FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Ji, Q AF Ji, Qing BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Compact Permanent Magnet Microwave-Driven Neutron Generator SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE microwave ion source; neutron generator ID LBNL AB Permanent magnet microwave-driven neutron generators have been developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The 2.45 GHz microwave signal is directly coupled into the plasma chamber via a microwave window. Plasma is confined in an axial magnetic field produced by the permanent magnets surrounding the plasma chamber. The source chamber is made of aluminum with a diameter of 4 cm and length of 5 cm. A stack of five alumina discs, which are 3 cm in diameter and total length of 3 cm, works as microwave window. Three permanent ring magnets are used to generate the axial magnetic field required for the microwave ion source. Both hydrogen and deuterium plasma have been successfully ignited. With 330W of microwave power, source chamber pressure of 5 mTorr, and an extraction aperture of 2 mm in diameter, the deuterium ion beam measured on the target was approximately 2.5 mA. Over 90% of the ions are atomic. With the ion source at ground potential and titanium target at -40 kV, the analysis of the activated gold foil and calibrated neutron dose monitor both indicated that roughly 10(7) n/s of D-D neutrons have been produced. The D-D neutron yield can be easily scaled up to 10(8) n/s when the titanium target is biased at -100 kV. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ji, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 528 EP 532 DI 10.1063/1.3586156 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900110 ER PT S AU Sy, A Ji, Q AF Sy, Amy Ji, Qing BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Ion Beam Collimation For Improved Resolution In Associated Particle Imaging SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Penning ion source; Associated particle imaging; Neutron generator ID NEUTRON GENERATOR AB Beam spot size on target for a Penning ion source has been measured under different source operating pressures as a function of the extraction channel length and beam energy. A beam halo/core structure was observed for ion extraction at low extraction voltages, and was greatly reduced at higher beam energy. Collimation through use of longer extraction channels results in reduced ion current on target; the resultant reduction in neutron yield for an API system driven by such an ion source can be compensated for by use of even higher beam energies. C1 [Sy, Amy; Ji, Qing] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sy, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 533 EP 537 DI 10.1063/1.3586157 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900111 ER PT S AU Wharton, CJ Seabury, EH Chichester, DL Caffrey, AJ Simpson, J Lemchak, M AF Wharton, C. J. Seabury, E. H. Chichester, D. L. Caffrey, A. J. Simpson, J. Lemchak, M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI X-Ray Measurements Of A Thermo Scientific P385 DD Neutron Generator SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE PGNAA; electrical neutron generator AB Idaho National Laboratory is experimenting with electrical neutron generators, as potential replacements for californium-252 radioisotopic neutron sources in its PINS prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) system for the identification of military chemical warfare agents and explosives. In addition to neutron output, we have recently measured the x-ray output of the Thermo Scientific P385 deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. X rays are a normal by product from neutron generators, but depending on their intensity and energy, x rays can interfere with gamma rays from the object under test, increase gamma-spectrometer dead time, and reduce PGNAA system throughput. The P385 x-ray energy spectrum was measured with a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector, and a broad peak is evident at about 70 keV. To identify the source of the x rays within the neutron generator assembly, it was scanned by collimated scintillation detectors along its long axis. At the strongest x-ray emission points, the generator also was rotated 60 between measurements. The scans show the primary source of x-ray emission from the P385 neutron generator is an area 60 degrees mm from the neutron production target, in the vicinity of the ion source. Rotation of the neutron generator did not significantly alter the x-ray count rate, and its x-ray emission appears to be axially symmetric. A thin lead shield, 3.2 mm (1/8 inch) thick, reduced the 70-keV generator x rays to negligible levels. C1 [Wharton, C. J.; Seabury, E. H.; Chichester, D. L.; Caffrey, A. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Freemont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Simpson, J.; Lemchak, M.] Thermo Fisher Sci MF Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. RP Wharton, CJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Freemont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. FU U.S. Army Project Manager for Non-Stockpile Chemical Material, under U.S. Department of Energy Field Office Idaho [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This research at Idaho National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Army Project Manager for Non-Stockpile Chemical Material, under U.S. Department of Energy Field Office Idaho contract DE-AC07-05ID14517.; I would also like to thank Rahmat Aryaeinejad and Karen Wendt for their assistance. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 538 EP 540 DI 10.1063/1.3586158 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900112 ER PT S AU Chiu, M AF Chiu, Mickey BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Calorimetry At Very High Energy Colliders SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Calorimeters; Tevatron; LHC; RHIC; Atlas; PHENIX AB The capability of hadron colliders has increased to where it will soon be possible to collide protons at center of mass energies of 14 TeV with the advent of the LHC. With increasing collision energy, calorimeters become ever more essential components of a detector, and collaborations often choose very different technologies to meet their goals. From the perspective of a high energy particle and nuclear physicist, a survey is presented of the differences in design considerations and actual performance of the wide variety of calorimeters used in modern hadron colliders such as the Tevatron, RHIC, and LHC. The lessons learned and some ideas for future development of calorimetry will also be discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chiu, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 552 EP 555 DI 10.1063/1.3586161 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900115 ER PT S AU Pentchev, L Zihlmann, B AF Pentchev, Lubomir Zihlmann, Benedikt CA GlueX Collaboration BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Forward Drift Chamber for the GlueX Experiment at the 12 GeV CEBAF Machine SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE hybrid mesons; drift chambers AB The GlueX experiment will search for exotic mesons produced by 9 GeV linearly polarized photons from the upgraded CEBAF machine. It is critical to detect and measure the four-momenta of all the charged particles and photons resulting from the decays of the mesons. The solenoid-based detector system includes tracking detectors and calorimeters. The Forward Drift Chamber, FDC, consists of 24 circular planar drift chambers of 1m diameter. Additional cathode readout is required to achieve efficient pattern recognition. The detection of photons by the electromagnetic calorimeters imposes constraints on the amount of material used in the FDC. The specific features of the detector and the readout electronics will be described. Results from the tests of the full scale prototype will be presented, as well. C1 [Pentchev, Lubomir; Zihlmann, Benedikt] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Pentchev, L (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 565 EP 568 DI 10.1063/1.3586164 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900118 ER PT S AU Beene, JR Dowling, DT Gross, CJ Juras, RC Liu, Y Meigs, MJ Mendez, AJ Nazarewicz, W Sinclair, JW Stracener, DW Tatum, BA AF Beene, J. R. Dowling, D. T. Gross, C. J. Juras, R. C. Liu, Y. Meigs, M. J. Mendez, A. J., II Nazarewicz, W. Sinclair, J. W. Stracener, D. W. Tatum, B. A. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Radioactive Ion Beam Production Capabilities At The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE HRIBF; RIB; ISOL; ORNL; accelerator ID HRIBF; PHOTODETACHMENT; ACCELERATOR AB The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) is a national user facility for research with radioactive ion beams (RIBs) that has been in routine operation since 1996. It is located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and operated by the ORNL Physics Division. The principal mission of the HRIBF is the production of high quality beams of short-lived radioactive isotopes to support research in nuclear structure physics and nuclear astrophysics. HRIBF is currently unique worldwide in its ability to provide neutron-rich fission fragment beams post-accelerated to energies above the Coulomb barrier for nuclear reactions. HRIBF produces RIBs by the isotope separator on-line (ISOL) technique using a particle accelerator system that consists of the Oak Ridge Isochronous Cyclotron (ORIC) driver accelerator, one of the two Injectors for Radioactive Ion Species (IRIS1 or IRIS2) production systems, and the 25-MV tandem electrostatic accelerator that is used for RIB post-acceleration. ORIC provides a light ion beam (proton, deuteron, or alpha) which is directed onto a thick target mounted in a target-ion source (TIS) assembly located on IRIS1 or IRIS2. Radioactive atoms that diffuse from the target material are ionized, accelerated, mass selected, and transported to the tandem accelerator where they are further accelerated to energies suitable for nuclear physics research. RIBs are transported through a beam line system to various experimental end stations including the Recoil Mass Spectrometer (RMS) for nuclear structure research, and the Daresbury Recoil Separator (DRS) for nuclear astrophysics research. HRIBF also includes two off-line ion source test facilities, one low-power on-line ISOL test facility (OLTF), and one high-power on-line ISOL test facility (HPTL). This paper provides an overview and status update of HRIBF, describes the recently completed $4.7M IRIS2 addition and incorporation of laser systems for beam production and purification, and discusses a proposed replacement of the ORIC driver accelerator. C1 [Beene, J. R.; Dowling, D. T.; Gross, C. J.; Juras, R. C.; Liu, Y.; Meigs, M. J.; Mendez, A. J., II; Nazarewicz, W.; Sinclair, J. W.; Stracener, D. W.; Tatum, B. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Beene, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 576 EP 580 DI 10.1063/1.3586168 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900122 ER PT S AU Baramsai, B Mitchell, GE Agvaanluvsan, U Becvar, F Bredeweg, TA Couture, A Chyzh, A Dashdorj, D Haight, RC Jandel, M Keksis, AL Krticka, M O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Walker, C Wouters, JM AF Baramsai, B. Mitchell, G. E. Agvaanluvsan, U. Becvar, F. Bredeweg, T. A. Couture, A. Chyzh, A. Dashdorj, D. Haight, R. C. Jandel, M. Keksis, A. L. Krticka, M. O'Donnell, J. M. Rundberg, R. S. Ullmann, J. L. Vieira, D. J. Walker, C. Wouters, J. M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Neutron Resonance Spin Determination Using Multi-Segmented Detector DANCE SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE neutron capture; resonance spin; gamma-ray multiplicity; multiplicity distribution; level density AB A sensitive method to determine the spin of neutron resonances is introduced based on the statistical pattern recognition technique. The new method was used to assign the spins of s-wave resonances in Gd-155. The experimental neutron capture data for these nuclei were measured with the DANCE (Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiment) calorimeter at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The highly segmented calorimeter provided detailed multiplicity distributions of the capture gamma-rays. Using this information, the spins of the neutron capture resonances were determined. With these new spin assignments, level spacings are determined separately for s-wave resonances with J(pi) = 1(-) and 2(-). C1 [Baramsai, B.; Mitchell, G. E.; Chyzh, A.; Dashdorj, D.; Walker, C.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bredeweg, T. A.; Couture, A.; Haight, R. C.; Jandel, M.; Keksis, A. L.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Rundberg, R. S.; Ullmann, J. L.; Vieira, D. J.; Wouters, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Agvaanluvsan, U.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Becvar, F.; Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. RP Baramsai, B (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU U.S. DOE [DE-FG52-09NA29460, DE-FG02-97ER41402, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported in part by U.S. DOE grants No. DE-FG52-09NA29460 and DE-FG02- 97ER41402 and performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE under contracts Nos. DE-AC52- 07NA27344 and DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 581 EP 585 DI 10.1063/1.3586169 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900123 ER PT S AU Madurga, M Paulauskas, S Grzywacz, R Padgett, SW Bardayan, DW Batchelder, JC Blackmon, JC Cizewski, JA Goans, RE Liddick, SN O'Malley, P Matei, C Peters, WA Rasco, C Raiola, F Sarazin, F AF Madurga, M. Paulauskas, S. Grzywacz, R. Padgett, S. W. Bardayan, D. W. Batchelder, J. C. Blackmon, J. C. Cizewski, J. A. Goans, R. E. Liddick, S. N. O'Malley, P. Matei, C. Peters, W. A. Rasco, C. Raiola, F. Sarazin, F. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Digital Electronics For The Versatile Array Of Neutron Detectors At Low Energies SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Computer data analysis; Data acquisition and sorting AB A chi(2) minimization algorithm has been developed to extract sub-sampling-time information from digitized waveforms, to be used to instrument the future Versatile Array of Neutron Detectors at Low energies. The algorithm performance has been characterized with a fast Arbitrary Function Generator, obtaining time resolution better than 1 ns for signals of amplitudes between 50 mV and 1V, with negligible walk in the whole range. The proof-of-principle measurement of the beta-delayed neutron emission from Br-89 indicates a resolution of 1 ns can be achieved in realistic experimental conditions. C1 [Madurga, M.; Paulauskas, S.; Grzywacz, R.; Padgett, S. W.; Goans, R. E.; Liddick, S. N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bardayan, D. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Batchelder, J. C.; Goans, R. E.; Matei, C.; Peters, W. A.; Rasco, C.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Blackmon, J. C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Cizewski, J. A.; O'Malley, P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Raiola, F.; Sarazin, F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Madurga, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Matei, Catalin/B-2586-2008; OI Matei, Catalin/0000-0002-2254-3853; Paulauskas, Stanley/0000-0002-6479-4626 FU NNSA through the DOE [DE-FG52-08NA28552] FX This work was supported by the NNSA through the DOE Cooperative Agreement DE-FG52-08NA28552. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 586 EP 589 DI 10.1063/1.3586170 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900124 ER PT S AU Johnson, MS Hall, JM McNabb, DP Tuffley, MJ Ahmed, MW Stave, S Weller, HR Karwowski, H Thompkins, J AF Johnson, Micah S. Hall, James M. McNabb, Dennis P. Tuffley, Michael J. Ahmed, Mohammed W. Stave, Sean Weller, Henry R. Karwowski, Hugon Thompkins, Jeromy BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Using Quasi-Monoenergetic Photon Sources To Probe Photo-Fission Resonances SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE photo-fission; fission; fission neutrons; national security; cross-sections AB We present preliminary results of photo-fission measurements of uranium isotopes with the quasi-monoenergetic gamma-ray source, HIGS. The measurements were performed to search for photo-fission resonances. We discuss potential applications to use photo-fission resonances to identify special nuclear material in cargo containers. We discuss the importance of quasi-monoenergetic gamma-ray sources for this kind of application. C1 [Johnson, Micah S.; Hall, James M.; McNabb, Dennis P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Tuffley, Michael J.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Ahmed, Mohammed W.; Stave, Sean; Weller, Henry R.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Karwowski, Hugon; Thompkins, Jeromy] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. DOE; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DHS/DNDO FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This effort is supported by DHS/DNDO. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 590 EP 593 DI 10.1063/1.3586171 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900125 ER PT S AU Tovesson, F Laptev, AB Hill, TS AF Tovesson, F. Laptev, A. B. Hill, T. S. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Actinide Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Section Measurements At LANSCE SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Fission; cross section; actinides; fast neutrons; time-of-flight AB Fission cross sections of a range of actinides have been measured at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) in support of nuclear energy applications in a wide energy range from sub thermal energies up to 200 MeV. Parallel-plate ionization chambers are used to measure fission cross sections ratios relative to the U-235 standard while incident neutron energies are determined using the time-of-flight method. Recent measurements include the U-233,U-238, Pu239-242 and Am-243 neutron-induced fission cross sections. Obtained data are presented in comparison with existing evaluations and previous data. C1 [Tovesson, F.; Laptev, A. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hill, T. S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Tovesson, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907 FU US Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Security; LLC [DE-AC52- 06NA25396] FX This work has benefited from the use of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This facility is funded by the US Department of Energy and operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC under contract DE-AC52- 06NA25396. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 598 EP 602 DI 10.1063/1.3586173 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900127 ER PT S AU Laptev, AB Haight, RC Tovesson, F Arndt, RA Briscoe, WJ Paris, MW Strakovsky, II Workman, RL AF Laptev, A. B. Haight, R. C. Tovesson, F. Arndt, R. A. Briscoe, W. J. Paris, M. W. Strakovsky, I. I. Workman, R. L. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Absolute np and pp Cross Section Determinations Aimed At Improving The Standard For Cross Section Measurements SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Partial-wave analysis; cross section; np and pp interactions ID PARTIAL-WAVE ANALYSIS AB Purpose of present research is a keeping improvement of the standard for cross section measurements of neutron-induced reactions. The cross sections for np and pp scattering below 1 GeV are determined based on partial-wave analyses (PWAs) of nucleon-nucleon scattering data. These cross sections are compared with the most recent ENDF/B-VII.0 and JENDL-4.0 data files, and the Nijmegen PWA. Also a comparison of evaluated data with recent experimental data was made to check a quality of evaluation. Excellent agreement was found between the new experimental data and our PWA predictions. C1 [Laptev, A. B.; Haight, R. C.; Tovesson, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Laptev, AB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEFG0299ER41110] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DEFG0299ER41110. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 603 EP 607 DI 10.1063/1.3586174 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900128 ER PT S AU Branson, JV Hattar, K Vizkelethy, G Powell, CJ Rossi, P Doyle, BL AF Branson, J. V. Hattar, K. Vizkelethy, G. Powell, C. J. Rossi, P. Doyle, B. L. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Heavy Ion Radiation Effects Studies With Ion Photon Emission Microscopy SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE radiation effects; cyclotron; emission microscopy; microprobe AB The development of a new radiation effects microscopy (REM) technique is crucial as emerging semiconductor technologies demonstrate smaller feature sizes and thicker back end of line (BEOL) layers. To penetrate these materials and still deposit sufficient energy into the device to induce single event effects, high energy heavy ions are required. Ion photon emission microscopy (IPEM) is a technique that utilizes coincident photons, which are emitted from the location of each ion impact to map out regions of radiation sensitivity in integrated circuits and devices, circumventing the obstacle of focusing high-energy heavy ions. Several versions of the IPEM have been developed and implemented at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). One such instrument has been utilized on the microbeam line of the 6 MV tandem accelerator at SNL. Another IPEM was designed for ex-vacu use at the 88 '' cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Extensive engineering is involved in the development of these IPEM systems, including resolving issues with electronics, event timing, optics, phosphor selection, and mechanics. The various versions of the IPEM and the obstacles, as well as benefits associated with each will be presented. In addition, the current stage of IPEM development as a user instrument will be discussed in the context of recent results. C1 [Branson, J. V.; Hattar, K.; Vizkelethy, G.; Powell, C. J.; Doyle, B. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Rossi, P.] Univ Padua, Dept Phys, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Rossi, P.] INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Branson, JV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Italian "Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare" (INFN); LBNL; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a whollyowned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Work supported in part by the Italian Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN). Work at LBNL was supported by the Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 631 EP 636 DI 10.1063/1.3586179 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900133 ER PT S AU Johnson, CE DeWitt, JM Benton, ER Yasuda, N Benton, EV AF Johnson, C. E. DeWitt, J. M. Benton, E. R. Yasuda, N. Benton, E. V. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI LET Spectrum Measurements In CR-39 PNTD With AFM SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE CR-39; AFM; short-range; high-LET ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BULK ETCH; NUCLEAR; ELLIPSES; TRACK AB Energetic protons, neutrons, and heavy ions undergoing collisions with target nuclei of varying Z can produce residual heavy recoil fragments via intra-nuclear cascade/evaporation reactions. The particles produced in these non-elastic collisions generally have such extremely short range (similar to<10 mu m) that they cannot be directly observed by conventional detection methods including CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector (PNTD) that has been chemically etched for analysis by standard visible light microscopy. However, high-LET recoil fragments having range on the order of several cell diameters can be produced in tissue during radiotherapy using proton and carbon beams. We have developed a method to analyze short-range, high-LET tracks in CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector (PNTD) using short duration chemical etching (similar to<1 mu m) following by automated atomic force microscope (AFM) scanning. The post-scan data processing used in this work was based on semi-automated matrix analysis opposed to traditional grey-scale image analysis. This method takes advantage of the 3-D data obtained via AFM to achieve robust discrimination of nuclear tracks from other features inherently present in the post-etch detector surface. Through automation of AFM scanning, sufficient AFM scan frames were obtained to attain an LET spectrum spanning the LET range from 200-1500 keV/mu m. In addition to our experiments, simulations were carried out with the Monte Carlo transport code, FLUKA. To demonstrate this method, CR-39 PNTD was exposed to the proton therapy beam at Loma Linda University Medical Center (LLUMC) at 60 and 230 MeV. Additionally, detectors were exposed to 1 GeV protons at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). For these exposures CR-39 PNTD, Al and Cu target foils were used between detector layers. C1 [Johnson, C. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [DeWitt, J. M.; Benton, E. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Yasuda, N.] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba, Japan. [Benton, E. V.] Univ San Francisco, Dept Phys, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Johnson, CE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 637 EP 642 DI 10.1063/1.3586180 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900134 ER PT S AU Quinn, H Manuzzato, A Graham, P DeHon, A Carter, N AF Quinn, Heather Manuzzato, Andrea Graham, Paul DeHon, Andre' Carter, Nicholas BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI High-Reliability Computing For The Smarter Planet SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Reliability; Computing; Radiation Effects in Semiconductors AB As computer automation continues to increase in our society, the need for greater radiation reliability is necessary. Already critical infrastructure is failing too frequently. In this paper, we will introduce the Cross-Layer Reliability concept for designing more reliable computer systems. C1 [Quinn, Heather; Manuzzato, Andrea; Graham, Paul] LANL, ISR3, POB 1663,MSD440, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [DeHon, Andre'] Univ Pennsylvania, Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Carter, Nicholas] Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. RP Quinn, H (reprint author), LANL, ISR3, POB 1663,MSD440, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 665 EP 668 DI 10.1063/1.3586185 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900139 ER PT S AU Insepov, Z Yun, D Ye, B Rest, J Starikov, S Yacout, AM AF Insepov, Z. Yun, D. Ye, B. Rest, J. Starikov, S. Yacout, A. M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Simulation Of Ion Implantation Into Nuclear Materials And Comparison With Experiment SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Radiation defects; Mo; CeO2; TEM; Xe ion; MD and MC simulations ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BOMBARDMENT; POTENTIALS; YIELDS AB A new many-body potential is proposed for pure molybdenum that consists of using ab initio and atomistic MD simulation methods verified against existing surface erosion experimental data. Mo is an important material for metallic U-Mo alloys for using them in low-enriched fuels. Several new Xe-Mo potentials were also parameterized by comparing the calculated sputtering yield of a Mo-surface bombarded with Xe ions with experimental data. Calculated results were also compared with defect distributions in CeO2 crystals obtained from experiments by 500 keV Xe implantation at the doses of 1. 1017 ions/cm2 at several temperatures. C1 [Insepov, Z.; Yun, D.; Rest, J.; Starikov, S.; Yacout, A. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Yun, D.; Ye, B.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Starikov, S.] Joint Inst High Temp RAS, Moscow 125412, Russia. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RI Yun, Di/K-6441-2013; Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013; Starikov, Sergey/B-8162-2013 OI Yun, Di/0000-0002-9767-3214; Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293; Starikov, Sergey/0000-0002-9112-6033 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-6CH11357] FX Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-6CH11357. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 672 EP 676 DI 10.1063/1.3586187 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900141 ER PT S AU Seabury, EH Chichester, DL AF Seabury, E. H. Chichester, D. L. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Monte Carlo Simulations Of The Response Of Shielded SNM To A Pulsed Neutron Source SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE MCNP; MCNPX; Active Interrogation; Electronic Neutron Generator AB Active neutron interrogation has been used as a technique for the detection and identification of special nuclear material (SNM) for both proposed and field-tested systems. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been studying this technique for systems ranging from small systems employing portable electronic neutron generators to larger systems employing linear accelerators as high-energy photon sources for assessment of vehicles and cargo. In order to assess the feasibility of new systems, INL has undertaken a campaign of Monte Carlo simulations of the response of a variety of masses of SNM in multiple shielding configurations to a pulsed neutron source using the MCNPX code, with emphasis on the neutron and photon response of the system as a function of time after the initial neutron pulse. We present here some preliminary results from these calculations. C1 [Seabury, E. H.; Chichester, D. L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Seabury, EH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 723 EP 726 DI 10.1063/1.3586197 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900151 ER PT S AU Maier, G Feldmann, A Paxson, V Sommer, R Vallentin, M AF Maier, Gregor Feldmann, Anja Paxson, Vern Sommer, Robin Vallentin, Matthias BE Holz, T Bos, H TI An Assessment of Overt Malicious Activity Manifest in Residential Networks SO DETECTION OF INTRUSIONS AND MALWARE, AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment CY JUL 07-08, 2011 CL Vrije Univ, Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS HO Vrije Univ AB While conventional wisdom holds that residential users experience a high degree of compromise and infection, this presumption has seen little validation in the way of an in-depth study. In this paper we present a first step towards an assessment based on monitoring network activity (anonymized for user privacy) of 20,000 residential DSL customers in a European urban area, roughly 1,000 users of a community network in rural India, and several thousand dormitory users at a large US university. Our study focuses on security issues that overtly manifest in such data sets, such as scanning, spamming, payload signatures, and contact to botnet rendezvous points. We analyze the relationship between overt manifestations of such activity versus the "security hygiene" of the user populations (anti-virus and OS software updates) and potential risky behavior (accessing blacklisted URLs). We find that hygiene has little correlation with observed behavior, but risky behavior which is quite prevalent more than doubles the likelihood that a system will manifest security issues. C1 [Maier, Gregor; Paxson, Vern; Sommer, Robin] Int Comp Sci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Maier, Gregor; Feldmann, Anja] TU Berlin, Deutsche Telekom Labs, Berlin, Germany. [Paxson, Vern] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sommer, Robin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Maier, G (reprint author), Int Comp Sci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. FU NSF [CNS-905631, NSF-0433702]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Research Office under MURI [W911NF-09-1-0553]; Deutsche Telekom Laboratories Berlin and a fellowship within the postdoctoral program of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) FX This work was supported in part by NSF Awards CNS-905631 and NSF-0433702; the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Research Office under MURI grant No. W911NF-09-1-0553; a grant from Deutsche Telekom Laboratories Berlin; and a fellowship within the postdoctoral program of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). Opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Army Research Office, or DAAD. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-22423-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6739 BP 144 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BZY42 UT WOS:000303367200009 ER PT S AU Ginocchio, JN AF Ginocchio, Joseph N. BE Bentz, W Oka, M Otsuka, T Yoshinaga, N TI Relativistic Pseudospin Symmetry SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEW FACES OF ATOMIC NUCLEI: FESTSCHRIFT IN HONOUR OF AKITO ARIMA'S 80TH BIRTHDAY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Faces of Atomic Nuclei - Festschrift in Honour of Akito Arimas 80th Birthday CY NOV 15-17, 2010 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Okinawa Insti Sci & Technol (OIST), Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), Ctr Nucl Study Univ Tokyo (CNS), RIKEN Nishina Ctr Accelerator-Based Sci, Inoue Sci Fdn DE pseudospin symmetry; relativistic mean field; Dirac Hamiltonian; SU(3) symmetry ID MIXED CONFIGURATIONS; NUCLEI; DECAY; TRANSITIONS; SCHEMES AB We show that the pseudospin symmetry that Akito Arima discovered many years ago (with collaborators) is a symmetry of the the Dirac Hamiltonian for which the sum of the scalar and vector potentials are a constant. In this paper we discuss some of the implications of this relativistic symmetry and the experimental data that support these predictions. In his original paper Akito also discussed pseudo-U(3) symmetry. We show that pseudo-U(3) symmetry is a symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian for which the sum of harmonic oscillator vector and scalar potentials are equal to a constant, and we give the generators of pseudo-U(3) symmetry. Going beyond the mean field we summarize new results on non relativistic shell model Hamiltonians that have pseudospin symmetry and pseudo-orbital angular momentum symmetry as a dynamical symmetries. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ginocchio, JN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS 283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0913-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1355 DI 10.1063/1.3584059 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZU02 UT WOS:000302959900021 ER PT J AU Ghan, SJ Abdul-Razzak, H Nenes, A Ming, Y Liu, XH Ovchinnikov, M Shipway, B Meskhidze, N Xu, J Shi, XJ AF Ghan, Steven J. Abdul-Razzak, Hayder Nenes, Athanasios Ming, Yi Liu, Xiaohong Ovchinnikov, Mikhail Shipway, Ben Meskhidze, Nicholas Xu, Jun Shi, Xiangjun TI Droplet nucleation: Physically-based parameterizations and comparative evaluation SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; STRATIFORM CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; DEEP CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS; PART I; GROWTH-KINETICS; CCN ACTIVITY AB One of the greatest sources of uncertainty in simulations of climate and climate change is the influence of aerosols on the optical properties of clouds. The root of this influence is the droplet nucleation process, which involves the spontaneous growth of aerosol into cloud droplets at cloud edges, during the early stages of cloud formation, and in some cases within the interior of mature clouds. Numerical models of droplet nucleation represent much of the complexity of the process, but at a computational cost that limits their application to simulations of hours or days. Physically-based parameterizations of droplet nucleation are designed to quickly estimate the number nucleated as a function of the primary controlling parameters: the aerosol number size distribution, hygroscopicity and cooling rate. Here we compare and contrast the key assumptions used in developing each of the most popular parameterizations and compare their performances under a variety of conditions. We find that the more complex parameterizations perform well under a wider variety of nucleation conditions, but all parameterizations perform well under the most common conditions. We then discuss the various applications of the parameterizations to cloud-resolving, regional and global models to study aerosol effects on clouds at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. We compare estimates of anthropogenic aerosol indirect effects using two different parameterizations applied to the same global climate model, and find that the estimates of indirect effects differ by only 10%. We conclude with a summary of the outstanding challenges remaining for further development and application. C1 [Ghan, Steven J.; Liu, Xiaohong; Ovchinnikov, Mikhail; Shi, Xiangjun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Abdul-Razzak, Hayder] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dept Mech Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ming, Yi] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. [Shipway, Ben] Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. [Meskhidze, Nicholas; Xu, Jun] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Xu, Jun] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Shi, Xiangjun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ghan, SJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher & Global Change Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM steve.ghan@pnl.gov RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012; Shipway, Ben/E-1375-2011; Liu, Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Shipway, Ben/0000-0002-7419-0789; Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 FU U.S. Department of Energy; NASA ACMAP; NSF CAREER; [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This summary of the state of science has been funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Systems Research program. This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division, under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 with the US Department of Energy. AN acknowledges support by NASA ACMAP and NSF CAREER. NR 168 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PY 2011 VL 3 AR M10001 DI 10.1029/2011MS000074 PG 33 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 931EM UT WOS:000303198400013 ER PT J AU Lawrence, DM Oleson, KW Flanner, MG Thornton, PE Swenson, SC Lawrence, PJ Zeng, XB Yang, ZL Levis, S Sakaguchi, K Bonan, GB Slater, AG AF Lawrence, David M. Oleson, Keith W. Flanner, Mark G. Thornton, Peter E. Swenson, Sean C. Lawrence, Peter J. Zeng, Xubin Yang, Zong-Liang Levis, Samuel Sakaguchi, Koichi Bonan, Gordon B. Slater, Andrew G. TI Parameterization Improvements and Functional and Structural Advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; URBAN PARAMETERIZATION; ROUGHNESS LENGTH; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SYSTEM MODEL; PART I; SOIL; SURFACE; EVAPORATION; VARIABILITY AB The Community Land Model is the land component of the Community Climate System Model. Here, we describe a broad set of model improvements and additions that have been provided through the CLM development community to create CLM4. The model is extended with a carbon-nitrogen (CN) biogeochemical model that is prognostic with respect to vegetation, litter, and soil carbon and nitrogen states and vegetation phenology. An urban canyon model is added and a transient land cover and land use change (LCLUC) capability, including wood harvest, is introduced, enabling study of historic and future LCLUC on energy, water, momentum, carbon, and nitrogen fluxes. The hydrology scheme is modified with a revised numerical solution of the Richards equation and a revised ground evaporation parameterization that accounts for litter and within-canopy stability. The new snow model incorporates the SNow and Ice Aerosol Radiation model (SNICAR) - which includes aerosol deposition, grain-size dependent snow aging, and vertically-resolved snowpack heating - as well as new snow cover and snow burial fraction parameterizations. The thermal and hydrologic properties of organic soil are accounted for and the ground column is extended to similar to 50-m depth. Several other minor modifications to the land surface types dataset, grass and crop optical properties, surface layer thickness, roughness length and displacement height, and the disposition of snow-capped runoff are also incorporated. The new model exhibits higher snow cover, cooler soil temperatures in organic-rich soils, greater global river discharge, and lower albedos over forests and grasslands, all of which are improvements compared to CLM3.5. When CLM4 is run with CN, the mean biogeophysical simulation is degraded because the vegetation structure is prognostic rather than prescribed, though running in this mode also allows more complex terrestrial interactions with climate and climate change. C1 [Lawrence, David M.; Oleson, Keith W.; Swenson, Sean C.; Lawrence, Peter J.; Levis, Samuel; Bonan, Gordon B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Flanner, Mark G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thornton, Peter E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zeng, Xubin; Sakaguchi, Koichi] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Yang, Zong-Liang] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, John A & Katherine G Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA. [Slater, Andrew G.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Lawrence, DM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RI Yang, Zong-Liang/B-4916-2011; Flanner, Mark/C-6139-2011; Lawrence, David/C-4026-2011; Sakaguchi, Koichi/D-9557-2013; Oleson, Keith/A-9328-2008; Slater, Andrew/B-4666-2008; Thornton, Peter/B-9145-2012; OI Slater, Andrew/0000-0003-0480-8560; Zeng, Xubin/0000-0001-7352-2764; Flanner, Mark/0000-0003-4012-174X; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-2968-3023; Sakaguchi, Koichi/0000-0001-9672-6364; Thornton, Peter/0000-0002-4759-5158; SLATER, ANDREW/0000-0002-4009-4844 FU National Science Foundation; Office of Science (BER), U. S. DOE [DE-FC02-97ER62402] FX We thank NCAR software engineers E. Kluzek, M. Vertenstein, T. Craig, and B. Kaufmann for their invaluable contributions to the development of CLM4. We would also like to thank the three anonymous reviewers who made many useful suggestions that improved the paper. NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. David Lawrence is supported by the Office of Science (BER), U. S. DOE, Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC02-97ER62402. NR 73 TC 429 Z9 436 U1 39 U2 248 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PY 2011 VL 3 AR M03001 DI 10.1029/2011MS000045 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 931EM UT WOS:000303198400002 ER PT J AU Morrison, H Zuidema, P Ackerman, AS Avramov, A de Boer, G Fan, JW Fridlind, AM Hashino, T Harrington, JY Luo, YL Ovchinnikov, M Shipway, B AF Morrison, Hugh Zuidema, Paquita Ackerman, Andrew S. Avramov, Alexander de Boer, Gijs Fan, Jiwen Fridlind, Ann M. Hashino, Tempei Harrington, Jerry Y. Luo, Yali Ovchinnikov, Mikhail Shipway, Ben TI Intercomparison of cloud model simulations of Arctic mixed-phase boundary layer clouds observed during SHEBA/FIRE-ACE SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION-SYSTEM SHIPS; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; ICE CRYSTALS; PART II; RESOLVING SIMULATIONS; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; M-PACE AB An intercomparison of six cloud-resolving and large-eddy simulation models is presented. This case study is based on observations of a persistent mixed-phase boundary layer cloud gathered on 7 May, 1998 from the Surface Heat Budget of Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) and First ISCCP Regional Experiment -Arctic Cloud Experiment (FIRE-ACE). Ice nucleation is constrained in the simulations in a way that holds the ice crystal concentration approximately fixed, with two sets of sensitivity runs in addition to the baseline simulations utilizing different specified ice nucleus (IN) concentrations. All of the baseline and sensitivity simulations group into two distinct quasi-steady states associated with either persistent mixed-phase clouds or all-ice clouds after the first few hours of integration, implying the existence of multiple states for this case. These two states are associated with distinctly different microphysical, thermodynamic, and radiative characteristics. Most but not all of the models produce a persistent mixed-phase cloud qualitatively similar to observations using the baseline IN/crystal concentration, while small increases in the IN/crystal concentration generally lead to rapid glaciation and conversion to the all-ice state. Budget analysis indicates that larger ice deposition rates associated with increased IN/crystal concentrations have a limited direct impact on dissipation of liquid in these simulations. However, the impact of increased ice deposition is greatly enhanced by several interaction pathways that lead to an increased surface precipitation flux, weaker cloud top radiative cooling and cloud dynamics, and reduced vertical mixing, promoting rapid glaciation of the mixed-phase cloud for deposition rates in the cloud layer greater than about 1-2 x 10(-5) g kg(-1) s(-1) for this case. These results indicate the critical importance of precipitation-radiative-dynamical interactions in simulating cloud phase, which have been neglected in previous fixed-dynamical parcel studies of the cloud phase parameter space. Large sensitivity to the IN/crystal concentration also suggests the need for improved understanding of ice nucleation and its parameterization in models. C1 [Morrison, Hugh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Zuidema, Paquita] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Ackerman, Andrew S.; Avramov, Alexander; Fridlind, Ann M.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Avramov, Alexander] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, New York, NY USA. [de Boer, Gijs] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fan, Jiwen; Ovchinnikov, Mikhail] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hashino, Tempei] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Harrington, Jerry Y.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Luo, Yali] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Shipway, Ben] UK Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Morrison, H (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM morrison@ucar.edu RI Fridlind, Ann/E-1495-2012; Fan, Jiwen/E-9138-2011; Ackerman, Andrew/D-4433-2012; Zuidema, Paquita/C-9659-2013; Shipway, Ben/E-1375-2011; de Boer, Gijs/F-3949-2011 OI Ackerman, Andrew/0000-0003-0254-6253; Zuidema, Paquita/0000-0003-4719-372X; Shipway, Ben/0000-0002-7419-0789; de Boer, Gijs/0000-0003-4652-7150 FU U. S. DOE ARM [DE-FG02-08ER64574]; NSF Science and Technology Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) [ATM-0425247]; NASA [NNX07AQ81G, NNG04G171G]; US DOE [ER64187-1027586-0011923, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U. S. DOE Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); DOE Office of Science, OBER [DE-AI02-06ER64173, DE-AI02-08ER64527]; DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; NASA Radiation Sciences Program and Advanced Supercomputing Division; National Science Foundation [ATM-0639542, AGS-0951807]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER64058, DE-FG02-08ER4570]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40875064, 40921003]; Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences [2007R001]; Special Fund for Research in Meteorology [GYHY200806020]; [DE-AC05-76RLO-1830] FX We thank our colleagues in the SHEBA Atmospheric Surface Flux Group, E. Andreas, C. Fairall, P. Guest, and P. O. Persson, for collecting and processing the SHEBA surface data, and R. Moritz for the SHEBA sonde data. We also thank M. Shupe and B. van Deidenhoven for helpful discussions. HM was supported by U. S. DOE ARM DE-FG02-08ER64574 and the NSF Science and Technology Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP), managed by Colorado State University under cooperative agreement ATM-0425247. GB acknowledges NASA (NNX07AQ81G) and the US DOE (ER64187-1027586-0011923) for funding support. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is managed by the University of California under US DOE grant DE-AC02-05CH11231. JF and MO were supported primarily by the U. S. DOE Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) program; the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RLO-1830. ASA and AMF were supported by the DOE Office of Science, OBER, through Interagency Agreements DE-AI02-06ER64173 and DE-AI02-08ER64527, the DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, and the NASA Radiation Sciences Program and Advanced Supercomputing Division. PZ was supported by NASA Interdisciplinary Studies grant NNG04G171G. JYH would like to thank the National Science Foundation for support under Grants ATM-0639542 and AGS-0951807 and The Department of Energy Atmospheric Systems Research Program for support under Grants DE-FG02-05ER64058 and DE-FG02-08ER4570. YL was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (projects 40875064 and 40921003), the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (2007R001), and the Special Fund for Research in Meteorology (GYHY200806020). TH was supported by NASA (NNX07AQ81G). NR 79 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PY 2011 VL 3 AR M06003 DI 10.1029/2011MS000066 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 931EM UT WOS:000303198400009 ER PT J AU Shrestha, R Houser, PR Anantharaj, VG AF Shrestha, Roshan Houser, Paul R. Anantharaj, Valentine G. TI An optimal merging technique for high-resolution precipitation products SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID RADAR-RAINFALL ESTIMATION; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; GAUGE OBSERVATIONS; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; COMBINING SATELLITE; TROPICAL RAINFALL; MATCHING METHOD; RANDOM CASCADES; MODEL; ERROR AB Precipitation products are currently available from various sources at higher spatial and temporal resolution than any time in the past. Each of the precipitation products has its strengths and weaknesses in availability, accuracy, resolution, retrieval techniques and quality control. By merging the precipitation data obtained from multiple sources, one can improve its information content by minimizing these issues. However, precipitation data merging poses challenges of scale-mismatch, and accurate error and bias assessment. In this paper we present Optimal Merging of Precipitation (OMP), a new method to merge precipitation data from multiple sources that are of different spatial and temporal resolutions and accuracies. This method is a combination of scale conversion and merging weight optimization, involving performance-tracing based on Bayesian statistics and trend-analysis, which yields merging weights for each precipitation data source. The weights are optimized at multiple scales to facilitate multiscale merging and better precipitation down-scaling. Precipitation data used in the experiment include products from the 12-km resolution North American Land Data Assimilation (NLDAS) system, the 8-km resolution CMORPH and the 4-km resolution National Stage-IV QPE. The test cases demonstrate that the OMP method is capable of identifying a better data source and allocating a higher priority for them in the merging procedure, dynamically over the region and time period. This method is also effective in filtering out poor quality data introduced into the merging process. C1 [Shrestha, Roshan] IGES, Ctr Res Environm & Water, Calverton, MD 20705 USA. [Houser, Paul R.] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & GeoInformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Anantharaj, Valentine G.] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Anantharaj, Valentine G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shrestha, R (reprint author), IGES, Ctr Res Environm & Water, Calverton, MD 20705 USA. EM roshan@iges.org RI Houser, Paul/J-9515-2013 OI Houser, Paul/0000-0002-2991-0441 FU NASA [NNS06AA98B]; NOAA Office of Atmospheric Research [NA07OAR4170517]; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This research was sponsored by NASA Applied Sciences Program under grant NNS06AA98B and the NOAA Office of Atmospheric Research via grant NA07OAR4170517. Valentine Anantharaj is also supported by the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under the auspices of the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PY 2011 VL 3 AR M12003 DI 10.1029/2011MS000062 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 931EM UT WOS:000303198400006 ER PT J AU Wehner, MF Oliker, L Shalf, J Donofrio, D Drummond, LA Heikes, R Kamil, S Kono, C Miller, N Miura, H Mohiyuddin, M Randall, D Yang, WS AF Wehner, Michael F. Oliker, Leonid Shalf, John Donofrio, David Drummond, Leroy A. Heikes, Ross Kamil, Shoaib Kono, Celal Miller, Norman Miura, Hiroaki Mohiyuddin, Marghoob Randall, David Yang, Woo-Sun TI Hardware/software co-design of global cloud system resolving models SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-MODEL; RESOLUTION; EQUATIONS; GRIDS AB We present an analysis of the performance aspects of an atmospheric general circulation model at the ultra-high resolution required to resolve individual cloud systems and describe alternative technological paths to realize the integration of such a model in the relatively near future. Due to a superlinear scaling of the computational burden dictated by the Courant stability criterion, the solution of the equations of motion dominate the calculation at these ultra-high resolutions. From this extrapolation, it is estimated that a credible kilometer scale atmospheric model would require a sustained computational rate of at least 28 Petaflop/s to provide scientifically useful climate simulations. Our design study portends an alternate strategy for practical power-efficient implementations of next-generation ultra-scale systems. We demonstrate that hardware/software co-design of low-power embedded processor technology could be exploited to design a custom machine tailored to ultra-high resolution climate model specifications at relatively affordable cost and power considerations. A strawman machine design is presented consisting of in excess of 20 million processing elements that effectively exploits forthcoming many-core chips. The system pushes the limits of domain decomposition to increase explicit parallelism, and suggests that functional partitioning of sub-components of the climate code (much like the coarse-grained partitioning of computation between the atmospheric, ocean, land, and ice components of current coupled models) may be necessary for future performance scaling. C1 [Wehner, Michael F.; Oliker, Leonid; Shalf, John; Donofrio, David; Drummond, Leroy A.; Kamil, Shoaib; Miller, Norman; Mohiyuddin, Marghoob; Yang, Woo-Sun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CRD, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kamil, Shoaib; Mohiyuddin, Marghoob] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Heikes, Ross; Kono, Celal; Randall, David] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Miura, Hiroaki] Univ Tokyo, Ctr Climate Syst Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. RP Wehner, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CRD, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mfwehner@lbl.gov RI Randall, David/E-6113-2011 OI Randall, David/0000-0001-6935-4112 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LBNL Laboratory; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-06ER64302]; Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX All authors from LBNL were supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research or the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Department of Energy Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. In addition, LBNL authors were supported by the LBNL Laboratory Directed Research Program project, Holistic Approach to Energy Efficient Computing Architecture. David Randall, Celal Konor, Ross Heikes and Hiroaki Miura were supported by Cooperative Agreement DE-FC02-06ER64302 from the U. S. Department of Energy. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PY 2011 VL 3 AR M10003 DI 10.1029/2011MS000073 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 931EM UT WOS:000303198400012 ER PT S AU Bollinger, DS AF Bollinger, D. S. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Ion Source Development For The Proposed FNAL 750keV Injector Upgrade SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE Ion Source; Magnetron; RFQ; HINS; Cockcroft-Walton AB Currently there is a Proposed FNAL 750 keV Injector Upgrade for the replacement of the 40 year old Fermi National Laboratory (FNAL) Cockcroft-Walton accelerators with a new ion source and 200 MHz Radio Frequency Quadruple (RFQ). [1] The slit type magnetron being used now will be replaced with a round aperture magnetron similar to the one used at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL). Operational experience from BNL has shown that this type of source is more reliable with a longer lifetime due to better power efficiency [2]. The current source development effort is to produce a reliable source with > 60 mA of H- beam current, 15 Hz rep-rate, 100 mu s pulse width, and a duty factor of 0.15%. The source will be based on the BNL design along with development done at FNAL for the High Intensity Neutrino Source (HINS) [3]. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. RP Bollinger, DS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637398 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100029 ER PT S AU Davydenko, V Ivanov, A Kolmogorov, A Zelenski, A AF Davydenko, V. Ivanov, A. Kolmogorov, A. Zelenski, A. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Production of a high brightness H- beam by charge exchange of a hydrogen atom beam in a sodium jet SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE H- beam; charge exchange; sodium jet target ID ION-SOURCE AB Production of H- beams for applications in accelerators via charge exchange of a high brightness hydrogen neutral beam in a sodium jet cell is experimentally studied in a joint experiment by the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physcis (BINP). In the experiment, a hydrogen atomic beam with an energy 3-6 keV, an equivalent current up to 5 A and a pulse duration 200 microseconds is used. Initial results demonstrate that an H- beam with a current 36 mA, an energy 5 keV and similar to 0.15 cm.mrad normalized emittance was obtained. The recirculating sodium jet target with an entrance aperture 2 cm, which was developed for the BNL optically pumped polarized ion source, is used in the experiment. To increase the H- beam current, geometric focusing of the hydrogen neutral beam will be used in the future experiments. In addition, the effects of H- beam space-charge and sodium-jet stability will be studied to determine the basic limitations of this approach. The atomic beam is produced by charge exchange of a proton beam in a pulsed hydrogen target. The proton beam is formed by an ion source with a four-electrode multiaperture ion-optical system with small-size apertures. The plasma emission surface is formed by the plasma expansion from an arc plasma generator. The transverse ion temperature at the emission surface is 0.2 eV. C1 [Davydenko, V.; Ivanov, A.; Kolmogorov, A.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Zelenski, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Davydenko, V (reprint author), Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637410 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100041 ER PT S AU Dudnikov, V Han, B Johnson, RP Murray, SN Pennisi, TR Santana, M Stockli, MP Welton, RF AF Dudnikov, Vadim Han, B. Johnson, Rolland P. Murray, S. N. Pennisi, T. R. Santana, M. Stockli, Martin P. Welton, R. F. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Surface Plasma Source Electrode Activation by Surface Impurities SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE cesiation; surface plasma sources; negative ion; RF discharge ID NEGATIVE-ION PRODUCTION; HYDROGEN; VOLUME; ACCELERATORS; SCATTERING AB In experiments with RF saddle antenna surface plasma sources (SPS), the efficiency of H- ion generation was increased by up to a factor of 5 by plasma electrode "activation", without supplying additional Cs, by heating the collar to high temperature for several hours using hot air flow and plasma discharge. Without cracking or heating the cesium ampoule, but likely with Cs recovery from impurities, the achieved energy efficiency was comparable to that of conventionally cesiated SNS RF sources with an external or internal Cs supply. In the experiments, optimum cesiation was produced (without additional Cs) by the collection and trapping of traces of remnant cesium compounds from SPS surfaces. Such activation by accumulation of impurities on electrode surfaces can be a reason for H- emission enhancement in other so-called "volume" negative ion sources. C1 [Dudnikov, Vadim; Johnson, Rolland P.] Muons Inc, 552 N Batavia Ave, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Han, B.; Murray, S. N.; Pennisi, T. R.; Santana, M.; Stockli, Martin P.; Welton, R. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dudnikov, V (reprint author), Muons Inc, 552 N Batavia Ave, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU US DOE [DEAC05-00OR22725]; STTR [DE-SC0002690] FX This work has been supported in part by US DOE Contract DEAC05-00OR22725 and by STTR grant DE-SC0002690. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637412 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100043 ER PT S AU Grisham, LR AF Grisham, L. R. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Magnetic Insulation for Electrostatic Accelerators SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE Magnetic insulation; electrostatic accelerator; voltage holding; electrical breakdown ID NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTION; OPERATION; EMISSION; SYSTEM AB The voltage gradient which can be sustained between electrodes without electrical breakdowns is usually one of the most important parameters in determining the performance which can be obtained in an electrostatic accelerator. We have recently proposed a technique which might permit reliable operation of electrostatic accelerators at higher electric field gradients, perhaps also with less time required for the conditioning process in such accelerators. The idea is to run an electric current through each accelerator stage so as to produce a magnetic field which envelopes each electrode and its electrically conducting support structures. Having the magnetic field everywhere parallel to the conducting surfaces in the accelerator should impede the emission of electrons, and inhibit their ability to acquire energy from the electric field, thus reducing the chance that local electron emission will initiate an arc. A relatively simple experiment to assess this technique is being planned. If successful, this technique might eventually find applicability in electrostatic accelerators for fusion and other applications. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Grisham, LR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637419 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100050 ER PT S AU Han, BX Hardek, T Kang, Y Murray, SN Pennisi, TR Piller, C Santana, M Welton, RF Stockli, MP AF Han, B. X. Hardek, T. Kang, Y. Murray, S. N., Jr. Pennisi, T. R. Piller, C. Santana, M. Welton, R. F. Stockli, M. P. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Performance of the H- Ion Source Supporting 1-MW Beam Operations at SNS SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE H- ion source; RF ion source; Low energy beam transport AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory reached 1-MW of beam power in September 2009, and now routinely operates near 1-MW for the production of neutrons. This paper reviews the performance, operational issues, implemented and planned mitigations of the SNS H-ion source to support such high power-level beams with high availability. Some results from R&D activities are also briefly described. C1 [Han, B. X.; Hardek, T.; Kang, Y.; Murray, S. N., Jr.; Pennisi, T. R.; Piller, C.; Santana, M.; Welton, R. F.; Stockli, M. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Han, BX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Piller, Chip/0000-0003-4729-9364 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637391 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100022 ER PT S AU Hanada, M Kojima, A Inoue, T Watanabe, K Taniguchi, M Kashiwagi, M Tobari, H Umeda, N Akino, N Kazawa, M Oasa, K Komata, M Usui, K Mogaki, K Sasaki, S Kikuchi, K Nemoto, S Ohshima, K Endo, Y Simizu, T Kubo, N Kawai, M Grisham, LR AF Hanada, M. Kojima, A. Inoue, T. Watanabe, K. Taniguchi, M. Kashiwagi, M. Tobari, H. Umeda, N. Akino, N. Kazawa, M. Oasa, K. Komata, M. Usui, K. Mogaki, K. Sasaki, S. Kikuchi, K. Nemoto, S. Ohshima, K. Endo, Y. Simizu, T. Kubo, N. Kawai, M. Grisham, L. R. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Development of the JT-60SA Neutral Beam Injectors SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE negative ion source; voltage holding capability; vacuum insulation AB This paper describes the development of the neutral beam (NB) systems on JT-60SA, where 30-34 MW D-0 beams are required to be injected for 100 s. A 30 s operation of the NB injectors suggests that existing beamline components and positive ion sources on JT-60U can be reused without the modifications on JT-60 SA. The JT-60 negative ion source was modified to improve the voltage holding capability, which leads to a successful acceleration of 2.8 A H- ion beam up to 500 keV of the rated acceleration energy for JT-60SA. C1 [Hanada, M.; Kojima, A.; Inoue, T.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, M.; Kashiwagi, M.; Tobari, H.; Umeda, N.; Akino, N.; Kazawa, M.; Oasa, K.; Komata, M.; Usui, K.; Mogaki, K.; Sasaki, S.; Kikuchi, K.; Nemoto, S.; Ohshima, K.; Endo, Y.; Simizu, T.; Kubo, N.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. [Kawai, M.] Nippon Adv Technol Co Ltd, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191112, Japan. [Grisham, L. R.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hanada, M (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637425 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100056 ER PT S AU Kashiwagi, M Inoue, T Taniguchi, M Umeda, N Grisham, LR Dairaku, M Takemoto, J Tobari, H Tsuchida, K Watanabe, K Yamanaka, H Sakamoto, K AF Kashiwagi, Mieko Inoue, Takashi Taniguchi, Masaki Umeda, Naotaka Grisham, Larry R. Dairaku, Masayuki Takemoto, Jumpei Tobari, Hiroyuki Tsuchida, Kazuki Watanabe, Kazuhiro Yamanaka, Haruhiko Sakamoto, Keishi BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Study of beamlet deflection and its compensations in a MeV accelerator SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE negative ion; accelerator; ion beam; ITER ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; ITER; SYSTEMS AB In a five stage multi-aperture and multi-grid (MAMuG) accelerator in JAEA, beam acceleration tests are in progress toward 1 MeV, 200 A/m(2) H- ion beams for ITER. The 1 MV voltage holding has been successfully demonstrated for 4,000 s with the accelerator of expanded gap length that lowered local electric field concentrations. This led to increase of the beam energy up to 900 keV-level. However, it was found that beamlets were deflected more in long gaps and direct interceptions of the deflected beamlet caused breakdowns. The beamlet deflection and its compensation methods were studied utilizing a three-dimensional multi beamlet analysis. The analysis showed that the 1 MeV beam can be compensated by a combination of the aperture offset of 0.8 mm applied in the electron suppression (ESG) and the metal bar called a field shaping plate with a thickness of 1 mm attached beneath the ESG. The paper reports these compensation methods and analytical predictions, with experimental results of the MAMuG accelerator in which those compensation techniques have been applied. C1 [Kashiwagi, Mieko; Inoue, Takashi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Umeda, Naotaka; Dairaku, Masayuki; Takemoto, Jumpei; Tobari, Hiroyuki; Tsuchida, Kazuki; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Yamanaka, Haruhiko; Sakamoto, Keishi] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. [Grisham, Larry R.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kashiwagi, M (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637417 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100048 ER PT S AU Kojima, A Hanada, M Tanaka, Y Taniguchi, M Kashiwagi, M Inoue, T Umeda, N Watanabe, K Tobari, H Kobayashi, S Yamano, Y Grisham, LR AF Kojima, A. Hanada, M. Tanaka, Y. Taniguchi, M. Kashiwagi, M. Inoue, T. Umeda, N. Watanabe, K. Tobari, H. Kobayashi, S. Yamano, Y. Grisham, L. R. CA JT-60 NBI Grp BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Acceleration of 500 keV Negative Ion Beams By Tuning Vacuum Insulation Distance On JT-60 Negative Ion Source SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE negative ion source; voltage holding capability; vacuum insulation ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT AB Acceleration of a 500 keV beam up to 2.8 A has been achieved on a JT-60U negative ion source with a three-stage accelerator by overcoming low voltage holding which is one of the critical issues for realization of the JT-60SA ion source. In order to improve the voltage holding, preliminary voltage holding tests with small-size grids with uniform and locally intense electric fields were carried out, and suggested that the voltage holding was degraded by both the size and local electric field effects. Therefore, the local electric field was reduced by tuning gap lengths between the large size grids and grid support structures of the accelerator. Moreover, a beam radiation shield which limited extension of the minimum gap length was also optimized so as to reduce the local electric field while maintaining the shielding effect. These modifications were based on the experiment results, and significantly increased the voltage holding from <150 kV/stage for the original configuration to 200 kV/stage. These techniques for improvement of voltage holding should also be applicable to other large ion sources accelerators such as those for ITER. C1 [Kojima, A.; Hanada, M.; Tanaka, Y.; Taniguchi, M.; Kashiwagi, M.; Inoue, T.; Umeda, N.; Watanabe, K.; Tobari, H.; JT-60 NBI Grp] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. [Kobayashi, S.; Yamano, Y.] Saitama Univ, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Grisham, L. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kojima, A (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637418 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100049 ER PT S AU Liu, Y AF Liu, Y. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Improving Negative Ion Beam Quality and Purity with a RF Quadrupole Cooler SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE RF quadrupole ion guide; ion cooling; photodetachment; negative ion beam ID PHOTODETACHMENT; SUPPRESSION AB Recent progress in the development of a gas-filled RF quadrupole ion cooler for cooling negative ions is reported. Experiments demonstrate that negative ion beams can be cooled to 2 eV FWHM energy spread with more than 50% transmission through the cooler. The RFQ cooler can potentially improve the purity of radioactive ion beams by magnetic mass separation. New developments on purifying negative ion beams by photodetachment in the RFQ cooler are presented. With a laser of proper photon energy, nearly 100% suppression of the unwanted negative ions in the RFQ cooler has been observed, while the desired ions remain mostly intact. A recent experimental study demonstrates that pure ground state negative ion beams can be obtained by state-selective photodetachment in the RFQ cooler. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637422 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100053 ER PT S AU Stockli, MP Han, BX Murray, SN Pennisi, TR Santana, M Welton, RF AF Stockli, Martin P. Han, B. X. Murray, S. N. Pennisi, T. R. Santana, M. Welton, R. F. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Towards Understanding the Cesium Cycle of the Persistent H- Beams at SNS SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE Cesium; H- ions; ion source; RF ion source; multicusp ion source AB This paper describes the accomplishments of the SNS H- ion source, which delivers routinely similar to 50 mA at a 5.4% duty factor with similar to 99% availability, enabling 1 MW beams for neutron production with similar to 90% availability. It discusses the need for increasing reliability and beam current. But mostly it focuses on its unexpected feature: H- beams that are apparently persistent for up to 5 weeks without adding Cs after an initial dose of less than similar to 5 mg. Thermal emission and sputtering are qualitatively evaluated, and appear consistent with a negligible Cs sputter rate after the initial dose disappears from the Cs plasma. It concludes with a list of future experiments that can shed more light on this apparently unique Cs cycle. C1 [Stockli, Martin P.; Han, B. X.; Murray, S. N.; Pennisi, T. R.; Santana, M.; Welton, R. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stockli, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637382 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100013 ER PT S AU Tarvainen, O Kalvas, T Komppula, J Koivisto, H Geros, E Stelzer, J Rouleau, G Johnson, KF Carmichael, J AF Tarvainen, O. Kalvas, T. Komppula, J. Koivisto, H. Geros, E. Stelzer, J. Rouleau, G. Johnson, K. F. Carmichael, J. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Effect of Ion Escape Velocity and Conversion Surface Material on H- Production SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE Negative ion source; cesium equilibrium; work function; negative electron affinity ID NEGATIVE ELECTRON-AFFINITY; BARIUM SURFACE; HYDROGEN; CESIUM; DIAMOND; BEAM AB According to generally accepted models surface production of negative ions depends on ion escape velocity and work function of the surface. We have conducted an experimental study addressing the role of the ion escape velocity on H- production. A converter-type ion source at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center was employed for the experiment. The ion escape velocity was affected by varying the bias voltage of the converter electrode. It was observed that due to enhanced stripping of H- no direct gain of extracted beam current can be achieved by increasing the converter voltage. The conversion efficiency of H- was observed to vary with converter voltage and follow the existing theories in qualitative manner. We present calculations predicting relative H- yields from different cesiated surfaces with comparison to experimental observations from different types of H- ion sources. Utilizing materials exhibiting negative electron affinity and exposed to UV-light is considered for Cesium-free H-/D- production. C1 [Tarvainen, O.; Kalvas, T.; Komppula, J.; Koivisto, H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, POB 35 YFL, Jyvaskyla 40500, Finland. [Tarvainen, O.; Geros, E.; Stelzer, J.; Rouleau, G.; Johnson, K. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Carmichael, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tarvainen, O (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, POB 35 YFL, Jyvaskyla 40500, Finland. OI Komppula, Jani/0000-0001-5330-556X FU Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme (Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics Programme at JYFL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Emil Aaltonen foundation FX This work has been supported by the Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme 2006-2011 (Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics Programme at JYFL) and by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. OT acknowledges financial support from Emil Aaltonen foundation. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637381 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100012 ER PT S AU Welton, RF Desai, NJ Han, BX Kenik, EA Murray, SN Pennisi, TR Potter, KG Santana, M Stockli, MP AF Welton, R. F. Desai, N. J. Han, B. X. Kenik, E. A. Murray, S. N. Pennisi, T. R. Potter, K. G. Santana, M. Stockli, M. P. BE Takeiri, Y Tsumori, K TI Ion Source Development at the SNS SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources (NIBS) CY NOV 16-19, 2010 CL Takayama, JAPAN SP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), HITACHI, Ltd, TOSHIBA Corp DE negative ion sources; particle accelerators; ion formation ID SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) now routinely operates near 1 MW of beam power on target with a highly-persistent similar to 38 mA peak current in the linac and an availability of similar to 90%. The similar to 1 ms-long, 60 Hz, similar to 50 mA H- beam pulses are extracted from a Cs-enhanced, multi-cusp, RF-driven, internal-antenna ion source. An electrostatic LEBT (Low Energy Beam Transport) focuses the 65 kV beam into the RFQ accelerator. The ion source and LEBT have normally a combined availability of similar to 99%. Although much progress has been made over the last years to achieve this level of availability further improvements are desirable. Failures of the internal antenna and occasionally impaired electron dump insulators require several source replacements per year. An attempt to overcome the antenna issues with an AlN external antenna source early in 2009 had to be terminated due to availability issues. This report provides a comprehensive review of the design, experimental history, status, and description of recently updated components and future plans for this ion source. The mechanical design for improved electron dump vacuum feedthroughs is also presented, which is compatible with the baseline and both external antenna ion sources. C1 [Welton, R. F.; Han, B. X.; Kenik, E. A.; Murray, S. N.; Pennisi, T. R.; Potter, K. G.; Santana, M.; Stockli, M. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Desai, N. J.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. RP Welton, RF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The proofreading by P. Kite was invaluable. Work was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0955-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1390 DI 10.1063/1.3637392 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT91 UT WOS:000302950100023 ER PT S AU Daniel, A Arrington, J Gaskell, D AF Daniel, A. Arrington, J. Gaskell, D. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Measurements of the EMC effect in few-body nuclei at large x SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates (JSA) HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE EMC effect; structure functions; light nuclei ID COULOMB DISTORTION; SCATTERING AB Recent data on the EMC effect from Jefferson Lab experiment E03103 suggest that the nuclear dependence of the high x quark distribution may depend on the local nuclear environment, rather than being a purely bulk effect. We briefly discuss the analysis and results of the E03103 experiment focusing on the light nuclei and high x region. In addition, we also discuss a future experiment at the upgraded 12 GeV Jefferson Lab facility which will further investigate the role of the local nuclear environment and the influence of detailed nuclear structure on the modification of quark distributions. C1 [Daniel, A.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Arrington, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. [Gaskell, D.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. RP Daniel, A (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012 OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0653454]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC0584ER40150] FX This work is supported in part by research grant PHY-0653454 from the National Science Foundation and in part by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Southeastern Universities Research Association operates the ThomasJefferson National Accelerator Facility under the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC0584ER40150. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631524 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000013 ER PT S AU Holt, RJ AF Holt, Roy J. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Overview of Unpolarized Structure Function Measurements at High x SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE DIS; structure functions; parton distribution functions ID DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON AB A motivation and overview for recent measurements of unpolarized structure functions for the nucleon will be presented. Particular attention will be given to new experiments aimed at providing new high-x data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Holt, RJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631512 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000001 ER PT S AU Holt, RJ Petratos, GG AF Holt, Roy J. Petratos, Gerassimos G. CA JLabMARATHON Collaboration BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering Off the Helium and Tritium Mirror Nuclei SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates (JSA) HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE Deep Inelastic Scattering; Nucleon Structure Functions; EMC Effect ID CROSS-SECTIONS; QUARK-MODEL; E-P; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NEUTRON; PROTON; SU(6); DEPENDENCE; EXTRACTION AB We discuss a possible measurement of the ratio of nucleon structure functions, F-2(n)/F-2(p), and the ratio of up to down quark distributions, u/d, at large Bjorken x, by performing deep inelastic electron scattering from the H-3 and He-3 mirror nuclei with the 11 GeV upgraded beam of Jefferson Lab. The measurement is expected to be almost free of nuclear effects, which introduce a significant uncertainty in the extraction of these two ratios from deep inelastic scattering off the proton and deuteron. The results are expected to test perturbative and non-perturbative mechanisms of spin-flavor symmetry breaking in the nucleon, and constrain the structure function parametrizations needed for the interpretation of high energy collider and neutrino oscillations data. The precision of the expected data can also test models of the nuclear EMC effect and provide valuable input for its full explanation. C1 [Holt, Roy J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Petratos, Gerassimos G.] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Holt, RJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-0701679]; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors would like to thank the HiX-2010 Conference organizers for their kind invitation and to acknowledge the partial support of the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant PHY-0701679) and Department of Energy (Office of Nuclear Physics contractDE-AC02-06CH11357) for this work NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631525 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000014 ER PT S AU Kovarik, K Schienbein, I Olness, FI Yu, JY Keppel, C Morfin, JG Owens, JF Stavreva, T AF Kovarik, K. Schienbein, I. Olness, F. I. Yu, J. Y. Keppel, C. Morfin, J. G. Owens, J. F. Stavreva, T. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Nuclear corrections in nu A DIS and their compatibility with global NPDF analyses SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates (JSA) HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE Parton Distribution Functions; Nuclear Corrections ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; MUON SCATTERING; IRON TARGETS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPENDENCE; DEUTERIUM AB We perform a global chi(2)-analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions using data from charged current neutrino-nucleus (nu A) deep inelastic scattering (DIS), charged-lepton-nucleus (l(+/-)A) DIS, and the Drell-Yan (DY) process. We show that the nuclear corrections in nu A DIS are not compatible with the predictions derived from l(+/-)A DIS and DY data. We quantify this result using a hypothesis-testing criterion based on the chi(2) distribution which we apply to the total chi(2) as well as to the chi(2) of the individual data sets. We find that it is not possible to accommodate the data from nu A and l (+/-)A DIS by an acceptable combined fit. Our result has strong implications for the extraction of both nuclear and proton PDFs using combined neutrino and charged lepton data sets. C1 [Kovarik, K.; Schienbein, I.; Stavreva, T.] Univ Grenoble 1, LPSC, CNRS IN2P3 INPG, UMR5821, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Kovarik, K.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Olness, F. I.; Yu, J. Y.] Southern Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Keppel, C.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Fac, Newport News, VA 23602 USA. [Keppel, C.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Morfin, J. G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Owens, J. F.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Kovarik, K (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, LPSC, CNRS IN2P3 INPG, UMR5821, F-38026 Grenoble, France. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631522 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000011 ER PT S AU Melnitchouk, W AF Melnitchouk, W. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Quark-hadron duality in structure functions SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) ID SEMIINCLUSIVE PION-PRODUCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRUNCATED MOMENTS; SCATTERING; EVOLUTION; PROTON AB We review recent progress in the study of quark-hadron duality in electron-nucleon structure functions. New developments include insights into the local aspects of duality obtained using truncated moments of structure functions, which allow duality-violating higher-twist contributions to be identified in individual resonance regions. Preliminary studies of pion electroproduction have also showed the first glimpses of duality in semi-inclusive cross sections, which if confirmed would greatly expand the scope of constraining the flavor and spin dependence of parton distributions. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Melnitchouk, W (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631534 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000023 ER PT S AU Morfin, JG AF Morfin, Jorge G. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Using Neutrinos as a Probe of the High-x(Bj) Region SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE neutrino; scattering; nucleus ID PROTON DRIVER; LARGE-X; FERMILAB AB Neutrino scattering experiments have been studying the DIS region, including high-x(Bj), for over 40 years. From the Gargamelle experiments in the early 70' s, through the subsequent bubble chamber and electronic detector experiments neutrino scattering experiments have steadily accumulated increasing statistics and minimized their systematic errors. Recent completed studies of high-x(Bj) with neutrinos are from the the NuTeV experiment off Fe in the TeVatron neutrino beam and both the CHORUS experiment off Pb and the NOMAD experiment off C/Al in the CERN neutrino beam. The significant factor here is that all recent high-statistics neutrino experiments have been off high-A nucleus targets. The unknown nuclear effects mask the high-x(Bj) behavior of the bare neutrino-nucleon interaction. In order to address this problem, current on-going studies have shifted to the Main Injector based NuMI facility at Fermilab and the MINER nu A experiment. This experiment is a collaboration of elementary-particle and nuclear physicists planning to measure absolute exclusive and inclusive cross-sections and nuclear effects in nu -A interactions as well as a systematic study of the resonance-DIS transition region and DIS with an emphasis on the extraction of high-x(Bj) parton distribution functions. The MINER nu A experiment also plans to propose the use of a liquid hydrogen target to go after a measurement of d/u quarks at high-x(Bj). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Morfin, JG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631519 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000008 ER PT S AU Owens, JF Accardi, A Christy, E Keppel, CE Melnitchouk, W Morfin, JG AF Owens, J. F. Accardi, A. Christy, E. Keppel, C. E. Melnitchouk, W. Morfin, J. G. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Global Fits for PDFs SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates (JSA) HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE Global fits; parton distribution functions AB Constraining the d PDF at large values of x has traditionally relied, in part, on the use of deeply inelastic lepton deuterium scattering data. In order to utilize such data, one must include nuclear corrections which account for Fermi motion, binding, and off-shell effects. The impact of these corrections in the context of a global fit are examined. The uncertainties due to these nuclear effects are large. C1 [Owens, J. F.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Accardi, A.; Christy, E.; Keppel, C. E.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Accardi, A.; Keppel, C. E.; Melnitchouk, W.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Morfin, J. G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Owens, JF (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631513 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000002 ER PT S AU Reimer, PE Holt, RJ Wijesooriya, K AF Reimer, P. E. Holt, R. J. Wijesooriya, K. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI The Partonic Structure of the Pion at Large-x SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates (JSA) HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE Pion Structure; Drell-Yan ID DRELL-YAN PROCESS; NEUTRON-PRODUCTION; HADRON STRUCTURE; VALENCE REGION; NJL MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON; QUARK; GEV/C; QCD AB Unlike the proton, whose parton distributions have been extracted using abundant data, the pion has been relatively ignored. The pion, nevertheless, is a crucial part of the current understanding of the nucleon's parton distributions and of the binding of the nucleon into a nucleus. The pion's structure becomes more intriguing when its dual roles as a light quark-antiquark system and as QCD's Goldstone boson are considered. One source of data on the pion's structure is pion-induced Drell-Yan scattering. Two recent re-analyses of such data are discussed here. C1 [Reimer, P. E.; Holt, R. J.; Wijesooriya, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reimer, PE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013 NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631531 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000020 ER PT S AU Renner, DB AF Renner, Dru B. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI Status of Average-x from Lattice QCD SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE moments of parton distribution functions; hadron structure; lattice QCD AB As algorithms and computing power have advanced, lattice QCD has become a precision technique for many QCD observables. However, the calculation of nucleon matrix elements remains an open challenge. I summarize the status of the lattice effort by examining one observable that has come to represent this challenge, average-x: the fraction of the nucleon's momentum carried by its quark constituents. Recent results confirm a long standing tendency to overshoot the experimentally measured value. Understanding this puzzle is essential to not only the lattice calculation of nucleon properties but also the broader effort to determine hadron structure from QCD. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Renner, DB (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631515 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000004 ER PT S AU Rubin, JG Arrington, J AF Rubin, J. G. Arrington, J. BE Malace, S Ent, R Melnitchouk, W Niculescu, I TI A new extraction of neutron structure functions from existing inclusive DIS data SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEON STRUCTURE AT LARGE BJORKEN X SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Nucleon Structure at Large Bjorken x CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab), Newport News, VA SP Jefferson Sci Associates HO Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil (Jefferson Lab) DE Inclusive DIS; Neutron Structure Functions ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE AB A recent reanalysis of world proton and deuteron structure function measurements showed that a significant amount of the apparent model dependence in the extraction of the neutron structure function was related to inconsistencies between the kinematics of the data and those assumed for the calculation, suggesting that the true model dependence is smaller than commonly believed. We present a detailed comparison of the neutron structure function as extracted using different models, with care taken to ensure that all other aspects of the comparison are done consistently. The neutron structure function is extracted using a fit to these data evaluated at fixed Q(0)(2)=16 GeV2. We compare the results obtained using a variety of N-N potentials and deuteron binding models to determine the model dependence of the extraction. As in the recent extraction, F-2n/F-2p falls with x with no sign of plateau and follows the low edge of the wide range of earlier F-2n extractions. The model-dependent uncertainty in F-2n/F-2p is shown to be considerably smaller than previously believed, particularly at large-x. C1 [Rubin, J. G.; Arrington, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rubin, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012 OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0929-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1369 DI 10.1063/1.3631528 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT61 UT WOS:000302919000017 ER PT S AU Chowdhury, P Hota, S Lakshmi, S Tandel, SK Harrington, T Jackson, E Moran, K Shirwadkar, U Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Greene, J Hoffman, CR Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ McCutchan, EA Seweryniak, D Stefanescu, I Zhu, S AF Chowdhury, P. Hota, S. Lakshmi, S. Tandel, S. K. Harrington, T. Jackson, E. Moran, K. Shirwadkar, U. Ahmad, I. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Greene, J. Hoffman, C. R. Janssens, R. V. F. Khoo, T. L. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Lister, C. J. McCutchan, E. A. Seweryniak, D. Stefanescu, I. Zhu, S. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Spectroscopy of Neutron-rich Pu Nuclei SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab DE K-isomers; heavy nuclei; Gammasphere; neutron-rich; deep inelastic; transfer ID ISOMERS; NO-254 AB Spectroscopic studies of nuclei in the A similar to 250, Z similar to 100 region provide critical input to theoretical models that attempt to describe the structure and stability of the heaviest elements. We report here on new spectroscopic studies in the N=150,151 nuclei Pu-244,Pu-245 (Z=94). Excitations in these nuclei on the neutron-rich side of the valley of stability, accessed via inelastic and transfer reactions, complement fusion-evaporation studies of Z >= 100 nuclei. States in Pu-244,Pu-245 were populated using Ti-47 and Pb-208 beams incident on a Pu-244 target, with delayed and prompt gamma rays detected by the Gammasphere array. The new results are discussed in the context of emerging systematics of one- and two-quasiparticle excitations in N >= 150 nuclei. C1 [Chowdhury, P.; Hota, S.; Lakshmi, S.; Tandel, S. K.; Harrington, T.; Jackson, E.; Moran, K.; Shirwadkar, U.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Greene, J.; Hoffman, C. R.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Khoo, T. L.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C. J.; McCutchan, E. A.; Seweryniak, D.; Stefanescu, I.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Chowdhury, P (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/C-8107-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/0000-0003-3099-1039; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Tandel, Sujit/0000-0003-4784-3139 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-94ER40848, DE-AC-02-06CH11357] FX This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under grants DE-FG02-94ER40848 and DE-AC-02-06CH11357. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 13 EP 17 DI 10.1063/1.3628349 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800001 ER PT S AU Petri, M Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Paschalis, S Starosta, K Baugher, T Bazin, D Cartegni, L Clark, RM Crawford, HL Cromaz, M Dewald, A Gade, A Grinyer, GF Gros, S Hackstein, M Jeppesen, HB Lee, IY McDaniel, S Miller, D Rajabali, MM Ratkiewicz, A Rother, W Voss, P Walsh, KA Weisshaar, D Wiedeking, M AF Petri, M. Fallon, P. Macchiavelli, A. O. Paschalis, S. Starosta, K. Baugher, T. Bazin, D. Cartegni, L. Clark, R. M. Crawford, H. L. Cromaz, M. Dewald, A. Gade, A. Grinyer, G. F. Gros, S. Hackstein, M. Jeppesen, H. B. Lee, I. Y. McDaniel, S. Miller, D. Rajabali, M. M. Ratkiewicz, A. Rother, W. Voss, P. Walsh, K. A. Weisshaar, D. Wiedeking, M. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Lifetime Measurement of the 2(1)(+) state in C-20 SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab DE nuclear strucure; gamma-ray spectroscopy; deduce excited state lifetime ID INTERACTION CROSS-SECTIONS; NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; RADII; HALO AB The mean lifetime of the 2(1)(+) state in the near drip-line nuclide C-20 was measured for the first time using the Recoil Distance Method with intermediate energy radioactive beams via a knockout reaction. The measured value of tau(21+) = 9.8 +/- 2.8(stat)(-1.1)(+0.5)(syst) ps gives a reduced transition probability of B(E2;2(1)(+) -> 0(g.s.)(+)) = 7.5(-1.7)(+3.0)(stat) e(2)fm(4). This value is in good agreement with shell model calculations using a p - sd shell model space and isospin-dependent (N - Z) effective charges. C1 [Petri, M.; Fallon, P.; Macchiavelli, A. O.; Paschalis, S.; Cromaz, M.; Gros, S.; Jeppesen, H. B.; Lee, I. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Starosta, K.; Baugher, T.; Bazin, D.; Crawford, H. L.; Gade, A.; Grinyer, G. F.; McDaniel, S.; Miller, D.; Ratkiewicz, A.; Voss, P.; Walsh, K. A.; Weisshaar, D.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Baugher, T.; Gade, A.; McDaniel, S.; Miller, D.; Ratkiewicz, A.; Voss, P.; Walsh, K. A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Starosta, K.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Cartegni, L.; Rajabali, M. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Crawford, H. L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dewald, A.; Hackstein, M.; Rother, W.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphysik, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Wiedeking, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Petri, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016; Paschalis, Stefanos/H-8758-2016 OI Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106; Paschalis, Stefanos/0000-0002-9113-3778 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0606007] FX This work is supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231, and by the National Science Foundation under grant PHY-0606007. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 96 EP 103 DI 10.1063/1.3628363 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800015 ER PT S AU Parikh, A Faestermann, T Krucken, R Bildstein, V Bishop, S Eppinger, K Herlitzius, C Lepyoshkina, O Maierbeck, P Seiler, D Wimmer, K Hertenberger, R Wirth, HF Fallis, J Hager, U Hutcheon, D Ruiz, C Buchmann, L Ottewell, D Freeman, B Wrede, C Garcia, A Delbridge, B Knecht, A Sallaska, A Chen, AA Clark, JA Deibel, CM Fulton, B Laird, A Greife, U Guo, B Li, E Li, Z Lian, G Wang, Y Liu, W Parker, PD Setoodehnia, K AF Parikh, A. Faestermann, Th. Kruecken, R. Bildstein, V. Bishop, S. Eppinger, K. Herlitzius, C. Lepyoshkina, O. Maierbeck, P. Seiler, D. Wimmer, K. Hertenberger, R. Wirth, H-F. Fallis, J. Hager, U. Hutcheon, D. Ruiz, Ch. Buchmann, L. Ottewell, D. Freeman, B. Wrede, Ch. Garcia, A. Delbridge, B. Knecht, A. Sallaska, A. Chen, A. A. Clark, J. A. Deibel, C. M. Fulton, B. Laird, A. Greife, U. Guo, B. Li, E. Li, Z. Lian, G. Wang, Y. Liu, W. Parker, P. D. Setoodehnia, K. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Improving the S-33(p, gamma)(34)34Cl Reaction Rate for Models of Classical Nova Explosions SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab DE Nuclear astrophysics; classical nova explosions; experimental nuclear physics ID EXCITED-STATES; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; NUCLEI; GRAINS; CL-34 AB Reduced uncertainty in the thermonuclear rate of the S-33(p, gamma) Cl-34 reaction would help to improve our understanding of nucleosynthesis in classical nova explosions. At present, models are generally in concordance with observations that nuclei up to roughly the calcium region may be produced in these explosive phenomena; better knowledge of this rate would help with the quantitative interpretation of nova observations over the S-Ca mass region, and contribute towards the firm establishment of a nucleosynthetic endpoint. As well, models find that the ejecta of nova explosions on massive oxygen-neon white dwarfs may contain as much as 150 times the solar abundance of S-33. This characteristic isotopic signature of a nova explosion could possibly be observed through the analysis of microscopic grains formed in the environment surrounding a nova and later embedded within primitive meteorites. An improved S-33(p, gamma)Cl-34 rate (the principal destruction mechanism for S-33 in novae) would help to ensure a robust model prediction for the amount of S-33 that may be produced. Finally, constraining this rate could confirm or rule out the decay of an isomeric state of Cl-34 (E-x = 146 keV, t(1/2) = 32 m) as a source for observable gamma-rays from novae. We have performed several complementary experiments dedicated to improving our knowledge of the S-33(p, gamma)Cl-34 rate, using both indirect methods (measurement of the S-34(He-3, t)Cl-34 and S-33(He-3, d)Cl-34 reactions with the Munich Q3D spectrograph) and direct methods (in normal kinematics at CENPA, University of Washington, and in inverse kinematics with the DRAGON recoil mass separator at TRIUMF). Our results will be used with nova models to facilitate comparisons of model predictions with present and future nova observables. C1 [Parikh, A.; Faestermann, Th.; Kruecken, R.; Bildstein, V.; Bishop, S.; Eppinger, K.; Herlitzius, C.; Lepyoshkina, O.; Maierbeck, P.; Seiler, D.; Wimmer, K.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hertenberger, R.; Wirth, H-F.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Fallis, J.; Hager, U.; Hutcheon, D.; Ruiz, Ch.; Buchmann, L.; Ottewell, D.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Freeman, B.; Wrede, Ch.; Garcia, A.; Delbridge, B.; Knecht, A.; Sallaska, A.] Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chen, A. A.] Tech Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Chen, A. A.; Setoodehnia, K.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Clark, J. A.; Deibel, C. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Deibel, C. M.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fulton, B.; Laird, A.; Greife, U.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Greife, U.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Guo, B.; Li, E.; Li, Z.; Lian, G.; Wang, Y.; Liu, W.] Inst Atom Energy, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China. [Parker, P. D.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Parikh, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RI Hager, Ulrike/O-1738-2016 FU DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Research Council of Canada (NRC); US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER41020]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [10720101076, 11021504] FX This work was supported by the DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-FG02-97ER41020 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant Nos. 10720101076 and 11021504. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 188 EP 194 DI 10.1063/1.3628377 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800029 ER PT S AU Fotiades, N Cizewski, JA Nelson, RO Devlin, M Krucken, R Clark, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Becker, JA Younes, W AF Fotiades, N. Cizewski, J. A. Nelson, R. O. Devlin, M. Kruecken, R. Clark, R. M. Fallon, P. Lee, I. Y. Macchiavelli, A. O. Becker, J. A. Younes, W. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Study of near-stability nuclei populated as fission fragments in heavy-ion fusion reactions SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab ID NEUTRON-RICH; DATA SHEETS; ISOTOPES AB Examples are presented to illustrate the power of prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy of fission fragments from compound nuclei with A similar to 200 formed in fusion-evaporation reactions in experiments using the Gammasphere Ge-detector array. Complementary methods, such as Coulomb excitation and deep-inelastic processes, are also discussed. In other cases (n, xn gamma) reactions on stable isotopes have been used to establish neutron excitation functions for gamma-rays using a pulsed "white"-neutron source, coupled to a high-energy-resolution germanium-detector array. The excitation functions can unambiguously assign gamma-rays to a specific reaction product. Results from all these methods bridge the gaps in the systematics of high-spin states between the neutron-deficient and neutron-rich nuclei. Results near shell closures should motivate new shell model calculations. C1 [Fotiades, N.; Nelson, R. O.; Devlin, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cizewski, J. A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Kruecken, R.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Clark, R. M.; Fallon, P.; Lee, I. Y.; Macchiavelli, A. O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Becker, J. A.; Younes, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fotiades, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013; OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; Fotiadis, Nikolaos/0000-0003-1410-3871 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 216 EP 220 DI 10.1063/1.3628382 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800034 ER PT S AU Piot, J Dorvaux, O Gall, BJP Greenlees, PT Andersson, LL Cox, DM Dechery, F Grahn, T Hauschild, K Henning, G Herzan, A Herzberg, RD Hessberger, FP Jakobsson, U Jones, P Julin, R Juutinen, S Ketelhut, S Khoo, TL Leino, M Ljungvall, J Lopez-Martens, A Nieminen, P Papadakis, P Parr, E Peura, P Rahkila, P Rinta-Antila, S Rubert, J Ruotsalainen, P Sandzelius, M Saren, J Scholey, C Seweryniak, D Sorri, J Sulignano, B Theisen, C Uusitalo, J AF Piot, J. Dorvaux, O. Gall, B. J-P. Greenlees, P. T. Andersson, L. L. Cox, D. M. Dechery, F. Grahn, T. Hauschild, K. Henning, G. Herzan, A. Herzberg, R-D. Hessberger, F. P. Jakobsson, U. Jones, P. Julin, R. Juutinen, S. Ketelhut, S. Khoo, T-L. Leino, M. Ljungvall, J. Lopez-Martens, A. Nieminen, P. Papadakis, P. Parr, E. Peura, P. Rahkila, P. Rinta-Antila, S. Rubert, J. Ruotsalainen, P. Sandzelius, M. Saren, J. Scholey, C. Seweryniak, D. Sorri, J. Sulignano, B. Theisen, C. Uusitalo, J. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Investigation of Fm-246: in-beam spectroscopy at the limits SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab DE Fermium; Gamma-ray spectroscopy; rotationnal band; JUROGAM 2; Recoil Decay Tagging; TNT2D; Fusion-evaporation ID RECOIL SEPARATOR; NUCLEI AB The structure of Fm-246 has been investigated using in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy. The experiment was performed at the University of Jyv skyl using JUROGAM 2 coupled to RITU and GREAT. The Fm-246 nuclei were produced using a 186 MeV beam of Ar-40 impinging on a target of Pb-208. JUROGAM 2 was fully instrumented with TNT2D digital acquisition cards. The use of digital acquisition cards and a rotating target allowed for unprecedented beam intensities up to 71 particle-nanoamperes for prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy. With all these major advances for spectroscopy a rotational band is observed for the first time in Fm-246 and discussed here. C1 [Piot, J.; Dorvaux, O.; Gall, B. J-P.; Rubert, J.] Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, 23 Rue Loess, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Greenlees, P. T.; Grahn, T.; Hauschild, K.; Herzan, A.; Jakobsson, U.; Jones, P.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Ketelhut, S.; Leino, M.; Lopez-Martens, A.; Nieminen, P.; Peura, P.; Rahkila, P.; Rinta-Antila, S.; Ruotsalainen, P.; Sandzelius, M.; Saren, J.; Scholey, C.; Sorri, J.; Uusitalo, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Andersson, L. L.; Cox, D. M.; Herzberg, R-D.; Papadakis, P.; Parr, E.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L697ZE, Merseyside, England. [Dechery, F.; Sulignano, B.; Theisen, C.] CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Hauschild, K.; Henning, G.; Ljungvall, J.; Lopez-Martens, A.] Natl Center Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Ma, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Henning, G.; Khoo, T-L.; Seweryniak, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hessberger, F. P.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Piot, J (reprint author), Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, 23 Rue Loess, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Herzberg, Rolf-Dietmar/E-1558-2011; Scholey, Catherine/G-2720-2014; THEISEN, Christophe/A-9343-2015 OI Scholey, Catherine/0000-0002-8743-6071; THEISEN, Christophe/0000-0002-8509-1022 FU Academy of Finland under Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme [213503]; European Research Council via SHESTRUCT [203481] FX The authors thank G. Duchene, M. Rousseau, P. Dessagne and the GABRIELA collaboration for the loan of the TNT2D cards. The authors would like to thank the staff of the K130 accelerator and the ECR team at the Departement of Physics of the University of Jyvaskyla. The authors would also like to thank P. Medina, L. Arnold, R. Baumann, M. Chambit, L. Charles, M. Richer and C. Santos for all the developments for the TNT2D cards that enabled us to achieve this experiment. The authors acknowledge the support of the European Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Pool for the loan of the Germanium detectors and BGO shields. Support by the Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme 2006-2011 (Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics Programme at JYFL), Contract 213503 and from the European Research Council via the SHESTRUCT project (Grant Agreement 203481) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 301 EP 305 DI 10.1063/1.3628397 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800049 ER PT S AU Pakarinen, J Rahkila, P Jenkins, DG Gray-Jones, C Greenlees, PT Jakobsson, U Jones, P Julin, R Juutinen, S Ketelhut, S Koivisto, H Leino, M Nieminen, P Nyman, M Papadakis, P Paschalis, S Petri, M Peura, P Roberts, O Ropponen, T Ruotsalainen, P Saren, J Scholey, C Sorri, J Tuff, AG Uusitalo, J Wadsworth, R Bender, M Heenen, PH AF Pakarinen, J. Rahkila, P. Jenkins, D. G. Gray-Jones, C. Greenlees, P. T. Jakobsson, U. Jones, P. Julin, R. Juutinen, S. Ketelhut, S. Koivisto, H. Leino, M. Nieminen, P. Nyman, M. Papadakis, P. Paschalis, S. Petri, M. Peura, P. Roberts, O. Ropponen, T. Ruotsalainen, P. Saren, J. Scholey, C. Sorri, J. Tuff, A. G. Uusitalo, J. Wadsworth, R. Bender, M. Heenen, P-H. BE Demetriou, P Julin, R Harissopulos, SV TI Nuclear Structure at the Extremes; In-beam gamma-ray Spectroscopy of Pb-180 SO FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS (FINUSTAR 3) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (FINUSTAR) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP NCSR Demokritos, Tandem Accelerator Lab, Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab DE Nuclear Structure; Exotic Nuclei; gamma-ray Spectroscopy ID STATES; INTRUDER; DETECTORS; ISOTOPES; SHELL; PB; GE AB For the first time, the excited states in the extremely neutron-deficient nucleus Pb-180 have been observed in an in-beam gamma-ray measurement employing the recoil-decay tagging technique. Deduced level energies follow the trend of prolate intruder band level energies derived from heavier lead isotopes and reflect the persistence of magicity of the closed Z = 82 proton shell when approaching the proton drip line. C1 [Pakarinen, J.] CERN, ISOLDE, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Pakarinen, J.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Rahkila, P.; Greenlees, P. T.; Jakobsson, U.; Jones, P.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Ketelhut, S.; Koivisto, H.; Leino, M.; Nieminen, P.; Nyman, M.; Peura, P.; Ropponen, T.; Ruotsalainen, P.; Saren, J.; Scholey, C.; Sorri, J.; Uusitalo, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FIN-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Jenkins, D. G.; Roberts, O.; Tuff, A. G.; Wadsworth, R.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Gray-Jones, C.; Papadakis, P.; Paschalis, S.; Petri, M.; Heenen, P-H.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L6972E, Merseyside, England. [Nyman, M.] Univ Helsinki, Lab Radiochem, Helsinki, Finland. [Ropponen, T.] Div Nucl Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ropponen, T.; Bender, M.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Heenen, P-H.] Univ Liber Bruxelles, Serv Phys Nucl Theor, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Pakarinen, J (reprint author), CERN, ISOLDE, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RI Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016; Roberts, Oliver/N-6284-2016; Scholey, Catherine/G-2720-2014; Paschalis, Stefanos/H-8758-2016 OI Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106; Roberts, Oliver/0000-0002-7150-9061; Pakarinen, Janne/0000-0001-8944-8757; Scholey, Catherine/0000-0002-8743-6071; Paschalis, Stefanos/0000-0002-9113-3778 FU Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship of European Community's 7th Framework Programme [PIEFGA-2008-219175]; EU; EURONS [RII3-CT-2004-506065]; European Research Council under European Community's 7th Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013, 203481]; Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme [213503]; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); IUP-Belgian State Science Policy; BriX network P6/23. PN [121110]; PTG [111965]; Academy of Finland FX This research project has been supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship of the European Communitys 7th Framework Programme under contract number (PIEFGA-2008-219175); by the EU 6th Framework Programme Integrating Infrastructure Initiative Transnational Access, Contract RII3-CT-2004-506065 (EURONS); by the European Research Council under the European Communitys 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant 203481; by the Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme 2006-2011 (Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics Programme at JYFL), Contract 213503; by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); and by the IUP-Belgian State Science Policy, BriX network P6/23. PN (Contract 121110) and PTG (Contract 111965) acknowledge the support of the Academy of Finland and JP acknowledges the Vaisa broken vertical bar a Foundation for travel support.We thank the GAMMAPOOL European Spectroscopy Resource for the loan of germanium detectors for JUROGAM II, and we thank the French CNRS/IN2P3 for the use of the TNT2-D digital electronics. Valuable discussions with Kris Heyde, John Wood, and Mikael Sandzelius are gratefully acknowledged. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1377 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1063/1.3628398 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZT51 UT WOS:000302905800050 ER PT J AU Rutberg, PG Safronov, AA Bratsev, AN Popov, VE Popov, SD Surov, AV Schegolev, VV Caplan, M AF Rutberg, Ph G. Safronov, A. A. Bratsev, A. N. Popov, V. E. Popov, S. D. Surov, A. V. Schegolev, V. V. Caplan, M. TI PLASMA FURNACE FOR TREATMENT OF SOLID TOXIC WASTES SO HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE plasma generator; plasma reactor; combustion; temperature; concentration AB Plasma furnace is intended for combustion and decontamination of solid toxic wastes with throughput up to 100 kg/h. It is a vertical cylindrical column (height is approximate to 3 m, internal diameter is approximate to 0.5 m) made of stainless steel. Its internal surface is made of fire brick. Three AC plasma generators with power of 30, 150, 150 kW are mounted on different height. Quencher for cooling of effluent gases is set at the top of the furnace. Temperature-sensitive elements are located in 4 points of the furnace. Data on preliminary tests of substances modeling solid waste combustion are represented. Flue gases samplings were taken for analysis during the experiment. C1 [Rutberg, Ph G.; Safronov, A. A.; Bratsev, A. N.; Popov, V. E.; Popov, S. D.; Surov, A. V.] IPE RAS, St Petersburg 191186, Russia. [Schegolev, V. V.] RNTs Appl Chem, St Petersburg, Russia. [Caplan, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rutberg, PG (reprint author), IPE RAS, Dvortsovaya Nab 18, St Petersburg 191186, Russia. EM rutberg@iperas.spb.su RI Popov, Victor/P-3294-2015; Surov, Alexander /P-4001-2015 OI Surov, Alexander /0000-0001-7151-3581 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1093-3611 J9 HIGH TEMP MATER P-US JI High Temp. Mater. Process PY 2011 VL 15 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 926RB UT WOS:000302847500007 ER PT S AU Hou, PY AF Hou, Peggy Y. BE Maruyama, T Yoshiba, M Kurokawa, K Kawahara, Y Otsuka, N TI The Reactive Element Effect - Past, Present and Future SO HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND CORROSION 2010 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion (ISHOC-10) CY NOV 08-11, 2010 CL Zushi, JAPAN SP Iron & Steel Inst Japan, Hyuga Memorial Grant Int Conf, Japan Soc Corros Engn, Nickel Inst, Suga Weather Technol Fdn, Tokyo Ohka Fdn Promot Sci & Technol, Off Naval Res Global, Kobelco Res Inst Inc, Osaka Fuji Corp, Toshin Kogyo Co Ltd, Tokyo Gas Co Ltd DE Al2O3; Cr2O3; adhesion; transport; selective oxidation; co-doping; reactive element; over-doping ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ALUMINA INTERFACES; SULFUR SEGREGATION; SCALE ADHESION; ALLOYS; GROWTH; ADDITIONS; BEHAVIOR; METAL AB The "reactive element effect", modified from its earlier representation of the "rare earth effect", is a well known term within the oxidation community. It describes several beneficial outcomes on the oxidation behavior of alumina and chromia forming alloys. Any element can be considered "reactive" if it is more oxygen active than the scale forming element, namely that of Al or Cr. However, the relative effectiveness of each element can be quite different. Numerous scientific studies have been carried out on this topic since its discovery more than 70 years ago to gain understanding of the manifestations of and reasons for these effects. This paper gives an overview that summarizes current understandings on this effect and points to issues that warrant further studies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hou, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Ms 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pyhou@lbl.gov NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 21 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 696 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.696.39 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BZR62 UT WOS:000302594300005 ER PT S AU Pint, BA AF Pint, Bruce A. BE Maruyama, T Yoshiba, M Kurokawa, K Kawahara, Y Otsuka, N TI The Future of Alumina-Forming Alloys: Challenges and Applications for Power Generation SO HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND CORROSION 2010 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion (ISHOC-10) CY NOV 08-11, 2010 CL Zushi, JAPAN SP Iron & Steel Inst Japan, Hyuga Memorial Grant Int Conf, Japan Soc Corros Engn, Nickel Inst, Suga Weather Technol Fdn, Tokyo Ohka Fdn Promot Sci & Technol, Off Naval Res Global, Kobelco Res Inst Inc, Osaka Fuji Corp, Toshin Kogyo Co Ltd, Tokyo Gas Co Ltd DE Alumina-forming alloys; reactive elements; water vapor; CO2 ID CYCLIC OXIDATION RESISTANCE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; WATER-VAPOR; THERMAL-EXPANSION; SUPERALLOYS; BARRIER; SEGREGATION; COATINGS; LIFETIME; BEHAVIOR AB Alumina-forming alloys have been studied for over 50 years and are now needed for high efficiency power generation applications operating at higher temperatures. Especially in the presence of water vapor, alumina-forming alloys outperform conventional chromia-forming alloys above 1000 degrees C. However, alloy mechanical behavior is a significant issue and alumina-forming alloy development has been limited. The opportunity for alloy development is discussed as well as the factors that limit oxidation resistance, including alloy thermal expansion and optimizing reactive element additions. Finally, lifetime modeling is discussed for thick section components together with the need to address performance in more complex environments. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pintba@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 696 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.696.57 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BZR62 UT WOS:000302594300008 ER PT S AU Galerie, A Petit, JP Wouters, Y Mougin, J Srisrual, A Hou, PY AF Galerie, A. Petit, J. -P. Wouters, Y. Mougin, J. Srisrual, A. Hou, P. Y. BE Maruyama, T Yoshiba, M Kurokawa, K Kawahara, Y Otsuka, N TI Water Vapour Effects on the Oxidation of Chromia-Forming Alloys SO HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND CORROSION 2010 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion (ISHOC-10) CY NOV 08-11, 2010 CL Zushi, JAPAN SP Iron & Steel Inst Japan, Hyuga Memorial Grant Int Conf, Japan Soc Corros Engn, Nickel Inst, Suga Weather Technol Fdn, Tokyo Ohka Fdn Promot Sci & Technol, Off Naval Res Global, Kobelco Res Inst Inc, Osaka Fuji Corp, Toshin Kogyo Co Ltd, Tokyo Gas Co Ltd DE chromia scales; water vapour; photoelectrochemical characterization; stress; adhesion ID FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; SCALES; OXYGEN; ATMOSPHERES; ADHESION AB The electronic properties of chromia scales grown between 800 degrees C and 900 degrees C on chromium metal and chromia-forming ferritic stainless steels were determined using room temperature PhotoElectroChemistry (PEC) experiments and the relative importance of the n- and p-character of the scales could be assessed. According to the thermodynamic previsions of defects structures, the external part of all the scales grown in oxygen exhibits band gap energy around 3.5 eV, with a marked p-type character on chromium and a possibly n-type behaviour on stainless steels. On the contrary, the internal part of the scales is always n-type, with predominant interstitial chromium defects. A major change appears when chromium or stainless steels are oxidised in water vapour-argon mixtures, where the absence of a p-type semiconductor in the scales could be evidenced. Hydrogen defects are thought to be responsible of this particular behaviour which leads to a strong reduction of residual stresses due to increased high temperature relaxation. Moreover, the inversion of the growth direction resulting from high mobility of the OH defects makes the chromia scales grown in water vapour more adherent than when grown in oxygen. C1 [Galerie, A.; Petit, J. -P.; Wouters, Y.; Mougin, J.; Srisrual, A.] Univ Grenoble, SIMaP, BP 75, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Hou, P. Y.] Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Galerie, A (reprint author), Univ Grenoble, SIMaP, BP 75, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. EM alain.galerie@grenoble-inp.fr; jean-pierre.petit@grenoble-inp.fr; yves.wouters@simap.grenoble-inp.fr; julie.mougin@cea.fr; anusara.srisrual@simap.grenoble-inp.fr; pyhou@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 696 BP 200 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.696.200 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BZR62 UT WOS:000302594300031 ER PT S AU Lewis, AA Weigand, GG AF Lewis, April A. Weigand, Gilbert G. BE Kurosu, M TI Virtual Office, Community, and Computing (VOCC): Designing an Energy Science Hub Collaboration System SO HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN (HCD) SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Human Centered Design (HCD)/14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) CY JUL 09-14, 2011 CL Orlando, FL DE User Centered Systems Design; Collaboration; Collaborative Virtual Environments; Collaborative Computing; Human Computer Interaction; Energy Science Hub AB (1)The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) implements a management strategy that imbues physical collocation; community; collaboration; central leadership; multidisciplinary teams executing a single milestones-driven plan; and integrated, co-dependent projects. The CASL-streamlined management structure includes collocation at CASL, use of technology to achieve multidiscipline collaboration, video conferencing for meetings, and a VOCC project that integrates both the latest and emerging technologies to build an extended "virtual one roof." CASL is headquartered at ORNL, where the CASL leadership and a majority of the multidisciplinary, multi-institutional scientists and engineers will be located. Work performed at partner sites will be seamlessly integrated across the consortium on a real-time basis via community and computing (VOCC) capability that integrates both the latest and emerging technologies to build an extended "virtual one-roof" allowing multidisciplinary collaboration among CASL staff at all sites. The paper describes the VOCC collaboration system. C1 [Lewis, April A.; Weigand, Gilbert G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lewis, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Lewisaa@ornl.gov; weigand@ornl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-21752-4 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6776 BP 425 EP 434 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BZS57 UT WOS:000302795300048 ER PT S AU Li, DF Guo, ZC Deng, B Dong, HN Gao, F AF Li, Dengfeng Guo, Zhicheng Deng, Bo Dong, Huining Gao, Fei BE Han, E Lu, GH Shu, XL TI Surface structure and electronic property of sulfur passivation of InAs(001) surface: A first-principles study SO MATERIALS MODELING, SIMULATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference in Asia of the International-Union-of-Materials-Research-Societies CY SEP 25-28, 2010 CL Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Union Mat Res Soc (IUMRS), Chinese Mat Res Soc, Mat Res Soc Taiwan, Mat Res Soc Japan, Govt Qingdao City DE Density functional theory; InAs; Electronic band structure ID V COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; (111)B SURFACES; INAS; XPS; ACCUMULATION; ADSORPTION; STATES; LEED; WAVE; AES AB Using density functional theory, we have studied surface structural and electronic properties of sulfur adsorption on As-terminated and In-terminated InAs(001) surfaces with the coverage (Theta) of 0.5ML and 1ML. Based on adsorption energy calculations, we found that at Theta=0.5ML, S adatoms preferred to replace the As atoms at As-terminated InAs(001)(2x1) surface. For 1ML S adsorption on InAs(001)(2x1) surface, the most stable adsorption geometry is S-S dimers covered on the In-terminated surface. This result is different from that for 1 ML S adsorption on GaP(001) and 10(001) surfaces, and it is consistent with the experimental results. The electronic band structure analysis showed that the surface state density around the Fermi level was considerably diminished for 0.5ML S adsorption on As-terminated InAs(001)(2x1) surface at substitution site. The surface state density of S-S dimer adsorption on In-terminated (2 x 1) surface was strengthened due to one excess valence electron on the surface. C1 [Li, Dengfeng; Guo, Zhicheng; Deng, Bo; Dong, Huining] Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Dept Math & Phys, Chongqing 400065, Peoples R China. [Gao, Fei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Li, DF (reprint author), Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Dept Math & Phys, Chongqing 400065, Peoples R China. EM lidf@cqupt.edu.cn FU Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [10947102]; Foundation of Education Committees of Chongqing [KJ090503] FX The authors acknowledge the Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10947102), Foundation of Education Committees of Chongqing (No.KJ090503). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 689 BP 220 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.689.220 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BZR83 UT WOS:000302643800034 ER PT J AU Buhlmann, KA Osborn, CP AF Buhlmann, Kurt A. Osborn, Colin P. TI Use of an Artificial Nesting Mound by Wood Turtles (Glyptemys insculpta): A Tool for Turtle Conservation SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CLEMMYS-INSCULPTA; EMYDOIDEA-BLANDINGII; NORTHERN LIMIT; NEW-JERSEY; ECOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; MOVEMENTS; RANGE; POPULATION; SELECTION AB We constructed an artificial nesting mound for Glyptemys insculpta (Wood Turtle) in the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, NJ. The original nesting site was impacted by development and invasive plants. The new nesting mound was constructed from similar soil and was 100 in distant from the original site. The new mound was 50 m from stream habitat and in an old field where it received full sun for the entire day. The mound was 18 m long, 8 in wide, and had a maximum height of 1.5 m, with gently sloping sides. We encountered nest-searching female Wood Turtles on the impacted site during late May to early June for four years, 2007-2010. We carefully hand-carried females to the new nesting area and allowed them to choose whether or not to nest on the mound. We protected all nests from predators. Seventeen of 18 nests that were deposited and left on the nesting mound produced live hatchlings. Six clutches had 100% hatching success, with only one failing completely. At least nine different female Wood Turtles nested on the mound. One female returned on her own in three subsequent years, another returned on her own in one subsequent year, several were re-shown the mound in subsequent years, and one turtle found the mound and nested on it on her own. The nesting mound has produced 142 hatchling Wood Turtles over the four years. We suggest that it is possible to entice female turtles to nest in a new area and that when nesting resources are limited, construction and protection of nesting areas can be a useful conservation action. C1 [Buhlmann, Kurt A.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Osborn, Colin P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920 USA. RP Buhlmann, KA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM kbuhlmann@earthlink.net FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC-09-075R22506]; Buhlmann Ecological Research, LLC FX We thank Michael Home for constructing the nest mound for us with the backhoe and Susi Ponce for thoughts on the initial nesting-cage design. We also thank Len Soucy and technicians of the New Jersey Raptor Trust for X-radiographing turtles, Rich Seigel and Jackie Record for providing historical information about Great Swamp Wood Turtles, and William Koch, Refuge Manager, for his support of this project. We thank the following individuals who helped to track and locate Wood Turtles in the field: Heather Barrett, George Cevera, Kean Clifford, Tom Clifford, Greg Cooper, Charlie Cotton, Ray Farrell, Andrew Ferreira, Bridget Goldsmith, Anthony Henehan, Steve Henry, Chris Hernandez, Peter Hrinewski, Georgina Jacquez, Helen Johnson, Marilyn Kitchell, Scott Kuhn, Marnie Miller-Keas, Dave Moskowitz, Laura Newgard, Adam Osborn, Hanina Osborn, Joe Pignatelli, Harry, Harriet, and Harley Spaven, Tim and Marcia Stevens, Kelly Triece, Tracey Tuberville, Peter Warny, Bob Zappalorti, and Brian Zarate. We thank Tony Cullen and Dave Miller for mowing the old field each winter. We thank Brett DeGregorio and three anonymous reviewers for greatly improving earlier drafts of the manuscript. Manuscript preparation was supported by the US Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC-09-075R22506 to the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, and by Buhlmann Ecological Research, LLC. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 12 U2 34 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 315 EP 334 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 926JZ UT WOS:000302828600005 ER PT J AU Duncan, MB DuRant, SE Ostby, BJK Roberts, JH Willson, JD AF Duncan, Michael B. DuRant, Sarah E. Ostby, Brett J. K. Roberts, James H. Willson, John D. TI A Multi-taxa Biological Survey of Passage Creek, Virginia SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID STREAM FISH COMMUNITIES; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; INDEX; BASIN AB Identifying and conserving functioning headwater ecosystems is essential for ensuring the structure and function of natural ecosystem processes. The Passage Creek watershed (PCW) in Virginia is an upland tributary system of the North Fork Shenandoah River, which is found within the Potomac River basin. The PCW appears to maintain an array of terrestrial and fluvial habitats now uncommon in many adjacent watersheds because of human disturbance. We assessed the biotic condition of the PCW by sampling the fish, mollusk, and salamander assemblages throughout the watershed. We observed 29 fish, 9 salamander, and 4 aquatic mollusk species representing a variety of life histories and functional groups. Furthermore, we found that due to spatial differences in abundance and species richness, each assemblage offered unique insight into the condition of the PCW. The fish assemblage was indicative of those found in least disturbed areas within the Potomac basin, while salamander abundance and richness indicated areas of habitat degradation. Though we observed only one mussel species, the presence of native mussels suggested the PCW has maintained sufficient ecological condition to support long-lived animals potentially sensitive to low-level, additive, and compounding long-term disturbances, while neighboring watershed assemblages have collapsed. Given the relatively high species richness found within PCW, this watershed may be pivotal to the overall persistence of aquatic species in the Potomac basin and should receive high priority for future conservation efforts. C1 [Duncan, Michael B.; DuRant, Sarah E.; Ostby, Brett J. K.; Roberts, James H.; Willson, John D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Duncan, Michael B.] Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Willson, John D.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Duncan, MB (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 106 Cheatham Hall 0321, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM michaelduncan12@hotmail.com FU Potomac Conservancy FX This study was funded by the Potomac Conservancy as part of a larger project aimed at increasing public awareness of biodiversity and initiating conservation efforts within the watershed. We thank Seth Coffman for considerable logistical assistance with field work; and Dan Dutton, Seth Coffman, Megan Bradley, Amy Bush, and Daniel Weaver for assistance with sampling. E. Rosi-Marshall and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on a draft of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 357 EP 369 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 926JZ UT WOS:000302828600008 ER PT S AU Hurst, AM Firestone, RB Summers, NC Sleaford, BW Revay, Z Krticka, M Belgya, T Basunia, MS Capote, R Choi, H Dashdorj, D Escher, JE Nichols, A Szentmiklosi, L AF Hurst, A. M. Firestone, R. B. Summers, N. C. Sleaford, B. W. Revay, Zs. Krticka, M. Belgya, T. Basunia, M. S. Capote, R. Choi, H. Dashdorj, D. Escher, J. E. Nichols, A. Szentmiklosi, L. BE Dashdorj, D Mitchell, G TI Data evaluation methods and improvements to the neutron-capture gamma-ray spectrum SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL ULAANBAATAR CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Ulaanbaatar Conference on Nuclear Physics and Applications CY JUL 26-30, 2010 CL Ulaanbaatar, MONGOL PEO REP SP Minist Educ Sci & Culture, Sci & Technol Fdn, N Carolina State Univ, Areva-Mongolia Co, Coridor Strategy Co, BRM Co, MonAtom Co, Zorig Fdn, BRM Corp, MonAtom Co, Mongolian Univ Sci & Technol DE Data evaluation; thermal neutron capture; W-183,W-184,W-185,W-187 compounds; gamma-ray cross sections; total radiative capture cross sections; DICEBOX; Monte Carlo simulations ID NUCLEAR; WIDTHS AB Improved neutron-capture gamma-ray spectra, not only of interest to the nuclear structure and reactions communities, are needed in a variety of applied and non-proliferation programs. This requires an evaluation of the existing experimental capture-gamma data. Elemental neutron-capture data taken from direct measurements at the Budapest Reactor have been used to collate the Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation File, a database of capture gamma-ray cross sections. These cross sections are then compared to Monte Carlo simulations of gamma-ray emission following the thermal neutron-capture process using the statistical-decay code DICEBOX. The aim of this procedure is to obtain the total radiative neutron-capture cross section and confidently increase the number of levels and gamma rays that can be assigned to a given isotope in the neutron data libraries. To achieve these goals and provide as complete information as possible in the neutron data libraries, it is also necessary to remain current with recent advances in nuclear structure physics and ensure that the latest data in the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File has been taken into consideration. This way an optimal level scheme can be derived by comparison with simulations and available experimental data. New information derived from this study can then be used to improve the nuclear structure and reactions databases with more-complete level schemes, and indeed, provide reliable and accurate input to a variety of applications which require this information. Recent results from neutron capture on the stable tungsten isotopes W-182,W-183,W-184,W-186 are presented to illustrate the evaluation process. C1 [Hurst, A. M.; Firestone, R. B.; Basunia, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hurst, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Escher, Jutta/E-1965-2013; Capote Noy, Roberto/M-1245-2014; Szentmiklosi, Laszlo/F-5362-2015 OI Capote Noy, Roberto/0000-0002-1799-3438; Szentmiklosi, Laszlo/0000-0001-7747-8545 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0898-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1342 BP 24 EP 31 DI 10.1063/1.3583162 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZT57 UT WOS:000302915100004 ER PT S AU Sleaford, BW Firestone, RB Summers, N Escher, J Hurst, A Krticka, M Basunia, S Molnar, G Belgya, T Revay, Z Choi, HD AF Sleaford, B. W. Firestone, R. B. Summers, N. Escher, J. Hurst, A. Krticka, M. Basunia, S. Molnar, G. Belgya, T. Revay, Z. Choi, H. D. BE Dashdorj, D Mitchell, G TI Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Libraries for Nuclear Applications SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL ULAANBAATAR CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Ulaanbaatar Conference on Nuclear Physics and Applications CY JUL 26-30, 2010 CL Ulaanbaatar, MONGOL PEO REP SP Minist Educ Sci & Culture, Sci & Technol Fdn, N Carolina State Univ (NCSU), Areva-Mongolia Co, Coridor Strategy Co, BRM Co, MonAtom Co, Zorig Fdn, BRM Corp, MonAtom Co, Mongolian Univ Sci & Technol DE Nuclear Data; ENDF; Neutron Capture Gammas ID ELEMENTS AB The neutron capture reaction is useful in identifying and analyzing the gamma-ray spectrum from an unknown assembly as it gives unambiguous information on its composition. This can be done passively or actively where an external neutron source is used to probe an unknown assembly. There are known capture gamma-ray data gaps in the ENDF libraries used by transport codes for various nuclear applications. The Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation file (EGAF) is a new thermal neutron capture database of discrete line spectra and cross sections for over 260 isotopes that was developed as part of an IAEA Coordinated Research Project. EGAF is being used to improve the capture gamma production in ENDF libraries. For medium to heavy nuclei the quasi continuum contribution to the gamma cascades is not experimentally resolved. The continuum contains up to 90% of all the decay energy and is modeled here with the statistical nuclear structure code DICEBOX. This code also provides a consistency check of the level scheme nuclear structure evaluation. The calculated continuum is of sufficient accuracy to include in the ENDF libraries. This analysis also determines new total thermal capture cross sections and provides an improved RIPL database. For higher energy neutron capture there is less experimental data available making benchmarking of the modeling codes more difficult. We are investigating the capture spectra from higher energy neutrons experimentally using surrogate reactions and modeling this with Hauser-Feshbach codes. This can then be used to benchmark CASINO, a version of DICEBOX modified for neutron capture at higher energy. This can be used to simulate spectra from neutron capture at incident neutron energies up to 20 MeV to improve the gamma-ray spectrum in neutron data libraries used for transport modeling of unknown assemblies. C1 [Sleaford, B. W.; Summers, N.; Escher, J.; Hurst, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Firestone, R. B.; Hurst, A.; Basunia, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Molnar, G.; Belgya, T.; Revay, Z.] Inst Isotopes & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Choi, H. D.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Sleaford, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sleaford1@llnl.gov RI Escher, Jutta/E-1965-2013; OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S.Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrense Livermore National Laboratory [W-7505-Eng-48]; National Nuclear Security Administration Academic Alliance [DE-FG52-06NA26194]; Ministry of the Czech Republic [MSM 002 162 0859] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and at Lawrense Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7505-Eng-48. Support was also provided by National Nuclear Security Administration Academic Alliance Grant No. DE-FG52-06NA26194 and by the research plan MSM 002 162 0859 supplied by the Ministry of the Czech Republic. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0898-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1342 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1063/1.3583170 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZT57 UT WOS:000302915100012 ER PT S AU Chang, L Cloet, IC Roberts, CD Roberts, HLL AF Chang, Lei Cloet, Ian C. Roberts, Craig D. Roberts, Hannes L. L. BE Kizilersu, A Thomas, AW TI T(r)opical Dyson-Schwinger Equations SO T(R)OPICAL QCD 2010 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on T(R)OPICAL QCD II CY SEP 26-OCT 01, 2010 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Ctr Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM) & ARC Int, Linkage Award, Univ Adelaide, ALF DE Confinement; Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; Dyson-Schwinger equations; Hadron form factors; Hadron spectrum; Parton distribution functions ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS; CONSTITUENT-QUARK-MODEL; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; NUCLEON; PHYSICS; SLAC; CONFINEMENT; INSTANTONS AB We provide a glimpse of recent progress in hadron physics made using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, reviewing: the notion of in-hadron condensates and a putative solution of a gross problem with the cosmological constant; the dynamical generation of quark anomalous chromo- and electro-magnetic moments, and their material impact upon the proton's electric/magnetic form factor ratio; a computation that simultaneously correlates the masses of meson and baryon ground-and excited-states; and a prediction for the x -> 1 value of the ratio of neutron/proton distribution functions. C1 [Chang, Lei; Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Chang, Lei; Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Chang, Lei; Roberts, Craig D.; Roberts, Hannes L. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cloet, Ian C.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cloet, Ian C.; Roberts, Craig D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys China, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Hannes L. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Craig D.; Roberts, Hannes L. L.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 FU Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; U. S.Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE FG03-97ER4014, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy's Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship programme FX We acknowledge valuable discussions withM. Doring, S. Krewald, T. S-H. Lee, C. Hanhart and S.M. Schmidt.Work supported by: Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; the U. S.Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, contract nos. DE FG03-97ER4014 and DE-AC02-06CH11357; and the Department of Energys Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship programme. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0912-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1354 DI 10.1063/1.3587594 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT98 UT WOS:000302957500017 ER PT S AU Dudek, JJ Edwards, RG Peardon, MJ Richards, DG Thomas, CE AF Dudek, Jozef J. Edwards, Robert G. Peardon, Michael J. Richards, David G. Thomas, Christopher E. BE Kizilersu, A Thomas, AW TI First-principles Calculation of Excited State Spectra in QCD SO T(R)OPICAL QCD 2010 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on T(R)OPICAL QCD II CY SEP 26-OCT 01, 2010 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Ctr Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM) & ARC Int, Linkage Award, Univ Adelaide, ALF DE Spectroscopy; Lattice QCD ID PI-PI SCATTERING; LATTICE QCD; GEV-C; MESONS; MATRIX; SYSTEM; HYBRID AB Recent progress at understanding the excited state spectra of mesons and baryons is described. I begin by outlining the application of the variational method to compute the spectrum of QCD, and then present results for the excited meson spectrum, with continuum quantum numbers of the states clearly delineated. I emphasise the need to extend the calculation to encompass multi-hadron contributions, and describe a recent calculation of the I = 2 pi pi energy-dependent phase shifts as a precursor to the study of channels with resonant behavior. I conclude with recent results for the low lying baryon spectrum, and the prospects for future calculations. C1 [Dudek, Jozef J.; Edwards, Robert G.; Richards, David G.; Thomas, Christopher E.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave,Suite 1, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Dudek, Jozef J.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Peardon, Michael J.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Math, Dublin, Ireland. RP Dudek, JJ (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave,Suite 1, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Peardon, Michael/0000-0002-4199-6284 FU U.S. DOE [DE AC05 06OR23177]; Jefferson Science Associates; LLC operates; Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility; The Chroma software; Jefferson Laboratory and Fermilab; USQCD Initiative; The U.S. Government FX I (DGR) am grateful to my colleagues in the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration, whose work is presented here. Supported by the U.S. DOE Contract No. DE AC05 06OR23177 under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The Chroma software suite [25] was used to perform this work on clusters at Jefferson Laboratory and Fermilab using time awarded under the USQCD Initiative. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0912-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1354 DI 10.1063/1.3587578 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT98 UT WOS:000302957500001 ER PT S AU Melnitchouk, W AF Melnitchouk, Wally BE Kizilersu, A Thomas, AW TI Weak Charge of the Proton: Loop Corrections to Parity-Violating Electron Scattering SO T(R)OPICAL QCD 2010 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on T(R)OPICAL QCD II CY SEP 26-OCT 01, 2010 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Ctr Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM) & ARC Int, Linkage Award, Univ Adelaide, ALF AB I review the role of two-boson exchange corrections to parity-violating elastic electron-proton scattering. Direct calculations of contributions from nucleon and D intermediate states show generally small, O(1-2%), effects over the range of kinematics relevant for proton strangeness form factor measurements. For the forward angle Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab, which aims to measure the weak charge of the proton, corrections from the gamma Z box diagram are computed within a dispersive approach and found to be sizable at the E similar to 1 GeV energy scale of the experiment. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Melnitchouk, W (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0912-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1354 DI 10.1063/1.3587605 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BZT98 UT WOS:000302957500028 ER PT S AU Rao, NSV Ma, CYT Yau, DKY AF Rao, Nageswara S. V. Ma, Chris Y. T. Yau, David K. Y. GP IEEE TI On Robustness of A Class of Cyber-Physical Network Infrastructures SO 2011 7TH INTERNATIONAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND MOBILE COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IWCMC) SE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC) CY JUL 04-08, 2011 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE, IEEE Turkey sect, Huawei DE Cyber-physical networks; robustness; game theory; graph models AB A number of networked infrastructure systems rely on both cyber and physical components for their continued operation. We present graph models for a class of such systems, wherein both cyber and physical parts must be made robust, possibly using different methods at different costs. We present methods for ensuring that the system survives, with specified probability PS, cyber and physical degradations due to natural, incidental, or intentional factors. Based on first and second order statistics of the profiles of passive degradations, we present methods to compute the robustness levels needed to ensure PS. Then, we consider the case of intentional compromises, where cost profiles of the provider and compromiser are known to various extents. We present a game-theoretic formulation based on provider and disrupter cost and benefit functions, and their mutual knowledge. We present strategies and performance boundaries of these formulations in ensuring PS under utility functions that are sums of terms corresponding to infrastructure survival and cyber-physical costs. C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 FU Mathematics of Complex, Distributed, Interconnected Systems Program, Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; UT-Battelle; LLC for U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work is funded by the Mathematics of Complex, Distributed, Interconnected Systems Program, Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy, and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-6492 BN 978-1-4244-9537-5 J9 INT WIREL COMMUN PY 2011 BP 808 EP 813 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BYV01 UT WOS:000300570200135 ER PT S AU Patton, RM Beaver, JM Steed, CA Potok, TE Treadwell, JN AF Patton, Robert M. Beaver, Justin M. Steed, Chad A. Potok, Thomas E. Treadwell, Jim N. GP IEEE TI Hierarchical Clustering and Visualization of Aggregate Cyber Data SO 2011 7TH INTERNATIONAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND MOBILE COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IWCMC) SE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC) CY JUL 04-08, 2011 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE, IEEE Turkey sect, Huawei DE hierarchical clustering; sunburst visualization; IDS analysis; vector space model AB Most commercial intrusion detections systems (IDS) can produce a very high volume of alerts, and are typically plagued by a high false positive rate. The approach described here uses Splunk to aggregate IDS alerts. The aggregated IDS alerts are retrieved from Splunk programmatically and are then clustered using text analysis and visualized using a sunburst diagram to provide an additional understanding of the data. The equivalent of what the cluster analysis and visualization provides would require numerous detailed queries using Splunk and considerable manual effort. C1 [Patton, Robert M.; Beaver, Justin M.; Steed, Chad A.; Potok, Thomas E.; Treadwell, Jim N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Patton, RM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pattonrm@ornl.gov; beaverjm@ornl.gov; steedca@ornl.gov; potokte@ornl.gov; treadwelljn@ornl.gov OI Patton, Robert/0000-0002-8101-0571; Potok, Thomas/0000-0001-6687-3435; Steed, Chad/0000-0002-3501-909X NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-6492 BN 978-1-4244-9537-5 J9 INT WIREL COMMUN PY 2011 BP 1287 EP 1291 PG 5 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BYV01 UT WOS:000300570200214 ER PT S AU Back, BB AF Back, Birger B. BE Giardina, G Nasirov, AK Pirrone, S TI Experimental Signatures of Quasifission SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON QUASIFISSION PROCESS IN HEAVY ION REACTIONS SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Quasifission Process in Heavy Ion Reactions CY NOV 08-09, 2010 CL Messina, ITALY SP Fondazione Bonino-Pulejo (FBP), Univ Messina, INFN Sezione Catania, INFN Lab Nazl Sud Catania ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; FUSION; MECHANISM; DYNAMICS; MASS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DISSIPATION; URANIUM AB Three decades ago, it was first recognized that the observation of fission fragments in heavy-ion induced reactions does not necessarily mean that they originate from the fission decay of a compound nucleus formed by the fusion of the projectile and the target nuclei. This conclusion was based on several different observations. First, it was recognized that the fission cross section exceeded the upper bound imposed by the existence of a stabilizing pocket in the ion-ion potential thus some of the fission cross section must originate from partial waves that do not proceed through a compound nucleus and, in addition, that the fission mass distribution in these cases was observed to be wider than expected on the basis of a compound nucleus model. Concurrently, it was noted that the fission fragment anisotropy in heavy-ion induced fission substantially exceed expectations based on the transition state model. Subsequent studies of the two-dimensional mass-angle distribution of fission fragments clearly demonstrated that these fragments are the result of a dynamic process, in which the system evolves toward mass symmetry on a time scale that is commensurate with the rotational period of the complex. This process is now referred to as "quasi-fission" although the terms "fission without a barrier" and fast fission were also used. Recently, much progress in the theoretical description of this process has been achieved and further precise experiments have been conducted, which provide further constraints on our understanding of these complex processes that also play a critical role in attempts to synthesize heavy and super-heavy nuclei via heavy-ion fusion processes. In this talk I will discuss some of the history and recent developments in the study of the quasi-fission process. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM back@anl.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 282 AR 012003 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/282/1/012003 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZO88 UT WOS:000302297700003 ER PT S AU Gorton, I Wynne, A Liu, Y AF Gorton, Ian Wynne, Adam Liu, Yan BE Maximilien, EM Rossi, G Ludwig, H Yuan, ST Fantinato, M TI Engineering High Performance Service-Oriented Pipeline Applications with MeDICi SO SERVICE-ORIENTED COMPUTING - ICSOC 2010, WORKSHOP SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Service Oriented Computing CY DEC 07-10, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA DE middleware; software pipelines; SOA; component-based systems AB The pipeline software architecture pattern is commonly used in many application domains to structure a software system. A pipeline comprises a sequence of processing steps that progressively transform data to some desired outputs. As pipeline-based systems are required to handle increasingly large volumes of data and provide high throughput services, simple scripting-based technologies that have traditionally been used for constructing pipelines do not scale. In this paper we describe the MeDICI Integration Framework (MIF), which is specifically designed for building flexible, efficient and scalable pipelines that exploit distributed services as elements of the pipeline. We explain the core runtime and development infrastructures that MIF provides, and demonstrate how MIF has been used in two complex applications to improve performance and modifiability. C1 [Gorton, Ian; Wynne, Adam; Liu, Yan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gorton, I (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ian.gorton@pnl.gov; adam.wynne@pnl.gov; yan.liu@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-19393-4 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6568 BP 88 EP 99 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BZQ42 UT WOS:000302390300010 ER PT S AU Bogacz, SA AF Bogacz, S. Alex BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Muon Acceleration - RLA and FFAG SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Muon Accelerator; Neutrino Factory; Recirculating Linac; Beam Dynamics; Lattice Design ID BEAM DYNAMICS AB Various acceleration schemes for muons are presented. The overall goal of the acceleration systems: large acceptance acceleration to 25 GeV and 'beam shaping' can be accomplished by various fixed field accelerators at different stages. They involve three superconducting linacs: a single pass linear Pre-accelerator followed by a pair of multi-pass Recirculating Linear Accelerators (RLA) and finally a non-scaling FFAG ring. The present baseline acceleration scenario has been optimized to take maximum advantage of appropriate acceleration scheme at a given stage. The solenoid based Pre-accelerator offers very large acceptance and facilitates correction of energy gain across the bunch and significant longitudinal compression trough induced synchrotron motion. However, far off-crest acceleration reduces the effective acceleration gradient and adds complexity through the requirement of individual RF phase control for each cavity. The RLAs offer very efficient usage of high gradient superconducting RF and ability to adjust path-length after each linac pass through individual return arcs with uniformly periodic FODO optics suitable for chromatic compensation of emittace dilution with sextupoles. However, they require spreaders/recombiners switchyards at both linac ends and significant total length of the arcs. The non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) ring combines compactness with very large chromatic acceptance (twice the injection energy) and it allows for large number of passes through the RF (at least eight, possibly as high as 15). C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Bogacz, SA (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644312 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900053 ER PT S AU Bross, AD AF Bross, Alan D. CA Neutrino Factory Muon Collider Col BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI The US Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE muon collider; neutrino factory AB The US Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics has recently approved a Muon Accelerator Program (MAP). The primary goal of this effort is to deliver a Design Feasibility Study for a Muon Collider after a 7 year R&D program. This paper presents a brief physics motivation for, and the description of, a Muon Collider facility and then gives an overview of the program. I will then describe in some detail the primary components of the effort. C1 [Bross, Alan D.; Neutrino Factory Muon Collider Col] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bross, AD (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644270 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900011 ER PT S AU Djurcic, Z AF Djurcic, Zelimir BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI New Observations in the MiniBooNE Experiment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino mass and mixing; Non-standard-model neutrinos ID LSND EXPERIMENT; OSCILLATIONS AB The MiniBooNE neutrino oscillation search experiment at Fermilab has recently reported results from a search for (nu) over bar (mu) -> (nu) over bar (e) oscillations, using a data sample corresponding to 5.66 x 10(20) protons on target in anti-neutrino mode. The experiment is now sensitive to the excess of (nu) over bar (mu) -> (nu) over bar (e) events observed by Los Alamos Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND). MiniBooNE data are consistent with (nu) over bar (mu) -> (nu) over bar (e) oscillations in the Delta m(2) range of 0.1 to 1.0 eV(2) and with the evidence for antineutrino oscillations from LSND. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Djurcic, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644277 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900018 ER PT S AU Djurcic, Z AF Djurcic, Zelimir BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Using Near Detector(s) to predict the Far Detector Events in NO nu A Experiment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino Interactions; Neutrino Oscillations AB The NO nu A experiment is designed to search for a non-vanishing mixing angle theta(13) with unprecedented sensitivity and has the potential to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy and constrain CP-violation phase. NO nu A will use two functionally identical detectors at near and far locations to eliminate sensitivity to modeling of neutrino flux and cross-sections. The near detector will measure neutrino rate to constrain backgrounds expected in the far detector which will search for appearance of electron neutrinos and/or anti-neutrinos using Fermilab NuMI neutrino beam. This report describes initial thoughts on how the available beams and detectors may be used to reach the NO nu A goals. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Djurcic, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644291 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900032 ER PT S AU Harris, DA Kopp, S AF Harris, Deborah A. Kopp, Sacha CA MINERvA Collaboration BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI The MINER nu A Experiment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino mass and mixing AB The MINER nu A experiment is a dedicated cross-section experiment whose aim is to measure neutrino cross sections for inclusive and exclusive final states on several nuclei. The detector is fully commissioned and began running in March 2010. As a dedicated cross-section experiment, MINER nu A has a particular need to know the incident neutrino flux: both the absolute level and the energy dependence. In these proceedings we describe the MINER nu A detector, give an update on the experimental status, and discuss the means to determine the neutrino flux. C1 [Harris, Deborah A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Harris, DA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644306 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900047 ER PT S AU Harris, DA AF Harris, Deborah A. BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Conventional Neutrino Beam Experiments: Present and Future Generations SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino mass and mixing AB There are currently four conventional neutrino beams produced around the world serving a total of six different neutrino experiments devoted to a broad range of physics. In this article we discuss the current generation of experiments served by those beamlines, future plans for those beamlines, and plans for yet newer facilities, with a focus on lessons the current generation of experiments can pass on to future generations. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Harris, DA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644262 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900003 ER PT S AU Li, D Palmer, R Stratakis, D Virostek, S Zisman, MS AF Li, D. Palmer, R. Stratakis, D. Virostek, S. Zisman, M. S. BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Progress on a Be Cavity Design SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Normal-conducting RF; RF breakdown; Be cavity design AB Previous RF experiments with normal-conducting cavities have demonstrated that there is a significant degradation in maximum gradient when the cavity is subjected to a strong axial magnetic field. We have developed a model suggesting that a cavity with beryllium walls may perform better than copper cavities. In this paper we outline the issues that led us to propose fabricating a Be-wall cavity. We also discuss a concept for fabricating such a cavity and mention some of the manufacturing issues we expect to face. C1 [Li, D.; Virostek, S.; Zisman, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Palmer, R.; Stratakis, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We thank our MAP colleagues for help with the RF test program and for many informative discussions. Work supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy Contract Nos. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBNL) and DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL). NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644320 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900061 ER PT S AU Neuffer, D Prior, G Rogers, C Snopok, P Yoshikawa, C AF Neuffer, D. Prior, G. Rogers, C. Snopok, P. Yoshikawa, C. BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI IDR Muon Capture Front End and Variations SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE muon source; neutrino factory AB The (International Design Report) IDR neutrino factory scenario for capture, bunching, phase-energy rotation and initial cooling of mu's produced from a proton source target is explored. It requires a drift section from the target, a bunching section and a phi-delta E rotation section leading into the cooling channel. The rf frequency changes along the bunching and rotation transport in order to form the mu's into a train of equal-energy bunches suitable for cooling and acceleration. Optimization and variations are discussed. An important concern is rf limitations within the focusing magnetic fields; mitigation procedures are described. The method can be extended to provide muons for a mu(+)-mu(-) Collider; variations toward optimizing that extension are discussed. C1 [Neuffer, D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Prior, G.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rogers, C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ASTeC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Snopok, P.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA USA. [Yoshikawa, C.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Neuffer, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644311 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900052 ER PT S AU Pasternak, J Aslaninejad, M Berg, JS Kelliher, DJ Machida, S Witte, H AF Pasternak, J. Aslaninejad, M. Berg, J. Scott Kelliher, D. J. Machida, S. Witte, H. BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Injection/Extraction Studies In The Non-scaling FFAG For The Neutrino Factory SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE injection; extraction; muon acceleration; FFAG; the Neutrino Factory AB The Neutrino Factory is under intensive study in the framework of the International Design Study for future precision neutrino oscillation physics. According to the current baseline the major part of muon acceleration is foreseen to take part in the non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient (NS-FFAG) ring. The NS-FFAG lattice design was recently modified to accommodate long straight sections necessary for the injection/extraction systems. The length of the long drift was optimized minimizing the necessary septum field, which according to present studies needs to be below 2 T. The injection/extraction schemes allowing to reuse the kickers for both signs of muons are presented. The design of the kicker system based on current technology is discussed. The preliminary design of a septum magnet focused on minimization of the stray field leakage is studied. C1 [Pasternak, J.; Aslaninejad, M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England. [Pasternak, J.] STFC RAL ISIS, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Berg, J. Scott] BNL, New York, NY USA. [Kelliher, D. J.; Machida, S.] STFC ASTeC RAL, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Witte, H.] Univ Oxford, JAI, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Pasternak, J (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England. RI Berg, Joseph/E-8371-2014; OI Berg, Joseph/0000-0002-5955-6973; Kelliher, David/0000-0001-9583-7804 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644313 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900054 ER PT S AU Rebel, B AF Rebel, Brian CA NovA Collaboration BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Status of NO nu A SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino AB NO nu A is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment looking for the appearance of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos in the NuMI neutrino beam. It is comprised of a near detector located on-site at Fermilab, approximately 1 km from the neutrino source and a far detector located 810 km from the source in northern Minnesota. Both detectors are positioned 14 mrad off the beam axis to observe a narrow range of neutrino energies peaked at 2.2 GeV. Construction of the NO nu A experiment has begun and the details are outlined below. C1 [Rebel, Brian; NovA Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rebel, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644276 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900017 ER PT S AU Rebel, B AF Rebel, Brian BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Performance and Technical Challenges of Liquid Argon Detectors SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Neutrino; Liquid Argon AB Liquid argon time projection chambers offer the possibility of incredible resolution of particle interactions. This review outlines the ongoing research and development towards the realization of a multi-kiloton scale detector. The ICARUS and ArgoNeuT experiments which make use of liquid argon time projection chamber technology are also described. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rebel, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644282 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900023 ER PT S AU Whitehead, L AF Whitehead, L. CA MINOS Collaboration BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Using Near Detector Data to Make Far Detector Predictions in an On-Axis Long-Baseline Experiment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE neutrino oscillations AB Various techniques have been developed in long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments to leverage near detector data to form predictions for the far detector spectrum and backgrounds. I will review the techniques used in MINOS, an on-axis long-baseline neutrino experiment that uses Fermilab's NuMI beam. The extrapolation methods used in the MINOS muon neutrino and anti-neutrino disappearance measurements and electron neutrino appearance search will be covered. C1 [Whitehead, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Whitehead, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644290 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900031 ER PT S AU Whitehead, L AF Whitehead, L. CA LBNE Collaboration BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Prospects and Challenges for a Large Water Cherenkov Detector for LBNE SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE water Cherenkov detector; neutrino detector AB The Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) is a proposed experiment that would send a beam of muon neutrinos from Fermilab to the DUSEL (Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory) facility in South Dakota, a 1300 km baseline. One possible configuration for the far detector is one or more large water Cherenkov modules with a fiducial mass of at least 100 kilotons each. The prospects and challenges of such a detector, including the current design, will be presented. C1 [Whitehead, L.; LBNE Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Whitehead, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644283 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900024 ER PT S AU Zisman, MS AF Zisman, Michael S. BE Acharya, BS Goodman, M Mondal, NK TI Accelerator Challenges and Opportunities for Future Neutrino Experiments SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS, AND BETABEAMS (NUFACT) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super-beams and Beta-beams (NUFACT) CY OCT 20-25, 2010 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Beta Beams; Neutrino Factory; Superbeam; neutrino beam; ionization cooling AB There are three types of future neutrino facilities currently under study, one based on decays of stored beta-unstable ion beams ("Beta Beams"), one based on decays of stored muon beams ("Neutrino Factory"), and one based on the decays of an intense pion beam ("Superbeam"). In this paper we discuss the challenges each design team must face and the R&D being carried out to turn those challenges into technical opportunities. A new program, the Muon Accelerator Program, has begun in the U.S. to carry out the R&D for muon-based facilities, including both the Neutrino Factory and, as its ultimate goal, a Muon Collider. The goals of this program will be briefly described. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zisman, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0942-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1382 DI 10.1063/1.3644261 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZM23 UT WOS:000302003900002 ER PT S AU Radeka, V Chen, HC Deptuch, G De Geronimo, G Lanni, F Li, SR Nambiar, N Rescia, S Thorn, C Yarema, R Yu, B AF Radeka, Veljko Chen, Hucheng Deptuch, Grzegorz De Geronimo, Gianluigi Lanni, Francesco Li, Shaorui Nambiar, Neena Rescia, Sergio Thorn, Craig Yarema, Ray Yu, Bo BE Hasegawa, T Rubbia, A TI Cold electronics for "Giant" Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers SO 1ST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP TOWARDS THE GIANT LIQUID ARGON CHARGE IMAGING EXPERIMENT SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop towards the Giant Liquid Argon Charge Imaging Experiment CY MAR 29-31, 2010 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN AB The choice between cold and warm electronics (inside or outside the cryostat) in very large LAr TPCs (>5-10 ktons) is not an electronics issue, but it is rather a major cryostat design issue. This is because the location of the signal processing electronics has a direct and far reaching effect on the cryostat design, an indirect effect on the TPC electrode design (sense wire spacing, wire length and drift distance), and a significant effect on the TPC performance. All these factors weigh so overwhelmingly in favor of the cold electronics that it remains an optimal solution for very large TPCs. In this paper signal and noise considerations are summarized, the concept of the readout chain is described, and the guidelines for design of CMOS circuits for operation in liquid argon (at similar to 89 K) are discussed. C1 [Radeka, Veljko; Chen, Hucheng; De Geronimo, Gianluigi; Lanni, Francesco; Li, Shaorui; Nambiar, Neena; Rescia, Sergio; Thorn, Craig; Yu, Bo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Radeka, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM radeka@bnl.gov OI Chen, Hucheng/0000-0002-9936-0115 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 308 AR 012021 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/308/1/012021 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZJ99 UT WOS:000301802500021 ER PT S AU Rebel, B Adamowski, M Jaskierny, W Jostlein, H Kendziora, C Plunkett, R Pordes, S Schmitt, R Tope, T Yang, T AF Rebel, B. Adamowski, M. Jaskierny, W. Jostlein, H. Kendziora, C. Plunkett, R. Pordes, S. Schmitt, R. Tope, T. Yang, T. BE Hasegawa, T Rubbia, A TI Results from the Fermilab Materials Test Stand and Status of the Liquid Argon Purity Demonstrator SO 1ST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP TOWARDS THE GIANT LIQUID ARGON CHARGE IMAGING EXPERIMENT SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop towards the Giant Liquid Argon Charge Imaging Experiment CY MAR 29-31, 2010 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN AB The Fermilab Materials Test Stand was developed to test the suitability of materials for use in large liquid argon time projection chambers (TPCs). In addition to determining which materials are viable for use in TPCs, the test stand has also shown that water is especially detrimental to maintaining long electron lifetimes. The Liquid Argon Purity Demonstrator is currently under construction at Fermi lab. Its goal is to show that long electron lifetimes can be achieved without evacuation of the cryostat, which is of particular interest in designing large liquid argon TPCs. C1 [Rebel, B.; Adamowski, M.; Jaskierny, W.; Jostlein, H.; Kendziora, C.; Plunkett, R.; Pordes, S.; Schmitt, R.; Tope, T.; Yang, T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60540 USA. RP Rebel, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60540 USA. EM brebel@fnal.gov NR 3 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 308 AR 012023 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/308/1/012023 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZJ99 UT WOS:000301802500023 ER PT S AU Bosco, N Sweet, C Silverman, TJ Kurtz, S AF Bosco, Nick Sweet, Cassi Silverman, Timothy J. Kurtz, Sarah BE Dimroth, F Kurtz, S Sala, G Bett, AW TI CPV Cell Infant Mortality Study SO 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-7) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (CPV) CY APR 04-06, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amonix, Inc, AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH, Boeing Spectrolab Inc, Soitec, Entech Solar, Inc, SolFocus, Inc, Abengoa Solar, Cosma Int, Emcore Corp, Evonik Cyro LLC, JDSU, Aescusoft GmbH, Concentrator Opt GmbH, Cyrium Technol, Inc, Diemat, Inc, Opel Solar, Inc, CPV Consortium, NREL, PSE DE multi-junction; photovoltaic; thermal runaway; CPV; die-attach; void AB Six hundred and fifty CPV cells were characterized before packaging and then after a four-hour concentrated on-sun exposure. An observed infant mortality failure rate was reproduced and attributed to epoxy die-attach voiding at the corners of the cells. These voids increase the local thermal resistance allowing thermal runaway to occur under normal operating conditions in otherwise defect-free cells. FEM simulations and experiments support this hypothesis. X-ray transmission imaging of the affected assemblies was found incapable of detecting all suspect voids and therefore cannot be considered a reliable screening technique in the case of epoxy die-attach. C1 [Bosco, Nick; Sweet, Cassi; Silverman, Timothy J.; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bosco, N (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0979-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1407 DI 10.1063/1.3658348 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BZM02 UT WOS:000301983900067 ER PT S AU Kurtz, S Muller, M Marion, B Emery, K McConnell, R Surendran, S Kimber, A AF Kurtz, Sarah Muller, Matthew Marion, Bill Emery, Keith McConnell, Robert Surendran, Sandheep Kimber, Adrianne BE Dimroth, F Kurtz, S Sala, G Bett, AW TI Considerations for How to Rate CPV SO 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-7) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (CPV) CY APR 04-06, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amonix Inc, AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH, Boeing Spectrolab Inc, Soitec, Entech Solar, Inc, SolFocus Inc, Abengoa Solar, Cosma Int, Emcore Corp, Evonik Cyro LLC, JDSU, Aescusoft GmbH, Concentrator Opt GmbH, Cyrium Technol, Inc, Diemat, Inc, Opel Solar, Inc, CPV Consortium, NREL, PSE DE Solar concentrators; photovoltaic devices; performance testing AB The concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) industry is introducing multiple products into the marketplace, but, as yet, the community has not embraced a unified method for assessing a nameplate rating. The choices of whether to use 850, 900, or 1000 W/m(2) for the direct-normal irradiance and whether to link the rating to ambient or cell temperature will affect how CPV modules are rated and compared with other technologies. This paper explores the qualitative and quantitative ramifications of these choices using data from two multi-junction CPV modules and two flat-plate modules. C1 [Kurtz, Sarah; Muller, Matthew; Marion, Bill; Emery, Keith] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [McConnell, Robert] Amonix Inc, Torrance, CA 90505 USA. [Surendran, Sandheep] Surya Design, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Kimber, Adrianne] First Solar Inc, Oakland, CA 94706 USA. RP Kurtz, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU [DEAC36-08GO28308] FX This work was completed under contract # DEAC36-08GO28308. We thank J. del Cueto, J. Rodriguez, S. Rummel, and R. Smith for help with data, and T. Hutton for a useful conversation. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0979-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1407 DI 10.1063/1.3658287 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BZM02 UT WOS:000301983900006 ER PT S AU Muller, M Deline, C Marion, B Kurtz, S Bosco, N AF Muller, Matthew Deline, Chris Marion, Bill Kurtz, Sarah Bosco, Nick BE Dimroth, F Kurtz, S Sala, G Bett, AW TI Determining Outdoor CPV Cell Temperature SO 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-7) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (CPV) CY APR 04-06, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amonix, Inc, AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH, Boeing Spectrolab Inc, Soitec, Entech Solar, Inc, SolFocus, Inc, Abengoa Solar, Cosma Int, Emcore Corp, Evonik Cyro LLC, JDSU, Aescusoft GmbH, Concentrator Opt GmbH, Cyrium Technol, Inc, Diemat, Inc, Opel Solar, Inc, CPV Consortium, NREL, PSE DE CPV; Cell; Temperature; Power; Ratings; IEC AB An accurate method is needed for determining cell temperature when measuring CPV modules outdoors. It has been suggested that cell temperature can be calculated through a procedure that shutters sunlight to the cells while measuring the transients in open-circuit voltage (Voc) and heat sink temperature. This paper documents application of this shutter procedure to multiple CPV modules at NREL. The challenges and limitations are presented along with an alternate approach to measuring CPV cell operating temperature. C1 [Muller, Matthew; Deline, Chris; Marion, Bill; Kurtz, Sarah; Bosco, Nick] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Muller, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Deline, Christopher/K-5998-2013 OI Deline, Christopher/0000-0002-9867-8930 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0979-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1407 DI 10.1063/1.3658355 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BZM02 UT WOS:000301983900074 ER PT S AU Muller, M Marion, B Rodriguez, J Kurtz, S AF Muller, Matthew Marion, Bill Rodriguez, Jose Kurtz, Sarah BE Dimroth, F Kurtz, S Sala, G Bett, AW TI Minimizing Variation In Outdoor CPV Power Ratings SO 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-7) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (CPV) CY APR 04-06, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amonix, Inc, AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH, Boeing Spectrolab Inc, Soitec, Entech Solar, Inc, SolFocus, Inc, Abengoa Solar, Cosma Int, Emcore Corp, Evonik Cyro LLC, JDSU, Aescusoft GmbH, Concentrator Opt GmbH, Cyrium Technol, Inc, Diemat, Inc, Opel Solar, Inc, CPV Consortium, NREL, PSE DE CPV; Power Rating; Spectrum; IEC standards AB The CPV community has agreed to have both indoor and outdoor module power ratings. The indoor rating provides a repeatable measurement off the factory line while the outdoor rating provides a measure of true on-sun performance. The challenge with an outdoor rating is that conditions that impact the measurement such as the spectrum, temperature, wind speed, etc are constantly in flux. This work examines methodologies for determining the outdoor power rating with the goal of minimizing variation even if data are collected under changing meteorological conditions. C1 [Muller, Matthew; Marion, Bill; Rodriguez, Jose; Kurtz, Sarah] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Muller, M (reprint author), NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM matthew.muller@nrel.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0979-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1407 DI 10.1063/1.3658356 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BZM02 UT WOS:000301983900075 ER PT S AU Dioszegi, I Salwen, C Forman, L AF Dioszegi, I. Salwen, C. Forman, L. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Application of Triple Coincidence for the Detection of Small Amounts of Special Nuclear Materials SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Special Nuclear Material; Spontaneous Fission AB We constructed a device that measures two gamma-rays and one neutron from spontaneous fission and any resulting multiplication chains. It extends the associated particle technique based upon correlated counting of the multiplicity of gamma-rays and neutrons released in spontaneous- or neutron-induced fission. There are two advantages in incorporating a third detector in the design over the standard two-detector version. First, we found that random uncorrelated events dominate the background of coincident counting with a gamma-ray and neutron detector. These might be suppressed by requiring an additional coincidence. Second, the time history of gamma-ray emission between the two gamma-ray detectors is related to multiplication in the target media. Multiplication in highly enriched uranium is much greater than in depleted uranium. C1 [Dioszegi, I.; Salwen, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Forman, L.] Ion Focus Technol Inc, New York, NY 11764 USA. RP Dioszegi, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy [NA-22] FX The present work has been supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (NA-22). NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665335 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400046 ER PT S AU Erickson, AS Galaitsis, A Lanza, R Hynes, M Bernstein, A Blackburn, B AF Erickson, Anna S. Galaitsis, Anthony Lanza, Richard Hynes, Michael Bernstein, Adam Blackburn, Brandon BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Design and Fabrication of Cherenkov Counters for the Detection of SNM SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Cherenkov detectors; active interrogation ID INTERROGATION AB The need for large-size detectors for long-range active interrogation (AI) detection of SNM has generated interest in water-based detector technologies. Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) were selected for this research because of their transportability, scalability, and an inherent energy threshold. The detector design and analysis was completed using the Geant4 toolkit. It was demonstrated both computationally and experimentally that it is possible to use WCD to detect and characterize gamma rays. Absolute efficiency of the detector (with no energy cuts applied) was determined to be around 30% for a Co-60 source. C1 [Erickson, Anna S.; Lanza, Richard] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Galaitsis, Anthony; Hynes, Michael; Blackburn, Brandon] Raytheon IDS, Tewksbury, MA 01876 USA. [Bernstein, Adam] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erickson, AS (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI /0000-0002-6866-7114 FU NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship FX We gratefully acknowledge Steven Dazeley and Russ Terry for their help in detector and electronics setup. One of the authors was supported by NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665307 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400018 ER PT S AU Johnson, E Blackburn, B Hausladen, P Hynes, M AF Johnson, Erik Blackburn, Brandon Hausladen, Paul Hynes, Michael BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Optimizing Inspection Parameters for Long Stand-Off Detection of SNM SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Active interrogation; Photofission; Bremsstrahlung; Special nuclear material; Electron beam applications; Linear accelerators; Photonuclear interactions AB Detection of special nuclear material (SNM) at extended ranges (> 100 m) through the utilization of high energy (> 20 MeV) bremsstrahlung photons requires optimizing the structure and interrelation of irradiation (beam-on) and detection (counting) periods. Conventional inspection schemes at lower energies and smaller distances primarily operate by pulsing an accelerator at frequencies of 0.1-1 kHz while collecting emitted radiation from the target under inspection for the few milliseconds in between pulses. Simulation and experimental results for long stand-off scenarios with source photons > 20 MeV, however, indicate that two primary phenomena - (1) induced photoneutrons in proximity to the accelerator and (2) beam induced activation of air and soil - preclude the use of conventional inspection schemes. By considering the time structure and magnitude of the beam-induced photon and neutron backgrounds, signals of interest from the target, and natural backgrounds, inspection schemes have been developed to maximize signal to noise ratios (SNR). Analysis of the data indicates that the highest SNR values are found with short (2-5 s) irradiations followed by a 1-2 s period of collecting emitted neutron and photon signatures. C1 [Johnson, Erik; Blackburn, Brandon; Hynes, Michael] Raytheon Integrated Def Syst, 50 Apple Hill Dr, Tewksbury, MA 01876 USA. [Hausladen, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Johnson, E (reprint author), Raytheon Integrated Def Syst, 50 Apple Hill Dr, Tewksbury, MA 01876 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665308 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400019 ER PT S AU Jovanovic, I Bowden, NS Carosi, GP Heffner, M Roecker, C AF Jovanovic, I. Bowden, N. S. Carosi, G. P. Heffner, M. Roecker, C. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Neutron Time Projection Chamber for Nuclear Security and Verification Applications SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE directional neutron detection; time projection chamber AB Detection of fast neutrons produced by fission is a powerful method for discovering, verifying the presence, or monitoring significant quantities of special nuclear material (SNM) at up to moderate distances. Fast neutrons are relatively rare in the natural background and can be very penetrating, even in situations when the energetic gamma-rays are well shielded. Fast neutrons point in the direction of their source and can thus be considered for use in imaging, a feature desirable for rapid, high-signal-to-noise detection of concealed SNM and for nuclear verification. We describe the development and performance of a prototype neutron time projection chamber (nTPC) and its use for directional neutron detection and high-resolution neutron imaging. The nTPC is based on similar to 0.025 m(3) of a hydrogen-methane mixture and utilizes a readout system with low channel count and is optimized for low event rates. We experimentally demonstrate robust operation, reliable particle identification, event-by-event directional reconstruction over the entire 4 pi solid angle, and insensitivity to gamma-rays. High-efficiency and high-resolution modes of operation based on single and double neutron scatters, respectively, have also been demonstrated. C1 [Jovanovic, I.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bowden, N. S.; Carosi, G. P.; Heffner, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Roecker, C.] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jovanovic, I (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. OI Bowden, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6115-0956 FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665337 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400048 ER PT S AU Keillor, ME Aalseth, CE Day, AR Erikson, LE Fast, JE Glasgow, BD Hoppe, EW Hossbach, TW Hyronimus, BJ Miley, HS Myers, AW Seifert, A Stavenger, TJ AF Keillor, M. E. Aalseth, C. E. Day, A. R. Erikson, L. E. Fast, J. E. Glasgow, B. D. Hoppe, E. W. Hossbach, T. W. Hyronimus, B. J. Miley, H. S. Myers, A. W. Seifert, A. Stavenger, T. J. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI CASCADES: An Ultra-Low-Background Germanium Crystal Array at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE gamma spectroscopy; coincidence; low background; HPGe; germanium; underground measurements AB State-of-the-art treaty verification techniques, environmental surveillance, and physics experiments require increased sensitivity for detecting and quantifying radionuclides of interest. This can be accomplished with new detector designs that establish high detection efficiency and reduced instrument backgrounds. Current research is producing an intrinsic germanium (HPGe) array designed for high detection efficiency, ultra-low-background performance, and sensitive gamma-gamma coincidence detection. The system design is optimized to accommodate filter paper samples, e. g. samples collected by the Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer. The system will provide high sensitivity for weak collections on atmospheric filter samples (e.g. < 10(5) fissions) as well as offering the potential to gather additional information from higher activity filters using gamma cascade coincidence detection. The first of two HPGe crystal arrays in ultra-low-background vacuum cryostats has been assembled, with the second in progress. Traditional methods for constructing ultra-low-background detectors were followed, including use of materials known to be low in radioactive contaminants, use of ultra-pure reagents, and clean room assembly. The cryostat is constructed mainly from copper electroformed into near-final geometry at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Details of the detector assembly and initial background and spectroscopic measurement results are presented; also a description of the custom analysis package used by this project is given. C1 [Keillor, M. E.; Aalseth, C. E.; Day, A. R.; Erikson, L. E.; Fast, J. E.; Glasgow, B. D.; Hoppe, E. W.; Hossbach, T. W.; Hyronimus, B. J.; Miley, H. S.; Myers, A. W.; Seifert, A.; Stavenger, T. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Keillor, ME (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868; Day, Anthony/0000-0002-1217-1822 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665316 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400027 ER PT S AU Mizouni, LK Aalseth, CE Avignone, FT Erikson, LE Hossbach, TW Keillor, ME Orrell, JL AF Mizouni, L. K. Aalseth, C. E. Avignone, F. T., III Erikson, L. E. Hossbach, T. W. Keillor, M. E. Orrell, J. L. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Search for 2 nu beta beta Decay of Te-130 to the First Excited State of Xe-130 with an Ultra-Low-Background Germanium Crystal Array SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Germanium crystal array; double-beta decay; low-background; Tellurium-130 ID DOUBLE-BETA DECAY AB The goal of searching for zero-neutrino double-beta (0 nu beta beta) decay is to probe an absolute neutrino mass scale suggested by the mass-splitting parameters observed by neutrino oscillation experiments. Furthermore, observation of 0 nu beta beta decay is an explicit instance of Lepton-number non-conservation. A sensitive measurement of two-neutrino double-beta (2 nu beta beta) decay can provide critical input to Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) calculations of the nuclear matrix elements in models similar to those used to extract the absolute neutrino mass from 0 nu beta beta decay experiments. Tellurium-130, an even-even nucleus, can undergo 2 nu beta beta decay to the first 0+ excited state of Xe-130 producing three possible. gamma-ray cascades as it transitions to the ground state. The Cascades detector is a high purity germanium (HPGe) crystal array consisting of two ultra-low-background copper cryostats each housing a hexagonal array of seven crystals. The project is currently being developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA (USA), and aims to obtain very high. gamma-ray detection efficiency while utilizing highly effective and low-background shielding. GEANT4 simulations of the detector are performed for a Te-130 sample in order to determine the optimum size and geometry of the source for maximum detection efficiency and predict its sensitivity for measuring 2 nu beta beta decay to the first 0+ excited state of Xe-130. These simulations are validated with calibration sources and presented. C1 [Mizouni, L. K.; Aalseth, C. E.; Erikson, L. E.; Hossbach, T. W.; Keillor, M. E.; Orrell, J. L.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Avignone, F. T., III] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Mizouni, LK (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665319 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400030 ER PT S AU Nakae, LF Chapline, GF Glenn, AM Kerr, PL Kim, KS Ouedraogo, SA Prasad, MK Sheets, SA Snyderman, NJ Verbeke, JM Wurtz, RE AF Nakae, L. F. Chapline, G. F. Glenn, A. M. Kerr, P. L. Kim, K. S. Ouedraogo, S. A. Prasad, M. K. Sheets, S. A. Snyderman, N. J. Verbeke, J. M. Wurtz, R. E. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Recent Developments in Fast Neutron Detection and Multiplicity Counting with Liquid Scintillator SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Nuclear instrumentation; fission; fission chain; fast neutron detection; Time-correlated particle detection; Special Nuclear Material detection; assay ID INTERROGATION AB For many years, LLNL researchers have been developing time-correlated neutron detection techniques and algorithms for applications such as Arms Control, Threat Detection and Nuclear Material Assay. Many of the techniques have been developed specifically for the relatively low efficiency (a few percent) attainable by detector systems limited to nan-portability. Historically, thermal neutron detectors (mainly He-3) were used, taking advantage of the high thermal neutron interaction cross sections. More recently, we have been investigating the use of fast neutron detection with liquid scintillators, inorganic crystals, and in the near future, pulse-shape discriminating plastics that respond over 1000 times faster (ns versus tens of mu s) than thermal neutron detectors. Fast neutron detection offers considerable advantages since the inherent ns production timescales of spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission are preserved and measured instead of being lost by thermalization required for thermal neutron detectors. We are now applying fast neutron technology to the safeguards regime in the form of fast portable digital electronics as well as faster and less hazardous scintillator formulations. Faster detector response times and sensitivity to neutron momentum show promise for measuring, differentiating, and assaying samples that have modest to very high count rates, as well as mixed fission sources like Cm and Pu. We report on measured results with our existing liquid scintillator array and progress on the design of a nuclear material assay system that incorporates fast neutron detection, including the surprising result that fast liquid scintillator detectors become competitive and even surpass the precision of He-3-based counters measuring correlated pairs in modest (kg) samples of plutonium. C1 [Nakae, L. F.; Chapline, G. F.; Glenn, A. M.; Kerr, P. L.; Kim, K. S.; Ouedraogo, S. A.; Prasad, M. K.; Sheets, S. A.; Snyderman, N. J.; Verbeke, J. M.; Wurtz, R. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Nakae, LF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665320 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400031 ER PT S AU Simpson, JD Chichester, DL AF Simpson, J. D. Chichester, D. L. BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Tailoring the Neutron Spectrum from a 14-MeV Neutron Generator to Approximate a Spontaneous-Fission Spectrum SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Neutron Spectrum; Neutron Generator; Spontaneous Fission Source; AmBe; PuBe ID GAMMA-RAY AB Many applications of neutrons for non-invasive measurements began with isotopic sources such as AmBe or Cf-252. Political factors have rendered AmBe undesirable in the United States and other countries, and the supply of Cf-252 is limited and significantly increasing in price every few years. Compact and low-power deuterium-tritium (DT) electronic neutron generators can often provide sufficient flux, but the 14-MeV neutron spectrum is much more energetic (harder) than an isotopic neutron source. A series of MCNP simulations was run to examine the extent to which the 14-MeV DT neutron spectrum could be softened through the use of high-Z and low-Z materials. Some potential concepts of operation require a portable neutron generator system, so the additional weight of extra materials is also a trade-off parameter. Using a reference distance of 30 cm from the source, the average neutron energy can be lowered to be less than that of either AmBe or Cf-252, while obtaining an increase in flux at the reference distance compared to a bare neutron generator. This paper discusses the types and amounts of materials used, the resulting neutron spectra, neutron flux levels, and associated photon production. C1 [Simpson, J. D.] Thermo Fisher Sci, 5074 List Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. [Chichester, D. L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Simpson, JD (reprint author), Thermo Fisher Sci, 5074 List Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665297 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400008 ER PT S AU Zografos, A Hening, A Joshkin, V Leung, K Pearson, D Pearce-Percy, H Rougieri, M Parker, Y Weir, J Blackfield, D Chen, YJ Falabella, S Guethlein, G Poole, B Hamm, RW Becker, R AF Zografos, Anthony Hening, Andy Joshkin, Vladimir Leung, Kevin Pearson, Dave Pearce-Percy, Henry Rougieri, Mario Parker, Yoko Weir, John Blackfield, Donald Chen, Yu-Jiuan Falabella, Steven Guethlein, Gary Poole, Brian Hamm, Robert W. Becker, Reinard BE Hamm, ME Hamm, RW TI Engineering Prototype for a Compact Medical Dielectric Wall Accelerator SO APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES: ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques CY JUN 12-18, 2011 CL Crete, GREECE SP Sci Applicat Int Corp (SAIC), Inc DE Dielectric Wall Accelerator; proton therapy; linear accelerator ID SURFACE FLASHOVER; INSULATORS AB A compact accelerator system architecture based on the dielectric wall accelerator (DWA) for medical proton beam therapy has been developed by the Compact Particle Acceleration Corporation (CPAC). The major subsystems are a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) injector linac, a pulsed kicker to select the desired proton bunches, and a DWA linear accelerator incorporating a high gradient insulator (HGI) with stacked Blumleins to produce the required acceleration energy. The Blumleins are switched with solid state laser-driven optical switches integrated into the Blumlein assemblies. Other subsystems include a high power pulsed laser, fiber optic distribution system, electrical charging system, and beam diagnostics. An engineering prototype has been constructed and characterized, and these results will be used within the next three years to develop an extremely compact 150 MeV system capable of modulating energy, beam current, and spot size on a shot-to-shot basis. This paper presents the details the engineering prototype, experimental results, and commercialization plans. C1 [Zografos, Anthony; Hening, Andy; Joshkin, Vladimir; Leung, Kevin; Pearson, Dave; Pearce-Percy, Henry; Rougieri, Mario; Parker, Yoko; Weir, John] CPAC, Livermore, CA USA. [Blackfield, Donald; Chen, Yu-Jiuan; Falabella, Steven; Guethlein, Gary; Poole, Brian] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Hamm, Robert W.] R&M Tech Enterprises, Pleasanton, CA USA. [Becker, Reinard] Scientif Software Serv, Gelnhausen, Germany. RP Zografos, A (reprint author), CPAC, Livermore, CA USA. FU LLNL [DE-AC52- 07NA27344]; CRADA [TC02109.0]; CPAC FX Portions of this work were performed by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52- 07NA27344, funded by CRADA # TC02109.0 with CPAC NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0986-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1412 DI 10.1063/1.3665298 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZL94 UT WOS:000301973400009 ER PT S AU Arkhipkin, D Lauret, J Betts, W AF Arkhipkin, D. Lauret, J. Betts, W. GP IOP TI STAR load balancing and tiered-storage infrastructure strategy for ultimate db access SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB In recent years, the STAR experiment's database demands have grown in accord not only with simple facility growth, but also with a growing physics program. In addition to the accumulated metadata from a decade of operations, refinements to detector calibrations force user analysis to access database information post data production. Users may access any year's data at any point in time, causing a near random access of the metadata queried, contrary to time-organized production cycles. Moreover, complex online event selection algorithms created a query scarcity ("sparsity") scenario for offline production further impacting performance. Fundamental changes in our hardware approach were hence necessary to improve query speed. Initial strategic improvements were focused on developing fault-tolerant, load-balanced access to a multi-slave infrastructure. Beyond that, we explored, tested and quantified the benefits of introducing a Tiered storage architecture composed of conventional drives, solid-state disks, and memory-resident databases as well as leveraging the use of smaller database services fitting in memory. The results of our extensive testing in real life usage are presented. C1 [Arkhipkin, D.; Lauret, J.; Betts, W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Arkhipkin, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM arkhipkin@bnl.gov; jlauret@bnl.gov; wbetts@bnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042028 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042028 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200028 ER PT S AU Canal, P Bockelman, B Brun, R AF Canal, Philippe Bockelman, Brian Brun, Rene GP IOP TI ROOT I/O: The Fast and Furious SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The increases of data size and in the geographical distribution of analysis intensify the demand on the I/O subsystem. Over the last year, we greatly improved the I/O throughput, in some case by several factors, when reading ROOT files. ROOT's improved techniques include improving the pre-existing prefetching, the automatic flushing of data buffers at regular intervals and streaming objects member-wise. These advances reduce the number of transactions with the local disk or the network. We worked in close collaboration with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments to optimize the I/O access to their use cases and to help adapt their framework to take full advantage of these advances. This presentation will describe in details these improvements and how users can benefit from them. C1 [Canal, Philippe] Fermi Natl Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Canal, P (reprint author), Fermi Natl Lab, Batavia, IL USA. EM pcanal@fnal.gov; bbockelm@cse.unl.edu; Rene.Brun@cern.ch NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042005 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042005 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200005 ER PT S AU Dykstra, D AF Dykstra, Dave GP IOP TI Scaling HEP to Web Size with RESTful Protocols: The Frontier Example SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The World-Wide-Web has scaled to an enormous size. The largest single contributor to its scalability is the HTTP protocol, particularly when used in conformity to REST (REpresentational State Transfer) principles. High Energy Physics (HEP) computing also has to scale to an enormous size, so it makes sense to base much of it on RESTful protocols. Frontier, which reads databases with an HTTP-based RESTful protocol, has successfully scaled to deliver production detector conditions data from both the CMS and ATLAS LHC detectors to hundreds of thousands of computer cores worldwide. Frontier is also able to re-use a large amount of standard software that runs the Web: on the clients, caches, and servers. I discuss the specific ways in which HTTP and REST enable high scalability for Frontier. I also briefly discuss another protocol used in HEP computing that is HTTP-based and RESTful, and another protocol that could benefit from it. My goal is to encourage HEP protocol designers to consider HTTP and REST whenever the same information is needed in many places. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL USA. RP Dykstra, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL USA. EM dwd@fnal.gov NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042008 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042008 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200008 ER PT S AU Hesselroth, T AF Hesselroth, Ted GP IOP TI A method of searching LDAP directories using XQuery SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB A method by which an LDAP directory can be searched using XQuery is described. The strategy behind the tool consists of four steps. First the XQuery script is examined and relevant XPath expressions are extracted, determined to be sufficient to define all information needed to perform the query. Then the XPath expressions are converted into their equivalent LDAP search filters by use of the published LDAP schema of the service, and search requests are made to the LDAP host. The search results are then merged and converted to an XML document that conforms to the hierarchy of the LDAP schema. Finally, the XQuery script is executed on the working XML document by conventional means. Examples are given of application of the tool in the Open Science Grid, which for discovery purposes operates an LDAP server that contains Glue schema-based information on site configuration and authorization policies. The XQuery scripts compactly replace hundreds of lines of custom python code that relied on the unix ldapsearch utility. Installation of the tool is available through the Virtual Data Toolkit. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hesselroth, T (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM tdh@fnal.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042011 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042011 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200011 ER PT S AU Jones, CD Elmer, P Sexton-Kennedy, L Green, C Baldooci, A AF Jones, C. D. Elmer, P. Sexton-Kennedy, L. Green, C. Baldooci, A. GP IOP TI Multi-core aware applications in CMS SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB One of the significant trends of recent years has been the move towards multicore CPU's with ever increasing numbers of cores. CMS has been preparing multicore aware applications that rely on "multi-processing", namely the sharing of memory between processes forked from a single parent process. First experience with deploying these applications for production will be presented, as well as results from detailed profiling done to understand the limits of scaling with increasing numbers of cores. C1 [Jones, C. D.; Sexton-Kennedy, L.; Green, C.; Baldooci, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Jones, CD (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM cdj@fnal.gov NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042012 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042012 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200012 ER PT S AU Leggett, C Binet, S Jackson, K Levinthal, D Tatarkhanov, M Yao, Y AF Leggett, C. Binet, S. Jackson, K. Levinthal, D. Tatarkhanov, M. Yao, Y. GP IOP TI Parallelizing ATLAS Reconstruction and Simulation: Issues and Optimization Solutions for Scaling on Multi- and Many-CPU Platforms SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Thermal limitations have forced CPU manufacturers to shift from simply increasing clock speeds to improve processor performance, to producing chip designs with multi-and many-core architectures. Further the cores themselves can run multiple threads as a zero overhead context switch allowing low level resource sharing (Intel Hyperthreading). To maximize bandwidth and minimize memory latency, memory access has become non uniform (NUMA). As manufacturers add more cores to each chip, a careful understanding of the underlying architecture is required in order to fully utilize the available resources. We present AthenaMP and the Atlas event loop manager, the driver of the simulation and reconstruction engines, which have been rewritten to make use of multiple cores, by means of event based parallelism, and final stage I/O synchronization. However, initial studies on 8 and16 core Intel architectures have shown marked non-linearities as parallel process counts increase, with as much as 30% reductions in event throughput in some scenarios. Since the Intel Nehalem architecture (both Gainestown and Westmere) will be the most common choice for the next round of hardware procurements, an understanding of these scaling issues is essential. Using hardware based event counters and Intel's Performance Tuning Utility, we have studied the performance bottlenecks at the hardware level, and discovered optimization schemes to maximize processor throughput. We have also produced optimization mechanisms, common to all large experiments, that address the extreme nature of today's HEP code, which due to it's size, places huge burdens on the memory infrastructure of today's processors. C1 [Leggett, C.; Jackson, K.; Tatarkhanov, M.; Yao, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leggett, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042015 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042015 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200015 ER PT S AU Malon, D Cranshaw, J van Gemmeren, P Zhang, Q AF Malon, D. Cranshaw, J. van Gemmeren, P. Zhang, Q. GP IOP TI Emerging Database Technologies and Their Applicability to High Energy Physics: A First Look at SciDB SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Traditional relational databases have not always been well matched to the needs of data-intensive sciences, and to the needs of high energy physics data stores in particular. To address this mismatch, members of the database community and people involved with large scientific data stores in a variety of disciplines have inaugurated an open-source project, SciDB, that aims to develop and deliver database technologies suited to the needs of data-intensive sciences. This paper describes early experience using the first release of SciDB with an initial subset of high energy physics data structures and query patterns. It examines the early capabilities of SciDB, and describes requirements that further development must address if emerging database technologies such as SciDB are to accommodate the data structures, query patterns, computations, and use cases of high energy physics. C1 [Malon, D.; Cranshaw, J.; van Gemmeren, P.; Zhang, Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Malon, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM malon@anl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042016 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042016 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200016 ER PT S AU Sexton-Kennedy, E AF Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth CA CMS Collaboration GP IOP TI Release Strategies: The CMS approach for Development and Quality Assurance SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Now that CMS has started data taking there is a balance to be struck between software release stability for operations and the need to improve the physics and technical performance of the code. In addition new code may need to be developed to correct for unforeseen data taking conditions, and has to be integrated into the mainstream releases with a minimum risk. To keep the process under control, CMS uses regular (twice a day) Integration Builds. A complex set of validation steps is used to verify the software at various stages, from the regular Integration Builds to running a full software and physics validation suite on the grid for major releases. CMS has adopted a development model that tries to strike the correct balance between the needs of stability and a constant improvement; this paper will describe our experience with this model, and tell the story of how the commissioning of the CMS offline has proceeded through the perspective of the past year's releases. C1 [Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth; CMS Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Sexton-Kennedy, E (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM sexton@fnal.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042023 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042023 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200023 ER PT S AU Van Buren, G Didenko, L Lauret, J Oldag, E Ray, L AF Van Buren, G. Didenko, L. Lauret, J. Oldag, E. Ray, L. GP IOP TI Automated QA framework for PetaScale data challenges SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Over the lifetime of the STAR Experiment, a large investment of workforce time has gone into a variety of QA efforts, including continuous processing of a portion of the data for automated calibration and iterative convergence and quality assurance purposes. A rotating workforce coupled with ever-increasing volumes of information to examine led to sometimes inconsistent or incomplete reporting of issues, eventually leading to additional work. The traditional approach of manually screening a data sample was no longer adequate and doomed to eventual failure with planned future growth in data extents. To prevent this collapse we have developed a new system employing user-defined reference histograms, permitting automated comparisons and flagging of issues. Based on the ROOT framework at its core, the front end is a web based service allowing shift personnel to visualize the results, and to set test parameters and thresholds defining success or failure. The versatile and flexible approach allows for a slew of histograms to be configured and grouped into categories (results and thresholds may depend on experimental triggers and data types) ensuring framework evolution with the years of running to come. Historical information is also saved to track changes and allow for rapid convergence of future tuning. Database storage and processing of data are handled outside the web server for security and fault tolerance. C1 [Van Buren, G.; Didenko, L.; Lauret, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Van Buren, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gene@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042026 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042026 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200026 ER PT S AU Wlodek, T Ernst, M Hover, J Katramatos, D Packard, J Smirnov, Y Yu, DT AF Wlodek, Tomasz Ernst, Michael Hover, John Katramatos, Dimitrios Packard, Jay Smirnov, Yuri Yu, Dantong GP IOP TI Experience with Multi-Tier Grid MySQL Database Service Resiliency at BNL SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB We describe the use of F5's BIG-IP smart switch technology (3600 Series and Local Traffic Manager v9.0) to provide load balancing and automatic fail-over to multiple Grid services (GUMS, VOMS) and their associated back-end MySQL databases. This resiliency is introduced in front of the external application servers and also for the back-end database systems, which is what makes it "multi-tier. The combination of solutions chosen to ensure high availability of the services, in particular the database replication and fail-over mechanism, are discussed in detail. The paper explains the design and configuration of the overall system, including virtual servers, machine pools, and health monitors (which govern routing), as well as the master-slave database scheme and fail-over policies and procedures. Pre-deployment planning and stress testing will be outlined. Integration of the systems with our Nagios-based facility monitoring and alerting is also described. And application characteristics of GUMS and VOMS which enable effective clustering will be explained. We then summarize our practical experiences and real-world scenarios resulting from operating a major US Grid center, and assess the applicability of our approach to other Grid services in the future. C1 [Wlodek, Tomasz; Ernst, Michael; Hover, John; Katramatos, Dimitrios; Packard, Jay; Smirnov, Yuri; Yu, Dantong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wlodek, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomw@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042044 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042044 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200044 ER PT S AU Yu, DV Lauret, J AF Yu, David Lauret, Jerome GP IOP TI Tape Storage Optimization at BNL SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The BNL's RHIC and Atlas Computing Facility (RACF), is supporting the RHIC experiment as its Tier0 center and the Atlas/LHC as a Tier 1 center. The RACF had to address the issue of efficient access to data stored to disk and tape storage. Randomly restoring files out of tapes destroys access performance to tape by causing too frequently, high latency and time consuming tape mount and dismount. BNL's mass storage system currently holds more than 16 PB of data on tapes, managed by HPSS. To restore files from HPSS, we make use of a scheduler software, called ERADAT. This scheduler system was originally based on a code from OakRidge National Lab, and then it was renamed to BNL Batch at 2005 after some major modifications and enhancements. The new BNL Batch, ERADAT, provides dynamic HPSS resource management, schedule jobs efficiently, enhanced visibility of real-time staging activities and advanced error handling, to maximize the tape staging performance. ERADAT is the interface between HPSS and other applications such as the DataCarousel, our home developed production system and dCache. Scalla/Xrootd MSS can also be interfaced with HPSS via DataCarousel. ERADAT has demonstrated great performance in BNL and other institute. C1 [Yu, David; Lauret, Jerome] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, DV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM david.yu@bnl.gov; jlauret@bnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042045 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042045 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200045 ER PT S AU Zhang, QZ AF Zhang, Qizhi CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IOP TI Engineering the ATLAS TAG Browser SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB ELSSI is a web-based event metadata (TAG) browser and event-level selection service for ATLAS. In this paper, we describe some of the challenges encountered in the process of developing ELSSI, and the software engineering strategies adopted to address those challenges. Approaches to management of access to data, browsing, data rendering, query building, query validation, execution, connection management, and communication with auxiliary services are discussed. We also describe strategies for dealing with data that may vary over time, such as run-dependent trigger decision decoding. Along with examples, we illustrate how programming techniques in multiple languages (PHP, JAVASCRIPT, XML, AJAX, and PL/SQL) have been blended to achieve the required results. Finally, we evaluate features of the ELSSI service in terms of functionality, scalability, and performance. C1 [Zhang, Qizhi; ATLAS Collaboration] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, QZ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Bldg 360,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM qzhang@anl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 042046 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/4/042046 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZF21 UT WOS:000301337200046 ER PT S AU Banerjee, S Folger, G Ivanchenko, A Ivanchenko, VN Kossov, M Quesada, JM Schalicke, A Uzhinsky, V Wenzel, H Wright, DH Yarba, J AF Banerjee, S. Folger, G. Ivanchenko, A. Ivanchenko, V. N. Kossov, M. Quesada, J. M. Schaelicke, A. Uzhinsky, V. Wenzel, H. Wright, D. H. Yarba, J. GP IOP TI Validation of Geant4 Hadronic Generators versus Thin Target Data SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN ID LARGE-ANGLE PRODUCTION; GEV/C PROTONS; CHARGED PIONS; BERYLLIUM AB The Geant4 toolkit is widely used for simulation of high energy physics (HEP) experiments, in particular, those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The requirements of robustness, stability and quality of simulation for the LHC are demanding. This requires an accurate description of hadronic interactions for a wide range of targets over a large energy range, from stopped particle reactions to low energy nuclear interactions to interactions at the TeV energy scale. This is achieved within the Geant4 toolkit by combining a number of models, each of which are valid within a certain energy domain. Comparison of these models to thin target data over a large energy range indicates the strengths and weaknesses of the model descriptions and the energy range over which each model is valid. Software has been developed to handle the large number of validation tests required to provide the feedback needed to improve the models. An automated process for carrying out the validation and storing/displaying the results is being developed and will be discussed. C1 [Banerjee, S.; Wenzel, H.; Yarba, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Banerjee, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM sunanda@fnal.gov RI Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/K-5267-2014 OI Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-2038-2814 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032034 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032034 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900034 ER PT S AU Banerjee, S Hildreth, MD AF Banerjee, S. Hildreth, M. D. CA CMS Collaboration GP IOP TI Validation and Tuning of the CMS Full Simulation SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN ID RECONSTRUCTION AB The CMS simulation, based on the Geant4 toolkit, has been operational within the new CMS software framework for more than four years. The description of the detector, including the forward regions, has been completed. A detailed investigation of detector positioning and material budget is underway using collision data. Detailed modelling of detector noise has been performed and validated with the collision data. C1 [Banerjee, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Banerjee, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM Hildreth.2@nd.edu NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032015 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032015 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900015 ER PT S AU Banerjee, S AF Banerjee, S. CA CMS Expt GP IOP TI Validation of Geant4 Physics Models Using Collision Data from the LHC SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB CMS experiment has designed a strategy to validate GEANT4 physics models using collision data from the Large Hadron Collider. Isolated charged particles are measured simultaneously in the tracker as well as in the calorimeters. These events are selected using dedicated triggers and are used to measure the response in the calorimeter. Measurements of mean response, resolution, energy sharing between the electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters, shower shapes are directly compared with predictions from the Monte Carlo. Single particle response is also used in calibrating the calorimeters and in improving jet energy measurements. GEANT4 physics models are also used to understand the source of anomalous high energy deposits in the calorimeter. C1 [Banerjee, S.; CMS Expt] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Banerjee, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM sunanda@fnal.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032003 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032003 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900003 ER PT S AU Kutschke, RK AF Kutschke, Robert K. GP IOP TI art: A Framework for New, Small Experiments at Fermilab SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Fermilab is preparing to mount a variety of new experiments at the Intensity Frontier, all of which require infrastructure software including a framework, an event data model, persistency, run-time configuration, management of singleton-like entities such as the geometry and conditions data, integration with Geant4 (G4), build and release management, and integration with GRID based work-flow management systems. In order to maximize the return on both past and future effort invested in supporting CMS, the Fermilab Computing Division (CD) has extracted the core of the CMS framework plus many parts of its associated infrastructure software; CD is supporting this infrastructure for use by the new Intensity Frontier experiments. This talk will present the plans for and status of this infrastructure software including points of view from both the developers and the physicist-clients working on the Mu2e experiment. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kutschke, RK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kutschke@fnal.gov OI Kutschke, Robert/0000-0001-9315-2879 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032019 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032019 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900019 ER PT S AU Lange, DJ AF Lange, David J. GP IOP TI The CMS Reconstruction Software SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB We report on the status and plans for the event reconstruction software of the CMS experiment. The CMS reconstruction algorithms are the basis for a wide range of data analysis approaches currently under study by the CMS collaboration using the first high-energy run of the LHC. These algorithms have been primarily developed and validated using simulated data samples, and are now being commissioned with LHC proton-proton collision data samples. The CMS reconstruction is now operated routinely on all events triggered by the CMS detector, both in a close to real-time prompt reconstruction processing and in frequent passes over the full recorded CMS data set. We discuss the overall software design, development cycle, computational requirements and performance, recent operational performance, and planned improvements of the CMS reconstruction software. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lange, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-50,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lange6@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032020 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032020 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900020 ER PT S AU Webb, JC Lauret, J Perevoztchikov, V AF Webb, J. C. Lauret, J. Perevoztchikov, V. GP IOP TI StarBASE: Fighting and Tracing Geometry Changes by Applying Differential Studies SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010): EVENT PROCESSING SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The STAR experiment has evolved significantly since it first began operation. Detector subsystems have been added, removed, and/or significantly modified between (and on occasion within) the 10 RHIC runs. Mistakes, oversimplifications and bugs in the geometry model have been discovered and addressed as simulations are confronted with ever-more-precise data. We therefore maintain over 30 distinct versions of the geometry in order to support simulation needs related to ongoing analysis, upgrade studies and historical reference. In order to help us understand the impact of geometry changes on detector response in our various simulation productions we have developed the StarBASE application within the VNIC framework. StarBASE provides the capability to perform detailed comparisons of the material and medium properties between any version of our geometry and a baseline version. This allows us to perform regression tests between library releases, to ensure that changes to one part of the geometry do not have unintended consequences in another part of the geometry, and to help to quantify the impact of an eVolving geometry on different physics measurements. C1 [Webb, J. C.; Lauret, J.; Perevoztchikov, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Webb, JC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jwebb@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 032033 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032033 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BZE75 UT WOS:000301279900033 ER PT S AU Tsai, SJ Yeates, TO AF Tsai, Sophia J. Yeates, Todd O. BE Howorka, S TI Bacterial Microcompartments: Insights into the Structure, Mechanism, and Engineering Applications SO MOLECULAR ASSEMBLY IN NATURAL AND ENGINEERED SYSTEMS, VOL 103 SE Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID B-12-DEPENDENT 1,2-PROPANEDIOL DEGRADATION; HALOTHIOBACILLUS-NEAPOLITANUS CARBOXYSOMES; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM LT2; INORGANIC CARBON FLUXES; VIRAL PROTEIN CAGES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; SHELL PROTEIN; THIOBACILLUS-NEAPOLITANUS; DRUG-DELIVERY; ORGANELLES C1 [Tsai, Sophia J.; Yeates, Todd O.] UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, UCLA Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Tsai, SJ (reprint author), UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, UCLA Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA USA. OI Yeates, Todd/0000-0001-5709-9839 NR 68 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1877-1173 BN 978-0-12-415906-8 J9 PROG MOL BIOL TRANSL JI Prog. Molec. Biol. Transl. Sci. PY 2011 VL 103 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-415906-8.00008-X PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BZI19 UT WOS:000301675700001 PM 21999993 ER PT S AU Dedeo, MT Finley, DT Francis, MB AF Dedeo, Michel T. Finley, Daniel T. Francis, Matthew B. BE Howorka, S TI Viral Capsids as Self-Assembling Templates for New Materials SO MOLECULAR ASSEMBLY IN NATURAL AND ENGINEERED SYSTEMS, VOL 103 SE Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; MRI CONTRAST AGENTS; SUPRAMOLECULAR BUILDING-BLOCKS; PROTEIN CAGE ARCHITECTURES; LIGHT-HARVESTING ARRAYS; PLANT-VIRUSES; IN-VIVO; FILAMENTOUS BACTERIOPHAGE; CONSTRAINED SYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION C1 [Dedeo, Michel T.; Finley, Daniel T.; Francis, Matthew B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dedeo, Michel T.; Finley, Daniel T.; Francis, Matthew B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Dedeo, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM072700] NR 136 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1877-1173 BN 978-0-12-415906-8 J9 PROG MOL BIOL TRANSL JI Prog. Molec. Biol. Transl. Sci. PY 2011 VL 103 BP 353 EP 392 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-415906-8.00002-9 PG 40 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BZI19 UT WOS:000301675700008 PM 22000000 ER PT S AU Gherasoiu, I Reichertz, LA Yu, KM Ager, JW Kao, VM Walukiewicz, W AF Gherasoiu, Iulian Reichertz, Lothar A. Yu, Kin Man Ager, Joel W., III Kao, Vincent M. Walukiewicz, Wladek BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI Photovoltaic action from InxGa1-xN p-n junctions with x > 0.2 grown on silicon SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE InGaN; semiconductors; hybrid; silicon substrate; solar cell; tandem; thin film AB In this paper, we report systematic investigation of the structural and electronic properties of GaN and InxGa1-xN alloys with x up to 0.31 grown on Si (111) substrate. P-type doping of InxGa1-xN using Mg has been achieved consistently with magnesium concentrations up to 1021 atoms/cm(3). The first results on photovoltaic action in InGaN p-n junctions with similar to 20% In fraction grown on silicon are also reported. An open circuit voltage (V-oc) of almost 1 V was measured under concentrated (20 x sun) AM1.5G condition. The diode shows the onset of a photoresponse at about 2.6 eV. Relatively low shunt and high series resistance are the key factors limiting performance of the InGaN cells with larger In content. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Gherasoiu, Iulian; Reichertz, Lothar A.; Walukiewicz, Wladek] Rose St Labs Energy, 3701 E Univ Dr, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. [Yu, Kin Man; Ager, Joel W., III; Kao, Vincent M.; Walukiewicz, Wladek] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gherasoiu, I (reprint author), Rose St Labs Energy, 3701 E Univ Dr, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. EM igheraso@yahoo.com; LAReichertz@lbl.gov RI Gherasoiu, Iulian/H-3369-2013; OI Gherasoiu, Iulian/0000-0003-2686-9196; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 FU RoseStreet Labs Energy's line in Phoenix, Arizona; RSLE through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work described in this paper on photovoltaic device engineering, materials engineering and epitaxial growth is performed and funded by RoseStreet Labs Energys line in Phoenix, Arizona. Device processing, characterization and modeling were performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and were supported by RSLE through the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 7-8 DI 10.1002/pssc.201001169 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZG94 UT WOS:000301581500144 ER PT S AU Jadwisienczak, W Palai, R Wang, J Tanaka, H Wu, J Rivera, A Huhtinen, H Anders, A AF Jadwisienczak, W. Palai, R. Wang, J. Tanaka, H. Wu, J. Rivera, A. Huhtinen, H. Anders, A. BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI Optical properties of ferromagnetic ytterbium-doped III-nitride epilayers SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE GaN; rare earth ions; defects; luminescence; ferromagnetism ID ION; GAN AB We have studied the optical and magnetic properties of ytterbium (Yb) implanted GaN epilayers grown on (0001) sapphire by different epitaxial growth methods. Samples were implanted at room temperature with Yb ions and subsequently thermally annealed at 1000 degrees C in N-2 at atmospheric pressure. The characteristic Yb3+ ion photoluminescence (PL) spectra were observed in the spectral range between 970 nm and 1050 nm. Analysis of the PL temperature quenching and PL kinetics suggest that Yb3+ ions are involved in at least two major luminescence centers. The magnetizations versus magnetic field curves show an enhancement of magnetic order for Yb-implanted GaN epilayer containing intrinsic impurities and structural defects. The hysteretic behavior with a weak coercivity is enhanced when the magnetic field is out-of-plane indicating magnetic anisotropy of the Yb-implanted GaN epilayers. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Jadwisienczak, W.; Wang, J.; Tanaka, H.] Ohio Univ, Sch EECS, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Palai, R.; Wu, J.; Rivera, A.] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Palai, R.; Wu, J.; Rivera, A.] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Huhtinen, H.] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Wihuri Phys Lab, Turku 20014, Finland. [Anders, A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jadwisienczak, W (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Sch EECS, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM jadwisie@ohio.edu RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 FU U.S. DoE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX WMJ thanks D.C. Look of Wright State University for providing the HVPE samples. AA acknowledges support by the U.S. DoE under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 7-8 DI 10.1002/pssc.201001076 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZG94 UT WOS:000301581500056 ER PT S AU Liliental-Weber, Z Ogletree, DF Yu, KM Hawkridge, M Domagala, JZ Bak-Misiuk, J Berman, AE Emara, A Bedair, S AF Liliental-Weber, Z. Ogletree, D. F. Yu, K. M. Hawkridge, M. Domagala, J. Z. Bak-Misiuk, J. Berman, A. E. Emara, A. Bedair, S. BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI Structural defects and cathodoluminescence of InxGa1-xN layers SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE nitride semiconductors; strained and relaxed InGaN; TEM; stacking faults; cathodoluminescence ID X-RAY; STACKING-FAULTS; GAN AB Correlation between structural defects and appearance of multiple cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence peaks of InxGa1-xN grown nominally with x=0.1 and increasing layer thickness (100 nm to 1000 nm) is discussed. Cathodoluminescence studies were performed on the cross-section samples earlier characterized by electron microscopy including Z-contrast microscopy. Strained and relaxed layers with different In concentrations were observed for InGaN layers above the critical layer thickness. Stacking faults appear at high density in the relaxed layer which also roughens, created a saw-tooth surface profile due to V-shaped pits. Large domains of closely separated stacking faults (polytype-like) were observed. In Z-contrast microscopy stacking faults in upper/lower part of the layer appear with higher/lower brightness, suggesting different amount of In incorporation in agreement with x-ray and RBS results. Only thin, strained InGaN layers showed single band-edge CL peaks. Multiple CL peaks appear in the relaxed, defective portion of the InGaN layers. By comparison with GaN samples where structural defects are associated with CL peak shifts, we postulate that defects, their type and distribution are main contributors to the multiple peaks observed for InGaN samples. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Liliental-Weber, Z.; Ogletree, D. F.; Yu, K. M.; Hawkridge, M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, M-S 62R203-8255, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Domagala, J. Z.; Bak-Misiuk, J.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Berman, A. E.; Emara, A.; Bedair, S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, M-S 62R203-8255, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM z_liliental-weber@lbl.gov RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016; Domagala, Jaroslaw/P-1811-2016 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182; Domagala, Jaroslaw/0000-0001-5515-9877 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director,Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. CL analysis were performed at the Molecular Foundry and TEM at the National Center for Electron Microscopy both at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and both supported by the above Contract. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 7-8 DI 10.1002/pssc.201001087 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZG94 UT WOS:000301581500076 ER PT S AU Wang, YQ Xu, H Alur, S Sharma, Y Tong, F Gartland, P Issacs-Smith, T Ahyi, C Williams, J Park, M Wheeler, G Johnson, M Allerman, AA Hanser, A Paskova, T Preble, EA Evans, KR AF Wang, Yaqi Xu, Hui Alur, Siddharth Sharma, Yogesh Tong, Fei Gartland, Patrick Issacs-Smith, Tamara Ahyi, Claude Williams, John Park, Minseo Wheeler, Ginger Johnson, Mark Allerman, Andrew A. Hanser, Andrew Paskova, Tanya Preble, Edward A. Evans, Keith R. BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI Electrical characteristics of the vertical GaN rectifiers fabricated on bulk GaN wafer SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE GaN; rectifier ID BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE AB Vertical Schottky rectifiers were fabricated on two GaN wafers synthesised by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) process: n- epilayer on n+ bulk and n- bulk. Full backside ohmic contact and circular Schottky contacts were deposited on the N face and Ga face of the substrate, respectively. The devices showed excellent electrical characteristics. The device fabricated on n-epilayer on n+ bulk substrate showed a breakdown voltage of 348 V, a specific on-state resistance of 4.2 m Omega.cm(2) and a leakage current density of 9.2x10(-6) A/cm(2) at -90 V. The device fabricated on n-bulk substrate showed a breakdown voltage of 600 V, a specific on-state resistance of 1.3 m Omega.cm(2) and a leakage current density of 8.1x10(-8) A/cm(2) at -100 V. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Wang, Yaqi; Xu, Hui; Alur, Siddharth; Sharma, Yogesh; Tong, Fei; Gartland, Patrick; Issacs-Smith, Tamara; Ahyi, Claude; Williams, John; Park, Minseo] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Wheeler, Ginger; Johnson, Mark] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Allerman, Andrew A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hanser, Andrew; Paskova, Tanya; Preble, Edward A.; Evans, Keith R.] Kyma Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC 87185 USA. RP Park, M (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM park@physics.auburn.edu RI Paskova, Tanya/D-2203-2009; Wang, Yaqi/B-9502-2012 OI Wang, Yaqi/0000-0003-3749-9717 FU ERC Program of the National Science Foundation [EEC-08212121]; Auburn University's Natural Resources Management & Development Institute (NRMDI) FX This work was supported by ERC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award Number EEC-08212121. We also would like to thank Mr. Fillmer in Auburn Universitys Natural Resources Management & Development Institute (NRMDI) for additional support to this project. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 7-8 DI 10.1002/pssc.201001158 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZG94 UT WOS:000301581500132 ER PT S AU Williamson, TL Salazar, AL Williams, JJ Hoffbauer, MA AF Williamson, Todd L. Salazar, Alicia L. Williams, Joshua J. Hoffbauer, Mark A. BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI Improvements in the compositional uniformity of In-rich InxGa1-xN films grown at low temperatures by ENABLE SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE InGaN films; growth temperature; photoluminescence; photovoltaics ID INGAN AB InGaN films have been grown over an In-rich composition range using a novel growth technique utilizing energetic N-atoms as the active growth species. A series of In-rich InGaN films grown over a wide range of substrate temperatures show how the film properties improve as the growth temperature is lowered. Under optimized conditions, In-rich InGaN films showing excellent compositional uniformity, a high degree of crystallinity, bright band edge photoluminescence, and smooth surface morphologies spanning a wide range of In compositions can be obtained. The results emphasize the importance of energetic N atoms and lower substrate temperatures for overcoming difficulties associated with growing highquality In-rich InxGa1-xN thin film materials. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Williamson, Todd L.; Salazar, Alicia L.; Williams, Joshua J.; Hoffbauer, Mark A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hoffbauer, MA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mhoffbauer@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 7-8 DI 10.1002/pssc.201001168 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZG94 UT WOS:000301581500028 ER PT S AU Yu, KM Novikov, SV Broesler, R Levander, AX Liliental-Weber, Z Luckert, F Martin, RW Dubon, O Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Foxon, CT AF Yu, K. M. Novikov, S. V. Broesler, R. Levander, A. X. Liliental-Weber, Z. Luckert, F. Martin, R. W. Dubon, O. Wu, J. Walukiewicz, W. Foxon, C. T. BA Wetzel, C Khan, A BF Wetzel, C Khan, A TI GaNAs alloys over the whole composition range grown on crystalline and amorphous substrates SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 7-8 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN)/Fall Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium N/Symposium H CY SEP 19-24, 2010 CL Tampa, FL SP European Mat Res Soc (EMRS) DE highly mismatched alloys; band anticrossing; amorphous alloys; III-nitride alloys; photovoltaic materials ID BAND AB Using low temperature molecular beam epitaxy (LT-MBE) technique we have overcome the miscibility gap of GaAs and GaN alloys and successfully synthesized GaN1-xAsx alloys in the whole composition range on crystalline (sapphire and silicon) and amorphous (Pyrex glass) substrates. On the N-rich side we found an increased incorporation of As with decreasing growth temperature. At high enough As content the films lose their crystallinity and become amorphous. On sapphire substrate, the alloys are amorphous in the composition range of 0.17 J/psi rho(0) decay. The narrow X decay width results from the tiny phase space available for the J/psi omega decay and enables competition with the electromagnetic isospin-forbidden J/psi rho decay which has much larger phase space. Experimental tests are proposed for this isospin production invariance. C1 [Lipkin, Harry J.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Lipkin, Harry J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Karliner, Marek] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Lipkin, HJ (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11257] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11257. We are grateful to Barry Wicklund for pointing out the possibility of an isospin violating EM decay of the X(3872). We also thank Arafat Mokhtar for interesting discussions of the data. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0952-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1388 DI 10.1063/1.3647404 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZM00 UT WOS:000301982600059 ER PT S AU Melnitchouk, W AF Melnitchouk, W. BE Hosaka, A Khemchandani, K Nagahiro, H Nawa, K TI Quark-hadron duality in nucleon structure functions SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF BARYONS (BARYONS '10) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Structure of Baryons (BARYONS) CY DEC 07-11, 2010 CL Osaka Univ, Osaka, JAPAN SP Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci &Technol Japan, Grant-in-Aid Sci Res Priority Areas Elucidat New Hadrons Variety Flavors HO Osaka Univ ID SEMIINCLUSIVE PION-PRODUCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRUNCATED MOMENTS; SCATTERING; EVOLUTION; PROTON AB We review progress in the study of quark-hadron duality in nucleon structure functions. New developments include insights into local duality obtained using truncated moments of structure functions, which allow duality-violating higher-twist contributions to be identified in individual resonance regions. Studies of pion electroproduction have also showed the first glimpses of duality in semi-inclusive cross sections, which if confirmed would greatly expand the scope of constraining the flavor and spin dependence of parton distributions. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Melnitchouk, W (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0952-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1388 DI 10.1063/1.3647422 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZM00 UT WOS:000301982600077 ER PT S AU Nakamura, SX AF Nakamura, Satoshi X. BE Hosaka, A Khemchandani, K Nagahiro, H Nawa, K TI Effect of three-pion unitarity on resonance poles from heavy meson decays SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF BARYONS (BARYONS '10) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Structure of Baryons (BARYONS) CY DEC 07-11, 2010 CL Osaka Univ, Osaka, JAPAN SP Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci &Technol Japan, Grant-in-Aid Sci Res Priority Areas Elucidat New Hadrons Variety Flavors HO Osaka Univ DE heavy-meson hadronic decay; exotic meson; 3-body unitarity AB We study the final state interaction in 3 pi decay of meson resonances at the Excited Baryon Analysis Center (EBAC) of JLab. We apply the dynamical coupled-channels formulation which has been extensively used by EBAC to extract N* information. The formulation satisfies the 3p unitarity condition which has been missed in the existing works with the isobar models. We report the effect of the 3 pi unitarity on the meson resonance pole positions and Dalitz plot. C1 Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Nakamura, SX (reprint author), Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0952-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1388 DI 10.1063/1.3647399 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZM00 UT WOS:000301982600054 ER PT S AU Sandorfi, AM Hoblit, S Kamano, H Lee, TSH AF Sandorfi, A. M. Hoblit, S. Kamano, H. Lee, T-S. H. BE Hosaka, A Khemchandani, K Nagahiro, H Nawa, K TI The Determination of Pseudoscalar Meson Photoproduction Amplitudes from Complete Experiments SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF BARYONS (BARYONS '10) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Structure of Baryons (BARYONS) CY DEC 07-11, 2010 CL Osaka Univ, Osaka, JAPAN SP Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci &Technol Japan, Grant-in-Aid Sci Res Priority Areas Elucidat New Hadrons Variety Flavors HO Osaka Univ DE complete experiments; pseudoscalar meson; photo-production; multipoles ID THRESHOLD AB A new generation of complete experiments is currently underway with the goal of performing a high precision extraction of pseudoscalar meson photo-production amplitudes. Here we review the most general analytic form of the cross section, dependent upon the three polarization vectors of the beam, target and recoil baryon, including all single, double and triple-polarization terms involving 16 spin-dependent observables. Analytic expressions that determine the recoil baryon polarization are also presented. Different conventions are in use in the literature and we have used a numerical calculation of cross sections from Chew-Goldberger-Low-Nambu amplitudes with arbitrary spin projections to clarify apparent sign differences. As an illustration of the use of this machinery, we carry out a multipole analysis of the gamma p -> K+ Lambda reaction and examine the impact of recently published polarization measurements. In fitting multipoles, we use a combined Monte Carlo sampling of the amplitude space, with gradient minimization, and find a shallow chi(2) valley pitted with a very large number of local minima, despite the inclusion of recent data on 8 different observables. We conclude that, while a mathematical solution to the problem of determining an amplitude free of ambiguities may require 8 observables, as has been pointed out in the literature, experiments with realistically achievable uncertainties will require a significantly larger number. C1 [Sandorfi, A. M.; Kamano, H.; Lee, T-S. H.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Hoblit, S.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Hoblit, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lee, T-S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sandorfi, AM (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU US Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics Division [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; Jefferson Science Associates operate Jefferson Laboratory; US Department of Energy [DEAC02- 06CH11357, DE-FG02-97ER41025] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics Division, under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177 under which Jefferson Science Associates operate Jefferson Laboratory, and also US Department of Energy contracts DEAC02- 06CH11357 and DE-FG02-97ER41025. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0952-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1388 DI 10.1063/1.3647357 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BZM00 UT WOS:000301982600013 ER PT S AU Mao, P Fu, JP AF Mao, Pan Fu, Jianping BE Toms, SA Weil, RJ TI Nanofluidic Devices for Rapid Continuous-Flow Bioseparation SO NANOPROTEOMICS:METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Nanofluidics; Nanofilter; Bioseparation; Micro/nanofabrication; Continuous-flow; Molecular sieve ID DNA-MOLECULES; SEPARATION; FILTERS; SIEVES AB Compared with conventional gel-based techniques, such as gel electrophoresis, which arc routinely used for bioseparation in biology and biomedical laboratories, nanofluidic devices with regular engineered sieving structures offer the potential for faster separation, better resolution, higher throughput, and more convenient sample recovery. Here, we detail the Fabrication process of a two-dimensional nanofluidic filter array device and its implementation for rapid continuous-flow separation of biomolecules such as proteins. C1 [Mao, Pan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fu, Jianping] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn & Biomed Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Mao, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Fu, Jianping/C-9605-2009 OI Fu, Jianping/0000-0001-9629-6739 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-318-9 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 790 BP 127 EP 140 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-319-6_10 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-319-6 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BYV43 UT WOS:000300588200010 PM 21948411 ER PT S AU Hopfner, KP Hartung, S AF Hopfner, Karl-Peter Hartung, Sophia BE Nicholson, AW TI The RNA Exosomes SO RIBONUCLEASES SE Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MESSENGER-RNA; ARCHAEAL EXOSOME; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YEAST EXOSOME; NUCLEAR EXOSOME; POLYNUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHORYLASE; SKI COMPLEX; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE AB RNA exosomes are large multimeric 3'-5' exo- and endonucleases found in eukaryotes and many archaeal species. They represent the central RNA 3'-end processing factor and are implicated in processing, quality control, and turnover of both coding and noncoding RNAs. RNA exosomes are highly regulated and processive machineries, assembled as large macromolecular cages that channel RNA to the ribonuclease sites. The primordial exosome - found in archaea and related to bacterial and organelle degradosomes - possesses a phosphorolytic active cage that can both degrade and polyadenylate RNA in RNA decay processes. Human and yeast exosomes lost phosphorolytic activities but gained ectopic subunits with hydrolytic activities, while preserving the RNA channeling function. C1 [Hopfner, Karl-Peter] Univ Munich, Dept Biochem, Gene Ctr, D-81377 Munich, Bavaria, Germany. [Hopfner, Karl-Peter] Univ Munich, Ctr Integrated Prot Sci, D-81377 Munich, Bavaria, Germany. [Hartung, Sophia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hopfner, KP (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Biochem, Gene Ctr, Feodor Lynen Str 25, D-81377 Munich, Bavaria, Germany. EM hopfner@lmb.uni-muenchen.de RI Hopfner, Karl-Peter/B-6864-2014 OI Hopfner, Karl-Peter/0000-0002-4528-8357 NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0933-1891 BN 978-3-642-21077-8 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS MOL BI JI Nucleic Acids Molec. Biol. PY 2011 VL 26 BP 223 EP 244 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-21078-5_9 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-21078-5 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA BYV38 UT WOS:000300586000009 ER PT S AU Farrow, AM Saleh, TA Freibert, FJ Bange, ME AF Farrow, A. M. Saleh, T. A. Freibert, F. J. Bange, M. E. BE Guagliano, M Vergani, L TI Mechanical Behavior of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Plutonium SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS (ICM11) SE Procedia Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Materials (ICM) CY 2011 CL Como, ITALY DE Plutonium; RUS; allotrope; mechanical AB Plutonium is a highly unusual metal displaying six allotropic phases between room temperature and 550 Centigrade. The crystal structures present vary from low-density high-symmetry cubic phases to high-density low-symmetry monoclinic phases, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for the researcher. In addition, the properties of plutonium may change over time due to radioactive decay, introducing radiation damage and causing changes in chemistry. Castings of high-density Plutonium were created as part of a research and development effort at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The as-cast material was characterized using a variety of techniques, including resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS), dilatometry, and quasi-static mechanical testing. A brief overview of the experimental technique of RUS as it applies to plutonium will be presented, along with discussion of the elastic moduli of alpha plutonium measured in the newly as-cast state. Compression tests of alpha plutonium and tensile tests of beta and gamma phase plutonium will be presented and compared with previous literature and experiments including older alpha plutonium specimens by previous authors. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of ICM11 C1 [Farrow, A. M.; Saleh, T. A.; Freibert, F. J.; Bange, M. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Farrow, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM afarrow@lanl.gov OI Freibert, Franz/0000-0003-4434-3446; Saleh, Tarik/0000-0003-2108-4293 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7058 J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER PY 2011 VL 10 BP 3241 EP 3245 DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.535 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BYU61 UT WOS:000300451303044 ER PT S AU Kim, JW Byun, TS AF Kim, Jin Weon Byun, Thak Snag BE Guagliano, M Vergani, L TI Tensile Deformation and Fracture Properties of Irradiated SA533B Steel SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS (ICM11) SE Procedia Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Materials (ICM) CY 2011 CL Como, ITALY DE Irradiation effet; SA533B steel; Deformation behavior; Frcature; Finite element simulation ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; PLASTIC INSTABILITY; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; DOSE DEPENDENCE; PROTON; METALS AB Irradiation effects on the stable and unstable deformation behavior and fracture properties of SA533B steel have been studied in detail based on the equivalent true stress versus true strain curves. An iterative finite element simulation technique was used to obtain the equivalent true stress-true strain curves from experimental load-displacement data. The results showed the localized necking occurs without diffuse necking for high dose irradiated cases that showed negligible uniform ductility in engineering stress-strain curves. Slope of true stress-strain curves was still positive during the unstable necking deformation regardless of irradiation dose level, and the slope considerably varied with necking mode change rather than with irradiation dose level. The equivalent fracture stress decreased with increase in dose level up to 0.1dpa and slightly increased above dose level. The equivalent fracture strain decreased with increasing dose level up to 0.1dpa and then decreased at lower rate, but it was still high after high dose irradiation exposure even if uniform ductility was almost zero. These dose dependences of tensile fracture stress and fracture strain are related with the fact that density of irradiation induced defects increases with increasing dose and is saturated at dose around 0.05dpa. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of ICM11 C1 [Kim, Jin Weon] Chosun Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Kwangju, South Korea. [Byun, Thak Snag] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kim, JW (reprint author), Chosun Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Kwangju, South Korea. EM jwkim@chosun.ac.kr FU KESRI; MKE (Ministry of Knowledge Economy) FX This work has been supported by KESRI, which is funded by MKE (Ministry of Knowledge Economy). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7058 J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER PY 2011 VL 10 BP 3417 EP 3422 DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.563 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BYU61 UT WOS:000300451303072 ER PT S AU Garfield, TT Richins, WD Larson, TK Pantelides, CP Blakeley, JE AF Garfield, T. T. Richins, W. D. Larson, T. K. Pantelides, C. P. Blakeley, J. E. BE Guagliano, M Vergani, L TI Performance of RC and FRC Wall Panels Reinforced with Mild Steel and GFRP Composites in Blast Events SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS (ICM11) SE Procedia Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Materials (ICM) CY 2011 CL Como, ITALY DE Concrete panels; Fiber reinforced concrete; Glass fiber reinforced polymer; Rehabilitation; Steel AB The structural integrity of reinforced concrete structures in blast events is important for critical facilities. This paper presents experimental data generated for calibrating detailed finite element models that predict the performance of reinforced concrete wall panels with a wide range of construction details under blast loading. The test specimens were 1.2 m square wall panels constructed using Normal Weight Concrete (NWC) or Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC). FRC consists of macro-synthetic fibers dispersed in NWC. Five types of panels were tested: NWC panels with steel bar reinforcement (Type A); FRC panels without additional reinforcement (Type B); FRC panels with steel bar reinforcement (Type C); NWC panels with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar reinforcement (Type D); and NWC panels reinforced with steel bar reinforcement and external bidirectional GFRP overlays on both faces (Type E). Three additional Type D panels were used as control specimens (CON). Each panel type was constructed with three thicknesses: 152 mm, 254 mm, and 356 mm. The panels were instrumented with strain gauges, and accelerometers; in addition, pressure sensors and high speed video were employed during the blast events. Panel types C and E had the best performance, whereas panel type B did not perform well. Preliminary dynamic simulations show crack patterns similar to the experimental results. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of ICM11 C1 [Richins, W. D.; Larson, T. K.; Blakeley, J. E.] Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Garfield, T. T.; Pantelides, C. P.] Univ Utah, Dept Civil Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Richins, WD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM William.Richins@inl.gov FU Messrs. Griffith and Schondel at Idaho National Laboratory National Security Test Range and auxiliary staff at the University of Utah; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Messrs. Griffith and Schondel at Idaho National Laboratory National Security Test Range and auxiliary staff at the University of Utah. The authors would like to thank the following companies: Hanson Structural Precast of Salt Lake City, Utah for assistance with construction and transportation of the specimens, SikaUSA for the GFRP laminates, Propex for the Macro-synthetic fibers, and Hughes Brothers Inc. for the GFRP bars. This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7058 J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER PY 2011 VL 10 BP 3534 EP 3539 DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.581 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BYU61 UT WOS:000300451303090 ER PT S AU Adelman-McCarthy, J Gutsche, O Haas, JD Prosper, HB Dutta, V Gomez-Ceballos, G Hahn, K Klute, M Mohapatra, A Spinoso, V Kcira, D Caudron, J Liao, JH Pin, A Schul, N De Lentdecker, G McCartin, J Vanelderen, L Janssen, X Tsyganov, A Barge, D Lahiff, A AF Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer Gutsche, Oliver Haas, Jeffrey D. Prosper, Harrison B. Dutta, Valentina Gomez-Ceballos, Guillelmo Hahn, Kristian Klute, Markus Mohapatra, Ajit Spinoso, Vincenzo Kcira, Dorian Caudron, Julien Liao, Junhui Pin, Arnaud Schul, Nicolas De Lentdecker, Gilles McCartin, Joseph Vanelderen, Lukas Janssen, Xavier Tsyganov, Andrey Barge, Derek Lahiff, Andrew GP IOP TI CMS distributed computing workflow experience SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The vast majority of the CMS Computing capacity, which is organized in a tiered hierarchy, is located away from CERN. The 7 Tier-1 sites archive the LHC proton-proton collision data that is initially processed at CERN. These sites provide access to all recorded and simulated data for the Tier-2 sites, via wide-area network (WAN) transfers. All central data processing workflows are executed at the Tier-1 level, which contain re-reconstruction and skimming workflows of collision data as well as reprocessing of simulated data to adapt to changing detector conditions. This paper describes the operation of the CMS processing infrastructure at the Tier-1 level. The Tier-1 workflows are described in detail. The operational optimization of resource usage is described. In particular, the variation of different workflows during the data taking period of 2010, their efficiencies and latencies as well as their impact on the delivery of physics results is discussed and lessons are drawn from this experience. The simulation of proton-proton collisions for the CMS experiment is primarily carried out at the second tier of the CMS computing infrastructure. Half of the Tier-2 sites of CMS are reserved for central Monte Carlo (MC) production while the other half is available for user analysis. This paper summarizes the large throughput of the MC production operation during the data taking period of 2010 and discusses the latencies and efficiencies of the various types of MC production workflows. We present the operational procedures to optimize the usage of available resources and we the operational model of CMS for including opportunistic resources, such as the larger Tier-3 sites, into the central production operation. C1 [Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer; Gutsche, Oliver] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Adelman-McCarthy, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; OI Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072019 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072019 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200019 ER PT S AU Bauerdick, LAT Eulisse, G Jones, CD Kovalskyi, D McCauley, T Tadel, AM Muelmenstaedt, J Osborne, I Tadel, M Tu, Y Yagil, A AF Bauerdick, L. A. T. Eulisse, G. Jones, C. D. Kovalskyi, D. McCauley, T. Tadel, A. Mrak Muelmenstaedt, J. Osborne, I. Tadel, M. Tu, Y. Yagil, A. GP IOP TI Event Display for the Visualization of CMS Events SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB During the last year the CMS experiment engaged in consolidation of its existing event display programs. The core of the new system is based on the Fireworks event display program which was by-design directly integrated with the CMS Event Data Model (EDM) and the light version of the software framework (FWLite). The Event Visualization Environment (EVE) of the ROOT framework is used to manage a consistent set of 3D and 2D views, selection, user-feedback and user-interaction with the graphics windows; several EVE components were developed by CMS in collaboration with the ROOT project. In event display operation simple plugins are registered into the system to perform conversion from EDM collections into their visual representations which are then managed by the application. Full event navigation and filtering as well as collection-level filtering is supported. The same data-extraction principle can also be applied when Fireworks will eventually operate as a service within the full software framework. C1 [Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Eulisse, G.; Jones, C. D.; McCauley, T.; Osborne, I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bauerdick, LAT (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM fireworks@cern.ch NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072039 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072039 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200039 ER PT S AU Brown, D Corvo, M Di Simone, A Fella, A Luppi, E Paoloni, E Stroili, R Tomassetti, L AF Brown, D. Corvo, M. Di Simone, A. Fella, A. Luppi, E. Paoloni, E. Stroili, R. Tomassetti, L. GP IOP TI The distributed production system of the SuperB project: description and results SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN ID DETECTOR AB The SuperB experiment needs large samples of MonteCarlo simulated events in order to finalize the detector design and to estimate the data analysis performances. The requirements are beyond the capabilities of a single computing farm, so a distributed production model capable of exploiting the existing HEP worldwide distributed computing infrastructure is needed. In this paper we describe the set of tools that have been developed to manage the production of the required simulated events. The production of events follows three main phases: distribution of input data files to the remote site Storage Elements (SE); job submission, via SuperB GANGA interface, to all available remote sites; output files transfer to CNAF repository. The job workflow includes procedures for consistency checking, monitoring, data handling and bookkeeping. A replication mechanism allows storing the job output on the local site SE. Results from 2010 official productions are reported. C1 [Brown, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brown, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM armando.fella@pi.infn.it RI Fella, Armando/K-7315-2012; Tomassetti, Luca/G-5065-2012; Di Simone, Andrea/K-6609-2013; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015 OI Fella, Armando/0000-0001-5076-7750; Tomassetti, Luca/0000-0003-4184-1335; Di Simone, Andrea/0000-0003-0201-3377; Paoloni, Eugenio/0000-0001-5969-8712; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072048 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072048 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200048 ER PT S AU Gottschalk, EE AF Gottschalk, Erik E. GP IOP TI A prototype for JDEM science data processing SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Fermilab is developing a prototype science data processing and data quality monitoring system for dark energy science. The purpose of the prototype is to demonstrate distributed data processing capabilities for astrophysics applications, and to evaluate candidate technologies for trade-off studies. We present the architecture and technical aspects of the prototype, including an open source scientific execution and application development framework, distributed data processing, and publish/subscribe message passing for quality control. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gottschalk, EE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM erik@fnal.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072016 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072016 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200016 ER PT S AU Klimentov, A Nevski, P Potekhin, M Wenaus, T AF Klimentov, A. Nevski, P. Potekhin, M. Wenaus, T. GP IOP TI The ATLAS PanDA Monitoring System and its Evolution SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The PanDA (Production and Distributed Analysis) Workload Management System is used for ATLAS distributed production and analysis worldwide. The needs of ATLAS global computing imposed challenging requirements on the design of PanDA in areas such as scalability, robustness, automation, diagnostics, and usability for both production shifters and analysis users. Through a system-wide job database, the PanDA monitor provides a comprehensive and coherent view of the system and job execution, from high level summaries to detailed drill-down job diagnostics. It is (like the rest of PanDA) an Apache-based Python application backed by Oracle. The presentation layer is HTML code generated on the fly in the Python application which is also responsible for managing database queries. However, this approach is lacking in user interface flexibility, simplicity of communication with external systems, and ease of maintenance. A decision was therefore made to migrate the PanDA monitor server to Django Web Application Framework and apply JSON/AJAX technology in the browser front end. This allows us to greatly reduce the amount of application code, separate data preparation from presentation, leverage open source for tools such as authentication and authorization mechanisms, and provide a richer and more dynamic user experience. We describe our approach, design and initial experience with the migration process. C1 [Klimentov, A.; Nevski, P.; Potekhin, M.; Wenaus, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Potekhin, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM potekhin@bnl.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072058 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072058 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200058 ER PT S AU Maeno, T De, K Wenaus, T Nilsson, P Stewart, GA Walker, R Stradling, A Caballero, J Potekhin, M Smith, D AF Maeno, T. De, K. Wenaus, T. Nilsson, P. Stewart, G. A. Walker, R. Stradling, A. Caballero, J. Potekhin, M. Smith, D. CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IOP TI Overview of ATLAS PanDA Workload Management SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The Production and Distributed Analysis System (PanDA) plays a key role in the ATLAS distributed computing infrastructure. All ATLAS Monte-Carlo simulation and data reprocessing jobs pass through the PanDA system. We will describe how PanDA manages job execution on the grid using dynamic resource estimation and data replication together with intelligent brokerage in order to meet the scaling and automation requirements of ATLAS distributed computing. PanDA is also the primary ATLAS system for processing user and group analysis jobs, bringing further requirements for quick, flexible adaptation to the rapidly evolving analysis use cases of the early datataking phase, in addition to the high reliability, robustness and usability needed to provide efficient and transparent utilization of the grid for analysis users. We will describe how PanDA meets ATLAS requirements, the evolution of the system in light of operational experience, how the system has performed during the first LHC data-taking phase and plans for the future. C1 [Maeno, T.; Wenaus, T.; Caballero, J.; Potekhin, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Maeno, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tmaeno@bnl.gov RI De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013 OI De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489 NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072024 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072024 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200024 ER PT S AU Panitkin, SY Hollowell, C Ma, H Ye, S AF Panitkin, S. Y. Hollowell, C. Ma, H. Ye, S. CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IOP TI Experience with PROOF-Lite in ATLAS data analysis SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB We discuss our experience with PROOF-Lite in a context of ATLAS Collaboration physics analysis of data obtained during the LHC physics run of 2009-2010. In particular we discuss PROOF-Lite performance in virtual and physical machines, its scalability on different types of multi-core processors and effects of multithreading. We will also describe PROOF-Lite performance with Solid State Drives (SSDs). C1 [Panitkin, S. Y.; Hollowell, C.; Ma, H.; Ye, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Panitkin, SY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072057 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072057 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200057 ER PT S AU Pinkenburg, C AF Pinkenburg, Christopher CA PHENIX Collaboration GP IOP TI Analyzing Ever Growing Datasets in PHENIX SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB After 10 years of running, the PHENIX experiment has by now accumulated more than 700 TB of reconstructed data which are directly used for analysis. Analyzing these amounts of data efficiently requires a coordinated approach. Beginning in 2005 we started to develop a system for the RHIC Atlas Computing Facility (RACF) which allows the efficient analysis of these large data sets. The Analysis Taxi is now the tool which allows any collaborator to process any data set taken since 2003 in weekly passes with turnaround times of typically three to four days. C1 [Pinkenburg, Christopher; PHENIX Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pinkenburg, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM pinkenburg@bnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072027 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072027 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200027 ER PT S AU Vaandering, EW AF Vaandering, E. W. GP IOP TI CMS distributed analysis infrastructure and operations: experience with the first LHC data SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The CMS distributed analysis infrastructure represents a heterogeneous pool of resources distributed across several continents. The resources are harnessed using glite and glidein-based work load management systems (WMS). We provide the operational experience of the analysis workflows using CRAB-based servers interfaced with the underlying WMS. The automatized interaction of the server with the WMS provides a successful analysis workflow. We present the operational experience as well as methods used in CMS to analyze the LHC data. The interaction with CMS Run-registry for Run and luminosity block selections via CRAB is discussed. The variations of different workflows during the LHC data-taking period and the lessons drawn from this experience are also outlined. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Vaandering, EW (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM ewv@fnal.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072035 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072035 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200035 ER PT S AU Zhao, X Hover, J Wlodek, T Wenaus, T Frey, J Tannenbaum, T Livny, M AF Zhao, Xin Hover, John Wlodek, Tomasz Wenaus, Torre Frey, Jaime Tannenbaum, Todd Livny, Miron CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IOP TI PanDA Pilot Submission using Condor-G: Experience and Improvements SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB PanDA (Production and Distributed Analysis) is the workload management system of the ATLAS experiment, used to run managed production and user analysis jobs on the grid. As a late-binding, pilot-based system, the maintenance of a smooth and steady stream of pilot jobs to all grid sites is critical for PanDA operation. The ATLAS Computing Facility (ACF) at BNL, as the ATLAS Tier1 center in the US, operates the pilot submission systems for the US. This is done using the PanDA "AutoPilot" scheduler component which submits pilot jobs via Condor-G, a grid job scheduling system developed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In this paper, we discuss the operation and performance of the Condor-G pilot submission at BNL, with emphasis on the challenges and issues encountered in the real grid production environment. With the close collaboration of Condor and PanDA teams, the scalability and stability of the overall system has been greatly improved over the last year. We review improvements made to Condor-G resulting from this collaboration, including isolation of site-based issues by running a separate Gridmanager for each remote site, introduction of the 'Nonessential' job attribute to allow Condor to optimize its behavior for the specific character of pilot jobs, better understanding and handling of the Gridmonitor process, as well as better scheduling in the PanDA pilot scheduler component. We will also cover the monitoring of the health of the system. C1 [Zhao, Xin; Hover, John; Wlodek, Tomasz; Wenaus, Torre] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhao, X (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM xzhao@bnl.gov; jhover@bnl.gov NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 072069 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/7/072069 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF07 UT WOS:000301299200069 ER PT S AU Aguayo, E Avignone, FT Back, HO Barabash, AS Bergevin, M Bertrand, FE Boswell, M Brudanin, V Busch, M Chan, YD Christofferson, CD Collar, JI Combs, DC Cooper, RJ Detwiler, JA Doe, PJ Efremenko, Y Egorov, V Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Esterline, J Fast, JE Fields, N Finnerty, P Fraenkle, FM Gehman, VM Giovanetti, GK Green, MP Guiseppe, VE Gusey, K Hallin, AL Hazama, R Henning, R Hime, A Hoppe, EW Horton, M Howard, S Howe, MA Johnson, RA Keeter, KJ Keillor, ME Keller, C Kephart, JD Kidd, MF Knecht, A Kochetov, O Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT LaFerriere, BD LaRoque, BH Leon, J Leviner, LE Loach, JC MacMullin, S Marino, MG Martin, RD Mei, DM Merriman, JH Miller, ML Mizouni, L Nomachi, M Orrell, JL Overman, NR Phillips, DG Poon, AWP Perumpilly, G Prior, G Radford, DC Rielage, K Robertson, RGH Ronquest, MC Schubert, AG Shima, T Shirchenko, M Snavely, KJ Sobolev, V Steele, D Strain, J Thomas, K Timkin, V Tornow, W Vanyushin, I Varner, RL Vetter, K Vorren, K Wilkerson, JF Wolfe, BA Yakushev, E Young, AR Yu, CH Yumatov, V Zhang, C AF Aguayo, E. Avignone, F. T., III Back, H. O. Barabash, A. S. Bergevin, M. Bertrand, F. E. Boswell, M. Brudanin, V. Busch, M. Chan, Y-D. Christofferson, C. D. Collar, J. I. Combs, D. C. Cooper, R. J. Detwiler, J. A. Doe, P. J. Efremenko, Yu Egorov, V. Ejiri, H. Elliott, S. R. Esterline, J. Fast, J. E. Fields, N. Finnerty, P. Fraenkle, F. M. Gehman, V. M. Giovanetti, G. K. Green, M. P. Guiseppe, V. E. Gusey, K. Hallin, A. L. Hazama, R. Henning, R. Hime, A. Hoppe, E. W. Horton, M. Howard, S. Howe, M. A. Johnson, R. A. Keeter, K. J. Keillor, M. E. Keller, C. Kephart, J. D. Kidd, M. F. Knecht, A. Kochetov, O. Konovalov, S. I. Kouzes, R. T. LaFerriere, B. D. LaRoque, B. H. Leon, J. Leviner, L. E. Loach, J. C. MacMullin, S. Marino, M. G. Martin, R. D. Mei, D. -M. Merriman, J. H. Miller, M. L. Mizouni, L. Nomachi, M. Orrell, J. L. Overman, N. R. Phillips, D. G., II Poon, A. W. P. Perumpilly, G. Prior, G. Radford, D. C. Rielage, K. Robertson, R. G. H. Ronquest, M. C. Schubert, A. G. Shima, T. Shirchenko, M. Snavely, K. J. Sobolev, V. Steele, D. Strain, J. Thomas, K. Timkin, V. Tornow, W. Vanyushin, I. Varner, R. L. Vetter, K. Vorren, K. Wilkerson, J. F. Wolfe, B. A. Yakushev, E. Young, A. R. Yu, C. -H. Yumatov, V. Zhang, C. BE Civitarese, O Stekl, I Suhonen, J TI The MAJORANA Experiment SO WORKSHOP ON CALCULATION OF DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY MATRIX ELEMENTS (MEDEX '11) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Calculation of Double-Beta-Decay Matrix Elements (MEDEX) CY JUN 13-16, 2011 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Integrated Large Infrastructures Astroparticle Sci (EU-ILIAS) DE neutrino; double-beta; germanium ID DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; GRAN-SASSO 1990-2003; NEUTRINO MASS; DETECTOR; SEARCH; GE-76; ACQUISITION AB The MAJORANA collaboration is actively pursuing research and development aimed at a tonne-scale Ge-76 neutrinoless double-beta decay (beta beta(0 nu)-decay) experiment. The current, primary focus is the construction of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment, an R&D effort that will field approximately 40kg of germanium detectors with mixed enrichment levels. This article provides a status update on the construction of the DEMONSTRATOR. C1 [Aguayo, E.; Fast, J. E.; Hoppe, E. W.; Keillor, M. E.; Kephart, J. D.; Kouzes, R. T.; LaFerriere, B. D.; Merriman, J. H.; Mizouni, L.; Orrell, J. L.; Overman, N. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aguayo, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI radford, David/A-3928-2015; Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016; OI Rielage, Keith/0000-0002-7392-7152; Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030; Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868; Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217; Marino, Michael/0000-0003-1226-6036 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0994-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1417 DI 10.1063/1.3671044 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZF22 UT WOS:000301338200018 ER PT S AU Livescu, D Wei, T Petersen, MR AF Livescu, D. Wei, T. Petersen, M. R. BE Bajer, K Kopec, J Kursa, M Kwiatkowski, K Podziemski, P TI Direct Numerical Simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO 13TH EUROPEAN TURBULENCE CONFERENCE (ETC13): CONVECTION, ROTATION, STRATIFICATION AND BUOYANCY EFFECTS SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th European Turbulence Conference (ETC) CY SEP 12-15, 2011 CL Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, POLAND HO Univ Warsaw ID TURBULENCE; TRANSITION AB The development of the Rayleigh-Taylor mixing layer is studied using data from an extensive new set of Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), performed on the 0.5 Petaflops, 150k compute cores BG/L Dawn supercomputer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. This includes a suite of simulations with grid size of 1024(2) x 4608 and Atwood number ranging from 0.04 to 0.9, in order to examine small departures from the Boussinesq approximation as well as large Atwood number effects, and a high resolution simulation of grid size 4096(2) x 4032 and Atwood number of 0.75. After the layer width had developed substantially, additional branched simulations have been run under reversed and zero gravity conditions. While the bulk of the results will be published elsewhere, here we present preliminary results on: 1) the long-standing open question regarding the discrepancy between the numerically and experimentally measured mixing layer growth rates and 2) mixing characteristics. C1 [Livescu, D.; Wei, T.; Petersen, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Livescu, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM livescu@lanl.gov OI Livescu, Daniel/0000-0003-2367-1547; Petersen, Mark/0000-0001-7170-7511 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 318 AR 082007 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/318/8/082007 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA BZE11 UT WOS:000301224000007 ER PT S AU Zhang, ST Huang, JZ Uzunbas, M Shen, T Delis, F Huang, XL Volkow, N Thanos, P Metaxas, D AF Zhang, Shaoting Huang, Junzhou Uzunbas, Mustafa Shen, Tian Delis, Foteini Huang, Xiaolei Volkow, Nora Thanos, Panayotis Metaxas, Dimitris GP IEEE TI 3D SEGMENTATION OF RODENT BRAIN STRUCTURES USING ACTIVE VOLUME MODEL WITH SHAPE PRIORS SO 2011 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING: FROM NANO TO MACRO SE IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Elect & Electron Engn, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE Segmentation; deformable models; Active Volume Model; Active Shape Model; Shape prior; rodent brain ID SNAKES AB Object boundary extraction is an important task in brain image analysis. Acquiring detailed 3D representations of the brain structures could improve the detection rate of diseases at earlier stages. Deformable model based segmentation methods have been widely used with considerable success. Recently, 3D Active Volume Model (AVM) was proposed, which incorporates both gradient and region information for robustness. However, the segmentation performance of this model depends on the position, size and shape of the initialization, especially for data with complex texture. Furthermore, there is no shape prior information integrated. In this paper, we present an approach combining AVM and Active Shape Model (ASM). Our method uses shape information from training data to constrain the deformation of AVM. Experiments have been made on the segmentation of complex structures of the rodent brain from MR images, and the proposed method performed better than the original AVM. C1 [Zhang, Shaoting; Huang, Junzhou; Uzunbas, Mustafa; Metaxas, Dimitris] Rutgers State Univ, CBIM, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Shen, Tian; Huang, Xiaolei] Lehigh Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Delis, Foteini; Volkow, Nora; Thanos, Panayotis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, ST (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, CBIM, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1945-7928 BN 978-1-4244-4128-0 J9 I S BIOMED IMAGING PY 2011 BP 433 EP 436 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BYH79 UT WOS:000298849400098 ER PT S AU Han, J Chang, H Loss, L Zhang, K Baehner, FL Gray, JW Spellman, P Parvin, B AF Han, Ju Chang, Hang Loss, Leandro Zhang, Kai Baehner, Fredrick L. Gray, Joe W. Spellman, Paul Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI COMPARISON OF SPARSE CODING AND KERNEL METHODS FOR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF GLIOBASTOMA MULTIFORME SO 2011 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING: FROM NANO TO MACRO SE IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Elect & Electron Engn, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE Histology sections; sparse coding; dictionary learning; kernel methods ID PROSTATE-CANCER; IMAGES; DIAGNOSIS AB This paper compares the performance of redundant representation and sparse coding against classical kernel methods for classifying histological sections. Sparse coding has been proven an effective technique for restoration, and has recently been extended to classification. The main issue with histology sections classification is inherent heterogeneity, which is a result of technical and biological variations. Technical variations originate from sample preparation, fixation, and staining from multiple laboratories, whereas biological variations originate from tissue content. Image patches are represented with invariant features at local and global scales, where local refers to responses measured with Laplacian of Gaussians, and global refers to measurements in the color space. Experiments are designed to learn dictionaries through sparse coding, and to train classifiers through kernel methods using normal, necrotic, apoptotic, and tumor regions with characteristics of high cellularity. Two different kernel methods, that of a support vector machine (SVM) and a kernel discriminant analysis (KDA), were used for comparative analysis. Preliminary investigation on the histological samples of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) indicates the kernel methods perform as good, if not better, than sparse coding with redundant representation. C1 [Han, Ju; Chang, Hang; Loss, Leandro; Zhang, Kai; Baehner, Fredrick L.; Gray, Joe W.; Spellman, Paul; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1945-7928 BN 978-1-4244-4128-0 J9 I S BIOMED IMAGING PY 2011 BP 711 EP 714 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BYH79 UT WOS:000298849400164 ER PT S AU Bigelow, TA Labyed, Y McFarlin, BL Sen-Gupta, E O'Brien, WD AF Bigelow, Timothy A. Labyed, Yassin McFarlin, Barbra L. Sen-Gupta, Ellora O'Brien, William D., Jr. GP IEEE TI COMPARISON OF ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIMATING ULTRASOUND ATTENUATION WHEN PREDICTING CERVICAL REMODELING IN A RAT MODEL SO 2011 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING: FROM NANO TO MACRO SE IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Elect & Electron Engn, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE ultrasound imaging; tissue characterization ID SLOPE AB The future of biomedical imaging involves obtaining quantitative diagnostic information about tissue structure and function rather than just relying on qualitative structural assessments. Ultrasound attenuation or loss of signal within tissue can be used to quantify micro-structural changes in the tissue consistent with cervical remodeling. In order to obtain the best estimates, the algorithms used to estimate ultrasound attenuation (spectral log difference method, spectral difference method, and hybrid method) need to be optimized and compared. In this study, the effects of the inhomogeneities within the ROI on the accuracy of the 3 algorithms were studied, and the optimal ROI size (number of independent echoes laterally and number of pulse lengths axially) was quantified for each method. The conclusions were then validated by analyzing an ultrasound image of a pregnant rat cervix from a custom-made high-frequency ultrasound imaging system. C1 [Bigelow, Timothy A.; Labyed, Yassin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Labyed, Yassin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [McFarlin, Barbra L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Women Children & Family Hlth Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Sen-Gupta, Ellora] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bioacoust Res Lab, Chicago, IL USA. RP Bigelow, TA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FU National Institutes of Health [R21HD058705-01A2]; NIH [R01CA111289]; Iowa State University; University of llinois Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational ience [KL2-RR029877]; National Center for Research Resources [UL1RR029879] FX This project was supported by a subcontract with the niversity of Illinois-Chicago made possible by Grant # R21HD058705-01A2 from the National Institutes of Health, y NIH Grant R01CA111289, by Iowa State University, and by grant # KL2-RR029877 from the University of llinois Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational ience supported by Award Number UL1RR029879 from he National Center for Research Resources. The content is olely the responsibility of the authors and does not ecessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1945-7928 BN 978-1-4244-4128-0 J9 I S BIOMED IMAGING PY 2011 BP 883 EP 886 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BYH79 UT WOS:000298849400204 ER PT S AU Chartrand, R Sidky, EY Pan, XC AF Chartrand, Rick Sidky, Emil Y. Pan, Xiaochuan GP IEEE TI FREQUENCY EXTRAPOLATION BY NONCONVEX COMPRESSIVE SENSING SO 2011 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING: FROM NANO TO MACRO SE IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Elect & Electron Engn, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE Frequency extrapolation; aliasing; Fourier transform imaging; MRI; compressive sensing ID IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; BEAM CT; ALGORITHM; MINIMIZATION AB Tomographic imaging modalities sample subjects with a discrete, finite set of measurements, while the underlying object function is continuous. Because of this, inversion of the imaging model, even under ideal conditions, necessarily entails approximation. The error incurred by this approximation can be important when there is rapid variation in the object function or when the objects of interest are small. In this work, we investigate this issue with the Fourier transform (FT), which can be taken as the imaging model for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or some forms of wave imaging. Compressive sensing has been successful for inverting this data model when only a sparse set of samples are available. We apply the compressive sensing principle to a somewhat related problem of frequency extrapolation, where the object function is represented by a super-resolution grid with many more pixels than FT measurements. The image on the super-resolution grid is obtained through nonconvex minimization. The method fully utilizes the available FT samples, while controlling aliasing and ringing. The algorithm is demonstrated with continuous FT samples of the Shepp-Logan phantom with additional small, high-contrast objects. C1 [Chartrand, Rick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sidky, Emil Y.; Pan, Xiaochuan] Univ Chicago, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Chartrand, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Chartrand, Rick/0000-0003-3256-2238 FU U.S. Department of Energy; NIH [R01CA120540, R01EB000225, R01CA112163] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program.; This work was supported in part by NIH grants R01CA120540, R01EB000225, and R01CA112163. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official NIH view NR 17 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1945-7928 BN 978-1-4244-4128-0 J9 I S BIOMED IMAGING PY 2011 BP 1056 EP 1060 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BYH79 UT WOS:000298849400242 ER PT S AU Giancardo, L Meriaudeau, F Karnowski, TP Li, Y Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Giancardo, L. Meriaudeau, F. Karnowski, T. P. Li, Y. Tobin, K. W., Jr. Chaum, E. GP IEEE TI AUTOMATIC RETINA EXUDATES SEGMENTATION WITHOUT A MANUALLY LABELLED TRAINING SET SO 2011 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING: FROM NANO TO MACRO SE IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Elect & Electron Engn, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE fundus image database; segmentation; computer-aided diagnosis; retina normalisation ID COLOR FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHS; DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; CONTRAST NORMALIZATION; NEURAL-NETWORK; IMAGES; DIAGNOSIS AB Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common vision threatening complication of diabetic retinopathy which can be assessed by detecting exudates (a type of bright lesion) in fundus images. In this work, two new methods for the detection of exudates are presented which do not use a supervised learning step; therefore, they do not require labelled lesion training sets which are time consuming to create, difficult to obtain and prone to human error. We introduce a new dataset of fundus images from various ethnic groups and levels of DME which we have made publicly available. We evaluate our algorithm with this dataset and compare our results with two recent exudate segmentation algorithms. In all of our tests, our algorithms perform better or comparable with an order of magnitude reduction in computational time. C1 [Giancardo, L.; Meriaudeau, F.] Univ Burgundy, Dijon, France. [Giancardo, L.; Karnowski, T. P.; Tobin, K. W., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Li, Y.; Chaum, E.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Giancardo, L (reprint author), Univ Burgundy, Dijon, France. OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 FU Oak: Ridge National Laboratory; National Eye Institute [EYOI7065]; Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), New York, NY; Fight for Sight, New York, NY; Plough Foundation, Memphis, TN; Regional Burgundy Council FX These studies were supported in part by grants from Oak: Ridge National Laboratory, the National Eye Institute, (EYOI7065), by an unrestricted UTHSC Departmental grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), New York, NY, Fight for Sight, New York, NY, by The Plough Foundation, Memphis, TN and by the Regional Burgundy Council, France. Dr. Chaum is an RPB Senior Scientist. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1945-7928 BN 978-1-4244-4128-0 J9 I S BIOMED IMAGING PY 2011 BP 1396 EP 1400 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BYH79 UT WOS:000298849400318 ER PT J AU Punnoose, RJ Jacklin, N Counsil, D AF Punnoose, Ratish J. Jacklin, Neil Counsil, David GP IEEE TI Spatially focusing a radio signal and simultaneously nulling it at another location using time-reversal signal processing SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD AB Phased array antenna techniques for beam-forming are thwarted in a cluttered environment. The time-reversal method utilizes the clutter (and associated multipath) to focus beyond the Rayleigh limit. This method makes use of the reciprocity of wireless propagation channels. Time-reversal can also be used to null signals, either to reduce unintentional interference or to prevent eavesdropping. We present a simple technique that nulls the transmitted signal at a specific location, while simultaneously focusing the signal at a desired location. This technique can also be used for the reverse problem of reception of a desired signal while nulling out an interfering source. C1 [Punnoose, Ratish J.; Jacklin, Neil; Counsil, David] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Punnoose, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. EM rjpunno@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 401 EP 405 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500069 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Shi, Y Hou, YT Kompella, S Midkiff, SF AF Sharma, Sushant Shi, Yi Hou, Y. Thomas Kompella, Sastry Midkiff, Scott F. GP IEEE TI Optimal Grouping and Matching for Network-Coded Cooperative Communications SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD DE Cooperative communications; network coding; grouping; node selection; matching; optimization ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; RELAY NETWORKS; DIVERSITY AB Network-coded cooperative communications (NCCC) is a new advance in wireless networking that exploits network coding (NC) to improve the performance of cooperative communications (CC). However, there remains very limited understanding of this new hybrid technology, particularly at the link layer and above. This paper fills in this gap by studying a network optimization problem that requires joint optimization of session grouping, relay node grouping, and matching of session/relay groups. After showing that this problem is NP-hard, we present a polynomial time heuristic algorithm to this problem. Using simulation results, we show that our algorithm is highly competitive and can produce near-optimal results. C1 [Sharma, Sushant] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Shi, Yi; Hou, Y. Thomas; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sharma, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Midkiff, Scott/0000-0003-4933-7360 FU NSF [CNS-1064953]; ONR FX The work of Y.T. Hou, S.F. Midkiff, S. Sharma, and Y. Shi was supported in part by NSF under Grant CNS-1064953. The work of S. Kompella was supported in part by the ONR. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 722 EP 728 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500123 ER PT J AU Ma, X Djouadi, SM Crilly, P Sahyoun, S Smith, SF AF Ma, Xiao Djouadi, Seddik M. Crilly, Paul Sahyoun, Samir Smith, Stephen F. GP IEEE TI Improved Localization in GPS-Denied Environments using an Autoregressive Model and a Generalized Linear Model SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD ID PREDICTION AB The Theater Positioning System (TPS), which can perform in GPS-denied environments and can work with, or independently of, GPS systems, was presented in [1]. The principal difficulty in optimally combining this new system and GPS is introduced by the environment, which may impart somewhat unpredictable transmission delays to the signal and thus results in less accurate performance when TPS works unaided in the environment while GPS is unavailable. In this paper, we propose two methods-an autoregressive process and a generalized linear model to model the transmission delays generated in TPS signal propagation. Using those, the unknown signal delays can be predicted and thus can be employed in the subsequent localization process. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the performance of both methods proposed in this paper. C1 [Ma, Xiao; Djouadi, Seddik M.; Crilly, Paul; Sahyoun, Samir] Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Smith, Stephen F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ma, X (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM xma4@utk.edu; djouadi@eecs.utk.edu; crilly@utk.edu; ssahyoun@utk.edu; smithsf@ornl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 760 EP 765 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500129 ER PT J AU Berry, J Oster, M Phillips, C Plimpton, S AF Berry, Jonathan Oster, Matthew Phillips, Cynthia Plimpton, Steven GP IEEE TI Challenges in Streaming Graph Analysis SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD C1 [Berry, Jonathan; Phillips, Cynthia; Plimpton, Steven] Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 1318,POB 1318, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Oster, Matthew] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Berry, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 1318,POB 1318, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jberry@sandia.gov; matthewoster@gmail.com; caphill@sandia.gov; sjplimp@sandia.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 1338 EP 1338 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500224 ER PT J AU Bradonjic, M Hagberg, A Pan, F AF Bradonjic, Milan Hagberg, Aric Pan, Feng GP IEEE TI Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks Under Random Node Failures SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD ID 2-TERMINAL RELIABILITY; TERMINAL RELIABILITY; RESILIENCE; COMPLEXITY AB Networked systems are essential to the function of modern society and the consequences of damage to networks can be severe. Assessing the performance of a network is an important step for recovering damaged networks and designing reliable networks. Some of the key general indicators of network performance are connectivity, distance between node pairs, and number of alternative routes. We focus on sensor networks with a topology modeled by a class of random geometric graphs (RGGs). In order to evaluate survivability and reliability, we consider two types of failure modes in a RGG: uniform and localized node failures. Since network performance is multi-faceted, and assessment can be time constrained, we introduce four measures, each of which can be computed in polynomial time, to estimate performance of a damaged RGG. Theoretical analysis of these four measures is challenging, especially when the underlying graph becomes disconnected. The focus of this paper is to conduct simulation experiments on several measures of network performance through the temporal process of node failures. Together with the empirical results the performance measures are analyzed and compared in order to provide understanding of the two different failure scenarios in a RGG. C1 [Bradonjic, Milan] Alcatel Lucent, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. [Hagberg, Aric; Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bradonjic, M (reprint author), Alcatel Lucent, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. EM milan.bradonjic@alcatel-lucent.com; hagberg@lanl.gov; fpan@lanl.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [BRCALL08-A-2-0030]; DOE Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) FX This work has been supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) through grants BRCALL08-A-2-0030, and DOE Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematics. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 1784 EP 1789 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500298 ER PT J AU Pan, F Kasiviswanathan, S AF Pan, Feng Kasiviswanathan, Shiva GP IEEE TI Efficient Placement of Directional Antennas in Infrastructure-based Wireless Networks SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD AB Over the past decade, the use of directional antennas has immensely proliferated in wireless networks. Methodically positioning and orienting directional antennas can help reduce the interference while saving energy. In an infrastructure-based wireless network, wireless devices communicate through base stations. In this setting, directional antennas placed on the base stations form the backbone of the communication network. The wireless devices distributed around the base stations have bandwidth requirements that have to be satisfied by the directional antennas, and antennas constrained by hardware limits can only serve a limited number of devices. This introduces an optimization problem and in this paper, we develop an integer linear program for placing and directing antennas on multiple base stations to minimize the number of antennas required to serve all the wireless bandwidth demands. Through this integer programming formulation, we analyze the performance of directional antennas under various settings. A simulation-based evaluation using Cplex's branch-and-bound algorithm demonstrates the efficacy of our approach and provides us further insights into these problems. C1 [Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kasiviswanathan, Shiva] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Armonk, NY 10504 USA. RP Pan, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 1796 EP 1801 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500300 ER PT J AU Olama, MM Ma, X Kuruganti, TP Smith, SF Djouadi, SM AF Olama, Mohammed M. Ma, Xiao Kuruganti, Teja P. Smith, Stephen F. Djouadi, Seddik M. GP IEEE TI Hybrid DS/FFH Spread-Spectrum: A Robust, Secure Transmission Technique for Communication in Harsh Environments SO 2011 - MILCOM 2011 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY NOV 07-10, 2011 CL Baltimore, MD DE Hybrid spread spectrum; direct sequence; frequency hopping; wide-band jamming; multi-user interference; Rayleigh/Rician fading; Monte Carlo simulation ID MULTIPLE-ACCESS COMMUNICATIONS; RICIAN-FADING CHANNELS; ERROR-PROBABILITY; SEQUENCE AB Spread-spectrum modulation techniques have been adopted for many current and future military communication systems to accommodate high data rates with high link integrity, even in the presence of significant multipath effects and interfering signals. A more recent synergistic combination is a direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) signaling with the use of integrally coordinated frequency hopping (FH) and/or time-hopping (TH) modulation, generically dubbed hybrid spread-spectrum (HSS). A highly useful form of this transmission scheme for many types of command, control, and sensing applications is the specific code-related combination of standard DSSS modulation with "fast" frequency hopping (FFH), wherein multiple frequency hops occur within a single data-bit time. In this paper, detailed error-probability analyses are performed for a hybrid DS/FFH system over standard Gaussian and fading-type channels, progressively including the effects from wide-band, partial-band, and follow-on jamming, multi-user interference and/or varying degrees of Rayleigh and Rician fading. In addition, a simulation-based study of the DS/FFH performance is performed and compared to several forms of existing standard DSSS and FHSS wireless networks. The parameter space of HSS is also explored to further demonstrate the adaptability of the waveform for varied harsh RF signal environments. C1 [Olama, Mohammed M.; Kuruganti, Teja P.; Smith, Stephen F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ma, Xiao; Djouadi, Seddik M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. RP Olama, MM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0081-0 PY 2011 BP 2136 EP 2141 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYT03 UT WOS:000300083500356 ER PT S AU Sun, A Manivannan, A AF Sun, Ann Manivannan, A. BE Smart, MC Manivannan, A Kumta, PN Narayan, SR TI Structural Studies on NaFePO4 as a Cathode Material for Na+/Li+ Mixed-Ion Batteries SO BATTERIES AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (GENERAL)- 219TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Batteries and Energy Technology Joint General Session/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery, Energy Technol ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; POSITIVE ELECTRODE; FEPO4; NA; LI AB NaFePO4 has been synthesized via the Pechini process and the resulting sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Electrochemical properties have been investigated for possible application as cathode in sodium-ion battery. This sample was made into electrode in a coin cell with LiPF6 in organic carbonates as the electrolyte and lithium metal as the counter electrode. Charge/discharge behavior, cyclic voltammetry, and in-situ frequency response analysis were performed. The results obtained demonstrate constant or increase in capacity and consistently low internal resistance with consecutive cycles. C1 [Sun, Ann; Manivannan, A.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Sun, A (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 60 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-292-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 32 BP 3 EP 7 DI 10.1149/1.3655683 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BZF24 UT WOS:000301340300001 ER PT S AU Beringer, J Dahl, O Jackson, K McParland, C Poon, S Robertson, D Zyla, P AF Beringer, J. Dahl, O. Jackson, K. McParland, C. Poon, S. Robertson, D. Zyla, P. GP IOP TI Towards a new PDG computing system SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The computing system that supports the world wide Particle Data Group (PDG) of over 170 authors in the production of the Review of Particle Physics was designed more than 20 years ago. It has reached its scalability and usability limits and can no longer satisfy the requirements and wishes of PDG collaborators and users alike. We discuss the ongoing effort to modernize the PDG computing system, including requirements, architecture and status of implementation. The new system will provide improved user features and will fully support the PDG collaboration from distributed web-based data entry, work flow management, authoring and refereeing to data verification and production of the web edition and manuscript for the publisher. Cross-linking with other HEP information systems will be greatly improved. C1 [Beringer, J.; Dahl, O.; Zyla, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Particle Data Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Beringer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Particle Data Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50R-6008, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JBeringer@lbl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 082001 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/8/082001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZE12 UT WOS:000301224200001 ER PT S AU Malik, S Lassila-Perini, K Hegner, B Vedaee, A Stankevicius, M AF Malik, S. Lassila-Perini, K. Hegner, B. Vedaee, A. Stankevicius, M. GP IOP TI A Perspective of User Support for the CMS Experiment SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) experiment is one of two large general-purpose particle physics detectors at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider). An international collaboration of nearly 3500 people operates this complex detector whose main goal is to answer the most fundamental questions about our universe. The size and globally diversified nature of the collaboration and the Petabytes/year of data being collected, presents a big challenging task in bringing users up to speed to contribute to the physics analysis. The CMS User Support performs this task by helping users quickly learn about the CMS computing and the needed physics analysis tools. In this presentation we give an overview of its goals, organization and usage of collaborative tools to maintain the software and computing documentation and conduct year around tutorials on several physics tools needed as a pre-requisite for physics. We also talk about the user feedback evaluating its work. C1 [Malik, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Malik, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 121,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM malik@fnal.gov OI Malik, Sudhir/0000-0002-6356-2655 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 082006 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/8/082006 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZE12 UT WOS:000301224200006 ER PT S AU Taylor, L AF Taylor, Lucas GP IOP TI CMS Centres Worldwide - a New Collaborative Infrastructure SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The CMS Experiment at the LHC has established a network of more than fifty inter-connected "CMS Centres" at CERN and in institutes in the Americas, Asia, Australasia, and Europe. These facilities are used by people doing CMS detector and computing grid operations, remote shifts, data quality monitoring and analysis, as well as education and outreach. We present the computing, software, and collaborative tools and videoconferencing systems. These include permanently running "telepresence" video links (hardware-based H.323, EVO and Vidyo), Webcasts, and generic Web tools such as CMS-TV for broadcasting live monitoring and outreach information. Being Web-based and experiment-independent, these systems could easily be extended to other organizations. We describe the experiences of using CMS Centres Worldwide in the CMS data-taking operations as well as for major media events with several hundred TV channels, radio stations, and many more press journalists simultaneously around the world. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Taylor, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM Lucas.Taylor@cern.ch NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 082007 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/8/082007 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BZE12 UT WOS:000301224200007 ER PT J AU Konis, K Lee, ES Clear, RD AF Konis, K. Lee, E. S. Clear, R. D. TI Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems for Commercial Buildings using High Resolution Luminance Images SO LEUKOS LA English DT Article DE daylighting; high dynamic range imaging; discomfort glare ID GLARE; WINDOWS AB The objective of this study was to explore how calibrated high dynamic range (HDR) images (luminance maps) acquired in real world daylit environments can be used to characterize, evaluate, and compare visual comfort conditions of innovative facade shading and light-redirecting systems. Detailed (1536 X 1536 pixel) luminance maps were time-lapse acquired from two view positions in an unoccupied full scale testbed facility. These maps were analyzed using existing visual comfort metrics to quantify how innovative interior and exterior shading systems compare to conventional systems under real sun and sky conditions over a solstice-to-solstice test interval. The results provide a case study in the challenges and potential of methods of visualizing, evaluating and summarizing daily and seasonal variation of visual comfort conditions computed from large sets of image data. C1 [Konis, K.; Lee, E. S.; Clear, R. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Konis, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Program, Mailstop 90-3111,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; California Energy Commission FX We would like to thank our LBNL colleagues, Daniel Fuller, Dennis DiBartolomeo, and Chad Howdey Goudey for their assistance on this project. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the California Energy Commission through its Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program on behalf of the citizens of California. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 USA SN 1550-2724 J9 LEUKOS JI Leukos PD JAN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 167 EP 188 DI 10.1582/LEUKOS.2011.07.03003 PG 22 WC Construction & Building Technology; Optics SC Construction & Building Technology; Optics GA 907OG UT WOS:000301426600004 ER PT J AU Lehman, B Wilkins, A Berman, S Poplawski, M Miller, NJ AF Lehman, Brad Wilkins, Arnold Berman, Sam Poplawski, Michael Miller, Naomi Johnson TI Proposing Measures of Flicker in the Low Frequencies for Lighting Applications SO LEUKOS LA English DT Article ID RESPONSES AB The IEEE Standards Working Group, IEEE PAR1789 "Recommending practices for modulating current in High Brightness light emitting diodes (LEDs) for mitigating health risks to viewers" has been formed to advise the lighting industry, ANSI/NEMA, IEC, EnergyStar and other standards groups about the emerging concern of flicker in LED lighting. This paper intends to introduce new measures and definitions of lamp flicker in lighting. The discussion represents on-going work in IEEE PAR1789 that is vital to designing safe LED lamp drivers. C1 [Lehman, Brad] Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wilkins, Arnold] Univ Essex, Visual Percept Unit, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. [Poplawski, Michael; Miller, Naomi Johnson] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Portland, OR USA. RP Lehman, B (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. OI Wilkins, Arnold/0000-0002-9322-0461 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 USA SN 1550-2724 J9 LEUKOS JI Leukos PD JAN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1582/LEUKOS.2010.07.03004 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Optics SC Construction & Building Technology; Optics GA 907OG UT WOS:000301426600005 ER PT S AU Abdullin, KA Beketov, BA Chumikov, GN Mukashev, BN Tamendarov, MF Turmagambetov, TS Page, MR Kline, DM AF Abdullin, Kh. A. Beketov, B. A. Chumikov, G. N. Mukashev, B. N. Tamendarov, M. F. Turmagambetov, T. S. Page, M. R. Kline, D. M. BA Kissinger, G Pizzini, S Tu, H YamadaKaneta, H BF Kissinger, G Pizzini, S Tu, H YamadaKaneta, H TI Compensated silicon crystals by metallurgy route SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 3 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS)/Symposium I on Advanced Silicon Materials Research for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications II/Symposium J on Silicon-Based Nanophotonics CY JUN 08-11, 2010 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc (E-MRS) DE silicon; alumothermic reduction; acid leaching; melting; solidification; metallurgical-grade silicon; polycrystals; monocrystals ID SOLAR GRADE SILICON; INDUSTRY; FEEDSTOCK AB The alumothermic reduction of silica from silicate slag was studied for obtaining a silicon-containing alloy (SCA). A synthetic slag (SS) with composition close to that of phosphorous industry waste (PIW) is used. SS consists of more than 90% silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and less than l0% of other element's oxides. SCA was upgraded by acid leaching up to pure silicon of a fine powder structure. Compensated polyand mono-crystalline silicon, with resistivity from 0.6 (bottom of crystal) to 4 (top of crystal) Ohm . cm, was grown by Czochralski method using this powder. (C) 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Abdullin, Kh. A.; Beketov, B. A.; Chumikov, G. N.; Mukashev, B. N.; Tamendarov, M. F.; Turmagambetov, T. S.] Minist Educ & Sci RK, Inst Phys & Technol, 11 Ibragimov St, Alma Ata 050032, Kazakhstan. [Page, M. R.; Kline, D. M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mukashev, BN (reprint author), Minist Educ & Sci RK, Inst Phys & Technol, 11 Ibragimov St, Alma Ata 050032, Kazakhstan. EM mukashev@sci.kz RI Khabybulla, Abdullyn/B-7207-2015 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 DI 10.1002/pssc.201000099 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA BZG61 UT WOS:000301537100051 ER PT S AU Enkovaara, J Romero, NA Shende, S Mortensen, JJ AF Enkovaara, Jussi Romero, Nichols A. Shende, Sameer Mortensen, Jens J. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI GPAW - massively parallel electronic structure calculations with Python-based software SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE Python; Numpy; MPI; Density-functional theory AB Electronic structure calculations are a widely used tool in materials science and large consumer of supercomputing resources. Traditionally, the software packages for these kind of simulations have been implemented in compiled languages, where Fortran in its different versions has been the most popular choice. While dynamic, interpreted languages, such as Python, can increase the efficiency of programmer, they cannot compete directly with the raw performance of compiled languages. However, by using an interpreted language together with a compiled language, it is possible to have most of the productivity enhancing features together with a good numerical performance. We have used this approach in implementing an electronic structure simulation software GPAW using the combination of Python and C programming languages. While the chosen approach works well in standard workstations and Unix environments, massively parallel supercomputing systems can present some challenges in porting, debugging and profiling the software. In this paper we describe some details of the implementation and discuss the advantages and challenges of the combined Python/C approach. We show that despite the challenges it is possible to obtain good numerical performance and good parallel scalability with Python based software. C1 [Enkovaara, Jussi] CSC IT Ctr Sci Ltd, POB 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland. [Romero, Nichols A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Leadership Comp Facility, Argonne, IL USA. [Shende, Sameer] Univ Oregon, Performance Res Lab, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Mortensen, Jens J.] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Design, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Enkovaara, J (reprint author), CSC IT Ctr Sci Ltd, POB 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.003 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200002 ER PT S AU Vatsavai, RR Symons, CT Chandola, V Jun, G AF Vatsavai, Ranga R. Symons, Christopher T. Chandola, Varun Jun, Goo BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI GX-Means: A model-based divide and merge algorithm for geospatial image clustering SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE Clustering; EM; GMM; K-means; G-means; X-means AB One of the practical issues in clustering is the specification of the appropriate number of clusters, which is not obvious when analyzing geospatial datasets, partly because they are huge (both in size and spatial extent) and high dimensional. In this paper we present a computationally efficient model-based split and merge clustering algorithm that incrementally finds model parameters and the number of clusters. Additionally, we attempt to provide insights into this problem and other data mining challenges that are encountered when clustering geospatial data. The basic algorithm we present is similar to the G-means and X-means algorithms; however, our proposed approach avoids certain limitations of these well-known clustering algorithms that are pertinent when dealing with geospatial data. We compare the performance of our approach with the G-means and X-means algorithms. Experimental evaluation on simulated data and on multispectral and hyperspectral remotely sensed image data demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithm. C1 [Vatsavai, Ranga R.; Symons, Christopher T.; Chandola, Varun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jun, Goo] Univ Michigan, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Vatsavai, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vatsavairr@ornl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Jun, Goo/M-5235-2016; Jun, Goo/F-1941-2017 OI Jun, Goo/0000-0003-0891-0204; Jun, Goo/0000-0003-0891-0204 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 186 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.020 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200019 ER PT S AU Chen, J Safro, I AF Chen, Jie Safro, Ilya BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI A measure of the local connectivity between graph vertices SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE connectivity; algebraic distance; combinatorial scientific computing; computational graph problems ID SPARSE MATRICES; EIGENVECTORS; REDUCTION; ALGORITHM AB Measuring the connectivity strength between a pair of vertices in a graph is one of the most vital concerns in numerous computational graph problems. In this paper we propose a local measure, together with an efficient algorithm that is scalable and parallelizable. In the heart of the algorithm is an iterative process that propagates and refines random values associated with each vertex. The connectivity measure hence defined, named algebraic distance, is the absolute difference between two values after a small number of iterations. This process is inspired by the bootstrap algebraic multigrid (BAMG), where a similar process is employed to expose connections between variables and to determine their role in convergence of a multigrid solver. We show convergence properties of the proposed measure, and provide a mutually reinforcing model to explain why the algebraic distances meaningfully measure the connectivity in a local sense. The practical effectiveness of the proposed measure is demonstrated on several computational (hyper)graph problems. C1 [Chen, Jie; Safro, Ilya] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jiechen@mcs.anl.gov; safro@mcs.anl.gov RI Safro, Ilya/D-9383-2012; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 196 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.021 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200020 ER PT S AU Kim, D Larson, JW Chiu, K AF Kim, Daihee Larson, J. Walter Chiu, Kenneth BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Toward Malleable Model Coupling SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE MPI; Dynamic Load Balance; Model Coupling; Multiphysics Modeling; Multiscale Modeling ID CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL; TOOLKIT AB Model coupling is a method to simulate complex multiphysics and multiscale phenomena. Most approaches involve static data distribution among processes without the consideration of top-level dynamic load balancing. Malleability, the ability to change the number of processes during execution, allows applications to configure themselves to better utilize available system resources. To date, however, malleability has been applied primarily to monolithic applications. We have extended the Model Coupling Toolkit (MCT) to support processing element malleability for coupled models, resulting in the Malleable Model Coupling Toolkit (MMCT). MMCT consists of a load balance manager (LBM) implementing a practical dynamic load-balancing algorithm and a malleable model registry that allows management of dynamically evolving MPI communicators. MMCT requires only standard MPI-2, sockets, and MCT. We benchmark MMCT using a synthetic, simplified coupled model application similar to the Community Climate System Model. Preliminary performance data demonstrate the efficacy of the LBM and a low (approximate to 3%) monitoring overhead. C1 [Kim, Daihee; Chiu, Kenneth] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Comp Sci, POB 60000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Univ Chicago, Comp Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Kim, D (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Comp Sci, POB 60000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. EM dkim17@cs.binghamton.edu; larson@mcs.anl.gov; kchiu@cs.binghamton.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation FX We thank the Laboratory Research Computing Resource Center at Argonne National Laboratory for access to their Fusion cluster. Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at SUNY Binghamton is supported by the National Science Foundation NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 312 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.033 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200032 ER PT S AU Koop, D Santos, E Mates, P Vo, HT Bonnet, P Bauer, B Surer, B Troyer, M Williams, DN Tohline, JE Freire, J Silva, CT AF Koop, David Santos, Emanuele Mates, Phillip Vo, Huy T. Bonnet, Philippe Bauer, Bela Surer, Brigitte Troyer, Matthias Williams, Dean N. Tohline, Joel E. Freire, Juliana Silva, Cliudio T. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI A Provenance-Based Infrastructure to Support the Life Cycle of Executable Papers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE executable paper; reproducibility; provenance; scientific workflows ID VISUALIZATIONS AB As publishers establish a greater online presence as well as infrastructure to support the distribution of more varied information, the idea of an executable paper that enables greater interaction has developed. An executable paper provides more information for computational experiments and results than the text, tables, and figures of standard papers. Executable papers can bundle computational content that allow readers and reviewers to interact, validate, and explore experiments. By including such content, authors facilitate future discoveries by lowering the barrier to reproducing and extending results. We present an infrastructure for creating, disseminating, and maintaining executable papers. Our approach is rooted in provenance, the documentation of exactly how data, experiments, and results were generated. We seek to improve the experience for everyone involved in the life cycle of an executable paper. The automated capture of provenance information allows authors to easily integrate and update results into papers as they write, and also helps reviewers better evaluate approaches by enabling them to explore experimental results by varying parameters or data. With a provenance-based system, readers are able to examine exactly how a result was developed to better understand and extend published findings. C1 [Koop, David; Santos, Emanuele; Mates, Phillip; Vo, Huy T.; Freire, Juliana; Silva, Cliudio T.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bonnet, Philippe] IT Univ, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Surer, Brigitte; Troyer, Matthias] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Williams, Dean N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Tohline, Joel E.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Koop, D (reprint author), Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM dakoop@cs.utah.edu RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Bauer, Bela/0000-0001-9796-2115 FU National Science Foundation [IIS-1050422, IIS-0905385, IIS-0844572, ATM-0835821, IIS-0844546, IIS-0746500, CNS-0751152, IIS-0713637, OCE-0424602, IIS-0534628, CNS-0514485, IIS-0513692, CNS-0524096, CCF-0401498, OISE-0405402, CCF-0528201, CNS-0551724]; Department of Energy [85821S08-II]; National Institutes of Health (NCRR ARRA); Army Research Office; DARPA OLE FX We would like to thank all the developers that have contributed to the VisTrails system: Erik Anderson, Louis Bavoil, Clifton Brooks, Jason Callahan, Steve Callahan, Lorena Carlo, Lauro Lins, Tommy Ellkvist, Daniel Rees, Carlos Scheidegger, and Nathan Smith. The research and development of the VisTrails system has been funded by the National Science Foundation under grants IIS-1050422, IIS-0905385, IIS-0844572, ATM-0835821, IIS-0844546, IIS-0746500, CNS-0751152, IIS-0713637, OCE-0424602, IIS-0534628, CNS-0514485, IIS-0513692, CNS-0524096, CCF-0401498, OISE-0405402, CCF-0528201, CNS-0551724, the Department of Energy (SciDAC VACET and SDM centers, and SBIR 85821S08-II), National Institutes of Health (NCRR ARRA), and IBM Faculty Awards (2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008). E. Santos was partially supported by a CAPES/Fullbright fellowship. We also acknowledge support through a grant from the Army Research Office with funding from the DARPA OLE program. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 648 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.068 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200067 ER PT S AU Larson, JW AF Larson, J. Walter BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Visualizing Process Composition and Load Balance in Parallel Coupled Models SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE Multiphysics Modeling; Multiscale Modeling; Process Composition; Load Balance; Computational Complexity AB Coupled model development presents a set of challenges broadly called the coupling problem; message-passing parallelism complicates matters, resulting in the parallel coupling problem. Performance tuning of parallel coupled systems is complex and performed largely in an ad hoc fashion; from the domain scientist's perspective the figure of merit is throughput, which is the amount of simulation achieved per unit of wall-clock time. Achieving high throughput for parallel coupled models requires high scalability for each subsystem and compatible combinations of the subsystems' respective resource allocations (e.g., MPI processes) to minimize idle time surrounding coupling events. Scaling parallel coupled models up to million-way parallelism highlights the need for practical methods for describing and evaluating these systems. I present a set of complementary tools to analyze and visualize process composition and load balance for coupled models. I state five basic process compositions found in coupled models. Two are the irreducible, well-known sequential and parallel compositions found in common process algebras. I define three new derived process compositions that appear in coupled systems. I define a dynamic load balance hierarchy. I propose a simple graph-based schema for diagramming process composition in coupled models that is capable of expressing dynamic load balance relationships, and I present simple examples illustrating its use. I apply the graphical schema to Version 4 of the Community Climate System Model to estimate the complexity of the process composition and load balance problem for this system. C1 [Larson, J. Walter] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Larson, JW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 831 EP 840 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.088 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200087 ER PT S AU Hoffman, FM Larson, JW Mills, RT Brooks, BGJ Ganguly, AR Hargrove, WW Huang, J Kumar, J Vatsavai, RR AF Hoffman, Forrest M. Larson, J. Walter Richard Tran Mills Brooks, Bjorn-Gustaf J. Ganguly, Auroop R. Hargrove, William W. Huang, Jian Kumar, Jitendra Vatsavai, Ranga R. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Data Mining in Earth System Science (DMESS 2011) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE Data mining; remote sensing; high performance computing; segmentation; change detection; synthesis; visualization ID CLIMATE; VISUALIZATION; MODELS; CHALLENGES; NETWORK AB From field-scale measurements to global climate simulations and remote sensing, the growing body of very large and long time series Earth science data are increasingly difficult to analyze, visualize, and interpret. Data mining, information theoretic, and machine learning techniques-such as cluster analysis, singular value decomposition, block entropy, Fourier and wavelet analysis, phase-space reconstruction, and artificial neural networks-are being applied to problems of segmentation, feature extraction, change detection, model-data comparison, and model validation. The size and complexity of Earth science data exceed the limits of most analysis tools and the capacities of desktop computers. New scalable analysis and visualization tools, running on parallel cluster computers and supercomputers, are required to analyze data of this magnitude. This workshop will demonstrate how data mining techniques are applied in the Earth sciences and describe innovative computer science methods that support analysis and discovery in the Earth sciences. C1 [Hoffman, Forrest M.; Richard Tran Mills; Kumar, Jitendra] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hoffman, Forrest M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Sci Syst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Computat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Richard Tran Mills; Huang, Jian] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Brooks, Bjorn-Gustaf J.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ganguly, Auroop R.; Vatsavai, Ranga R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Geog Informat Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hargrove, William W.] USDA Forest Serv, EFETAC, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Hoffman, FM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM forrest@climatemodeling.org; larson@mcs.anl.gov; rmills@ornl.gov; bjorn@climatemodeling.org; gangulyar@ornl.gov; hnw@geobabble.org; huangj@eecs.utk.edu; jklunar@climatemodeling.org; vatsavairr@ornl.gov RI Kumar, Jitendra/G-8601-2013; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Kumar, Jitendra/0000-0002-0159-0546; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1450 EP 1455 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.157 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200156 ER PT S AU Sisneros, R Huang, J Ostrouchov, G Hoffman, F AF Sisneros, Robert Huang, Jia Ostrouchov, George Hoffman, Forrest BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Visualizing Life Zone Boundary Sensitivities Across Climate Models and Temporal Spans SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE visualization; life zones; climate change; climate modeling; multivariate classification AB Life zones are a convenient and quantifiable method for delineating areas with similar plant and animal communities based on bioclimatic conditions. Such ecoregionalization techniques have proved useful for defining habitats and for studying how these habitats may shift due to environmental change. The ecological impacts of climate change are of particular interest. Here we show that visualizations of the geographic projection of life zones may be applied to the investigation of potential ecological impacts of climate change using the results of global climate model simulations. Using a multi-factor classification scheme, we show how life zones change over time based on quantitative model results into the next century. Using two straightforward metrics, we identify regions of high sensitivity to climate changes from two global climate simulations under two different greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Finally, we identify how preferred human habitats may shift under these scenarios. We apply visualization methods developed for the purpose of displaying multivariate relationships within data, especially for situations that involve a large number of concurrent relationships. Our method is based on the concept of multivariate classification, and is implemented directly in VisIt, a production quality visualization package. C1 [Sisneros, Robert; Ostrouchov, George; Hoffman, Forrest] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Huang, Jia] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Sisneros, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rrsianero@ornl.gov; huangj@eecs.utk.edu; ostrouchovg@ornl.gov; forrest@climatemodeling.org RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1582 EP 1591 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.171 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200170 ER PT S AU Larson, JW Briggs, PR Tobis, M AF Larson, J. Walter Briggs, Peter R. Tobis, Michael BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Block-Entropy Analysis of Climate Data SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE Symbolic Dynamics; Timeseries Analysis; Climate Predictibility; Model-data Evaluation ID SYMBOLIC DYNAMICS; SERIES AB We explore the use of block entropy as a dynamics classifier for meteorological timeseries data. The block entropy estimates define the entropy growth curve H(L) with respect to block length L. For a finitary process, the entropy growth curve tends to an asymptotic linear regime H(L) = E + h(mu)L, with entropy rate h(mu) and excess entropy E. These quantities apportion the system's information content into 'memory' (E) and 'randomness' (h(mu)). We discuss the challenges inherent in analyzing weather data using symbolic techniques, identifying the pitfalls associated with alphabet size, finite sample timeseries length, and stationarity. We apply the block entropy-based techniques in the form of a wet/dry partition to Australian daily precipitation data from the Patched Point Dataset station record collection and version 3 of the Australian Water Availability Project analysis dataset. Preliminary results demonstrate h(mu), and E are viable climatological classifiers for precipitation, with station records from similar climatic regimes possessing similar values of h(mu) and E. The resultant clustering reflects expected characteristics of local climatic memory and randomness. The AWAP results show weaker clustering than their PPD counterparts, with different E- and h(mu)-values reflecting respectively the relative biases and truncation errors in the AWAP analysis system. The entropy rates of convergence analysis rules out finite order Markov processes for orders falling within the range of block sizes considered. C1 [Larson, J. Walter] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Univ Chicago, Inst Computat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Larson, J. Walter] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Com Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Briggs, Peter R.] CSIRO, Marine & Atmospher Res, Virginia 20101, VA USA. [Tobis, Michael] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch GeoSci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Larson, JW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Briggs, Peter/B-4432-2009; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. One of the authors (Larson) also thanks Argonne National Laboratorys Laboratory Directed Research and Development program for its support. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1592 EP 1601 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.172 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200171 ER PT S AU Kumar, J Mills, RT Hoffman, FM Hargrove, WW AF Kumar, Jitendra Mills, Richard T. Hoffman, Forrest M. Hargrove, William W. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Parallel k-Means Clustering for Quantitative Ecoregion Delineation Using Large Data Sets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE ecoregionalization; k-means clustering; data mining; high performance computing AB Identification of geographic ecoregjons has long been of interest to environmental scientists and ecologists for identifying regions of similar ecological and environmental conditions. Such classifications are important for predicting suitable species ranges, for stratification of ecological samples, and to help prioritize habitat preservation and remediation efforts. Hargrove and Hoffman [1, 2] have developed geographical spatio-temporal clustering algorithms and codes and have successfully applied them to a variety of environmental science domains, including ecological regionalization; environmental monitoring network design; analysis of satellite-, airborne-, and ground-based remote sensing, and climate model-model and model-measurement intercomparison. With the advances in state-of-the-art satellite remote sensing and climate models, observations and model outputs are available at increasingly high spatial and temporal resolutions. Long time series of these high resolution datasets are extremely large in size and growing. Analysis and knowledge extraction from these large datasets are not just algorithmic and ecological problems, but also pose a complex computational problem. This paper focuses on the development of a massively parallel multivariate geographical spatio-temporal clustering code for analysis of very large datasets using tens of thousands processors on one of the fastest supercomputers in the world. C1 [Kumar, Jitendra; Mills, Richard T.; Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Com Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hargrove, William W.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. RP Kumar, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Com Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM jkumar@climatemodeling.org; rmills@climate.ornl.gov; forrest@climatemodeling.org; hnw@geobabble.org RI Kumar, Jitendra/G-8601-2013; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Kumar, Jitendra/0000-0002-0159-0546; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Forest Service; Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center; National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was partially sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center. This research used resources of the National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1602 EP 1611 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.173 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200172 ER PT S AU Mills, RT Hoffman, FM Kumar, J Hargrove, WW AF Richard Tran Mills Hoffman, Forrest M. Kumar, Jitendra Hargrove, William W. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Cluster Analysis-Based Approaches for Geospatiotemporal Data Mining of Massive Data Sets for Identification of Forest Threats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE phenology; MODIS; NDVI; remote sensing; k-means clustering; data mining; anomaly detection; high performance computing AB We investigate methods for geospatiotemporal data mining of multi-year land surface phenology data (250 m(2) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) in this study) for the conterminous United States (CONUS) as part of an early warning system for detecting threats to forest ecosystems. The approaches explored here are based on k-means cluster analysis of this massive data set, which provides a basis for defining the bounds of the expected or "normal" phenological patterns that indicate healthy vegetation at a given geographic location. We briefly describe the computational approaches we have used to make cluster analysis of such massive data sets feasible, describe approaches we have explored for distinguishing between normal and abnormal phenology, and present some examples in which we have applied these approaches to identify various forest disturbances in the CONUS. C1 [Richard Tran Mills; Hoffman, Forrest M.; Kumar, Jitendra] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Com Res Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hargrove, William W.] USDA Forest serv, So Res Str, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. RP Mills, RT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Com Res Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM rmills@ornl.gov; forrest@climatemodeling.org; jkumar@climatemodeling.org; hnw@geobabble.org RI Kumar, Jitendra/G-8601-2013; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Kumar, Jitendra/0000-0002-0159-0546; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center; National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors wish to thank Joseph P. Spruce at the NASA Stennis Space Center for providing quality controlled NDVI maps generated from the MODIS MOD 13 product. We thank Shivakar S. Vulli for his work on developing and testing the Bradley method sampling code during an internship at ORNL. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center. This research used resources of the National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1612 EP 1621 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.174 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200173 ER PT S AU Lingerfelt, EJ Messer, OEB Osborne, JA Budiardja, RD Mezzacappa, A AF Lingerfelt, E. J. Messer, O. E. B. Osborne, J. A. Budiardja, R. D. Mezzacappa, A. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI A Multitier System for the Verification, Visualization and Management of CHIMERA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE supernovae; visualization; regression test; code verification; multitier system AB CHIMERA is a multi-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics code designed to study core-collapse supernovae. The code is made up of three essentially independent parts: a hydrodynamics module, a nuclear burning module, and a neutrino transport solver combined within an operator-split approach. Given CHIMERA's complexity and pace of ongoing development, a new support system, Bellerophon, has been designed and implemented to perform automated verification, visualization and management tasks while integrating with other workflow systems utilized by CHIMERA's development group. In order to achieve these goals, a multitier approach has been adopted. By integrating supercomputing platforms, visualization clusters, a dedicated web server and a client-side desktop application, this system attempts to provide an encapsulated, end-to-end solution to these needs. C1 [Lingerfelt, E. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Messer, O. E. B.] Leadership Comp Fac, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Messer, O. E. B.; Budiardja, R. D.; Mezzacappa, A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Osborne, J. A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Osborne, J. A.] Univ Tennessee, NSF Teragrid XD RDAVCtr, Natl Inst Computat Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mezzacappa, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lingerfelt, EJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415; FU National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Office of Science of U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05- 00OR22725] FX This research used resources of the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05- 00OR22725. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 2076 EP 2085 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.227 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200226 ER PT S AU Narayanan, SHK Norris, B Hovland, P Nguyen, DC Gebremedhin, AH AF Narayanan, Sri Hari Krishna Norris, Boyana Hovland, Paul Nguyen, Duc C. Gebremedhin, Assefaw H. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Sparse Jacobian Computation Using ADIC2 and ColPack SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE automatic differentiation; ADIC2; sparse derivative computation; ColPack ID SIMULATED MOVING BEDS; AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION; MATRICES; OPTIMIZATION; HESSIANS; SOFTWARE AB Many scientific applications benefit from the accurate and efficient computation of derivatives. Automatically generating these derivative computations from an applications source code offers a competitive alternative to other approaches, such as less accurate numerical approximations or labor-intensive analytical implementations. ADIC2 is a source transformation tool for generating code for computing the derivatives (e.g., Jacobian or Hessian) of a function given the C or C++ implementation of that function. Often the Jacobian or Hessian is sparse and presents the opportunity to greatly reduce storage and computational requirements in the automatically generated derivative computation. ColPack is a tool that compresses structurally independent columns of the Jacobian and Hessian matrices through graph coloring approaches. In this paper, we describe the integration of ColPack coloring capabilities into ADIC2, enabling accurate and efficient sparse Jacobian computations. We present performance results for a case study of a simulated moving bed chromatography application. Overall, the computation of the Jacobian by integrating ADIC2 and ColPack is approximately 40% faster than a comparable implementation that integrates ADOL-C and ColPack when the Jacobian is computed multiple times. C1 [Narayanan, Sri Hari Krishna; Norris, Boyana; Hovland, Paul] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nguyen, Duc C.; Gebremedhin, Assefaw H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Narayanan, SHK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM snarayan@mcs.anl.gov; norris@mcs.anl.gov; hovland@mcs.anl.gov; nguyend@purdue.edu; agebreme@purdue.edu OI Norris, Boyana/0000-0001-5811-9731 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FC-0206-ER-25774]; National Science Foundation [CCF-0830645] FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy, under Contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FC-0206-ER-25774, and by the National Science Foundation grant CCF-0830645. We thank Lorenz T. Biegler and Andrea Walther for sharing their code for the SMB model with us. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 2115 EP 2123 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.231 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200230 ER PT S AU Balaprakash, P Wild, SM Hovland, PD AF Balaprakash, Prasanna Wild, Stefan M. Hovland, Paul D. BE Sato, M Matsuoka, S Sloot, PMA VanAlbada, GD Dongarra, J TI Can search algorithms save large-scale automatic performance tuning? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE (ICCS) SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) on the Ascent of Computational Excellence CY 2011 CL Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ, Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Elsevier, Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci HO Campus Nanyang Technolog Univ DE autotuning; empirical tuning; optimization; performance-tuning ID DERIVATIVE-FREE OPTIMIZATION; COMPUTATIONS AB Empirical performance optimization of computer codes using autotuners has received significant attention in recent years. Given the increased complexity of computer architectures and scientific codes, evaluating all possible code variants is prohibitively expensive for all but the simplest kernels. One way for autotuners to overcome this hurdle is through use of a search algorithm that finds high-performing code variants while examining relatively few variants. In this paper we examine the search problem in autotuning from a mathematical optimization perspective. As an illustration of the power and limitations of this optimization, we conduct an experimental study of several optimization algorithms on a number of linear algebra kernel codes. We find that the algorithms considered obtain performance gains similar to the optimal ones found by complete enumeration or by large random searches but in a tiny fraction of the computation time. C1 [Balaprakash, Prasanna; Wild, Stefan M.; Hovland, Paul D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balaprakash, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pbalapra@mcs.anl.gov; wild@mcs.anl.gov; hovland@mcs.anl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; Wild, Stefan/P-4907-2016 OI Wild, Stefan/0000-0002-6099-2772 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2011 VL 4 BP 2136 EP 2145 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.234 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYK46 UT WOS:000299165200233 ER PT S AU Wu, WJ DeMar, P Holmgren, D Singh, A Pordes, R AF Wu, Wenji DeMar, Phil Holmgren, Don Singh, Amitoj Pordes, Ruth BE Pfeifer, T Jayasumana, A Aschenbruck, N TI G-NetMon: A GPU-accelerated Network Performance Monitoring System for Large Scale Scientific Collaborations SO 2011 IEEE 36TH CONFERENCE ON LOCAL COMPUTER NETWORKS (LCN) SE Conference on Local Computer Networks LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN) CY OCT 04-07, 2011 CL Bonn, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Advancing Technol Human, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Commun (TCCC), Raytheon BBN Technol, Eco (Verband Deutschen Internetwirtschaft) DE GPU; Flow Analysis; Network Performance Monitoring; High-speed netwworks AB We have prototyped a GPU-accelerated network performance monitoring system, cal led G-NetMon, to support large-scale scientific collaborations at Fermilab. Our system exploits the data parallelism that exists within network flow data to provide fast analysis of bulk data movement between Fermi lab and collaboration sites. Experiments demonstrate that our G-NetMon can rapidly detect sub-optimal bulk data movements. C1 [Wu, Wenji; DeMar, Phil; Holmgren, Don; Singh, Amitoj; Pordes, Ruth] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wu, WJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM wenji@fnal.gov; demar@fnal.gov; djholm@fnal.gov; amitoj@fnal.gov; ruth@fnal.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 0742-1303 BN 978-1-61284-928-7 J9 C LOCAL COMPUT NETW PY 2011 BP 195 EP 198 PG 4 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BYU90 UT WOS:000300563800034 ER PT S AU Chen, JP AF Chen, J. P. BE Matevosyan, HH Thomas, AW TI Highlights of Spin Study at JLab Hall A: Longitudinal and Transverse SO 8TH CIRCUM-PAN-PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP ARC Special Res Centre Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM), Univ Adelaide, Asian Nucl Phys Assoc (ANPhA) DE spin; nucleon; transverse; JLab ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; STRONG-COUPLING CONSTANT; SUM-RULES; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; ASYMMETRIES; NUCLEON; MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; NEUTRON; PROTON AB Spin-dependent observables have been a powerful tool to probe the internal structure of the nucleon and to understand the dynamics of the strong interaction. Experiments involving spin degrees of freedom have lead to numerous surprises, puzzles and discoveries. The so called "spin crisis" in the 1980s revealed the limitation of naive quark-parton models and led to intensive worldwide efforts, both experimental and theoretical, to understand the nucleon spin structure. The nucleon spin structrue study has grown from mainly on the longitudinal spin in the last thirty years to recently rapidly increasing interests on the transverse spin. With high intensity and high polarization of both the electron beam and targets, JLab has the world's highest polarized luminosity and the best figure-of-merit for precision spin structure measurements. It has made a strong impact in this subfield of research. This proceeding will highlight JLab Hall A's study in the measurements of the moments of spin structure functions at low-to-intermediate Q(2) and in the transverse spin structure. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Chen, JP (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0995-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1418 DI 10.1063/1.3667321 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZB66 UT WOS:000301053500026 ER PT S AU Gamberg, L Boer, D Musch, B Prokudin, A AF Gamberg, Leonard Boer, Daniel Musch, Bernhard Prokudin, Alexei BE Matevosyan, HH Thomas, AW TI Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering and Bessel-Weighted Asymmetries SO 8TH CIRCUM-PAN-PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP ARC Special Res Centre Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM), Univ Adelaide, Asian Nucl Phys Assoc (ANPhA) DE Bessel Weighting; Sivers Effect ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; SINGLE-SPIN; AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRIES; QUARK POLARIZATION; LEPTOPRODUCTION; NUCLEONS AB We consider the cross section in Fourier space, conjugate to the outgoing hadron's transverse momentum, where convolutions of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions become simple products. Individual asymmetric terms in the cross section can be projected out by means of a generalized set of weights involving Bessel functions. Advantages of employing these Bessel weights are that they suppress (divergent) contributions from high transverse momentum and that soft factors cancel in (Bessel-) weighted asymmetries. Also, the resulting compact expressions immediately connect to previous work on evolution equations for transverse momentum dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions and to quantities accessible in lattice QCD. Bessel-weighted asymmetries are thus model independent observables that augment the description and our understanding of correlations of spin and momentum in nucleon structure. C1 [Gamberg, Leonard] Penn State Univ Berks, Dept Phys, Reading, PA 19610 USA. [Boer, Daniel] Univ Groningen, Theory Grp, KVI, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Musch, Bernhard; Prokudin, Alexei] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Gamberg, L (reprint author), Penn State Univ Berks, Dept Phys, Reading, PA 19610 USA. FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER41460]; U.S. DOE [DEAC05-06OR23177] FX LG, thanks the organizers of PacSpin 2011 held in Cairns, Australia, in particular Tony Thomas, for the invitation to present this work. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-FG02-07ER41460 (L.G.), and is authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DEAC05-06OR23177. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0995-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1418 DI 10.1063/1.3667306 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZB66 UT WOS:000301053500010 ER PT S AU Goldman, T AF Goldman, T. BE Matevosyan, HH Thomas, AW TI Physical Degrees of Freedom for Gauge Fields and the Issue of Spin SO 8TH CIRCUM-PAN-PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP ARC Special Res Centre Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM), Univ Adelaide, Asian Nucl Phys Assoc (ANPhA) DE spin; momentum; gauge invariance; gauge bosons ID TRANSFORMATIONS; INVARIANCE; NUCLEON AB The conflict between the physical degrees of freedom of gauge bosons and the Lorentz group irreps naturally used to describe their couplings to matter fields are illustrated and discussed, and applied to issues of linear and angular momentum. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goldman, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0995-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1418 DI 10.1063/1.3667298 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZB66 UT WOS:000301053500002 ER PT S AU Seidl, R Vossen, A Leitgab, M Grosse-Perdekamp, M Ogawa, A Giordano, F AF Seidl, Ralf Vossen, Anselm Leitgab, Martin Grosse-Perdekamp, Matthias Ogawa, Akio Giordano, Francesca BE Matevosyan, HH Thomas, AW TI Fragmentation function measurements at Belle SO 8TH CIRCUM-PAN-PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP ARC Special Res Centre Subatom Struct Matter (CSSM), Univ Adelaide, Asian Nucl Phys Assoc (ANPhA) DE Fragmentation functions; transversity; TMDs ID NUCLEONS TRANSVERSITY AB The precision measurement of fragmentation functions is an important requirement to study the spin structure of the nucleon. Unpolarized fragmentation functions at reasonably low scale and high fractional energy are necessary to complement the measurements mostly performed at LEP in order to obtain high enough precision for measurements at semi-inclusive DIS experiments and at RHIC. Those can be obtained from the abundant data collected with the Belle detector at the e(+)e(-) collider KEKB. In addition one can cleanly measure the transversely polarized fragmentation functions such as the Collins fragmentation function and the interference fragmentation functions. Both have been obtained with great precision at Belle. C1 [Seidl, Ralf] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [Vossen, Anselm] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Leitgab, Martin; Grosse-Perdekamp, Matthias; Giordano, Francesca] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Ogawa, Akio] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Seidl, R (reprint author), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0995-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1418 DI 10.1063/1.3667303 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZB66 UT WOS:000301053500007 ER PT J AU Griffith, OL Gray, JW AF Griffith, Obi L. Gray, Joe W. TI 'Omic approaches to preventing or managing metastatic breast cancer SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-ORIGINS; 70-GENE SIGNATURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CERVICAL-CANCER; GENOMIC GRADE; BONE-MARROW AB Early detection of metastasis-prone breast cancers and characterization of residual metastatic cancers are important in efforts to improve management of breast cancer. Applications of genome-scale molecular analysis technologies are making these complementary approaches possible by revealing molecular features uniquely associated with metastatic disease. Assays that reveal these molecular features will facilitate development of anatomic, histological and blood-based strategies that may enable detection prior to metastatic spread. Knowledge of these features also will guide development of therapeutic strategies that can be applied when metastatic disease burden is low, thereby increasing the probability of a curative response. C1 [Griffith, Obi L.; Gray, Joe W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gray, Joe W.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Portland, OR 97239 USA. RP Gray, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Canc & DNA Damage Responses, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jwgray@lbl.gov OI Griffith, Obi/0000-0002-0843-4271 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of the Army [W81XWH-07-1-0663]; National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute [P50 CA 58207, U24 CA 126477]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231, by the Department of the Army, award W81XWH-07-1-0663, the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute grants P50 CA 58207, the U24 CA 126477, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 93 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-542X J9 BREAST CANCER RES JI Breast Cancer Res. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 AR 230 DI 10.1186/bcr2923 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 904DK UT WOS:000301173700036 PM 22216753 ER PT J AU Rajeev, L Luning, EG Dehal, PS Price, MN Arkin, AP Mukhopadhyay, A AF Rajeev, Lara Luning, Eric G. Dehal, Paramvir S. Price, Morgan N. Arkin, Adam P. Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila TI Systematic mapping of two component response regulators to gene targets in a model sulfate reducing bacterium SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; C NITRITE REDUCTASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; CAULOBACTER-CRESCENTUS; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS AB Background: Two component regulatory systems are the primary form of signal transduction in bacteria. Although genomic binding sites have been determined for several eukaryotic and bacterial transcription factors, comprehensive identification of gene targets of two component response regulators remains challenging due to the lack of knowledge of the signals required for their activation. We focused our study on Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, a sulfate reducing bacterium that encodes unusually diverse and largely uncharacterized two component signal transduction systems. Results: We report the first systematic mapping of the genes regulated by all transcriptionally acting response regulators in a single bacterium. Our results enabled functional predictions for several response regulators and include key processes of carbon, nitrogen and energy metabolism, cell motility and biofilm formation, and responses to stresses such as nitrite, low potassium and phosphate starvation. Our study also led to the prediction of new genes and regulatory networks, which found corroboration in a compendium of transcriptome data available for D. vulgaris. For several regulators we predicted and experimentally verified the binding site motifs, most of which were discovered as part of this study. Conclusions: The gene targets identified for the response regulators allowed strong functional predictions to be made for the corresponding two component systems. By tracking the D. vulgaris regulators and their motifs outside the Desulfovibrio spp. we provide testable hypotheses regarding the functions of orthologous regulators in other organisms. The in vitro array based method optimized here is generally applicable for the study of such systems in all organisms. C1 [Rajeev, Lara; Luning, Eric G.; Dehal, Paramvir S.; Price, Morgan N.; Arkin, Adam P.; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mukhopadhyay, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Rajeev, Lara/0000-0002-0106-9195 FU ENIGMA; Scientific Focus Area Program; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Genomics:GTL Foundational Science through contract Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy FX We thank Mario Ouellet (LBNL) and Dr Adam Deutschbauer (LBNL) for helpful discussions about the DAP-chip strategy, Dr Ee-Been Goh (LBNL) and Virgil Rhodius (UCSF) for providing Perl scripts to search for motifs in the various bacterial genomes, Dr Nathan Hillson (LBNL) for help with modifying Perl scripts and Katherine Huang (Broad Institute) for help with generating Figure 7 and Dr Kelly Bender (Southern Illinois University) for sharing unpublished data. We thank Prof. Eric Alm (MIT) and Dr Igor Zwir (Washington University) for reviewing the manuscript. This research is funded by ENIGMA, a Scientific Focus Area Program supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics:GTL Foundational Science through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2011 VL 12 IS 10 AR R99 DI 10.1186/gb-2011-12-10-r99 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 904EM UT WOS:000301176900002 PM 21992415 ER PT S AU Rafiq, T Kritz, AH Kessel, C Bateman, G McCune, DC Budny, RV Pankin, AY AF Rafiq, T. Kritz, A. H. Kessel, C. Bateman, G. McCune, D. C. Budny, R. V. Pankin, A. Y. BE Weiland, J Lazzaro, E TI Study of Heating and Fusion Power Production in ITER Discharges SO IFP-CNR-CHALMERS WORKSHOP ON NONLINEAR PHENOMENA IN FUSION PLASMAS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IFP-CNR-Chalmers Workshop on Nonlinear Phenomena in Fusion Plasmas CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Varenna, ITALY SP Chalmers Univ Technol, Ist Fisica Plasma ID TRANSPORT AB ITER simulations, in which the temperatures, toroidal angular frequency and currents are evolved, are carried out using the PTRANSP code starting with initial profiles and boundary conditions obtained from TSC code studies. The dependence of heat deposition and current drive on ICRF frequency, number of poloidal modes, beam orientation, number of Monte Carlo particles and ECRH launch angles is studied in order to examine various possibilities and contingencies for ITER steady state and hybrid discharges. For the hybrid discharges, the fusion power production and fusion Q, computed using the Multi-Mode MMM v7.1 anomalous transport model, are compared with those predicted using the GLF23 model. The simulations of the hybrid scenario indicate that the fusion power production at 1000 sec will be approximately 500 MW corresponding to a fusion Q = 10.0. The discharge scenarios simulated aid in understanding the conditions for optimizing fusion power production and in examining measures of plasma performance. C1 [Rafiq, T.; Kritz, A. H.; Bateman, G.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Kessel, C.; McCune, D. C.; Budny, R. V.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Pankin, A. Y.] Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Rafiq, T (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0962-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1392 DI 10.1063/1.3647235 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BZD60 UT WOS:000301174700010 ER PT S AU Caballero, J Maeno, T Nilsson, P Stewart, G Potekhin, M Wenaus, T AF Caballero, J. Maeno, T. Nilsson, P. Stewart, G. Potekhin, M. Wenaus, T. GP IOP TI Improving Security in the ATLAS PanDA System SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The security challenges faced by users of the grid are considerably different to those faced in previous environments. The adoption of pilot jobs systems by LHC experiments has mitigated many of the problems associated with the inhomogeneities found on the grid and has greatly improved job reliability; however, pilot jobs systems themselves must then address many security issues, including the execution of multiple users' code under a common 'grid' identity. In this paper we describe the improvements and evolution of the security model in the ATLAS PanDA (Production and Distributed Analysis) system. We describe the security in the PanDA server which is in place to ensure that only authorized members of the VO are allowed to submit work into the system and that jobs are properly audited and monitored. We discuss the security in place between the pilot code itself and the PanDA server, ensuring that only properly authenticated workload is delivered to the pilot for execution. When the code to be executed is from a 'normal' ATLAS user, as opposed to the production system or other privileged actor, then the pilot may use an EGEE developed identity switching tool called gLExec. This changes the grid proxy available to the job and also switches the UNIX user identity to protect the privileges of the pilot code proxy. We describe the problems in using this system and how they are overcome. Finally, we discuss security drills which have been run using PanDA and show how these improved our operational security procedures. C1 [Caballero, J.; Maeno, T.; Potekhin, M.; Wenaus, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Caballero, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jcaballero@bnl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062005 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062005 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500005 ER PT S AU Caballero, J Thapa, S Gardner, R Potekhin, M AF Caballero, J. Thapa, S. Gardner, R. Potekhin, M. GP IOP TI Automatic Integration Testbeds validation on Open Science Grid SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB A recurring challenge in deploying high quality production middleware is the extent to which realistic testing occurs before release of the software into the production environment. We describe here an automated system for validating releases of the Open Science Grid software stack that leverages the (pilot-based) PanDA job management system developed and used by the ATLAS experiment. The system was motivated by a desire to subject the OSG Integration Testbed to more realistic validation tests. In particular those which resemble to every extent possible actual job workflows used by the experiments thus utilizing job scheduling at the compute element (CE), use of the worker node execution environment, transfer of data to/from the local storage element (SE), etc. The context is that candidate releases of OSG compute and storage elements can be tested by injecting large numbers of synthetic jobs varying in complexity and coverage of services tested. The native capabilities of the PanDA system can thus be used to define jobs, monitor their execution, and archive the resulting run statistics including success and failure modes. A repository of generic workflows and job types to measure various metrics of interest has been created. A command-line toolset has been developed so that testbed managers can quickly submit "VO-like" jobs into the system when newly deployed services are ready for testing. A system for automatic submission has been crafted to send jobs to integration testbed sites, collecting the results in a central service and generating regular reports for performance and reliability. C1 [Caballero, J.; Potekhin, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Caballero, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sthapa@ci.uchicago.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062027 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062027 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500027 ER PT S AU Canal, P AF Canal, Philippe GP IOP TI Gratia: New Challenges in Grid Accounting SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Gratia originated as an accounting system for batch systems and Linux process accounting. In production since 2006 at FNAL, it was adopted by the Open Science Grid as a distributed, grid-wide accounting system in 2007. Since adoption Gratia's next challenge has been to adapt to an explosive increase in data volume and to handle several new categories of accounting data. Gratia now accounts for regular grid jobs, file transfers, glide-in jobs, and the state of grid services. We show that Gratia gives access to a thorough picture of the OSG and discuss the complexity caused by newer grid techniques such as pilot jobs, job forwarding, and backfill. C1 [Canal, Philippe] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Canal, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. EM pcanal@fnal.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062028 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062028 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500028 ER PT S AU Evans, D Fisk, I Holzman, B Melo, A Metson, S Pordes, R Sheldon, P Tiradani, A AF Evans, D. Fisk, I. Holzman, B. Melo, A. Metson, S. Pordes, R. Sheldon, P. Tiradani, A. GP IOP TI Using Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud to dynamically scale CMS computational resources SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Large international scientific collaborations such as the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider have traditionally addressed their data reduction and analysis needs by building and maintaining dedicated computational infrastructure. Emerging cloud computing services such as Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) offer short-term CPU and storage resources with costs based on usage. These services allow experiments to purchase computing resources as needed, without significant prior planning and without long term investments in facilities and their management. We have demonstrated that services such as EC2 can successfully be integrated into the production-computing model of CMS, and find that they work very well as worker nodes. The cost-structure and transient nature of EC2 services makes them inappropriate for some CMS production services and functions. We also found that the resources are not truely "on-demand" as limits and caps on usage are imposed. Our trial workflows allow us to make a cost comparison between EC2 resources and dedicated CMS resources at a University, and conclude that it is most cost effective to purchase dedicated resources for the "base-line" needs of experiments such as CMS. However, if the ability to use cloud computing resources is built into an experiment's software framework before demand requires their use, cloud computing resources make sense for bursting during times when spikes in usage are required. C1 [Evans, D.; Fisk, I.; Holzman, B.; Pordes, R.; Tiradani, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Melo, A (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Stevenson Ctr 6301, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM andrew.m.melo@vanderbilt.edu OI Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062031 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062031 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500031 ER PT S AU Garzoglio, G Bester, J Chadwick, K Dykstra, D Groep, D Gu, J Hesselroth, T Koeroo, O Levshina, T Martin, S Salle, M Sharma, N Sim, A Timm, S Verstegen, A AF Garzoglio, G. Bester, J. Chadwick, K. Dykstra, D. Groep, D. Gu, J. Hesselroth, T. Koeroo, O. Levshina, T. Martin, S. Salle, M. Sharma, N. Sim, A. Timm, S. Verstegen, A. GP IOP TI Adoption of a SAML-XACML Profile for Authorization Interoperability across Grid Middleware in OSG and EGEE SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The Authorization Interoperability activity was initiated in 2006 to foster interoperability between middleware and authorization infrastructures deployed in the Open Science Grid (OSG) and the Enabling Grids for E-sciencE (EGEE) projects. This activity delivered a common authorization protocol and a set of libraries that implement that protocol. In addition, a set of the most common Grid gateways, or Policy Enforcement Points (Globus Toolkit v4 Gatekeeper, GridFTP, dCache, etc.) and site authorization services, or Policy Decision Points (LCAS/LCMAPS, SCAS, GUMS, etc.) have been integrated with these libraries. At this time, various software providers, including the Globus Toolkit v5, BeStMan, and the Site AuthoriZation service (SAZ), are integrating the authorization interoperability protocol with their products. In addition, as more and more software supports the same protocol, the community is converging on LCMAPS as a common module for identity attribute parsing and authorization call-out. This paper presents this effort, discusses the status of adoption of the common protocol and projects the community work on authorization in the near future. C1 [Garzoglio, G.; Chadwick, K.; Dykstra, D.; Hesselroth, T.; Levshina, T.; Sharma, N.; Timm, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Garzoglio, G (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM garzoglio@fnal.gov OI Groep, David/0000-0003-1026-6606 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062011 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062011 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500011 ER PT S AU Lauret, J Walker, M Goasguen, S Stout, L Fenn, M Balewski, J Hajdu, L Keahey, K AF Lauret, J. Walker, M. Goasguen, S. Stout, L. Fenn, M. Balewski, J. Hajdu, L. Keahey, K. GP IOP TI When STAR meets the Clouds - Virtualization & Cloud Computing Experiences SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB In recent years, Cloud computing has become a very attractive paradigm and popular model for accessing distributed resources. The Cloud has emerged as the next big trend. The burst of platform and projects providing Cloud resources and interfaces at the very same time that Grid projects are entering a production phase in their life cycle has however raised the question of the best approach to handling distributed resources. Especially, are Cloud resources scaling at the levels shown by Grids? Are they performing at the same level? What is their overhead on the IT teams and infrastructure? Rather than seeing the two as orthogonal, the STAR experiment has viewed them as complimentary and has studied merging the best of the two worlds with Grid middleware providing the aggregation of both Cloud and traditional resources. Since its first use of Cloud resources on Amazon EC2 in 2008/2009 using a Nimbus/EC2 interface, the STAR software team has tested and experimented with many novel approaches: from a traditional, native EC2 approach to the Virtual Organization Cluster (VOC) at Clemson University and Condor/VM on the GLOW resources at the University of Wisconsin. The STAR team is also planning to run as part of the DOE/Magellan project. In this paper, we will present an overview of our findings from using truly opportunistic resources and scaling-out two orders of magnitude in both tests and practical usage. C1 [Lauret, J.; Hajdu, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lauret, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jlauret@bnl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 062016 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/6/062016 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZC67 UT WOS:000301120500016 ER PT J AU Tracy, J Mills, E AF Tracy, Jennifer Mills, Evan TI ILLUMINATING THE PECKING ORDER IN OFF-GRID LIGHTING A Demonstration of LED Lighting for Saving Energy in the Poultry Sector SO LIGHT & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE off-grid lighting; poultry sector; kerosene lanterns; LED luminaires AB The Lumina Project and Lighting Africa conducted a full-scale field test involving a switch from kerosene to solar-LED lighting for commercial broiler chicken production at an off-grid farm in Kenya. The test achieved lower operating costs, produced substantially more light, improved the working environment, and had no adverse effect on yields. A strategy using conventional solar-fluorescent lighting also achieved comparable yields, but entailed a six-fold higher capital cost and significantly higher recurring battery replacement costs. Thanks to higher energy and optical efficiencies, the LED system provided approximately twice the illumination to the chicken-production area and yet drew less than half the power. At the study farm, 3000 chickens were grown in each of three identical houses under kerosene, fluorescent, and LED lighting configurations. Under baseline conditions, a yearly expenditure of 1,200 USD is required to illuminate the three houses with kerosene. The LED system eliminates this fuel use and expense with a corresponding simple payback time of 1.5 years, while the solar-fluorescent system has a payback time of 9.3 years. The corresponding reduction in fuel expenditure in both cases represents a 15 % increase in after-tax net income (revenues minus expenses) across the entire business operation. The differential cost-effectiveness between the LED and fluorescent systems would be substantially greater if the fluorescent system were upsized to provide the same light as the LED system. Providing light with the fluorescent or LED systems is also far more economical than connecting to the grid in this case. The estimated grid-connection cost at this facility is 1.7 million Kenya Schillings (approximately 21,250 USD), which is nearly six-times the cost of the fluorescent system and 35-times the cost of the LED system. The LED system also confers various non-energy benefits. The relative uniformity of LED lighting, compared to the fluorescent or kerosene lighting, reduced crowding which in turn created a less stressful environment for the chickens. The far higher levels of illumination also created a better environment for the workers, while eliminating the time required for obtaining fuel and maintaining kerosene lanterns. An additional advantage of the LED system relative to the solar fluorescent system was that the former does not require a skilled technician to carry out the installation. The portable LED system lighting layout is also more easily adjusted than that of the hard-wired fluorescent systems. Furthermore, switching to the LED system avoids over one metric ton of carbon dioxide emissions per house on an annual basis compared to kerosene. There is high potential for replication of this particular LED lighting strategy in the developing world. In order to estimate the scale of kerosene use and the potential for savings, more information is needed on the numbers of chickens produced off-grid, as well as lighting uses for other categories of poultry production (egg layers, indigenous broilers'). Our discovery that weight gain did not slow in the solar-fluorescent house after it experienced extended lighting out ages beginning on day 14 of the 35-ay study suggests that conventional farming practices in Kenyan broiler operations may call for more hours of lighting than is needed to achieve least-cost production. C1 [Tracy, Jennifer] Int Finance Corp, World Bank Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mills, Evan] Univ Calif, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Tracy, J (reprint author), Int Finance Corp, World Bank Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. EM emills@lbl.gov FU Blum Center for Developing Economies at the University of California, Berkeley through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05 CH11231]; Lighting Africa Program FX We thank Josphat Karanu Muhuthu, Maina Mumbi, Arne Jacobson, Peter Alstone, Patrick Avato, Arthur Itotia Njagi, Benedicte Walter, and the 9000 birds that tolerated our presence over their 5-week stay in Maai Mahiu. This work was funded by The Rosenfeld Fund of the Blum Center for Developing Economies at the University of California, Berkeley, through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05 CH11231 and by the Lighting Africa Program. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU ZNACK PUBLISHING HOUSE PI MOSCOW PA PO BOX 648, 10100 MOSCOW, RUSSIA SN 0236-2945 J9 LIGHT ENG JI Light Eng. PY 2011 VL 19 IS 4 BP 67 EP 76 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 898QT UT WOS:000300757600008 ER PT J AU McMichael, GA Skalski, JR Deters, KA AF McMichael, Geoffrey A. Skalski, John R. Deters, Katherine A. TI Survival of Juvenile Chinook Salmon during Barge Transport SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; DELAYED MORTALITY; SNAKE; MANAGEMENT; STEELHEAD; SYSTEM AB To estimate survival during barge transport over a distance of 470 km from Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River to a release area downstream of Bonneville Dam (the lowermost dam on the Columbia River), we used a novel adaptation of a release-recapture model with 1,494 acoustic-tagged yearling Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha smolts. Smolts were collected at Lower Granite Dam, received surgically implanted acoustic transmitters, and were divided into three groups: (1) a barge group (R-B) that was released into the raceway with fish that were later loaded into transportation barges (general barge population); (2) a control group (R-A) that was held in a net-pen suspended within the barge hold containing the general barge population until 5-6 h prior to barge evacuation (i.e., fish release into the river), at which time they were confirmed to be alive and then released into the barge hold; and (3) a dead group (R-D) that was euthanized and then released into the barge hold 5-6 h prior to barge evacuation in order to validate a model assumption. Six replicates of each group were loaded onto fish transport barges that departed from Lower Granite Dam between 29 April and 13 May 2010. Detections on acoustic receiver arrays between 70 and 220 km downstream of the barge evacuation site served as the basis for estimation of survival within the barge. The ratio of RB : RA survival from release to river kilometer 153 provided the estimate of within-barge survival. The replicate survival estimates ranged from 0.9503 ((SE) over cap = 0.0253) to 1.0003 ((SE) over cap = 0.0155). The weighted average of the replicate estimates of survival during the barge transportation experience was 0.9833 ((SE) over cap = 0.0062). This study provides the first active telemetry documentation that the assumed survival rate of 98% during the barge transportation experience appears to be justified for yearling Chinook salmon smolts. C1 [McMichael, Geoffrey A.; Deters, Katherine A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Skalski, John R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP McMichael, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, POB 999,MSK6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM geoffrey.mcmichael@pnl.gov FU U. S. Army Corps of Engineers FX We thank Blaine Ebberts, Derek Fryer, Dean Holecek, John Bailey, and Mike Halter (U. S. Army Corps of Engineers) for the funding, technical input, and support required to complete this work. We are also grateful to Fred Mensik and Shawn Rapp (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife) for their help with smolt collection. A large number of dedicated staff members at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, including George Batten, BrianBellgraph, Jessica Carter, Alison Colotelo, Susan Ennor, Andrew Gingerich, Ben Goodman, Kate Hall, Kenneth Ham, Ryan Harnish, Mike Hughes, Sara Kallio, Jina Kim, Eric Oldenburg, Lori Ortega, Mike Parker, John Stephenson, Donna Trott, RicardoWalker, and ChristaWoodley, helped with fish collection, tagging, fish transport, releases, receiver deployment, data processing, analyses, and editing. Brenda James and others at Cascade Aquatics activated and delivered the acoustic transmitters. Net- pens were loaned to us for this project by Frank Loge (University of California- Davis). This paper benefitted from reviews by Billy Connor, Doug Marsh, Stephen Riley, and an anonymous reviewer. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1187 EP 1196 DI 10.1080/02755947.2011.646455 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 902NJ UT WOS:000301044900020 ER PT S AU Cheng, W Liu, L Yu, PY Ma, ZX Mao, SS AF Cheng, Wei Liu, Lei Yu, Peter Y. Ma, Zhixun Mao, Samuel S. BE Ihm, J Cheong, H TI A Density-Functional Study of Oxygen Impurity Complexes in CdTe SO PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS-30) CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Un Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP C8 Commiss), Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Seoul Metropolitan Govt, Off Naval Res Global, Korea Tourism Org, Seoul Tourism Org, POSTECH Natl Ctr Nanomat Technol (NCNT), Hindustan Univ, Samsung, LG Siltron, ICPS 29 DE CdTe; Oxygen; defect complexes; localized vibration modes AB Using a first-principle density functional theory we have calculated the electronic and vibrational structures of two families of oxygen impurities in CdTe: an oxygen atom substituting for Te and an oxygen molecule (02) located inside a Cd vacancy. The stretching mode frequency of the latter was found to be 1112.5 cm(-1) and is infra-red (IR) active. We suggest that this mode is responsible for the experimentally observed 1104 cm(-1) IR absorption peak which has been attributed to a substitutional oxygen plus a neighboring Cd vacancy complex. The band structure calculation suggests that the V-Cd-O-2 complex behaves like a deep acceptor in CdTe. C1 [Cheng, Wei; Liu, Lei; Yu, Peter Y.; Ma, Zhixun; Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cheng, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1002-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1399 DI 10.1063/1.3666269 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BZB65 UT WOS:000301053000031 ER PT S AU Ma, ZX Hao, HY Xiao, P Oehlerking, LJ Liu, DF Zhang, XJ Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Mao, SS Yu, PY Liu, L Yu, PY AF Ma, Z. X. Hao, H. Y. Xiao, P. Oehlerking, L. J. Liu, D. F. Zhang, X. J. Yu, K. -M. Walukiewicz, W. Mao, S. S. Yu, P. Y. Liu, Lei Yu, Peter Y. BE Ihm, J Cheong, H TI Band Gap Variation of CdInSe and CdZnS Fabricated by High Throughput Combinatorial Growth Technique SO PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS-30) CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Un Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP C8 Commiss), Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Seoul Metropolitan Govt, Off Naval Res Global, Korea Tourism Org, Seoul Tourism Org, POSTECH Natl Ctr Nanomat Technol (NCNT), Hindustan Univ, Samsung, LG Siltron, ICPS 29 DE semiconductor band-gap; combinatorial technique; mobility and lifetime ID RADIATION DETECTORS AB High energy radiation detector operating at room temperature requires the semiconductors having band-gap energies in the range of 1.35 similar to 2.5 eV, high Z and high carrier mobility-lifetime (mu tau) product. We report here the screening of the band-gap energies of compound semiconductor CdIn2Se4 and ZnCdS doped with Sn and In, prepared by high throughput combinatorial growth technique. It is found that the band-gap energies decrease as [Cd] decreases in Cd1-xIn2+2xSe4+2x, and as In or Sn elements are incorporated in ZnxCd1-xS. For both libraries, the mu tau can reach a value on the order of 10(-4) cm(2)/V. These results have demonstrated the strong capability of the combinatorial growth technique in rapid material discovery for room temperature radiation detector applications. C1 [Ma, Z. X.; Hao, H. Y.; Xiao, P.; Oehlerking, L. J.; Liu, D. F.; Zhang, X. J.; Yu, K. -M.; Walukiewicz, W.; Mao, S. S.; Yu, P. Y.; Liu, Lei; Yu, Peter Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, ZX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Zhang, Xiaojun/H-8539-2013 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1002-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1399 DI 10.1063/1.3666742 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BZB65 UT WOS:000301053000503 ER PT S AU Ma, ZX Hao, HY Xiao, P Oehlerking, LJ Liu, DF Zhang, XJ Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Mao, SS Yu, PY AF Ma, Z. X. Hao, H. Y. Xiao, P. Oehlerking, L. J. Liu, D. F. Zhang, X. J. Yu, K. -M. Walukiewicz, W. Mao, S. S. Yu, P. Y. BE Ihm, J Cheong, H TI A High Through-put Combinatorial Growth Technique for Semiconductor Thin Film Search SO PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS-30) CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Un Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP C8 Commiss), Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Seoul Metropolitan Govt, Off Naval Res Global, Korea Tourism Org, Seoul Tourism Org, POSTECH Natl Ctr Nanomat Technol (NCNT), Hindustan Univ, Samsung, LG Siltron, ICPS 29 DE thin films; combinatorial growth technique; semiconductors ID EVAPORATION AB Conventional semiconductor material growth technique is costly and time-consuming. Here we developed a new method to growth semiconductor thin films using high through-put combinatorial technique. In this way, we have successfully fabricated tens of semiconductor libraries with high crystallinity and high product of mu tau for the purpose of radiation detection.. C1 [Ma, Z. X.; Hao, H. Y.; Xiao, P.; Oehlerking, L. J.; Liu, D. F.; Zhang, X. J.; Yu, K. -M.; Walukiewicz, W.; Mao, S. S.; Yu, P. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, ZX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Zhang, Xiaojun/H-8539-2013 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1002-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1399 DI 10.1063/1.3666744 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BZB65 UT WOS:000301053000505 ER PT S AU Mao, SS Ma, ZX Oehlerking, LJ Chen, ZY Yu, PY AF Mao, S. S. Ma, Z. X. Oehlerking, L. J. Chen, Z. Y. Yu, P. Y. BE Ihm, J Cheong, H TI A High Throughput Approach to Measuring Carrier Mobility and Lifetime of Thin Film Semiconductors SO PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS-30) CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Un Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP C8 Commiss), Korean Minist Educ, Sci & Technol, Seoul Metropolitan Govt, Off Naval Res Global, Korea Tourism Org, Seoul Tourism Org, POSTECH Natl Ctr Nanomat Technol (NCNT), Hindustan Univ, Samsung, LG Siltron, ICPS 29 DE Mobility and lifetime; High through-put system; semiconductor AB A new technique has been developed to measure the carrier mobility and lifetime based on current transients produced by a sub-picosecond laser pulse. The theoretical model we proposed agrees well with the experimental data. This technique has been applied to the material libraries fabricated by the combinatorial growth technique. C1 [Mao, S. S.; Ma, Z. X.; Oehlerking, L. J.; Chen, Z. Y.; Yu, P. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mao, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1002-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1399 DI 10.1063/1.3666743 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BZB65 UT WOS:000301053000504 ER PT S AU Stapp, HP AF Stapp, Henry P. BE Sheehan, DP TI Retrocausal Effects As A Consequence of Orthodox Quantum Mechanics Refined To Accommodate The Principle Of Sufficient Reason SO QUANTUM RETROCAUSATION: THEORY AND EXPERIMENT SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Quantum Retrocausation - Theory and Experiment/92nd Annual Meeting of the Pacific Division of the American-Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Science (PD-AAAS) CY JUN 12-16, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Pacific Div (PD-AAAS), Boundary Inst DE Reason; Retrocausation; Orthodox Quantum Mechanics AB The principle of sufficient reason asserts that anything that happens does so for a reason: no definite state of affairs can come into being unless there is a sufficient reason why that particular thing should happen. This principle is usually attributed to Leibniz, although the first recorded Western philosopher to use it was Anaximander of Miletus. The demand that nature be rational, in the sense that it be compatible with the principle of sufficient reason, conflicts with a basic feature of contemporary orthodox physical theory, namely the notion that nature's response to the probing action of an observer is determined by pure chance, and hence on the basis of absolutely no reason at all. This appeal to pure chance can be deemed to have no rational fundamental place in reason-based Western science. It is argued here, on the basis of the other basic principles of quantum physics, that in a world that conforms to the principle of sufficient reason, the usual quantum statistical rules will naturally emerge at the pragmatic level, in cases where the reason behind nature's choice of response is unknown, but that the usual statistics can become biased in an empirically manifest way when the reason for the choice is empirically identifiable. It is shown here that if the statistical laws of quantum mechanics were to be biased in this way then the basically forward-in-time unfolding of empirical reality described by orthodox quantum mechanics would generate the appearances of backward-time-effects of the kind that have been reported in the scientific literature. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stapp, HP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0981-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1408 BP 31 EP 44 DI 10.1063/1.3663716 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BZB62 UT WOS:000301042200003 ER PT S AU Bader, A Bonoli, PT Granetz, RS Harvey, RW Jaeger, EF Parker, R Wukitch, SJ AF Bader, A. Bonoli, P. T. Granetz, R. S. Harvey, R. W. Jaeger, E. F. Parker, R. Wukitch, S. J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Fast-ions on Alcator C-Mod: Comparisons between Simulation and Experiment for Equilibrium and Evolving Distributions SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE ICRF; RF heating; Fast Ions; AORSA; CQL3D AB Analysis of fast-ion distributions > 100 T-e is important for both ITER and a fusion reactor, as both will have a significant population of fusion-born alpha particles. Furthermore, energetic ions may display transport properties that differ from the bulk plasma. It is imperative to benchmark current simulation codes with measurements of highly energetic fast-ions on current devices. Experimental measurements of ICRF heated H-minority plasmas on Alcator C-Mod are performed with an upgraded Compact Neutral Particle Analyzer (CNPA). The CNPA consists of vertically-viewing photodiode detectors with viewing chords from r/a = similar to 0.18 to 0.6 and energies from 150 keV to 1.5 MeV. The CNPA measurements are compared to the output of a synthetic diagnostic that has been added to the Fokker-Planck solver CQL3D. CQL3D is coupled with the full-wave solver AORSA to evolve a self-consistent fast-ion distribution. Good agreement is obtained between simulation and experiment for fast ion distributions that are in steady-state (df/dt = 0). However, there are discrepancies between the experimental and simulated results for the time-dependent evolution of the fast-ion distribution. A possible explanation of the discrepancy is due to violation of certain assumptions of quasi-linear theory. C1 [Bader, A.; Bonoli, P. T.; Granetz, R. S.; Wukitch, S. J.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harvey, R. W.] CompX Co, Del Mar, CA USA. [Jaeger, E. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bader, A (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664992 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300076 ER PT S AU Baek, SG Parker, RR Shiraiwa, S Dominguez, A Wallace, G Marmar, ES Kramer, GJ AF Baek, S. G. Parker, R. R. Shiraiwa, S. Dominguez, A. Wallace, G. Marmar, E. S. Kramer, G. J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Measurement of lower hybrid waves in scrape off layer using microwave scattering technique in Alcator C-Mod SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Lower hybrid; reflectometer; scattering; mode coupling; scrape off layer AB The direct measurement of lower hybrid (LH) waves in plasma can provide information on the propagation and absorption of LH waves in tokamak plasma and validate numerical simulations. Here, we propose to utilize the scattering of probe waves (60 GHz) off LH waves (4.6 GHz) to diagnose LH waves in the scrape off layer. We develop an analytic model to describe the scattering process in weakly inhomogeneous plasma based on the three-wave coupling problem. We then present first experimental results obtained by upgrading an ordinary-mode reflectometer system in Alcator C-Mod. C1 [Baek, S. G.; Parker, R. R.; Shiraiwa, S.; Dominguez, A.; Wallace, G.; Marmar, E. S.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kramer, G. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Baek, SG (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU US DOE [DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work is supported by US DOE awards DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664968 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300052 ER PT S AU Bertelli, N De Lazzari, D Westerhof, E AF Bertelli, N. De Lazzari, D. Westerhof, E. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI ECCD requirements for the NTM suppression SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE ECCD; NTM C1 [Bertelli, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [De Lazzari, D.; Westerhof, E.] EURATOM, FOM Inst Plasma Phys Rijnuizen, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RP Bertelli, N (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. FU European Communities; NWO-RFBR Centre of Excellence on Fusion Physics and Technology [047.018.002] FX This work, supported by the European Communities under the contract of Association between EURATOM/FOM, was carried out within the framework of the European Fusion Program. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. The work in this paper has been performed in the framework of the NWO-RFBR Centre of Excellence on Fusion Physics and Technology (grant 047.018.002) NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665025 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300109 ER PT S AU Burby, JW Kramer, GJ Phillips, CK Valeo, EJ AF Burby, J. W. Kramer, G. J. Phillips, C. K. Valeo, E. J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Effects of the Spatial Extent of Multiple Harmonic Layers SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc DE cyclotron resonance; multiple harmonic layers AB An analytic model for single particle motion in the presence of a wave field and multiple cyclotron harmonics is developed and investigated. The model suggests that even in the absence of Doppler broadening, cyclotron harmonic layers have finite spatial extent. This allows for particles to interact with more than one harmonic layer simultaneously, provided the layers are tightly packed. The latter phenomenon is investigated in the context of the model using symplectic mapping techniques. Then the model behavior is compared with numerical simulations of neutral beam particle trajectories in NSTX using the full-orbit code SPIRAL. C1 [Burby, J. W.; Kramer, G. J.; Phillips, C. K.; Valeo, E. J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Burby, JW (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664989 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300073 ER PT S AU Cohen, S Brunkhorst, C Glasser, A Landsman, A Welch, D AF Cohen, S. Brunkhorst, C. Glasser, A. Landsman, A. Welch, D. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI RF Plasma Heating in the PFRC-2 Device: Motivation, Goals and Methods SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE FRC; rotating magnetic field; RF heating; fusion reactor development ID FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATION; ROTATING MAGNETIC-FIELD; STABILITY; PARTICLE; ROTAMAK; FRC; ST AB The motivation for using radio frequency, odd-parity rotating magnetic fields for heating field-reversed-configuration (FRC) plasmas is explained. Calculations are presented of the expected electron and ion temperatures in the PFRC-2 device, currently under construction. C1 [Cohen, S.; Brunkhorst, C.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Glasser, A.] Univ Washington, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Landsman, A.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Quantum Elect, Zurich 8093, Switzerland. [Welch, D.] Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Cohen, S (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Landsman, Alexandra/I-6399-2013 OI Landsman, Alexandra/0000-0002-8194-8439 FU USDOE [DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073] FX This work was supported by USDOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664976 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300060 ER PT S AU Faust, I Terry, JL Reinke, ML Meneghini, O Shiraiwa, S Wallace, GM Parker, RR Schmidt, AE Wilson, JR AF Faust, I. Terry, J. L. Reinke, M. L. Meneghini, O. Shiraiwa, S. Wallace, G. M. Parker, R. R. Schmidt, A. E. Wilson, J. R. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Lower Hybrid Wave Induced SOL Emissivity Variation at High Density on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Lower Hybrid; Scrape Off Layer; Ionization; Collisional Absorption; Density Limit; Tikhonov Regularization AB Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak provides current profile control for the generation of Advanced Tokamak (AT) plasmas. Non-thermal electron bremsstrahlung emission decreases dramatically at (n) over bar (e) > 1.10(20) [m(-3)] for diverted discharges, indicating low current drive efficiency. It is suggested that Scrape-Off-Layer (SOL) collisional absorption of LH waves is the cause for the absence of non-thermal electrons at high density. VUV and visible spectroscopy in the SOL provide direct information on collision excitation processes. Deuterium Balmer-, Lyman- and He-I transition emission measurements were used for initial characterization of SOL electron-neutral collisional absorption. Data from Helium and Deuterium LHCD discharges were characterized by an overall increase in the emissivity as well as an outward radial shift in the emissivity profile with increasing plasma density and applied LHCD power. High-temperature, high-field (T-e = 5keV, B-t = 8T) helium discharges at high density display increased non-thermal signatures as well as reduced SOL emissivity. Variations in emissivity due to LHCD were seen in SOL regions not magnetically connected to the LH Launcher, indicating global SOL effects due to LHCD. C1 [Faust, I.; Terry, J. L.; Reinke, M. L.; Meneghini, O.; Shiraiwa, S.; Wallace, G. M.; Parker, R. R.; Schmidt, A. E.] MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Faust, I (reprint author), MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU USDOE [DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-AC02-76CH03073] FX Work supported by USDOE awards DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-AC02-76CH03073 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664967 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300051 ER PT S AU Goulding, RH Biewer, TM Caughman, JBO Chen, GC Owen, LW Sparks, DO AF Goulding, R. H. Biewer, T. M. Caughman, J. B. O. Chen, G. C. Owen, L. W. Sparks, D. O. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Operation of the ORNL High Particle Flux Helicon Plasma Source SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) AB A high power, high particle flux rf-based helicon plasma source has been constructed at ORNL and operated at power levels up to 30 kW. High-density hydrogen and helium plasmas have been produced. The source has been designed as the basis for a linear plasma materials interaction (PMI) test facility that will generate particle fluxes Gamma(p) > 10(23) M-3 s(-1), and utilize additional ion and electron cyclotron heating to produce high parallel (to the magnetic field) heat fluxes of similar to 10 MW/m(2). An rf-based source for PMI research is of interest because high plasma densities are generated with no internal electrodes, allowing true steady state operation with minimal impurity generation. The ORNL helicon source has a diameter of 15 cm and to-date has operated at a frequency f = 13.56 MHz, with magnetic field strength vertical bar B vertical bar in the antenna region up to similar to 0.15 T. Maximum densities of 3 x 10(19) M-3 in He and 2.5 x 10(19) m(-3) in H have been achieved. Radial density profiles have been seen to be dependent on the axial vertical bar B vertical bar profile. C1 [Goulding, R. H.; Biewer, T. M.; Caughman, J. B. O.; Chen, G. C.; Owen, L. W.; Sparks, D. O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Goulding, RH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Goulding, Richard/C-5982-2016; Caughman, John/R-4889-2016; OI Goulding, Richard/0000-0002-1776-7983; Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164; Biewer, Theodore/0000-0001-7456-3509 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665029 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300113 ER PT S AU Green, DL Jaeger, EF Berry, LA Ryan, PM AF Green, D. L. Jaeger, E. F. Berry, L. A. Ryan, P. M. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Predicting HHFW Heating Efficiency on NSTX via Whole-Device Full-Wave Simulation SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE RF Heating; Full-wave simulation; Tokamak ID CYCLOTRON FREQUENCY-RANGE; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; ANTENNAS AB We present a qualitative comparison of NSTX HHFW heating efficiency observations[1, 2] with results from the AORSA[3] whole-device, linear simulation. The simulation retains a realistic geometry and core plasma kinetic physics such that scrape-off plasma linear RF fields can be calculated. By examining L-mode and neutral beam heated H-mode scenarios we quantify the conditions that result in a fast-wave coaxial mode in the scrape-off plasma. These large amplitude coaxial modes are expected to damp on collisions or couple to non-linear damping mechanisms and be correlated to an observed drop in core heating efficiency. C1 [Green, D. L.; Berry, L. A.; Ryan, P. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jaeger, E. F.] XCEL Engn Inc, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Green, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Office of Science of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEAC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank Benoit LeBlanc for providing TRANSP NBI profile data. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contracts DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DEAC02-05CH11231 respectively. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664987 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300071 ER PT S AU Hosea, JC Ahn, JW Bell, RE Gerhardt, S Gray, TK Green, DL Jaeger, EF LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R McLean, A Phillips, CK Roquemore, L Ryan, PM Sabbagh, S Taylor, G Tritz, K Wilgen, J Wilson, JR AF Hosea, J. C. Ahn, J-W. Bell, R. E. Gerhardt, S. Gray, T. K. Green, D. L. Jaeger, E. F. LeBlanc, B. P. Maingi, R. McLean, A. Phillips, C. K. Roquemore, L. Ryan, P. M. Sabbagh, S. Taylor, G. Tritz, K. Wilgen, J. Wilson, J. R. CA NSTX Team BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI The Effect of ELMs on HHFW Heating of NBI Generated H-modes SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE RF Heating; ELM effects on RF power deposition; Spherical Torus AB ELMs reduce the stored energy achieved with HHFW heating compared with the ELM free case as also occurs for NBI heating alone. This reduction can be attributed both to direct ELM ejection of stored energy and to an increase in edge density with ELMs that exceeds the onset density for perpendicular wave propagation near the antenna [1,2], and leads to significantly more edge RF power deposition. This latter effect causes a more intense RF "hot" zone in the lower divertor scrape off region due to an increase in edge RF power propagating to the divertor from the antenna region along the magnetic field lines. Fast IR measurements of the direct ELM heat deposition at the lower divertor shows it to be peaked in the vicinity of the outer strike radius and to fall off strongly as the "hot" zone is approached, indicating little direct ELM effect on the "hot" zone heating. Physics studies of the "hot" zone have begun with sweeping the RF "hot" zone spiral over Rogowski instrumented divertor region tiles to show that the tile currents track the location of the zone. The relation of the results here to the AORSA RF code simulations including the SOL region is pointed out. C1 [Hosea, J. C.; Bell, R. E.; Gerhardt, S.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Phillips, C. K.; Roquemore, L.; Taylor, G.; Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Ahn, J-W.; Gray, T. K.; Green, D. L.; Jaeger, E. F.; Maingi, R.; McLean, A.; Ryan, P. M.; Wilgen, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sabbagh, S.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Tritz, K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Hosea, JC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664986 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300070 ER PT S AU Insepov, Z Norem, J Vetizer, S Mahalingam, S AF Insepov, Z. Norem, J. Vetizer, S. Mahalingam, S. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Modeling Arcs SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE arcing; unipolar arcs; gradient limits; accelerators AB Although vacuum arcs were first identified over 110 years ago, they are not yet well understood. We have since developed a model of breakdown and gradient limits that tries to explain, in a self-consistent way: arc triggering, plasma initiation, plasma evolution, surface damage and gradient limits. We use simple PIC codes for modeling plasmas, molecular dynamics for modeling surface breakdown, and surface damage, and mesoscale surface thermodynamics and finite element electrostatic codes for to evaluate surface properties. Since any given experiment seems to have more variables than data points, we have tried to consider a wide variety of arcing (rf structures, e beam welding, laser ablation, etc.) to help constrain the problem, and concentrate on common mechanisms. While the mechanisms can be comparatively simple, modeling can be challenging. C1 [Insepov, Z.; Vetizer, S.; Mahalingam, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Norem, J.] Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80803 USA. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy under Small Business Innovation Research [DE-FG02-07ER84833] FX The work at Argonne is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work of Tech-X personnel is funded by the Department of Energy under Small Business Innovation Research Contract No. DE-FG02-07ER84833. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665027 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300111 ER PT S AU Joung, M Bae, YS Jeong, JH Park, S Kim, HJ Yang, HL Park, H Cho, MH Namkung, W Hosea, J Ellis, R Sakamoto, K Kajiwara, K Doanee, J AF Joung, M. Bae, Y. S. Jeong, J. H. Park, S. Kim, H. J. Yang, H. L. Park, H. Cho, M. H. Namkung, W. Hosea, J. Ellis, R. Sakamoto, K. Kajiwara, K. Doanee, J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Status of KSTAR 170 GHz, 1 MW Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive System SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE ECH; ECCD; KSTAR AB A 170 GHz Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive (ECH/CD) system on KSTAR is designed to launch total 2.4 MW of power for up to 300 sec into the plasma. At present the first 1 MW ECH/CD system is under installation and commissioning for 2011 KSTAR campaign. The 170 GHz, 1 MW, 300 sec gyrotron and the matching optics unit (MOU) will be provided from JAEA under collaboration between NFRI and JAEA. The transmission line consists of MOU and 70 m long 63.5 mm ID corrugated waveguides with the eight miter bends. The 1 MW, 10 sec launcher is developed based on the existing two-mirror front-end launcher in collaboration with Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and Pohang University of Science and Technology, and is installed on the low field side in the KSTAR equatorial plane. The mirror pivot is located at 30 cm below from the equatorial plane. 3.6 MVA power supply system is manufactured and now is under commissioning to meet the triode gun operation of JAEA gyrotron. The power supply consists of 66 kV/55 A cathode power supply, mode-anode system, and 50 kV/160 mA body power supply. In this paper, the current status of KSTAR 170 GHz, 1 MW ECH/CD system will be presented as well as the experimental plan utilizing 170 GHz new ECH/CD system. C1 [Joung, M.; Bae, Y. S.; Jeong, J. H.; Park, S.; Kim, H. J.; Yang, H. L.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Park, H.; Cho, M. H.; Namkung, W.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang, South Korea. [Hosea, J.; Ellis, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Sakamoto, K.; Kajiwara, K.] Japan Automat Energy Agcy, Ibaraki, Japan. [Doanee, J.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. RP Joung, M (reprint author), Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664956 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300040 ER PT S AU Kaufman, MC Pesavento, PV AF Kaufman, M. C. Pesavento, P. V. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Using a Balun Transformer Combiner for High Power Microwave Experiments SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc DE rf; coaxial; combiner; balun transformer AB A novel coaxial power combiner design has been duplicated that has distinct advantages over other combiner geometries that can handle high power. This design is being applied to combine four 3 kW power supplies to obtain a 10 kW, 5 MHz system for an ICRF antenna on HSX. In the past, Wilkinson type combiners have had limited application to high power systems because of the lack of non-inductive, high power, 100 Omega balance loads. With this new design, standard 50 Omega dummy loads can be used instead for the balance load. The cost is considerably lower than lumped element combiner designs which are dominated by capacitor costs. At such a relatively low frequency, a 3-dB quarter-wave coupled-line coupler becomes impractically long, and a conventional branch-line hybrid requires 35 Omega-line, which is commercially unavailable. The balun combiner uses less transmission line than a ring hybrid and has good bandwidth characteristics even away from its best line impedance. Theoretical calculations and modeling were performed for line impedances from 65 Omega to 75 Omega. Measurements from a low-power test device show excellent agreement with theory, and construction of the high power system is underway. C1 [Kaufman, M. C.; Pesavento, P. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kaufman, MC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664947 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300031 ER PT S AU Lau, C Hanson, G Lin, Y Meneghini, O Wukitch, S Labombard, B Parker, R Shiraiwa, S Wallace, G Wilgen, J AF Lau, C. Hanson, G. Lin, Y. Meneghini, O. Wukitch, S. Labombard, B. Parker, R. Shiraiwa, S. Wallace, G. Wilgen, J. CA Alcator C-Mod Team BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Effects of ICRF and LHCD on SOL Density Profiles on Alcator C-Mod SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Scrape-off-layer; density profiles; ICRF; LH; reflectometer AB A swept-frequency X-mode reflectometer has being installed on Alcator C-Mod to measure the SOL density profiles at three poloidal locations adjacent to the new Lower Hybrid Launcher. First results on density profile modifications at the LH launcher due to ICRH or LHCD non-linear effects will be presented. Experimental measurements indicate that the application of LH power creates a density depletion near the LH launcher, which is consistent with the influence of a ponderomotive force. At high (n) over bar (e), LH power increases the density in the far SOL. Application of low ICRF power decreases the density in front of the LH launcher, which may be consistent with ICRF sheath induced convective cells. Preliminary results, however, indicate that field line mapping and increasing ICRF power do not modify the density profile significantly. C1 [Lau, C.; Lin, Y.; Meneghini, O.; Wukitch, S.; Labombard, B.; Parker, R.; Shiraiwa, S.; Wallace, G.; Alcator C-Mod Team] MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hanson, G.; Wilgen, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Lau, C (reprint author), MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI , Cornwall/0000-0002-8576-5867 FU U.S DoE [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEFC02-99ER54512] FX This work was supported by U.S DoE under awards DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DEFC02- 99ER54512. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664966 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300050 ER PT S AU Meneghini, O Lau, C Shiraiwa, S Wallace, GM Parker, RR LaBombard, BL Faust, IC Wilson, JR Wukitch, SJ AF Meneghini, O. Lau, C. Shiraiwa, S. Wallace, G. M. Parker, R. R. LaBombard, B. L. Faust, I. C. Wilson, J. R. Wukitch, S. J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI SOL Effects on LH Wave Coupling and Current Drive Performance on Alcator C-Mod SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Lower Hybrid; ponderomotive; fullwave; reflectometer; POND; LHEAF ID LOWER-HYBRID WAVES; PLASMA; FREQUENCY; GRILL; ASDEX; EDGE AB On Alcator C-Mod, the LH wave coupling was observed to degrade at higher launched n(parallel to) equivalent to ck(parallel to/)omega, suggesting that the waves have to tunnel through a millimetric evanescent layer between the plasma and the launcher. Subsequent edge density profile measurements by means of an X-mode SOL reflectometer were able to accurately document density depletion in the presence of high power LHRF. Good coupling was recovered for non-perturbative power level experiments (few Watts), confirming the role of high power LHRF waves on the edge plasma profiles. The measured reflection coefficients and density profiles were well reproduced by means of a fullwave Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation in which the density depletion by ponderomotive forces is self-consistently taken into account via an iterative approach. This model has been verified with previous 1-D calculations and has been seamlessly extended to efficiently model arbitrary 2-D or 3-D geometries. Considering a realistic geometry further exacerbates the density depletion in front of the launcher and is a key ingredient to get good agreement with the reflectometer measurements. The characterization of the plasma behavior in the vicinity of the coupler fits into a broader investigation taking place at Alcator C-Mod, which aims at understanding the role of the SOL on the LHCD efficiency. In particular, focus has been given to the loss of current drive which is observed at high density. Several experimental observations, supported by ray tracing/Fokker-Planck modeling, suggesting this is due to parasitic absorption in the SOL. Initial results using the LHEAF fullwave code and a 2D SOL model which includes the effects of flux expansion and parallel heat transport are presented. C1 [Meneghini, O.; Lau, C.; Shiraiwa, S.; Wallace, G. M.; Parker, R. R.; LaBombard, B. L.; Faust, I. C.; Wukitch, S. J.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wilson, J. R.] PPPL, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Meneghini, O (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI , Cornwall/0000-0002-8576-5867 FU USDOE [DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-AC02-76CH03073] FX Work supported by USDOE awards DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-AC02-76CH03073 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665004 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300088 ER PT S AU Perkins, RJ Bellan, PM AF Perkins, R. J. Bellan, P. M. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Elimination of Radio-Frequency Noise by Identifying and Diverting Large RF Ground Currents SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Electromagnetic interference; noise; ground loops; shielding AB The problem of electromagnetic interference in scientific instruments is compounded for high-power plasma experiments by the large currents and voltages as well as by the broad bandwidths of the instruments. Ground loops are known to allow stray magnetic fields to drive large ground currents that can induce spurious signals and damage electronics. Furthermore, even when a ground loop is broken, capacitive coupling can still permit the flow of radio-frequency current, resulting in high-frequency spurious signals that can overwhelm the desired signal. We present the effects of RF ground loops on the output of vacuum photodiodes used in the Caltech Solar Loop Experiment and demonstrate the elimination of the spurious signals by diverting the ground currents away from the most vulnerable point of the signal line. Techniques for identifying the RF ground loops are also discussed. These techniques should be valuable in many high-power systems where interference from spurious coupling is an issue. C1 [Perkins, R. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ 08540 USA. [Bellan, P. M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Perkins, RJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ 08540 USA. EM rperkins@pppl.gov FU DOE; AFOSR; NSF FX Work supported by DOE, AFOSR, and NSF NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665028 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300112 ER PT S AU Phillips, CK Jaeger, EF Berry, LA Bonoli, PT Valeo, EJ Hosea, JC LeBlanc, BP Ryan, PM Smithe, DN Wilson, JR Wright, JC AF Phillips, C. K. Jaeger, E. F. Berry, L. A. Bonoli, P. T. Valeo, E. J. Hosea, J. C. LeBlanc, B. P. Ryan, P. M. Smithe, D. N. Wilson, J. R. Wright, J. C. CA NSTX Team RF SciDAC Team BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Slow Wave Excitation in the ICRF and HHFW Regimes SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE RF Heating; Spherical Torus; Tokamaks ID ION-CYCLOTRON FREQUENCY AB Theoretical considerations and high spatial resolution numerical simulations of radio frequency (rf) wave heating in tokamaks and in spherical toruses (ST) indicate that fast waves launched into tokamaks in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) or into spherical toruses in the high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) regime may excite a short wavelength slow mode inside of the plasma discharge due to the presence of hot electrons that satisfy the condition. = 2.5 MW. These plasmas have little or no edge localized mode (ELM) activity during HHFW heating, a substantial increase in stored energy and a sustained central electron temperature of 5-6 keV. Another focus of NSTX HHFW research is to heat an H-mode generated by 90 keV neutral beam injection (NBI). Improved HHFW coupling to NBI-generated H-modes has resulted in a broad increase in electron temperature profile when HHFW heating is applied. Analysis of a closely matched pair of NBI and HHFW+NBI H-mode plasmas revealed that about half of the antenna power is deposited inside the last closed flux surface (LCFS). Of the power damped inside the LCFS about two-thirds is absorbed directly by electrons and one-third accelerates fast-ions that are mostly promptly lost from the plasma. At longer toroidal launch wavelengths, HHFW+ NBI H-mode plasmas can have an RF power flow to the divertor outside the LCFS that significantly reduces RF power deposition to the core. ELMs can also reduce RF power deposition to the core and increase power deposition to the edge. Recent full wave modeling of NSTX HHFW+ NBI H-mode plasmas, with the model extended to the vessel wall, predicts a coaxial standing mode between the LCFS and the wall that can have large amplitudes at longer launch wavelengths. These simulation results qualitatively agree with HHFW+NBI H-mode data that show decreasing core RF heating efficiency and increasing RF power flow to the lower divertor at longer launch wavelengths. C1 [Taylor, G.; Hosea, J. C.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Phillips, C. K.; Valeo, E. J.; Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Jaeger, E. F.; Maingi, R.; Ryan, P. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bonoli, P. T.; Wright, J. C.] MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harvey, R. W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. RP Taylor, G (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664985 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300069 ER PT S AU Tsujii, N Porkolab, M Bonoli, PT Lin, Y Wright, JC Wukitch, SJ Jaeger, EF Harvey, RW AF Tsujii, N. Porkolab, M. Bonoli, P. T. Lin, Y. Wright, J. C. Wukitch, S. J. Jaeger, E. F. Harvey, R. W. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI ICRF Mode Conversion Studies with Phase Contrast Imaging and Comparisons with Full-Wave Simulations SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE ICRF; mode conversion; phase contrast imaging; Alcator C-Mod; AORSA; CQL3D; TORIC ID PLASMAS AB Waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) are widely used to heat tokamak plasmas. In a multi-ion-species plasma, the FW converts to ion cyclotron waves (ICW) and ion Bernstein waves (IBW) around the ion-ion hybrid resonance (mode conversion). The mode converted wave is of interest as an actuator to optimise plasma performance through flow drive and current drive. Numerical simulations are essential to describe these processes accurately, and it is important that these simulation codes be validated. On Alcator C-Mod, direct measurements of the mode converted waves have been performed using Phase Contrast Imaging (PCI), which measures the line-integrated electron density fluctuations. The results were compared to full-wave simulations AORSA and TORIC. AORSA is coupled to a Fokker-Planck code CQL3D for self-consistent simulation of the wave electric field and the minority distribution function. The simulation results are compared to PCI measurements using synthetic diagnostic. The experiments were performed in D-H and D-3He plasmas over a wide range of ion species concentrations. The simulations agreed well with the measurements in the strong absorption regime. However, the measured fluctuation intensity was smaller by 1-2 orders of magnitudes in the weakly abosorbing regime, and a realistic description of the plasma edge including dissipation and antenna geometry may be required in these cases. C1 [Tsujii, N.; Porkolab, M.; Bonoli, P. T.; Lin, Y.; Wright, J. C.; Wukitch, S. J.] MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Jaeger, E. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Harvey, R. W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA USA. RP Tsujii, N (reprint author), MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-94-ER54235, DE-FC02-99-ER54512]; NERSC; SciDAC Center [DE-FC02-01ER54648] FX The authors thank the Alcator C-Mod operation and ICRF technical support group. This research used the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center Theory Group parallel computational cluster Loki. This work is supported by U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-94-ER54235 and DE-FC02-99-ER54512. This work used computing resources provided through NERSC and the SciDAC Center for Simulation of Wave Plasma Interactions (USDoE contract No. DE-FC02-01ER54648). NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3664980 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300064 ER PT S AU Wallace, GM Hubbard, AE Shiraiwa, S Bonoli, PT Faust, IC Harvey, RW Hughes, JW LaBombard, BL Lau, C Meneghini, O Parker, RR Reinke, ML Schmidt, AE Smirnov, AP Terry, JL Whyte, DG Wilson, JR Wright, JC Wukitch, SJ AF Wallace, G. M. Hubbard, A. E. Shiraiwa, S. Bonoli, P. T. Faust, I. C. Harvey, R. W. Hughes, J. W. LaBombard, B. L. Lau, C. Meneghini, O. Parker, R. R. Reinke, M. L. Schmidt, A. E. Smirnov, A. P. Terry, J. L. Whyte, D. G. Wilson, J. R. Wright, J. C. Wukitch, S. J. BE Phillips, CK Wilson, JR TI Lower hybrid current drive in a high density diverted tokamak SO RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas/US-Japan Workshop on RF Physics CY JUN 01-03, 2011 CL Newport, RI SP Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Amer Phys Soc (APS) DE Lower hybrid current drive; scrape off layer; density limit; collisional absorption; ray tracing AB Experimental observations of LHCD at high density ((n) over bar (e) > 10(20) m(-3)) on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak are presented in this paper. Bremsstrahlung emission from relativistic fast electrons in the core plasma drops sharply in single null discharges well below the density limit previously observed on limited tokamaks (omega/omega(LH) similar to 2). Modeling and experimental evidence suggest that the absence of LH driven fast electrons at high density may be due to collisional absorption in the scrape off layer. Experiments show that the expected current drive density dependence is recovered for inner wall limited discharges across the range of densities scanned (0.5 x 10(20) m(-3) < <(n)over bar>(e) < 1.5 x 10(20) m(-3)). Increasing T-e in the periphery of the plasma (0.8 < r/a < 1.0) also results in a modest increase in non-thermal electron emission at high <(n)over bar>(e). Ray tracing/Fokker-Planck simulations of these discharges predict the observed sensitivity to plasma position when the effects of collisional absorption in the SOL are included in the model. C1 [Wallace, G. M.; Hubbard, A. E.; Shiraiwa, S.; Bonoli, P. T.; Faust, I. C.; Hughes, J. W.; LaBombard, B. L.; Lau, C.; Meneghini, O.; Parker, R. R.; Reinke, M. L.; Schmidt, A. E.; Terry, J. L.; Whyte, D. G.; Wright, J. C.; Wukitch, S. J.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harvey, R. W.; Smirnov, A. P.] CompX, Del Mar, CA USA. [Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Wallace, GM (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Smirnov, Alexander /A-4886-2014; OI , Cornwall/0000-0002-8576-5867 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work supported by US Department of Energy awards DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0978-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1406 DI 10.1063/1.3665005 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BZB60 UT WOS:000301041300089 ER PT S AU Liang, XG Olynick, DL Cabrini, S Bokor, J AF Liang, Xiaogan Olynick, Deirdre L. Cabrini, Stefano Bokor, Jeffrey BE Roozeboom, F Kwong, DL Timans, PJ Gusev, EP Iwai, H Ozturk, MC Narayanan, V TI Single-Digit Nanofabrication Routes for Tailoring and Assembling Graphene into Functional Nanotructures and Devices SO SILICON COMPATIBLE MATERIALS, PROCESSES, AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADVANCED INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Silicon Compatible Materials, Processes, and Technologies for Advanced Integrated Circuits and Emerging Applications/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY MAY 02-04, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Elect & Photon, Dielect Sci & Technol, IBM, Mattson Technol, Qualcomm ID NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; NANORIBBONS; IMPRINT AB We present an integrative methodology for creating orderly arranged graphene nanostructures with critical dimensions within sub-10 nm regime. The whole methodology consists of several techniques previously developed and reported by our group. Here we present a more systematic and complementary discussion and overview of these technical steps. The technology and prototype devices presented here may serve as an important basis for future graphene-based electronics. C1 [Liang, Xiaogan; Olynick, Deirdre L.; Cabrini, Stefano; Bokor, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nanofabricat Facil, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liang, XG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nanofabricat Facil, Mol Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-213-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 2 BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1149/1.3568848 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BZB59 UT WOS:000301040100007 ER PT S AU Shea-Rohwer, LE Martin, JE Chu, DW AF Shea-Rohwer, Lauren E. Martin, James E. Chu, Dahwey BE Roozeboom, F Kwong, DL Timans, PJ Gusev, EP Iwai, H Ozturk, MC Narayanan, V TI Die/wafer Sub-micron Alignment Strategies for Semiconductor Device Integration SO SILICON COMPATIBLE MATERIALS, PROCESSES, AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADVANCED INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Silicon Compatible Materials, Processes, and Technologies for Advanced Integrated Circuits and Emerging Applications/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY MAY 02-04, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Elect & Photon, Dielect Sci & Technol, IBM, Mattson Technol, Qualcomm ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; CAPILLARY FORCES; WAFERS AB This study explores self-aligning patterns to achieve sub-micron alignment of die/wafers. We have patterned 2-d arrays of gold lines, whose width is half the periodicity, onto substrates. When commensurate patterns are brought into contact, the surface interactions between the Au lines enables high-resolution alignment, manually. Self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on the Au, further enhance the surface interactions, enabling alignment in less than half the time as for the uncoated die. A computation of the alignment force and torque between two featured surfaces illustrates how best to pattern surfaces to maximize the tendency to align. An array of lines with a sinusoidal modulation in their spacing is more tolerant of initial misalignment, yet retains the high registration force of periodic line arrays. The optimal registration pattern might be a single spiral, as it generates both a radial force and a torque. Such patterns on die/wafers would enable precision device integration. C1 [Shea-Rohwer, Lauren E.; Martin, James E.; Chu, Dahwey] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Shea-Rohwer, LE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS0892, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-213-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 2 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1149/1.3568857 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BZB59 UT WOS:000301040100016 ER PT S AU Vora, SD AF Vora, S. D. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Recent Developments in the SECA Program SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund AB The development of an electric power generation technology that effectively uses coal, our major domestic energy source, and meets environmental requirements and water conservation needs, is of crucial importance to the United States. Work to achieve that objective is being done by the U. S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy. Embodied in the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) program, the development of the required power generation technology is centered on the solid oxide fuel cell as the key enabling technology, and is being done at the National Energy Technology Laboratory. The overall SECA program goal is the development of power generation technology for cost-effective, high-efficiency, central-station (> 100 MWe) power systems that are equipped for effective carbon capture, and which restrict to specified levels the emission of other pollutants such as mercury, NOx, and SOx. SECA program status and accomplishments are reviewed. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Vora, SD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1149/1.3569973 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770100001 ER PT S AU Williams, MC Gemmen, R Richards, G AF Williams, M. C. Gemmen, R. Richards, G. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Evaluation of Fuel Cell Performance and Degradation SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund ID TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; OXIDE AB The concepts of area specific resistance (ASR) and degradation are developed for different fuel cell operating modes. The concepts of exergetic efficiency and entropy production were related to ASR and degradation. It is shown that exergetic efficiency is a time-dependent function useful in describing the thermal efficiency of a fuel cell and the change in thermal efficiency of a degrading fuel cell. Entropy production was evaluated for the cases of constant voltage operation and constant current operation of the fuel cell for a fuel cell undergoing ohmic degradation. Under constant voltage operation, the Gaussian hypergeometric function describes the cumulative entropy and electrical work produced by the fuel cell. The Gaussian hypergeometric function is found in many applications in modern physics. This paper builds from and is an extension of several papers recently published by the authors in the Journal of The Electrochemical Society (ECS), ECS Transactions, Journal of Power Sources, and the Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology. C1 [Williams, M. C.; Gemmen, R.; Richards, G.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26501 USA. RP Williams, MC (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26501 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 621 EP 636 DI 10.1149/1.3570041 PG 16 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770101016 ER PT S AU Ryan, EM Recknagle, KP Khaleel, MA AF Ryan, E. M. Recknagle, K. P. Khaleel, M. A. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Modeling the Electrochemistry of an SOFC through the Electrodes and Electrolyte SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; TRANSPORT; ANODE; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; CATHODE AB This paper describes a distributed electrochemistry model of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes and electrolyte. The distributed electrochemistry (DEC) model solves the transport, reactions, and electric potential through the thickness of the SOFC electrodes. The DEC model allows the local conditions within the electrodes to be studied and allows for a better understanding of how electrochemical and microstructural parameters affect the SOFC performance. In this paper the governing equations and implementation of the DEC model are presented along with several case studies which are used to investigate the sensitivity of the SOFC performance to the microstructural and electrochemical parameters of the cathode and to explore methods of improving the electrochemical performance of the SOFC cathode. C1 [Ryan, E. M.; Recknagle, K. P.; Khaleel, M. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ryan, EM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 841 EP 851 DI 10.1149/1.3570065 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770101040 ER PT S AU Nelson, GJ Peracchio, AA Cassenti, BN Chiu, WKS AF Nelson, George J. Peracchio, Aldo A. Cassenti, Brice N. Chiu, Wilson K. S. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Analytical Models for SOFC Electrodes with Variable Cross-Section Microstructures SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; COMPOSITE ELECTRODES; INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE; AIR CATHODES; POLARIZATION; PERFORMANCE; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; CHARGE AB An extended surface modeling concept is applied to charge transport within the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrode microstructure using an analytical modeling approach analogous to thermal fin analysis. The approach presented has the ability to account for variable cross-section solid geometry. One-dimensional models are presented for microstructural geometries with variable cross-sections simulated by periodic structures composed of conical base units. Predictions of electrode performance based on these one-dimensional models are compared to measured electrode performance in the literature. This comparison demonstrates the merit of applying the models developed to the design of electrode microstructure. A set of dimensionless parameters and performance metrics are presented for the assessment of electrode microstructure. There parameters and metrics are further applied to the definition of microstructure-related transport regimes relevant to electrode design. C1 [Nelson, George J.; Peracchio, Aldo A.; Cassenti, Brice N.; Chiu, Wilson K. S.] Univ Connecticut, HeteroFoaM Ctr, DOE Energy Frontier Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Nelson, GJ (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, HeteroFoaM Ctr, DOE Energy Frontier Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, 191 Auditorium Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 913 EP 921 DI 10.1149/1.3570072 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770101047 ER PT S AU Zhi, MJ Mariani, N Gerdes, K Wu, NQ AF Zhi, Mingjia Mariani, Nicholas Gerdes, Kirk Wu, Nianqiang BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Nanofiber Scaffold for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund ID FABRICATION AB Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method. The diameter of the nanofibers is around 200 nm and tens of microns. The crystal phase and morphology of the nanofibers were examined. The nanofibers exhibit chemical and structural stability at high temperatures. The results indicate these nanostructures are promising materials for fabricating high performance solid oxide fuel cell cathode. C1 [Zhi, Mingjia; Gerdes, Kirk; Wu, Nianqiang] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Zhi, MJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 2201 EP 2207 DI 10.1149/1.3570213 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770104024 ER PT S AU Lee, S Miller, N Manivannan, A AF Lee, Shiwoo Miller, Nicholas Manivannan, A. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Microstructural Control of Composite Cathode by Wetting Nature of Infiltrated Solutions SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund AB Wetting behavior of metal nitrates solution on a SDC-LSCF composite cathode of SOFC was investigated. Electrode overpotential of a fuel cell cathode prepared by infiltration is significantly affected by microstructural modification, which is, in turn, a function of wettability of solution components such as nitrate solution and cation species. Surface energies, which determine characteristic wetting behavior, could be varied by components' surface properties. Preferential wetting behavior expected from a model experiment using dense pellets was reasonably demonstrated for real composite cathodes. C1 [Lee, Shiwoo; Miller, Nicholas; Manivannan, A.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 2401 EP 2407 DI 10.1149/1.3570236 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770104047 ER PT S AU Tucker, MC Cheng, L DeJonghe, LC AF Tucker, M. C. Cheng, L. DeJonghe, L. C. BE Singhal, SC Eguchi, K TI Cathode Contact Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 12 (SOFC XII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Inc (ECS), High Temp Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc, Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dokiya Mem Fund AB Various cathode contact paste material (CCM) candidates are fabricated and screened for CTE, conductivity, sintering behavior, and reactivity with LSCF and (Mn,Co)(3)O-4. The most promising candidates, LSCF, SSC, LSCuF, LSC, and NCC are subjected to ASR testing on LSCF and MCO-coated 441 steel coupons. LSC provides the lowest and most stable ASR on both substrate types. C1 [Tucker, M. C.; Cheng, L.; DeJonghe, L. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tucker, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cheng, Lei/C-5143-2014; Cheng, Lei/F-9170-2014 OI Cheng, Lei/0000-0001-5498-9246; Cheng, Lei/0000-0001-5498-9246 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-212-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 2625 EP 2630 DI 10.1149/1.3570262 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ11 UT WOS:000300770105015 ER PT S AU Watkins, ML Amaya, IA Keller, PE Hughes, MA Beck, ED AF Watkins, Michael L. Amaya, Ivan A. Keller, Paul E. Hughes, Michael A. Beck, Edward D. GP IEEE TI Autonomous Detection of Distracted Driving by Cell Phone SO 2011 14TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITSC) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITSC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) CY OCT 05-07, 2011 CL Campus George Washington Univ (GWU), Washington, DC SP IEEE, George Washington Univ (GWU), Sch Engn & Appl Sci, IEEE ITS Soc, Ctr Intelligent Syst Res (CISR), FHWA/NHTSA Natl Crash Anal Ctr (NCAC) HO Campus George Washington Univ (GWU) DE distracted driving; texting; cognitive imparment; entropy AB Driver distraction is a major factor in loss of life and property on our nation's highways and the broader transportation systems. The role of wireless devices as a source of distraction is well established, significant, and growing. The potential of enabling such devices with the intelligence to detect distracted cognitive states of vehicle operators is of significant interest. This paper describes a concept that enables cell phones to autonomously detect distracted driving behaviors associated with texting. Unlike conventional methods, this detection paradigm measures how texting performance is affected by driving instead of how driving performance is affected by texting, which is well documented. This new approach can be extended to other device inputs such as speech and is compatible with a spectrum of countermeasure actions to mitigate the source of distraction. A cell phone was programmed to log keystroke dynamics using a common operating system. This platform was used to characterize the texting dynamics of six subjects. Study participants were observed texting alone and, during a separate session, while texting and operating a driving simulator. This study yielded reliable distracted driving signatures that are independent of the explicit communications language and text content. This paper discusses the results in light of acknowledged distracted driving challenges, the potential of using the method for autonomous mitigation, and the speed of classification. C1 [Watkins, Michael L.; Amaya, Ivan A.; Keller, Paul E.; Hughes, Michael A.; Beck, Edward D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99336 USA. RP Watkins, ML (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99336 USA. EM michael.watkins@pnl.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0009 BN 978-1-4577-2197-7 J9 IEEE INT C INTELL TR PY 2011 BP 1960 EP 1965 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Transportation GA BYG96 UT WOS:000298654700321 ER PT S AU Dong, J Mahmassani, HS AF Dong, Jing Mahmassani, Hani S. GP IEEE TI Stochastic Modeling of Traffic Flow Breakdown Phenomenon: Application to Predicting Travel Time Reliability SO 2011 14TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITSC) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITSC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) CY OCT 05-07, 2011 CL Campus George Washington Univ (GWU), Washington, DC SP IEEE, George Washington Univ (GWU), Sch Engn & Appl Sci, IEEE ITS Soc, Ctr Intelligent Syst Res (CISR), FHWA/NHTSA Natl Crash Anal Ctr (NCAC) HO Campus George Washington Univ (GWU) DE travel time reliability; flow breakdown probability; duration model; heterogeneous drivers; car-following model; Monte Carlo simulation ID CAR-FOLLOWING THEORY AB This paper presents a modeling approach to generate random flow breakdowns on congested freeways and capture the subsequent wave propagation among heterogeneous drivers. The approach is intended for predicting travel time variability caused by such stochastic phenomena. It is assumed that breakdown may occur at different flow levels with some probability, and would sustain for a random duration. This is modeled at the microscopic level by considering speed changes that are initiated by a leading vehicle and propagated by the following vehicles with correlated-distributed behavioral parameters. Numerical results from a Monte Carlo simulation demonstrate that the proposed stochastic modeling approach produces realistic macroscopic traffic flow behavior and can be used to generate travel time distributions. C1 [Dong, Jing] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6472, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mahmassani, Hani S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Dong, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6472, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dongj@ornl.gov; masmah@northwestern.edu RI Mahmassani, Hani/B-7029-2009 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0009 BN 978-1-4577-2197-7 J9 IEEE INT C INTELL TR PY 2011 BP 2112 EP 2117 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Transportation GA BYG96 UT WOS:000298654700346 ER PT S AU Giancardo, L Meriaudeau, F Karnowski, TP Li, Y Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Giancardo, L. Meriaudeau, F. Karnowski, T. P. Li, Y. Tobin, K. W., Jr. Chaum, E. GP IEEE TI AUTOMATIC QUALITY ENHANCEMENT AND NERVE FIBRE LAYER ARTEFACTS REMOVAL IN RETINA FUNDUS IMAGES BY OFF AXIS IMAGING SO 2011 18TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 11-14, 2011 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE Diabetes; Retinopathy; Image registration; Image quality; Image restoration ID FREE-FORM DEFORMATIONS; SUPERRESOLUTION; REGISTRATION AB Retinal fundus images acquired with non-mydriatic digital fundus cameras are a versatile tool for the diagnosis of various retinal diseases. Even with relative ease of use, the images produced sometimes suffer from reflectance artefacts mainly due to the nerve fibre layer (NFL) or camera lens related reflections. We propose a technique that employs multiple fundus images to obtain a single higher quality image without these reflectance artefacts, which also compensates for a suboptimal illumination. The removal of bright artefacts, can have great benefits for the reduction of false positives in the detection of retinal lesions by automatic systems or manual inspection. The fundus images are acquired by changing the stare point of the patient but keeping the camera fixed. Between each shot, the apparent shape and position of all the retinal structures that do not exhibit isotropic reflectance (e.g. bright artefacts) change. This physical effect is exploited by our algorithm. C1 [Giancardo, L.; Meriaudeau, F.] Univ Burgundy, Dijon, France. [Giancardo, L.; Karnowski, T. P.; Tobin, K. W., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Li, Y.; Chaum, E.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Giancardo, L (reprint author), Univ Burgundy, Dijon, France. OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4577-1303-3 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2011 BP 49 EP 52 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BYI89 UT WOS:000298962500013 ER PT S AU Babacan, SD Luessi, M Spinoulas, L Katsaggelos, AK Gopalsami, N Elmer, T Ahern, R Liao, S Raptis, A AF Babacan, S. D. Luessi, M. Spinoulas, L. Katsaggelos, A. K. Gopalsami, N. Elmer, T. Ahern, R. Liao, S. Raptis, A. GP IEEE TI COMPRESSIVE PASSIVE MILLIMETER-WAVE IMAGING SO 2011 18TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 11-14, 2011 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc (SPS) DE Passive millimeter wave imaging; compressive sensing; Bayesian methods; sparse reconstruction AB In this paper, we present a novel passive millimeter-wave (PMMW) imaging system designed using compressive sensing principles. We employ randomly encoded masks at the focal plane of the PMMW imager to acquire incoherent measurements of the imaged scene. We develop a Bayesian reconstruction algorithm to estimate the original image from these measurements, where the sparsity inherent to typical PMMW images is efficiently exploited. Comparisons with other existing reconstruction methods show that the proposed reconstruction algorithm provides higher quality image estimates. Finally, we demonstrate with simulations using real PMMW images that the imaging duration can be dramatically reduced by acquiring only a few measurements compared to the size of the image. C1 [Babacan, S. D.; Luessi, M.; Spinoulas, L.; Katsaggelos, A. K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept EECS, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Babacan, S. D.] Univ Illinois, Inst Bacteriol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gopalsami, N.; Elmer, T.; Ahern, R.; Liao, S.; Raptis, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Babacan, SD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept EECS, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Katsaggelos, Aggelos/B-7233-2009; Katsaggelos, Aggelos/I-8002-2012; Molina Soriano, Rafael/B-1849-2012 OI Molina Soriano, Rafael/0000-0003-4694-8588 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4577-1303-3 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2011 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BYI89 UT WOS:000298962502209 ER PT S AU Lal, J Harder, R Makowski, L AF Lal, Jyotsana Harder, Ross Makowski, Lee GP IEEE TI X-ray coherent diffraction imaging of cellulose fibrils in situ SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID RADIAL GROWTH AB Cellulose is the most abundant renewable source of organic molecules on earth[1]. As fossil fuel reserves become depleted, the use of cellulose as a feed stock for fuels and chemicals is being aggressively explored. Cellulose is a linear polymer of glucose that packs tightly into crystalline fibrils that make up a substantial proportion of plant cell walls. Extraction of the cellulose chains from these fibrils in a chemically benign process has proven to be a substantial challenge [2]. Monitoring the deconstruction of the fibrils in response to physical and chemical treatments would expedite the development of efficient processing methods. As a step towards achieving that goal, we here describe Bragg-coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) as an approach to producing images of cellulose fibrils in situ within vascular bundles from maize. C1 [Lal, Jyotsana; Harder, Ross] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lal, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jlal@anl.gov; rharder@aps.anl.gov; makowski@ece.neu.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 528 EP 530 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810000127 ER PT S AU Kabilan, S Kuprat, AP Hlastala, MP Corley, RA Einstein, DR AF Kabilan, Senthil Kuprat, Andrew P. Hlastala, Michael P. Corley, Richard A. Einstein, Daniel R. GP IEEE TI A Multiscale Bidirectional Coupling Framework SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID FLOW; AIRWAYS; LUNG AB The lung is geometrically articulated across multiple scales from the trachea to the alveoli. A major computational challenge is to tightly link ODEs that describe lower scales to 3D finite element or finite volume models of airway mechanics using iterative communication between scales. In this study, we developed a novel multiscale computational framework for bidirectionally coupling 3D CFD models and systems of lower order ODEs. To validate the coupling framework, a four and eight generation Weibel lung model was constructed. For the coupled CFD-ODE simulations, the lung models were truncated at different generations and a RL circuit represented the truncated portion. The flow characteristics from the coupled models were compared to untruncated full 3D CFD models at peak inhalation and peak exhalation. Results showed that at no time or simulation was the difference in mass flux and/or pressure at a given location between uncoupled and coupled models was greater than 2.43%. The flow characteristics at prime locations for the coupled models showed good agreement to uncoupled models. Remarkably, due to reuse of the Krylov subspace, the cost of the ODE coupling is not much greater than uncoupled full 3D-CFD computations with simple prescribed pressure values at the outlets. C1 [Kabilan, Senthil; Kuprat, Andrew P.; Corley, Richard A.; Einstein, Daniel R.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Hlastala, Michael P.] Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Kabilan, S (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM senthil.kabilan@pnl.gov; andrew.kuprat@pnl.gov; hlastala@u.washignton.edu; rick.corley@pnl.gov; daniel.einstein@pnl.gov FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bioengineering Research Partnership [R01 HL073598] FX This work was financially supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bioengineering Research Partnership Grant R01 HL073598 (Richard A. Corley, PI). NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 2414 EP 2417 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810002039 ER PT S AU Wheeler, JW Dabling, JG Chinn, D Turner, T Filatov, A Anderson, L Rohrer, B AF Wheeler, Jason W. Dabling, Jeffrey G. Chinn, Douglas Turner, Timothy Filatov, Anton Anderson, Larry Rohrer, Brandon GP IEEE TI MEMS-Based Bubble Pressure Sensor for Prosthetic Socket Interface Pressure Measurement SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID SHEAR STRESSES AB The ability to chronically monitor pressure at the prosthetic socket/residual limb interface could provide important data to the research and clinical communities. With this application in mind, we describe a novel type of sensor which consists of a MEMS pressure sensor and custom electronics packaged in a fluid-filled bubble. The sensor is characterized and compared to two commercially-available technologies. The bubble sensor has excellent drift performance and good sensing resolution. It exhibits hysteresis which may be due to the silicone that the sensor is molded in. To reduce hysteresis, it may be advisable to place the sensor between the liner and the socket rather molding directly into the liner. C1 [Wheeler, Jason W.; Dabling, Jeffrey G.; Chinn, Douglas; Turner, Timothy; Filatov, Anton; Anderson, Larry; Rohrer, Brandon] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wheeler, JW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwwheel@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 2925 EP 2928 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810002164 ER PT S AU Devisetti, K Karnowski, TP Giancardo, L Li, Y Chaum, E AF Devisetti, K. Karnowski, T. P. Giancardo, L. Li, Y. Chaum, E. GP IEEE TI Geographic Atrophy Segmentation in Infrared and Autofluorescent Retina Images using Supervised Learning SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) AB Geographic Atrophy (GA) of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an advanced form of atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and is responsible for about 20% of AMD-related legal blindness in the United States. Two different imaging modalities for retinas, infrared imaging and autofluorescence imaging, serve as interesting complimentary technologies for highlighting GA. In this work we explore the use of neural network classifiers in performing segmentation of GA in registered infrared (IR) and autofluorescence (AF) images. Our segmentation achieved a performance level of 82.5% sensitivity and 92.9% specificity on a per-pixel basis using hold-one-out validation testing. The algorithm, feature extraction, data set and experimental results are discussed and shown. C1 [Devisetti, K.; Li, Y.; Chaum, E.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, 930 Madison Ave,Suite 731, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Karnowski, T. P.; Giancardo, L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Devisetti, K (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, 930 Madison Ave,Suite 731, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 FU National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R01 EY017065]; Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY; Plough Foundation, Memphis TN FX This work supported in part by the National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01 EY017065), Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY, the Plough Foundation, Memphis TN. This paper was prepared by University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN-38163 and OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, 37831-6285, operated by UTBATTELLE, LLC for the US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 3958 EP 3961 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810003075 ER PT S AU Karnowski, TP Aykac, D Giancardo, L Li, Y Nichols, T Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Karnowski, T. P. Aykac, D. Giancardo, L. Li, Y. Nichols, T. Tobin, K. W., Jr. Chaum, E. GP IEEE TI Automatic Detection of Retina Disease: Robustness to Image Quality and Localization of Anatomy Structure SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; SEGMENTATION AB The automated detection of diabetic retinopathy and other eye diseases in images of the retina has great promise as a low-cost method for broad-based screening. Many systems in the literature which perform automated detection include a quality estimation step and physiological feature detection, including the vascular tree and the optic nerve / macula location. In this work, we study the robustness of an automated disease detection method with respect to the accuracy of the optic nerve location and the quality of the images obtained as judged by a quality estimation algorithm. The detection algorithm features microaneurysm and exudate detection followed by feature extraction on the detected population to describe the overall retina image. Labeled images of retinas ground-truthed to disease states are used to train a supervised learning algorithm to identify the disease state of the retina image and exam set. Under the restrictions of high confidence optic nerve detections and good quality imagery, the system achieves a sensitivity and specificity of 94.8% and 78.7% with area-under-curve of 95.3%. Analysis of the effect of constraining quality and the distinction between mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, normal retina images, and more severe disease states is included. C1 [Karnowski, T. P.; Aykac, D.; Giancardo, L.; Nichols, T.; Tobin, K. W., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Karnowski, TP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 5959 EP 5964 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810004220 ER PT S AU Santos-Villalobos, H Karnowski, TP Aykac, D Giancardo, L Li, Y Nichols, T Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Santos-Villalobos, H. Karnowski, T. P. Aykac, D. Giancardo, L. Li, Y. Nichols, T. Tobin, K. W., Jr. Chaum, E. GP IEEE TI Statistical Characterization and Segmentation of Drusen in Fundus Images SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; MACULAR DEGENERATION; AUTOMATED DETECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Age related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a disease of the retina associated with aging. AMD progression in patients is characterized by drusen, pigmentation changes, and geographic atrophy, which can be seen using fundus imagery. The level of AMD is characterized by standard scaling methods, which can be somewhat subjective in practice. In this work we propose a statistical image processing approach to segment drusen with the ultimate goal of characterizing the AMD progression in a data set of longitudinal images. The method characterizes retinal structures with a statistical model of the colors in the retina image. When comparing the segmentation results of the method between longitudinal images with known AMD progression and those without, the method detects progression in our longitudinal data set with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.99. C1 [Santos-Villalobos, H.; Karnowski, T. P.; Aykac, D.; Giancardo, L.; Nichols, T.; Tobin, K. W., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Santos-Villalobos, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hsantos@ornl.gov OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 6236 EP 6241 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810004287 ER PT S AU Peng, Q Holland, SE Choong, WS Budinger, TF Moses, WW AF Peng, Q. Holland, S. E. Choong, W. S. Budinger, T. F. Moses, W. W. GP IEEE TI Real-time quantitative ex vivo direct autoradiography with 10 mu m pixel resolution SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) DE Charge Coupled Device; Autoradiography; Cancer; Biopsy ID PHOSPHOR AB We present three new autoradiography methods to map positron emission rate of a bio-specimen slice with high resolution. One is based on LBNL scientific charge coupled device (CCD) and the other two are based on conventional CCDs. High conversion efficiency (100k e-h pairs / 0.5MeV positron) and low dark current (1.75x10(-4) e/pix/sec) can be achieved using the LBNL CCD. The theoretical calculations and preliminary experiments show that an 86 mu m spatial resolution can be achieved when imaging a 100 mu m thick tissue soaked with F-18 which produce higher energy positron. The main disadvantage of the LBNL CCD we tested is that a very low operating temperature is required to eliminate dark current. This dramatically increases the system cost. In addition, the integration time of the CCD needs to be short enough to avoid overlapping of the positron trajectories. Conventional CCDs have lower conversion efficiency (2k e-h pairs / 0.5MeV positron) and higher dark current (200 e-/pix/sec), but are more cost-efficient and the requirement for the readout frequency is much lower. The conversion efficiency of the conventional CCD imager can be improved by 17 times by inserting a 100 mu m layer of phosphor between the sample and the imager. However, the light emitted from the phosphor screen will be similar to 100 mu m diameter, which severely degrades the spatial resolution. A high readout frequency is also required to avoid the overlapping. The CCD systems designed in this study will be used to map positron emission rate of bio-specimens such as cancerous tissues acquired in regular biopsy procedure. They can also be used to corroborate tracer kinetic modeling at a cellular level. C1 [Peng, Q.; Holland, S. E.; Choong, W. S.; Budinger, T. F.; Moses, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peng, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Qpeng@lbl.gov RI peng, qiyu/G-1586-2013; Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 6273 EP 6276 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810004295 ER PT S AU LeMoyne, R Mastroianni, T Grundfest, W AF LeMoyne, Robert Mastroianni, Timothy Grundfest, Warren GP IEEE TI Wireless accelerometer iPod application for quantifying gait characteristics SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) DE gait; locomotion; iPod application; iPod; wireless accelerometer; gait quantification ID SYSTEM; PROPRIOCEPTION; RELIABILITY; DISORDERS AB The capability to quantify gait characteristics through a wireless accelerometer iPod application in an effectively autonomous environment may alleviate the progressive strain on highly specific medical resources. The iPod consists of the inherent attributes imperative for robust gait quantification, such as a three dimensional accelerometer, data storage, flexible software, and the capacity for wireless transmission of the gait data through email. Based on the synthesis of the integral components of the iPod, a wireless accelerometer iPod application for quantifying gait characteristics has been tested and evaluated in an essentially autonomous environment. The quantified gait acceleration waveforms were wirelessly transmitted using email for post-processing. The site for the gait experiment occurred in a remote location relative to the location where the post-processing was conducted. The wireless accelerometer iPod application for quantifying gait characteristics demonstrated sufficient accuracy and consistency. C1 [LeMoyne, Robert] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP LeMoyne, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rlemoyn@sandia.gov; cognitionengineering@gmail.com; warrenbe@seas.ucla.edu NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 7904 EP 7907 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810006007 ER PT S AU Enlow, MA Ju, T Kakadiaris, IA Carson, JP AF Enlow, Matthew A. Ju, Tao Kakadiaris, Ioannis A. Carson, James P. GP IEEE TI Lossless 3-D reconstruction and registration of semi-quantitative gene expression data in the mouse brain SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) ID ATLAS; PATTERNS; STRESS; MECP2 AB As imaging, computing, and data storage technologies improve, there is an increasing opportunity for multiscale analysis of three-dimensional datasets (3-D). Such analysis enables, for example, microscale elements of multiple macroscale specimens to be compared throughout the entire macroscale specimen. Spatial comparisons require bringing datasets into co-alignment. One approach for co-alignment involves elastic deformations of data in addition to rigid alignments. The elastic deformations distort space, and if not accounted for, can distort the information at the microscale. The algorithms developed in this work address this issue by allowing multiple data points to be encoded into a single image pixel, appropriately tracking each data point to ensure lossless data mapping during elastic spatial deformation. This approach was developed and implemented for both 2-D and 3-D registration of images. Lossless reconstruction and registration was applied to semi-quantitative cellular gene expression data in the mouse brain, enabling comparison of multiple spatially registered 3-D datasets without any augmentation of the cellular data. Standard reconstruction and registration without the lossless approach resulted in errors in cellular quantities of similar to 8%. C1 [Enlow, Matthew A.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Enlow, Matthew A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ju, Tao] Washington Univ, Dept Comp Engn & Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Kakadiaris, Ioannis A.] Univ Houston, Dept Comp Sci, Computat Biomed Lab, Houston, TX USA. [Carson, James P.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Enlow, MA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM menlow@uwyo.edu; taoju@wustl.edu; ikakadia@uh.edu; james.carson@pnl.gov OI Kakadiaris, Ioannis/0000-0002-0591-1079 FU National Science Foundation [BDI 0743691]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1R21NS058553-01]; LDRD [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship Program FX This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation (BDI 0743691), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (1R21NS058553-01), LDRD DE-AC05-76RL01830, and the Department of Energy Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship Program. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 8086 EP 8089 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810006052 ER PT S AU Peng, QY Omata, S Peehl, DM Constantinou, CE AF Peng, Qiyu Omata, Sadao Peehl, Donna M. Constantinou, Chris E. GP IEEE TI Stiffness mapping prostate biopsy samples using a tactile sensor SO 2011 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS) DE Stiffness mapping; tactile sensor; Cancer; Biopsy ID REAL-TIME ELASTOGRAPHY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA CELLS; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; CANCER; DIAGNOSIS; ULTRASOUND AB Previous studies have demonstrated that the stiffness of cancerous cells reflects their pathological stage and progression rates, with increased cancerous cell stiffness associated with increased aggressiveness. Therefore, the elasticity of the cancerous cells has the potential to be used as an indicator of the cancer's aggressiveness. However, the sensitivity and resolution of current palpation and imaging techniques are not sufficient to detect small cancerous tissues. In previous studies, we developed a tactile-based device to map with high resolution the stiffness of a tissue section. The purpose of this study is to evaluate this device using different tissues (BPH, Cancer and PZ) collected from human prostates. The preliminary results show that the tactile device is sensitive enough to tell the differences of the stiffness of different tissues. The results also disclosed the factors (humidity, temperature and tissue degradation) which could dramatically affect the results of stiffness mapping. The tactile technology described in this paper has the potential to help disclose the underlying mechanical mechanisms that lead to increased stiffness in prostate tumors. C1 [Peng, Qiyu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Omata, Sadao] Nihon Univ, Coll Engn, Koriyama, Fukushima 963, Japan. [Peehl, Donna M.; Constantinou, Chris E.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Peng, QY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Qpeng@lbl.gov RI peng, qiyu/G-1586-2013 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-4122-8 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2011 BP 8515 EP 8518 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYH52 UT WOS:000298810006159 ER PT S AU Chen, CC Choe, YR Chuah, CN Mohapatra, P AF Chen, Chao-Chih Choe, Yung Ryn Chuah, Chen-Nee Mohapatra, Prasant GP IEEE TI - Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Packet Capturing Tools for Web Services SO 2011 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (GLOBECOM 2011) SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM) CY DEC 05-09, 2011 CL Houston, TX SP IEEE AB Network measurement is a discipline that provides the techniques to collect data that are fundamental to many branches of computer science. While many capturing tools and comparisons have made available in the literature and elsewhere, the impact of these packet capturing tools on existing processes have not been thoroughly studied. While not a concern for collection methods in which dedicated servers are used, many usage scenarios of packet capturing now requires the packet capturing tool to run concurrently with operational processes. In this paper we perform experimental evaluations of the performance impact that packet capturing process have on web-based services; in particular, we observe the impact on web servers. We find that packet capturing processes indeed impact the performance of web servers, but on a multi-core system the impact varies depending on whether the packet capturing and web hosting processes are co-located or not. In addition, the architecture and behavior of the web server and process scheduling is coupled with the behavior of the packet capturing process, which in turn also affect the web server's performance. C1 [Chen, Chao-Chih; Mohapatra, Prasant] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Choe, Yung Ryn] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Chuah, Chen-Nee] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chen, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cchchen@ucdavis.edu; yrchoe@sandia.gov; chuah@ucdavis.edu; pmohapatra@ucdavis.edu FU Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Is supported in part by fellowship from Sandia National Laboratories.; Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-9268-8 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2011 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYU77 UT WOS:000300509001102 ER PT S AU Deaton, JD Wernz, C DaSilva, LA AF Deaton, Juan D. Wernz, Christian DaSilva, Luiz A. GP IEEE TI Decision Analysis of Dynamic Spectrum Access Rules SO 2011 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (GLOBECOM 2011) SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM) CY DEC 05-09, 2011 CL Houston, TX SP IEEE AB spectrum sharing through the design of spectrum access rules that support Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA). This paper develops a decision-theoretic framework for regulators to assess the impacts of different spectrum access rules on both primary and secondary operators. We analyze access rules based on sensing and exclusion areas, which in practice can be enforced through geolocation databases. Our results show that receiver-only sensing provides insufficient protection for primary and co-existing secondary users and overall low social welfare. On the other hand, using combining sensing information of the transmitter and receiver of a communication link provides dramatic increases in system performance. The performance of using these link end points is relatively close to that of using many cooperative sensing nodes associated to the same access point and large link exclusion areas. These results are useful to regulators and network developers in understanding in developing rules for future DSA regulation. C1 [Deaton, Juan D.] Idaho Natl Lab, N&HS Directorate, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Deaton, Juan D.; DaSilva, Luiz A.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wernz, Christian] Virginia Tech, Grad Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [DaSilva, Luiz A.] CTVR, Trinity Coll, Dublin, Ireland. RP Deaton, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, N&HS Directorate, Idaho Falls, ID USA. FU National Laboratory (INL) through Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Science Foundation Ireland [10/IN.1/I3007] FX This work is supported by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) through the Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paidup, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Department of Energy or the U.S. Government. This material is also based upon works supported by the Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 10/IN.1/I3007. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-9268-8 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYU77 UT WOS:000300509002146 ER PT S AU Vatsavai, R Tuttle, M Bhaduri, B Bright, E Cheriyadat, A Chandola, V Graesser, J AF Vatsavai, R. Tuttle, M. Bhaduri, B. Bright, E. Cheriyadat, A. Chandola, V. Graesser, J. GP IEEE TI RAPID DAMAGE ASSESSMENT USING HIGH-RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) DE One; two; three; four; five ID CHANGE-VECTOR ANALYSIS; LAND-COVER CHANGE; MULTITEMPORAL SPACE AB Accurate damage assessment due to major natural and anthropogenic disasters is becoming critical due to increasing human and economic losses. This increase in loss of life and severe damages can be attributed to the growing population, and human migration and settlements in disaster prone regions of the world. Rapid damage assessment and dissemination of accurate information is critical for creating an effective emergency response. Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) based techniques and tools are playing an important function in disaster damage assessment and reporting activities. In this review, we will look into the current state of art, in damage assessment using remote sensing and GIS based techniques. C1 [Vatsavai, R.; Tuttle, M.; Bhaduri, B.; Bright, E.; Cheriyadat, A.; Chandola, V.; Graesser, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vatsavai, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 1445 EP 1448 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049338 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496301125 ER PT S AU Roberts, RS Pope, PA Vatsavai, RR Jiang, M Arrowood, LF Trucano, TG Gleason, S Cheriyadat, A Sorokine, A Katsaggelos, AK Pappas, TN Gaines, LR Chilton, LK AF Roberts, Randy S. Pope, Paul A. Vatsavai, Raju R. Jiang, Ming Arrowood, Lloyd F. Trucano, Timothy G. Gleason, Shaun Cheriyadat, Anil Sorokine, Alex Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Pappas, Thrasyvoulos N. Gaines, Lucinda R. Chilton, Lawrence K. GP IEEE TI DESIGN OF BENCHMARK IMAGERY FOR VALIDATING FACILITY ANNOTATION ALGORITHMS SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) DE Benchmark imagery; Algorithm validation; Ontology; Benchmark variability; Real annotated imagery; Validation using synthetic imagery AB The design of benchmark imagery for validation of image annotation algorithms is considered. Emphasis is placed on imagery that contains industrial facilities, such as chemical refineries. An application-level facility ontology is used as a means to define salient objects in the benchmark imagery. Instrinsic and extrinsic scene factors important for comprehensive validation are listed, and variability in the benchmarks discussed. Finally, the pros and cons of three forms of benchmark imagery: real, composite and synthetic, are delineated. C1 [Roberts, Randy S.; Jiang, Ming] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Pope, Paul A.; Gaines, Lucinda R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gleason, Shaun; Cheriyadat, Anil; Sorokine, Alex] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Trucano, Timothy G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chilton, Lawrence K.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Arrowood, Lloyd F.] Natl Secur Complex Y12, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Katsaggelos, Aggelos K.; Pappas, Thrasyvoulos N.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Roberts, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM roberts38@llnl.gov RI Katsaggelos, Aggelos/B-7233-2009; Katsaggelos, Aggelos/I-8002-2012; Sorokine, Alexandre/G-5746-2013; Pappas, Thrasyvoulos/D-5054-2013; Pappas, Thrasyvoulos/B-7261-2009 FU Office of Non proliferation Research Development; National Nuclear Security Administration; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL-CONF [480881. v1.02] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Slepoy, Program Manager, Simulations, Algorithms, and Modeling; Office of Non proliferation Research & Development, National Nuclear Security Administration, for his support of this research.; This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Labo- ratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-CONF- 480881. v1.02 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 1453 EP 1456 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049340 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496301127 ER PT S AU Gleason, SS Dema, M Sari-Sarraf, H Cheriyadat, A Vatsavai, R Ferrell, R AF Gleason, Shaun S. Dema, Mesfin Sari-Sarraf, Hamed Cheriyadat, Anil Vatsavai, Raju Ferrell, Regina GP IEEE TI VERIFICATION & VALIDATION OF A SEMANTIC IMAGE TAGGING FRAMEWORK VIA GENERATION OF GEOSPATIAL IMAGERY GROUND TRUTH SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) DE Markov Random Field (MRF); Maximum Entropy (ME); Stochastic Context Free Grammars (SCFG); Synthetic Imagery AB As a result of increasing geospatial image libraries, many algorithms are being developed to automatically extract and classify regions of interest from these images. However, limited work has been done to compare, validate and verify these algorithms due to the lack of datasets with high accuracy ground truth annotations. In this paper, we present an approach to generate a large number of synthetic images accompanied by perfect ground truth annotation via learning scene statistics from few training images through Maximum Entropy (ME) modeling. The ME model [1,2] embeds a Stochastic Context Free Grammar (SCFG) to model object attribute variations with Markov Random Fields (MRF) with the final goal of modeling contextual relations between objects. Using this model, 3D scenes are generated by configuring a 3D object model to obey the learned scene statistics. Finally, these plausible 3D scenes are captured by ray tracing software to produce synthetic images with the corresponding ground truth annotations that are useful for evaluating the performance of a variety of image analysis algorithms. C1 [Gleason, Shaun S.; Cheriyadat, Anil; Vatsavai, Raju; Ferrell, Regina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Dema, Mesfin; Sari-Sarraf, Hamed] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Gleason, SS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. FU NA-22 office of the National Nuclear Security Administration within the Department of Energy; [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored by the NA-22 office of the National Nuclear Security Administration within the Department of Energy. This manuscript has been authored by employees of UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DEAC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We would also like to thank Dr. Jake Porway for his timely and valuable comments and advice on the subject matter. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 1577 EP 1580 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049372 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496301159 ER PT S AU Mahrooghy, M Younan, NH Anantharaj, VG Aanstoos, J AF Mahrooghy, Majid Younan, Nicolas H. Anantharaj, Valentine G. Aanstoos, James GP IEEE TI HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATE USING CLUSTER ENSEMBLE CLOUD CLASSIFICATION SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) DE Clustering method; neural networks; feature extraction; image texture analysis ID CONSENSUS; PARTITIONS; MODELS; SYSTEM AB The link-based cluster ensemble (LCE) method is applied to a high resolution satellite precipitation estimation (HSPE) algorithm, a modified form of the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Imagery using an Artificial Neural Network Cloud Classification (PERSIANN-CCS) algorithm. The HSPE involves the following four steps: 1) segmentation of infrared cloud images into patches; 2) cloud patch feature extraction; 3) clustering and classification of cloud patches using cluster ensemble technique; and 4) dynamic application of brightness temperature (Tb) and rain rate relationships, derived using satellite observations. The LCE method combines multiple data partitions from different clustering in order to cluster the cloud patches. The results show that using the cluster ensemble increase the performance of rainfall estimates if compared to the HSPE algorithm using Self Organizing Map (SOM). The Heidke Skill Score (HSS) is improved 5% to 7% at medium and high level of rainfall thresholds. C1 [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.; Aanstoos, James] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Anantharaj, Valentine G.] Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mahrooghy, M (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 2645 EP 2648 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049746 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496302166 ER PT S AU Pan, J Lenhardt, C Wilson, B Palanisamy, G Cook, R Shrestha, B AF Pan, Jerry Lenhardt, Christopher Wilson, Bruce Palanisamy, Giri Cook, Robert Shrestha, Biva GP IEEE TI GEOSCIENCE DATA CURATION USING A DIGITAL OBJECT MODEL AND OPEN-SOURCE FRAMEWORKS: PROVENANCE APPLICATIONS SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) C1 [Pan, Jerry; Lenhardt, Christopher; Wilson, Bruce; Palanisamy, Giri; Cook, Robert; Shrestha, Biva] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pan, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lenhardt, W Christopher/H-3257-2016; OI Lenhardt, W Christopher/0000-0001-9677-784X; Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 3815 EP 3818 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6050062 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496303199 ER PT S AU Wang, Q Pepin, M Beach, RJ Dunkel, R Atood, T Doerry, AW Santhanam, B Gerstle, W Hayat, MM AF Wang, Qi Pepin, Matthew Beach, Ryan J. Dunkel, Ralf Atood, Tom Doerry, Armin W. Santhanam, Balu Gerstle, Walter Hayat, Majeed M. GP IEEE TI DEMONSTRATION OF TARGET VIBRATION ESTIMATION IN SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE GRSS) DE synthetic aperture radar; vibration estimation; fractional fourier transform; micro-Doppler effect ID FRACTIONAL FOURIER-TRANSFORM AB Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) can be used to remotely estimate ground target vibrations by exploiting the Doppler in the returned signals. Recent studies suggest that time-frequency signal-processing tools can retrieve the vibration signature from the returned SAR signals. A vibration estimation method based on the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) was reported earlier and it was tested on simulated SAR data. In this paper, a first-time demonstration of the FRFT-based vibration estimation method is reported using real SAR data collected by the Lynx (Ku-band) SAR system. The vibrating target is an aluminum triangular trihedral with lateral length of 15 inches. The FRFT-based algorithm is shown to successfully retrieve a 3 mm peak-to-peak amplitude, 5 Hz vibration of the target from real SAR data. C1 [Wang, Qi; Pepin, Matthew; Beach, Ryan J.; Atood, Tom; Santhanam, Balu; Hayat, Majeed M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Beach, Ryan J.] General Atom Aeronaut Syst Inc, San Diego, CA 92064 USA. [Atood, Tom; Doerry, Armin W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gerstle, Walter] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hayat, Majeed M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. FU United States Department of Energy [DE-FG52-08NA28782]; National Science Foundation [IIS-0813747]; National Consortium for MASINT Research; Sandia National Laboratories FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy (Award No. DE-FG52-08NA28782), the National Science Foundation (Award No. IIS-0813747), National Consortium for MASINT Research, and Sandia National Laboratories. The authors also thank GA-ASI for making the Lynx system available to this project. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4577-1005-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2011 BP 4083 EP 4086 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6050130 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BXX72 UT WOS:000297496304013 ER PT J AU Kim, B Olsson, RH Smart, K Wojciechowski, KE AF Kim, Bongsang Olsson, Roy H., III Smart, Kevin Wojciechowski, Kenneth E. GP IEEE TI MEMS Resonators with Extremely Low Vibration and Shock Sensitivity SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect AB MEMS resonator-based oscillators have demonstrated extreme low susceptibility to acceleration. Specifically, oscillators were built employing 100nm-gap electro-statically transduced polysilicon MEMS resonators. An oscillator based upon the Lame-mode of a square-shaped resonator anchored at four corners demonstrated a measured acceleration sensitivity of Gamma(in-plane)=2.1ppb/g and Gamma(out-of-plane)=3.8ppb/g. An oscillator referencing the same design resonator with an additional anchor at the center measured even lower acceleration sensitivity by 5x, Gamma(out-of-plane)=0.74 ppb/g. These measured values are on-par with the current low-G sensitivity quartz-based oscillators. In separately performed drop tests, these oscillators have shown only -7.7 ppm frequency deviation through an 11,000G impact, which corresponds to an acceleration sensitivity of 0.70 ppb/g. Such extremely low sensitivity to vibrations and shocks enables the use MEMS resonators in environments with extremely high accelerations such as in military and aerospace applications. C1 [Kim, Bongsang; Olsson, Roy H., III; Smart, Kevin; Wojciechowski, Kenneth E.] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kim, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bonkim@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 606 EP 609 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200142 ER PT J AU Greve, DW Zheng, P Chin, TL Oppenheim, IJ Malone, V AF Greve, D. W. Zheng, Peng Chin, T. -L. Oppenheim, Irving J. Malone, V. GP IEEE TI Wireless Harsh-Environment Oxygen Sensors SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect AB Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors fabricated on high-temperature piezoelectric substrates can be applied as harsh-environment oxygen sensors. In this paper we report recent results on the stability of the response of ZnO/ langasite SAW sensors. We also describe the development of conjugate-matched compact antennas for wireless sensing. C1 [Greve, D. W.; Zheng, Peng; Chin, T. -L.; Oppenheim, Irving J.; Malone, V.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Greve, DW (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM dg07@andrew.cmu.edu NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 635 EP 638 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200149 ER PT J AU Sankaranarayanan, SKRS Singh, R Bhethanabotla, VR AF Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. Singh, Reetu Bhethanabotla, Venkat R. GP IEEE TI Engineering picogram level detection using high frequency surface acoustic wave chemical and biological sensors based on multilayered Diamond/AlN/LiNbO3 substrates SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect ID DEVICES AB Operating SAW devices in the GHz frequency range can enable detection of single molecules by imparting high sensitivities and low detection limits. In the present work, we used 3-D coupled field structural as well as fluid-solid interaction finite element models to study the acoustic wave propagation characteristics of diamond/AlN/LiNbO3 multi-layered piezoelectric surface acoustic wave devices under the influence of fluid loading for applications in chemical and biological sensing. These devices were studied as a method to increase device frequency and sensitivity, and maintain standard fabrication procedures. The operating frequency of SAW devices is directly proportional to the substrate's acoustic wave velocity; hence the highest acoustic wave velocity material ( diamond) is needed for fabrication of MEMS GHz frequency devices. The aluminum nitride piezoelectric layer also has a very high acoustic wave velocity and a fairly large piezoelectric coupling coefficient along its c-axis, in comparison to other piezoelectric materials. Although recent experimental investigations have realized GHz frequency devices based on such multilayered substrates, very little is known about the acoustic wave propagation characteristics in these devices. Identifying the optimum configuration and thickness of the various layers involved still represents a challenge, which is addressed in this work. C1 [Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. [Singh, Reetu; Bhethanabotla, Venkat R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Sensors Res Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Sankaranarayanan, SKRS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. EM skrssank@anl.gov; reetusin@mail.usf.edu; venkat@eng.usf.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 743 EP 746 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200176 ER PT J AU Sankaranarayanan, SKRS Singh, R Bhethanabotla, VR AF Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. Singh, Reetu Bhethanabotla, Venkat R. GP IEEE TI Influence of Non-Newtonian Fluid Dynamics on SAW Induced Acoustic Streaming in View of Biological Applications SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect DE Non Newtonian Fluids; Acoustic streaming; SAW; Biofouling; Finite element method ID WAVES AB Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are finding increasing use in medical diagnostic applications, such as detection of specific proteins in bodily fluids for detection of pathologies. These devices can also be used in Lab-On-a-Chip devices for biological applications that utilize micro-fluidics for detection, transport, mixing, and biological assays. In applications aimed at biological sensing, the sensing medium such as blood exhibits a non-Newtonian behavior. In biosensing applications of SAW devices, SAW induced acoustic streaming which refers to fluid motion induced by high frequency sound waves, is an important phenomenon that can be used for the removal of non-specifically bound proteins from the device surface. Acoustic streaming also finds use in a wide variety of other applications such as detection of ovarian cysts and detection of blood clotting via ultrasound and convective transport in microfluidic applications of SAW devices. This work reports on the influence of non-Newtonian fluid dynamics on the acoustic streaming and fluid velocity profiles in SAW devices, using a computational fluid-structure interaction finite element model. C1 [Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. [Bhethanabotla, Venkat R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Sensors Res Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Sankaranarayanan, SKRS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. EM skrssank@anl.gov; reetusin@mail.usf.edu; venkat@eng.usf.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 1546 EP 1549 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200378 ER PT J AU Ziaei-Moayyed, M Okandan, M AF Ziaei-Moayyed, Maryam Okandan, Murat GP IEEE TI CMOS-Compatible Gate-All-Around Silicon Nanowire detector SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect AB In this paper, we demonstrate gate-all-around (GAA) single crystalline nanowires (SiNWs) that are fabricated using top-down standard CMOS front-end processes. The GAA silicon nanowires are fabricated in well-defined locations with high-quality electrical contacts, and controlled geometry and alignment. These SiNW FETs fabricated in this process have demonstrated repeatable electrical performance with threshold voltages of similar to 0.2V and subthreshold slopes of similar to 80mV/dec. The p-i-n silicon nanowires are highly sensitive to the intensity and polarization of the incident light. The results in this work demonstrate that individual SiNWs are good candidates for high resolution optical sensing and allow for tuning of the optical properties of the nanoscale devices by precise control of the nanowire geometry and orientation of the incident light. These top-down fabricated SiNWs can be easily integrated in high density arrays for enhanced light absorption, resulting in imaging sensors with nanoscale spatial resolution. C1 [Ziaei-Moayyed, Maryam; Okandan, Murat] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Microsyst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ziaei-Moayyed, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Microsyst Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mziaeim@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 1608 EP 1611 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200395 ER PT J AU Sankaranarayanan, SKRS Singh, R Bhethanabotla, VR AF Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. Singh, Reetu Bhethanabotla, Venkat R. GP IEEE TI Multi-scale modeling to study mechanism of biofouling elimination in a surface acoustic wave biosensor SO 2011 IEEE SENSORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 28-31, 2011 CL Limerick, IRELAND SP IEEE, IEEE SENSORS Council, ANALOG DEVICES, Failte Ireland, irelandinspires.com, Silicon Labs, Sci Fdn Ireland (SFI), Intel, Competence Ctr, Microelect DE Multiscale modeling; Acoustic streaming; SAW; Biofouling; Finite element method; Molecular dynamics AB Biofouling is one of the most critical problems which plaques all biosensing devices operating in fluid media. Acoustic streaming phenomena has the potential to eliminate biofouling; however, the microscopic mechanism of streaming induced non-specific protein removal is largely unknown. In this work, a novel multiscale simulation model is developed to evaluate the effects of acoustic streaming flow on a functionalized nanoparticle typically employed in biosensing applications. First, we investigate a finite element fluid solid interaction (FE-FSI) model of acoustic streaming phenomenon resulting from the interaction of surface acoustic waves (Rayleigh mode) with liquid loading is developed. The fluid-velocity fields are imposed as boundary conditions in an atomistic simulation model to evaluate the effects of streaming velocity fields on the protein molecule attached to a nanoparticle sensing material. The multi-scale model would provide insights into the dynamics of fluid flow and the interplay of various fluid induced adhesive and removal forces at the atomistic level which is critical for efficient removal of non-specifically-bound proteins from the biosensor surface. C1 [Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. [Singh, Reetu; Bhethanabotla, Venkat R.] Univ S Florida, Sensors Res Lab, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Sankaranarayanan, SKRS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. EM skrssank@anl.gov; reetusin@mail.usf.edu; venkat@eng.usf.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors wish to thank the Academic Computing Center at University of South Florida for providing the computational facilities. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9289-3 PY 2011 BP 1705 EP 1708 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYR66 UT WOS:000299901200417 ER PT S AU Wang, YX Chen, YCK Chiu, WKS AF Wang, Yuxin Chen, Yu-chen Karen Chiu, Wilson K. S. BE Lakshmanan, B Brisard, G Sethuraman, V TI in situ 3D Imaging and Characterization of Nano-structures with X-ray nano-CT Technique SO CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS MATERIALS 3 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Characterization of Porous Materials 3/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Energy Technol, Phys & Analyt Electrochem, Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn AB High-resolution x-ray microscopy and nano-CT provides a new approach to non-invasively and non-destructively study nano-structures in situ and in operando. Combined with tunable synchrotron x-ray sources, the elemental and certain chemical compositions can also be mapped dynamically in 3D. These capabilities are valuable for studying electrochemical systems, particularly those involving electrochemical reactions with porous structures at tens of nm to micron scale. The paper gives an introduction of this technique with several examples. C1 [Wang, Yuxin] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, YX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-284-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 24 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1149/1.3643331 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BYZ65 UT WOS:000300821300003 ER PT S AU Ziomek-Moroz, M Bullard, S Rozman, K Kruzic, JJ AF Ziomek-Moroz, M. Bullard, S. Rozman, K. Kruzic, J. J. BE Fujimoto, S Virtanen, S Hansen, DC TI Effects of Inclusions in HSLA Carbon Steel on Pitting Corrosion in CaCl2 SO CORROSION (GENERAL) - 219TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium on Corrosion General Session/Symposium on Nanocrystal Embedded Dielectrics for Electronic and Photonic Devices CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Corros, Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon AB Susceptibility of high strength low alloy steel to localized corrosion was studied in 6.7 M CaCl2 for oil and natural gas drilling applications. Results of the immersion and electrochemical experiments showed that the steel is susceptible to pitting corrosion. Optical microscopy investigations of the polished samples revealed that 10% of the surface area was occupied by defects in the form of pits. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) chemical analyses revealed higher concentrations of Mn and S compared to the metal matrix in defected areas. These areas served as the sites for development of corrosion pits during both immersion and electrochemical experiments. The fatigue results of the corroded samples indicate that if the pit was the most significant defect, the fatigue crack initiated and propagated at this site. C1 [Ziomek-Moroz, M.; Bullard, S.; Rozman, K.; Kruzic, J. J.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Ziomek-Moroz, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RI Kruzic, Jamie/M-3558-2014 OI Kruzic, Jamie/0000-0002-9695-1921 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-919-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 17 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1149/1.3641285 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYY27 UT WOS:000300708700002 ER PT S AU Driscoll, PF Deunf, E Rubin, L Luca, O Crabtree, R Chidsey, C Arnold, J Kerr, JB AF Driscoll, Peter F. Deunf, Elise Rubin, Leah Luca, Oana Crabtree, Robert Chidsey, Christopher Arnold, John Kerr, John B. BE Brisard, G Wieckowski, A TI Redox Catalysis for Dehydrogenation of Liquid Hydrogen Carrier Fuels for Energy Storage and Conversion SO ELECTROCATALYSIS 5 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrocatalysis 5/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochem ID ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS; FERROCENE DERIVATIVES; REDUCTION; HALIDES AB The process of redox catalysis has been known and well studied theoretically and experimentally for several decades. Studies of redox catalysis can be instrumental in determining mechanistic aspects of electrochemical reactions and in measuring basic thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. The application of redox catalysis to the electrochemical dehydrogenation of organic molecules is of interest for a hybrid flow battery/fuel cell system for energy storage. Redox catalysis has the ability to reduce the overpotential of the dehydrogenation reaction used in such a system. The mechanism of catalysis can involve an ECE-type reaction or a CEE-type reaction. In either case the acid-base chemistry of the medium is critical. Preliminary results of catalytic current measurements as a function of redox catalyst, base concentration, and base strength are described along with possible reaction mechanisms. C1 [Driscoll, Peter F.; Deunf, Elise; Rubin, Leah; Arnold, John; Kerr, John B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Driscoll, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-288-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 28 BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1149/1.3641814 PG 15 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ91 UT WOS:000300873900001 ER PT S AU Pierce, MS Komanicky, V Barbour, A Hennessy, DC Suc, JD Sandy, A Zhu, C You, H AF Pierce, M. S. Komanicky, V. Barbour, A. Hennessy, D. C. Suc, J. -D. Sandy, A. Zhu, C. You, H. BE Brisard, G Wieckowski, A TI In-Situ Coherent X-ray Scattering and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies of Hexagonally Reconstructed Au(001) in Electrolytes SO ELECTROCATALYSIS 5 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrocatalysis 5/219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochem ID INTERFACES; AU(111) AB We studied dynamics of Au(001) surface in situ in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte solution using both coherent x-ray scattering and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The surface of Au(001) is known to reconstruct at cathodic potentials; the reconstruction lifts at anodic potentials. In our in-situ STM experiments, the measurements focus on time-dependent progressions of surface morphology during slow potential sweep. In our in-situ coherent x-ray scattering measurements, we demonstrate that the equilibrium surface dynamics are directly measurable and the measured dynamics are consistent with morphological evolution of the STM images. These experiments represent the first successful application of coherent x-ray scattering to the study of electrochemical interfaces in situ. C1 [Pierce, M. S.; Komanicky, V.; Barbour, A.; Hennessy, D. C.; Zhu, C.; You, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pierce, MS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011; Pierce, Michael/D-5570-2014 OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483; Pierce, Michael/0000-0002-9209-8556 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-288-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 28 BP 71 EP 81 DI 10.1149/1.3641820 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BYZ91 UT WOS:000300873900007 ER PT J AU Ramachandran, J Pattichis, MS Scuderi, L Baba, JS AF Ramachandran, Janakiramanan Pattichis, Marios S. Scuderi, LouisA. Baba, Justin S. TI Tree Image Growth Analysis Using Instantaneous Phase Modulation SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON ADVANCES IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; POPLAR; RECONSTRUCTIONS; SYSTEMS AB We propose the use of Amplitude-Modulation Frequency-Modulation (AM-FM) methods for tree growth analysis. Tree growth is modeled using phase modulation. For adapting AM-FM methods to different images, we introduce the use of fast filterbank filter coefficient computation based on piecewise linear polynomials and radial frequency magnitude estimation using integer-based Savitzky-Golay filters for derivative estimation. For a wide range of images, a simple filterbank design with only 4 channel filters is used. Filterbank specification is based on two different methods. For each input image, the FM image is estimated using dominant component analysis. A tree growth model is developed to characterize and depict quarterly and half-seasonal growth of trees using instantaneous phase. Qualitative evaluation of inter- and intraring reconstruction is performed on 20 aspen images and a mixture of 12 tree images of various types. Qualitative scores indicate that the results were mostly of good to excellent quality (4.4/5.0 and 4.0/5.0 for the two databases, resp.). C1 [Ramachandran, Janakiramanan; Pattichis, Marios S.; Baba, Justin S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Scuderi, LouisA.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Baba, Justin S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pattichis, MS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM pattichis@ece.unm.edu OI Pattichis, Marios/0000-0002-1574-1827 FU BioEnergy Science Center at ORNL; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors would like to especially thank Gerald Tuskan for his useful inputs. This work was partially supported by the BioEnergy Science Center at ORNL; the BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. Research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1687-6180 J9 EURASIP J ADV SIG PR JI EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. PY 2011 AR 586865 DI 10.1155/2011/586865 PG 22 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 901US UT WOS:000300993800001 ER PT J AU Chu, IK Laskin, J AF Chu, Ivan K. Laskin, Julia TI Review Formation of peptide radical ions through dissociative electron transfer in ternary metal-ligand-peptide complexes SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Review DE peptide radical ions; gas-phase chemistry; mass spectrometry; collision-induced dissociation; surface-induced dissociation; metal-ligand-peptide complexes; electron transfer; proton transfer; hydrogen transfer ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; GAS-PHASE FRAGMENTATION; CHARGED PROTEIN CATIONS; AMINO-ACIDS; CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; AUXILIARY LIGAND; DIIMINE LIGANDS; UNIMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; PROTONATED PEPTIDES AB The formation and fragmentation of odd-electron ions of peptides and proteins is of interest to applications in biological mass spectrometry. Gas-phase redox chemistry occurring during collision-induced dissociation of ternary metal-ligand-peptide complexes enables the formation of a variety of peptide radicals, including the canonical radical cations, M+center dot, radical dications, [M+H](2+center dot), radical anions, [M-2H](-center dot) and phosphorylated radical cations. In addition, odd-electron peptide ions with well-defined initial location of the radical site are produced through side-chain losses from the radical ions. Subsequent fragmentation of these species provides information regarding the role of charge and location of the radical site on the competition between radical-induced and proton-driven fragmentation of odd-electron peptide ions. This account summarizes current understanding of the factors that control the efficiency of the intramolecutar electron transfer (ET) in ternary metal-Ligand-peptide complexes resulting in formation of odd-electron peptide ions. Specifically, we discuss the effect of the metal center, the ligand and the peptide structure on the competition between the ET, proton transfer (PT) and loss of neutral peptide and neutral peptide fragments from the complex. Fundamental studies of the structures, stabilities and the energetics and dynamics of fragmentation of these complexes are also important for detailed molecular-level understanding of photosynthesis end respiration in biological systems. C1 [Chu, Ivan K.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Chem, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Laskin, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chu, IK (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Chem, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM Ivankchu@hku.hk; Julia.Laskin@pnnl.gov RI Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division; University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Special Administrative Region, China [7016/10P, 7016/11P] FX This study was partially supported by a grant from the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division and in part by the University of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. 7016/10P and 7016/11P). NR 78 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 23 PU IM PUBLICATIONS PI W SUSSEX PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER,, W SUSSEX PO18 0HY, ENGLAND SN 1469-0667 J9 EUR J MASS SPECTROM JI Eur. J. Mass Spectrom. PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 543 EP 556 DI 10.1255/ejms.1156 PG 14 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 901KY UT WOS:000300967000002 PM 22274945 ER PT S AU Dimitrijevic, NM Rajh, T Vijayan, B Gray, KA AF Dimitrijevic, N. M. Rajh, T. Vijayan, B. Gray, K. A. BE Guldi, D TI Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2: Probing Structure of Photocatalysts and Mechanism of CO2 Transformation SO FULLERENES, NANOTUBES, AND CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES - 219TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium on Plasma Processing 18/Symposium on Carbon Nanotubes and Nanostructures-Fundamental Properties and Processes CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon, Fullerenes, Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostruct ID MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; TIO2; VACANCIES; EPR AB We report on various strategies for the synthesis of titania-based photocatalysts, including mixed phase titania, and anatase nanotubes. These photocatalysts have shown improved efficiency for the transformation of CO2 to methane as tested in the absence of sacrificial hole scavengers. The EPR studies have revealed a high concentration of undercoordinated Ti atoms on the surface of photocatalysts that improve adsorption/binding of CO2, and thus, the photoefficiency of the reaction. C1 [Dimitrijevic, N. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dimitrijevic, NM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-285-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 25 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1149/1.3655522 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BYZ70 UT WOS:000300829900018 ER PT J AU Candy, JV AF Candy, J. V. GP IEEE TI Adaptive Particle Filtering for Mode Tracking: A Shallow Ocean Application SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE model-based processor; sequential Bayesian processor; sequential Monte Carlo; particle filter; Hudson Canyon experiment ID TRANSMISSION AB The shallow ocean is an ever changing environment primarily due to temperature variations in its upper layers (< 100 m) directly affecting sound propagation throughout. The need to develop processors capable of tracking these changes implies a stochastic as well as an environmentally adaptive design. The stochastic requirement follows directly from the multitude of variations created by uncertain parameters and noise. Some work has been accomplished in this area, but the stochastic nature was constrained to Gaussian uncertainties. It has been clear for a long time that this constraint was not particularly realistic leading to a Bayesian approach that enables the representation of any uncertainty distribution. Sequential Bayesian techniques enable a class of processors capable of performing in an uncertain, nonstationary (varying statistics), non-Gaussian, variable shallow ocean environment. A solution to this problem is addressed by developing a sequential Bayesian processor capable of providing a joint solution to the modal function tracking (estimation) and environmental adaptivity problem. The posterior distribution required is multi-modal (multiple peaks) requiring a sequential (nonstationary) Bayesian approach. Here the focus is on the development of a particle filter (PF) capable of providing reasonable performance for this problem. In our previous effort on this problem nonlinear/non-Gaussian processors were developed to operate on synthesized data based on the Hudson Canyon experiment using normal-mode representations. Here we extend the processors by applying them to the actual hydrophone measurements obtained from the 23-element vertical array. The adaptivity problem is attacked by allowing the modal coefficients to be estimated from the measurement data jointly along with tracking of the modal functions-the main objective. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005800015 ER PT J AU Deng, ZD Carlson, TJ Xu, JS Martinez, J Weiland, MA Mueller, RP Myers, JR Jones, ME AF Deng, Z. Daniel Carlson, Thomas J. Xu, Jinshan Martinez, Jayson Weiland, Mark A. Mueller, Robert P. Myers, Joshua R. Jones, Mark E. GP IEEE TI Design and Operation Specifications of an Active Monitoring System for Detecting Southern Resident Killer Whales SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE underwater acoustics; active acoustic monitoring; sound propagation; Tidal power ID ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY SYSTEM; SOUND-SCATTERING; FINITE-LENGTH; FISH; CYLINDERS; TRACKING; DOLPHIN; MODELS AB Before final approval is given to the Snohomish County Public Utility District No. 1 for deploying the first tidal power devices in the United States in an open water environment, a system to manage the potential risk of injury to killer whales due to collision with moving turbine blades must be demonstrated. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is tasked with establishing the performance requirements for, constructing, and testing a prototype marine animal alert system for triggering temporary turbine shutdown when there is risk of collision with a killer whale. To develop a system that relies on active sonar two critical areas must be investigated-the target strength of killer whales and the frequency content of commercially available active sonar units. PNNL studied three target strength models: a simple model, the Fourier matching model, and the Kirchoff-ray mode model. Using target strength measurements of bottlenose dolphins obtained by previous researchers and assuming killer whales share similar morphology and structure, PNNL extrapolated the target strength of an adult killer whale 7.5 m in length at a frequency of 67 kHz. To study the frequency content of a commercially available sonar unit, direct measurements of the signal transmitted by the sonar head were obtained by using a hydrophone connected to a data acquisition system in both laboratory and field conditions. The measurements revealed a secondary frequency component at 90 kHz in addition to the primary frequency of 200 kHz. Preliminary results show that the amplitude of the 90-kHz frequency component is above the hearing threshold of killer whales but below the threshold for potential injuries. C1 [Deng, Z. Daniel; Carlson, Thomas J.; Xu, Jinshan; Martinez, Jayson; Weiland, Mark A.; Mueller, Robert P.; Myers, Joshua R.; Jones, Mark E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Deng, ZD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM zhiqun.deng@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005801085 ER PT J AU James, SC Lefantzi, S Barco, J Johnson, E Roberts, JD AF James, Scott C. Lefantzi, Sophia Barco, Janet Johnson, Erick Roberts, Jesse D. GP IEEE TI Verifying Marine-Hydro-Kinetic Energy Generation Simulations Using SNL-EFDC SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE MHK simulation; EFDC; model calibration; MHK wake ID GROUNDWATER MODEL CALIBRATION; SEDIMENT; TURBINES AB Increasing interest in marine hydrokinetic (MHK) energy has led to significant research regarding optimal placement of emerging technologies to maximize energy capture and minimize effects on the marine environment. Understanding the changes to the near-and far-field hydrodynamics is necessary to assess optimal placement. MHK projects will convert energy (momentum) from the system, altering water velocities and potentially water quality and sediment transport as well. Maximum site efficiency for MHK power projects must balance with the requirement of avoiding environmental harm. This study is based on previous modification to an existing flow, sediment dynamics, and water-quality code (SNL-EFDC) where a simulation of an experimental flume is used to qualify, quantify, and visualize the influence of MHK energy generation. Turbulence and device parameters are calibrated against wake data from a flume experiment out of the University of Southampton (L. Myers and A. S. Bahaj, "Near wake properties of horizontal axis marine current turbines," in Proceedings of the 8th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference, 2009, pp. 558565) to produce verified simulations of MHK-device energy removal. To achieve a realistic velocity deficit within the wake of the device, parametric studies using the nonlinear, model-independent, parameter estimators PEST and DAKOTA were compared to determine parameter sensitivities and optimal values for various constants in the flow and turbulence closure equations. The sensitivity analyses revealed that the Smagorinski subgrid-scale horizontal momentum diffusion constant and the k-epsilon kinetic energy dissipation rate constant (C-epsilon 4) were the two most important parameters influencing wake profile and dissipation at 10 or more device diameters downstream as they strongly influence how the wake mixes with the bulk flow. These results verify the model, which can now be used to perform MHK-array distribution and optimization studies. C1 [James, Scott C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP James, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. EM scjames@sandia.gov; slefant@sandia.gov; jbarcom@sandia.gov; ejohns1@sandia.gov; jdrober@sandia.gov NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005800027 ER PT J AU Kotas, C Barhen, J AF Kotas, Charlotte Barhen, Jacob GP IEEE TI Singular value decomposition utilizing parallel algorithms on graphical processors SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE singular value decompostion; parallel processing; GPU AB One of the current challenges in underwater acoustic array signal processing is the detection of quiet targets in the presence of noise. In order to enable robust detection, one of the key processing steps requires data and replica whitening. This, in turn, involves the eigen-decomposition of the sample spectral matrix, C-x = 1/k Sigma X-k(k)(k)X-H(k) where X(k) denotes a single frequency snapshot with an element for each element of the array. By employing the singular value decomposition (SVD) method, the eigenvectors and eigenvalues can be determined directly from the data without computing the sample covariance matrix, reducing the computational requirements for a given level of accuracy (van Trees, Optimum Array Processing). (Recall that the SVD of a complex matrix A involves determining V, Sigma, and U such that A = U Sigma V-H where U and V are orthonormal and S is a positive, real, diagonal matrix containing the singular values of A. U and V are the eigenvectors of AA(H) and A(H)A, respectively, while the singular values are the square roots of the eigenvalues of AA(H).) Because it is desirable to be able to compute these quantities in real time, an efficient technique for computing the SVD is vital. In addition, emerging multicore processors like graphical processing units (GPUs) are bringing parallel processing capabilities to an ever increasing number of users. Since the computational tasks involved in array signal processing are well suited for parallelization, it is expected that these computations will be implemented using GPUs as soon as users have the necessary computational tools available to them. Thus, it is important to have an SVD algorithm that is suitable for these processors. This work explores the effectiveness of two different parallel SVD implementations on an NVIDIA Tesla C2050 GPU (14 multiprocessors, 32 cores per multiprocessor, 1.15 GHz clock speed). The first algorithm is based on a two-step algorithm which bidiagonalizes the matrix using Householder transformations, and then diagonalizes the intermediate bidiagonal matrix through implicit QR shifts. This is similar to that implemented for real matrices by Lahabar and Narayanan ("Singular Value Decomposition on GPU using CUDA", IEEE International Parallel Distributed Processing Symposium 2009). The implementation is done in a hybrid manner, with the bidiagonalization stage done using the GPU while the diagonalization stage is done using the CPU, with the GPU used to update the U and V matrices. The second algorithm is based on a one-sided Jacobi scheme utilizing a sequence of pair-wise column orthogonalizations such that A is replaced by AV until the resulting matrix is sufficiently orthogonal (that is, equal to U Sigma). V is obtained from the sequence of orthogonalizations, while Sigma can be found from the square root of the diagonal elements of A(H)A and, once S is known, U can be found from column scaling the resulting matrix. These implementations utilize CUDA Fortran and NVIDIA's CUBLAS library. The primary goal of this study is to quantify the comparative performance of these two techniques against themselves and other standard implementations (for example, MATLAB). Considering that there is significant overhead associated with transferring data to the GPU and with synchronization between the GPU and the host CPU, it is also important to understand when it is worthwhile to use the GPU in terms of the matrix size and number of concurrent SVDs to be calculated. C1 [Kotas, Charlotte; Barhen, Jacob] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kotas, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kotascw@ornl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005800129 ER PT J AU Matzner, S Fu, T Ren, HY Deng, ZD Sun, YN Carlson, T AF Matzner, Shari Fu, Tao Ren, Huiying Deng, Z. Daniel Sun, Yannan Carlson, Thomas GP IEEE TI Operational performance analysis of passive acoustic monitoring for killer whales SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES ID TELEMETRY SYSTEM; ORCINUS-ORCA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; INSTRUMENTATION; TRACKING; DESIGN AB For the planned tidal turbine site in Puget Sound, WA, the main concern is to protect Southern Resident Killer Whales (SRKW) due to their Endangered Species Act status. A passive acoustic monitoring system is proposed because the whales emit vocalizations that can be detected by a passive system. The algorithm for detection is implemented in two stages. The first stage is an energy detector designed to detect candidate signals. The second stage is a spectral classifier that is designed to reduce false alarms. The evaluation presented here of the detection algorithm incoprporates behavioral models of the species of interest, environmental models of noise levels and potential false alarm sources to provide a realistic characterization of expected operational performance. C1 [Matzner, Shari] Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Fu, Tao; Ren, Huiying; Deng, Z. Daniel; Sun, Yannan; Carlson, Thomas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99332 USA. RP Matzner, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM shari.matzner@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005800045 ER PT J AU Nagurny, J Martel, L Jansen, E Plumb, A Gray-Hann, P Heimiller, D Rauchenstein, LT Hanson, HP AF Nagurny, John Martel, Laura Jansen, Eugene Plumb, Andrew Gray-Hann, Pamela Heimiller, Donna Rauchenstein, Lynn T. Hanson, Howard P. GP IEEE TI Modeling Global Ocean Thermal Energy Resources SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE renewable energy; marine renewable energy; ocean thermal energy conversion; global resource ID HYCOM AB The potential renewable energy stored in the ocean's thermocline at a given location can be estimated using a model of the ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) process. Combining such a model with a global climatology of oceanic stratification and a flexible visualization system-such as a Geographic Information System (GIS)-provides a useful tool for estimating both global OTEC potential and locations with particularly rich resources. We report here on the application of an OTEC Plant model developed at Lockheed Martin (LM) that includes critical assumptions and accounts for major contributing (and loss) factors to electrical power production. This model uses global climatology of the oceanic stratification based on open-source results from the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) in data assimilation mode produced by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Because the HYCOM results used here are gridded at approximately 1/12 in latitude and longitude, the resolution of the results is a significant improvement over previous ocean climate studies of this nature, notwithstanding the use of a computer model. In addition, a new algorithm that optimizes the depth of the cold water source (by balancing power production and power loss) is used, meaning that the previous condition of using a 1-km-deep cold source is relaxed. C1 [Nagurny, John; Martel, Laura; Jansen, Eugene; Plumb, Andrew] Lockheed Martin Mission Syst & Sensors, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Gray-Hann, Pamela; Heimiller, Donna] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Rauchenstein, Lynn T.; Hanson, Howard P.] Southeast Nat Marine Renewable Energy Ctr, Boca Raton, FL USA. RP Nagurny, J (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Mission Syst & Sensors, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. FU Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency; Renewable Energy (EERE); Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program (WHTP) [DE-EE- 0002664]; United States government FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energys Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program (WHTP) under award number DE-EE- 0002664. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005800174 ER PT J AU Xu, JS Deng, ZD Martinez, JJ Carlson, TJ Myers, JR Weiland, MA Jones, ME AF Xu, Jinshan Deng, Z. Daniel Martinez, Jayson J. Carlson, Thomas J. Myers, Joshua R. Weiland, Mark A. Jones, Mark E. GP IEEE TI Acoustic Environment of Admiralty Inlet: Broadband Noise Measurements SO OCEANS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE OCEANS Conference CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Kona, HI SP Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE, OES DE underwater acoustics; noise measurement; sound propagation; Tidal power ID TELEMETRY SYSTEM; INSTRUMENTATION; TRACKING; DESIGN AB Admiralty Inlet has been selected as a potential tidal energy site. It is located near shipping lanes, is a highly variable acoustic environment, and is frequented by the endangered southern resident killer whale (SRKW). Resolving environmental impacts is the first step to receiving approval to deploy tidal turbines at Admiralty Inlet. Of particular concern is the potential for blade strike or other negative interactions between the SRKW and the tidal turbine. A variety of technologies including passive and active monitoring systems are being considered as potential tools to determine the presence of SRKW in the vicinity of the turbines. Broadband noise level measurements are critical for determining design and operational specifications of ocean energy capture technologies. Acoustic environment data at the proposed site was acquired at different depths using a cabled vertical line array (VLA) with four calibrated hydrophones. The power spectrum density of the sound pressure level (SPL) was estimated using the fast Fourier transform. This study describes the first broadband SPL measurements for this site at different depths with frequencies ranging from 10 kHz to 480 kHz in combination with other information. To understand the SPL caused by bedload transport, three different pressure sensors with temperature and conductivity were also assembled on the VLA to measure the conditions at the hydrophone deployment depth. The broadband SPL levels at frequency ranges of 3 kHz to 7 kHz as a function of depth were estimated. Only the hydrophone at an average depth of 40 m showed the strong dependence of SPL with distance from the bottom, which was possibly caused by the cobbles shifting on the seabed. Automatic Identification System data were also studied to understand the influence of ship traffic on SPL measurements. C1 [Xu, Jinshan; Deng, Z. Daniel; Martinez, Jayson J.; Carlson, Thomas J.; Myers, Joshua R.; Weiland, Mark A.; Jones, Mark E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Deng, ZD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM zhiqun.deng@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-933957-39-8 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYJ22 UT WOS:000299005801087 ER PT S AU Macal, CM North, MJ AF Macal, Charles M. North, Michael J. BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI INTRODUCTORY TUTORIAL: AGENT-BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) AB Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) is an approach to modeling systems comprised of individual, autonomous, interacting "agents." There is much interest in many application problem domains in developing agent-based models. Agent-based modeling offers ways to model individual behaviors and how behaviors affect others in ways that have not been available before. Applications range from modeling agent behavior in supply chains and the stock market, to predicting the success of marketing campaigns and the spread of epidemics, to projecting the future needs of the healthcare system. Progress in the area suggests that ABMS promises to have far-reaching effects on the way that businesses use computers to support decision-making and researchers use agent-based models as electronic laboratories to aid in discovery. This brief tutorial introduces agent-based modeling by describing the basic ideas of ABMS, discussing some applications, and addressing methods for developing agent-based models. C1 [Macal, Charles M.; North, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Syst Simulat CAS2, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Macal, CM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Syst Simulat CAS2, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM macal@anl.gov; north@anl.gov NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 36 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 1451 EP 1464 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520801067 ER PT S AU Bingham, D Reese, CS Williams, B AF Bingham, Derek Reese, C. Shane Williams, Brian BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI PANEL DISCUSSION: INTEGRATING DATA FROM MULTIPLE SIMULATION MODELS OF DIFFERENT FIDELITY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID COMPUTER-MODELS; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; UNCERTAINTY; DESIGN AB Computer models are used to simulate physical processes in almost all areas of science and engineering. A single evaluation of these computation models (or computer codes) can take as little as a few seconds or as long as weeks or months. In either case, experimenters use the model outputs to learn something about the physical system. In some settings, outputs from several computational models, with varying levels of fidelity, are available to researchers. In addition, observations from the physical system may also be in hand. In this panel discussion we address issues relating to model formulation, estimation, prediction and extrapolation using multi-fidelity computer models are addressed. In the first presentation, Bayesian methods are used to build a predictive model using low and high fidelity computational models with different inputs and also field observations. The second presentation deals with the difficult computational issues facing computer model calibration and prediction using a Bayesian framework that are typically remedied through the use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. While the computational burden is substantial, we review faster alternatives to standard MCMC techniques that are particularly useful in the multi-fidelity simulator problem. In the final presentation, calibration of computational models is discussed in the context of validation and extrapolation, with introduction to developments in stochastic model calibration. C1 [Bingham, Derek] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Reese, C. Shane] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Stat, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Williams, Brian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci, CCS 6, Los Alamos, NM 87 USA. RP Bingham, D (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 1487 EP 1494 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520801070 ER PT S AU Brown, NJK Gearhart, JL Jones, DA Nozick, LK Romero, N Xu, NX AF Brown, Nathanael J. K. Gearhart, Jared L. Jones, Dean A. Nozick, Linda K. Romero, Natalia Xu, Ningxiong BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI OPTIMIZATION OF SCENARIO CONSTRUCTION FOR LOSS ESTIMATION IN LIFELINE NETWORKS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) AB Natural disasters have become a pressing national and international problem. Population growth, aging infrastructure, and climate change suggest that mounting losses will continue into the foreseeable future, hence mitigation and response planning is of increasing importance. The conduct of studies to support this type of regional planning often requires an estimation of the impacts of a single earthquake scenario on a region. This paper describes a method to identify a set of consequence scenarios that can be used in regional loss estimation for lifeline systems when computational demands are of concern, and the spatial coherence of individual consequence scenarios is important. This method is compared with Monte Carlo simulation. C1 [Brown, Nathanael J. K.; Gearhart, Jared L.; Jones, Dean A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Nozick, Linda K.; Romero, Natalia; Xu, Ningxiong] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brown, NJK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM njbrown@sandia.gov; jlgearh@sandia.gov; dajones@sandia.gov; lkn3@cornell.edu; nr229@cornell.edu; nx22@cornell.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000, SAND 2011-2150C] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND 2011-2150C. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 1734 EP 1745 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520802004 ER PT S AU Portante, EC Craig, BA Malone, LT Kavicky, J Folga, SF Cedres, S AF Portante, Edgar C. Craig, Brian A. Malone, Leah Talaber Kavicky, James Folga, Stephen F. Cedres, Stewart BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI EPFAST: A MODEL FOR SIMULATING UNCONTROLLED ISLANDING IN LARGE POWER SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) AB This paper describes the capabilities, calculation logic, and foundational assumptions of EPfast, a new simulation and impact analysis tool developed by Argonne National Laboratory. The purpose of the model is to explore the tendency of power systems to spiral into uncontrolled islanding triggered by either man-made or natural disturbances. The model generates a report that quantifies the megawatt reductions in all affected substations, as well as the number, size, and spatial location of the formed island grids. The model is linear and is intended to simulate the impacts of high-consequence events on large-scale power systems. The paper describes a recent application of the model to examine the effects of a high-intensity New Madrid seismic event on the U. S. Eastern Interconnection (USEI). The model's final upgrade and subsequent application to the USEI were made possible via funding from U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration. C1 [Portante, Edgar C.; Craig, Brian A.; Malone, Leah Talaber; Kavicky, James; Folga, Stephen F.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cedres, Stewart] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Portante, EC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ecportante@anl.gov; bcraig@anl.gov; ltalaber@anl.gov; kavicky@anl.gov; sfolga@anl.gov; stewart.cedres@hq.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 1758 EP 1769 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520802006 ER PT S AU Jin, D Nicol, DM Yan, GH AF Jin, Dong Nicol, David M. Yan, Guanhua BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI AN EVENT BUFFER FLOODING ATTACK IN DNP3 CONTROLLED SCADA SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID TAXONOMY AB The DNP3 protocol is widely used in SCADA systems (particularly electrical power) as a means of communicating observed sensor state information back to a control center. Typical architectures using DNP3 have a two level hierarchy, where a specialized data aggregator receives observed state from devices within a local region, and the control center collects the aggregated state from the data aggregator. The DNP3 communications are asynchronous across the two levels; this leads to the possibility of completely filling a data aggregator's buffer of pending events, when a compromised relay sends overly many (false) events to the data aggregator. This paper investigates the attack by implementing the attack using real SCADA system hardware and software. A Discrete-Time Markov Chain (DTMC) model is developed for understanding conditions under which the attack is successful and effective. The model is validated by a Mobius simulation model and data collected on a real SCADA testbed. C1 [Jin, Dong; Nicol, David M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yan, Guanhua] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jin, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM dongjin2@illinois.edu; dmnicol@illinois.edu; ghyan@lanl.gov FU Department of Energy [DEOE0000097] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DEOE0000097. The views expressed are those of the authors only. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 2614 EP 2626 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520802084 ER PT S AU Heath, SK Brailsford, SC Buss, A Macal, CM AF Heath, Susan K. Brailsford, Sally C. Buss, Arnold Macal, Charles M. BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI CROSS-PARADIGM SIMULATION MODELING: CHALLENGES AND SUCCESSES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID DYNAMICS; SYSTEM AB This paper addresses the broad topic area of cross-paradigm simulation modeling with a focus on the discrete-event, system dynamics and agent-based paradigms. It incorporates contributions from four panel members with diverse perspectives and areas of expertise. First, each paradigm is described and definitions are presented. The difference between the process-oriented worldview and the event-oriented worldview within discrete-event simulation modeling, and the importance of this difference for cross-paradigm modeling, are discussed. Following the definitions, discussion of cross-paradigm modeling is given for each pair of these paradigms, highlighting current challenges and early successes in these areas. The basic time-advance mechanisms used in simulation modeling are also discussed, and the implications of these mechanisms for each paradigm is explored. C1 [Heath, Susan K.] USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Brailsford, Sally C.] Univ Southampton, Sch Management, Southampton SO171BJ, Hants, England. [Buss, Arnold] MOVES Inst, Naval PostGrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Macal, Charles M.] Argonne Natl Lab, CAS2, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Heath, SK (reprint author), USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM skheath@nps.edu; s.c.brailsford@soton.ac.uk; abuss@nps.edu; macal@anl.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 2783 EP 2797 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520803008 ER PT S AU Vulov, G Hou, C Vuduc, R Fujimoto, R Quinlan, D Jefferson, D AF Vulov, George Hou, Cong Vuduc, Richard Fujimoto, Richard Quinlan, Daniel Jefferson, David BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI THE BACKSTROKE FRAMEWORK FOR SOURCE LEVEL REVERSE COMPUTATION APPLIED TO PARALLEL DISCRETE EVENT SIMULATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID EXECUTION; PROGRAMS; SYSTEMS; TIME AB We introduce Backstroke, a new open source framework for the automatic generation of reverse code for functions written in C++. Backstroke enables reverse computation for optimistic parallel discrete event simulations. It is built using the ROSE open-source compiler infrastructure, and handles complex C++ features including pointers and pointer types, arrays, function and method calls, class types, inheritance, polymorphism, virtual functions, abstract classes, templated classes and containers. Backstroke also introduces new program inversion techniques based on advanced compiler analysis tools built into ROSE. We explore and illustrate some of the complex language and semantic issues that arise in generating correct reverse code for C++ functions. C1 [Vulov, George; Hou, Cong; Vuduc, Richard; Fujimoto, Richard] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Quinlan, Daniel; Jefferson, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Vulov, G (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM georgevulov@gatech.edu; hou_cong@gatech.edu; richie@cc.gatech.edu; fujimoto@cc.gatech.edu; dquinlan@llnl.gov; jefferson6@llnl.gov OI Vuduc, Richard/0000-0003-2178-138X NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 2960 EP 2974 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520803023 ER PT S AU North, MJ Macal, CM AF North, Michael J. Macal, Charles M. BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI PRODUCT DESIGN PATTERNS FOR AGENT-BASED MODELING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID SIMULATION AB Since they were first introduced by architect Christopher Alexander in his classic book The Timeless Way of Building, design patterns have offered a powerful yet simple way to conceptualize and communicate designs in many disciplines. Design patterns became widely used for software development by the 1990's. These software design patterns have subsequently been shown to be of great value in improving the reliability and reducing the cost of software. Given that virtually all large-scale agent-based models are ultimately implemented in software, there is great potential for software design patterns to improve the practice of agent-based modeling. Several authors have discussed the use of patterns for agent-based modeling or agent-oriented software. This paper's contribution is that it provides an extensive set of both existing and new agent-based modeling design patterns, each of which is substantiated with at least three successful published example uses in models or modeling platforms. C1 [North, Michael J.; Macal, Charles M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP North, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM north@anl.gov; macal@anl.gov NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 3082 EP 3093 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520803033 ER PT S AU Srinivasan, RS Braham, WW Campbell, DP Curcija, CD AF Srinivasan, Ravi S. Braham, William W. Campbell, Daniel P. Curcija, Charlie D. BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI ENERGY BALANCE FRAMEWORK FOR NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID EMERGY ANALYSIS AB Approaching a Net Zero Energy (NZE) building goal based on current definitions is flawed for two principal reasons - they only deal with energy quantities required for operations, and they do not establish a threshold, which ensures that buildings are optimized for reduced consumption before renewable systems are integrated to obtain an energy balance. This paper develops a method to maximize renewable resource use through emergy (spelled with an "m") analysis. A "Renewable Emergy Balance" (REB) in environmental building design is proposed as a tool to maximize renewable resource use through disinvestment of all non-renewable resources that may be substituted with renewable resources. REB buildings attain a high standing by optimizing building construction over their entire life-span from formation-extraction-manufacturing to maintenance and operation, and material reuse at the end of building life-time. C1 [Srinivasan, Ravi S.] Univ Florida, Coll Design Construct & Planning, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Braham, William W.] Univ Penn, Dept Architecture, Sch Design, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Campbell, Daniel P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Env, Effects Res Lab,Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Curcija, Charlie D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Windows & Daylighting Grp, Building Technologies Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Srinivasan, RS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Design Construct & Planning, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sravi@ufl.edu; brahamw@pobox.upenn.edu; Camp-bell.Dan@epamail.epa.gov; dccurcija@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 3360 EP 3372 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520803057 ER PT J AU Liu, CZ Cooke, EC Greene, DL Bunch, DS AF Liu, Changzheng Cooke, Elizabeth C. Greene, David L. Bunch, David S. TI Feebates and Fuel Economy Standards Impacts on Fuel Use in Light-Duty Vehicles and Greenhouse Gas Emissions SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB This study evaluates the potential impacts of a national feebate system, a market-based policy that consists of graduated fees on low-fuel-economy (or high-emitting) vehicles and rebates for high-fuel-economy (or low-emitting) vehicles. In their simplest form, feebate systems operate under three conditions: a benchmark divides all vehicles into two categories-those charged fees and those eligible for rebates; the sizes of the fees and rebates are a function of a vehicle's deviation from its benchmark; and placement of the benchmark ensures revenue neutrality or a desired level of subsidy or revenue. A model developed by the University of California for the California Air Resources Board was revised and used to estimate the effects of six feebate structures on fuel economy and sales of new light-duty vehicles, given existing and anticipated future fuel economy and emission standards. These estimates for new vehicles were then entered into a vehicle stock model that simulated the evolution of the entire vehicle stock. The results indicate that feebates could produce large, additional reductions in emissions and fuel consumption, in large part by encouraging market acceptance of technologies with advanced fuel economy, such as hybrid electric vehicles. C1 [Liu, Changzheng; Greene, David L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. [Cooke, Elizabeth C.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Bunch, David S.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Sch Management, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Liu, CZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM liuc2@ornl.gov RI Liu, Changzheng/J-4268-2014 OI Liu, Changzheng/0000-0003-0052-4552 FU California Air Resources Board; U.S. Department of Energy FX The research reported in this paper was sponsored in part by the California Air Resources Board and the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors thank the anonymous referees for their thorough and insightful comments. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2011 IS 2252 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.3141/2252-04 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 897MP UT WOS:000300655100004 ER PT J AU Lin, ZH Greene, DL AF Lin, Zhenhong Greene, David L. TI Promoting the Market for Plug-In Hybrid and Battery Electric Vehicles Role of Recharge Availability SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Much recent attention has been drawn to providing adequate recharge availability as a means to promote the battery electric vehicle (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) market. The possible role of improved recharge availability in developing the BEV-PHEV market and the priorities that different charging options should receive from the government require better understanding. This study reviews the charging issue and conceptualizes it into three interactions between the charge network and the travel network. With travel data from 3,755 drivers in the National Household Travel Survey, this paper estimates the distribution among U.S. consumers of (a) PHEV fuel-saving benefits by different recharge availability improvements, (b) range anxiety by different BEV ranges, and (c) willingness to pay for workplace and public charging in addition to home recharging. With the Oak Ridge National Laboratory MA3T model, the impact of three recharge improvements is quantified by the resulting increase in BEV-PHEV sales. Compared with workplace and public recharging improvements, home recharging improvement appears to have a greater impact on BEV-PHEV sales. The impact of improved recharging availability is shown to be amplified by a faster reduction in battery cost. C1 [Lin, Zhenhong; Greene, David L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Lin, ZH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM linz@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies; U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies Program. The paper was written under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy and is published with permission. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 18 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2011 IS 2252 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.3141/2252-07 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 897MP UT WOS:000300655100007 ER PT J AU Gaines, L Sullivan, J Burnham, A Belharouak, I AF Gaines, Linda Sullivan, John Burnham, Andrew Belharouak, Ilias TI Life-Cycle Analysis of Production and Recycling of Lithium Ion Batteries SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC VEHICLES; SAFETY AB This paper discusses what is known about the life-cycle burdens of lithium ion batteries. Constituent-material production and the subsequent manufacturing of batteries are emphasized. Of particular interest is estimation of the impact of battery material recycling on battery manufacturing. Because some materials come from comparatively less plentiful resources, the recycling of lithium ion batteries and the potential impact on battery-production life-cycle burdens are discussed. This effort represents the early stage of lithium ion battery life-cycle analysis, in which processes are characterized preparatory to detailed data acquisition. Notwithstanding the lack of data on production of battery materials, it is estimated that the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with battery manufacturing make up only a small percentage of a plug-in hybrid vehicle's total life-cycle energy use. Further, the recycling of battery materials potentially can significantly reduce the material production energy. C1 [Gaines, Linda; Sullivan, John; Burnham, Andrew] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Belharouak, Ilias] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gaines, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lgaines@anl.gov OI Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 FU Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory FX The authors thank the Office of Vehicle Technologies at the U.S. Department of Energy for continued support. This paper was written under contract with Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, and is published with permission. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 37 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2011 IS 2252 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.3141/2252-08 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 897MP UT WOS:000300655100008 ER PT J AU Mintz, M Han, J AF Mintz, Marianne Han, Jeongwoo TI Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Renewable Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Today more than 300 million standard cubic feet per day of natural gas and 1,680 MW of electricity are produced from the decomposition of organic waste at 541 U.S. landfills. Since landfill gas (LFG) is a renewable resource, this energy is considered renewable. When used as a vehicle fuel, LFG-based compressed natural gas (CNG) consumes up to 1,100 Btu of fossil fuel and generates up to 120 g of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO(2)e) greenhouse gas emissions per mile on a well-to-wheel basis. This amount compares with about 7,500 Btu and 500 gCO(2)e per mile for CNG from fossil natural gas and 8,000 Btu and 650 gCO(2)e per mile for petroleum gasoline. Liquefying the LFG consumes another 400+ Btu of fossil fuel and 30+ gCO(2)e per mile if grid electricity is used for the process. However, if some of the LFG is used to generate electricity for gas cleanup and liquefaction (or compression), liquefied natural gas (or CNG) produced from LFG can have no fossil fuel input and only minimal CO(2)e emissions on a well-to-wheel basis. This renewable natural gas is among the lowest carbon fuels in compressed or liquid form. C1 [Mintz, Marianne; Han, Jeongwoo] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mintz, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mmintz@anl.gov FU Office of Energy Efficiency; Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy FX Argonne National Laboratory's work is supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors gratefully acknowledge Dennis Smith of the U.S. Department of Energy, who supported this effort. They also acknowledge the assistance of Jeffrey Hahn of Covanta-Haverhill, Inc., and Andrew Burnham, Amgad Elgowainy, Christopher Saricks, Michael Wang, and Thomas Wallner of Argonne's Center for Transportation Research, who provided their time and expertise to analyze and interpret data and advise the authors of the study's strengths and limitations; Stephanie Young, formerly of the California Integrated Waste Management Board, Scott Walker of the California Department of Resources and Recovery (CalRecycle), Chuck White of Waste Management, Inc., and John Barclay of Prometheus Energy, who provided access to documents and other resources; and Rachel Goldstein of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Jeffrey Clarke of NGVAmerica, and Sean Turner of Gladstein, Neandross & Associates, who reviewed the draft report on which this paper is based. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2011 IS 2252 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.3141/2252-09 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 897MP UT WOS:000300655100009 ER PT J AU Lin, ZH Greene, DL AF Lin, Zhenhong Greene, David L. TI Assessing Energy Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Significance of Daily Distance Variation over Time and Among Drivers SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Accurate assessment of the impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on petroleum and electricity consumption is a necessary step toward effective policies. Variations in daily vehicle miles traveled (VMT) over time and among drivers affect PHEV energy impact, but the significance is not well understood. This paper uses a graphical illustration, a mathematical derivation, and an empirical study to examine the cause and significance of such an effect. The first two methods reveal that ignoring daily variation in VMT always causes underestimation of petroleum consumption and overestimation of electricity consumption by PHEVs; both biases increase as the assumed PHEV charge-depleting (CD) range moves closer to the average daily VMT. The empirical analysis based on national travel survey data shows that the assumption of uniform daily VMT over time and among drivers causes nearly 68% underestimation of expected petroleum use and nearly 48% overestimation of expected electricity use by PHEVs with a 40-mi CD range (PHEV40s). Also for PHEV40s, consideration of daily variation in VMT over time but not among drivers-similar to the way the utility factor curve is derived in SAE Standard SAE J2841-causes underestimation of expected petroleum use by more than 24% and overestimation of expected electricity use by about 17%. Underestimation of petroleum use and overestimation of electricity use increase with larger-battery PHEVs. C1 [Lin, Zhenhong; Greene, David L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Lin, ZH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM linz@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies Program. The paper was written under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy and is published with permission. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2011 IS 2252 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.3141/2252-13 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 897MP UT WOS:000300655100013 ER PT J AU Kurkure, U Le, YH Paragios, N Ju, T Carson, JP Kakadiaris, IA AF Kurkure, Uday Le, Yen H. Paragios, Nikos Ju, Tao Carson, James P. Kakadiaris, Ioannis A. GP IEEE TI Markov Random Field-based Fitting of a Subdivision-based Geometric Atlas SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION (ICCV) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) CY NOV 06-13, 2011 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, Toyota, Google, Microsoft Res, Siemens, Technicolor, Adobe, Alcatel Lucent, Gentex Corp, Kooaba Image Recognit, Mitsubishi Elect, Mobileye, Object Video (OV), Toshiba, Xerox, Zeiss, 2d3, SATURNUS ID IMAGE REGISTRATION; APPEARANCE MODELS; MOUSE-BRAIN; MESHES; SHAPE AB An accurate labeling of a multi-part, complex anatomical structure (e. g., brain) is required in order to compare data across images for spatial analysis. It can be achieved by fitting an object-specific geometric atlas that is constructed using a partitioned, high-resolution deformable mesh and tagging each of its polygons with a region label. Subdivision meshes have been used to construct such an atlas because they can provide a compact representation of a partitioned, multi-resolution, object-specific mesh structure using only a few control points. However, automated fitting of a subdivision mesh-based geometric atlas to an anatomical structure in an image is a difficult problem and has not been sufficiently addressed. In this paper, we propose a novel Markov Random Field-based method for fitting a planar, multi-part subdivision mesh to anatomical data. The optimal fitting of the atlas is obtained by determining the optimal locations of the control points. We also tackle the problem of landmark matching in tandem with atlas fitting by constructing a single graphical model to impose pose-invariant, landmark-based geometric constraints on atlas deformation. The atlas deformation is also governed by additional constraints imposed by the mesh's geometric properties and the object boundary. We demonstrate the potential of the proposed method on the difficult problem of segmenting a mouse brain and its interior regions in gene expression images which exhibit large intensity and shape variability. We obtain promising results when compared with manual annotations and prior methods. C1 [Kurkure, Uday; Le, Yen H.; Paragios, Nikos; Kakadiaris, Ioannis A.] Univ Houston, Computat Biomed Lab, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Paragios, Nikos] Ecole Cent Paris, Ctr Visual Comp, Paris, France. [Paragios, Nikos] INRIA Saclay Ile de France, Equipe GALEN, Palaiseau, France. [Ju, Tao] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Carson, James P.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Kurkure, U (reprint author), Univ Houston, Computat Biomed Lab, Houston, TX 77204 USA. OI Kakadiaris, Ioannis/0000-0002-0591-1079 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-1102-2 PY 2011 BP 2540 EP 2547 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BYS97 UT WOS:000300061900323 ER PT J AU Grillot, F Naderi, NA Wright, JB Rahimi, N Raghunathan, R Crowley, MT Lester, LF AF Grillot, F. Naderi, N. A. Wright, J. B. Rahimi, N. Raghunathan, R. Crowley, M. T. Lester, L. F. GP IEEE TI Dual-Mode Quantum Dot Laser Operating in the Excited State SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE ID LOW-THRESHOLD CURRENT AB A two-color laser operating in the excited states of a quantum dot is realized by asymmetric pumping and external feedback stabilization. A mode separation ranging from 1.3-THz to 3.6-THz is demonstrated. C1 [Grillot, F.] Univ Europeenne Bretagne, INSA, CNRS, Lab FOTON,UMR 6082, 20 Ave Buttes Coesmes, F-35708 Rennes 7, France. [Naderi, N. A.; Rahimi, N.; Raghunathan, R.; Crowley, M. T.; Lester, L. F.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Grillot, F.] Inst Telecom Paristech, CNRS, LTCL, F-75634 Paris, France. [Wright, J. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Grillot, F (reprint author), Univ Europeenne Bretagne, INSA, CNRS, Lab FOTON,UMR 6082, 20 Ave Buttes Coesmes, F-35708 Rennes 7, France. EM frederic.grillot@insa-rennes.fr RI Wright, Jeremy/G-7149-2011; Grillot, Frederic/N-5613-2014 OI Wright, Jeremy/0000-0001-6861-930X; FU U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-10-1-0276] FX This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under grant FA9550-10-1-0276. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 165 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700083 ER PT J AU Singh, R Plum, E Menzel, C Rockstuhl, C Zheludev, NI Zhang, WL AF Singh, Ranjan Plum, Eric Menzel, Christoph Rockstuhl, Carsten Zheludev, Nikolay I. Zhang, Weili GP IEEE TI Negative Index in Chiral Metamaterials SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE AB We demonstrate that planar metamaterial lacking of mirror symmetry shows asymmetric transmission of terahertz waves and bands of positive, negative and zero phase and group velocities indicating a polarization sensitive negative index and slow-light media. C1 [Singh, Ranjan; Zhang, Weili] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Singh, Ranjan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Plum, Eric; Zheludev, Nikolay I.] Univ Southampton, Opt Elect Res Ctr, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Menzel, Christoph; Rockstuhl, Carsten] Univ Jena, Inst Condensed Matter Theory & Solid Stat Opt, D-07743 Jena, Germany. RP Singh, R (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM ranjan@lanl.gov; weili.zhang@okstate.edu RI Metamaterials, Southampton/E-1171-2014 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 240 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700121 ER PT J AU Wright, JB Li, QM Luk, TS Brener, I Wang, GT Westlake, KR Lester, LF AF Wright, J. B. Li, Q. M. Luk, T. S. Brener, I. Wang, G. T. Westlake, K. R. Lester, L. F. GP IEEE TI Single-Mode Lasing from Top-Down Fabricated Gallium Nitride Nanowires SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE DE Gallium Nitride; Nanowire; Laser; Semiconductor Lasers AB We study lasing in individual top-down fabricated GaN nanowires by optical pumping. We observe single mode emission with a side mode suppression of 15 dB, linewidths of less than 1 nm and thresholds as low as 250 kW/cm(2). C1 [Wright, J. B.; Li, Q. M.; Luk, T. S.; Brener, I.; Wang, G. T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wright, JB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jbwrigh@sandia.gov RI Wright, Jeremy/G-7149-2011 OI Wright, Jeremy/0000-0001-6861-930X NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 529 EP 530 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700265 ER PT J AU Zortman, WA Lentine, AL Trotter, DC Watts, MR AF Zortman, William A. Lentine, Anthony L. Trotter, Douglas C. Watts, Michael R. GP IEEE TI Silicon Modulator with Low Voltage Differential Signaling SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE DE silicon photonics; modulator; interconnect AB For exascale computing, optical interconnects will need to operate using low voltage and low power. Here, a differentially signaled silicon resonant modulator is demonstrated with 7dB extinction using 3.2fJ/bit and 500mV signal amplitude at 10Gbps. C1 [Zortman, William A.; Lentine, Anthony L.; Trotter, Douglas C.; Watts, Michael R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zortman, WA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wzortm@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 539 EP 540 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700270 ER PT J AU Barty, CPJ AF Barty, C. P. J. GP IEEE TI Nuclear Photonics with Laser-based Gamma-rays SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE AB MEGa-rays (Mono-Energetic Gamma-rays) of unprecedented peak brilliance can be created via the optimized interaction of laser light with relativistic electrons. MEGa-ray sources enable nuclear photonics; i.e. the excitation and manipulation of the nucleus with photons. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barty, CPJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM barty1@llnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 638 EP 639 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700319 ER PT J AU Hewitt, JD Galvin, TC Readle, JD Eden, JG AF Hewitt, J. Darby Galvin, Thomas C. Readle, Jason D. Eden, J. Gary GP IEEE TI Observing the Continuous Transformation of a Four Level Laser into a Two Level System SO 2011 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (PHO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Photonics Conference (PHO) CY OCT 09-13, 2011 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE AB Photoassociation of Ca-Ar-Kr trios results in lasing in Cs at 852.1 nm and allows one to observe the transition of a four level laser into a two level system. C1 [Hewitt, J. Darby; Galvin, Thomas C.; Eden, J. Gary] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lab Opt Phys & Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Readle, Jason D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hewitt, JD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lab Opt Phys & Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8939-8 PY 2011 BP 837 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BYQ41 UT WOS:000299750700419 ER PT J AU Miller, RM Fitzsimons, MS AF Miller, R. Michael Fitzsimons, Michael S. BE Ritz, K Young, I TI Fungal Growth in Soils SO ARCHITECTURE AND BIOLOGY OF SOILS: LIFE IN INNER SPACE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; MYCELIAL CORD SYSTEMS; COLONIZED WOOD RESOURCES; HABITABLE PORE-SPACE; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; ORGANIC-MATTER; HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS; PHANEROCHAETE-VELUTINA; SECONDARY METABOLITES; HYPHOLOMA-FASCICULARE C1 [Miller, R. Michael; Fitzsimons, Michael S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Miller, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rmmiller@anl.gov NR 139 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-532-0 PY 2011 BP 149 EP 163 D2 10.1079/9781845935320.0000 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BYO53 UT WOS:000299505300009 ER PT J AU Pratt, KA Murphy, SM Subramanian, R DeMott, PJ Kok, GL Campos, T Rogers, DC Prenni, AJ Heymsfield, AJ Seinfeld, JH Prather, KA AF Pratt, K. A. Murphy, S. M. Subramanian, R. DeMott, P. J. Kok, G. L. Campos, T. Rogers, D. C. Prenni, A. J. Heymsfield, A. J. Seinfeld, J. H. Prather, K. A. TI Flight-based chemical characterization of biomass burning aerosols within two prescribed burn smoke plumes SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; MASS-SPECTROMETER; ICE NUCLEI; SOUTHERN AFRICA; ORGANIC AEROSOL; MIXING STATE; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; INDIVIDUAL PARTICLES; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; UNITED-STATES AB Biomass burning represents a major global source of aerosols impacting direct radiative forcing and cloud properties. Thus, the goal of a number of current studies involves developing a better understanding of how the chemical composition and mixing state of biomass burning aerosols evolve during atmospheric aging processes. During the Ice in Clouds Experiment-Layer Clouds (ICE-L) in the fall of 2007, smoke plumes from two smallWyoming Bureau of Land Management prescribed burns were measured by online aerosol instrumentation aboard a C-130 aircraft, providing a detailed chemical characterization of the particles. After similar to 2-4 min of aging, submicron smoke particles, produced primarily from sagebrush combustion, consisted predominantly of organics by mass, but were comprised primarily of internal mixtures of organic carbon, elemental carbon, potassium chloride, and potassium sulfate. Significantly, the fresh biomass burning particles contained minor mass fractions of nitrate and sulfate, suggesting that hygroscopic material is incorporated very near or at the point of emission. The mass fractions of ammonium, sulfate, and nitrate increased with aging up to similar to 81-88 min and resulted in acidic particles. Decreasing black carbon mass concentrations occurred due to dilution of the plume. Increases in the fraction of oxygenated organic carbon and the presence of dicarboxylic acids, in particular, were observed with aging. Cloud condensation nuclei measurements suggested all particles >100 nm were active at 0.5% water supersaturation in the smoke plumes, confirming the relatively high hygroscopicity of the freshly emitted particles. For immersion/condensation freezing, ice nuclei measurements at -32 degrees C suggested activation of similar to 0.03-0.07% of the particles with diameters greater than 500 nm. C1 [Pratt, K. A.; Prather, K. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Pratt, K. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Murphy, S. M.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Murphy, S. M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Subramanian, R.; Kok, G. L.] Droplet Measurement Technol, Boulder, CO USA. [DeMott, P. J.; Prenni, A. J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Campos, T.; Rogers, D. C.; Heymsfield, A. J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Prather, K. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Pratt, KA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM kprather@ucsd.edu RI Pratt, Kerri/F-8025-2010; Heymsfield, Andrew/E-7340-2011; Subramanian, R/A-4913-2013; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Pratt, Kerri/0000-0003-4707-2290; Subramanian, R/0000-0002-5553-5913; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Prather, Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890; FU NSF [ATM-0611936]; NCAR; NSF of ICE-L [ATM-0650659, ATM-0340832, ATM-0631919]; NSF of A-ATOFMS development [ATM-0321362]; NASA; NOAA; National Research Council FX Jay Esperance, Kristi Bulock, and Aaron Mier at the Wyoming Bureau of Land Management are thanked for prescribed burn ground-based data. NSF and NCAR are acknowledged for financial support of the ICE-L field campaign, as well as the work of T. Campos, D. C. Rogers, and A. J. Heymsfield. K. A. Pratt and K. A. Prather acknowledge NSF for support of ICE-L (ATM-0650659), A-ATOFMS development (ATM-0321362), and a graduate research fellowship for K. A. Pratt. S. M. Murphy and J. H. Seinfeld acknowledge NSF for support of ICE-L (ATM-0340832) and NASA for an Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship for S. M. Murphy. R. Subramanian and G. L. Kok acknowledge NSF for ICE-L support (ATM-0631919). P. J. DeMott and A. J. Prenni acknowledge support from NSF (ATM-0611936). K. A. Pratt and S. M. Murphy also acknowledge a NOAA Climate & Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship and a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship, respectively. Daniel Cziczo (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) is thanked for discussions. NR 79 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 62 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 12549 EP 12565 DI 10.5194/acp-11-12549-2011 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870KH UT WOS:000298667600002 ER PT J AU Patra, PK Houweling, S Krol, M Bousquet, P Belikov, D Bergmann, D Bian, H Cameron-Smith, P Chipperfield, MP Corbin, K Fortems-Cheiney, A Fraser, A Gloor, E Hess, P Ito, A Kawa, SR Law, RM Loh, Z Maksyutov, S Meng, L Palmer, PI Prinn, RG Rigby, M Saito, R Wilson, C AF Patra, P. K. Houweling, S. Krol, M. Bousquet, P. Belikov, D. Bergmann, D. Bian, H. Cameron-Smith, P. Chipperfield, M. P. Corbin, K. Fortems-Cheiney, A. Fraser, A. Gloor, E. Hess, P. Ito, A. Kawa, S. R. Law, R. M. Loh, Z. Maksyutov, S. Meng, L. Palmer, P. I. Prinn, R. G. Rigby, M. Saito, R. Wilson, C. TI TransCom model simulations of CH4 and related species: linking transport, surface flux and chemical loss with CH4 variability in the troposphere and lower stratosphere SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; GROWTH-RATE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; METHYL CHLOROFORM; TRACER TRANSPORT; SF6; GASES; CO2 AB A chemistry-transport model (CTM) intercomparison experiment (TransCom-CH4) has been designed to investigate the roles of surface emissions, transport and chemical loss in simulating the global methane distribution. Model simulations were conducted using twelve models and four model variants and results were archived for the period of 1990-2007. All but one model transports were driven by reanalysis products from 3 different meteorological agencies. The transport and removal of CH4 in six different emission scenarios were simulated, with net global emissions of 513 +/- 9 and 514 +/- 14 TgCH(4) yr(-1) for the 1990s and 2000s, respectively. Additionally, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was simulated to check the interhemispheric transport, radon (Rn-222) to check the subgrid scale transport, and methyl chloroform (CH3CCl3) to check the chemical removal by the tropospheric hydroxyl radical (OH). The results are compared to monthly or annual mean time series of CH4, SF6 and CH3CCl3 measurements from 8 selected background sites, and to satellite observations of CH4 in the upper troposphere and stratosphere. Most models adequately capture the vertical gradients in the stratosphere, the average long-term trends, seasonal cycles, interannual variations (IAVs) and interhemispheric (IH) gradients at the surface sites for SF6, CH3CCl3 and CH4. The vertical gradients of all tracers between the surface and the upper troposphere are consistent within the models, revealing vertical transport differences between models. An average IH exchange time of 1.39 +/- 0.18 yr is derived from SF6 time series. Sensitivity simulations suggest that the estimated trends in exchange time, over the period of 1996-2007, are caused by a change of SF6 emissions towards the tropics. Using six sets of emission scenarios, we show that the decadal average CH4 growth rate likely reached equilibrium in the early 2000s due to the flattening of anthropogenic emission growth since the late 1990s. Up to 60% of the IAVs in the observed CH4 concentrations can be explained by accounting for the IAVs in emissions, from biomass burning and wetlands, as well as meteorology in the forward models. The modeled CH4 budget is shown to depend strongly on the troposphere-stratosphere exchange rate and thus on the model's vertical grid structure and circulation in the lower stratosphere. The 15-model median CH4 and CH3CCl3 atmospheric lifetimes are estimated to be 9.99 +/- 0.08 and 4.61 +/- 0.13 yr, respectively, with little IAV due to transport and temperature. C1 [Patra, P. K.; Ito, A.; Saito, R.] Res Inst Global Change JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. [Houweling, S.; Krol, M.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Houweling, S.; Krol, M.] Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht IMAU, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Krol, M.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bousquet, P.; Fortems-Cheiney, A.] Univ Versailles St Quentin Yvelines UVSQ, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Belikov, D.; Ito, A.; Maksyutov, S.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Global Environm Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Bergmann, D.; Cameron-Smith, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bian, H.; Kawa, S. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chipperfield, M. P.; Gloor, E.; Saito, R.] Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Corbin, K.; Law, R. M.; Loh, Z.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia. [Fraser, A.; Palmer, P. I.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Hess, P.; Meng, L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Prinn, R. G.; Rigby, M.] MIT, Ctr Global Change Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Patra, PK (reprint author), Res Inst Global Change JAMSTEC, 3173-25 Show Machi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. EM prabir@jamstec.go.jp RI Belikov, Dmitry/I-9877-2016; Loh, Zoe/B-8697-2013; Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011; Meng, Lei/H-5253-2013; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Fraser, Annemarie/D-3874-2012; Law, Rachel/A-1969-2012; Kawa, Stephan/E-9040-2012; Rigby, Matthew/A-5555-2012; Chipperfield, Martyn/H-6359-2013; Krol, Maarten/E-3414-2013; Palmer, Paul/F-7008-2010; Maksyutov, Shamil/G-6494-2011; Hess, Peter/M-3145-2015 OI Belikov, Dmitry/0000-0002-2114-7250; Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627; Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Law, Rachel/0000-0002-7346-0927; Rigby, Matthew/0000-0002-2020-9253; Chipperfield, Martyn/0000-0002-6803-4149; Maksyutov, Shamil/0000-0002-1200-9577; Hess, Peter/0000-0003-2439-3796 FU JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI-A [22241008]; Canadian space Agency; UK Natural Environment Research Council National Centre for Earth Observation; US DOE (BER) [07-ERD-064]; LDRD at LLNL; NASA-AGAGE [NNX11AF17G]; NERC/NCEO; [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Ingeborg Levin for useful discussions on the possible causes for the decrease IH exchange time as derived from the measurements and control simulation in TransCom-CH4. This work is partly supported by JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI-A grant number 22241008. Generous support of the NIES team with the disk space and FTP services is greatly appreciated. Support of Lori Bruhweiler, Daniel Jacob, Philippe Ciais, and Frederic Chevallier is appreciated in the early stages of this experiment. We thank the ACE-FTS, AGAGE, GMD/ESRL and HALOE teams for observations; EDGAR, GISS/NASA, GFEDv2 (Guido van der Werf), IPSL_WETL (Bruno Ringeval), RIGC_Rice (Xiaoyuan Yan) for emission inventories. Without these datasets TransCom-CH4 experiment could not be completed. The ACE mission is funded primarily by the Canadian space Agency. Annemarie Fraser is supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council National Centre for Earth Observation. ACCESS uses the Met Office Unified Model (TM) (UK) with a CSIRO land-surface scheme (CABLE) and the help of Met Office and CSIRO staff, particularly Chris Jones and Fiona O'Connor, Martin Dix and Eva Kowalczyk, was much appreciated. We acknowledge the work of John McGregor and Marcus Thatcher in the development of CCAM. ACCESS and CCAM simulations were undertaken as part of the Australian Climate Change Science Program and used the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia. The contribution by the LLNL authors was prepared under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, with different parts supported by the IMPACTS project funded by the US DOE (BER) and project (07-ERD-064) funded by the LDRD program at LLNL. Ronald Prinn and Matthew Rigby are supported by NASA-AGAGE Grant NNX11AF17G to MIT. The TOMCAT work at University of Leeds was supported by NERC/NCEO. We sincerely thank two anonymous reviewers and James Wang for providing us constructive comments and helpful suggestions. NR 90 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 31 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 12813 EP 12837 DI 10.5194/acp-11-12813-2011 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870KH UT WOS:000298667600018 ER PT J AU Lee-Taylor, J Madronich, S Aumont, B Baker, A Camredon, M Hodzic, A Tyndall, GS Apel, E Zaveri, RA AF Lee-Taylor, J. Madronich, S. Aumont, B. Baker, A. Camredon, M. Hodzic, A. Tyndall, G. S. Apel, E. Zaveri, R. A. TI Explicit modeling of organic chemistry and secondary organic aerosol partitioning for Mexico City and its outflow plume SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PRESSURE ESTIMATION; MILAGRO 2006 CAMPAIGN; MCMA-2006 FIELD CAMPAIGN; WRF-CHEM MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AIR-QUALITY; MIRAGE-MEX; PART 1; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS AB The evolution of organic aerosols (OA) in Mexico City and its outflow is investigated with the nearly explicit gas phase photochemistry model GECKO-A (Generator of Explicit Chemistry and Kinetics of Organics in the Atmosphere), wherein precursor hydrocarbons are oxidized to numerous intermediate species for which vapor pressures are computed and used to determine gas/particle partitioning in a chemical box model. Precursor emissions included observed C3-10 alkanes, alkenes, and light aromatics, as well as larger n-alkanes (up to C25) not directly observed but estimated by scaling to particulate emissions according to their volatility. Conditions were selected for comparison with observations made in March 2006 (MILAGRO). The model successfully reproduces the magnitude and diurnal shape for both primary (POA) and secondary (SOA) organic aerosols, with POA peaking in the early morning at 15-20 mu g m(-3), and SOA peaking at 10-15 mu g m(-3) during mid-day. The majority (>= 75 %) of the model SOA stems from reaction products of the large n-alkanes, used here as surrogates for all emitted hydrocarbons of similar volatility, with the remaining SOA originating mostly from the light aromatics. Simulated OA elemental composition reproduces observed H/C and O/C ratios reasonably well, although modeled ratios develop more slowly than observations suggest. SOA chemical composition is initially dominated by delta-hydroxy ketones and nitrates from the large alkanes, with contributions from peroxy acyl nitrates and, at later times when NOx is lower, organic hydroperoxides. The simulated plume-integrated OA mass continues to increase for several days downwind despite dilution-induced particle evaporation, since oxidation chemistry leading to SOA formation remains strong. In this model, the plume SOA burden several days downwind exceeds that leaving the city by a factor of >3. These results suggest significant regional radiative impacts of SOA. C1 [Lee-Taylor, J.; Madronich, S.; Hodzic, A.; Tyndall, G. S.; Apel, E.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Aumont, B.; Camredon, M.] Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, UMR 7583, Creteil, France. [Baker, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Zaveri, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lee-Taylor, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM julial@ucar.edu RI Baker, Angela /A-1666-2011; Lee-Taylor, Julia/B-7409-2008; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; Madronich, Sasha/D-3284-2015; OI Lee-Taylor, Julia/0000-0003-0989-1113; Madronich, Sasha/0000-0003-0983-1313; Baker, Angela K./0000-0001-7845-422X; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, BER [DE-FG02-ER63993]; National Science Foundation. FX J. Lee-Taylor was supported and SM was supported in part by a grant from the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, BER, DE-FG02-ER63993. We gratefully acknowledge discussions with J. Jimenez (University of Colorado, Boulder), Paul Ziemann (University of California, Riverside), and Andrew Conley (NCAR). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 116 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 46 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 13219 EP 13241 DI 10.5194/acp-11-13219-2011 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870KH UT WOS:000298667600037 ER PT S AU Yang, L Zhang, HJ Driscoll, PF Lucht, B Kerr, JB AF Yang, Li Zhang, Hanjun Driscoll, Peter F. Lucht, Brett Kerr, John B. BE Dudney, N Johnson, C Yakovleva, M TI Six-Membered-Ring Malonatoborate-Based Lithium Salts as Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries SO BATTERY/ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (GENERAL) - 218TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium of the Battery/Energy Technology Joint General Session/Symposium on Electronics and 3D Packaging 4 CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dielect Sci & Technol ID LIBOB; PERFORMANCE; SURFACE AB A new class of lithium salts of malonatoborate anions has been synthesized. These six-membered-ring salts provided slightly lower ionic conductivity than that of LiBOB and LiBF4. Nevertheless, compared with LiBOB and LiPF6, the lowered ring strains in the malonatoborate structures and reduced numbers of fluorine atoms in the molecules was found to enhance the thermal and water stabilities and compatibilities of these salts with ether solvents. Small amount LiDMMDFB when used as an additive, was found to stabilize LiPF6 in carbonate electrolytes at 80 degrees C for one month. Employing LiMDFB as the electrolyte in Li/Li cells and full cells, large interfacial impedances were observed on lithium metal and the cathode. The large impedances are at least partially attributed to the acidic hydrogen atoms in the malonate structure. This issue can be addressed by replacing the acidic atoms with methyl groups. C1 [Yang, Li; Zhang, Hanjun; Driscoll, Peter F.; Kerr, John B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS 62-203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-249-3 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 39 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1149/1.3589921 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BYU64 UT WOS:000300454600006 ER PT S AU Kane, MC Garcia-Diaz, B Au, M AF Kane, M. C. Garcia-Diaz, B. Au, Ming BE Dudney, N Johnson, C Yakovleva, M TI Novel Electrolyte Chemistries for Mg-Ni Rechargeable Batteries SO BATTERY/ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (GENERAL) - 218TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium of the Battery/Energy Technology Joint General Session/Symposium on Electronics and 3D Packaging 4 CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dielect Sci & Technol AB A new electrolyte chemistry is suggested to replace aqueous-based alkaline solutions for Mg-Ni rechargeable batteries that have high theoretical energy density, low cost, long cycle life, and no safety issues. The addition of potassium hydroxide and nano-sized clay particles to polyvinyl alcohol both increase conductivity to nearly 0.1 S/cm. The clay particles reduce the polymer crystallinity, thus increase conductivity; although the addition of more than 5 wt% clay actually reduces conductivity values. A mechanism is suggested for this behavior that includes the interaction of the clay with ion channels within the polymer helix. C1 [Kane, M. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kane, MC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-249-3 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 39 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1149/1.3589930 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BYU64 UT WOS:000300454600015 ER PT S AU Wang, Q Xu, YQ Iwaniczko, E Page, M AF Wang, Qi Xu, Yueqin Iwaniczko, Eugene Page, Matthew BE Wu, H Claeys, C Kuo, Y Lai, K Philipossian, A Jiang, T Xiaoping, S Lin, Q Huang, D Huang, R Zhang, Y Liu, R Song, P TI Light Trapping for High Efficiency Heterojunction Crystalline Si Solar Cells SO CHINA SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2011 (CSTIC 2011) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC) CY 2011 CL PEOPLES R CHINA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), SEMI, CHTEC, IEEE, CEMIA, MRS, CSE AB Light trapping plays an important role to achieve high short circuit current density (J(sc)) and high efficiency for amorphous/crystalline Si heterojunction solar cells. Si heterojunction uses hydrogenated amorphous Si for emitter and back contact. This structure of solar cell posses highest open circuit voltage of 0.747 V at one sun for c-Si based solar cells. It also suggests that over 25% record-high efficiency is possible with further improvement of J(sc). Light trapping has two important tasks. The first one is to reduce the surface reflectance of light to zero for the solar spectrum that Si has a response. The second one is to increase the effective absorption length to capture all the photon. For Si heterojunction solar cell, surface texturing, anti-reflectance indium tin oxides (ITO) layer at the front and back are the key area to improve the light trapping. C1 [Wang, Qi; Xu, Yueqin; Iwaniczko, Eugene; Page, Matthew] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-235-6 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 34 IS 1 BP 1129 EP 1134 DI 10.1149/1.3567725 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Electrochemistry; Engineering GA BYU65 UT WOS:000300456600174 ER PT S AU Windisch, CF Henager, CH Engelhard, MH Bennett, WD AF Windisch, Charles F., Jr. Henager, Charles H., Jr. Engelhard, Mark H. Bennett, Wendy D. BE Zavadil, K Schmutz, P Frankel, J Connolly, B McMurray, HN Masuda, H Hansen, D TI Combining Raman Microprobe and XPS to Study High Temperature Oxidation of Metals SO HIGH RESOLUTION CHARACTERIZATION OF CORROSION PROCESSES 2 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Tutorials in Nanotechnology - Focus on Luminescence and Display Materials/218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society/High Resolution Characterization of Corrosion Processes 2/Symposium on Solid State Ionic Devices 8 - NEMCA CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Luminescence & Display Mat (LDM), Sensor, Corrosion, High Temp Mat, Energy Technol, Battery, Phys & Analyt Electrochem, New Technol Subcomm ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Raman microprobe spectroscopy was applied in studies of high-temperature air oxidation of a ferritic alloy (HT-9) in the absence and presence of zirconia coatings with the objective of evaluating the technique as a way to quickly screen candidate cladding materials and actinide-based mixed oxide fuel mixtures for advanced nuclear reactors. When oxidation was relatively uniform, Raman spectra collected using microscope optics with low spatial resolution were found to be similar to those collected with conventional Raman spectroscopy. These spectra could be used to identify major oxide corrosion products and follow changes in the composition of the oxides due to heating. However, when the oxidation films were comprised of multiple layers of varying composition, or with layers containing metallic phases, techniques with higher depth resolution and sensitivity to zero-valence metals were necessary. The requirements were met by combining Raman microprobe using different optical configurations and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. C1 [Windisch, Charles F., Jr.; Henager, Charles H., Jr.; Engelhard, Mark H.; Bennett, Wendy D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Windisch, CF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-245-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 35 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1149/1.3577750 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BYV06 UT WOS:000300572700003 ER PT J AU Bobba, RB Dagle, J Heine, E Khurana, H Sanders, WH Sauer, P Yardley, T AF Bobba, Rakesh B. Dagle, Jeff Heine, Erich Khurana, Himanshu Sanders, William H. Sauer, Peter Yardley, Tim TI Enhancing Grid Measurements SO IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB DEREGULATION, MARKET TRANSACTIONS, CONGESTION MANAGEment, and the separation of functions have created increasing complexity that is making it difficult to maintain situational awareness and supervision of power system performance over large areas. Past reliability events (such as blackouts) have highlighted the need for better situational awareness and advanced applications to improve planning, operations, and maintenance. The deployment of a continent-wide wide area measurement system (WAMS) is an important part of the solution to these complex problems, but it faces challenges with respect to communications and security. C1 [Bobba, Rakesh B.; Heine, Erich; Sanders, William H.; Sauer, Peter; Yardley, Tim] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dagle, Jeff] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bobba, RB (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1540-7977 J9 IEEE POWER ENERGY M JI IEEE Power Energy Mag. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 10 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1109/MPE.2011.943133 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 896RS UT WOS:000300588800008 ER PT S AU Arkhipkin, D Lauret, J Betts, W AF Arkhipkin, D. Lauret, J. Betts, W. GP IOP TI A message-queuing framework for STAR's online monitoring and metadata collection SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB We report our experience on migrating STARs Online Services (Run Control System, Data Acquisition System, Slow Control System and Subsystem Monitoring) from direct read/write database accesses to a modern non-blocking message-oriented infrastructure. Based on the Advanced Messaging Queuing Protocol (AMQP) and standards, this novel approach does not specify the message data structure, allowing great flexibility in its use. After careful consideration, we chose Google Protocol Buffers as our primary (de)serialization format for structured data exchange. This migration allows us to reduce the overall system complexity and greatly improve the reliability of the metadata collection and the performance of our online services in general. We will present this new framework through its software architecture overview, providing details about our staged and non-disruptive migration process as well as details of the implementation of pluggable components to provide future improvements without compromising stability and availability of services. C1 [Arkhipkin, D.; Lauret, J.; Betts, W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Arkhipkin, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM arkhipkin@bnl.gov; jlauret@bnl.gov; wbetts@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 022003 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/2/022003 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Nuclear SC Computer Science; Physics GA BYU76 UT WOS:000300507900003 ER PT S AU Damazio, DO AF Damazio, D. O. CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IOP TI Performance of the ATLAS Calorimeter Trigger with 7 TeV Collision Data SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB Since the start of the LHC physics programme earlier this year, the ATLAS detector has been collecting proton-proton collisions at a 7 TeV center of mass energy. As the LHC luminosity rises the ATLAS trigger system must become increasingly selective to reduce the event rate from a design bunch crossing rate of 40 MHz to 200 Hz to be recorded for offline analysis. To achieve this goal, the trigger algorithms must meet challenging requirements in terms of speed and selectivity. The ATLAS trigger is hardware based at level-1 and uses software algorithms running on a farm of commercial processors at the next two trigger levels. The calorimeter-based software algorithms perform the selection of electrons, photons, jets, taus and also events with missing transverse energy. We present the physics performance achieved during 2010 data taking, highlighting the achievements of the different signatures. Event features reconstructed by the Trigger are compared with offline reconstruction and with expectations from MC simulations. Rate stability, processing time and data access performance during different periods of data-taking are also discussed. The results presented demonstrate that the calorimeter based trigger is effective in selecting data for the ATLAS physics programme. C1 [Damazio, D. O.; ATLAS Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Damazio, DO (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM damazio@bnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 022005 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/2/022005 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Nuclear SC Computer Science; Physics GA BYU76 UT WOS:000300507900005 ER PT S AU Lu, QM Kowalkowski, JB Biery, KA AF Lu, Qiming Kowalkowski, J. B. Biery, K. A. GP IOP TI The Message Logging System for NOvA Experiment SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING IN HIGH ENERGY AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (CHEP 2010) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) CY OCT 18-22, 2010 CL Taipei, TAIWAN AB The message logging system provides the infrastructure for all of the distributed processes in the data acquisition (DAQ) to report status messages of various severities in a consistent manner to a central location, as well as providing the tools for displaying and archiving the messages. The message logging system has been developed over a decade, and has been run successfully on CDF and CMS experiments. The most recent work to the message logging system is to build it as a stand-alone package with the name Message Facility which works for any generic framework or applications, with NOvA as the first driving user. System designs and architectures, as well as the efforts of making it a generic library will be discussed. We also present new features that have been added. C1 [Lu, Qiming; Kowalkowski, J. B.; Biery, K. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lu, QM (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM qlu@fnal.gov; jbk@fnal.gov; biery@fnal.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 331 AR 022017 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/331/2/022017 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Nuclear SC Computer Science; Physics GA BYU76 UT WOS:000300507900017 ER PT J AU Pennycook, SJ van Benthem, K Marinopoulos, AG Oh, SH Molina, SI Borisevich, AY Luo, W Pantelides, ST AF Pennycook, S. J. van Benthem, K. Marinopoulos, A. G. Oh, S-H. Molina, S. I. Borisevich, A. Y. Luo, W. Pantelides, S. T. TI Seeing inside materials by aberration-corrected electron microscopy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scanning transmission electron microscopy; aberration correction; Z-contrast; semiconductor devices; nanowires; point defects ID ATOMS; SI-SIO2; ORIGIN; SI AB The recent successful correction of lens aberrations in the electron microscope has improved resolution by more than a factor of two in just a few years, bringing many benefits for the study of materials. These benefits extend significantly beyond enhanced resolution alone. Aberration correction gives higher resolution by allowing the objective lens to have a wider aperture, which also results in a reduced depth of field. This effect can be used to only focus specific sections inside materials for the first time. In this contribution we describe recent results exploiting this capability. Additionally, we show how combining the microscopy data with first-principles theory gives new insights into materials properties. We cover two applications, both involving heavy atoms in a lighter host. The first shows how single Hf atoms can be mapped in three dimensions inside the 1 nm-wide SiO2 region of a high dielectric constant device structure, and how a link to macroscopic device properties results through theoretical calculations. The second example is from the field of nanoscience, where individual Au atoms are imaged inside Si nanowires grown by a vapour-liquid-solid mechanism. The majority of Au atoms are probably injected by the highly energetic electron beam. However, their observed sites and atomic configurations represent at least meta-stable configurations and match well to results from density functional calculations. C1 [Pennycook, S. J.; Borisevich, A. Y.; Luo, W.; Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [van Benthem, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Marinopoulos, A. G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Oh, S-H.] Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Molina, S. I.] Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat & IM & QI, Cadiz, Spain. RP Pennycook, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pennycooksj@ornl.gov; benthem@ucdavis.edu; apostolos.marinopoulos@vanderbilt.edu; shoh@kbsi.re.kr; sergio.molina@uca.es; albinab@oml.gov; weidong.luo@vanderbilt.edu; pantelides@vanderbilt.edu RI Marinopoulos, Apostolos/L-5044-2013; Borisevich, Albina/B-1624-2009; Molina, Sergio/A-8241-2008; Luo, Weidong/A-8418-2009 OI Marinopoulos, Apostolos/0000-0002-1951-4832; Borisevich, Albina/0000-0002-3953-8460; Molina, Sergio/0000-0002-5221-2852; Luo, Weidong/0000-0003-3829-1547 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Divisions of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Scientific User Facilities; NSF-NIRT [DMR-0403480]; NODE; SANDiE European Networks of Excellence [NMP4-CT-2004-500101]; SpanishMEC [TEC2005-0578 1-C03-02, TEC2008-06756-C03-02]; Junta de Andalucia PAI research group [TEP-120, PAI05-TEP-383, TEP-3516]; McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University FX The authors would like to thank their collaborators in the work reviewed here, P. Werner, N.D. Zakharov, D. Kumar, M. Kim, H.S. Baik, W.H. Sides and J.T. Luck, which was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Divisions of Materials Sciences and Engineering (SJP, AYB, WDL) and Scientific User Facilities (AYB, KvB), an NSF-NIRT project (DMR-0403480, SHO), the NODE and SANDiE European Networks of Excellence (Contract No. NMP4-CT-2004-500101), the SpanishMEC (TEC2005-0578 1-C03-02 and TEC2008-06756-C03-02) and the Junta de Andalucia (PAI research group TEP-120; projects PAI05-TEP-383 and TEP-3516, SIM) and the McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University (STP). This work was supported in part by a grant of computer time at the DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 1475-7435 J9 INT J NANOTECHNOL JI Int. J. Nanotechnol. PY 2011 VL 8 IS 10-12 SI SI BP 935 EP 947 PG 13 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 896SM UT WOS:000300591700016 ER PT S AU David, G AF David, Gabor GP IOP TI Exploring the initial state in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR PHYSICS CONFERENCE 2010 (INPC): HOT AND DENSE QCD SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC) CY JUL 04-09, 2010 CL TRIUMF, Canadian Natl Lab Particle & Nucl Phys, Vancouver, CANADA HO TRIUMF, Canadian Natl Lab Particle & Nucl Phys ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB While the most spectacular effects seen in relativistic heavy ion collisions are attributed to the formation of a strongly interacting, hot and dense medium (final state), there is a rapidly growing consensus that the initial state of the incoming relativistic nuclei is in part responsible for the observed phenomena. The initial state is best studied in d+Au collisions where only cold nuclear matter is present and probed by a single proton or neutron. Based on the latest results from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC (BNL) from the high statistics d+Au data at root sNN-200 GeV (2008) we will review the nuclear modification factors at forward rapidities as well as the status of central-forward and forward-forward correlations which provide an important test of gluon saturation in the Au nucleus at low momentum fraction x. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP David, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM david@bnl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 312 AR 012006 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/312/1/012006 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BYM50 UT WOS:000299347300006 ER PT J AU Thrash, JC Ahmadi, S Coates, JD AF Thrash, J. Cameron Ahmadi, Sarir Coates, John D. BE Stolz, JF Oremland, RS TI ANAEROBIC RESPIRATORY IRON(II) OXIDATION SO MICROBIAL METAL AND METALLOID METABOLISM: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITRATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; NATURALLY-OCCURRING PERCHLORATE; FERROUS IRON; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; DEPENDENT OXIDATION; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; CIRCUMNEUTRAL-PH; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; STRAIN 2002; HIGH-PLAINS C1 [Thrash, J. Cameron; Ahmadi, Sarir; Coates, John D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Coates, John D.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Nat Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Thrash, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-719-0 PY 2011 BP 157 EP 171 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BYN80 UT WOS:000299464700010 ER PT J AU Wrighton, KC Engelbrektson, AE Clark, IC Melnyk, RA Coates, JD AF Wrighton, Kelly C. Engelbrektson, Anna E. Clark, Iain C. Melnyk, Ryan A. Coates, John D. BE Stolz, JF Oremland, RS TI ACCENTUATE THE POSITIVE: DISSIMILATORY IRON REDUCTION BY GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA SO MICROBIAL METAL AND METALLOID METABOLISM: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; INSOLUBLE FE(III) OXIDE; SP-NOV.; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; REDUCING BACTERIUM; FERRIC IRON; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIUM; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION C1 [Wrighton, Kelly C.; Engelbrektson, Anna E.; Clark, Iain C.; Melnyk, Ryan A.; Coates, John D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Coates, John D.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wrighton, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Engelbrektson, Anna/K-5563-2012 NR 86 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-719-0 PY 2011 BP 173 EP + PG 23 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BYN80 UT WOS:000299464700011 ER PT J AU Elias, DA Fields, MW AF Elias, Dwayne A. Fields, Matthew W. BE Stolz, JF Oremland, RS TI TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF METAL-REDUCING BACTERIA SO MICROBIAL METAL AND METALLOID METABOLISM: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; ARGININE TRANSLOCATION PATHWAY; URANIUM-CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; ENERGY-METABOLISM MUTANTS; REGULATOR FUR MUTANT; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS; GENE-EXPRESSION; OUTER-MEMBRANE C1 [Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fields, Matthew W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Elias, DA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 176 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-719-0 PY 2011 BP 213 EP + PG 35 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BYN80 UT WOS:000299464700013 ER PT J AU Pearce, CI Baesman, SM Blum, JS Fellowes, JW Oremland, RS AF Pearce, Carolyn I. Baesman, Shaun M. Blum, Jodi Switzer Fellowes, Jonathan W. Oremland, Ronald S. BE Stolz, JF Oremland, RS TI NANOPARTICLES FORMED FROM MICROBIAL OXYANION REDUCTION OF TOXIC GROUP 15 AND GROUP 16 METALLOIDS SO MICROBIAL METAL AND METALLOID METABOLISM: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENTEROBACTER-CLOACAE SLD1A-1; REDUCING BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; ELEMENTAL SELENIUM; SP NOV.; MONO LAKE; RESPIRING BACTERIA; SELENATE REDUCTION; THAUERA-SELENATIS; DISSIMILATORY REDUCTION; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES C1 [Pearce, Carolyn I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Baesman, Shaun M.; Blum, Jodi Switzer; Oremland, Ronald S.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Fellowes, Jonathan W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Pearce, CI (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 99 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-719-0 PY 2011 BP 297 EP + PG 25 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BYN80 UT WOS:000299464700017 ER PT S AU Shet, S AF Shet, Sudhakar BE Leonte, O Aguilar, Z Bock, C Traversa, E TI Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Application SO NANOTECHNOLOGY (GENERAL) - 218TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 218th Meeting of The Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium on Nanotechnology General Session/Symposium on Molecular Structure of the Solid-Liquid Interface and Its Relationship to Electrodeposition 7 CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Electrodeposit ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; ALIGNED NANORODS; ZNO(AL,N) FILMS; TIO2; PHOTOCATALYSIS; ELECTRODES; GROWTH AB We have investigated the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures and their influence on photoelectrochemical response for water splitting application. A porous ZnO nanocoral structure synthesized using two step process provides a large surface area, superior light trapping, and an excellent pathway for carrier transport, resulted in a significantly increased PEC response compared to the compact ZnO thin films. We have also deposited ZnO nanorods. We found that the presence of N-2 in the growth ambient help to promote the formation of aligned nanorods at high substrate temperature of 500 degrees C, resulting in the significantly enhanced PEC response, compared to ZnO films. We investigated the presence of optimum N-2 to Ar ratio in the deposition ambient, which promotes the formation of well aligned ZnO nanorods. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shet, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-248-6 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 38 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1149/1.3583510 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BYU62 UT WOS:000300453400003 ER PT J AU Starkenburg, SR Spieck, E Bottomley, PJ AF Starkenburg, Shawn R. Spieck, Eva Bottomley, Peter J. BE Ward, BB Arp, DJ Klotz, MG TI METABOLISM AND GENOMICS OF NITRITE-OXIDIZING BACTERIA: EMPHASIS ON STUDIES OF PURE CULTURES AND OF NITROBACTER SPECIES SO NITRIFICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITROSPIRA-LIKE BACTERIA; DEPENDENT PROTON TRANSLOCATION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT PARTICLES; MIXED CONTINUOUS CULTURES; GEN-NOV-SP; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA; NITRIFYING BACTERIA; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-PALUSTRIS; PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP; CARBOXYLASE-OXYGENASE C1 [Starkenburg, Shawn R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Spieck, Eva] Univ Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek Mikrobiol & Biotechnol, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. [Bottomley, Peter J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bottomley, Peter J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Starkenburg, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS888,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Spieck, Eva/E-7223-2017 NR 106 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-714-5 PY 2011 BP 267 EP 293 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BYO29 UT WOS:000299487900012 ER PT J AU Grote, J Bayindirli, C Bergauer, K de Moraes, PC Chen, H D'Ambrosio, L Edwards, B Fernandez-Gomez, B Hamisi, M Logares, R Nguyen, D Rii, YM Saeck, E Schutte, C Widner, B Church, MJ Steward, GF Karl, DM DeLong, EF Eppley, JM Schuster, SC Kyrpides, NC Rappe, MS AF Grote, Jana Bayindirli, Cansu Bergauer, Kristin de Moraes, Paula Carpintero Chen, Huan D'Ambrosio, Lindsay Edwards, Bethanie Fernandez-Gomez, Beatriz Hamisi, Mariam Logares, Ramiro Dan Nguyen Rii, Yoshimi M. Saeck, Emily Schutte, Charles Widner, Brittany Church, Matthew J. Steward, Grieg F. Karl, David M. DeLong, Edward F. Eppley, John M. Schuster, Stephan C. Kyrpides, Nikos C. Rappe, Michael S. TI Draft genome sequence of strain HIMB100, a cultured representative of the SAR116 clade of marine Alphaproteobacteria SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE marine bacterioplankton; genome; proteorhodopsin; SAR116; Rhodospirillaceae ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GEN. NOV.; BACTERIOPLANKTON; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; ANNOTATION; COMMUNITY; ATLANTIC; SEAWATER; SYSTEM AB Strain HIMB100 is a planktonic marine bacterium in the class Alphaproteobacteria. This strain is of interest because it is one of the first known isolates from a globally ubiquitous clade of marine bacteria known as SAR116 within the family Rhodospirillaceae. Here we describe preliminary features of the organism, together with the draft genome sequence and annotation. This is the second genome sequence of a member of the SAR116 clade. The 2,458,945 bp genome contains 2,334 protein-coding and 42 RNA genes. C1 [Grote, Jana; Bayindirli, Cansu; Bergauer, Kristin; de Moraes, Paula Carpintero; Chen, Huan; D'Ambrosio, Lindsay; Edwards, Bethanie; Fernandez-Gomez, Beatriz; Hamisi, Mariam; Logares, Ramiro; Dan Nguyen; Rii, Yoshimi M.; Saeck, Emily; Schutte, Charles; Widner, Brittany; Church, Matthew J.; Steward, Grieg F.; Karl, David M.; DeLong, Edward F.; Rappe, Michael S.] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Microbial Oceanog Res & Educ, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Grote, Jana; Rappe, Michael S.] Univ Hawaii, SOEST, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI USA. [Bayindirli, Cansu] Univ E Anglia, Plymouth Marine Lab, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Bergauer, Kristin] Univ Vienna, Dept Marine Biol, Vienna, Austria. [de Moraes, Paula Carpintero] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, Huan] Florida A&M Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [D'Ambrosio, Lindsay] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Edwards, Bethanie] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Fernandez-Gomez, Beatriz; Logares, Ramiro] CSIC, Dept Biol Marina & Oceanog, Inst Ciencias Mar, CMIMA, Barcelona, Spain. [Hamisi, Mariam] Univ Dodoma, Sch Nat Sci & Math, Dodoma, Tanzania. [Dan Nguyen] Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Rii, Yoshimi M.; Church, Matthew J.; Steward, Grieg F.; Karl, David M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Saeck, Emily] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Schutte, Charles] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Widner, Brittany] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA USA. [DeLong, Edward F.; Eppley, John M.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schuster, Stephan C.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Comparat Genom & Bioinformat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kyrpides, Nikos C.] Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Rappe, MS (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Ctr Microbial Oceanog Res & Educ, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM rappe@hawaii.edu RI Logares, Ramiro/D-5920-2011; Moraes, Paula/G-1964-2015; Steward, Grieg/D-9768-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Logares, Ramiro/0000-0002-8213-0604; Steward, Grieg/0000-0001-5988-0522; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Hamisi, Mariam/0000-0002-0144-2930; Schutte, Charles/0000-0002-3907-7828; , /0000-0001-9858-9834 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Agouron Institute; University of Hawaii at Manoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST); Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE); National Science Foundation [EF0424599] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, which funded sequencing of this genome. Annotation was performed as part of the 2010 Summer Course in Microbial Oceanography (http://cmore.soest.hawaii.edu/summercourse/2010/index.htm), with support from the Agouron Institute, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the University of Hawaii at Manoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), and the Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE), a National Science Foundation-funded Science and Technology Center (award No. EF0424599). This is SOEST contribution 8364 and HIMB contribution 1459. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.4056/sigs.1854551 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600002 PM 22675578 ER PT J AU Chertkov, O Brown, PJB Kysela, DT De Pedro, MA Lucas, S Copeland, A Lapidus, A Del Rio, TG Tice, H Bruce, D Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Detter, JC Han, C Larimer, F Chang, YJ Jeffries, CD Land, M Hauser, L Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, N Ovchinnikova, G Tindall, BJ Goker, M Klenk, HP Brun, YV AF Chertkov, Olga Brown, Pamela J. B. Kysela, David T. De Pedro, Miguel A. Lucas, Susan Copeland, Alex Lapidus, Alla Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Tice, Hope Bruce, David Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Detter, John C. Han, Cliff Larimer, Frank Chang, Yun-juan Jeffries, Cynthia D. Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Kyrpides, Nikos C. Ivanova, Natalia Ovchinnikova, Galina Tindall, Brian J. Goeker, Markus Klenk, Hans-Peter Brun, Yves V. TI Complete genome sequence of Hirschia baltica type strain (IFAM 1418(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; chemoheterotrophic; mesophile; Gram-negative; motile; budding; stalk-forming; Hyphomonadaceae; Alphaproteobacteria; CSP 2008 ID BACTERIUM HYPHOMONAS-JANNASCHIANA; CAULOBACTER-CRESCENTUS; ADHESIVE HOLDFAST; RNA GENES; SEAWATER; DATABASE; ORDER; ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA; PROTEOBACTERIA; IDENTIFICATION AB The family Hyphomonadaceae within the Alphaproteobacteria is largely comprised of bacteria isolated from marine environments with striking morphologies and an unusual mode of cell growth. Here, we report the complete genome sequence Hirschia baltica, which is only the second a member of the Hyphomonadaceae with a published genome sequence. H. baltica is of special interest because it has a dimorphic life cycle and is a stalked, budding bacterium. The 3,455,622 bp long chromosome and 84,492 bp plasmid with a total of 3,222 protein-coding and 44 RNA genes were sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Program CSP 2008. C1 [Tindall, Brian J.; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms & Cell Culture, Braunschweig, Germany. [Chertkov, Olga; Lucas, Susan; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Tice, Hope; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Detter, John C.; Han, Cliff; Chang, Yun-juan; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia; Ovchinnikova, Galina] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Chertkov, Olga; Goodwin, Lynne; Detter, John C.; Han, Cliff; Larimer, Frank] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Brown, Pamela J. B.; Kysela, David T.; Brun, Yves V.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. [De Pedro, Miguel A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Chang, Yun-juan; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms & Cell Culture, Braunschweig, Germany. EM hpk@dsmz.de; ybrun@indiana.edu RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI) [787681]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of Health [GM051986, GM077648]; National Science Foundation [MCB0731950]; National Institutes of Health National Research Service [AI072992, GM083581]; Ministry of Education and Science, Spain (MEC) [BFU2006-04574]; Fundacion Ramon Areces; Indiana University META-Cyt; Lilly Foundation FX This work was supported by a Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI) 2008 Community Sequencing Project (787681) award to Y.V.B. The work conducted by the U.S. DOE-JGI was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was also supported by National Institutes of Health (GM051986 and GM077648) and National Science Foundation (MCB0731950) awards to Y.V.B. P.J.B.B. and D.T.K. were supported by National Institutes of Health National Research Service Awards AI072992 and GM083581, respectively. M.A.P. was supported by Ministry of Education and Science, Spain (MEC, BFU2006-04574) and Fundacion Ramon Areces. Part of this work was also supported by a grant from the Indiana University META-Cyt program funded in part by a major endowment from the Lilly Foundation. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.4056/sigs.2205004 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600004 PM 22675580 ER PT J AU Schleheck, D Weiss, M Pitluck, S Bruce, D Land, ML Han, SS Saunders, E Tapia, R Detter, C Brettin, T Han, J Woyke, T Goodwin, L Pennacchio, L Nolan, M Cook, AM Kjelleberg, S Thomas, T AF Schleheck, David Weiss, Michael Pitluck, Sam Bruce, David Land, Miriam L. Han, Shunsheng Saunders, Elizabeth Tapia, Roxanne Detter, Chris Brettin, Thomas Han, James Woyke, Tanja Goodwin, Lynne Pennacchio, Len Nolan, Matt Cook, Alasdair M. Kjelleberg, Staffan Thomas, Torsten TI Complete genome sequence of Parvibaculum lavamentivorans type strain (DS-1(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Parvibaculum lavamentivorans DS-1; aerobic; Gram-negative; Rhodobiaceae; surfactant biodegradation ID LINEAR ALKYLDIPHENYLETHERDISULFONATE SURFACTANTS; GEN. NOV.; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; DEGRADING BACTERIA; RNA GENES; ALKYLBENZENESULFONATE; DIVERSITY; TOOL; DEGRADATION; CONSORTIUM AB Parvibaculum lavamentivorans DS-1(T) is the type species of the novel genus Parvibaculum in the novel family Rhodobiaceae (formerly Phyllobacteriaceae) of the order Rhizobiales of Al-phaproteobacteria. Strain DS-1(T) is a non-pigmented, aerobic, heterotrophic bacterium and represents the first tier member of environmentally important bacterial communities that catalyze the complete degradation of synthetic laundry surfactants. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 3,914,745 bp long genome with its predicted 3,654 protein coding genes is the first completed genome sequence of the genus Parvibaculum, and the first genome sequence of a representative of the family Rhodobiaceae. C1 [Schleheck, David; Weiss, Michael; Cook, Alasdair M.] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol Sci, Constance, Germany. [Schleheck, David; Weiss, Michael; Cook, Alasdair M.] Univ Konstanz, Res Sch Chem Biol, Constance, Germany. [Pitluck, Sam; Han, James; Woyke, Tanja; Pennacchio, Len; Nolan, Matt] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Bruce, David; Han, Shunsheng; Saunders, Elizabeth; Tapia, Roxanne; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam L.; Brettin, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Kjelleberg, Staffan; Thomas, Torsten] Univ New S Wales, Ctr Marine Bioinnovat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Kjelleberg, Staffan; Thomas, Torsten] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biotechnol & Biomol Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Schleheck, D (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol Sci, Constance, Germany. EM david.schleheck@uni-konstanz.de RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kjelleberg, Staffan/C-9229-2015 OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kjelleberg, Staffan/0000-0003-4271-6413 FU University of Konstanz; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology; University of New South Wales; Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SCHL 1936/1-1]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-36] FX We thank Joachim Hentschel for SEM operation. The work was supported by the University of Konstanz and the Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, the University of New South Wales and the Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grant SCHL 1936/1-1 to D.S.). The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and that of the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. NR 59 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 298 EP 310 DI 10.4056/sigs.2215005 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600005 PM 22675581 ER PT J AU Weissgerber, T Zigann, R Bruce, D Chang, YJ Detter, JC Han, C Hauser, L Jeffries, CD Land, M Munk, AC Tapia, R Dahl, C AF Weissgerber, Thomas Zigann, Renate Bruce, David Chang, Yun-juan Detter, John C. Han, Cliff Hauser, Loren Jeffries, Cynthia D. Land, Miriam Munk, A. Christine Tapia, Roxanne Dahl, Christiane TI Complete genome sequence of Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180(T) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE purple sulfur bacteria; Chromatiaceae; versatile ID BACTERIUM CHROMATIUM-VINOSUM; PURPLE SULFUR BACTERIUM; THIOCAPSA-ROSEOPERSICINA BBS; 1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE; ANOXYGENIC PHOTOTROPHIC BACTERIA; SULFITE REDUCTASE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; NITROGEN-FIXATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NIFE HYDROGENASE AB Allochromatium vinosum formerly Chromatium vinosum is a mesophilic purple sulfur bacterium belonging to the family Chromatiaceae in the bacterial class Gammaproteobacteria. The genus Allochromatium contains currently five species. All members were isolated from freshwater, brackish water or marine habitats and are predominately obligate phototrophs. Here we describe the features of the organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first completed genome sequence of a member of the Chromatiaceae within the purple sulfur bacteria thriving in globally occurring habitats. The 3,669,074 bp genome with its 3,302 protein-coding and 64 RNA genes was sequenced within the Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program. C1 [Weissgerber, Thomas; Zigann, Renate; Dahl, Christiane] Univ Bonn, Inst Mikrobiol & Biotechnol, Bonn, Germany. [Bruce, David; Chang, Yun-juan; Detter, John C.; Han, Cliff; Hauser, Loren; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam; Munk, A. Christine; Tapia, Roxanne] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Dahl, C (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Mikrobiol & Biotechnol, Bonn, Germany. EM ChDahl@uni-bonn.de RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Dahl, Christiane/0000-0001-8288-7546 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [Da 351/4-3, Da 351/5-1, Da 351/6-1]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by grants Da 351/4-3, Da 351/5-1 and Da 351/6-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). We are grateful for the electron micrograph of an A. vinosum cell which was kindly provided by Hans G. Truper, Bonn. The electron micrograph was made by HGT in the laboratory of Stanley W. Watson (Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole Oceanogrophic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA) with the participation of Charles C. Remsen III and John B. Waterbury. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 121 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 21 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 311 EP 330 DI 10.4056/sigs.2335270 PG 20 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600006 PM 22675582 ER PT J AU Rhee, MS Moritz, BE Xie, G del Rio, TG Dalin, E Tice, H Bruce, D Goodwin, L Chertkov, O Brettin, T Han, C Detter, C Pitluck, S Land, ML Patel, M Ou, M Harbrucker, R Ingram, LO Shanmugam, KT AF Rhee, Mun Su Moritz, Brelan E. Xie, Gary del Rio, T. Glavina Dalin, E. Tice, H. Bruce, D. Goodwin, L. Chertkov, O. Brettin, T. Han, C. Detter, C. Pitluck, S. Land, Miriam L. Patel, Milind Ou, Mark Harbrucker, Roberta Ingram, Lonnie O. Shanmugam, K. T. TI Complete Genome Sequence of a thermotolerant sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus coagulans strain 36D1 SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Bacillus coagulans; genome sequence; lactic acid; fermentation; probiotics; thermotolerant bacterium ID SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; RNA GENES; FERMENTATION; CELLULOSE; PRODUCTS; TOOL AB Bacillus coagulans is a ubiquitous soil bacterium that grows at 50-55 degrees C and pH 5.0 and ferments various sugars that constitute plant biomass to L (+)-lactic acid. The ability of this sporogenic lactic acid bacterium to grow at 50-55 degrees C and pH 5.0 makes this organism an attractive microbial biocatalyst for production of optically pure lactic acid at industrial scale not only from glucose derived from cellulose but also from xylose, a major constituent of hemicellulose. This bacterium is also considered as a potential probiotic. Complete genome sequence of a representative strain, B. coagulans strain 36D1, is presented and discussed. C1 [Rhee, Mun Su; Moritz, Brelan E.; Patel, Milind; Ou, Mark; Harbrucker, Roberta; Ingram, Lonnie O.; Shanmugam, K. T.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Xie, Gary; Bruce, D.; Goodwin, L.; Chertkov, O.; Han, C.; Detter, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Xie, Gary; del Rio, T. Glavina; Dalin, E.; Tice, H.; Bruce, D.; Goodwin, L.; Chertkov, O.; Han, C.; Detter, C.; Pitluck, S.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Brettin, T.; Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Shanmugam, KT (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM shan@ufl.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU Department of Energy [DE-FG36-04GO14019, DE-FG36-08GO88142]; US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-10006-30358]; State of Florida, University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station; Florida Energy Systems Consortium; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Department of Energy (DE-FG36-04GO14019 and DE-FG36-08GO88142), US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2011-10006-30358), the State of Florida, University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station and Florida Energy Systems Consortium. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 15 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 331 EP 340 DI 10.4056/sigs.2365342 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600007 PM 22675583 ER PT J AU Muyzer, G Sorokin, DY Mavromatis, K Lapidus, A Foster, B Sun, H Ivanova, N Pati, A D'haeseleer, P Woyke, T Kyrpides, NC AF Muyzer, Gerard Sorokin, Dimitry Y. Mavromatis, Konstantinos Lapidus, Alla Foster, Brian Sun, Hui Ivanova, Natalia Pati, Amrita D'haeseleer, Patrik Woyke, Tanja Kyrpides, Nikos C. TI Complete genome sequence of Thioalkalivibrio sp. K90mix SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE natronophilic; sulfide; thiosulfate; sulfur-oxidizing bacteria; soda lakes ID SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; HETERODISULFIDE REDUCTASE; SODA LAKES; SP-NOV; ENZYMES; PH; ACIDITHIOBACILLUS; DENITRIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; CYANOBACTERIA AB Thioalkalivibrio sp. K90mix is an obligately chemolithoautotrophic, natronophilic sulfuroxidizing bacterium (SOxB) belonging to the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae within the Gammaproteobacteria. The strain was isolated from a mixture of sediment samples obtained from different soda lakes located in the Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) based on its extreme potassium carbonate tolerance as an enrichment method. Here we report the complete genome sequence of strain K90mix and its annotation. The genome was sequenced within the Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program, because of its relevance to the sustainable removal of sulfide from wastewater and gas streams. C1 [Muyzer, Gerard; Sorokin, Dimitry Y.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Delft, Netherlands. [Muyzer, Gerard] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sorokin, Dimitry Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Winogradsky Inst Microbiol, Moscow, Russia. [Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Lapidus, Alla; Foster, Brian; Sun, Hui; Ivanova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Woyke, Tanja; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Muyzer, G (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Delft, Netherlands. EM g.muijzer@uva.nl RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Muyzer, Gerard/A-3161-2013 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; D'haeseleer, Patrik/0000-0003-0007-8150; Muyzer, Gerard/0000-0002-2422-0732; Ivanova, Natalia/0000-0002-5802-9485; FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; RFBR [10-04-00152] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Dimitry Sorokin was supported financially by RFBR grant 10-04-00152. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 14 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 341 EP 355 DI 10.4056/sigs.2315092 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600008 PM 22675584 ER PT J AU Kiss, H Nett, M Domin, N Martin, K Maresca, JA Copeland, A Lapidus, A Lucas, S Berry, KW Del Rio, TG Dalin, E Tice, H Pitluck, S Richardson, P Bruce, D Goodwin, L Han, C Detter, JC Schmutz, J Brettin, T Land, M Hauser, L Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, N Goker, M Woyke, T Klenk, HP Bryant, DA AF Kiss, Hajnalka Nett, Markus Domin, Nicole Martin, Karin Maresca, Julia A. Copeland, Alex Lapidus, Alla Lucas, Susan Berry, Kerrie W. Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Dalin, Eileen Tice, Hope Pitluck, Sam Richardson, Paul Bruce, David Goodwin, Lynne Han, Cliff Detter, John C. Schmutz, Jeremy Brettin, Thomas Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Kyrpides, Nikos C. Ivanova, Natalia Goeker, Markus Woyke, Tanja Klenk, Hans-Peter Bryant, Donald A. TI Complete genome sequence of the filamentous gliding predatory bacterium Herpetosiphon aurantiacus type strain (114-95(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Chemoorganoheterotrophic; Gram-negative; gliding; ensheathed filaments; free-living; predator; Herpetosiphonaceae; Chloroflexi; DOEM2005 ID SPHAEROBACTER-THERMOPHILUS; FLAVOBACTERIUM-JOHNSONIAE; MOTILITY; IDENTIFICATION; MYXOBACTERIA; CHLOROFLEXI; DIVERSITY; ALGORITHM; DATABASE; PATHWAY AB Herpetosiphon aurantiacus Holt and Lewin 1968 is the type species of the genus Herpetosiphon, which in turn is the type genus of the family Herpetosiphonaceae, type family of the order Herpetosiphonales in the phylum Chloroflexi. H. aurantiacus cells are organized in filaments which can rapidly glide. The species is of interest not only because of its rather isolated position in the tree of life, but also because Herpetosiphon ssp. were identified as predators capable of facultative predation by a wolf pack strategy and of degrading the prey organisms by excreted hydrolytic enzymes. The genome of H. aurantiacus strain 114-95(T) is the first completely sequenced genome of a member of the family Herpetosiphonaceae. The 6,346,587 bp long chromosome and the two 339,639 bp and 99,204 bp long plasmids with a total of 5,577 protein-coding and 77 RNA genes was sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Program DOEM 2005. C1 [Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibnitz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms, Braunschweig, Germany. [Kiss, Hajnalka; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; Lucas, Susan; Berry, Kerrie W.; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Pitluck, Sam; Richardson, Paul; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Cliff; Detter, John C.; Brettin, Thomas; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Kiss, Hajnalka; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Cliff; Detter, John C.; Schmutz, Jeremy; Brettin, Thomas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Nett, Markus; Domin, Nicole; Martin, Karin] Hans Knoell Inst, Leibniz Inst Nat Prod Res & Infect Biol, Jena, Germany. [Maresca, Julia A.; Bryant, Donald A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37821 USA. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibnitz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms, Braunschweig, Germany. RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013 OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [MCB-0523100]; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [0315591A] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and was also supported by NSF grant MCB-0523100 to D.A.B. M.N. gratefully acknowledges the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF 0315591A) for supporting research involving genomics within the GenoMik-Transfer framework. NR 62 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 356 EP 370 DI 10.4056/sigs.21949878 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600009 PM 22675585 ER PT J AU Bini, E Rauschenbach, I Narasingarao, P Starovoytov, V Hauser, L Jeffries, CD Land, M Bruce, D Detter, C Goodwin, L Han, SS Held, B Tapia, R Copeland, A Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Nolan, M Pati, A Pennacchio, L Pitluck, S Woyke, T Haggblom, M AF Bini, Elisabetta Rauschenbach, Ines Narasingarao, Priya Starovoytov, Valentin Hauser, Lauren Jeffries, Cynthia D. Land, Miriam Bruce, David Detter, Chris Goodwin, Lynne Han, Shunsheng Held, Brittany Tapia, Roxanne Copeland, Alex Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Nolan, Matt Pati, Amrita Pennacchio, Len Pitluck, Sam Woyke, Tanja Haeggblom, Max TI Complete genome sequence of Desulfurispirillum indicum strain S5(T) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Desulfurispirillum indicum S5; Chrysiogenetes; arsenate; selenate; anaerobe; free-living ID NOV-SP NOV.; REDUCING BACTERIUM; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; GENES; TOOL AB Desulfurispirillum indicum strain S5(T) is a strictly anaerobic bacterium isolated from river sediment in Chennai, India. D. indicum belongs to the deep branching phylum of Chrysiogenetes, which currently only includes three other cultured species. Strain S5(T) is the type strain of the species and it is capable of growth using selenate, selenite, arsenate, nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptors. The 2,928,377 bp genome encodes 2,619 proteins and 49 RNA genes, and the information gained from its sequence will be relevant to the elucidation of microbially-mediated transformations of arsenic and selenium, in addition to deepening our knowledge of the underrepresented phylum of Chrysiogenetes. C1 [Bini, Elisabetta; Rauschenbach, Ines; Narasingarao, Priya] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Starovoytov, Valentin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Hauser, Lauren; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Shunsheng; Held, Brittany; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Bini, E (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM bini@aesop.rutgers.edu RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Haggblom, Max/E-7597-2010; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Haggblom, Max/0000-0001-6307-7863; Rauschenbach, Inga/0000-0002-9949-0761; Ivanova, Natalia/0000-0002-5802-9485 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [EAR 0843295] FX The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was funded in part by NSF grant EAR 0843295. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.4056/sigs.2425302 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600010 PM 22675586 ER PT J AU Copeland, A O'Connor, K Lucas, S Lapidus, A Berry, KW Detter, JC Del Rio, TG Hammon, N Dalin, E Tice, H Pitluck, S Bruce, D Goodwin, L Han, C Tapia, R Saunders, E Schmutz, J Brettin, T Larimer, F Land, M Hauser, L Vargas, C Nieto, JJ Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, N Goker, M Klenk, HP Csonka, LN Woyke, T AF Copeland, Alex O'Connor, Kathleen Lucas, Susan Lapidus, Alla Berry, Kerrie W. Detter, John C. Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Hammon, Nancy Dalin, Eileen Tice, Hope Pitluck, Sam Bruce, David Goodwin, Lynne Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Saunders, Elizabeth Schmutz, Jeremy Brettin, Thomas Larimer, Frank Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Vargas, Carmen Nieto, Joaquin J. Kyrpides, Nikos C. Ivanova, Natalia Goeker, Markus Klenk, Hans-Peter Csonka, Laszlo N. Woyke, Tanja TI Complete genome sequence of the halophilic and highly halotolerant Chromohalobacter salexigens type strain (1H11(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; chemoorganotrophic; Gram-negative; motile; moderately halophilic; halo tolerant; ectoine synthesis; Halomonadaceae; Gammaproteobacteria; DOEM 2004 ID ET-AL. 1989; HALOMONAS-ELONGATA; FAMILY HALOMONADACEAE; SP NOV.; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; FRANZMANN 1996; GEN. NOV.; BACTERIUM; TOOL; UNIFICATION AB Chromohalobacter salexigens is one of nine currently known species of the genus Chromohalobacter in the family Halomonadaceae. It is the most halotolerant of the so-called 'moderately halophilic bacteria' currently known and, due to its strong euryhaline phenotype, it is an established model organism for prokaryotic osmoadaptation. C. salexigens strain 1H11(T) and Halomonas elongata are the first and the second members of the family Halomonadaceae with a completely sequenced genome. The 3,696,649 bp long chromosome with a total of 3,319 protein-coding and 93 RNA genes was sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Program DOEM 2004. C1 [Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Copeland, Alex; Lucas, Susan; Lapidus, Alla; Berry, Kerrie W.; Detter, John C.; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Hammon, Nancy; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Pitluck, Sam; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Saunders, Elizabeth; Brettin, Thomas; Larimer, Frank; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [O'Connor, Kathleen; Csonka, Laszlo N.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Detter, John C.; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Saunders, Elizabeth; Schmutz, Jeremy] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Brettin, Thomas; Larimer, Frank; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Vargas, Carmen; Nieto, Joaquin J.] Univ Seville, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Seville, Spain. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. EM hpk@dsmz.de; lcsonka@bilbo.bio.purdue.edu RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Nieto Gutierrez, Joaquin Jose/K-9974-2014; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Nieto Gutierrez, Joaquin Jose/0000-0001-8879-819X; Vargas Macias, Carmen/0000-0002-4094-4319; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 379 EP 388 DI 10.4056/sigs.2285059 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600011 PM 22675587 ER PT J AU Lapidus, A Nolan, M Lucas, S Del Rio, TG Tice, H Cheng, JF Tapia, R Han, C Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Liolios, K Pagani, I Ivanova, N Huntemann, M Mavromatis, K Mikhailova, N Pati, A Chen, A Palaniappan, K Land, M Brambilla, EM Rohde, M Abt, B Verbarg, S Goker, M Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Kyrpides, NC Klenk, HP Woyke, T AF Lapidus, Alla Nolan, Matt Lucas, Susan Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Tice, Hope Cheng, Jan-Fang Tapia, Roxanne Han, Cliff Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Pagani, Ioanna Ivanova, Natalia Huntemann, Marcel Mavromatis, Konstantinos Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Chen, Amy Palaniappan, Krishna Land, Miriam Brambilla, Evelyne-Marie Rohde, Manfred Abt, Birte Verbarg, Susanne Goeker, Markus Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Kyrpides, Nikos C. Klenk, Hans-Peter Woyke, Tanja TI Genome sequence of the filamentous, gliding Thiothrix nivea neotype strain (JP2(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE strictly aerobic; gliding motility; Gram-negative; mesophile; sheath; filaments; sulfur granules; Thiotrichaceae; GEBA ID BACTERIAL NAMES; 021N BACTERIA; SP-NOV; GENE; ARCHAEA; ALGORITHM; MOTILITY; DATABASE; BIOLOGY; SYSTEM AB Thiothrix nivea (Rabenhorst 1865) Winogradsky 1888 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Larkin and Shinabarger 1983 is the type species of the genus Thiothrix in the family Thiotrichaceae. The species is of interest not only because of its isolated location in the yet to be genomically characterized region of the tree of life, but also because of its life-style with gliding gonidia, the multilayer sheath, rosettes, and the embedded sulfur granules. Strain JP2(T) is the neotype strain of the species which was first observed by Rabenhorst in 1865 and later reclassified by Winogradsky in 1888 into the then novel genus Thiothrix. This is the first completed (improved-high-quality-draft) genome sequence to be published of a member of the family Thiotrichaceae. The genome in its current assembly consists of 15 contigs in four scaffolds with a total of 4,691,711 bp bearing 4,542 protein-coding and 52 RNA genes and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Brambilla, Evelyne-Marie; Abt, Birte; Verbarg, Susanne; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Lapidus, Alla; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Tice, Hope; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Tapia, Roxanne; Han, Cliff; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Ivanova, Natalia; Huntemann, Marcel; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Land, Miriam; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Tapia, Roxanne; Han, Cliff; Goodwin, Lynne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Land, Miriam; Markowitz, Victor] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis Genome Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. RI Pagani, Ioanna/E-7390-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-1] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Anja Fruhling (DSMZ) for growing T. nivea cultures. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-1. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 398 EP 406 DI 10.4056/sigs.2344929 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600013 PM 22675589 ER PT J AU Goker, M Daligault, H Mwirichia, R Lapidus, A Lucas, S Deshpande, S Pagani, I Tapia, R Cheng, JF Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Liolios, K Ivanova, N Mavromatis, K Mikhailova, N Pati, A Chen, A Palaniappan, K Han, C Land, M Hauser, L Pan, CL Brambilla, EM Rohde, M Spring, S Sikorski, J Wirth, R Detter, JC Woyke, T Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Kyrpides, NC Klenk, HP AF Goeker, Markus Daligault, Hajnalka Mwirichia, Romano Lapidus, Alla Lucas, Susan Deshpande, Shweta Pagani, Ioanna Tapia, Roxanne Cheng, Jan-Fang Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Ivanova, Natalia Mavromatis, Konstantinos Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Chen, Amy Palaniappan, Krishna Han, Cliff Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Pan, Chongle Brambilla, Evelyne-Marie Rohde, Manfred Spring, Stefan Sikorski, Johannes Wirth, Reinhard Detter, John C. Woyke, Tanja Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Kyrpides, Nikos C. Klenk, Hans-Peter TI Complete genome sequence of the thermophilic sulfur-reducer Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum type strain (BSA(T)) from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE anaerobic; thermophilic; neutrophilic; obligately chemolithoautotrophic; Gram-negative; marine; sulfur-reducing; Desulfurobacteriaceae; GEBA ID BACTERIA; ARCHAEA; ALGORITHM; DATABASE; MEMBERS; SYSTEM; GRAPHS; NOV.; TOOL AB Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum L'Haridon et al. 1998 is the type species of the genus Desulfurobacterium which belongs to the family Desulfurobacteriaceae. The species is of interest because it represents the first thermophilic bacterium that can act as a primary producer in the temperature range of 45-75 degrees C (optimum 70 degrees C) and is incapable of growing under microaerophilic conditions. Strain BSA(T) preferentially synthesizes high-melting-point fatty acids (C-18 and C-20) which is hypothesized to be a strategy to ensure the functionality of the membrane at high growth temperatures. This is the second completed genome sequence of a member of the family Desulfurobacteriaceae and the first sequence from the genus Desulfurobacterium. The 1,541,968 bp long genome harbors 1,543 protein-coding and 51 RNA genes and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Goeker, Markus; Brambilla, Evelyne-Marie; Spring, Stefan; Sikorski, Johannes; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Daligault, Hajnalka; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Cliff; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Mwirichia, Romano] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Lapidus, Alla; Lucas, Susan; Deshpande, Shweta; Pagani, Ioanna; Tapia, Roxanne; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Ivanova, Natalia; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Pan, Chongle; Detter, John C.; Woyke, Tanja; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna; Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Pan, Chongle] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Wirth, Reinhard] Univ Regensburg, Microbiol Archaeenzentrum, Regensburg, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis Genome Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. RI Pagani, Ioanna/E-7390-2012; Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Spring, Stefan/N-6933-2013; OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Spring, Stefan/0000-0001-6247-0938; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197 FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-2] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Thomas Hader (University of Regensburg) for growing D. thermolithotrophum cultures. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-2. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 407 EP 415 DI 10.4056/sigs.2465574 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600014 PM 22675590 ER PT J AU Anderson, I Chen, A Markowitz, V Kyrpides, N Ivanova, N AF Anderson, Iain Chen, Amy Markowitz, Victor Kyrpides, Nikos Ivanova, Natalia TI SOP for pathway inference in Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB One of the most important aspects of genomic analysis is the prediction of which pathways, both metabolic and non-metabolic, are present in an organism. In IMG, this is carried out by the assignment of IMG terms, which are organized into IMG pathways. Based on manual and automatic assignment of IMG terms, the presence or absence of IMG pathways is automatically inferred. The three categories of pathway assertion are asserted (likely present), not asserted (likely absent), and unknown. In the unknown category, at least one term necessary for the pathway is missing, but an ortholog in another organism has the corresponding term assigned to it. Automatic pathway inference is an important initial step in genome analysis. C1 [Anderson, Iain; Chen, Amy; Markowitz, Victor; Kyrpides, Nikos; Ivanova, Natalia] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Anderson, I (reprint author), DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. EM IJAnderson@lbl.gov RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Ivanova, Natalia/0000-0002-5802-9485 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 420 EP 423 DI 10.4056/sigs.1193182 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 893RR UT WOS:000300373600016 PM 22675591 ER PT S AU Chiu, M AF Chiu, Mickey BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Transverse single spin asymmetries of pi(0) at high x(F) in p up arrow plus p collisions with the PHENIX detector SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 1 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID SCATTERING; COLLINS AB Using the Muon Piston Calorimeter (MPC), which covers 3.1< vertical bar eta vertical bar <3.7, the PHENIX detector at RHIC has measured large transverse single spin asymmetries A(N) for single inclusive high x(F) pi(0)'s in transversely polarized proton collisions. We will present the measured asymmetries from two different collision energies, one at root s = 200 GeV with an integrated luminosity of similar to 5.2 pb(-1) and the other at root s = 62 GeV with similar to 20 nb(-1). The relatively large values for the asymmetries make these measurements interesting for decoupling the various effects which have been proposed to generate transverse asymmetries in p up arrow + p collisions, and may eventually lead to a greater understanding of the internal angular momentum structure of the proton. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chiu, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chiu@bnl.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012060 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012060 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT72 UT WOS:000297031100060 ER PT S AU Manion, A AF Manion, Andrew CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI pi(0) Double Longitudinal Helicity Asymmetry Measurements at PHENIX SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 1 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB Measurement of the gluon's contribution to the proton spin, Delta G, is an important component of the RHIC spin program. One particular avenue for constraining Delta G is through the pi(0) double longitudinal helicity asymmetry, A(LL). The large p+p -> pi(0) cross section coupled with the high resolution of the PHENIX EM-Calorimeter make this an attractive measurement. After some discussion of the measurement, existing PHENIX pi(0) A(LL) results at center of mass energies root s = 62.4 and 200 GeV are presented, including new 200 GeV results from the RHIC run ending in 2009. Projections for future 500 GeV results are also shown. C1 [Manion, Andrew] BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Manion, A (reprint author), BNL, Bldg 510, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Andrew.Manion@StonyBrook.edu NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012070 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012070 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT72 UT WOS:000297031100070 ER PT S AU Okada, K AF Okada, Kensuke CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Measurement of Longitudinal Spin Asymmetries From W -> e Boson Decay in Polarized pp Collisions at root s=500 GeV at RHIC-PHENIX SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 1 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID DISTRIBUTIONS AB We report the measurement of the parity violating single spin asymmetries for inclusive high transverse momentum electrons and positrons in polarized p + p collisions at a center of mass energy of root s = 500 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. These electrons are attributed to the decay of W-+/- and Z(0) bosons, and measured production cross section is consistent with the expectations. The W production is confirmed for the first time in p + p collisions. Its spin asymmetry in the polarized p + p collisions is a important probe for the quark flavor decomposition of the proton spin. C1 [Okada, Kensuke] BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Okada, K (reprint author), BNL, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM okada@bnl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012072 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012072 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT72 UT WOS:000297031100072 ER PT S AU Reimer, PE AF Reimer, Paul E. CA Fermilab SeaQuest Collaboration BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Opportunities with Drell-Yan Scattering at Fermilab SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 1 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID LEPTON-PAIR PRODUCTION; HIGH-ENERGY COLLISIONS; LIGHT-QUARK SEA; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; NEGATIVE PIONS; GOTTFRIED SUM; MESON CLOUD; NUCLEON; FACTORIZATION AB The proton is a composite object made of fundamental, strongly-interacting quarks. Many of the features of the proton can be described by a simple picture based on three valence quarks bound by the exchange of gluons. However, protons are much more complex objects with the vast majority of their mass dynamically generated by the strong force and manifest in the sea quark and gluon distributions. While deep inelastic scattering cannot differentiate between quark and antiquarks, the Drell-Yan process inherently involves the antiquark distributions of either the beam or target hadron. By measuring Drell-Yan scattering, the Fermi lab E-906/SeaQuest experiment will study the sea quarks in the proton and in nuclei. The primary goals of this measurement include elucidating the anti-d to anti-u quark asymmetry in the proton and a study of the EMC effect in sea quarks. With the same data, the angular distribution of Drell-Yan scattering will be studied. Previous measurements of these distributions have been interpreted as evidence for transverse momentum dependent Boer-Mulders h(1)(perpendicular to) distribution; although, pion and proton induced Drell-Yan data disagree. The increased statistical precision of the anticipated data will allow for better extraction of the angular distributions. To accomplish these goals, the experiment will use a 120 GeV proton beam extracted from the Fermi lab Main Injector. While the experiment will be taking advantage of equipment from earlier Drell-Yan experiments, the changes in kinematics of the experiment require several, significant upgrades to the spectrometer. The collaboration expects to begin data collection in late fall of 2010. C1 [Reimer, Paul E.; Fermilab SeaQuest Collaboration] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reimer, PE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM reimer@anl.gov RI Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013 NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012011 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012011 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT72 UT WOS:000297031100011 ER PT S AU Shetty, N Chaudhary, A Coming, D Sherman, WR O'Leary, P Whiting, ET Su, S AF Shetty, Nikhil Chaudhary, Aashish Coming, Daniel Sherman, William R. O'Leary, Patrick Whiting, Eric T. Su, Simon BE Hirose, M Lok, B Majumder, A Schmalstieg, D TI Immersive ParaView: A Community-based, Immersive, Universal Scientific Visualization Application SO 2011 IEEE VIRTUAL REALITY CONFERENCE (VR) SE Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (VR) CY MAR 19-23, 2011 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP IEEE, IEEE Visualizat & Graph Tech Comm (VGTC), IEEE Comp Soc AB The availability of low-cost virtual reality (VR) systems coupled with a growing population of researchers accustomed to newer interface styles makes this a ripe time to help domain science researchers cross the bridge to utilizing immersive interfaces. The logical next step is for scientists, engineers, doctors, etc. to incorporate immersive visualization into their exploration and analysis workflows. However, from past experience, we know having access to equipment is not sufficient. There are also several software hurdles to overcome. Obstacles must be lowered to provide scientists, engineers, and medical professionals low-risk means of exploring technologies beyond their desktops. C1 [Shetty, Nikhil; Chaudhary, Aashish] Kitware Inc, Clifton Pk, NY 12065 USA. [Coming, Daniel] Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Sherman, William R.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [O'Leary, Patrick; Whiting, Eric T.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls 83402, ID USA. [Su, Simon] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Shetty, N (reprint author), Kitware Inc, Clifton Pk, NY 12065 USA. EM shermanw@indiana.edu FU Kitware Inc.,; DRI; INL; IU; INL LDRD Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors would like to thank Kitware Inc., DRI, INL, IU for facilities and support. This work was supported in part through the INL LDRD Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1087-8270 BN 978-1-4577-0036-1 J9 P IEEE VIRT REAL ANN PY 2011 BP 239 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BXV33 UT WOS:000297260400058 ER PT S AU Maj, J Navrotski, G Huang, X Assoufid, L Khachatryan, R Qian, J Wieczorek, M AF Maj, J. Navrotski, G. Huang, X. Assoufid, L. Khachatryan, R. Qian, J. Wieczorek, M. BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI The effect of surface residual stress on the performance of high quality X-ray mirrors SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-ray mirrors; metrology; topography; residual stress AB The use of high quality X-ray mirrors at synchrotron beamlines as low-energy bandpass, harmonic rejection and high heat load optical elements has become routine. Nearly perfect optical surfaces generated on substrates and held in strain-free fixtures are of paramount importance to their success. Production of these mirrors requires extensive care, yet the effect of residual fabrication stress has not been closely studied. This paper examines the effect of surface and near-surface residual stress on the performance of hard X-ray mirrors using topography and X-ray reflectivity techniques. The present approach complements the information provided by standard optical metrology, giving a more comprehensive understanding of polishing induced surface deformation on X-ray reflectivity. This information is invaluable for the characterization of future, coherence preserving optics where scattering and evanescent sub-surface X-ray penetration may impact beam quality. C1 [Maj, J.; Navrotski, G.; Huang, X.; Assoufid, L.; Khachatryan, R.; Qian, J.; Wieczorek, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Maj, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM maj@aps.anl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 81390X DI 10.1117/12.894082 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300031 ER PT S AU Merthe, DJ Goldberg, KA Yashchuk, VV Yuan, S McKinney, WR Celestre, R Mochi, I Macdougall, J Morrison, GY Rakawa, SB Anderson, E Smith, BV Domning, EE Warwick, T Padmore, H AF Merthe, Daniel J. Goldberg, Kenneth A. Yashchuk, Valeriy V. Yuan, Sheng McKinney, Wayne R. Celestre, Richard Mochi, Iacopo Macdougall, James Morrison, Gregory Y. Rakawa, Senajith B. Anderson, Erik Smith, Brian V. Domning, Edward E. Warwick, Tony Padmore, Howard BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI An experimental apparatus for diffraction-limited soft x-ray nano-focusing SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE metrology of x-ray optics; synchrotron radiation; nano-focusing; shearing interferometry; Hartman test; knife edge measurement ID FRINGE-PATTERN ANALYSIS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; INTERFEROMETRY; SYSTEM AB Realizing the experimental potential of high-brightness, next generation synchrotron and free-electron laser light sources requires the development of reflecting x-ray optics capable of wavefront preservation and high-resolution nano-focusing. At the Advanced Light Source (ALS) beamline 5.3.1, we are developing broadly applicable, high-accuracy, in situ, at-wavelength wavefront measurement techniques to surpass 100-nrad slope measurement accuracy for diffraction-limited Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors. The at-wavelength methodology we are developing relies on a series of wavefront-sensing tests with increasing accuracy and sensitivity, including scanning-slit Hartmann tests, grating-based lateral shearing interferometry, and quantitative knife-edge testing. We describe the original experimental techniques and alignment methodology that have enabled us to optimally set a bendable KB mirror to achieve a focused, FWHM spot size of 150 nm, with 1 nm (1.24 keV) photons at 3.7 mrad numerical aperture. The predictions of wavefront measurement are confirmed by the knife-edge testing. The side-profiled elliptically bent mirror used in these one-dimensional focusing experiments was originally designed for a much different glancing angle and conjugate distances. Visible-light long-trace profilometry was used to pre-align the mirror before installation at the beamline. This work demonstrates that high-accuracy, at-wavelength wavefront-slope feedback can be used to optimize the pitch, roll, and mirror-bending forces in situ, using procedures that are deterministic and repeatable. C1 [Merthe, Daniel J.; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.; Yuan, Sheng; McKinney, Wayne R.; Celestre, Richard; Warwick, Tony; Padmore, Howard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Merthe, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI McKinney, Wayne/F-2027-2014 OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 813907 DI 10.1117/12.894116 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300007 ER PT S AU Qian, J Assoufid, L Shi, B Liu, C Khachatryan, R Liu, WJ AF Qian, Jun Assoufid, Lahsen Shi, Bing Liu, Chian Khachatryan, Ruben Liu, Wenjun BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI Metrology in the fabrication of nested elliptical KB mirrors SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nested KB mirror; metrology; hard X-ray optics AB A pair of nanoscale-focusing KirKpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors used at a hard X-ray synchrotron beamline was produced. Other than traditional sequential arrangement of KB mirrors, the pair of mirrors was set-up side-by-side and perpendicular to each other in a compact nested configuration with large demagnification and flux in focusing X-ray beam. The nested mirror system produced a 2D focal spot about 150 nm in both horizontal and vertical directions with either polychromatic or monochromatic beam [1]. The challenge in fabrication of the mirrors was to preserve the super polished surface of one of the mirror substrates along its useful edge where the X-rays reflect and also to produce best elliptical surface corresponding the design parameters with profile-coating technique. In this paper we mainly describe metrology in the fabrication processes of the mirrors. C1 [Qian, Jun; Assoufid, Lahsen; Shi, Bing; Liu, Chian; Khachatryan, Ruben; Liu, Wenjun] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Qian, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 81390Y DI 10.1117/12.894154 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300032 ER PT S AU Shi, B Liu, WJ Qian, J Liu, CA Khachatryan, R Wieczorek, M Khounsary, A Macrander, AT Zschack, P Tischler, JZ Ice, GE Assoufid, L AF Shi, Bing Liu, Wenjun Qian, Jun Liu, Chian Khachatryan, Ruben Wieczorek, Michael Khounsary, Ali Macrander, Albert T. Zschack, Paul Tischler, Jonathan Z. Ice, Gene E. Assoufid, Lahsen BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI Nested KB Mirror Fabrication for Synchrotron Hard X-ray Nanofocusing SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE nested (Montel) KB mirrors; hard x-ray optics; nanofocusing; magnetron sputtering deposition AB Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors consist of two individual mirrors: one vertical focusing mirror and one horizontal mirror at separate positions. Nested (Montel) KB mirrors consist of two mirrors arranged perpendicularly to each other and side-by-side. We report our results from the fabrication and tests of the first set of nested KB mirrors for a synchrotron hard x-ray micro/nano-focusing system. The elliptically shaped nested Platinum KB mirrors include two 40 mm long mirrors fabricated by depositing Platinum on Silicon substrates using the magnetron sputtering technique. Hard x-ray synchrotron tests have been performed at 15 keV and 2D focal spots of approximately 150 nm x 150 nm (FWHM) were achieved from both monochromatic and polychromatic beams at the 34 ID beamline of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. The side-by-side arrangement of nested KB mirrors requires them to have good surfaces and low figure errors at the intersection of the two mirrors' surfaces. It is very challenging to fabricate substrates that fit the nested KB mirror's arrangement and to deposit thin films to ideal elliptical shapes at the edge of the mirrors. Further research and development will be performed in the areas of fabrication and testing with respect to nested KB mirrors used in micro/nano-focusing systems. In particular, substrate processing and deposition techniques should be examined to improve the performance of the mirrors. C1 [Shi, Bing; Liu, Wenjun; Qian, Jun; Liu, Chian; Khachatryan, Ruben; Wieczorek, Michael; Khounsary, Ali; Macrander, Albert T.; Zschack, Paul; Assoufid, Lahsen] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shi, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 813903 DI 10.1117/12.894101 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300003 ER PT S AU Vila-Comamala, J Diaz, A Guizar-Sicairos, M Gorelick, S Guzenko, VA Karvinen, P Kewish, CM Farm, E Ritala, M Mantion, A Bunk, O Menzel, A David, C AF Vila-Comamala, Joan Diaz, Ana Guizar-Sicairos, Manuel Gorelick, Sergey Guzenko, Vitaliy A. Karvinen, Petri Kewish, Cameron M. Faerm, Elina Ritala, Mikko Mantion, Alexandre Bunk, Oliver Menzel, Andreas David, Christian BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI Characterization of a 20-nm hard x-ray focus by ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-ray Imaging; Diffractive X-ray Optics; Electron Beam Lithography; Ptychographic Coherent Diffractive Imaging ID MICROSCOPY; OPTICS AB Recent advances in the fabrication of diffractive X-ray optics have boosted hard X-ray microscopy into spatial resolutions of 30 nm and below. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of zone-doubled Fresnel zone plates for multi-keV photon energies (4-12 keV) with outermost zone widths down to 20 nm. However, the characterization of such elements is not straightforward using conventional methods such as knife edge scans on well-characterized test objects. To overcome this limitation, we have used ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging to characterize a 20 nm-wide X-ray focus produced by a zone-doubled Fresnel zone plate at a photon energy of 6.2 keV. An ordinary scanning transmission X-ray microscope was modified to acquire the ptychographic data from a strongly scattering test object. The ptychographic algorithms allowed for the reconstruction of the image of the test object as well as for the reconstruction of the focused hard X-ray beam waist, with high spatial resolution and dynamic range. This method yields a full description of the focusing performance of the Fresnel zone plate and we demonstrate the usefulness ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging for metrology and alignment of nanofocusing diffractive X-ray lenses. C1 [Vila-Comamala, Joan] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Vila-Comamala, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jvila@aps.anl.gov RI Menzel, Andreas/C-4388-2012; Kewish, Cameron/H-5103-2011; Mantion, Alexandre/F-7093-2011; Guizar-Sicairos, Manuel/I-4899-2013; Ritala, Mikko/N-7268-2013; Vila-Comamala, Joan/E-2106-2017; OI Menzel, Andreas/0000-0002-0489-609X; Kewish, Cameron/0000-0001-6242-7059; Ritala, Mikko/0000-0002-6210-2980; Bunk, Oliver/0000-0001-6563-4053 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 81390E DI 10.1117/12.893235 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300014 ER PT S AU Voronov, DL Anderson, EH Cambie, R Gullikson, EM Salmassi, F Warwick, T Yashchuk, VV Padmore, HA AF Voronov, D. L. Anderson, E. H. Cambie, R. Gullikson, E. M. Salmassi, F. Warwick, T. Yashchuk, V. V. Padmore, H. A. BE Morawe, C Khounsary, AM Goto, S TI Roughening and smoothing behavior of Al/Zr multilayers grown on flat and saw-tooth substrates SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI CY AUG 22-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE diffraction grating; multilayer; wet anisotropic etch; EUV; soft x-rays; surface morphology; roughening; relaxation; Power Spectral Density ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; CONTINUUM; MODELS AB Diffraction gratings with high efficiency and high groove density are required for EUV and soft x-ray spectroscopy techniques (such as Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering, RIXS) designed for state-of-the-art spectral resolution and throughput. A multilayer coated blazed grating (MBG) fabricated by deposition of a multilayer on a saw-tooth substrate could address these challenges. In order to obtain high diffraction efficiency one should provide perfect triangular grooves on a substrate and perfect replication of the groove profile during the multilayer deposition. However, multilayers trend to smooth out the corrugated surface of the substrates, resulting in the main limiting factor for efficiency of ultra-dense MBGs. Understanding of the growth of multilayers on saw-tooth substrates is a key for further grating improvement. In this work we investigate growth behavior of Al/Zr multilayers on saw-tooth substrates with a groove density of 10,000 lines/mm. We apply existing growth models to describe an evolution of Power Spectral Density functions of a grating surface during the multilayer deposition, and identify a main smoothing mechanism. We found that growth of flat multilayers is well modeled with surface diffusion caused by surface curvature as a main relaxation mechanism, while growth of the multilayer on saw-tooth substrates obeys different kinetics. Limitations of the linear approach and possible model improvements by accounting for an additional component of the surface diffusion flux, caused by a gradient of adatom concentration on a corrugated surface are discussed. C1 [Voronov, D. L.; Anderson, E. H.; Cambie, R.; Gullikson, E. M.; Salmassi, F.; Warwick, T.; Yashchuk, V. V.; Padmore, H. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Voronov, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dlvoronov@lbl.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-749-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8139 AR 81390B DI 10.1117/12.893774 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX84 UT WOS:000297556300011 ER PT S AU Polyakov, A Thomspon, K Senft, C Dhuey, S Harteneck, B Liang, XG Schuck, JP Cabrini, S Wan, WS Padmore, HA AF Polyakov, Aleksandr Thomspon, Kevin Senft, Christoph Dhuey, Scott Harteneck, Bruce Liang, Xiaogan Schuck, James P. Cabrini, Stefano Wan, Weishi Padmore, Howard A. BE Cabrini, S Mokari, T TI Photocathode Performance Improvement by Plasmonic Light Trapping in Nanostructured Metal Surfaces SO NANOPHOTONIC MATERIALS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanophotonic Materials VIII CY AUG 24-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, Air Live, Fruhmann GmbH NTL Manufacturer & Wholesaler DE Plasmon subwavelength grating; light trapping; enhanced photoemission AB We demonstrate 16 times increase in light absorption nano-structured metal compared to the flat surface by fabricating a subwavelength grating on gold surface. This light-trapping phenomenon can be used in many areas from solar energy conversion to photovoltaics. Here, we describe application to field enhancement in photocathodes where we show theoretically a performance increase of three orders of magnitude over conventional systems. We also describe the fabrication of these devices and present initial optical results. C1 [Polyakov, Aleksandr; Thomspon, Kevin; Senft, Christoph; Wan, Weishi; Padmore, Howard A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Polyakov, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM apolyakov@berkeley.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8704-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8094 AR 809407 DI 10.1117/12.894607 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BXY12 UT WOS:000297593200004 ER PT S AU Awwal, AAS Manuel, A Datte, P Eckart, M Jackson, M Azevedo, S Burkhart, S AF Awwal, Abdul A. S. Manuel, Anastacia Datte, Philip Eckart, Mark Jackson, Mark Azevedo, Steve Burkhart, Scott BE Iftekharuddin, KM Awwal, AAS TI Effects on beam alignment due to neutron-irradiated CCD images at the National Ignition Facility SO OPTICS AND PHOTONICS FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics and Photonics for Information Processing V CY AUG 24-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Neutron irradiated CCD; Neutron induced Noise modeling; laser alignment ID DAMAGE AB The 192 laser beams in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are automatically aligned to the target-chamber center using images obtained through charged-coupled-device (CCD) cameras. Several of these cameras are in and around the target chamber during an experiment. Current experiments for the National Ignition Campaign are attempting to achieve nuclear fusion. Neutron yields from these high-energy fusion shots expose the alignment cameras to neutron radiation. The present work explores modeling and predicting laser alignment performance degradation due to neutron radiation effects, and introduces techniques to mitigate performance degradation. Camera performance models have been created based on the predicted camera noise from the cumulative neutron fluence at the camera location. We have found that the effect of the neutron-generated noise for all shots to date have been well within the alignment tolerance of half a pixel, and image processing techniques can be utilized to reduce the effect even further on the beam alignment to target. C1 [Awwal, Abdul A. S.; Manuel, Anastacia; Datte, Philip; Eckart, Mark; Jackson, Mark; Azevedo, Steve; Burkhart, Scott] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Awwal, AAS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM awwal1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-744-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8134 AR 81340J DI 10.1117/12.897312 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BXX68 UT WOS:000297474900016 ER PT S AU Stewart, FF AF Stewart, Frederick F. BE Allen, DW Tebby, JC Loakes, D TI Phosphazenes SO ORGANOPHOSPHORUS CHEMISTRY, VOL 40 SE SPR-Organophosphorus Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LOADED POLYMERIC MICELLES; ETHANOL AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SIDE-GROUPS SYNTHESIS; HOST-DEFENSE PEPTIDE; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLYPHOSPHAZENE MEMBRANES; CYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENE RING; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PENDANT GROUPS; CROSS-LINKING C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Stewart, FF (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem Dept, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 124 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0306-0713 BN 978-1-84973-281-9 J9 SPR-ORGANOPHOS CHEM PY 2011 VL 40 BP 316 EP 355 DI 10.1039/9781849732819-00316 PG 40 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA BXD67 UT WOS:000295823200009 ER PT J AU Riley, BJ Chun, J Ryan, JV Matyas, J Li, XHS Matson, DW Sundaram, SK Strachan, DM Vienna, JD AF Riley, Brian J. Chun, Jaehun Ryan, Joseph V. Matyas, Josef Li, Xiaohong S. Matson, Dean W. Sundaram, Shanmugavelayutham K. Strachan, Denis M. Vienna, John D. TI Chalcogen-based aerogels as a multifunctional platform for remediation of radioactive iodine SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID GE-S-I; LAYERED METAL SULFIDES; NUCLEAR WASTE STORAGE; CHALCOHALIDE GLASSES; SOL-GEL; COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; SILICA AEROGEL; SULFUR-IODINE; SYSTEM; PERMEABILITY AB Aerogels employing chalcogen-based (i.e., S, Se, and/or Te) structural units and interlinking metals are termed chalcogels and have many emerging applications. Here, chalcogels are discussed in the context of nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste remediation. Motivated by previous work on removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution, we explored the application of germanium sulfide chalcogels as a sorbent for gas-phase I-2 based on Pearson's Hard/Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) principle. This work was driven by a significant need for high-efficiency sorbents for I-129, a long-lived isotope evolved during irradiated UO2 nuclear fuel reprocessing. These chalcogel compositions are shown to possess an affinity for iodine gas, I-2(g), at various concentrations in air. This affinity is attributed to a strong chemical attraction between the chalcogen and I-2(g), according to the HSAB principle. The high sorption efficiency is facilitated by the high porosity as well as the exceptionally large surface area of the chalcogels. This paper briefly discusses the current and alternative waste forms for I-129, elaborates on preliminary work to evaluate a Pt-Ge-S chalcogel as a I-2(g) sorbent, and discusses the unknown chalcogel properties related to these materials in waste form. C1 [Riley, Brian J.; Chun, Jaehun; Ryan, Joseph V.; Matyas, Josef; Li, Xiaohong S.; Matson, Dean W.; Strachan, Denis M.; Vienna, John D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Nonoxide Mat Synth Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sundaram, Shanmugavelayutham K.] Alfred Univ, Dept Ceram Engn, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. RP Riley, BJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Nonoxide Mat Synth Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM brian.riley@pnnl.gov OI Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was conducted under the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Research and Development program. The authors would like to thank Y. Su for initial help with BET measurements, A. E. Kozelisky for performing thermal analysis, J. S. McCloy for helpful comments on the manuscript, and L. Buchanan for project management support. The authors would also like to recognize R. T. Jubin for his overseeing of this project. Also, the authors extend special thanks to M. G. Kanatzidis and S. Bag at Northwestern University for helpful discussions and Naoki Kikuchi at JEOL Ltd. for providing difficult-to-obtain SEM micrographs of the uncoated chalcogels. The graphical abstract was modified from Stephanie Brock's schematic of Hg2+ capture on Pt-Sn-Se chalcogels (Science, 2007, 317, 460). NR 82 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 41 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2011 VL 1 IS 9 BP 1704 EP 1715 DI 10.1039/c1ra00351h PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 855JT UT WOS:000297561000012 ER PT J AU Kozlovskaya, V Ankner, JF O'Neill, H Zhang, Q Kharlampieva, E AF Kozlovskaya, Veronika Ankner, John F. O'Neill, Hugh Zhang, Qiu Kharlampieva, Eugenia TI Localized entrapment of green fluorescent protein within nanostructured polymer films SO SOFT MATTER LA English DT Article ID POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYER FILMS; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALTERNATE LAYERS; SERUM-ALBUMIN; LIVING CELLS; ATR-FTIR; ADSORPTION; SURFACE AB Protein entrapment within ultrathin polymer matrices is of significant interest for applications in biosensing, drug delivery, and bioconversion; however, it remains a big challenge due to insufficient control over protein distribution inside the matrices. We report on nanostructured protein-polyelectrolyte (PE) films obtained through localized incorporation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) within poly(styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) matrices assembled via the spin-assisted layer-by-layer method. Film compositional and structural analyses were performed by using a combination of techniques such as neutron and X-ray reflectometry, circular dichroism (CD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), spectroscopic ellipsometry, and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). By using deuterated GFP as a marker for neutron scattering contrast we have inferred the architecture of the films both in vertical and lateral directions. We found that films assembled with a single GFP layer confined at various distances from the substrate exhibit a strong localization of the GFP layer without intermixing into the PE matrix. The GFP volume fraction approached the maximum value of a monolayer packing density of randomly oriented GFP molecules. However, partial intermixing of the GFP with polymeric material is evidenced in multiple-GFP layer films which showed alternating protein-rich and protein-deficient regions. Our results yield new insights into the organization of immobilized proteins within polyelectrolyte matrices and open opportunities for fabrication of protein-containing films with well-organized structure and controllable function, a crucial requirement for advanced sensing applications. C1 [Kozlovskaya, Veronika; Kharlampieva, Eugenia] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [O'Neill, Hugh; Zhang, Qiu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Ctr Struct Mol Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kharlampieva, E (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM ekharlam@uab.edu OI Ankner, John/0000-0002-6737-5718; O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527 FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0162, FA9550-11-1-0233]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US DOE [ERKP291]; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05- 00OR22725] FX The financial support for this work was provided by AFOSR (FA9550-09-1-0162 and FA9550-11-1-0233 grants) awarded to Georgia Institute of Technology (V. Tsukruk). The Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy. The authors acknowledge ORNL's Center for Structural Molecular Biology (Project ERKP291) supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US DOE. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC05- 00OR22725. The authors also acknowledge the Theoretical and Computational Biophysics group at the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for developing VMD software used for Fig. 9.66 NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1744-683X J9 SOFT MATTER JI Soft Matter PY 2011 VL 7 IS 24 BP 11453 EP 11463 DI 10.1039/c1sm06710a PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 853KS UT WOS:000297425700020 ER PT S AU Murph, SEH AF Murph, Simona E. Hunyadi BE Tachibana, Y TI One-dimensional plasmonic nano-photocatalysts: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity SO SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology VI CY AUG 23-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, RMIT Univ, Platform Technol Res Inst DE anisotropic nanophotocatalysts; core-shell; gold-titania; titania ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; MIXED-PHASE TIO2; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SILVER; NANOPARTICLES; DYE; DEGRADATION; GOLD; ARCHITECTURES AB This study describes a simple two-step approach to coat gold nanorods with a silica/titania shell. Gold nanorods with an aspect ratio of 2.5 (L = 48 +/- 2 and d = 19 +/- 1) are synthesized by a silver-seed mediated growth approach according to our previously reported procedure (Hunyadi Murph ACS Symposium Series, Volume 1064, Chapter 8, 2011, 127-163 and reference herein). Gold nanorods are grown on pre-formed gold nano-seeds in the presence of surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and a small amount of silver ions. A bifunctional linker molecule which has a thiol group at one end and a silane group at the other is used to derivatize gold nanorods. The silane group is subsequently reacted with both sodium silicate and titanium isopropoxide to a silica/titania shell around the gold nanorods. By fine tuning the reaction conditions, the silica/titania shell thickness can be controlled from similar to 5 to similar to 40nm. The resulting nanomaterials are stable, amenable to scale up and can be isolated without core aggregation or decomposition. These new materials have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis. Photocatalytic activity of Au-silica/titania nanomaterials under visible and UV illumination is measured via degradation of a model dye, methyl orange (MO) under visible and UV illumination. The results indicate a 3 fold improvement in the photocatalytic decomposition rate of MO under visible illumination vs. UV illumination. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Murph, SEH (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. EM Simona.Murph@srnl.doe.gov NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-719-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8109 AR 81090T DI 10.1117/12.893029 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BXY05 UT WOS:000297588100016 ER PT S AU Tang, HW Matin, M Wang, HL Al-Jassim, M Turner, J Yan, YF AF Tang, Houwen Matin, M. Wang, Heli Al-Jassim, Mowafak Turner, John Yan, Yanfa BE Tachibana, Y TI Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Doped Hematite for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting SO SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology VI CY AUG 23-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, RMIT Univ, Platform Technol Res Inst ID HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; FILMS AB Hematite is a potential candidate for hydrogen production by photoelectrochemical (PEC) decomposition of water due to its good bad gap and excellent chemical stability. However, its poor conductivity limits its PEC performance. Titanium has been predicted to be a good choice of dopant for improving the conductivity. Most of the Ti-doped hematite films are produced by solution based method. However, such procedure may introduce impurities. RF sputtering is a clean vacuum deposition technique, which is perfect for the synthesis of metal oxide. In this paper, we report our synthesis of Ti-doped hematite thin films by RF magnetron co-sputtering of iron oxide and titanium targets at various conditions. Our work shows that the structure and morphology of iron oxide can be modified by controlling the doping concentration of titanium. Moreover, we confirmed that the PEC performance of Ti-doped iron oxide film is significantly better than the undoped one. C1 [Tang, Houwen; Wang, Heli; Al-Jassim, Mowafak; Turner, John; Yan, Yanfa] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tang, HW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-719-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8109 AR 81090W DI 10.1117/12.897753 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Applied; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BXY05 UT WOS:000297588100018 ER PT S AU Mascarenas, D Stull, C Farrar, C AF Mascarenas, David Stull, Christopher Farrar, Charles BE Carapezza, EM TI Towards the development of tamper-resistant, ground-based mobile sensor nodes SO UNMANNED/UNATTENDED SENSORS AND SENSOR NETWORKS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks VIII CY SEP 20-21, 2011 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE mobile sensor nodes; ground robot; anti-tamper; anti-theft; cyber-physical security; robotics; unmanned systems AB Mobile sensor nodes hold great potential for collecting field data using fewer resources than human operators would require and potentially requiring fewer sensors than a fixed-position sensor array. It would be very beneficial to allow these mobile sensor nodes to operate unattended with a minimum of human intervention. In order to allow mobile sensor nodes to operate unattended in a field environment, it is imperative that they be capable of identifying and responding to external agents that may attempt to tamper with, damage or steal the mobile sensor nodes, while still performing their data collection mission. Potentially hostile external agents could include animals, other mobile sensor nodes, or humans. This work will focus on developing control policies to help enable a mobile sensor node to identify and avoid capture by a hostile un-mounted human. The work is developed in a simulation environment, and demonstrated using a non-holonomic, ground-based mobile sensor node. This work will be a preliminary step toward ensuring the cyber-physical security of ground-based mobile sensor nodes that operate unattended in potentially unfriendly environments. C1 [Mascarenas, David; Stull, Christopher; Farrar, Charles] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mascarenas, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS T001, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Farrar, Charles/C-6954-2012; OI Farrar, Charles/0000-0001-6533-6996 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-812-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8184 DI 10.1117/12.898210 PG 8 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BXY51 UT WOS:000297623200012 ER PT J AU Carver, JC Bartlett, R Gorton, I Hochstein, L Kelly, D Segal, J AF Carver, Jeffrey C. Bartlett, Roscoe Gorton, Ian Hochstein, Lorin Kelly, Diane Segal, Judith GP IEEE TI Fourth International Workshop on Software Engineering for Computational Science and Engineering (SE-CSE2011) SO 2011 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (ICSE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) CY MAY 21-28, 2011 CL Honolulu, HI DE Computational Science; Computational Engineering ID CSE AB Computational Science and Engineering (CSE) software supports a wide variety of domains including nuclear physics, crash simulation, satellite data processing, fluid dynamics, climate modeling, bioinformatics, and vehicle development. The increase in the importance of CSE software motivates the need to identify and understand appropriate software engineering (SE) practices for CSE. Because of the uniqueness of CSE software development, existing SE tools and techniques developed for the business/IT community are often not efficient or effective. Appropriate SE solutions must account for the salient characteristics of the CSE development environment. This situation creates an opportunity for members of the SE community to interact with members of the CSE community to address this need. This workshop facilitates that collaboration by bringing together members of the SE community and the CSE community to share perspectives and present findings from research and practice relevant to CSE software. A significant portion of the workshop is devoted to focused interaction among the participants with the goal of generating a research agenda to improve tools, techniques, and experimental methods for studying CSE software engineering. C1 [Carver, Jeffrey C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Bartlett, Roscoe] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Gorton, Ian] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hochstein, Lorin] USC ISI, Arlington, VA USA. [Kelly, Diane] Royal Military Coll, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Segal, Judith] Open Univ, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England. RP Carver, JC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM carver@cs.ua.edu; rabartl@sandia.gov; ian.gorton@pnl.gov; lorin@isi.edu; kelly-d@rmc.ca; j.a.segal@open.ac.uk NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4503-0445-0 PY 2011 BP 1226 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BXU65 UT WOS:000297156400209 ER PT J AU Baylor, LR Meitner, SJ Barbier, C Combs, SK Duckworth, RC Edgemon, TG Fehling, DT Rasmussen, DA Hechler, MP Kersevan, R Dremel, M Pearce, RJH Boisson, JC AF Baylor, L. R. Meitner, S. J. Barbier, C. Combs, S. K. Duckworth, R. C. Edgemon, T. G. Fehling, D. T. Rasmussen, D. A. Hechler, M. P. Kersevan, R. Dremel, M. Pearce, R. J. H. Boisson, J-C. GP IEEE TI Cryogenic Viscous Compressor Development and Modeling for the ITER Vacuum System SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE ITER; vacuum; fuel cycle AB The ITER vacuum system requires a roughing pump system that can pump the exhaust gas from the torus cryopumps to the tritium exhaust processing plant. The gas will have a high tritium content and therefore conventional vacuum pumps are not suitable. A pump called a cryogenic viscous compressor (CVC) is being designed for the roughing system to pump from similar to 500 Pa to 10 Pa at flow rates of 200 Pa-m(3)/s. A unique feature of this pump is that it allows any helium in the gas to flow through the pump where it is sent to the detritiation system before exhausting to atmosphere. A small scale prototype of the CVC is being tested for heat transfer characteristics and compared to modeling results to ensure reliable operation of the full scale CVC. C1 [Baylor, L. R.; Meitner, S. J.; Barbier, C.; Combs, S. K.; Duckworth, R. C.; Fehling, D. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kersevan, R.; Dremel, M.; Pearce, R. J. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, USITER, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Boisson, J-C.] ITER Org, Cadarache, France. [Kersevan, R.; Dremel, M.; Pearce, R. J. H.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. RP Baylor, LR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600066 ER PT J AU Brown, T Bromberg, L Costley, AE Goldston, RJ El-Guebaly, L Kessel, C Neilson, GH Malang, S Menard, JE Prager, S Scott, S Waganer, L Zarnstorff, M AF Brown, T. Bromberg, L. Costley, A. E. Goldston, R. J. El-Guebaly, L. Kessel, C. Neilson, G. H. Malang, S. Menard, J. E. Prager, S. Scott, S. Waganer, L. Zarnstorff, M. GP IEEE TI An Overview of Pilot Plant Designs Based on the Advanced Tokamak, Spherical Tokamak and Stellarator SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE advanced tokamak (AT); spherical tokamak (ST); compact stellarator (CS); component test; pilot plant AB A fusion pilot plant study was initiated to evaluate the potential benefits of following the fission development path as an approach for the commercialization of fusion. In such an approach, a fusion pilot plant would bridge the development needs in moving from ITER to a first of a kind fusion power plant. The pilot plant mission would encompass the component test and fusion nuclear science missions yet produce net electricity. In the first phase of the study scoping designs were developed for three different magnetic configuration options: the advanced tokamak (A T), spherical tokamak (ST) and compact stellarator (CS). Critical component features have been added to the designs that impact the general arrangement and maintenance characteristics of each device. The requirements specified in defining the pilot plant challenge the machine configurations developed for each option. Developing multiple options with a consistent set of requirements enables a uniform comparison of configuration and component issues that drive each design. This paper will provide an engineering design overview of each option, address open issues and assess where further work is needed to meet the pilot plant objectives. C1 [Brown, T.; Goldston, R. J.; Kessel, C.; Neilson, G. H.; Menard, J. E.; Prager, S.; Scott, S.; Zarnstorff, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Bromberg, L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Costley, A. E.] Diagnost ITER, Oxford, England. [El-Guebaly, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Malang, S.] Fus Nucl Technol Consulting, Linkenheim, Germany. [Waganer, L.] Boeing Co, St Louis, MO USA. RP Brown, T (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM tbrown@pppl.gov FU US DOE [DE-AC02 09CHI 1466] FX This work supported by the US DOE Contract No. DE-AC02 09CHI 1466 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600074 ER PT J AU Carlson, L Tillack, M Najmabadi, F Kessel, C AF Carlson, Lane Tillack, Mark Najmabadi, Farrokh Kessel, Charles GP IEEE TI ARIES Systems Code Development, Visualization and Application SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE visualization tool; ARIES; VASST; systems code; fusion power plant; tokamak ID DESIGN POINT; SELECTION AB The ARIES research program has utilized its comprehensive ARIES systems code (ASC) and a new graphical user interface for visualizing the parameter space as important tools in its analysis of fusion power plant designs. Recently, the ASC has undergone modifications to accommodate different divertor designs, each having unique pumping powers, helium and liquid-metal pumps thermal heat recovery, and the latest material, fabrication, and costing algorithms. The modifications and changes made to the code have been documented and verified by members of the ARIES team to ensure accuracy of implementation and self-consistency of design. The code has also been modified to display a wider range of inputs/outputs, formulas, and algorithms for a greater degree of transparency and verification. After the changes to the code were completed and the version locked, the ASC has been employed to continue to scan the physics and technology operating space for relevant power plant designs. Four corners of aggressiveness and conservativeness in both physics and technology serve as the boundaries for the scans. The Visual ARIES Systems Scanning Tool (VASST) has been used in parallel with the ASC scans to visualize the tremendous amounts of data resulting from these detailed systems scans. Displaying the data in a colorful and intuitive visual environment and giving the user explorative and visual interaction has helped extract meaningful relationships and trends from the data. Initially, broad scans from the ASC and VASST indicated areas of interest where further detail was needed. Further scans with a higher degree of detail helped enhance and further refine the database. After the final scans, VASST facilitated in displaying and filtering the large database to choose two "strawmen" data points at two of the four corners of the aggressive/conservative operating space. These points then served as reference designs so more detailed design and calculations could be done. The results of the in-depth designs assist the ASC by feeding back information into the code that can then be generalized for a wider range of operating scenarios relevant to the scanning range. This substantiates the ASC and helps mesh simple formulae with detailed design. C1 [Carlson, Lane; Tillack, Mark; Najmabadi, Farrokh] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kessel, Charles] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Carlson, L (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM lcarlson@ucsd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER54757] FX This work at UCSD was supported under U.S. Department of Energy grant number DE-FG02-04ER54757. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600099 ER PT J AU Combs, SK Foust, CR McGill, JM Baylor, LR Caughman, JBO Fehling, DT Harris, JH Meitner, SJ Rasmussen, DA McCarthy, KJ Chamorro, M Garcia, R Hidalgo, C Medrano, M Mirones, E Olivares, J Unamuno, R AF Combs, S. K. Foust, C. R. McGill, J. M. Baylor, L. R. Caughman, J. B. O. Fehling, D. T. Harris, J. H. Meitner, S. J. Rasmussen, D. A. McCarthy, K. J. Chamorro, M. Garcia, R. Hidalgo, C. Medrano, M. Mirones, E. Olivares, J. Unamuno, R. GP IEEE TI A New Four-Barrel Pellet Injection System for the TJ-II Stellarator SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE pellet injector; TJ-II; hydrogen plasma; fueling; diagnostic ID TECHNOLOGY; MST AB A new pellet injection system for the TJ-II stellarator has been developed/constructed as part of a collaboration between the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and the Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT). ORNL is providing most of the injector hardware and instrumentation, the pellet diagnostics, and the pellet transport tubes; ClEMAT is responsible for the injector stand/interface to the stellarator, cryogenic refrigerator, vacuum pumps/ballast volumes, gas manifolds, remote operations, plasma diagnostics, and data acquisition. The pellet injector design is an upgraded version of that used for the ORNL injector installed on the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST). It is a four-barrel system equipped with a cryogenic refrigerator for in situ hydrogen pellet formation and a combined mechanical punch/propellant valve system for pellet acceleration (speeds similar to 100 to 1000 m/s). On TJ-II, it will be used as an active diagnostic and for fueling. To accommodate the plasma experiments planned for TJ-II, pellet sizes significantly smaller than those typically used for the MST application are required. The system will initially be equipped with four different pellet sizes, with the gun barrel bores ranging between similar to 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The new system is almost complete and is described briefly here, highlighting the new features added since the original MST injector was constructed. Also, the future installation on TJ-II is reviewed. C1 [Combs, S. K.; Foust, C. R.; McGill, J. M.; Baylor, L. R.; Caughman, J. B. O.; Fehling, D. T.; Harris, J. H.; Meitner, S. J.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McCarthy, K. J.; Chamorro, M.; Garcia, R.; Hidalgo, C.; Medrano, M.; Mirones, E.; Olivares, J.; Unamuno, R.] ClEMA, Lab Nac Fus, S-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Combs, SK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM combssk@ornl.gov; kieran.mccarthy@ciemat.es RI Caughman, John/R-4889-2016 OI Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164 FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [FTN2007 -64159] FX This work is partially financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, grant number Ref. FTN2007 -64159. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600049 ER PT B AU Denault, M Arose, D AF Denault, M. Arose, D. GP IEEE TI Vacuum Compatability of Welded Joints for NSTX-U SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB The high vacuum environment of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) cannot tolerate a leak rate of greater than 1x10-5 Torr-liters per second or an out-gassing rate of more than 2x10-12 Torr-liters per second per cm(2) This is maintained with an austenitic 316 stainless steel vacuum vessel. The NSTX Upgrade (NSTX-U) will require large weldments attached to the current vacuum vessel that will become the new vacuum boundary. Due to the lack of superstructure, all loads are passed through the vacuum vessel. This means the welds must carry a substantial load as well as provide vacuum integrity. Distortion of the vessel must also be minimized in order to accommodate precisely-aligned diagnostics as well as to mate to the new second neutral beam. The ideal candidate for these welds is Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW). FCAW can deposit a great amount of weld material quickly with minimal heat input. This paper will discuss the vacuum compatibility of FCAW and compare it to other standard welding processes used on NSTX. C1 [Denault, M.; Arose, D.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Denault, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM mdenault@pppl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600071 ER PT J AU Desai, N Hatcher, R Neumeyer, C AF Desai, N. Hatcher, R. Neumeyer, C. GP IEEE TI NSTX POWER SUPPLY CONFIGURATION CONTROL UPGRADE SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE Integrated System Test Procedure; ISTP-001; National Spherical Torus Experiment; NSTX; PSRTC; Power Supply Real Time Control; mathcad excel data link AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is in its second decade of operation at PPPL. NSTX has a total of 15 coil systems (which include the coils, their dedicated power supplies and associated auxiliary equipment) that create and control the plasma per the experimental objectives. Each coil system is individually controllable via the NSTX Power Supply Real Time Controller (PSRTC) software code written in C language. The NSTX has great flexibility in both the configuration of its coil system and in the operating envelope afforded by the connected power supplies. To ensure proper operation and to minimize the probability of lost runtime due to system faults, the project has developed a procedure that governs system configuration. The Integrated System Test Procedure (ISTP-001) documents the NSTX machine parameters, experiment configuration limits, machine protection settings and device settings. This paper will describe calculations for the ISTP 001 methodology and system protection settings; record keeping of the various configuration revisions and the upgrade in progress to improve readability and calculation capabilities. C1 [Desai, N.; Hatcher, R.; Neumeyer, C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Dept Engn, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Desai, N (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Dept Engn, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ndesai@pppl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600140 ER PT J AU Dodson, T Stevenson, T Egebo, T Strykowsky, R Langish, S Williams, M AF Dodson, T. Stevenson, T. Egebo, T. Strykowsky, R. Langish, S. Williams, M. GP IEEE TI Ensuring Compliance and Consistency in an R&D Environment: The PPPL Office of Project Management SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE project management; earned value management; EVMS AB The Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) Office of Project Management (PMO) is responsible for oversight, coordination, and implementation of all project management processes. Per DOE Order 413.3B, the PMO will ensure the proper and standardized management of projects within the organization according to the Project Management System Description (PMSD) and Engineering (ENG) procedures. The PPPL PMO provides oversight functions for the physics research, engineering, R&D, operations, and facility projects. This oversight is provided through Work Planning, Design Verification, Cost and Schedule review, and Project Status review. A team consisting of a Cognizant individual, Planning and Control Officer, and Responsible Line Manager pilots jobs and projects through the procedure process and oversight functions to accomplish work. For capital projects, a Project Manager will oversee a team of Cognizant individuals according to a Work Breakdown Structure system. For smaller jobs, the Cognizant individual will serve as the Project Manager. PPPL jobs are often R&D and prototypes due to the research environment. The identification of technical, cost, schedule and ES&H risks early in the project life cycle is imperative to avoid limitations and mitigate these risks. Another key function of the PMO is to manage resource conflicts and prioritize work through the use of the monthly Project Status Review Board (PSRB). Staff training is also provided by the PMO and is critical to the success of the project management function across the organization. During the past year, the PMO effort has been focused on assessing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT), improving procedures, mapping the work flow process, and training job and project staff for improved performance. Extensive input to the PMO from stakeholders through audit findings, report recommendations, and departmental review has also been incorporated. The PMO continues to support a Major Item of Equipment (MIE) upgrade project on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) and is supporting preparation for Earned Value Management System (EVMS) certification later this year. C1 [Dodson, T.; Stevenson, T.; Egebo, T.; Strykowsky, R.; Langish, S.; Williams, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dodson, T (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM tdodson@pppl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600106 ER PT J AU Frattolillo, A Bombarda, F Migliori, S Podda, S Capobianchi, M Coppi, B Combs, SK Foust, CR Meitner, S Fehling, D Mc Gill, J Baylor, LR Milora, SL Roveta, G AF Frattolillo, A. Bombarda, F. Migliori, S. Podda, S. Capobianchi, M. Coppi, B. Combs, S. K. Foust, C. R. Meitner, S. Fehling, D. Mc Gill, J. Baylor, L. R. Milora, S. L. Roveta, G. GP IEEE TI Advances On The High Speed Ignitor Pellet Injector (IPI) SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE component; Ignitor; pellet injection; two-stage gun AB The control of the density profile during the initial plasma current rise is a critical issue to optimize ohmic and fusion heating rates of Ignitor plasmas. Simulations performed with the NGS ablation model, for the reference ignition plasma parameters (n(e0) congruent to n(i0) congruent to 10(21) m(-3), T-e0 congruent to T-i0 congruent to 11 keY), indicate that deuterium pellets of a few mm (<= 4 mm) in size injected at 3-4 km/s from the low field side should ensure adequate deep fuelling. ENEA and ORNL are collaborating on the development of a four barrel, two-stage pneumatic injector for the Ignitor experiment, featuring two innovative concepts: (i) the proper shaping of the propellant pressure pulse to improve pellet acceleration, and (ii) the use of fast closing (similar to 9 ms) valves to eliminate the need of large expansion volumes for propellant gas removal. Two independent sub-systems have been built. The ENEA equipment, including four independent two-stage guns (TSG) and pulse shaping valves, the gas removal system, and the associated controls and diagnostics, has been built and thoroughly tested at CRIOTEC, prior to being shipped to ORNL. The ORNL apparatus consists of the cryostat and pellet diagnostics, with related control and data acquisition system. Integration of the two subsystems (except for the gas removal system) has been readily achieved. The present arrangement accommodates both a TSG and a standard propellant valve on each barrel, allowing seamless switching between standard and high-speed operation on any or all gun barrels. Previous joint experiments at ORNL, demonstrated that the two systems match properly, while their respective control systems interface correctly. The injector performed outstandingly, showing excellent repeatability. These preliminary results indicate that, for the same peak pressure, the IPI has the potential of achieving higher speed performance, as compared with those attained by previous high speed injectors, such as the Single Pellet Injector (SPIN) installed on the FTU in the early 90's. Launching sequences at moderate propellant pressure and speeds up to similar to 2.6 km/s were performed with all four barrels; however, it was not possible to observe intact pellets at speeds above 2 km/s. The analysis of experimental data indicate that, at high speeds, the pellets may spin and hit the wall of the too narrow conduit crossing the diagnostics. This hypothesis is corroborated by numerical simulations. Following this analysis, the inner diameter of this guide tube has been enlarged, and a new target diagnostic has been implemented to test the dispersion of pellet trajectories immediately downstream of the diagnostics. The results of the latest experimental campaign are reported. C1 [Frattolillo, A.; Bombarda, F.; Migliori, S.; Podda, S.; Capobianchi, M.] ENEA CR Frascati, Rome, Italy. [Combs, S. K.; Foust, C. R.; Meitner, S.; Fehling, D.; Mc Gill, J.; Baylor, L. R.; Milora, S. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Coppi, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Roveta, G.] Criotec Impianti, Chivasso, TO, Italy. RP Frattolillo, A (reprint author), ENEA CR Frascati, Rome, Italy. EM antonio.frattolillo@enea.it NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600042 ER PT J AU Freudenberg, KD Myatt, RL AF Freudenberg, Kevin D. Myatt, R. Leonard GP IEEE TI ITER Central Solenoid Support Structure Analysis SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE ITER; Central Solenoid; FEA; ANSYS; magnets AB The ITER Central Solenoid (CS) is comprised of six independent coils held together by a pre-compression support structure. This structure must provide enough preload to maintain sufficient coil-to-coil contact and interface load throughout the current pulse. End of burn (EO B) represents one of the most extreme time-points during the reference scenario when the currents in the CS3 coils oppose those of CSt & CS2. The CS structure is performance limited by the room temperature static yield requirements needed to support the roughly 180 MN preload to resist coil separation during operation. This preload is applied by inner and external tie plates along the length of the coil stack by mechanical fastening methods utilizing Superbolt (R) technology. The preloading structure satisfies the magnet structural design criteria of ITER and will be verified during mockup studies. The solenoid is supported from the bottom of the toroidal field (TF) coil casing in both the vertical radial directions. The upper support of the CS coil structure maintains radial registration with the TF coil in the event of vertical disruptions (VDE) loads and earthquakes. All of these structure systems are analyzed via a global finite element analysis (FEA). The model includes a complete sector of the TF coil and the CS coil/structure in one self-consistent analysis. The corresponding results and design descriptions are described in this report. C1 [Freudenberg, Kevin D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Myatt, R. Leonard] Myatt Comsulting Inc, Norfolk, MA 02056 USA. RP Freudenberg, KD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM freudenbergk@ornl.gov; leonard.myatt@myattconsulting.com FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-000R22725]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the ITER Organization NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600103 ER PT B AU Greenough, N AF Greenough, N. GP IEEE TI Improving the Linearity of the AD8361 "Tru-Pwr" RF Detector IC SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB The AD8361 is a wideband linear RMS radiofrequency (RF) detector IC widely used in the RF industry. This paper presents a method to extend the dynamic range of the detector to nearly 40 decibels, over a range from less than -30dBm to +8dBm with absolute accuracy typically +0.5/-1dB. In addition, most samples can be made to track to a very high degree over an even wider range. The increase in accuracy and tracking allows improved power calibration, real-time power regulation, and calculation of VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) for the multi-megawatt RF transmitters used to heat plasmas on NSTX at PPPL. The method presented here is simpler and lower cost than the dual-detector-amplifier technique presented by its manufacturer. Test results and distributions are presented for approximately 20 samples of a dual-detector module built by PPPL. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Greenough, N (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ngreenough@pppl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600070 ER PT J AU Grunloh, H Lohr, J AF Grunloh, H. Lohr, J. GP IEEE TI DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH PERFORMANCE PASSIVELY COOLED MIRRORS FOR ECH LAUNCHERS SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB Fusion reactors and state-of-the-art tokamaks will operate at pulse lengths that require heat absorbing components to be designed for steady state operation. Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) power sources are approaching that goal as well. The reflecting mirrors for ECH launchers will therefore need to be designed for steady-state operation. There are still a number of ECH systems that do not operate at steady state, but at increasing pulse lengths and power levels. At these facilities, despite some advantages that would result from using actively cooled ECH launcher mirrors, operating costs and risks can be minimized by using passively cooled mirrors that are designed to be replaced with a minimum of difficulty. This paper describes the design of the most recent mirrors for the DIII-D ECH launchers. Electromagnetic and thermal stress analyses are presented, and the fatigue life of the mirrors is estimated. The costs and benefits of periodic replacement of mirrors, as compared to the use of steady-state actively cooled mirrors, are discussed. C1 [Grunloh, H.; Lohr, J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Grunloh, H (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM rellis@pppl.gov FU US DOE [DEAC02-09CHI1466] FX This work is supported by the US DOE Contract No. DEAC02-09CHI1466. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600135 ER PT J AU Heim, B Gonderman, S Taylor, CN Allain, JP Yang, ZE Gonzalez, M Collins, E Skinner, CH Ellis, B Blanchard, W Roquemore, L Kugel, HW Martin, R AF Heim, Bryan Gonderman, S. Taylor, C. N. Allain, J. P. Yang, Z. E. Gonzalez, M. Collins, E. Skinner, C. H. Ellis, B. Blanchard, W. Roquemore, L. Kugel, H. W. Martin, R. GP IEEE TI The Materials Analysis patticle Probe (MAPP) Diagnostic System in NSTX SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE plasma material interactions; lithiated graphite; plasma surface interations AB Lithium conditioning of plasma-facing surfaces (PFS) has been implemented in NSTX leading to improvements in plasma performance such as reduced D recycling and a reduction in edge localized modes (ELMS). Analysis of post-mortem tiles and offline experiments has identified interactions between Li-O-D and Li-C-D as chemical channels for deuterium retention in AT J graphite. MAPP is the first in-vacuo surface analysis diagnostic directly integrated into a tokamak and capable of shot-to-shot chemical surface analysis of plasma material interactions (PM I). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy ion surface spectroscopy (LEISS) can show the chemical functionalities between D and Iithiated graphite at both the near surface (5-10 nm) and top surface layer (0.3-0.6 nm) for XPS and LEISS respectively. MAPP will correlate plasma facing component (PFC) surface chemistry with plasma performance to lead the way to improved understanding of plasma-surface interactions and their effect on global plasma performance. Remote operation and data acquisition, integrated into NSTX diagnostic and interlocks, make MAPP an advanced PMI diagnostic with stringent engineering constraints. C1 [Heim, Bryan; Gonderman, S.; Taylor, C. N.; Allain, J. P.; Yang, Z. E.; Gonzalez, M.; Collins, E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Skinner, C. H.; Ellis, B.; Blanchard, W.; Roquemore, L.; Kugel, H. W.; Martin, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Heim, B (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bheim@purdue.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600108 ER PT J AU Kalish, M Heitzenroeder, P Brooks, A Bryant, L Chrzanowski, J Daly, E Feder, R Feng, J Messineo, M Gomez, M Hause, C Bohm, T Griffiths, I Lipski, A Mardenfeld, M Nakahira, M Neumeyer, C Pillsbury, R Sawan, M Schaffer, M Simmons, R Titus, P Zatz, I Meighan, T AF Kalish, M. Heitzenroeder, P. Brooks, A. Bryant, L. Chrzanowski, J. Daly, E. Feder, R. Feng, J. Messineo, M. Gomez, M. Hause, C. Bohm, T. Griffiths, I. Lipski, A. Mardenfeld, M. Nakahira, M. Neumeyer, C. Pillsbury, R. Sawan, M. Schaffer, M. Simmons, R. Titus, P. Zatz, I. Meighan, T. GP IEEE TI ITER IN-VESSEL COIL DESIGN AND R&D SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE ITER; Edge Localized Modes; ELM; Vertical Stabilization; VS; Magnesium Oxide Insulation; MgO; In Vessel Coils; IVC; Stainless Steel Mineral Insulated Conductor; SSMIC AB ITER will incorporate In Vessel Coils (IVCs) as a method of stabilizing "Edge Localized Modes" (ELM) and providing "Vertical Stabilization" (VS). To meet the ELM and VS Coil requirements strong coupling with the plasma is required so that it is necessary for the coils to be installed in the vessel just behind the blanket shield modules. Due to this close proximity to the plasma the radiation and temperature environment is severe and conventional electrical insulation materials and processes cannot be used. The development of mineral insulated conductor technology has been required in the IVC design to deal with this high radiation and high temperature environment. While mineral insulated conductor technology is not new, building a large magnet with high current carrying capability and a conductor diameter larger than the mineral insulated conductor currently manufactured requires R&D and the extension of existing technologies. A 59mm Stainless Steel Jacketed Mineral Insulated Conductor (SSMIC) using MgO is being developed for this application. The IVC ELM and VS coils design includes both the development of the fabrication techniques for the SSMIC and the design and analysis of the ELM and VS Coil assemblies. The ELM coil assemblies consist of nine toroidal sectors of three (upper, midplane, and lower) 6-turn rectangular "picture frame coils" for a total of 27 coils mounted to the vacuum vessel. The ELM coil structural design must provide enough flexibility to relieve the thermal stresses in the coil while providing the stiffness to resist the high Lorentz (magnetic) loads on the coil. To achieve the required fatigue lifetime the ELM SSMIC conductors use a water cooled CuCrZr conductor. The VS coils consist of one upper and one lower 4-turn solenoid "ring" coil connected in an anti-series "saddle" arrangement. Because it is less stressed than the ELM coil conductor the VS SSMIC conductor use water cooled Cu instead of CuCrZr. This paper summarizes the design, development, and testing to date of the SSMIC conductor as well as the design and analysis of the VS and ELM coil assemblies. Joining and assembly techniques for the SSMIC conductor are also discussed. C1 [Kalish, M.; Heitzenroeder, P.; Brooks, A.; Bryant, L.; Chrzanowski, J.; Feder, R.; Messineo, M.; Gomez, M.; Hause, C.; Lipski, A.; Mardenfeld, M.; Neumeyer, C.; Simmons, R.; Titus, P.; Zatz, I.; Meighan, T.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kalish, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM mkalish@pppl.gov FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-76CH03073] FX Work supported by U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03073. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600024 ER PT J AU Korsah, K Smith, M Kim, S Neumeyer, C AF Korsah, Kofi Smith, Michael Kim, Seokho Neumeyer, Charles GP IEEE TI Options for Shielding Tokamak Cooling Water Electrical Components against High Magnetic Fields SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE Tokamak instrumentation; magnetic shielding; electromagnetic compatibility; stray magnetic fields AB The Tokamak Cooling Water System (TCWS) Instrumentation and Control (I&C) components of ITER will be located in areas of relatively high magnetic fields. Previous tests on electrical and I&C components have indicated that shielding will be required to protect these components from such magnetic fields. To accomplish this, studies were performed by AREVA Federal Services (AFS) in support of the TCWS Design project with the intent of identifying an optimal solution for shielding I&C components. This paper presents a summary of these studies and presents design options for providing magnetic shielding to ITER TCWS I&C components and electrical equipment that are susceptible to the magnetic fields present. C1 [Korsah, Kofi; Kim, Seokho] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US ITER Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Smith, Michael] AREVA, Fed Serv LLC, Charlotte, NC USA. [Neumeyer, Charles] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Korsah, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US ITER Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM korsahk@ornl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600075 ER PT J AU Kotulski, JD Coats, R Ulrickson, M AF Kotulski, Joseph D. Coats, Rebecca Ulrickson, Michael GP IEEE TI The Analysis of the Electromagnetic Loads on Selected ITER Blanket Shield Modules due to Induced Eddy and Halo currents SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE ITER blanket modules; eddy currents; halo currents; electromagnetic loads AB The prediction of electromagnetic loads on the ITER blanket modules during a plasma disruption is considered for two different blanket modules and different disruption events. The key features of the analysis procedure will be presented including the modeling of the plasma current, halo current, and the geometric description of the first wall, shield modules, and vacuum vessel. The electromagnetic calculations are performed using the Opera-3d software. The loads due to the eddy currents and halo currents are calculated separately using different technique. Once these loads have been calculated they can also be exported for additional post-processing to assess the mechanical loading effects. C1 [Kotulski, Joseph D.; Coats, Rebecca; Ulrickson, Michael] Sandia Natl Labs, EM Qualificat & Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kotulski, JD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, EM Qualificat & Engn, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jdkotul@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600011 ER PT J AU Kozub, T Majeski, R Kaita, R Granstedt, E Jacobson, C Lundberg, D Timberlake, J AF Kozub, T. Majeski, R. Kaita, R. Granstedt, E. Jacobson, C. Lundberg, D. Timberlake, J. GP IEEE TI Lithium Operations on the Lithium Tokamak Experiment SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE component; Lithium; Liquid lithium; Plasma facing surface AB The lithium tokamak experiment (LTX) is a small spherical tokamak currently operating to investigate the low recycling regime for magnetically confined plasmas through the utilization of liquid lithium coated plasma facing surfaces. The LTX machine is unique in that it incorporates inside the vacuum vessel a heated conducting shell that encloses about 80% of the last closed flux surface of the plasma. The conforming shell operates at temperatures up to 500 degrees C and is coated with a thin liquid lithium film. Two retractable crucible evaporators are used to deposit the lithium film on the shell inner surfaces. Various methods and procedures for lithium deposition onto the shell surfaces have been tested by varying the component temperatures and vessel pressure, and utilizing concurrent glow discharge. Operating procedures and safety systems have been developed and implemented to ensure the safe operation with lithium at elevated temperatures. The machine has successfully operated with lithium coated shells demonstrating improved plasma performance as a result. Maintaining an active lithium surface between lithium evaporations was an issue and new features are currently being installed to address this. The machine has also been vented and the internal surfaces cleaned without any difficulty. Operating results, current status, ongoing upgrades and future plans will be presented. C1 [Kozub, T.; Majeski, R.; Kaita, R.; Granstedt, E.; Jacobson, C.; Lundberg, D.; Timberlake, J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kozub, T (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM tkozub@pppl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600098 ER PT J AU Kung, CC Kramer, GJ Wilson, JR AF Kung, C. C. Kramer, G. J. Wilson, J. R. GP IEEE TI NEW IQ DEMODULATOR DEVELOPMENT IN DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT FOR FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB New IQ demodulator, which will be used in the reflectometry system, was developed for the Alcator C-Mod experiments. Because the demodulator itself is a 4 mm x 4 mm integrated circuit chip and has very wide operational bandwidth ( 0.7 GHz - 2.7 GHz), it can be mounted on a circuit board with its low frequency IQ outputs connecting directly to gain control and dc offset adjustment circuits. This whole circuitry is realized on a 4 '' x2.5 '' printed circuit board and can be well tailored to meet the requirements for any type of data collection system. Since the RF and LO ports are operated at very narrow bandwidth in this application, single stub match circuits are designed to improve the ports matching as well as serve as a single pole filter. C1 [Kung, C. C.; Kramer, G. J.; Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kung, CC (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ckung@pppl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600045 ER PT J AU Lumsdaine, A Peng, M AF Lumsdaine, Arnold Peng, Martin GP IEEE TI Structural analysis of an optimally designed spherical tokamak centerpost SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE spherical torus; optimization; centerpost; thermal stress ID FACILITY AB The realization of commercialized fusion power will involve the development of new materials that can withstand the uniquely harsh nuclear fusion environment. Of particular interest are those materials that are closest to the plasma. The combination of thermal loading, neutron damage, material sputtering and redeposition provide uniquely hostile conditions under which no material testing has yet occurred. An experimental Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF) is required that will create the environment that simultaneously achieves high energy neutrons and high ion fluence necessary in order to bridge the gaps from ITER to the realization of a fusion nuclear power plant. One concept for achieving this is a high duty cycle spherical tokamak (ST) [I]. The centerpost is a critical component of the spherical tokamak design, as it controls the size of the entire reactor. The centerpost will experience significant thermal loading and thermal gradients from Ohmic heating, nuclear heating, and water cooling. Nuclear heating will also produce embrittlement and swelling in the centerpost. In addition to thermal loads, the centerpost must be designed to carry mechanical loads produced from the various magnetic fields (TF, PF, plasma currents), both steady-state and transient. The centerpost temperature must remain low enough to permit water cooling, and stresses must remain low enough so that the centerpost remains structurally sound. This study will focus on the stress analysis of a centerpost optimized to reduce the thermal gradients in the cross-section. C1 [Lumsdaine, Arnold; Peng, Martin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lumsdaine, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600047 ER PT J AU Meitner, SJ Baylor, LR Combs, SK Fehling, DT Foust, CR McGill, JM Rasmussen, DA Maruyama, S AF Meitner, S. J. Baylor, L. R. Combs, S. K. Fehling, D. T. Foust, C. R. McGill, J. M. Rasmussen, D. A. Maruyama, S. GP IEEE TI Twin-Screw Extruder and Pellet Accelerator Integration Developments for ITER SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE ITER fueling; ELM control; twin-screw extruder ID INJECTOR AB The ITER pellet injection system consisting of a twin-screw frozen hydrogen isotope extruder, coupled to a combination solenoid actuated pellet cutter and pneumatic pellet accelerator, is under development at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A prototype extruder has been built to produce a continuous solid deuterium extrusion and will be integrated with a secondary section, where pellets are cut, chambered, and launched with a single-stage pneumatic accelerator into the plasma through a guide tube. This integrated pellet injection system is designed to provide 5 mm fueling pellets, injected at a rate up to 10 Hz, or 3 mm edge localized mode ( ELM) triggering pellets, injected at higher rates up to 20 Hz. The pellet cutter, chamber mechanism, and the solenoid operated pneumatic valve for the accelerator are optimized to provide pellet velocities between 200-300 m/s to ensure high pellet survivability while traversing the inner wall fueling guide tubes, and outer wall ELM pacing guide tubes. This paper outlines the current twin-screw extruder design, pellet accelerator design, and the integration required for both fueling and ELM pacing pellets. C1 [Meitner, S. J.; Baylor, L. R.; Combs, S. K.; Fehling, D. T.; Foust, C. R.; McGill, J. M.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Maruyama, S.] ITER Org, Paris, France. RP Meitner, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; UT-Battelle; LLC for the U.S.Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This work was supported by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600057 ER PT J AU Menard, J Canik, J Chrzanowski, J Denault, M Dudek, L Gerhardt, S Kaye, S Kessel, C Kolemen, E Maingi, R Neumeyer, C Ono, M Perry, E Raman, R Sabbagh, S Smith, M Soukhanovskii, V Stevenson, T Strykowsky, R Titus, P Tresemer, K Viola, M Williams, M AF Menard, J. Canik, J. Chrzanowski, J. Denault, M. Dudek, L. Gerhardt, S. Kaye, S. Kessel, C. Kolemen, E. Maingi, R. Neumeyer, C. Ono, M. Perry, E. Raman, R. Sabbagh, S. Smith, M. Soukhanovskii, V. Stevenson, T. Strykowsky, R. Titus, P. Tresemer, K. Viola, M. Williams, M. CA NSTX Res Team GP IEEE TI Overview of the Physics and Engineering Design of NSTX Upgrade (Invited Paper) SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS ID FACILITY AB he spherical tokamak (ST) is a leading candidate for a fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) due to its compact size and modular configuration. T he National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX) is a MA-class ST facility in the U. S. actively developing the physics basis for an ST-based FNSF. In plasma transport research, ST experiments exhibit a strong (nearly inverse) scaling of normalized confinement with collisionality, and if this trend holds at low collisionality, high fusion neutron fluences could be achievable in very compact ST devices. A major motivation for the NSTX Upgrade (NSTX-U) is to span the next factor of 3-6 reduction in collisionality. To achieve this collisionality reduction with equilibrated profiles, NSTX-U will double the toroidal field, plasma current, and NBI heating power and increase the pulse length from 1-1.5s to 5s. In the area of stability and advanced scenarios, plasmas with higher aspect ratio and elongation, high beta(N), and broad current profiles approaching those of an ST-based FNSF have been produced in NSTX using active control of the plasma beta and advanced resistive wall mode control. High non-inductive current fractions of 70% have been sustained for many current diffusion times, and the more tangential injection of the 2nd NBI of the Upgrade is projected to increase the NBI current drive by up to a factor of 2 and support 100% non-inductive operation. More tangential NBI injection is also projected to provide non-solenoidal current ramp-up (from I-P = 0.4MA up to 0.8-1MA) as needed for an ST-based FNSF. In boundary physics, NSTX and higher-A tokamaks measure an inverse relationship between the scrape-off layer heat-flux width and plasma current that could unfavorably impact next-step devices. Recently, NSTX has successfully demonstrated very high flux expansion and substantial heat-flux reduction using a snowflake divertor configuration, and this type of divertor is incorporated in the NSTX-U design. T he physics and engineering design supporting NSTX Upgrade are described. C1 [Menard, J.; Chrzanowski, J.; Denault, M.; Dudek, L.; Gerhardt, S.; Kaye, S.; Kessel, C.; Kolemen, E.; Neumeyer, C.; Ono, M.; Perry, E.; Smith, M.; Stevenson, T.; Strykowsky, R.; Titus, P.; Tresemer, K.; Viola, M.; Williams, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Canik, J.; Maingi, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sabbagh, S.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Menard, J (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-09CH I 1466] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. DOE Contract Number DE-AC02-09CH I 1466. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600160 ER PT J AU Murphy, CJ Abrahim, M Anderson, PM Chiu, HK Grunloh, HJ Hansink, MJ Holtrop, KL Hong, RM Kellman, AG Kellman, DH Mauzey, PS Noraky, S Pawley, CJ Rauch, J Scoville, JT Van Zeeland, MA Yip, HH Wood, RL Murakami, M Park, JM Heidbrink, WW AF Murphy, C. J. Abrahim, M. Anderson, P. M. Chiu, H. K. Grunloh, H. J. Hansink, M. J. Holtrop, K. L. Hong, R. -M. Kellman, A. G. Kellman, D. H. Mauzey, P. S. Noraky, S. Pawley, C. J. Rauch, J. Scoville, J. T. Van Zeeland, M. A. Yip, H. H. Wood, R. L. Murakami, M. Park, J. M. Heidbrink, W. W. GP IEEE TI Overview of DIII-D Off-Axis Neutral Beam Project SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB DIII-D has four neutral beam lines (NB). Each of these beam lines has two ion sources, each of which injects up to 2.5 MW for 3 s. These beam lines intersect the vacuum vessel at an angle of 19.5 deg off from radial, enabling current drive in the same direction as the plasma current (co-injection). In 2004, one of these beam lines (210 deg) was rotated to provide counter-injection (opposite of plasma current). A different beamline (150 deg) has been modified to have the capability to provide off-axis neutral beam current drive. The goal of the off-axis injection is to have the center of the ion sources aimed at a position 40 cm below the geometric center of the plasma. To achieve this off-axis injection, the beam line requires a mechanical lifting system that can elevate the beam line up to 16.5 deg from horizontal. The beam line also requires more strongly vertically focused ion sources (in order to pass the beam through a reduced effective aperture) as well as modified internal components. Additionally, the design of the new internal components incorporated modifications to allow for the doubling of ion source pulse lengths without the need for active cooling. This paper discusses the various beam line system design requirements for off-axis injection, as well as the results from the actual commissioning of the beamline. Overviews of the design and performance of mechanical lifting system (hydraulics and controls), focused ion sources, flexible beamline support systems (vacuum, cryogenic, power and water cooling), and internal beam line collimators are included. Additionally, the in-vessel monitoring and shine-through protection requirements are discussed. The actual data obtained during beam line commissioning and during normal physics operations is also presented. C1 [Murphy, C. J.; Abrahim, M.; Anderson, P. M.; Chiu, H. K.; Grunloh, H. J.; Hansink, M. J.; Holtrop, K. L.; Hong, R. -M.; Kellman, A. G.; Kellman, D. H.; Mauzey, P. S.; Noraky, S.; Pawley, C. J.; Rauch, J.; Scoville, J. T.; Van Zeeland, M. A.; Yip, H. H.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Wood, R. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Murakami, M.; Park, J. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Murphy, CJ (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM murphy@fusion.gat.com FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEFC02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CHI1466, DE-AC05-000R22725, SC-G903402.] FX This work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under DEFC02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CHI1466, DE-AC05-000R22725 and SC-G903402. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600128 ER PT J AU Neilson, GH Betti, R Gates, D Kessel, C Menard, J Prager, S Scott, S Zarnstorff, M AF Neilson, G. H. Betti, R. Gates, D. Kessel, C. Menard, J. Prager, S. Scott, S. Zarnstorff, M. GP IEEE TI Charting the Roadmap to Magnetic Fusion Energy SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE fusion energy; Demo; roadmap; risk AB With the ITER era now well underway, the fusion community is considering the next major steps in magnetic fusion energy (MFE) development. It follows that there is heightened interest worldwide in understanding the roadmap to commercial MFE. In reality, there is no unique roadmap. An important differentiator among possible pathways is risk, i.e. the risks accepted in going from step to step and how risks are mitigated through R&D programs that accompany and support the progression of major nuclear devices. We consider a rollback approach, starting from a definition of what Demo (a power plant that is the last step before commercialization) must accomplish. We assess, in fusion science and technology terms, the mission and requirements for Demo, its prerequisites, and the requirements for a major nuclear devices and the accompanying programs that could precede Demo in order to satisfy its prerequisites. One option for a pre-Demo MFE device is a pilot plant, a facility that would develop and test nuclear components surrounding the plasma, prototype maintenance schemes applicable to a power plant, and demonstrate both tritium self-sufficiency and net electricity generation. An initial assessment of the pilot plant, in terms of its potential to satisfy Demo prerequisites and the associated risks, is presented.* C1 [Neilson, G. H.; Betti, R.; Gates, D.; Kessel, C.; Menard, J.; Prager, S.; Scott, S.; Zarnstorff, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Neilson, GH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hneilson@pppl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600026 ER PT J AU Pagdon, K Gentile, C Cohen, A Ascione, G Baker, G AF Pagdon, K. Gentile, C. Cohen, A. Ascione, G. Baker, G. GP IEEE TI Production of Tc-99m from Naturally Occurring Molybdenum Absent Uranium SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE neutron activation; high energy gamma; medical isotope AB Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) is the world's most widely used medical isotope. Current production methods involve the irradiation of highly enriched uranium (HEU) and low enriched uranium (LEU) targets in nuclear reactors. Molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) is then extracted from these targets, which decays to Tc-99m. Currently, this process is centralized, as there are very few companies that manufacture Mo-99. In an effort to eradicate the need for uranium to produce this medical isotope, naturally occurring molybdenum was studied to produce Mo-99. Preliminary testing at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory included irradiating naturally occurring Mo coupons for varying amounts of time using a D-T neutron generator producing 1.5x10(8) n/sec to produce Mo-99. Exploiting this technique, Tc-99m was successfully produced. Proof of principle testing is also underway to confirm the ability to produce Mo-99 from Mo-100 using high-energy gamma rays. Future work consists of creating a mobile device that is able to produce Tc-99m on demand, allowing for a distributed system of the medical isotope in hospitals and radio pharmacies worldwide. C1 [Pagdon, K.; Gentile, C.; Cohen, A.; Ascione, G.; Baker, G.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ USA. RP Pagdon, K (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ USA. EM kpagdon@pppl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600095 ER PT B AU Pugh, C Carrol, T Henderson, P AF Pugh, C. Carrol, T. Henderson, P. GP IEEE TI Ensuring High Availability And Recoverability Of Acquired Data SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE data aquisition; raid; zfs; storage; backup; restore AB Every time one runs a shot, or simulation, exorbitant amounts of data are collected and sent off to live a life in storage. This data is important to our livelihood as a scientific research community, and to the goals of our mission of sustainable energy. Therefore it will behoove all to ensure the integrity of this data. Many mechanisms are available to store and ensure the availability of this data, from Hardware Raid, to Software Raid, and backups. Is the right amount of data redundancy being utilized in order to ensure data is safe? What are the scenarios in which these redundancies could fail? How can one ensure that each type of failure is accounted for with the least amount of overhead? When using Hardware Raid on the storage networks, each Raid group is allowed a certain number of failures, before the whole group fails beyond recovery. Software Raid, specifically ZFS raid-z or mirroring, can check for "soft errors," and provide a way to recover, even if a hard disk fails or a device is prematurely removed. Finally, backups are only as good as the policy and resources provided to the system. As with many engineering decisions, it is often not clear what the best solution is. Alone, each one of these mechanisms provides a certain level of data redundancy or availability. However, when one would combine these resources, it will ensure that no matter what scenario, data will be available and recoverable. C1 [Pugh, C.; Carrol, T.; Henderson, P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Div Informat Technol, Princeton, NJ 08075 USA. RP Pugh, C (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Div Informat Technol, Princeton, NJ 08075 USA. EM cpugh@pppl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600072 ER PT J AU Ramakrishnan, S Neumeyer, C Lawson, J Mozulay, R Baker, E Hatcher, R Desai, N Que, WG Zhao, X AF Ramakrishnan, S. Neumeyer, C. Lawson, J. Mozulay, R. Baker, E. Hatcher, R. Desai, N. Que, Weiguo Zhao, Xin GP IEEE TI Power System for NSTX Upgrade SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS AB This The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has been designed and installed in the existing facilities at Princeton Plasma Physic Laboratory (PPPL). Most of the hardware, plant facilities, auxiliary sub-systems, and power systems originally used for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have been used with suitable modifications to reflect NSTX needs. At present, the NSTX power system is feeding thirteen (13) circuits from the Power converters. An upgrade of the NSTX center stack is proposed. This entails a much higher Toroidal Field Current from 71.2kA to 129.8kA, and requires major configuration changes including doubling the number of parallel strings of rectifiers along with associated power loop changes. Also, three additional coils will be installed in the machine. The control and protection of the rectifiers have to be replaced to reflect state of the art features to enhance the performance. This paper describes the details of the proposed Power system for NSTX upgrade. C1 [Ramakrishnan, S.; Neumeyer, C.; Lawson, J.; Mozulay, R.; Baker, E.; Hatcher, R.; Desai, N.; Que, Weiguo; Zhao, Xin] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ramakrishnan, S (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600152 ER PT J AU Roquemore, AL Darrow, DS Medley, SS AF Roquemore, A. L. Darrow, D. S. Medley, S. S. GP IEEE TI ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION OF THE NSTX NEUTRON MONITOR SYSTEM SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE neutron calibration; fission chambers; Spherical tokamak AB NSTX has a complement of six neutron detectors consisting of two fission chambers, one NE-451 ZnS scintillator and 3 plastic BC-400 scintilla tors. The primary purpose of the fission chambers is to provide an absolute calibration of the neutron rate, while the scintillator detectors monitor fast excursion in the neutron yield due for instance, to fast MHO events. Within the last 10 years NSTX has performed 4 separate calibrations of the neutron monitoring system. Initially, a californium neutron source on a long tether was introduced into the vessel through 10 different top ports on NSTX corresponding to 10 of the 12 bays of the vessel. Each of the ports was at the same major radius just slightly larger than the nominal plasma major radius and a point-wise ring source was simulated to perform the calibration. Recently, the fission chambers were relocated to accommodate new equipment and the detector system required recalibration. This most recent calibration employed a commercial G-gauge model train and three different diameter circular tracks to transport the (252)CF neutron source around the midplane of the NSTX vessel. In each of the calibrations, the fission chambers were operated in the pulse counting mode. During plasma operations one of the detectors transitions to the pulse saturated or current mode of operation. To complete the calibration, a series of low performance He discharges heated with one deuterium neutral beam were performed. Neutrons in this case come predominantly from beam-beam reactions. These low-yield discharges produced neutron levels that allowed the FC2 to remain in pulse counting mode while FC1 transitioned into the current mode. This allows a cross calibration to be performed between FC2 in pulse counting mode and FC1 in the current mode. The current mode value is then transferred to each of the four scintillating detectors. The results of the four insitu calibrations are presented. C1 [Roquemore, A. L.; Darrow, D. S.; Medley, S. S.] PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Roquemore, AL (reprint author), PPPL, POB 454, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM lroquemore@pppl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600068 ER PT B AU Titus, PH Woolley, R Hatcher, R AF Titus, Peter H. Woolley, R. Hatcher, R. GP IEEE TI Stress Multipliers for the NSTX Upgrade Digital Coil Protection System SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE component; NSTX; Influence Coefficients; Polidal Field Coils AB Conceptual design of the upgrade to NSTX, explored designs sized to accept the worst loads that power supplies could produce. This produced excessive structures that would have been difficult to install and were much more costly than needed to meet the scenarios required for the upgrade mission. Instead, the project decided to rely on a digital coil protection system (DCPS). Initial sizing was then based on the 96 scenarios in the project design point with some headroom to accommodate operational flexibility and uncertainty. This has allowed coil support concepts that minimize alterations to the existing hardware. The digital coil protection system theory, hardware and software are described in another paper at this conference. The intention of this paper is to describe the generation of stress multipliers, and algorithms that are used to characterize the stresses at key areas in the tokamak, as a function of either loads calculated by the influence coefficients computed in the DCPS software, or directly from the coil currents. C1 [Titus, Peter H.; Woolley, R.; Hatcher, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Titus, PH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ptitus@pppl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600092 ER PT J AU Viola, M Dahlgren, F Heitzenroeder, P Meighan, T Titus, P Anderson, PM Kellman, AG AF Viola, M. Dahlgren, F. Heitzenroeder, P. Meighan, T. Titus, P. Anderson, P. M. Kellman, A. G. GP IEEE TI A Small Rectangular Edge Localized Mode Control Coil Design able to Withstand a 400 degrees C Environment SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE Edge Localized Mode; ELM; Coil; Polyimide; resin AB Recently, an Edge Localized Mode (ELM) control coil was developed for use on the DIII-D tokamak. The coil design represented a significant challenge due primarily to the requirement for the coil insulation to withstand bakeout temperatures of 400 degrees C for extended periods. This requirement ruled out most common organic insulating systems and necessitated a significant prototyping and development effort, leading to the selection of an advanced high temperature glass/polyimide resin system. The development included developing a heating mechanism that provided the discrete temperature ramp cycles and cure cycles required by this exotic resin. To complicate matters, the resin had a limited shelf life. Additionally the coil was small and rectangular in shape with rather small corner radii. This created a corner buildup that was not previously encountered and made dimensional control difficult. Another unique design requirement was the need to apply a sufficient internal pre-load to the wound and cured coil to insure there will be no relative motion between the coil and the Inconel case due to Lorentz forces from the 4 Tesla toroidal field on the vessel center post. This led to development of very unique leaf springs and a significant research and development effort coupled with an equally arduous finite element analysis effort. A satisfactory prototype was produced. This paper will focus primarily on the manufacturing challenges and discuss the prototyping effort. C1 [Viola, M.; Dahlgren, F.; Heitzenroeder, P.; Meighan, T.; Titus, P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Dept Engn, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Anderson, P. M.; Kellman, A. G.] Gen Atom, DIII D Operat, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Viola, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Dept Engn, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM mviola@pppl.gov; Kellman@fusion.gat.com FU US DOE [DEAC02-09CH11466]; Princeton University [DEAC05-000R22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This work is supported by the US DOE Contract No. DEAC02-09CH11466 with Princeton University and No. DEAC05-000R22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600097 ER PT J AU Woolley, RD Titus, PH Neumeyer, CL Hatcher, RE AF Woolley, R. D. Titus, P. H. Neumeyer, C. L. Hatcher, R. E. GP IEEE TI DIGITAL COIL PROTECTION SYSTEM (DCPS) ALGORITHMS FOR THE NSTX CENTERSTACK UPGRADE SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE coils; protection; equipment safety AB A significant upgrade is planned for the National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX) in which plasma current and confining magnetic field intensities will nearly double while plasma duration will more than double. Changes will include replacing the existing centerstack with a new one containing a thicker TF inner Leg, a new OH solenoid coil, and an expansion to six of the complement of PF1 coils controlling plasma divertor shape. Other coils will remain in service with hardware modifications as needed for their approximately three-fold increases in magnetic forces. The new Digital Coil Protection System (DCPS) will avoid the costly need to further upgrade coils and their mechanical supports to withstand control misoperations that could otherwise take them well beyond the operating envelope of critical variables (i.e., forces, stresses and temperatures) actually needed for the new regime of plasma experiments. This improvement would be impossible using the present protective scheme of independent overcurrent trips for each coil circuit which ignores effects of current combinations. In the upgraded NSTX, the DCPS will operate on a fixed cyclic repetition rate fast enough to avoid latency issues, e.g., 1 millisecond, monitoring currents in the plasma, in the OH solenoid coil, in 12 PF coil circuits, and in the TF coil. Its algorithms will calculate in real time the present and projected maximum future values of each critical variable that would be reached if protective action were commanded now, with and without a full plasma disruption event. The DCPS will command the protective action to begin if any such calculated critical value exceeds its operating limit; power supplies are then bypassed by applying zero volts to coil circuit terminals. C1 [Woolley, R. D.; Titus, P. H.; Neumeyer, C. L.; Hatcher, R. E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Woolley, RD (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM woolley@pppl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600067 ER PT J AU Youchison, DL Ulrickson, MA Bullock, JH AF Youchison, D. L. Ulrickson, M. A. Bullock, J. H. GP IEEE TI Thermalhydraulic Optimization of Hypervapotron Geometries for First Wall Applications SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE first wall; hypervapotron; computational fluid dynamics; critical heat flux; two-phase ID ITER AB Plasma disruptions and Edge Localized Modes (ELMS) may result in transient heat fluxes as high as 5 MW/m(2) on portions of the ITER first wall (FW). To accommodate these heat loads, roughly 50% of the first wall will have Enhanced Heat Flux (EHF) panels equipped with water-cooled hypervapotron heat sinks. Recent advances in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enable designers to predict thermal performance even under transient two-phase flow conditions. The challenge is to design a heat sink that operates well under nominal 0.5 MW/m(2) conditions, but still has enough design margin to accommodate off-normal events. In this article, we present the results of a CFD study to investigate the tooth height and backchannel depth of 50-mm-wide hypervapotrons with 3-mm-pitch and 3-mm side slots as proposed for the fingers in the EHF FW panels. The typical EHF panel contains approximately 40 hypervapotron fingers connected to a common manifold. The water inlet temperature is 70 degrees C at a pressure of 2.7 MPa and a mass flow rate of 0.435 kg/s per finger. The heated surface of the CuCrZr hypervapotron fingers are armored with 8-mm-thick beryllium tiles of various areas. The standard design with 4-mm-high teeth and a 5-mm-backchannel is compared to a more optimal case with 2-mm-high teeth and a 3-mm-backchannel under nominal heat loads and single-phase flow conditions. Better heat transfer in the latter case and the smaller backchannel permit a factor of two reduction in the required mass flow while maintaining the same beryllium armor surface temperatures near 130 degrees C. The shallow teeth and smaller back channel allow the 40 fingers in a typical panel to flow in parallel and simplify the water circuit. The two hypervapotron designs are then compared during off-normal loading and two-phase flow. The design with 2-mm teeth has a 3.5% higher beryllium surface temperature of 648 degrees C. This study highlights the necessary compromise between design margin during transient events, effective heat transfer under nominal conditions and the simplicity needed in the water circuit design. C1 [Youchison, D. L.; Ulrickson, M. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Fus Technol Programs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bullock, J. H.] LMATA Govt Serv, Fus Technol Programs, LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Fus Technol Programs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dlyouch@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600088 ER PT J AU Zakharov, LE Putvinski, S Kukushkin, AS Pitts, RA Sugihara, M Maruyama, S Konovalov, SV Lukash, V AF Zakharov, L. E. Putvinski, S. Kukushkin, A. S. Pitts, R. A. Sugihara, M. Maruyama, S. Konovalov, S. V. Lukash, V. GP IEEE TI High Pressure Gas Injection for Suppression of Runaway Electrons in Disruptions SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE tokamak; disruption; runaway electrons; mitigation; gas injection AB A new scheme for suppression of runaway electrons in ITER disruptions is proposed. It is based on maintaining the magnetic perturbations during the entire current quench phase by exciting kink modes using repetitive high pressure gas injection to the plasma edge. The total amount of gas injected is expected to be compatible with the ITER pumping system C1 [Zakharov, L. E.] Princeton Univ, PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Putvinski, S.; Kukushkin, A. S.; Pitts, R. A.; Sugihara, M.; Maruyama, S.] ITER Org, Durance, France. [Konovalov, S. V.; Lukash, V.] RRC Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. RP Zakharov, LE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM zakharov@pppl.gov; Sergei.Putvinski@iter.org NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600017 ER PT J AU Zatz, IJ Neilson, GH Jurczynski, S Mardenfeld, M Lowry, C AF Zatz, I. J. Neilson, G. H. Jurczynski, S. Mardenfeld, M. Lowry, C. GP IEEE TI R & D OF POLYIMIDE INSULATED JET ELM CONTROL COILS FOR OPERATION AT 350 C SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE component; JET; ELM Coils; RMP Coils; polyimide; elevated temperature environment; mechanical testing AB A study has confirmed the feasibility of designing, fabricating and installing resonant magnetic field perturbation (RMP) coils in JET with the objective of controlling edge localized modes (ELM). These coils present several engineering challenges. Conditions in JET necessitate the installation of these coils via remote handling, which will impose weight, dimensional and logistical limitations. And while the encased coils are designed to be conventionally wound and bonded, they will not have the usual benefit of active cooling. Accordingly, coil temperatures are expected to reach 350C during bakeout as well as during plasma operations from resistive heating. These elevated temperatures are beyond the safe operating limits of conventional OFHC copper and the epoxies that bond and insulate the turns of typical coils. This has necessitated the use of an alternative copper alloy conductor C18150 (CuCrZr). More importantly, an alternative to epoxy had to be found. An R&D program was initiated to find the best available insulating and bonding material. The search included polyimides and ceramic polymers. Ultimately, these ELM coils must be able to withstand the elevated thermal conditions as well as the structural stresses resulting from electromagnetic loads, which include eddy current and halo current effects. Not only do these loads affect the performance of the coils and cases, but also impact the design of joints, leads, jumpers, and the mounting of the coils to the interior of the vacuum vessel wall. In order to qualify the proposed insulating and bonding materials, prototypical coil samples were built to the design specifications of the proposed JET ELM coils. These samples were impregnated with polyimide then cured. This paper will detail the R&D program, including the results of testing to determine mechanical properties of the polyimide bonded coil samples. C1 [Zatz, I. J.; Neilson, G. H.; Jurczynski, S.; Mardenfeld, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Lowry, C.] EFDA CSU, Culham Sci Cent, Abingdon, Oxon, England. RP Zatz, IJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM zatz@pppl.gov FU US DOE [DE AC02 09CHl1466] FX This work is supported by the US DOE Contract No. DE AC02 09CHl1466 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600089 ER PT B AU Zolfaghari, A Willard, T Smith, M AF Zolfaghari, A. Willard, T. Smith, M. GP IEEE TI COUPLED MULTIPHYSICS ANALYSIS OF THE TF COIL STRUCTURE IN THE NSTX UPGRADE SO 2011 IEEE/NPSS 24TH SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING (SOFE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, NPSS DE NSTX; tokmak; modeling; multiphysics; TF coils AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is being upgraded to increase plasma current to 2 MA and central toroidal magnetic field to 1 Tesla [1]. The upgrades include a replacement of the centerstack and addition of a second neutral beam. The Inner legs of the TF coil which are at the core of the new larger NSTX upgrade center stack are designed to carry twice the current of the existing TF coils. The inner and outer legs of the TF coil are connected through a set of flexible straps that allow for the thermal growth of the center stack and the out of plane twisting moments in the TF coils. Electromagnetic interaction of the TF, OH and PF coils results in loads on the TF coil structure. The TF flexible straps and structural components of the machine have to withstand these loads. Coupled electromagnetic, thermal and structural analyses were performed. The results of these analyses, which will be presented in detail in this paper, have led to the validation of the design of TF flexible straps and compliance with the requirements of the NSTX structural design criteria. C1 [Zolfaghari, A.; Willard, T.; Smith, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Zolfaghari, A (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-0669-1 PY 2011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BXU79 UT WOS:000297201600154 ER PT S AU Ewh, A Perez, E Keiser, DD Sohn, YH AF Ewh, A. Perez, E. Keiser, D. D., Jr. Sohn, Y. H. BE Ochsner, A Murch, GE Delgado, JMP TI Characterization of Interaction Layer in U-Mo-X (X = Nb, Zr) and U-Nb-Zr vs. Al Diffusion Couples Annealed at 600 degrees C for 10 Hours SO DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS VI, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Defect and Diffusion Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids CY JUL 05-07, 2010 CL Paris, FRANCE DE Fuel-cladding interaction; metallic nuclear fuels; uranium alloys; diffusion AB U-Mo has thus far proven to be one of the most feasible metallic fuel alloys for use in research and test reactors due to its high density and stability during irradiation. However, an adverse diffusional interaction can occur between the fuel alloy and the Al based matrix. This forms an interaction layer (IL) that has undesirable thermal properties and irradiation behavior leading to accelerated swelling and reduced fuel efficiency. This study focused on the effects of ternary alloying additions on the formation of IL between U based alloys and Al. Diffusion couples of U-8Mo-3Nb, U-7Mo-6Zr, and U-10Nb-4Zr (wt.%) vs. pure Al were assembled and annealed at 600 degrees C for 10 hours. Both thickness and phase constituent analyses were performed via electron microscopy. The major phase constituent of the IL was determined to be the UAl3 intermetallic compound. The Nb and Zr alloying additions did not reduce growth rate of IL (1.3 similar to 1.4 mu m/sec(1/2)) as compared to couples made between binary U-Mo and Al (0.9 similar to 1.8 mu m/sec(1/2)). C1 [Ewh, A.; Perez, E.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Keiser, D. D., Jr.] Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Ewh, A (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ashley.ewh@gmail.com; em168604@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu; dennis.keiser@inl.gov; ysohn@mail.ucf.edu RI Paz y Puente, Ashley/M-2022-2015 OI Paz y Puente, Ashley/0000-0001-7108-7164 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC07-05ID14517, 00062267] FX This work was performed with financial support from U.S. Department of Energy (DEAC07-05ID14517) through Subcontract No. 00062267 administered by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC and Idaho National Laboratory. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0386 J9 DEFECT DIFFUS FORUM PY 2011 VL 312-315 BP 1055 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.312-315.1055 PN 1,2 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BXY28 UT WOS:000297606300180 ER PT S AU Chang, L Roberts, CD AF Chang, Lei Roberts, Craig D. BE Ayala, A Contreras, G Leon, I Podesta, P TI Hadron Physics: The Essence of Matter SO XII MEXICAN WORKSHOP ON PARTICLES AND FIELDS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields CY NOV 09-14, 2009 CL Mazatlan, MEXICO SP CONACYT, SMF, UNAM, UAS, UNISON, BAUP, CINVESTAV, UMSNH, UG, UAEH, AMC DE Bethe-Salpeter equations; confinement; dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; Dyson-Schwinger equations; hadron form factors; hadron spectrum; parton distribution functions ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; PION FORM-FACTOR; QUARK BOUND-STATES; LADDER APPROXIMATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; QCD; LIGHT; CONFINEMENT; MESONS; MASSES AB Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) is a remarkably effective mass generating mechanism. It is also, amongst other things, the foundation for a successful application of chiral effective field theories, the origin of constituent-quark masses, and intimately connected with confinement in QCD. Using the Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs), we explain the origin and nature of DCSB, and elucidate some of its consequences, e.g.: a model-independent result for the pion susceptibility; the generation of a quark anomalous chromomagnetic moment, which may explain the longstanding puzzle of the a(1)-rho mass splitting; its impact on the behaviour of the electromagnetic pion form factor - thereby illustrating how data can be used to chart the momentum-dependence of the dressed-quark mass function; in the form of the pion and kaon valence-quark parton distribution functions, and the relation between them; and aspects of the neutron's electromagnetic form factors, in particular F-1(u)/F-1(d) and G(M)(n). We argue that in solving QCD, a constructive feedback between theory and extant and forthcoming experiments will most rapidly enable constraints to be placed on the infrared behaviour of QCD's beta-function, the nonperturbative quantity at the core of hadron physics; and emphasise throughout the role played by confrontation with data as a means of verifying our understanding of Nature. C1 [Chang, Lei] Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Craig D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10705002]; U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U. S. National Science Foundation [PHY-0903991]; CONACyT; Mexico USA collaboration FX We acknowledge valuable input from A. Bashir, I. C. Cloet, J. Gilfoyle, L. X. Gutierrez- Guerrero, A. Kyzylersu, Y.-X. Liu, S. Riordan and P. C. Tandy. CDR thanks the participating staff and students in the Department of Physics, University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, for their assistance and hospitality during the Workshop and the preceding Mini-Courses. This work was supported by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China, contract no. 10705002; the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357; and the U. S. National Science Foundation, under grant no. PHY-0903991, in conjunction with a CONACyT Mexico USA collaboration grant. NR 104 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0919-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1361 BP 91 EP + DI 10.1063/1.3622689 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXF94 UT WOS:000295993300009 ER PT S AU White, S AF White, Sebastian BE Ayala, A Contreras, G Leon, I Podesta, P TI Diffraction at the LHC: a non-technical introduction SO XII MEXICAN WORKSHOP ON PARTICLES AND FIELDS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields CY NOV 09-14, 2009 CL Mazatlan, MEXICO SP CONACYT, SMF, UNAM, UAS, UNISON, BAUP, CINVESTAV, UMSNH, UG, UAEH, AMC ID BEAM PARTICLES; DISSOCIATION; COLLISIONS AB In diffractive interactions of protons or nuclei a violent collision can occur that leaves the forward going particle completely intact -with probability determined by the structure of the proton or nucleus. At very high energies these collisions also occur with both incident particles remaining intact. This is called central exclusive production. If a new particle, such as the Higgs boson, were produced exclusively this process would give a precise measurement of its mass and test for expected properties of the Higgs. Because of its unusual features this process is also a promising discovery tool. In this paper I focus on analogous electromagnetic processes because many aspects apply to both- particularly the role of coherence. Also, topics in diffraction with nuclear beams are based on electromagnetic interactions. I also discuss two proposed measurements in ATLAS with Pb beams and with proton beams (diffractive Higgs production). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0919-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1361 BP 152 EP 167 DI 10.1063/1.3622694 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXF94 UT WOS:000295993300014 ER PT S AU Morfin, JG AF Morfin, Jorge G. BE Ayala, A Contreras, G Leon, I Podesta, P TI Nuclear Effects in Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions and the MINERvA Neutrino Nucleus Scattering Program SO XII MEXICAN WORKSHOP ON PARTICLES AND FIELDS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields CY NOV 09-14, 2009 CL Mazatlan, MEXICO SP CONACYT, SMF, UNAM, UAS, UNISON, BAUP, CINVESTAV, UMSNH, UG, UAEH, AMC DE neutrino; nuclear effects AB Nuclear effects of charged current deep inelastic neutrino-iron scattering have been studied in the frame-work of a chi(2) analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs)(1). A set of iron PDFs have been extracted which are then used to compute x(Bj)-dependent and Q(2)-dependent nuclear correction factors for iron structure functions which are required in global analyses of free nucleon PDFs. Upon comparing our results with nuclear correction factors from neutrino-nucleus scattering models and correction factors for l(+/-)-iron scattering we find that, except for very high x(Bj), our correction factors differ in both shape and magnitude from the correction factors of the models and charged-lepton scattering. The MINERvA neutrino-nucleus scattering experiment at Fermi lab, will systematically study neutrino nuclear effects off of He, C, Fe and Pb for a more thorough A-dependent study of nuclear PDFs and these correction factors. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Morfin, JG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0919-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1361 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1063/1.3622704 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXF94 UT WOS:000295993300024 ER PT S AU Roberts, HLL Richards, D Thomas, C AF Roberts, H. L. L. Richards, David Thomas, Christopher BE Ayala, A Contreras, G Leon, I Podesta, P TI Using a New Smearing Technique to Find Moments of the Quark Distribution Amplitude of the Pion SO XII MEXICAN WORKSHOP ON PARTICLES AND FIELDS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields CY NOV 09-14, 2009 CL Mazatlan, MEXICO SP CONACYT, SMF, UNAM, UAS, UNISON, BAUP, CINVESTAV, UMSNH, UG, UAEH, AMC DE Lattice QCD; Quark Distribution Amplitude; Pion Momentum Distribution ID LATTICE QCD AB We study the distribution of momentum between valence quarks of the ground state and the first excited state of the pion using Lattice QCD on the anisotropic lattice. Our final goal is to extract the second moment of distribution amplitudes of the ground state and first excited state of the pion for exclusive processes at high momentum transfer. At this stage of the project, we can compute the ground state pion decay constant in a lattice renormalization scheme up to an overall normalization constant. We employ a variational technique that will allow us to determine the decay constant and second moment of the distribution amplitude of the first excited state of the pion also. We use a new smearing technique in order to minimize pollution of the data from higher-lying excited states. The anisotropy of the lattice is a novel feature of our approach, and strongly increases sensitivity to excited states through a better temporal resolution. C1 [Roberts, H. L. L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Richards, David; Thomas, Christopher] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Roberts, HLL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU SULI program at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory; Department of Energy FX This work was completed as part of a SULI program at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory with funding provided by the Department of Energy. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0919-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1361 BP 420 EP + DI 10.1063/1.3622745 PG 2 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXF94 UT WOS:000295993300065 ER PT J AU Doktycz, MJ Sullivan, CJ Mortensen, NP Allison, DP AF Doktycz, Mitchel J. Sullivan, Claretta J. Mortensen, Ninell Pollas Allison, David P. BE Dufrene, Y TI MICROBIAL CELL IMAGING USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY SO LIFE AT THE NANOSCALE: ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY OF LIVE CELLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LIVE BACTERIAL-CELLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; NANOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; SURFACE ULTRASTRUCTURE; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION; RECOGNITION EVENTS; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; LIVING BACTERIA C1 [Doktycz, Mitchel J.; Mortensen, Ninell Pollas; Allison, David P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Nanoscale Syst Grp, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sullivan, Claretta J.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Surg, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. [Mortensen, Ninell Pollas; Allison, David P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Doktycz, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Nanoscale Syst Grp, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM doktyczmj@ornl.gov NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-9-81426-797-7 PY 2011 BP 45 EP 70 D2 10.4032/9789814267977 PG 26 WC Cell Biology; Microscopy SC Cell Biology; Microscopy GA BXV03 UT WOS:000297211500004 ER PT J AU Malkin, AJ AF Malkin, Alexander J. BE Dufrene, Y TI RESOLVING THE HIGH-RESOLUTION ARCHITECTURE, ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTIONAL REPERTOIRE OF BACTERIAL SYSTEMS BY IN VITRO ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY SO LIFE AT THE NANOSCALE: ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY OF LIVE CELLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLOSTRIDIUM-NOVYI-NT; SUBTILIS SPORE COAT; X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ARTHROBACTER-OXYDANS; STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS; SPIRAL GROWTH; PROTEIN; MORPHOLOGY; SURFACES C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Malkin, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM malkin1@llnl.gov NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-9-81426-797-7 PY 2011 BP 71 EP 97 D2 10.4032/9789814267977 PG 27 WC Cell Biology; Microscopy SC Cell Biology; Microscopy GA BXV03 UT WOS:000297211500005 ER PT S AU Huang, LJ Labyed, Y Simonetti, F Williamson, M Rosenberg, R Heintz, P Sandoval, D AF Huang, Lianjie Labyed, Yassin Simonetti, Francesco Williamson, Michael Rosenberg, Robert Heintz, Philip Sandoval, Daniel BE Dhooge, J Doyley, MM TI High-resolution imaging with a real-time synthetic aperture ultrasound system: A phantom study SO MEDICAL IMAGING 2011: ULTRASONIC IMAGING, TOMOGRAPHY, AND THERAPY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Imaging - Ultrasonic Imaging, Tomography, and Therapy CY FEB 13-14, 2011 CL Lake Buena Vista, FL SP SPIE, Dynasil Corp/RMD Res, AAPM - Amer Assoc Physicists Med, DQE Instruments, Inc, Ocean Thin Films, Inc, Univ Cent Florida, CREOL - Coll Opt & Photon, VIDA Diagnost, Inc DE Small targets; sound speed; synthetic aperture ultrasound; ultrasound imaging ID MICROCALCIFICATIONS AB It is difficult for ultrasound to image small targets such as breast microcalcifications. Synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging has recently developed as a promising tool to improve the capabilities of medical ultrasound. We use two different tissue-equivalent phantoms to study the imaging capabilities of a real-time synthetic aperture ultrasound system for imaging small targets. The InnerVision ultrasound system DAS009 is an investigational system for real-time synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging. We use the system to image the two phantoms, and compare the images with those obtained from clinical scanners Acuson Sequoia 512 and Siemens S2000. Our results show that synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging produces images with higher resolution and less image artifacts than Acuson Sequoia 512 and Siemens S2000. In addition, we study the effects of sound speed on synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging and demonstrate that an accurate sound speed is very important for imaging small targets. C1 [Huang, Lianjie; Labyed, Yassin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, LJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ljh@lanl.gov OI Simonetti, Francesco/0000-0001-8772-0323 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-510-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 7968 AR 79681I DI 10.1117/12.878767 PG 10 WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BXL94 UT WOS:000296332300052 ER PT S AU Aidala, CA AF Aidala, Christine A. CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Cross section and double-helicity asymmetry in charged hadron production in p plus p collisions at root s=62.4 GeV at PHENIX SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB The cross section and double-helicity asymmetry for production of non-identified positive and negative charged hadrons at midrapidity in p + p collisions at root s = 62.4 GeV have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for a transverse momentum range of 0.5-4.5 GeV/c. The cross section measurements are compared to next-to-leading order and next-to-leading log perturbative QCD calculations, providing information on the applicability of these calculation techniques in the measured kinematic range. The double-helicity asymmetry measurement at this moderate energy provides sensitivity to Delta G, the gluon spin contribution to the spin of the proton, up to modestly larger values of the gluon momentum fraction than previous RHIC measurements at 200 GeV. C1 [Aidala, Christine A.; PHENIX Collaboration] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Aidala, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM caidala@bnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012093 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012093 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400018 ER PT S AU Bai, M Dawson, C Makdisi, Y Meng, W Meot, F Oddo, P Pai, C Pile, P Roser, T AF Bai, M. Dawson, C. Makdisi, Y. Meng, W. Meot, F. Oddo, P. Pai, C. Pile, P. Roser, T. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider spin flipper commissioning plan SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB The commissioning of the RHIC spin flipper in the RHIC Blue ring during the RHIC polarized proton run in 2009 showed the detrimental effects of global vertical coherent betatron oscillation induced by the 2-AC dipole plus 4-DC dipole configuration [1]. This global orbital coherent oscillation of the RHIC beam in the Blue ring in the presence of collision modulated the beam-beam interaction between the two RHIC beams and affected Yellow beam lifetime. The experimental data at injection with different spin tunes by changing the snake current also demonstrated that it was not possible to induce a single isolated spin resonance with the global vertical coherent betatron oscillation excited by the two AC dipoles. Hence, RHIC spin flipper was re-designed to eliminate the coherent vertical betatron oscillation outside the spin flipper by adding three additional AC dipoles. This paper presents the experimental results as well as the new design. C1 [Bai, M.; Dawson, C.; Makdisi, Y.; Meng, W.; Meot, F.; Oddo, P.; Pai, C.; Pile, P.; Roser, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bai, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mbai@bnl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012162 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012162 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400088 ER PT S AU Bai, M Ahrens, L Alekseev, IG Alessi, J Courant, E Drees, A Fischer, W Gardner, C Gill, R Glenn, J Huang, H Litvinenko, V Luccio, A Luo, Y Pilat, F MacKay, WW Makdisi, Y Marusic, A Minty, M Montag, C Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Svirida, D Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D Tsoupas, N Zelenski, A Zeno, K Zhang, SY AF Bai, M. Ahrens, L. Alekseev, I. G. Alessi, J. Courant, E. Drees, A. Fischer, W. Gardner, C. Gill, R. Glenn, J. Huang, H. Litvinenko, V. Luccio, A. Luo, Y. Pilat, F. MacKay, W. W. Makdisi, Y. Marusic, A. Minty, M. Montag, C. Ptitsyn, V. Roser, T. Svirida, D. Satogata, T. Tepikian, S. Trbojevic, D. Tsoupas, N. Zelenski, A. Zeno, K. Zhang, S. Y. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Observation of snake resonances at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB The Siberian snakes are powerful tools in preserving polarization in high energy accelerators has been demonstrated at the Brookhaven Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Equipped with two full Siberian snakes in each ring, polarization is preserved during acceleration from injection to 100 GeV. However, the Siberian snakes also introduce a new set of depolarization resonances, i.e. snake resonances as first discoverd by Lee and Tepikian [1]. The intrinsic spin resonances above 100 GeV are about a factor of two stronger than those below 100 GeV which raises the challenge to preserve the polarization up to 250 GeV. In 2009, polarized protons collided for the first time at the RHIC design store energy of 250 GeV. This paper presents the experimental measurements of snake resonances at RHIC. The plan for avoiding these resonanances is also presented. C1 [Bai, M.; Ahrens, L.; Alessi, J.; Courant, E.; Drees, A.; Fischer, W.; Gardner, C.; Gill, R.; Glenn, J.; Huang, H.; Litvinenko, V.; Luccio, A.; Luo, Y.; Pilat, F.; MacKay, W. W.; Makdisi, Y.; Marusic, A.; Minty, M.; Montag, C.; Ptitsyn, V.; Roser, T.; Satogata, T.; Tepikian, S.; Tsoupas, N.; Zelenski, A.; Zeno, K.; Zhang, S. Y.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bai, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mbai@bnl.gov RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012142 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012142 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400067 ER PT S AU Bazilevsky, A Alekseev, I Aschenauer, E Atoyan, G Bravar, A Bunce, G Boyle, K Gill, R Huang, H Lee, S Makdisi, Y Morozov, B Nakagawa, I Okada, H Svirida, D Zelenski, A AF Bazilevsky, A. Alekseev, I. Aschenauer, E. Atoyan, G. Bravar, A. Bunce, G. Boyle, K. Gill, R. Huang, H. Lee, S. Makdisi, Y. Morozov, B. Nakagawa, I. Okada, H. Svirida, D. Zelenski, A. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Measurements of the energy dependence of the analyzing power in pp elastic scattering in the CNI region SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID A(N) AB We present new measurements of the analyzing power A(N) in proton-proton elastic scattering in the Coulomb-Nuclear Interference region at root s=7.7 and 21.7 GeV obtained with the polarized atomic hydrogen jet target at RHIC. These measurements complement our earlier results at root s=6.8 and 13.7 GeV confirming the presence of a hadronic helicity flip amplitude contribution in proton-proton elastic scattering at lower energies (root s <8 GeV), while higher energy data (root s >13 GeV) are consistent with no hadronic helicity flip contribution. C1 [Bazilevsky, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bazilevsky, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM shura@bnl.gov RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012096 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012096 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400021 ER PT S AU Liu, MX Jiang, X Crabb, DG Chen, JP Bai, M AF Liu, M. X. Jiang, X. Crabb, D. G. Chen, J. P. Bai, M. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Prospects of polarized fixed target Drell-Yan experiments SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; SINGLE-SPIN; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ASYMMETRIES; GAUGE AB It has been proposed that the Siverse transverse single spin asymmetry in Drell-Yan production in transversely polarized p+p collisions would have an opposite sign compared to what has been observed in the polarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) experiments. Experimental confirmation or disproval of this prediction would provide a novel fundamental test of QCD and shed new light on our theoretical understanding of the transverse spin physics phenomena. We discuss the prospects and physics sensitivities of polarized fixed target Drell-Yan experiments that could utilize the existing proton and other hadron beams at Fermi lab, and polarized proton beams at RHIC with a polarized solid proton and/or neutron target option. We show that if realized, the new experiments would provide critical measurements of not only the sign change (or not) of Sivers functions, but also the information of quark and antiquark's Sivers distributions over a wide kinematic range. C1 [Liu, M. X.; Jiang, X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, MX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mliu@lanl.gov OI Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012164 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012164 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400090 ER PT S AU Makdisi, Y Alekseev, I Aschenauer, E Atoian, G Bazilevsky, A Gill, R Huang, H Morozov, B Svirida, D Yip, K Zelenski, A AF Makdisi, Y. Alekseev, I. Aschenauer, E. Atoian, G. Bazilevsky, A. Gill, R. Huang, H. Morozov, B. Svirida, D. Yip, K. Zelenski, A. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Studies and proposed changes to the RHIC p-Carbon polarimeters for the upcoming RUN-11 SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB The RHIC polarized proton complex utilizes polarimeters in each of the Blue and Yellow beams that measure the beam polarization through the p-Carbon elastic scattering process in the Coulomb Nuclear Interference kinematic region. This along with a Polarized Hydrogen Jet Target that utilizes the proton-proton elastic scattering process to first measure the analyzing power of the reaction and using the reverse process to measure the beam polarization. The latter is used to calibrate the p-Carbon polarimeters at the desired beam energy. In Run 9 RHIC ran with beams at center-of-mass energies of 200 and 500 GeV respectively. The higher beam intensities as well as the fact that the 250 GeV beam size is much smaller than that at 100 GeV resulted in significantly higher rates seen by the polarimeters and led to observed instability. In this paper, we will discuss the problems encountered and the tests that were carried out using the AGS as a proxy in an attempt to solve the problems and the path forward we took towards the upcoming polarized proton Run 11. C1 [Makdisi, Y.; Aschenauer, E.; Atoian, G.; Bazilevsky, A.; Gill, R.; Huang, H.; Morozov, B.; Yip, K.; Zelenski, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Makdisi, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM makdisi@bnl.gov RI Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012130 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012130 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400055 ER PT S AU Wojtsekhowski, B AF Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Antiproton beam polarizer using a dense polarized target SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH ID INTERNAL GAS-TARGET; P(P)OVER-BAR INTERACTION; SCATTERING; PROTONS AB We describe considerations regarding the spin filtering method for an antiproton beam. The proposed investigation of the double polarization cross section for antiproton to nucleon interaction is outlined. It will use a single path of an antiproton beam through a dense polarized target, e.g. (3)He or CH(2), followed by a polarimeter. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wojtsekhowski, B (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM bogdanw@jlab.org NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012128 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012128 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400053 ER PT S AU Zelenski, A Atoian, G Davydenko, V Ivanov, A Kolmogorov, A Ritter, J Steski, D Zubets, V AF Zelenski, A. Atoian, G. Davydenko, V. Ivanov, A. Kolmogorov, A. Ritter, J. Steski, D. Zubets, V. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI The RHIC polarized source upgrade SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB The RHIC polarized if ion source is being upgraded to higher intensity (5-10 mA) and polarization for use in the RHIC polarization physics program at enhanced luminosity RHIC operation. The higher beam peak intensity will allow reduction of the transverse beam emittance at injection to AGS to reduce polarization losses in AGS. There is also a planned RHIC luminosity upgrade by using the electron beam lens to compensate the beam-beam interaction at collision points. This upgrade is also essential for future BNL plans for a high-luminosity electron - proton (ion) Collider eRHIC. C1 [Zelenski, A.; Atoian, G.; Ritter, J.; Steski, D.; Zubets, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zelenski, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zelenski@bnl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012147 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012147 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400073 ER PT S AU Zelenski, A Atoian, G Bogdanov, A Raparia, D Runtso, M Stephenson, E AF Zelenski, A. Atoian, G. Bogdanov, A. Raparia, D. Runtso, M. Stephenson, E. BE Rathmann, F Stroher, H Gebel, R Hanhart, C Kacharava, A Lehrach, A Lorentz, B Nikolaev, NN Nogga, A TI Precision, absolute proton polarization measurements at 200 MeV beam energy SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL SPIN PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (SPIN2010), PT 2 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2010) CY SEP 27-OCT 02, 2010 CL Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, GERMANY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Forschungszentrum Julich, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Helmholtz Assoc, Virtual Inst Spin & Strong QCD HO Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH AB A new polarimeter for absolute proton beam polarization measurements at 200 MeV to accuracy better than +/-0.5% has been developed as a part of the RHIC polarized source upgrade. The polarimeter is based on the elastic proton-carbon scattering at 16.2 degrees angle, where the analyzing power is close to 100% and was measured with high accuracy. The elastically and in-elastically scattered protons are clearly identified by the difference in the propagation through variable copper absorber and energy deposition of the protons in the detectors. The elastic scattering polarimeter was used for calibration of a high rate inclusive 12 degrees polarimer for the on-line polarization tuning and monitoring. This technique can be used for accurate polarization measurements in energy range of at least 160-250 MeV. C1 [Zelenski, A.; Atoian, G.; Raparia, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11967 USA. RP Zelenski, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11967 USA. EM zelenski@bnl.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 295 AR 012132 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012132 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BXT74 UT WOS:000297031400057 ER PT J AU Gao, WZ Wang, XY Muljadi, E AF Gao, Wenzhong Wang, Xiaoyu Muljadi, Eduard GP IEEE TI Probability-Based Method for Power Capacity Specification of Wind Energy Storage Systems SO 2011 6TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS (ICIEA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA) CY JUN 21-23, 2011 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Elect Soc (IES), IEEE Beijing Sect, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, HiRain Technol, Beijing Techshine Technol Co Ltd, Beijing Smartmot Syst Technol Inc, Beijing Zhong Ke Fan Hua M&C Technol Co Ltd, IEEE Ind Elect (IE), Chapter, Beihang Univ (BUAA), PANSINO DE Battery energy storage system; hybrid energy storage system; non-parametric probability density estimation; super-capacitor; wind power fluctuation AB To accommodate the wind power fluctuation, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of battery energy system (BESS) and super-capacitor is adopted in this paper. A probability-based power capacity specification approach is proposed in this paper. Through this method the capacities of BESS and super-capacitor are properly designed to bridge the characteristics of high energy density of BESS and the characteristics of high power density of super-capacitor. Comparing to BESS for accommodating wind power fluctuations, HESS is more cost-effective due to the extension of BESS lifetime. The super-capacitor can handle the peaks in wind power fluctuations without the severe penalty of round trip losses associated with a BESS. The proposed approach has been verified based on the real wind data from an existing wind power plant. C1 [Gao, Wenzhong; Wang, Xiaoyu] Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Muljadi, Eduard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gao, WZ (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. EM Wenzhong.Gao@du.edu; Xiaoyu.Wang@du.edu; Eduard.Muljadi@nrel.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-8755-4 PY 2011 BP 2050 EP 2055 PG 6 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BXG37 UT WOS:000296062500390 ER PT S AU Zhang, P Lau, YY Tang, W Gomez, MR French, DM Zier, JC Gilgenbach, RM AF Zhang, Peng Lau, Y. Y. Tang, W. Gomez, M. R. French, D. M. Zier, J. C. Gilgenbach, R. M. GP IEEE TI Contact Resistance with Dissimilar Materials: Bulk Contacts and Thin Film Contacts SO 2011 IEEE 57TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS SE Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 57th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts CY SEP 11-14, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc (CPMT) DE contact resistance; electrical contacts; contact potential; thin films; dissimilar materials; constriction resistance; spreading resistance AB Contact resistance is important to integrated circuits and thin film devices, carbon nanotube based cathodes and interconnects, field emitters, wire-array z-pinches, metal-insulator-vacuum junctions, and high power microwave sources, etc. In other applications, the electrical contacts are formed by thin film structures of a few microns thickness, such as in micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) relays and microconnector systems. This paper summarizes the recent modeling efforts at the University of Michigan, addressing the effect of dissimilar materials and of finite dimensions on the contact resistance of both bulk contacts and thin film contacts. The Cartesian and cylindrical geometries are analyzed. Accurate analytical scaling laws are constructed for the contact resistance of both bulk contacts and thin film contacts over a large range of aspect ratios and resistivity ratios. These were validated against known limiting cases and spot-checks with numerical simulations. C1 [Zhang, Peng; Lau, Y. Y.; Gilgenbach, R. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zhang, Peng; Tang, W.; French, D. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Gomez, M. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zier, J. C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Zhang, P (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. EM yylau@umich.edu RI Zhang, Peng/C-8257-2011 OI Zhang, Peng/0000-0003-0606-6855 FU AFOSR grant on the Basic Physics of Distributed Plasma Discharges; L-3 Communications Electron Device Division; Northrop-Grumman Corporation; University of Michigan Institute for Plasma Science and Engineering FX This work was supported by an AFOSR grant on the Basic Physics of Distributed Plasma Discharges, L-3 Communications Electron Device Division, and Northrop-Grumman Corporation. Two of us (PZ and DMF) gratefully acknowledge a fellowship from the University of Michigan Institute for Plasma Science and Engineering. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-6808 BN 978-1-61284-648-4 J9 ELECTR CONTACT PY 2011 DI 10.1109/HOLM.2011.6034777 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BXU61 UT WOS:000297131500005 ER PT S AU Tumeo, A Secchi, S Villa, O AF Tumeo, Antonino Secchi, Simone Villa, Oreste BE Berekovic, M Fornaciari, W Brinkschulte, U Silvano, C TI Experiences with String Matching on the Fermi Architecture SO ARCHITECTURE OF COMPUTING SYSTEMS - ARCS 2011 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems CY FEB 24-25, 2011 CL Politecnico Milano, Como Campus, Como, ITALY HO Politecnico Milano, Como Campus ID PROCESSORS AB String matching is a computationally intensive procedure which poses significant challenges on current software and hardware implementations. In this paper we present an efficient implementation of the Aho-Corasick string matching algorithm on Graphic Processing Units (GPUs), showing how we progressively redesigned the algorithm and the data structures to fit on the architecture. We then evaluate the implementation on single and multiple Testa C2050 (T20 "Fermi" based) boards, comparing them to the previous Tesla C1060 (T10 based) solutions and equivalent multi-core implementations on x86 CPUs. We discuss the various tradeoffs of the different architectures. C1 [Tumeo, Antonino; Secchi, Simone; Villa, Oreste] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tumeo, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM antonino.tumeo@pnl.gov; simone.secchi@pnl.gov; oreste.villa@pnl.gov RI Tumeo, Antonino/L-3106-2016 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-19136-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6566 BP 26 EP 37 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BXR39 UT WOS:000296828800003 ER PT S AU Swenson, KM Chen, E Pattengale, ND Sankoff, D AF Swenson, Krister M. Chen, Eric Pattengale, Nicholas D. Sankoff, David BE Chen, J Wang, JX Zelikovsky, A TI The Kernel of Maximum Agreement Subtrees SO BIOINFORMATICS RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS SE Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Bioinformatics Research and Applications (ISBRA) CY MAY 27-29, 2011 CL Cent S Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA HO Cent S Univ ID CONSENSUS TREES; PROTEOBACTERIA; INFORMATION; MODEL AB A Maximum Agreement SubTree (MAST) is a largest subtree common to a set of trees and serves as a summary of common substructure in the trees. A single MAST can be misleading, however, since there can be an exponential number of MASTs, and two MASTs for the same tree set do not even necessarily share any leaves. In this paper we introduce the notion of the Kernel Agreement Sub Tree (KAST), which is the summary of the common substructure in all MASTs, and show that it can be calculated in polynomial time (for trees with bounded degree). Suppose the input trees represent competing hypotheses for a particular phylogeny. We show the utility of the KAST as a method to discern the common structure of confidence, and as a measure of how confident we are in a given tree set. C1 [Swenson, Krister M.; Sankoff, David] Univ Ottawa, Dept Math & Stat, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Chen, Eric] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Swenson, Krister M.] UQAM, LaCIM, Quebec City, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Pattengale, Nicholas D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Swenson, KM (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Math & Stat, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-21259-8 J9 LECT N BIOINFORMAT JI Lect. Notes Bioinforma. PY 2011 VL 6674 BP 123 EP + PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Computer Science, Information Systems; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BXP90 UT WOS:000296688700015 ER PT S AU Liu, ZP Xu, SL Yoder, DW Fischetti, RF AF Liu, Zunping Xu, Shenglan Yoder, Derek W. Fischetti, Robert F. BE Koshel, RJ Gregory, GG TI Simulation and optimization of a sub-micron beam for macromolecular crystallography using SHADOW and XOP at GM/CA CAT at the APS SO NOVEL OPTICAL SYSTEMS DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Novel Optical Systems Design and Optimization XIV CY AUG 22, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Sub-micron beamline; ray tracing; optimization; simulation AB The small, high intensity and low convergence beams available on beamlines at 3(rd) generation synchrotron sources have been a boon to macromolecular crystallography. It is now becoming routine to solve structures using a beam in the 5 - 20 micron (FWHM) range. However, many problems in structural biology suffer from poor S/N due to small (a few microns) crystals or larger inhomogenous crystals. In additional, theoretical calculations and experimental results have demonstrated that radiation damage may be reduced by using a micron-sized X-ray beam. At GM/CA CAT we are developing a sub-micron, low convergence beam to address these issues. The sub-micron beam capability will be developed on the existing beamline 23ID-D where the minimum beam size available to users is currently 5 microns in diameter. The target goals are a beam size of similar to 0.8 micron (FWHM) in diameter, with a beam convergence of less 0.6 milli-rads, a flux greater than 5x10(10) photons/sec, and an energy range from 5 to 35 keV. Five optical systems will be compared: 1) a single set of highly demagnifying Kirkpatrick-Baez (K-B) mirrors, 2) multiple Fresnel Zone Plates (FZP), 3) a set of K-B mirrors focusing to a secondary source that is imaged by another set of K-B mirrors, 4) a set of K-B mirrors focusing to a secondary source that is imaged by a FZP, 5) a horizontal focusing mirror focusing to a secondary source that is imaged by another horizontal mirror together with a vertical focusing mirror. Here we will present the results of a design optimization based on ray trace simulations (SHADOW), flux calculations (XOP), and experimental results on 23ID. C1 [Liu, Zunping; Xu, Shenglan; Yoder, Derek W.; Fischetti, Robert F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, GM CA CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fischetti, RF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, GM CA CAT, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zpliu@anl.gov; rfischetti@anl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-739-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8129 AR 81290E DI 10.1117/12.894173 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BXL72 UT WOS:000296319100013 ER PT S AU Whitney, P White, A Walsh, S Dalton, A Brothers, A AF Whitney, Paul White, Amanda Walsh, Stephen Dalton, Angela Brothers, Alan BE Salerno, J Yang, SJ Nau, D Chai, SK TI Bayesian Networks for Social Modeling SO SOCIAL COMPUTING, BEHAVIORAL-CULTURAL MODELING AND PREDICTION SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling and Prediction CY MAR 29-31, 2011 CL Coll Pk, MD DE Social modeling; calibration; validation; diagnostics; expert elicitation; evidence assessment AB This paper describes a body of work developed over the past five years. The work addresses the use of Bayesian network (BN) models for representing and predicting social/organizational behaviors. The topics covered include model construction, validation, and use. These topics show the bulk of the lifetime of such model, beginning with construction, moving to validation and other aspects of model "critiquing", and finally demonstrating how the modeling approach might be used to inform policy analysis. The primary benefits of using a well-developed computational, mathematical, and statistical modeling structure, such as BN, are 1) there are significant computational, theoretical and capability bases on which to build 2) the ability to empirically critique the model, and potentially evaluate competing models for a social/behavioral phenomenon. C1 [Whitney, Paul; White, Amanda; Walsh, Stephen; Dalton, Angela; Brothers, Alan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Whitney, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM paul.whitney@pnl.gov; amanda.white@pnl.gov; tephen.walsh@pnl.gov; angela.dalton@pnl.gov; alan.brothers@pnl.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-19655-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6589 BP 227 EP 235 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BXT86 UT WOS:000297039300033 ER PT S AU Sanfilippo, A Butner, S Cowell, A Dalton, A Haack, J Kreyling, S Riensche, R White, A Whitney, P AF Sanfilippo, Antonio Butner, Scott Cowell, Andrew Dalton, Angela Haack, Jereme Kreyling, Sean Riensche, Rick White, Amanda Whitney, Paul BE Salerno, J Yang, SJ Nau, D Chai, SK TI Technosocial Predictive Analytics for Illicit Nuclear Trafficking SO SOCIAL COMPUTING, BEHAVIORAL-CULTURAL MODELING AND PREDICTION SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling and Prediction CY MAR 29-31, 2011 CL Coll Pk, MD DE Illicit trafficking; nuclear proliferation; predictive analytics; modeling; knowledge management; analytical gaming; decision making AB Illicit nuclear trafficking networks arc a national security threat. These networks can directly lead to nuclear proliferation, as state or non-state actors attempt to identify and acquire nuclear weapons-related expertise, technologies, components, and materials. The ability to characterize and anticipate the key nodes, transit routes, and exchange mechanisms associated with these networks is essential to influence, disrupt, interdict or destroy the function of the networks and their processes. The complexities inherent to the characterization and anticipation of illicit nuclear trafficking networks requires that a variety of modeling and knowledge technologies be jointly harnessed to construct an effective analytical and decision making workflow in which specific case studies can be built in reasonable time and with realistic effort. In this paper, we explore a solution to this challenge that integrates evidentiary and dynamic modeling with knowledge management and analytical gaming, and demonstrate its application to a geopolitical region at risk. C1 [Sanfilippo, Antonio; Butner, Scott; Cowell, Andrew; Dalton, Angela; Haack, Jereme; Kreyling, Sean; Riensche, Rick; White, Amanda; Whitney, Paul] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sanfilippo, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM antonio@pnl.gov; scott.butner@pnl.gov; andrew@pnl.gov; angela.dalton@pnl.gov; jereme@pnl.gov; sean.kreyling@pnl.gov; rmr@pnl.gov; amanda@pnl.gov; paul.whitney@pnl.gov RI Sanfilippo, Antonio/B-6743-2016 OI Sanfilippo, Antonio/0000-0001-7097-4562 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-19655-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6589 BP 374 EP 381 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BXT86 UT WOS:000297039300051 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Jiang, T Jiang, DE Jin, ZH Henderson, D AF Wu, Jianzhong Jiang, Tao Jiang, De-en Jin, Zhehui Henderson, Douglas TI A classical density functional theory for interfacial layering of ionic liquids SO SOFT MATTER LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; PRIMITIVE-MODEL ELECTROLYTE; HYPERNETTED-CHAIN APPROXIMATION; FUNDAMENTAL-MEASURE-THEORY; MONTE-CARLO; DIFFERENTIAL CAPACITANCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SURFACE; SOLVENT; SIMULATIONS AB Ionic liquids have attracted much recent theoretical interest for broad applications as environmentally-friendly solvents in separation and electrochemical processes. Because of the intrinsic complexity of organic ions and strong electrostatic correlations, the electrochemical properties of ionic liquids often defy the descriptions of conventional mean-field methods including the venerable, and over-used, Gouy-Chapman-Stern (GCS) theory. Classical density functional theory (DFT) has proven to be useful in previous studies of the electrostatic properties of aqueous electrolytes but until recently it has not been applied to ionic liquids. Here we report predictions from the DFT on the interfacial properties of ionic liquids near neutral or charged surfaces. By considering the molecular size, topology, and electrostatic correlations, we have examined major factors responsible for the unique features of electric-double layers of ionic-liquid including formation of long-range and alternating structures of cations and anions at charged surfaces. C1 [Wu, Jianzhong; Jiang, Tao; Jin, Zhehui] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wu, Jianzhong; Jiang, Tao; Jin, Zhehui] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Math, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Jiang, Tao] Calif Energy Commiss, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Henderson, Douglas] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM jwu@engr.ucr.edu; deen.jiang@gmail.com; doug@chem.byu.edu RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Wu, Jianzhong/I-5164-2013; Jin, Zhehui/G-5522-2014; OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Wu, Jianzhong/0000-0002-4582-5941 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-CBET-0852353]; Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, and Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ERKCC61] FX This work was motivated by discussions with Harald Reichert when ref. 8 was published. For financial support, we are grateful to the National Science Foundation (NSF-CBET-0852353). D. J. was supported as part of Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, and Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number ERKCC61. This research also used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). NR 70 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 10 U2 72 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1744-683X J9 SOFT MATTER JI Soft Matter PY 2011 VL 7 IS 23 BP 11222 EP 11231 DI 10.1039/c1sm06089a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 848DP UT WOS:000297029500025 ER PT S AU Schoenwald, DA Munoz, K McLendon, WC Russo, TV AF Schoenwald, David A. Munoz, Karina McLendon, William C. Russo, Thomas V. GP IEEE TI The Use of Electric Circuit Simulation for Power Grid Dynamics SO 2011 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUN 29-JUL 01, 2011 CL San Fransisco, CA SP Boeing, Bosch, Corning, Eaton, GE Global Res, Honeywell, Lockheed Martin, MathWorks, Natl Instruments, NT-MDT, United Technol AB Traditional grid models for large-scale simulations assume linear and quasi-static behavior allowing very simple models of the systems. In this paper, a scalable electric circuit simulation capability is presented that can capture a significantly higher degree of fidelity including transient dynamic behavior of the grid as well as allowing scaling to a regional and national level grid. A test case presented uses simple models, e. g. generators, transformers, transmission lines, and loads, but with the scalability feature it can be extended to include more advanced non-linear detailed models. The use of this scalable electric circuit simulator will provide the ability to conduct large-scale transient stability analysis as well as grid level planning as the grid evolves with greater degrees of penetration of renewables, power electronics, storage, distributed generation, and micro-grids. C1 [Schoenwald, David A.; Munoz, Karina; McLendon, William C.; Russo, Thomas V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Schoenwald, DA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM daschoe@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4577-0081-1 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2011 BP 1151 EP 1156 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BWZ06 UT WOS:000295376001110 ER PT S AU Lin, WC Garcia, HE Yoo, TS AF Lin, Wen-Chiao Garcia, Humberto E. Yoo, Tae-Sic GP IEEE TI Selecting Observation Platforms for Optimized Anomaly Detectability under Unreliable Partial Observations SO 2011 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUN 29-JUL 01, 2011 CL San Francisco, CA SP Boeing, Bosch, Corning, Eaton, GE Global Res, Honeywell, Lockheed Martin, MathWorks, Natl Instruments, NT-MDT, United Technol ID DISCRETE-EVENT SYSTEMS; SENSOR SELECTION; DIAGNOSIS; DIAGNOSABILITY AB Diagnosers for keeping track on the occurrences of special events in the framework of unreliable partially-observed discrete-event dynamical systems were developed in previous work. This paper considers observation platforms consisting of sensors that provide partial and unreliable observations and of diagnosers that analyze them. Diagnosers in observation platforms typically perform better as sensors providing the observations become more costly or increase in number. This paper proposes a methodology for finding an observation platform that achieves an optimal balance between cost and performance, while satisfying given observability requirements and constraints. Since this problem is generally computational hard in the framework considered, an observation platform optimization algorithm is utilized that uses two greedy heuristics, one myopic and another based on projected performances. These heuristics are sequentially executed in order to find best observation platforms. The developed algorithm is then applied to an observation platform optimization problem for a multi-unit-operation system. Results show that improved observation platforms can be found that may significantly reduce the observation platform cost but still yield acceptable performance for correctly inferring the occurrences of special events. C1 [Lin, Wen-Chiao; Garcia, Humberto E.; Yoo, Tae-Sic] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Lin, WC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Wen-Chiao.Lin@inl.gov; Humberto.Garcia@inl.gov; Tae-Sic.Yoo@inl.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4577-0081-1 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2011 BP 4470 EP 4477 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BWZ06 UT WOS:000295376005064 ER PT J AU Javier, AE Patel, SN Hallinan, DT Srinivasan, V Balsara, NP AF Javier, Anna E. Patel, Shrayesh N. Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr. Srinivasan, Venkat Balsara, Nitash P. TI Simultaneous Electronic and Ionic Conduction in a Block Copolymer: Application in Lithium Battery Electrodes SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE block copolymers; click chemistry; conducting materials; electrochemistry; nanostructures ID GRIGNARD METATHESIS; MIXED CONDUCTORS; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); ELECTROLYTES; POLYMERS C1 [Javier, Anna E.; Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr.; Srinivasan, Venkat; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Javier, Anna E.; Patel, Shrayesh N.; Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu OI Hallinan, Daniel/0000-0002-3819-0992 FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LBNL LDRD; NSF [CBET 0966632]; DOE FX This work was supported by U.S. DOE contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 BATT Program (A.E.J., D.T.H., V.S., N.P.B.), and through the LBNL LDRD Program (S.N.P., 2007-2010). S.N.P. thanks NSF (CBET 0966632). SAXS experiments were performed at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, a DOE national user facility supported by the DOE under the same contract. We also wish to thank Profs. R.A. Segalman and M. Jeffries-EL, and Drs. H. Gao and T. Constantin for helpful discussions. NR 25 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 15 U2 129 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2011 VL 50 IS 42 BP 9848 EP 9851 DI 10.1002/anie.201102953 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 837ME UT WOS:000296207100010 PM 21901803 ER PT J AU Jorda, J Yeates, TO AF Jorda, Julien Yeates, Todd O. TI Widespread Disulfide Bonding in Proteins from Thermophilic Archaea SO ARCHAEA-AN INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS; THERMAL-STABILITY; INTRACELLULAR PROTEINS; AEROPYRUM-PERNIX; AQUIFEX-AEOLICUS; STRUCTURAL BASIS; REDOX SWITCH; ION-PAIRS; HYPERTHERMOPHILES; OXIDOREDUCTASE AB Disulfide bonds are generally not used to stabilize proteins in the cytosolic compartments of bacteria or eukaryotic cells, owing to the chemically reducing nature of those environments. In contrast, certain thermophilic archaea use disulfide bonding as a major mechanism for protein stabilization. Here, we provide a current survey of completely sequenced genomes, applying computational methods to estimate the use of disulfide bonding across the Archaea. Microbes belonging to the Crenarchaeal branch, which are essentially all hyperthermophilic, are universally rich in disulfide bonding while lesser degrees of disulfide bonding are found among the thermophilic Euryarchaea, excluding those that are methanogenic. The results help clarify which parts of the archaeal lineage are likely to yield more examples and additional specific data on protein disulfide bonding, as increasing genomic sequencing efforts are brought to bear. C1 [Jorda, Julien; Yeates, Todd O.] UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Yeates, TO (reprint author), UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, 611 Charles Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM yeates@mbi.ucla.edu OI Yeates, Todd/0000-0001-5709-9839 FU DOE Office of Science FX The authors thank Mark Young and Ben Bolduc for their help in performing a preliminary analysis of the Yellowstone metagenomic data. This paper was supported by the BER program of the DOE Office of Science. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1472-3646 J9 ARCHAEA JI Archaea PY 2011 AR 409156 DI 10.1155/2011/409156 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 845EI UT WOS:000296805400001 ER PT S AU Ridouane, E Gawlik, K AF Ridouane, El Hassan Gawlik, Keith GP ASHRAE TI Prediction of Air Mixing from High Sidewall Diffusers in Cooling Mode SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling was used to evaluate the performance of high sidewall air supply in cooling mode. The research focused on the design, placement, and operation of air supply diffusers located high on a sidewall and return grilles located near the floor on the same sidewall. Parameters of the study are the supply velocity, supply temperature, diffuser size and room dimensions. Thermal loads characteristic of high performance homes were applied at the walls and room temperature was controlled via a thermostat. The results are intended to provide information to guide the selection of high sidewall supply diffusers to provide proper room air mixing and thermal comfort for cooling of high performance homes. C1 [Ridouane, El Hassan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Syst, Golden, CO USA. RP Ridouane, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Syst, Golden, CO USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 87 EP 94 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900011 ER PT S AU Lekov, A Franco, V Meyers, S Thompson, L Letschert, V AF Lekov, Alex Franco, Victor Meyers, Steve Thompson, Lisa Letschert, Virginie GP ASHRAE TI Energy Efficiency Design Options for Residential Water Heaters: Economic Impacts on Consumers SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) recently completed a rulemaking process in which it amended the existing energy efficiency standards for residential water heaters. A key factor in DOE's consideration of new standards is the economic impacts on consumers. Determining such impacts requires a comparison of the additional first cost of energy efficiency design options with the savings in operating costs. This paper describes the method used to conduct the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period analysis for gas and electric storage water heaters. It presents the estimated change in LCC associated with more energy-efficient equipment, including heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters, for a representative sample of U.S. homes. The study included a detailed accounting of installation costs for the considered design options, with a focus on approaches for accommodating the larger dimensions of more efficient water heaters. For heat pump water heaters, the study also considered airflow requirements, venting issues, and the impact of these products on the indoor environment. The results indicate that efficiency improvement relative to the baseline design reduces the LCC in the majority of homes for both gas and electric storage water heaters, and heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters provide a lower LCC for homes with large rated volume water heaters. C1 [Lekov, Alex; Franco, Victor; Meyers, Steve; Thompson, Lisa; Letschert, Virginie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lekov, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 103 EP 110 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900013 ER PT S AU Lobato, C Pless, S Sheppy, M Torcellini, P AF Lobato, Chad Pless, Shanti Sheppy, Michael Torcellini, Paul GP ASHRAE TI Reducing Plug and Process Loads for a Large Scale, Low Energy Office Building: NREL's Research Support Facility SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB The construction of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) new 220,000-ft(2) (20,438-m(2)) Research Support Facility (RSF) was completed in June 2010. The project's Request for Proposals (RFP) set a whole-building demand-side energy use requirement of a nominal 25 kBtu/ft(2).yr (78.8 kWh/m(2).yr). The RSF baseline plug and process loads (PPLs) were 35.1 kBtu/ft(2).yr (110.6 kWh/m(2).yr). To meet the building energy goal, PPLs had to be reduced by approximately 50%. This paper documents the methodology NREL researchers developed to identify and reduce PPLs as part of the RSF's low energy design process. They examined PPLs, including elevators, kitchen equipment in breakrooms, and office equipment in NREL's previously occupied office spaces to determine a baseline. This, along with research into the most energy-efficient products and practices, enabled these researchers to formulate a reduction strategy that should yield a 47% reduction in PPLs. The building owner and the design team played equally important roles in developing and implementing opportunities to reduce PPLs. Based on the work done in the RSF, a generalized multistep process has been developed for application to other buildings. C1 [Lobato, Chad; Pless, Shanti; Sheppy, Michael; Torcellini, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Lobato, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 330 EP 339 PN 1 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900040 ER PT S AU Pless, S Torcellini, P Shelton, D AF Pless, Shanti Torcellini, Paul Shelton, Dave GP ASHRAE TI Using an Energy Performance Based Design-Build Process to Procure a Large Scale Replicable Zero Energy Building SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB This paper will review a novel procurement, acquisition, and contract process of a large-scale replicable net zero energy (ZEB) office building. The owners (who are also commercial building energy efficiency researchers) developed and implemented an energy performance based design-build process to procure a 220,000 ft2 office building with contractual requirements to meet demand side energy and LEED goals. We will outline the key procurement steps needed to ensure achievement of our energy efficiency and ZEB goals using a replicable delivery process. The development of a clear and comprehensive Request for Proposal (RFP) that includes specific and measurable energy use intensity goals is critical to ensure energy goals are met in a cost effective manner. The RFP includes a contractual requirement to meet an absolute demand side energy use requirement of 25 kBtu/ft2, with specific calculation methods on what loads are included, how to normalize the energy goal based on increased space efficiency and data center allocation, specific plug loads and schedules, and calculation details on how to account for energy used from the campus hot and chilled water supply. The RFP also provides for stretch goals, such as reaching net zero energy. Additional advantages of integrating energy requirements into this procurement process include leveraging the voluntary incentive program, which is a financial incentive based on how well the owner feels the design-build team is meeting the RFP goals. We will also discuss how the RFP substantiation requirements that are required throughout the process are critical to ensure that what is actually being built matches the energy model inputs. C1 [Pless, Shanti; Torcellini, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Commercial Bldg Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Pless, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Commercial Bldg Grp, Golden, CO USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 373 EP 380 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900045 ER PT S AU Hirsch, A Okada, D Pless, S Antia, P AF Hirsch, Adam Okada, David Pless, Shanti Antia, Porus GP ASHRAE TI The Role of Modeling When Designing for Absolute Energy Use Intensity Requirements in a Design-Build Framework SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB The Research Support Facilities (RSF) building at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a 220,000 square foot office building designed to hold 822 occupants, to use 35.1 kBTU/sf/yr, to use half the energy of an equivalent minimally code-compliant building, and to produce as much renewable energy as it consumes on an annual basis. These energy goals and their substantiation through simulation were explicitly included in the project's fixed firm price design-build contract. The energy model was required to be repeatedly updated during the delivery process to match design documents as well as the final building as it was built to the greatest degree practical. Computer modeling played a key role in diagnosing the energy impact of building program and design decisions throughout the design process and in verifying that the contractual energy goals would be met within the specified budget. The main tool was a whole building energy simulation program. Other models were used as needed to provide more detail or to complement the whole building simulation tool as required by the delivery schedule, including tools to calculate: thermal bridging, daylighting, natural ventilation, data center energy consumption, transpired solar collectors, thermal storage in the building's crawlspace, and electricity generation by photovoltaic panels. Results from these specialized models were either fed back into the main whole building simulation tool or used to post-process model output to provide the most accurate possible annual simulations. This paper details the models used in the design process and how they informed important program and design decisions on the path from preliminary design to the completed building. C1 [Hirsch, Adam; Pless, Shanti] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Commercial Bldg Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Hirsch, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Commercial Bldg Grp, Golden, CO USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 398 EP 405 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900048 ER PT S AU Guglielmetti, R Scheib, J Pless, SD Torcellini, PA Petro, R AF Guglielmetti, Rob Scheib, Jennifer Pless, Shanti D. Torcellini, Paul A. Petro, Rachel GP ASHRAE TI Energy Use Intensity and Its Influence on the Integrated Daylighting Design of a Large Net Zero Energy Office Building SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB Low energy or high-performance buildings form a vital component in the sustainable future of building design and construction. Rigorous integrated daylighting design and simulation will be critical to their success as energy efficiency becomes a requirement, because electric lighting usually represents a large fraction of the energy consumed. We present the process and tools used to design the lighting systems in the newest building at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the Research Support Facility (RSF). This 220,000-ft2 [20,439-m(2)] office building was turned over in June 2010. Employees began to move in almost immediately; their number will soon reach 820. The RSF will house a large data center, and is projected to eventually produce as much energy annually as it consumes. Its rapid construction schedule meant that the entire process had to be tightly integrated. Daylighting had to be integrated with the electric lighting, as low energy use (50% below ASHRAE 90.1-2004) and the LEED daylight credit were contractually required, with a reach goal of being a net-zero energy building (NZEB). The oft-ignored disconnect between lighting simulation and whole-building energy use simulation had to be addressed, as ultimately all simulation efforts had to translate to energy use intensity predictions, design responses, and preconstruction substantiation of the design. We discuss how the lighting and building energy use simulation endeavors were married to inform the RSF design. During the coming year, the RSF will be thoroughly evaluated for its performance; we present preliminary data from the postoccupancy monitoring efforts with an eye toward the current efficacy of energy and lighting simulation methodologies. C1 [Guglielmetti, Rob; Scheib, Jennifer; Pless, Shanti D.] NREL, Golden, CO USA. RP Guglielmetti, R (reprint author), NREL, Golden, CO USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 610 EP 620 PN 1 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900074 ER PT S AU Butcher, TA Schoenbauer, B AF Butcher, Thomas A. Schoenbauer, Ben GP ASHRAE TI Application of a Linear Input/Output Model to Tankless Water Heaters SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB In this study, the applicability of a linear input/output model to gas-fired, tankless water heaters has been evaluated. This simple model assumes that the relationship between input and output, averaged over both active draw and idle periods, is linear. This approach is being applied to boilers in other studies and offers the potential to make a small number of simple measurements to obtain the model parameters. These parameters can then be used to predict performance under complex load patterns. Both condensing and non-condensing water heaters have been tested under a very wide range of load conditions. It is shown that this approach can be used to reproduce performance metrics, such as the energy factor, and can be used to evaluate the impacts of alternative draw patterns and conditions. C1 [Butcher, Thomas A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Butcher, TA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 683 EP 689 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900081 ER PT S AU Lutz, JD Biermayer, P King, DA AF Lutz, James D. Biermayer, Peter King, Derek A. GP ASHRAE TI Pilot Phase of a Field Study to Determine Waste of Water and Energy in Residential Hot-Water Distribution Systems SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB This paper provides an overview of the pilot phase of a field study to determine the feasibility of a method of directly measuring the waste of water and energy caused by current hot-water distribution systems (HWDS) in California residences using wireless sensor network technologies. The experience gained in the pilot phase study using wireless sensor networks demonstrates that it is clearly feasible to use this technology for measuring water and gas flows and temperatures. The goal was to demonstrate a method to reliably collect water flow and temperature data from every indoor hot water end-use point and at the water heater in one-second intervals when water was flowing. The overall success of the pilot phase study indicates that this technique can work. However, the pilot phase study did reveal shortcomings in many areas. The recommendations in this paper address those shortcomings and provide ways to improve the outcomes of any follow-on field study. The project's tasks were to test and evaluate the proposed hardware, installation protocols, data collection, and processing procedures. The techniques developed in this project provide a way to accurately measure temperature and flow of indoor water use events at one-second resolution. The technologies used in this pilot phase study are viable for use in a larger field study to determine the energy and water efficiency of hot-water distribution systems in California homes. The lessons learned from this experience will improve procedures, programming, and wireless sensor network specifications. C1 [Lutz, James D.; Biermayer, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lutz, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 755 EP 768 PN 1 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900087 ER PT S AU Liu, GP Liu, MS AF Liu, Guopeng Liu, Mingsheng GP ASHRAE TI Applications of a Simplified Model Calibration Procedure for Commonly Used HVAC Systems SO ASHRAE: TRANSACTIONS 2011, VOL 117, PT 1 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Soc Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB A calibration procedure for simplified building energy simulation models for commonly used HVAC systems has been developed through an ASHRAE-sponsored project (ASHRAE RP-1092). The procedure is applied to five buildings. These five buildings include a 44-story office building, a low-rise office building, a church, a university teaching building, and a university research building. Three of the five buildings are located in Omaha, Nebraska (cold climate). Two buildings are located in College Station, Texas (hot and humid climate). This paper presents the calibration procedure and summary results of five case studies. A two-level calibration procedure provides a good approach for model calibration. The case studies strongly indicate that the simplified model calibration procedure developed can be used to accurately calculate long-term energy consumption data using short-term field energy measurement data for different types of buildings with different systems. The first-level calibration procedure is very important and improves the model accuracy significantly. The average absolute value of NMBE decreased from 41% to 6%, and CV(RMSE) decreased from 63% to 26% for these building models after the first-level calibration. The second-level calibration procedure further reduced these values to 2.5% and 22.4%, respectively. After calibration of the simulation using four weeks or less of measured hourly data, the average of the absolute values of the prediction error for annual consumption values was 2.5%, with a maximum error of 9% for the case studies examined. General information on the building and HVAC systems are the most critical input parameters for the simplified model calibration. Short-term hourly chilled-water consumption and hot-water consumption are the most critical energy data for calibration. C1 [Liu, Guopeng] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Liu, GP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2011 VL 117 BP 835 EP 846 PN 1 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BXF18 UT WOS:000295933900095 ER PT J AU Chong, HS Aggarwal, SK Lee, KO Yang, SY AF Chong, Hwan S. Aggarwal, Suresh K. Lee, Kyeong O. Yang, Seung Y. TI MEASUREMENTS OF HEAT RELEASE OF DIESEL PM FOR ADVANCED THERMAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR DPF REGENERATION SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diesel particulate matter; DPF regeneration; Heat release rate measurements ID SOOT OXIDATION; EXHAUST; KINETICS; COMBUSTION; CHEMISTRY; CATALYST; BEHAVIOR; OXYGEN; MODEL; SIZE AB Diesel engines typically require diesel particulate filter (DPF) systems to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions in order to meet increasingly stringent emission regulations. While there have been noticeable advances in DPF technology, significant efforts are still needed to develop optimum DPF regeneration strategies and achieve efficient removal of diesel PM. In particular, the development of an effective thermal management system is essential to prevent the potential failure of the DPF system by the thermal runaway during soot oxidation in DPF regeneration. In an effort to develop optimum thermal management strategies, this experimental investigation is concerned primarily with measuring the instantaneous rate of heat generation as well as the total amount of heat released during the oxidation of diesel PM containing different concentrations of soluble organic fraction (SOF). The experimental approach was to measure directly, by means of a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the amount of heat release during the thermal reactions of diesel PM with air and to elucidate differences in the heat release characteristics of diesel PM and surrogate (model) soot. The diesel samples were collected from a cordierite particulate filter, where PM emissions bypassing the exhaust pipe of a light-duty diesel engine were deposited. Furthermore, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to obtain dry diesel soot samples with no volatile components present. The DSC experiments revealed that the amounts of heat released from the oxidation of SOF-containing diesel PM sample, dry diesel soot, and surrogate soot were approximately 14.67 kJ/g, 17.3 kJ/g, and 14.02 kJ/g, respectively, indicating that the largest heat release was obtained from the dry diesel soot sample. Results also indicated significant differences in the temporal rates of heat release in the oxidation of SOF-containing diesel PM, dry diesel soot, and surrogate soot. In particular, significant differences were found on the results for dry diesel soot samples with respect to the oxidation temperatures of 550 degrees C and below 550 degrees C in air. The heat release rate profile for the 550 degrees C case exhibited a continuous sharp decrease after the peak value, while those for the 535 degrees C and 525 degrees C cases indicated first a sharp decrease, followed by slow and then sharp decrease again. The present experimental data are expected to lead to better predictive tools for thermal energy distribution during DPF regeneration, and thus the development an optimum thermal management system for DPF systems. C1 [Aggarwal, Suresh K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Lee, Kyeong O.; Yang, Seung Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Aggarwal, SK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 842 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM ska@uic.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies FX This work is supported by the combustion and emissions program of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 183 IS 12 BP 1328 EP 1341 DI 10.1080/00102202.2011.594346 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 847ID UT WOS:000296965700003 ER PT S AU Koch, DB AF Koch, Daniel B. GP IEEE TI Creating a Software Framework for Simulating Satellite Geolocation SO IEEE SOUTHEASTCON 2011: BUILDING GLOBAL ENGINEERS SE IEEE SoutheastCon-Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE SoutheastCon 2011 - Building Global Engineers CY MAR 17-20, 2011 CL Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN SP Vanderbilt Univ, Tennessee Technol Univ, IEEE Cent Tennessee Sect, IEEE Reg 3, IEEE Tennessee Council, ARM, IEEE HO Tennessee State Univ AB It is hard to imagine life these days without having some sort of electronic indication of one's current location. Whether the purpose is for business, personal, or emergency use, utilizing smart cell phones, in-vehicle navigation systems, or location beacons, dependence on the Global Positioning System (GPS) is pervasive. Yet the availability of the GPS should not be taken for granted. Both environmental (e. g., terrain, weather) and intentional interference (i.e., jamming) can reduce or deny satellite access. In order to investigate these and other issues, as well as to explore possible alternative satellite constellations, an application called the Satellite Simulation Toolkit (SatSim) was created. This paper presents a high-level overview of SatSim and an example of how it may be used to study geolocation. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Koch, DB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kochdb@ornl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-0050 BN 978-1-61284-738-2 J9 IEEE SOUTHEASTCON PY 2011 BP 180 EP 184 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BWX35 UT WOS:000295256200036 ER PT J AU Zhang, RF Wang, J Beyerlein, IJ Germann, TC AF Zhang, R. F. Wang, J. Beyerlein, I. J. Germann, T. C. TI Twinning in bcc metals under shock loading: a challenge to empirical potentials SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE shock compression; deformation twinning; atomistic simulations; niobium ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; TANTALUM-TUNGSTEN ALLOYS; CLOSE-PACKED CRYSTALS; TRANSITION-METALS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; CRACK-TIP; DISLOCATIONS; TRANSFORMATIONS; MECHANISMS; NUCLEATION AB Using density functional theory (DFT), we found that high pressures intrinsically favor twinning in niobium by reducing the thickness of a stable twin. Five empirical interatomic potentials for niobium were considered in molecular dynamics (MD) shock simulations. The results show that two potentials exhibit the experimentally observed twinning behavior. Comparing with DFT under high pressure, we found that these two potentials are capable of reproducing the generalized stacking fault (GSF) curve, but the others predict several artificial metastable states along the GSF curve resulting in an artificial structural transformation. C1 [Zhang, R. F.; Wang, J.; Beyerlein, I. J.; Germann, T. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 8,MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov; tcg@lanl.gov RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026] FX R.F. Zhang would like to acknowledge the support by a Los Alamos National Laboratory Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship. J. Wang, I. J. Beyerlein, and T. C. Germann were supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 39 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 EI 1362-3036 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PY 2011 VL 91 IS 12 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1080/09500839.2011.615348 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 846NY UT WOS:000296911700001 ER PT J AU Messman, JM Pickel, DL Goswami, M Uhrig, DW Sumpter, BG Mays, JW AF Messman, Jamie M. Pickel, Deanna L. Goswami, Monojoy Uhrig, David W. Sumpter, Bobby G. Mays, Jimmy W. TI Combatting ionic aggregation using dielectric forces-combining modeling/simulation and experimental results to explain end-capping of primary amine functionalized polystyrene SO POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIC ORGANOLITHIUM COMPOUNDS; ANIONIC-POLYMERIZATION; 3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL CHLORIDE; RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; POLY(STYRYL)LITHIUM; OPTIMIZATION; PARAMETERS; CHIMERAS AB Chain-end functionalization of living poly(styryl) lithium using 1-(3-bromopropyl)-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-aza-2,5-disilacyclo-pentane (BTDP) to generate primary amine end-functionalized polystyrene was investigated using high vacuum anionic polymerization techniques. C-13 NMR spectroscopy and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to evaluate polymer end-groups and demonstrated that quantitative amine functionalized polymer was attained under appropriate reaction conditions. In general, the polymerization of styrene was conducted in benzene and the end-capping reaction was performed by adding tetrahydrofuran (THF) to the reaction prior to the addition of BTDP in THF at room temperature. Results indicated that approximately 20% THF by volume is required to obtain 100% end-capping free from side reactions. When too little or no THF was present, side reactions such as lithium halogen exchange followed by Wurtz coupling resulted in unfunctionalized head-to-head dimer as well as other byproducts. Modeling and simulation of the solvent effects using hybrid methods (the so-called QM/MM method) suggest that THF effectively dissociated the anionic chain-end aggregation, thereby resulting in the desired primary amine functionalized polymer. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to develop an understanding of the physics of counterions involved in the end-functionalization process. C1 [Messman, Jamie M.; Pickel, Deanna L.; Goswami, Monojoy; Uhrig, David W.; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Mays, Jimmy W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sumpter, Bobby G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mays, Jimmy W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Messman, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM messmanjm@ornl.gov RI Goswami, Monojoy/G-7943-2012; Pickel, Deanna/E-4778-2010; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Uhrig, David/A-7458-2016 OI Goswami, Monojoy/0000-0002-4473-4888; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Uhrig, David/0000-0001-8447-6708 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Scientific User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9954 EI 1759-9962 J9 POLYM CHEM-UK JI Polym. Chem. PY 2011 VL 2 IS 11 BP 2481 EP 2489 DI 10.1039/c1py00226k PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 832NJ UT WOS:000295811400007 ER PT J AU Levesque, M Martinez, E Soisson, F Fu, CC Nastar, M AF Levesque, M. Martinez, E. Soisson, F. Fu, C. C. Nastar, M. TI Iron-chromium alloys and surfaces: from ab initio calculations to segregation isotherms SO REVUE DE METALLURGIE-CAHIERS D INFORMATIONS TECHNIQUES LA French DT Article DE Iron-chromium; ferritic steels; segregation; simulation; ab initio ID ENERGIES AB Iron-chromium alloys and surfaces: from ab initio calculations to segregation isotherms. As a first step, we calculated ab initio the solubility and mixing energies of iron and chromium that confirm previous calculations. The same methodology is used to calculate free surface energies of iron and chromium (100), (110), (111) and (211). Refuting extrapolations from high temperatures measurements, ab initio calculations show that chromium surface energies are always higher that iron ones. We also calculated the segregation energy of a chromium impurity in iron (100) which is endothermic. Finally, we propose an interaction model parameterized on the ab initio calculations that we use to calculate segregation isotherms. We show that the large difference in surface energies between chromium and iron we highlighted from ab initio calculations causes the surfaces to be always depleted in chromium. C1 [Levesque, M.; Soisson, F.; Fu, C. C.; Nastar, M.] CEA, DEN, DMN, Serv Rech Met Phys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Martinez, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Levesque, M (reprint author), CEA, DEN, DMN, Serv Rech Met Phys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM maximilien.levesque@ens.fr RI soisson, frederic/B-2917-2009; Fu, Chu-Chun/L-5046-2016; OI soisson, frederic/0000-0001-6435-6119; Fu, Chu-Chun/0000-0003-4369-8296; Levesque, Maximilien/0000-0003-1757-5225; Martinez Saez, Enrique/0000-0002-2690-2622 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU REVUE DE METALLURGIE PI LA PLAINE SAINT-DENIS CEDEX PA 5 RUE LUIGI CHERUBINI, 93212 LA PLAINE SAINT-DENIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0035-1563 J9 REV METALL-PARIS JI Rev. Metall.-Cah. Inf. Techn. PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 SI SI BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1051/metal/2011041 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 845WE UT WOS:000296855700005 ER PT S AU Pirkelbauer, P Dechev, D Stroustrup, B AF Pirkelbauer, Peter Dechev, Damian Stroustrup, Bjarne BE Malloy, B Staab, S VanDenBrand, M TI Support for the Evolution of C plus plus Generic Functions SO SOFTWARE LANGUAGE ENGINEERING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Software Language Engineering CY OCT 12-13, 2010 CL Eindhoven, NETHERLANDS SP Assoc Comp Machinery, ASML, IBM, Jacquard, NWO, Netherlands Org Sci Res AB The choice of requirements for an argument of a generic type or algorithm is a central design issue in generic programming. In the context of C++, a specification of requirements for a template argument or a set of template arguments is called a concept. In this paper, we present a novel tool, TACE (template analysis and concept extraction), designed to help programmers understand the requirements that their code de facto imposes on arguments and help simplify and generalize those through comparisons with libraries of well-defined and precisely-specified concepts. TACE automatically extracts requirements from the body of function templates. These requirements are expressed using the notation and semantics developed by the ISO C++ standards committee. TACE converts implied requirements into concept definitions and compares them against concepts from a repository. Components of a well-defined library exhibit commonalities that allow us to detect problems by comparing requirements from many components: Design and implementation problems manifest themselves as minor variations in requirements. TACE points to source code that cannot be constrained by concepts and to code where small modifications would allow the use of less constraining concepts. For people who use a version of C++ with concept support, TACE can serve as a core engine for automated source code rejuvenation. C1 [Pirkelbauer, Peter] Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dechev, Damian] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Stroustrup, Bjarne] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Pirkelbauer, P (reprint author), Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM peter.pirkelbauer@llnl.gov; dechev@eecs.ucf.edu; bs@cse.tamu.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-19439-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6563 BP 123 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BXR37 UT WOS:000296827000008 ER PT J AU Jiang, XM Liu, NG Assink, RA Jiang, YB Brinker, CJ AF Jiang, Xingmao Liu, Nanguo Assink, Roger A. Jiang, Yingbing Brinker, C. Jeffrey TI Photoresponsive Release from Azobenzene-Modified Single Cubic Crystal NaCl/Silica Particles SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DRUG-DELIVERY; NANOPARTICLES; MOLECULES; TRANSPORT; MEMBRANES AB Azobenzene ligands were uniformly anchored to the pore surfaces of nanoporous silica particles with single crystal NaCl using 4-(3-triethoxysilylpropylureido) azobenzene (TSUA). The functionalization delayed the release of NaCl significantly. The modified particles demonstrated a photocontrolled release by trans/cis isomerization of azobenzene moieties. The addition of amphiphilic solvents, propylene glycol (PG), propylene glycol propyl ether (PGPE), and dipropylene glycol propyl ether (DPGPE) delayed the release in water, although the wetting behavior was improved and the delay is the most for the block molecules with the longest carbon chain. The speedup by UV irradiation suggests a strong dependence of diffusion on the switchable pore size. TGA, XRD, FTIR, and NMR techniques were used to characterize the structures. C1 [Jiang, Xingmao; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Jiang, Xingmao; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Liu, Nanguo] Dow Corning Corp, SCB Innovat Accelerator, Midland, MI 48686 USA. [Assink, Roger A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Jiang, Yingbing] Univ New Mexico, Transmiss Electron Microscopy Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM cjbrink@sandia.gov RI jiang, xingmao /H-3554-2013 FU National Science Foundation NIRT [EE C-0210835, EF-0830117]; NIH [U19 ES019528, PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F49620-01-0168]; DOD MURI [318651] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation NIRT Grant: EE C-0210835, NSF: EF-0830117, NSF: EF-0830117, NIH: U19 ES019528 (UCLA Center for Nanobiology and Predictive Toxicology), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research award no. F49620-01-0168, the DOD MURI Program Contract 318651, and the NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research Grant PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-4110 J9 J NANOMATER JI J. Nanomater. PY 2011 AR 439756 DI 10.1155/2011/439756 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 760TB UT WOS:000290345600001 ER PT J AU Jiang, XM Jiang, YB Liu, NG Xu, HF Rathod, S Shah, P Brinker, CJ AF Jiang, Xingmao Jiang, Ying-Bing Liu, Nanguo Xu, Huifang Rathod, Shailendra Shah, Pratik Brinker, C. Jeffrey TI Controlled Release from Core-Shell Nanoporous Silica Particles for Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum Alloys SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS LA English DT Article ID COATINGS; CHROMATE; PROTECTION; COMPOSITE; NACL AB Cerium (Ce) corrosion inhibitors were encapsulated into hexagonally ordered nanoporous silica particles via single-step aerosol-assisted self-assembly. The core/shell structured particles are effective for corrosion inhibition of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3. Numerical simulation proved that the core-shell nanostructure delays the release process. The effective diffusion coefficient elucidated from release data for monodisperse particles in water was 1.0x10(-14) m(2)s for Ce(3+) compared to 2.5x10 (13) m(2)s for NaCl. The pore size, pore surface chemistry, and the inhibitor solubility are crucial factors for the application. Microporous hydrophobic particles encapsulating a less soluble corrosion inhibitor are desirable for long-term corrosion inhibition. C1 [Jiang, Xingmao; Rathod, Shailendra; Shah, Pratik; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Jiang, Xingmao; Rathod, Shailendra; Shah, Pratik; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Jiang, Xingmao] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Aerosol & Resp Dosimetry Program, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Jiang, Ying-Bing] Univ New Mexico, Transmiss Electron Microscopy Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Liu, Nanguo] Dow Corning Corp, SCB Innovat Accelerator, Midland, MI 48686 USA. [Xu, Huifang] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM cjbrink@sandia.gov RI jiang, xingmao /H-3554-2013 FU National Science Foundation NIRT [EE C-0210835]; NSF [EF-0830117]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F49620-01-0168]; DOD [318651]; NIH, Center for Nanobiology and Predictive Toxicology at the University of California, Los Angeles [U19 ES019528]; NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research [2 PN2 EY016570B]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank Dr. D. L. Tierney, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, for assistance with EPR. Also we thank Dr. Scully Jr. of the University of Virginia for the help with the corrosion test. This work was supported by National Science Foundation NIRT Grant: EE C-0210835, NSF: EF-0830117, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award Number F49620-01-0168, the DOD MURI Program Contract 318651, NIH: U19 ES019528 (The Center for Nanobiology and Predictive Toxicology at the University of California, Los Angeles), and the NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research grant PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-4110 J9 J NANOMATER JI J. Nanomater. PY 2011 AR 760237 DI 10.1155/2011/760237 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 744NK UT WOS:000289101000001 ER PT J AU Hogg, M Timoshkin, IV Given, MJ Wilson, MP MacGregor, SJ Fouracre, RA Lehr, JM AF Hogg, M. Timoshkin, I. V. Given, M. J. Wilson, M. P. MacGregor, S. J. Fouracre, R. A. Lehr, J. M. GP IEEE TI Liquid Water Stressed With HV Impulses: Effect of Polarity on Transient Pre-breakdown Processes SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIELECTRIC LIQUIDS (ICDL) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids (ICDL) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Trondheim, NORWAY SP IEEE, SINTEF Energy Res, NTNU - Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol DE impulse breakdown; water; pulse power systems ID ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; FIELD AB The complexity of the impulse breakdown of liquid water is reflected by the dependency of pre-breakdown processes on the polarity, rise-time and wave-shape of the applied impulses as well as on physical properties, such as electrical conductivity of water itself. Further understanding of the mechanisms of formation and propagation of impulse discharges in water and water solutions is therefore required to enable the development of pulsed power and plasma technologies. The paper presents a study of the dielectric behaviour of water stressed with high voltage impulses in a point-plane electrode topology. Water with different conductivities including distilled water, tap water and a water based ionic solution was investigated. The volt-time breakdown characteristic of water is discussed and the pre-breakdown time and nominal breakdown velocity have been obtained for both positive and negative polarity impulses. Potential breakdown mechanisms which can explain the observed polarity effects in the transient pre-breakdown processes in liquid water stressed with high voltage impulses are discussed. C1 [Hogg, M.; Timoshkin, I. V.; Given, M. J.; Wilson, M. P.; MacGregor, S. J.; Fouracre, R. A.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Lehr, J. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hogg, M (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.hogg@eee.strath.ac.uk NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-7355-7 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BWY58 UT WOS:000295317700079 ER PT J AU Wilson, MP Timoshkin, IV Given, MJ MacGregor, SJ Sinclair, MA Thomas, KJ Lehr, JM AF Wilson, M. P. Timoshkin, I. V. Given, M. J. MacGregor, S. J. Sinclair, M. A. Thomas, K. J. Lehr, J. M. GP IEEE TI Effect of Electrode Geometry and Rate of Voltage Rise on Streamer Propagation in Mineral Oil SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIELECTRIC LIQUIDS (ICDL) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids (ICDL) CY JUN 26-30, 2011 CL Trondheim, NORWAY SP IEEE, SINTEF Energy Res, NTNU - Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol DE dielectric breakdown; dielectric liquids; oil insulation; power transformers; pulse power systems ID BREAKDOWN AB Experimental data on the propagation of streamers in mineral oil is important for the design of high-voltage systems in the power and pulsed-power industries. In the present study, pre-breakdown delay times were measured for plane-parallel electrodes, and for two types of non-uniform electrode arrangement. For each geometry, the breakdown characteristics were determined for impulses of rise-time 100 ns, and also rise-time 1 mu s. The maximum applied voltage magnitude was 400 kV, giving a maximum dV/dt of 4 kV/ns. For the non-uniform geometries with inter-electrode gap length of 8.5 mm, the time to breakdown was 2.5-3 times longer for impulses of rise-time 1 mu s than for 100 ns rise-time. The time-to-breakdown data suggest that streamer propagation velocity increases with higher values of dV/dt. For example, the estimated propagation velocity for pin-plane geometry with a 1 mu s rise-time is 10-12 km/s. At 100 ns rise-time for the same electrode geometry, the average propagation velocity exceeds 40 km/s. The results presented are intended to provide reference data for designers of oil-immersed high-voltage systems in both the power and pulsed-power industries. C1 [Wilson, M. P.; Timoshkin, I. V.; Given, M. J.; MacGregor, S. J.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Sinclair, M. A.; Thomas, K. J.; Lehr, J. M.] AWE Aldermaston, Hydrodynam Div, Aldershot, Hants, England. [Lehr, J. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wilson, MP (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.wilson@eee.strath.ac.uk NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-7355-7 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BWY58 UT WOS:000295317700080 ER PT J AU Muthuswamy, J Anand, S Sutanto, J Baker, M Okandan, M AF Muthuswamy, Jit Anand, Sindhu Sutanto, Jemmy Baker, Michael Okandan, Murat GP IEEE TI Implantable microtechnologies for the brain: challenges and strategies for reliable operation SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (IRPS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) CY APR 10-14, 2011 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE MEMS; microelectrode; neural recording; flip-chip; packaging ID MICROELECTRODES; ACTUATORS AB Implantable microtechnologies and microelectrodes are crucial for the success for the next generation of prosthetic devices for the brain. This paper reviews some of the challenges in developing reliable technologies that will interface with neurons in the brain. We also recount here some of the milestones in our own successful effort to create interfaces with neurons in the brain. We have used a novel approach of developing neural interfaces using MEMS technologies that can be moved within the brain after implantation. The strategy is to enhance reliability by either creating stable neuron-electrode interfaces or by seeking new neuron electrode interfaces in the event of failure or deterioration of function in the interface. We have developed novel microactuators, microelectrodes, packaging and interconnect technologies to achieve the above goals. The success of this technology in recording good quality neuronal signals in chronic experiments, analysis of failure modes, the packaging efforts and reliability analysis to improve the longevity of the implant is addressed below. C1 [Muthuswamy, Jit; Anand, Sindhu; Sutanto, Jemmy] Arizona State Univ, Sch Biol Hlth Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Baker, Michael; Okandan, Murat] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Sci & Technol Div, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Muthuswamy, J (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Biol Hlth Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM jit@asu.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9111-7 PY 2011 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BWY60 UT WOS:000295322100038 ER PT J AU Wohlgemuth, JH Kurtz, S AF Wohlgemuth, John H. Kurtz, Sarah GP IEEE TI Reliability Testing beyond Qualification as a Key Component in Photovoltaic's Progress toward Grid Parity SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (IRPS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) CY APR 10-14, 2011 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Photovoltaic module reliability; Reliability Testing; Qualification Testing; Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE); Grid Parity AB This paper discusses why it is necessary for new lower cost PV modules to be tested using a reliability test sequence that goes beyond the Qualification test sequence now utilized for modules. Today most PV modules are warranted for 25 years, but the Qualification Test Sequence does not test for 25-year life. There is no accepted test protocol to validate a 25-year lifetime. This paper recommends the use of long term accelerated testing to compare now designs directly with older designs that have achieved long lifetimes in outdoor exposure. If the new designs do as well or better than the older ones, then it is likely that they will survive an equivalent length of time in the field. C1 [Wohlgemuth, John H.; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wohlgemuth, JH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM john.wohlgemuth@nrel.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-9111-7 PY 2011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BWY60 UT WOS:000295322100092 ER PT S AU Zheng, P Greve, DW Oppenheim, IJ Malone, V AF Zheng, P. Greve, D. W. Oppenheim, I. J. Malone, V. GP IEEE TI Langasite SAW temperature and oxygen multi-sensor SO 2011 JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM/EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Joint Conference of the 65th IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium / 25th European Frequency and Time Forum CY MAY 01-05, 2011 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, IEEE UFFC, EFTF AB We report here a langasite SAW device suitable for sensing temperature and oxygen concentration, with applications such as monitoring the exhaust of oxy-fuel combustion systems. In this paper we report on the observed temperature dependence of oxygen sensitivity, explain the mechanism for this behavior, and present a scheme for temperature compensation. C1 [Zheng, P.; Greve, D. W.; Oppenheim, I. J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Zheng, P.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Greve, D. W.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Oppenheim, I. J.; Malone, V.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Zheng, P (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. EM pengzhen@andrew.cmu.edu FU NETL under RES [DE-FE0004000] FX This work was performed in support of research on carbon storage at NETL under RES contract DE-FE0004000. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-61284-110-6 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2011 BP 72 EP 75 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BWX38 UT WOS:000295261600018 ER PT J AU DeRose, CT Watts, MR Young, RW Trotter, DC Nielson, GN Zortman, WA Kekatpure, RD AF DeRose, Christopher T. Watts, Michael R. Young, Ralph W. Trotter, Douglas C. Nielson, Gregory N. Zortman, William A. Kekatpure, Rohan D. GP Optical Society of America TI Low Power and Broadband 2 X 2 Silicon Thermo-Optic Switch SO 2011 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (OFC/NFOEC) AND THE NATIONAL FIBER OPTIC ENGINEERS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference(NFOEC) CY MAR 06-10, 2011 CL Los Angeles, CA ID MODULATOR AB We present a 2X2 silicon thermo-optic switch which requires a switching power of only similar to 12.5 mW and has a response time of 5.4 mu s. The measured extinction ratio of the switch is >similar to 20 dB across the C and L communications bands. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [DeRose, Christopher T.; Young, Ralph W.; Trotter, Douglas C.; Nielson, Gregory N.; Zortman, William A.; Kekatpure, Rohan D.] Sandia Natl Lab Appl Microphoton Syst, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP DeRose, CT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Lab Appl Microphoton Syst, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM cderose@sandia.gov; mwatts@mit.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 978-1-55752-906-0 PY 2011 PG 3 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BXA30 UT WOS:000295517900384 ER PT J AU Shalf, J AF Shalf, John GP Optical Society of America TI Enabling Energy Efficient Exascale Computing Applications with Optical Interconnects SO 2011 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (OFC/NFOEC) AND THE NATIONAL FIBER OPTIC ENGINEERS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference(NFOEC) CY MAR 06-10, 2011 CL Los Angeles, CA AB The past few years has seen a sea change in computer architecture that will impact every facet of our society as every electronic device from cell phone to supercomputer will need to confront parallelism of unprecedented scale. Enabling future advances in sustained computational performance will require fundamental advances in computer architecture and programming models that are nothing short of reinventing computing. Photonic interconnect technologies will play an essential role to enable future progress in exascale computing. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shalf, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jshalf@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 978-1-55752-906-0 PY 2011 PG 2 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BXA30 UT WOS:000295517900353 ER PT J AU Tauke-Pedretti, A Vawter, GA Skogen, EJ Peake, G Overberg, M Alford, C Torres, D Cajas, F Kalivoda, J AF Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Vawter, G. Allen Skogen, Erik J. Peake, Greg Overberg, Mark Alford, Charles Torres, David Cajas, Florante Kalivoda, James GP Optical Society of America TI Cascaded Double Ring Resonator Filter with Integrated SOAs SO 2011 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (OFC/NFOEC) AND THE NATIONAL FIBER OPTIC ENGINEERS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference(NFOEC) CY MAR 06-10, 2011 CL Los Angeles, CA ID INP AB We present a filter consisting of cascaded ring resonators with integrated SOAs. The filter demonstrates an extinction ratio >30 dB, a free spectral range of 56 GHz and a FWHM bandwidth of 3 GHz. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Tauke-Pedretti, Anna; Vawter, G. Allen; Skogen, Erik J.; Peake, Greg; Overberg, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tauke-Pedretti, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ataukep@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 978-1-55752-906-0 PY 2011 PG 3 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BXA30 UT WOS:000295517900449 ER PT J AU Vawter, GA Tauke-Pedretti, A Skogen, EJ AF Vawter, G. Allen Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Skogen, Erik J. GP Optical Society of America TI Wide Dynamic Range of Ring Resonator Channel-Dropping Filters with Integrated SOAs SO 2011 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (OFC/NFOEC) AND THE NATIONAL FIBER OPTIC ENGINEERS CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference(NFOEC) CY MAR 06-10, 2011 CL Los Angeles, CA AB We present the first complete simulation of the dynamic range and noise of InGaAsP multi-ring channel-drop filters with internal SOAs. The results show gain saturation, and spontaneous emission noise limit the dynamic range. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Vawter, G. Allen; Tauke-Pedretti, Anna; Skogen, Erik J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vawter, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gavawte@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 978-1-55752-906-0 PY 2011 PG 3 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BXA30 UT WOS:000295517900087 ER PT S AU Aidala, CA AF Aidala, Christine A. CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Bellwied, R Pruneau, C TI The PHENIX Decadal Plan: Crafting the Future of RHIC SO 27TH WINTER WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR DYNAMICS (WWND 2011) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics (WWND) CY FEB 06-13, 2011 CL Winter Park, CO AB After ten years of running, the PHENIX Collaboration is starting to lay out the compelling physics that RHIC, as the most versatile hadron collider in the world, will be well positioned to explore beyond the program planned for upgrades already in progress. As the fields that RHIC set out to investigate have advanced and evolved, new questions and directions have arisen at the frontiers of QCD, and we have exciting opportunities before us to continue to confront the challenges and surprises of strong interactions into the next decade. The latest thoughts of the PHENIX Collaboration on this ongoing planning process for the future of RHIC are discussed. C1 [Aidala, Christine A.; PHENIX Collaboration] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Aidala, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM caidala@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 316 AR 012017 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/316/1/012017 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BXF29 UT WOS:000295937800017 ER PT S AU Neufeld, RB AF Neufeld, R. B. BE Bellwied, R Pruneau, C TI A derivation of the source term induced by a fast parton from the quark energy-momentum tensor SO 27TH WINTER WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR DYNAMICS (WWND 2011) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics (WWND) CY FEB 06-13, 2011 CL Winter Park, CO ID GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SUPPRESSION; MATTER AB The distribution of energy and momentum deposited by a fast parton in a medium of thermalized quarks, or the source term, is evaluated in perturbative thermal field theory. The calculation is performed by directly evaluating the thermal expectation value of the quark energy-momentum tensor. The fast parton is coupled to the medium by adding an interaction term to the Lagrangian. I show that this approach is very general and can be modified to consider more realistic modeling of fast parton propagation, such as a fast parton created in an initial hard interaction or the evolution of a parton shower due to medium induced radiation. For the scenario considered here, it is found that local excitations fall sharply as a function of the energy of the fast parton. These local excitations couple directly to the sound mode in hydrodynamics and are important for generating an observable shockwave structure. This may have implications for the trigger pT dependence of measurements of azimuthal dihadron particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions. In particular, one would be less likely to observe a conical emission pattern for increasing trigger pT C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Neufeld, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B238, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM neufeld@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 316 AR 012031 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/316/1/012031 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BXF29 UT WOS:000295937800031 ER PT S AU Sickles, AM AF Sickles, Anne M. CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Bellwied, R Pruneau, C TI Correlations of electrons from Heavy Flavor Decay with Hadrons in Au plus Au and p plus p Collisions SO 27TH WINTER WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR DYNAMICS (WWND 2011) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics (WWND) CY FEB 06-13, 2011 CL Winter Park, CO AB Measurements of electrons from the decay of open-heavy-avor mesons have shown that the yields are suppressed in Au+Au collisions compared to expectations from binary-scaled p+p collisions. These measurements indicate that charm and bottom quarks interact with the hot-dense matter produced in heavy-ion collisions much more than expected. Here we extend these studies to two-particle correlations where one particle is an electron from the decay of a heavy-avor meson and the other is a charged hadron from either the decay of the heavy meson or from jet fragmentation. These measurements provide more detailed information about the interactions between heavy quarks and the matter, such as whether the modication of the away-side-jet shape seen in hadron-hadron correlations is present when the trigger particle is from heavy-meson decay and whether the overall level of away-side-jet suppression is consistent. We statistically subtract correlations of electrons arising from background sources from the inclusive electron-hadron correlations and obtain two-particle azimuthal correlations at sNN -200 GeV between electrons from heavy-avor decay with charged hadrons in p+p and also rst results in Au+Au collisions. We nd the away-side-jet shape and yield to be modied in Au+Au collisions compared to p+p collisions. C1 [Sickles, Anne M.; PHENIX Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sickles, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM anne@bnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 316 AR 012008 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/316/1/012008 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BXF29 UT WOS:000295937800008 ER PT S AU Prabhakar, R Vazhkudai, SS Kim, Y Butt, AR Li, M Kandemir, M AF Prabhakar, Ramya Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S. Kim, Youngjae Butt, Ali R. Li, Min Kandemir, Mahmut GP IEEE TI Provisioning a Multi-Tiered Data Staging Area for Extreme-Scale Machines SO 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS (ICDCS 2011) SE IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Distributed Proc (TCDP) AB Massively parallel scientific applications, running on extreme-scale supercomputers, produce hundreds of terabytes of data per run, driving the need for storage solutions to improve their I/O performance. Traditional parallel file systems (PFS) in high performance computing (HPC) systems are unable to keep up with such high data rates, creating a storage wall. In this work, we present a novel multi-tiered storage architecture comprising hybrid node-local resources to construct a dynamic data staging area for extreme-scale machines. Such a staging ground serves as an impedance matching device between applications and the PFS. Our solution combines diverse resources (e. g., DRAM, SSD) in such a way as to approach the performance of the fastest component technology and the cost of the least expensive one. We have developed an automated provisioning algorithm that aids in meeting the checkpointing performance requirement of HPC applications, by using a least-cost storage configuration. We evaluate our approach using both an implementation on a large scale cluster and a simulation driven by six-years worth of Jaguar supercomputer job-logs, and show that our approach, by choosing an appropriate storage configuration, achieves 41.5% cost savings with only negligible impact on performance. C1 [Prabhakar, Ramya; Kandemir, Mahmut] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S.; Kim, Youngjae] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Butt, Ali R.; Li, Min] Univ Tech Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Prabhakar, R (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM rap244@cse.psu.edu; vazhkudaiss@ornl.gov; kimy1@ornl.gov; butta@cs.vt.edu; limin@cs.vt.edu; kandemir@cse.psu.edu FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. NSF [CCF-0937827, CCF-0746832, CNS-1016793, CCF- 0937949, CCF-0621402, OCI-0724599, OCI-0821527, CCF-0833126] FX This work was sponsored in part by the LDRD program of ORNL, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. DOE (Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725), and by the U.S. NSF Awards CCF-0937827, CCF-0746832, CNS-1016793, CCF- 0937949, CCF-0621402, OCI-0724599, OCI-0821527, and CCF-0833126. Ramya Prabhakar was an intern at ORNL during the summer of 2010, when this work was performed. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6927 BN 978-0-7695-4364-2 J9 INT CON DISTR COMP S PY 2011 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1109/ICDCS.2011.33 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BWW04 UT WOS:000295121900001 ER PT S AU Chou, J Kim, J Rotem, D AF Chou, Jerry Kim, Jinoh Rotem, Doron GP IEEE TI Energy-Aware Scheduling in Disk Storage Systems SO 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS (ICDCS 2011) SE IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Distributed Proc ID INDEPENDENT SET PROBLEM; MANAGEMENT AB This paper deals with the problem of scheduling requests on disks for minimizing energy consumption. We first analyze several versions of the energy-aware disk scheduling problem based on assumptions on the arrival pattern of the requests. We show that the corresponding optimization problems are NP-complete by reduction to the set cover or the independent set problem. Then both optimal and heuristic scheduling algorithms are proposed to maximize the energy saving of a storage system. Our evaluation results using two realistic traces show that our approach significantly reduces energy consumption up to 55% and achieves fewer disk spin-up/down operations and shorter request response time as compared to other approaches. C1 [Chou, Jerry; Kim, Jinoh; Rotem, Doron] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chou, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jchou@lbl.gov; jinohkim@lbl.gov; d_rotem@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6927 BN 978-0-7695-4364-2 J9 INT CON DISTR COMP S PY 2011 BP 423 EP 433 DI 10.1109/ICDCS.2011.40 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BWW04 UT WOS:000295121900041 ER PT S AU Chin, JC Yau, DKY Rao, NSV AF Chin, Jren-Chit Yau, David K. Y. Rao, Nageswara S. V. GP IEEE TI Efficient and Robust Localization of Multiple Radiation Sources in Complex Environments SO 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS (ICDCS 2011) SE IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Distributed Proc (TCDP) AB We present a robust localization algorithm for multiple radiation sources using a network of sensors under random underlying physical processes and measurement errors. The proposed solution uses a hybrid formulation of particle filter and mean-shift techniques to achieve several important features that address major challenges faced by existing localization algorithms. First, our algorithm is able to maintain a constant number of estimation (source) parameters even as the number of radiation sources K increases. In existing algorithms, the number of estimation parameters is proportional to K and thus the algorithm complexity grows exponentially with K. Second, to decide the number of sources K, existing algorithms either require the information to be known in advance or rely on expensive statistical estimations that do not scale well with K. Instead, our algorithm efficiently learns the number of sources from the estimated source parameters. Third, when obstacles are present, our algorithm can exploit the obstacles to achieve better isolation between the source signatures, thereby increasing the localization accuracy in complex deployment environments. In contrast, incompletely specified obstacles will significantly degrade the accuracy of existing algorithms due to their unpredictable effects on the source signatures. We present extensive simulation results to demonstrate that our algorithm has robust performance in complex deployment environments, and its efficiency is scalable to many radiation sources in these environments. C1 [Chin, Jren-Chit; Yau, David K. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yau, David K. Y.] Adv Digital Sci Ctr, Singapore, Singapore. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Chin, JC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jcchin@cs.purdue.edu; yau@cs.purdue.edu; raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6927 BN 978-0-7695-4364-2 J9 INT CON DISTR COMP S PY 2011 BP 780 EP 789 DI 10.1109/ICDCS.2011.94 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BWW04 UT WOS:000295121900075 ER PT J AU Storlie, CB Hannig, J Lee, TCM AF Storlie, Curtis B. Hannig, Jan Lee, Thomas C. M. TI Statistical consistency of the data association problem in multiple target tracking SO ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Data association; in-fill asymptotics; multiple hypothesis tracking; multiple target tracking; merging; splitting; Brownian motion ID PROBABILISTIC DATA ASSOCIATION; MONTE-CARLO METHODS; UNRESOLVED MEASUREMENTS; HYPOTHESIS TRACKING; INITIATION AB Simultaneous tracking of multiple moving objects extracted from an image sequence is an important problem which finds numerous applications in science and engineering. In this article we conduct an investigation of the theoretical properties a statistical model for tracking such moving objects, or targets. This tracking model allows for birth, death, splitting and merging of targets, and uses a Markov model to decide the times at which such events occur. This model also assumes that the track traveled by each target behaves like a Gaussian process. The estimated tracking solution is obtained via maximum likelihood. One of the contributions of this article is to establish the almost sure consistency to the data association problem by using these maximum likelihood tracking estimates. A major technical challenge for proving this consistency result is to identify the correct track (data association) amongst a group of similar (but incorrect) track proposals that are results of various combinations of target birth, death, splitting and/or merging. This consistency property of the tracking estimates is empirically verified by numerical experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a comprehensive study is performed for the large sample properties of a multiple target tracking method. In addition, the issue of how to quantify the confidence of a tracking estimate is also addressed. C1 [Storlie, Curtis B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hannig, Jan] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lee, Thomas C. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Storlie, CB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM storlie@lanl.gov; jan.hannig@unc.edu; tcmlee@ucdavis.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0707037, 1007543, 1016441, 1007520] FX The authors are grateful to the reviewers and an associate editor, for their most constructive comments, most of which are incorporated in the current version of this article. The authors' work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants 0707037, 1007543, 1016441, and 1007520. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1935-7524 J9 ELECTRON J STAT JI Electron. J. Stat. PY 2011 VL 5 BP 1227 EP 1275 DI 10.1214/11-EJS639 PG 49 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 835BK UT WOS:000296008000001 ER PT S AU Anderson, CN Miyakawa, RH Naulleau, PP AF Anderson, Christopher N. Miyakawa, Ryan H. Naulleau, Patrick P. BE LaFontaine, BM Naulleau, PP TI Low-speckle holographic beam shaping of high-coherence EUV sources SO EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET (EUV) LITHOGRAPHY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography II CY FEB 28-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, Cymer, Inc DE Coherence; Uniformity; Homogenize; Hologram; HOE; Illumination; Lithography; EUV; Speckle ID PHASE AB This paper describes a method to arbitrarily shape and homogenize high-coherence extreme ultraviolet sources using time-varying holographic optical elements and a scanning subsystem to mitigate speckle. In systems with integration times longer than 100 ms, a speckle contrast below 1% can be achieved. C1 [Anderson, Christopher N.; Miyakawa, Ryan H.; Naulleau, Patrick P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anderson, CN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cnanderson@lbl.gov RI Anderson, Christopher/H-9526-2015 OI Anderson, Christopher/0000-0002-2710-733X NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-528-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 7969 AR 796938 DI 10.1117/12.881553 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA BWM07 UT WOS:000294218000104 ER PT S AU Anderson, CN Baclea-An, LM Denham, PE George, SA Goldberg, KA Jones, MS Smith, NS Wallow, TA Montgomery, W Naulleau, PP AF Anderson, Christopher N. Baclea-An, Lorie Mae Denham, Paul E. George, Simi A. Goldberg, Kenneth A. Jones, Michael S. Smith, Nathan S. Wallow, Thomas A. Montgomery, Warren Naulleau, Patrick P. BE LaFontaine, BM Naulleau, PP TI The SEMATECH Berkeley MET: extending EUV learning to 16-nm half pitch SO EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET (EUV) LITHOGRAPHY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography II CY FEB 28-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, Cymer, Inc DE EUV; MET; Resist; Lithography; Berkeley; Phase-Shift-Mask; Frequency Doubling; SEMATECH; 22 nm; 16 nm AB Several high-performing resists identified in the past two years have been exposed at the 0.3-numerical-aperture (NA) SEMATECH Berkeley Microfield Exposure Tool (BMET) with an engineered dipole illumination optimized for 18-nm half pitch. Five chemically amplified platforms were found to support 20-nm dense patterning at a film thickness of approximately 45 nm. At 19-nm half pitch, however, scattered bridging kept all of these resists from cleanly resolving larger areas of dense features. At 18-nm half pitch, none of the resists were are able to cleanly resolve a single line within a bulk pattern. With this same illumination a directly imageable metal oxide hardmask showed excellent performance from 22-nm half pitch to 17-nm half pitch, and good performance at 16-nm half pitch, closely following the predicted aerial image contrast. This indicates that observed limitations of the chemically amplified resists are indeed coming from the resist and not from a shortcoming of the exposure tool. The imageable hardmask was also exposed using a Pseudo Phase-Shift-Mask technique and achieved clean printing of 15-nm half pitch lines and modulation all the way down to the theoretical 12.5-nm resolution limit of the 0.3-NA SEMATECH BMET. C1 [Anderson, Christopher N.; Baclea-An, Lorie Mae; Denham, Paul E.; George, Simi A.; Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Jones, Michael S.; Smith, Nathan S.; Naulleau, Patrick P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anderson, CN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cnanderson@lbl.gov RI Anderson, Christopher/H-9526-2015 OI Anderson, Christopher/0000-0002-2710-733X NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-528-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 7969 AR 79690R DI 10.1117/12.881573 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BWM07 UT WOS:000294218000025 ER PT S AU Mochi, I Goldberg, KA Xie, R Yan, PY Yamazoe, K AF Mochi, Iacopo Goldberg, Kenneth A. Xie, Ryan Yan, Pei-Yang Yamazoe, Kenji BE LaFontaine, BM Naulleau, PP TI Quantitative evaluation of mask phase defects from through-focus EUV aerial images SO EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET (EUV) LITHOGRAPHY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography II CY FEB 28-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, Cymer, Inc DE Extreme ultra violet; mask; phase defect; reconstruction ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; RETRIEVAL AB We present an improved method of phase retrieval from through-focus image series with higher precision and reduced sensitivity to noise. The previous method, developed for EUV, actinic mask measurements, was based on the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm and made use of two aerial images recorded in different focal planes. The new technique improves the reconstruction uncertainty and increases the convergence speed by integrating information contained in multiple images from a through focus series. Simulations characterize the new technique in terms of convergence speed, accuracy and stability in presence of photon noise. We have demonstrated the phase-reconstruction method on native, mask-blank phase defects and compared the results with phase predictions made from AFM data collected after the multilayer deposition. Measurements show that a defect's top-surface height profile is not a reliable predictor of phase change in all cases. The method and the current results can be applied to improve defect modeling and to enhance our understanding of the detectability and printability of native phase defects. C1 [Mochi, Iacopo; Goldberg, Kenneth A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94120 USA. RP Mochi, I (reprint author), CXRO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM imochi@lbl.gov NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-528-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 7969 AR 79691X DI 10.1117/12.881652 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BWM07 UT WOS:000294218000065 ER PT J AU Mishra, KK Blakely, EA Daftari, IK Iler, J Badri, A Weinberg, V Faddegon, B Castro, JR Phillips, TL Roach, M AF Mishra, K. K. Blakely, E. A. Daftari, I. K. Iler, J. Badri, A. Weinberg, V. Faddegon, B. Castro, J. R. Phillips, T. L. Roach, M. TI Long Term Follow-up after Charged Particle Therapy for Chordomas and Chondrosarcomas of the Head and Neck: the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)/University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Experience SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mishra, K. K.; Daftari, I. K.; Weinberg, V.; Faddegon, B.; Castro, J. R.; Phillips, T. L.; Roach, M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Blakely, E. A.; Iler, J.; Badri, A.; Castro, J. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PY 2011 VL 81 IS 2 SU S BP S155 EP S155 PG 1 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 840AX UT WOS:000296411700312 ER PT J AU Amine, K Chen, ZH Zhang, Z Liu, J Lu, WQ Qin, Y Lu, J Curtis, L Sun, YK AF Amine, Khalil Chen, Zonghai Zhang, Z. Liu, Jun Lu, Wenquan Qin, Yan Lu, Jun Curtis, Larry Sun, Yang-Kook TI Mechanism of capacity fade of MCMB/Li-1.1[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3](0.9)O-2 cell at elevated temperature and additives to improve its cycle life SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; ION CELLS; ELECTROLYTE; SYSTEM; ANODE; SALT AB The performance degradation of graphite/Li-1.1[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3](0.9)O-2 lithium-ion cells at elevated temperature was investigated. The electrochemical data suggest that the migration of dissolved transition metals from the cathode to the anode is the key contributor to the performance degradation. With the help of density function theory calculations, lithium difluoro[oxalato] borate was tested to be an effective electrolyte additive to mitigate the performance degradation of lithium-ion cells. The application of this novel electrolyte additive was found to significantly improve both the life and safety characteristics of graphite/Li-1.1[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3](0.9)O-2 lithium-ion cells. C1 [Amine, Khalil; Chen, Zonghai; Zhang, Z.; Liu, Jun; Lu, Wenquan; Qin, Yan; Lu, Jun; Curtis, Larry] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sun, Yang-Kook] Hanyang Univ, Dept WCU Energy Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Chen, Zonghai/K-8745-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; FU U.S. Department of Energy; FreedomCAR; Vehicle Technologies Office; U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy [20104010100560]; Korea Research Foundation; Korean Government (MEST) [KRF-2008-220-D00035] FX Research funded by U.S. Department of Energy, FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was also supported by the Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy (No. 20104010100560) and the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (KRF-2008-220-D00035). NR 20 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 6 U2 87 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 44 BP 17754 EP 17759 DI 10.1039/c1jm11584g PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 839SX UT WOS:000296390600032 ER PT J AU Adams, BW AF Adams, B. W. TI Space-time control of nuclear gamma-ray superradiance SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article DE superradiance; control; nuclear resonance; prompt-pulse problem; dynamic phase; pulsed magnetic field AB Nuclear resonant gamma-ray absorption has important practical applications through Mossbauer spectroscopy. At synchrotron-radiation facilities, it is most often used in the time domain, i.e. analysis of the temporal patterns after pulsed excitation. In this context, superradiant speedup and directional re-emission are observed. This text proposes ways to manipulate the superradiant emission in energy/time and momentum/space by introducing controlled dynamic-phase shifts using, for example, static or pulsed magnetic fields. Possible applications are discussed, in particular a solution to the prompt-pulse problem, i.e. the massive overload of detectors by the synchrotron-radiation pulses. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Adams, BW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM adams@aps.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Discussion contributions by M.O. Scully, R. Rohlsberger, J. Evers, and A. Palffy are gratefully acknowledged. Independently of this work, R. R., J.E. and A. P. had been considering the use of dynamic phases due to static magnetic fields. I would also like to thank the anonymous reviewer for detailed criticism that greatly improved this text. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PY 2011 VL 58 IS 18 BP 1638 EP 1643 DI 10.1080/09500340.2011.615953 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 842FV UT WOS:000296580200006 ER PT J AU Da Veiga, LB Lipnikov, K Manzini, G AF Da Veiga, L. Beirao Lipnikov, K. Manzini, G. TI ARBITRARY-ORDER NODAL MIMETIC DISCRETIZATIONS OF ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS ON POLYGONAL MESHES SO SIAM JOURNAL ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE diffusion problem; Poisson equation; mimetic finite difference method; polygonal mesh; generalized mesh; high-order scheme ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD; DIFFUSION-PROBLEMS; POLYHEDRAL MESHES; CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS; ELEMENT STRATEGY; ERROR ESTIMATOR; STOKES PROBLEM; APPROXIMATION AB We develop and analyze a new family of mimetic methods on unstructured polygonal meshes for the diffusion problem in primal form. These methods are derived from the local consistency condition that is exact for polynomials of any degree m >= 1. The degrees of freedom are (a) solution values at the quadrature nodes of the Gauss-Lobatto formulas on each mesh edge, and (b) solution moments inside polygons. The convergence of the method is proven theoretically and an optimal error estimate is derived in a mesh-dependent norm that mimics the energy norm. Numerical experiments confirm the convergence rate that is expected from the theory. C1 [Da Veiga, L. Beirao] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat F Enriques, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Lipnikov, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manzini, G.] CNR, Ist Matemat Applicata Tecnol Informat IMATI, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Da Veiga, LB (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat F Enriques, Via Saldini 50, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM lourenco.beirao@unimi.it; lipnikov@lanl.gov; marco.manzini@imati.cnr.it RI Beirao da Veiga, Lourenco/A-8080-2010; OI Manzini, Gianmarco/0000-0003-3626-3112 FU Department of Energy (DOE) FX Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (lipnikov@lanl.gov). This author's work was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematics. NR 43 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0036-1429 J9 SIAM J NUMER ANAL JI SIAM J. Numer. Anal. PY 2011 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1737 EP 1760 DI 10.1137/100807764 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842NG UT WOS:000296605600001 ER PT J AU Krasny, R Wang, L AF Krasny, Robert Wang, Lei TI FAST EVALUATION OF MULTIQUADRIC RBF SUMS BY A CARTESIAN TREECODE SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE fast summation; multiquadric radial basis function; treecode; Taylor series ID RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS; BASIS FUNCTION INTERPOLATION; FAST MULTIPOLE ALGORITHM; VORTEX SHEET MOTION; ADAPTIVE TREECODE; SPHERE; CODE; CONVERGENCE; SIMULATIONS; EXPANSIONS AB A treecode is presented for evaluating sums defined in terms of the multiquadric radial basis function (RBF), phi(x) = (vertical bar x vertical bar(2) + c(2))(1/2), where x is an element of R(3) and c >= 0. Given a set of N nodes, evaluating an RBF sum directly requires CPU time that scales like O(N(2)). For a given level of accuracy, the treecode reduces the CPU time to O(N log N) using a far-field expansion of phi(x). We consider two options for the far-field expansion: (1) a Laurent series previously used in applications of the Fast Multipole Method to multiquadric RBFs, and (2) a certain Taylor series previously used in treecode particle simulations, but not yet in the context of multiquadric RBFs. It is known that the Laurent series converges when the RBF parameter c lies in an interval 0 <= c <= (c) over bar, where (c) over bar is proportional to the minimum node spacing, but here we show that the Taylor series converges uniformly for c >= 0. We implement the treecode in Cartesian coordinates and use a recurrence relation to compute the Taylor coefficients. Numerical results exhibit the treecode error, CPU time, and memory usage in two test cases, random nodes in a cube and on the surface of a sphere. The treecode approach presented here is applicable to generalized multiquadrics in any dimension. C1 [Krasny, Robert] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wang, Lei] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Krasny, R (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM krasny@umich.edu; lwang@mcs.anl.gov FU NSF [ATM-0723440]; UCAR [S07-59369] FX Submitted to the journal's Methods and Algorithms for Scientific Computing section December 11, 2009; accepted for publication (in revised form) June 27, 2011; published electronically September 22, 2011. This work was supported by NSF grant ATM-0723440 and UCAR grant S07-59369. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2341 EP 2355 DI 10.1137/090779851 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842IM UT WOS:000296591200010 ER PT J AU Jia, J Liu, J AF Jia, Jun Liu, Jie TI STABLE AND SPECTRALLY ACCURATE SCHEMES FOR THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes equations; Krylov deferred correction; pressure Poisson equation; open and traction boundary conditions ID DEFERRED CORRECTION METHODS; FRACTIONAL-STEP METHOD; PROJECTION METHODS; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; BOUNDARY-CONDITION; SOLVERS; CONVERGENCE; ISSUES; MATLAB AB In this paper, we present an accurate, efficient and stable numerical method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs). The method is based on (1) an equivalent pressure Poisson equation formulation of the NSE with proper pressure boundary conditions, which facilitates the design of high-order and stable numerical methods, and (2) the Krylov deferred correction (KDC) accelerated method of lines transpose (MoL(T)), which is very stable, efficient, and of arbitrary order in time. Numerical tests with known exact solutions in three dimensions show that the new method is spectrally accurate in time, and a numerical order of convergence 9 was observed. Two-dimensional computational results of flow past a cylinder and flow in a bifurcated tube are also reported. C1 [Jia, Jun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Math Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Liu, Jie] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Math, Singapore 119076, Singapore. RP Jia, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Math Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jiaj@ornl.gov; matlj@nus.edu.sg OI Liu, Jie/0000-0002-7865-5651 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0500OR22750]; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; National University of Singapore [R-146-000-129-133] FX Submitted to the journal's Computational Methods in Science and Engineering section March 29, 2009; accepted for publication (in revised form) June 27, 2011; published electronically September 29, 2011. This work was performed by an employee of the U.S. Government or under U.S. Government contract. The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Goverment purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these rights.; Computational Mathematics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (jiaj@ornl.gov). The work of this author was performed under contract number DE-AC0500OR22750 between the U.S. Department of Energy and Oak Ridge Associated Universities.; Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119076 (matlj@nus.edu.sg). This author was supported by a start-up grant from the National University of Singapore, R-146-000-129-133. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2421 EP 2439 DI 10.1137/090754340 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842IM UT WOS:000296591200014 ER PT J AU Brunner, TA Kolev, TV AF Brunner, Thomas A. Kolev, Tzanio V. TI ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS OBTAINED BY EXPLICIT ELEMENT REDUCTION SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE algebraic multigrid; static condensation; auxiliary space solvers; electromagnetic problems; Schur complement reduction ID MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; FINITE-ELEMENTS; H(CURL); SOLVERS; ENERGY; AMG AB We consider sparse linear systems, where a set of "interior" degrees of freedom have been eliminated in order to reduce the problem size. This elimination is assumed to be local, so the "interior" principal submatrix is block-diagonal, and the resulting Schur complement is still sparse. For it to be beneficial, the elimination process should lead to reduced memory requirements, but equally importantly, it should also result in an algebraic problem that can be solved efficiently. In this paper we propose a general element reduction approach and show how the elimination process can exploit a particular "subzonal" discretization to maintain the sparsity of the Schur complement. We also investigate algebraic multigrid (AMG) solution algorithms applied to the reduced problem, and we discuss the influence of the local elimination on solver-related properties of the matrix, such as near-nullspace preservation and the availability of stable subspace decompositions. We focus on BoomerAMG, a parallel variant of classical Ruge-Stuben AMG, applied to scalar diffusion problems [V. Henson and U. Yang, Appl. Numer. Math., 41 (2002), pp. 155-177], and the auxiliary-space Maxwell solver (AMS) for electromagnetic diffusion applications [T. Kolev and P. Vassilevski, J. Comput. Math., 27 (2009), pp. 604-623]. In the electromagnetic case, we establish algebraically a reduced version of the Hiptmair-Xu decomposition from [R. Hiptmair and J. Xu, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 45 (2007), pp. 2483-2509] and consider a modification of the reduction process that targets the singular problems arising in simulations with pure void (zero conductivity) regions. For scalar diffusion problems, our particular stencil analysis shows that the reduction has a positive effect on meshes with stretched elements. We present a number of two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and axisymmetric numerical experiments, which demonstrate that the combination of an appropriately chosen local elimination with the use of the BoomerAMG and AMS solvers can lead to significant improvements in the overall solution time. C1 [Brunner, Thomas A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Brunner, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Weap & Complex Integrat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brunner6@llnl.gov; tzanio@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-440891] FX Received by the editors July 12, 2010; accepted for publication ( in revised form) January 10, 2011; published electronically October 27, 2011. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-440891. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2706 EP 2731 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842IM UT WOS:000296591200028 ER PT J AU Baker, AH Falgout, RD Kolev, TV Yang, UM AF Baker, Allison H. Falgout, Robert D. Kolev, Tzanio V. Yang, Ulrike Meier TI MULTIGRID SMOOTHERS FOR ULTRAPARALLEL COMPUTING SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE algebraic multigrid; smoothers; parallel computing ID VARIATIONAL-PROBLEMS; CONVERGENCE RATE; GAUSS-SEIDEL; V-CYCLE; RELAXATION; INTERPOLATION; SOLVER; AMG AB This paper investigates the properties of smoothers in the context of algebraic multigrid (AMG) running on parallel computers with potentially millions of processors. The development of multigrid smoothers in this case is challenging, because some of the best relaxation schemes, such as the Gauss-Seidel (GS) algorithm, are inherently sequential. Based on the sharp two-grid multigrid theory from [R.D. Falgout and P.S. Vassilevski, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 42 (2004), pp. 1669-1693] and [R.D. Falgout, P.S. Vassilevski, and L.T. Zikatanov, Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., 12 (2005), pp. 471-494] we characterize the smoothing properties of a number of practical candidates for parallel smoothers, including several C-F, polynomial, and hybrid schemes. We show, in particular, that the popular hybrid GS algorithm has multigrid smoothing properties which are independent of the number of processors in many practical applications, provided that the problem size per processor is large enough. This is encouraging news for the scalability of AMG on ultraparallel computers. We also introduce the more robust l(1) smoothers, which are always convergent and have already proven essential for the parallel solution of some electromagnetic problems [T. Kolev and P. Vassilevski, J. Comput. Math., 27 (2009), pp. 604-623]. C1 [Baker, Allison H.; Falgout, Robert D.; Kolev, Tzanio V.; Yang, Ulrike Meier] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Baker, AH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 808,L-561, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM abaker@llnl.gov; rfalgout@llnl.gov; tzanio@llnl.gov; umyang@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-435315)] FX Received by the editors June 15, 2010; accepted for publication (in revised form) May 18, 2011; published electronically October 27, 2011. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-435315). NR 38 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2864 EP 2887 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842IM UT WOS:000296591200035 ER PT J AU Constantine, PG Gleich, DF Iaccarino, G AF Constantine, Paul G. Gleich, David F. Iaccarino, Gianluca TI A FACTORIZATION OF THE SPECTRAL GALERKIN SYSTEM FOR PARAMETERIZED MATRIX EQUATIONS: DERIVATION AND APPLICATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE parameterized systems; spectral methods; stochastic Galerkin ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; STOCHASTIC COEFFICIENTS; DIFFUSION PROBLEM; LINEAR-EQUATIONS AB Recent work has explored solver strategies for the linear system of equations arising from a spectral Galerkin approximation of the solution of PDEs with parameterized (or stochastic) inputs. We consider the related problem of a matrix equation whose matrix and right-hand side depend on a set of parameters (e.g., a PDE with stochastic inputs semidiscretized in space) and examine the linear system arising from a similar Galerkin approximation of the solution. We derive a useful factorization of this system of equations, which yields bounds on the eigenvalues, clues to preconditioning, and a flexible implementation method for a wide array of problems. We complement this analysis with (i) a numerical study of preconditioners on a standard elliptic PDE test problem and (ii) a fluids application using existing CFD codes; the MATLAB codes used in the numerical studies are available online. C1 [Constantine, Paul G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gleich, David F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Iaccarino, Gianluca] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Iaccarino, Gianluca] Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Constantine, PG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pconsta@sandia.gov; dgleich@purdue.edu; jops@stanford.edu RI Iaccarino, Gianluca/H-5284-2011; Constantine, Paul/G-6394-2015 OI Constantine, Paul/0000-0003-3726-6307 FU Department of Energy [National Nuclear Security Administration] [NA28614]; U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Received by the editors June 16, 2010; accepted for publication (in revised form) July 5, 2011; published electronically October 27, 2011. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy [National Nuclear Security Administration] under award NA28614. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 2995 EP 3009 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 842IM UT WOS:000296591200041 ER PT J AU Takagi, H Saeki, T Oda, T Saito, M Valsala, V Belikov, D Saito, R Yoshida, Y Morino, I Uchino, O Andres, RJ Yokota, T Maksyutov, S AF Takagi, H. Saeki, T. Oda, T. Saito, M. Valsala, V. Belikov, D. Saito, R. Yoshida, Y. Morino, I. Uchino, O. Andres, R. J. Yokota, T. Maksyutov, S. TI On the Benefit of GOSAT Observations to the Estimation of Regional CO2 Fluxes SO SOLA LA English DT Article ID GASES OBSERVING SATELLITE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; INVERSION; TRANSPORT; MODEL; SENSITIVITY; SINKS AB We assessed the utility of global CO2 distributions brought by the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) in the estimation of regional CO2 fluxes. We did so by estimating monthly fluxes and their uncertainty over a one-year period between June 2009 and May 2010 from 1) observational data collected in existing networks of surface CO2 measurement sites (GLOBALVIEW-CO2 2010; extrapolated to the year 2010) and 2) both the surface observations and column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 (X-CO2) retrieved from GOSAT soundings. Monthly means of the surface observations and GOSAT X-CO2 retrievals gridded to 5 degrees x 5 degrees cells were used here. The estimation was performed for 64 subcontinental-scale regions. We compared these two sets of results in terms of change in uncertainty associated with the flux estimates. The rate of reduction in the flux uncertainty, which represents the degree to which the GOSAT X-CO2 retrievals contribute to constraining the fluxes, was evaluated. We found that the GOSAT X-CO2 retrievals could lower the flux uncertainty by as much as 48% (annual mean). Pronounced uncertainty reduction was found in the fluxes estimated for regions in Africa, South America, and Asia, where the sparsity of the surface monitoring sites is most evident. C1 [Takagi, H.; Saeki, T.; Oda, T.; Saito, M.; Valsala, V.; Belikov, D.; Saito, R.; Yoshida, Y.; Morino, I.; Uchino, O.; Yokota, T.; Maksyutov, S.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Andres, R. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Maksyutov, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. EM shamil@nies.go.jp RI ANDRES, ROBERT/B-9786-2012; Morino, Isamu/K-1033-2014; Maksyutov, Shamil/G-6494-2011; Belikov, Dmitry/I-9877-2016; OI Morino, Isamu/0000-0003-2720-1569; Maksyutov, Shamil/0000-0002-1200-9577; ANDRES, ROBERT/0000-0001-8781-4979 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 12 PU METEOROLOGICAL SOC JPN PI TOKYO PA C/O JPN METEOROL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100-0004, JAPAN SN 1349-6476 J9 SOLA JI SOLA PY 2011 VL 7 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.2151/sola.2011-041 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 842BT UT WOS:000296562500003 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Understanding Adult Functional Literacy Connecting Text Features, Task Demands, and Respondent Skills Introduction SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 16 PG 16 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900002 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Understanding Adult Functional Literacy Connecting Text Features, Task Demands, and Respondent Skills Preface SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP IX EP + PG 14 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900001 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Cognitive and Linguistic Demands of Literacy Tasks SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 17 EP 41 PG 25 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900003 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Skill Sets Used to Meet Literacy Task Demands SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 42 EP 66 PG 25 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900004 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Text Features That Influence Task Ease or Difficulty SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 67 EP 123 PG 57 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900005 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI The Text-Task-Respondent Theory of Functional Literacy SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 124 EP 163 PG 40 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900006 ER PT B AU White, S AF White, Sheida BA White, S BF White, S TI Progress, Limitations, Considerations, and Practical Implications SO UNDERSTANDING ADULT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY: CONNECTING TEXT FEATURES, TASK DEMANDS, AND RESPONDENT SKILLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Ctr Educ Stat, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-84188-4 PY 2011 BP 164 EP 243 PG 80 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BUR53 UT WOS:000290151900007 ER EF