angle scattering and dynamic rheology. Variation in cosolvent composition at constant copolymer concentration has little effect on copolymer morphology, but promotes large differences in matrix relaxation, as evinced by changes in the shape of isothermal frequency spectra. Shifting these spectra in the frequency domain reveals the existence of time-composition equivalence, wherein shift factors scale with the viscosity of the cosolvent mixture.
C1 [Krishnan, Arjun S.; Khan, Saad A.; Spontak, Richard J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Seifert, Soenke; Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, X Ray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Spontak, Richard J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Spontak, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM Rich_Spontak@ncsu.edu
OI Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805
FU Eaton Corporation; US Department of Energy; US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by Eaton Corporation and the US Department of
Energy. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Profs. H. H.
Winter and T. P. Lodge for insightful discussions and recommendations.
NR 33
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U1 3
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 18
BP 4331
EP 4334
DI 10.1039/c0sm00573h
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 647JC
UT WOS:000281613700005
ER
PT J
AU Hong, SH
Verduzco, R
Williams, JC
Twieg, RJ
DiMasi, E
Pindak, R
Jakli, A
Gleeson, JT
Sprunt, S
AF Hong, S. H.
Verduzco, R.
Williams, J. C.
Twieg, R. J.
DiMasi, E.
Pindak, R.
Jakli, A.
Gleeson, J. T.
Sprunt, S.
TI Short-range smectic order in bent-core nematic liquid crystals
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SCATTERING; MESOPHASE; MESOGENS
AB Small angle X-ray diffraction from the uniaxial nematic phase of certain bent-core liquid crystals is shown to be consistent with the presence of molecular clusters possessing short-range tilted smectic (smectic-C) order. Persistence of these clusters throughout the nematic phase, and even into the isotropic state, likely accounts for the unusual macroscopic behavior previously reported in bent-core nematics, including an anomalously large flexoelectric effect (similar to 1000 times that of conventional calamitic nematics), very large orientational and flow viscosities (similar to 10 100 and similar to 100 1000 times, respectively, typical values for calamitics), and an extraordinary flow birefringence observed in the isotropic state.
C1 [Hong, S. H.; Gleeson, J. T.; Sprunt, S.] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Verduzco, R.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Williams, J. C.; Twieg, R. J.] Kent State Univ, Dept Chem, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[DiMasi, E.; Pindak, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Jakli, A.] Kent State Univ, Chem Phys Interdisciplinary Program, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Jakli, A.] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
RP Hong, SH (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
FU NSF [DMR-0606160]; DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX We thank Dr Lin Yang for useful conversations at NSLS pertaining to the
analysis of some of our experimental results. The Kent State authors are
grateful to the NSF for funding through grant no. DMR-0606160. The SAXS
beamline X6B at NSLS is supported by the DOE under contract
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 38
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U1 2
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 19
BP 4819
EP 4827
DI 10.1039/c000362j
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 652LN
UT WOS:000282008300025
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, CL
Kaye, MD
Zamponi, M
Mamontov, E
Tyagi, M
Jenkins, T
Rheinstadter, MC
AF Armstrong, Clare L.
Kaye, Martin D.
Zamponi, Michaela
Mamontov, Eugene
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Jenkins, Timothy
Rheinstadter, Maikel C.
TI Diffusion in single supported lipid bilayers studied by quasi-elastic
neutron scattering
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MEMBRANES; TRANSITION
AB It seems to be increasingly accepted that the diversity and composition of lipids play an important role in the function of biological membranes. A prime example of this is the case of lipid rafts; regions enriched with certain types of lipids which are speculated to be relevant to the proper functioning of membrane embedded proteins. Although the dynamics of membrane systems have been studied for decades, the microscopic dynamics of lipid molecules, even in simple model systems, is still an active topic of debate. Neutron scattering has proven to be an important tool for accessing the relevant nanometre length scale and nano to picosecond time scales, thus providing complimentary information to macroscopic techniques. Despite their potential relevance for the development of functionalized surfaces and biosensors, the study of single supported membranes using neutron scattering poses the challenge of obtaining relevant dynamic information from a sample with minimal material. Using state of the art neutron instrumentation we were, for the first time, able to model lipid diffusion in single supported lipid bilayers. We find that the diffusion coefficient for the single bilayer system is comparable to the multi-lamellar lipid system. More importantly, the molecular mechanism for lipid motion in the single bilayer was found to be a continuous diffusion, rather than the flow-like ballistic motion reported in the stacked membrane system. We observed an enhanced diffusion at the nearest neighbour distance of the lipid molecules. The enhancement and change of character of the diffusion can most likely be attributed to the effect the supporting substrate has on the lipid organization.
C1 [Armstrong, Clare L.; Kaye, Martin D.; Rheinstadter, Maikel C.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Zamponi, Michaela; Mamontov, Eugene] ORNL, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Zamponi, Michaela] FZ Julich, Julich Ctr Neutron Sci, Julich, Germany.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan; Jenkins, Timothy] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rheinstadter, Maikel C.] NRC, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON, Canada.
RP Armstrong, CL (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
EM armstc5@mcmaster.ca
RI Armstrong, Clare/B-5536-2012; Rheinstadter, Maikel/D-5322-2009; Tyagi,
Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Mamontov,
Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
National Research Council Canada (NRC); Canada Foundation for Innovation
(CFI); NSF [DMR-0454672]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy
FX This research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the National Research Council Canada
(NRC) and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI). This work utilized
facilities at the NIST Center for Neutron Research supported in part by
the NSF under agreement No. DMR-0454672. Research at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S.
Department of Energy.
NR 21
TC 20
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U1 0
U2 18
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 23
BP 5864
EP 5867
DI 10.1039/c0sm00637h
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 681KT
UT WOS:000284313700006
ER
PT J
AU Goswami, M
Sumpter, BG
Huang, TZ
Messman, JM
Gido, SP
Isaacs-Sodeye, AI
Mays, JW
AF Goswami, Monojoy
Sumpter, Bobby G.
Huang, Tianzi
Messman, Jamie M.
Gido, Samuel P.
Isaacs-Sodeye, A. I.
Mays, Jimmy W.
TI Tunable morphologies from charged block copolymers
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; POLYMER VESICLES; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; NANOCOMPOSITES;
ASSEMBLIES; TRANSITION; SIMULATION; MEMBRANES; MICELLES; DYNAMICS
AB The bulk morphologies formed by a new class of charged block copolymers, 75 vol % fluorinated polyisoprene (FPI) - 25 vol% sulfonated polystyrene (PSS) with 50% sulfonation, are characterized, and the fundamental underlying forces that promote the self-assembly processes are elucidated. The results show how the bulk morphologies are substantially different from their uncharged diblock counterparts (PS-PI) and also how morphology can be tuned with volume fraction of the charged block and the casting solvent. A physical understanding based on the underlying strong electrostatic interactions between the charged block and counterions is obtained using Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. The 75/25 FPI-PSS shows hexagonal morphologies with the minority blocks (PSS) forming the continuous phase due to charge percolation and the FPI blocks arranged in hexagonal cylinders. Some long-range order can be sustained even if lipophobicity is increased (addition of water), albeit with lower dimensional structures. However, thermal annealing provides sufficient energy to disrupt the percolated charges and promotes aggregation of ionic sites which leads to a disordered system. Diverse and atypical morphologies are readily accessible by simply changing the number distribution of the charges on the PSS block.
C1 [Goswami, Monojoy; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Messman, Jamie M.; Mays, Jimmy W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Huang, Tianzi; Mays, Jimmy W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Gido, Samuel P.; Isaacs-Sodeye, A. I.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Goswami, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM goswamim@ornl.gov
RI Goswami, Monojoy/G-7943-2012; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013
OI Goswami, Monojoy/0000-0002-4473-4888; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355
FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy;
Materials Science and Engineering Division (MSED), U.S. Department of
Energy (DoE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) [DEAC05-00OR22725];
UT-Battelle, LLC at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Army Research
Office [W911NF-04-1-0329]
FX This work was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences,
sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department
of Energy. MG and BGS thank the Materials Science and Engineering
Division (MSED), U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES) for support under Contract No. DEAC05-00OR22725 with
UT-Battelle, LLC at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). SPG and JWM
also thank the Army Research Office for support (contract #
W911NF-04-1-0329). We thank Professor Marc Hillmyer (University of
Minnesota) for helpful advice on fluorination of polydienes.
NR 44
TC 21
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U1 1
U2 41
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 24
BP 6146
EP 6154
DI 10.1039/c0sm00733a
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 687JD
UT WOS:000284773900016
ER
PT J
AU Lu, XH
Mochrie, SGJ
Narayanan, S
Sandy, AR
Sprung, M
AF Lu, Xinhui
Mochrie, S. G. J.
Narayanan, S.
Sandy, A. R.
Sprung, M.
TI Temperature-dependent structural arrest of silica colloids in a
water-lutidine binary mixture
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTON-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; CRITICAL CASIMIR
FORCES; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; HARD-SPHERICAL COLLOIDS;
GLASS-TRANSITION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; BROWNIAN-MOTION; SUSPENSIONS;
SPHERES
AB We study the onset of structural arrest and glass formation in a suspension of silica nanoparticles in a water-lutidine binary mixture near its consolute point. By exploiting the near-critical fluid degrees of freedom to control the strength of an attraction between particles and multispeckle X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy to characterize the particles' collective dynamics, we show that this model liquid undergoes a glass transition both on cooling and on heating, and that the intermediate liquid realizes unusual logarithmic relaxations. We are able to characterize in unprecedented detail how vitrification occurs for the two different glass transitions observed, and draw comparisons to recent theoretical predictions for glass formation in systems with attractive interactions.
C1 [Lu, Xinhui; Mochrie, S. G. J.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Mochrie, S. G. J.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Narayanan, S.; Sandy, A. R.; Sprung, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lu, XH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM xlu@bnl.gov
FU NSF [DMR 0906697]; DOE
FX We thank T. Chiba, E. R. Dufresne, R. L. Leheny, C. O'Hern, S. Sanis, M.
Spannuth, M. Trias, and J. Wettlaufer for discussions, B. Tieman for the
development of the "streaming" data acquisition mode, a referee of our
preliminary paper94 for key clarifications and the NSF for
support via DMR 0906697. The APS is supported by the DOE.
NR 90
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 24
BP 6160
EP 6177
DI 10.1039/c0sm00152j
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 687JD
UT WOS:000284773900018
ER
PT J
AU Pervez, S
Gopalakrishnan, G
Kirby, RM
Thakur, R
Gropp, W
AF Pervez, Salman
Gopalakrishnan, Ganesh
Kirby, Robert M.
Thakur, Rajeev
Gropp, William
TI Formal methods applied to high-performance computing software design: a
case study of MPI one-sided communication-based locking
SO SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE concurrent programming; formal verification; model checking; race
condition; SPIN; dynamic analysis; high-performance computing (HPC);
Message Passing Interface (MPI); one-sided communication
ID VERIFICATION; PROGRAMS; CORRECTNESS; CHECKING
AB There is a growing need to address the complexity of verifying the numerous concurrent protocols employed in the high-performance Computing software. Today's approaches for verification consist of testing detailed implementations of these protocols. Unfortunately, this approach can seldom show the absence of bugs, and often results in serious bugs escaping into the deployed software. An approach called Model Checking has been demonstrated to be eminently helpful in debugging these protocols early in the software life cycle by offering the ability to represent and exhaustively analyze simplified formal protocol models. The effectiveness of model checking has yet to be adequately demonstrated in high-performance computing. This paper presents a case study of a concurrent protocol that was thought to be sufficiently well tested, but proved to contain two very non-obvious deadlocks in them. These bugs were automatically detected through model checking. The protocol models in which these bugs were detected were also easy to create. Recent work in Our group demonstrates that even this tedium of model creation can be eliminated by employing dynamic source-code-level analysis methods. Our case study comes from the important domain of Message Passing Interface (MPI)-based programming, which is universally employed for simulating and predicting anything from the structural integrity of combustion chambers to the path of hurricanes. We argue that model checking must be taught as well as used widely within HPC, given this and similar success stories. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Gopalakrishnan, Ganesh; Kirby, Robert M.] Univ Utah, Sch Comp, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Pervez, Salman] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Gopalakrishnan, G (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Comp, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM ganesh@cs.utah.edu
OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029
FU NSF [CNS-0509379, CCF-0811429]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing;
Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER25835]
FX Contract/grant sponsor: NSF; contract/grant numbers: CNS-0509379,
CCF-0811429; Contract/grant sponsor: Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing; Contract/grant sponsor: Office of Science; Contract/grant
sponsor: U.S. Department of Energy; contract/grant number:
DE-FG02-08ER25835
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0644
J9 SOFTWARE PRACT EXPER
JI Softw.-Pract. Exp.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 1
BP 23
EP 43
DI 10.1002/spe.946
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 544OA
UT WOS:000273666300002
ER
PT J
AU Martin, MZ
Labbe, N
Andre, N
Wullschleger, SD
Harris, RD
Ebinger, MH
AF Martin, Madhavi Z.
Labbe, Nicole
Andre, Nicolas
Wullschleger, Stan D.
Harris, Ronny D.
Ebinger, Michael H.
TI Novel Multivariate Analysis for Soil Carbon Measurements Using
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; AGRICULTURAL
SOILS; PREDICTION; SCATTERING; WOOD
AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), a rapid and potentially field-deployable technology for estimating total C in soil, represents a novel approach to address important issues in soil science and C management. Our study his shown that models relating LIBS signal intensity at 247.85 run to total C concentration determined by dry combustion vary as a function of elemental and textural characteristics of the soil, and, to a lesser extent, wavelength and excitation energy of the laser. To better quantify these sources of variation, two wavelengths and three excitation energies were used to analyze soils from various locations. The emission line of C at 247.85 nm was pronounced at an excitation wavelength of 532 rim and energy of 45 mJ, but it was largely obscured by the 248.9-nm Fe line at 1064 rim and excitation energies of 90 and 135 mJ. Univariate analysis revealed linear but soil-specific correlations between the signal intensity at 247.85 rim and total C concentration. A single and robust calibration model correlating LIBS spectra, collected at a laser wavelength of 532 rim and an excitation energy of 45 mJ, to C concentration in all samples was obtained using a multivariate approach. Several emission lines in addition to the strong C line contributed significantly to the multivariate model. These results show, that multivariate analysis can be used to construct a robust calibration model for LIBS spectra and therein provide a reliable estimate of total soil C. Such results must be confirmed for a broader range of soils, yet crop and soil scientists, C managers, and instrument developers should find these results encouraging.
C1 [Labbe, Nicole; Andre, Nicolas] Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Martin, Madhavi Z.; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Harris, Ronny D.; Ebinger, Michael H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Labbe, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, 2506 Jacob Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM nlabbe@utk.edu
RI Martin, Madhavi/A-5268-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012;
OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Martin,
Madhavi/0000-0002-6677-2180
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science through the
Consortium for Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems; DOE
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy
Technology Laboratory
FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental Research program through the Consortium for Carbon
Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Oak Ridge National Laboratory
is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under Contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725. Research at Los Alamos National Laboratory was
supported by the DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy
Technology Laboratory. We thank the USDA NRCS for supplying the soil
samples, and Deanne Brice and Clifton Meyer for their help with sample
preparation and LIBS measurements.
NR 28
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 17
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 1
BP 87
EP 93
DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0102
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 543LM
UT WOS:000273579100011
ER
PT J
AU Knox, AS
Nelson, EA
Halverson, NV
Gladden, JB
AF Knox, Anna Sophia
Nelson, Eric A.
Halverson, Nancy V.
Gladden, John B.
TI Long-Term Performance of a Constructed Wetland for Metal Removal
SO SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION
LA English
DT Article
DE constructed wetlands; contaminants; metals; removal; sediment
ID SEDIMENT
AB Constructed wetlands have the ability to economically remove pollutants from water and retain them in sediment. This paper describes the long-term performance of a constructed wetland for metal removal, including the efficiency of metal removal, and the retention of metals in the wetland sediment. It is based on four years of data collected from the A-01 wetland treatment system, a surface flow wetland planted with Schoenoplectus californicus (giant bulrush). The system is designed to remove Cu and other metals from the A-01 National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) outfall effluent at the Savannah River Site near Aiken, SC. Copper, Zn, and Pb concentrations in water were usually reduced 60 to 80% during passage through the A-01 treatment system. Most of the metal removed by the wetland cells was accumulated in the two top layers of the substrate; i.e., the floc and organic layers. This gradient was strongly correlated with percent organic matter, pH, and the concentration of all metals. These results showed that most metals in the A-01 wetland sediments behaved similarly: their concentrations decreased as sediment depth increased.
C1 [Knox, Anna Sophia; Nelson, Eric A.; Halverson, Nancy V.; Gladden, John B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Knox, AS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM anna.knox@srnl.doe.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470]
FX This document was generated by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC
under Contract No. DE-AC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Extensive collaboration with Clemson University and Weston Engineering
was essential during the design and construction phases of the wetland
facility.
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1532-0383
J9 SOIL SEDIMENT CONTAM
JI Soil. Sediment. Contam.
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 6
BP 667
EP 685
AR PII 928176412
DI 10.1080/15320383.2010.515628
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 665WX
UT WOS:000283068600003
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, F
Hu, J
Matulionis, I
Deutsch, T
Gaillard, N
Miller, E
Madan, A
AF Zhu, Feng
Hu, Jian
Matulionis, Ilvydas
Deutsch, Todd
Gaillard, Nicolas
Miller, Eric
Madan, Arun
BE Rugescu, RD
TI Amorphous Silicon Carbide Photoelectrode for Hydrogen Production from
Water using Sunlight
SO SOLAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SILANE-METHANE PLASMA; SOLAR-CELL; ELECTRODES; DEVICE
C1 [Zhu, Feng; Hu, Jian; Matulionis, Ilvydas; Madan, Arun] MVSystems Inc, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Deutsch, Todd] Univ Hawaii Manoa, HNEI, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Gaillard, Nicolas; Miller, Eric] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Zhu, F (reprint author), MVSystems Inc, 500 Corp Circle,Suite L, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INTECH EUROPE
PI RIJEKA
PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA
BN 978-953-307-052-0
PY 2010
BP 353
EP 374
PG 22
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BD7WG
UT WOS:000363646200016
ER
PT S
AU Henderson, MA
Shutthanandan, V
Ohsawa, T
Chambers, SA
AF Henderson, M. A.
Shutthanandan, V.
Ohsawa, T.
Chambers, S. A.
BE Idriss, H
Wang, H
TI Structural Environment of Nitrogen in N-doped Rutile TiO(2)(110)
SO SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology V
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
ID VISIBLE-LIGHT; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; TIO2; PHOTOCATALYSIS; PHOTOACTIVITY;
ANATASE; SURFACE; ORIGIN
AB We employ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) to characterize the concentration-dependent structural properties of nitrogen doping into rutile TiO(2). High quality N-doped TiO(2) were prepared on rutile single crystal TiO(2)(110) substrates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma and Ti effusive sources. Films with N dopant concentrations at or below 2 at.% exhibited predominately substitutional doping based on NRA data, whereas films with concentrations above this limit resulted in little or no substitutional N and surfaces rich in Ti(3+). The binding energy of the N 1s feature in XPS did not readily distinguish between these two extremes in N-doping, rendering features within 0.4 eV of each other and similar peak profiles. Although widely used to characterize the state of N in anion-doped TiO(2) materials, we find that XPS is unsuitable for this task.
C1 [Henderson, M. A.; Ohsawa, T.; Chambers, S. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ma.henderson@pnl.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8266-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7770
AR 777007
DI 10.1117/12.862297
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSY06
UT WOS:000286094200003
ER
PT S
AU Mayer, MA
Speaks, DT
Yu, KM
Mao, SS
Haller, EE
Walukiewicz, W
AF Mayer, Marie A.
Speaks, Derrick T.
Yu, Kin Man
Mao, Samuel S.
Haller, Eugene E.
Walukiewicz, Wladek
BE Idriss, H
Wang, H
TI Band structure engineering of ZnO(1-x)Se(x) alloys
SO SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology V
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE oxide films; band gap engineering; photoelectrochemistry
ID OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS; WATER
AB ZnO(1-x)Se(x) films have been prepared through pulsed laser deposition as a step toward stable films with a band gap appropriate for water splitting. The films show a clear red shift in absorption with increasing Se content and a shift in the flat band voltage toward spontaneity. Due to the films' electron affinities, there exists a natural tunnel junction between these n- ZnO(1-x)Se(x) films when grown on the p-side of a Si diode. The overall performance, emphasized by flat band potential measurements, can be improved by growing films on Si p-n diodes.
C1 [Mayer, Marie A.; Speaks, Derrick T.; Yu, Kin Man; Haller, Eugene E.; Walukiewicz, Wladek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mayer, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mamayer@berkeley.edu
OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8266-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7770
AR 77700C
DI 10.1117/12.859482
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSY06
UT WOS:000286094200004
ER
PT S
AU Wood, BC
Ogitsu, T
Schwegler, E
AF Wood, Brandon C.
Ogitsu, Tadashi
Schwegler, Eric
BE Idriss, H
Wang, H
TI Ab-initio modeling of water-semiconductor interfaces for direct
solar-to-chemical energy conversion
SO SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology V
CY AUG 03-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Photoelectrochemical; hydrogen production; III-V semiconductors; indium
phosphide
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY;
DYNAMICS
AB We perform extensive density-functional theory total-energy calculations and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate the stability and reactivity of surface oxides and hydroxides of InP(001) for photoelectrochemical water cleavage. In order to achieve maximal accuracy, our simulations include the full interface between the semiconductor surface and liquid water. Certain oxide contaminants are found to have a dramatic impact on the surface reactivity, pointing to the importance of surface oxide and hydroxide intermediates in facilitating the water-dissociation component of the hydrogen evolution process. Our results are used to relate the chemical activity of the surface towards water dissociation to the oxygen bond topology. The importance of the liquid hydrogen-bond network near the interface is discussed, particularly in relation to the generation of local configurations favorable for dissociative water adsorption on InP(001).
C1 [Wood, Brandon C.; Ogitsu, Tadashi; Schwegler, Eric] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Quantum Simulat Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Wood, BC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Quantum Simulat Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM wood37@llnl.gov
RI Schwegler, Eric/F-7294-2010; Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016
OI Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8266-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7770
AR 77700E
DI 10.1117/12.860770
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSY06
UT WOS:000286094200005
ER
PT J
AU Tracy, LA
Eng, K
Childs, K
Carroll, MS
Lilly, MP
AF Tracy, L. A.
Eng, K.
Childs, K.
Carroll, M. S.
Lilly, M. P.
TI Enhancement of valley splitting in (100) Si MOSFETs at high magnetic
fields
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Two-dimensional electron systems; Quantum Hall effect; Electronic
transport
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; SILICON INVERSION-LAYERS; SURFACE;
ACTIVATION; INTERFACE; DENSITY; STATES; GAS
AB We report the density and magnetic field dependence of the valley splitting of two-dimensional electrons in (100) Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, as determined via activation measurements in the quantum Hall regime. We find that the valley activation gap can be greatly enhanced at high magnetic fields as compared to the bare valley splitting. The observation of strong dependence of the valley activation gap on orbital Landau level occupancy and similar behavior of nearby spin gaps suggest that electron-electron interactions play a large role in the observed enhancement. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Tracy, L. A.; Lilly, M. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Tracy, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800,MS 1314, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM latracy@sandia.gov
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National
Laboratories; Lockheed-Martin Company; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX We would like to thank S. Das Sarma, B. Koiller, and M. Friesen for
helpful discussions. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for
Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
user facility, and was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company,
for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 5-6
BP 231
EP 234
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2009.11.015
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 554UE
UT WOS:000274459600001
ER
PT S
AU Do, BT
Smith, AV
AF Do, Binh T.
Smith, Arlee V.
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Deterministic single shot and multiple shots bulk damage thresholds for
doped and undoped, crystalline and ceramic YAG
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
AB We used 9.9-ns, single-longitudinal-mode, TEM(00) pulses tightly focused to an 8-micron radius spot to measure single-shot and multiple-shot damage thresholds of pure and Nd-doped ceramic Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG), and of pure, Nd-doped, Cr-doped, and Yb-doped crystalline YAG. By tightly focusing the laser beam, we kept the damage threshold powers below the SBS threshold, and minimized the effect of self focusing. The size of the focus spot was measured using surface third harmonic generation.
We found both single-shot and multiple-shot damage thresholds to be deterministic. At the single-shot damage threshold in YAG, breakdown always occurs on the trailing edge of the laser pulse. However, for multiple-shot damage threshold, breakdown occurs at the peak of the n(th) laser pulse.
Our measured damage thresholds for doped and undoped, ceramic and crystalline YAG range from 1.1 to 2.2 kJ/cm(2). We also report some damage morphologies in crystalline YAG.
C1 [Do, Binh T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87105 USA.
[Smith, Arlee V.] AS Photon, Albuquerque, NM 87112 USA.
RP Do, BT (reprint author), Ball Aerosp Technol Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 75781V
DI 10.1117/12.841485
PG 13
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100056
ER
PT J
AU Ye, XG
Smith, RB
Cui, ST
de Almeida, V
Khomami, B
AF Ye, Xianggui
Smith, R. Bryan
Cui, Shengting
de Almeida, Valmor
Khomami, Bamin
TI Influence of Nitric Acid on Uranyl Nitrate Association in Aqueous
Solutions: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Uranyl nitrate; TBP; complex; equilibrium constant; molecular dynamics;
extraction
ID COORDINATION ENVIRONMENT; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; COMPLEX-FORMATION; WATER
MODEL; EXTRACTION; TBP; HYDRATION; ION; PERCHLORATE; CHLORIDE
AB Uranyl ion complexation with water and nitrate is a key aspect of the uranium/plutonium extraction process. We have carried out a molecular dynamics simulation study to investigate this complexation process, including the molecular composition of the various complex species, the corresponding structure, and the equilibrium distribution of the complexes. The observed structures of the complexes suggest that in aqueous solution, uranyls are generally hydrated by 5 water molecules in the equatorial plane. When associating with nitrate ions, a water molecule is replaced by a nitrate ion, preserving the five-fold coordination and planar symmetry. Analysis of the pair correlation function between uranyl and nitrate suggests that nitrates bind to uranyl in aqueous solution mainly in a monodentate mode, although a small portion of bidentates occur. Dynamic association and dissociation between uranyls and nitrates take place in aqueous solution with a substantial amount of fluctuation in the number of various uranyl nitrate species. The average number of the uranyl mononitrate complexes shows a dependence on acid concentration consistent with equilibrium-constant analysis, namely, the concentration of [UO(2)NO(3)](+) increases with nitric acid concentration.
C1 [Ye, Xianggui; Smith, R. Bryan; Cui, Shengting; Khomami, Bamin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, MRAIL, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[de Almeida, Valmor] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Cui, ST (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, MRAIL, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM scui@utk.edu; bkhomami@utk.edu
RI de Almeida, Valmor/P-5498-2016
OI de Almeida, Valmor/0000-0003-0899-695X
FU Joint Directed Research and Development program at the University of
Tennessee; U.S. Department of Energy [DE AC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Bruce Moyer and Benjamin Hay of Oak
Ridge National Laboratory for stimulating discussions during the course
of this work. The work is supported by a Joint Directed Research and
Development program at the University of Tennessee and a Laboratory
Directed Research and Development project (ORNL), managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE
AC05-00OR22725.
NR 34
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 1
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1080/07366290903409092
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 590AI
UT WOS:000277195100001
ER
PT J
AU Delmau, LH
Birdwell, JF
McFarlane, J
Moyer, BA
AF Delmau, Laetitia H.
Birdwell, Joseph F., Jr.
McFarlane, Joanna
Moyer, Bruce A.
TI Robustness of the CSSX Process to Feed Variation: Efficient Cesium
Removal from the High Potassium Wastes at Hanford
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cesium; nuclear waste; potassium; nitrate; hydroxide; solvent extraction
process; flow sheet
ID SIDE SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; HIGH-LEVEL WASTE; TANK WASTE; MODIFIERS;
1,3-ALTERNATE; SYSTEMS; NITRATE; ARENE; CROWN
AB This contribution finds the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process to be effective for the removal of cesium from the Hanford tank-waste supernatant solutions. The Hanford waste types are more challenging than those at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in that they contain significantly higher levels of potassium, the chief competing ion in the extraction of cesium. By use of a computerized CSSX thermodynamic model, it was calculated that the higher levels of potassium depress the cesium distribution ratio (DCs), as validated to within +/-11% by the measurement of DCs values on various Hanford waste-simulant compositions. A simple analog model equation that can be readily applied in a spreadsheet for estimating the DCs values for the varying waste compositions was developed and shown to yield nearly identical estimates as the computerized CSSX model. It is concluded from the batch distribution experiments, the physical-property measurements, the equilibrium modeling, the flowsheet calculations, and the contactor sizing that the CSSX process as currently formulated for cesium removal from alkaline salt waste at the SRS is capable of treating similar Hanford tank feeds, albeit with more stages. For the most challenging Hanford waste composition tested, 31 stages would be required to provide a cesium decontamination factor (DF) of 5000 and a concentration factor (CF) of 2. Commercial contacting equipment with rotor diameters of 10 in. for extraction and 5 in. for stripping should have the capacity to meet throughput requirements, but testing will be required to confirm that the needed efficiency and hydraulic performance are actually obtainable. Markedly improved flowsheet performance was calculated based on experimental distribution ratios determined for an improved solvent formulation employing the more soluble cesium extractant BEHBCalixC6 used with alternative scrub and strip solutions, respectively 0.1 M NaOH and 0.010 M boric acid. The improved solvent and flowsheet can meet minimum requirements (DF - 5000 and CF - 2) with 15 stages or more ambitious goals (DF - 40,000 and CF - 15) with 19 stages. Thus, a modular CSSX application for the Hanford waste seems readily obtainable with further short-term development.
C1 [Moyer, Bruce A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, MS-6119-4500S,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM moyerba@ornl.gov
RI Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016; McFarlane, Joanna/C-5998-2016
OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277; McFarlane, Joanna/0000-0002-4112-5104
FU CH2MHILL Hanford Group for the Office of River Protection, Office of
Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy; Offices of Science
and Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors are grateful to Cognis Corporation for the gift of a sample
of LIX 79 and to ChemoDynamics for the gift of a sample of BEHB. This
research was jointly sponsored by CH2MHILL Hanford Group for the Office
of River Protection, Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department
of Energy, and the Environmental Management Science Program of the
Offices of Science and Environmental Management, U.S. Department of
Energy, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 34
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 1
BP 19
EP 48
DI 10.1080/07366290903408433
PG 30
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 590AI
UT WOS:000277195100002
ER
PT J
AU Zalupski, PR
Herbst, RS
Delmau, LH
Martin, LR
Peterman, DR
Nash, KL
AF Zalupski, P. R.
Herbst, R. S.
Delmau, L. H.
Martin, L. R.
Peterman, D. R.
Nash, K. L.
TI Two-Phase Calorimetry. II. Studies on the Thermodynamics of Cesium and
Strontium Extraction by Mixtures of H+CCD- and PEG-400 in FS-13
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermochemistry; calorimetry; cesium; strontium; chlorinated cobalt
dicarbollide; polyethylene glycol; FS-13; solvent extraction
ID FUNDAMENTAL CHEMISTRY; UNEX PROCESS; SEPARATION; NITROBENZENE; ION;
ACTINIDES; NITRATE; CATIONS; ANIONS; WASTE
AB Thermochemical characterization of the partitioning of cesium and strontium from nitric acid solutions into mixtures of the acid form of chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (H+CCD-) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) in FS-13 diluent has been completed using isothermal titration microcalorimetry and radiotracer distribution methods. The phase transfer reaction for Cs+ is a straightforward (H+ for Cs+) cation exchange reaction. In contrast, the extraction of Sr2+ does not proceed in the absence of the co-solvent molecule PEG-400. This molecule is believed to facilitate the dehydration of the Sr2+ aquo cation to overcome its resistance to partitioning. The phase transfer reactions for both Cs+ and Sr2+ are enthalpy driven (exothermic), but partially compensated by an unfavorable entropy. The results of the calorimetry studies suggest that the PEG-400 functions as a stoichiometric phase transfer reagent rather than acting simply as a phase transfer catalyst or phase modifier. The calorimetry results also demonstrate that the extraction of Sr2+ is complex, including evidence for both the partitioning of Sr(NO3)(+) and endothermic ion pairing interactions in the organic phase that contribute to the net enthalpic effect. The thermodynamics of the liquid-liquid distribution equilibria are discussed mainly considering the basic features of the ion solvation thermochemistry.
C1 [Zalupski, P. R.; Nash, K. L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Zalupski, P. R.; Herbst, R. S.; Martin, L. R.; Peterman, D. R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Delmau, L. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Zalupski, PR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM peter.zalupski@inl.gov; knash@wsu.edu
RI Martin, Leigh/P-3167-2016
OI Martin, Leigh/0000-0001-7241-7110
FU PRZ [11W-2452-0742]; Idaho National Laboratory; Laboratory Director's
Research and Development program
FX Work by PRZ was supported under subcontract number 11W-2452-0742 with
the Idaho National Laboratory, the Laboratory Director's Research and
Development program.
NR 21
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 2
BP 161
EP 183
DI 10.1080/07366290903408482
PG 23
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 590AJ
UT WOS:000277195200001
ER
PT J
AU Lumetta, GJ
Gelis, AV
Vandegrift, GF
AF Lumetta, Gregg J.
Gelis, Artem V.
Vandegrift, George F.
TI Review: Solvent Systems Combining Neutral and Acidic Extractants for
Separating Trivalent Lanthanides from the Transuranic Elements
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Review
DE Lanthanide separation; actinide separation; lanthanide/actinide
separation; mixed solvent
ID MINOR ACTINIDES; NITRIC-ACID; SUBSTITUTED MALONAMIDES; 2-BROMODECANOIC
ACID; SYNERGISTIC MIXTURES; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; PHOSPHORIC-ACID; DIAMEX
PROCESS; AM(III); BEHAVIOR
AB This paper is a review of recent publications that have focused on combined extractant systems for separating trivalent actinides from the lanthanides. These mixed solvent systems combine an acidic extractant with a neutral extractant to achieve the actinide/lanthanide separation. Depending on the neutral extractant used, three categorizations of systems can be considered, including combinations of acidic extractants with 1) diamides, 2) carbamoylmethylphosphine oxides, and 3) polydentate nitrogen-donor ligands. This review of relevant publications indicates that, although there is significant potential for practical exploitation of mixed neutral/acidic extractant systems to achieve a single-step separation of trivalent actinides from acidic high-level waste solutions, the fundamental chemistry underlying these combined systems is not yet well understood. For example, although there is strong evidence suggesting that adducts form between the neutral and acidic extractants, the nature of these adducts generally is not known. Likewise, the structures of the mixed complexes formed between the metal ions and the two different extractants are not fully understood. Research into these basic phenomena likely will provide clues about how to design practical mixed-extractant systems that can be used to efficiently separate the transuranic elements from the lanthanides and other components of irradiated fuel.
C1 [Lumetta, Gregg J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Gelis, Artem V.; Vandegrift, George F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lumetta, GJ (reprint author), POB 999,MSIN P7-25, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM gregg.lumetta@pnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, through the
Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear
Energy, through the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative. Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the
U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 42
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 3
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 3
BP 287
EP 312
DI 10.1080/07366291003684253
PG 26
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 590AM
UT WOS:000277195500001
ER
PT J
AU Leggett, CJ
Liu, GK
Jensen, MP
AF Leggett, Christina J.
Liu, Guokui
Jensen, Mark P.
TI Do Aqueous Ternary Complexes Influence the TALSPEAK Process?
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE TALSPEAK; lanthanide; actinide; ternary complexes; DTPA; lactic acid
ID TRIVALENT LANTHANIDE; NEODYMIUM(III) COMPLEXES; STABILITY-CONSTANTS;
ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; HYDRATION STATES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; LUMINESCENCE;
EXTRACTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ION
AB The aqueous speciation of trivalent lanthanide and actinide cations in solutions containing DTPA (diethylenetriamine-N,N,N',N',N ''-pentaacetic acid) and lactic acid were studied under conditions representative of the TALSPEAK process. Spectrophotometric titrations, fluorescence spectroscopy, and thermometric titrations were used to search for indications of ternary metal-DTPA-lactate complexes. The addition of lactate anions to metal-DTPA complexes was undetectable by any of these techniques, even at free lactate concentrations of 0.75 M. Although lactic acid is necessary for the optimal performance of the TALSPEAK process, we find that the fractions of aqueous ternary Ln(3+)/An(3+)-DTPA-lactate complexes are far too low to account for the observed acid dependence of TALSPEAK metal extraction.
C1 [Liu, Guokui; Jensen, Mark P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Leggett, Christina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jensen, MP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM mjensen@anl.gov
RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012
OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary of the Office of Nuclear
Energy, Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. DOE
Office of Basic Energy Science; U.S. DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive
Waste Management
FX Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Assistant Secretary of the Office of Nuclear Energy, Advanced
Fuel Cycle Initiative, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. G.L. is
supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Science. C.J.L. was
supported by a U.S. DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
Fellowship while working at Argonne.
NR 46
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
EI 1532-2262
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 3
BP 313
EP 334
DI 10.1080/07366291003684113
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 590AM
UT WOS:000277195500002
ER
PT J
AU Mincher, BJ
Modolo, G
Mezyk, SP
AF Mincher, Bruce J.
Modolo, Giuseppe
Mezyk, Stephen P.
TI Review: The Effects of Radiation Chemistry on Solvent Extraction 4:
Separation of the Trivalent Actinides and Considerations for
Radiation-Resistant Solvent Systems
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Review
DE Actinide extraction; lanthanide extraction; BTPs; BTBPs; TALSPEAK;
SANEX; dithiophosphinic acids; free radicals; G-values; radiation
chemistry
ID HARMFUL RADIOLYTIC PRODUCTS; GAS-LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER
MIXED-SOLVENTS; HYDROGEN-ATOMS; RATE CONSTANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION;
SELECTIVE EXTRACTION; ACTINIDE(III)/LANTHANIDE(III) SEPARATION;
TRIBUTYL-PHOSPHATE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY
AB The separation of trivalent actinides from the landthanides is possibly the most formidable challenge associated with the new fuel cycle. Research is underway on three continents to solve this problem. The ligand and solvent formulation adopted will need to be robust in a high radiation environment. Solvent systems currently under consideration are examined here from a radiation chemical perspective, and their performance under irradiation is decribed. This series of reviews is concluded with a summary of the important radiation chemical reactions related to the fuel cycle, and recommendations for stable ligand design.
C1 [Mincher, Bruce J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Modolo, Giuseppe] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst Energy Res Safety Res & Reactor Technol, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Mezyk, Stephen P.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Chem & Biochem, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
RP Mincher, BJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM bruce.mincher@inl.gov
RI Mincher, Bruce/C-7758-2017;
OI Modolo, Giuseppe/0000-0001-6490-5595
NR 65
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 4
BP 415
EP 436
AR PII 922813008
DI 10.1080/07366299.2010.485548
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 606JL
UT WOS:000278420800001
ER
PT J
AU Herbst, RS
Peterman, DR
Zalupski, PR
Nash, KL
Tillotson, RD
Delmau, LH
AF Herbst, R. Scott
Peterman, Dean R.
Zalupski, Peter R.
Nash, Ken L.
Tillotson, Richard D.
Delmau, Laetitia H.
TI Thermodynamics of Cesium Extraction from Acidic Media by HCCD and PEG
SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cesium; HCCD; PEG; solvent extraction; FS-13; SXLSQI mode
ID CHEMISTRY; PEG-400; FS-13
AB In this study, details of cesium extraction from nitrate media using chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (HCCD) dissolved in the polar phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone (FS-13) diluent have been examined. It has been verified that Cs+ phase transfer is based solely on cation exchange (H+ for Cs+) that is, that a previously reported nitrate dependency arises from nonideal behavior of solute species. The enthalpy and entropy of the system calculated using appropriate corrections to the van't Hoff analysis are found to be in good agreement with independently measured calorimetry results. Finally, it is demonstrated that synergistic extraction of Cs+ by HCCD and PEG does not occur. Although there is a definite interaction between HCCD and PEG (and it is well established that this interaction is responsible for the extraction of Sr2+), this association is actually antagonistic to the extraction of Cs+.
C1 [Delmau, Laetitia H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Herbst, R. Scott; Peterman, Dean R.; Zalupski, Peter R.; Tillotson, Richard D.] INL, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Zalupski, Peter R.; Nash, Ken L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Delmau, LH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM delmaulh@ornl.gov
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program, U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC07-99ID13727]
FX This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program, U.S. Department of Energy, under DOE Idaho
Operations Office contract DE-AC07-99ID13727 with Idaho National
Laboratory, managed by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0736-6299
J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC
JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 5
BP 563
EP 578
AR PII 926296129
DI 10.1080/07366299.2010.502865
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 643RP
UT WOS:000281316400001
ER
PT S
AU Henderson, JR
Nikolaev, S
Phillion, DW
De Vries, WH
Pertica, AJ
Olivier, SS
AF Henderson, John R.
Nikolaev, Sergei
Phillion, Donald W.
De Vries, Willem H.
Pertica, Alexander J.
Olivier, Scot S.
BE Cox, JL
Bester, MG
Fink, W
TI Intelligent sensor tasking for space collision mitigation
SO SPACE MISSIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Missions and Technologies
CY APR 05-06, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Space situational awareness; space flight safety; conjunction analysis;
telescope network; high performance computing; modeling and simulation
AB Orbital collisions pose a hazard to space operations. Using a high performance computer modeling and simulation environment for space situational awareness, we explore a new paradigm for improving satellite conjunction analysis by obtaining more precise orbital information only for those objects that pose a collision risk greater than a defined threshold to a specific set of satellites during a specified time interval. In particular, we assess the improvement in the quality of the conjunction analysis that can be achieved using a distributed network of ground-based telescopes.
C1 [Henderson, John R.; Nikolaev, Sergei; Phillion, Donald W.; De Vries, Willem H.; Pertica, Alexander J.; Olivier, Scot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Henderson, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM olivier1@llnl.gov
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8155-9
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7691
AR 76910L
DI 10.1117/12.850794
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BSS83
UT WOS:000285717200014
ER
PT S
AU Bradley, PA
Plesko, CS
Clement, RRC
Conlon, LM
Weaver, RP
Guzik, JA
Pritchett-Sheats, LA
Huebner, WF
AF Bradley, P. A.
Plesko, C. S.
Clement, R. R. C.
Conlon, L. M.
Weaver, R. P.
Guzik, J. A.
Pritchett-Sheats, L. A.
Huebner, W. F.
BE Robertson, GA
TI Challenges of Deflecting an Asteroid or Comet Nucleus with a Nuclear
Burst
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Impact Phenomena; Orbital Dynamics; Asteroids; Comets
ID IRAS-ARAKI-ALCOCK; IMPACT HAZARD; 1983 VII; EARTH
AB There are many natural disasters that humanity has to deal with over time. These include earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods, asteroid strikes, and so on. Some of these disasters occur slowly enough that some advance warning is possible for affected areas. In this case, the response is to evacuate the affected area and deal with the damage later. The Katrina and Rita hurricane evacuations on the U.S. Gulf Coast in 2005 demonstrated the chaos that can result from such a response. In contrast with other natural disasters, it is likely that an asteroid or comet nucleus on a collision course with Earth will be detected with enough warning time to possibly deflect it away. Thanks to Near-Earth Object (NEO) surveys, people are working towards a goal of cataloging at least 90% of all near-Earth objects with diameters larger than similar to 140 meters in the next fifteen years. The important question then, is how to mitigate the threat from an asteroid or comet nucleus found to be on a collision course with Earth. In this paper, we briefly review some possible deflection methods, describe their good and bad points, and then embark on a more detailed description of using nuclear munitions in a standoff mode to deflect the asteroid or comet nucleus before it can hit Earth.
C1 [Bradley, P. A.; Plesko, C. S.; Clement, R. R. C.; Conlon, L. M.; Weaver, R. P.; Guzik, J. A.; Pritchett-Sheats, L. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Huebner, W. F.] Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
RP Bradley, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM pbradley@lanl.gov
OI Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 430
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326272
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100039
ER
PT S
AU Scarpine, VE
Kent, SM
Deustua, SE
Sholl, MJ
Mufson, SL
Ott, MN
Wiesner, MP
Baptista, BJ
AF Scarpine, Victor E.
Kent, Stephen M.
Deustua, Susana E.
Sholl, Michael J.
Mufson, Stuart L.
Ott, Melanie N.
Wiesner, Matthew P.
Baptista, Brian J.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI The Ring of Fire - An Internal Illumination System for Detector
Sensitivity and Filter Bandpass Characterization
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Calibration; Telescope; Illumination
AB We describe a prototype of an illumination system, the Ring of Fire (ROF), which is used as part of an internal calibration system for large focal plane detector arrays in TMA (Three Mirror Anastigmat) telescope designs. Such designs have been proposed for the SNAP (SuperNova Acceleration Probe) version of a Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM). The ROF system illuminates the focal plane with a light beam the closely matches that of the telescope and is used for creating high spatial frequency flat fields and monitoring filter bandpasses for experiments that demand a highly accurate characterization of the detectors. We present measurements of a mockup of this prototype ROF design including studies in variations in illumination across a large focal plane.
C1 [Scarpine, Victor E.; Kent, Stephen M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Scarpine, VE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM scarpine@fnal.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77313E
DI 10.1117/12.857695
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600109
ER
PT S
AU Brown, GV
Beiersdorfer, P
Clementson, J
Dunn, J
Kelley, RL
Kilbourne, CA
Leutenegger, M
Magee, EW
Park, J
Porter, FS
Schneider, M
Trabert, E
AF Brown, G. V.
Beiersdorfer, P.
Clementson, J.
Dunn, J.
Kelley, R. L.
Kilbourne, C. A.
Leutenegger, M.
Magee, E. W.
Park, J.
Porter, F. S.
Schneider, M.
Traebert, E.
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI A Brief Overview of the Fusion and Astrophysics Data and Diagnostic
Calibration Facility
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE X-ray; spectroscopy; spectrometer; calorimeter; astrophysics; high
energy density physics; calibration
ID BEAM ION-TRAP; SOFT-X-RAY; HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; ELECTRON-BEAM; LINE
EMISSION; SPECTROMETER; POLARIZATION; INSTRUMENT; REGION; FE
AB The Fusion and Astrophysics (FAST) Data and Diagnostic Calibration Facility located at the Lawrence Liver-more National Laboratory is a state-of-the-art facility used to calibrate radiation based diagnostics and study atomic processes for investigating fusion and astrophysical plasmas. FAST has at its disposal a full suite of radiation generation and detection devices, including two electron beam ion traps: EBIT-I and SuperEBIT and an absolutely calibrated x-ray calorimeter spectrometer. FAST covers the energy range between 0.01 and 100 keV, and can thus be used to calibrate a variety of plasma diagnostics. Instrument parameters that can be calibrated include line profiles, transmission and reflection efficiencies, and the quantum efficiency of grating and crystal spectrometers and solid state detectors. FAST can be used to test fully integrated instrumentation, and is ideal for spectrometers and detectors to be flown on orbiting observatories, sounding rockets, used as ground support equipment to verify flight instrumentation, in laboratory astrophysics experiments, and to diagnose magnetic and inertial confinement fusion plasmas. Here we present an overview of the calibration capabilities of this facility including some results.
C1 [Brown, G. V.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Clementson, J.; Dunn, J.; Magee, E. W.; Park, J.; Schneider, M.; Traebert, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Brown, GV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM gregbrown@llnl.gov
RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012
OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119;
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77324Q
DI 10.1117/12.857555
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200150
ER
PT S
AU Tanabe, T
Chubar, O
Harder, DA
Lehecka, M
Rank, J
Rakowsky, G
Spataro, C
AF Tanabe, Toshiya
Chubar, Oleg
Harder, David A.
Lehecka, Michael
Rank, James
Rakowsky, George
Spataro, Charles
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Cryogenic Field Measurement of Pr2Fe14B Undulator and Performance
Enhancement Options at the NSLS-II
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE synchrotron radiation instrumentation; storage ring; permanent magnet;
cryogenic
AB Short period (14.5mm) hybrid undulator arrays composed of Praseodymium Iron Boron (Pr2Fe14B) magnets (CR53, NEOMAX, Inc.) and vanadium permendur poles have been fabricated at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Unlike Neodymium Iron Boron (Nd2Fe14B) magnets which exhibit spin reorientation at a temperatures below 150K, PrFeB arrays monotonically increase performance with lower operating temperature. It opens up the possibility for use in operating a cryo-permanent magnet undulator (CPMU) in the range of 40K to 60K where very efficient cryocoolers are available. Magnetic flux density profiles were measured at various temperature ranges from room temperature down to liquid helium (LHe) using the Vertical Testing Facility (VTF) at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II). Temperature variations of phase error have been characterized. In addition, we examined the use of textured Dysprosium (Dy) poles to replace permendur poles to obtain further improvement in performance.
C1 [Tanabe, Toshiya; Chubar, Oleg; Harder, David A.; Rank, James; Spataro, Charles] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lehecka, Michael; Rakowsky, George] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Tanabe, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Chubar, Oleg/B-6286-2014
FU NEOMAX company
FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Vyacheslav Solovyov of the Material
Science Department at BNL for providing measurement data for PrFeB
magnet and Dy materials, Dr. Tsutomu Kohda and Dr. Yutaka Matsuura of
Hitachi Metal, NEOMAX company for their support.
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 29
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463195
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500006
ER
PT S
AU Chubar, O
Bengtsson, J
Berman, L
Broadbent, A
Cai, YQ
Hulbert, S
Shen, Q
Tanabe, T
AF Chubar, O.
Bengtsson, J.
Berman, L.
Broadbent, A.
Cai, Y. Q.
Hulbert, S.
Shen, Q.
Tanabe, T.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Parametric Optimization of Undulators for NSLS-II Project Beamlines
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Undulator; Insertion Device; Synchrotron Radiation
AB General optimization procedure, computation methods used, and the obtained optimal parameters of undulators for the NSLS-II project beamlines are reported. The optimization starts with high-accuracy calculation of undulator magnetic fields, using Radia magnetostatics code, for a large set of periods and vertical gaps of a given undulator type, given magnetic materials and a scalable magnet geometry. From the resulting magnetic fields, a sub-set of undulator periods and the corresponding vertical gaps, providing the required low-energy cut-off values of spectral harmonics for each particular beamline, is determined. In parallel, from the same Radia undulator models, angular magnetic kick maps are calculated, and the insertion device effect on electron beam is simulated using Tracy-2 tracking code based on symplectie integrator. After these simulations, magnet parameters are fine-tuned and the maximal acceptable undulator lengths are determined for different straight sections, as functions of minimal gap and with due regard for the electron beam vertical "stay clear" constraint in the case of in-vacuum undulators. Finally, the optimal undulator period and length are determined as the values providing maximal spectral flux among the pre-selected undulator cases, already satisfying the requirements concerning the harmonic cut-off values and the effect on electron beam.
C1 [Chubar, O.; Bengtsson, J.; Berman, L.; Broadbent, A.; Cai, Y. Q.; Hulbert, S.; Shen, Q.; Tanabe, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Chubar, O (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Chubar, Oleg/B-6286-2014; Cai, Yong/C-5036-2008
OI Cai, Yong/0000-0002-9957-6426
FU US DOE [DEAC0298CH10886]
FX Work supported by US DOE, Contract No DEAC0298CH10886
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 37
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463218
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500008
ER
PT S
AU Liu, CA
Shi, B
Qian, J
Conley, R
Yan, H
Wieczorek, M
Macrander, AT
Maser, J
Stephenson, GB
AF Liu, Chian
Shi, B.
Qian, J.
Conley, R.
Yan, H.
Wieczorek, M.
Macrander, A. T.
Maser, J.
Stephenson, G. B.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Full Multilayer Laue Lens for Focusing Hard X-rays
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Nanofocusing; Multilayer Laue Lens; Multilayer; Au-Sn bonding
AB Multilayer Laue Lenses (MLLs) were developed by us using dynamic diffraction effects to efficiently focus hard x-rays to very small spots. Using a partial MLL we were able to focus 19.5-keV hard x-rays to a line focus of 16 nm with an efficiency of 31%. A full MLL is a complete linear MLL structure. It can be fabricated by bonding two partial MLL wafers, or by growing the full structure using magnetron sputtering without bonding. A 40-mu m full MLL, with a total of 5166 layers of WSi2 and Si, has been successfully growl by sputter deposition. The layer thicknesses gradually vary from 4 nm to 400 nm and then back to 4 nm. Two coating runs were used to grow the full structure, one for each half. It took over 56 h for each run. A 100-mu m nearly-full MLL was constructed by bonding. Each 50-mu m half-structure has 1788 WSi2 and Si layers with 12-nm to similar to 32-nm thicknesses and similar to 32-mu m total thickness, followed by a thick WSi2 layer of similar to 17 mu m, and an AuSn layer of similar to 1 mu m. Both full MLL structures survived dicing and polishing. The primary results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of a full MLL with a doubled numerical aperture and large beam acceptance for hard x-rays.
C1 [Liu, Chian; Shi, B.; Qian, J.; Conley, R.; Yan, H.; Wieczorek, M.; Macrander, A. T.; Maser, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Maser, J.; Stephenson, G. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Stephenson, G. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Liu, CA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM cliu@aps.anl.gov
RI Conley, Ray/C-2622-2013; Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; University of Chicago
and Argonne, LLC
FX We thank R. Khachatryan, N. Jahedi, and J. Attig for technical
assistance and Z. Cai for discussions on traditional zone plates and
large-diameter MLLs; all are from Argonne National Laboratory. This work
is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357 for University of Chicago and Argonne, LLC.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 47
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500010
ER
PT S
AU Beitra, L
Watari, M
Matsuura, T
Shimamoto, N
Harder, R
Robinson, I
AF Beitra, Loren
Watari, Moyu
Matsuura, Takashi
Shimamoto, Naonobu
Harder, Ross
Robinson, Ian
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Confocal Microscope Alignment of Nanocrystals for Coherent Diffraction
Imaging
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Confocal microscope; coherent x-ray diffraction; gold nanocrystal
AB We have installed and tested an Olympus LEXT confocal microscope at the 34-ID-C beamline of the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The beamline is for Coherent X-ray Diffraction (CXD) experiments in which a nanometre-sized crystal is aligned inside a focussed X-ray beam. The microscope was required for three-dimensional (3D) sample alignment to get around sphere-of-confusion issues when locating Bragg peaks in reciprocal space. In this way, and by use of strategic sample preparations, we have succeeded in measuring six Bragg peaks from a single 200nm gold crystal and obtained six projections of its internal displacement field. This enables the clear identification of stacking-fault bands within the crystal. The confocal alignment method will allow a full determination of the strain tensor provided three or more Bragg reflections from the same crystal are found.
C1 [Beitra, Loren; Watari, Moyu; Matsuura, Takashi; Robinson, Ian] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, 17-19 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AH, England.
[Shimamoto, Naonobu] Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Robinson, Ian] Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England.
RP Beitra, L (reprint author), UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, 17-19 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AH, England.
RI Shimamoto, Naonobu/D-6708-2012
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 57
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463273
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500012
ER
PT S
AU Chubar, O
Chu, YS
Kaznatcheev, K
Yan, HF
AF Chubar, Oleg
Chu, Yong S.
Kaznatcheev, Konstantine
Yan, Hanfei
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Performance Optimization for Hard X-ray Microscopy Beamlines Guided by
Partially-Coherent Wavefront Propagation Calculations
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Synchrotron Radiation; Coherence; Wave Optics; Microscopy
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; FACILITY SOLEIL; CODE
AB Hard x-ray range synchrotron radiation still remains only partially coherent even for ultra-low emittance third. generation sources, such as NSLS-II. On the other hand, many of the scientific goals targeted by new advanced hard x-ray microscopy beamlines - e.g. development of scanning microscopy with nanometer-scale spatial resolution or coherent diffraction imaging microscopy - require high degree of transverse coherence and high radiation flux at a sample. Detailed quantitative prediction of partially-coherent x-ray beam properties at propagation from an undulator, along a beamline with a number of optical elements, can only be obtained from accurate physical-optics based numerical simulations. We present an example of such simulations performed for the NSLS-Il Hard x-ray Nanoprobe beamline using "Synchrotron Radiation Workshop" (SRW) computer code. In addition to tracking of intensity distributions at different locations of the beamline, we include numerical experiments with a two-slit interference scheme into our analysis, in order to characterize transverse coherence of the resulting wavefront. The wavefront propagation method which has been used offers high flexibility in the beamline optimization, allowing to choose optical element parameters for different types of microscopy experiments.
C1 [Chubar, Oleg; Chu, Yong S.; Kaznatcheev, Konstantine; Yan, Hanfei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Chubar, O (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Chubar, Oleg/B-6286-2014; Yan, Hanfei/F-7993-2011
OI Yan, Hanfei/0000-0001-6824-0367
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 75
EP 78
DI 10.1063/1.3463322
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500015
ER
PT S
AU Keister, JW
Smedley, J
Muller, EM
Bohon, J
AF Keister, J. W.
Smedley, J.
Muller, E. M.
Bohon, J.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Responsivity of Diamond X-ray Photodiodes Calibrated at NSLS
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Diamond; Single Crystal; Detector; Synchrotron; Photocurrent
AB Single crystal, high purity synthetic diamond is used as photoabsorption and carrier transport medium in x-ray photodiodes. While the thermal / mechanical robustness and high x-ray transmission of diamond make such devices attractive for synchrotron instrumentation, state-of-the-art quality material and electrical interfaces further make such detectors feasible. The present work develops methodology for attaining calculable responsivity (photocurrent yield) over a wide range of photon energies (0.2 to 28 key) to within 5% accuracy. These methods achieve linear response for up to 0.2 W absorbed x-ray power and response time as low as 1 ns. Details of contact formation / robustness and bias configuration are explored.
C1 [Keister, J. W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS Dept 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Smedley, J.; Muller, E. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Muller, E. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bohon, J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Synchroton Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bohon, J.] Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Keister, JW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS Dept 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Muller, Erik/A-9790-2008
FU NSLS; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER41547]; LLC
[DEAC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy; Brookhaven Science
Associates; LLC operates Brookhaven National Laboratory; National
Synchrotron Light Source and NSLS-II; United States Government
FX The authors wish to thank Bin Dong, Zhong Zhong, John Toomey and Elaine
Dimasi for support of the beamline experiments at NSLS. The authors also
wish to thank John Walsh for design and fabrication of sample mounts and
Xiangyun Chang for assistance with metallization. The team is further
indebted to Veljko Radeka, Pavel Rehak, Peter Siddons, Triveni Rao,
Dimitre Dimitrov and Ilan Ben-Zvi for discussion and guidance over the
course of this work. The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the
U.S. Department of Energy under grant DE-FG02-08ER41547. This manuscript
has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract
No. DEAC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Brookhaven
Science Associates, LLC operates Brookhaven National Laboratory and its
facilities, including the National Synchrotron Light Source and NSLS-II.
The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting
the article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide license to
publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow
others to do so, for the United States Government purposes.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 93
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463372
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500019
ER
PT S
AU Friedrich, S
Drury, OB
Hall, J
Cantor, R
AF Friedrich, Stephan
Drury, Owen B.
Hall, John
Cantor, Robin
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Development of Ta-based Superconducting Tunnel Junction X-ray Detectors
for Fluorescence XAS
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Superconducting tunnel junctions; STJ X-ray detectors; X-ray absorption
spectroscopy
ID RESOLUTION
AB We are developing superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) soft X-ray detectors for chemical analysis of dilute samples by fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Our 36-pixel Nb-based STJ spectrometer covers a solid angle Omega/4 pi approximate to 10(-3), offers an energy resolution of similar to 10-20 eV FWHM for energies up to similar to 1 keV, and can be operated at total count rates of similar to 10(6) counts/s. For increased quantum efficiency and cleaner response function, we have now started the development of Ta-based STJ detector arrays. Initial devices modeled after our Nb-based STJs have an energy resolution below 10 eV FWHM for X-ray energies below 1 keV, and pulse rise time discrimination can be used to improve their response function for energies up to several keV. We discuss the performance of the Ta-STJs and outline steps towards the next-generation of large STJ detector arrays with higher sensitivity.
C1 [Friedrich, Stephan; Drury, Owen B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, 7000 East Ave,L-188, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Hall, John; Cantor, Robin] STAR Cryoelect, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA.
RP Friedrich, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, 7000 East Ave,L-188, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU NASA; Astrobiology Instrumentation (ASTID) program [L-10896]; U. S.
Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was funded by the NASA Astrobiology Instrumentation (ASTID)
program under grant L-10896. It was performed under the auspices of the
U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 101
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463152
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500021
ER
PT S
AU Fischetti, RF
Fuoss, PH
Gerig, RE
Keane, DT
Maclean, JF
Mills, DM
Neumann, DA
Srajer, G
AF Fischetti, Robert F.
Fuoss, Paul H.
Gerig, Rodney E.
Keane, Denis T.
Maclean, John F.
Mills, Dennis M.
Neumann, Dan A.
Srajer, George
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI A Renewal Plan for the Advanced Photon Source
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Advanced Photon Source; insertion device; beamline; accelerator; front
end; monochromator
AB With coordination from the APS Renewal Steering Committee (the members of which are the co-authors of this paper), staff and users of the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory are in the process of developing a renewal plan for the facility. The renewal is a coordinated upgrade of the accelerator, beamlines, and associated technical structure that will enable users of the APS to address key scientific challenges in the coming decades. The cost of the renewal is estimated to be from $300M to $400M and to take approximately six years from start to finish.
C1 [Fischetti, Robert F.; Fuoss, Paul H.; Gerig, Rodney E.; Maclean, John F.; Mills, Dennis M.; Srajer, George] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Keane, Denis T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Neumann, Dan A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mills, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dmm@aps.anl.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 171
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463166
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500034
ER
PT S
AU Dufresne, EM
Adams, B
Arms, DA
Chollet, M
Landahl, EC
Li, YL
Walko, DA
Wang, J
AF Dufresne, Eric M.
Adams, Bernhard
Arms, Dohn A.
Chollet, Matthieu
Landahl, Eric C.
Li, Yuelin
Walko, Donald A.
Wang, Jin
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Time-Resolved Research at the Advanced Photon Source Beam line 7-ID
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Ultrafast lasers; pump-probe experiments; time-resolved diffraction and
spectroscopy
AB The Sector 7 undulator beamline (7-ID) of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is dedicated to time-resolved x-ray research and is capable of ultrafast measurements on the order of 100 ps. Beamline 7-ID has a laser laboratory featuring a Ti:Sapphire system (average power of 2.5 W, pulse duration <50 fs, repetition rate 1-5 kHz) that can be synchronized to the bunch pattern of the storage ring. The laser is deliverable to x-ray enclosures, which contain diffractometers, as well as motorized optical tables for table-top experiments. Beamline 7-ID has a single APS Undulator A and uses a diamond (111) double-crystal monochromator, providing good energy resolution over a range of 6-24 keV. Available optics include Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors to microfocus the x-ray beam. A variety of time-resolved diffraction and spectroscopy research is available at 7-ID, with experiments being done in the atomic, molecular, optical, chemistry, and solid state (bulk and surface) fields.
C1 [Dufresne, Eric M.; Adams, Bernhard; Arms, Dohn A.; Chollet, Matthieu; Li, Yuelin; Walko, Donald A.; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Landahl, Eric C.] De Paul Univ, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
RP Dufresne, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 10
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 181
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463168
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500036
ER
PT S
AU Huang, XR
Macrander, AT
AF Huang, XianRong
Macrander, Albert T.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Influence of Stacking Faults on Diffraction Properties of Diamond by
Synchrotron Topographic Imaging
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Diamond crystals; X-ray optics; stacking faults; defects;
characterization
AB Diamond crystals are becoming more important or indispensable as critical 3rd- and 4th-generation synchrotron optical components. However, diamond generally contains various defects, among which stacking faults (SFs) are most detrimental since they are planar defects that can exist in all kinds of diamonds with dimensions up to square millimeters. Here we introduce our topographic studies of common defects and particularly SFs in diamonds. In monochromatic topography, SFs show strong black contrast on the rocking curve tails, thus broadening the rocking curve width and reducing the cleanness of the diffraction spectrum. On the Bragg peak, SFs appear as white-line contrast (absence of diffraction), indicating that they can significantly reduce the Bragg reflectivity. SFs always show black contrast in white-beam topography caused by the simultaneous diffraction of a range of wavelengths from the SFs. These results may provide clear guidelines for understanding the performance of diamonds in synchrotron optics and also for diamond crystal growth.
C1 [Huang, XianRong; Macrander, Albert T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Huang, XR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 191
EP 194
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500038
ER
PT S
AU Kirkham, R
Dunn, PA
Kuczewski, AJ
Siddons, DP
Dodanwela, R
Moorhead, GF
Ryan, CG
De Geronimo, G
Beuttenmuller, R
Pinelli, D
Pfeffer, M
Davey, P
Jensen, M
Paterson, DJ
de Jonge, MD
Howard, DL
Kusel, M
McKinlay, J
AF Kirkham, R.
Dunn, P. A.
Kuczewski, A. J.
Siddons, D. P.
Dodanwela, R.
Moorhead, G. F.
Ryan, C. G.
De Geronimo, G.
Beuttenmuller, R.
Pinelli, D.
Pfeffer, M.
Davey, P.
Jensen, M.
Paterson, D. J.
de Jonge, M. D.
Howard, D. L.
Kuesel, M.
McKinlay, J.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI The Maia Spectroscopy Detector System: Engineering for Integrated Pulse
Capture, Low-Latency Scanning and Real-Time Processing
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Silicon detector array; real-time processing; SXRF imaging; X-ray
microprobe
AB The Maia detector system is engineered for energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and elemental imaging at photon rates exceeding 10(7)/s, integrated scanning of samples for pixel transit times as small as 50 mu s and high definition images of 10(8) pixels and real-time processing of detected events for spectral deconvolution and online display of pure elemental images. The system developed by CSIRO and BNL combines a planar silicon 384 detector array, application-specific integrated circuits for pulse shaping and peak detection and sampling and optical data transmission to an FPGA-based pipelined, parallel processor. This paper describes the system and the underpinning engineering solutions.
C1 [Kirkham, R.; Dunn, P. A.; Dodanwela, R.; Moorhead, G. F.; Ryan, C. G.; Davey, P.; Jensen, M.] CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Kuczewski, A. J.; Siddons, D. P.; Pfeffer, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[De Geronimo, G.; Beuttenmuller, R.; Pinelli, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Paterson, D. J.; de Jonge, M. D.; Howard, D. L.; Kuesel, M.; McKinlay, J.] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
[McKinlay, J.] ALBA Synchrotron Light Fac, Cerdanyola Del Valles, Spain.
RP Kirkham, R (reprint author), CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
RI Ryan, Chris/A-6032-2011; Kirkham, Robin/C-9786-2010; Davey,
Peter/D-6746-2012; Dunn, Paul/D-6721-2012; Jensen, Murray/E-8265-2012;
Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; de Jonge, Martin/C-3400-2011
OI Ryan, Chris/0000-0003-2891-3912; Kirkham, Robin/0000-0003-1012-3496;
Jensen, Murray/0000-0002-2247-4421; Moorhead,
Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549;
NR 11
TC 65
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 240
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463181
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500048
ER
PT S
AU Shu, DM
AF Shu, Deming
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Nanopositioning techniques development for synchrotron radiation
instrumentation applications at the Advanced Photon Source
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE nanopositioning; weak-link; flexure; laser interferometric encoder;
x-ray nanoprobe; x-ray monochromator
ID RESONANT SCATTERING; SYSTEM; RESOLUTION
AB At modern synchrotron radiation sources and beamlines, high-precision positioning techniques present a significant opportunity to support state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation research. Meanwhile, the required instrument positioning performance and capabilities, such as resolution, dynamic range, repeatability, speed, and multiple axes synchronization are exceeding the limit of commercial availability. This paper presents the current nanopositioning techniques developed for the Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM)/Advanced Photon Source (APS) hard x-ray nanoprobe and high-resolution x-ray monochromators and analyzers for the APS X-ray Operations and Research (XOR) beamlines. Future nanopositioning techniques to be developed for the APS renewal project will also be discussed.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Shu, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 263
EP 266
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500052
ER
PT S
AU Kropf, AJ
Katsoudas, J
Chattopadhyay, S
Shibata, T
Lang, EA
Zyryanov, VN
Ravel, B
McIvor, K
Kemner, KM
Scheckel, KG
Bare, SR
Terry, J
Kelly, SD
Bunker, BA
Segre, CU
AF Kropf, A. J.
Katsoudas, J.
Chattopadhyay, S.
Shibata, T.
Lang, E. A.
Zyryanov, V. N.
Ravel, B.
McIvor, K.
Kemner, K. M.
Scheckel, K. G.
Bare, S. R.
Terry, J.
Kelly, S. D.
Bunker, B. A.
Segre, C. U.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI The New MRCAT (Sector 10) Bending Magnet Beamline at the Advanced Photon
Source
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE bending magnet; beamline; EXAFS; tomography; lithography
AB The Materials Research Collaborative Access Team (MRCAT) has completed construction of its bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, with commissioning ongoing since October 2008. Full operations including General User access will begin in January 2010. The beamline is designed to operate in two distinct modes: pink beam for lithography, photochemistry and tomography; and monochromatic beam for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and tomography. Pink beam is obtained by means of a 880 mm water cooled Pt mirror combined with filters, while monochromatic beam is selected using a water-cooled double-crystal Si(111) monochromator, providing an energy range from below 4 keV to greater than 33 keV. Switching between modes is accomplished in under one hour.
C1 [Kropf, A. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, CSE Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kropf, AJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, CSE Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Segre, Carlo/B-1548-2009; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011;
OI Segre, Carlo/0000-0001-7664-1574; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241
NR 1
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 299
EP 302
DI 10.1063/1.3463194
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500060
ER
PT S
AU Reininger, R
Sanchez-Hanke, C
Hulbert, SL
AF Reininger, R.
Sanchez-Hanke, C.
Hulbert, S. L.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI A Beamline for Fast Polarization Switching at NSLS-II
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Monochromator; Variable-line-spacing grating; polarization; fast
switching
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; OPTICS
AB The first XUV beamline (200-2000 eV) at NSLS-11 will have two branches, one optimized for photon hungry experiments requiring high coherent flux and one optimized for studies of polarization sensitive materials and interfaces based on fast polarization switching. We describe here the branch designed for fast polarization switching with frequencies up to 1 kHz, high photon flux, and good energy resolution. The beamline will be served by two canted undulators and is based on the focusing variable line spacing grating monochromator. The two beams will be focused at the same spot of approximately 80x10 mu m(2) (hor.xver.). The expected circular polarized flux at the sample from each device up to 1.4 keV will be higher than 10(12) photons/s at a resolving power better than 10(4). An additional KB focusing system will deliver the two beams to a spot in the mu m range.
C1 [Reininger, R.; Sanchez-Hanke, C.; Hulbert, S. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Reininger, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 383
EP 386
DI 10.1063/1.3463219
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500081
ER
PT S
AU Yoder, DW
Sanishvili, R
Vogt, S
Xu, S
Makarov, O
Benn, R
Corcoran, S
Fischetti, RF
AF Yoder, D. W.
Sanishvili, R.
Vogt, S.
Xu, S.
Makarov, O.
Benn, R.
Corcoran, S.
Fischetti, R. F.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI One-Micron Beams for Macromolecular Crystallography at GM/CA-CAT
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE X-ray focusing; Fresnel zone plate; Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror; microfocus;
macromolecular crystallography
ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RADIATION-DAMAGE
AB GM/CA-CAT has developed a 1-mu m beam for challenging micro-diffraction experiments with macromolecular crystals (e.g. small crystals) and for radiation damage studies. Reflective (Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors) and diffractive (Fresnel zone plates) optics have been used to focus the beam. Both cases are constrained by the need to maintain a small beam convergence. Using two different zone plates, 1.0 x 1.0 and 0.8 X 0.9 mu m(2) (V x H, FWHM) beams were created at 15.2 keV and 18.5 keV, respectively. Additionally, by introducing a vertical focusing mirror upstream of the zone plate, a line focus at 15.2 keV was created (28 x 1.4 mu m(2) V x H, FWHM) with the line oriented perpendicular to the X-ray polarization and the crystal rotation axis. Crystal-mounting stages with nanometer resolution have been assembled to profile these beams and to perform diffraction experiments.
C1 [Yoder, D. W.; Sanishvili, R.; Vogt, S.; Xu, S.; Makarov, O.; Benn, R.; Corcoran, S.; Fischetti, R. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, GMCA CAT, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yoder, DW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, GMCA CAT, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013
OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513
FU U.S. Department of Health; Human Services through the National Institute
of General Medical Sciences [Y1-GM-1104]; National Cancer Institute
[Y1-CO-1020]; both member institutes of the National Institutes of
Health
FX GM/CA-CAT is funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
through the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Y1-GM-1104)
and the National Cancer Institute (Y1-CO-1020), both member institutes
of the National Institutes of Health. The submitted manuscript has been
created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National
Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf,
a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 419
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463229
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500090
ER
PT S
AU Rose, V
Freeland, JW
AF Rose, Volker
Freeland, John W.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Nanoscale chemical imaging using synchrotron x-ray enhanced scanning
tunneling microscopy
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE X-ray absorption; scanning tunneling microscopy; x-ray microscopy
AB The combination of synchrotron radiation with scanning tunneling microscopy provides a promising new concept for chemical imaging of nanoscale structures. It employs detection of local x-ray absorption, which directly yields chemical, electronic, and magnetic sensitivity. The study of the tip current in the far field (800 nm tip/sample separation) shows that insulator-coated tips have to be considered in order to reduce the background from stray photoelectron. A picture of the different channels contributing to the x-ray enhanced STM process is proposed. If during electron tunneling the sample is illuminated with monochromatic x-rays, characteristic absorption will arise, and core electrons are excited, which might modulate the conventional tunnel current and facilitate chemical imaging at the nanoscale.
C1 [Rose, Volker; Freeland, John W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rose, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008
OI Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 445
EP 448
DI 10.1063/1.3463236
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500096
ER
PT S
AU Shu, DM
Maser, J
AF Shu, Deming
Maser, Jorg
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Study of precision weak-link stage systems with large travel range and
sub-nanometer-scale resolution
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE nanopositioning; weak-link; flexure; x-ray nanoprobe
AB To use x-ray optics with nanometer resolution limit, scanning x-ray nanoprobes with corresponding mechanical positioning capability need to be designed. In particular, positioning stages with both sub-nanometer resolution and a positioning/scanning range of several millimeters are required. Based on our design of precision weak-link stages with interferometric encoders for the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) hard x-ray nanoprobe at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Sector 26, we have developed a new two-dimensional (2-D) weak-link stage system for nanopositioning of a specimen holder. This system provides sub-nanometer resolution, coupled with sub-nanometer metrology at a travel range of several millimeters. The 2-D weak-link stage system is designed with high structure stiffness using laminar overconstrained weak-link mechanisms [4-6]. In this paper we present the study of a linear precision weak-link stage system with sub-centimeter travel range and sub-nanometer positioning resolution. Design of a rotary weak-link stage system with 10-nrad resolution and 10-degree-level travel range is also discussed in this paper.
C1 [Shu, Deming; Maser, Jorg] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Shu, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 449
EP 452
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500097
ER
PT S
AU Kilcoyne, D
Ade, H
Attwood, D
Hitchcock, A
McKean, P
Mitchell, G
Monteiro, P
Tyliszczak, T
Warwick, T
AF Kilcoyne, David
Ade, Harald
Attwood, David
Hitchcock, Adam
McKean, Pat
Mitchell, Gary
Monteiro, Paulo
Tyliszczak, Tolek
Warwick, Tony
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI A new Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope at the ALS for operation up
to 2500eVr4
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE x-ray scanning microscope
AB We report on the design and construction of a higher energy Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope on a new bend magnet beam line at the Advanced Light Source. Previously we have operated such an instrument on a bend magnet for C, N and O 1s NEXAFS spectroscopy. The new instrument will have similar performance at higher energies up to and including the S 1s edge at 2472eV. A new microscope configuration is planned. A more open geometry will allow a fluorescence detector to count emitted photons from the front surface of the sample. There will be a capability for zone plate scanning in addition to the more conventional sample scanning mode. This will add the capability for imaging a massive sample at high resolution over a limited field of view, so that heavy reaction cells may be used to study processes in-situ, exploiting the longer photon attenuation length and the longer zone plate working distances available at higher photon energy. The energy range will extend down to include the C1s edge at 300eV, to allow high energy NEXAFS microscopic studies to correlate with the imaging of organics in the same sample region of interest.
C1 [Kilcoyne, David; McKean, Pat; Tyliszczak, Tolek; Warwick, Tony] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ade, Harald] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC, England.
[Attwood, David] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA, England.
[Hitchcock, Adam] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
[Mitchell, Gary] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI USA.
[Monteiro, Paulo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA, England.
RP Kilcoyne, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
number DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 465
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463241
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500101
ER
PT S
AU Borland, M
Decker, G
Dejus, R
Harkay, K
Moog, E
Nassiri, A
AF Borland, M.
Decker, G.
Dejus, R.
Harkay, K.
Moog, E.
Nassiri, A.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Changes to the Advanced Photon Source storage ring as part of the APS
renewal project
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Radiation sources; Storage rings
AB The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a third-generation, storage-ring-based x-ray source that has been operating for more than 13 years and is enjoying a long period of stable, reliable operation. While APS is presently providing state-of-the-art performance to its large user community, we must clearly plan for improvements and upgrades to stay at the forefront scientifically. Significant improvements should be possible through upgrades of beamline optics, detectors, and end-station equipment. In this paper, we discuss the evolutionary changes that are envisioned for the storage ring itself. Among the possibilities are long straight sections, additional straight sections, higher current, short-pulse x-rays, improved insertion devices, and improved beam stability.
C1 [Borland, M.; Decker, G.; Dejus, R.; Harkay, K.; Moog, E.; Nassiri, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Borland, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 507
EP 510
DI 10.1063/1.3463252
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500111
ER
PT S
AU Borland, M
Dong, XW
Li, YL
AF Borland, Michael
Dong, Xiaowei
Li, Yuelin
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Progress on an energy recovery linac upgrade to the Advanced Photon
Source
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Radiation sources; Linear accelerators
AB The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a third-generation storage-ring-based x-ray source that has been operating for more than 13 years and is enjoying a long period of stable, reliable operation. However, major accelerator upgrades are being investigated in order to maintain scientific relevance into the future. One very promising possibility is the use of an energy recovery linac (ERL). In this option, APS would transition from a source based on a stored electron beam to one based on a continuously generated high-brightness electron beam from a linac. Such a source promises dramatically improved brightness and transverse coherence compared to third-generation storage rings. We present a new design for an ERL upgrade that incorporates very long insertion devices. We show that operation at high electron beam energy provides the promise of extremely high brightness for hard x-rays. We also show results of the first start-to-end simulations of an ERL-based x-ray source.
C1 [Borland, Michael; Dong, Xiaowei; Li, Yuelin] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Borland, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 511
EP 514
DI 10.1063/1.3463253
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500112
ER
PT S
AU Madur, A
Trillaud, F
Dietderich, D
Marks, S
Prestemon, S
Schlueter, R
AF Madur, A.
Trillaud, F.
Dietderich, D.
Marks, S.
Prestemon, S.
Schlueter, R.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Superconducting switch concept applied to superconducting undulator
phase-error correction
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Superconducting undulator; phase-errors; active shimming
AB Superconducting undulator (SCU) technology has the potential to significantly enhance the performance of synchrotron radiation sources for storage ring and FEL applications. Since 2002, our team at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been performing R&D on superconducting undulators, including the fabrication of three Nb(3)Sn prototypes. We have demonstrated experimentally the possibility to provide the prototype with trim coils that could be used for phase error correction. The research effort that we report here demonstrates the possibility to add degrees of freedom to the field correction provided by these coils in a cryogenic environment. By means of bridge of superconducting switches, we can modify the current direction through a trim coil. Here we describe the design of the experimental bridge we fabricated, the results we obtained and finally the generalized concept one could plan to apply to correct the phase errors with trim coils connected to a network of superconducting bridges.
C1 [Madur, A.; Trillaud, F.; Dietderich, D.; Marks, S.; Prestemon, S.; Schlueter, R.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Madur, A (reprint author), LBNL, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 552
EP 555
DI 10.1063/1.3463264
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500122
ER
PT S
AU Steier, C
Bailey, B
Baptiste, K
Barry, W
Biocca, A
Byrne, W
Casey, P
Chin, M
Donahue, R
Duarte, R
Fahmie, M
Gath, B
Jacobson, S
Julian, J
Jung, JY
Kritscher, M
Kwiatkowski, S
Marks, S
McKean, P
Mueller, R
Nishimura, H
ONeill, J
Portmann, G
Prestemon, S
Robin, D
Rossi, S
Sannibale, F
Scarvie, T
Schlueter, R
Shuman, D
Smith-Baumann, A
Stover, G
Timossi, C
Wan, W
Warwick, T
Wells, R
Weber, J
Williams, E
AF Steier, C.
Bailey, B.
Baptiste, K.
Barry, W.
Biocca, A.
Byrne, W.
Casey, P.
Chin, M.
Donahue, R.
Duarte, R.
Fahmie, M.
Gath, B.
Jacobson, S.
Julian, J.
Jung, J. Y.
Kritscher, M.
Kwiatkowski, S.
Marks, S.
McKean, P.
Mueller, R.
Nishimura, H.
ONeill, J.
Portmann, G.
Prestemon, S.
Robin, D.
Rossi, S.
Sannibale, F.
Scarvie, T.
Schlueter, R.
Shuman, D.
Smith-Baumann, A.
Stover, G.
Timossi, C.
Wan, W.
Warwick, T.
Wells, R.
Weber, J.
Williams, E.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Successful Completion of the Top-off Upgrade of the Advanced Light
Source
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Synchrotron Light Source; Storage Ring; Injection; Brightness
AB An upgrade of the Advanced Light Source (ALS) to enable top-off operation has been completed during the last four years. The final work centered around radiation safety aspects, culminating in a systematic proof that top-off operation is equally safe as decaying beam operation. Commissioning and transition to full user operations happened in late 2008 and early 2009. Top-off operation at the ALS provides a very large increase in lime-averaged brightness (by about a factor of 10) as well as improvements in beam stability. The following sections provide an overview of the radiation safety rationale, commissioning results, as well as experience in user operations.
C1 [Steier, C.; Bailey, B.; Baptiste, K.; Barry, W.; Biocca, A.; Byrne, W.; Casey, P.; Chin, M.; Donahue, R.; Duarte, R.; Fahmie, M.; Gath, B.; Jacobson, S.; Julian, J.; Jung, J. Y.; Kritscher, M.; Kwiatkowski, S.; Marks, S.; McKean, P.; Mueller, R.; Nishimura, H.; ONeill, J.; Portmann, G.; Prestemon, S.; Robin, D.; Rossi, S.; Sannibale, F.; Scarvie, T.; Schlueter, R.; Shuman, D.; Smith-Baumann, A.; Stover, G.; Timossi, C.; Wan, W.; Warwick, T.; Wells, R.; Weber, J.; Williams, E.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Steier, C (reprint author), LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM CSteier@lbl.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 575
EP 578
DI 10.1063/1.3463270
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500128
ER
PT S
AU Corbett, J
Cheng, WX
Fisher, AS
Mok, W
Westerman, S
AF Corbett, Jeff
Cheng, Weixing
Fisher, Alan S.
Mok, Walter
Westerman, Stuart
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Visible Light Diagnostics at SPEAR3
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
AB The visible light diagnostic beam line at SPEAR3 utilizes dipole radiation extracted through an ID exit port to evaluate electron beam properties at a variety of diagnostic end-stations. The unfocused SR light is collected 17m from the source point by a 150mm diameter, f=2m lens and optically relayed to the appropriate station. For transverse imaging, an image-intensified PiMax camera with 2ns Rate allows measurement of fast beam dynamics for either the stored beam or the injected beam. For these applications the visible light is switched into either a standard symmetric-lens transport line or a beam-shaping transport line equipped with cylindrical lenses and a rotating mirror to sweep the beam image across the camera photocathode. A separate two slit stellar-interferometer branch line can resolve the diffraction-limited vertical beam height down to about 10 mu m. For longitudinal charge profile measurements, the light is switched to a Hamamatsu C5680 streak camera with net system resolution of similar to 2.5ps rms. In this paper we outline the main photon beam transport line, review the SR beam properties and describe measurement capabilities at each diagnostic station.
C1 [Corbett, Jeff; Fisher, Alan S.; Mok, Walter; Westerman, Stuart] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94306 USA.
[Cheng, Weixing] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA.
RP Corbett, J (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94306 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 637
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463286
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500142
ER
PT S
AU Dvorak, J
Berman, L
Hulbert, SL
Siddons, DP
Wallwork, K
AF Dvorak, Joseph
Berman, Lonny
Hulbert, Steven L.
Siddons, D. Peter
Wallwork, Kia
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Simple Tools for Characterization of Synchrotron Beam Flux, Energy
Resolution and Stability
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE synchrotron radiation; synchrotron beamline characterization; energy
resolution
AB Flux is a simple yet key indicator of overall beamline alignment. For many synchrotron measurements, the energy resolution and reproducibility are important characteristics as well. However. many beamlines do not have diffractometers capable of measuring the energy resolution in the experimental hutches. For absolute flux measurements, we have found that thickness calibrated Si photodiodes make very convenient, robust detectors capable of handling a wide flux range. For measuring the energy resolution, we have developed a simple, portable instrument analyzer applicable to any beamline with a scanning monochromator. This same instrument is capable of measuring the energy stability and reproducibility as well. We have used these to characterize many of the beamlines on the NSLS X-ray ring, and will present the methods and our experience to date to demonstrate their usefulness.
C1 [Dvorak, Joseph; Berman, Lonny; Hulbert, Steven L.; Siddons, D. Peter] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Wallwork, Kia] Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, Vic 3168, Australia.
RP Dvorak, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
FU U.S. Department of energy ice of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX We thank the NSLS beamline mechanical technicians A. Lenhard, S. Cheung,
G. Nintzel, D. Carlson, W. Struble nd R. Greene for expert crystal
cutting and polishing, and essential machining support. Use of the
Ntional ynchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was
supported by the U.S. Department of energy ice of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 645
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463289
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500144
ER
PT S
AU Quintana, JP
AF Quintana, John P.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Automation Improvements for Synchrotron Based Small Angle Scattering
Using an Inexpensive Robotics Platform
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE Instrumentation; robot; sample changer
AB This paper reports on the progress toward creating semi-autonomous motion control platforms for beamline applications using the iRobot Create (R) platform. The goal is to create beamline research instrumentation where the motion paths are based on the local environment rather than position commanded from a control system, have low integration costs and also be scalable and easily maintainable.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, APS Engn Support Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Quintana, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, APS Engn Support Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 728
EP 731
DI 10.1063/1.3463313
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500165
ER
PT S
AU Warwick, T
Padmore, H
Voronov, D
Yashchuk, V
AF Warwick, Tony
Padmore, Howard
Voronov, Dmitriy
Yashchuk, Valeriy
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI A Soft X-ray Spectrometer using a Highly Dispersive Multilayer Grating
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X ray A s, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE RIXS; inelastic x-ray; scattering; spectrometer; multilayer; gratings
AB There is a need for higher resolution spectrometers as a tool for inelastic x-ray scattering. Currently, resolving power around R=10,000 is advertised. Measured RIXS spectra are often limited by this instrumental resolution and higher resolution spectrometers using conventional gratings would be prohibitively large. We are engaged in a development program to build blazed multilayer grating structures for diffracting soft x-rays in high order. This leads to spectrometers with dispersion much higher than is possible using metal coated-gratings. The higher dispersion then provides higher resolution and the multilayer gratings are capable of operating away from grazing incidence as required. A spectrometer design is presented with a total length 3.8m and capable of 10(5) resolving power.
C1 [Warwick, Tony; Padmore, Howard; Voronov, Dmitriy; Yashchuk, Valeriy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Warwick, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 776
EP 780
DI 10.1063/1.3463327
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500177
ER
PT S
AU Yuan, S
Yashchuk, VV
Goldberg, KA
Celestre, R
Church, M
McKinney, WR
Morrison, G
Warwick, T
AF Yuan, Sheng
Yashchuk, Valeriy V.
Goldberg, Kenneth A.
Celestre, Rich
Church, Matthew
McKinney, Wayne R.
Morrison, Greg
Warwick, Tony
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Surface Slope Metrology on Deformable Soft X-ray Mirrors
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE x-ray; KB mirror; bender; surface slope; wavefront measurement;
at-wavelength; in situ testing
AB We report on the current state of surface slope metrology on deformable mirrors for soft x-rays at the Advanced Light Source (ALS). While we are developing techniques for in situ at-wavelength tuning, we are refining methods of ex situ visible-light optical metrology to achieve sub-100-nrad accuracy. This paper reports on laboratory studies, measurements and tuning of a deformable test-KB mirror prior to its use. The test mirror was bent to a much different optical configuration than its original design, achieving a 0.38 micro-radian residual slope error. Modeling shows that in some cases, by including the image conjugate distance as an additional free parameter in the alignment, along with the two force couples, fourth-order tangential shape errors (the so-called bird shape) can be reduced or eliminated.
C1 [Yuan, Sheng; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.; Celestre, Rich; Church, Matthew; McKinney, Wayne R.; Morrison, Greg; Warwick, Tony] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Goldberg, Kenneth A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr X ray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yuan, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139
FU Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material
Science Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
FX The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 789
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500180
ER
PT S
AU Walko, DA
Arms, DA
Dufresne, EM
Landahl, EC
AF Walko, D. A.
Arms, D. A.
Dufresne, E. M.
Landahl, E. C.
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Optimal Countrates for Deadtime Corrections
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE deadtime correction; counting detector; synchrotron radiation; data
correction
ID X-RAYS; DETECTORS
AB The high x-ray flux available at synchrotron radiation sources can cause nonlinearities in photon-counting detectors unless deadtime corrections are employed. We compute the uncertainties associated with several common deadtime-correction formulas. At lower countrates, statistical noise dominates the error in the measured countrates; at higher countrates, the dominating factors are saturation of the response and uncertainty in the value of the deadtime parameter. In between, a range of countrates exists in which the signal-to-noise ratio can be optimized for photon-counting experiments.
C1 [Walko, D. A.; Arms, D. A.; Dufresne, E. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Landahl, E. C.] De Paul Univ, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
RP Walko, DA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 856
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463349
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500196
ER
PT S
AU Yoon, PS
Siddons, DP
AF Yoon, Phil S.
Siddons, D. Peter
BE Garrett, R
Gentle, I
Nugent, K
Wilkins, S
TI Fluorescence-type Monochromatic X-ray Beam-position Monitor with
High-spatial Resolution for the NSLS-II Beamlines
SO SRI 2009: THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
INSTRUMENTATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2009
CL Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Australian Synchrotron, State Govt Victoria, Australian Govt, Dept Innovat, Ind Sci & Res, Elsevier, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Australian Res Council, Mol & Mat Struct Network, JJ X-Rray A/S, Lightsources
HO Australian Synchrotron
DE X-ray Detectors; Position-sensitive Detectors; X-ray Beams; X-ray
Fluorescence
AB We developed a fluorescence-type monochromatic X-ray beam-position monitor (X-BPM) with high-spatial resolution for end-station experiments at the initial project beamlines of the NSLS-II. We designed a ring array of multi-segmented Si PIN-junction photodiodes to use as a position sensor. Further, we integrated a low-noise charge-preamplification HERMES4 ASIC chip into an electronic readout system for photon-counting application. A series of precision measurements to characterize electronically the Si-photodiode sensor and the ASIC chip demonstrated that the inherent noise from the detector system is sufficiently low to meet our stringent requirements. Using a Gaussian beam, we parametrically modeled the optimum working distance to ensure the detector's best performance. Based upon the results from the parametric modeling, prototypes of the next versions of the X-BPM are being developed. In this paper, we describe the methodology for developing the new compact monochromatic X-ray BPM, including its instrumentation, detector modeling, and future plan.
C1 [Yoon, Phil S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2, Expt Facil Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Siddons, D. Peter] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2, Expt Syst, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Yoon, PS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2, Expt Facil Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM yoon@bnl.gov
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; NSLS-II Experimental Facility
Division; NSLS Experimental Systems; Instrumentation Division of the
Brookhaven National Laboratory
FX This research work was supported by the Department of Energy under
contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886. We would like to gratefully
acknowledge support and provisions made by the NSLS-II Experimental
Facility Division, the NSLS Experimental Systems, and the
Instrumentation Division of the Brookhaven National Laboratory.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0782-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1234
BP 860
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3463351
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRU32
UT WOS:000283705500197
ER
EF