FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Zhang, F
Allen, AJ
Levine, LE
Ilavsky, J
Long, GG
Sandy, AR
AF Zhang, F.
Allen, A. J.
Levine, L. E.
Ilavsky, J.
Long, G. G.
Sandy, A. R.
TI Development of ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering-X-ray photon
correlation spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy; ultra-small-angle X-ray
scattering; equilibrium dynamics; non-equilibrium dynamics; coherent
X-ray scattering
ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY; POLYSTYRENE LATEX SPHERES; UNDULATOR
RADIATION; CRYSTAL OPTICS; DYNAMICS; DIFFRACTION; COMPOSITES;
SUSPENSION; DIFFUSION; COHERENCE
AB This paper describes the development of ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering-X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS). This technique takes advantage of Bonse-Hart crystal optics and is capable of probing the long-time-scale equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics of optically opaque materials with prominent features in a scattering vector range between those of dynamic light scattering and conventional XPCS. Instrumental parameters for optimal coherent-scattering operation are described. Two examples are offered to illustrate the applicability and capability of USAXS-XPCS. The first example concerns the equilibrium dynamics of colloidal dispersions of polystyrene microspheres in glycerol at 10, 15 and 20% volume concentrations. The temporal intensity autocorrelation analysis shows that the relaxation time of the microspheres decays monotonically as the scattering vector increases. The second example concerns the non-equilibrium dynamics of a polymer nanocomposite, for which it is demonstrated that USAXS-XPCS can reveal incipient dynamical changes not observable by other techniques.
C1 [Zhang, F.; Allen, A. J.; Levine, L. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ilavsky, J.; Long, G. G.; Sandy, A. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zhang, F.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
RP Zhang, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8520, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM fan.zhang@nist.gov
RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011; Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013; USAXS,
APS/D-4198-2013
OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900;
FU US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank J. M. Antonucci, D. Skrtic and J. N. R. O'Donnell of NIST's
Polymers Division for preparing the dental composite samples, K.
Peterson of Argonne's APS Engineering Support Division for help in
optimizing the time resolution of the USAXS photodiode detector, and K.
Beyer and T. Lutes of Argonne's X-ray Science Division instrument loan
pool for lending us the Linkam thermal stage used to control the sample
temperatures. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science
user facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Science, by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE
under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 44
BP 200
EP 212
DI 10.1107/S0021889810053446
PN 1
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 709XS
UT WOS:000286475300025
ER
PT J
AU Archibald, R
Evans, KJ
Drake, J
White, JB
AF Archibald, Rick
Evans, Katherine J.
Drake, John
White, James B., III
TI Multiwavelet Discontinuous Galerkin-Accelerated Exact Linear Part (ELP)
Method for the Shallow-Water Equations on the Cubed Sphere
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SPACE-TIME EXPANSION; SCHEME; MODEL; DISCRETIZATION; APPROXIMATIONS;
INTEGRATION; ALGORITHMS; ADVECTION; BASES; FLOW
AB In this paper a new approach is presented to increase the time-step size for an explicit discontinuous Galerkin numerical method. The attributes Of this approach are demonstrated on standard tests for the shallow-water equations on the sphere. The addition of multiwavelets to the discontinuous Galerkin method, which has the benefit of being scalable, flexible, and conservative, provides a hierarchical scale structure that can be exploited to improve computational efficiency in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. This paper explains how combining a multiwavelet discontinuous Galerkin method with exact-linear-part time evolution schemes, which can remain stable for implicit-sized time steps, can help increase the time-step size for shallow-water equations on the sphere.
C1 [Archibald, Rick; Evans, Katherine J.; Drake, John; White, James B., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Archibald, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM archibaldrk@ornl.gov
RI Archibald, Rick/I-6238-2016;
OI Archibald, Rick/0000-0002-4538-9780; Evans,
Katherine/0000-0001-8174-6450
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research has been sponsored by the Laboratory Research and
Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. government retains a
nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. government
purposes.
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 139
IS 2
BP 457
EP 473
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3271.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 739PE
UT WOS:000288729300009
ER
PT J
AU Li, QX
Lu, WC
Zang, QJ
Zhao, LZ
Wang, CZ
Ho, KM
AF Li, Qiu-Xia
Lu, Wen-Cai
Zang, Qing-Jun
Zhao, Li-Zhen
Wang, C. Z.
Ho, K. M.
TI Carbon-rich C9Sin (n=1-5) clusters from ab initio calculations
SO COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Silicon-carbon clusters; Carbon-rich clusters; C9Sin(n=1-5)
ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON-AFFINITIES; SILICON CLUSTERS;
STABILITY; SI; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTRA; ANIONS; SINCM; AR
AB The carbon-rich structures of C9Sin (n = 1-5) clusters were studied by first-principles density functional calculations using the B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlation energy functional and 6-311++G(2df) basis set. By systematic investigation of the structures and energies, we found that in the structures of the carbon-rich clusters C9Sin (n = 1-5), the C atoms were found to form linear (n = 2), or single-ring (n = 1 and 3) or double-rings (n = 4 and 5) while the Si atoms prefer to attach to the carbon rings in the form of C2Si units. Based on the lowest-energy structures obtained from our calculations, the properties of the clusters such as binding energy, second difference in energy, HOMO-LUMO gap, adiabatic ionization potential (AIP), adiabatic electron affinity (AEA), vibrational frequency, bond orders and NBO charge transfer have been calculated and analyzed. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Qiu-Xia; Lu, Wen-Cai] Jilin Univ, Inst Theoret Chem, State Key Lab Theoret & Computat Chem, Changchun 130021, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Wen-Cai; Zang, Qing-Jun; Zhao, Li-Zhen] Qingdao Univ, Growing Base State Key Lab, Coll Phys, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Wen-Cai; Zang, Qing-Jun; Zhao, Li-Zhen] Qingdao Univ, Growing Base State Key Lab, Lab Fiber Mat & Modern Text, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Lu, WC (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Inst Theoret Chem, State Key Lab Theoret & Computat Chem, Changchun 130021, Jilin, Peoples R China.
EM wencailu@jlu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20773047, 21043001];
Director for Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China under Grant Nos. 20773047 and 21043001. Ames Laboratory is
operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under
Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was also supported by the
Director for Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences including
a grant of computer time at the National Energy Research Supercomputing
Center (NERSC) in Berkeley.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2210-271X
J9 COMPUT THEOR CHEM
JI Comput. Theor. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 963
IS 2-3
BP 439
EP 447
DI 10.1016/j.comptc.2010.11.010
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 741AC
UT WOS:000288834500030
ER
PT J
AU Hua, TQ
Ahluwalia, RK
Peng, JK
Kromer, M
Lasher, S
McKenney, K
Law, K
Sinha, J
AF Hua, T. Q.
Ahluwalia, R. K.
Peng, J. -K.
Kromer, M.
Lasher, S.
McKenney, K.
Law, K.
Sinha, J.
TI Technical assessment of compressed hydrogen storage tank systems for
automotive applications
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen storage; Compressed hydrogen; On-board storage; Type III tank;
Type IV tank
ID FUEL-CELL VEHICLES; ECONOMY
AB The performance and cost of compressed hydrogen storage tank systems has been assessed and compared to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 2010, 2015, and ultimate targets for automotive applications. The on-board performance and high-volume manufacturing cost were determined for compressed hydrogen tanks with design pressures of 350 bar (similar to 5000 psi) and 700 bar (similar to 10,000 psi) capable of storing 5.6 kg of usable hydrogen. The off-board performance and cost of delivering compressed hydrogen was determined for hydrogen produced by central steam methane reforming (SMR). The main conclusions of the assessment are that the 350-bar compressed storage system has the potential to meet the 2010 and 2015 targets for system gravimetric capacity but will not likely meet any of the system targets for volumetric capacity or cost, given our base case assumptions. The 700-bar compressed storage system has the potential to meet only the 2010 target for system gravimetric capacity and is not likely to meet any of the system targets for volumetric capacity or cost, despite the fact that its volumetric capacity is much higher than that of the 350-bar system. Both the 350-bar and 700-bar systems come close to meeting the Well-to-Tank (WTT) efficiency target, but fall short by about 5%. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hua, T. Q.; Ahluwalia, R. K.; Peng, J. -K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kromer, M.; Lasher, S.; McKenney, K.; Law, K.; Sinha, J.] TIAX LLC, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA.
RP Hua, TQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM hua@anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy; Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office
of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program.
The authors thank Dr. Romesh Kumar of Argonne National Laboratory for
many useful discussions and helpful suggestions. Argonne National
Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is
operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 19
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 5
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 4
BP 3037
EP 3049
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.11.090
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740DX
UT WOS:000288772900028
ER
PT J
AU Zhernokletov, MV
Kovalev, AE
Komissarov, VV
Novikov, MG
Zocher, MA
Cherne, FJ
AF Zhernokletov, M. V.
Kovalev, A. E.
Komissarov, V. V.
Novikov, M. G.
Zocher, M. A.
Cherne, F. J.
TI Study of cerium phase transitions in shock wave experiments
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PRESSURE; GAMMA; COMPRESSION; EQUATION; METALS; STATE
AB Cerium has a complex phase diagram that is explained by the presence of structural phase transitions. Experiments to measure the sound velocities in cerium by two methods were carried out to determine the onset of cerium melting on the Hugoniot. In the pressure range 4-37 GPa, the sound velocity in cerium samples was measured by the counter release method using manganin-based piezoresistive gauges. In the pressure range 35-140 GPa, the sound velocity in cerium was measured by the overtaking release method using carbogal and tetrachloromethane indicator liquids. The samples were loaded with plane shock wave generators using powerful explosive charges. The onset of cerium melting on the Hugoniot at a pressure of about 13 GPa has been ascertained from the measured elastic longitudinal and bulk sound velocities.
C1 [Zhernokletov, M. V.; Kovalev, A. E.; Komissarov, V. V.; Novikov, M. G.] All Russia Res Inst Expt Phys VNIIEF, Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Sarov 607190, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia.
[Zocher, M. A.; Cherne, F. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Zhernokletov, MV (reprint author), All Russia Res Inst Expt Phys VNIIEF, Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Pr Mira 37, Sarov 607190, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia.
EM root@gdd.vniief.ru; zocher@lanl.gov; cherne@lanl.gov
OI Cherne, Frank/0000-0002-8589-6058
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7761
J9 J EXP THEOR PHYS+
JI J. Exp. Theor. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 2
BP 212
EP 219
DI 10.1134/S1063776110061196
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 739XN
UT WOS:000288755100006
ER
PT J
AU Puzyn, T
Haranczyk, M
Suzuki, N
Sakurai, T
AF Puzyn, T.
Haranczyk, M.
Suzuki, N.
Sakurai, T.
TI Estimating persistence of brominated and chlorinated organic pollutants
in air, water, soil, and sediments with the QSPR-based classification
scheme
SO MOLECULAR DIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Brominated organic pollutants; Half-lives; QSPR; kNN; Class of
persistence
ID DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; ENVIRONMENTAL QSAR
DATA; PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; QUANTITATIVE
STRUCTURE; MEGAVARIATE ANALYSIS; OH RADICALS; FLY-ASH; CONGENERS
AB We have estimated degradation half-lives of both brominated and chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs and PCDDs), furans (PBDFs and PCDFs), biphenyls (PBBs and PCBs), naphthalenes (PBNs and PCNs), diphenyl ethers (PBDEs and PCDEs) as well as selected unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, surface water, surface soil, and sediments (in total of 1,431 compounds in four compartments). Next, we compared the persistence between chloro- (relatively well-studied) and bromo- (less studied) analogs. The predictions have been performed based on the quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) scheme with use of k-nearest neighbors (kNN) classifier and the semi-quantitative system of persistence classes. The classification models utilized principal components derived from the principal component analysis of a set of 24 constitutional and quantum mechanical descriptors as input variables. Accuracies of classification (based on an external validation) were 86, 85, 87, and 75% for air, surface water, surface soil, and sediments, respectively. The persistence of all chlorinated species increased with increasing halogenation degree. In the case of brominated organic pollutants (Br-OPs), the trend was the same for air and sediments. However, we noticed that the opposite trend for persistence in surface water and soil. The results suggest that, due to high photoreactivity of C-Br chemical bonds, photolytic processes occurring in surface water and soil are able to play significant role in transforming and removing Br-OPs from these compartments. This contribution is the first attempt of classifying together Br-OPs and Cl-OPs according to their persistence, in particular, environmental compartments.
C1 [Puzyn, T.] Univ Gdansk, Fac Chem, Lab Environm Chemometr, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland.
[Haranczyk, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Suzuki, N.; Sakurai, T.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Res Ctr Environm Risk, Exposure Assessment Res Sect, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
RP Puzyn, T (reprint author), Univ Gdansk, Fac Chem, Lab Environm Chemometr, Ul Sobieskiego 18, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland.
EM puzi@qsar.eu.org
RI Sakurai, Takeo/D-6384-2011; Haranczyk, Maciej/A-6380-2014;
OI Sakurai, Takeo/0000-0002-4263-3469; Haranczyk,
Maciej/0000-0001-7146-9568; Puzyn, Tomasz/0000-0003-0449-8339
FU Foundation for Polish Science; Norwegian Financial Mechanism; Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education [DS/8430-4-0171-9]; U. S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EEA Financial Mechanism in
Poland
FX T. P. thanks the Foundation for Polish Science for granting him with a
fellowship and a research grant in frame of the HOMING Program supported
by Norwegian Financial Mechanism and EEA Financial Mechanism in Poland.
This study was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education Grant No. DS/8430-4-0171-9. M. H. is a 2008 Seaborg Fellow at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This research was supported in
part (to M. H.) by the U. S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 56
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 59
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1381-1991
J9 MOL DIVERS
JI Mol. Divers.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 1
SI SI
BP 173
EP 188
DI 10.1007/s11030-010-9250-9
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry,
Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 735ZV
UT WOS:000288460200016
PM 20386980
ER
PT J
AU Dubey, A
Antypas, K
Daley, C
AF Dubey, Anshu
Antypas, Katie
Daley, Christopher
TI Parallel algorithms for moving Lagrangian data on block structured
Eulerian meshes
SO PARALLEL COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Parallel algorithm; Lagrangian data; Tracer particles; Adaptive mesh;
FLASH
ID SIMULATIONS; TURBULENCE; FRAMEWORK; MODEL
AB We present a suite of algorithms for migrating Lagrangian data between processors in a parallel environment when the underlying mesh is Eulerian. The collection of algorithms applies to both uniform and adaptive meshes. The algorithms are implemented in, and distributed with, FLASH, a publicly available multiphysics simulation code. Migrating Lagrangian data on an Eulerian mesh is non-trivial because the Eulerian grid points are spatially fixed whereas Lagrangian entities move with the flow of a simulation. Thus, the movement of Lagrangian data cannot use the data migration methods associated with the Eulerian mesh. Additionally, when the mesh is adaptive, as the simulation progresses the grid resolution changes. The resulting regridding process can cause complex Lagrangian data migration.
The algorithms presented in this paper describe Lagrangian data movement on a static uniform mesh and on an adaptive octree based block-structured mesh. Some of the algorithms are general enough to be applicable to any block structured mesh, while some others exploit the meta-data and structure of PARAMESH, the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) package used in FLASH. We also present an analysis of the algorithms' comparative performances in different parallel environments, and different flow characteristics. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dubey, Anshu; Daley, Christopher] Univ Chicago, ASC Flash Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Antypas, Katie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Dubey, A (reprint author), Univ Chicago, ASC Flash Ctr, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM dubey@flash.uchicago.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [B523820]
FX The authors thank Paul Ricker and Paul Matthew Sutter for giving them
invaluable feedback on performance bottlenecks in particles
implementation, and sharing the performance statistics from their
cosmology production run. This work is supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy under Grant No. B523820 to the Center for Astrophysical
Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago.
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8191
J9 PARALLEL COMPUT
JI Parallel Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 2
BP 101
EP 113
DI 10.1016/j.parco.2011.01.001
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 738HY
UT WOS:000288632100003
ER
PT J
AU Allen, FI
Watanabe, M
Lee, Z
Balsara, NP
Minor, AM
AF Allen, F. I.
Watanabe, M.
Lee, Z.
Balsara, N. P.
Minor, A. M.
TI Chemical mapping of a block copolymer electrolyte by low-loss EFTEM
spectrum-imaging and principal component analysis
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE EFTEM; Spectrum-imaging; Plasmon; PCA; Chemical mapping; Block copolymer
ID MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; INFORMATION; EELS; SPECTROSCOPY;
POLYMERS; SERIES
AB Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy spectrum-imaging (EFTEM SI) in the low electron energy-loss range is a valuable technique for probing the chemical structure of a material with nanoscale spatial resolution using a reduced electron dose. By analyzing EFTEM SI datasets using principal component analysis (PCA), the constituent chemical phases of the material can be identified in an efficient manner without prior knowledge of the specimen. We implement low-loss EFTEM SI together with PCA to investigate thin films of the block copolymer electrolyte poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) blended with a sodium salt. PCA identifies three main phases, the first and second phases corresponding to the two blocks of the copolymer and a third phase corresponding to the salt. The low-loss spectra for these phases are extracted from a noise-reduced EFTEM SI dataset and used to generate a chemical map of the material by multiple linear least square fitting. We validate the results of the low-loss EFTEM SI/PCA technique by applying the method to a control PS-b-PEO sample that does not contain the sodium salt, and by conducting spatially resolved X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry on the salt-containing PS-b-PEO thin film. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Allen, F. I.; Lee, Z.; Minor, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Allen, F. I.; Minor, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Watanabe, M.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
[Balsara, N. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, N. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy & Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, N. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Allen, FI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM FIAllen@lbl.gov
RI Lee, Zonghoon/G-1474-2011
OI Lee, Zonghoon/0000-0003-3246-4072
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science
and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC0205CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC0205CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC0205CH11231. The
experiments were performed at the National Center for Electron
Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by
the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User
Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no.
DE-AC0205CH11231. We thank Dr. Mohit Singh for the synthesis of the
block copolymer, together with Dr. William Hudson, Greg Stone and Scott
Mullin for helpful advice on the preparation of the TEM samples.
NR 30
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 3
BP 239
EP 244
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.11.035
PG 6
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 738KH
UT WOS:000288638200008
PM 21333861
ER
PT J
AU Sarahan, MC
Chi, MF
Masiel, DJ
Browning, ND
AF Sarahan, Michael C.
Chi, Miaofang
Masiel, Daniel J.
Browning, Nigel D.
TI Point defect characterization in HAADF-STEM images using multivariate
statistical analysis
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE STEM; Multivariate statistical analysis; Point defect; Image processing
ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY;
MATERIALS SCIENCE; ALGORITHMS; SEPARATION; SERIES
AB Quantitative analysis of point defects is demonstrated through the use of multivariate statistical analysis. This analysis consists of principal component analysis for dimensional estimation and reduction, followed by independent component analysis to obtain physically meaningful, statistically independent factor images. Results from these analyses are presented in the form of factor images and scores. Factor images show characteristic intensity variations corresponding to physical structure changes, while scores relate how much those variations are present in the original data. The application of this technique is demonstrated on a set of experimental images of dislocation cores along a low-angle tilt grain boundary in strontium titanate. A relationship between chemical composition and lattice strain is highlighted in the analysis results, with picometer-scale shifts in several columns measurable from compositional changes in a separate column. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sarahan, Michael C.] STFC Daresbury, SuperSTEM Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England.
[Sarahan, Michael C.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 UQQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Sarahan, Michael C.; Masiel, Daniel J.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Browning, Nigel D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Chi, Miaofang] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sarahan, MC (reprint author), STFC Daresbury, SuperSTEM Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England.
EM msarahan@superstem.org
RI Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015;
OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER46057]; Materials Design
Institute, Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANS [25110-002-06];
University of California; EPSRC; LLNL
FX MCS thanks David Morgan, Quentin Ramasse, Chad Parish and Paul Kotula
for helpful conversation and Bernhard Schaffer, Patricia Abellan, and
the journal referees for productive comments on this manuscript. This
work was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Grant no.
DE-FG02-03ER46057 and by the Materials Design Institute, Los Alamos
National Laboratory, LANS contract 25110-002-06, Mod 6 and by a
University of California Lab Management Fees Award. SuperSTEM is funded
by EPSRC. M. Chi was supported by an LLNL SEGRF fellowship during the
TEM work of this paper.
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 3
BP 251
EP 257
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.11.033
PG 7
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 738KH
UT WOS:000288638200010
PM 21333863
ER
PT J
AU Warren, G
Gray, GT
AF Warren, Garry
Gray, George T., III
TI The Journal Talks with 2010 TMS President George T. Gray III
SO JOM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gray, George T., III] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 734MT
UT WOS:000288338900002
ER
PT J
AU Hrma, P
Marcial, J
Swearingen, KJ
Henager, SH
Schweiger, MJ
TeGrotenhuis, NE
AF Hrma, Pavel
Marcial, Jose
Swearingen, Kevin J.
Henager, Samuel H.
Schweiger, Michael J.
TeGrotenhuis, Nathan E.
TI Conversion of batch to molten glass, II: Dissolution of quartz particles
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Glass formation; Quartz; Melting; Borosilicates; Diffusion
ID LIME SILICATE GLASS; SODIUM-CARBONATE; THERMAL-ANALYSIS; MELTING
PROCESS; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; GLASSMELTING PROCESS;
MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; SAND-DISSOLUTION; MASS-TRANSFER; SODA
AB Quartz dissolution during the batch-to-glass conversion influences the melt viscosity and ultimately the temperature at which the glass forms. Batches to make a high-alumina borosilicate glass (formulated for the vitrification of nuclear waste) were heated at 5 K min(-1) and quenched from temperatures of 400 to 1200 C at 100 K intervals. The batches contained quartz as a silica source, with particles ranging from 5 to 195 pm in diameter. The content of unreacted quartz in the samples was determined with X-ray diffraction. Most of the fine quartz dissolved during the early batch reactions (at temperatures < 800 degrees C), whereas coarser quartz dissolved mostly in a continuous glass phase via diffusion. The mass-transfer coefficients were assessed from the data as functions of the initial particle sizes and the temperature. A series of batches were also tested that contained nitrated components and additions of sucrose, known to accelerate melting. While sucrose addition had no discernible impact on quartz dissolution, nitrate batches melted somewhat more slowly than batches containing carbonates and hydroxides in addition to nitrates. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hrma, Pavel; Marcial, Jose; Swearingen, Kevin J.; Henager, Samuel H.; Schweiger, Michael J.; TeGrotenhuis, Nathan E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM pavel.hrma@pnl.gov
RI Marcial, Jose/I-9627-2016
OI Marcial, Jose/0000-0001-6156-5310
FU U.S. Department of Energy WTP Federal Project Office Engineering
Division; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-ACO5-76RL01830]
FX The authors are grateful to the U.S. Department of Energy WTP Federal
Project Office Engineering Division for financial support and Albert
Kruger for his assistance and guidance. The authors would like to thank
Dong-Sang Kim for discussions about the waste glass melting process.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-ACO5-76RL01830.
NR 122
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U1 3
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 357
IS 3
BP 820
EP 828
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.11.096
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 733AJ
UT WOS:000288232500006
ER
PT J
AU Henager, SH
Hrma, P
Swearingen, KJ
Schweiger, MJ
Marcial, J
TeGrotenhuis, NE
AF Henager, Samuel H.
Hrma, Pavel
Swearingen, Kevin J.
Schweiger, Michael J.
Marcial, Jose
TeGrotenhuis, Nathan E.
TI Conversion of batch to molten glass, I: Volume expansion
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Glass formation; Foam; Silica; Sucrose; Melting
AB Batches designed to simulate nuclear high-level waste glass were compressed into pellets that were heated at 5 K/min and photographed. Three types of batches were prepared, each with different amounts of nitrates and carbonates. The all-nitrate batches were prepared with varying amounts of sucrose. The mixed nitrate-carbonate batches were prepared with silica particles ranging in size from 5 to 195 pm. One batch containing only carbonates was also tested. Sucrose addition had little effect on expansion, while the size of silica was very influential. Sucrose addition reduced primary foam for batches containing 5-mu m silica, but had no effect on batches containing larger particles. Excessive amounts of sucrose increased secondary foam. The 5-mu m grains had the strongest effect, causing both primary and secondary foam to be generated, whereas only secondary foam was produced in batches with grains of 45 mu m and larger. We suggest that the viscosity of the melt and the amount of gas evolved are the main influences on foam production. As more gas is produced in the melt and as the glass becomes less viscous, gas bubbles coalesce into larger cavities until the glass can no longer contain the bubbles and they burst, causing the foam to collapse. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Henager, Samuel H.; Hrma, Pavel; Swearingen, Kevin J.; Schweiger, Michael J.; Marcial, Jose; TeGrotenhuis, Nathan E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM pavel.hrma@pnl.gov
RI Marcial, Jose/I-9627-2016
OI Marcial, Jose/0000-0001-6156-5310
FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The
authors are grateful to the U.S. Department of Energy WTP Project Office
Engineering Division for financial support and Albert Kruger for his
assistance and guidance. The authors would like to thank Dong-Sang Kim
for discussions about the waste-glass melting process and his meticulous
review, and Carissa Humrickhouse for help in preparing batches as well
as her initial work concerning the effect of C/N ratios in glass
batches.
NR 16
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 357
IS 3
BP 829
EP 835
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.11.102
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 733AJ
UT WOS:000288232500007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, W
Zhang, ZC
Redfern, PC
Curtiss, LA
Amine, K
AF Wang, Wei
Zhang, Zhengcheng
Redfern, Paul C.
Curtiss, Larry A.
Amine, Khalil
TI Fused ring and linking groups effect on overcharge protection for
lithium-ion batteries
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Redox shuttle; Overcharge protection; Electrolyte additives;
Benzodioxole
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIES; REDOX SHUTTLE; CELLS; COMPUTATION;
GAUSSIAN-2
AB The derivatives of 1,3-benzodioxan (DBBD1) and 1,4-benzodioxan (DBBD2) bearing two tert-butyl groups have been synthesized as new redox shuttle additives for overcharge protection of lithium-ion batteries. Both compounds exhibit a reversible redox wave over 4V vs Li/Li(+) with better solubility in a commercial electrolyte (1.2 M LiPF(6) dissolved in ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate (EC/EMC 3/7) than the di-tert-butyl-substituted 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (DDB). The electrochemical stability of DBBD1 and DBBD2 was tested under charge/discharge cycles with 100% overcharge at each cycle in MCMB/LiFePO(4) and Li(4)Ti(5)O(12)/LiFePO(4) cells. DBBD2 shows significantly better performance than DBBD1 for both cell chemistries. The structural difference and reaction energies for decomposition have been studied by density functional calculations (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Wei; Zhang, Zhengcheng; Redfern, Paul C.; Curtiss, Larry A.; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zhang, ZC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM zzhang@anl.gov; amine@anl.gov
RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself,
and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable
worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative
works, distributed copies to the public, and perform publicly and
display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 196
IS 3
SI SI
BP 1530
EP 1536
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.049
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 687PK
UT WOS:000284790200095
ER
PT J
AU Twining, BS
Baines, SB
Bozard, JB
Vogt, S
Walker, EA
Nelson, DM
AF Twining, Benjamin S.
Baines, Stephen B.
Bozard, James B.
Vogt, Stefan
Walker, Elyse A.
Nelson, David M.
TI Metal quotas of plankton in the equatorial Pacific Ocean
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Iron; Nickel; Zinc; Cobalt; Manganese; Synchrotron; Diatom
ID NATURAL ORGANIC-LIGANDS; DIATOM PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; IRON EXPERIMENT SOFEX;
CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON;
TRACE-ELEMENTS; PARTICULATE MATTER; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; SURFACE WATERS
AB The micronutrient metals Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn are required for phytoplankton growth, and their availability influences ocean productivity and biogeochemistry. Here we report the first direct measurements of these metals in phytoplankton and protozoa from the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Cells representing 4 functional groups (diatoms, autotrophic flagellates, heterotrophic flagellates and autotrophic picoplankton) were collected from the surface mixed layer using trace-metal clean techniques during transects across the equator at 110 degrees W and along the equator between 110 degrees W and 140 degrees W. Metal quotas were determined for individual cells with synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy, and cellular stoichiometries were calculated relative to measured P and S. as well as to C calculated from biovolume. Bulk particulate (> 3 mu m) metal concentrations were also determined at 3 stations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for comparison to single-cell stoichiometries. Phosphorus-normalized Mn, Fe, Ni and Zn ratios were significantly higher in diatoms than other cell types, while Co stoichiometries were highest in autotrophic flagellates. The magnitude of these effects ranged from approximately 2-fold for Mn in diatoms and autotrophic flagellates to nearly an order of magnitude for Fe in diatoms and picoplankton. Variations in S-normalized metal stoichiometries were also significant but of lower magnitude (1.4 to 6-fold). Cobalt and Mn quotas were 1.6 and 3-fold higher in autotrophic than heterotrophic flagellates. Autotrophic picoplankton were relatively enriched in Ni but depleted in Zn, matching expectations based on known uses of these metals in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Significant spatial variability in metal stoichiometries was also observed. At two stations deviations in Fe stoichiometries reflected features in the dissolved Fe distribution. At these same stations, high Ni stoichiometries in autotrophic flagellates were correlated with elevated ammonium and depressed nitrate concentrations. The spatial effects may have resulted from the passage of tropical instability waves along the equator. Comparison of bulk and single-cell results show similar Mn:P ratios at 2 of 3 stations, but Fe:P and Ni:P were systematically higher in bulk material and Co:P was lower. These results suggest an overrepresentation of diatoms or diatom-based detritus in the bulk fraction. Taken together, the analyses present a generalized stoichiometry of Fe approximate to Zn > Mn approximate to Ni > Co in the plankton. Diatom Fe quotas exceeded minimum subsistence levels, characteristic of cells growing actively on oxidized N sources. This study demonstrates the substantial biogeochemical insight that can be gained from studies of metal quotas in individual functional groups. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Twining, Benjamin S.; Bozard, James B.; Walker, Elyse A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Baines, Stephen B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11755 USA.
[Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Nelson, David M.] Inst Univ Europeen Mer, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
RP Twining, BS (reprint author), Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, 180 McKown Point, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
EM btwining@bigelow.org
RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013;
OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513;
Twining, Benjamin/0000-0002-1365-9192
FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0527059, OCE 0527062]; University of
South Carolina; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Trace-metal clean sample collection would not have been possible without
the generous assistance of Chris Measures and the able deckwork of Peter
Strutton and the entire equatorial biocomplexity group. The paper was
improved by the thoughtful comments of Bill Sunda and an anonymous
reviewer. This work was supported by grants OCE 0527059 and OCE 0527062
from the National Science Foundation. Support for JBB and EAW was
provided through start-up funds to BST from the University of South
Carolina. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 126
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 4
U2 60
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 3-4
BP 325
EP 341
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.08.018
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 734DJ
UT WOS:000288313100005
ER
PT J
AU Baines, SB
Twining, BS
Vogt, S
Balch, WM
Fisher, NS
Nelson, DM
AF Baines, Stephen B.
Twining, Benjamin S.
Vogt, Stefan
Balch, William M.
Fisher, Nicholas S.
Nelson, David M.
TI Elemental composition of equatorial Pacific diatoms exposed to additions
of silicic acid and iron
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Eastern equatorial Pacific; 110 degrees W 140 degrees W 5 degrees N 5
degrees S; SXRF; Diatoms; Stoichiometry; Silicic acid; Silicification;
Iron
ID SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SKELETONEMA-COSTATUM; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; CARBON
FLUXES; GROWTH; LIMITATION; NUTRIENT; PLANKTON; POLYPHOSPHATE;
STOICHIOMETRY
AB The elemental content of diatoms determines in part their productivity and their influence on biogeochemical cycles. We used a cell-specific technique, synchrotron based x-ray fluorescence microscopy (SXRF), to study for the first time how the cellular Fe, Si, P and S contents of natural diatoms respond to additions of Fe and Si in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP), a major natural source of CO2 to the atmosphere. We then compare these measurements to ratios of silicic acid, nitrate and phosphate drawdown in the experiments and to measurements of dissolved silicic acid and iron in the EEP. Addition of silicic acid (20 mu M) resulted in increases of 25-50% in cell volume and cellular silica content in two experiments, but there was no significant change in either variable during a third experiment. No other effects of Si addition on cellular stoichiometry were observed. Cellular Fe content and molar ratios of Fe:P and Fe:S increased by 24- 14- and 17- fold 48 hours after addition of 2 nM Fe, but then declined to 7-, 4- and 6-fold higher than those in Control after 96 hours. Cellular P and S (a proxy for cell protein) both increased by up to 2-fold in response to Fe addition, and cell volume increased by 50-80%. Cellular Si content was not affected by Fe addition, but Si:P and Si:S ratios declined due to the effects of Fe on P and S. Our results suggest that Fe supply affects the ratios at which silicic acid and nitrate are utilized by blooming diatoms in the EEP. However, the production of biogenic silica per cell will not be affected by Fe supply. Consequently, in the EEP Fe availability is unlikely to influence the density and vertical transport of cellular material by affecting the amount of silica mineral ballast in cells. The relationship between silica content of diatoms and supply of silicic acid may help dampen variability in dissolved silicic acid concentrations in the EEP. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baines, Stephen B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Twining, Benjamin S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Balch, William M.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
[Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Fisher, Nicholas S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Nelson, David M.] Inst Univ Europeen Met, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
RP Baines, SB (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM sbaines@ms.cc.sunysb.edu; btwining@bigelow.org; vogt@aps.anl.gov;
nfisher@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; david.nelson@univ-brest.fr
RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013;
OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513;
Twining, Benjamin/0000-0002-1365-9192
FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0527062, OCE 0527059, OCE 0322074,
OCE-0322074, S0993A-D]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Trace-metal clean set-up and sampling of the experiments would not have
been possible without the generous assistance of Chris Measures, the
entire equatorial biocomplexity group and the crew of the R/V Roger
Revelle. Chris Measures provided data on dissolved Fe while Richard
Dugdale shared data on concentrations of silicic acid and dissolved
nitrogen species. Catherine Vogel aided with field collection and SXRF
analyses. This work was supported by grants from the National Science
Foundation to SBB and NSF (OCE 0527062), BST (OCE 0527059), and DMN (OCE
0322074). WMB was supported by National Science Foundation (OCE-0322074
SubGrant S0993A-D). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Comments from two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved an earlier version of the
manuscript.
NR 57
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 3-4
BP 512
EP 523
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.08.003
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 734DJ
UT WOS:000288313100017
ER
PT J
AU Chen, YC
Zhong, XY
Kabius, B
Hiller, JM
Tai, NH
Lin, IN
AF Chen, Ying-Chieh
Zhong, Xiao-Yan
Kabius, Bernd
Hiller, Jon M.
Tai, Nyan-Hwa
Lin, I. -Nan
TI Improvement of field emission performance on nitrogen ion implanted
ultrananocrystalline diamond films through visualization of structure
modifications
SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on New Diamond and Nano Carbons
CY 2010
CL Suzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE UNCD; Ion implantation; HRTEM
ID RAMAN; CARBON
AB The relationship between the electron field emission properties and structure of ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films implanted by nitrogen ions or carbon ions was investigated. The electron field emission properties of nitrogen-implanted UNCD films and carbon-implanted UNCD films were pronouncedly improved with respect to those of as-grown UNCD films, that is. the turn-on field decreased from 23.2 V/mu m to 12.5 V/mu m and the electron field emission current density increased from 10E-5 mA/cm(2) to 1 x 10E-2 mA/cm(2). The formation of a graphitic phase in the nitrogen-implanted UNCD films was demonstrated by Raman microscopy and cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The possible mechanism is presumed to be that the nitrogen ion irradiation induces the structure modification (converting sp(3)-bonded carbons into sp(2)-bonded ones) in UNCD films. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Ying-Chieh; Tai, Nyan-Hwa] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
[Chen, Ying-Chieh; Zhong, Xiao-Yan; Kabius, Bernd; Hiller, Jon M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60349 USA.
[Lin, I. -Nan] Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui 251, Taiwan.
RP Chen, YC (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
EM yingchiehchen@gmail.com
RI Hiller, Jon/A-2513-2009
OI Hiller, Jon/0000-0001-7207-8008
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-9635
J9 DIAM RELAT MATER
JI Diam. Relat. Mat.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
BP 238
EP 241
DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2010.12.017
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 731YB
UT WOS:000288145500037
ER
PT J
AU Naidu, DS
Rieger, CG
AF Naidu, D. Subbaram
Rieger, Craig G.
TI Advanced control strategies for heating, ventilation, air-conditioning,
and refrigeration systems-An overview: Part I: Hard control
SO HVAC&R RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL STORAGE INVENTORY; MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; REINFORCEMENT
LEARNING CONTROL; NEAR-OPTIMAL CONTROL; HVAC SYSTEMS; ROBUST-CONTROL;
FEEDBACK LINEARIZATION; SERVOMECHANISM PROBLEM; DECENTRALIZED CONTROL;
ENVIRONMENTAL SPACE
AB A chronological overview of the advanced control strategies for heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) is presented in this article. The overview focuses on hard-computing or control techniques, such as proportional-integral-derivative, optimal, nonlinear, adaptive, and robust; soft-computing or control techniques, such as neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms; and on the fusion or hybrid of hard- and soft-control techniques. Thus, it is to be noted that the terminology "hard" and "soft" computing/control has nothing to do with the "hardware" and "software" that is being generally used. Part I of a two-part series focuses on hard-control strategies, and Part II focuses on soft- and fusion-control in addition to some future directions in HVAC&R research. This overview is not intended to be an exhaustive survey on this topic, and any omission of other works is purely unintentional.
C1 [Naidu, D. Subbaram] Idaho State Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Sch Engn, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Rieger, Craig G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Naidu, DS (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Sch Engn, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
EM naiduds@isu.edu
FU Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls
FX The funding provided for this research activity, performed under
subcontract support of a laboratory-directed research and development
(LDRD) project focusing on areas of both energy science and national
security at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 177
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1078-9669
J9 HVAC&R RES
JI HVAC&R Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 1
BP 2
EP 21
DI 10.1080/10789669.2011.540942
PG 20
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 733YU
UT WOS:000288301200002
ER
PT J
AU Goss, LM
Hess, WR
Blake, TA
Sams, RL
AF Goss, Lisa M.
Hess, Whitney R.
Blake, Thomas A.
Sams, Robert L.
TI The high-resolution, jet-cooled infrared spectrum of pentafluoroethane
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pentafluoroethane; Infrared spectrum; Rovibrational spectrum
ID INTERNAL-ROTATION; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA;
SPECTROSCOPY; BARRIER; ETHANES; RAMAN
AB The jet-cooled spectrum of pentafluoroethane (C(2)HF(5)) has been recorded between 1100 and 1325 cm(-1) at a resolution of 0.0022 cm(-1). A rotational temperature of approximately 10K was achieved by expanding 50 Tort of C(2)HF(5) in 500 Tort of helium. Transitions belonging to five different fundamental vibrations have been assigned and fit to a Watson Hamiltonian: the nu(3) band at 1309.880494(189) cm(-1), 14 at 1200.734645(67) cm(-1), nu(5) at 1142.78147(33) cm(-1), nu(13) at 1223.334098(115) cm(-1), and nu(14) at 1147.394185(163) cm(-1) The fit of the nu(4) band has an rms deviation of 0.000436 cm(-1) compared to the uncertainty in the experimental line position of 0.0002 cm(-1). Satisfactory fits were achieved for the other four bands (nu(3), nu(5), nu(13), nu(14)) at this cold temperature, with most of the centrifugal distortion constants fixed at the ground state values. Joint fits with previous work were attempted for the 14 and nu(13), successfully in the former case and unsuccessfully in the latter. (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goss, Lisa M.; Hess, Whitney R.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Chem, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Blake, Thomas A.; Sams, Robert L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Goss, LM (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Chem, 921 S 8th Ave,Stop 8023, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
EM gosslisa@isu.edu
FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
United States Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX The experimental part of this work was performed at the W.R. Wiley
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national user facility
sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research located at the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the
United States Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract
DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 265
IS 2
BP 81
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2010.11.002
PG 5
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 733SL
UT WOS:000288283000004
ER
PT J
AU Passmore, BS
Adams, DC
Ribaudo, T
Wasserman, D
Lyon, S
Davids, P
Chow, WW
Shaner, EA
AF Passmore, Brandon S.
Adams, David C.
Ribaudo, Troy
Wasserman, Dan
Lyon, Stephen
Davids, Paul
Chow, Weng W.
Shaner, Eric A.
TI Observation of Rabi Splitting from Surface Plasmon Coupled Conduction
State Transitions in Electrically Excited InAs Quantum Dots
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Midinfrared; plasmon; quantum dot; Rabi splitting; strong coupling;
quantum cascade lasers
ID EXTRAORDINARY OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION; INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; HOLE ARRAYS;
PHOTON; SEMICONDUCTORS; INTERFERENCE; INVERSION
AB We demonstrate strong coupling between a surface plasmon and intersublevel transitions in self-assembled InAs quantum dots. The surface plasmon mode exists at the interface between the semiconductor emitter structure and a periodic array of holes perforating a metallic Pd/Ge/Au film that also serves as the top electrical contact for the emitters. Spectrally, narrowed quantaum dot electroluminescence was observed for devices with varying subwavelength hole spacing. Devices designed for 9, 10, and 11 mu m wavelength emission also exhibit a significant spectral splitting. The association of the splitting with quantum-dot Rabi oscillation is consistent with results from a calculation of spontaneous emission from an interacting plasmonic field and quantum-dot ensemble. The fact that this Rabi oscillation can be observed in ark incoherently excited, highly inhomogeneously broadened system demonstrates the utility of intersublevel transition's in quantum dots for investigations of coherent transient and quantum coherence phenomena.
C1 [Passmore, Brandon S.; Davids, Paul; Chow, Weng W.; Shaner, Eric A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Adams, David C.; Ribaudo, Troy; Wasserman, Dan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
[Lyon, Stephen] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Shaner, EA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM eashane@sandia.gov
RI Wasserman, Daniel/D-3913-2011
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences through the Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) for
Solid-State Lighting Science; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences through the Energy Frontier
Research Center (EFRC) for Solid-State Lighting Science. This work was
performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user
facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 48
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 338
EP 342
DI 10.1021/nl102412h
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100006
PM 21214167
ER
PT J
AU Seo, H
Baker, LR
Hervier, A
Kim, J
Whitten, JL
Somorjai, GA
AF Seo, Hyungtak
Baker, L. Robert
Hervier, Antoine
Kim, Jinwoo
Whitten, J. L.
Somorjai, Gabor A.
TI Generation of Highly n-Type Titanium Oxide Using Plasma Fluorine
Insertion
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium oxide; oxide doping; transport; fluorine; surface conduction
ID DOPED TIO2; DEFECTS
AB True n-type doping of titanium oxide without formation of midgap states would expand the use of metal oxides for charge-based devices. We demonstrate that plasma-assisted. fluorine insertion passivates defect States and that fluorine acts as an n-type donor in titanium oxide. This enabled us to modify the Fermi level and transport properties of titanium oxide outside the hits of O vacancy doping. The origin of the electronic structure modification is explained by ab initio calculation.
C1 [Seo, Hyungtak; Baker, L. Robert; Hervier, Antoine; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seo, Hyungtak; Baker, L. Robert; Hervier, Antoine; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Jinwoo] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Whitten, J. L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM somorjai@berkeley.edu
FU Helios Solar Energy Research Center [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials
Sciences and Engineering [DEFG0297ER4S624]
FX Deposition and processing of titanium oxide films took place in the
Marvell Nanolab at the University of California, Berkeley. Experimental
work was funded by the Helios Solar Energy Research Center, which is
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Theoretical calculations were supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award DEFG0297ER4S624. H. Seo
and L. R. Baker equally contributed to this work.
NR 20
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 751
EP 756
DI 10.1021/nl1039378
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100075
PM 21175210
ER
PT J
AU Browne, E
Tuli, JK
AF Browne, E.
Tuli, J. K.
TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=99
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; HALF-LIFE MEASUREMENTS; NEUTRON-EMISSION
PROBABILITIES; REACTION CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGHLY DEFORMED Y-99; COLLINEAR
LASER SPECTROSCOPY; SHELL INTERNAL-IONIZATION; ISOBARIC ANALOGUE STATES;
PARTICLE-CORE MULTIPLETS; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
AB The evaluators present in this publication spectroscopic data and level schemes from radioactive decay and nuclear reactions studies for all isobars with mass number A=99.
C1 [Browne, E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Tuli, J. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Browne, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH10946]
FX Research sponsored by Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-98CH10946.
NR 397
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 2
BP 275
EP 446
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2011.01.001
PG 172
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 720EN
UT WOS:000287263300001
ER
PT J
AU Browne, E
Tuli, JK
AF Browne, E.
Tuli, J. K.
TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=245
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID FISSION HALF-LIVES; LIGHT EINSTEINIUM ISOTOPES; ELECTRON-CAPTURE DECAY;
QUASI-PARTICLE STATES; ODD-A-NUCLEI; ALPHA-DECAY; CROSS-SECTIONS;
ACTINIDE NUCLEI; GROUND-STATE; CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS
AB The evaluators present in this publication spectroscopic data and level schemes front radioactive decay and nuclear reaction studies for all nuclei with mass number A=245. This evaluation revises the earlier one by Y. A. Akovali (1992Ak05).
C1 [Browne, E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, New York, NY 11973 USA.
[Tuli, J. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, New York, NY 11973 USA.
RP Browne, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, New York, NY 11973 USA.
FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH10946]
FX Research sponsored by Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-98CH10946.
NR 154
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 2
BP 447
EP 494
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2011.01.002
PG 48
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 720EN
UT WOS:000287263300002
ER
PT J
AU Hansson, P
Balbuena, J
Barrera, C
Bolle, E
Borri, M
Boscardin, M
Chmeissan, M
Dalla Betta, GF
Darbo, G
Da Via, C
Devetak, E
DeWilde, B
Su, D
Dorholt, O
Fazio, S
Fleta, C
Gemme, C
Giordani, M
Gjersdal, H
Grenier, P
Grinstein, S
Hasi, J
Helle, K
Huegging, F
Jackson, P
Kenney, C
Kocian, M
Korolkov, I
La Rosa, A
Mastroberardino, A
Micelli, A
Nellist, C
Nordahl, P
Rivero, F
Rohne, O
Sandaker, H
Silverstein, D
Sjoebaek, K
Slaviec, T
Stupak, J
Troyano, I
Tsung, J
Tsybychev, D
Wermes, N
Young, C
AF Hansson, P.
Balbuena, J.
Barrera, C.
Bolle, E.
Borri, M.
Boscardin, M.
Chmeissan, M.
Dalla Betta, G. -F.
Darbo, G.
Da Via, C.
Devetak, E.
DeWilde, B.
Su, D.
Dorholt, O.
Fazio, S.
Fleta, C.
Gemme, C.
Giordani, M.
Gjersdal, H.
Grenier, P.
Grinstein, S.
Hasi, J.
Helle, K.
Huegging, F.
Jackson, P.
Kenney, C.
Kocian, M.
Korolkov, I.
La Rosa, A.
Mastroberardino, A.
Micelli, A.
Nellist, C.
Nordahl, P.
Rivero, F.
Rohne, O.
Sandaker, H.
Silverstein, D.
Sjoebaek, K.
Slaviec, T.
Stupak, J.
Troyano, I.
Tsung, J.
Tsybychev, D.
Wermes, N.
Young, C.
TI 3D silicon pixel sensors: Recent test beam results
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Vienna Conference on Instrumentation
CY FEB 15-20, 2010
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
DE Silicon sensors; 3D sensors; Radiation detectors; ATLAS upgrade; SLHC
ID DETECTORS
AB The 3D silicon sensors aimed for the ATLAS pixel detector upgrade have been tested with a high energy pion beam at the CERN SPS in 2009. Two types of sensor layouts were tested: full-3D assemblies fabricated in Stanford, where the electrodes penetrate the entire silicon wafer thickness, and modified-3D assemblies fabricated at FBK-irst with partially overlapping electrodes. In both cases three read-out electrodes are ganged together to form pixels of dimension 50 x 400 mu m(2). Data on the pulse height distribution, tracking efficiency and resolution were collected for various particle incident angles, with and without a 1.6 T magnetic field. Data from a planar sensor of the type presently used in the ATLAS detector were used at the same time to give comparison. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hansson, P.; Su, D.; Grenier, P.; Hasi, J.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C.; Kocian, M.; Silverstein, D.; Young, C.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Helle, K.; Sandaker, H.] Univ Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Huegging, F.; Tsung, J.; Wermes, N.] Univ Bonn, D-5300 Bonn, Germany.
[Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.] Univ Calabria, I-87030 Commenda Di Rende, Italy.
[La Rosa, A.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
[Slaviec, T.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Chmeissan, M.; Grinstein, S.; Korolkov, I.; Troyano, I.] IFAE Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
[Balbuena, J.; Barrera, C.; Fleta, C.] CNM Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
[Da Via, C.; Nellist, C.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Bolle, E.; Dorholt, O.; Gjersdal, H.; Nordahl, P.; Rohne, O.; Sjoebaek, K.] Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA.
[Borri, M.; Rivero, F.] Univ Turin, I-10124 Turin, Italy.
[Darbo, G.; Gemme, C.] INFN Genova, Genoa, Italy.
[Dalla Betta, G. -F.] Univ Trent, Trento, Italy.
[Dalla Betta, G. -F.] INFN Trento, Trento, Italy.
[Boscardin, M.] FBK Trento, Trento, Italy.
[Giordani, M.; Micelli, A.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Giordani, M.; Micelli, A.] INFN Udine, Udine, Italy.
RP Hansson, P (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM phansson@cern.ch
RI Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Fleta, Celeste/D-7303-2014; Grinstein,
Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/I-1783-2012; La Rosa,
Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Boscardin, Maurizio/A-4420-2014
OI Fleta, Celeste/0000-0002-6591-6744; Grinstein,
Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Dalla Betta,
Gian-Franco/0000-0001-5516-9282; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039;
Balbuena, Juan Pablo/0000-0002-5112-2257; La Rosa,
Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142;
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 628
IS 1
BP 216
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.321
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 725JX
UT WOS:000287642100045
ER
PT J
AU Spiegel, L
Barvich, T
Betchart, B
Bhattacharya, S
Czellar, S
Demina, R
Dierlamm, A
Frey, M
Gotra, Y
Harkonen, J
Hartmann, F
Kassamakov, I
Korjenevski, S
Kortelainen, MJ
Lampen, T
Luukka, P
Maenpaa, T
Moilanen, H
Narain, M
Neuland, M
Orbaker, D
Simonis, HJ
Steck, P
Tuominen, E
Tuovinen, E
AF Spiegel, Leonard
Barvich, Tobias
Betchart, Burt
Bhattacharya, Saptaparna
Czellar, Sandor
Demina, Regina
Dierlamm, Alexander
Frey, Martin
Gotra, Yuri
Harkonen, Jaakko
Hartmann, Frank
Kassamakov, Ivan
Korjenevski, Sergey
Kortelainen, Matti J.
Lampen, Tapio
Luukka, Panja
Maenpaa, Teppo
Moilanen, Henri
Narain, Meenakshi
Neuland, Maike
Orbaker, Douglas
Simonis, Hans-Juergen
Steck, Pia
Tuominen, Eija
Tuovinen, Esa
TI Czochralski silicon as a detector material for S-LHC tracker volumes
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Vienna Conference on Instrumentation
CY FEB 15-20, 2010
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
DE Magnetic Czochralski silicon; Current injected detector; SiBT
ID BEAM; TELESCOPE
AB With an expected 10-fold increase in luminosity in S-LHC, the radiation environment in the tracker volumes will be considerably harsher for silicon-based detectors than the already harsh LHC environment. Since 2006, a group of CMS institutes, using a modified CMS DAQ system, has been exploring the use of Magnetic Czochralski silicon as a detector element for the strip tracker layers in S-LHC experiments. Both p+/n-/n+ and n+/p-/p+ sensors have been characterized, irradiated with proton and neutron sources, assembled into modules, and tested in a CERN beamline. There have been three beam studies to date and results from these suggest that both p+/n-/n+ and n+/p-/p+ Magnetic Czochralski silicon are sufficiently radiation hard for the R > 25 cm regions of S-LHC tracker volumes. The group has also explored the use of forward biasing for heavily irradiated detectors, and although this mode requires sensor temperatures less than -50 degrees C, the charge collection efficiency appears to be promising. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Spiegel, Leonard] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Barvich, Tobias; Dierlamm, Alexander; Frey, Martin; Hartmann, Frank; Neuland, Maike; Simonis, Hans-Juergen; Steck, Pia] Univ Karlsruhe TH, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Betchart, Burt; Demina, Regina; Gotra, Yuri; Korjenevski, Sergey; Orbaker, Douglas] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Bhattacharya, Saptaparna; Narain, Meenakshi] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Czellar, Sandor; Harkonen, Jaakko; Kassamakov, Ivan; Kortelainen, Matti J.; Lampen, Tapio; Luukka, Panja; Maenpaa, Teppo; Moilanen, Henri; Tuominen, Eija; Tuovinen, Esa] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
RP Spiegel, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS 121, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM lenny@fnal.gov
RI Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017
OI Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 628
IS 1
BP 242
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.327
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 725JX
UT WOS:000287642100051
ER
PT J
AU Sowa, MB
Goetz, W
Baulch, JE
Lewis, AJ
Morgan, WF
AF Sowa, M. B.
Goetz, W.
Baulch, J. E.
Lewis, A. J.
Morgan, W. F.
TI NO EVIDENCE FOR A LOW LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER ADAPTIVE RESPONSE IN
IRRADIATED RKO CELLS
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Symposium on Microdosimetry
CY OCT 25-30, 2009
CL Verona, ITALY
SP INFN Lab Nazl Legnaro, NASA Johnson Space Ctr, CERN, Univ Oxford, Gray Inst Radiat Oncol & Biol
ID MEDIATED INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; NORMAL HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; LOW-LET
RADIATION; BYSTANDER RESPONSES; IONIZING-RADIATION; NONIRRADIATED CELLS;
ALPHA-PARTICLES; TUMOR-CELLS; MICROBEAM; DAMAGE
AB It has become increasingly evident from reports in the literature that there are many confounding factors capable of modulating radiation-induced non-targeted responses, such as the bystander effect and the adaptive response. In this paper, we examine recent data which suggest that the observation of non-targeted responses may not be universally observable for differing radiation qualities. We have conducted a study of the adaptive response following low-linear energy transfer exposures for human colon carcinoma cells and failed to observe adaption for the endpoints of clonogenic survival or micronucleus formation.
C1 [Sowa, M. B.; Lewis, A. J.; Morgan, W. F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Goetz, W.; Baulch, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Sowa, MB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS J4-02, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM marianne.sowa@pnl.gov
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 143
IS 2-4
BP 311
EP 314
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncq487
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 730GR
UT WOS:000288022300035
PM 21216730
ER
PT J
AU Pisacane, VL
Dolecek, QE
Malak, H
Cucinotta, FA
Zaider, M
Rosenfeld, AB
Rusek, A
Sivertz, M
Dicello, JF
AF Pisacane, V. L.
Dolecek, Q. E.
Malak, H.
Cucinotta, F. A.
Zaider, M.
Rosenfeld, A. B.
Rusek, A.
Sivertz, M.
Dicello, J. F.
TI MICRODOSEMETER INSTRUMENT (MIDN) FOR ASSESSING RISK IN SPACE
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Symposium on Microdosimetry
CY OCT 25-30, 2009
CL Verona, ITALY
SP INFN Lab Nazl Legnaro, NASA Johnson Space Ctr, CERN, Univ Oxford, Gray Inst Radiat Oncol & Biol
AB Radiation in space generally produces higher dose rates than that on the Earth's surface, and contributions from primary galactic and solar events increase with altitude within the magnetosphere. Presently, no personnel monitor is available to astronauts for real-time monitoring of dose, radiation quality and regulatory risk. This group is developing a prototypic instrument for use in an unknown, time-varying radiation field. This microdosemeter-dosemeter nucleon instrument is for use in a spacesuit, spacecraft, remote rover and other applications. It provides absorbed dose, dose rate and dose equivalent in real time so that action can be taken to reduce exposure. Such a system has applications in health physics, anti-terrorism and radiation-hardening of electronics as well. The space system is described and results of ground-based studies are presented and compared with predictions of transport codes. An early prototype in 2007 was successfully launched, the only solid-state microdosemeter to have flown in space.
C1 [Pisacane, V. L.; Dicello, J. F.] USN Acad, Aerosp Engn Dept Mail Stop 11B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Dolecek, Q. E.] QED Associates, Georgetown, DE 19947 USA.
[Malak, H.] Amer Environm Syst Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21043 USA.
[Cucinotta, F. A.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Zaider, M.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Rosenfeld, A. B.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
[Rusek, A.; Sivertz, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Pisacane, VL (reprint author), USN Acad, Aerosp Engn Dept Mail Stop 11B, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM pisacane@usna.edu
RI Rosenfeld, Anatoly/D-1989-2014;
OI Zaider, Marco/0000-0002-5113-7862
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 143
IS 2-4
BP 398
EP 401
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncq525
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 730GR
UT WOS:000288022300053
PM 21199825
ER
PT J
AU Shapira, D
AF Shapira, D.
TI Extending studies of the fusion of heavy nuclei to the neutron-rich
region using accelerated radioactive ion beams
SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Radiation Physics
CY MAR 07-10, 2010
CL Univ Autonoma Zacatecas, Zacatecas, MEXICO
HO Univ Autonoma Zacatecas
DE Fusion reactions; superheavy synthesis; radioactive ion beams
ID COLLISIONS; SYSTEMS
AB One of the stated goals for proposed and existing facilities that produce and accelerate radioactive ion beams is to explore and achieve a new understanding of the reactions mechanisms leading to the synthesis of the heaviest nuclei. Nuclear synthesis of two large nuclei into a single entity is a complex multistep process. The beam intensities of radioactive ions accelerated at present day facilities are not sufficient to synthesize super heavy elements. However the study of the iso-spin dependence of nuclear synthesis and the many processes competing with it can be carried out at present day facilities. Of special interest are cases where the interacting nuclei and the synthesized product are extremely neutron-rich. The effects of neutron excess on the reaction processes leading to the formation of the synthesized nucleus that emerged in earlier studies are poorly understood and sometimes counter intuitive. Results from measurements performed at HRIBF, as well as our plans for future measurements and the equipment being prepared will be presented.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shapira, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA
PI COYOACAN
PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO
SN 0035-001X
J9 REV MEX FIS
JI Rev. Mex. Fis.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 57
IS 1
SU S
BP 60
EP 64
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 732LG
UT WOS:000288185900013
ER
PT J
AU Moridis, GJ
Collett, TS
Pooladi-Darvish, M
Hancock, S
Santamarina, C
Boswell, R
Kneafsey, T
Rutqvist, J
Kowalsky, MB
Reagan, MT
Sloan, ED
Sum, AK
Koh, CA
AF Moridis, G. J.
Collett, T. S.
Pooladi-Darvish, M.
Hancock, S.
Santamarina, C.
Boswell, R.
Kneafsey, T.
Rutqvist, J.
Kowalsky, M. B.
Reagan, M. T.
Sloan, E. D.
Sum, A. K.
Koh, C. A.
TI Challenges, Uncertainties, and Issues Facing Gas Production From
Gas-Hydrate Deposits
SO SPE RESERVOIR EVALUATION & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; METHANE HYDRATE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; POROUS-MEDIA;
BEARING SEDIMENTS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; DISSOCIATION CHARACTERISTICS;
MACKENZIE DELTA; WAVE VELOCITIES; WATER
AB The current paper complements the Moridis et al. (2009) review of the status of the effort toward commercial gas production from hydrates. We aim to describe the concept of the gas-hydrate (GH) petroleum system; to discuss advances, requirements, and suggested practices in GH prospecting and GH deposit characterization; and to review the associated technical, economic, and environmental challenges and uncertainties, which include the following: accurate assessment of producible fractions of the GH resource; development of methods for identifying suitable production targets; sampling of hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) and sample analysis; analysis and interpretation of geophysical surveys of GH reservoirs; well-testing methods; interpretation of well-testing results; geomechanical and reservoir/well stability concerns; well design, operation, and installation; field operations and extending production beyond sand-dominated GH reservoirs; monitoring production and geomechanical stability; laboratory investigations; fundamental knowledge of hydrate behavior; the economics of commercial gas production from hydrates; and associated environmental concerns.
C1 [Moridis, G. J.; Kowalsky, M. B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Hydrologeol Dept, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Geol Div, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Pooladi-Darvish, M.] Fekete Associates, Calgary, AB, Canada.
[Pooladi-Darvish, M.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Hancock, S.] RPS Grp, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Santamarina, C.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Boswell, R.] US DOE, GH Res Program, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Sloan, E. D.] Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Hydrate Res, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Sum, A. K.; Koh, C. A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Moridis, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Hydrologeol Dept, Berkeley, CA USA.
EM mpooladi-darvish@fekete.com; jcs@gatech.edu; Ray.Boswell@NETL.DOE.GOV;
JRutqvist@lbl.gov; mtreagan@lbl.gov; asum@mines.edu; ckoh@mines.edu
RI Kneafsey, Timothy/H-7412-2014; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; Reagan,
Matthew/D-1129-2015;
OI Kneafsey, Timothy/0000-0002-3926-8587; Rutqvist,
Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Reagan, Matthew/0000-0001-6225-4928; Sum,
Amadeu/0000-0003-1903-4537
FU Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Natural Gas and
Petroleum Technology, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory,
under the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The contributions of G.J. Moridis, T. Kneafsey, J. Rutqvist, M.B.
Kowalsky, and M.T. Reagan were supported by the Assistant Secretary for
Fossil Energy, Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through
the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the US DOE, Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors are indebted to Stefan Finsterle,
John Apps, and Dan Hawkes for their insightful comments.
NR 233
TC 60
Z9 65
U1 3
U2 71
PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG
PI RICHARDSON
PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA
SN 1094-6470
EI 1930-0212
J9 SPE RESERV EVAL ENG
JI SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 1
BP 76
EP 112
PG 37
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology
GA 727HX
UT WOS:000287790300006
ER
PT J
AU Li, XYS
Shao, MY
AF Li, Xiaoye S.
Shao, Meiyue
TI A Supernodal Approach to Incomplete LU Factorization with Partial
Pivoting
SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Algorithms; Performance; Incomplete LU factorization; supernode
ID DEGREE ORDERING ALGORITHM; APPROXIMATE; EQUATIONS
AB We present a new supernode-based incomplete LU factorization method to construct a preconditioner for solving sparse linear systems with iterative methods. The new algorithm is primarily based on the ILUTP approach by Saad, and we incorporate a number of techniques to improve the robustness and performance of the traditional ILUTP method. These include new dropping strategies that accommodate the use of supernodal structures in the factored matrix and an area-based fill control heuristic for the secondary dropping strategy. We present numerical experiments to demonstrate that our new method is competitive with the other ILU approaches and is well suited for modern architectures with memory hierarchy.
C1 [Li, Xiaoye S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Shao, Meiyue] Fudan Univ, Sch Math Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Shao, Meiyue] Fudan Univ, MOE Key Lab Computat Phys Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
RP Li, XYS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xsli@lbl.gov; myshao@fudan.edu.cn
OI Shao, Meiyue/0000-0002-4914-7666
FU Director, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [D-AC02-05CH11231]; Special
Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects of China [2005CB321700]
FX This research was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract No. D-AC02-05CH11231, and in part by the
Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects (2005CB321700) of
China.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0098-3500
J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE
JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 4
AR 43
DI 10.1145/1916461.1916467
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 728BV
UT WOS:000287849900006
ER
PT J
AU Lin, L
Yang, C
Meza, JC
Lu, JF
Ying, LX
Weinan, E
AF Lin, Lin
Yang, Chao
Meza, Juan C.
Lu, Jianfeng
Ying, Lexing
Weinan, E.
TI SelInv-An Algorithm for Selected Inversion of a Sparse Symmetric Matrix
SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Design; Performance; Electronic structure calculation; elimination tree;
selected inversion; sparse LDL(T) factorization; supernodes
ID INDEFINITE SYSTEMS; LINEAR-EQUATIONS; FACTORIZATION; ELIMINATION
AB We describe an efficient implementation of an algorithm for computing selected elements of a general sparse symmetric matrix A that can be decomposed as A = LDL(T), where L is lower triangular and D is diagonal. Our implementation, which is called SelInv, is built on top of an efficient supernodal left-looking LDLT factorization of A. We discuss how computational efficiency can be gained by making use of a relative index array to handle indirect addressing. We report the performance of SelInv on a collection of sparse matrices of various sizes and nonzero structures. We also demonstrate how SelInv can be used in electronic structure calculations.
C1 [Lin, Lin] Princeton Univ, Dept Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Yang, Chao; Meza, Juan C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lu, Jianfeng] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA.
[Ying, Lexing] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ying, Lexing] Univ Texas Austin, ICES, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Weinan, E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Weinan, E.] Princeton Univ, Program Appl Computat Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Lin, L (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Math, 210 Fine Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM linlin@math.princeton.edu; cyang@LbL.gov; JCMeza@LbL.gov;
jiangeng@cims.nyu.edu; lexing@math.utex.edu; weinan@math.princeton.edu
RI Lin, Lin/I-2726-2012;
OI Lin, Lin/0000-0001-7738-5947; Meza, Juan/0000-0003-4543-0349; Lu,
Jianfeng/0000-0001-6255-5165
FU NSF [DMS-0708026, DMS-0914336]; Doe [DE-FG02-03ER25587]; ONR
[N00014-01-1-0674]; University of Texas at Austin; Director, Office of
Science, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational
Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Director,
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11232]
FX This work was partially supported by NSF under Contract No. DMS-0708026
and No. DMS-0914336, by Doe under Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER25587, and by
ONR under Contract No. N00014-01-1-0674 (L. Lin, J. Lu, and W. E); by an
Alfred P. Sloan fellowship and a startup grant from the University of
Texas at Austin (L. Ying); and by the Director, Office of Science,
Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (C. Yang
and J. C. Meza). The computational results presented were obtained at
the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which
is supported by the Director, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number
DE-AC02-05CH11232.
NR 45
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0098-3500
J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE
JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 4
AR 40
DI 10.1145/1916461.1916464
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 728BV
UT WOS:000287849900003
ER
PT J
AU Menjo, H
Adriani, O
Bonechi, L
Bongi, M
Castellini, G
D'Alessandro, R
Faus, A
Fukui, K
Haguenauer, M
Itow, Y
Kasahara, K
Kawade, K
Macina, D
Mase, T
Masuda, K
Matsubara, Y
Mitsuka, G
Mizuishi, M
Muraki, Y
Nakai, M
Papini, P
Perrot, AL
Ricciarini, S
Sako, T
Shimizu, Y
Taki, K
Tamura, T
Torii, S
Tricomi, A
Turner, WC
Velasco, J
Viciani, A
Yoshida, K
AF Menjo, H.
Adriani, O.
Bonechi, L.
Bongi, M.
Castellini, G.
D'Alessandro, R.
Faus, A.
Fukui, K.
Haguenauer, M.
Itow, Y.
Kasahara, K.
Kawade, K.
Macina, D.
Mase, T.
Masuda, K.
Matsubara, Y.
Mitsuka, G.
Mizuishi, M.
Muraki, Y.
Nakai, M.
Papini, P.
Perrot, A. -L.
Ricciarini, S.
Sako, T.
Shimizu, Y.
Taki, K.
Tamura, T.
Torii, S.
Tricomi, A.
Turner, W. C.
Velasco, J.
Viciani, A.
Yoshida, K.
TI Monte Carlo study of forward pi(0) production spectra to be measured by
the LHCf experiment for the purpose of benchmarking hadron interaction
models at 10(17) eV
SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE High energy cosmic rays; LHC; LHCf; High energy pi(0) production spectra
ID COSMIC-RAYS
AB The LHCf experiment aims to improve knowledge of forward neutral particle production spectra at the LHC energy which is relevant for the interpretation of air shower development of high energy cosmic rays. Two detectors, each composed of a pair of sampling and imaging calorimeters, have been installed at the forward region of IP1 to measure pi(0) energy spectra above 600 GeV. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo study of the pi(0) measurements to be performed with one of the LHCf detectors for proton-proton collisions at root s = 14 TeV. In approximately 40 min of operation at luminosity 0.8 x 10(29) cm(-2) s(-1) during the beam commissioning phase of LHC, about 1.5 x 10(4) pi(0) events are expected to be obtained at two transverse positions of the detector. The backgrounds from interactions of secondary particles with beam pipes and interactions of beam particles with residual gas in the beam pipes are expected to be less than 0.1% of the signal from pi(0)s. We also discuss the capability of LHCf measurements to discriminate between the various hadron interaction models that are used for simulation of high energy air showers, such as DPMJET3.03, QGSJETII-03, SIBYLL2.1 and EPOS1.99. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Menjo, H.; Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Castellini, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Papini, P.; Ricciarini, S.; Viciani, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Fukui, K.; Itow, Y.; Kawade, K.; Mase, T.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Mitsuka, G.; Sako, T.; Taki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; D'Alessandro, R.] Univ Florence, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Castellini, G.] CNR, IFAC, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Faus, A.; Velasco, J.] Univ Valencia, IFIC, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain.
[Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Kasahara, K.; Mizuishi, M.; Nakai, M.; Torii, S.] Waseda Univ, RISE, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
[Macina, D.; Perrot, A. -L.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
[Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Dept Phys, Koube 6588501, Japan.
[Shimizu, Y.] Univ Tokyo, ICRR, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
[Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Inst Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2218686, Japan.
[Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Tricomi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Turner, W. C.] LBNL, Accelerator & Fus Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yoshida, K.] Shibaura Inst Technol, Fac Syst Engn, Saitama 3378570, Japan.
RP Menjo, H (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, Via Sansone 1, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
EM menjo@fi.infn.it
RI D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015;
OI Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895; D'Alessandro,
Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937;
Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Tricomi, Alessia
Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-6505
EI 1873-2852
J9 ASTROPART PHYS
JI Astropart Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 7
BP 513
EP 520
DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.11.002
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 729MW
UT WOS:000287955500001
ER
PT J
AU Hays, MD
Cho, SH
Baldauf, R
Schauer, JJ
Shaferd, M
AF Hays, Michael D.
Cho, Seung-Hyun
Baldauf, Richard
Schauer, James J.
Shaferd, Martin
TI Particle size distributions of metal and non-metal elements in an urban
near-highway environment
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Particulate matter; ICP-MS; Metals; Size distribution; Near-road
emissions
ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER; NORTH-CAROLINA; ROAD; FINE;
EMISSIONS; PM2.5; APPORTIONMENT; RALEIGH; ENGINE
AB Determination of the size-resolved elemental composition of near-highway particulate matter (PM) is important due to the health and environmental risks it poses. In the current study, twelve 24 h PM samples were collected (in July-August 2006) using a low-pressure impactor positioned 20 m from a Raleigh, North Carolina interstate. The interstate supported similar to 125,000 vehicles/d, the majority of which were light-duty gasoline passenger vehicles. The overall near-highway PM mass size distribution was trimodal with a major accumulation mode peak at 500-800 nm. PM mass levels reflected daily traffic activity, while mean near-highway PM(10) (33 +/- 7.5 mu g m(-3)), PM(2.5) (29 +/- 6.8 mu g m(-3)), and PM(0.1) (1.4 +/- 0.3 mu g m(-3)) mass levels varied less than 24% over the two week sampling period. The elemental composition of the impactor-collected PM was investigated using magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (SF-ICPMS). Accumulation mode sulfur (7 +/- 4% w/w) was the major inorganic constituent detected at the near-highway site followed by coarse mode group IA and IIA elements likely from re-suspension of crustal matter. As expected, elements regularly detected in asphalt, vehicle, catalyst (e.g., Pt, Rh, and Pd), brake, and tire wear (e.g., Cu and Sb) were also found in the near highway PM. Maximum concentrations of the platinum group, rare earth, and common brake and tire wear elements were observed at d(50) =1-2 mu m, d(50) =1-4 mu m, and d(50) >= 1-4 mu m, respectively. Ten of the eleven metals listed as EPA air toxics (Mn, Cr, Sb, Ni, Pb, As, Co, Cd, Se, and Be) were detected in each PM size fraction but were generally enriched in PM(0.1). Several biologically antagonistic suites of metals (Cd. Cu, and V) were found in multiple PM size modes. Some of these metals showed erratic size distributions with daily changes in enrichment (e.g., Ni, Zn, Cd, As, and Cu) and particle size, suggesting a variety of emissions and metal exposure scenarios occurring in the near-highway environment. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hays, Michael D.; Cho, Seung-Hyun; Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Cho, Seung-Hyun] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Schauer, James J.; Shaferd, Martin] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI USA.
[Schauer, James J.; Shaferd, Martin] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM hays.michael@epa.gov
RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013
OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660
NR 38
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 57
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 925
EP 934
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.010
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 722HZ
UT WOS:000287424600014
ER
PT J
AU Phillis, CC
Ostrach, DJ
Ingram, BL
Weber, PK
AF Phillis, Corey C.
Ostrach, David J.
Ingram, B. Lynn
Weber, Peter K.
TI Evaluating otolith Sr/Ca as a tool for reconstructing estuarine habitat
use
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO ESTUARY; STRONTIUM ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LARVAL STRIPED
BASS; MC-ICP-MS; FISH OTOLITHS; ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY; ANADROMOUS
SALMONIDS; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; WATER CHEMISTRY; ION MICROPROBE
AB There is no standard method to determine the applicability of otolith Sr/Ca ratio to reconstructing estuary use. We have developed a novel method to determine the response of otolith Sr/Ca to changes in water Sr/Ca and salinity in San Francisco Estuary ( California, USA). We perform correlated, spatially resolved Sr/Ca and Sr isotope measurements using otoliths from adult striped bass ( Morone saxatilis) in the San Francisco Estuary to estimate the otolith-water Sr/Ca partition coefficient (D(Sr) = 0.305 +/- 0.009). DSr did not vary significantly with salinity, and therefore the salinity-otolith Sr/Ca model was constructed by substituting the partition coefficient into the nonlinear salinity-water Sr/Ca mixing model for the system. The model demonstrates that the primary factor controlling the response of Sr/Ca to salinity is the Ca concentration in the freshwater source flowing into the estuary. A concentration of 60 ppm Ca is an approximate threshold below which estuary Sr/Ca increases rapidly to near the marine Sr/Ca at low salinities (5 parts per thousand-15 parts per thousand), thereby providing sharp delineation of estuary entrance, but little to no discrimination among higher salinity habitats. Our approach provides a general framework for assessing the potential utility of Sr/Ca in estuarine systems and specifically for the San Francisco Estuary.
C1 [Phillis, Corey C.; Ingram, B. Lynn] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ostrach, David J.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, John Muir Inst Environm, Pathobiol Conservat & Populat Biol Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Weber, Peter K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Phillis, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM phillis@biology.ucsc.edu; weber21@llnl.gov
FU University of California - Davis School of Veterinary Medicine; IEP-POD
management team [4600004664]; CalFed [SCI-05-C179]; US Department of
Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We thank J.W. Moore, S. Campana, and two anonymous reviewers for
comments that lead to substantial improvements in the manuscript. We are
grateful for analytical assistance provided by F.J. Ryerson at Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and M. Gras of the University of
California - Davis Interdisciplinary Center for Plasma Mass
Spectrometry. We thank B. Osburn and the University of California -
Davis School of Veterinary Medicine for providing partial funding of the
project; IEP-POD management team for their support and partial funding
under DWR Contract No. 4600004664; and CalFed for partial funding under
Project No. SCI-05-C179. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices
of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 51
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 21
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 68
IS 2
BP 360
EP 373
DI 10.1139/F10-152
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 731IE
UT WOS:000288098700015
ER
PT J
AU Tan, L
Allen, TR
Yang, Y
AF Tan, L.
Allen, T. R.
Yang, Y.
TI Corrosion behavior of alloy 800H (Fe-21Cr-32Ni) in supercritical water
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic diagrams; Exfoliation; Oxidation; Kinetic parameters
ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; SURFACE-ENERGY; BASE ALLOYS; DIFFUSION; METALS;
STEELS; NICKEL
AB The effect of testing conditions (temperature, time, and oxygen content) and material's microstructure (the as-received and the grain boundary engineered conditions) on the corrosion behavior of alloy 800H in high-temperature pressurized water was studied using a variety of characterization techniques. Oxidation was observed as the primary corrosion behavior on the samples. Oxide exfoliation was significantly mitigated on the grain boundary engineered samples compared to the as-received ones. The oxide formation, including some "mushroom-shaped oxidation", is predicted via a combination of thermodynamics and kinetics influenced by the preferential diffusion of specific species using short-cut diffusion paths. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tan, L.; Allen, T. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Yang, Y.] CompuTherm LLC, Madison, WI 53719 USA.
RP Tan, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM tanl@ornl.gov
RI Tan, Lizhen/A-7886-2009; Yang, Ying/E-5542-2017;
OI Tan, Lizhen/0000-0002-3418-2450; Yang, Ying/0000-0001-6480-2254; Allen,
Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259
FU Idaho National Laboratory as part of the Department of Energy Generation
IV Initiative
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. M. Anderson, K. Sridharan, P.
Brooks, X. Ren, Y. Chen, and A. Kruizenga for designing, building and
maintaining the test loop and performing the exposure tests of the
samples. This work was supported by the Idaho National Laboratory as
part of the Department of Energy Generation IV Initiative. This research
utilized NSF-supported shared facilities at the University of Wisconsin.
NR 28
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
BP 703
EP 711
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2010.10.021
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 716WR
UT WOS:000287004700023
ER
PT J
AU Baturina, TI
Vinokur, VM
Mironov, AY
Chtchelkatchev, NM
Nasimov, DA
Latyshev, AV
AF Baturina, T. I.
Vinokur, V. M.
Mironov, A. Yu.
Chtchelkatchev, N. M.
Nasimov, D. A.
Latyshev, A. V.
TI Nanopattern-stimulated superconductor-insulator transition in thin TiN
films
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; RESISTIVE TRANSITION;
2-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; WEAK LINKS;
DISORDER; MAGNETORESISTANCE; OSCILLATIONS
AB We present the results of the comparative study of transport properties of continuous and nanoperforated TiN films, enabling us to separate the disorder and the geometry effects. Nanopatterning transforms a thin TiN film into an array of superconducting weak links and eo ipso stimulates the disorder and magnetic-field driven superconductor-to-insulator transitions, shifting both transitions to a lower degree of microscopic disorder. We observe magnetoresistance oscillations reflecting collective phase-frustration behaviour of the multiconnected superconducting weak link network in a wide range of temperatures. We find that nanopatterning enhances the role of the two-dimensional Coulomb interaction and changes the characteristic energies of the film on length scales significantly larger than the mean free path or the superconducting coherence length. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011
C1 [Baturina, T. I.; Mironov, A. Yu.; Nasimov, D. A.; Latyshev, A. V.] AV Rzhanov Inst Semicond Phys SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Baturina, T. I.; Vinokur, V. M.; Chtchelkatchev, N. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Chtchelkatchev, N. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Chtchelkatchev, N. M.] Russian Acad Sci, LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117940, Russia.
RP Baturina, TI (reprint author), AV Rzhanov Inst Semicond Phys SB RAS, 13 Lavrentjev Ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
EM tatbat@isp.nsc.ru
RI Chtchelkatchev, Nikolay/L-1273-2013; Nasimov, Dmirtiy/R-4419-2016
OI Chtchelkatchev, Nikolay/0000-0002-7242-1483;
FU Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research
[09-02-01205]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We are delighted to thank B. SHAPIRO (Bar-Ilan University) and A.
MEL'NIKOV for useful discussions. This research is supported by the
Program "Quantum Physics of Condensed Matter" of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No.
09-02-01205), and by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
under the Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 46
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 13
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 93
IS 4
AR 47002
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/93/47002
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 728BP
UT WOS:000287849300012
ER
PT J
AU Abdallah, W
Ameri, H
Barron, E
Chader, GJ
Greenbaum, E
Hinton, DR
Humayun, MS
AF Abdallah, Walid
Ameri, Hossein
Barron, Ernesto
Chader, Gerald J.
Greenbaum, Elias
Hinton, David R.
Humayun, Mark S.
TI Vitreal Oxygenation in Retinal Ischemia Reperfusion
SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN; BLOOD-FLOW; INTRAOCULAR
PRESSURES; GANGLION-CELLS; RABBIT EYE; CAT; VITREOPERFUSION;
CONSUMPTION; OCCLUSION
AB PURPOSE. To study the feasibility of anterior vitreal oxygenation for the treatment of acute retinal ischemia.
METHODS. Twenty rabbits were randomized into an oxygenation group, a sham treatment group, and a no treatment group. Baseline electroretinography (ERG) and preretinal oxygen (PO(2)) measurements were obtained 3 to 5 days before surgery. Intraocular pressure was raised to 100 mm Hg for 90 minutes and then normalized. The oxygenation group underwent vitreal oxygenation for 30 minutes using intravitreal electrodes. The sham treatment group received inactive electrodes for 30 minutes while there was no intervention for the no treatment group. Preretinal PO(2) in the posterior vitreous was measured 30 minutes after intervention or 30 minutes after reperfusion (no treatment group) and on postoperative days (d) 3, 6, 9, and 12. On d14, rabbits underwent ERG and were euthanatized.
RESULTS. Mean final (d12) PO(2) was 10.64 +/- 0.77 mm Hg for the oxygenation group, 2.14 +/- 0.61 mm Hg for the sham group, and 1.98 +/- 0.63 mm Hg for the no treatment group. On ERG, scotopic b-wave amplitude was significantly preserved in the oxygenation group compared with the other two groups. Superoxide dismutase assay showed higher activity in the operated eyes than in the nonoperated control eyes in the sham treatment group and no treatment group only. Histopathology showed preservation of retinal architecture and choroidal vasculature in the oxygenation group, whereas the sham-treated and nontreated groups showed retinal thinning and choroidal atrophy.
CONCLUSIONS. In severe total ocular ischemia, anterior vitreal oxygenation supplies enough oxygen to penetrate the retinal thickness, resulting in rescue of the RPE/choriocapillaris that continues to perfuse, hence sparing the retinal tissue from damage. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52:1035-1042) DOI:10.1167/iovs.09-4516
C1 [Barron, Ernesto; Hinton, David R.; Humayun, Mark S.] Doheny Eye Inst, Arnold & Mabel Beckman Macular Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Abdallah, Walid; Ameri, Hossein; Chader, Gerald J.; Humayun, Mark S.] Doheny Retina Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Greenbaum, Elias] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Hinton, David R.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Hinton, David R.; Humayun, Mark S.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Humayun, Mark S.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biomed Engn, Viterbi Sch Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
RP Humayun, MS (reprint author), Doheny Eye Inst, Arnold & Mabel Beckman Macular Res Ctr, 1355 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
EM humayun@usc.edu
FU National Eye Institute [EY03040]; US Department of Energy Office of
Biological and Environmental Research; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Supported in part by National Eye Institute Core Grant EY03040 and the
US Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US
Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA
SN 0146-0404
J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI
JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 2
BP 1035
EP 1042
DI 10.1167/iovs.09-4516
PG 8
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 728AQ
UT WOS:000287846300055
PM 21051734
ER
PT J
AU Hung, MS
Mao, JH
Xu, ZD
Yang, CT
Yu, JS
Harvard, C
Lin, YC
Bravo, DT
Jablons, DM
You, LA
AF Hung, Ming-Szu
Mao, Jian-Hua
Xu, Zhidong
Yang, Cheng-Ta
Yu, Jau-Song
Harvard, Chansonette
Lin, Yu-Ching
Bravo, Dawn Therese
Jablons, David M.
You, Liang
TI Cul4A is an oncogene in malignant pleural mesothelioma
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cul4A; amplification; mesothelioma; p21; p27
ID DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR; CELL-CYCLE; BREAST-CANCER; HUMAN HOMOLOG;
P27(KIP1); GENE; DEGRADATION; P27; PROTEOLYSIS; OVEREXPRESSION
AB Cullin 4A (Cul4A) is important in cell survival, development, growth and the cell cycle, but its role in mesothelioma has not been studied. For the first time, we identified amplification of the Cul4A gene in four of five mesothelioma cell lines. Consistent with increased Cul4A gene copy number, we found that Cul4A protein was overexpressed in mesothelioma cells as well. Cul4A protein was also over-expressed in 64% of primary malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tumours. Furthermore, knockdown of Cul4A with shRNA in mesothelioma cells resulted in up-regulation of p21 and p27 tumour suppressor proteins in a p53-independent manner in H290, H28 and MS-1 mesothelioma cell lines. Knockdown of Cul4A also resulted in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and decreased colony formation in H290, H28 and MS-1 mesothelioma cell lines. Moreover, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest was partially reversed by siRNA down-regulation of p21 and/or p27 in Cul4A knockdown H290 cell line. In the contrary, overexpression of Cul4A resulted in down-regulation of p21 and p27 proteins and increased colony formation in H28 mesothelioma cell line. Both p21 and p27 showed faster degradation rates in Cul4A overexpressed H28 cell line and slower degradation rates in Cul4A knockdown H28 cell line. Our study indicates that Cul4A amplification and overexpression play an oncogenic role in the pathogenesis of mesothelioma. Thus, Cul4A may be a potential therapeutic target for MPM.
C1 [Hung, Ming-Szu; Xu, Zhidong; Bravo, Dawn Therese; Jablons, David M.; You, Liang] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA.
[Hung, Ming-Szu; Yang, Cheng-Ta; Lin, Yu-Ching] Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chiayi, Taiwan.
[Hung, Ming-Szu] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Grad Inst Clin Med Sci, Tao Yuan, Taiwan.
[Mao, Jian-Hua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yu, Jau-Song] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Tao Yuan, Taiwan.
[Harvard, Chansonette] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
RP You, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA.
EM Liang.You@ucsfmedctr.org
FU NIH [RO1 CA 093708-01A3]; Larry Hall and Zygielbaum Memorial Trust;
Kazan, McClain, Edises, Abrams, Fernandez, Lyons and Farrise Foundation
FX This study was partially supported by NIH grant RO1 CA 093708-01A3, the
Larry Hall and Zygielbaum Memorial Trust, and the Kazan, McClain,
Edises, Abrams, Fernandez, Lyons and Farrise Foundation. We thank to
Derish, Pamela M. A. Department of Surgery at the University of
California, San Francisco for editorial reviewing in the preparation of
this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 33
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1582-1838
J9 J CELL MOL MED
JI J. Cell. Mol. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 2
BP 350
EP 358
DI 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00971.x
PG 9
WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 726TL
UT WOS:000287749000016
PM 19929949
ER
PT J
AU Elmer, JW
Specht, ED
AF Elmer, John W.
Specht, Eliot D.
TI Measurement of Sn and In Solidification Undercooling and Lattice
Expansion Using In Situ X-Ray Diffraction
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE In situ x-ray diffraction; solidification; nucleation; undercooling; Sn;
In; lead-free solders; wetting; nonlinear expansion; intermetallic
compounds; synchrotron radiation
ID FREE SOLDER ALLOYS; THERMAL EXPANSION; JOINTS; TIN; MICROSTRUCTURE;
NUCLEATION; PHASE; CU; TEMPERATURE; TI-6AL-4V
AB The solidification behavior of two low-melting-point metals, Sn and In, on three substrates has been examined using in situ x-ray diffraction. Undercoolings of up to 56.1 degrees C were observed for Sn solidified on graphite, which is a nonwetting substrate, while lower undercoolings were observed for Sn on Au/Ni/Cu (17.3 degrees C) and on Cu (10.5 degrees C). Indium behaved quite differently, showing undercoolings of less than 4 degrees C on all three substrates. The lattice expansion/contraction behavior of Sn, In, and intermetallic compounds (IMCs) that formed during the reaction of Sn with Au/Ni/Cu surfaces were also measured during heating and cooling. Results showed anisotropic and nonlinear expansion of both Sn and In, with a contraction, rather than expansion, of the basal planes of In during heating. The principal IMC that formed between Sn and the Au/Ni/Cu surface was characterized as Cu(6)Sn(5), having an average expansion coefficient of 13.6 x 10(-6)/degrees C, which is less than that of Sn or Cu.
C1 [Elmer, John W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Specht, Eliot D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Elmer, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM elmer1@llnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725];
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy; US DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Office
of Science [W-31-109-ENG-38]
FX The authors would like to thank Mike Santella of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory and Suresh Babu of the Ohio State University for assisting
with the data analysis, and Jenia Karapetrova of the APS for assisting
with the synchrotron beam-line setup and operation. This work was
performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and
by Oak Ridge National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The ORNL portion of this work was fully supported by the Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy. The in situ synchrotron experiments were performed
on 34-BM-C at the APS, which is supported by the US DOE, Basic Energy
Sciences, Office of Science under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38.
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 40
IS 2
BP 201
EP 212
DI 10.1007/s11664-010-1438-3
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 728GF
UT WOS:000287861900013
ER
PT J
AU Lyapin, A
Schreiber, HJ
Viti, M
Adolphsen, C
Arnold, R
Boogert, S
Boorman, G
Chistiakova, MV
Gournaris, F
Duginov, V
Hast, C
Hildreth, MD
Hlaing, C
Jackson, F
Khainovsky, O
Kolomensky, YG
Kostromin, S
Kumar, K
Maiheu, B
McCormick, D
Miller, DJ
Morozov, N
Orimoto, T
Petigura, E
Sadre-Bazzaz, M
Slater, M
Szalata, Z
Thomson, M
Ward, D
Wendt, M
Wing, M
Woods, M
AF Lyapin, A.
Schreiber, H. J.
Viti, M.
Adolphsen, C.
Arnold, R.
Boogert, S.
Boorman, G.
Chistiakova, M. V.
Gournaris, F.
Duginov, V.
Hast, C.
Hildreth, M. D.
Hlaing, C.
Jackson, F.
Khainovsky, O.
Kolomensky, Yu G.
Kostromin, S.
Kumar, K.
Maiheu, B.
McCormick, D.
Miller, D. J.
Morozov, N.
Orimoto, T.
Petigura, E.
Sadre-Bazzaz, M.
Slater, M.
Szalata, Z.
Thomson, M.
Ward, D.
Wendt, M.
Wing, M.
Woods, M.
TI Results from a prototype chicane-based energy spectrometer for a Linear
Collider
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high
energy (linear accelerators, synchrotrons); Hardware and accelerator
control systems; Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile
monitors; beam-intensity monitors; bunch length monitors)
AB The International Linear Collider (ILC) and other proposed high energy e(+) e(-) machines aim to measure with unprecedented precision Standard Model quantities and new, not yet discovered phenomena. One of the main requirements for achieving this goal is a measurement of the incident beam energy with an uncertainty close to 10(-4). This article presents the analysis of data from a prototype energy spectrometer commissioned in 2006-2007 in SLAC's End Station A beamline. The prototype was a 4-magnet chicane equipped with beam position monitors measuring small changes of the beam orbit through the chicane at different beam energies. A single bunch energy resolution close to 5 . 10(-4) was measured, which is satisfactory for most scenarios. We also report on the operational experience with the chicane-based spectrometer and suggest ways of improving its performance.
C1 [Lyapin, A.; Gournaris, F.; Maiheu, B.; Miller, D. J.; Wing, M.] UCL, London, England.
[Schreiber, H. J.; Viti, M.] Deutsch Electronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
[Schreiber, H. J.; Viti, M.] Deutsch Electronen Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany.
[Adolphsen, C.; Arnold, R.; Hast, C.; Kumar, K.; McCormick, D.; Szalata, Z.; Woods, M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Lyapin, A.; Boogert, S.; Boorman, G.] Univ London, Egham, Surrey, England.
[Chistiakova, M. V.; Hlaing, C.; Khainovsky, O.; Kolomensky, Yu G.; Orimoto, T.; Petigura, E.; Sadre-Bazzaz, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chistiakova, M. V.; Hlaing, C.; Khainovsky, O.; Kolomensky, Yu G.; Orimoto, T.; Petigura, E.; Sadre-Bazzaz, M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Duginov, V.; Kostromin, S.; Morozov, N.; Orimoto, T.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Hildreth, M. D.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Jackson, F.] Daresbury Lab, Daresbury, England.
[Kumar, K.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Orimoto, T.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Slater, M.; Thomson, M.; Ward, D.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England.
[Wendt, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Lyapin, A (reprint author), UCL, London, England.
EM Alexey.Lyapin@rhul.ac.uk
RI Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015;
OI Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Kumar, Krishna/0000-0001-5318-4622
FU Commission of the European Communities [RIDS-011899]; Science and
Technology Facilities Council (STFC); LCABD; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-76SF00515, DE-FG02-03ER41279, DE-FG02-05ER41383]; NSF
[PHY0529471]
FX We would like to thank all SLAC staff who helped with the experiment and
machine operation. We would also like to thank our funding bodies, in
particular:; The Commission of the European Communities under the 6th
Framework Programme "Structuring the European Research Arm," contract
number RIDS-011899 and the Science and Technology Facilities Council
(STFC), LCABD program for funding the UK institutions.; The U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 for supporting
this work at SLAC.; The U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-FG02-03ER41279 for supporting the colleagues at University of
California and LBNL.; The Research Corporation under contract NSF
PHY0529471, and the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-FG02-05ER41383 for funding the work in University of Notre Dame.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 6
AR P02002
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02002
PG 20
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 728FS
UT WOS:000287860600008
ER
PT J
AU MacPhee, AG
Edgell, DH
Bond, EJ
Bradley, DK
Brown, CG
Burns, SR
Celeste, JR
Cerjan, CJ
Eckart, MJ
Glebov, VY
Glenzer, SH
Hey, DS
Jones, OS
Kilkenny, JD
Kimbrough, JR
Landen, OL
Mackinnon, AJ
Meezan, NB
Parker, JM
Sweeney, RM
AF MacPhee, A. G.
Edgell, D. H.
Bond, E. J.
Bradley, D. K.
Brown, C. G.
Burns, S. R.
Celeste, J. R.
Cerjan, C. J.
Eckart, M. J.
Glebov, V. Y.
Glenzer, S. H.
Hey, D. S.
Jones, O. S.
Kilkenny, J. D.
Kimbrough, J. R.
Landen, O. L.
Mackinnon, A. J.
Meezan, N. B.
Parker, J. M.
Sweeney, R. M.
TI A diamond detector for X-ray bang-time measurement at the National
Ignition Facility
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Plasma generation (laser-produced, RF, x ray-produced); X-ray detectors
ID TARGETS; SIMULATIONS
AB An instrument has been developed to measure X-ray bang-time for inertial confinement fusion capsules; the time interval between the start of the laser pulse and peak X-ray emission from the fuel core. The instrument comprises chemical vapor deposited polycrystalline diamond photoconductive X-ray detectors with highly ordered pyrolytic graphite X-ray monochromator crystals at the input. Capsule bang-time can be measured in the presence of relatively high thermal and hard X-ray background components due to the selective band pass of the crystals combined with direct and indirect X-ray shielding of the detector elements. A five channel system is being commissioned at the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for implosion optimization measurements as part of the National Ignition Campaign. Characteristics of the instrument have been measured demonstrating that X-ray bang-time can be measured with +/- 30 ps precision, characterizing the soft X-ray drive to +/- 1 eV or 1.5%.
C1 [MacPhee, A. G.; Bond, E. J.; Bradley, D. K.; Brown, C. G.; Burns, S. R.; Celeste, J. R.; Cerjan, C. J.; Eckart, M. J.; Glenzer, S. H.; Hey, D. S.; Jones, O. S.; Kimbrough, J. R.; Landen, O. L.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Meezan, N. B.; Parker, J. M.; Sweeney, R. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Edgell, D. H.; Glebov, V. Y.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Kilkenny, J. D.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP MacPhee, AG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM macphee2@llnl.go
RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014
OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the staff of the Jupiter Laser Facility
at LLNL for their support during the testing phase of the instrument on
the Comet laser. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 (Authorization Review No.
LLNL-JRNL-463743)
NR 21
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 6
AR P02009
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02009
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 728FS
UT WOS:000287860600015
ER
PT J
AU Valentine, NB
Wunschel, SC
Valdez, CO
Kreuzer, H
Bartholomew, RA
Straub, TM
Wahl, KL
AF Valentine, Nancy B.
Wunschel, Sharon C.
Valdez, Catherine O.
Kreuzer, Helen
Bartholomew, Rachel A.
Straub, Timothy M.
Wahl, Karen L.
TI Preservation of viable Francisella tularensis for forensic analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Francisella; Preservation
AB As a preservation solution, (1%) ammonium chloride may be preferred over other conventionally used storage solutions because of its compatibility with analytical techniques such as Mass Spectrometry. In this study, ammonium chloride performed as well or better than phosphate buffered saline with Tween or Butterfields/Tween for preserving Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Valentine, Nancy B.; Wunschel, Sharon C.; Valdez, Catherine O.; Kreuzer, Helen; Bartholomew, Rachel A.; Straub, Timothy M.; Wahl, Karen L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Valentine, NB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 Battelle Blvd,MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM nancy.valentine@pnl.gov
FU Chemical and Biological Countermeasures Division of the Science and
Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security
FX This research was sponsored by the Chemical and Biological
Countermeasures Division of the Science and Technology Directorate of
the Department of Homeland Security.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 2
BP 346
EP 348
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.12.006
PG 3
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 729LM
UT WOS:000287951200031
PM 21167882
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JX
Kalnaus, S
Behrooz, M
Jiang, YY
AF Zhang, Jixi
Kalnaus, Sergiy
Behrooz, Majid
Jiang, Yanyao
TI Effect of Loading History on Stress Corrosion Cracking of 7075-T651
Aluminum Alloy in Saline Aqueous Environment
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on the Stress Corrosion Cracking in Structural
Materials at Ambient Temperatures
CY SEP, 2009
CL Padua, ITALY
ID LASER-TREATED ALUMINUM-ALLOY-7075; MG-CU ALLOYS; AL; RETROGRESSION;
STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; 7075-ALUMINUM-ALLOY; IMPROVEMENTS; FRACTOGRAPHY;
RESISTANCE
AB An experimental study of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was conducted on 7075-T651 aluminum alloy in a chromate-inhibited, acidic 3.5 pct sodium chloride aqueous solution using compact tension specimens with a thickness of 3.8 mm under permanent immersion conditions. The effects of loading magnitude, overload, underload, and two-step high-low sequence loading on incubation time and crack growth behavior were investigated. The results show that the SCC process consists of three stages: incubation, transient crack growth, and stable crack growth. The incubation time is highly dependent on the load level. Tensile overload or compressive underload applied prior to SCC significantly altered the initiation time of corrosion cracking. Transition from a high to a low loading magnitude resulted in a second incubation but much shorter or disappearing transient stage. The stable crack growth rate is independent of stress intensity factor in the range of 10 to 22 MPa root m.
C1 [Zhang, Jixi; Kalnaus, Sergiy; Behrooz, Majid; Jiang, Yanyao] Univ Nevada, Dept Mech Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Kalnaus, Sergiy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Zhang, JX (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Mech Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM yjiang@unr.edu
RI Jiang, Yanyao/H-1816-2012; Behrooz, Majid/A-9920-2010;
OI Jiang, Yanyao/0000-0002-1977-4669; Behrooz, Majid/0000-0003-4061-9214;
Kalnaus, Sergiy/0000-0002-7465-3034
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 2
BP 448
EP 460
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0419-8
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 714WO
UT WOS:000286839900021
ER
PT J
AU Welten, KC
Caffee, MW
Hillegonds, DJ
McCoy, TJ
Masarik, J
Nishiizumi, K
AF Welten, K. C.
Caffee, M. W.
Hillegonds, D. J.
McCoy, T. J.
Masarik, J.
Nishiizumi, K.
TI Cosmogenic radionuclides in L5 and LL5 chondrites from Queen Alexandra
Range, Antarctica: Identification of a large L/LL5 chondrite shower with
a preatmospheric mass of approximately 50,000 kg
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENT; COSMIC-RAY PARTICLES; EXPOSURE HISTORY;
PRODUCTION-RATES; FRONTIER MOUNTAIN; TERRESTRIAL AGES; IRON-METEORITES;
AMS STANDARDS; STONY METEORITES; STREWN FIELD
AB The collection of approximately 3300 meteorites from the Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) area, Antarctica, is dominated by more than 2000 chondrites classified as either L5 or LL5. Based on concentrations of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, and 41Ca in the metal and stone fraction of 16 QUE L5 or LL5 chondrites, we conclude that 13 meteorites belong to a single meteorite shower, QUE 90201, with a large preatmospheric size and a terrestrial age of 125 kyr. Members of this shower have properties typical of L (e.g., pyroxene composition) and LL chondrites (e.g., metal abundance and composition), as well as properties intermediate between the L and LL groups (e.g., olivine composition), and is thus best described as an L/LL5 chondrite. Based on comparison with model calculations, the measured radionuclide concentrations in the metal and stone fractions of QUE 90201 indicate irradiation in an object with a preatmospheric radius of approximately 150 cm, representing one of the largest chondrites known so far. Based on the abundance of small L5 and LL5 chondrites at QUE and their distinct mass distribution, we conclude that the QUE 90201 shower includes up to 2000 fragments with a total recovered mass of 60-70 kg, < 1% of the preatmospheric mass of approximately 50,000 kg. The mass distribution of the QUE 90201 shower suggests that the meteoroid experienced catastrophic atmospheric fragmentation(s), either because it was a fragile object or it had a high entry velocity.
C1 [Welten, K. C.; Nishiizumi, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Caffee, M. W.; Hillegonds, D. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Caffee, M. W.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[McCoy, T. J.] Smithsonian Inst, US Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Masarik, J.] Comenius Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovakia.
RP Welten, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM kcwelten@berkeley.edu
RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015
OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967
FU NASA [NAG5-4992, NAG5-9777]; LLNL-CAMS
FX This work was supported, in part, by NASA grants NAG5-4992 (K. C. W. and
K. N.), NAG5-9777 (T. J. M.), and a LLNL-CAMS grant. We thank the
National Science Foundation for supporting the Antarctic Search for
Meteorites (ANSMET) and the Meteorite Working Group for providing
samples. We also are grateful to Bob Finkel for assistance with the AMS
measurements at LLNL. AMS measurements at LLNL were performed under the
auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under contract W-7405-ENG-48. We thank
Bernard Lavielle and Ingo Leya for valuable comments that improved this
article, and Tim Jull for editorial handling.
NR 78
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 2
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2010.01142.x
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 723DU
UT WOS:000287487300002
ER
PT J
AU Park, JK
Schaffer, MJ
La Haye, RJ
Scoville, TJ
Menard, JE
AF Park, Jong-Kyu
Schaffer, Michael J.
La Haye, Robert J.
Scoville, Timothy J.
Menard, Jonathan E.
TI Error field correction in DIII-D Ohmic plasmas with either handedness
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID WALL MODES; TOKAMAK; JET
AB Error field correction results in DIII-D plasmas are presented in various configurations. In both left-handed and right-handed plasma configurations, where the intrinsic error fields become different due to the opposite helical twist (handedness) of the magnetic field, the optimal error correction currents and the toroidal phases of internal(I)-coils are empirically established. Applications of the Ideal Perturbed Equilibrium Code to these results demonstrate that the field component to be minimized is not the resonant component of the external field, but the total field including ideal plasma responses. Consistency between experiment and theory has been greatly improved along with the understanding of ideal plasma responses, but non-ideal plasma responses still need to be understood to achieve the reliable predictability in tokamak error field correction.
C1 [Park, Jong-Kyu; Menard, Jonathan E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Schaffer, Michael J.; La Haye, Robert J.; Scoville, Timothy J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Park, JK (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286
FU DOE [DE-AC02-76CH03073 (PPPL), DE-FC02-04ER54698 (GA)]
FX This work was supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-76CH03073 (PPPL) and
DE-FC02-04ER54698 (GA).
NR 24
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 2
AR 023003
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/51/2/023003
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 716KV
UT WOS:000286968400003
ER
PT J
AU Guttenfelder, W
Candy, J
AF Guttenfelder, W.
Candy, J.
TI Resolving electron scale turbulence in spherical tokamaks with flow
shear
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT; CONFINEMENT; SIMULATIONS; PLASMA; NSTX
AB This paper presents nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of electron temperature gradient (ETG) turbulence based on spherical tokamak (ST) parameters. Most significantly the simulations include the strong toroidal flow and flow shear present in STs that suppress ion-scale turbulence while using kinetic ions at full mass ratio (m(i)/m(e) = 3600). The flow shear provides a physical long-wavelength cutoff mechanism that aids saturation of the simulations, which has previously been demonstrated to be problematic depending on magnetic shear. As magnetic shear varies widely in STs we systematically demonstrate saturation and convergence of the ETG simulations with respect to grid resolution, physical domain size, and boundary conditions. While using reduced ion mass or adiabatic ions can lessen computational expense they do not always provide reliable results. The resulting spectra from converged simulations are anisotropic everywhere in contrast to previous ETG simulations without flow shear. These results have implications for interpreting turbulence measurements, and represent an important step in determining when and where ETG turbulence is expected to be relevant in ST plasmas. They are also important in the context of validating simulations with both experimental transport analysis and turbulence measurements. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3551701]
C1 [Guttenfelder, W.] Univ Warwick, Ctr Fus Space & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Candy, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Guttenfelder, W (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
FU EPSRC [EP/H002081/1]; NERSC
FX We gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with C. S. Brady, R. O.
Dendy, A. R. Field, D. R. Mikkelsen A. G. Peeters, F. M. Poli, C. M.
Roach, and M. Valovic. Calculations were performed at the University of
Warwick Centre for Scientific Computing, HECToR (EPSRC Grant
EP/H002081/1), and NERSC.
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 2
AR 022506
DI 10.1063/1.3551701
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 727PH
UT WOS:000287812900030
ER
PT J
AU Russell, DA
Myra, JR
D'Ippolito, DA
Munsat, TL
Sechrest, Y
Maqueda, RJ
Stotler, DP
Zweben, SJ
AF Russell, D. A.
Myra, J. R.
D'Ippolito, D. A.
Munsat, T. L.
Sechrest, Y.
Maqueda, R. J.
Stotler, D. P.
Zweben, S. J.
CA NSTX Team
TI Comparison of scrape-off layer turbulence simulations with experiments
using a synthetic gas puff imaging diagnostic
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALCATOR C-MOD; EDGE TURBULENCE; TRANSPORT; PLASMA; TOKAMAK;
FLUCTUATIONS; BOUNDARY; PROGRESS; PHYSICS; NSTX
AB A synthetic gas puff imaging (GPI) diagnostic has been added to the scrape-off layer turbulence (SOLT) simulation code, enabling comparisons with GPI data from the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)]. The edge and scrape-off layer are modeled in the radial and poloidal (bidirectional) dimensions of the outboard midplane region of NSTX. A low-confinement mode discharge is simulated by choosing reference parameters, including radial density and temperature profiles, to be consistent with those of the shot (no. 112825). NSTX and simulation GPI data are submitted to identical analyses. It is demonstrated that the level of turbulent fluctuations in the simulation may be adjusted to give synthetic GPI radial intensity profiles similar to those of the experiment; for a "best-case" simulation, SOLT and NSTX probability distribution functions of blob radial locations, widths, and GPI image velocities are compared. For the simulation, synthetic GPI image velocity and fluid convection (E x B) velocity are compared and contrasted. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3553024]
C1 [Russell, D. A.; Myra, J. R.; D'Ippolito, D. A.] Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Munsat, T. L.; Sechrest, Y.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Integrated Plasma Studies, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Maqueda, R. J.; Stotler, D. P.; Zweben, S. J.; NSTX Team] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Russell, DA (reprint author), Lodestar Res Corp, 2400 Cent Ave,P-5, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM dave@lodestar.com
RI Stotler, Daren/J-9494-2015
OI Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-02ER54678, DE-FG02-97ER54392,
DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
Grant Nos. DE-FG02-02ER54678, DE-FG02-97ER54392, and DE-AC02-09CH11466;
however, this support does not constitute an endorsement by the DOE of
the views expressed herein.
NR 42
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 2
AR 022306
DI 10.1063/1.3553024
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 727PH
UT WOS:000287812900019
ER
PT J
AU Whitney, JB
Hraber, PT
Luedemann, C
Giorgi, EE
Daniels, MG
Bhattacharya, T
Rao, SS
Mascola, JR
Nabel, GJ
Korber, BT
Letvin, NL
AF Whitney, James B.
Hraber, Peter T.
Luedemann, Corinne
Giorgi, Elena E.
Daniels, Marcus G.
Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
Rao, Srinivas S.
Mascola, John R.
Nabel, Gary J.
Korber, Bette T.
Letvin, Norman L.
TI Genital Tract Sequestration of SIV following Acute Infection
SO PLOS PATHOGENS
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DRUG-RESISTANCE MUTATIONS; PRIMARY HIV-1
INFECTION; CD4(+) T-CELLS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; SEMINAL PLASMA; VIRAL
LOAD; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; HIV-1-INFECTED MEN; GENETIC ALGORITHM
AB We characterized the evolution of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in the male genital tract by examining blood-and semen-associated virus from experimentally and sham vaccinated rhesus monkeys during primary infection. At the time of peak virus replication, SIV sequences were intermixed between the blood and semen supporting a scenario of high-level virus "spillover" into the male genital tract. However, at the time of virus set point, compartmentalization was apparent in 4 of 7 evaluated monkeys, likely as a consequence of restricted virus gene flow between anatomic compartments after the resolution of primary viremia. These findings suggest that SIV replication in the male genital tract evolves to compartmentalization after peak viremia resolves.
C1 [Whitney, James B.; Luedemann, Corinne; Letvin, Norman L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Viral Pathogenesis, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Whitney, James B.; Letvin, Norman L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
[Hraber, Peter T.; Giorgi, Elena E.; Daniels, Marcus G.; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Rao, Srinivas S.; Mascola, John R.; Nabel, Gary J.; Letvin, Norman L.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Whitney, JB (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Viral Pathogenesis, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM jwhitne2@bidmc.harvard.edu
RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013;
OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Korber,
Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897
FU Vaccine Research Center (VRC); National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology
(CHAVI) [AI067854]
FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
Vaccine Research Center (VRC), and the National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine
Immunology (CHAVI) AI067854. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 77
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7366
J9 PLOS PATHOG
JI PLoS Pathog.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001293
DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001293
PG 13
WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
GA 726DE
UT WOS:000287698200031
PM 21379569
ER
PT J
AU Craft, AE
Silver, IJ
Clark, CM
Howe, SD
King, JC
AF Craft, A. E.
Silver, I. J.
Clark, C. M.
Howe, S. D.
King, J. C.
TI Advanced shield development for a fission surface power system for the
lunar surface
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE radiation shielding; space nuclear power; fission surface power
AB A nuclear reactor power system such as the affordable fission surface power system enables a potential outpost on the moon. A radiation shield must be included in the reactor system to reduce the otherwise excessive dose to the astronauts and other vital system components. The radiation shield is typically the most massive component of a space reactor system, and thus must be optimized to reduce mass as much as possible while still providing the required protection. Various shield options for an on-lander reactor system are examined for outpost distances of 400 m and 1 km from the reactor. Also investigated is the resulting mass savings from the use of a high-performance cermet fuel. A thermal analysis is performed to determine the thermal behaviours of radiation shields using borated water. For an outpost located 1000 m from the core, a tetramethylammonium borohydride shield is the lightest (5148.4 kg), followed by a trilayer shield (boron carbide-tungsten-borated water; 5832.3 kg), and finally a borated water shield (6020.7 kg). In all of the final design cases, the temperature of the borated water remains below 400 K.
C1 [Craft, A. E.; King, J. C.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Nucl Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Silver, I. J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Clark, C. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, State Coll, PA USA.
[Howe, S. D.] INL, CSNR, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Craft, AE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Nucl Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM aaron.e.craft@gmail.com
RI King, Jeffrey/G-8382-2012; Craft, Aaron/B-7579-2017
OI Craft, Aaron/0000-0002-7092-3826
FU NASA Marshall Space Flight Center; Center for Space Nuclear Research
(CSNR) at the Idaho National Laboratory
FX This work made possible by Dr Mike Houts from NASA Marshall Space Flight
Center, whose generous funding, knowledgeable input, and guidance were
integral in completing this work. This work was conducted during the
Summer-2009 Fellowship Program at the Center for Space Nuclear Research
(CSNR) at the Idaho National Laboratory. The research was advised by Dr
Steven Howe from the CSNR, and this article was developed with input and
advice from Dr Jeffrey C. King at the Colorado School of Mines.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4100
J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 225
IS G2
SI SI
BP 204
EP 212
DI 10.1243/09544100JAERO758
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 729WZ
UT WOS:000287986200007
ER
PT J
AU Souers, PC
Garza, R
Hornig, H
Lauderbach, L
Owens, C
Vitello, P
AF Souers, P. Clark
Garza, Raul
Hornig, Howard
Lauderbach, Lisa
Owens, Cinda
Vitello, Peter
TI Metal Angle Correction in the Cylinder Test
SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adiabatic Energy; Cylinder Test; Detonation; Detonation Energy; Gurney
Model
AB Cylinder test data show that the copper wall angle increases with time in a given shot and becomes much larger if the wall is at half-thickness. The true velocity is suggested to be that perpendicular to the wall, and this brings full- and half-wall data in closer agreement. The previously published Gurney-type equation for calculating the detonation energy density at each relative volume is modified by the angle of the wall and the angle of the measuring probe. This provides a unique solution to the energy density that does not require empirical coefficients or standards. We derive the length of the cone perpendicular to the cylinder surface and we use this as a description of the constant relative volume, creating a unified model for the first time. As a standard for full-wall cylinders, we obtain relative volumes of 2.4, 4.4, and 7.0 at the scaled wall displacements of 6, 12.5, and 19 mm. For a full-wall copper cylinder at the three points, the wall angles average 10.0, 11.0, and 11.6 degrees. Besides Cylinder test data on copper, previously unpublished framing camera pictures also measure angles for eight different metals. The angles are a function of wall thickness and relative volume but of nothing else, including the type of metal. For modeling, our simulation code calculates the wall velocity as seen along a particular probe direction, as this is a more realistic comparison to measurements than a zone particle velocity.
C1 [Souers, P. Clark; Garza, Raul; Hornig, Howard; Lauderbach, Lisa; Owens, Cinda; Vitello, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM souers1@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy
by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 8
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U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0721-3115
J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT
JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 1
BP 9
EP 15
DI 10.1002/prep.201000006
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 729XS
UT WOS:000287988300001
ER
PT J
AU Jau, YY
Benito, FM
Partner, H
Schwindt, PDD
AF Jau, Y. -Y.
Benito, F. M.
Partner, H.
Schwindt, P. D. D.
TI Low power high-performance radio frequency oscillator for driving ion
traps
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIOFREQUENCY GENERATOR; CAPACITIVE LOADS; GUIDES
AB We report a simple, efficient, high voltage radio frequency (RF) generator powered by a single voltage source (1.5-7 V) to resonantly drive ion traps or other capacitive loads. Our circuit is able to deliver RF voltages > 500 V(p-p) at frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 10 MHz. This RF oscillator uses low-cost, commercially available components, and can be easily assembled onto a circuit board of a few cm(2). Because of its simplicity and good efficiency, this circuit is useful in applications requiring small size and low power consumption such as portable ion trap systems where the duration of operation under battery power is of concern. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3558569]
C1 [Jau, Y. -Y.; Benito, F. M.; Partner, H.; Schwindt, P. D. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Jau, YY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM yjau@sandia.gov
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); US Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX We thank Kenneth Wojciechowski for useful discussions. This work is
supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under
the Integrated Micro Primary Atomic Clock Technology program (IMPACT).
The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this
paper/presentation are those of the author/presenter and should not be
interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either
expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
or the Department of Defense. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned
subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 16
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U1 7
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023118
DI 10.1063/1.3558569
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400018
PM 21361584
ER
PT J
AU Kruschwitz, CA
Wu, M
Rochau, GA
AF Kruschwitz, Craig A.
Wu, Ming
Rochau, Greg A.
TI Monte Carlo simulations of microchannel plate detectors. II. Pulsed
voltage results
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLIERS; CAMERAS
AB This paper is the second part of a continuing study of straight-channel microchannel plate (MCP)based x-ray detectors. Such detectors are a useful diagnostic tool for two-dimensional, time-resolved imaging and time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy. To interpret the data from such detectors, it is critical to develop a better understanding of the behavior of MCPs biased with subnanosecond voltage pulses. The subject of this paper is a Monte Carlo computer code that simulates the electron cascade in a MCP channel under an arbitrary pulsed voltage, particularly those pulses with widths comparable to the transit time of the electron cascade in the MCP under DC voltage bias. We use this code to study the gain as a function of time (also called the gate profile or optical gate) for various voltage pulse shapes, including pulses measured along the MCP. In addition, experimental data of MCP behavior in pulsed mode are obtained with a short-pulse UV laser. Comparisons between the simulations and experimental data show excellent agreement for both the gate profile and the peak relative sensitivity along the MCP strips. We report that the dependence of relative gain on peak voltage is larger in pulsed mode when the width of the high-voltage waveform is smaller than the transit time of cascading electrons in the MCP. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3530451]
C1 [Kruschwitz, Craig A.; Wu, Ming] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Los Alamos Operat, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Rochau, Greg A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kruschwitz, CA (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, Los Alamos Operat, POB 809, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
FU NSTec Nevada Test Site-Directed Research & Development (SDRD); SNL
Above-Ground Experimentation (AGEX) programs; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC52-06NA25946]
FX This research has been partially supported by NSTec Nevada Test
Site-Directed Research & Development (SDRD) funds and SNL Above-Ground
Experimentation (AGEX) programs. The authors would like to thank Matt
Griffin, Ken Moy, Shaun Hampton, and Andrew Mead for their assistance
with the experimental measurements at the NSTec Livermore Short Pulse
Laser Facility, and Aric Tibbitts, and Morris Kaufman for the H-CA-65
camera design.; This manuscript has been authored by National Security
Technologies, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25946 with the U.S.
Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the
publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes.
NR 21
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U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023102
DI 10.1063/1.3530451
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400002
PM 21361568
ER
PT J
AU Maddox, BR
Park, HS
Remington, BA
Izumi, N
Chen, S
Chen, C
Kimminau, G
Ali, Z
Haugh, MJ
Ma, Q
AF Maddox, B. R.
Park, H. S.
Remington, B. A.
Izumi, N.
Chen, S.
Chen, C.
Kimminau, G.
Ali, Z.
Haugh, M. J.
Ma, Q.
TI High-energy x-ray backlighter spectrum measurements using calibrated
image plates
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; DEPENDENCE
AB The x-ray spectrum between 18 and 88 keV generated by a petawatt laser driven x-ray backlighter target was measured using a 12-channel differential filter pair spectrometer. The spectrometer consists of a series of filter pairs on a Ta mask coupled with an x-ray sensitive image plate. A calibration of Fuji (TM) MS and SR image plates was conducted using a tungsten anode x-ray source and the resulting calibration applied to the design of the Ross pair spectrometer. Additionally, the fade rate and resolution of the image plate system were measured for quantitative radiographic applications. The conversion efficiency of laser energy into silver K alpha x rays from a petawatt laser target was measured using the differential filter pair spectrometer and compared to measurements using a single photon counting charge coupled device. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3531979]
C1 [Maddox, B. R.; Park, H. S.; Remington, B. A.; Izumi, N.; Chen, S.; Chen, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kimminau, G.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Ali, Z.; Haugh, M. J.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Ma, Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, DND CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Maddox, BR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016;
OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; chen, sophia n./0000-0002-3372-7666
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; E.I. DuPont de
Nemours Co.; Dow Chemical Company; State of Illinois
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344. Portions of this work were performed at the
DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) located at
Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source (APS). DND-CAT is supported by
E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., The Dow Chemical Company, and the State of
Illinois. Use of the APS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 16
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U1 5
U2 26
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023111
DI 10.1063/1.3531979
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400011
PM 21361577
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, O
Burrell, KH
Chavez, JA
Kaplan, DH
Chrystal, C
Pablant, NA
Solomon, WM
AF Meyer, O.
Burrell, K. H.
Chavez, J. A.
Kaplan, D. H.
Chrystal, C.
Pablant, N. A.
Solomon, W. M.
TI Masking a CCD camera allows multichord charge exchange spectroscopy
measurements at high speed on the DIII-D tokamak
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB Charge exchange spectroscopy is one of the standard plasma diagnostic techniques used in tokamak research to determine ion temperature, rotation speed, particle density, and radial electric field. Configuring a charge coupled device (CCD) camera to serve as a detector in such a system requires a trade-off between the competing desires to detect light from as many independent spatial views as possible while still obtaining the best possible time resolution. High time resolution is essential, for example, for studying transient phenomena such as edge localized modes. By installing a mask in front of a camera with a 1024 x 1024 pixel CCD chip, we are able to acquire spectra from eight separate views while still achieving a minimum time resolution of 0.2 ms. The mask separates the light from the eight spectra, preventing spatial and temporal cross talk. A key part of the design was devising a compact translation stage which attaches to the front of the camera and allows adjustment of the position of the mask openings relative to the CCD surface. The stage is thin enough to fit into the restricted space between the CCD camera and the spectrometer endplate. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3553394]
C1 [Meyer, O.] DSM IRFM, Euratom CEA Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Burrell, K. H.; Chavez, J. A.; Kaplan, D. H.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Chrystal, C.; Pablant, N. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Solomon, W. M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Meyer, O (reprint author), DSM IRFM, Euratom CEA Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.
OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-07ER54917,
DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported in part by the U. S. Department of Energy under
DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-07ER54917, and DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023114
DI 10.1063/1.3553394
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400014
PM 21361580
ER
PT J
AU Ni, PA
Kwan, JW
Roy, PK
Waldron, WL
AF Ni, P. A.
Kwan, J. W.
Roy, P. K.
Waldron, W. L.
TI Li+ ion emission from a hot-plate alumina-silicate source stimulated by
flash heating with an infrared laser
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II accelerator under construction at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been designed to employ a lithium-doped alumino-silicate (Al-Si) hotplate surface-ionization ion source. In order to achieve the design 1 mA/cm(2) current density, the emitter must be constantly kept at a high temperature, leading to the accelerated loss of Li material as ions or neutrals. As a result, the estimated lifetime of the source is 50 h. This lifetime can be extended if the source is kept at low temperature during standby, and pulse heated to the high temperature during the ion extraction phase only. A pulsed heating technique based on an infrared laser (CO2 gasdischarge lambda = 10.6 mu m) is described in this paper. The feasibility of ion current emission stimulated by flash heating with an infrared (IR) laser was demonstrated. High repeatability of the laser-stimulated ion current was observed, creating an opportunity for modulation and gating of the ion current with a laser pulse. It was found that with the available low power (approximate to 115 W/cm(2)) IR laser, current densities as high as 0.8 mA/cm(2) could be achieved with a 2.8 mm diameter source. Various approaches for scaling to a larger (10 cm diameter) source and the application of short pulse, high power lasers are discussed. The results and conclusions of this paper may apply to various species of hot-plate ion sources. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3555334]
C1 [Ni, P. A.; Kwan, J. W.; Roy, P. K.; Waldron, W. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ni, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by LBNL under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would
like to thank Wayne Greenway and Ahmed Pekedis for preparing the source
samples and target chamber and Dr. Frank Bieniosek and Dr. Alex Friedman
for fruitful physics discussions.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023304
DI 10.1063/1.3555334
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400022
PM 21361588
ER
PT J
AU Toeppen, J
AF Toeppen, John
TI Reducing Antibiotic Use
SO SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Toeppen, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM toeppen1@llnl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCIENTIST INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 400 MARKET ST, STE 1250, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0890-3670
J9 SCIENTIST
JI Scientist
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 15
EP 15
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA 717MH
UT WOS:000287051100006
ER
PT J
AU Salve, R
Torn, M
AF Salve, Rohit
Torn, Margaret
TI Precipitation and Soil Impacts on Partitioning of Subsurface Moisture in
Avena barbata
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM; RAINFALL VARIABILITY; MESIC GRASSLAND; USE
EFFICIENCY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER; RESPONSES; CO2; PRODUCTIVITY;
ACCLIMATION
AB The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of two grassland soils and precipitation regimes on soil-moisture dynamics. We set up an experiment in a greenhouse and monitored the soil moisture dynamics in mesocosms planted with Avena barbata, an annual species found in California grasslands. By repeating the precipitation input at regular intervals, we were able to observe plant manipulation of soil moisture during well-defined periods during the growing season. We found that the amount of water partitioned to evapotranspiration, seepage, and soil storage varied among different growth stages. Furthermore, both soil type and precipitation regime had a significant impact on redistributing soil moisture. Whereas in the low-precipitation treatments most water was released to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration, major losses from the high-precipitation treatment occurred as gravity drainage. Observations from this study emphasize the importance of understanding intra-seasonal relationships between vegetation, soil, and water.
C1 [Salve, Rohit; Torn, Margaret] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Salve, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM R_Salve@lbl.gov
RI Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank Alex Morales for assistance with soil collection and mesocosm
construction. We also appreciate the contributions of Tara Macomber,
Melissa Crago, Stephanie Bernard, Paul Cook, Kallista Bley, Julia Shams,
and Marissa Lafler toward maintenance of the watering system and data
collection. This study was supported by the Program for Ecosystem
Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 39
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 10
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 1
BP 437
EP 449
DI 10.2136/vzj2010.0055
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 724JZ
UT WOS:000287573300038
ER
PT J
AU Wolden, CA
Pickerell, A
Gawai, T
Parks, S
Hensley, J
Way, JD
AF Wolden, Colin A.
Pickerell, Anna
Gawai, Trupti
Parks, Sterling
Hensley, Jesse
Way, J. Douglas
TI Synthesis of beta-Mo2C Thin Films
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE thin film; carbide; oxide; plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition;
catalyst
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAS SHIFT REACTION; RAY
PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLYBDENUM CARBIDES; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE; MOO3;
XPS; REDUCTION; STABILITY; COATINGS
AB Thin films of stoichiometric beta-Mo2C were fabricated using a two-step synthesis process. Dense molybdenum oxide films were first deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using mixtures of MoF6, H-2, and O-2. The dependence of operating parameters with respect to deposition rate and quality is reviewed. Oxide films 100-500 nm in thickness were then converted into molybdenum carbide using temperature-programmed reaction using mixtures of H-2 and CH4. X-ray diffraction confirmed that molybdenum oxide is completely transformed into the beta-Mo2C phase when heated to 700 degrees C in mixtures of 20% CH4 in H-2. The films remained well-adhered to the underlying silicon substrate after carburization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy detected no impurities in the films, and Mo was found to exist in a single oxidation state. Microscopy revealed that the as-deposited oxide films were featureless, whereas the carbide films display a complex nanostructure.
C1 [Wolden, Colin A.; Pickerell, Anna; Gawai, Trupti; Parks, Sterling; Way, J. Douglas] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hensley, Jesse] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Wolden, CA (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM cwolden@mines.edu
FU Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory
[DE-FE0001009]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory [KXEA-3-33607-47]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this work provided by Department
of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory through contract
DE-FE0001009 and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory through task
order agreement KXEA-3-33607-47.
NR 29
TC 15
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U1 5
U2 53
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 2
BP 517
EP 521
DI 10.1021/am101095h
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 725IW
UT WOS:000287639400057
PM 21250643
ER
PT J
AU Khripin, CY
Pristinski, D
Dunphy, DR
Brinker, CJ
Kaehr, B
AF Khripin, Constantine Y.
Pristinski, Denis
Dunphy, Darren R.
Brinker, C. Jeffrey
Kaehr, Bryan
TI Protein-Directed Assembly of Arbitrary Three-Dimensional Nanoporous
Silica Architectures
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE biomimetic synthesis; biomineralization; diatom; multiphoton
fabrication; silica; silicon
ID PRESERVING REACTIVE CONVERSION; BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; DIATOM
MICROSHELLS; MULTIPHOTON LITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; BIOSILICA; TEMPLATES;
BIOMINERALIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTECHNOLOGY
AB Through precise control of nanoscale building blocks, such as proteins and polyamines, silica condensing microorganisms are able to create intricate mineral structures displaying hierarchical features from nano- to millimeter-length scales. The creation of artificial structures of similar characteristics is facilitated through biomimetic approaches, for instance, by first creating a bioscaffold comprised of silica condensing moieties which, in turn, govern silica deposition into three-dimensional (3D) structures. In this work, we demonstrate a protein-directed approach to template silica into true arbitrary 3D architectures by employing cross-linked protein hydrogels to controllably direct silica condensation. Protein hydrogels are fabricated using multiphoton lithography, which enables user-defined control over template features in three dimensions. Silica deposition, under acidic conditions, proceeds throughout protein hydrogel templates via flocculation of silica nanoparticles by protein molecules, as indicated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and time-dependent measurements of elastic modulus. Following silica deposition, the protein template can be removed using mild thermal processing yielding high surface area (625 m(2)/g) porous silica replicas that do not undergo significant volume change compared to the starting template. We demonstrate the capabilities of this approach to create bioinspired silica microstructures displaying hierarchical features over broad length scales and the infiltration/functionalization capabilities of the nanoporous silica matrix by laser printing a 3D gold image within a 3D silica matrix. This work provides a foundation to potentially understand and mimic biogenic silica condensation under the constraints of user-defined biotemplates and further should vale a wide range of complex Inorganic architectures to be explored using silica transformational chemistries, for instance silica to silicon, as demonstrated herein.
C1 [Brinker, C. Jeffrey; Kaehr, Bryan] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Khripin, Constantine Y.; Dunphy, Darren R.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, NSF, UNM Ctr Microengn Mat, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Khripin, Constantine Y.; Dunphy, Darren R.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, NSF, UNM Ctr Microengn Mat, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Pristinski, Denis] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kaehr, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM bjkaehr@sandia.gov
RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [9550-10-1-0054]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering; Sandia National Laboratories; United
States DOE's NNSA [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX We thank A. McClung for help with 3D rendering, C. Brodie for use of
diatom images, and X. Jiang for help with TEM. This work was supported
by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant 9550-10-1-0054,
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering. B.K. gratefully acknowledges the
Sandia National Laboratories Truman Fellowship in National Security
Science and Engineering and the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program for support. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the
United States DOE's NNSA under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 53
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 8
U2 98
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1401
EP 1409
DI 10.1021/nn1031774
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800082
PM 21218791
ER
PT J
AU Brzezinski, K
Dauter, Z
Baj, A
Walejko, P
Witkowski, S
AF Brzezinski, Krzysztof
Dauter, Zbigniew
Baj, Aneta
Walejko, Piotr
Witkowski, Stanislaw
TI rac-6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxamide from synchrotron
data
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
ID (2R,4'R,8'R)-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY;
INTERMEDIATE; DERIVATIVES; ENANTIOMERS; PRECURSOR; CHROMANS; ACID
AB The crystal structure of the title water-soluble analogue of vitamin E, trolox amide, C14H19NO3, solved and refined against synchrotron diffraction data, contains two molecules in the asymmetric unit. In both molecules, the heterocyclic ring is in a half-chair conformation. The crystal packing features a herring-bone pattern generated by N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy and amide groups. O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds also occur.
C1 [Brzezinski, Krzysztof; Dauter, Zbigniew] Argonne Natl Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Natl Canc Inst,Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Baj, Aneta; Walejko, Piotr; Witkowski, Stanislaw] Univ Bialystok, Inst Chem, PL-15443 Bialystok, Poland.
RP Brzezinski, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Natl Canc Inst,Biosci Div, Bldg 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM kbrzezinski@anl.gov
FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N N204 177639]; NIH,
National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; US Department of
Energy [W-31-109-Eng-38]
FX Financial support from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education (grant No. N N204 177639) is gratefully acknowledged. This
work was in part supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. X-ray data
were collected at the NECAT 24ID-C beamline of the Advanced Photon
Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS was supported by the
US Department of Energy under contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 67
BP O503
EP U1854
DI 10.1107/S1600536811002807
PN 2
PG 14
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 719PF
UT WOS:000287216300159
PM 21523156
ER
PT J
AU Tang, YZ
Bringa, EM
Remington, BA
Meyers, MA
AF Tang, Yizhe
Bringa, Eduardo M.
Remington, Bruce A.
Meyers, Marc A.
TI Growth and collapse of nanovoids in tantalum monocrystals
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Molecular dynamics; Void growth; Shear loops
ID BCC TRANSITION-METALS; FCC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SCREW DISLOCATIONS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DUCTILE FRACTURE; VOID GROWTH; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION;
ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; FLOW-STRESS; STRAIN-RATE
AB The growth and collapse of nanoscale voids are investigated for tantalum (a model body-centered cubic metal) under different stress states and strain rates by molecular dynamics (MD). Three principal mechanisms of deformation are identified and quantitatively evaluated: (i) shear loop emission and subsequent expansion from the surface of the void; (ii) cooperative shear loop emission from slip planes that are parallel to the same (1 1 1) slip direction and their combination, forming prismatic loops; (iii) twinning starting at the void surface. The generation and evolution of these defects are found to be functions of stress state and strain rate. Dislocations are found to propagate preferably on {1 1 0} and {1 1 2} planes, with Burgers vectors 1/2 < 1 1 1 >. The dislocation shear loops generated expand in a crystallographic manner, and in hydrostatic tension and compression generate prismatic loops that detach from the void. In uniaxial tensile strain along [1 0 0], the extremities of the shear loops remain attached to the void surface, a requisite for void growth. In uniaxial compressive strain, the extremities of the shear loops can also detach from the void surface. The difference in defect evolution is explained by the equal resolved shear stress in the hydrostatic loading case, in contrast with uniaxial strain loading. Nanotwins form preferably upon both uniaxial tensile strain and hydrostatic stress (in tension) and there is a slip-to-twinning transition as the strain rate exceeds 10(8) s(-1). A simplified constitutive description is presented which explains the preponderance of twinning over slip in tension beyond a critical strain rate. The formation of both dislocations and twins is confirmed through laser compression experiments, which provide strain rates (similar to 10(8) s-1) comparable to MD. The dislocation velocities are determined by tracking the edge component of the expanding loops and are found to be subsonic even at extremely high stress and strain rates: 680 m s(-1) for 108 s(-1) and 1020 m s(-1) for 10(9) s(-1). (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tang, Yizhe; Meyers, Marc A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Bringa, Eduardo M.] Univ Nac Cuyo, CONICET, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
[Bringa, Eduardo M.] Univ Nac Cuyo, Inst Ciencias Basicas, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
[Remington, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Meyers, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mameyers@ucsd.edu
RI Bringa, Eduardo/F-8918-2011; Tang, Yizhe/A-2603-2014; Meyers,
Marc/A-2970-2016
OI Tang, Yizhe/0000-0002-2744-3819; Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396
FU University of California; National Science Foundation [TG-DMR060050,
TG-MSS100004]; Argentinean Research Agency
FX This research was funded by the University of California Research
Laboratory Program and was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation through TeraGrid resources provided by TACC Ranger and NCSA
Cobalt under Grant number TG-DMR060050 and TG-MSS100004. E.M.B. thanks
PICT 1024, of the Argentinean Research Agency, for funding. The help of
Dr. D. Correll is greatly appreciated. Discussions with Dr. V. Bulatov
are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Ms. Chia-Hui Lu for
providing transmission electron micrographs of monocrystalline tantalum
loaded by laser shock.
NR 80
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 5
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 1354
EP 1372
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.11.001
PG 19
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 720FE
UT WOS:000287265100005
ER
PT J
AU Charlton-Perez, C
Perez, RB
Protopopescu, V
Worley, BA
AF Charlton-Perez, C.
Perez, R. B.
Protopopescu, V.
Worley, B. A.
TI Detection of unusual events and trends in complex non-stationary data
streams
SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nonlinear; Non-stationary; Signal; Detection
ID EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION; HILBERT SPECTRUM
AB The search for unusual events and trends hidden in multi-component, nonlinear, non-stationary, noisy signals is extremely important for diverse applications, ranging from power plant operation to homeland security. In the context of this work, we define an unusual event as a local signal disturbance and a trend as a continuous carrier of information added to and different from the underlying baseline dynamics. The goal of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of detecting hidden events inside intermittent signal data sets corrupted by high levels of noise, by using the Hilbert-Huang empirical mode decomposition method. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Charlton-Perez, C.] Robinson Court, Reading RG6 5YX, Berks, England.
[Perez, R. B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Protopopescu, V.; Worley, B. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Charlton-Perez, C (reprint author), Robinson Court, Reading RG6 5YX, Berks, England.
EM cristina.l.perez@gmail.com; rperez1@utk.edu; protopopesva@ornl.gov;
worleyba@ornl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We thank Drs. J. Antonino-Daviu and J. Roger-Folch, Electrical
Engineering Department, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain, for
providing the induction machine data. C.C.-P. gratefully acknowledges
Dr. Steven R. Long, NASA/GSFC/Wallops Flight Facility for providing the
Hilbert Transform Algorithm. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is
managed by UT-Battelle. LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the
US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the
publisher by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains, a non-exclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0306-4549
J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY
JI Ann. Nucl. Energy
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 2-3
BP 489
EP 510
DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2010.09.017
PG 22
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 724JE
UT WOS:000287571100037
ER
PT J
AU Kim, KS
DeHart, MD
AF Kim, Kang-Seog
DeHart, Mark D.
TI Unstructured partial- and net-current based coarse mesh finite
difference acceleration applied to the extended step characteristics
method in NEWT
SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coarse mesh finite difference; Extended step characteristics; NEWT;
Acceleration
AB The NEWT (NEW Transport algorithm) code is a multi-group discrete ordinates neutral-particle transport code with flexible meshing capabilities. This code employs the Extended Step Characteristic spatial discretization approach using arbitrary polygonal mesh cells. Until recently, the coarse mesh finite difference acceleration scheme in NEWT for fission source iteration has been available only for rectangular domain boundaries because of the limitation to rectangular coarse meshes. Therefore no acceleration scheme has been available for triangular or hexagonal problem boundaries. A conventional and a new partial-current based coarse mesh finite difference acceleration schemes with unstructured coarse meshes have been implemented within NEWT to support any form of domain boundaries. The computational results show that the new acceleration schemes works well, with performance often improved over the earlier two-level rectangular approach. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kim, Kang-Seog] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
[DeHart, Mark D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kim, KS (reprint author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, 1045 Daedeok Daero, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
EM kimks@kaeri.re.kr
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0306-4549
J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY
JI Ann. Nucl. Energy
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 2-3
BP 527
EP 534
DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2010.09.011
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 724JE
UT WOS:000287571100040
ER
PT J
AU Riederer, A
Takasuka, TE
Makino, S
Stevenson, DM
Bukhman, YV
Elsen, NL
Fox, BG
AF Riederer, Allison
Takasuka, Taichi E.
Makino, Shin-ichi
Stevenson, David M.
Bukhman, Yury V.
Elsen, Nathaniel L.
Fox, Brian G.
TI Global Gene Expression Patterns in Clostridium thermocellum as
Determined by Microarray Analysis of Chemostat Cultures on Cellulose or
Cellobiose
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROBE LEVEL DATA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CARBOHYDRATE; CELLODEXTRIN;
NORMALIZATION; CELLULOVORANS; TRANSCRIPTION; PURIFICATION; ATCC-27405;
MECHANISM
AB A microarray study of chemostat growth on insoluble cellulose or soluble cellobiose has provided substantial new information on Clostridium thermocellum gene expression. This is the first comprehensive examination of gene expression in C. thermocellum under defined growth conditions. Expression was detected from 2,846 of 3,189 genes, and regression analysis revealed 348 genes whose changes in expression patterns were growth rate and/or substrate dependent. Successfully modeled genes included those for scaffoldin and cellulosomal enzymes, intracellular metabolic enzymes, transcriptional regulators, sigma factors, signal transducers, transporters, and hypothetical proteins. Unique genes encoding glycolytic pathway and ethanol fermentation enzymes expressed at high levels simultaneously with previously established maximal ethanol production were also identified. Ranking of normalized expression intensities revealed significant changes in transcriptional levels of these genes. The pattern of expression of transcriptional regulators, sigma factors, and signal transducers indicates that response to growth rate is the dominant global mechanism used for control of gene expression in C. thermocellum.
C1 [Riederer, Allison; Takasuka, Taichi E.; Elsen, Nathaniel L.; Fox, Brian G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Riederer, Allison; Takasuka, Taichi E.; Stevenson, David M.; Bukhman, Yury V.; Elsen, Nathaniel L.; Fox, Brian G.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Makino, Shin-ichi; Fox, Brian G.] Ctr Eukaryot Struct Genom, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Fox, BG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, 141B Biochem Addit,433 Babcock Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM bgfox@biochem.wisc.edu
OI Bukhman, Yury/0000-0002-8111-7651
FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER
DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE Office of Science grant BER DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 41
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 4
BP 1243
EP 1253
DI 10.1128/AEM.02008-10
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 717WM
UT WOS:000287078100011
PM 21169455
ER
PT J
AU Shin, J
Goyal, A
Jesse, S
Heatherly, L
AF Shin, Junsoo
Goyal, Amit
Jesse, Stephen
Heatherly, Lee
TI Polarization Manipulation via Orientation Control in Polycrystalline
BiFeO3 Thin Films on Biaxially Textured, Flexible Metallic Tapes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
AB (111)-, (101)-, and (001)- oriented polycrystalline BiFeO3 films were fabricated on rolling-assisted biaxially textured substrates (RABiTS) with appropriate engineering of heteroepitaxially grown buffer multilayers on RABiTS. The crystallographic orientation and polarization direction were confirmed using X-ray diffraction and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), respectively. All the films exhibited excellent piezoelectric properties. Switching spectroscopy PFM demonstrated that the switching polarization in (111)-oriented polycrystalline BiFeO3 films is higher than that in (101)- or (001)-oriented films. These BiFeO3 films on low-cost, flexible, biaxially textured metallic tapes with controllable orientation and polarization are attractive for application in flexible piezoelectric devices. (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
C1 [Shin, Junsoo; Goyal, Amit; Jesse, Stephen; Heatherly, Lee] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Goyal, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM goyala@ornl.gov
RI Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016
OI Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract
No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 24
PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
PI TOKYO
PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO,
102-0073, JAPAN
SN 1882-0778
J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS
JI Appl. Phys. Express
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
AR 021501
DI 10.1143/APEX.4.021501
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 721TR
UT WOS:000287378800008
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RW
Wang, JX
Mothersill, CE
Hinton, TG
Aizawa, K
Seymour, CB
AF Smith, Richard W.
Wang, Jiaxi
Mothersill, Carmel E.
Hinton, Thomas G.
Aizawa, Kouichi
Seymour, Colin B.
TI Proteomic changes in the gills of wild-type and transgenic
radiosensitive medaka following exposure to direct irradiation and to
X-ray induced bystander signals
SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Annexin; Apoptosis; Bystander effect; Warm-temperature acclimation
related; 65-kDa protein
ID RADIATION-INDUCED STRESS; HEMOPEXIN-LIKE PROTEIN; ORYZIAS-LATIPES;
IN-VIVO; REPAIR-DEFICIENT; JAPANESE MEDAKA; FISH GILLS; CELL-LINES;
DNA-REPAIR; APOPTOSIS
AB The directly irradiated and bystander gill proteome was examined in wild-type and radiosensitive transgenic medaka. Direct irradiation increased the expression of annexin max 3, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in both strains and reduced annexin A4 in wild-type medaka only. In bystander fish, same strain pairings increased CK and LDH in both strains and increased annexin max 3 and annexin A4 in radiosensitive medaka. Mixed strain pairings revealed that, in bystander fish, annexin max 3 was only increased by a bystander signal originating from a radiosensitive source, annexin A4 was increased in radiosensitive bystanders irrespective of the signal source, and CK and LDH were increased if either the bystander signal origin or the recipient bystander fish was radiosensitive. Warm-temperature acclimation related 65-kDa protein (Wap65) was increased in all bystander medaka, whether they were paired with the same or opposite strain and chromosome 5 SR-like CTD-associated factor (SR = serine-argenine-rich. CTD = C-terminal domain) (SCAF) protein was increased in radiosensitive bystander medaka only. Annexin A4, CK and LDH are associated with apoptosis and mirror the increase in apoptotic bodies previously reported in irradiated and bystander medaka, whereas increased Wap65 and LDH suggest a protective response. Thus the proteomic changes reported here could indicate both immediate protection and longer term adaptation to subsequent radiation exposure. In addition this investigation provides further evidence to show that the bystander signal can override the intrinsic genetically determined response and also that signal production and response can be modulated independently. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smith, Richard W.] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Smith, Richard W.; Mothersill, Carmel E.; Seymour, Colin B.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med Phys & Appl Radiat Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Wang, Jiaxi] McMaster Univ, Dept Chem, Reg Ctr Mass Spectrometry, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Hinton, Thomas G.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
[Aizawa, Kouichi] Pharmaceut & Med Devices Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Smith, RW (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
EM rsmith@mcmaster.ca
FU CANDU owners group (COG); Bruce Power; Ontario Power Generation;
National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC); Canada
Research Council (CRC)
FX We gratefully acknowledge our funding agencies: the CANDU owners group
(COG), Bruce Power, Ontario Power Generation, the National Science and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC), and the Canada Research Council
(CRC). We also acknowledge Dr. Hiroshi Mitani (University of Tokyo) for
initially supplying the medaka, Dan Coughlin and Yi Yi for the medaka
husbandry at the SREL, our colleagues in the EU NOTE integrated project,
and Dr. Chris Wood (McMaster University) for allowing us to use his
NSERC/CFI funded 2D gel apparatus.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-9639
J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM
JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 1814
IS 2
BP 290
EP 298
DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.11.002
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 717SM
UT WOS:000287067700004
PM 21081182
ER
PT J
AU Huang, YW
Arkin, AP
Chandonia, JM
AF Huang, Y. Wayne
Arkin, Adam P.
Chandonia, John-Marc
TI WIST: toolkit for rapid, customized LIMS development
SO BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Workflow Information Storage Toolkit (WIST) is a set of application programming interfaces and web applications that allow for the rapid development of customized laboratory information management systems (LIMS). WIST provides common LIMS input components, and allows them to be arranged and configured using a flexible language that specifies each component's visual and semantic characteristics. WIST includes a complete set of web applications for adding, editing and viewing data, as well as a powerful setup tool that can build new LIMS modules by analyzing existing database schema.
C1 [Huang, Y. Wayne; Arkin, Adam P.; Chandonia, John-Marc] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Huang, Y. Wayne; Arkin, Adam P.; Chandonia, John-Marc] Univ Calif Berkeley, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chandonia, John-Marc] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Chandonia, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jmchandonia@lbl.gov
RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008
OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931
FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work conducted by ENIGMA was supported by the Office of Science,
Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 3
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1367-4803
J9 BIOINFORMATICS
JI Bioinformatics
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 3
BP 437
EP 438
DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq676
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical &
Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics
GA 716RN
UT WOS:000286991300026
PM 21258060
ER
PT J
AU Renzas, JR
Huang, WY
Zhang, YW
Grass, ME
Somorjai, GA
AF Renzas, James Russell
Huang, Wenyu
Zhang, Yawen
Grass, Michael E.
Somorjai, Gabor A.
TI Rh1-xPdx Nanoparticle Composition Dependence in CO Oxidation by NO
SO CATALYSIS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanoparticle; Bimetallic; Catalysis; Composition dependence; CO
Oxidation; NO
ID BIMETALLIC PD-RH/SIO2 CATALYSTS; REDUCTION REACTION; RHODIUM SURFACES;
CO+NO REACTION; STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; PD/AL2O3 CATALYST;
SINGLE-CRYSTAL; RH-PD; PALLADIUM; KINETICS
AB Bimetallic 15 nm Pd-core Rh-shell Rh1-xPdx nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized and studied in CO oxidation by NO. The catalysts exhibited composition-dependent activity enhancement (synergy) in CO oxidation in high NO pressures. The observed synergetic effect is attributed to the favorable adsorption of CO on Pd in NO-rich conditions. The Pd-rich bimetallic catalysts deactivated after many hours of oxidation of CO by NO. After catalyst deactivation, product formation was proportional to the Rh molar fraction within the bimetallic nanoparticles. The deactivated catalysts were regenerated by heating the sample in UHV. This regeneration suggests that the deactivation was caused by the adsorption of nitrogen atoms on Pd sites.
C1 [Renzas, James Russell; Huang, Wenyu; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Renzas, James Russell; Huang, Wenyu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhang, Yawen; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhang, Yawen] Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yawen] Peking Univ, PKU HKU Joint Lab Rare Earth Mat & Bioinorgan Che, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Grass, Michael E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Grass, Michael E.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Ansan 426791, South Korea.
RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM somorjai@berkeley.edu
RI Huang, Wenyu/L-3784-2014
OI Huang, Wenyu/0000-0003-2327-7259
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Peking University Education
Foundation of China
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Y.W.Z. gratefully acknowledges the financial aid
of Huaxin Distinguished Scholar Award from Peking University Education
Foundation of China.
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1011-372X
J9 CATAL LETT
JI Catal. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 2
BP 235
EP 241
DI 10.1007/s10562-010-0462-5
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 723KX
UT WOS:000287506500003
ER
PT J
AU Leman, SW
Cabrera, B
McCarthy, KA
Pyle, M
Resch, R
Sadoulet, B
Sundqvist, KM
Brink, PL
Silva, EDE
Figueroa-Feliciano, E
Mirabolfathi, N
Serfass, B
Tomada, A
AF Leman, S. W.
Cabrera, B.
McCarthy, K. A.
Pyle, M.
Resch, R.
Sadoulet, B.
Sundqvist, K. M.
Brink, P. L.
Silva, E. Do Couto E.
Figueroa-Feliciano, E.
Mirabolfathi, N.
Serfass, B.
Tomada, A.
TI Phonon Quasidiffusion in Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Large Germanium
Detectors
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTORS; ANISOTROPY; TRANSPORT
AB We present results on quasidiffusion studies in large, 3 inch diameter, 1 inch thick [100] high purity germanium crystals, cooled to 50 mK in the vacuum of a dilution refrigerator, and exposed with 59.5 keV gamma-rays from an Am-241 calibration source. We compare data obtained in two different detector types, with different phonon sensor area coverage, with results from a Monte Carlo. The Monte Carlo includes phonon quasidiffusion and the generation of phonons created by charge carriers as they are drifted across the detector by ionization readout channels.
C1 [Leman, S. W.; McCarthy, K. A.; Figueroa-Feliciano, E.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Cabrera, B.; Pyle, M.; Brink, P. L.; Tomada, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Resch, R.; Silva, E. Do Couto E.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94309 USA.
[Sadoulet, B.; Sundqvist, K. M.; Mirabolfathi, N.; Serfass, B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Leman, SW (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM swleman@mit.edu
RI Pyle, Matt/E-7348-2015
OI Pyle, Matt/0000-0002-3490-6754
FU Department of Energy [DE- FG02-04ER41295, DE- FG02-07ER41480]; National
Science Foundation [PHY-0542066, PHY-0503729, PHY-0503629, PHY-0504224,
PHY-0705078, PHY-0801712]
FX This research was funded in part by the Department of Energy (Grant Nos.
DE- FG02-04ER41295 and DE- FG02-07ER41480) and by the National Science
Foundation (Grant Nos. PHY-0542066, PHY-0503729, PHY-0503629,
PHY-0504224, PHY-0705078, PHY-0801712)
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA
PI TAIPEI
PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 0577-9073
J9 CHINESE J PHYS
JI Chin. J. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 1
SI SI
BP 349
EP 358
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 710DC
UT WOS:000286490100043
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XA
Feldman, JL
Cahill, DG
Yang, HS
Crandall, RS
Bernstein, N
Photiadis, DM
Mehl, MJ
Papaconstantopoulos, DA
AF Liu, Xiao
Feldman, J. L.
Cahill, D. G.
Yang, Ho-Soon
Crandall, R. S.
Bernstein, N.
Photiadis, D. M.
Mehl, M. J.
Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.
TI Anomalously High Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous Silicon Films
Prepared by Hot-wire Chemical Vapor Deposition
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-ENERGY EXCITATIONS; THIN-FILMS; ACOUSTIC ATTENUATION; NOBLE-METALS;
GLASSES; SOLIDS; SI; TRANSITION; CRYSTALS; MODEL
AB We report anomalously high thermal conductivities of amorphous Si (a-Si) films prepared by hot-wire chemical-vapor deposition (HWCVD) at the National Renewable Energy laboratory (NREL), that is a factor of 4 similar to 6 higher than predicted by the model of minimum thermal conductivity. The temperature dependent thermal conductivities are measured with the time-domain thermoreflectance method on two thin films and with the 3 omega method on a thick film. For all these films, the thermal conductivity shows a strong phonon mean free path dependence that has So far only been found in crystalline semiconductor alloys. Similar HWCVD a-Si films prepared at the U. Illinois do not show an enhanced thermal conductivity even though the Raman spectra of the NREL and the U. Illinois samples are essentially identical. We also applied a Kubo based theory using a tight-binding method on three 1000 atom continuous random network models. The theory gives higher thermal conductivity for more ordered models, but not high enough to explain our results, even after extrapolating to lower frequencies with a Boltzmann approach. Our results show that the thermal conductivity of a-Si depends strongly on the details of their microstructure that are not revealed by vibrational spectroscopy.
C1 [Liu, Xiao; Feldman, J. L.; Bernstein, N.; Photiadis, D. M.; Mehl, M. J.; Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Feldman, J. L.; Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Cahill, D. G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Cahill, D. G.] Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Yang, Ho-Soon] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea.
[Crandall, R. S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Liu, XA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM xiao.liu@nrl.navy.mil
RI Cahill, David/B-3495-2014; Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEFG02-91-ER45439]; office of Naval Research
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant No.
DEFG02-91-ER45439 and the office of Naval Research.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA
PI TAIPEI
PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 0577-9073
J9 CHINESE J PHYS
JI Chin. J. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 1
SI SI
BP 359
EP 368
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 710DC
UT WOS:000286490100044
ER
PT J
AU Keppens, V
Laermans, C
Sales, BC
Boatner, LA
AF Keppens, V.
Laermans, C.
Sales, B. C.
Boatner, L. A.
TI Low temperature ultrasonic attenuation in phosphate glasses
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES
AB Ultrasonic attenuation measurements on phosphate glasses with different chain lengths, lead metaphosphate and lead-indium phosphate, have been carried out at low temperatures (0.3-10 K) and high frequencies (100-160 MHz). The materials investigated are lead metaphosphate (average chain length > 15) and lead indium phosphate (average chain length = 3). Both materials have the typical glasslike behavior, explained by the presence of tunneling states (TS). A detailed analysis reveals that the density of states of these TS is significantly lower in the lead metaphosphate glass compared to the lead indium glass. This difference can be related to the difference in length of the phosphate tetrahedra chains.
C1 [Keppens, V.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Laermans, C.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Phys & Astron, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Sales, B. C.; Boatner, L. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Keppens, V (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM c.laermans@fys.kuleuven.be
RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013
OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594
FU F. W. O. Vlaanderen; Department of Energy BES Division of Materials
Science and Engineering
FX It's a pleasure tot thank D. Mandrus for valuable discussions and J.
Kolopus for assistance with the sample preparation. Work at K. U. Leuven
is sponsored by the F. W. O. Vlaanderen. Work at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy BES Division of
Materials Science and Engineering.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA
PI TAIPEI
PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 0577-9073
J9 CHINESE J PHYS
JI Chin. J. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 1
SI SI
BP 369
EP 374
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 710DC
UT WOS:000286490100045
ER
PT J
AU Ferguson, IM
Duffy, PB
Phillips, TJ
Liang, X
Dracup, JA
Schubert, S
Pegion, P
AF Ferguson, Ian M.
Duffy, Philip B.
Phillips, Thomas J.
Liang, Xu
Dracup, John A.
Schubert, Siegfried
Pegion, Philip
TI Non-stationarity of the signal and noise characteristics of seasonal
precipitation anomalies
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; POTENTIAL PREDICTABILITY; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; CLIMATE PREDICTABILITY; ENSO TELECONNECTIONS; NATURAL
VARIABILITY; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; SIMULATION SKILLS; GCM SIMULATIONS;
ENSEMBLE
AB In order to improve seasonal-to-interannual precipitation forecasts and their application by decision makers, there is a clear need to understand when, where, and to what extent seasonal precipitation anomalies are driven by potentially predictable surface-atmosphere interactions versus to chaotic interannual atmospheric dynamics. Using a simple Monte Carlo approach, interannual variability and linear trends in the SST-forced signal and potential predictability of boreal winter precipitation anomalies is examined in an ensemble of twentieth century AGCM simulations. Signal and potential predictability are shown to be non-stationary over more than 80% of the globe, while chaotic noise is shown to be stationary over most of the globe. Correlation analysis with respect to magnitudes of the four leading modes of global SST variability suggests that interannual variability and trends in signal and potential predictability over 35% of the globe is associated with ENSO-related SST variability; signal and potential predictability are not significantly associated with SST modes characterized by a global SST trend, North Atlantic SST variability, and North Pacific SST variability, respectively. Results suggest that mechanisms other than SST variability contribute to the non-stationarity of signal and noise characteristics of hydroclimatic variability over mid- and high-latitude regions.
C1 [Ferguson, Ian M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Duffy, Philip B.] Climate Cent Inc, Palo Alto, CA USA.
[Phillips, Thomas J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diagnost & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA USA.
[Liang, Xu] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Dracup, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Schubert, Siegfried] NASA, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Pegion, Philip] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ferguson, IM (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM imfergus@mines.edu; pduffy@climatecentral.org; phillips14@llnl.gov;
xuliang@engr.pitt.edu; dracup@ce.berkeley.edu;
siegfried.d.schubert@nasa.gov; Phillip.Pegion@noaa.gov
RI Pegion, Philip/E-5247-2012
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3-4
BP 739
EP 752
DI 10.1007/s00382-010-0850-y
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 716AL
UT WOS:000286937100024
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SY
Chen, TC
Correia, J
AF Wang, Shih-Yu
Chen, Tsing-Chang
Correia, James, Jr.
TI Climatology of summer midtropospheric perturbations in the U.S. northern
plains. Part I: influence on northwest flow severe weather outbreaks
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Midtroposphere; Wave; Progressive MCS; Severe weather outbreak; Low
level jet
ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX; WARM-SEASON PRECIPITATION; MIDLATITUDE
SQUALL LINE; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; SYNOPTIC
CLIMATOLOGY; MULTISCALE ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS; EVOLUTION; RAINFALL
AB Northwest flow severe weather outbreaks (NWF outbreaks) describe a type of summer convective storm that occurs in areas of mid-level NWF in the central United States. Convective storms associated with NWF outbreaks often travel a long distance systematically along a northwest-southeast oriented track across the northern plains. Previous studies have observed that these migrating convective storms are frequently coupled with subsynoptic-scale midtropospheric perturbations (MPs) initiated over the Rocky Mountains. This study traces MPs for the decade of 1997-2006 using the North American Regional Reanalysis to examine their climatology and possible influence on NWF outbreaks. MPs are characterized by a well organized divergent circulation with persistent ascending motion at the leading edge promoting convection. The divergent circulation is further enhanced by low-level convergence along the northern terminus of the Great Plains low-level jet. The downstream propagation of MPs assists in forming the progressive feature of the associated convective storms. MPs have a maximum frequency in July, consistent with NWF outbreaks. In July and August, the fully developed North American anticyclone produces prevailing NWF over the northern plains, where up to 60% of rainfall and storm reports are linked to MPs. The movement, timing and rainfall distribution of MPs remarkably resemble those of NWF outbreaks. When encountering strong low-level jets, ascending motion and convergence of water vapor flux associated with MPs intensify considerably and precipitation is greatly enhanced. It is likely that NWF outbreaks are generated whenever MPs occur in association with strong low-level jets.
C1 [Wang, Shih-Yu; Chen, Tsing-Chang] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA USA.
[Correia, James, Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, SY (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM simon.wang@usu.edu
RI Correia, Jr, James/A-9455-2010; Wang, S.-Y. Simon/G-2566-2010
OI Correia, Jr, James/0000-0003-1092-8999;
FU Iowa State University [497-41-39-15-3803]; PNNL; U.S. DOE's Office of
Science Biological and Environmental Research; China Ministry of Science
and Technology on climate research
FX Editorial assistance offered by Marty Booth and Adam Clark are highly
appreciated. This research was conducted under the support of the Iowa
State University Baker Endowment Fund 497-41-39-15-3803. The effort of
J. Correia is partly sponsored by the PNNL and the U.S. DOE's Office of
Science Biological and Environmental Research under a bilateral
agreement with the China Ministry of Science and Technology on climate
research.
NR 57
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3-4
BP 793
EP 810
DI 10.1007/s00382-009-0696-3
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 716AL
UT WOS:000286937100028
ER
PT J
AU Kolesnikov, RA
Wang, WX
Hinton, FL
AF Kolesnikov, R. A.
Wang, W. X.
Hinton, F. L.
TI Improved Unlike-Particle Collision Operator for delta-f Drift-Kinetic
Particle Simulations
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Drift-kinetics; magnetized plasmas
ID NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT; PLASMAS
AB Plasmas in modern tokamak experiments contain a significant fraction of impurity ion species in addition to main deuterium background. A new unlike-particle collision operator for delta f particle simulation has been developed to study the non-local effects of impurities due to finite ion orbits on neoclassical transport in toroidal plasmas. A new algorithm for simulation of cross-collisions between different ion species includes test-particle and conserving field-particle operators. An improved field-particle operator is designed to exactly enforce conservation of number, momentum and energy.
C1 [Kolesnikov, R. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Wang, W. X.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Hinton, F. L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Kolesnikov, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM rkolesni@lanl.gov; wwang@pppl.gov; fhinton@ucsd.edu
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported by U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS
PI WANCHAI
PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000,
PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1815-2406
J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS
JI Commun. Comput. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 2
BP 231
EP 239
DI 10.4208/cicp.090410.260410a
PG 9
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 724DU
UT WOS:000287557100001
ER
PT J
AU Toulson, E
Allen, CM
Miller, DJ
McFarlane, J
Schock, HJ
Lee, T
AF Toulson, Elisa
Allen, Casey M.
Miller, Dennis J.
McFarlane, Joanna
Schock, Harold J.
Lee, Tonghun
TI Modeling the Autoignition of Fuel Blends with a Multistep Model
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling
CY JUN 13-17, 2010
CL Jersey City, NJ
SP Exxon Mobil, Baker Hughes, Nalco, Shell, Clariant GmbH, Conoco Phillips, IFP
ID METHYL BUTANOATE; BIODIESEL FUELS; RECENT TRENDS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL;
OXYGENATED FUELS; AUTO-IGNITION; DIESEL FUEL; COMBUSTION; OXIDATION;
ESTERS
AB There is growing interest in using biodiesel in place of or in blends with petrodiesel in diesel engines; however, biodiesel oxidation chemistry is complicated to directly model and existing surrogate kinetic models are very large, making them computationally expensive. The present study describes a method for predicting the ignition behavior of blends of n-heptane and methyl butanoate, fuels whose blends have been used in the past as a surrogate for biodiesel. The autoignition is predicted using a multistep (8-step) model in order to reduce computational time and make this a viable tool for implementation into engine simulation codes. A detailed reaction mechanism for n-heptane-methyl butanoate blends was used as a basis for validating the multistep model results. The ignition delay trends predicted by the multistep model for the n-heptane-methyl butanoate blends matched well with that of the detailed CHEMKIN model for the majority of conditions tested.
C1 [Toulson, Elisa; Allen, Casey M.; Schock, Harold J.; Lee, Tonghun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Miller, Dennis J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[McFarlane, Joanna] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lee, T (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM tonghun@msu.edu
RI Lee, Tonghun/A-5263-2014; McFarlane, Joanna/C-5998-2016
OI McFarlane, Joanna/0000-0002-4112-5104
NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
BP 632
EP 639
DI 10.1021/ef101238d
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 721IE
UT WOS:000287346000024
ER
PT J
AU Ai, WG
Kuhlman, JM
AF Ai, Weiguo
Kuhlman, John M.
TI Simulation of Coal Ash Particle Deposition Experiments
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling
CY JUN 13-17, 2010
CL Jersey City, NJ
SP Exxon Mobil, Baker Hughes, Nalco, Shell, Clariant GmbH, ConocoPhillips, IFP
ID THERMOPHORETIC DEPOSITION; VISCOSITY; ADHESION; SURFACE
AB Existing experimental ash particle deposition measurements from the literature have been simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) discrete phase model (DPM) Lagrangian particle tracking method and an existing ash particle deposition model based on the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory, in the Fluent commercial CFD code. The experimental heating tube was developed to simulate ash temperature histories in a gasifier; ash-heating temperatures ranged from 1873 to 1573 K, spanning the ash-melting temperature. The present simulations used the realizable k-epsilon turbulence model to compute the gas flow field and the heat transfer to a cooled steel particle impact probe and DPM particle tracking for the particle trajectories and temperatures. A user-defined function (UDF) was developed to describe particle sticking/rebounding and particle detachment on the impinged wall surface. Expressions for the ash particle Young's modulus in the model, E, versus the particle temperature and diameter were developed by fitting to the E values that were required to match the experimental ash sticking efficiencies from several particle size cuts and ash-heating temperatures for a Japanese bituminous coal. A UDF that implemented the developed stiffness parameter equations was then used to predict the particle sticking efficiency, impact efficiency, and capture efficiency for the entire ash-heating temperature range. Frequency histogram comparisons of adhesion and rebound behavior by particle size between model and experiments showed good agreement for each of the four ash-heating temperatures. However, to apply the present particle deposition model to other coals, a similar validation process would be necessary to develop the effective Young's modulus versus the particle diameter and temperature correlation for each new coal.
C1 [Ai, Weiguo; Kuhlman, John M.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Ai, Weiguo; Kuhlman, John M.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Kuhlman, JM (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM john.kuhlman@mail.wvu.edu
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
BP 708
EP 718
DI 10.1021/ef101294f
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 721IE
UT WOS:000287346000033
ER
PT J
AU Plymale, AE
Fredrickson, JK
Zachara, JM
Dohnalkova, AC
Heald, SM
Moore, DA
Kennedy, DW
Marshall, MJ
Wang, CM
Resch, CT
Nachimuthu, P
AF Plymale, Andrew E.
Fredrickson, James K.
Zachara, John M.
Dohnalkova, Alice C.
Heald, Steve M.
Moore, Dean A.
Kennedy, David W.
Marshall, Matthew J.
Wang, Chongmin
Resch, Charles T.
Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
TI Competitive Reduction of Pertechnetate ((TcO4-)-Tc-99) by Dissimilatory
Metal Reducing Bacteria and Biogenic Fe(II)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIUM; MINERALIZATION
PATHWAYS; TECHNETIUM REDUCTION; IRON REDUCTION; ELECTRON-DONOR; GREEN
RUST; SEDIMENTS; TC(VII); FERRIHYDRITE
AB The fate of pertechnetate (Tc-99(VII)O-4(-)) during bioreduction was investigated in the presence of 2-line ferrihydrite (Fh) and various dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) (Geobacter, Anaeromyxobacter, Shewanella) in comparison with TcO4- bioreduction in the absence of Fh. In the presence of Fh, Tc was present primarily as a fine-grained Tc(IV)/Fe precipitate that was distinct from the Tc(IV)O-2 center dot nH(2)O solids produced by direct biological Tc(VII) reduction. Aqueous Tc concentrations (<0.2 mu m) in the bioreduced Fh suspensions (1.7 to 3.2 x 10(-9) mol L-1 were over 1 order of magnitude lower than when TcO4- was biologically reduced in the absence of Fh (4.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-7) mol L-1). EXAFS analyses of the bioreduced Fh-Tc products were consistent with variable chain length Tc-O octahedra bonded to Fe-O octahedra associated with the surface of the residual or secondary Fe(III) oxide. In contrast, biogenic TcO2 center dot nH(2)O had significantly more Tc-Tc second neighbors and a distinct long-range order consistent with small particle polymers of TcO2. In Fe-rich subsurface sediments, the reduction of Tc(VII) by Fe(II) may predominate over direct microbial pathways, potentially leading to lower concentrations of aqueous Tc-99(IV).
C1 [Plymale, Andrew E.; Fredrickson, James K.; Zachara, John M.; Dohnalkova, Alice C.; Moore, Dean A.; Kennedy, David W.; Marshall, Matthew J.; Wang, Chongmin; Resch, Charles T.; Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Heald, Steve M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Fredrickson, JK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov
OI Kennedy, David/0000-0003-0763-501X; Marshall, Matthew
J/0000-0002-2402-8003
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE); OBER; DOE's Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank Oleg Geydebrekht for assistance with culturing A. dehalogenans,
Eric Roden for advice on culturing G. sulfurreducens; Yuanxian Xia,
Nancy Hess, and Ken Krupka for helpful discussions of Tc chemistry;
Yuanxian Xia for preparing XAS standards; Tetyana Peretyazhko and
Carolyn Pearce for discussing our results and reviewing the manuscript;
and Gailann Thomas-Black and Sonia Enloe for assistance with manuscript
preparation. This research was supported by the Subsurface
Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR), Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (OBER), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and is a
contribution of the PNNL Scientific Focus Area. Transmission electron
microscopy and micro-XRD measurements were performed in the William R.
Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific
user facility sponsored by OBER and located at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle.
Use of the Advanced Photon Source for XANES and EXAFS measurements was
supported by the DOE's Office of Science under contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 43
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 47
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 3
BP 951
EP 957
DI 10.1021/es1027647
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 711HG
UT WOS:000286577100018
PM 21210705
ER
PT J
AU Rau, GH
AF Rau, Greg H.
TI CO2 Mitigation via Capture and Chemical Conversion in Seawater
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCIUM-CARBONATE; OCEAN; DISSOLUTION; DIOXIDE; ACIDIFICATION;
TECHNOLOGIES; BICARBONATE
AB A lab-scale seawater/mineral carbonate gas scrubber was found to remove up to 97% of CO2 in a simulated flue gas stream at ambient temperature and pressure, with a large fraction of this carbon ultimately converted to dissolved calcium bicarbonate. After full equilibration with air, up to 85% of the captured carbon was retained in solution, that is, it did not degas or precipitate. Thus, above-ground CO2 hydration and mineral carbonate scrubbing may provide a relatively simple point-source CO2 capture and storage scheme at coastal locations. Such low-tech CO2 mitigation could be especially relevant for retrofitting to existing power plants and for deployment in the developing world, the primary source of future CO2 emissions. Addition of the resulting alkaline solution to the ocean may benefit marine ecosystems that are currently threatened by acidification, while also allowing the utilization of the vast potential of the sea to safely sequester anthropogenic carbon. This approach in essence hastens Nature's own very effective but slow CO2 mitigation process; carbonate mineral weathering is a major consumer of excess atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidity on geologic times scales.
C1 [Rau, Greg H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Rau, Greg H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Carbon Management Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Rau, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM rau4@llnl.gov
FU California Energy Commission [55043A/06-26]; Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [B558132]
FX I thank M. McKibben, H. O'Brien, R. Franks, B. Tanner, B. Steele, and R.
Skrovan (all of UCSC) for their assistance with the experimental and
analytical work reported. Supported by Grant 55043A/06-26 from the
Energy Innovations Small Grant Program of the California Energy
Commission, and subcontract B558132 from Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory.
NR 34
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1088
EP 1092
DI 10.1021/es102671x
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 711HG
UT WOS:000286577100038
PM 21189009
ER
PT J
AU Prokes, K
Gukasov, A
Argyriou, DN
Bud'ko, SL
Canfield, PC
Kreyssig, A
Goldman, AI
AF Prokes, K.
Gukasov, A.
Argyriou, D. N.
Bud'ko, S. L.
Canfield, P. C.
Kreyssig, A.
Goldman, A. I.
TI Magnetization distribution in the tetragonal Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2,
x=0.066 probed by polarized neutron diffraction
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AB Polarized neutron diffraction has been performed on a tetragonal Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2, x=0.066 single crystal under an applied magnetic field of 6 T directed along the [(1) over bar 10] direction to determine the magnetic structure factors of various Bragg reflections. The maximum entropy reconstruction based on bulk magnetization measurements and polarized neutron diffraction data reveal a small induced magnetic moment residing on the 4d Wyckoff site that is occupied by Fe/Co atoms. No significant magnetization density has been found on the Ba and As atomic positions. The small polarizability of Fe/Co sites leads to flipping ratios very close to 1.00. Our data suggest a non-zero orbital contribution to the Fe/Co magnetic form factor in good agreement with recent theoretical and experimental studies. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011
C1 [Prokes, K.; Argyriou, D. N.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energy, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Gukasov, A.] CEA Saclay, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.; Kreyssig, A.; Goldman, A. I.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.; Kreyssig, A.; Goldman, A. I.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Prokes, K (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energy, Hahn Meitner Pl 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
EM prokes@helmholtz-berlin.de
RI Prokes, Karel/J-5438-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014
OI Prokes, Karel/0000-0002-7034-1738;
FU European Commission [226507 (NMI3)]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
[SPP 1458, AR 613/1-2]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Iowa
State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX This research project has been supported by the European Commission
under the 7th Framework Programme through the Key Action: Strengthening
the European Research Area, Research Infrastructures. Contract nr.:
226507 (NMI3). KP and DNA acknowledge the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft for support under the priority program SPP 1458
and contract AR 613/1-2. Research at Ames Laboratory was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Ames Laboratory is operated for
the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 93
IS 3
AR 32001
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/93/32001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 723PF
UT WOS:000287518600007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, WJ
DeMar, P
Crawford, M
AF Wu, Wenji
DeMar, Phil
Crawford, Matt
TI Why Can Some Advanced Ethernet NICs Cause Packet Reordering?
SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Packet reordering; NIC; TCP; flow director
AB The Intel Ethernet Flow Director is an advanced network interface card (NIC) technology. It provides the benefits of parallel receive processing in multiprocessing environments and can automatically steer incoming network data to the same core on which its application process resides. However, our analysis and experiments show that Flow Director can cause packet reordering in multiprocessing environments. In this paper, we use a simplified model to analyze why Flow Director can cause packet reordering. Our experiments verify our analysis.
C1 [Wu, Wenji; DeMar, Phil; Crawford, Matt] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Wu, WJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM wenji@fnal.gov; demar@fnal.gov; crawdad@fnal.gov
NR 5
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1089-7798
J9 IEEE COMMUN LETT
JI IEEE Commun. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 2
BP 253
EP 255
DI 10.1109/LCOMM.2011.122010.102022
PG 3
WC Telecommunications
SC Telecommunications
GA 720YT
UT WOS:000287319300037
ER
PT J
AU Candy, JV
Chambers, DH
Breitfeller, EF
Guidry, BL
Verbeke, JM
Axelrod, MA
Sale, KE
Meyer, AM
AF Candy, J. V.
Chambers, D. H.
Breitfeller, E. F.
Guidry, B. L.
Verbeke, J. M.
Axelrod, M. A.
Sale, K. E.
Meyer, A. M.
TI Threat Detection of Radioactive Contraband Incorporating Compton
Scattering Physics: A Model-Based Processing Approach
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Compton scattering; model-based processor; particle filter;
photoelectric absorption; physics-based approach; sequential Bayesian
processor; sequential Monte Carlo; sequential radionuclide detection
ID SPECIAL-ISSUE; DECONVOLUTION; FILTERS
AB The detection of radioactive contraband is a critical problem in maintaining national security for any country. Gamma-ray emissions from threat materials challenge both detection and measurement technologies significantly. The development of a sequential, model-based Bayesian processor that captures both the underlying transport physics of gamma-ray emissions including Compton scattering and the measurement of photon energies offers a physics-based approach to attack this challenging problem. The inclusion of a basic radionuclide representation of absorbed/scattered photons at a given energy along with inter-arrival times is used to extract the physics information available from noisy measurements. It is shown that this representation leads to an "extended" physics-based structure that can be used to develop an effective sequential detection technique. The resulting model-based processor is applied to data obtained from a controlled experiment in order to assess its feasibility.
C1 [Candy, J. V.; Chambers, D. H.; Breitfeller, E. F.; Guidry, B. L.; Verbeke, J. M.; Axelrod, M. A.; Sale, K. E.; Meyer, A. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Candy, JV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM candy1@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy
by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 1
BP 214
EP 230
DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2090361
PN 2
PG 17
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 717YW
UT WOS:000287086200010
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, LW
Smith, LE
Misner, AC
AF Campbell, Luke W.
Smith, L. Eric
Misner, Alex C.
TI High-Energy Delayed Gamma Spectroscopy for Spent Nuclear Fuel Assay
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-ray spectroscopy; nondestructive assay; nuclear fuel cycle
safeguards; nuclear fuels
ID PHOTON INTERROGATION; FISSILE MATERIALS; NEUTRON; IDENTIFICATION; RAYS
AB High-accuracy, direct, nondestructive measurement of fissile and fissionable isotopes in spent fuel, particularly the Pu isotopes, is a well-documented, but still unmet challenge in international safeguards. As nuclear fuel cycles propagate around the globe, the need for improved materials accountancy techniques for irradiated light-water reactor fuel will increase. This modeling study investigates the use of delayed gamma rays from fission-product nuclei to directly measure the relative concentrations of (235)U, (239)Pu, and (241)Pu in spent fuel assemblies. The method is based on the unique distribution of fission-product nuclei produced from fission in each of these fissile isotopes. Fission is stimulated in the assembly with a pulse-capable source of interrogating neutrons. The measured distributions of the short-lived fission products from the unknown sample are then fit with a linear combination of the known fission-product yield curves from pure (235)U, (239)Pu, and (241)Pu to determine the original proportions of these fissile isotopes. Modeling approaches for the intense gamma-ray background promulgated by the long-lived fission-product inventory and for the high-energy gamma-ray signatures emitted by short-lived fission products from induced fission are described. Benchmarking measurements are presented and compare favorably with the results of these models. Results for the simulated assay of simplified individual fuel rods ranging from fresh to 60-GWd/MTU burnup demonstrate the utility of the modeling methods for viability studies, although additional work is needed to more realistically assess the potential of High-Energy Delayed Gamma Spectroscopy (HEDGS).
C1 [Campbell, Luke W.; Smith, L. Eric; Misner, Alex C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Campbell, LW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM luke.campbell@pnl.gov
FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Sustainable Nuclear Power
Initiative
FX This work was supported by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Sustainable Nuclear Power Initiative.
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 1
BP 231
EP 240
DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2095039
PN 2
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 717YW
UT WOS:000287086200011
ER
PT J
AU Witkowska-Baran, M
Mycielski, A
Kochanowska, D
Szadkowski, AJ
Jakiela, R
Witkowska, B
Kaliszek, W
Domagala, J
Lusakowska, E
Domukhovski, V
Dybko, K
Cui, Y
James, RB
AF Witkowska-Baran, M.
Mycielski, A.
Kochanowska, D.
Szadkowski, A. J.
Jakiela, R.
Witkowska, B.
Kaliszek, W.
Domagala, J.
Lusakowska, E.
Domukhovski, V.
Dybko, K.
Cui, Y.
James, R. B.
TI Contacts for High-Resistivity (Cd,Mn)Te Crystals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Amorphous materials; contact resistance; gamma ray detectors; ohmic
contacts; X-ray detectors
ID CADMIUM ZINC TELLURIDE; CDZNTE DETECTORS; SURFACES; CDTE; RAY
AB Semi-insulating (Cd,Mn)Te crystals offer a material that may compete well with the commonly used (Cd,Zn)Te crystals for manufacturing large-area X-and gamma-ray detectors [1]. The Bridgman growth method yields good quality, high-resistivity (10(9) - 10(10) Omega . cm) crystals of (Cd, Mn) Te: V. Doping the as-grown crystals with the compensating agent vanadium (approximate to 10(16) cm(-3)) ensures their high resistivity; thereafter, annealing them in cadmium vapors reduces the number of cadmium vacancies. Applying the crystals as detectors necessitates having satisfactory electrical contacts. Accordingly, we explored various techniques of ensuring good electrical contacts to these semi-insulating (Cd, Mn) Te crystals, assessing metallic layers, monocrystalline semiconductor layers, and amorphous (or nanocrystalline) semiconductor layers. We found that ZnTe heavily doped (approximate to 10(18) cm(-3)) with Sb, and CdTe heavily doped (approximate to 10(17) cm(-3)) with In, proved satisfactory semiconductor contact layers. They subsequently enabled us to establish good contacts (with only narrow tunneling barriers) to the Au layer that usually constitutes the most external contact layer. We outline our technology of applying electrical contacts to semi-insulating (Cd, Mn) Te, and describe some important properties.
C1 [Witkowska-Baran, M.; Mycielski, A.; Kochanowska, D.; Szadkowski, A. J.; Jakiela, R.; Witkowska, B.; Kaliszek, W.; Domagala, J.; Lusakowska, E.; Domukhovski, V.; Dybko, K.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
[Cui, Y.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Witkowska-Baran, M (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
EM mwitkow@ifpan.edu.pl
RI Dybko, Krzysztof/K-9400-2016; Domagala, Jaroslaw/P-1811-2016;
Kochanowska, Dominika/P-8978-2016; Jakiela, Rafal/A-2206-2015
OI Dybko, Krzysztof/0000-0002-6795-1252; Domagala,
Jaroslaw/0000-0001-5515-9877; Jakiela, Rafal/0000-0002-4984-1519
FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [3 T08A 046 30, 4703B
T02 2009 37]; European Union [POIG.01.01.02-00-008/08]
FX The work was supported in part by the Polish Ministry of Science and
Higher Education through Grant 3 T08A 046 30, through Grant 4703B T02
2009 37, and by the European Union within the European Regional
Development Fund-POIG.01.01.02-00-008/08.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 11
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 1
BP 347
EP 353
DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2100827
PN 2
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 717YW
UT WOS:000287086200023
ER
PT J
AU Hedman, KW
O'Neill, RP
Fisher, EB
Oren, SS
AF Hedman, Kory W.
O'Neill, Richard P.
Fisher, Emily Bartholomew
Oren, Shmuel S.
TI Smart Flexible Just-in-Time Transmission and Flowgate Bidding
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Integer programming; power generation dispatch; power system economics;
power transmission control; power transmission economics
ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE OPERATION; POWER-SYSTEM; CORRECTIVE CONTROL;
TENSILE-STRENGTH; CONDUCTORS
AB There is currently a national push to create a smarter grid. Currently, the full control of transmission assets is not built in network optimization models. With more sophisticated modeling of transmission assets, it is possible to better utilize the current infrastructure to improve the social welfare. Co-optimizing the generation with the network topology has been shown to reduce the total dispatch cost. In this paper, we propose the concept of just-in-time transmission. This concept is predicated on the fact that transmission that is a detriment to network efficiency can be kept offline when not needed and, with the proper smart grid/advanced technology, can be switched back into service once there is a disturbance. We determine which lines to have offline based on the optimal transmission switching model previously proposed. A secondary topic of this paper focuses on flowgate bidding. Approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and implemented within the SPP and NYISO networks, flowgate bidding is defined as allowing a line's flow to exceed its rated capacity for a short period of time for a set penalty, i.e., price. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these models by testing them on large-scale ISO network models.
C1 [Hedman, Kory W.; Oren, Shmuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Ind Engn & Operat Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[O'Neill, Richard P.] FERC, Washington, DC 20426 USA.
[Fisher, Emily Bartholomew] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
RP Hedman, KW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Ind Engn & Operat Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM kwh@ieor.berkeley.edu; richard.oneill@ferc.gov; esfisher@lbl.gov;
oren@ieor.berkeley.edu
NR 25
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 1
BP 93
EP 102
DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2047660
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 710MO
UT WOS:000286516100011
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, CW
Hansen, LD
Nicholson, AD
Chilton, MC
Thomas, N
Clark, J
Hansen, JC
AF Hansen, Clifford W.
Hansen, Lee D.
Nicholson, Allen D.
Chilton, Marie C.
Thomas, Nathan
Clark, Jared
Hansen, Jaron C.
TI Correction for Instrument Time Constant and Baseline in Determination of
Reaction Kinetics
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-CONDUCTION MICROCALORIMETRY; PARAMETERS; THERMODYNAMICS;
HYDROLYSIS; SUCROSE
AB Rates of reactions can be expressed as dn/dt = kf(n), where n is moles of reaction, k is a rate constant, and f(n) is a function of the properties of the sample. Instrumental measurement of rates requires c(dn/dt) = ckf(n), where c is the proportionality constant between the measured variable and the rate of reaction. When the product of instrument time constant, tau, and k is << 1, the reaction is much slower than the time response of the instrument and measured rates are unaffected by instrument response. When tau k < 1, = 1, or >1, the reaction rate and instrument response rate are sufficiently comparable that measured rates are significantly affected by instrument response and correction for instrument response must be done to obtain accurate reaction kinetics. This paper describes a method for simultaneous determination of tau, k, c, and instrument baseline by fitting equations describing the combined instrument response and rate law to rates observed as a function of time. When tau cannot be neglected, correction for instrument response has previously been done by truncating early data or by use of the Tian equation. Both methods can lead to significant errors that increase as tau k increases. Inclusion of instrument baseline as a fitting parameter significantly reduced variability in k and c compared with use of measured instrument baselines. The method was tested with data on the heat rate from acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose collected with three types of calorimeters. In addition, to demonstrate the generality of this method of data analysis, equations including tau, k, c, and instrument baseline are derived for the relation between the reaction rate and the observed rate for first order, second order (first in each reactant), nth order in one reactant, autocatalytic, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and the Ng equation. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Intl Chem Kinet 43: 53-61, 2011
C1 [Hansen, Lee D.; Nicholson, Allen D.; Chilton, Marie C.; Thomas, Nathan; Clark, Jared; Hansen, Jaron C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Hansen, Clifford W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hansen, LD (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM lee_hansen@BYU.edu
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0538-8066
J9 INT J CHEM KINET
JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 2
BP 53
EP 61
DI 10.1002/kin.20530
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 705WQ
UT WOS:000286171800001
ER
PT J
AU Dressel, B
Deel, D
Rodosta, T
Plasynski, S
Litynski, J
Myer, L
AF Dressel, Brian
Deel, Dawn
Rodosta, Traci
Plasynski, Sean
Litynski, John
Myer, Larry
TI CCS Activities Being Performed by the US DOE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE NETL; US DOE; sequestration; geologic storage; NATCARB; depositional
environments; site screening; site characterization; best practices
AB The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is the lead federal agency for the development and deployment of carbon sequestration technologies. Its mission includes promoting scientific and technological innovations and transfer of knowledge for safe and permanent storage of CO(2) in the subsurface. To accomplish its mission, DOE is characterizing and classifying potential geologic storage reservoirs in basins throughout the U. S. and Canada, and developing best practices for project developers, to help ensure the safety of future geologic storage projects. DOE's Carbon Sequestration Program, Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (RCSP) Initiative, administered by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), is identifying, characterizing, and testing potential injection formations. The RCSP Initiative consists of collaborations among government, industry, universities, and international organizations. Through this collaborative effort, a series of integrated knowledge-based tools have been developed to help potential sequestration project developers. They are the Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada, National Carbon Sequestration Database and Geographic System (NATCARB), and best practice manuals for CCS including Depositional Reservoir Classification for CO(2); Public Outreach and Education for Carbon Storage Projects; Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO(2) Stored in Deep Geologic Formation; Site Screening, Site Selection, and Initial Characterization of CO(2) Storage in Deep Geologic Formations. DOE's future research will help with refinement of these tools and additional best practice manuals (BPM) which focus on other technical aspects of project development.
C1 [Dressel, Brian; Deel, Dawn; Rodosta, Traci; Plasynski, Sean; Litynski, John] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Myer, Larry] Leonardo Technol Inc, Benicia, CA 94510 USA.
RP Dressel, B (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM Brian.Dressel@NETL.DOE.GOV; Dawn.Deel@NETL.DOE.GOV;
Traci.Rodosta@NETL.DOE.GOV; Sean.Plasynski@NETL.DOE.GOV;
John.Litynski@NETL.DOE.GOV; lrmyer@lti-global.com
FU United States Department of Energy; National Energy Technology
Laboratory
FX The authors thank the United States Department of Energy and the
National Energy Technology Laboratory for their support and permission
to publish this paper. This paper is part of a DOE series of
publications on Carbon Capture and Storage technologies from
anthropogenic sources and is based on DOE's Best Practice Manuals and
field activities conducted by the seven Regional Carbon Sequestration
Partnerships.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 16
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1660-4601
J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE
JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 2
BP 300
EP 320
DI 10.3390/ijerph8020300
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 726OJ
UT WOS:000287733200002
PM 21556188
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XJ
Zhou, YN
Lee, HS
Nam, KW
Yang, XQ
Haas, O
AF Wang, X. J.
Zhou, Y. N.
Lee, H. S.
Nam, K. W.
Yang, X. Q.
Haas, O.
TI Electrochemical investigation of Al-Li/Li (x) FePO4 cells in
oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether/LiPF6
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-Li alloy anode; Oligo(ethylene glycol); Al-Li/FePO4 cells; Specific
energy; Li diffusion in Al
ID LITHIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOYS; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; SECONDARY LITHIUM;
ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CYCLING BEHAVIOR; ELECTRODE; ANODE; PERFORMANCE;
DIFFUSION; BATTERIES
AB 1 M LiPF6 dissolved in oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether with a molecular weight, 500 g mol(-1) (OEGDME500, 1 M LiPF6), was investigated as an electrolyte in experimental Al-Li/LiFePO4 cells. More than 60 cycles were achieved using this electrolyte in a Li-ion cell with an Al-Li alloy as an anode sandwiched between two Li (x) FePO4 electrodes (cathodes). Charging efficiencies of 96-100% and energy efficiencies of 86-89% were maintained during 60 cycles at low current densities. A theoretical investigation revealed that the specific energy can be increased up to 15% if conventional LiC6 anodes are replaced by Al-Li alloy electrodes. The specific energy and the energy density were calculated as a function of the active mass per electrode surface (charge density). The results reveal that for a charge density of 4 mAh cm(-2) about 160 mWh g(-1) can be reached with Al-Li/LiFePO4 batteries. Power limiting diffusion processes are discussed, and the power capability of Al-Li/LiFePO4 cells was experimentally evaluated using conventional electrolytes.
C1 [Wang, X. J.; Zhou, Y. N.; Lee, H. S.; Nam, K. W.; Yang, X. Q.; Haas, O.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Zhou, Y. N.] Fudan Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Haas, O.] Energy & Mat Res Consulting, CH-6648 Minusio, Switzerland.
RP Haas, O (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM otto.haas@bluewin.ch
RI Nam, Kyung-Wan Nam/G-9271-2011; Nam, Kyung-Wan/B-9029-2013; Zhou,
Yong-Ning/I-9579-2014; Nam, Kyung-Wan/E-9063-2015
OI Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369
FU U. S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-98CH10886]; China Scholarship Council
FX This study was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, under
the program of "Hybrid and Electric Systems," of the U. S. Department of
Energy under Contract Number DEAC02-98CH10886. We would also like to
thank the China Scholarship Council for the financial support in favor
of Y. N. Zhou.
NR 28
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Z9 2
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-891X
J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM
JI J. Appl. Electrochem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 2
BP 241
EP 247
DI 10.1007/s10800-010-0231-6
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 706CX
UT WOS:000286195700014
ER
PT J
AU Shulman, J
Xue, YY
Tsui, S
Chen, F
Chu, CW
AF Shulman, J.
Xue, Y. Y.
Tsui, S.
Chen, F.
Chu, C. W.
TI Generation of negative capacitance in a nanocolloid
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOPARTICLES
AB Negative capacitance (NC) is a rather ubiquitous phenomenon that is found in many complex materials ranging from semiconductor devices to biological membranes. The underlying physical processes in this diverse collection differ considerably. However, we previously demonstrated that a relationship exists between NC and the conductivity of the material. Here, we examine and exploit this relationship in an effort to pinpoint the source of NC in a nanocolloid, composed of urea coated nanoparticles in silicone oil, which has previously been shown to exhibit the NC effect. This is accomplished by investigating the influence of several external parameters, such as temperature and moisture content, on the NC and conductance of the colloid as well as solid materials created from the nanoparticles used in the colloid. In addition to NC, the colloid demonstrates the electrorheological (ER) effect. It is shown that large scale particle motions, such as those that generate the ER effect, are not responsible for the NC. The results demonstrate that the nanoparticle surface conductivity is the relevant parameter to the NC in this system, effectively isolating the origin of the NC to nanoparticle surface. Further, this appears to be a rather general feature of NC in dielectric nanosystems. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544469]
C1 [Shulman, J.; Xue, Y. Y.; Chen, F.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Shulman, J.; Xue, Y. Y.; Chen, F.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston Sci Ctr 202, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Tsui, S.] Calif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Phys, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA.
[Chu, C. W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shulman, J (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, 617 Sci & Res Bldg 1, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM jshulman@uh.edu
FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory through Rice University [R15901]; T.
L. L. Temple Foundation; John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment; State of
Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University
of Houston; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX The work in Houston is supported in part by U.S. Air Force Research
Laboratory subcontract R15901 (CONTACT) through Rice University, the T.
L. L. Temple Foundation, the John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment, and
the State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the
University of Houston; and at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 3
AR 034304
DI 10.1063/1.3544469
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 721PC
UT WOS:000287366000078
ER
PT J
AU Steighner, MS
Snedeker, LP
Boyce, BL
Gall, K
Miller, DC
Muhlstein, CL
AF Steighner, M. S.
Snedeker, L. P.
Boyce, B. L.
Gall, K.
Miller, D. C.
Muhlstein, C. L.
TI Dependence on diameter and growth direction of apparent strain to
failure of Si nanowires
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MATERIAL-TESTING-SYSTEM; SILICON NANOWIRES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
PERFECT DIAMOND; STRENGTH; FRACTURE; MICROSCOPY; DESIGN; ENERGY; MEMS
AB Previous studies of the mechanical properties of Si nanowires have not shown the size-dependent strengths that are expected for this prototypical brittle material. A potential source of the ambiguity in the literature is the development of tensile stresses during the large (nonlinear) deflections that were present during the flexure tests. In this work we show that size-dependent strengths can be observed in Si nanowires when they are evaluated using uniaxial tension loading conditions. Si nanowires with diameters ranging from 268 to 840 nm were fabricated using the vapor-liquid-solid method and were strained to failure in vacuum using a micromachined load frame. The smallest nanowires were the strongest but the magnitude of the size effect suggests that the flaw populations in Si nanowires are orientation-dependent. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3537658]
C1 [Steighner, M. S.; Snedeker, L. P.; Muhlstein, C. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Boyce, B. L.; Miller, D. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Gall, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Off LOVE 282, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Muhlstein, CL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 202B Steidle Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM clm28@psu.edu
RI Boyce, Brad/H-5045-2012;
OI Boyce, Brad/0000-0001-5994-1743; Muhlstein,
Christopher/0000-0002-5928-068X
FU National Science Foundation [NSF CAREER DMR-0449684, 0335765];
Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University Materials
Research Institute NanoFabrication Network; National Nanotechnology
Infrastructure Network, with Cornell University; U.S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000];
Sandia National Laboratories
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the ongoing support of the
National Science Foundation (Grant No. NSF CAREER DMR-0449684) and The
Pennsylvania State University. This work was also supported by the
Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Institute
NanoFabrication Network and the National Science Foundation Cooperative
Agreement No. 0335765, National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network,
with Cornell University. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cornell University nor those
of the National Science Foundation. BLB and DCM were supported by LDRD
and BES programs at Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of
Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000. We would also like to thank S. Eichfeld and J.
Redwing (The Pennsylvania State University) for synthesizing the
nanowires.
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 3
AR 033503
DI 10.1063/1.3537658
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 721PC
UT WOS:000287366000016
ER
PT J
AU Chen, WB
Schmidt, MC
Samatova, NF
AF Chen, Wenbin
Schmidt, Matthew C.
Samatova, Nagiza F.
TI On the parameterized complexity of the Multi-MCT and Multi-MCST problems
SO JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Multi-MCT; Multi-MCST; W-hierarchy; Parameterized complexity;
Computational complexity
ID LARGEST COMMON SUBTREES; SUPERTREES; TREES
AB The comparison of tree structured data is widespread since trees can be used to represent wide varieties of data, such as XML data, evolutionary histories, or carbohydrate structures. Two graph-theoretical problems used in the comparison of such data are the problems of finding the maximum common subtree (MCT) and the minimum common supertree (MCST) of two trees. These problems generalize to the problem of finding the MCT and MCST of multiple trees (Multi-MCT and Multi-MCST, respectively). In this paper, we prove parameterized complexity hardness results for the different parameterized versions of the Multi-MCT and Multi-MCST problem under isomorphic embeddings.
C1 [Chen, Wenbin; Schmidt, Matthew C.; Samatova, Nagiza F.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Chen, Wenbin; Schmidt, Matthew C.; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Samatova, NF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM samatovan@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Research, Office of Science); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; LLC U.S.
D.O.E. [DEAC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors are thankful to the reviewers for their insightful comments.
This research has been supported by the "Exploratory Data Intensive
Computing for Complex Biological Systems" project from U.S. Department
of Energy (Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of
Science). The work of NFS was also sponsored by the Laboratory Directed
Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak
Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle for the LLC U.S.
D.O.E. under contract no. DEAC05-00OR22725.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1382-6905
J9 J COMB OPTIM
JI J. Comb. Optim.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 151
EP 158
DI 10.1007/s10878-009-9220-2
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 712QG
UT WOS:000286680700001
ER
PT J
AU Swarbreck, SM
Defoin-Platel, M
Hindle, M
Saqi, M
Habash, DZ
AF Swarbreck, Stephanie M.
Defoin-Platel, M.
Hindle, M.
Saqi, M.
Habash, Dimah Z.
TI New perspectives on glutamine synthetase in grasses
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
LA English
DT Review
DE Bioinformatics; climate change; gene expression; glutamine synthetase;
nitrogen; nitrogen use efficiency; phylogenetics; QTLs; regulation;
systems; yield
ID GENE COEXPRESSION NETWORKS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ORYZA-SATIVA L.;
ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT BIOLOGY; DATA SETS; HYPOTHESIS GENERATION;
NITROGEN ASSIMILATION; NITRATE ASSIMILATION; HEXAPLOID WHEAT
AB Members of the glutamine synthetase (GS) gene family have now been characterized in many crop species such as wheat, rice, and maize. Studies have shown that cytosolic GS isoforms are involved in nitrogen remobilization during leaf senescence and emphasized a role in seed production particularly in small grain crop species. Data from the sequencing of genomes for model crops and expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from non-model species have strengthened the idea that the cytosolic GS genes are organized in three functionally and phylogenetically conserved subfamilies. Using a bioinformatic approach, the considerable publicly available information on high throughput gene expression was mined to search for genes having patterns of expression similar to GS. Interesting new hypotheses have emerged from searching for co-expressed genes across multiple unfiltered experimental data sets in rice. This approach should inform new experimental designs and studies to explore the regulation of the GS gene family further. It is expected that understanding the regulation of GS under varied climatic conditions will emerge as an important new area considering the results from recent studies that have shown nitrogen assimilation to be critical to plant acclimation to high CO(2) concentrations.
C1 [Habash, Dimah Z.] Rothamsted Res, Ctr Crop Genet Improvement, Dept Plant Sci, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England.
[Swarbreck, Stephanie M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Defoin-Platel, M.; Hindle, M.; Saqi, M.] Rothamsted Res, Ctr Math & Computat Biol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England.
RP Habash, DZ (reprint author), Rothamsted Res, Ctr Crop Genet Improvement, Dept Plant Sci, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England.
EM Dimah.Habash@bbsrc.ac.uk
OI Swarbreck, Stephanie M./0000-0001-8355-7354; Hindle,
Matthew/0000-0002-6870-4069
FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences
Research Council of the UK
FX SMS is supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science,
Biological and Environmental and Research Program, Climate Change
Research Division, and by the University of California, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DZH,
MD-H, MH, and MS are supported by Rothamsted Research which is grant
aided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of
the UK.
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 43
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0957
J9 J EXP BOT
JI J. Exp. Bot.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 4
BP 1511
EP 1522
DI 10.1093/jxb/erq356
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 716QX
UT WOS:000286989700014
PM 21172814
ER
PT J
AU Harsha, N
Ranya, KR
Babitha, KB
Shukla, S
Biju, S
Reddy, MLP
Warrier, KGK
AF Harsha, N.
Ranya, K. R.
Babitha, K. B.
Shukla, S.
Biju, S.
Reddy, M. L. P.
Warrier, K. G. K.
TI Hydrothermal Processing of Hydrogen Titanate/Anatase-Titania Nanotubes
and Their Application as Strong Dye-Adsorbents
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanotubes; Formation Mechanism; Hydrothermal; Dye-Adsorption
ID PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; TIO2 NANOTUBES; FORMATION MECHANISM; OXIDE
NANOTUBES; NANOWIRES; GROWTH; FABRICATION; DIOXIDE; ARRAYS;
MICROSTRUCTURES
AB The nanotubes of pure hydrogen titanate and anatase-titania have been synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of as-received anatase-titania particles. The formation mechanism of anatase-titania nanotubes via hydrothermal has been discussed in detail in view of the finger-prints produced by characterizing the intermediate and end products using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller specific surface-area measurement, fourier transform infrared spectroscope, diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analyses. The obtained results strongly support the rollup mechanism, involving multiple nanosheets, for the formation of anatase-titania nanotubes with the formation of different intermediate hydrothermal products having various morphologies such as sodium titanate having aggregated rectangular block-like structures, hydrogen sodium titanate and pure hydrogen titanate having highly aggregated unresolved fine-structures containing nanotubes, and finally, the pure anatase-TiO(2) nanotubes. It is demonstrated that, during the hydrothermal treatment, the nanotubes of pure hydrogen titanate are formed first coinciding with the stable solution-pH during washing, indicating the completion of ion-exchange process, and a drastic increase in the specific surface-area of the hydrothermal product. The anatase-titania nanotubes are then derived from the pure hydrogen titanate nanotubes via thermal treatment. The use of pure hydrogen titanate and anatase-titania nanotubes for an organic textile dye-removal, from an aqueous solution under the dark condition, via surface-adsorption mechanism has been demonstrated. It is shown that, the specific surface-area and the surface-charge govern the maximum dye-absorption capacity of the anatase-TiO(2) nanotubes under the dark condition.
C1 [Harsha, N.; Ranya, K. R.; Babitha, K. B.; Shukla, S.; Warrier, K. G. K.] CSIR, NIIST, MMD, Ceram Technol Dept, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.
[Shukla, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Ceram Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Biju, S.; Reddy, M. L. P.] CSIR, NIIST, CSTD, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.
RP Shukla, S (reprint author), CSIR, NIIST, MMD, Ceram Technol Dept, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.
RI TVM, NIIST/E-5132-2012;
OI TVM, NIIST/0000-0002-5814-466X; Shukla, Satyajit/0000-0002-7947-8095
FU CSIR, India [NWP0010, P81113]
FX Authors thank CSIR, India for funding the ceramics, photocatalysis, and
nanotechnology research at NIIST-CSIR, India through the Projects #
NWP0010 and # P81113. Authors also thank Mr. S. Sankar, Mr. P. Guruswamy
(both NIIST-CSIR, India), and Mr. Narendra (Icon Analytical, India) for
conducting the DR/FTIR, XRD, and HRTEM analyses respectively.
NR 40
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1533-4880
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 1175
EP 1187
DI 10.1166/jnn.2011.3048
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 718ZZ
UT WOS:000287167900038
PM 21456156
ER
PT J
AU Pillai, MRA
Knapp, FF
AF Pillai, M. R. A.
Knapp, F. F. (Russ), Jr.
TI Overcoming the Tc-99m Shortage: Are Options Being Overlooked?
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT News Item
ID CYCLOTRON PRODUCTION; GENERATOR; RE-188
C1 [Pillai, M. R. A.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Knapp, F. F. (Russ), Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Pillai, MRA (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India.
NR 17
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 4
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA
SN 0161-5505
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 2
BP 15N
EP +
PG 3
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 711ME
UT WOS:000286594900001
PM 21270452
ER
PT J
AU Rostomian, AH
Madison, C
Rabinovici, GD
Jagust, WJ
AF Rostomian, Ara H.
Madison, Cindee
Rabinovici, Gil D.
Jagust, William J.
TI Early C-11-PIB Frames and F-18-FDG PET Measures Are Comparable: A Study
Validated in a Cohort of AD and FTLD Patients
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pittsburgh compound B (C-11-PIB); perfusion; F-18-FDG; A beta-amyloid
plaques; cerebral glucose metabolism
ID PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION; MILD COGNITIVE
IMPAIRMENT; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FDG-PET; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; DEMENTIA;
BRAIN; METABOLISM; BETA
AB The availability of new PET ligands offers the potential to measure fibrillar beta-amyloid in the brain. Nevertheless, physiologic information in the form of perfusion or metabolism may still be useful in differentiating causes of dementia during life. In this study, we investigated whether early C-11-Pittsburgh compound B (C-11-PIB) PET frames (perfusion C-11-PIB [pPIB]) could provide information equivalent to blood flow and metabolism. First, we assessed the similarity of pPIB and F-18-FDG PET images in a test cohort with various clinical diagnoses (n = 10), and then we validated the results in a cohort of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) (n = 42; mean age +/- SD, 66.6 +/- 10.6 y; mean Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score 6 SD, 22.2 +/- 6.0) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) (n = 31; age +/- SD, 63.9 +/- 7.1 y, mean MMSE score +/- SD, 23.8 +/- 6.7). Methods: To identify the C-11-PIB frames best representing perfusion, we ran on a test cohort an iterative algorithm, including generating normalized (cerebellar reference) perfusion pPIB images across variable frame ranges and calculating Pearson R values of the sum of these pPIB frames with the sum of all F-18-FDG frames (cerebellar normalized) for all brain tissue voxels. Once this perfusion frame range was determined on the test cohort, it was then validated on an extended cohort and the power of pPIB in differential diagnosis was compared with F-18-FDG by performing a logistic regression of regions-of-interest tracer measure (pPIB or F-18-FDG) versus diagnosis. Results: A 7min window, corresponding to minutes 1-8 (frames 5-15), produced the highest voxelwise correlation between F-18-FDG and pPIB (R = 0.78 +/- 0.05). This pPIB frame range was further validated on the extended AD and FTLD cohort across 12 regions of interest (R = 0.91 +/- 0.09). A logistic model using pPIB was able to classify 90.5% of the AD and 83.9% of the FTLD patients correctly. Using F-18-FDG, we correctly classified 88.1% of AD and 83.9% of FTLD patients. The temporal pole and temporal neocortex were significant discriminators (P < 0.05) in both models, whereas in the model with pPIB the frontal region was also significant. Conclusion: The high correlation between pPIB and F-18-FDG measures and their comparable performance in differential diagnosis are promising in providing functional information using C-11-PIB PET data. This approach could be useful, obviating F-18-FDG scans when longer-lived amyloid imaging agents become available.
C1 [Rostomian, Ara H.; Madison, Cindee; Rabinovici, Gil D.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Madison, Cindee; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rabinovici, Gil D.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Rabinovici, Gil D.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Madison, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 132 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM cindee@berkeley.edu
FU National Institute of Health [AG027859, AG034570, AG031861,
P01-AG1972403, P50-AG023501]; Alzheimer's Association [ZEN08-87090,
NIRG-07-59422]; John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation; State of
California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research
Center of California [04-33516]
FX We thank Adi Alkalay for her continuous support with updating and
organizing the clinical data. This research was supported in part by
grants AG027859, AG034570, AG031861, P01-AG1972403, and P50-AG023501
from the National Institute of Health and ZEN08-87090 and NIRG-07-59422
from the Alzheimer's Association. Support was also received from the
John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation and the State of California
Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of
California (04-33516).
NR 28
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Z9 24
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA
SN 0161-5505
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 2
BP 173
EP 179
DI 10.2967/jnumed.110.082057
PG 7
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 711ME
UT WOS:000286594900005
PM 21233181
ER
PT J
AU Byna, S
Sun, XH
AF Byna, Surendra
Sun, Xian-He
TI Special issue on Data Intensive Computing
SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Byna, Surendra] NEC Labs Amer Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Sun, Xian-He] IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Byna, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50B3238, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM sbyna@nec-labs.com
RI Byna, Surendra/G-1622-2012;
OI Byna, Surendra/0000-0003-3048-3448
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0743-7315
J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM
JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
SI SI
BP 143
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.10.009
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 708LS
UT WOS:000286363900001
ER
PT J
AU Li, JT
Ma, XS
Yoginath, S
Kora, G
Samatova, NF
AF Li, Jiangtian
Ma, Xiaosong
Yoginath, Srikanth
Kora, Guruprasad
Samatova, Nagiza F.
TI Transparent runtime parallelization of the R scripting language
SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Runtime parallelization; Incremental analysis; Scripting languages
AB Scripting languages such as R and Matlab are widely used in scientific data processing. As the data volume and the complexity of analysis tasks both grow, sequential data processing using these tools often becomes the bottleneck in scientific workflows. We describe pR, a runtime framework for automatic and transparent parallelization of the popular R language used in statistical computing. Recognizing scripting languages' interpreted nature and data analysis codes' use pattern, we propose several novel techniques: (1) applying parallelizing compiler technology to runtime, whole-program dependence analysis of scripting languages, (2) incremental code analysis assisted with evaluation results, and (3) runtime parallelization of file accesses. Our framework does not require any modification to either the source code or the underlying R implementation. Experimental results demonstrate that pR can exploit both task and data parallelism transparently and overall has better performance as well as scalability compared to an existing parallel R package that requires code modification. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Jiangtian] Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
[Ma, Xiaosong; Samatova, Nagiza F.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Ma, Xiaosong; Yoginath, Srikanth; Kora, Guruprasad; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Li, JT (reprint author), Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
EM jiangtli@microsoft.com; ma@csc.ncsu.edu; yoginathsb@ornl.gov;
koragh@ornl.gov; samatova@csc.ncsu.edu
FU DOE ECPI [DE-FG02-05ER25685]; NSF [CNS-0915861, CNS-0546301]; Scientific
Data Management Center under the Department of Energy's Scientific
Discovery; UT-Battelle for the LLC US D.O.E. [DEAC05-00OR22725];
Xiaosong Ma
FX We greatly appreciate the anonymous reviewers for their valuable
comments and suggestions. The research at NCSU was sponsored in part by
a DOE ECPI Award (DE-FG02-05ER25685), a NSF CAREER Award (CNS-0546301),
a NSF award (CNS-0915861), and Xiaosong Ma's joint appointment between
NCSU and ORNL. The work of Nagiza F. Samatova, Guruprasad Kora and
Srikanth Yoginath was funded by the Scientific Data Management Center
under the Department of Energy's Scientific Discovery through Advanced
Computing program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by
UT-Battelle for the LLC US D.O.E. under contract no. DEAC05-00OR22725.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0743-7315
J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM
JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
SI SI
BP 157
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.08.013
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 708LS
UT WOS:000286363900003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YP
Mueller, F
Cui, XH
Potok, T
AF Zhang, Yongpeng
Mueller, Frank
Cui, Xiaohui
Potok, Thomas
TI Data-intensive document clustering on graphics processing unit (GPU)
clusters
SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE High-performance computing; Accelerators; Data-intensive computing
AB Document clustering is a central method to mine massive amounts of data. Due to the explosion of raw documents generated on the Internet and the necessity to analyze them efficiently in various intelligent information systems, clustering techniques have reached their limitations on single processors. Instead of single processors, general-purpose multi-core chips are increasingly deployed in response to diminishing returns in single-processor speedup due to the frequency wall, but multi-core benefits only provide linear speedups while the number of documents in the Internet is growing exponentially. Accelerating hardware devices represent a novel promise for improving the performance for data-intensive problems such as document clustering. They offer more radical designs with a higher level of parallelism but adaptation to novel programming environments.
In this paper, we assess the benefits of exploiting the computational power of graphics processing units (GPUs) to study two fundamental problems in document mining, namely to calculate the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and cluster a large set of documents. We transform traditional algorithms into accelerated parallel counterparts that can be efficiently executed on manycore GPU architectures. We assess our implementations on various platforms, ranging from stand-alone GPU desktops to Beowulf-like clusters equipped with contemporary GPU cards. We observe at least one order of magnitude speedups over CPU-only desktops and clusters. This demonstrates the potential of exploiting GPU clusters to efficiently solve massive document mining problems. Such speedups combined with the scalability potential and accelerator-based parallelization are unique in the domain of document-based data mining, to the best of our knowledge. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Yongpeng; Mueller, Frank] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Cui, Xiaohui; Potok, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mueller, F (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM mueller@cs.ncsu.edu; cuix@ornl.gov
OI Potok, Thomas/0000-0001-6687-3435
FU NSF [CCF-0429653, CCR-0237570]; ORNL; Lockheed ShareVision; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
FX This work was supported in part by NSF grant CCF-0429653, CCR-0237570
and a subcontract from ORNL. The research at ORNL was partially funded
by Lockheed ShareVision research funds and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Seed Money funds.
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0743-7315
J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM
JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
SI SI
BP 211
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.08.002
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 708LS
UT WOS:000286363900007
ER
PT J
AU Ulmer, C
Gokhale, M
Gallagher, B
Top, P
Eliassi-Rad, T
AF Ulmer, Craig
Gokhale, Maya
Gallagher, Brian
Top, Philip
Eliassi-Rad, Tina
TI Massively parallel acceleration of a document-similarity classifier to
detect web attacks
SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Cybersecurity; Document classification; Machine learning; Multi-core;
Reconfigurable computing
AB This paper describes our approach to adapting a text document similarity classifier based on the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TFIDF) metric to two massively multi-core hardware platforms. The TFIDF classifier is used to detect web attacks in HTTP data. In our parallel hardware approaches, we design streaming, real time classifiers by simplifying the sequential algorithm and manipulating the classifier's model to allow decision information to be represented compactly. Parallel implementations on the Tilera 64-core System on Chip and the Xilinx Virtex 5-LX FPGA are presented. For the Tilera, we employ a reduced state machine to recognize dictionary terms without requiring explicit tokenization, and achieve throughput of 37 MB/s at a slightly reduced accuracy. For the FPGA, we have developed a set of software tools to help automate the process of converting training data to synthesizable hardware and to provide a means of trading off between accuracy and resource utilization. The Xilinx Virtex 5-LX implementation requires 0.2% of the memory used by the original algorithm. At 166 MB/s (80X the software) the hardware implementation is able to achieve Gigabit network throughput at the same accuracy as the original algorithm. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gokhale, Maya; Gallagher, Brian; Eliassi-Rad, Tina] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Ulmer, Craig] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Gokhale, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM maya@llnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0743-7315
J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM
JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
SI SI
BP 225
EP 235
DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.07.005
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 708LS
UT WOS:000286363900008
ER
PT J
AU Silver, GL
AF Silver, G. L.
TI Plutonium hydrolysis and the double double-point
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Plutonium; Hydrolysis; Disproportionation; Multiple-point
AB There is uncertainty about the numerical value of the first hydrolysis constant of the tetravalent plutonium ion. A new method for discriminating between the claims is illustrated. It suggests the traditional estimates of that constant are closer to its true value than a singular result based on a few solvent-extraction experiments. A previously unnoticed multiple point in aqueous Pu chemistry is illustrated.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E502,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM gsilver@lanl.gov
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 287
IS 2
BP 591
EP 594
DI 10.1007/s10967-010-0784-1
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 708AG
UT WOS:000286332100033
ER
PT J
AU Hobbs, ML
Nakos, JT
Brady, PD
AF Hobbs, Michael L.
Nakos, James T.
Brady, Patrick D.
TI Response of a glass/phenolic composite to high temperatures
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE DSC; Effective thermal conductivity; Glass fabric; LFD; Model; Phenolic;
TG; Uncertainty quantification
ID POLYURETHANE FOAM; DECOMPOSITION; FIRE
AB Determining the response of composite phenolic materials to fire remains a major unsolved problem that is important for high consequence safety analysis. Difficulties arise when thermophysical property measurements are obscured by decomposition reactions. This article presents several decomposition experiments and models for a phenolic resin impregnated into chopped 1.27-by-1.27 cm glass fabric. The thermal response of the material was measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and laser flash diffusivity (LFD). The TG data was used to develop a 5-step decomposition mechanism describing mass loss due to reaction; the DSC data was used to describe the energy changes associated with these reactions; and the LFD data was used to describe energy flow into the decomposing material. An effective thermal conductivity model was used to partition energy transport by gas conduction, solid conduction, and diffusive radiation. The dynamic gas volume fraction is treated as a field variable to extrapolate thermal transport properties at high temperatures where decomposition is prevalent. These various models have been implemented into a finite element response model with an example calculation that includes uncertainty.
C1 [Hobbs, Michael L.; Nakos, James T.; Brady, Patrick D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87105 USA.
RP Hobbs, ML (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87105 USA.
EM mlhobbs@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Work performed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We
thank Ken Erickson, Walter Gill, John Oelfke, and Jill Suo-Anttila at
SNL who contributed some of the data shown in this article. We would
also like to thank the internal reviewers Tre' Shelton and Amanda B.
Dodd. Comments and suggestions from external reviewers are also
appreciated.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-6150
J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM
JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 103
IS 2
BP 543
EP 553
DI 10.1007/s10973-010-0930-6
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA 714VB
UT WOS:000286836000018
ER
PT J
AU Singer, MA
Wang, SL
AF Singer, Michael A.
Wang, Stephen L.
TI Modeling Blood Flow in a Tilted Inferior Vena Cava Filter: Does Tilt
Adversely Affect Hemodynamics?
SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GUNTHER TULIP FILTER; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; TRAUMA PATIENTS; SHEAR-STRESS;
IVC FILTERS; FOLLOW-UP; IN-VIVO; MULTICENTER; RETRIEVAL; PATTERNS
AB Purpose: Filter tilt is often seen with conical filters and adversely affects retrievability and clot trapping efficiency. In addition, tilt may also alter flow dynamics. This study uses computational fluid dynamics to evaluate flow past an unoccluded and partially occluded Celect inferior vena cava filter (Cook, Bloomington, Indiana). In particular, the hemodynamic response to thrombus volume and filter tilt is examined, and the results are compared with flow conditions known to be thrombogenic.
Materials and Methods: Computer models of an upright and tilted Celect filter are constnicted using high-resolution digital photographs and methods of computer-aided design. The three-dimensional models are placed inside a model cava, and steady-state flow past unoccluded and partially occluded filters is computed.
Results: The volume of stagnant and recirculating flow increases with thrombus volume. In addition, as filter tilt increases, the cava wall in the direction of filter tilt is subjected to low-velocity flow and gives rise to regions of low wall shear stress.
Conclusions: Flow conditions caused by the tilted Celect filter may elevate the risk of intra/perifilter thrombosis and facilitate vascular remodeling. This latter condition may increase the potential for incorporation of the hook of the filter into the vena cava wall, thereby complicating filter retrieval. These findings also suggest that further long-term clinical follow-up with conical filters should be pursued with a specific evaluation of tilt as a factor of intrafilter thrombus and thrombosis.
C1 [Wang, Stephen L.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Vasc & Intervent Radiol, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
[Singer, Michael A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Wang, SL (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Div Vasc & Intervent Radiol, 700 Lawrence Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
EM stephen.wang@alumni.duke.edu
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1051-0443
J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL
JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 2
BP 229
EP 235
DI 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.09.032
PG 7
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular
Disease
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System &
Cardiology
GA 718ZU
UT WOS:000287166600016
PM 21211992
ER
PT J
AU Liu, CC
Qi, L
Yanofsky, C
Arkin, AP
AF Liu, Chang C.
Qi, Lei
Yanofsky, Charles
Arkin, Adam P.
TI Regulation of transcription by unnatural amino acids
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC-CODE; NASCENT PEPTIDE; EXPRESSION; RIBOSOME;
RIBOREGULATORS; BIOSYNTHESIS; ATTENUATION; GENERATION; EVOLUTION
AB Small-molecule regulation of gene expression is intrinsic to cellular function and indispensable to the construction of new biological sensing, control and expression systems(1,2). However, there are currently only a handful of strategies for engineering such regulatory components and fewer still that can give rise to an arbitrarily large set of inducible systems whose members respond to different small molecules, display uniformity and modularity in their mechanisms of regulation, and combine to actuate universal logics(3-8). Here we present an approach for small-molecule regulation of transcription based on the combination of cis-regulatory leader-peptide elements with genetically encoded unnatural amino acids (amino acids that have been artificially added to the genetic code). In our system, any genetically encoded unnatural amino acid (UAA) can be used as a small-molecule attenuator or activator of gene transcription, and the logics intrinsic to the network defined by expanded genetic codes can be actuated.
C1 [Liu, Chang C.; Qi, Lei; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Chang C.] Miller Inst Basic Res Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Yanofsky, Charles] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Liu, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ccliu@berkeley.edu; aparkin@lbl.gov
RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008;
OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Qi, Lei S/0000-0002-3965-3223
FU National Science Foundation as part of the Synthetic Biology Engineering
Research Center; Miller Institute for Basic Scientific Research
FX We thank P. Schultz (The Scripps Research Institute) for thoughtful
comments and the gift of the pEVOL plasmids. We thank J. Lucks for
helpful discussions and advice. This work was funded by the National
Science Foundation as part of the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research
Center (A.P.A.) and the Miller Institute for Basic Scientific Research
(C.C.L.).
NR 30
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 15
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1087-0156
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 2
BP 164
EP U111
DI 10.1038/nbt.1741
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 717DJ
UT WOS:000287023000025
PM 21240267
ER
PT J
AU Demetriou, MD
Launey, ME
Garrett, G
Schramm, JP
Hofmann, DC
Johnson, WL
Ritchie, RO
AF Demetriou, Marios D.
Launey, Maximilien E.
Garrett, Glenn
Schramm, Joseph P.
Hofmann, Douglas C.
Johnson, William L.
Ritchie, Robert O.
TI A damage-tolerant glass
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; FATIGUE-CRACK-PROPAGATION; NOTCH BENDING TESTS;
CU-SI ALLOY; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; DEFORMATION; TIP; FLOW
AB Owing to a lack of microstructure, glassy materials are inherently strong but brittle, and often demonstrate extreme sensitivity to flaws. Accordingly, their macroscopic failure is often not initiated by plastic yielding, and almost always terminated by brittle fracture. Unlike conventional brittle glasses, metallic glasses are generally capable of limited plastic yielding by shear-band sliding in the presence of a flaw, and thus exhibit toughness-strength relationships that lie between those of brittle ceramics and marginally tough metals. Here, a bulk glassy palladium alloy is introduced, demonstrating an unusual capacity for shielding an opening crack accommodated by an extensive shear-band sliding process, which promotes a fracture toughness comparable to those of the toughest materials known. This result demonstrates that the combination of toughness and strength (that is, damage tolerance) accessible to amorphous materials extends beyond the benchmark ranges established by the toughest and strongest materials known, thereby pushing the envelope of damage tolerance accessible to a structural metal.
C1 [Demetriou, Marios D.; Garrett, Glenn; Schramm, Joseph P.; Hofmann, Douglas C.; Johnson, William L.] CALTECH, Keck Engn Labs, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Launey, Maximilien E.; Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Demetriou, MD (reprint author), CALTECH, Keck Engn Labs, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM marios@caltech.edu
RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008
OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0520565]; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering,
of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX M.D.D., G.G., J.P.S., D.C.H. and W.L.J. acknowledge support by the MRSEC
program of the National Science Foundation under award number
DMR-0520565 for the alloy development work. M.E.L. and R.O.R.
acknowledge support by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the
US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 for the
fracture-toughness characterization. The contributions of A. Wiest, J-Y.
Suh, M. Floyd, C. Crewdson and C. Garland are also acknowledged.
NR 34
TC 225
Z9 228
U1 26
U2 242
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 123
EP 128
DI 10.1038/nmat2930
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 710LC
UT WOS:000286512200019
PM 21217693
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, TA
Holmes, S
Alekseyenko, AV
Shenoy, M
Desantis, T
Wu, CH
Andersen, GL
Winston, J
Sonnenburg, J
Pasricha, PJ
Spormann, A
AF Nelson, T. A.
Holmes, S.
Alekseyenko, A. V.
Shenoy, M.
Desantis, T.
Wu, C. H.
Andersen, G. L.
Winston, J.
Sonnenburg, J.
Pasricha, P. J.
Spormann, A.
TI PhyloChip microarray analysis reveals altered gastrointestinal microbial
communities in a rat model of colonic hypersensitivity
SO NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE enteric microflora; irritable bowel syndrome; PhyloChip; visceral
hypersensitivity
ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN GUT; FECAL MICROBIOTA;
IMPACT; PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; FLORA; FERMENTATION
AB Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, episodic gastrointestinal disorder that is prevalent in a significant fraction of western human populations; and changes in the microbiota of the large bowel have been implicated in the pathology of the disease.
Methods
Using a novel comprehensive, high-density DNA microarray (PhyloChip) we performed a phylogenetic analysis of the microbial community of the large bowel in a rat model in which intracolonic acetic acid in neonates was used to induce long lasting colonic hypersensitivity and decreased stool water content and frequency, representing the equivalent of human constipation-predominant IBS.
Key Results
Our results revealed a significantly increased compositional difference in the microbial communities in rats with neonatal irritation as compared with controls. Even more striking was the dramatic change in the ratio of Firmicutes relative to Bacteroidetes, where neonatally irritated rats were enriched more with Bacteroidetes and also contained a different composition of species within this phylum. Our study also revealed differences at the level of bacterial families and species.
Conclusions & Inferences
The PhyloChip is a useful and convenient method to study enteric microflora. Further, this rat model system may be a useful experimental platform to study the causes and consequences of changes in microbial community composition associated with IBS.
C1 [Pasricha, P. J.] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nelson, T. A.; Spormann, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nelson, T. A.; Spormann, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nelson, T. A.; Sonnenburg, J.; Pasricha, P. J.; Spormann, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nelson, T. A.; Pasricha, P. J.; Spormann, A.] Stanford Univ, Bio X Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Holmes, S.; Alekseyenko, A. V.] Stanford Univ, Dept Stat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Alekseyenko, A. V.] NYU, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Informat & Bioinformat, New York, NY USA.
[Desantis, T.; Wu, C. H.; Andersen, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Winston, J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Div Gastroenterol, Galveston, TX USA.
RP Pasricha, PJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Alway Bldg,Room M211,300 Pasteur Dr,MC 5187, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM pasricha@stanford.edu
RI Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827
FU Bio-X Interdisciplinary Initiative [IIP4-32]; NIH [NIH-5-R01GM086884-2];
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Supported by a grant from the Bio-X Interdisciplinary Initiative Program
IIP4-32 (PI: Pasricha; co-investigator: Spormann) and
NIH-5-R01GM086884-2 (PI: Holmes).; Work performed at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1350-1925
J9 NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL
JI Neurogastroenterol. Motil.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 2
AR 169-177,e41,e42
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01637.x
PG 11
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 706IM
UT WOS:000286211600017
PM 21129126
ER
PT J
AU Bond, L
Ramuhalli, P
AF Bond, Leonard
Ramuhalli, Pradeep
TI Proactive degradation management
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDITION-BASED MAINTENANCE; PROGNOSTICS
C1 [Bond, Leonard; Ramuhalli, Pradeep] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bond, L (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM leonard.bond@pnl.gov
OI Ramuhalli, Pradeep/0000-0001-6372-1743
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILMINGTON PUBL
PI SIDCUP
PA WILMINGTON HOUSE, MAIDSTONE RD, FOOTS CRAY, SIDCUP DA14 SHZ, KENT,
ENGLAND
SN 0029-5507
J9 NUCL ENG INT
JI Nucl. Eng. Int.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 679
BP 28
EP 31
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 725KC
UT WOS:000287642600008
ER
PT J
AU Alexoff, DL
Dewey, SL
Vaska, P
Krishnamoorthy, S
Ferrieri, R
Schueller, M
Schlyer, DJ
Fowler, JS
AF Alexoff, David L.
Dewey, Stephen L.
Vaska, Paul
Krishnamoorthy, Srilalan
Ferrieri, Richard
Schueller, Michael
Schlyer, David J.
Fowler, Joanna S.
TI PET imaging of thin objects: measuring the effects of positron range and
partial-volume averaging in the leaf of Nicotiana tabacum
SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Positron; Range; PET; Plant; Imaging
ID EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; WATER STATUS; MICROPET R4; PLANTS; TRANSPORT;
SYSTEM; F-18; C-11; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PERFORMANCE
AB Introduction: PET imaging in plants is receiving increased interest as a new strategy to measure plant responses to environmental stimuli and as a tool for phenotyping genetically engineered plants. PET imaging in plants, however, poses new challenges. In particular, the leaves of most plants are so thin that a large fraction of positrons emitted from PET isotopes ((18)F, (11)C, (13)N) escape while even state-of-the-art PET cameras have significant partial-volume errors for such thin objects. Although these limitations are acknowledged by researchers, little data have been published on them.
Methods: Here we measured the magnitude and distribution of escaping positrons from the leaf of Nicotiana tabacum for the radionuclides (18)F, (11)C and (13)N using a commercial small-animal PET scanner. Imaging results were compared to radionuclide concentrations measured from dissection and counting and to a Monte Carlo simulation using GATE (Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission).
Results: Simulated and experimentally determined escape fractions were consistent. The fractions of positrons (mean +/- S.D.) escaping the leaf parenchyma were measured to be 59 +/- 1.1%, 64 +/- 4.4% and 67 +/- 1.9% for (18)F, (11)C and (13)N, respectively. Escape fractions were lower in thicker leaf areas like the midrib. Partial-volume averaging underestimated activity concentrations in the leaf blade by a factor of 10 to 15.
Conclusions: The foregoing effects combine to yield PET images whose contrast does not reflect the actual activity concentrations. These errors can be largely corrected by integrating activity along the PET axis perpendicular to the leaf surface, including detection of escaped positrons, and calculating concentration using a measured leaf thickness. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alexoff, David L.; Dewey, Stephen L.; Vaska, Paul; Krishnamoorthy, Srilalan; Ferrieri, Richard; Schueller, Michael; Schlyer, David J.; Fowler, Joanna S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Alexoff, DL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM alexoff@bnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.
We thank James Anselmini for plate construction, Colleen Shea, Lisa
Muench and Youwen Xu for hot lab operations support, and acknowledge
useful discussions with Jacob Hooker.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0969-8051
J9 NUCL MED BIOL
JI Nucl. Med. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 2
BP 191
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.08.004
PG 10
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 726MR
UT WOS:000287726900007
PM 21315274
ER
PT J
AU Tang, Y
Grandy, C
Seidensticker, R
AF Tang, Yu
Grandy, Christopher
Seidensticker, Ralph
TI SEISMIC ISOLATION FOR ADVANCED FAST REACTORS
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE advanced fast reactor; seismic base isolation; friction pendulum system
ID FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATORS; SLIDING ISOLATION BEARINGS;
RESPONSE-HISTORY ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR-POWER PLANTS; TEFLON BEARINGS;
ADAPTIVE-BEHAVIOR; BASE-ISOLATION; SYSTEM; MODEL; VERIFICATION
AB We present the results of a survey of the state of seismic isolation technology. The emphasis of the review is placed in the United States. The purpose of this survey was to provide an engineering basis for the use of seismic isolation in the design of nuclear power plants. In particular, the survey is focused on providing a basis for the design of advanced fast reactor (AFR) nuclear power plants. These AFR plants typically have components and piping that are thin walled as opposed to the thick-walled components and piping in light water reactor (LWR) plants. As a result the AFR plants do not have the adequate inherent strength to resist seismic loads that exists in the LWR plants. It is far more desirable, therefore, to reduce the seismic demand on the AFR plants than to require costly measures to strengthen the structures and components. It is believed that the use of seismic isolation is a viable and effective way to provide this reduction in seismic demand. Various types of seismic isolation systems and devices are reviewed along with their strengths and weaknesses. Descriptions of several U.S. seismically isolated buildings are presented. The results of actual performance of seismically isolated buildings are also presented, including representative measurements of accelerations in the structures when subjected to actual seismic events. It is concluded that the seismic isolation technology is well established and that the path forward leading to the use of this technology for AFR nuclear power plants is clear and achievable.
C1 [Tang, Yu; Grandy, Christopher; Seidensticker, Ralph] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Tang, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 208, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM yutang@anl.gov
NR 95
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 135
EP 152
PG 18
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400003
ER
PT J
AU Hollingsworth, JP
Kuntz, JD
Ryerson, FJ
Soules, TF
AF Hollingsworth, Joel P.
Kuntz, Joshua D.
Ryerson, Frederick J.
Soules, Thomas F.
TI Nd diffusion in YAG ceramics
SO OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diffusion; Neodymium; Transparent ceramic
ID YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM-GARNET
AB Neodymium diffusion was observed in yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) polycrystals with negligible change of microstructure during diffusion. Ceramic bi-layer samples were fabricated via a technique developed for ceramic laser amplifiers, from flame-spray pyrolized powders of un-doped YAG and 1% Nd:YAG. Diffusion studies were carried out on these samples at temperatures lower than the sintering temperature, such that average grain diameter remained approximately 0.8 mu m for all samples. Effective diffusivity was 117 +/- 4 m(2)/s exp623 +/- 70 kJ/mol K/RT for temperatures between 1500 and 1600 degrees C and with 1.2 +/- 0.3 grain boundaries per micrometer. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hollingsworth, Joel P.; Kuntz, Joshua D.; Ryerson, Frederick J.; Soules, Thomas F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Hollingsworth, JP (reprint author), 463 A,41st St, Oakland, CA 94609 USA.
EM polyparadigm@gmail.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Cindy Larson for electron microscopy.
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under the contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-3467
J9 OPT MATER
JI Opt. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 33
IS 4
BP 592
EP 595
DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2010.10.048
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA 725EZ
UT WOS:000287629300002
ER
PT J
AU Lan, H
Hou, PY
Yang, ZG
Zhang, YD
Zhang, C
AF Lan, H.
Hou, P. Y.
Yang, Z. -G.
Zhang, Y. -D.
Zhang, C.
TI Influence of Aluminum and Rhenium on the Isothermal Oxidation Behavior
of CoNiCrAlY Alloys
SO OXIDATION OF METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Isothermal oxidation; Aluminum; Rhenium; CoNiCrAlY alloy
ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY; MCRALY COATINGS;
GROWN OXIDE; BOND-COAT; 1,423 K; DIFFUSION; RESISTANCE; IMPROVEMENT;
STABILITY
AB The oxidation behavior of a Co32Ni21Cr8Al0.6Y (wt%) alloy with and without the addition of 3.5 wt% rhenium, 2 wt% aluminum or a combination of the two was investigated at 1000 A degrees C. Results showed that increasing the Al content from 8 to 10 wt% led to an increase of the alloy beta-phase, but did not affect the oxidation behavior. Re addition induced (Cr,Re,Y)-rich phase to precipitate in the alloy, accelerated the theta- to alpha-alumina transformation, reduced the oxidation rate and enhanced the rate of alloy Al diffusion. Adding both Al and Re further improved the oxidation behavior by promoting the development of the external alumina scale and suppressing the formation of Ni, Co containing spinel. This alloy also showed the largest reduction of oxidation rate and emerged to be the most beneficial. A continuous Cr-Re rich layer was observed at the oxide/alloy interface of the Re, Al containing alloy after longer oxidation times, but this layer is not expected to affect the continued growth of the alumina scale.
C1 [Lan, H.; Yang, Z. -G.; Zhang, Y. -D.; Zhang, C.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab New Ceram & Fine Proc, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Hou, P. Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yang, ZG (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab New Ceram & Fine Proc, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM zgyang@tsinghua.edu.cn
FU Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) of Japan
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries (MHI) of Japan.
NR 36
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0030-770X
J9 OXID MET
JI Oxid. Met.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 75
IS 1-2
BP 77
EP 92
DI 10.1007/s11085-010-9221-7
PG 16
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 716QW
UT WOS:000286989600005
ER
PT J
AU Adare, A
Afanasiev, S
Aidala, C
Ajitanand, NN
Akiba, Y
Al-Bataineh, H
Alexander, J
Aoki, K
Aphecetche, L
Armendariz, R
Aronson, SH
Asai, J
Atomssa, ET
Averbeck, R
Awes, TC
Azmoun, B
Babintsev, V
Bai, M
Baksay, G
Baksay, L
Baldisseri, A
Barish, KN
Barnes, PD
Bassalleck, B
Basye, AT
Bathe, S
Batsouli, S
Baublis, V
Baumann, C
Bazilevsky, A
Belikov, S
Bennett, R
Berdnikov, A
Berdnikov, Y
Bickley, AA
Boissevain, JG
Borel, H
Boyle, K
Brooks, ML
Buesching, H
Bumazhnov, V
Bunce, G
Butsyk, S
Camacho, CM
Campbell, S
Chang, BS
Chang, WC
Charvet, JL
Chernichenko, S
Chiba, J
Chi, CY
Chiu, M
Choi, IJ
Choudhury, RK
Chujo, T
Chung, P
Churyn, A
Cianciolo, V
Citron, Z
Cleven, CR
Cole, BA
Comets, MP
Constantin, P
Csanad, M
Csorgo, T
Dahms, T
Dairaku, S
Das, K
David, G
Deaton, MB
Dehmelt, K
Delagrange, H
Denisov, A
d'Enterria, D
Deshpande, A
Desmond, EJ
Dietzsch, O
Dion, A
Donadelli, M
Drapier, O
Drees, A
Drees, KA
Dubey, AK
Durum, A
Dutta, D
Dzhordzhadze, V
Efremenko, YV
Egdemir, J
Ellinghaus, F
Emam, WS
Engelmore, T
Enokizono, A
En'yo, H
Esumi, S
Eyser, KO
Fadem, B
Fields, DE
Finger, M
Finger, M
Fleuret, F
Fokin, SL
Fraenkel, Z
Frantz, JE
Franz, A
Frawley, AD
Fujiwara, K
Fukao, Y
Fusayasu, T
Gadrat, S
Garishvili, I
Glenn, A
Gong, H
Gonin, M
Gosset, J
Goto, Y
de Cassagnac, RG
Grau, N
Greene, SV
Perdekamp, MG
Gunji, T
Gustafsson, HA
Hachiya, T
Henni, AH
Haegemann, C
Haggerty, JS
Hamagaki, H
Han, R
Harada, H
Hartouni, EP
Haruna, K
Haslum, E
Hayano, R
Heffner, M
Hemmick, TK
Hester, T
He, X
Hiejima, H
Hill, JC
Hobbs, R
Hohlmann, M
Holzmann, W
Homma, K
Hong, B
Horaguchi, T
Hornback, D
Huang, S
Ichihara, T
Ichimiya, R
Iinuma, H
Ikeda, Y
Imai, K
Imrek, J
Inaba, M
Inoue, Y
Isenhower, D
Isenhower, L
Ishihara, M
Isobe, T
Issah, M
Isupov, A
Ivanischev, D
Jacak, BV
Jia, J
Jin, J
Jinnouchi, O
Johnson, BM
Joo, KS
Jouan, D
Kajihara, F
Kametani, S
Kamihara, N
Kamin, J
Kaneta, M
Kang, JH
Kanou, H
Kapustinsky, J
Kawall, D
Kazantsev, AV
Kempel, T
Khanzadeev, A
Kijima, KM
Kikuchi, J
Kim, BI
Kim, DH
Kim, DJ
Kim, E
Kim, SH
Kinney, E
Kiriluk, K
Kiss, A
Kistenev, E
Kiyomichi, A
Klay, J
Klein-Boesing, C
Kochenda, L
Kochetkov, V
Komkov, B
Konno, M
Koster, J
Kotchetkov, D
Kozlov, A
Kral, A
Kravitz, A
Kubart, J
Kunde, GJ
Kurihara, N
Kurita, K
Kurosawa, M
Kweon, MJ
Kwon, Y
Kyle, GS
Lacey, R
Lai, YS
Lajoie, JG
Layton, D
Lebedev, A
Lee, DM
Lee, KB
Lee, MK
Lee, T
Leitch, MJ
Leite, MAL
Lenzi, B
Liebing, P
Liska, T
Litvinenko, A
Liu, H
Liu, MX
Li, X
Love, B
Lynch, D
Maguire, CF
Makdisi, YI
Malakhov, A
Malik, MD
Manko, VI
Mannel, E
Mao, Y
Masek, L
Masui, H
Matathias, F
McCumber, M
McGaughey, PL
Means, N
Meredith, B
Miake, Y
Mikes, P
Miki, K
Miller, TE
Milov, A
Mioduszewski, S
Mishra, M
Mitchell, JT
Mitrovski, M
Mohanty, AK
Morino, Y
Morreale, A
Morrison, DP
Moukhanova, TV
Mukhopadhyay, D
Murata, J
Nagamiya, S
Nagata, Y
Nagle, JL
Naglis, M
Nagy, MI
Nakagawa, I
Nakamiya, Y
Nakamura, T
Nakano, K
Newby, J
Nguyen, M
Niita, T
Norman, BE
Nouicer, R
Nyanin, AS
O'Brien, E
Oda, SX
Ogilvie, CA
Ohnishi, H
Okada, K
Oka, M
Omiwade, OO
Onuki, Y
Oskarsson, A
Ouchida, M
Ozawa, K
Pak, R
Pal, D
Palounek, APT
Pantuev, V
Papavassiliou, V
Park, J
Park, WJ
Pate, SF
Pei, H
Peng, JC
Pereira, H
Peresedov, V
Peressounko, DY
Pinkenburg, C
Purschke, ML
Purwar, AK
Qu, H
Rak, J
Rakotozafindrabe, A
Ravinovich, I
Read, KF
Rembeczki, S
Reuter, M
Reygers, K
Riabov, V
Riabov, Y
Roach, D
Roche, G
Rolnick, SD
Romana, A
Rosati, M
Rosendahl, SSE
Rosnet, P
Rukoyatkin, P
Ruzicka, P
Rykov, VL
Sahlmueller, B
Saito, N
Sakaguchi, T
Sakai, S
Sakashita, K
Sakata, H
Samsonov, V
Sato, S
Sato, T
Sawada, S
Sedgwick, K
Seele, J
Seidl, R
Semenov, AY
Semenov, V
Seto, R
Sharma, D
Shein, I
Shevel, A
Shibata, TA
Shigaki, K
Shimomura, M
Shoji, K
Shukla, P
Sickles, A
Silva, CL
Silvermyr, D
Silvestre, C
Sim, KS
Singh, BK
Singh, CP
Singh, V
Skutnik, S
Slunecka, M
Soldatov, A
Soltz, RA
Sondheim, WE
Sorensen, SP
Sourikova, IV
Staley, F
Stankus, PW
Stenlund, E
Stepanov, M
Ster, A
Stoll, SP
Sugitate, T
Suire, C
Sukhanov, A
Sziklai, J
Tabaru, T
Takagi, S
Takagui, EM
Taketani, A
Tanabe, R
Tanaka, Y
Taneja, S
Tanida, K
Tannenbaum, MJ
Taranenko, A
Tarjan, P
Themann, H
Thomas, TL
Togawa, M
Toia, A
Tojo, J
Tomasek, L
Tomita, Y
Torii, H
Towell, RS
Tram, VN
Tserruya, I
Tsuchimoto, Y
Vale, C
Valle, H
van Hecke, HW
Veicht, A
Velkovska, J
Vertesi, R
Vinogradov, AA
Virius, M
Vrba, V
Vznuzdaev, E
Wagner, M
Walker, D
Wang, XR
Watanabe, Y
Wei, F
Wessels, J
White, SN
Winter, D
Woody, CL
Wysocki, M
Xie, W
Yamaguchi, YL
Yamaura, K
Yang, R
Yanovich, A
Yasin, Z
Ying, J
Yokkaichi, S
Young, GR
Younus, I
Yushmanov, IE
Zajc, WA
Zaudtke, O
Zhang, C
Zhou, S
Zimanyi, J
Zolin, L
AF Adare, A.
Afanasiev, S.
Aidala, C.
Ajitanand, N. N.
Akiba, Y.
Al-Bataineh, H.
Alexander, J.
Aoki, K.
Aphecetche, L.
Armendariz, R.
Aronson, S. H.
Asai, J.
Atomssa, E. T.
Averbeck, R.
Awes, T. C.
Azmoun, B.
Babintsev, V.
Bai, M.
Baksay, G.
Baksay, L.
Baldisseri, A.
Barish, K. N.
Barnes, P. D.
Bassalleck, B.
Basye, A. T.
Bathe, S.
Batsouli, S.
Baublis, V.
Baumann, C.
Bazilevsky, A.
Belikov, S.
Bennett, R.
Berdnikov, A.
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Finger, M.
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Stoll, S. P.
Sugitate, T.
Suire, C.
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Takagui, E. M.
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Tanaka, Y.
Taneja, S.
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Taranenko, A.
Tarjan, P.
Themann, H.
Thomas, T. L.
Togawa, M.
Toia, A.
Tojo, J.
Tomasek, L.
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Torii, H.
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Vrba, V.
Vznuzdaev, E.
Wagner, M.
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Wessels, J.
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Winter, D.
Woody, C. L.
Wysocki, M.
Xie, W.
Yamaguchi, Y. L.
Yamaura, K.
Yang, R.
Yanovich, A.
Yasin, Z.
Ying, J.
Yokkaichi, S.
Young, G. R.
Younus, I.
Yushmanov, I. E.
Zajc, W. A.
Zaudtke, O.
Zhang, C.
Zhou, S.
Zimanyi, J.
Zolin, L.
CA PHENIX Collaboration
TI Cross section and double helicity asymmetry for eta mesons and their
comparison to pi(0) production in p plus p collisions at root s=200 GeV
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; DEUTERON; DISTRIBUTIONS; PHYSICS; PROTON
AB Measurements of double-helicity asymmetries in inclusive hadron production in polarized p + p collisions are sensitive to helicity-dependent parton distribution functions, in particular, to the gluon helicity distribution, Delta g. This study focuses on the extraction of the double-helicity asymmetry in eta production ((p) over right arrow + (p) over right arrow -> eta + X), the eta cross section, and the eta/pi(0) cross section ratio. The cross section and ratio measurements provide essential input for the extraction of fragmentation functions that are needed to access the helicity-dependent parton distribution functions.
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RP Adare, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jacak@skipper.physics.sunysb.edu
RI En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI,
HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Sorensen, Soren
/K-1195-2016; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012; Wei,
Feng/F-6808-2012; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014;
Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov,
Vitaliy/E-9584-2017
OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Sorensen, Soren /0000-0002-5595-5643;
Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Taketani,
Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315;
FU Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of
Energy; National Science Foundation; Renaissance Technologies LLC;
Abilene Christian University Research Council; Research Foundation of
SUNY; College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (U.S.);
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology; Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan); Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and Fundacao de Amparo a
Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Brazil); Natural Science Foundation of
China (People's Republic of China); Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sports (Czech Republic); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique;
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Institut National de Physique
Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); Ministry of Industry,
Science, and Tekhnologies; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung;
Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst; Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung
(Germany); Hungarian National Science Fund, OTKA (Hungary); Department
of Atomic Energy (India); Israel Science Foundation (Israel); National
Research Foundation; Ministry Education Science and Technology (Korea);
Ministry of Education and Science, Russia Academy of Sciences; Federal
Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), V R; Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden);
U. S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent
States of the Former Soviet Union; U.S.-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation
for Educational Exchange; U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation
FX We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments
at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX
participating institutions for their vital contributions. We also thank
M. Stratmann and R. Sassot for fruitful discussions. We acknowledge
support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of
the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, a sponsored
research grant from Renaissance Technologies LLC, Abilene Christian
University Research Council, Research Foundation of SUNY, and Dean of
the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (U.S.), Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan), Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and Fundacao de Amparo a
Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Brazil), Natural Science Foundation of
China (People's Republic of China), Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sports (Czech Republic), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, and Institut National de Physique
Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France), Ministry of Industry,
Science, and Tekhnologies, Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung,
Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, and Alexander von Humboldt
Stiftung (Germany), Hungarian National Science Fund, OTKA (Hungary),
Department of Atomic Energy (India), Israel Science Foundation (Israel),
National Research Foundation and WCU program of the Ministry Education
Science and Technology (Korea), Ministry of Education and Science,
Russia Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), V
R. and the Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden), the U. S. Civilian Research
and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former
Soviet Union, the U.S.-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation for Educational
Exchange, and the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation.
NR 34
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 6
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 3
AR 032001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.032001
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 715KL
UT WOS:000286883300002
ER
PT J
AU Aidala, CA
Ellinghaus, F
Sassot, R
Seele, JP
Stratmann, M
AF Aidala, Christine A.
Ellinghaus, Frank
Sassot, Rodolfo
Seele, Joseph P.
Stratmann, Marco
TI Global analysis of fragmentation functions for eta mesons
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID TO-LEADING ORDER; ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION; E+ E-ANNIHILATION;
HADRONIC-Z DECAYS; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; QCD CORRECTIONS; PHOTON
PRODUCTION; PARTON DENSITIES; EVOLUTION; LAMBDA
AB Fragmentation functions for eta mesons are extracted at next-to-leading order accuracy of QCD in a global analysis of data taken in electron-positron annihilation and proton-proton scattering experiments. The obtained parametrization is in good agreement with all data sets analyzed and can be utilized, for instance, in future studies of double-spin asymmetries for single-inclusive eta production. The Lagrange multiplier technique is used to estimate the uncertainties of the fragmentation functions and to assess the role of the different data sets in constraining them.
C1 [Aidala, Christine A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ellinghaus, Frank; Seele, Joseph P.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ellinghaus, Frank] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Sassot, Rodolfo] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, Inst Fis Buenos Aires,CONICET, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Seele, Joseph P.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Stratmann, Marco] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
RP Aidala, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM caidala@bnl.gov; ellingha@uni-mainz.de; sassot@df.uba.ar;
seelej@mit.edu; marco@ribf.riken.jp
FU U. S. Department of Energy for this work through the LANL/LDRD; CONICET;
ANPCyT; UBACyT; BMBF; Helmholtz Foundation; [DE-FG02-04ER41301];
[DE-FG02-94ER40818]
FX We are grateful to David R. Muller for help with the BABAR data. C. A.
A. gratefully acknowledges the support of the U. S. Department of Energy
for this work through the LANL/LDRD Program. The work of F. E. and
J.P.S. was supported by Grants No. DE-FG02-04ER41301 and No.
DE-FG02-94ER40818, respectively. This work was supported in part by
CONICET, ANPCyT, UBACyT, BMBF, and the Helmholtz Foundation.
NR 58
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 3
AR 034002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.034002
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 715KL
UT WOS:000286883300005
ER
PT J
AU Davis, NE
Newman, J
Wheelock, PB
Kronenberg, AK
AF Davis, N. E.
Newman, J.
Wheelock, P. B.
Kronenberg, A. K.
TI Grain growth kinetics of dolomite, magnesite and calcite: a comparative
study
SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain growth; Kinetics; Pinning; Dolomite; Carbonates
ID HOT-PRESSED CALCITE; BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; 2ND-PHASE PARTICLES; DYNAMIC
RECRYSTALLIZATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE DOLOMITE; DISSOLVED MAGNESIUM;
DISLOCATION CREEP; UPPER-MANTLE; FAULT ZONE; DEGREES-C
AB The rates of grain growth of stoichiometric dolomite [CaMg(CO3)(2)] and magnesite (MgCO3) have been measured at temperatures T of 700-800A degrees C at a confining pressure P (c) of 300 MPa, and compared with growth rates of calcite (CaCO3). Dry, fine-grained aggregates of the three carbonates were synthesized from high purity powders by hot isostatic pressing (HIP); initial mean grain sizes of HIP-synthesized carbonates were 1.4, 1.1, and 17 mu m, respectively, for CaMg(CO3)(2), MgCO3, and CaCO3, with porosities of 2, 28, and 0.04% by volume. Grain sizes of all carbonates coarsened during subsequent isostatic annealing, with mean values reaching 3.9, 5.1, and 27 mu m for CaMg(CO3)(2), MgCO3, and CaCO3, respectively, in 1 week. Grain growth of dolomite is much slower than the growth rates of magnesite or calcite; assuming normal grain growth and n = 3 for all three carbonates, the rate constant K for dolomite (a parts per thousand integral 5 x 10(-5) mu m(3)/s) at T = 800A degrees C is less than that for magnesite by a factor of similar to 30 and less than that for calcite by three orders of magnitude. Variations in carbonate grain growth may be affected by differences in cation composition and densities of pores at grain boundaries that decrease grain boundary mobility. However, rates of coarsening correlate best with the extent of solid solution; K is the largest for calcite with extensive Mg substitution for Ca, while K is the smallest for dolomite with negligible solid solution. Secondary phases may nucleate at advancing dolomite grain boundaries, with implications for deformation processes, rheology, and reaction kinetics of carbonates.
C1 [Davis, N. E.; Newman, J.; Kronenberg, A. K.] Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Tectonophys, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Wheelock, P. B.] Iowa State Univ, Mat Preparat Ctr, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Newman, J (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Tectonophys, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM newman@geo.tamu.edu
FU NSF [0116835, 0107078]
FX This study benefited from helpful discussions with Will Lamb, Claudio
Delle Piane, Brian Evans, Jorg Renner, and Caleb Holyoke. The manuscript
benefited from thoughtful and careful reviews by Brian Evans and an
anonymous reviewer. The fine dolomite powder used to fabricate synthetic
dolomite samples was generously provided by the Dolomitwerk Jettenberg
division of Schondorfer GmbH, Germany. Fabrication of carbonate starting
materials by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was accomplished at the
Materials Preparation Center at Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University;
we appreciate the use of these outstanding facilities. Thanks go to E.
Clayton Powell for maintaining the Heard gas apparatus (of the John
Handin Rock Deformation Laboratory) and to Renald (Ray) Guillemette for
assisting with the electron microprobe analyses. Scanning electron
microscopy was carried out in the Microscopy and Imaging Center (MIC) of
Texas A&M University; the SEM acquisition was supported by NSF DBI Grant
#0116835. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation
under NSF EAR Tectonics Grant #0107078; their support is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 76
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0342-1791
EI 1432-2021
J9 PHYS CHEM MINER
JI Phys. Chem. Miner.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 2
BP 123
EP 138
DI 10.1007/s00269-010-0389-9
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy
SC Materials Science; Mineralogy
GA 711YR
UT WOS:000286628700005
ER
PT J
AU Crease, RP
AF Crease, Robert P.
TI Critical Point Creating Gyrangle
SO PHYSICS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Crease, Robert P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
[Crease, Robert P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8585
J9 PHYS WORLD
JI Phys. World
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
BP 19
EP 19
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 724AA
UT WOS:000287547300021
ER
PT J
AU Smith, AM
Adler, FR
McAuley, JL
Gutenkunst, RN
Ribeiro, RM
McCullers, JA
Perelson, AS
AF Smith, Amber M.
Adler, Frederick R.
McAuley, Julie L.
Gutenkunst, Ryan N.
Ribeiro, Ruy M.
McCullers, Jonathan A.
Perelson, Alan S.
TI Effect of 1918 PB1-F2 Expression on Influenza A Virus Infection Kinetics
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VIRAL DYNAMICS; BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; PROTEIN;
PATHOGENESIS; CONTRIBUTES; EFFICACY; SEQUENCE; INSIGHTS; CULTURE
AB Relatively little is known about the viral factors contributing to the lethality of the 1918 pandemic, although its unparalleled virulence was likely due in part to the newly discovered PB1-F2 protein. This protein, while unnecessary for replication, increases apoptosis in monocytes, alters viral polymerase activity in vitro, enhances inflammation and increases secondary pneumonia in vivo. However, the effects the PB1-F2 protein have in vivo remain unclear. To address the mechanisms involved, we intranasally infected groups of mice with either influenza A virus PR8 or a genetically engineered virus that expresses the 1918 PB1-F2 protein on a PR8 background, PR8-PB1-F2(1918). Mice inoculated with PR8 had viral concentrations peaking at 72 hours, while those infected with PR8-PB1-F2(1918) reached peak concentrations earlier, 48 hours. Mice given PR8-PB1-F2(1918) also showed a faster decline in viral loads. We fit a mathematical model to these data to estimate parameter values. The model supports a higher viral production rate per cell and a higher infected cell death rate with the PR8-PB1-F2(1918) virus. We discuss the implications these mechanisms have during an infection with a virus expressing a virulent PB1-F2 on the possibility of a pandemic and on the importance of antiviral treatments.
C1 [Smith, Amber M.; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[McAuley, Julie L.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Gutenkunst, Ryan N.] Univ Arizona, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[McCullers, Jonathan A.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
RP Smith, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM asp@lanl.gov
OI McAuley, Julie/0000-0003-2493-3465; Ribeiro, Ruy/0000-0002-3988-8241
FU National Science Foundation [0354259]; National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases [N01-AI-50020]; University of Utah; James S.
McDonnell Foundation [AI66349]; U.S. Department of Energy; NIH
[N01-AI-50020, RR06555-19, AI28433-20]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 0354259 (AMS), the National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases contract N01-AI-50020 (AMS), the
Modeling the Dynamics of Life Fund at the University of Utah and the
21st Century Science Initiative Grant from the James S. McDonnell
Foundation (FRA), PHS grant AI66349 and ALSAC (JLM, JAM), the U.S.
Department of Energy's LANL/LDRD Program (RMR), and NIH contract
N01-AI-50020 and grants RR06555-19 and AI28433-20 (ASP). The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 50
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 4
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-734X
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001081
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001081
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 726DJ
UT WOS:000287698700016
PM 21379324
ER
PT J
AU Sandh, G
Ran, LA
Xu, LH
Sundqvist, G
Bulone, V
Bergman, B
AF Sandh, Gustaf
Ran, Liang
Xu, Linghua
Sundqvist, Gustav
Bulone, Vincent
Bergman, Birgitta
TI Comparative proteomic profiles of the marine cyanobacterium
Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 under different nitrogen regimes
SO PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Combined nitrogen; Diazocytes; Marine cyanobacteria; Microbiology;
Nitrogen fixation
ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; NONHETEROCYSTOUS CYANOBACTERIUM; NOSTOC SP; SHOTGUN
PROTEOMICS; N-2 FIXATION; DPS PROTEIN; THIEBAUTII; EXPRESSION; CELLS;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB Trichodesmium is a marine filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacterium and an important contributor of "new" nitrogen in the oligotrophic surface waters of the tropical and subtropical oceans. It is unique in that it exclusively fixes N-2 at daytime, although it belongs to the non-heterocystous filamentous segment of the cyanobacterial radiation. Here we present the first quantitative proteomic analysis of Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 when grown under different nitrogen regimes using 2-DE/MALDI-TOF-MS. Addition of combined nitrogen (NO3-) prevented development of the morphological characteristics of the N-2-fixing cell type (diazocytes), inhibited expression of the nitrogenase enzyme subunits and consequently N-2 fixation activity. The diazotrophic regime (N-2 versus NO3- cultures) elicited the differential expression of more than 100 proteins, which represented 13.5% of the separated proteins. Besides proteins directly related to N-2 fixation, proteins involved in the synthesis of reducing equivalents and the generation of a micro-oxic environment were strongly up-regulated, as was in particular Dps, a protein related to iron acquisition and potentially other vital cellular processes. In contrast, proteins involved in the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) cycle, synthesis of amino acids and production of carbon skeletons for storage and synthesis of amino acids were suppressed. The data are discussed in the context of Trichodesmium's unusual N-2-fixing physiology.
C1 [Sandh, Gustaf; Ran, Liang; Xu, Linghua; Bergman, Birgitta] Stockholm Univ, Dept Bot, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sundqvist, Gustav; Bulone, Vincent] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Div Glycosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Sandh, G (reprint author), DOE Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Dr,400 PGF, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
EM gsandh@lbl.gov
RI Bulone, Vincent/D-7469-2013;
OI Sandh, Gustaf/0000-0003-1673-727X
FU Swedish Research Council; Swedish Foundation for International
Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT); SIDA/SAREC; Knut
and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
FX Funding grants (to BB) from the Swedish Research Council, The Swedish
Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher
Education (STINT), the SIDA/SAREC and Knut and Alice Wallenberg
Foundation are gratefully acknowledged. S. Lindwall (Stockholm
University, Sweden) is acknowledged for technical assistance and
Professor S. Nordlund (Stockholm University, Sweden) and Professor E.
Flores (University of Sevilla, Spain) for providing antibodies. The
authors are also grateful to Professor Robert Haselkorn (University of
Chicago, USA) for comments on the manuscript.
NR 50
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1615-9853
EI 1615-9861
J9 PROTEOMICS
JI Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 3
BP 406
EP 419
DI 10.1002/pmic.201000382
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 726JR
UT WOS:000287718000007
PM 21268270
ER
PT J
AU Senevirathna, WU
Zhang, H
Gu, BH
AF Senevirathna, Wasana U.
Zhang, Hong
Gu, Baohua
TI Effect of carboxylic and thiol ligands (oxalate, cysteine) on the
kinetics of desorption of Hg(II) from kaolinite
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Adsorption; Aquatic chemistry; Clay mineral; Low molecular weight (LMW)
organic acids; Particle; Phyllosilicates; Soil; Ternary surface complex
ID SITU ATR-FTIR; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS;
AMINO-ACIDS; SURFACE COMPLEXATION; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; MINERAL SURFACES;
REDUCED SULFUR; ADSORPTION; MERCURY(II)
AB Sorption and desorption of Hg(II) on clay minerals can impact the biogeochemical cycle and bio-uptake of Hg in the environment. We studied the kinetics of the desorption of Hg(II) from kaolinite as affected by oxalate and cysteine, representing the ligands with carboxylic and thiol groups of different affinities for Hg(II). The effects of pH (3, 5, and 7), ligand concentration (0.25 and 1.0 mM), and temperature (15A degrees C, 25A degrees C, and 35A degrees C) on the Hg(II) desorption were investigated through desorption kinetics. Our study showed that the Hg(II) desorption was pH dependent. In the absence of any organic ligand, > 90% of the previously adsorbed Hg(II) desorbed at pH 3 within 2 h, compared to < 10% at pH 7. Similar results were observed in the presence of oxalate, showing that it hardly affected the Hg(II) desorption. Cysteine inhibited the Hg(II) desorption significantly at all the pH tested, especially in the first 80 min with the desorption less than 20%, but the inhibition of the desorption appeared to be less prominent afterwards. The effect of the ligand concentration on the Hg(II) desorption was small, especially in the presence of oxalate. The effect of temperature on the Hg(II) desorption was nearly insignificant. The effect of the organic acids on the Hg(II) sorption and desorption is explained by the formation of the ternary surface complexes involving the mineral, ligand, and Hg(II). The competition for Hg(II) between the cysteine molecules adsorbed on the particle surfaces and in the solution phase probably can also affect the Hg(II) desorption.
C1 [Senevirathna, Wasana U.; Zhang, Hong] Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Management Utilizat & Protect Water Resources, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Senevirathna, Wasana U.; Zhang, Hong] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Management Utilizat & Protect Water Resources, Box 5055, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
EM hzhang@tntech.edu
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Senevirathna, Wasana/C-5781-2015
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental
Research as part of the Science Focus Area at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (ORNL); College of Arts and Sciences at Tennessee Tech
University; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Science
Focus Area at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and by the
Environmental Sciences Ph.D. Program of the College of Arts and Sciences
at Tennessee Tech University. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for DOE
under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The Research Assistantship provided
for Wasana U Senevirathna by the Center for the Management, Utilization,
and Protection of Water Resources of TTU is appreciated. We thank Dr.
Jerry Lin for his advice on the dithizone method for spectrophotometric
analysis of Hg(II). We thank all the reviewers for their suggestions and
comments regarding the revision of the present article.
NR 59
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 215
IS 1-4
BP 573
EP 584
DI 10.1007/s11270-010-0500-3
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA 706CY
UT WOS:000286195800046
ER
PT J
AU Benhassine, M
Saiz, E
Tomsia, AP
De Coninck, J
AF Benhassine, M.
Saiz, E.
Tomsia, A. P.
De Coninck, J.
TI Nonreactive wetting kinetics of binary alloys: A molecular dynamics
study
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE High-temperature spreading; Alloys; Wetting; Liquid metals; Molecular
dynamics
ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; METALS; AG; SIMULATION; SURFACES; SYSTEMS; FILMS;
CU
AB The dynamic wetting of Cu-Ag binary alloys of different concentrations on rigid Ni surfaces is considered via molecular dynamics. The statics of wetting are studied with regard to the alloy concentration. The dynamic data (speed nu, dynamic contact angle theta) are compared to the Molecular-Kinetic model by a fitting procedure. To validate the fittings, the microscopic features of the mechanism are studied. The main parameter of this model (the equilibrium jump frequency K-theta) is calculated independently in the simulation. The two values, fitted and measured, are compatible, which extends the validity of the MKT theory for alloys. We also observe in our simulations Marangoni effects and Ag demixing in the formation of an adsorbed layer. Our results also seem to indicate that there is an optimum Cu-Ag binary alloy concentration for increasing the speed of wetting. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [De Coninck, J.] Univ Mons, Interface & Surface Phys Lab, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
[Benhassine, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Saiz, E.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Adv Struct Ceram, Dept Mat Sci, London, England.
[Tomsia, A. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP De Coninck, J (reprint author), Univ Mons, Interface & Surface Phys Lab, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
EM joel.deconinck@umons.ac.be
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX M.B. is grateful to the F.N.R.S of Belgium under the fonds pour la
Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture. This
work was also supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering,
of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 36
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 1087
EP 1094
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.039
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100023
ER
PT J
AU Meirom, RA
Alsem, DH
Romasco, AL
Clark, T
Polcawich, RG
Pulskamp, JS
Dubey, M
Ritchie, RO
Muhlstein, CL
AF Meirom, Roi A.
Alsem, Daan Hem
Romasco, Amber L.
Clark, Trevor
Polcawich, Ronald G.
Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.
Dubey, Madan
Ritchie, Robert O.
Muhlstein, Christopher L.
TI Fatigue-induced grain coarsening in nanocrystalline platinum films
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatigue; Thin films; Platinum group
ID CRACK-PROPAGATION; METALS; COPPER; BEHAVIOR; MECHANISMS; FRICTION;
TENSILE; DUCTILE
AB Mechanisms to explain the unique mechanical behavior of nanograined metals focus primarily on grain and grain boundary mobility. In most nanograined metal materials systems (both pure and alloyed) it has not been possible to decouple these time- and cycle-dependent contributions. In contrast, the 460 nm thick, (1 1 1) textured, nanograined platinum thin films evaluated in this work have robust grain morphologies that allow us to uniquely identify the fatigue damage accumulation processes. Unlike other reports of face-centered cubic metal behavior, the platinum films exhibited a particularly limited range of fatigue crack growth (<3 MPa root m) with extremely large (similar to 10.5) power law exponents typically associated with fatigue of structural ceramics and ordered intermetallics. Transmission electron microscopy and fatigue crack growth data suggest that the crack growth mechanism appears to be intrinsic in origin and dislocation mediated. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meirom, Roi A.; Romasco, Amber L.; Clark, Trevor; Muhlstein, Christopher L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Meirom, Roi A.; Romasco, Amber L.; Clark, Trevor; Muhlstein, Christopher L.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Alsem, Daan Hem; Dubey, Madan; Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Alsem, Daan Hem] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Polcawich, Ronald G.; Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA.
RP Muhlstein, CL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 202B Steidle Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM clm28@psu.edu
RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008;
OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; Muhlstein,
Christopher/0000-0002-5928-068X
FU CAREER: Education and Research in Nanomaterial Degradation The Road to
Molecular Fatigue Studies; NSF [NSF DMR-0449684]; US Army Research
Office [ARO W911NF-05-1-00640]; Pennsylvania State University Materials
Research Institute NanoFabrication Network; National Science Foundation
[0335765, CMS-0528234]; National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network;
Cornell University; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy
FX Support for RAM and CLM was through "CAREER: Education and Research in
Nanomaterial Degradation The Road to Molecular Fatigue Studies". NSF
CAREER Award (NSF DMR-0449684) and US Army Research Office (ARO
W911NF-05-1-00640, Program manager Dr. Bruce LaMattina). This work was
also supported by the Pennsylvania State University Materials Research
Institute NanoFabrication Network and the National Science Foundation
Cooperative Agreement No. 0335765 under Contract CMS-0528234, National
Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, with Cornell University. Support
for D.H.A. and R.O.R. was from the Director, Office of Science, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank the staff, and are
grateful for the use of the facilities, of the National Center for
Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is
supported by the US Department of Energy under the same contract number.
The authors would like to thank Joel Martin, Brian Power, Prashant
Ranade and Richard Piekarz for their assistance in fabrication of the Pt
specimens.
NR 35
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U1 3
U2 39
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 1141
EP 1149
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.047
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100029
ER
PT J
AU Smrcok, L
Rieder, M
Kolesnikov, AI
Granroth, GE
AF Smrcok, L'ubomir
Rieder, Milan
Kolesnikov, Alexander I.
Granroth, Garrett E.
TI Combined inelastic neutron scattering and solid-state density functional
theory study of dynamics of hydrogen atoms in muscovite 2M(1)
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Inelastic neutron scattering; muscovite; DFT; vibrational spectra;
molecular dynamics
ID TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS;
AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; KAOLINITE-DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE; ULTRASOFT
PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; LAYERED SILICATES; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; IONIC-RADII;
BASIS-SET; COORDINATION
AB Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) was used to study dynamics of the hydrogen atoms in natural 2M(1) muscovite in the 150-1200 cm(-1) energy range. The resultant INS spectra are interpreted by means of solid-state density functional theory calculations covering both normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics. While signatures of the Al-O-H bending modes were found over the whole energy transfer range, the dominant contributions were observed between 800-1000 cm(-1). The modes assigned to the in-plane movements of the respective hydrogen atoms are well defined and always appear at high energies. In contrast, the modes corresponding to the out-of-plane movements are spread over large energy transfer ranges, extending down to the region of external (lattice) modes. The positions of the high-energy modes contributing to the INS band at similar to 907 cm(-1) depend on the distance of respective hydrogen atoms to the nearest oxygen atom of the basal net and its polarity.
C1 [Smrcok, L'ubomir] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Inorgan Chem, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia.
[Rieder, Milan] Tech Univ Ostrava, CPIT, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic.
[Rieder, Milan] Czech Geol Survey, Prague 15200 5, Czech Republic.
[Kolesnikov, Alexander I.; Granroth, Garrett E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Smrcok, L (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Inorgan Chem, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia.
EM uachsmrk@savba.sk
RI Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012
OI Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778; Kolesnikov,
Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Slovak Grant Agency
VEGA [2/0150/09]; Czech Grant Agency [205/08/0122]; Slovak Academy of
Sciences (COMCHEM) [II/1/2007]
FX The work at Spallation Neutron Source was supported by Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. We are
thankful to T.E. Sherline for assistance with the INS experiments
conducted at the SNS. L.S. acknowledges the financial support of the
Slovak Grant Agency VEGA under the contract 2/0150/09, M.R. a partial
support by grant no. 205/08/0122 from the Czech Grant Agency. This work
has also benefited from the Centers of Excellence program of the Slovak
Academy of Sciences (COMCHEM, Contract no. II/1/2007).
NR 51
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PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 2-3
BP 301
EP 307
DI 10.2138/am.2011.3618
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 721EK
UT WOS:000287336200009
ER
PT J
AU Byrne, SL
Foito, A
Hedley, PE
Morris, JA
Stewart, D
Barth, S
AF Byrne, Stephen L.
Foito, Alexandre
Hedley, Pete E.
Morris, Jenny A.
Stewart, Derek
Barth, Susanne
TI Early response mechanisms of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) to
phosphorus deficiency
SO ANNALS OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lolium perenne; perennial ryegrass; phosphorus deficiency; metabolic
profiling; transcript profiling; cross species hybridization
ID PHOSPHATE-STARVATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS;
METABOLIC-CHANGES; SUSPENSION CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY DATA;
WHITE LUPIN; GLYCINE-MAX; PLANTS
AB Background and Aims Improving phosphorus (P) nutrient efficiency in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) is likely to result in considerable economic and ecological benefits. To date, research into the molecular and biochemical response of perennial ryegrass to P deficiency has been limited, particularly in relation to the early response mechanisms. This study aimed to identify molecular mechanisms activated in response to the initial stages of P deficiency.
Methods A barley microarray was successfully used to study gene expression in perennial ryegrass and this was complemented with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolic profiling to obtain an overview of the plant response to early stages of P deficiency.
Key Results After 24 h of P deficiency, internal phosphate concentrations were reduced and significant alterations were detected in the metabolome and transcriptome of two perennial ryegrass genotypes. Results indicated a replacement of phospholipids with sulfolipids and the utilization of glycolytic bypasses in response to P deficiency in perennial ryegrass.
Conclusions The transcriptome and metabolome of perennial ryegrass undergo changes in response to reductions in P supply after 24 h.
C1 [Byrne, Stephen L.; Foito, Alexandre; Barth, Susanne] Teagasc Crops, Environm & Land Use Programme, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland.
[Hedley, Pete E.; Morris, Jenny A.] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Genet Programme, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland.
RP Barth, S (reprint author), Teagasc Crops, Environm & Land Use Programme, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland.
EM susanne.barth@teagasc.ie
RI Hedley, Peter/F-1149-2011; Barth, Susanne/P-3366-2014;
OI Barth, Susanne/0000-0002-4104-5964; Byrne, Stephen/0000-0002-1179-2272
FU Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food [RSF 06-346];
Scottish Government Rural and Environment Research and Analysis
Directorate
FX We thank Tom Shepherd (Scottish Crop Research Institute) for expert
technical assistance. This study was financed by the Irish Department of
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food under the Stimulus programme (RSF
06-346; S. L. B., A. F. and S. B.). D. S., P. H. and J.M. acknowledge
support from the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Research and
Analysis Directorate.
NR 61
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U1 2
U2 24
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-7364
J9 ANN BOT-LONDON
JI Ann. Bot.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 2
BP 243
EP 254
DI 10.1093/aob/mcq234
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 712NC
UT WOS:000286672500006
PM 21148585
ER
PT J
AU Dieckmann, J
Brodrick, J
AF Dieckmann, John
Brodrick, James
TI AC Capacity Modulation
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA.
RP Dieckmann, J (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
BP 70
EP +
PG 3
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 721GS
UT WOS:000287342200024
ER
PT J
AU Mills, E
AF Mills, Evan
TI Capturing the Potential
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mills, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU California Energy Commission U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was sponsored by the California Energy Commission, Public
Interest Energy Research Program, through the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
BP 86
EP +
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 721GS
UT WOS:000287342200025
ER
PT J
AU Garan, SA
Freitag, W
Siddiqui, M
Siddiqui, A
AF Garan, S. A.
Freitag, W.
Siddiqui, M.
Siddiqui, A.
TI Visualizing hypothalamic interactions with anatomic, mechanistic and
pathway hierarchies that regulate the aging process
SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 10th International Symposium on the Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology
of Aging
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Bregenz, AUSTRIA
C1 [Garan, S. A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Garan, S. A.; Freitag, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Res & Educ Aging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Siddiqui, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Siddiqui, M.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0531-5565
J9 EXP GERONTOL
JI Exp. Gerontol.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 209
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.exger.2010.11.017
PG 2
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology
GA 720OQ
UT WOS:000287290400031
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, AP
Pratt, LM
Vishnivetskaya, T
Pfiffner, S
Bryan, RA
Dadachova, E
Whyte, L
Radtke, K
Chan, E
Tronick, S
Borgonie, G
Mancinelli, RL
Rothschild, LJ
Rogoff, DA
Horikawa, DD
Onstott, TC
AF Johnson, A. P.
Pratt, L. M.
Vishnivetskaya, T.
Pfiffner, S.
Bryan, R. A.
Dadachova, E.
Whyte, L.
Radtke, K.
Chan, E.
Tronick, S.
Borgonie, G.
Mancinelli, R. L.
Rothschild, L. J.
Rogoff, D. A.
Horikawa, D. D.
Onstott, T. C.
TI Extended survival of several organisms and amino acids under simulated
martian surface conditions
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Exobiology; Mars; Regoliths; Search for extraterrestrial life;
Photochemistry
ID X-RAY SPECTROMETER; SIBERIAN PERMAFROST; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION;
MERIDIANI-PLANUM; EARLY MARS; METHANOGENIC ARCHAEA; SPACECRAFT SURFACES;
BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; UV-IRRADIATION
AB Recent orbital and landed missions have provided substantial evidence for ancient liquid water on the martian surface as well as evidence of more recent sedimentary deposits formed by water and/or ice. These observations raise serious questions regarding an independent origin and evolution of life on Mars. Future missions seek to identify signs of extinct martian biota in the form of biomarkers or morphological characteristics, but the inherent danger of spacecraft-borne terrestrial life makes the possibility of forward contamination a serious threat not only to the life detection experiments, but also to any extant martian ecosystem. A variety of cold and desiccation-tolerant organisms were exposed to 40 days of simulated martian surface conditions while embedded within several centimeters of regolith simulant in order to ascertain the plausibility of such organisms survival as a function of environmental parameters and burial depth. Relevant amino acid biomarkers associated with terrestrial life were also analyzed in order to understand the feasibility of detecting chemical evidence for previous biological activity. Results indicate that stresses due to desiccation and oxidation were the primary deterrent to organism survival, and that the effects of UV-associated damage, diurnal temperature variations, and reactive atmospheric species were minimal. Organisms with resistance to desiccation and radiation environments showed increased levels of survival after the experiment compared to organisms characterized as psychrotolerant. Amino acid analysis indicated the presence of an oxidation mechanism that migrated downward through the samples during the course of the experiment and likely represents the formation of various oxidizing species at mineral surfaces as water vapor diffused through the regolith. Current sterilization protocols may specifically select for organisms best adapted to survival at the martian surface, namely species that show tolerance to radical-induced oxidative damage and low water activity environments. Additionally, any hypothetical martian ecosystems may have evolved similar physiological traits that allow sporadic metabolism during periods of increased water activity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Johnson, A. P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Pratt, L. M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Vishnivetskaya, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pfiffner, S.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Dadachova, E.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Nucl Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
[Whyte, L.; Radtke, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Quebec City, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
[Chan, E.; Tronick, S.; Onstott, T. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Borgonie, G.] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Nematol Sect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Mancinelli, R. L.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Rogoff, D. A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, BAER Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Johnson, AP (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, 1001 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM adpjohns@indiana.edu; prattl@indiana.edu; vishnivetsta@ornl.gov;
pfiffner@utk.edu; rbryan@aecom.yu.edu;
ekaterina.dadachova@einstein.yu.edu; lyle.whyte@mcgill.ca;
kristin.radtke@mail.mcgill.ca; eric.chan@tamu.edu;
shannon.tronick@gmail.com; GBorgonie@gmail.com;
rocco.l.mancinelli@nasa.gov; lynn.j.rothschild@nasa.gov;
Dana.A.Rogoff@nasa.gov; horikawadd@gmail.com; tullis@princeton.edu
RI Dadachova, Ekaterina/I-7838-2013; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/A-4488-2008;
Mancinelli, Rocco/L-8971-2016
OI Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/0000-0002-0660-023X;
FU NASA Astrobiology Institute [NNA04CC03A S000018]; Indiana University
[2004 2058-000]
FX Special thanks to Dr. Paul Todd and Mr. Michael (Andy) Kurk of Tech Shot
Laboratories, Greenville, IN, for their help in setup, running and
sampling within the Mars Environmental Chamber. Additional thanks go to
Dr. Christine Shriner, Indiana University Department of Geological
Sciences, for her help in determining particle size distribution of the
I-MAR regolith. A large thank you goes to Dr. James Brophy, Indiana
University Department of Geological Sciences, for his help in obtaining
samples of the Collier Cone basalt and electron microprobe analysis of
the final elemental composition of the I-MAR regolith. Thanks to Dr.
Daniel P. Glavin and an unknown reviewer for their valuable insight and
comments on this manuscript while in review. This work was funded by the
NASA Astrobiology Institute Grant NNA04CC03A S000018. Tuition, fees, and
stipend support for Adam Johnson was provided by the Indiana University
Lily Metacyt Endowment Grant #2004 2058-000.
NR 116
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U1 4
U2 31
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 211
IS 2
BP 1162
EP 1178
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.011
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 715TE
UT WOS:000286909700018
ER
PT J
AU Li, JJ
Harms, ER
Hocker, A
Khabiboulline, TN
Solyak, N
Wong, TTY
AF Li, Jianjian
Harms, Elvin R., Jr.
Hocker, Andy
Khabiboulline, Timergali N.
Solyak, Nikolay
Wong, Thomas T. Y.
TI Development and Integration Testing of a Power Coupler for a 3.9-GHz
Superconducting Multicell Cavity Resonator
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cavity resonator; coupler; superconductor
ID COAXIAL LINE; CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDE; INPUT IMPEDANCE; PROBE
AB A coaxial power coupler for a superconducting multicell cavity resonator at 3.9 GHz has been developed. The cavity is intended to be employed as an accelerator to provide enhanced electron beam quality in a free-electron laser. Due to cryogenic high-vacuum and high-power requirements, special provisions for two windows and two bellows were implemented. A simulation tool was employed to optimize the coupler structure for low reflection of incident power and dissipation while restraining the field at critical locations to prevent material breakdown. The procedures for testing the coupler on its own and integrated with the superconducting cavity are described, and the measurement results are presented. The coupler-cavity assembly was tested to exceed the requirement of 9.3-kW input power and axial field intensity of 14.5 MV/m in the cavity. Coupler return and insertion losses were estimated to be 21 and 0.2 dB, respectively.
C1 [Li, Jianjian] Motorola Inc, Chicago, IL 60601 USA.
[Harms, Elvin R., Jr.; Hocker, Andy; Khabiboulline, Timergali N.; Solyak, Nikolay] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Wong, Thomas T. Y.] IIT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Li, JJ (reprint author), Motorola Inc, Chicago, IL 60601 USA.
EM twong@ece.iit.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC0276CH00300]
FX Manuscript received March 31, 2010; revised September 21, 2010; accepted
October 17, 2010. Date of publication December 3, 2010; date of current
version January 28, 2011. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor
J. Mazierska. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract DEAC0276CH00300.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1051-8223
J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON
JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 1
BP 21
EP 26
DI 10.1109/TASC.2010.2089683
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 712PF
UT WOS:000286678000003
ER
PT J
AU Jiao, DA
Leung, K
Rempe, SB
Nenoff, TM
AF Jiao, Dian
Leung, Kevin
Rempe, Susan B.
Nenoff, Tina M.
TI First Principles Calculations of Atomic Nickel Redox Potentials and
Dimerization Free Energies: A Study of Metal Nanoparticle Growth
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LIQUID-VAPOR
INTERFACE; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; BASIS-SET LIMIT; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION;
IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES
AB The redox potentials and dimerization free energies of transient transition metal cations in water shed light on the reactivity of species with unusual charge states and are particularly pertinent to understanding the mechanism and feasibility of radiolysis-assisted metal nanoparticle growth from salt solutions. A combination of quasi-chemical theory and ab initio molecular dynamics thermodynamic integration methods are applied to calculate these properties for nickel. The reduction potential for Ni2+ (aq) is predicted to be between -1.05 to -1.28 V, which is substantially lower than previous estimates. This suggests that Ni2+ reduction may possibly occur in the presence of organic radical anion electron scavengers and hydrogen atoms, not just hydrated electrons. In contrast, Ni+ is found to be stable against disproportionation. The formation of dimers Ni-2 and Ni-2(+) from Ni and Ni+ are predicted to be favorable in water.
C1 [Leung, Kevin; Nenoff, Tina M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Jiao, Dian; Rempe, Susan B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Nanobiol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Leung, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM kleung@sandia.gov; slrempe@sandia.gov
RI Jiao, Dian/E-5814-2011; Jiao, Dian/F-4337-2011; Rempe, Susan/H-1979-2011
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia's LDRD program
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000, by Sandia's LDRD program. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 123
TC 14
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U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 485
EP 495
DI 10.1021/ct100431m
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 717MA
UT WOS:000287049200022
PM 26596168
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YQ
Ragusa, JC
AF Wang, Yaqi
Ragusa, Jean C.
TI Standard and goal-oriented adaptive mesh refinement applied to radiation
transport on 2D unstructured triangular meshes
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive mesh refinement; Goal-oriented mesh refinement; Error
estimates; Radiation transport; Discontinuous finite element techniques;
Discrete ordinates method
ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; MULTIGROUP DIFFUSION-EQUATIONS;
DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; NEUTRON-TRANSPORT; HEAT-TRANSFER; SCHEME; AMR;
ALGORITHM; CONVERGENCE
AB Standard and goal-oriented adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) techniques are presented for the linear Boltzmann transport equation. A posteriori error estimates are employed to drive the AMR process and are based on angular-moment information rather than on directional information, leading to direction-independent adapted meshes. An error estimate based on a two-mesh approach and a jump-based error indicator are compared for various test problems. In addition to the standard AMR approach, where the global error in the solution is diminished, a goal-oriented AMR procedure is devised and aims at reducing the error in user-specified quantities of interest. The quantities of interest are functionals of the solution and may include, for instance, point-wise flux values or average reaction rates in a subdomain. A high-order (up to order 4) Discontinuous Galerkin technique with standard upwinding is employed for the spatial discretization; the discrete ordinates method is used to treat the angular variable. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ragusa, Jean C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Wang, Yaqi] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Ragusa, JC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM yaqi.wang@inl.gov; ragusa@ne.tamu.edu
NR 53
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
EI 1090-2716
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 230
IS 3
BP 763
EP 788
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2010.10.018
PG 26
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 699ZK
UT WOS:000285701700016
ER
PT J
AU Cordaro, JG
Rubin, NC
Bradshaw, RW
AF Cordaro, Joseph G.
Rubin, Nicholas C.
Bradshaw, Robert W.
TI Multicomponent Molten Salt Mixtures Based on Nitrate/Nitrite Anions
SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE molten salts; heat transfer fluids; nitrate; nitrite; concentrated solar
power
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; NITRATE
AB Molten salts are a promising medium for thermal energy transfer and storage. They have a very low vapor pressure and most are unreactive in air. Over the past 3 decades, Sandia National Laboratories has investigated a variety of molten salt mixtures of alkali nitrates and, most recently, quaternary mixtures of sodium, calcium, lithium, and potassium nitrate salts. This effort led to the discovery of mixtures with liquidus temperatures below 100 degrees C. We have now extended this work to the mixed nitrate/nitrite anion system and found compositions with liquidus temperatures below 80 degrees C. In this paper, we present experimental results exploring the lithium, sodium, and potassium compositional space with a 1: 1 molar mixture of nitrate/nitrite. From our work, we have identified a five-component system with a liquidus temperature near 70 degrees C. Physical properties of these salts, such as viscosity and density, are reported as well as thermal stability in air. Such a molten salt mixture, with a low liquidus temperature, has the potential to make parabolic trough collectors economically competitive with traditional power generation schemes. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003418]
C1 [Cordaro, Joseph G.; Rubin, Nicholas C.; Bradshaw, Robert W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Cordaro, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS-9403, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM jgcorda@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin company, for the United States
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors
thank Bryan M. Wong for Fig. 1.
NR 17
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 43
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0199-6231
J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME
JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 1
AR 011014
DI 10.1115/1.4003418
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 721BL
UT WOS:000287326300014
ER
PT J
AU Quinnell, JA
Davidson, JH
Burch, J
AF Quinnell, Josh A.
Davidson, Jane H.
Burch, Jay
TI Liquid Calcium Chloride Solar Storage: Concept and Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM; LITHIUM; HEAT
AB Aqueous calcium chloride has a number of potential advantages as a compact and long-term solar storage medium compared with sensibly heated water. The combination of sensible and chemical binding energy of the liquid desiccant provides higher energy densities and lower thermal losses, as well as a temperature lift during discharge via an absorption heat pump. Calcium chloride is an excellent choice among desiccant materials because it is relatively inexpensive, nontoxic, and environmentally safe. This paper provides an overview of its application for solar storage and presents a novel concept for storing the liquid desiccant in a single storage vessel. The storage system uses an internal heat exchanger to add and discharge thermal energy and to help manage the mass, momentum, and energy transfer in the tank. The feasibility of the proposed concept is demonstrated via a computational fluid dynamic study of heat and mass transfer in the system over a range of Rayleigh, Lewis, Prandtl, and buoyancy ratio numbers expected in practice. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003292]
C1 [Quinnell, Josh A.; Davidson, Jane H.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Burch, Jay] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Quinnell, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM quinnell@me.umn.edu; jhd@me.umn.edu; jay_burch@nrel.gov
FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy
[NXL-9-88322-01]; University of Minnesota Initiative for Renewable
Energy and the Environment
FX This study was supported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory,
U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. NXL-9-88322-01, and the
University of Minnesota Initiative for Renewable Energy and the
Environment. Computational resources were provided by the University of
Minnesota Supercomputing Institute.
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 13
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0199-6231
J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME
JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 1
AR 011010
DI 10.1115/1.4003292
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 721BL
UT WOS:000287326300010
ER
PT J
AU Duan, YH
Zhang, B
Sorescu, DC
Johnson, JK
AF Duan, Yuhua
Zhang, Bo
Sorescu, Dan C.
Johnson, J. Karl
TI CO2 capture properties of M-C-O-H (M=Li, Na, K) systems: A combined
density functional theory and lattice phonon dynamics study
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2 capture; Density functional theory; Lattice phonon dynamics;
Thermodynamics
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES DETERMINATION;
NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; POTASSIUM;
SORPTION; SORBENTS; GAS
AB We have computed the phase diagrams for multi-component M-C-O-H (M=Li, Na, K) systems using first-principles density functional theory complemented with lattice phonon calculations. We have identified all CO2 capture reactions that lie on the Gibbs free energy convex hull as a function of temperature and the partial pressures of CO2 and H2O. Our predicted phase diagrams for CO2 capture reactions are in qualitative and in some instances quantitative agreement with experimental data. The Na2CO3/NaHCO3 and K2CO3/KHCO3 systems were found to be the most promising candidates of all those we investigated for both pre- and post-combustion CO2 capture. Overall, we show that our calculation approach can be used to screen promising materials for CO2 capture under different conditions of temperature and pressure. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Duan, Yuhua; Zhang, Bo; Sorescu, Dan C.; Johnson, J. Karl] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Zhang, Bo; Johnson, J. Karl] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP Duan, YH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM yuhua.duan@netl.doe.gov
RI Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011; Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013;
OI Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142; Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003;
Zhang, Bo/0000-0001-6184-3130
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's Office of Research and
Development [DE-FE-0004000, 4000.2.660.241.001]
FX This work was performed in support of the National Energy Technology
Laboratory's Office of Research and Development under contract number
DE-FE-0004000 with activity number 4000.2.660.241.001. One of us (YD)
thanks Drs. S. Chen, Y. Soong, H. W. Pennline, and R. Siriwardane for
fruitful discussions.
NR 57
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Z9 29
U1 3
U2 32
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 184
IS 2
BP 304
EP 311
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.12.005
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 720GN
UT WOS:000287268900011
ER
PT J
AU Hunter, RB
Collett, TS
Boswell, R
Anderson, BJ
Digert, SA
Pospisil, G
Baker, R
Weeks, M
AF Hunter, Robert B.
Collett, Timothy S.
Boswell, Ray
Anderson, Brian J.
Digert, Scott A.
Pospisil, Gordon
Baker, Richard
Weeks, Micaela
TI Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope:
Overview of scientific and technical program
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Gas hydrate; Prudhoe Bay; Mount Elbert test well; Milne Point;
Production test
ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SEDIMENTS; UNCERTAINTIES; GEOCHEMISTRY; PROSPECT;
HISTORY; LOG
AB The Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was drilled within the Alaska North Slope (ANS) Milne Point Unit (MPU) from February 3 to 19, 2007. The well was conducted as part of a Cooperative Research Agreement (CRA) project co-sponsored since 2001 by BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. (BPXA) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to help determine whether ANS gas hydrate can become a technically and commercially viable gas resource. Early in the effort, regional reservoir characterization and reservoir simulation modeling studies indicated that up to 0.34 trillion cubic meters (tcm; 12 trillion cubic feet, tcf) gas may be technically recoverable from 0.92 tcm (33 tcf) gas-in-place within the Eileen gas hydrate accumulation near industry infrastructure within ANS MPU, Prudhoe Bay Unit (PBU), and Kuparuk River Unit (KRU) areas. To further constrain these estimates and to enable the selection of a test site for further data acquisition. the USGS reprocessed and interpreted MPU 3D seismic data provided by BPXA to delineate 14 prospects containing significant highly-saturated gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs. The "Mount Elbert" site was selected to drill a stratigraphic test well to acquire a full suite of wireline log, core, and formation pressure test data. Drilling results and data interpretation confirmed pre-drill predictions and thus increased confidence in both the prospect interpretation methods and in the wider ANS gas hydrate resource estimates. The interpreted data from the Mount Elbert well provide insight into and reduce uncertainty of key gas hydrate-bearing reservoir properties, enable further refinement and validation of the numerical simulation of the production potential of both MPU and broader ANS gas hydrate resources, and help determine viability of potential field sites for future extended term production testing. Drilling and data acquisition operations demonstrated that gas hydrate scientific research programs can be safely, effectively, and efficiently conducted within ANS infrastructure. The program success resulted in a technical team recommendation to project management to drill and complete a long-term production test within the area of existing ANS infrastructure. If approved by stakeholders, this long-term test would build on prior arctic research efforts to better constrain the potential gas rates and volumes that could be produced from gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hunter, Robert B.] ASRC Energy Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Boswell, Ray; Anderson, Brian J.; Baker, Richard] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Anderson, Brian J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Digert, Scott A.; Pospisil, Gordon; Weeks, Micaela] BP Explorat Alaska Inc, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
RP Hunter, RB (reprint author), ASRC Energy Serv, 3900 C St,Suite 702, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM robert.hunter@asrcenergy.com
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
NR 43
TC 47
Z9 51
U1 4
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 295
EP 310
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.015
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500002
ER
PT J
AU Torres, ME
Collett, TS
Rose, KK
Sample, JC
Agena, WF
Rosenbaum, EJ
AF Torres, M. E.
Collett, T. S.
Rose, K. K.
Sample, J. C.
Agena, W. F.
Rosenbaum, E. J.
TI Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic
Test Well, Alaska North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Mt Elbert Well; Pore water; Water isotopes; Permafrost
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; WATER; CASCADIA; RIDGE; FLOW; ICE
AB The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was drilled and cored from 606.5 to 760.1 m on the North Slope of Alaska, to evaluate the occurrence, distribution and formation of gas hydrate in sediments below the base of the ice-bearing permafrost. Both the dissolved chloride and the isotopic composition of the water co-vary in the gas hydrate-bearing zones, consistent with gas hydrate dissociation during core recovery, and they provide independent indicators to constrain the zone of gas hydrate occurrence. Analyses of chloride and water isotope data indicate that an observed increase in salinity towards the top of the cored section reflects the presence of residual fluids from ion exclusion during ice formation at the base of the permafrost layer. These salinity changes are the main factor controlling major and minor ion distributions in the Mount Elbert Well. The resulting background chloride can be simulated with a one-dimensional diffusion model, and the results suggest that the ion exclusion at the top of the cored section reflects deepening of the permafrost layer following the last glaciation (similar to 100 kyr), consistent with published thermal models. Gas hydrate saturation values estimated from dissolved chloride agree with estimates based on logging data when the gas hydrate occupies more than 20% of the pore space; the correlation is less robust at lower saturation values. The highest gas hydrate concentrations at the Mount Elbert Well are clearly associated with coarse-grained sedimentary sections, as expected from theoretical calculations and field observations in marine and other arctic sediment cores. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Torres, M. E.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Collett, T. S.; Agena, W. F.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rose, K. K.; Rosenbaum, E. J.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Sample, J. C.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Torres, ME (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 104 COAS Adm Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM mtorres@coas.oregonstate.edu
RI Sample, Jane/H-4459-2014; Sample, James/A-9622-2015
OI Sample, Jane/0000-0002-8783-3229;
FU US Department of Energy (DOE); BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc (BPXA)
FX The pore water geochemistry work was funded by a cooperative agreement
between the US Department of Energy (DOE) and BP Exploration (Alaska)
Inc (BPXA), via a contract to M. Torres. We want to acknowledge the US
Geological Survey for additional support, field work planning and
background resources. We thank the drillers and staff at the well site
for their efforts in obtaining high quality cores and providing
logistical support during the field program. Bobbi Conard and Margaret
Sparrow are thanked for their analytical contributions. The manuscript
benefited from helpful reviews by Jerry Dickens and George Claypool, and
from editorial handling by Ray Boswell.
NR 47
TC 18
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U1 2
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 332
EP 342
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500004
ER
PT J
AU Kneafsey, TJ
Lu, HL
Winters, W
Boswell, R
Hunter, R
Collett, TS
AF Kneafsey, Timothy J.
Lu, Hailong
Winters, William
Boswell, Ray
Hunter, Robert
Collett, Timothy S.
TI Examination of core samples from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate
Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Effects of retrieval and
preservation
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Core handling; Core disturbance; Dissociation; Thermal
processes
ID METHANE HYDRATE; GEOCHEMISTRY; SEDIMENT
AB Collecting and preserving undamaged core samples containing gas hydrates from depth is difficult because of the pressure and temperature changes encountered upon retrieval. Hydrate-bearing core samples were collected at the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well in February 2007. Coring was performed while using a custom oil-based drilling mud, and the cores were retrieved by a wireline. The samples were characterized and subsampled at the surface under ambient winter arctic conditions. Samples thought to be hydrate bearing were preserved either by immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN), or by storage under methane pressure at ambient arctic conditions, and later depressurized and immersed in LN. Eleven core samples from hydrate-bearing zones were scanned using x-ray computed tomography to examine core structure and homogeneity. Features observed include radial fractures, spalling-type fractures, and reduced density near the periphery. These features were induced during sample collection, handling, and preservation. Isotopic analysis of the methane from hydrate in an initially LN-preserved core and a pressure-preserved core indicate that secondary hydrate formation occurred throughout the pressurized core, whereas none occurred in the LN-preserved core, however no hydrate was found near the periphery of the LN-preserved core. To replicate some aspects of the preservation methods, natural and laboratory-made saturated porous media samples were frozen in a variety of ways, with radial fractures observed in some LN-frozen sands, and needle-like ice crystals forming in slowly frozen clay-rich sediments. Suggestions for hydrate-bearing core preservation are presented. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kneafsey, Timothy J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lu, Hailong] Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Winters, William] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kneafsey, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tjkneafsey@lbl.gov
RI Kneafsey, Timothy/H-7412-2014;
OI Kneafsey, Timothy/0000-0002-3926-8587; Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
FU Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through the National
Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors wish first to acknowledge the many people whose diligent
efforts made it possible to collect the samples discussed in this paper.
A portion of this work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for
Fossil Energy, Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through
the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. DOE Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 19
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 381
EP 393
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.009
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500007
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, B
Hancock, S
Wilson, S
Enger, C
Collett, T
Boswell, R
Hunter, R
AF Anderson, Brian
Hancock, Steve
Wilson, Scott
Enger, Christopher
Collett, Timothy
Boswell, Ray
Hunter, Robert
TI Formation pressure testing at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic
Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Operational summary, history matching,
and interpretations
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrates; Reservoir simulations; Production modeling; Porous media;
Modular dynamics testing
AB In February 2007, the U.S. Department of Energy, BP Exploration (Alaska), and the U.S. Geological Survey, collected open-hole pressure-response data, as well as gas and water sample collection, in a gas hydrate reservoir (the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well) using Schlumberger's Modular Dynamics Formation Tester (MDT) wireline tool. Four such MDT tests, ranging from six to twelve hours duration, and including a series of flow, sampling, and shut-in periods of various durations, were conducted. Locations for the testing were selected based on NMR and other log data to assure sufficient isolation from reservoir boundaries and zones of excess free water. Test stages in which pressure was reduced sufficiently to mobilize free water in the formation (yet not cause gas hydrate dissociation) produced readily interpretable pressure build-up profiles. Build-ups following larger drawdowns consistently showed gas-hydrate dissociation and gas release (as confirmed by optical fluid analyzer data), as well as progressive dampening of reservoir pressure build-up during sequential tests at a given MDT test station.
History matches of one multi-stage, 12-h test (the C2 test) were accomplished using five different reservoir simulators: CMG-STARS, HydrateResSim, MH21-HYDRES, STOMP-HYD, and TOUGH + HYDRATE. Simulations utilized detailed information collected across the reservoir either obtained or determined from geophysical well logs, including thickness (11.3 m, 37 ft.), porosity (35%), hydrate saturation (65%), both mobile and immobile water saturations, intrinsic permeability (1000 mD), pore water salinity (5 ppt), and formation temperature (3.3-3.9 degrees C). This paper will present the approach and preliminary results of the history-matching efforts, including estimates of initial formation permeability and analyses of the various unique features exhibited by the MDT results. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, Brian] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Anderson, Brian; Boswell, Ray] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Hancock, Steve] RPS Energy Canada, Calgary, AB T2P 3T6, Canada.
[Wilson, Scott] Ryder Scott Co, Petr Consultants, Denver, CO 80293 USA.
[Enger, Christopher] Colorado Sch Mines, Rock Mech Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Collett, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hunter, Robert] ASRC Energy Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Anderson, B (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM brian.anderson@mail.wvu.edu
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy;
U.S. Geological Survey; Japan MH-21 project; BP Exploration (Alaska)
FX The authors would like to thank the National Energy Technology
Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Japan MH-21 project, and BP Exploration (Alaska) for supporting this
effort. We would also like to acknowledge the Mount Elbert science party
for sharing the data obtained at Mount Elbert for use in our
history-matching and production simulations. Finally, the authors would
like to thank Michael Batzle for his supervision of the experimental
simulation and Marisa Rydzy for the original experimental apparatus.
NR 18
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U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 478
EP 492
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.012
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500016
ER
PT J
AU White, MD
Wurstner, SK
McGrail, BP
AF White, M. D.
Wurstner, S. K.
McGrail, B. P.
TI Numerical studies of methane production from Class 1 gas hydrate
accumulations enhanced with carbon dioxide injection
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Mixed gas hydrate; Natural gas hydrate; Numerical
simulation; Depressurization; CO2 exchange; Class 1 hydrate deposit;
Class 1 hydrate accumulation; Permafrost
ID ALASKA NORTH SLOPE; STRATIGRAPHIC TEST WELL; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA;
HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; SYSTEM; EXPLOITATION; TEMPERATURE; PRESSURES;
EQUATION; STATE
AB Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations are characterized by a permeable hydrate-bearing interval overlying a permeable interval with mobile gas, sandwiched between two impermeable intervals. Depressurization-induced dissociation is currently the favored technology for producing gas from Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations. The depressurization production technology requires heat transfer from the surrounding environment to sustain dissociation as the temperature drops toward the hydrate equilibrium point and leaves the reservoir void of gas hydrate. Production of gas hydrate accumulations by exchanging carbon dioxide with methane in the clathrate structure has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments and proposed as a field-scale technology. The carbon dioxide exchange technology has the potential for yielding higher production rates and mechanically stabilizing the reservoir by maintaining hydrate saturations. We used numerical simulation to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of using carbon dioxide injection to enhance the production of methane from Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations. Numerical simulations in this study were primarily concerned with the mechanisms and approaches of carbon dioxide injection to investigate whether methane production could be enhanced through this approach. To avoid excessive simulation execution times, a five-spot well pattern with a 500-m well spacing was approximated using a two-dimensional domain having well boundaries on the vertical sides and impermeable boundaries on the horizontal sides. Impermeable over- and under burden were included to account for heat transfer into the production interval. Simulation results indicate that low injection pressures can be used to reduce secondary hydrate formation and that direct contact of injected carbon dioxide with the methane hydrate present in the formation is limited due to bypass through the higher permeability gas zone. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [White, M. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Wurstner, S. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Characterizat & Risk Assessment Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[McGrail, B. P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Geol & Geochem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP White, MD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999,MSIN K9-33, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mark.white@pnl.gov
NR 34
TC 15
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 546
EP 560
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.008
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500021
ER
PT J
AU Collett, TS
Lewis, RE
Winters, WJ
Lee, MW
Rose, KK
Boswell, RM
AF Collett, T. S.
Lewis, R. E.
Winters, W. J.
Lee, M. W.
Rose, K. K.
Boswell, R. M.
TI Downhole well log and core montages from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate
Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Alaska; Resources; Logs; Core; North Slope; Drilling
ID BEARING SEDIMENTS; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was an integral part of an ongoing project to determine the future energy resource potential of gas hydrates on the Alaska North Slope. As part of this effort, the Mount Elbert well included an advanced downhole geophysical logging program. Because gas hydrate is unstable at ground surface pressure and temperature conditions, a major emphasis was placed on the downhole-logging program to determine the occurrence of gas hydrates and the in-situ physical properties of the sediments. In support of this effort, well-log and core data montages have been compiled which include downhole log and core-data obtained from the gas-hydrate-bearing sedimentary section in the Mount Elbert well. Also shown are numerous reservoir parameters, including gas-hydrate saturation and sediment porosity log traces calculated from available downhole well log and core data. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Collett, T. S.; Lee, M. W.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Lewis, R. E.] Schlumberger, Oklahoma City, OK 73114 USA.
[Winters, W. J.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Rose, K. K.; Boswell, R. M.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
RP Collett, TS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 939,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM tcollett@usgs.gov
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 561
EP 577
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.016
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500022
ER
PT J
AU Boswell, R
Rose, K
Collett, TS
Lee, M
Winters, W
Lewis, KA
Agena, W
AF Boswell, Ray
Rose, Kelly
Collett, Timothy S.
Lee, Myung
Winters, William
Lewis, Kristen A.
Agena, Warren
TI Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert
prospect, Alaska North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mount Elbert well; Gas hydrate; Alaska North Slope; Milne Point;
Sagavanirktok formation
ID METHANE HYDRATE
AB Data acquired at the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, drilled in the Milne Point area of the Alaska North Slope in February, 2007, indicates two zones of high gas hydrate saturation within the Eocene Sagavanirktok Formation. Gas hydrate is observed in two separate sand reservoirs (the D and C units), in the stratigraphically highest portions of those sands, and is not detected in non-sand lithologies. In the younger D unit, gas hydrate appears to fill much of the available reservoir space at the top of the unit. The degree of vertical fill with the D unit is closely related to the unit reservoir quality. A thick, low-permeability clay-dominated unit serves as an upper seal, whereas a subtle transition to more clay-rich, and interbedded sand, silt, and clay units is associated with the base of gas hydrate occurrence. In the underlying C unit, the reservoir is similarly capped by a clay-dominated section, with gas hydrate filling the relatively lower-quality sands at the top of the unit leaving an underlying thick section of high-reservoir quality sands devoid of gas hydrate. Evaluation of well log, core, and seismic data indicate that the gas hydrate occurs within complex combination stratigraphic/structural traps. Structural trapping is provided by a four-way fold closure augmented by a large western bounding fault. Lithologic variation is also a likely strong control on lateral extent of the reservoirs, particularly in the D unit accumulation, where gas hydrate appears to extend beyond the limits of the structural closure. Porous and permeable zones within the C unit sand are only partially charged due most likely to limited structural trapping in the reservoir lithofacies during the period of primary charging. The occurrence of the gas hydrate within the sands in the upper portions of both the C and D units and along the crest of the fold is consistent with an interpretation that these deposits are converted free gas accumulations formed prior to the imposition of gas hydrate stability conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Boswell, Ray; Rose, Kelly] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Collett, Timothy S.; Lee, Myung; Lewis, Kristen A.; Agena, Warren] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Winters, William] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Boswell, R (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM ray.boswell@netl.doe.gov
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
NR 44
TC 23
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 589
EP 607
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.004
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500024
ER
PT J
AU Gschneidner, K
AF Gschneidner, Karl, Jr.
TI A rare opportunity beckons
SO PHYSICS WORLD
LA English
DT Article
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Gschneidner, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM cagey@ameslab.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8585
J9 PHYS WORLD
JI Phys. World
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
BP 17
EP 17
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 724AA
UT WOS:000287547300020
ER
PT J
AU Tripathi, M
Potdar, AA
Yamashita, H
Weidow, B
Cummings, PT
Kirchhofer, D
Quaranta, V
AF Tripathi, Manisha
Potdar, Alka A.
Yamashita, Hironobu
Weidow, Brandy
Cummings, Peter T.
Kirchhofer, Daniel
Quaranta, Vito
TI Laminin-332 Cleavage by Matriptase Alters Motility Parameters of
Prostate Cancer Cells
SO PROSTATE
LA English
DT Article
DE laminin-332; matriptase; type II transmembrane serine protease;
proteolysis; prostate cancer; cell migration
ID HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; FACTOR ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR-1; TISSUE
MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; TRANSMEMBRANE SERINE PROTEASES; CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS; BREAST-CANCER; MATRIX METALLOPROTEASE-2;
PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; BASEMENT-MEMBRANES
AB BACKGROUND. Matriptase, a type II transmembrane serine protease, has been linked to initiation and promotion of epidermal carcinogenesis in a murine model, suggesting that deregulation of its role in epithelia contributes to transformation. In human prostate cancer, matriptase expression correlates with progression. It is therefore of interest to determine how matriptase may contribute to epithelial neoplastic progression. One approach for studying this is to identify potential matriptase substrates involved in epithelial integrity and/or transformation like the extracellular matrix macromolecule, laminin-332 (Ln-332), which is found in the basement membrane of many epithelia, including prostate. Proteolytic processing of Ln-332 regulates cell motility of both normal and transformed cells, which has implications in cancer progression.
METHODS. In vitro cleavage experiments were performed with purified Ln-332 protein and matriptase. Western blotting, enzyme inhibition assays, and mass spectrometry were used to confirm cleavage events. Matriptase overexpressing LNCaP prostate cancer cells were generated and included in Transwell migration assays and single cell motility assays, along with other prostate cells.
RESULTS. We report that matriptase proteolytically cleaves Ln-332 in the 133 chain. Substrate specificity was confirmed by blocking cleavage with the matriptase inhibitor, Kunitz domain-1. Transwell migration assays showed that DU145 cell motility was significantly enhanced when plated on matriptase-cleaved Ln-332. Similarly, Transwell migration of matriptase-overexpressing LNCaP cells was significantly increased on Ln-332 and, as determined by live single-cell microscopy, two motility parameters of this cell line, speed and directional persistence, were also higher.
CONCLUSIONS. Proteolytic processing of Ln-332 by matriptase enhances speed and directional persistence of prostate cancer cells. Prostate 71: 184-196, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Quaranta, Vito] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Canc Biol, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Potdar, Alka A.; Cummings, Peter T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Cummings, Peter T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Kirchhofer, Daniel] Genentech Inc, Dept Prot Engn, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Quaranta, V (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Canc Biol, Sch Med, Med Ctr, 771 Preston Res Bldg,2220 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM vito.quaranta@vanderbilt.edu
RI Potdar, Alka/E-6882-2012; Quaranta, Vito/G-6512-2016; Cummings,
Peter/B-8762-2013
OI Quaranta, Vito/0000-0001-7491-8672; Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216
FU National Institutes of Health [CA47858-17A2, GM067221-03]; Department of
Defense [W81XWH-09-1-0594]
FX We thank Dr. David Friedman (Vanderbilt University Mass Spectrometry
Research Center) for performing mass spectral analysis. We thank Dr.
Jerome Jourquin (Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University)
for helpful discussion and advice for the project. We also acknowledge
the following funding sources for support of this work: National
Institutes of Health grants CA47858-17A2 and GM067221-03 awarded to
V.Q., and Department of Defense pre-doctoral fellowship grant
W81XWH-09-1-0594 awarded to M.T.
NR 75
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0270-4137
J9 PROSTATE
JI Prostate
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
BP 184
EP 196
DI 10.1002/pros.21233
PG 13
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology
GA 715CH
UT WOS:000286857500007
PM 20672321
ER
PT J
AU Jang, DH
Anderson-Cook, CM
AF Jang, Dae-Heung
Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
TI Fraction of Design Space Pilots for Evaluating Ridge Estimators in
Mixture Experiments
SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE prediction variance; multicollinearity; bias-variance tradeoff;
mixture-process experiments
ID REGRESSION ESTIMATOR; PARAMETER; PLOTS
AB When the component proportions in mixture experiments are restricted by lower and upper bounds, the design space can become an irregular region that can induce multicollinearity among the component proportions. Thus, we suggest the use of ridge regression as a means of stabilizing the estimates of the coefficients in the fitted model. We use fraction of design space plots and violin plots to illustrate and evaluate the effect of ridge regression estimators with respect to the prediction variance and to guide the decision about the value of ridge constant k. We illustrate the methods with three examples from the literature. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Jang, Dae-Heung] Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Stat, Pusan, South Korea.
[Anderson-Cook, Christine M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Jang, DH (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Stat, Pusan, South Korea.
EM dhjang@pknu.ac.kr
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0748-8017
J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT
JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 1
BP 27
EP 34
DI 10.1002/qre.1104
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations
Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 717PM
UT WOS:000287059900004
ER
PT J
AU Husanikova, P
Kacmarcik, J
Cambel, V
Karapetrov, G
AF Husanikova, P.
Kacmarcik, J.
Cambel, V.
Karapetrov, G.
TI Superconducting and normal state parameters of single crystal
Cu0.10TiSe2
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE TiSe2; Transition metal dichalcogenides; Charge density wave;
Superconductivity
ID CUXTISE2; TISE2
AB We report magnetoresistance measurements on superconducting single crystals of Cu0.10TiSe2 using magnetic field perpendicular to TiSe2 planes. From measurements we determined the normal state as well as the superconducting state parameters including scattering time tau, mean free path l, zero-temperature resistivity rho(0), residual resistivity ratio RRR, London penetration depth lambda(L), coherence length xi(0), plasma frequency omega(p), critical temperature T-c and upper critical field H-c2 (T). Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Husanikova, P.; Cambel, V.; Karapetrov, G.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia.
[Kacmarcik, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice, Slovakia.
[Karapetrov, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Karapetrov, G (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia.
EM goran@anl.gov
RI Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008
OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137
FU ERDF; Slovak Scientific Agency (VEGA) [2/0148/10]; Slovak Research and
Development Agency [VVCE-0058-07]
FX This publication is the result of the project implementation:
Development of the Centre of Excellence for New Technologies in
Electrical Engineering- 2nd stage, ITMS code 26240120019, supported by
the Research & Development Operational Programme funded by the ERDF.
Part of this work was also supported by Slovak Scientific Agency (VEGA
2/0148/10) and Slovak Research and Development Agency (VVCE-0058-07).
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 42
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 151
IS 3
BP 227
EP 228
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2010.11.027
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 716KO
UT WOS:000286967700009
ER
PT J
AU Homoelle, D
Crane, JK
Shverdin, M
Haefner, CL
Siders, CW
AF Homoelle, D.
Crane, J. K.
Shverdin, M.
Haefner, C. L.
Siders, C. W.
TI Phasing beams with different dispersions and application to the
petawatt-class beamline at the National Ignition Facility
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID APERTURE COMPRESSION SCHEME; HIGH-POWER; LASER; RADIOGRAPHY; SYSTEMS;
ARRAY
AB In order to achieve the highest intensities possible with the short-pulse Advanced Radiographic Capability beamline at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), it will be necessary to phase the individual ARC apertures. This is made especially challenging because the design of ARC results in two laser beams with different dispersions sharing the same NIF aperture. The extent to which two beams with different dispersions can be phased with each other has been an open question. This paper presents results of an analysis showing that the different dispersion values that will be encountered by the shared-aperture beams will not preclude the phasing of the two beams. We also highlight a situation in which dispersion mismatch will prevent good phasing between apertures, and discuss the limits to which higher-order dispersion values may differ before the beams begin to dephase. (c) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Homoelle, D.; Crane, J. K.; Shverdin, M.; Haefner, C. L.; Siders, C. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Homoelle, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM homoelle1@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 21
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 4
BP 554
EP 561
DI 10.1364/AO.50.000554
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 714JJ
UT WOS:000286805600034
PM 21283247
ER
PT J
AU Frederickson, K
Kearney, SP
Grasser, TW
AF Frederickson, Kraig
Kearney, Sean P.
Grasser, Thomas W.
TI Laser-induced incandescence measurements of soot in turbulent pool fires
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSION FLAMES; VOLUME FRACTION; TEMPERATURE; EMISSION; PROPANE;
METHANE; FLUX
AB We present what we believe to be the first application of the laser-induced incandescence (LII) technique to large-scale fire testing. The construction of an LII instrument for fire measurements is presented in detail. Soot volume fraction imaging from 2m diameter pool fires burning blended toluene/methanol liquid fuels is demonstrated along with a detailed report of measurement uncertainty in the challenging pool fire environment. Our LII instrument relies upon remotely located laser, optical, and detection systems and the insertion of water-cooled, fiber-bundle-coupled collection optics into the fire plume. Calibration of the instrument was performed using an ethylene/air laminar diffusion flame produced by a Santoro-type burner, which allowed for the extraction of absolute soot volume fractions from the LII images. Single-laser-shot two-dimensional images of the soot layer structure are presented with very high volumetric spatial resolution of the order of 10(-5) cm(3). Probability density functions of the soot volume fraction fluctuations are constructed from the large LII image ensembles. The results illustrate a highly intermittent soot fluctuation field with potentially large macroscale soot structures and clipped soot probability densities. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Frederickson, Kraig; Kearney, Sean P.; Grasser, Thomas W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kearney, SP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM spkearn@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy (DOE) through the Laboratory Directed
Research and Development and Engineering Science Research Foundation at
Sandia National Laboratories; DOE National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work has been funded by the United States Department of Energy
(DOE) through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development and
Engineering Science Research Foundation programs at Sandia National
Laboratories. The authors thank the FLAME facility operations team: Dann
Jernigan, Ciro Ramirez, and Martin Sanchez. We recognize Sheldon Tieszen
of Sandia for countless productive discussions on the physics of
large-scale fires, Chris Shaddix of Sandia for his expert advice on the
application of the LII technique, and Bill Sweatt of Sandia and Tom
Swann of East Mountain Optomechanical, Albuquerque, New Mexico, for
their assistance in the design and construction of the LII collection
optics assembly. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the DOE National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 11
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 4
BP A49
EP A59
DI 10.1364/AO.50.000A49
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 714JJ
UT WOS:000286805600007
PM 21283220
ER
PT J
AU Olson, TY
Schwartzberg, AM
Liu, JL
Zhang, JZ
AF Olson, Tammy Y.
Schwartzberg, Adam M.
Liu, Jinny L.
Zhang, Jin Z.
TI Raman and Surface-Enhanced Raman Detection of Domoic Acid and Saxitoxin
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; SERS; Silver nanoparticles; Domoic
acid; Saxitoxin; Detection
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; RECEPTOR-BINDING ASSAY; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS;
PFIESTERIA-PISCICIDA; SCATTERING SERS; PHYTOPLANKTON ABSORPTION; GOLD
ELECTRODES; RAPID DETECTION; SILVER SOL; AMINO-ACID
AB The use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for detecting domoic acid and saxitoxin was demonstrated and vibrational modes have been assigned based on the current literature. Silver nanoparticles were used to obtain the SERS spectra of domoic acid for the first time, which displayed enhancement of nearly 70 times the normal Raman spectra. Unique features in the SERS spectrum of domoic acid allowed the binding effect and orientation of the domoic acid to the metal surface to be analyzed. Saxitoxin exhibited an undetectable normal Raman signal but revealed very prominent SERS peaks. SERS peak positions closely matched published experimental and theoretical values, but with different peak ratios, indicating variance in molecule-nanoparticle interaction depending on the SERS substrate utilized. SERS is demonstrated as a powerful analytical tool for detecting toxins at low concentration with molecular specificity and shows immense potential for fast and remote sensing of toxins in various applications.
C1 [Olson, Tammy Y.; Zhang, Jin Z.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Olson, Tammy Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Schwartzberg, Adam M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Jinny L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM zhang@chemistry.ucsc.edu
FU National Science Foundation; University Affiliated Research Center at
NASA Ames; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
FX We are grateful for financial support from the National Science
Foundation, University Affiliated Research Center at NASA Ames, and the
Lawrence Scholar Program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. We
would like to thank Dr. Christian Grant for his helpful discussions and
Drs. Nikolai Lebedev and Chris Spillmann for their helpful review
comments.
NR 66
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 23
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 2
BP 159
EP 164
DI 10.1366/10-05910
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 710XE
UT WOS:000286549500005
ER
PT J
AU Avants, M
Lay, T
Xie, XB
Yang, XN
AF Avants, Megan
Lay, Thorne
Xie, Xiao-Bi
Yang, Xiaoning
TI Effects of 2D Random Velocity Heterogeneities in the Mantle Lid and Moho
Topography on P-n Geometric Spreading
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH MODEL; WAVES; ATTENUATION; CRUST; DISCRIMINATION; EXPLOSIONS;
EURASIA; BENEATH; RANGE
AB P-n-wave energy refracts through the uppermost mantle, with the first seismic wave arrival at distances of similar to 200 to similar to 1500 km from crustal sources. The P-n phase provides important constraints on source type, location, and magnitude, but its propagation is complicated by frequency-dependent sensitivity to the Earth's sphericity and lithospheric velocity structure. Converging on an acceptable P-n geometric spreading correction and specifying its uncertainties, a requirement for accurately determining frequency-dependent attenuation models for P-n, depends on improved understanding of the behavior of P-n geometric spreading for various heterogeneous models. We investigate the effects of radial mantle lid velocity gradients, mantle lid random volumetric velocity heterogeneities, and Moho topography on P-n geometric spreading using reflectivity and two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference 1-Hz wave propagation calculations for elastic Earth models. Mantle lid velocity gradients systematically modify the frequency-dependent geometric spreading from that found for models with constant velocity but retain the same overall functional form. P-n amplitudes are also sensitive to the presence of modest 2D random lateral velocity heterogeneities within the uppermost mantle, with geometric spreading approaching a power-law behavior as the root mean square strength of heterogeneity increases. 2D Moho topography introduces scatter into the amplitude of P-n, but the overall behavior remains compatible with that for a laterally homogeneous model. Given the lack of knowledge of specific small-scale structure for any particular P-n path, the preferred geometric spreading parameterization is the frequency-dependent model for a constant mantle lid velocity structure unless P-n travel-time branch curvature can constrain the radial gradient in the mantle lid.
C1 [Avants, Megan; Lay, Thorne] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Xie, Xiao-Bi] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Yang, Xiaoning] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Avants, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory; University
of California Santa Cruz [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-FC52-05NA26606]
FX We thank George Randall of Los Alamos National Laboratory for assisting
us with his reflectivity code. We thank Yaofeng He, for helpful
discussion and advice on the two-dimensional finite-difference
calculations. Many thanks also to Bill Walter and Igor Morozov for their
insightful reviews. This work was performed under the auspices of the
U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory and
University of California Santa Cruz under contracts DE-AC52-06NA25396
and DE-FC52-05NA26606.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 1
BP 126
EP 140
DI 10.1785/0120100113
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 711WY
UT WOS:000286623300008
ER
PT J
AU Dreger, D
Hurtado, G
Chopra, A
Larsen, S
AF Dreger, Douglas
Hurtado, Gabriel
Chopra, Anil
Larsen, Shawn
TI Near-Field Across-Fault Seismic Ground Motions
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID 1999 CHI-CHI; NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE; PARKFIELD EARTHQUAKE; RUPTURE
DIRECTIVITY; HECTOR MINE; SLIP FAULT; TAIWAN; DIP; DISPLACEMENTS;
COMPLEXITY
AB There are many engineering applications that require an understanding of the nature of strong ground motions adjacent to and spanning across faults. Unfortunately, such near-field observations at distances less than 100 m of fault rupture are few and incomplete. In this study a 3D finite-difference method is used to simulate strong ground motions for a hypothetical M-w 6.5 earthquake at sites within a few tens of meters of the fault to document the nature of strong ground motion at pairs of sites across the fault as a first step toward providing ground-motion input for engineering design applications. We employ several distributed slip kinematic models to examine ground-motion variability. We also examine the ground motions for fault scenarios ranging from vertical strike-slip to low-angle thrust faulting. The results show that the motions have two primary components: (1) far-field waves that undergo focusing and amplification due to finite-source rupture directivity and (2) near-field waves that are sensitive to the tectonic rebound, or fling, of the closest section of the fault to the recording stations. Both the far-field and near-field controlled motions result in nonstationary pulse-like velocity waveforms that have many implications for the design of engineered structures located close to or spanning faults.
C1 [Dreger, Douglas; Hurtado, Gabriel; Chopra, Anil] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Larsen, Shawn] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Dreger, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, 215 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the California Department
of Transportation (Caltrans) for this project and the Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory for the use of computational resources. Seismic
Analysis Code (SAC) was used for data processing and Generic Mapping
Tools (GMT) was used to create some of the plots. Reviews by Michel
Bouchon, Martin Mai, and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved the
study. This is Contribution 2010-10 of the Berkeley Seismological
Laboratory.
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 1
BP 202
EP 221
DI 10.1785/0120090271
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 711WY
UT WOS:000286623300013
ER
PT J
AU Ford, SR
Uhrhammer, RA
Hellweg, M
AF Ford, Sean R.
Uhrhammer, Robert A.
Hellweg, Margaret
TI Local Magnitude Tomography in California
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; UNITED-STATES; RECORDS
AB Lateral variation in crustal attenuation of California is calculated by inverting 25,330 synthetic Wood-Anderson amplitudes from the California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN) for site, source, and path effects. Two-dimensional attenuation (q or 1/Q) is derived from the path term, which is calculated via an iterative least-squares inversion that also solves for perturbations to the site and source terms. Source terms agree well with initial CISN M(L)s, and site terms agree well with a prior regression analysis; q ranges from low attenuation at 0.001 (Q = 1000) to high attenuation at 0.015 (Q = 66), with an average of 0.07 (Q = 143). The average q is consistent with an amplitude decay function (log A(0)) for California when q is combined with a simple geometrical spreading rate. Attenuation in California is consistent with the tectonic structure of California, with low attenuation in the Sierra batholith and high attenuation at The Geysers, at Long Valley, and in the Salton trough possibly due to geothermal effects. Also, path terms are an order of magnitude smaller than site and source terms, suggesting that they are not as important in correcting for M(L).
C1 [Ford, Sean R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Uhrhammer, Robert A.; Hellweg, Margaret] Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ford, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Ford, Sean/F-9191-2011
OI Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
(LLNL) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Lawrence Scholar Program
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the Lawrence Scholar
Program and the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL) under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL
contribution LLNL-JRNL-433535 and Berkeley Seismological Laboratory
(BSL) contribution 10-06.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 1
BP 427
EP 432
DI 10.1785/0120100136
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 711WY
UT WOS:000286623300032
ER
PT J
AU Delzanno, GL
Finn, JM
AF Delzanno, Gian Luca
Finn, John M.
TI The fluid dynamic approach to equidistribution methods for grid
adaptation
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive grid generation; Monge-Ampere equation; Monge-Kantorovich
optimization; Grid tangling; Equidistribution; Newton-Krylov; Multigrid
preconditioning; Moving meshes; Image morphing
ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; MASS-TRANSFER PROBLEM; ADAPTIVE GRIDS;
GENERATION
AB The equidistribution methods based on L(p) Monge-Kantorovich optimization and on the deformation method are analyzed primarily in the context of grid adaptation. The first class of methods can be obtained from a variational principle leading to a fluid dynamic formulation based on time-dependent equations for the mass density and the momentum density. In this context, deformation methods arise from a similar fluid formulation by making a specific assumption on the time evolution of the density (but with some degree of freedom for the momentum density). In general, deformation methods do not arise from a variational principle. However, it is possible to prescribe an optimal deformation method, related to L(1) Monge-Kantorovich optimization, by making a further assumption on the momentum density. Thus, the fluid dynamic formulation provides a unified description of equidistribution methods. Some numerical examples using the Lp fluid dynamic formulation are also explored. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Delzanno, Gian Luca; Finn, John M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Phys Grp, T5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Delzanno, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Phys Grp, T5, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM delzanno@lanl.gov; finn@lanl.gov
OI Delzanno, Gian Luca/0000-0002-7030-2683
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) [AC52-06NA25396];
Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL
FX This research was performed under the auspices of the National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos
National Laboratory (LANL), operated by LANS LLC under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396. It was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research
and Development program at LANL. The authors acknowledge enlightening
discussions with Luis Chacon, Rick Chartrand, L. Craig Evans, Wilfrid
Gangbo, Patrick Knupp, and Jan Van Lent.
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 182
IS 2
BP 330
EP 346
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2010.10.010
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 699KF
UT WOS:000285661600006
ER
PT J
AU Cha, MS
Chambliss, GH
AF Cha, Minseok
Chambliss, Glenn H.
TI Characterization of Acrylamidase Isolated from a Newly Isolated
Acrylamide-Utilizing Bacterium, Ralstonia eutropha AUM-01
SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; MAILLARD REACTION; PURIFICATION; AMIDASE;
ACRYLONITRILE; CARCINOGEN; MONOMER; MOUSE; WATER; RAT
AB A mesophilic bacterium capable of utilizing acrylamide was isolated, AUM-01, from soil collected from leaf litter at Picnic Point on the UW-Madison campus. In minimal medium with acrylamide as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, a batch culture of AUM-01 completely converted 28.0 mM acrylamide to acrylic acid in 8 h and reached a cell density of 0.3 (A(600)). Afterward all the acrylic acid was degraded by 20 h with the cell density increasing to 1.9 (A(600)). The acrylamide-utilizing bacterium was identified as Ralstonia eutropha based on morphological observations, the BiOLOG GN2 MicroPlate(TM) identification system for Gram-negative bacteria, and additional physiological tests. An acrylamidase that hydrolyzes acrylamide to acrylic acid was purified from the strain AUM-01. The molecular weight of the enzyme from AUM-01 was determined to be 38 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme had pH and temperature optima of 6.3 and 55A degrees C, and the influence of different metals and amino acids on the ability of the purified protein to transform acrylamide to acrylic acid was evaluated. The enzyme from AUM-01 was totally inhibited by ZnSO4 and AgNO3.
C1 [Cha, Minseok; Chambliss, Glenn H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Cha, Minseok; Chambliss, Glenn H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Food Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Cha, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Microbiol Grp, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Min-Seok.Cha@pnl.gov
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0343-8651
J9 CURR MICROBIOL
JI Curr. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 2
BP 671
EP 678
DI 10.1007/s00284-010-9761-8
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 706GH
UT WOS:000286205500052
PM 20872004
ER
PT J
AU Justus, AL
AF Justus, Alan L.
TI PROMPT RETROSPECTIVE AIR SAMPLE ANALYSIS-A COMPARISON OF GROSS-ALPHA,
BETA-TO-ALPHA RATIO, AND ALPHA SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUES
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE air sampling; monitoring, air; radioactivity, airborne; plutonium
ID MONITOR
AB The long-standing problem related to prompt analyses in continuous air sampling or monitoring has been the well-known interference of the radon-and thoron-progeny co-deposited on the filtration media with any potential suspect radionuclides. The solutions to this problem have been quite diverse, and have included, for example, simple gross-alpha screening, the use of beta-to-alpha ratios, and/or the use of alpha spectral analyses. In the context of week-long retrospective continuous air sampling, this paper will explain, in detail, the technical basis for the use of the simple gross-alpha screening, beta-to-alpha ratio, and alpha spectrometry techniques and demonstrate the efficacy (or lack thereof) of these methods with simple examples. Although the most sensitive analysis technique for week-long retrospective continuous air samples is no doubt a long-lived count performed typically after at least a four-day decay period, when necessary, certain prompt and semi-prompt techniques discussed here can approach a sensitivity that is within about an order of magnitude of the long-lived count. Health Phys. 100(2):191-200; 2011
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Justus, AL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ajustus@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work has been authored by an employee of Los Alamos National
Security, LLC, operator of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The
United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting this
work for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government
retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to
publish or reproduce this work, or allow others to do so for United
States Government purposes.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 100
IS 2
BP 191
EP 200
DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f10269
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 700BR
UT WOS:000285707600009
PM 21399435
ER
PT J
AU Farfan, EB
Gaschak, SP
Maksymenko, AM
Jannik, GT
Marra, JC
Bondarkov, MD
Donnelly, EH
AF Farfan, Eduardo B.
Gaschak, Sergii P.
Maksymenko, Andriy M.
Jannik, G. Tim
Marra, James C.
Bondarkov, Mikhail D.
Donnelly, Elizabeth H.
TI ASSESSMENT OF BETA PARTICLE FLUX FROM SURFACE CONTAMINATION AS A
RELATIVE INDICATOR FOR RADIONUCLIDE DISTRIBUTION ON EXTERNAL SURFACES OF
A MULTISTORY BUILDING IN PRIPYAT
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chernobyl; decontamination; environmental impact; nuclear power plant
ID MODELS
AB Several issues should be considered when assessing the feasibility of remediation following the detonation of a radiological dispersion device (e.g., dirty bomb) or improvised nuclear device in a large city. These issues include the levels and characteristics of the radioactive contamination, the availability of resources required for decontamination, and the planned future use of the city's structures and buildings. Presently, little is known about the distribution, redistribution, and migration of radionuclides in an urban environment. However, Pripyat, a city substantially contaminated by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in April 1986, may provide some answers. The main objective of this study was to determine the radionuclide distribution on a Pripyat multistory building that had not been decontaminated and, therefore, could reflect the initial fallout and its further natural redistribution on external surfaces over 23 y. The seven-story building selected was surveyed from the ground floor to the roof on horizontal and vertical surfaces along seven ground-to-roof transections. Some results from this study indicate that the upper floors of the building had higher contamination levels than the lower floors. Consequently, the authors recommend that thorough decontamination should be considered for all the floors of tall buildings (not just lower floors). Health Phys. 100(2):221-227; 2011
C1 [Farfan, Eduardo B.] Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Environm Dosimetry Grp, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Gaschak, Sergii P.; Maksymenko, Andriy M.; Bondarkov, Mikhail D.] Int Radioecol Lab, Chernobyl Ctr Nucl Safety, UA-07100 Slavutych, Ukraine.
[Donnelly, Elizabeth H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Farfan, EB (reprint author), Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Environm Dosimetry Grp, Bldg 773-42A,Room 236, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM Eduardo.Farfan@srnl.doe.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management; SRNL; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470]; IRL
FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Kurt Gerdes and Ms. Ana Han for
their support of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental
Management's international cooperative program with IRL. The authors
would also like to thank Mr. Jason Davis (SRNL Records and Document
Control) for his help with the development of graphical representations
and Dr. Tatyana Albert (Thomas E. Albert and Associates, Inc.) for
translating documents and reports prepared at IRL. This research was
supported by the SRNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development
program in conjunction with work accomplished under contract No.
DE-AC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 12
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Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 100
IS 2
BP 221
EP 227
DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ee31ac
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 700BR
UT WOS:000285707600012
PM 21399438
ER
PT J
AU Greenhouse, NA
Musolino, S
AF Greenhouse, N. Anthony
Musolino, Stephen
TI 1997 THYROID ABSORBED DOSE ESTIMATES FOR THE NORTHERN MARSHALL ISLANDS
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Letter
ID NUCLEAR-WEAPONS TESTS; FALLOUT; ENEWETAK; BIKINI; RADIONUCLIDES
C1 [Musolino, Stephen] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Greenhouse, NA (reprint author), 788 Mckinley Ave, Oakland, CA 94610 USA.
EM nagreenhouse@envirhealth.com; musolino@bnl.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 100
IS 2
BP 228
EP 229
DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f8c50e
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 700BR
UT WOS:000285707600013
PM 21399439
ER
PT J
AU Griffin, SM
Chen, IM
Fout, GS
Wade, TJ
Egorov, AI
AF Griffin, Shannon M.
Chen, Ing M.
Fout, G. Shay
Wade, Timothy J.
Egorov, Andrey I.
TI Development of a multiplex microsphere immunoassay for the quantitation
of salivary antibody responses to selected waterborne pathogens
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Luminex immunoassay; Salivary antibody; Waterborne; Helicobacter pylori;
Toxoplasma gondii; Noroviruses; Cryptosporidium
ID NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; ORAL-FLUID COLLECTION; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI
INFECTION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; SECRETORY IGA ANTIBODIES;
COAST-GUARD CUTTER; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES;
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY
AB Saliva has an important advantage over serum as a medium for antibody detection due to noninvasive sampling, which is critical for community-based epidemiological surveys. The development of a Luminex multiplex immunoassay for measurement of salivary IgG and IgA responses to potentially waterborne pathogens, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, and four noroviruses, involved selection of antigens and optimization of antigen coupling to Luminex microspheres. Coupling confirmation was conducted using antigen specific antibody or control sera at serial dilutions. Dose response curves corresponding to different coupling conditions were compared using statistical tests. Control proteins in the specific antibody assay and a separate duplex assay for total immunoglobulins G and A were employed to assess antibody cross-reactivity and variability in saliva composition. 200 saliva samples prospectively collected from 20 adult volunteers and 10 paired sera from a subset of these volunteers were used to test this method. For chronic infections, H. pylori and T. gondii, individuals who tested IgG seropositive using commercial diagnostic ELISA also had the strongest salivary antibody responses in salivary antibody tests. A steep increase in antinorovirus salivary antibody response (immunoconversion) was observed after an episode of acute diarrhea and vomiting in a volunteer. The Luminex assay also detected seroconversions to Cryptosporidium using control sera from infected children. Ongoing efforts involve further verification of salivary antibody tests and their application in larger pilot community studies. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Egorov, Andrey I.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Griffin, Shannon M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Griffin, Shannon M.; Fout, G. Shay] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Egorov, AI (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD 58C, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM andegorov@gmail.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy; USEPA
FX Shannon Griffin was supported through an appointment to the Research
Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy
and USEPA. The authors are grateful to Drs. Jeffrey Priest, Jan Vinje,
Harry Kleanthous, Honorine Ward, Xi Jiang, and Alec Sutherland for
kindly providing proteins, antibodies, or control sera for this study,
and Eric Rhodes, Jeffrey Swartout, and Swinburne Augustine for critical
review of this manuscript. Although this work was reviewed by USEPA and
approved for publication, it represents views of its authors and does
not reflect official Agency policy. The mention of trade names or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.
NR 49
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U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1759
J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS
JI J. Immunol. Methods
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 364
IS 1-2
BP 83
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.jim.2010.11.005
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology
GA 717QO
UT WOS:000287062700009
PM 21093445
ER
PT J
AU Kekatpure, RD
AF Kekatpure, Rohan D.
TI First-Principles Full-Vectorial Eigenfrequency Computations for Axially
Symmetric Resonators
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Eigenfrequency solver; finite difference method; finite element method;
mode-solver; resonators; silicon photonics
ID BENDING WAVE-GUIDES; SILICON; THRESHOLD; MICROCAVITY; MODES; LIGHT
AB Starting from the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations in cylindrical coordinates, we derive and solve the finite-difference (FD) eigenvalue equations for determining vector modes of axially symmetric resonator structures such as disks, rings, spheres and toroids. Contrary to the most existing implementations, our FD scheme is readily adapted for both eigenmode and eigenfrequency calculations. An excellent match of the FD solutions with the analytically calculated mode indices of a microsphere resonator provides a numerical confirmation of the mode-solver accuracy. The comparison of the presented FD technique with the finite-element method highlights the relative strengths of both techniques and advances the FD mode-solver as an important tool for cylindrical resonator design.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Appl Photon & Microsyst Div, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Kekatpure, RD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Appl Photon & Microsyst Div, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM rd-kekat@sandia.gov
RI Kekatpure, Rohan/E-4603-2011
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National
Laboratories; United States Department of Energys National Nuclear
Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lock-heed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energys National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
BP 253
EP 259
DI 10.1109/JLT.2010.2099105
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 708SZ
UT WOS:000286385900001
ER
PT J
AU Alessa, L
Altaweel, M
Kliskey, A
Bone, C
Schnabel, W
Stevenson, K
AF Alessa, Lilian
Altaweel, Mark
Kliskey, Andrew
Bone, Christopher
Schnabel, William
Stevenson, Kalb
TI Alaska's Freshwater Resources: Issues Affecting Local and International
Interests
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE social-ecological; water use; climate change; resource development;
water markets
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; MARKETS; DEGRADATION; TEMPERATURE;
GROUNDWATER; PERMAFROST; FAIRBANKS; TRANSPORT; AMERICA
AB The State of Alaska faces a broad range of freshwater challenges including limited resource access in rural communities, increasing freshwater use, and a pressing need to better understand and prepare for climate-driven change. Despite these significant issues, Alaska is relatively water-rich and far more equipped to address its water resource concerns compared with other regions of the world. Globally, simultaneous and rapid water stresses have influenced and complicated conflicts and are motivating nations to develop markets and trade as one of the primary means to manage their needs for this resource. This paper presents these interacting issues in the context of Alaska's relationship with a world undergoing significant social and ecological changes that affect freshwater supplies. We present the challenges faced by Alaska in the context of a larger global perspective, and briefly explore the relative effects these issues have on local, regional, and global scales. We present the argument that Alaska needs to develop more robust institutions and policies that can alleviate both household concerns and ensure that Alaska plays a significant role in the international freshwater arena for its long-term resilience.
C1 [Alessa, Lilian; Kliskey, Andrew; Bone, Christopher; Stevenson, Kalb] Univ Alaska, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Altaweel, Mark] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Altaweel, Mark] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Schnabel, William] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99775 USA.
RP Alessa, L (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM afadk@uaa.alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0328686, 0755966, 0701898, 0919608];
Francis "Frankie" Ferrell
FX We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (OPP Arctic System
Science 0328686, Arctic Social Science 0755966, and Experimental Program
to Stimulate Competitive Research 0701898 and 0919608) for funding this
research. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of
the National Science Foundation. We would like to acknowledge the
assistance of the Resilience and Adaptive Management Group at the
University of Alaska Anchorage, and particularly Sean Mack for
cartographic design and to Francis "Frankie" Ferrell for his support.
NR 85
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 1
BP 143
EP 157
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00498.x
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 711ZA
UT WOS:000286629700015
ER
PT J
AU Ravindranath, NH
Aaheim, A
Sathaye, J
AF Ravindranath, N. H.
Aaheim, Asbjorn
Sathaye, Jayant
TI Climate change and forests in India: note from the guest editors
SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Ravindranath, N. H.] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Sustainable Technol, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
[Aaheim, Asbjorn] Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo, CICERO, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.
[Sathaye, Jayant] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ravindranath, N. H.] Indian Inst Sci, Divecha Ctr Climate Change, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
RP Ravindranath, NH (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Sustainable Technol, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
EM ravi@ces.iisc.ernet.in; JASathaye@lbl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1381-2386
J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL
JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 16
IS 2
SI SI
BP 117
EP 118
DI 10.1007/s11027-010-9280-8
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 712OG
UT WOS:000286675500001
ER
PT J
AU Kagan, G
Marr, KD
Catto, PJ
Landreman, M
Lipschultz, B
McDermott, R
AF Kagan, Grigory
Marr, Kenneth D.
Catto, Peter J.
Landreman, Matt
Lipschultz, Bruce
McDermott, Rachael
TI The effect of the radial electric field on neoclassical flows in a
tokamak pedestal
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT; PLASMA; ROTATION
AB Conventional formulae for neoclassical flows become inapplicable in subsonic tokamak pedestals with poloidal ion gyroradius scales since the associated strong radial electric field modifies the background ion orbits. The discrepancy has been measured to be substantial in the banana regime on Alcator C-Mod. We demonstrate that new expressions for the poloidal ion flow in the pedestal, that include the effect of the background electric field, are consistent with the boron impurity flow measurements in Alcator C-Mod.
C1 [Kagan, Grigory] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Marr, Kenneth D.; Catto, Peter J.; Landreman, Matt; Lipschultz, Bruce] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[McDermott, Rachael] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Kagan, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012; Landreman, Matt/C-7684-2017
OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684; Landreman,
Matt/0000-0002-7233-577X
FU US Department of Energy at the Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-FG02-91ER-54109]
FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy Grants No
DE-AC52-06NA25396 at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and
DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-FG02-91ER-54109 at the Plasma Science and
Fusion Center of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
AR 025008
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/53/2/025008
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 710KD
UT WOS:000286509600020
ER
PT J
AU Simakov, AN
Helander, P
AF Simakov, Andrei N.
Helander, Per
TI Plasma rotation in a quasi-symmetric stellarator
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID ION-TRANSPORT
AB The equilibrium plasma rotation in a general toroidal magnetic field is nearly always subsonic and is determined by the requirement that the collisional particle transport should be ambipolar in lowest order in the small-ion-gyroradius expansion. Only in quasi-symmetric fields, where collisional particle transport is intrinsically ambipolar, can the plasma rotate freely and then only in the quasi-symmetry direction. Sonic rotation velocities are allowed in this case. In this paper the effect of rotation in a quasi-axisymmetric field is investigated, and it is found that the symmetry is broken when the rotation speed exceeds the diamagnetic speed appreciably, leading to reappearance of the non-intrinsically ambipolar 1/nu-transport regime. Fortunately, this transport scales with the fourth power of the rotation Mach number and is expected to be modest in most plasmas of interest.
C1 [Simakov, Andrei N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Simakov, Andrei N.; Helander, Per] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.
RP Simakov, AN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Simakov, Andrei/0000-0001-7064-9153
FU USA, Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA-25396]
FX This work was partially supported by the USA, Department of Energy grant
DE-AC52-06NA-25396 at Los Alamos National Laboratory. ANS is grateful to
Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, Germany for its
hospitality and support during the course of this work. The authors
thank Craig Beidler, Henning Maassberg and Yuri Turkin for helpful
comments.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
AR 024005
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/53/2/024005
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 710KD
UT WOS:000286509600008
ER
PT J
AU Toi, K
Ogawa, K
Isobe, M
Osakabe, M
Spong, DA
Todo, Y
AF Toi, K.
Ogawa, K.
Isobe, M.
Osakabe, M.
Spong, D. A.
Todo, Y.
TI Energetic-ion-driven global instabilities in stellarator/helical plasmas
and comparison with tokamak plasmas
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED ALFVEN EIGENMODES; LARGE HELICAL DEVICE; DIII-D TOKAMAK; MHD
INSTABILITIES; TAE-MODES; TOROIDAL PLASMAS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; TRANSPORT;
TOROIDICITY; STABILITY
AB Comprehensive understanding of energetic-ion-driven global instabilities such as Alfven eigenmodes (AEs) and their impact on energetic ions and bulk plasma is crucially important for tokamak and stellarator/helical plasmas and in the future for deuterium-tritium (DT) burning plasma experiments. Various types of global modes and their associated enhanced energetic ion transport are commonly observed in toroidal plasmas. Toroidicity-induced AEs and ellipticity-induced AEs, whose gaps are generated through poloidal mode coupling, are observed in both tokamak and stellarator/helical plasmas. Global AEs and reversed shear AEs, where toroidal couplings are not as dominant were also observed in those plasmas. Helicity induced AEs that exist only in 3D plasmas are observed in the large helical device (LHD) and Wendelstein 7 Advanced Stellarator plasmas. In addition, the geodesic acoustic mode that comes from plasma compressibility is destabilized by energetic ions in both tokamak and LHD plasmas. Nonlinear interaction of these modes and their influence on the confinement of the bulk plasma as well as energetic ions are observed in both plasmas.
In this paper, the similarities and differences in these instabilities and their consequences for tokamak and stellarator/helical plasmas are summarized through comparison with the data sets obtained in LHD. In particular, this paper focuses on the differences caused by the rotational transform profile and the 2D or 3D geometrical structure of the plasma equilibrium. Important issues left for future study are listed.
C1 [Toi, K.; Isobe, M.; Osakabe, M.; Todo, Y.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan.
[Ogawa, K.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Spong, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Toi, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, 322-6 Oroshicho, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan.
RI Spong, Donald/C-6887-2012; OGAWA, Kunihiro/E-7516-2013; Todo,
Yasushi/E-7525-2013
OI Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873; OGAWA, Kunihiro/0000-0003-4555-1837;
Todo, Yasushi/0000-0001-9323-8285
FU MEXT [16082209]; JSPS [12480127, 16656287, 18340189, 21340175,
21360457]; LHD [NIFS09ULHH508]
FX The authors acknowledge the LHD experimental team, in particular T
Tokuzawa, K Ida, T Ido, A Shimizu, K Tanaka, T Ito, S Morita, K Nagaoka,
N Nakajima, K Narihara and other collaborators F Watanabe (Kyoto
University), S Yamamoto (Kyoto University), C Nuhrenberg (IPP,
Greifswald), Y I Kolesnichenko (Institute of Nuclear Research, Kiev), G
Matsunaga (JAEA), M Takechi (JAEA), K Shinohara (JAEA) and M Ishikawa
(JAEA) for their excellent supports to this research. The author (K Toi)
is grateful to P Helander (IPP, Greifswald) for his support and
encouragement. This work is supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research from MEXT, No 16082209 and from JSPS, Nos 12480127,
16656287, 18340189, 21340175 and 21360457, and the LHD project budget
(NIFS09ULHH508). This research is also supported by the JSPS-CAS
Core-University Program in the field of 'Plasma and Nuclear Fusion'.
NR 128
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Z9 21
U1 0
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
EI 1361-6587
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
AR 024008
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/53/2/024008
PG 33
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 710KD
UT WOS:000286509600011
ER
PT J
AU Fair, JM
Nemeth, NM
Taylor-McCabe, KJ
Shou, Y
Marrone, BL
AF Fair, J. M.
Nemeth, N. M.
Taylor-McCabe, K. J.
Shou, Y.
Marrone, B. L.
TI Clinical and acquired immunologic responses to West Nile virus infection
of domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE West Nile virus; chicken; immunophenotyping; hematology; antibody;
heterophil:lymphocyte ratio
ID CD8(+) T-CELLS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NORTH-AMERICAN BIRDS;
PASSER-DOMESTICUS; LYMPHOCYTE RATIO; ROCK PIGEONS; B-CELLS;
ENCEPHALITIS; VIRULENCE; IMMUNITY
AB Numerous bird species are highly susceptible to North American strains of West Nile virus (WNV), and although domestic chickens are relatively resistant to WNV-associated disease, this species currently represents the most practical avian model for immune responses to WNV infection. Knowledge of the immunomodulation of susceptibility to WNV in birds is important for understanding taxonomic differences in infection outcomes. While focusing on immunophenotyping of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD45(+) lymphocyte subpopulations, we compared lymphocyte subpopulations, blood chemistries, cloacal temperatures, IgM and IgG antibody titers, and differential whole-blood cell counts of WNV-infected and uninfected hens. Total blood calcium and lymphocyte numbers were lower in WNV-infected chickens compared with uninfected chickens. The heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio increased over time from 2 to 22 d postinoculation (DPI) in uninfected chickens and from 2 to 8 DPI in WNV-infected chickens, although levels declined from 8 to 22 DPI in the latter group. No significant differences were found in the remaining immunological and hematological variables of the WNV-infected and uninfected groups. Our results reaffirm that chickens are resistant to WNV infection, and demonstrated that the heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio differed between groups, allowing for sorting of infection status. Similar patterns in immune responses over time in both infected and uninfected hens may be related to age (i.e., 10 wk) and associated immune development.
C1 [Fair, J. M.; Taylor-McCabe, K. J.; Shou, Y.; Marrone, B. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Nemeth, N. M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Fair, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mailstop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jmfair@lanl.gov
FU Los Alamos National Security LLC [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; US Department of
Energy (Washington, DC); National Institutes of Health National Center
for Research Resources (Bethesda, MD) [P41-RR01315]
FX We thank the following people for excellence in bird care and laboratory
assistance: Chuck Hathcock, David Keller, Lucus Bare, Rhonda Robinson,
and Sherri Sherwood [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)]. In
addition, we thank Richard Bowen for providing laboratory space and
supplies, as well as biosafety level-3 bird space (Colorado State
University). We thank Hector Hinojosa and Mark Jankowski (LANL) for
comments on an early manuscript draft. This research was supported by
the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program through Los
Alamos National Security LLC, operator of the LANL under Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the US Department of Energy (Washington, DC). The
National Flow Cytometry and Sorting Research Resource at LANL is
supported by grant P41-RR01315 from the National Institutes of Health
National Center for Research Resources (Bethesda, MD).
NR 49
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U1 0
U2 8
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 90
IS 2
BP 328
EP 336
DI 10.3382/ps.2010-00809
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 708PQ
UT WOS:000286376600005
PM 21248329
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Lobato, MA
Martinez, AI
Perry, DL
Castro-Roman, M
Zarate, RA
Escobar-Alarcon, L
AF Garcia-Lobato, M. A.
Martinez, Arturo I.
Perry, Dale L.
Castro-Roman, M.
Zarate, R. A.
Escobar-Alarcon, L.
TI Elucidation of the electrochromic mechanism of nanostructured iron
oxides films
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Iron oxide films; Electrochromism; Hematite; Magnetite; Feroxyhyte
ID POTENTIAL CYCLING CONDITIONS; SOL-GEL ROUTE; THIN-FILMS; DELTA-FEOOH;
PH; OXYHYDROXIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE; ELECTRODES; OXIDATION
AB Nanostructured hematite thin films were electrochemically cycled in an aqueous solution of LiOH. Through optical, structural, morphological, and magnetic measurements, the coloration mechanism of electrochromic iron oxide thin films was elucidated. The conditions for double or single electrochromic behavior are given in this work. During the electrochemical cycling, it was found that topotactic transformations of hexagonal crystal structures are favored; i.e. alpha-Fe2O3 to Fe(OH)(2) and subsequently to delta-FeOOH. These topotactic redox reactions are responsible for color changes of iron oxide films. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garcia-Lobato, M. A.; Martinez, Arturo I.; Castro-Roman, M.] Natl Polytech Inst, Ctr Res & Adv Studies, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coah, Mexico.
[Perry, Dale L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zarate, R. A.] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis, Antofagasta, Chile.
[Escobar-Alarcon, L.] Inst Nacl Invest Nucl, Dept Fis, Mexico City 11801, DF, Mexico.
RP Martinez, AI (reprint author), Natl Polytech Inst, Ctr Res & Adv Studies, Cinvestav Campus Saltillo,Carr Saltillo Monterrey, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coah, Mexico.
EM mtz.art@gmail.com
RI Martinez, Arturo/J-3124-2013; Castro Roman, Manuel de Jesus/A-4243-2013
OI Martinez, Arturo/0000-0003-1425-686X; Castro Roman, Manuel de
Jesus/0000-0002-1143-8070
FU Initiative of Multidisciplinary Projects of Cinvestav; Conacyt; U. S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Initiative of Multidisciplinary Projects
of Cinvestav. The support of Conacyt is also recognized. We greatly
thank M.A. Gatica, Alcides Lopez, and Arturo Ponce for fruitful
discussion. MAGL thanks the doctoral scholarship sponsored by Conacyt.
DLP wishes to acknowledge support of the U. S. Department of Energy
under Contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. RA Zarate thanks the Fundacion
Andes under the project C-13876 for the development of experimental
physics.
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 2
BP 751
EP 758
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.10.017
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 716XN
UT WOS:000287006900054
ER
PT J
AU Flores, HGG
Roussel, P
Moore, DP
Pugmire, DL
AF Flores, H. G. Garcia
Roussel, P.
Moore, D. P.
Pugmire, D. L.
TI Characterization and stability of thin oxide films on plutonium surfaces
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE XPS; AES; Plutonium; Oxidation
ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY; PHOTOEMISSION; XPS; PU;
TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; DIAGRAM
AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were employed to study oxide films on plutonium metal surfaces. Measurements of the relative concentrations of oxygen and plutonium, as well as the resulting oxidation states of the plutonium (Pu) species in the near-surface region are presented. The oxide product of the auto-reduction (AR) of plutonium dioxide films is evaluated and found to be an oxide species which is reduced further than what is expected. The results of this study show a much greater than anticipated extent of auto-reduction and challenge the commonly held notion of the stoichiometric stability of Pu(2)O(3) thin-films. The data indicates that a sub-stoichiometric plutonium oxide (Pu(2)O(3-y)) exists at the metal-oxide interface. The level of sub-stoichiometry is shown to depend, in part, on the carbidic contamination of the metal surface. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Flores, H. G. Garcia; Pugmire, D. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Flores, H. G. Garcia; Moore, D. P.; Pugmire, D. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Roussel, P.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading, Berks, England.
RP Pugmire, DL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM dpugmire@lanl.gov
OI Moore, David/0000-0002-0645-587X
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 605
IS 3-4
BP 314
EP 320
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2010.10.034
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 716KQ
UT WOS:000286967900008
ER
PT J
AU Sorescu, DC
AF Sorescu, Dan C.
TI Adsorption and activation of CO coadsorbed with K on Fe(100) surface: A
plane-wave DFT study
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Iron; Chemisorption; Surface chemical reactions; Carbon monoxide; Alkali
metals; Density functional theory
ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; PROMOTED IRON
CATALYSTS; POTASSIUM ADSORPTION; BASIS-SET; DENSITY; FE(110); ALGORITHM;
MOLECULES; DIFFUSION
AB The adsorption and diffusion properties of K atoms together with the coadsorption effects induced upon CO activation on Fe(100) surface have been studied using spin-polarized plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the generalized gradient approximation. Preferential adsorption of K atoms takes place at surface hollow sites and diffusion among these sites has a small activation energy of only 0.7 kcal/mol. Substitutional adsorption of K at a surface Fe site is also possible but only at high temperatures required to overcome a barrier of about 36.0 kcal/mol. A systematic analysis of the modifications of binding properties for molecular (CO) and atomic (C,O) species upon interaction with K has been performed both as function of the relative separations as well as coverage using a series of (4 x 4), (3 x 3) and (2 x 2) supercell models. The presence of K leads to stabilization of both C and O species but in the last case significant variations were observed only when O is bonded at a bridge site. For CO molecule a relatively large range of stabilization energies can be induced by coadsorbed K depending on the relative CO-K separation and K coverage. The largest stabilization effects are observed at small separations, when K is located at a hollow site adjacent to CO binding site. In such cases the increase in binding takes place with important red shifts of CO vibrational frequency and with relatively large bond elongations, independent of CO binding mode on the surface. Relative to the bare surface, the presence of K was also found to reduce CO activation energies by as much as 6.2-7.8 kcal/mol, i.e. 25-31%, function of the relative separation and molecular coverage. Such effects have been correlated with the charge transfer from K to Fe surface and to CO molecule leading to an increased stabilization primarily of O and somewhat less of C species in the transition state and to reduction of the bond competition between CO and the surface atoms. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Sorescu, DC (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM sorescu@netl.doe.gov
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 605
IS 3-4
BP 401
EP 414
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2010.11.009
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 716KQ
UT WOS:000286967900020
ER
PT J
AU Corley, RA
Saghir, SA
Bartels, MJ
Hansen, SC
Creim, J
McMartin, KE
Snellings, WM
AF Corley, R. A.
Saghir, S. A.
Bartels, M. J.
Hansen, S. C.
Creim, J.
McMartin, K. E.
Snellings, W. M.
TI Extension of a PBPK model for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid to
include the competitive formation and clearance of metabolites
associated with kidney toxicity in rats and humans
SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethylene glycol; Glycolic acid; Glyoxylic acid; Oxalic acid; Calcium
oxalate; Kidney toxicity; PBPK modeling
ID CALCIUM-OXALATE MONOHYDRATE; OXALIC-ACID; URINARY OXALATE; FEMALE RAT;
INHALATION; WISTAR; EXCRETION; EXPOSURE; KINETICS; TISSUE
AB A previously developed PBPK model for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid was extended to include glyoxylic acid, oxalic acid, and the precipitation of calcium oxalate that is associated with kidney toxicity in rats and humans. The development and evaluation of the PBPK model was based upon previously published pharmacokinetic studies coupled with measured blood and tissue partition coefficients and rates of in vitro metabolism of glyoxylic acid to oxalic acid, glycine and other metabolites using primary hepatocytes isolated from male Wistar rats and humans. Precipitation of oxalic acid with calcium in the kidneys was assumed to occur only at concentrations exceeding the thermodynamic solubility product for calcium oxalate. This solubility product can be affected by local concentrations of calcium and other ions that are expressed in the model using an ion activity product estimated from toxicity studies such that calcium oxalate precipitation would be minimal at dietary exposures below the NOAEL for kidney toxicity in the sensitive male Wistar rat. The resulting integrated PBPK predicts that bolus oral or dietary exposures to ethylene glycol would result in typically 1.4-1.6-fold higher peak oxalate levels and 1.6-2-fold higher AUC's for calcium oxalate in kidneys of humans as compared with comparably exposed male Wistar rats over a dose range of 1-1000 mg/kg. The converse (male Wistar rats predicted to have greater oxalate levels in the kidneys than humans) was found for inhalation exposures although no accumulation of calcium oxalate is predicted to occur until exposures are well in excess of the theoretical saturated vapor concentration of 200 mg/m(3). While the current model is capable of such cross-species, dose, and route-of-exposure comparisons, it also highlights several areas of potential research that will improve confidence in such predictions, especially at low doses relevant for most human exposures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Corley, R. A.; Creim, J.] Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Saghir, S. A.; Bartels, M. J.; Hansen, S. C.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
[McMartin, K. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Shreveport, LA 71130 USA.
RP Corley, RA (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P7-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rick.corley@pnl.gov
FU Ethylene Glycol Panel, American Chemistry Council; Battelle Pacific
Northwest Division
FX This study was funded by the Ethylene Glycol Panel, American Chemistry
Council as a contract with Battelle Pacific Northwest Division. Three
co-authors (R.A. Corley, J. Creim, and K.E. McMartin) have no conflicts
of interest. Four co-authors (S.A. Saghir, M.J. Bartels, S.C. Hansen,
and W.M. Snellings) are either current or retired employees of one of
the ACC Panel member companies.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0041-008X
J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM
JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 250
IS 3
BP 229
EP 244
DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.10.011
PG 16
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 710YH
UT WOS:000286552400002
PM 21074520
ER
PT J
AU Miri, AK
Mitri, FG
AF Miri, Amir K.
Mitri, Farid G.
TI ACOUSTIC RADIATION FORCE ON A SPHERICAL CONTRAST AGENT SHELL NEAR A
VESSEL POROUS WALL - THEORY
SO ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultrasonic contrast agents; Drug delivery; Vessel wall interaction;
Impedance boundary; Time-averaged radiation force function; Spherical
shell
ID ORDER BESSEL BEAM; STANDING-WAVE FIELD; INTERPARTICLE FORCES;
DRUG-DELIVERY; SOUND FIELD; ULTRASOUND; SCATTERING; MICROBUBBLES;
LIQUIDS; BUBBLES
AB Contrast agent microshells (CAMSs) are under intensive investigation for their wide applications in biomedical imaging and drug delivery. In drug delivery applications, CAMSs are guided to the targeted site before fragmentation by high-intensity ultrasound waves leading to the drug release. Prediction of the acoustic radiation force used to nondestructively guide a CAMS to the suspected site is becoming increasingly important and gaining attention particularly because it increases the system efficiency. The goal of this work is to present a theoretical model for the time-averaged (static) acoustic radiation force experienced by a CAMS near a blood vessel wall. An exact solution for the scattering of normal incident plane acoustic waves on an air-filled elastic spherical shell immersed in a nonviscous fluid near a porous and nonrigid boundary is employed to evaluate the radiation force function (which is the radiation force per unit energy density per unit cross-sectional surface). A particular example is chosen to illustrate the behavior of the time-averaged (static) radiation force on an elastic polyethylene spherical shell near a porous wall, with particular emphasis on the relative thickness of the shell and the distance from its center to the wall. This proposed model allows obtaining a priori information on the static radiation force that may be used to advantage in related as drug delivery and contrast agent imaging. This study should assist in the development of improved models for the evaluation of the time-averaged acoustic radiation force on a cluster of CAMSs in viscous and heat-conducting fluids. (E-mail: mitri@lanl.gov) (C) 2011 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.
C1 [Mitri, Farid G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Acoust & Sensors Te, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Miri, Amir K.] McGill Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Biomech Lab, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Acoust & Sensors Te, MPA-11,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mitri@lanl.gov
OI Miri, Amir K./0000-0003-0685-0770
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory [LDRD-X9N9]
FX Dr. Mitri acknowledges the financial support provided through a
Director's fellowship (LDRD-X9N9) from the Los Alamos National
Laboratory. Disclosure: This unclassified publication, with the
following reference no. LA-UR 10-07581, has been approved for unlimited
public release under DUSA ENSCI.
NR 53
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0301-5629
J9 ULTRASOUND MED BIOL
JI Ultrasound Med. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 2
BP 301
EP 311
DI 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.11.006
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 709QR
UT WOS:000286456900015
PM 21257091
ER
PT J
AU Giagnoni, L
Magherini, F
Landi, L
Taghavi, S
Modesti, A
Bini, L
Nannipieri, P
Van der Lelie, D
Renella, G
AF Giagnoni, L.
Magherini, F.
Landi, L.
Taghavi, S.
Modesti, A.
Bini, L.
Nannipieri, P.
Van der Lelie, D.
Renella, G.
TI Extraction of microbial proteome from soil: potential and limitations
assessed through a model study
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC NITROGEN; PROTEINS; PLANTS; MONTMORILLONITE; ADSORPTION;
GLOMALIN; MATTER; TOXIN
AB Proteomics is the study of functions and regulation of biological systems based on the analysis of the protein expression profile, and there is a general agreement that soil proteomics may be a tool for better soil management. Because of the ability of soils to stabilize extracellular proteins by various mechanisms, development of soil proteomics needs an assessment of the efficiency of protein extraction from various soil types. We evaluated the possibility of extraction of soil microbial proteome by inoculating Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34, which has a known proteome, into sterile sand, kaolinite, montmorillonite and a mixture of sand, kaolinite, montmorillonite, goethite and humic acids. One hour after inoculation, the viability of C. metallidurans was determined by the colony-forming units method (CFU), the amount of extracted proteins was determined by the Bradford method and the bacterial proteome was analysed by the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique (2D-GE). The bacterial number was 2.5 x 106 CFU g-1 of soil in all microcosms, whereas the total extracted protein content varied from 98.1 to 1268 mu g g-1 in the various microcosms, but was undetectable in the inoculated montmorillonite. The number of protein spots from the bacterial culture and the inoculated microcosms varied between 317 and 591, with 54 variable spots among the pure culture and the microcosms. No protein spots were detected in the 2D-GE from the montmorillonite microcosm. The 2D-GE of artificial soil microcosms showed a protein pattern that was different from those of pure culture and sand and kaolinite microcosms. The results confirm the importance of clay-specific surface area and CEC in protein adsorption as montmorillonite alone had the largest sorptive capacity, and show that the artificial soil used also had a large sorptive capacity for microbial proteins. Globally, the results indicate that the extraction of proteins from soils is strongly influenced by the clay type and organic matter content, and that poor protein extraction efficiency may reduce the potential of soil proteomics.
C1 [Giagnoni, L.; Landi, L.; Nannipieri, P.; Renella, G.] Univ Florence, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Florence, Italy.
[Magherini, F.; Modesti, A.] Univ Florence, Dept Biochem Sci, Florence, Italy.
[Taghavi, S.; Van der Lelie, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bini, L.] Univ Siena, Dept Mol Biol, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
RP Renella, G (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Florence, Italy.
EM giancarlo.renella@unifi.it
RI magherini, francesca/A-2991-2014;
OI magherini, francesca/0000-0001-8388-0952; NANNIPIERI,
PAOLO/0000-0002-5488-2593; Bini, Luca/0000-0001-8951-2106
NR 46
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1351-0754
J9 EUR J SOIL SCI
JI Eur. J. Soil Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 1
BP 74
EP 81
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01322.x
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 706NM
UT WOS:000286225100010
ER
PT J
AU Jin, H
Lu, WY
Cordill, MJ
Schmidegg, K
AF Jin, H.
Lu, W. -Y.
Cordill, M. J.
Schmidegg, K.
TI In situ Study of Cracking and Buckling of Chromium Films on PET
Substrates
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cr on PET; Crack; Buckle; Tensile loading; In situ AFM imaging
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; IMAGE CORRELATION TECHNIQUES; METAL CERAMIC
INTERFACE; COMPLIANT SUBSTRATE; FRAGMENTATION TEST; DEFORMATION;
ADHESION; STRENGTH
AB Chromium (Cr) films are widely used as interlayers to promote the adhesion of copper or gold to substrates. However, the Cr interlayer usually fractures at lower strains than the ductile metal films. In this paper, the cracking and buckling behavior of Cr films on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates were studied in situ under tensile loading with the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and optical microscope imaging. Cr films with three nominal thicknesses of 15, 70 and 140 nm were studied. The depth and width of the cracks, as well as the height and width of the buckles, were measured from AFM images acquired at incremental loading steps. The buckle shapes at different strain levels were carefully examined using AFM line profile. It was found that at large strain levels the measured buckle shapes usually deviated from the elastic buckling mode shapes. Further in situ AFM imaging of the buckles at a smaller scan area revealed that in some cases the buckles were cracked at the apex. These in situ nanoscale measurements provided experimental observations and data for further model development and more accurate measurement of the interfacial fracture energy at the Cr-PET interface.
C1 [Jin, H.; Lu, W. -Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Cordill, M. J.] Univ Min & Met Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
[Schmidegg, K.] Hueck Folien GmbH, Baumgartenberg, Austria.
RP Jin, H (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM hjin@sandia.gov; megan.cordill@oeaw.ac.at
OI Cordill, Megan/0000-0003-1142-8312
FU Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94-AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. G. Dehm is acknowledged for helpful
discussions during manuscript preparations.
NR 21
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0014-4851
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 2
BP 219
EP 227
DI 10.1007/s11340-010-9359-x
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 711VF
UT WOS:000286618800007
ER
PT J
AU Ravindranath, NH
Chaturvedi, RK
Joshi, NV
Sukumar, R
Sathaye, J
AF Ravindranath, N. H.
Chaturvedi, Rajiv K.
Joshi, N. V.
Sukumar, R.
Sathaye, Jayant
TI Implications of climate change on mitigation potential estimates for
forest sector in India
SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE BIOME4; Climate change; Forests; GCOMAP; IBIS; India; Mitigation
potential; Net primary productivity
ID CARBON; MODELS; CO2
AB Climate change is projected to impact forest ecosystems, including biodiversity and Net Primary Productivity (NPP). National level carbon forest sector mitigation potential estimates are available for India; however impacts of projected climate change are not included in the mitigation potential estimates. Change in NPP (in gC/m(2)/yr) is taken to represent the impacts of climate change. Long term impacts of climate change (2085) on the NPP of Indian forests are available; however no such regional estimates are available for short and medium terms. The present study based on GCM climatology scenarios projects the short, medium and long term impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems especially on NPP using BIOME4 vegetation model. We estimate that under A2 scenario by the year 2030 the NPP changes by (-5) to 40% across different agro-ecological zones (AEZ). By 2050 it increases by 15% to 59% and by 2070 it increases by 34 to 84%. However, under B2 scenario it increases only by 3 to 25%, 3.5 to 34% and (-2.5) to 38% respectively, in the same time periods. The cumulative mitigation potential is estimated to increase by up to 21% (by nearly 1 GtC) under A2 scenario between the years 2008 and 2108, whereas, under B2 the mitigation potential increases only by 14% (646 MtC). However, cumulative mitigation potential estimates obtained from IBIS-a dynamic global vegetation model suggest much smaller gains, where mitigation potential increases by only 6% and 5% during the period 2008 to 2108.
C1 [Ravindranath, N. H.] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Sustainable Technol, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
[Chaturvedi, Rajiv K.; Joshi, N. V.; Sukumar, R.] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Ecol Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
[Sathaye, Jayant] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ravindranath, NH (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Sustainable Technol, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
EM ravi@ces.iisc.ernet.in
RI Raman, Sukumar/C-9809-2013
FU Climate Economics Branch, Climate Change Division, US Environmental
Protection Agency through the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Climate Economics Branch, Climate Change Division,
US Environmental Protection Agency through Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory;
Royal Norwegian Embassy
FX This work was supported by the Climate Economics Branch, Climate Change
Division, US Environmental Protection Agency through the US Department
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, through Lawrence
Berkeley Laboratory. The IBIS modeling component of the research was
supported by the Royal Norwegian Embassy. We thank IITM, Pune, and in
particular K Krishna Kumar and Savita Patwardhan for providing HadRM3
climate projections under the NATCOM project.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1381-2386
J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL
JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 16
IS 2
SI SI
BP 211
EP 227
DI 10.1007/s11027-010-9256-8
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 712OG
UT WOS:000286675500007
ER
PT J
AU Dmitriev, VV
Crowley, D
Rogachevsky, VV
Negri, CM
Rusakova, TG
Kolesnikova, SA
Akhmetov, LI
AF Dmitriev, Vladimir V.
Crowley, David
Rogachevsky, Vadim V.
Negri, Cristina Maria
Rusakova, Tatiana G.
Kolesnikova, Svetlana A.
Akhmetov, Lenar I.
TI Microorganisms form exocellular structures, trophosomes, to facilitate
biodegradation of oil in aqueous media
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE microbial trophic structures; cytochemistry; 3D visualization
ID INTERFACE; BACTERIA; WATER
AB Cytochemical staining and microscopy were used to study the trophic structures and cellular morphotypes that are produced during the colonization of oil-water interfaces by oil-degrading yeasts and bacteria. Among the microorganisms studied here, the yeasts (Schwanniomyces occidentalis, Torulopsis candida, Candida tropicalis, Candida lipolytica, Candida maltosa, Candida paralipolytica) and two representative bacteria (Rhodococcus sp. and Pseudomonas putida) produced exocellular structures composed of biopolymers during growth on petroleum hydrocarbons. Four of the yeasts including S. occidentalis, T. candida, C. tropicalis and C. maltosa excreted polymers through modified sites in their cell wall ('canals'), whereas C. lipolytica and C. paralipolytica and the two bacterial species secreted polymers over the entire cell surface. These polymers took the form of fibrils and films that clogged pores and cavities on the surfaces of the oil droplets. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the cavities using serial thin sections showed that the exopolymer films isolated the ambient aqueous medium together with microbial cells and oil to form both closed and open granules that contained pools of oxidative enzymes utilized for the degradation of the oil hydrocarbons. The formation of such granules, or 'trophosomes,' appears to be a fundamental process that facilitates the efficient degradation of oil in aqueous media.
C1 [Dmitriev, Vladimir V.; Rusakova, Tatiana G.; Kolesnikova, Svetlana A.; Akhmetov, Lenar I.] Russian Acad Sci, GK Skryabin Inst Biochem & Physiol Microorganisms, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
[Crowley, David] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Rogachevsky, Vadim V.] Inst Cell Biophys, Pushchino, Russia.
[Negri, Cristina Maria] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Dmitriev, VV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, GK Skryabin Inst Biochem & Physiol Microorganisms, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
EM vdmitrieva@ibpm.pushchino.ru
RI Crowley, David/C-1216-2014;
OI Crowley, David/0000-0002-1805-8599; Rogachevsky,
Vadim/0000-0001-9611-419X
FU US Department of Energy (GIPP) through ISTC [4033]; Russian Foundation
of Fundamental Research [RFFI-08-04-01449-a]
FX We acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy (GIPP) through
ISTC project #4033 and a grant from the Russian Foundation of
Fundamental Research (RFFI-08-04-01449-a).
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0378-1097
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 315
IS 2
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02184.x
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 706JA
UT WOS:000286213000010
PM 21182540
ER
PT J
AU Lynch, TP
AF Lynch, Timothy P.
TI In Vivo Radiobioassay and Research Facility
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE operational topics; bioassay; detector, radiation; whole body counting
AB Bioassay monitoring for intakes of radioactive material is an essential part of the internal dosimetry program for radiation workers at the Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site. This monitoring program includes direct measurements of radionuclides in the body by detecting photons that exit the body and analyses of radionuclides in excreta samples. The specialized equipment and instrumentation required to make the direct measurements of radionuclides in the body are located at the In Vivo Radiobioassay and Research Facility (IVRRF). The construction of the IVRRF was completed in January 1959 and was designed expressly for the in vivo measurement of radioactive material in Hanford workers. The IVRRF is located in Richland, WA, in the southeastern corner of the state. Most routine in vivo measurements are performed annually and special measurements are performed as needed. The primary source terms at the Hanford Site include fission and activation products (primarily Cs-137 and Sr-90), uranium, uranium progeny, and transuranic radionuclides. The facility currently houses five shielded counting systems, men's and women's change rooms, and an instrument maintenance and repair shop. These systems are used to perform an average of 7,000 measurements annually. This includes approximately 5,000 whole body measurements analyzed for fission and activation products and 2,000 lung measurements analyzed for americium and uranium. Various other types of measurements are performed periodically to estimate activity in wounds, the thyroid, the liver, and the skeleton. The staff maintains the capability to detect and quantify activity in essentially any tissue or organ. The in vivo monitoring program that utilizes the facility is accredited by the Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program for direct radiobioassay. This manuscript provides an overview of the facilities and equipment at the IVRRF and the in vivo measurement methods used to monitor workers with a potential for an occupational intake of radioactive material. Health Phys. 100(Supplement 1):S35-S40; 2011
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Lynch, TP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,Mailstop B1-60, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM tim.lynch@pnl.gov
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 100
IS 2
SU S
BP S35
EP S40
DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181edaad2
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 705VO
UT WOS:000286169000006
ER
PT J
AU Ali, S
Stute, M
Torgersen, T
Winckler, G
Kennedy, BM
AF Ali, S.
Stute, M.
Torgersen, T.
Winckler, G.
Kennedy, B. M.
TI Helium measurements of pore fluids obtained from the San Andreas Fault
Observatory at Depth (SAFOD, USA) drill cores
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Stable isotopes; Pore fluids; Porosity; Tortuosity; USA
ID NOBLE-GASES; MANTLE FLUIDS; POROUS-MEDIA; GROUNDWATER; WATERS; BASIN;
ISOTOPE; CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT; MODELS
AB (4)He accumulated in fluids is a well established geochemical tracer used to study crustal fluid dynamics. Direct fluid samples are not always collectable; therefore, a method to extract rare gases from matrix fluids of whole rocks by diffusion has been adapted. Helium was measured on matrix fluids extracted from sandstones and mudstones recovered during the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) drilling in California, USA. Samples were typically collected as subcores or from drillcore fragments. Helium concentration and isotope ratios were measured 4-6 times on each sample, and indicate a bulk (4)He diffusion coefficient of 3.5 +/- 1.3 x 10(-8) cm(2) s(-1) at 21A degrees C, compared to previously published diffusion coefficients of 1.2 x 10(-18) cm(2) s(-1) (21A degrees C) to 3.0 x 10(-15) cm(2) s(-1) (150A degrees C) in the sands and clays. Correcting the diffusion coefficient of (4)He(water) for matrix porosity (similar to 3%) and tortuosity (similar to 6-13) produces effective diffusion coefficients of 1 x 10(-8) cm(2) s(-1) (21A degrees C) and 1 x 10(-7) (120A degrees C), effectively isolating pore fluid (4)He from the (4)He contained in the rock matrix. Model calculations indicate that < 6% of helium initially dissolved in pore fluids was lost during the sampling process. Complete and quantitative extraction of the pore fluids provide minimum in situ porosity values for sandstones 2.8 A +/- 0.4% (SD, n = 4) and mudstones 3.1 A +/- 0.8% (SD, n = 4).
C1 [Ali, S.; Kennedy, B. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ali, S.; Stute, M.; Torgersen, T.; Winckler, G.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Ali, S.; Winckler, G.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Stute, M.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Environm Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Torgersen, T.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Torgersen, T.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP Ali, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS70A 4418, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM shahlaali@lbl.gov
FU US National Science Foundation [EAR 04-54514, 07-45965]; Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy
[DEAC02-05CH11231]
FX We are grateful to the SAFOD principle investigators B. Ellsworth, S.
Hickman, and M. Zoback for their help and support before, during, and
after the field experiment; and J. Thorsdsen (US Geological Survey) for
fluid sampling and W. Evans (US Geological Survey) for Ar analysis of
the fluid samples. We would like to extend special thanks to W.
Harcourt-Smith (American Museum of Natural History, New York State) for
the use of their 3D laser scanner and to L. Baker (LDEO) for assistance
with analytical measurements of pore fluids. This work was supported by
the US National Science Foundation under grants EAR 04-54514 and
07-45965. This work was partially funded by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences
and Bioscience Program of the US Department of Energy under contract No.
DEAC02-05CH11231. This is LDEO contribution No. 7393.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 1
BP 237
EP 247
DI 10.1007/s10040-010-0645-6
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 706HT
UT WOS:000286209700020
ER
PT J
AU Massover, WH
AF Massover, William H.
TI Introduction to Special Issue of Micron: "Biological specimen
preparation and preservation for high resolution microscopies"
SO MICRON
LA English
DT Review
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Massover, WH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wmassover@anl.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-4328
J9 MICRON
JI Micron
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 2
SI SI
BP 97
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.micron.2010.08.012
PG 3
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 707QN
UT WOS:000286301200001
PM 20888777
ER
PT J
AU Wang, HB
Downing, KH
AF Wang, Huaibin
Downing, Kenneth H.
TI Specimen preparation for electron diffraction of thin crystals
SO MICRON
LA English
DT Review
DE Electron crystallography; Diffraction; Specimen preparation; Protein
structure
ID LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; CARBON SUPPORT FILMS; ALPHA-BETA-TUBULIN;
MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; PURPLE MEMBRANE; HALOBACTERIUM-HALOBIUM;
2-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALS; 2D CRYSTALLIZATION; STRUCTURAL BASIS; PHOE PORIN
AB Electron crystallography has become a powerful approach for structural characterization of two-dimensional (2-D) protein crystals. The crystallographic approach provides the simplest route to the type of averaging that is essential for obtaining high resolution structural information from radiation-sensitive samples such as organic molecules. Several atomic or near atomic resolution protein structures have been solved by using cryo-electron crystallography and most of them involved using both image and electron diffraction data. An essential step in either type of work is preparation of specimens suitable for electron microscopy which retain their native state and high degree of order. Methods for preserving samples in a near-native, hydrated state have been developed, with minor variations for different specimens. The major challenge of collecting electron diffraction data particularly at high tilt angle is the blurring of diffraction spots due to imperfect flatness of the crystals. This paper discusses specimen preparation methods for electron crystallographic data collection of 2-D protein crystals with particular emphasis on the factors which affect the flatness of crystals. We also discuss some of the aspects of the data collection protocols which are particular to work with crystals. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wang, Huaibin; Downing, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Downing, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM khdowning@lbl.gov
FU National Institutes of Health [GM51487]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work has been supported by National Institutes of Health grant and
GM51487 and by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-4328
J9 MICRON
JI Micron
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 2
SI SI
BP 132
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.micron.2010.05.003
PG 9
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 707QN
UT WOS:000286301200005
PM 20561794
ER
PT J
AU Brandizzi, F
Mullen, R
AF Brandizzi, Federica
Mullen, Robert
TI Organelle biogenesis and communication in plant cells
SO PLANT CELL REPORTS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Mullen, Robert] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM fb@msu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0721-7714
J9 PLANT CELL REP
JI Plant Cell Reports
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 30
IS 2
BP 135
EP 136
DI 10.1007/s00299-010-0980-z
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 706FP
UT WOS:000286203600002
PM 21207034
ER
PT J
AU Iavarone, M
Karapetrov, G
Fedor, J
Rosenmann, D
AF Iavarone, M.
Karapetrov, G.
Fedor, J.
Rosenmann, D.
TI The spectroscopic signature of the Co magnetic state in CoxNbSe2
superconducting single crystals
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-TUNNELING OBSERVATION; IMPURITIES; ALLOYS; NIOBIUM;
TEMPERATURE; NBSE2; MN
AB The magnetic state of Co in NbSe2 has been studied with low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The local density of states (DOS) at the surface of CoxNbSe2, for different dopings x, does not show bound states predicted in the case of superconductors with magnetic impurities. Only occasionally local asymmetries in the DOS are found at some impurity sites and they appear to be very local. These asymmetries, together with a very low magnetic moment obtained from susceptibility measurements, point towards a possible Kondo effect at play. Tunneling spectra recorded at the impurity site in the presence of a magnetic field of 7 T (i.e. when the sample is in the normal state) show a dip-like feature at the Fermi energy, reminiscent of the Fano resonance observed in magnetic adatoms on metallic surfaces.
C1 [Iavarone, M.] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Iavarone, M.; Karapetrov, G.; Fedor, J.; Rosenmann, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Karapetrov, G.; Fedor, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia.
RP Iavarone, M (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
EM iavarone@temple.edu
RI Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008
OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137
FU UChicago Argonne, LLC; US Department of Energy Office of Science
laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors would like to thank K Matveev, A Koshelev and A Balatski for
useful discussions. This work as well as the use of the Center for
Nanoscale Materials and the Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne
National Laboratory were supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of
Argonne National Laboratory ('Argonne'). Argonne, a US Department of
Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under contract no.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
EI 1361-6668
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
AR 024010
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/24/2/024010
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 708QR
UT WOS:000286379900011
ER
PT J
AU Karapetrov, G
Belkin, A
Iavarone, M
Yefremenko, V
Pearson, JE
Divan, R
Cambel, V
Novosad, V
AF Karapetrov, G.
Belkin, A.
Iavarone, M.
Yefremenko, V.
Pearson, J. E.
Divan, R.
Cambel, V.
Novosad, V.
TI Dimensionality crossover in vortex dynamics of magnetically coupled
F-S-F hybrids
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BA-CU-O; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; DOMAIN STRUCTURE;
FERROMAGNET
AB We report on the vortex dynamics in magnetically coupled F-S-F trilayers extracted from the analysis of the resistance-current isotherms. The superconducting thin film that is conventionally in the 2D vortex limit exhibits quite different behavior when sandwiched between ferromagnetic layers. The value of the dynamic critical exponent strongly increases in the F-S-F case due to screening of the stray vortex field by the adjacent ferromagnetic layers, leading to an effective dimensional crossover in vortex dynamics. Furthermore, the directional pinning by the magnetic stripe domains induces anisotropy in the vortex glass transition temperature and causes metastable avalanche behavior at strong driving currents.
C1 [Karapetrov, G.; Belkin, A.; Iavarone, M.; Yefremenko, V.; Pearson, J. E.; Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Karapetrov, G.; Cambel, V.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia.
[Iavarone, M.] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Divan, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Karapetrov, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM goran@anl.gov
RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008; Novosad, V
/J-4843-2015
OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137;
FU UChicago Argonne, LLC; US Department of Energy Office of Science
laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; ERDF [26240120019]
FX We would like to thank Dr Proslier for preparing the
Al2O3 thin films. This work as well as the use of
the Center for Nanoscale Materials and the Electron Microscopy Center at
Argonne National Laboratory were supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ('Argonne'). Argonne, a US
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This publication is the result of the
project implementation: Development of the Centre of Excellence for New
Technologies in Electrical Engineering- 2nd stage, ITMS code
26240120019, supported by the Research & Development Operational
Programme funded by the ERDF.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
AR 024012
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/24/2/024012
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 708QR
UT WOS:000286379900013
ER
PT J
AU Marchevsky, M
Higgins, MJ
Bhattacharya, S
Fratello, VJ
AF Marchevsky, M.
Higgins, M. J.
Bhattacharya, S.
Fratello, V. J.
TI Imaging of topological magnetic pinning in superconductor-ferrimagnet
bilayer with scanning Hall microscopy
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB In a superconducting film deposited on ferromagnetic substrate with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, vortex matter is confined by the magnetic potential landscape. Using scanning Hall microscopy we visualize flux accumulation and removal in a superconductor-ferrimagnet (S/F) bilayer prepared by rf sputtering of thin niobium film on bismuth-doped rare-earth iron garnet. Penetration of the perpendicular magnetic field in the S/F bilayer follows magnetic domain boundaries and is laterally guided by the garnet magnetization component along the field direction. Upon field removal, localization of the remnant flux at the disclination points of the labyrinthine domain pattern is observed. Our experiments show evidence for strong vortex pinning due the special topology of the domain pattern. Ac magnetic imaging of the transport current distribution in the bilayer reveals complex flow paths commensurate with the magnetic domain boundaries. Topological magnetic pinning can be a useful tool for enhancement and control of critical current in thin film superconductors.
C1 [Marchevsky, M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 12344 USA.
[Higgins, M. J.] Princeton High Sch, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Bhattacharya, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
[Fratello, V. J.] Integrated Photon Inc, Hillsborough, NJ 08844 USA.
RP Marchevsky, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA.
EM mmartchevskii@lbl.gov
FU Syracuse University
FX The authors are grateful to M Konczykowsky for useful discussions.
Financial support from Syracuse University is acknowledged.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
AR 024006
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/24/2/024006
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 708QR
UT WOS:000286379900007
ER
PT J
AU Modzel, G
Kamke, FA
De Carlo, F
AF Modzel, G.
Kamke, F. A.
De Carlo, F.
TI Comparative analysis of a wood: adhesive bondline
SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESIN PENETRATION; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; TOMOGRAPHY; BONDS; GLUE
AB The wood-adhesive interface was analyzed using five methods with the objective of quantitatively assessing penetration of adhesive into the porous wood network. Methods included fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, backscatter electron imaging, wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray microtomography (XMT). Each method provided a visual inspection, and all of the analysis methods were applied to the same field of view. XMT was the primary technique of interest. Rubidium hydroxide was used in place of sodium hydroxide in the formulation of phenol-formaldehyde adhesive. Rubidium was found to increase the X-ray attenuation of the adhesive. However, rubidium migrated beyond the adhesive interphase during specimen preparation, thus reducing its effectiveness for image contrast enhancement. The wood species studied included red oak (Quercus rubra), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and hybrid poplar (Populus deltoides x Populus trichocarpa). All techniques used for this study were useful, but each presented some limitations for bondline analysis. Despite the problem with rubidium migration, XMT for this application was promising.
C1 [Modzel, G.; Kamke, F. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[De Carlo, F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kamke, FA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, 119 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM fred.kamke@oregonstate.edu
RI Kamke, Fred/E-1350-2011
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Center for Wood Utilization Research, USDA
CSREES [2005-34158-16380]; JELD-WEN Foundation
FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Financial support was provided by Center
for Wood Utilization Research, USDA CSREES Special Grant
2005-34158-16380 and the JELD-WEN Foundation. Technical support and
materials were provided by Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Springfield,
Oregon. The authors thank Katherine Parker for editing the paper.
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0043-7719
J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL
JI Wood Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 1
BP 147
EP 158
DI 10.1007/s00226-010-0304-z
PG 12
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 706CS
UT WOS:000286195200012
ER
PT J
AU Dunlavy, DM
Kolda, TG
Acar, E
AF Dunlavy, Daniel M.
Kolda, Tamara G.
Acar, Evrim
TI Temporal Link Prediction Using Matrix and Tensor Factorizations
SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE Link mining; link prediction; evolution; tensor factorization;
CANDECOMP; PARAFAC
AB The data in many disciplines such as social networks, Web analysis, etc. is link-based, and the link structure can be exploited for many different data mining tasks. In this article, we consider the problem of temporal link prediction: Given link data for times 1 through T, can we predict the links at time T + 1? If our data has underlying periodic structure, can we predict out even further in time, i.e., links at time T + 2, T + 3, etc.? In this article, we consider bipartite graphs that evolve over time and consider matrix-and tensor-based methods for predicting future links. We present a weight-based method for collapsing multiyear data into a single matrix. We show how the well-known Katz method for link prediction can be extended to bipartite graphs and, moreover, approximated in a scalable way using a truncated singular value decomposition. Using a CANDECOMP/PARAFAC tensor decomposition of the data, we illustrate the usefulness of exploiting the natural three-dimensional structure of temporal link data. Through several numerical experiments, we demonstrate that both matrix-and tensor-based techniques are effective for temporal link prediction despite the inherent difficulty of the problem. Additionally, we show that tensor-based techniques are particularly effective for temporal data with varying periodic patterns.
C1 [Dunlavy, Daniel M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Kolda, Tamara G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Dunlavy, DM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM dmdunla@sandia.gov; tgkolda@sandia.gov; evrim.acar@bte.tubitak.gov.tr
RI Kolda, Tamara/B-1628-2009; Acar, Evrim/A-7161-2015
OI Kolda, Tamara/0000-0003-4176-2493; Acar, Evrim/0000-0002-3737-292X
FU Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research & Development
(LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 40
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 16
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 1556-4681
J9 ACM T KNOWL DISCOV D
JI ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
AR 10
DI 10.1145/1921632.1921636
PG 27
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 879OV
UT WOS:000299341700004
ER
PT J
AU Vasudevan, RK
Chen, YC
Tai, HH
Balke, N
Wu, PP
Bhattacharya, S
Chen, LQ
Chu, YH
Lin, IN
Kalinin, SV
Nagarajan, V
AF Vasudevan, Rama K.
Chen, Yi-Chun
Tai, Hsiang-Hua
Balke, Nina
Wu, Pingping
Bhattacharya, Saswata
Chen, L. Q.
Chu, Ying-Hao
Lin, I-Nan
Kalinin, Sergei V.
Nagarajan, Valanoor
TI Exploring Topological Defects in Epitaxial BiFeO3 Thin Films
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE BiFeO3; closure-domain; topological defects; multiferroic; thin-film;
PPM
ID FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; STABILITY; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS
AB Using a combination of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and phase-field modeling, we demonstrate ubiquitous formation of center-type and possible ferroelectric closure domain arrangements during polarization switching near the ferroelastic domain walls in (100) oriented rhombohedral BiFeO3. The formation of these topological defects is determined from the vertical and lateral PFM data and confirmed from the reversible changes in surface topography. These observations provide insight into the mechanisms of tip-induced ferroelastic domain control and suggest that formation of topological defect states under the action of local defect- and tip-induced fields is much more common than previously believed.
C1 [Balke, Nina; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Vasudevan, Rama K.; Nagarajan, Valanoor] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Chen, Yi-Chun; Tai, Hsiang-Hua] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Phys, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
[Wu, Pingping; Bhattacharya, Saswata; Chen, L. Q.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chu, Ying-Hao] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
[Lin, I-Nan] Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui 251, Taiwan.
RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM sergei2@ornl.gov; nagarajan@unsw.edu.au
RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; valanoor, nagarajan/B-4159-2012; Kalinin,
Sergei/I-9096-2012; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Vasudevan,
Rama/Q-2530-2015; Balke, Nina/Q-2505-2015
OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152;
Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Vasudevan, Rama/0000-0003-4692-8579;
Balke, Nina/0000-0001-5865-5892
FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy; ARC
[DP1096669]; National Science Council, R.O.C. [NSC 98-2119-M-009-016];
DOE Basic Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER46417]
FX The research at ORNL (S.V.K., N.B.) was conducted at the Center for
Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S.
Department of Energy. R.K.V. and V.N. acknowledge access to the UNSW
node of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility
(AMMRF) and ARC Discovery Project Grant DP1096669. Y.H.C. acknowledges
the support of the National Science Council, R.O.C., under Contract NSC
98-2119-M-009-016. L.Q.C. is grateful for the support from DOE Basic
Sciences under Grant Number DE-FG02-07ER46417. The authors acknowledge
J. Scott for illuminating discussion of early work on topological
defects in ferroics.
NR 38
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 4
U2 84
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 879
EP 887
DI 10.1021/nn102099z
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800022
PM 21214267
ER
PT J
AU Jeon, KJ
Lee, Z
Pollak, E
Moreschini, L
Bostwick, A
Park, CM
Mendelsberg, R
Radmilovic, V
Kostecki, R
Richardson, TJ
Rotenberg, E
AF Jeon, Ki-Joon
Lee, Zonghoon
Pollak, Elad
Moreschini, Luca
Bostwick, Aaron
Park, Cheol-Min
Mendelsberg, Rueben
Radmilovic, Velimir
Kostecki, Robert
Richardson, Thomas J.
Rotenberg, Eli
TI Fluorographene: A Wide Bandgap Semiconductor with Ultraviolet
Luminescence
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE fluorographene; ultraviolet luminescence; wide bandgap semiconductor;
NEXAFS
ID BILAYER GRAPHENE; FILMS
AB The manipulation of the bandgap of graphene by various means has stirred great interest for potential applications. Here we show that treatment of graphene with xenon difluoride produces a partially fluorinated graphene (fluorographene) with covalent C-F bonding and local sp(3)-carbon hybridization. The material was characterized by Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These results confirm the structural features of the fluorographane with a bandgap of 3.8 eV, close to that calculated for fluorinated single layer graphene, (CF)(n). The material luminesces broadly in the UV and visible light regions, and has optical properties resembling diamond, with both excitonic and direct optical absorption and emission features. These results suggest the use of fluorographane as a new, readily prepared material for electronic, optoelectronic applications, and energy harvesting applications.
C1 [Jeon, Ki-Joon; Pollak, Elad; Park, Cheol-Min; Kostecki, Robert; Richardson, Thomas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lee, Zonghoon; Radmilovic, Velimir] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Park, Cheol-Min] Kumoh Natl Inst Technol, Sch Adv Mat & Syst Engn, Gumi 730701, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
[Mendelsberg, Rueben] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jeon, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM kjjeon@lbl.gov; erotenberg@ibl.gov
RI Lee, Zonghoon/G-1474-2011; Bostwick, Aaron/E-8549-2010; Rotenberg,
Eli/B-3700-2009;
OI Lee, Zonghoon/0000-0003-3246-4072; Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844;
Park, Cheol-Min/0000-0001-8204-5760
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-SC0001294]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [PBELP2-125484]
FX This work was supported as part of the Northeastern Center for Chemical
Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Award Number DE-SC0001294 and by the National Center for Electron
Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, which is supported by the US
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Advanced
Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We also thank Dr. Albert Dato and Dr. Michael
Frenklach for supplying pristine graphene. L.M. acknowledges support
from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through Grant
PBELP2-125484.
NR 30
TC 208
Z9 210
U1 18
U2 212
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1042
EP 1046
DI 10.1021/nn1025274
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800041
PM 21204572
ER
PT J
AU Lu, GH
Park, S
Yu, KH
Ruoff, RS
Ocola, LE
Rosenmann, D
Chen, JH
AF Lu, Ganhua
Park, Sungjin
Yu, Kehan
Ruoff, Rodney S.
Ocola, Leonidas E.
Rosenmann, Daniel
Chen, Junhong
TI Toward Practical Gas Sensing with Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide: A New
Signal Processing Method To Circumvent Run-to-Run and Device-to-Device
Variations
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE graphene; reduced graphene oxide; gas sensor; sensing performance;
field-effect transistor
ID GRAPHITE OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; CHEMICAL SENSORS; LAYER GRAPHENE;
VAPOR SENSORS; LARGE-AREA; SHEETS; FILMS; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPARENT
AB Graphene is worth evaluating for chemical sensing and biosensing due to its outstanding physical and chemical properties. We first report on the fabrication and characterization of gas sensors using a back-gated field-effect transistor platform with chemically reduced graphene oxide (R-GO) as the conducting channel. These sensors exhibited a 360% increase in response when exposed to 100 ppm NO2 in air, compared with thermally reduced graphene oxide sensors we reported earlier. We then present a new method of signal processing/data interpretation that addresses (i) sensing devices with long recovery periods (such as required for sensing gases with these R-GO sensors) as well as (ii) device-to-device variations. A theoretical analysis is used to Illuminate the importance of using the new signal processing method when the sensing device suffers from slow recovery and non-negligible contact resistance. We suggest that the work reported here (including the sensor signal processing method and the Inherent simplicity of device fabrication) Is a significant step toward the real-world application of graphene-based chemical sensors.
C1 [Lu, Ganhua; Yu, Kehan; Chen, Junhong] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
[Park, Sungjin; Ruoff, Rodney S.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Park, Sungjin; Ruoff, Rodney S.] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ocola, Leonidas E.; Rosenmann, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, JH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, 3200 N Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
EM Jhchen@uwm.edu
RI Park, Sungjin/A-2790-2009; Yu, Kehan/H-3833-2011; Lu,
Ganhua/B-4643-2010; Ruoff, Rodney/K-3879-2015;
OI Park, Sungjin/0000-0002-1447-4536; Lu, Ganhua/0000-0003-3279-8427;
Ocola, Leonidas/0000-0003-4990-1064
FU NSF [CMMI-0900509, CMMI-0856753]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357]
FX This work was financially supported by the NSF (CMMI-0900509 and
CMMI-0856753). TEM and SEM analyses were performed in the UWM HRTEM
Laboratory and UWM Electron Microscope Laboratory, respectively. We
thank M. Gajdardziska-Josifovska for providing TEM access, and D.
Robertson for technical support with TEM. The sensor electrodes were
fabricated at the Center for Nanoscale Materials of Argonne National
Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-ACO2-06CH11357.
NR 52
TC 159
Z9 161
U1 21
U2 141
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1154
EP 1164
DI 10.1021/nn102803q
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800053
PM 21204575
ER
PT J
AU Wang, F
Graetz, J
Moreno, MS
Ma, C
Wu, LJ
Volkov, V
Zhu, YM
AF Wang, Feng
Graetz, Jason
Sergio Moreno, M.
Ma, Chao
Wu, Lijun
Volkov, Vyacheslav
Zhu, Yimei
TI Chemical Distribution and Bonding of Lithium in Intercalated Graphite:
Identification with Optimized Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium batteries; electron energy loss spectroscopy; transmission
electron microscopy; graphite; lithium K-edge; ab initio calculations
ID LI-ION BATTERIES; LITHIATED GRAPHITE; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; INTERPHASE;
SEI; PERFORMANCE; MICROSCOPY; SPECIMENS; SYSTEMS; ANODES
AB Direct mapping of the lithium spatial distribution and the chemical state provides critical Information on structure-correlated lithium transport in electrode materials for lithium batteries. Nevertheless, probing lithium, the lightest solid element in the periodic table, poses an extreme challenge with traditional X-ray or electron scattering techniques due to Its weak scattering power and vulnerability to radiation damage. Here, we report nanoscale maps of the lithium spatial distribution in electrochemically lithiated graphite using electron energy loss spectroscopy in the transmission electron microscope under optimized experimental conditions. The electronic structure of the discharged graphite was obtained from the near-edge fine structure of the Li and C K-edges and ab initio calculations. A 2.7 eV chemical shift of the Li K-edge, along with changes in the density of states, reveals the ionic nature of the intercalated lithium with significant charge transfer to the graphene sheets. Direct mapping of lithium in graphite revealed nanoscale inhomogeneities (nonstoichiometric regions), which are correlated with local phase separation and structural disorder (i.e., lattice distortion and dislocations) as observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The surface solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer was also imaged and determined to have a thickness of 10-50 nm, covering both edge and basal planes with LiF as its primary inorganic component. The Li K-edge spectroscopy and mapping, combined with electron microscopy-based structural analysis provide a comprehensive view of the structure-correlated lithium intercalation in graphite and of the formation of the SEI layer.
C1 [Wang, Feng; Graetz, Jason; Ma, Chao; Wu, Lijun; Volkov, Vyacheslav; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Sergio Moreno, M.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM zhu@bnl.gov
RI Ma, Chao/J-4569-2015; Wang, Feng/C-1443-2016; Volkov,
Vyacheslav/D-9786-2016; Moreno, M. Sergio/I-7525-2016
OI Wang, Feng/0000-0003-4068-9212; Moreno, M. Sergio/0000-0001-5815-1029
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Laboratory Directed Research and
Development at Brookhaven National Laboratory; Northeastern Center for
Chemical Energy Storage; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001294]; NSERC of Canada; CONICET (Argentina)
FX Discussions with Prof. R. Egerton on EELS and radiation damage are
gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the U.S. DOE under
contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with funding from Laboratory Directed
Research and Development at Brookhaven National Laboratory. J.G. and
F.W. were also supported by the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy
Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number
DE-SC0001294. F.W. thanks NSERC of Canada for a fellowship. M.S.M.
acknowledges partial financial support of CONICET (Argentina).
NR 38
TC 84
Z9 84
U1 10
U2 94
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1190
EP 1197
DI 10.1021/nn1028168
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800056
PM 21218844
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, YN
Sun, XX
Zhang, GN
Trewyn, BG
Slowing, II
Lin, VSY
AF Zhao, Yannan
Sun, Xiaoxing
Zhang, Guannan
Trewyn, Brian G.
Slowing, Igor I.
Lin, Victor S-Y
TI Interaction of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cell
Membranes: Size and Surface Effects
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN); size; surface functionality; red
blood cell (RBC) membrane; interaction; internalization; deformability
ID RESPONSIVE CONTROLLED-RELEASE; CONTROLLED DRUG-DELIVERY; ORGANIC
FUNCTIONALIZATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HEMOLYTIC-ACTIVITY; SBA-15;
NANOSPHERE; PROTEINS; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; DEFORMABILITY
AB The interactions of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) of different particle sizes and surface properties with human red blood cell (RBC) membranes were investigated by membrane filtration, flow cytometry, and various microscopic techniques. Small MCM-41-type MSNs (similar to 100 nm) were found to adsorb to the surface of RBCs without disturbing the membrane or morphology. In contrast, adsorption of large SBA-15-type MSNs (similar to 600 nm) to RBCs induced a strong local membrane deformation leading to spiculation of RBCs, internalization of the particles, and eventual hemolysis. In addition, the relationship between the degree of MSN surface functionalization and the degree of its interaction with RBC, as well as the effect of RBC-MSN interaction on cellular deformability, were Investigated. The results presented here provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of RBC MSN interaction and the hemolytic activity of MSNs and will assist In the rational design of hemocompatible MSNs for Intravenous drug delivery and in vivo imaging.
C1 [Zhao, Yannan; Sun, Xiaoxing; Zhang, Guannan; Trewyn, Brian G.; Slowing, Igor I.; Lin, Victor S-Y] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Trewyn, BG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM bgtrewyn@lastate.edu; islowing@lastate.edu
OI Slowing, Igor/0000-0002-9319-8639
FU U.S. National Science Foundation NSF [CHE-0809521]
FX This manuscript has been dedicated in memory of our dear mentor and
friend, Victor S.-Y. Lin. This research is supported by the U.S.
National Science Foundation NSF (CHE-0809521).
NR 61
TC 180
Z9 181
U1 18
U2 163
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1366
EP 1375
DI 10.1021/nn103077k
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800078
PM 21294526
ER
PT J
AU Xu, T
Zhao, NN
Ren, F
Hourani, R
Lee, MT
Shu, JY
Mao, S
Helms, BA
AF Xu, Ting
Zhao, Nana
Ren, Feng
Hourani, Rami
Lee, Ming Tsang
Shu, Jessica Y.
Mao, Samuel
Helms, Brett A.
TI Subnanometer Porous Thin Films by the Co-assembly of Nanotube Subunits
and Block Copolymers
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE subnanometer porous membrane; nanotube; cyclic peptide-polymer
conjugate; block copolymer
ID ZEOLITIC IMIDAZOLATE FRAMEWORKS; ASSEMBLING PEPTIDE NANOTUBES; DEFOCUS
ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HIGH-SURFACE-AREA; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE);
HYDROGEN STORAGE; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; ION CHANNELS; MEMBRANES; MIXTURES
AB Porous thin films containing subnanometer channels oriented normal to the surface exhibit unique transport and separation properties and can serve as selective membranes for separation and protective coatings. While molecularly defined nanoporous inorganic and organic materials abound, generating flexible nanoporous thin films with highly aligned channels over large areas has been elusive. Here, we developed a new approach where the growth of cyclic peptide nanotubes can be directed in a structural framework set by the self-assembly of block copolymers. By conjugating polymers to cyclic peptides, the subunit of an organic nanotube can be selectively solubilized in one copolymer microdomain. The conjugated polymers also mediate the interactions between nanotube and local medium and guide the growth of nanotubes in a confined geometry. This led to subnanometer porous membranes containing high-density arrays of through channels. This new strategy takes full advantage of nanoscopic assembly of BCPs and the reversibility of organic nanotube growth and circumvents impediments associated with aligning and organizing high aspect ratio nano-objects normal to the surface. Furthermore, the hierarchical coassembly strategy described demonstrates the feasibility of synchronizing multiple self-assembly processes to achieve hierarchically structured soft materials with molecular level control.
C1 [Xu, Ting; Zhao, Nana; Hourani, Rami; Shu, Jessica Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ren, Feng; Lee, Ming Tsang; Mao, Samuel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Helms, Brett A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tingzu@berkeley.edu
RI EFRC, CGS/I-6680-2012; Ren, Feng/F-9778-2014; Stangl,
Kristin/D-1502-2015;
OI Ren, Feng/0000-0002-9557-5995; Helms, Brett/0000-0003-3925-4174
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Army Research Office
[W91NF-09-1-0374]; Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory; Center for Gas Separations Relevant; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-SC0001015, DE-ACO2-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (N.Z., IS., and TX.); by Army Research Office
under Contract No. W91NF-09-1-0374 (N.Z. and TX.); by the Molecular
Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (B.H.); by the Center
for Gas Separations Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an Energy
Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number
DE-SC0001015 (R.H. and TX.). GISAXS measurements were carried out at
beamline 7.3.3 at Advanced Light Source and 8-ID at Advanced Photon
Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Work at the Advanced Light Source
and the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-ACO2-05CH11231. We thank C. Zhang for assisting
synthesis of 8CP-PEO and R. Gronsky, E. L. Thomas, and B. Smit, for
valuable discussions.
NR 42
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 6
U2 84
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1376
EP 1384
DI 10.1021/nn103083t
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800079
PM 21210699
ER
PT J
AU Pei, Y
Shao, N
Li, H
Jiang, DE
Zeng, XC
AF Pei, Yong
Shao, Nan
Li, Hui
Jiang, De-en
Zeng, Xiao Cheng
TI Hollow Polyhedral Structures in Small Gold-Sulfide Clusters
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE gold-sulfide cluster anions (AumSn-); hollow polyhedron structures; ab
initio methods; basin-hopping; global minima; edge-to-face evolution
mechanism
ID THIOLATE-PROTECTED AU-38; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ZINTL IONS; AB-INITIO;
NANOCLUSTERS; NANOPARTICLES; CORE
AB Using an Mid methods, we investigate the structural evolution of a family of gold-sulfide cluster anions (AumSn-). We show that this family of clusters exhibits simple size-evolution rules and novel hollow polyhedron structures. The highly stable AumSn- species such as Au6S4-, Au9S5- Au9S6-, Au10S6-, Au11S6-, Au12S8-, and Au13S8- detected in the recent ion mobility mass spectrometry experiment of Au-25(SCH2CH2Ph)(18) (Angel et al. AG Nano 2010, 4, 4691) are found to possess either quasi-tetrahedron, pyramidal, quasi-triangular prism, or quasi-cuboctahedron structures. The formation of these polyhedron structures are attributed to the high stability of the S-Au-S structural unit. A unique "edge-to-face" growth mechanism is proposed to understand the structural evolution of the small AumSn- cluster. A 3:2 ratio rule of Au/S is suggested for the formation of a hollow polyhedron structure among small-sized AumSn clusters.
C1 [Pei, Yong; Li, Hui; Zeng, Xiao Cheng] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Pei, Yong; Li, Hui; Zeng, Xiao Cheng] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Pei, Yong] Xiangtan Univ, Dept Chem, Key Lab Environm Friendly Chem & Applicat, Minist Educ, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.
[Shao, Nan; Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pei, Y (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM ypnku78@gmail.com; jiangd@ornl.gov; xczeng@phase2.unl.edu
RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Pei, Yong/G-1564-2015
OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731;
FU Xiangtan University; NSF [DMR-0820521, EPS-1010094]; ARO
[W911NF1020099]; Nebraska Research Initiative; Nebraska Public Power
District through the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research;
University of Nebraska Holland's Computing Center; Division of Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Y.P. is partially supported by the Academic Leader Program in Xiangtan
University. X.C.Z. is supported by grants from NSF (DMR-0820521,
EPS-1010094), ARO (W911NF1020099), the Nebraska Research Initiative, and
a seed grant from Nebraska Public Power District through the Nebraska
Center for Energy Sciences Research, and by the University of Nebraska
Holland's Computing Center. DJ. is supported by the Division of Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy. Discussion with A. Dass, Z. F. Chen, and G.
L. Wang was appreciated. This research also used resources of the
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported
by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 67
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 51
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1441
EP 1449
DI 10.1021/nn103217z
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 724CN
UT WOS:000287553800087
PM 21271741
ER
PT J
AU Akhtar, R
Daymond, MR
Almer, JD
Mummery, PM
AF Akhtar, R.
Daymond, M. R.
Almer, J. D.
Mummery, P. M.
TI Lattice strains and load partitioning in bovine trabecular bone
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bovine; Trabecular bone; Synchrotron X-ray diffraction; Apatite strains;
Compression
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION; CORTICAL
BONE; MICRODAMAGE; ORIENTATION; CRYSTALS; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; FOAMS
AB Microdamage and failure mechanisms have been well characterized in bovine trabecular bone. However, little is known about how elastic strains develop in the apatite crystals of the trabecular struts and their relationship with different deformation mechanisms. In this study, wide-angle high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction has been used to determine bulk elastic strains under in situ compression. Dehydrated bone is compared to hydrated bone in terms of their response to load. During compression, load is initially borne by trabeculae aligned parallel to loading direction with non-parallel trabeculae deforming by bending. Ineffective load partitioning is noted in dehydrated bone whereas hydrated bone behaves like a plastically yielding foam. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Akhtar, R.; Mummery, P. M.] Univ Manchester, Manchester Mat Sci Ctr, Sch Mat, Manchester M1 7HS, Lancs, England.
[Daymond, M. R.] Queens Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Almer, J. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Akhtar, R (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Manchester Mat Sci Ctr, Sch Mat, Grosvenor St, Manchester M1 7HS, Lancs, England.
EM riaz.akhtar@manchester.ac.uk
RI Akhtar, Riaz/D-3139-2012;
OI Akhtar, Riaz/0000-0002-7963-6874; Daymond, Mark/0000-0001-6242-7489
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; EPSRC
FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors are grateful to Anjali
Singhal (Northwestern University) for providing the schematic of the
experimental setup. R.A. and P.M.M. are grateful to EPSRC for funding
this work.
NR 32
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 716
EP 723
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.10.007
PG 8
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 713AP
UT WOS:000286707700028
PM 20951842
ER
PT J
AU Schuman, B
Fisher, SZ
Kovalevsky, A
Borisova, SN
Palcic, MM
Coates, L
Langan, P
Evans, SV
AF Schuman, B.
Fisher, S. Z.
Kovalevsky, A.
Borisova, S. N.
Palcic, M. M.
Coates, L.
Langan, P.
Evans, S. V.
TI Preliminary joint neutron time-of-flight and X-ray crystallographic
study of human ABO(H) blood group A glycosyltransferase
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION
COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUP-B GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES; PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MACROMOLECULAR
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; SPALLATION NEUTRONS;
PROTONATION STATES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STRUCTURAL BASIS; DATA-COLLECTION;
DIFFRACTION
AB The biosyntheses of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates are conducted by glycosyltransferases. These extraordinarily diverse and widespread enzymes catalyze the formation of glycosidic bonds through the transfer of a monosaccharide from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule, with the stereochemistry about the anomeric carbon being either inverted or retained. Human ABO(H) blood group A alpha-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GTA) generates the corresponding antigen by the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine from UDP-GalNAc to the blood group H antigen. To understand better how specific active-site-residue protons and hydrogen-bonding patterns affect substrate recognition and catalysis, neutron diffraction studies were initiated at the Protein Crystallography Station (PCS) at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). A large single crystal was subjected to H/D exchange prior to data collection and time-of-flight neutron diffraction data were collected to 2.5 angstrom resolution at the PCS to similar to 85% overall completeness, with complementary X-ray diffraction data collected from a crystal from the same drop and extending to 1.85 angstrom resolution. Here, the first successful neutron data collection from a glycosyltransferase is reported.
C1 [Schuman, B.; Borisova, S. N.; Evans, S. V.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
[Fisher, S. Z.; Kovalevsky, A.; Langan, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Palcic, M. M.] Carlsberg Lab, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark.
[Coates, L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Evans, SV (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, STN CSC, POB 3800, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
EM svevans@uvic.ca
RI Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015;
OI Evans, Stephen/0000-0002-0366-4027; Kovalevsky,
Andrey/0000-0003-4459-9142; Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122; Coates,
Leighton/0000-0003-2342-049X
FU Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research
(DOE-OBER); Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP-77655]; Michael
Smith Foundation for Health Research; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-000R22725]; National Institute of General Medical Science of
the National Institutes of Health [R01GM071939]
FX The PCS is funded by the Department of Energy Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (DOE-OBER). Funding from the Canadian Institutes
of Health Research MOP-77655 and salary support from the Michael Smith
Foundation for Health Research to SVE is acknowledged. Oak Ridge
National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC under contract No.
DE-AC05-000R22725 for the US Department of Energy. PL was partly
supported by a grant from the National Institute of General Medical
Science of the National Institutes of Health (R01GM071939).
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 67
BP 258
EP 262
DI 10.1107/S1744309110051298
PN 2
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA 717GC
UT WOS:000287030600019
PM 21301100
ER
PT J
AU Joseph, RE
Ginder, ND
Hoy, JA
Nix, JC
Honzatko, RB
Andreotti, AH
AF Joseph, Raji E.
Ginder, Nathaniel D.
Hoy, Julie A.
Nix, Jay C.
Honzatko, Richard B.
Andreotti, Amy H.
TI Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis
of the SH2 domain of IL-2-inducible T-cell kinase
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION
COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CIS-TRANS ISOMERIZATION; PROLINE ISOMERIZATION; PROLYL ISOMERIZATION;
STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; MOLECULAR DETAILS; REFINED STRUCTURE;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PEPTIDE-BONDS; NMR STRUCTURE; PROTEIN
AB Proline is a unique amino acid owing to the relatively small energy difference between the cis and trans conformations of its peptide bond. The X-Pro imide bond readily undergoes cis-trans isomerization in the context of short peptides as well as some proteins. However, the direct detection of cis-trans proline isomerization in folded proteins is technically challenging. NMR spectroscopy is well suited to the direct detection of proline isomerization in folded proteins. It is less clear how well X-ray crystallography can reveal this conformational exchange event in folded proteins. Conformational heterogeneity owing to cis-trans proline isomerization in the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of the IL-2-inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) has been extensively characterized by NMR. Using the ITK SH2 domain as a test system, an attempt was made to determine whether proline isomerization could be detected in a crystal structure of the ITK SH2 domain. As a first step towards this goal, the purification, crystallization and preliminary characterization of the ITK SH2 domain are described.
C1 [Joseph, Raji E.; Ginder, Nathaniel D.; Hoy, Julie A.; Honzatko, Richard B.; Andreotti, Amy H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Nix, Jay C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Andreotti, AH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM amyand@iastate.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [AI043957, AI075150, NS010546]; Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health
to AHA (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, AI043957
and AI075150) and to RBH (NS010546). The use of the beamline at the
Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 67
BP 269
EP 273
DI 10.1107/S1744309110052346
PN 2
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA 717GC
UT WOS:000287030600022
PM 21301103
ER
PT J
AU Kovalevsky, AY
Hanson, BL
Seaver, S
Fisher, SZ
Mustyakimov, M
Langan, P
AF Kovalevsky, Andrey Y.
Hanson, B. Leif
Seaver, Sean
Fisher, S. Zoe
Mustyakimov, Marat
Langan, Paul
TI Preliminary joint X-ray and neutron protein crystallographic studies of
endoxylanase II from the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION
COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLYCOSYL-ENZYME INTERMEDIATE; PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN; TREATED CORN
STOVER; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; SPALLATION NEUTRONS; PROTONATION
STATES; DATA QUALITY; XYLANASE-II; DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN
AB Room-temperature X-ray and neutron diffraction data were measured from a family 11 endoxylanase holoenzyme (XynII) originating from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum to 1.55 angstrom resolution using a home source and to 1.80 angstrom resolution using the Protein Crystallography Station at LANSCE. Crystals of XynII, which is an important enzyme for biofuel production, were grown at pH 8.5 in order to examine the effect of basic conditions on the protonation-state distribution in the active site and throughout the protein molecule and to provide insights for rational engineering of catalytically improved XynII for industrial applications.
C1 [Kovalevsky, Andrey Y.; Fisher, S. Zoe; Mustyakimov, Marat; Langan, Paul] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hanson, B. Leif; Seaver, Sean] Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH USA.
RP Kovalevsky, AY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ayk@lanl.gov
RI Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015;
OI Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122; Kovalevsky, Andrey/0000-0003-4459-9142
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the Department of
Energy; NIH-NIGMS [1R01GM071939-01]; LANL; LBNL; LANL LDRD
[20080789PRD3, 20080001DR]
FX The PCS is funded by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research
of the Department of Energy. MM and PL were partly supported by an
NIH-NIGMS-funded consortium (1R01GM071939-01) between LANL and LBNL to
develop computational tools for neutron protein crystallography. AYK was
partly supported by LANL LDRD grant 20080789PRD3. AYK and PL were partly
supported by LANL LDRD grant 20080001DR.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 67
BP 283
EP 286
DI 10.1107/S174430911005075X
PN 2
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA 717GC
UT WOS:000287030600026
PM 21301107
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DW
Holden, TM
Clausen, B
Prime, MB
Sisneros, TA
Swenson, H
Vaja, J
AF Brown, D. W.
Holden, T. M.
Clausen, B.
Prime, M. B.
Sisneros, T. A.
Swenson, H.
Vaja, J.
TI Critical comparison of two independent measurements of residual stress
in an electron-beam welded uranium cylinder: Neutron diffraction and the
contour method
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Uranium; Residual stress; Neutron diffraction; Anisotropy; Welding
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; STRAIN; ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; MECHANICS; TEXTURE;
THICK
AB Neutron diffraction and contour method measurements were conducted to assess the stresses associated with an electron-beam, circumferential, partial penetration weld of a uranium tube. To obtain reasonable results in the coarse-grained base metal, the specimen was continuously rotated during the neutron experiments to average over the entire circumference. The severe anisotropic character of uranium, which has an orthorhombic crystal structure, forces a number of judicious choices to be made in the neutron analysis. For the contour method, the cylindrical geometry necessitated the development of a two-step process, and discontinuities across the unwelded portion of the joint required special treatment. High tensile hoop stresses (similar to 300 MPa) were found in the center of the weld close to the outside diameter. Balancing hoop compression was observed in the far-field stress profile. Also, a tensile axial stress (85 +/- 25 MPa) was observed near the outer diameter. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, D. W.; Clausen, B.; Prime, M. B.; Sisneros, T. A.; Swenson, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Holden, T. M.] No Stress Technol, Deep River, ON K0J 1P0, Canada.
[Vaja, J.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England.
RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dbrown@lanl.gov
RI Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015;
OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE); DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX The authors wish to thank Anne Kelly and Bob Forsyth for metallographic
characterization, Tyler Wheeler and John Balog for contour method
assistance, and Tim Beard and Isaac Cordova for depleted uranium
machining. This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron
Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the Office of Basic
Energy Sciences (DOE). Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los
Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 40
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 864
EP 873
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.09.022
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100002
ER
PT J
AU Begau, C
Hartmaier, A
George, EP
Pharr, GM
AF Begau, C.
Hartmaier, A.
George, E. P.
Pharr, G. M.
TI Atomistic processes of dislocation generation and plastic deformation
during nanoindentation
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Dislocations; Molecular dynamics simulations; Nanoindentation; Cu single
crystal; Dislocation analysis
ID INCIPIENT PLASTICITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NUCLEATION; CRYSTALS; COPPER
AB To enable plastic deformation during nanoindentation of an initially defect-free crystal, it is necessary first to produce dislocations. While it is now widely accepted that the nucleation of the first dislocations occurs at the start of the pop-in event frequently observed in experiments, it is unclear how these initial dislocations multiply during the early stages of plastic deformation and produce pop-in displacements that are typically much larger than the magnitude of the Burgers vector. This uncertainty about the complex interplay between dislocation multiplication and strain hardening during nanoindentation makes a direct correlation between force displacement curves and macroscopic material properties difficult. In this paper, we study the early phase of plastic deformation during nanoindentation with the help of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations. A skeletonization method to simplify defect structures in atomistic simulations enables the direct observation and quantitative analysis of dislocation nucleation and multiplication processes occurring in the bulk as well as at the surface. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Begau, C.; Hartmaier, A.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, ICAMS, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
[George, E. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[George, E. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Hartmaier, A (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, ICAMS, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
EM christoph.begau@rub.de; alexander.hart-maier@rub.de
RI Hartmaier, Alexander/O-2087-2013; George, Easo/L-5434-2014
OI Hartmaier, Alexander/0000-0002-3710-1169;
FU ThyssenKrupp AG; Bayer MaterialScience AG; Salzgitter Mannesmann
Forschung GmbH; Robert Bosch GmbH; Benteler Stahl/Rohr GmbH; Bayer
Technology Services GmbH; state of North-Rhine Westphalia; European
Commission; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Center for Defect Physics;
Energy Frontier Research Center
FX C.B. and A.H. acknowledge financial support through ThyssenKrupp AG,
Bayer MaterialScience AG, Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Robert
Bosch GmbH, Benteler Stahl/Rohr GmbH, Bayer Technology Services GmbH and
the state of North-Rhine Westphalia as well as the European Commission
in the framework of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
E.P.G. and G.M.P. were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division,
and the "Center for Defect Physics", an Energy Frontier Research Center,
respectively.
NR 21
TC 57
Z9 59
U1 4
U2 63
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 934
EP 942
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.016
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100008
ER
PT J
AU Chen, K
Meng, WJ
Mei, FH
Hiller, J
Miller, DJ
AF Chen, Ke
Meng, W. J.
Mei, Fanghua
Hiller, J.
Miller, D. J.
TI From micro- to nano-scale molding of metals: Size effect during molding
of single crystal Al with rectangular strip punches
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Mechanical properties testing; Compression test; Metal and alloys;
Mechanical properties; Plastic deformation
ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; ELASTIC-MODULUS; INDENTATION; INSERTS;
HARDNESS; FABRICATION
AB A single crystal Al specimen was molded at room temperature with long, rectangular, strip diamond punches. Quantitative molding response curves were obtained at a series of punch widths, ranging from 5 mu m to 550 nm. A significant size effect was observed, manifesting itself in terms of significantly increasing characteristic molding pressure as the punch width decreases to 1.5 mu m and below. A detailed comparison of the present strip punch molding results was made with Berkovich pyramidal indentation on the same single crystal Al specimen. The comparison reveals distinctly different dependence of the characteristic pressure on corresponding characteristic length. The present results show the feasibility of micro-/nano-scale compression molding as a micro-/nano-fabrication technique, and offer an experimental test case for size-dependent plasticity theories. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Ke; Meng, W. J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Mei, Fanghua] Enervana Technol LLC, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA.
[Hiller, J.; Miller, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Meng, WJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM wmeng1@lsu.edu
RI Hiller, Jon/A-2513-2009; Mei, Fanghua/A-2071-2010
OI Hiller, Jon/0000-0001-7207-8008;
FU NSF; Louisiana State Board of Regents [CMMI-0556100, LEQSF
(2008-10)-RD-B-02]; NSF through SBIR [IIP-0912492]; DoE
FX KC and WJM gratefully acknowledge partial project support from NSF and
Louisiana State Board of Regents through grant CMMI-0556100 and contract
LEQSF (2008-10)-RD-B-02. FM gratefully acknowledges NSF support through
SBIR grant IIP-0912492 to Enervana Technologies, which also supported
WJM through a sub-award to LSU. Utilization of the electron microscopy
facility of Argonne National Laboratory was made through the national
user program under DoE sponsorship.
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 1112
EP 1120
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.044
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100026
ER
PT J
AU Tong, S
Narayanan, M
Ma, B
Koritala, RE
Liu, S
Balachandran, U
Shi, D
AF Tong, S.
Narayanan, M.
Ma, B.
Koritala, R. E.
Liu, S.
Balachandran, U. (Balu)
Shi, D.
TI Effect of dead layer and strain on the diffuse phase transition of PLZT
relaxor thin films
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE PLZT; Ferroelectric relaxor thin film; Diffuse phase transition; Dead
layer; Intrinsic strain
ID CHEMICAL SOLUTION DEPOSITION; LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; FERROELECTRIC
CERAMICS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; CAPACITORS; THICKNESS; STRESS;
ELECTRODES; NANOSCALE; CONSTANT
AB Bulk relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit excellent permittivity compared to their thin film counterpart, although both show diffuse phase transition (DPT) behavior unlike normal ferroelectrics. To better understand the effect of dead layer and strain on the observed anomaly in the dielectric properties, we have developed relaxor PLZT (lead lanthanum zirconate titanate) thin films with different thicknesses and measured their dielectric properties as a function of temperature and frequency. The effect of dead layer on thin film permittivity has been found to be independent of temperature and frequency, and is governed by the Schottky barrier between the platinum electrode and PLZT. The total strain (thermal and intrinsic) in the film majorly determines the broadening, dielectric peak and temperature shift in the relaxor ferroelectric. The Curie-iss type law for relaxors has been further modified to incorporate these two effects to accurately predict the DPT behavior of thin film and bulk relaxor ferroelectrics. The dielectric behavior of thin film is predicted by using the bulk dielectric data from literature in the proposed equation, which agree well with the measured dielectric behavior. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tong, S.; Narayanan, M.; Ma, B.; Liu, S.; Balachandran, U. (Balu)] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Tong, S.; Shi, D.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Koritala, R. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Tong, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM stong@anl.gov
RI Tong, Sheng/A-2129-2011; Koritala, Rachel/F-1774-2011; Narayanan,
Manoj/A-4622-2011; Liu, Shanshan/A-6143-2012; Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013
OI Tong, Sheng/0000-0003-0355-7368; Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies
[DEAC02-06CH11357]
FX This research was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Vehicle Technologies Program, under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. The
electron microscopy was carried out at the Electron Microscopy Center
for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory.
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 3
BP 1309
EP 1316
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.063
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 712TW
UT WOS:000286690100045
ER
PT J
AU Kiener, D
Minor, AM
AF Kiener, D.
Minor, A. M.
TI Source-controlled yield and hardening of Cu(100) studied by in situ
transmission electron microscopy
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Pillar compression; In situ transmission electron microscopy; Hardening;
Copper; Size effect
ID DISCRETE DISLOCATION SIMULATIONS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL;
NICKEL MICROCRYSTALS; STRENGTH; DEFORMATION; COMPRESSION; SCALE;
PILLARS; COPPER
AB In the present work we investigate the mechanical properties of multiple slip oriented single crystal Cu(1 0 0) compression samples to shed light on size-dependent yield and hardening behavior at small-scales. Samples with diameters ranging from 90 nm to 1700 nm were fabricated using focused ion beam milling and tested in situ in a transmission electron microscope. The results demonstrate a dislocation source-limited size-dependent yield strength, as evidenced by size-dependent changes in the deformation morphology. Moreover, we report size dependency and strain dependency in the hardening behavior at these dimensions, where higher hardening is observed for smaller samples and at lower strains. This is explained by the source-limited nature of plasticity in small dimensions, which we demonstrate affects not just yield but also the hardening behavior in the nanopillars. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kiener, D (reprint author), Univ Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, Leoben, Austria.
EM daniel.kiener@oeaw.ac.at
RI Kiener, Daniel/B-2202-2008
OI Kiener, Daniel/0000-0003-3715-3986
FU National Center for Electron Microscopy; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Austrian
Science Fund [J2834-N20]
FX The authors acknowledge support of the National Center for Electron
Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by
the US Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231. DK
gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF) through the Erwin Schrodinger fellowship J2834-N20.
NR 40
TC 82
Z9 82
U1 6
U2 84
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 1328
EP 1337
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.10.065
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 720FE
UT WOS:000287265100002
ER
PT J
AU Shelke, V
Mazumdar, D
Srinivasan, G
Kumar, A
Jesse, S
Kalinin, S
Baddorf, A
Gupta, A
AF Shelke, Vilas
Mazumdar, Dipanjan
Srinivasan, Gopalan
Kumar, Amit
Jesse, Stephen
Kalinin, Sergei
Baddorf, Arthur
Gupta, Arunava
TI Reduced Coercive Field in BiFeO3 Thin Films Through Domain Engineering
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIFERROIC BIFEO3; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; POLARIZATION DYNAMICS;
CONDUCTION
AB The coercive field is an important parameter for applications of lead-free multiferroic BiFeO3 with the highest values of polarization and transition temperature. Here, the lowest ever observed coercive field and optimum polarization values in BiFeO3 thin films using a domain engineering approach are reported. The measurements performed under ambient conditions over a wide frequency range demonstrate the application potential of this unique ferroelectric material.
C1 [Shelke, Vilas; Mazumdar, Dipanjan; Gupta, Arunava] Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Srinivasan, Gopalan] Oakland Univ, Dept Phys, Rochester, MI 49309 USA.
[Kumar, Amit; Jesse, Stephen; Kalinin, Sergei; Baddorf, Arthur] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shelke, V (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM drshelke@gmail.com; agupta@mint.ua.edu
RI Kim, Yu Jin/A-2433-2012; Kumar, Amit/C-9662-2012; Jesse,
Stephen/D-3975-2016; Mazumdar, Dipanjan /G-9615-2016; Baddorf,
Arthur/I-1308-2016
OI Kumar, Amit/0000-0002-1194-5531; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483;
Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382
FU ONR [N000 14 - 09-1 - 0119]; NSF NIRT [CMS-0609377]; Division of
Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
FX This work was supported by ONR under Grant No. N000 14 - 09-1 - 0119 and
NSF NIRT under Grant No. CMS-0609377. A portion of this research was
conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is
sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific
User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 29
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 74
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 5
BP 669
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.201000807
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LS
UT WOS:000287046000013
PM 21274918
ER
PT J
AU Ezoe, Y
Ishikawa, K
Ohashi, T
Yamasaki, NY
Mitsuda, K
Fujimoto, R
Miyoshi, Y
Terada, N
Uchiyama, Y
Futaana, Y
AF Ezoe, Yuichiro
Ishikawa, Kumi
Ohashi, Takaya
Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
Fujimoto, Ryuichi
Miyoshi, Yoshizumi
Terada, Naoki
Uchiyama, Yasunobu
Futaana, Yoshifumi
TI Solar system planets observed with Suzaku
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE X-ray; Solar system objects; Earth; Jupiter; Mars
ID WIND CHARGE-EXCHANGE; X-RAY-EMISSION; XMM-NEWTON; 1ST OBSERVATION;
DISCOVERY; JUPITER; CHANDRA; MARS; OBJECTS; AURORAE
AB Recent results of solar system planets observed with the Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku are reviewed. Thanks to the low instrumental background and good energy resolution, X-ray CCDs onboard Suzaku are one of the best probes to study diffuse X-ray emission. An overview of the Suzaku data of Jupiter and Earth is presented, along with preliminary results of Mars. Firstly, diffuse hard X-ray emission is discovered in 1-5 keV at Jovian radiation belts. Its spectrum is represented by a power-law continuum with a photon index of similar to 1.4. This emission could originate from inverse-Compton scattering of solar photons by tens MeV electrons. Secondly, variable diffuse soft X-rays are serendipitously found during observations in the directions of the north ecliptic pole and galactic ridge. Good time correlations with the solar wind and emission lines found in the X-ray spectra are firm evidences of a solar wind charge exchange emission with Earth's exosphere. Thirdly, diffuse X-ray emission from Martian exosphere via the solar wind charge exchange is investigated for the :first time at solar minimum. A stringent upper limit on the density of the Martian exosphere is placed from the Suzaku data. (C) 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ishikawa, Kumi; Ohashi, Takaya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.
[Yamasaki, Noriko Y.; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa] Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Tyuou Ku, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
[Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan.
[Miyoshi, Yoshizumi] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Terada, Naoki] Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Uchiyama, Yasunobu] Standford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Futaana, Yoshifumi] Swedish Inst Space Phys, S-98128 Kiruna, Sweden.
RP Ezoe, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.
EM ezoe@phys.metro-u.ac.jp; kumi@phys.metro-u.ac.jp;
ohashi@phys.metro-u.ac.jp; yamasaki@astro.isas.jaxa.jp;
mitsuda@astro.isas.jaxa.jp; fujimoto@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp;
miyoshi@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp; teradan@stpp.gp.tohoku.ac.jp;
uchiyama@slac.stanford.edu; futaana@irf.se
RI Mitsuda, Kazuhisa/C-2649-2008; Yamasaki, Noriko/C-2252-2008; Futaana,
Yoshifumi/P-5899-2014; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi/B-5834-2015; XRAY,
SUZAKU/A-1808-2009
OI Futaana, Yoshifumi/0000-0002-7056-3517; Miyoshi,
Yoshizumi/0000-0001-7998-1240;
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
EI 1879-1948
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 3
BP 411
EP 418
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.09.028
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 722HA
UT WOS:000287422000003
ER
PT J
AU Walker, SA
Tweed, J
Tripathi, RK
Badavi, FF
Miller, J
Zeitlin, C
Heilbronn, LH
AF Walker, S. A.
Tweed, J.
Tripathi, R. K.
Badavi, F. F.
Miller, J.
Zeitlin, C.
Heilbronn, L. H.
TI Validation of a multi-layer Green's function code for ion beam transport
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiation transport; Botlzmann equation; HZE ion transport; Green's
function solution
ID INTERNATIONAL-SPACE-STATION; MEV/NUCLEON FE-56; HZE PROPAGATION; TARGETS
AB To meet the challenge of future deep space programs, an accurate and efficient engineering code for analyzing the shielding requirements against high-energy galactic heavy ion radiation is needed. In consequence, a new version of the HZETRN code capable of simulating high charge and energy (HZE) ions with either laboratory or space boundary conditions is currently under development. This code, GRNTRN, is based on a Green's function approach to the solution of the one-dimensional Boltzmann transport equation and like its predecessor is deterministic in nature. The computational model consists of the lowest order asymptotic approximation followed by a Neumann series expansion with non-perturbative corrections. The physical description includes energy loss with straggling, nuclear attenuation, nuclear fragmentation with energy dispersion and down shift. Code validation in the laboratory environment is addressed by showing that GRNTRN accurately predicts energy loss spectra as measured by solid-state detectors in ion beam experiments with multi-layer targets. In order to verify and benchmark the code with space boundary conditions, measured particle fluxes are propagated through several thicknesses of shielding using both GRNTRN and the current version of HZETRN. The favorable agreement obtained indicates that GRNTRN accurately models the propagation of HZE ions in laboratory settings. It also compares very well with the extensively validated space environment HZETRN code and thus provides verification of the HZETRN propagator. (C) 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Walker, S. A.; Tweed, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Tripathi, R. K.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Badavi, F. F.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Miller, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zeitlin, C.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Heilbronn, L. H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Tweed, J (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
EM jtweed@odu.edu
RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013
OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 3
BP 533
EP 544
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.09.012
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 722HA
UT WOS:000287422000016
ER
PT J
AU Lee, Y
Seoung, DH
Liu, D
Park, MB
Hong, SB
Chen, HY
Bai, JM
Kao, CC
Vogt, T
Lee, Y
AF Lee, Yongmoon
Seoung, Donghoon
Liu, Dan
Park, Min Bum
Hong, Suk Bong
Chen, Haiyan
Bai, Jianming
Kao, Chi-Chang
Vogt, Thomas
Lee, Yongjae
TI In-situ dehydration studies of fully K-,Rb-, and Cs-exchanged natrolites
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE K-; Rb-; Cs-natrolite; dehydration; Rietveld refinement
ID DIFFRACTION; REFINEMENT; ZEOLITES
AB In-situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies of K-, Rb-, and Cs-exchanged natrolites between room temperature and 425 degrees C revealed that the dehydrated phases with collapsed frameworks start to form at 175, 150, and 100 degrees C, respectively. The degree of the framework collapse indicated by the unit-cell volume contraction depends on the size of the non-framework cation: K-exchanged natrolite undergoes an 18.8% unit-cell volume contraction when dehydrated at 175 degrees C, whereas Rb- and Cs-exchanged natrolites show unit-cell volume contractions of 18.5 and 15.2% at 150 and 100 degrees C, respectively. In the hydrated phases, the dehydration-induced unit-cell volume reduction diminishes as the cation size increases and reveals increasingly a negative slope as smaller cations are substituted into the pores of the natrolite structure. The thermal expansion of the unit-cell volumes of the dehydrated K-, Rb-, and Cs-phases have positive thermal expansion coefficients of 8.80 x 10(-5) K-1, 1.03 x 10(-4) K-1, and 5.06 x 10-5 K-1, respectively. Rietveld structure refinements of the dehydrated phases at 400 degrees C reveal that the framework collapses are due to an increase of the chain rotation angles, psi, which narrow the channels to a more elliptical shape. Compared to their respective hydrated structures at ambient conditions, the dehydrated K-exchanged natrolite at 400 degrees C shows a 2.2-fold increase in psi, whereas the dehydrated Rb- and Cs-natrolites at 400 degrees C reveal increases of psi by ca. 3.7 and 7.3 tiles, respectively. The elliptical channel openings of the dehydrated K-, Rb-, to Cs-phases become larger as the cation size increases. The disordered non-framework cations in the hydrated K-, Rb-, and Cs-natrolite order during dehydration and the subsequent framework collapse. The dehydrated phases of Rb- and Cs-natrolite can be stabilized at ambient conditions.
C1 [Lee, Yongmoon; Seoung, Donghoon; Liu, Dan; Lee, Yongjae] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Park, Min Bum; Hong, Suk Bong] POSTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Park, Min Bum; Hong, Suk Bong] POSTECH, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Chen, Haiyan; Bai, Jianming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Kao, Chi-Chang] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Vogt, Thomas] Univ S Carolina, NanoCtr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Vogt, Thomas] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Lee, Y (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM yongjaelee@yonsei.ac.kr
RI Chen, Haiyan/C-8109-2012; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Bai,
Jianming/O-5005-2015; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016
OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787;
FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (M EST) of the Korean
Government; BK21 program; Astronomy at Yonsei University; Ministry of
Science and Technology (MOST) of the Korean Government; Pohang
University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This work was supported by the Global Research Lab Program of the
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (M EST) of the Korean
Government. Y.L. and D.S. thank the support from the BK21 program to the
Institute of Earth, Atmosphere, and Astronomy at Yonsei University.
Experiments at PAL were supported in part by Ministry of Science and
Technology (MOST) of the Korean Government and Pohang University of
Science and Technology (POSTECH). Research carried out in part at the
NSLS at BNL is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 14
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 2-3
BP 393
EP 401
DI 10.2138/am.2011.3678
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 721EK
UT WOS:000287336200019
ER
PT J
AU Xie, ZD
Sharp, TG
Leinenweber, K
DeCarli, PS
Dera, P
AF Xie, Zhidong
Sharp, Thomas G.
Leinenweber, Kurt
DeCarli, Paul S.
Dera, Przemek
TI A new mineral with an olivine structure and pyroxene composition in the
shock-induced melt veins of Tenham L6 chondrite
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Shock-induced; Tenham; olivine; melt vein
ID HIGH-PRESSURE PHASES; EFFECTIVE IONIC RADII; METEORITE SHERGOTTY;
NATURAL OCCURRENCE; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; TRANSFORMATION; (MG,FE)2SIO4;
CONSTRAINTS; POLYMORPH; SPINEL
AB We report a new mineral that occurs in shock-induced melt veins of the Tenham L6 chondrite. The new mineral, identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), occurs as acicular nanocrystals in a glassy matrix at the edge of shock-induced melt veins that crystallized during rapid quench at high pressure. The elongate crystals have aspect ratios up to 25. Widths range from similar to 5 to similar to 40 nm and lengths are up to 500 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses provide the relative cation abundances that are consistent with a pyroxene-like stoichiometry: Na(0.06)Ca(0.02)Mg(0.71)Fe(0.20)Al(0.11) Si(0.94)O(3). Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns from single-crystal and polycrystalline aggregates indicate an olivine structure with refined cell parameters: a = 4.78, b = 10.11, and c = 5.94 angstrom and a calculated density of 3.32 g/cm(3). Synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction data are consistent with an olivine structure and provide similar cell parameters: a = 4.778, b = 10.267, c = 5.937 angstrom. The pyroxene composition represents a large deviation from olivine stoichiometry, (Na(0.08)Ca(0.03)Mg(0.95) Fe(0.26)Al(0.15)Si(0.25)square(0.28))(2)Si(1)O(4), with 0.28 formula units of vacancies (square), 0.11 of Na(+) plus Ca(2+), and 0.25. of Si(4+), in octahedral sites. Our observations indicate that a metastable and nonstoichiometric olivine structure can crystallize from a silicate melt during rapid quench. Trace amounts of such defects may be present in stable olivines in the deep upper mantle.
C1 [Xie, Zhidong] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Mineral Deposits Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Sharp, Thomas G.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Leinenweber, Kurt] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[DeCarli, Paul S.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Dera, Przemek] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, GeoSoilEnviro CARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Xie, ZD (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Mineral Deposits Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
EM zhidongx@nju.edu.cn
RI SUN, Li-Qiang/A-8410-2012; Dera, Przemyslaw/F-6483-2013
FU NASA [NNG06GF09G]; CNSF [4087036]
FX We thank Carlton Moore and the Center for Meteorite Studies at Arizona
State University for supplying the sample. We also thank John Wheatley,
Karl Weiss, and Zhengquan Liu, and the Center for High Resolution
Microscopy at ASU for assistance with electron microscopy. We thank
reviewers and editors for their helpful and constructive comments and
reviews. NASA Cosmochemistry Grant NNG06GF09G and CNSF Grant 4087036
supported this research.
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 2-3
BP 430
EP 436
DI 10.2138/am.2011.3437
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 721EK
UT WOS:000287336200024
ER
PT J
AU Du, D
Wang, LM
Shao, YY
Wang, J
Engelhard, MH
Lin, YH
AF Du, Dan
Wang, Limin
Shao, Yuyan
Wang, Jun
Engelhard, Mark H.
Lin, Yuehe
TI Functionalized Graphene Oxide as a Nanocarrier in a Multienzyme Labeling
Amplification Strategy for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Immunoassay of
Phosphorylated p53 (S392)
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MUTANT P53; CANCER; IMMUNOSENSOR; PROTEIN; GRAPHITE; DELIVERY; DNA;
SERINE-392; ELECTRODES; BIOSENSORS
AB P53 phosphorylation plays an important role in many biological processes and might be used as a potential biomarker in clinical diagnoses. We report a new electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of phosphorylated p53 at Ser392 (phospho-p53(392)) based on graphene oxide (GO) as a nanocarrier in a multienzyme amplification strategy. Greatly enhanced sensitivity was achieved by using the bioconjugates featuring horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and p53(392) signal antibody (p53(392)Ab(2)) linked to functionalized GO (HRP-p53(392)Ab(2)-GO) at a high ratio of HRP/p53(392)Ab(2). After a sandwich immunoreaction, the HRP-p53(392)Ab(2)-GO captured onto the electrode surface produced an amplified electrocatalytic response by the reduction of enzymatically oxidized thionine in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The increase of response current was proportional to the phospho-p53(392) concentration in the range of 0.02-2 nM with the detection limit of 0.01 nM, which was 10-fold lower than that of the traditional sandwich electrochemical measurement for p53392. The amplified immunoassay developed in this work shows acceptable stability and reproducibility, and the assay results for phospho-p53392 spiked in human plasma also show good recovery (92-103.8%). This simple and low-cost immunosensor shows great promise for detection of other phosphorylated proteins and clinical applications.
C1 [Du, Dan; Wang, Limin; Shao, Yuyan; Wang, Jun; Engelhard, Mark H.; Lin, Yuehe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Du, Dan] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Minist Educ, Coll Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM yuehe.lin@pnl.gov
RI Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011; Engelhard,
Mark/F-1317-2010; Du, Dan (Annie)/G-3821-2012;
OI Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587;
Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812
FU National Institutes of Health CounterACT program through the National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [NS058161-01]; PNNL
Laboratory Directed Research and Development program; U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE's office of Biological
and Environmental Research located at PNNL; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21075047]; Program for Chenguang Young Scientist
for Wuhan [200950431184]
FX The work was done at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and
was supported partially by the National Institutes of Health CounterACT
program through the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and
Stroke (award no. NS058161-01) and a PNNL Laboratory Directed Research
and Development program. Its contents are solely the responsibility of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the
federal government. PNNL is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The materials
characterization was performed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's
office of Biological and Environmental Research located at PNNL. Dan Du
acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (21075047) and the Program for Chenguang Young Scientist for Wuhan
(200950431184).
NR 48
TC 201
Z9 212
U1 18
U2 163
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 3
BP 746
EP 752
DI 10.1021/ac101715s
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 712TR
UT WOS:000286689600019
PM 21210663
ER
PT J
AU Dohnalkova, AC
Marshall, MJ
Arey, BW
Williams, KH
Buck, EC
Fredrickson, JK
AF Dohnalkova, Alice C.
Marshall, Matthew J.
Arey, Bruce W.
Williams, Kenneth H.
Buck, Edgar C.
Fredrickson, James K.
TI Imaging Hydrated Microbial Extracellular Polymers: Comparative Analysis
by Electron Microscopy
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; HIGH-RESOLUTION VISUALIZATION;
FREEZE-SUBSTITUTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY;
PERIPLASMIC SPACE; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; REDUCTION; MEMBRANE; MANGANESE
AB Microbe-mineral and -metal interactions represent a major intersection between the biosphere and geosphere but require high-resolution imaging and analytical tools for investigation of microscale associations. Electron microscopy has been used extensively for geomicrobial investigations, and although used bona fide, the traditional methods of sample preparation do not preserve the native morphology of microbiological components, especially extracellular polymers. Herein, we present a direct comparative analysis of microbial interactions by conventional electron microscopy approaches with imaging at room temperature and a suite of cryogenic electron microscopy methods providing imaging in the close-to-natural hydrated state. In situ, we observed an irreversible transformation of the hydrated bacterial extracellular polymers during the traditional dehydration-based sample preparation that resulted in their collapse into filamentous structures. Dehydration-induced polymer collapse can lead to inaccurate spatial relationships and hence could subsequently affect conclusions regarding the nature of interactions between microbial extracellular polymers and their environment.
C1 [Dohnalkova, Alice C.; Arey, Bruce W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Marshall, Matthew J.; Fredrickson, James K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Fundamental & Computat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Williams, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Buck, Edgar C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Dohnalkova, AC (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM Alice.dohnalkova@pnl.gov
RI Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013; Williams, Kenneth/O-5181-2014
OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084; Williams, Kenneth/0000-0002-3568-1155
FU U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); EMSL
Research and Capability Development Proposal; Subsurface Biogeochemical
Research program (SBR); DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX This research was performed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences
laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the
U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) and
located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Financial
support was provided through an EMSL Research and Capability Development
Proposal and the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research program (SBR). PNNL
is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract
DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.
NR 62
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 4
BP 1254
EP 1262
DI 10.1128/AEM.02001-10
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 717WM
UT WOS:000287078100012
PM 21169451
ER
PT J
AU Eudes, A
Baidoo, EEK
Yang, F
Burd, H
Hadi, MZ
Collins, FW
Keasling, JD
Loque, D
AF Eudes, Aymerick
Baidoo, Edward E. K.
Yang, Fan
Burd, Helcio
Hadi, Masood Z.
Collins, F. William
Keasling, Jay D.
Loque, Dominique
TI Production of tranilast [N-(3 ',4 '-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic
acid] and its analogs in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cinnamoyl anthranilate; Tranilast; Avenanthramides; Recombinant yeast;
HCBT
ID DIANTHUS-CARYOPHYLLUS L; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA;
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; BIOSYNTHESIS GENES;
CELL-CULTURES; AVENANTHRAMIDES; OATS; PHYTOALEXINS
AB Biological synthesis of therapeutic drugs beneficial for human health using microbes offers an alternative production strategy to the methods that are commonly employed such as direct extraction from source organisms or chemical synthesis. In this study, we evaluated the potential for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to be used as a catalyst for the synthesis of tranilast and various tranilast analogs (cinnamoyl anthranilates). Several studies have demonstrated that these phenolic amides have antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic benefits including antiinflammatory, antiproliferative, and antigenotoxic effects. The few cinnamoyl anthranilates naturally produced in plants such as oats and carnations result from the coupling of various hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs to anthranilic acid. In order to achieve the microbial production of tranilast and several of its analogs, we engineered a yeast strain to co-express a 4-coumarate/CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) from Arabidopsis thaliana and a hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyl-CoA/anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase (HCBT, EC 2.3.1.144) from Dianthus caryophyllus. This modified yeast strain allowed us to produce tranilast and 26 different cinnamoyl anthranilate molecules within a few hours after exogenous supply of various combinations of cinnamic acids and anthranilate derivatives. Our data demonstrate the feasibility of rapidly producing a wide range of defined cinnamoyl anthranilates in yeast and underline a potential for the biological designed synthesis of naturally and non-naturally occurring molecules.
C1 [Eudes, Aymerick; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Yang, Fan; Burd, Helcio; Hadi, Masood Z.; Keasling, Jay D.; Loque, Dominique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Collins, F. William] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
RP Loque, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dloque@lbl.gov
RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Yang, Fan/I-4438-2015; Loque,
Dominique/A-8153-2008
OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088;
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute
(http://www.jbei.org/) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 65
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0175-7598
J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT
JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 89
IS 4
BP 989
EP 1000
DI 10.1007/s00253-010-2939-y
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 718RK
UT WOS:000287143600012
PM 20972784
ER
PT J
AU Covey, KR
Hillenbrand, LA
Miller, AA
Poznanski, D
Cenko, SB
Silverman, JM
Bloom, JS
Kasliwal, MM
Fischer, W
Rayner, J
Rebull, LM
Butler, NR
Filippenko, AV
Law, NM
Ofek, EO
Agueros, M
Dekany, RG
Rahmer, G
Hale, D
Smith, R
Quimby, RM
Nugent, P
Jacobsen, J
Zolkower, J
Velur, V
Walters, R
Henning, J
Bui, K
McKenna, D
Kulkarni, SR
Klein, C
AF Covey, Kevin R.
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Miller, Adam A.
Poznanski, Dovi
Cenko, S. Bradley
Silverman, Jeffrey M.
Bloom, Joshua S.
Kasliwal, Mansi M.
Fischer, William
Rayner, John
Rebull, Luisa M.
Butler, Nathaniel R.
Filippenko, Alexei V.
Law, Nicholas M.
Ofek, Eran O.
Agueeros, Marcel
Dekany, Richard G.
Rahmer, Gustavo
Hale, David
Smith, Roger
Quimby, Robert M.
Nugent, Peter
Jacobsen, Janet
Zolkower, Jeff
Velur, Viswa
Walters, Richard
Henning, John
Bui, Khanh
McKenna, Dan
Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
Klein, Christopher
TI PTF10nvg: AN OUTBURSTING CLASS I PROTOSTAR IN THE PELICAN/NORTH AMERICAN
NEBULA
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: emission-line, Be; stars: formation; stars: pre-main sequence;
stars: variables: general; stars: winds, outflows
ID T TAURI STARS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTROMETER;
NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; FU ORIONIS OUTBURSTS;
MCNEILS NEBULA; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; EPISODIC ACCRETION; HEI
LAMBDA-10830
AB During a synoptic survey of the North American Nebula region, the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) detected an optical outburst (dubbed PTF10nvg) associated with the previously unstudied flat or rising spectrum infrared source IRAS 20496+4354. The PTF R-band light curve reveals that PTF10nvg brightened by more than 5 mag during the current outburst, rising to a peak magnitude of R-PTF approximate to 13.5 in 2010 September. Follow-up observations indicate that PTF10nvg has undergone a similar similar to 5 mag brightening in the K band and possesses a rich emission-line spectrum, including numerous lines commonly assumed to trace mass accretion and outflows. Many of these lines are blueshifted by similar to 175 km s(-1) from the North American Nebula's rest velocity, suggesting that PTF10nvg is driving an outflow. Optical spectra of PTF10nvg show several TiO/VO band heads fully in emission, indicating the presence of an unusual amount of dense (>10(10) cm(-3)), warm (1500-4000 K) circumstellar material. Near-infrared spectra of PTF10nvg appear quite similar to a spectrum of McNeil's Nebula/V1647 Ori, a young star which has undergone several brightenings in recent decades, and 06297+1021W, a Class I protostar with a similarly reached near-infrared emission line spectrum. While further monitoring is required to fully understand this event, we conclude that the brightening of PTF10nvg is indicative of enhanced accretion and outflow in this Class-I-type protostellar object, similar to the behavior of V1647 Ori in 2004-2005.
C1 [Covey, Kevin R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Ofek, Eran O.; Quimby, Robert M.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.] CALTECH, Dept Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Miller, Adam A.; Poznanski, Dovi; Cenko, S. Bradley; Silverman, Jeffrey M.; Bloom, Joshua S.; Butler, Nathaniel R.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Klein, Christopher] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Poznanski, Dovi; Nugent, Peter; Jacobsen, Janet] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fischer, William] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Rayner, John] Univ Hawai, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Rebull, Luisa M.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Law, Nicholas M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Agueeros, Marcel] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Dekany, Richard G.; Rahmer, Gustavo; Hale, David; Smith, Roger; Zolkower, Jeff; Velur, Viswa; Walters, Richard; Henning, John; Bui, Khanh; McKenna, Dan] CALTECH, Caltech Opt Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Covey, KR (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RI Agueros, Marcel/K-7998-2014;
OI Agueros, Marcel/0000-0001-7077-3664; Fischer, William
J/0000-0002-3747-2496; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X; Covey,
Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797
FU NASA [HST-HF-51253.01-A, NAS 5-26555, NNX09AQ66Q, NNX10A128G]; NSF-CDI
[0941742]; NSF [AST-0908886]; TABASGO Foundation; Gary and Cynthia
Bengier; Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund; W. M. Keck Foundation; Harvard
University
FX K.R.C. acknowledges support for this work from the Hubble Fellowship
Program, provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant
HST-HF-51253.01-A awarded by the STScI, which is operated by the AURA,
Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. J.S.B., D. A. P., C. K., A.
A. M., and D. A. S. acknowledge support of an NSF-CDI grant, "Real-Time
Classification of Massive Time-Series Data Streams" (Award 0941742).
A.V.F.'s group is grateful for the support of NSF grant AST-0908886, the
TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, and the Richard and Rhoda
Goldman Fund.; Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.
M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among
the California Institute of Technology, the University of California,
and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory
was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck
Foundation. The authors recognize and acknowledge the very significant
cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had
within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have
the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.; PAIRITEL is
operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and was made
possible by a grant from the Harvard University Milton Fund, a camera
loan from the University of Virginia, and continued support of the SAO
and UC Berkeley. The PAIRITEL project and those working on PAIRITEL data
are further supported by NASA/Swift Guest Investigator Programs
NNX09AQ66Q and NNX10A128G. This work was also based in part on
observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope,
which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. We
are grateful for the assistance of the staffs at all of the
observatories used to obtain the data.
NR 102
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PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 2
AR 40
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/141/2/40
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 706AW
UT WOS:000286186100012
ER
PT J
AU Nordin, J
Ostman, L
Goobar, A
Amanullah, R
Nichol, RC
Smith, M
Sollerman, J
Bassett, BA
Frieman, J
Garnavich, PM
Leloudas, G
Sako, M
Schneider, DP
AF Nordin, J.
Ostman, L.
Goobar, A.
Amanullah, R.
Nichol, R. C.
Smith, M.
Sollerman, J.
Bassett, B. A.
Frieman, J.
Garnavich, P. M.
Leloudas, G.
Sako, M.
Schneider, D. P.
TI Spectral properties of type Ia supernovae up to z similar to 0.3
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: data analysis; techniques: spectroscopic; supernovae: general;
cosmology: observations; line: profiles
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; NEAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; HOST GALAXIES;
K-CORRECTIONS; LIGHT CURVES; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; OPTICAL
SPECTROSCOPY; IMPROVED DISTANCES; HUBBLE DIAGRAM; DARK ENERGY
AB Aims. Spectroscopic observations of type Ia supernovae obtained at the New Technology Telescope (NTT) and the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), in conjunction with the SDSS-II Supernova Survey, are analysed. We use spectral indicators measured up to a month after the lightcurve peak luminosity to characterise the supernova properties, and examine these for potential correlations with host galaxy type, lightcurve shape, colour excess, and redshift.
Methods. Our analysis is based on 89 type Ia supernovae at a redshift interval z = 0.05-0.3, for which multiband SDSS photometry is available. A lower-z spectroscopy reference sample was used for comparisons over cosmic time. We present measurements of time series of pseudo equivalent widths and line velocities of the main spectral features in type Ia supernovae.
Results. Supernovae with shallower features are found predominantly among the intrinsically brighter slow declining supernovae. We detect the strongest correlation between lightcurve stretch and the Si II lambda 4000 absorption feature, which also correlates with the estimated mass and star formation rate of the host galaxy. We also report a tentative correlation between colour excess and spectral properties. If confirmed, this would suggest that moderate reddening of type Ia supernovae is dominated by effects in the explosion or its immediate environment, as opposed to extinction by interstellar dust.
C1 [Nordin, J.; Ostman, L.; Goobar, A.; Amanullah, R.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Nordin, J.; Ostman, L.; Goobar, A.; Amanullah, R.; Sollerman, J.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Ostman, L.] Inst Fis Altes Energies, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
[Nichol, R. C.; Smith, M.] Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO13FX, Hants, England.
[Smith, M.; Bassett, B. A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Sollerman, J.; Leloudas, G.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Sollerman, J.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Bassett, B. A.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Bassett, B. A.] African Inst Math Sci, Cape Town, South Africa.
[Frieman, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frieman, J.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Garnavich, P. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Garnavich, P. M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Nordin, J (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM nordin@physto.se
OI Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy;
Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; University of Chicago;
Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns
Hopkins University; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute
for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New
Mexico State University; University of Pittsburgh; Princeton University;
United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; Swedish
Research Council; Danish National Research Foundation; Swedish
Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher
Education (STINT)
FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments. We also thank Ryan
J. Foley for helpful discussions. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the
Participating Institutions, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of
Energy, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, and the Max Planck Society. The
SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the
Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC) for the Participating
Institutions. The Participating Institutions are The University of
Chicago, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan
Participation Group, The Johns Hopkins University, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the
Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State
University, University of Pittsburgh, Princeton University, the United
States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. The paper is
partly based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope,
operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Norway, and Sweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los
Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. The data have
been taken using ALFOSC, which is owned by the Instituto de Astrofisica
de Andalucia (IAA) and operated at the Nordic Optical Telescope under
agreement between IAA and the NBI. This paper is partly based on
observations collected at the New Technology Telescope (NTT), operated
by the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern
Hemisphere, Chile. The Oskar Klein Centre is funded by the Swedish
Research Council. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish
National Research Foundation. We thank the Swedish Foundation for
International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT) for
financial support.
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SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 526
AR A119
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201015705
PG 31
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 709RF
UT WOS:000286458400131
ER
PT J
AU Ostman, L
Nordin, J
Goobar, A
Amanullah, R
Smith, M
Sollerman, J
Stanishev, V
Stritzinger, MD
Bassett, BA
Davis, TM
Edmondson, E
Frieman, JA
Garnavich, PM
Lampeitl, H
Leloudas, G
Marriner, J
Nichol, RC
Romer, K
Sako, M
Schneider, DP
Zheng, C
AF Ostman, L.
Nordin, J.
Goobar, A.
Amanullah, R.
Smith, M.
Sollerman, J.
Stanishev, V.
Stritzinger, M. D.
Bassett, B. A.
Davis, T. M.
Edmondson, E.
Frieman, J. A.
Garnavich, P. M.
Lampeitl, H.
Leloudas, G.
Marriner, J.
Nichol, R. C.
Romer, K.
Sako, M.
Schneider, D. P.
Zheng, C.
TI NTT and NOT spectroscopy of SDSS-II supernovae
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: observational; techniques: spectroscopic; supernovae: general;
surveys; cosmology: observations
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; IA SUPERNOVAE;
K-CORRECTIONS; LIGHT CURVES; DIFFERENTIAL REFRACTION; ULTRAVIOLET
EXTINCTION; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; EVOLUTION
AB Context. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey II (SDSS-II) Supernova Survey, conducted between 2005 and 2007, was designed to detect a large number of type Ia supernovae around z similar to 0.2, the redshift "gap" between low-z and high-z supernova searches. The survey has provided multi-band (ugriz) photometric lightcurves for variable targets, and supernova candidates were scheduled for spectroscopic observations, primarily to provide supernova classification and accurate redshifts. We present supernova spectra obtained in 2006 and 2007 using the New Technology Telescope (NTT) and the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT).
Aims. We provide an atlas of supernova spectra in the range z = 0.03-0.32 that complements the well-sampled lightcurves from SDSS-II in the forthcoming three-year SDSS supernova cosmology analysis. The sample can, for example, be used for spectral studies of type Ia supernovae, which are critical for understanding potential systematic effects when supernovae are used to determine cosmological distances.
Methods. The spectra were reduced in a uniform manner, and special care was taken in estimating the uncertainties for the different processing steps. Host-galaxy light was subtracted when possible and the supernova type fitted using the SuperNova IDentification code (SNID). We also present comparisons between spectral and photometric dating using SALT lightcurve fits to the photometry from SDSS-II, as well as the global distribution of our sample in terms of the lightcurve parameters: stretch and colour.
Results. We report new spectroscopic data from 141 type Ia supernovae, mainly between -9 and +15 days from lightcurve maximum, including a few cases of multi-epoch observations. This homogeneous, host-galaxy subtracted, type Ia supernova spectroscopic sample is among the largest such data sets and unique in its redshift interval. The sample includes two potential SN 1991T-like supernovae (SN 2006on and SN 2007ni) and one potential SN 2002cx-like supernova (SN 2007ie). In addition, the new compilation includes spectra from 23 confirmed type II and 8 type Ib/c supernovae.
C1 [Ostman, L.; Nordin, J.; Goobar, A.; Amanullah, R.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Ostman, L.] Inst Fis Altes Energies, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
[Ostman, L.; Nordin, J.; Goobar, A.; Amanullah, R.; Sollerman, J.; Stritzinger, M. D.] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Smith, M.; Edmondson, E.; Lampeitl, H.; Nichol, R. C.] Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England.
[Smith, M.; Bassett, B. A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Sollerman, J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sollerman, J.; Stritzinger, M. D.; Davis, T. M.; Leloudas, G.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Stanishev, V.] Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Stritzinger, M. D.] Carnegie Observ, Carnegie Inst Sci, La Serena, Chile.
[Bassett, B. A.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Bassett, B. A.] African Inst Math Sci, Cape Town, South Africa.
[Davis, T. M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Frieman, J. A.; Marriner, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Garnavich, P. M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Romer, K.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England.
[Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zheng, C.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Ostman, L (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM linda@ifae.es
RI Stanishev, Vallery/M-8930-2013; Davis, Tamara/A-4280-2008;
OI Stanishev, Vallery/0000-0002-7626-1181; Davis,
Tamara/0000-0002-4213-8783; Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615
FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [CSD2007-00060]; FCT
Portugal; Swedish Research Council; Danish National Research Foundation;
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department
of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese
Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for
England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute
Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western
Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab;
Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins
University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute
for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese
Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory;
Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for
Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University;
University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton
University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington
FX The authors would like to thank Johan Fynbo, Christa Gall and Christina
Henriksson who all helped out at the NOT observations. L. is partially
supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN)
through the Consolider Ingenio-2010 program, under project CSD2007-00060
"Physics of the Accelerating Universe (PAU)". V.S is financially
supported by FCT Portugal under program Ciencia 2008. The Oskar Klein
Centre is funded by the Swedish Research Council. The Dark Cosmology
Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. Funding for
the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science
Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck
Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS
Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the
Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions.
The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural
History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel,
University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of
Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study,
the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint
Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle
Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese
Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the
Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for
Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University,
University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton
University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of
Washington. The paper is partly based on observations made with the
Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on the island of La Palma jointly by
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, in the Spanish
Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica
de Canarias. The data have been taken using ALFOSC, which is owned by
the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) and operated at the
Nordic Optical Telescope under agreement between IAA and the NBI. The
paper is partly based on observations collected at the New Technology
Telescope, operated by the European Organisation for Astronomical
Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile.
NR 53
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JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 526
AR A28
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 709RF
UT WOS:000286458400040
ER
PT J
AU Abdo, AA
Ackermann, M
Ajello, M
Allafort, A
Baldini, L
Ballet, J
Barbiellini, G
Baring, MG
Bastieri, D
Bechtol, K
Bellazzini, R
Berenji, B
Blandford, RD
Bloom, ED
Bonamente, E
Borgland, AW
Bouvier, A
Brandt, TJ
Bregeon, J
Brez, A
Brigida, M
Bruel, P
Buehler, R
Buson, S
Caliandro, GA
Cameron, RA
Cannon, A
Caraveo, PA
Carrigan, S
Casandjian, JM
Cavazzuti, E
Cecchi, C
Celik, O
Charles, E
Chekhtman, A
Cheung, CC
Chiang, J
Ciprini, S
Claus, R
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Conrad, J
Cutini, S
Dermer, CD
de Palma, F
Silva, EDE
Drell, PS
Dubois, R
Dumora, D
Favuzzi, C
Fegan, SJ
Ferrara, EC
Focke, WB
Fortin, P
Frailis, M
Fuhrmann, L
Fukazawa, Y
Funk, S
Fusco, P
Gargano, F
Gasparrini, D
Gehrels, N
Germani, S
Giglietto, N
Giordano, F
Giroletti, M
Glanzman, T
Godfrey, G
Grenier, IA
Guillemot, L
Guiriec, S
Hayashida, M
Hays, E
Horan, D
Hughes, RE
Johannesson, G
Johnson, AS
Johnson, WN
Kadler, M
Kamae, T
Katagiri, H
Kataoka, J
Knodlseder, J
Kuss, M
Lande, J
Latronico, L
Lee, SH
Lemoine-Goumard, M
Longo, F
Loparco, F
Lott, B
Lovellette, MN
Lubrano, P
Madejski, GM
Makeev, A
Max-Moerbeck, W
Mazziotta, MN
McEnery, JE
Mehault, J
Michelson, PF
Mitthumsiri, W
Mizuno, T
Moiseev, AA
Monte, C
Monzani, ME
Morselli, A
Moskalenko, IV
Murgia, S
Naumann-Godo, M
Nishino, S
Nolan, PL
Norris, JP
Nuss, E
Ohsugi, T
Okumura, A
Omodei, N
Orlando, E
Ormes, JF
Paneque, D
Panetta, JH
Parent, D
Pavlidou, V
Pearson, TJ
Pelassa, V
Pepe, M
Pesce-Rollins, M
Piron, F
Porter, TA
Raino, S
Rando, R
Razzano, M
Readhead, A
Reimer, A
Reimer, O
Richards, JL
Ripken, J
Ritz, S
Roth, M
Sadrozinski, HFW
Sanchez, D
Sander, A
Scargle, JD
Sgro, C
Siskind, EJ
Smith, PD
Spandre, G
Spinelli, P
Stawarz, L
Stevenson, M
Strickman, MS
Sokolovsky, KV
Suson, DJ
Takahashi, H
Takahashi, T
Tanaka, T
Thayer, JB
Thayer, JG
Thompson, DJ
Tibaldo, L
Torres, F
Tosti, G
Tramacere, A
Uchiyama, Y
Usher, TL
Vandenbroucke, J
Vasileiou, V
Vilchez, N
Vitale, V
Waite, AP
Wang, P
Wehrle, AE
Winer, BL
Wood, KS
Yang, Z
Ylinen, T
Zensus, JA
Ziegler, M
Aleksic, J
Antonelli, LA
Antoranz, P
Backes, M
Barrio, JA
Gonzalez, JB
Bednarek, W
Berdyugin, A
Berger, K
Bernardini, E
Biland, A
Blanch, O
Bock, RK
Boller, A
Bonnoli, G
Bordas, P
Tridon, DB
Bosch-Ramon, V
Bose, D
Braun, I
Bretz, T
Camara, M
Carmona, E
Carosi, A
Colin, P
Colombo, E
Contreras, JL
Cortina, J
Covino, S
Dazzi, F
de Angelis, A
del Pozo, ED
De Lotto, B
De Maria, M
De Sabata, F
Mendez, CD
Ortega, AD
Doert, M
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Aune, T
Benbow, W
Boltuch, D
Bradbury, SM
Buckley, JH
Bugaev, V
Cannon, A
Cesarini, A
Ciupik, L
Cui, W
Dickherber, R
Errando, M
Falcone, A
Finley, JP
Finnegan, G
Fortson, L
Furniss, A
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Gillanders, GH
Godambe, S
Grube, J
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Kieda, D
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Lang, MJ
Maier, G
McArthur, S
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Moriarty, P
Mukherjee, R
Ong, R
Otte, N
Pandel, D
Perkins, JS
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Pohl, M
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Ragan, K
Reyes, LC
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Steele, D
Swordy, SP
Tesic, G
Theiling, M
Thibadeau, S
Varlotta, A
Vincent, S
Wakely, SP
Ward, JE
Weekes, TC
Weinstein, A
Weisgarber, T
Williams, DA
Wood, M
Zitzer, B
Villata, M
Raiteri, CM
Aller, HD
Aller, MF
Arkharov, AA
Blinov, DA
Calcidese, P
Chen, WP
Efimova, NV
Kimeridze, G
Konstantinova, TS
Kopatskaya, EN
Koptelova, E
Kurtanidze, OM
Kurtanidze, SO
Lahteenmaki, A
Larionov, VM
Larionova, EG
Larionova, LV
Ligustri, R
Morozova, DA
Nikolashvili, MG
Sigua, LA
Troitsky, IS
Angelakis, E
Capalbi, M
Carraminana, A
Carrasco, L
Cassaro, P
de la Fuente, E
Gurwell, MA
Kovalev, YY
Kovalev, YA
Krichbaum, TP
Krimm, HA
Leto, P
Lister, ML
Maccaferri, G
Moody, JW
Mori, Y
Nestoras, I
Orlati, A
Pagani, C
Pace, C
Pearson, R
Perri, M
Piner, BG
Pushkarev, AB
Ros, E
Sadun, AC
Sakamoto, T
Tornikoski, M
Yatsu, Y
Zook, A
AF Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Allafort, A.
Baldini, L.
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Baring, M. G.
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Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Berenji, B.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bouvier, A.
Brandt, T. J.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Buehler, R.
Buson, S.
Caliandro, G. A.
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do Couto e Silva, E.
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Fortin, P.
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Gehrels, N.
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Giordano, F.
Giroletti, M.
Glanzman, T.
Godfrey, G.
Grenier, I. A.
Guillemot, L.
Guiriec, S.
Hayashida, M.
Hays, E.
Horan, D.
Hughes, R. E.
Johannesson, G.
Johnson, A. S.
Johnson, W. N.
Kadler, M.
Kamae, T.
Katagiri, H.
Kataoka, J.
Knoedlseder, J.
Kuss, M.
Lande, J.
Latronico, L.
Lee, S. -H.
Lemoine-Goumard, M.
Longo, F.
Loparco, F.
Lott, B.
Lovellette, M. N.
Lubrano, P.
Madejski, G. M.
Makeev, A.
Max-Moerbeck, W.
Mazziotta, M. N.
McEnery, J. E.
Mehault, J.
Michelson, P. F.
Mitthumsiri, W.
Mizuno, T.
Moiseev, A. A.
Monte, C.
Monzani, M. E.
Morselli, A.
Moskalenko, I. V.
Murgia, S.
Naumann-Godo, M.
Nishino, S.
Nolan, P. L.
Norris, J. P.
Nuss, E.
Ohsugi, T.
Okumura, A.
Omodei, N.
Orlando, E.
Ormes, J. F.
Paneque, D.
Panetta, J. H.
Parent, D.
Pavlidou, V.
Pearson, T. J.
Pelassa, V.
Pepe, M.
Pesce-Rollins, M.
Piron, F.
Porter, T. A.
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Ritz, S.
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Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.
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Sander, A.
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Stawarz, L.
Stevenson, M.
Strickman, M. S.
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Tanaka, T.
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Dazzi, F.
de Angelis, A.
del Pozo, E. De Cea
De Lotto, B.
De Maria, M.
De Sabata, F.
Mendez, C. Delgado
Ortega, A. Diago
Doert, M.
Dominguez, A.
Prester, D. Dominis
Dorner, D.
Doro, M.
Elsaesser, D.
Ferenc, D.
Fonseca, M. V.
Font, L.
Lopen, R. J. Garcia
Garczarczyk, M.
Gaug, M.
Giavitto, G.
Godinovi, N.
Hadasch, D.
Herrero, A.
Hildebrand, D.
Hoehne-Moench, D.
Hose, J.
Hrupec, D.
Jogler, T.
Klepser, S.
Kraehenbuehl, T.
Kranich, D.
Krause, J.
La Barbera, A.
Leonardo, E.
Lindfors, E.
Lombardi, S.
Lopez, M.
Lorenz, E.
Majumdar, P.
Makariev, E.
Maneva, G.
Mankuzhiyil, N.
Mannheim, K.
Maraschi, L.
Mariotti, M.
Martinez, M.
Mazin, D.
Meucci, M.
Miranda, J. M.
Mirzoyan, R.
Miyamoto, H.
Moldon, J.
Moralejo, A.
Nieto, D.
Nilsson, K.
Orito, R.
Oya, I.
Paoletti, R.
Paredes, J. M.
Partini, S.
Pasanen, M.
Pauss, F.
Pegna, R. G.
Perez-Torres, M. A.
Persic, M.
Peruzzo, J.
Pochon, J.
Moroni, P. G. Prada
Prada, F.
Prandini, E.
Puchades, N.
Puljak, I.
Reichardt, T.
Reinthal, R.
Rhode, W.
Ribo, M.
Rico, J.
Rissi, M.
Ruegamer, S.
Saggion, A.
Saito, K.
Saito, T. Y.
Salvati, M.
Sanchez-Conde, M.
Satalecka, K.
Scalzotto, V.
Scapin, V.
Schultz, C.
Schweizer, T.
Shayduk, M.
Shore, S. N.
Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.
Sillanpaa, A.
Sitarek, J.
Sobczynska, D.
Spanier, F.
Spiro, S.
Stamerra, A.
Steinke, B.
Storz, J.
Strah, N.
Struebig, J. C.
Suric, T.
Takalo, L. O.
Tavecchio, F.
Temnikov, P.
Terzic, T.
Tescaro, D.
Teshima, M.
Vankov, H.
Wagner, R. M.
Weitzel, Q.
Zabalza, V.
Zandanel, F.
Zanin, R.
Acciari, V. A.
Arlen, T.
Aune, T.
Benbow, W.
Boltuch, D.
Bradbury, S. M.
Buckley, J. H.
Bugaev, V.
Cannon, A.
Cesarini, A.
Ciupik, L.
Cui, W.
Dickherber, R.
Errando, M.
Falcone, A.
Finley, J. P.
Finnegan, G.
Fortson, L.
Furniss, A.
Galante, N.
Gall, D.
Gillanders, G. H.
Godambe, S.
Grube, J.
Guenette, R.
Gyuk, G.
Hanna, D.
Holder, J.
Huang, D.
Hui, C. M.
Humensky, T. B.
Kaaret, P.
Karlsson, N.
Kertzman, M.
Kieda, D.
Konopelko, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Krennrich, F.
Lang, M. J.
Maier, G.
McArthur, S.
McCann, A.
McCutcheon, M.
Moriarty, P.
Mukherjee, R.
Ong, R.
Otte, N.
Pandel, D.
Perkins, J. S.
Pichel, A.
Pohl, M.
Quinn, J.
Ragan, K.
Reyes, L. C.
Reynolds, P. T.
Roache, E.
Rose, H. J.
Rovero, A. C.
Schroedter, M.
Sembroski, G. H.
Senturk, G. D.
Steele, D.
Swordy, S. P.
Tesic, G.
Theiling, M.
Thibadeau, S.
Varlotta, A.
Vincent, S.
Wakely, S. P.
Ward, J. E.
Weekes, T. C.
Weinstein, A.
Weisgarber, T.
Williams, D. A.
Wood, M.
Zitzer, B.
Villata, M.
Raiteri, C. M.
Aller, H. D.
Aller, M. F.
Arkharov, A. A.
Blinov, D. A.
Calcidese, P.
Chen, W. P.
Efimova, N. V.
Kimeridze, G.
Konstantinova, T. S.
Kopatskaya, E. N.
Koptelova, E.
Kurtanidze, O. M.
Kurtanidze, S. O.
Lahteenmaki, A.
Larionov, V. M.
Larionova, E. G.
Larionova, L. V.
Ligustri, R.
Morozova, D. A.
Nikolashvili, M. G.
Sigua, L. A.
Troitsky, I. S.
Angelakis, E.
Capalbi, M.
Carraminana, A.
Carrasco, L.
Cassaro, P.
de la Fuente, E.
Gurwell, M. A.
Kovalev, Y. Y.
Kovalev, Yu. A.
Krichbaum, T. P.
Krimm, H. A.
Leto, P.
Lister, M. L.
Maccaferri, G.
Moody, J. W.
Mori, Y.
Nestoras, I.
Orlati, A.
Pagani, C.
Pace, C.
Pearson, R., III
Perri, M.
Piner, B. G.
Pushkarev, A. B.
Ros, E.
Sadun, A. C.
Sakamoto, T.
Tornikoski, M.
Yatsu, Y.
Zook, A.
CA Fermi-LAT Collaboration
MAGIC Collaboration
VERITAS Collaboration
TI INSIGHTS INTO THE HIGH-ENERGY gamma-RAY EMISSION OF MARKARIAN 501 FROM
EXTENSIVE MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS IN THE FERMI ERA
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; BL Lacertae objects: general; BL Lacertae
objects: individual (Mrk 501); galaxies: active; gamma rays: general;
radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
ID BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; CHERENKOV TELESCOPE SYSTEM; MAGNETOSONIC
SHOCK-WAVES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LOG-PARABOLIC SPECTRA; LARGE-AREA
TELESCOPE; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; X-RAY; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; TEV
VARIABILITY
AB We report on the gamma-ray activity of the blazar Mrk 501 during the first 480 days of Fermi operation. We find that the average Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray spectrum of Mrk 501 can be well described by a single power-law function with a photon index of 1.78 +/- 0.03. While we observe relatively mild flux variations with the Fermi-LAT (within less than a factor of two), we detect remarkable spectral variability where the hardest observed spectral index within the LAT energy range is 1.52 +/- 0.14, and the softest one is 2.51 +/- 0.20. These unexpected spectral changes do not correlate with the measured flux variations above 0.3 GeV. In this paper, we also present the first results from the 4.5 month long multifrequency campaign (2009 March 15-August 1) on Mrk 501, which included the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), Swift, RXTE, MAGIC, and VERITAS, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments which provided excellent temporal and energy coverage of the source throughout the entire campaign. The extensive radio to TeV data set from this campaign provides us with the most detailed spectral energy distribution yet collected for this source during its relatively low activity. The average spectral energy distribution of Mrk 501 is well described by the standard one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. In the framework of this model, we find that the dominant emission region is characterized by a size less than or similar to 0.1 pc (comparable within a factor of few to the size of the partially resolved VLBA core at 15-43 GHz), and that the total jet power (similar or equal to 10(44) erg s(-1)) constitutes only a small fraction (similar to 10(-3)) of the Eddington luminosity. The energy distribution of the freshly accelerated radiating electrons required to fit the time-averaged data has a broken power-law form in the energy range 0.3 GeV-10 TeV, with spectral indices 2.2 and 2.7 below and above the break energy of 20 GeV. We argue that such a form is consistent with a scenario in which the bulk of the energy dissipation within the dominant emission zone of Mrk 501 is due to relativistic, proton-mediated shocks. We find that the ultrarelativistic electrons and mildly relativistic protons within the blazar zone, if comparable in number, are in approximate energy equipartition, with their energy dominating the jet magnetic field energy by about two orders of magnitude.
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[Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
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[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
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[Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Brandt, T. J.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
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[Aller, H. D.; Aller, M. F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
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[Lahteenmaki, A.; Tornikoski, M.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FIN-02540 Kylmala, Finland.
[Larionov, V. M.] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Ligustri, R.] Circolo Astrofili Talmassons, I-33030 Campoformido, UD, Italy.
[Carraminana, A.; Carrasco, L.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72840, Mexico.
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[de la Fuente, E.] Univ Guadalajara, CUCEI, Dpto Fis, Inst Astron & Meteorol, Jalisco, Mexico.
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[Maccaferri, G.; Orlati, A.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, Staz Radioastron Med, I-40059 Bologna, Italy.
[Moody, J. W.; Pace, C.; Pearson, R., III] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Mori, Y.; Yatsu, Y.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Pagani, C.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Piner, B. G.] Whittier Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Whittier, CA USA.
[Pushkarev, A. B.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-98409 Nauchnyi, Crimea, Ukraine.
[Ros, E.] Univ Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
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[Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Paneque, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM dpaneque@mppmu.mpg.de; stawarz@astro.isas.jaxa.jp
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David/D-2939-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery,
Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; Mannheim,
Karl/F-6705-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli,
Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Doro, Michele/F-9458-2012;
Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Larionov, Valeri/H-1349-2013; Kopatskaya,
Evgenia/H-4720-2013; Larionova, Elena/H-7287-2013; Efimova,
Natalia/I-2196-2013; Blinov, Dmitry/G-9925-2013; Rando,
Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Hays,
Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Kurtanidze,
Omar/J-6237-2014; Rico, Javier/K-8004-2014; Fernandez,
Ester/K-9734-2014; Lopez Moya, Marcos/L-2304-2014; GAug,
Markus/L-2340-2014; Moralejo Olaizola, Abelardo/M-2916-2014; Ribo,
Marc/B-3579-2015; Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015;
Pavlidou, Vasiliki/C-2944-2011; Sokolovsky, Kirill/D-2246-2015;
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Daniel/J-7250-2015; Kovalev, Yuri/N-1053-2015; Pearson,
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Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano,
Fabio/O-8934-2015; Pushkarev, Alexander/M-9997-2015; Miranda, Jose
Miguel/F-2913-2013; Font, Lluis/L-4197-2014; Moskalenko,
Igor/A-1301-2007; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Mazziotta,
Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Maneva,
Galina/L-7120-2016; Backes, Michael/N-5126-2016; Torres,
Diego/O-9422-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016;
Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Cortina, Juan/C-2783-2017; Fonseca Gonzalez,
Maria Victoria/I-2004-2015;
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Miranda, Jose Miguel/0000-0002-1472-9690; Font,
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Moroni, Pier Giorgio/0000-0001-9712-9916
FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; International Doctorate on Astroparticle
Physics (IDAPP) program; INFN Padova; Academy of Finland [212656,
210338]; National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Long Baseline Array
(VLBA) [BK150, BP143, MOJAVE]; Russian RFBR foundation [09-02-00092];
Georgian National Science Foundation [GNSF/ST07/4-180]; NASA
[NNX08AW31G]; NSF [AST-0808050]
FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant
from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Partially supported by the
International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program.;
Supported by INFN Padova.; We acknowledge the use of public data from
the Swift and RXTE data archive. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the
support from the Academy of Finland to the observing projects (numbers
212656, 210338, among others). This research has made use of data
obtained from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Long
Baseline Array (VLBA), projects BK150, BP143, and MOJAVE. The National
Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science
Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated
Universities, Inc. St. Petersburg University team acknowledges support
from Russian RFBR foundation via grant 09-02-00092. AZT-24 observations
are made within an agreement between Pulkovo, Rome and Teramo
observatories. This research is partly based on observations with the
100-m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie)
at Effelsberg, as well as with the Medicina and Noto telescopes operated
by INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia. The Submillimeter Array is a joint
project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the
Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by
the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. M. Villata
organized the optical-to-radio observations by GASP-WEBT as the
president of the collaboration. Abastumani Observatory team acknowledges
financial support by the Georgian National Science Foundation through
grant GNSF/ST07/4-180. The OVRO 40 m program was funded in part by NASA
(NNX08AW31G) and the NSF (AST-0808050).
NR 122
TC 92
Z9 92
U1 5
U2 40
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 727
IS 2
AR 129
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/129
PG 26
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 712JE
UT WOS:000286662000068
ER
PT J
AU Alam, U
Lukic, Z
Bhattacharya, S
AF Alam, Ujjaini
Lukic, Zarija
Bhattacharya, Suman
TI GALAXY CLUSTERS AS A PROBE OF EARLY DARK ENERGY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dark energy; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: luminosity function,
mass function; large-scale structure of universe
ID HALO MASS FUNCTION; ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE; SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE;
MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; ZELDOVICH POWER SPECTRUM; PRECISION
COSMOLOGY; OBSERVED GROWTH; IMPACT; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION
AB We study a class of early dark energy (EDE) models, in which, unlike in standard dark energy models, a substantial amount of dark energy exists in the matter-dominated era. We self-consistently include dark energy perturbations, and show that these models may be successfully constrained using future observations of galaxy clusters, in particular the redshift abundance, and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) power spectrum. We make predictions for EDE models, as well as Lambda CDM for incoming X-ray (eROSITA) and microwave (South Pole Telescope) observations. We show that galaxy clusters' mass function and the SZ power spectrum will put strong constraints both on the equation of state of dark energy today and the redshift at which EDE transits to present-day Lambda CDM-like behavior for these models, thus providing complementary information to the geometric probes of dark energy. Not including perturbations in EDE models leads to those models being practically indistinguishable from Lambda CDM. An MCMC analysis of future galaxy cluster surveys provides constraints for EDE parameters that are competitive with and complementary to background expansion observations such as supernovae.
C1 [Alam, Ujjaini] Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lukic, Zarija; Bhattacharya, Suman] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div T, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Alam, U (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, ISR 1, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ujjaini@lanl.gov; zarija@lanl.gov; sumanb@lanl.gov
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Department of Energy via the LDRD
program at LANL
FX We thank Konstantin Borozdin, Salman Habib, and Katrin Heitmann for
useful discussions. We also thank the referee for his useful
suggestions. The authors acknowledge support from Los Alamos National
Laboratory and the Department of Energy via the LDRD program at LANL.
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PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 727
IS 2
AR 87
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/87
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 712JE
UT WOS:000286662000026
ER
PT J
AU Herwig, F
Pignatari, M
Woodward, PR
Porter, DH
Rockefeller, G
Fryer, CL
Bennett, M
Hirschi, R
AF Herwig, Falk
Pignatari, Marco
Woodward, Paul R.
Porter, David H.
Rockefeller, Gabriel
Fryer, Chris L.
Bennett, Michael
Hirschi, Raphael
TI CONVECTIVE-REACTIVE PROTON-C-12 COMBUSTION IN SAKURAI'S OBJECT (V4334
SAGITTARII) AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION AND YIELDS FROM THE FIRST
GENERATIONS OF STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: abundances; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: evolution; stars:
individual (V4334 Sagittarii); stars: interiors; hydrodynamics; nuclear
reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances
ID EXTREMELY METAL-POOR; ASYMPTOTIC-GIANT-BRANCH; PIECEWISE-PARABOLIC
METHOD; HEAVY-ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; S-PROCESS
ABUNDANCES; VERY-LOW METALLICITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CARBON-RICH;
BARIUM STARS
AB Depending on mass and metallicity as well as evolutionary phase, stars occasionally experience convective-reactive nucleosynthesis episodes. We specifically investigate the situation when nucleosynthetically unprocessed, H-rich material is convectively mixed with an He-burning zone, for example in a convectively unstable shell on top of electron-degenerate cores in asymptotic giant branch stars, young white dwarfs, or X-ray bursting neutron stars. Such episodes are frequently encountered in stellar evolution models of stars of extremely low or zerometal content, such as the first stars. We have carried out detailed nucleosynthesis simulations based on stellar evolution models and informed by hydrodynamic simulations. We focus on the convective-reactive episode in the very late thermal pulse star Sakurai's object (V4334 Sagittarii). Asplund et al. determined the abundances of 28 elements, many of which are highly non-solar, ranging from H, He, and Li all the way to Ba and La, plus the C isotopic ratio. Our simulations show that the mixing evolution according to standard, one-dimensional stellar evolution models implies neutron densities in the He intershell (less than or similar to few 10(11) cm(-3)) that are too low to obtain a significant neutron capture nucleosynthesis on the heavy elements. We have carried out three-dimensional hydrodynamic He-shell flash convection simulations in 4 pi geometry to study the entrainment of H-rich material. Guided by these simulations we assume that the ingestion process of H into the He-shell convection zone leads only after some delay time to a sufficient entropy barrier that splits the convection zone into the original one driven by He burning and a new one driven by the rapid burning of ingested H. By making such mixing assumptions that are motivated by our hydrodynamic simulations we obtain significantly higher neutron densities (similar to few 10(15) cm(-3)) and reproduce the key observed abundance trends found in Sakurai's object. These include an overproduction of Rb, Sr, and Y by about two orders of magnitude higher than the overproduction of Ba and La. Such a peculiar nucleosynthesis signature is impossible to obtain with the mixing predictions in our one-dimensional stellar evolution models. The simulated Li abundance and the isotopic ratio C-12/C-13 are as well in agreement with observations. Details of the observed heavy element abundances can be used as a sensitive diagnostic tool for the neutron density, for the neutron exposure and, in general, for the physics of the convective-reactive phases in stellar evolution. For example, the high elemental ratio Sc/Ca and the high Sc production indicate high neutron densities. The diagnostic value of such abundance markers depends on uncertain nuclear physics input. We determine how our results depend on uncertainties of nuclear reaction rates, for example for the C-13(alpha, n)O-16 reaction.
C1 [Herwig, Falk; Pignatari, Marco] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P5C2, Canada.
[Pignatari, Marco] Univ Notre Dame, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Pignatari, Marco] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Woodward, Paul R.] Univ Minnesota, LCSE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Woodward, Paul R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Porter, David H.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Rockefeller, Gabriel; Fryer, Chris L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Comp Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Rockefeller, Gabriel; Fryer, Chris L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Bennett, Michael; Hirschi, Raphael] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Lennard Jones Lab, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
[Hirschi, Raphael] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
RP Herwig, F (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P5C2, Canada.
EM fherwig@uvic.ca
RI Rockefeller, Gabriel/G-2920-2010
OI Rockefeller, Gabriel/0000-0002-9029-5097
FU NSERC; NSF [NSF-CNS-0708822]; National Nuclear Security Administration
of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; World Premier International Research Center
Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan
FX F.H. acknowledges NSERC Discovery Grant funding. The hydrodynamics
simulations were performed by P. R. W. on a cluster of workstations at
the University of Minnesota, provided through an NSF equipment grant,
NSF-CNS-0708822. The work of C. F. and G. R. was funded in part under
the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S.
Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory and supported by
Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. R. H. acknowledges support from the
World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative),
MEXT, Japan. This work used the SE library (LA-CC-08-057) developed at
Los Alamos National Laboratory as part of the NuGrid collaboration; the
SE library makes use of the HDF5 library, which was developed by The HDF
Group and by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 727
IS 2
AR 89
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/89
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 712JE
UT WOS:000286662000028
ER
PT J
AU Cooke, J
Ellis, RS
Sullivan, M
Nugent, P
Howell, DA
Gal-Yam, A
Lidman, C
Bloom, JS
Cenko, SB
Kasliwal, MM
Kulkarni, SR
Law, NM
Ofek, EO
Quimby, RM
AF Cooke, Jeff
Ellis, Richard S.
Sullivan, Mark
Nugent, Peter
Howell, D. Andrew
Gal-Yam, Avishay
Lidman, Chris
Bloom, Joshua S.
Cenko, S. Bradley
Kasliwal, Mansi M.
Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
Law, Nicholas M.
Ofek, Eran O.
Quimby, Robert M.
TI HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE STUDIES OF NEARBY TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE: THE MEAN
MAXIMUM LIGHT ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM AND ITS DISPERSION
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmological parameters; supernovae: general; ultraviolet: general
ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTROMETER; HOST GALAXIES; LEGACY SURVEY;
SPECTROGRAPH; REDSHIFT; CURVES; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; INDICATORS
AB We present the first results of an ongoing campaign using the STIS spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), whose primary goal is the study of near-ultraviolet (UV) spectra of local Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Using events identified by the Palomar Transient Factory and subsequently verified by ground-based spectroscopy, we demonstrate the ability to locate and classify SNe Ia as early as 16 days prior to maximum light. This enables us to trigger HST in a non-disruptive mode to obtain near UV spectra within a few days of maximum light for comparison with earlier equivalent ground-based spectroscopic campaigns conducted at intermediate-redshifts, (z) over bar similar or equal to 0.5. We analyze the spectra of 12 SNe Ia located in the Hubble flow with 0.01 < z < 0.08. Although a fraction of our eventual sample, these data, together with archival data, already provide a substantial advance over that previously available. Restricting samples to those of similar phase and stretch, the mean UV spectrum agrees reasonably closely with that at intermediate redshift, although some differences are found in the metallic absorption features. A larger sample will determine whether these differences reflect possible biases or are a genuine evolutionary effect. Significantly, the wavelength-dependent dispersion, which is larger in the UV, follows similar trends to those observed at intermediate redshift and is driven, in part, by differences in the various metallic features. While the origin of the UV dispersion remains uncertain, our comparison suggests that it may reflect compositional variations among our sample rather than being predominantly an evolutionary effect.
C1 [Cooke, Jeff; Ellis, Richard S.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Ofek, Eran O.; Quimby, Robert M.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Sullivan, Mark] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
[Nugent, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Howell, D. Andrew] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA.
[Howell, D. Andrew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gal-Yam, Avishay] Weizmann Inst Sci, Astrophys Grp, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Lidman, Chris] Australian Astron Observ, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
[Bloom, Joshua S.; Cenko, S. Bradley] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Law, Nicholas M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
RP Cooke, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM cooke@astro.caltech.edu.edu
OI Sullivan, Mark/0000-0001-9053-4820
FU DOE [DE-SC0001101]; Royal Society; Israeli Science Foundation; European
Union; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO 11721]; NASA
[NAS5-26555]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy Scientific Discovery
[DE-FG02-06ER06-04]
FX R.S.E. acknowledges support from DOE grant DE-SC0001101, M. S. from the
Royal Society, A. G. from the Israeli Science Foundation and a European
Union Marie Curie fellowship. Support for program GO 11721 was provided
by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute,
which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA Contract NAS5-26555. The
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported
by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, provided staff, computational resources,
and data storage for this project. P.E.N. acknowledges support from the
US Department of Energy Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
program under contract DE-FG02-06ER06-04. S. B. C. acknowledges generous
support from Gary and Cynthia Bengier and the Richard and Rhoda Goldman
Foundation.
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PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 727
IS 2
AR L35
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/727/2/L35
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 706DB
UT WOS:000286196200008
ER
PT J
AU Guiriec, S
Connaughton, V
Briggs, MS
Burgess, M
Ryde, F
Daigne, F
Meszaros, P
Goldstein, A
McEnery, J
Omodei, N
Bhat, PN
Bissaldi, E
Camero-Arranz, A
Chaplin, V
Diehl, R
Fishman, G
Foley, S
Gibby, M
Giles, MM
Greiner, J
Gruber, D
von Kienlin, A
Kippen, M
Kouveliotou, C
McBreen, S
Meegan, CA
Paciesas, W
Preece, R
Rau, A
Tierney, D
van der Horst, AJ
Wilson-Hodge, C
AF Guiriec, Sylvain
Connaughton, Valerie
Briggs, Michael S.
Burgess, Michael
Ryde, Felix
Daigne, Frederic
Meszaros, Peter
Goldstein, Adam
McEnery, Julie
Omodei, Nicola
Bhat, P. N.
Bissaldi, Elisabetta
Camero-Arranz, Ascension
Chaplin, Vandiver
Diehl, Roland
Fishman, Gerald
Foley, Suzanne
Gibby, Melissa
Giles, Misty M.
Greiner, Jochen
Gruber, David
von Kienlin, Andreas
Kippen, Marc
Kouveliotou, Chryssa
McBreen, Sheila
Meegan, Charles A.
Paciesas, William
Preece, Robert
Rau, Arne
Tierney, Dave
van der Horst, Alexander J.
Wilson-Hodge, Colleen
TI DETECTION OF A THERMAL SPECTRAL COMPONENT IN THE PROMPT EMISSION OF GRB
100724B
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 1000724B);
gamma rays: stars; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radiation
mechanisms: thermal
ID GAMMA-RAY-BURSTS; FERMI OBSERVATIONS; BATSE OBSERVATIONS; SHOCK MODEL;
BRIGHT; SPECTROSCOPY; EVOLUTION; CATALOG; MONITOR
AB Observations of GRB 100724B with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor find that the spectrum is dominated by the typical Band functional form, which is usually taken to represent a non-thermal emission component, but also includes a statistically highly significant thermal spectral contribution. The simultaneous observation of the thermal and non-thermal components allows us to confidently identify the two emission components. The fact that these seem to vary independently favors the idea that the thermal component is of photospheric origin while the dominant non-thermal emission occurs at larger radii. Our results imply either a very high efficiency for the non-thermal process or a very small size of the region at the base of the flow, both quite challenging for the standard fireball model. These problems are resolved if the jet is initially highly magnetized and has a substantial Poynting flux.
C1 [Guiriec, Sylvain; Connaughton, Valerie; Briggs, Michael S.; Burgess, Michael; Goldstein, Adam; Bhat, P. N.; Chaplin, Vandiver; Paciesas, William; Preece, Robert] Univ Alabama, NSSTC, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Ryde, Felix] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Ryde, Felix] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Daigne, Frederic] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Meszaros, Peter] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Meszaros, Peter] Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[McEnery, Julie] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[McEnery, Julie] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[McEnery, Julie] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Omodei, Nicola] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Bissaldi, Elisabetta; Diehl, Roland; Foley, Suzanne; Greiner, Jochen; Gruber, David; von Kienlin, Andreas; Rau, Arne] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Camero-Arranz, Ascension] Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Fishman, Gerald; Kouveliotou, Chryssa; Wilson-Hodge, Colleen] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, VP62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Gibby, Melissa; Giles, Misty M.] Jacobs Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Kippen, Marc] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[McBreen, Sheila; Tierney, Dave] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Meegan, Charles A.] NSSTC, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[van der Horst, Alexander J.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
RP Guiriec, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, NSSTC, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM sylvain.guiriec@nasa.gov
RI McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016;
OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Preece,
Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577
FU German Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi) via the
Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) [50 QV 0301, 50 OG
0502]; NASA [NNX08AL40G]; Irish Research Council for Science,
Engineering and Technology; Marie Curie Actions; Swedish National Space
Board
FX The GBM project is supported by the German Bundesministerium fur
Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi) via the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-
und Raumfahrt (DLR) under the contract numbers 50 QV 0301 and 50 OG
0502. A. J. v. d. H. was supported by an appointment to the NASA
Postdoctoral Program at the MSFC, administered by Oak Ridge Associated
Universities through a contract with NASA. S. F. acknowledges the
support of the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and
Technology, cofunded by Marie Curie Actions under FP7. P. M.
acknowledges the support of NASA NNX08AL40G. F. R. acknowledges the
support of the Swedish National Space Board.
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 706DB
UT WOS:000286196200006
ER
PT J
AU Wilson-Hodge, CA
Cherry, ML
Case, GL
Baumgartner, WH
Beklen, E
Bhat, PN
Briggs, MS
Camero-Arranz, A
Chaplin, V
Connaughton, V
Finger, MH
Gehrels, N
Greiner, J
Jahoda, K
Jenke, P
Kippen, RM
Kouveliotou, C
Krimm, HA
Kuulkers, E
Lund, N
Meegan, CA
Natalucci, L
Paciesas, WS
Preece, R
Rodi, JC
Shaposhnikov, N
Skinner, GK
Swartz, D
von Kienlin, A
Diehl, R
Zhang, XL
AF Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A.
Cherry, Michael L.
Case, Gary L.
Baumgartner, Wayne H.
Beklen, Elif
Bhat, P. Narayana
Briggs, Michael S.
Camero-Arranz, Ascension
Chaplin, Vandiver
Connaughton, Valerie
Finger, Mark H.
Gehrels, Neil
Greiner, Jochen
Jahoda, Keith
Jenke, Peter
Kippen, R. Marc
Kouveliotou, Chryssa
Krimm, Hans A.
Kuulkers, Erik
Lund, Niels
Meegan, Charles A.
Natalucci, Lorenzo
Paciesas, William S.
Preece, Robert
Rodi, James C.
Shaposhnikov, Nikolai
Skinner, Gerald K.
Swartz, Doug
von Kienlin, Andreas
Diehl, Roland
Zhang, Xiao-Ling
TI WHEN A STANDARD CANDLE FLICKERS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE pulsars: individual (Crab Pulsar); X-rays: individual (Crab Nebula)
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; CRAB-NEBULA; BURST MONITOR; SYNCHROTRON NEBULA;
TIMING-EXPLORER; PULSAR; TELESCOPE; CALIBRATION; WISPS; VARIABILITY
AB The Crab Nebula is the only hard X-ray source in the sky that is both bright enough and steady enough to be easily used as a standard candle. As a result, it has been used as a normalization standard by most X-ray/gamma-ray telescopes. Although small-scale variations in the nebula are well known, since the start of science operations of the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) in 2008 August, a similar to 7% (70 mCrab) decline has been observed in the overall Crab Nebula flux in the 15-50 keV band, measured with the Earth occultation technique. This decline is independently confirmed in the similar to 15-50 keV band with three other instruments: the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift/BAT), the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array (RXTE/PCA), and the Imager on-Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS). A similar decline is also observed in the similar to 3-15 keV data from the RXTE/PCA and in the 50-100 keV band with GBM, Swift/BAT, and INTEGRAL/IBIS. The pulsed flux measured with RXTE/PCA since 1999 is consistent with the pulsar spin-down, indicating that the observed changes are nebular. Correlated variations in the Crab Nebula flux on a similar to 3 year timescale are also seen independently with the PCA, BAT, and IBIS from 2005 to 2008, with a flux minimum in 2007 April. As of 2010 August, the current flux has declined below the 2007 minimum.
C1 [Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A.; Jenke, Peter; Kouveliotou, Chryssa] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, VP Space Sci Off 62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Cherry, Michael L.; Case, Gary L.; Rodi, James C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Baumgartner, Wayne H.; Krimm, Hans A.; Shaposhnikov, Nikolai; Skinner, Gerald K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Beklen, Elif] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
[Beklen, Elif] Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Phys, TR-32260 Isparta, Turkey.
[Bhat, P. Narayana; Briggs, Michael S.; Chaplin, Vandiver; Connaughton, Valerie; Paciesas, William S.; Preece, Robert] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Camero-Arranz, Ascension] Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Finger, Mark H.; Meegan, Charles A.; Swartz, Doug] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Greiner, Jochen; von Kienlin, Andreas; Diehl, Roland; Zhang, Xiao-Ling] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Kippen, R. Marc] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krimm, Hans A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
[Kuulkers, Erik] ESAC, ESA, ISOC, Villanueva De La Canada 28691, Madrid, Spain.
[Lund, Niels] Tech Univ Denmark, Danish Natl Space Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Natalucci, Lorenzo] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Shaposhnikov, Nikolai; Skinner, Gerald K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Wilson-Hodge, CA (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, VP Space Sci Off 62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM colleen.wilson@nasa.gov
RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Jahoda, Keith/D-5616-2012;
OI Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335
FU NASA [NNX07AT62A]; Louisiana Board of Regents Graduate Fellowship
Program; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [2008-0116]; ESA
FX This work is supported by the NASA Fermi Guest Investigator program,
NASA/Louisiana Board of Regents Cooperative Agreement NNX07AT62A (LSU),
the Louisiana Board of Regents Graduate Fellowship Program (J.C.R.), and
the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through the 2008
postdoctoral program MICINN/Fulbright under grant 2008-0116 (A.C.-A.).
This research has made use of data obtained through the High Energy
Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center Online Service, provided by
the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center; public Swift/BAT results made
available by the Swift/BAT team; and observations with INTEGRAL, an ESA
project funded by ESA member states (especially the PI countries:
Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Spain) and Poland, and
with the participation of Russia and the USA.
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SN 2041-8205
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JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 727
IS 2
AR L40
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/727/2/L40
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 706DB
UT WOS:000286196200013
ER
PT J
AU Bahadur, R
Feng, Y
Russell, LM
Ramanathan, V
AF Bahadur, Ranjit
Feng, Yan
Russell, Lynn M.
Ramanathan, V.
TI Impact of California's air pollution laws on black carbon and their
implications for direct radiative forcing
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Black carbon; Radiative forcing; Diesel emission control
ID ELEMENTAL CARBON; AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERE; EMISSION; IMPROVE
AB We examine the temporal and the spatial trends in the concentrations of black carbon (BC) - recorded by the IMPROVE monitoring network for the past 20 years - in California. Annual average BC concentrations in California have decreased by about 50% from 0.46 mu g m(-3) in 1989 to 0.24 mu gm(-3) in 2008 compared to the corresponding reductions in diesel BC emissions (also about 50%) from a peak of 0.013 Tg Yr(-1) in 1990 to 0.006 Tg Yr(-1) by 2008. We attribute the observed negative trends to the reduction in vehicular emissions due to stringent statewide regulations. Our conclusion that the reduction in diesel emissions is a primary cause of the observed BC reduction is also substantiated by a significant decrease in the ratio of BC to non-BC aerosols. The absorption efficiency of aerosols at visible wavelengths - determined from the observed scattering coefficient and the observed BC - also decreased by about 50% leading to a model-inferred negative direct radiative forcing (a cooling effect) of -1.4 W m(-2) (+/- 60%) over California. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bahadur, Ranjit; Feng, Yan; Russell, Lynn M.; Ramanathan, V.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Feng, Yan] Argonne Natl Labs, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bahadur, R (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rbahadur@ucsd.edu
FU California Air Resources Board (CARB) [08-323]
FX This work was supported by the California Air Resources Board (CARB),
under contract 08-323. The statements and conclusions in this paper are
those of the researchers (contractor) and not necessarily those of CARB.
The mention of commercial products, their source, or their use in
connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as
actual or implied endorsement of such products.
NR 38
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U1 0
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1162
EP 1167
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.054
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 725BF
UT WOS:000287619500012
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, SY
Lin, HK
Lu, B
Williams, A
Datar, R
Cote, RJ
Tai, YC
AF Zheng, Siyang
Lin, Henry K.
Lu, Bo
Williams, Anthony
Datar, Ram
Cote, Richard J.
Tai, Yu-Chong
TI 3D microfilter device for viable circulating tumor cell (CTC) enrichment
from blood
SO BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Circulating tumor cell; Microfilter; Parylene
ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD;
STEM-CELLS; SURVIVAL; THERAPY; SIZE; ENUMERATION; PROGRESSION;
TECHNOLOGY
AB Detection of circulating tumor cells has emerged as a promising minimally invasive diagnostic and prognostic tool for patients with metastatic cancers. We report a novel three dimensional microfilter device that can enrich viable circulating tumor cells from blood. This device consists of two layers of parylene membrane with pores and gap precisely defined with photolithography. The positions of the pores are shifted between the top and bottom membranes. The bottom membrane supports captured cells and minimize the stress concentration on cell membrane and sustain cell viability during filtration. Viable cell capture on device was investigated with scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and immunofluorescent staining using model systems of cultured tumor cells spiked in blood or saline. The paper presents and validates this new 3D microfiltration concept for circulation tumor cell enrichment application. The device provides a highly valuable tool for assessing and characterizing viable enriched circulating tumor cells in both research and clinical settings.
C1 [Zheng, Siyang] Penn State Univ, Dept Bioengn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Lin, Henry K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lu, Bo; Tai, Yu-Chong] CALTECH, Dept Elect Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Williams, Anthony; Datar, Ram; Cote, Richard J.] Univ Miami, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
RP Zheng, SY (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Bioengn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM siyang@psu.edu
FU NIH [1R21 CA123027-01]
FX The funding of the project was provided by NIH 1R21 CA123027-01. The
authors would like to thank for all the members at Caltech
micromachining group and Dr. Cote's pathology group for their valuable
assistance. The authors greatly appreciate for the help from Dr. Chris
Water at Caltech Biological Imaging Center on using confocal microscopy.
NR 56
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U1 13
U2 112
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-2176
J9 BIOMED MICRODEVICES
JI Biomed. Microdevices
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 1
BP 203
EP 213
DI 10.1007/s10544-010-9485-3
PG 11
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 711YC
UT WOS:000286627000021
PM 20978853
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, YM
Malten, M
Torry-Smith, M
McMillan, JD
Stickel, JJ
AF Zhu, Yongming
Malten, Marco
Torry-Smith, Mads
McMillan, James D.
Stickel, Jonathan J.
TI Calculating sugar yields in high solids hydrolysis of biomass
SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE High solids; Cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis; Sugar yield; Biomass
ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CORN STOVER
AB Calculation of true sugar yields in high solids enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass is challenging due to the varying liquid density and liquid volume resulting from solid solubilization. Ignoring these changes in yield calculations can lead to significant errors. In this paper, a mathematical method was developed for the estimation of liquid volume change and thereafter the sugar yield. The information needed in the calculations include the compositions of the substrate, initial solids loading, initial liquid density, and sugar concentrations before and after hydrolysis. All of these variables are measurable with conventional laboratory procedures. This method was validated experimentally for enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid pretreated corn stover at solid loadings up to 23% (w/w). The maximum relative error of predicted glucose yield from the true value was less than 4%. Compared to other methods reported in the literature, this method is relatively easy to use and provides good accuracy. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Yongming; Torry-Smith, Mads] Novozymes N Amer, Franklinton, NC 27587 USA.
[Malten, Marco] Novozymes China, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
[McMillan, James D.; Stickel, Jonathan J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), Novozymes N Amer, Franklinton, NC 27587 USA.
EM yggz@novozymes.com
NR 12
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Z9 25
U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0960-8524
J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL
JI Bioresour. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 102
IS 3
BP 2897
EP 2903
DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.134
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 715RX
UT WOS:000286904500106
PM 21109427
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZW
Hamilton-Brehm, SD
Lochner, A
Elkins, JG
Morrell-Falvey, JL
AF Wang, Zhi-Wu
Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D.
Lochner, Adriane
Elkins, James G.
Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.
TI Mathematical modeling of hydrolysate diffusion and utilization in
cellulolytic biofilms of the extreme thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor
obsidiansis
SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermophile; Biofilm; Cellulose; Diffusion; Biofuel
ID BACTERIA; SUCCINOGENES; FERMENTATION
AB In this study, a hydrolysate diffusion and utilization model was developed to examine factors influencing cellulolytic biofilm morphology. Model simulations using Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis revealed that the cellulolytic biofilm needs to generate more hydrolysate than it consumes to establish a higher than bulk solution intra-biofilm substrate concentration to support its growth. This produces a hydrolysate surplus that diffuses through the thin biofilm structure into the bulk solution, which gives rise to a uniform growth rate and hence the homogeneous morphology of the cellulolytic biofilm. Model predictions were tested against experimental data from a cellulose-fermenting bioreactor and the results were consistent with the model prediction and indicated that only a small fraction (10-12%) of the soluble hydrolysis products are utilized by the biofilm. The factors determining the rate-limiting step of cellulolytic biofilm growth are also analyzed and discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Zhi-Wu; Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D.; Lochner, Adriane; Elkins, James G.; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Elkins, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM elkinsjg@ornl.gov; morrelljl1@ornl.gov
RI Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011; Wang, Zhi-Wu/B-5552-2009; Elkins,
James/A-6199-2011
OI Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528; Elkins,
James/0000-0002-8052-5688
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of
Science; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was supported by the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), which is
a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the
Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of
Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC,
for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 30
TC 7
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U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0960-8524
J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL
JI Bioresour. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 102
IS 3
BP 3155
EP 3162
DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.104
PG 8
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 715RX
UT WOS:000286904500142
PM 21075617
ER
PT J
AU Sivaswamy, V
Boyanov, MI
Peyton, BM
Viamajala, S
Gerlach, R
Apel, WA
Sani, RK
Dohnalkova, A
Kemner, KM
Borch, T
AF Sivaswamy, Vaideeswaran
Boyanov, Maxim I.
Peyton, Brent M.
Viamajala, Sridhar
Gerlach, Robin
Apel, William A.
Sani, Rajesh K.
Dohnalkova, Alice
Kemner, Kenneth M.
Borch, Thomas
TI Multiple Mechanisms of Uranium Immobilization by Cellulomonas sp Strain
ES6
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE U(VI) reduction; Cellulomonas; U(VI)-phosphate; bioremediation; XAFS;
U(IV)-phosphate
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY;
SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; HEAVY-METALS; MYCOBACTERIUM-SMEGMATIS;
ACINETOBACTER-JOHNSONII; CONTAMINATED SUBSURFACE; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY;
BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES
AB Removal of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) from aqueous solution was studied using a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe, Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6, under anaerobic, non-growth conditions in bicarbonate and PIPES buffers. Inorganic phosphate was released by cells during the experiments providing ligands for formation of insoluble U(VI) phosphates. Phosphate release was most probably the result of anaerobic hydrolysis of intracellular polyphosphates accumulated by ES6 during aerobic growth. Microbial reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) was also observed. However, the relative magnitudes of U(VI) removal by abiotic (phosphate-based) precipitation and microbial reduction depended on the buffer chemistry. In bicarbonate buffer, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy showed that U in the solid phase was present primarily as a non-uraninite U(IV) phase, whereas in PIPES buffer, U precipitates consisted primarily of U(VI)-phosphate. In both bicarbonate and PIPES buffer, net release of cellular phosphate was measured to be lower than that observed in U-free controls suggesting simultaneous precipitation of U and PO(4)(3-). In PIPES, U(VI) phosphates formed a significant portion of U precipitates and mass balance estimates of U and P along with XAFS data corroborate this hypothesis. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of samples from PIPES treatments indeed showed both extracellular and intracellular accumulation of U solids with nanometer sized lath structures that contained U and P. In bicarbonate, however, more phosphate was removed than required to stoichiometrically balance the U(VI)/U(IV) fraction determined by XAFS, suggesting that U(IV) precipitated together with phosphate in this system. When anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), a known electron shuttle, was added to the experimental reactors, the dominant removal mechanism in both buffers was reduction to a non-uraninite U(IV) phase. Uranium immobilization by abiotic precipitation or microbial reduction has been extensively reported; however, the present work suggests that strain ES6 can remove U(VI) from solution simultaneously through precipitation with phosphate ligands and microbial reduction, depending on the environmental conditions. Cellulomonadaceae are environmentally relevant subsurface bacteria and here, for the first time, the presence of multiple U immobilization mechanisms within one organism is reported using Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 264-276. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Sivaswamy, Vaideeswaran; Peyton, Brent M.; Viamajala, Sridhar; Sani, Rajesh K.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Sivaswamy, Vaideeswaran; Peyton, Brent M.; Viamajala, Sridhar; Sani, Rajesh K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Sivaswamy, Vaideeswaran] NLC Nalco India Ltd, Res & Dev, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
[Boyanov, Maxim I.; Kemner, Kenneth M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Peyton, Brent M.; Gerlach, Robin] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Viamajala, Sridhar] Univ Toledo, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Apel, William A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Biol Syst Dept, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
[Sani, Rajesh K.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Rapid City, SD USA.
[Dohnalkova, Alice] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Borch, Thomas] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Viamajala, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM sridhar.viamajala@utoledo.edu
RI Gerlach, Robin/A-9474-2012; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Borch,
Thomas/A-2288-2008; Peyton, Brent/G-5247-2015
OI Borch, Thomas/0000-0002-4251-1613; Peyton, Brent/0000-0003-0033-0651
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-FG02-03ER63582]; DOE-NE
Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Inland Northwest Research
Alliance [WSU 005]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR 0847683];
U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science (DOE-SC), Office of
Biological and Environmental Research; National Science Foundation-Earth
Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy-Geosciences
[DE-FG02-94ER14466]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank Chris Davitt, Valerie Lynch of the Electron Microscopy Center,
Washington State University for TEM images. We also thank Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory-Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory for HR TEM analyses. Research was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Environmental Management
Science Program under Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER63582 and DOE-NE Idaho
Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Research was also
supported by the Inland Northwest Research Alliance under contract WSU
005 and a National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award (EAR 0847683 to
Thomas Borch). Funding for Ken Kemner and Maxim Boyanov was provided
under the Argonne Subsurface Science Focus Area grant by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Science (DOE-SC), Office of Biological
and Environmental Research, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program.
Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13),
Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory.
GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation-Earth
Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy-Geosciences
(DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 81
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U2 38
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0006-3592
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 108
IS 2
BP 264
EP 276
DI 10.1002/bit.22956
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 695SN
UT WOS:000285393000003
PM 20872821
ER
PT J
AU Sun, L
Simmons, BA
Singh, S
AF Sun, Lan
Simmons, Blake A.
Singh, Seema
TI Understanding Tissue Specific Compositions of Bioenergy Feedstocks
Through Hyperspectral Raman Imaging
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperspectral raman imaging; cell walls; lignin; cellulose; tissue and
cell type
ID IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT; PLANT-CELL WALLS; BLACK SPRUCE; BIOMASS
RECALCITRANCE; LIGNIN DISTRIBUTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PICEA-MARIANA;
DILUTE-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS; CELLULOSE
AB Hyperspectral Raman imaging was used to study the tissue/cell type specific distribution of lignin and cellulose polymers within the plant cell walls. Distinct differences in cell wall compositions were identified between two potential bioenergy feedstocks: corn stover and Eucalyptus globulus. Characteristic bands of 627, 1,175, 1,206, and 1,428 cm(-1) were only observed for corn stover and 1,381 cm(-1) was only present in E. globulus. One-dimensional and two-dimensional chemical maps of lignin and cellulose were generated for the stem of corn stover, ranging from the epidermis to the pith area and revealed that lignin and cellulose abundance varies significantly among different cell types in the following order: sclerenchyma cells and tracheids (similar to 5 times) > epidermal cells (similar to 3 times) > bundle sheath cells > parenchyma cells. The Raman mapping methods developed on corn stover were also validated on E. globulus and clearly highlighted their difference in lignin composition. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 286-295. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Sun, Lan; Simmons, Blake A.; Singh, Seema] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Phys Biosci Div, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Sun, Lan; Simmons, Blake A.; Singh, Seema] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Singh, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Phys Biosci Div, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
EM seesing@sandia.gov
RI Sun, Lan/C-7321-2012;
OI Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810
FU US. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory; US Department of Energy
FX The authors thank Dr. Umesh P. Agarwal and Dr. Notburga Gierlinger for
their suggestions, Dr. Purbasha Sarkar for her help on sample
preparation, and Dr. John Gladden, Dr. Huawen Wu, and Dr. Steven Singer
for reviewing this manuscript. This work was part of the DOE Joint
BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the US.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy.;
Contract grant sponsor: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US
Department of Energy
NR 51
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U1 3
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0006-3592
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 108
IS 2
BP 286
EP 295
DI 10.1002/bit.22931
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 695SN
UT WOS:000285393000005
PM 20824689
ER
PT J
AU Robrock, KR
Mohn, WW
Eltis, LD
Alvarez-Cohen, L
AF Robrock, Kristin R.
Mohn, William W.
Eltis, Lindsay D.
Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
TI Biphenyl and Ethylbenzene Dioxygenases of Rhodococcus jostii RHA1
Transform PBDEs
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE polybrominated diphenyl ethers; PBDEs; aerobic degradation; Rhodococcus
ID SP STRAIN RHA1; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION; GENES; WATER;
SEDIMENTS; PATHWAY; EGGS
AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of flame retardants that have been widely used in consumer products, but that are problematic because of their environmental persistence and endocrine-disrupting properties. To date, very little is known about PBDE degradation by aerobic microorganisms and the enzymes involved in PBDE transformation. Resting cells of the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading actinomycete, Rhodococcus jostii RHA1, depleted nine mono-through penta-BDEs in separate assays. Extensive depletion of PBDEs occurred with cells grown on biphenyl, ethylbenzene, propane, or styrene, whereas very limited depletion occurred with cells grown on pyruvate or benzoate. In RHA1, expression of bphAa encoding biphenyl dioxygenase (BPDO) and etbAa1 and etbAc encoding ethylbenzene dioxygenase (EBDO) was induced 30- to 3,000-fold during growth on the substrates that supported PBDE depletion. The BPDO and EBDO enzymes had gene expression profiles that matched the PBDE-depletion profiles exhibited by RHA1 grown on different substrates. Using the non-PBDE-degrading bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis as a host, two recombinant strains were developed by inserting the eth and bph genes of RHA1, respectively. The resultant EBDO extensively depleted mono-through penta-BDEs, while the BPDO depleted only mono-, di-, and one tetra-BDE. A dihydroxylated-BDE was detected as the primary metabolite of 4-bromodiphenyl ether in both recombinant strains. These results indicate that although both dioxygenases are capable of transforming PBDEs, EBDO more potently transforms the highly brominated congeners. The availability of substrates or inducing compounds can markedly affect total PBDE removal as well as patterns of removal of individual congeners. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 313-321. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Robrock, Kristin R.; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mohn, William W.; Eltis, Lindsay D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Inst Life Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Alvarez-Cohen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu
RI Eltis, Lindsay/J-8272-2015
OI Eltis, Lindsay/0000-0002-6774-8158
FU UC Center for Water Resources; NIEHS [ES04705-19]; Chang-Lin Tien
Scholarship for Biodiversity; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Masao Fukuda for kindly donating
R. erythropolis IAM1399 and the plasmids. We would also like to thank
Dr. Gregory J. Cost for assistance with chemical transformation and Dr.
Jorge Loyo Rosales for GC-MS assistance. Funding was provided by the UC
Center for Water Resources, the NIEHS Superfund Basic Research Program
ES04705-19, the Chang-Lin Tien Scholarship for Biodiversity, and Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery grants (to
L.D.E. and W.W.M.).
NR 28
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U1 7
U2 46
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0006-3592
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 108
IS 2
BP 313
EP 321
DI 10.1002/bit.22952
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 695SN
UT WOS:000285393000008
PM 20872819
ER
PT J
AU Liu, GP
Liu, MS
AF Liu, Guopeng
Liu, Mingsheng
TI A rapid calibration procedure and case study for simplified simulation
models of commonly used HVAC systems
SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; Building simulation; Models; HVAC
AB A rapid procedure for calibrating simplified building energy simulation models of commonly used HVAC systems has been developed. The procedure developed will allow building professionals to project annual cooling and heating energy consumption of buildings with multiple HVAC systems from short-term field measurement data. This paper describes the general calibration procedure developed, and demonstrates the use of the calibration procedure by applying it to an office building. The calibration methodology requires as little as two weeks of measured hourly heating and cooling consumption data. In the example presented, the simulation model was calibrated using only two weeks of measured heating and cooling data. After calibrating the simulation using this procedure, the RMSE is reduced significantly. The simulation calibrated to two weeks of measured data is then used to simulate the hourly consumption of the building for the year 2004. Comparison of the results of this simulation with the measured data gave monthly CV(RMSE) values of 10.3% and 3.7% for cooling and heating, respectively, which are both well below the 15% values considered acceptable in ASHRAE Guideline 14 [1]. It also shows monthly NMBE values of 2.2% and 1.4% for cooling and heating respectively. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Guopeng] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Liu, Mingsheng] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
RP Liu, GP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K5-16, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM guopeng.liu@pnl.gov; mliu2@unl.edu
NR 21
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U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-1323
J9 BUILD ENVIRON
JI Build. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 2
BP 409
EP 420
DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.08.002
PG 12
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 681VH
UT WOS:000284348400014
ER
PT J
AU Sreedharan, P
Sohn, MD
Nazaroff, WW
Gadgil, AJ
AF Sreedharan, Priya
Sohn, Michael D.
Nazaroff, William W.
Gadgil, Ashok J.
TI Towards improved characterization of high-risk releases using
heterogeneous indoor sensor systems
SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian analysis; Contaminant detection; Environmental systems;
Parameter estimation; Sensor fusion
ID CONTAMINANT RELEASES; IDENTIFICATION; UNCERTAINTY; VALIDATION
AB The sudden release of toxic contaminants that reach indoor spaces can be hazardous to building occupants. For an acutely toxic contaminant, the speed of the emergency response strongly influences the consequences to occupants. The design of a real-time sensor system is made challenging both by the urgency and complex nature of the event, and by the imperfect sensors and models available to describe it. In this research, we use Bayesian modeling to combine information from multiple types of sensors to improve the characterization of a release. We discuss conceptual and algorithmic considerations for selecting and fusing information from disparate sensors. To explore system performance, we use both real tracer gas data from experiments in a three-story building, along with synthetic data, including information from door-position sensors. The added information from door-position sensors is found to be useful for many scenarios, but not always. We discuss the physical conditions and design factors that affect these results, such as the influence of the door positions on contaminant transport. We highlight potential benefits of multisensor data fusion, challenges in realizing those benefits, and opportunities for further improvement. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sreedharan, Priya; Sohn, Michael D.; Nazaroff, William W.; Gadgil, Ashok J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sreedharan, Priya] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nazaroff, William W.; Gadgil, Ashok J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sohn, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM MDSohn@lbl.gov
RI Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008;
OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357; Gadgil, Ashok/0000-0002-0357-9455
FU Office of Chemical Biological Countermeasures of the Science and
Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security; Defense
Threat Reduction Agency; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Chemical Biological
Countermeasures of the Science and Technology Directorate of the
Department of Homeland Security and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency,
and was performed under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No.
DE-AC03-76SF00098. We thank Richard Sextro, Darryl Dickerhoff, Helmut
Feustel and Corina Jump for collecting the Dugway data and generating
the original COMIS model. We also thank David Lorenzetti and Ozgur
Bozkurt for providing useful review comments on a draft manuscript. The
paper was completed while P. Sreedharan was an AAAS Science and
Technology Policy Fellow on assignment to the US Environmental
Protection Agency.
NR 15
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U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-1323
J9 BUILD ENVIRON
JI Build. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 2
BP 438
EP 447
DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.08.006
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 681VH
UT WOS:000284348400017
ER
PT J
AU McFarquhar, GM
Ghan, S
Verlinde, J
Korolev, A
Strapp, JW
Schmid, B
Tomlinson, JM
Wolde, M
Brooks, SD
Cziczo, D
Dubey, MK
Fan, JW
Flynn, C
Gultepe, I
Hubbe, J
Gilles, MK
Laskin, A
Lawson, P
Leaitch, WR
Liu, P
Liu, XH
Lubin, D
Mazzoleni, C
Macdonald, AM
Moffet, RC
Morrison, H
Ovchinnikov, M
Shupe, MD
Turner, DD
Xie, SC
Zelenyuk, A
Bae, K
Freer, M
Glen, A
AF McFarquhar, Greg M.
Ghan, Steven
Verlinde, Johannes
Korolev, Alexei
Strapp, J. Walter
Schmid, Beat
Tomlinson, Jason M.
Wolde, Mengistu
Brooks, Sarah D.
Cziczo, Dan
Dubey, Manvendra K.
Fan, Jiwen
Flynn, Connor
Gultepe, Ismail
Hubbe, John
Gilles, Mary K.
Laskin, Alexander
Lawson, Paul
Leaitch, W. Richard
Liu, Peter
Liu, Xiaohong
Lubin, Dan
Mazzoleni, Claudio
Macdonald, Ann-Marie
Moffet, Ryan C.
Morrison, Hugh
Ovchinnikov, Mikhail
Shupe, Matthew D.
Turner, David D.
Xie, Shaocheng
Zelenyuk, Alla
Bae, Kenny
Freer, Matt
Glen, Andrew
TI INDIRECT AND SEMI-DIRECT AEROSOL CAMPAIGN The Impact of Arctic Aerosols
on Clouds
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS; BLACK CARBON; RESOLVING SIMULATIONS; MODEL
SIMULATIONS; ICE NUCLEI; FIRE ACE; PARTICLES; RADIATION; SHEBA; STRATUS
AB INDIRECT AND SEMI-DIRECT AEROSOL CAMPAIGN (ISDAC): THE IMPACT OF ARCTIC AEROSOLS ON CLOUDS
A comprehensive dataset of microphysical and radiative properties of aerosols and clouds in the boundary layer in the vicinity of Barrow, Alaska, was collected in April 2008 during the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC). ISDAC's primary aim was to examine the effects of aerosols, including those generated by Asian wildfires, on clouds that contain both liquid and ice. ISDAC utilized the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Pro-gram's permanent observational facilities at Barrow and specially deployed instruments measuring aerosol, ice fog, precipitation, and radiation. The National Research Council of Canada Convair-580 flew 27 sorties and collected data using an unprecedented 41 state-of-the-art cloud and aerosol instruments for more than 100 h on 12 different days. Aerosol compositions, including fresh and processed sea salt, biomass-burning particles, organics, and sulfates mixed with organics, varied between flights. Observations in a dense arctic haze on 19 April and above, within, and below the single-layer stratocumulus on 8 and 26 April are enabling a process-oriented understanding of how aerosols affect arctic clouds. Inhomogeneities in reflectivity, a close coupling of upward and downward Doppler motion, and a nearly constant ice profile in the single-layer stratocumulus suggests that vertical mixing is responsible for its longevity. observed during ISDAC. Data acquired in cirrus on flights between Barrow and Fairbanks, Alaska, are improving the understanding of the performance of cloud probes in ice. Ultimately, ISDAC data will improve the representation of cloud and aerosol processes in models covering a variety of spatial and temporal scales, and determine the extent to which surface measurements can provide retrievals of aerosols, clouds, precipitation, and radiative heating.
C1 [McFarquhar, Greg M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Ghan, Steven; Tomlinson, Jason M.; Cziczo, Dan; Fan, Jiwen; Flynn, Connor; Hubbe, John; Laskin, Alexander; Liu, Xiaohong; Ovchinnikov, Mikhail; Zelenyuk, Alla] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Verlinde, Johannes] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Korolev, Alexei; Strapp, J. Walter; Gultepe, Ismail; Leaitch, W. Richard; Liu, Peter; Macdonald, Ann-Marie] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Downsview, ON, Canada.
[Wolde, Mengistu; Brooks, Sarah D.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Dubey, Manvendra K.; Mazzoleni, Claudio] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Gilles, Mary K.; Moffet, Ryan C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lawson, Paul] Stratton Pk Engn Co, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lubin, Dan] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Morrison, Hugh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Turner, David D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Xie, Shaocheng] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Glen, Andrew] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
RP McFarquhar, GM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM mcfarq@atmos.uiuc.edu
RI Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Tomlinson, Jason/C-6566-2009; Mazzoleni,
Claudio/E-5615-2011; Fan, Jiwen/E-9138-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011;
Xie, Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012; Liu,
Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011;
OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699;
Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145; Laskin,
Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417; Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Shupe,
Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982; McFarquhar, Greg/0000-0003-0950-0135
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE; National Research Council of
Canada; Environment Canada; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological
and Environmental Research Environmental Science Division; ARM
[DE-FG02-02ER63337, DE-FG02-07ER64378, DE-FG02-06ER64167,
DE-FG02-09ER64770]; DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC06-76RLO1830]
FX ISDAC was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility, the DOE
Atmospheric Sciences Program, the National Research Council of Canada,
and Environment Canada. We are indebted to the many scientists and staff
who participated in ISDAC, without whose efforts this work would have
been possible. Mohammed Wasey and Rob Reed. provided technical support
for the instrumentation on the NRC Convair-580. The assistance of Robert
Jackson in preparing the manuscript was appreciated. Data were obtained
from the ARM program archive, sponsored by DOE, Office of Science,
Office of Biological and Environmental Research Environmental Science
Division. This work was sponsored by Grants DE-FG02-02ER63337,
DE-FG02-07ER64378, DE-FG02-06ER64167, and DE-FG02-09ER64770 as part of
ARM. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by
Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO1830. LANL
acknowledges ongoing support from ASR for PASS-3 capability and the
OBER-RCI project for analysis of data.
NR 76
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PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 92
IS 2
BP 183
EP 201
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2935.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 743LT
UT WOS:000289020500011
ER
PT J
AU Tsetseris, L
Pantelides, ST
AF Tsetseris, L.
Pantelides, S. T.
TI Defect formation and hysteretic inter-tube displacement in multi-wall
carbon nanotubes
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID OSCILLATORS; ADSORPTION; COMPLEXES; MIGRATION; GRAPHITE; GRAPHENE;
BEARING
AB Using first-principles calculations on multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) we probe defect-related processes that bear on key properties. We find that self-interstitial (SI) ingression leads to bridges between the inner-most walls, minimizing carrier scattering in the outer-shells, but also possibly stabilizing radiation damage through vacancy-SI separation. The SI bridges amplify the corrugation, energy dissipation, and hysteresis under inter-wall displacement. They can thus be detrimental to MWCNT-based oscillators or actuators, or be exploited as nano-locks and heat nano-pumps. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tsetseris, L.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
[Tsetseris, L.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Tsetseris, L (reprint author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
EM leont@mail.ntua.gr
FU Vanderbilt University; DOE [DEFG0203ER46096, HDTRA 1-10-1-0016]
FX The work was supported by the McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University
and Grants DOE DEFG0203ER46096 and HDTRA 1-10-1-0016. The calculations
were performed at ORNL's Center for Computational Sciences.
NR 36
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 2
BP 581
EP 586
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.09.061
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 699KQ
UT WOS:000285662700027
ER
PT J
AU Li, SZ
Tian, YM
Zhong, YJ
Yan, X
Song, Y
Guo, QG
Shi, JL
Liu, L
AF Li, Sizhong
Tian, Yongming
Zhong, Yajuan
Yan, Xi
Song, Yan
Guo, Quangui
Shi, Jingli
Liu, Lang
TI Formation mechanism of carbon foams derived from mesophase pitch
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID BUBBLE-GROWTH; RAMAN; CARBONIZATION; GRAPHITE; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR;
DRAINAGE
AB Carbon foams were prepared from mesophase pitch using foaming, carbonization and graphitization processes. The physical and chemical properties of the mesophase pitch during thermal treatment were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, mass spectroscopy, rheometry and scanning electron microscopy. The results suggest that gases released from the pitch dissolve, saturate, nucleate and grow in the molten pitch during foaming. Then the resultant bubbles coalesced with the neighboring bubbles driven by the surface tension of the molten pitch. This coalescence generates a shear stress to force aromatic planes of the pitch to arrange regularly and paralleled to the axis of a ligament. The growth of bubbles stopped when the pitch became semi-coke at a temperature above 733 K. The viscosity and surface tension of the molten pitch are major factors that influence the growth of bubbles. After carbonization at 1073 K and graphitization at 2873 K, the well aligned aromatic planes in the foams evolve into highly aligned graphitic structures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Sizhong; Zhong, Yajuan; Yan, Xi; Song, Yan; Guo, Quangui; Shi, Jingli; Liu, Lang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, Key Lab Carbon Mat, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
[Li, Sizhong] Huaqiao Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Xiamen 362021, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Yongming] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Song, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, Key Lab Carbon Mat, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
EM yansong1026@126.com; qgguo@21cn.com
RI Tian, Yongming/B-9720-2009
NR 35
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U1 2
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 2
BP 618
EP 624
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.007
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 699KQ
UT WOS:000285662700032
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, V
Xie, H
Meyer, HM
Overbury, SH
Liang, CD
AF Schwartz, Viviane
Xie, Hong
Meyer, Harry M., III
Overbury, Steven H.
Liang, Chengdu
TI Oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane on phosphorous-modified graphitic
mesoporous carbon
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVATED CARBONS; CATALYSTS; ETHYLBENZENE; INHIBITION; SELECTIVITY;
NANOTUBES; CHEMISTRY; STYRENE; OXYGEN
AB Graphitic mesoporous carbon was modified with phosphorous heteroatoms in order to tune the catalytic selectivity and to investigate the roles of different oxygen species for the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of isobutane to isobutene. Small changes in the isobutane apparent activation energy are consistent with the notion that the phosphorous groups do not change the nature of the active sites but they interfere with the availability of the sites. Our results show that the improvement on selectivity is not proportional to the amount of phosphorous added. Small phosphorous content improved the selectivity by suppressing the combustion of isobutane. However, a higher amount of phosphorous groups lead to coverage of selective quinone sites and/or creation of active sites favorable to total oxidation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schwartz, Viviane; Xie, Hong; Overbury, Steven H.; Liang, Chengdu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Meyer, Harry M., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Overbury, Steven H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Schwartz, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, POB 2008,MS-6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM schwartzv@ornl.gov
RI Liang, Chengdu/G-5685-2013; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016
OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); ORNL
FX This research was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy. The research was supported in part by an
appointment to the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates Program
administered jointly by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
(ORISE) and ORNL.
NR 31
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U1 5
U2 47
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 2
BP 659
EP 668
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.015
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 699KQ
UT WOS:000285662700037
ER
PT J
AU Mahalatkar, K
Kuhlman, J
Huckaby, ED
O'Brien, T
AF Mahalatkar, Kartikeya
Kuhlman, John
Huckaby, E. David
O'Brien, Thomas
TI Computational fluid dynamic simulations of chemical looping fuel
reactors utilizing gaseous fuels
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Computational fluid dynamics; Reactive multi-phase flows; Fluidized bed;
Chemical looping combustion; Chemical reactor; Granular flows
ID OXYGEN CARRIER; COMBUSTION PROCESS; BUBBLE PROPERTIES; BED; SEPARATION;
METHANE; MODELS; SYSTEM; FE2O3
AB A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model for the fuel reactor of chemical looping combustion technology has been developed, with special focus on accurately representing the heterogeneous chemical reactions. A continuum two-fluid model was used to describe both the gas and solid phases. Detailed sub-models to account for fluid-particle and particle-particle interaction forces were also incorporated. Two experimental cases were analyzed in this study (Son and Kim, 2006; Mattison et al., 2001). Simulations were carried out to test the capability of the CFD model to capture changes in outlet gas concentrations with changes in number of parameters such as superficial velocity, metal oxide concentration, reactor temperature, etc. For the experiments of Mattisson et al.(2001), detailed time varying outlet concentration values were compared, and it was found that CFD simulations provided a reasonable match with this data. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kuhlman, John; Huckaby, E. David; O'Brien, Thomas] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Mahalatkar, Kartikeya; Kuhlman, John] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Mahalatkar, Kartikeya] ANSYS Inc, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Mahalatkar, K (reprint author), Lightsail Energy, 815 Alice St, Oakland, CA 94607 USA.
EM kar982@gmail.com
NR 27
TC 31
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U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0009-2509
J9 CHEM ENG SCI
JI Chem. Eng. Sci.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 66
IS 3
BP 469
EP 479
DI 10.1016/j.ces.2010.11.003
PG 11
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 700XE
UT WOS:000285777400025
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, J
Tao, J
Li, WY
Grant, J
Wang, P
Zhu, YM
Xia, YN
AF Zeng, Jie
Tao, Jing
Li, Weiyang
Grant, Jennifer
Wang, Phyllis
Zhu, Yimei
Xia, Younan
TI A Mechanistic Study on the Formation of Silver Nanoplates in the
Presence of Silver Seeds and Citric Acid or Citrate Ions
SO CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE citrate; coordination; kinetic control; nanoplates; silver
ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL NANOPARTICLES;
POLY(VINYL PYRROLIDONE); TRIANGULAR NANOPRISMS; RAMAN-SCATTERING;
GROWTH; SHAPE; NANOCRYSTALS; GOLD
C1 [Zeng, Jie; Li, Weiyang; Xia, Younan] Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Tao, Jing; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Grant, Jennifer; Wang, Phyllis] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Xia, YN (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM xia@biomed.wustl.edu
RI Zeng, Jie/H-1327-2011; Li, weiyang/D-4771-2012; Xia, Younan/E-8499-2011
OI Zeng, Jie/0000-0002-8812-0298;
FU NSF [DMR-0804088, ECS-0335765]; Washington University in St. Louis;
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R32-20031]; U.S. DOE/BES
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported in part by a research grant from the NSF
(DMR-0804088) and start-up funds from Washington University in St.
Louis. Y.X. was also partially supported by the World Class University
(WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded
by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R32-20031). Part
of the research was performed at the Nano Research Facility (NRF), a
member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN),
which is funded by the NSF under award no. ECS-0335765. Work at BNL was
supported by the U.S. DOE/BES under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 44
TC 48
Z9 52
U1 4
U2 98
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1861-4728
J9 CHEM-ASIAN J
JI Chem.-Asian J.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 2
BP 376
EP 379
DI 10.1002/asia.201000728
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 709LX
UT WOS:000286440600014
PM 21254414
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Q
Wu, J
Wang, MR
Pan, N
Guo, ZY
AF Chen Qun
Wu Jing
Wang MoRan
Pan Ning
Guo ZengYuan
TI A comparison of optimization theories for energy conservation in heat
exchanger groups
SO CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE heat exchangers; optimization criterion; entransy dissipation
maximization; entropy generation minimization
ID ENTRANSY DISSIPATION MINIMIZATION; 2ND LAW ANALYSIS; ENTROPY GENERATION;
TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT; TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY; FORCED-CONVECTION; PRINCIPLE;
NUMBER; EXTREMUM; DUCTS
AB In general, thermal processes can be classified into two categories: heat-work conversion processes and heat transfer processes. Correspondingly, the optimization of thermal processes has to have two different criteria: the well known entropy generation minimization method and the recently proposed entransy dissipation maximization method. This study analyzes the thermal issues in a heat exchanger group, and optimizes the unit arrangements under different constraints based on a suitable optimization criterion. The result indicates that the principle of minimum entropy generation rate is valid for optimizing heat exchangers in a thermodynamic cycle with given boundary temperatures. In contrast, the entransy dissipation maximization is more suitable in heat exchanger optimizations involving only heat transfer processes. Furthermore, the entropy generation rate induced by dumping used streams into ambient surroundings has to be taken into account, except for that originating from the hot and cold-ends of heat exchangers, when using the entropy generation minimization to optimize heat exchangers undergoing a thermodynamic cycle.
C1 [Chen Qun; Guo ZengYuan] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Minist Educ, Key Lab Thermal Sci & Power Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Chen Qun; Pan Ning] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Wu Jing] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Energy & Power Engn, Nanjing 210016, Peoples R China.
[Wang MoRan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Minist Educ, Key Lab Thermal Sci & Power Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM chenqun@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Wang, Moran/A-1150-2010; Pan, Ning/B-1315-2008
OI Pan, Ning/0000-0002-8772-2596
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51006060]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2009-02080]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51006060) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2009-02080).
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U1 0
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PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-6538
EI 1861-9541
J9 CHINESE SCI BULL
JI Chin. Sci. Bull.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 4-5
BP 449
EP 454
DI 10.1007/s11434-010-4297-7
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 728DA
UT WOS:000287853100015
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Long, CN
Mather, JH
Liu, XD
AF Wang, Yi
Long, Charles N.
Mather, James H.
Liu, Xiaodong
TI Convective signals from surface measurements at ARM Tropical Western
Pacific site: Manus
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Madden-Julian Oscillation; Diurnal cycle; Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement; Cloud radiative forcing; Wavelet and cross wavelet
analyses; Fourier power spectra; Tropical Western Pacific
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; 1997-98 EL-NINO;
DIURNAL CYCLE; CUMULUS CONVECTION; CLIMATE MODELS; TOGA COARE;
PRECIPITATION; ENSO; MIDHOLOCENE
AB Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) signals have been detected using highly sampled observations from the U.S. DOE ARM Climate Research Facility located at the Tropical Western Pacific Manus site. Using downwelling shortwave radiative fluxes and derived shortwave fractional sky cover, and the statistical tools of wavelet, cross wavelet, and Fourier spectrum power, we report finding major convective signals and their phase change from surface observations spanning from 1996 to 2006. Our findings are confirmed with the satellite-gauge combined values of precipitation from the NASA Global Precipitation Climatology Project and the NOAA interpolated outgoing longwave radiation for the same location. We find that the Manus MJO signal is weakest during the strongest 1997-1998 El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO) year. A significant 3-5-month lead in boreal winter is identified further between Manus MJO and NOAA NINO3.4 sea surface temperature (former leads latter). A striking inverse relationship is found also between the instantaneous synoptic and intraseasonal phenomena over Manus. To further study the interaction between intraseasonal and diurnal scale variability, we composite the diurnal cycle of cloudiness for 21-MJO events that have passed over Manus. Our diurnal composite analysis of shortwave and longwave fractional sky covers indicates that during the MJO peak (strong convection), the diurnal amplitude of cloudiness is reduced substantially, while the diurnal mean cloudiness reaches the highest value and there are no significant phase changes. We argue that the increasing diurnal mean and decreasing diurnal amplitude are caused by the systematic convective cloud formation that is associated with the wet phase of the MJO, while the diurnal phase is still regulated by the well-defined solar forcing. This confirms our previous finding of the anti-phase relationship between the synoptic and intraseasonal phenomena. The detection of the MJO over the Manus site provides further opportunities in using other ground-based remote sensing instruments to investigate the vertical distributions of clouds and radiative heatings of the MJO that currently is impossible from satellite observations.
C1 [Wang, Yi; Long, Charles N.; Mather, James H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Wang, Yi; Liu, Xiaodong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, SKLLQG, Xian 710075, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Dept Geog, Brighton BN1 9SJ, E Sussex, England.
EM yi.wang@sussex.ac.uk
RI Liu, Xiaodong/E-9512-2011; Wang, Yi/F-2689-2011
OI Liu, Xiaodong/0000-0003-0355-5610;
FU Climate Change Research Division of the U.S. Department of Energy; K. C.
Wong Education Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences; NSFC
[40825008]
FX This work has been supported primarily by the Climate Change Research
Division of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility. Dr. Y. Wang is
supported also by K. C. Wong Education Foundation of Chinese Academy of
Sciences. Dr. X. Liu is supported by the NSFC National Excellent Young
Scientists Fund (No. 40825008). The authors thank the NOAA Earth System
Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division for interpolated OLR and
the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Laboratory for Atmospheres for GPCP
precipitation datasets. The cross wavelet and coherence analyses are
conducted using a MatLab package (see Appendix 3). The NCAR command
language (NCL) is used to process data and plot other graphs (see
Appendix 3). During the course of our research, we greatly benefited
from discussions with Drs. M. Wheeler, C. Zhang, A. Grinsted, C.
Torrence, and B. Tian. We also gratefully acknowledge three reviewers
for their constructive comments that improved our study.
NR 54
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3-4
BP 431
EP 449
DI 10.1007/s00382-009-0736-z
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 716AL
UT WOS:000286937100003
ER
PT J
AU Livey, I
O'Rourke, M
Traweger, A
Savidis-Dacho, H
Crowe, BA
Barrett, PN
Yang, XH
Dunn, JJ
Luft, BJ
AF Livey, Ian
O'Rourke, Maria
Traweger, Andreas
Savidis-Dacho, Helga
Crowe, Brian A.
Barrett, P. Noel
Yang, Xiaohua
Dunn, John J.
Luft, Benjamin J.
TI A New Approach to a Lyme Disease Vaccine
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE PROTEIN-A; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; OSPA;
IDENTIFICATION; REACTIVITY; INFECTION; AFZELII; GARINII; EPITOPE
AB A single recombinant outer surface protein A (OspA) antigen designed to contain protective elements from 2 different OspA serotypes (1 and 2) is able to induce antibody responses that protect mice against infection with either Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (OspA serotype-1) or Borrelia afzelii (OspA serotype-2). Protection against infection with B burgdorferi ss strain ZS7 was demonstrated in a needle-challenge model. Protection against B. afzelii species was shown in a tick-challenge model using feral ticks. In both models, as little as .03 mu g of antigen, when administered in a 2-dose immunization schedule with aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant, was sufficient to provide complete protection against the species targeted. This proof of principle study proves that knowledge of protective epitopes can be used for the rational design of effective, genetically modified vaccines requiring fewer OspA antigens and suggests that this approach may facilitate the development of an OspA vaccine for global use.
C1 [Livey, Ian; O'Rourke, Maria; Traweger, Andreas; Savidis-Dacho, Helga; Crowe, Brian A.; Barrett, P. Noel] Baxter Innovat GmbH, Biomed Res Ctr, A-2304 Orth, Austria.
[Dunn, John J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Yang, Xiaohua; Luft, Benjamin J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Livey, I (reprint author), Baxter Innovat GmbH, Biomed Res Ctr, Uferstr 15, A-2304 Orth, Austria.
EM ian.livey@baxter.com
RI Traweger, Andreas/M-1460-2015;
OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004; Traweger,
Andreas/0000-0002-0220-4766
FU Baxter Laboratories, the Centers for Disease Control, Fort Collins, CO
FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Need
for a New Lyme Disease Vaccine," sponsored by Baxter Laboratories, the
Centers for Disease Control, Fort Collins, CO, and Stanley Plotkin.
NR 16
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 7
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 52
SU 3
BP S266
EP S270
DI 10.1093/cid/ciq118
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 706KG
UT WOS:000286216700004
PM 21217174
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CF
Xie, HY
Cheng, YP
Chen, L
Hu, MZ
Chen, S
AF Wang, Cai-Feng
Xie, He-Yi
Cheng, Yu-Peng
Chen, Li
Hu, Michael Z.
Chen, Su
TI Chemical synthesis and optical properties of CdS-poly(lactic acid)
nanocomposites and their transparent fluorescent films
SO COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CdS nanocrystal; Poly(lactic acid); Nanocomposites; Optical properties
ID SULFIDE QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; CDS NANOPARTICLES;
NANOCRYSTALS; POLYMERIZATION; FABRICATION; HYBRIDS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
COMPOSITES; MATRIX
AB This paper describes the first synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS)-poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites and their transparent fluorescent films by covalently grafting PLA onto the surfaces of CdS nanocrystals (NCs). Synthesis of the nanocomposites involved two steps. Lactic acid (LA)-capped CdS NCs were first prepared by reacting cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) with sodium sulfide (Na(2)S) using LA as the organic ligand in H(2)O/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. CdS-PLA nanocomposites were then formed by in situ ring-opening polymerization of lactide on the surface of modified CdS NCs. We also demonstrated herein the fabrication of the transparent fluorescent films of CdS-PLA nanocomposites by blending as-prepared nanocomposites with high-molecular-weight PLA. The as-prepared CdS NCs and their nanocomposites were studied by transmission electron microscopic imaging, thermogravimetric analyses, and spectroscopic measurements (ultraviolet-visible absorption and photoluminescence). The results revealed that the CdS-polymer nanocomposites exhibited good optical properties in terms of their photoluminescence and transparency.
C1 [Wang, Cai-Feng; Xie, He-Yi; Cheng, Yu-Peng; Chen, Li; Chen, Su] Nanjing Univ Technol, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Mat Oriented Chem Engn, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Michael Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Chen, S (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Technol, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Mat Oriented Chem Engn, 5 Xin Mofan Rd, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
EM chensu@njut.edu.cn
RI Chen, Li/A-6420-2012; Wang, Cai-Feng/I-2302-2012; Chen, Su/J-7343-2012;
OI Wang, Cai-Feng/0000-0003-4667-2120; Chen, Su/0000-0002-3799-469X; Hu,
Michael/0000-0001-8461-9684
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21076103, 21006046];
National Natural Science Foundation of China-NSAF [10976012]; Natural
Science Foundations for Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China
[07KJA53009, 09KJB530005, 10KJB530006]; Specialized Research Fund for
the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20093221120002];
EERE/Industrial Technology Program (ITP) Nanomanufacturing project; Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (21076103 and 21006046), National Natural Science Foundation of
China-NSAF (10976012), the Natural Science Foundations for Jiangsu
Higher Education Institutions of China (07KJA53009, 09KJB530005 and
10KJB530006), and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program
of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20093221120002). Dr. M. Hu's
contributions to this study were partially supported by the
EERE/Industrial Technology Program (ITP) Nanomanufacturing project and
by the LDRD program at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department
of Energy.
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0303-402X
J9 COLLOID POLYM SCI
JI Colloid Polym. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 289
IS 4
BP 395
EP 400
DI 10.1007/s00396-011-2377-0
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 723KZ
UT WOS:000287506700006
ER
PT J
AU Nellis, BA
Satcher, JH
Risbud, SH
AF Nellis, Barbara A.
Satcher, Joe H., Jr.
Risbud, Subhash H.
TI Phospholipid bilayer formation on hydroxyapatite sol-gel synthesized
films
SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lipid bilayer; Hydroxyapatite; Sol-gel; FRAP; AFM
ID SUPPORTED LIPID-BILAYERS; MEMBRANES; SILICA; SURFACE; CELLS
AB Lipid bilayers supported by porous biomaterials are being explored as models for cell membranes. Hydroxyapatite is a relevant material currently being used extensively for biomedical applications. In this study, hydroxyapatite films produced via a sol-gel chemistry route have been characterized and explored as a scaffolding material for lipid membranes. The hydroxyapatite has been characterized using XRD, SEM, and AFM, followed by vesicle-fusion of lipids characterized by fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to determine the diffusion coefficient of this system. The HA films produced in this work were found to produce slow lateral diffusion and, in the two-phase lipid systems, some domains were observed. The low lateral diffusion coefficients were believed to be a result of the large undulations present on the hydroxyapatite film surface. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nellis, Barbara A.; Risbud, Subhash H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Nellis, Barbara A.; Satcher, Joe H., Jr.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Risbud, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM shrisbud@ucdavis.edu
FU NSF-NIRT [CBET0506602]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We would like to thank Ms. Tien Tran for conducting the XRD analysis and
Dr. Tammy Olson for performing SEM experiments as well as our
collaborator Dr. Marjorie Longo. We acknowledge funding by the NSF-NIRT
Program (CBET0506602) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Lawrence Scholar Program. This work was performed under the auspices of
the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
in part under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-7765
J9 COLLOID SURFACE B
JI Colloid Surf. B-Biointerfaces
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
BP 647
EP 650
DI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.016
PG 4
WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 701XJ
UT WOS:000285858200056
PM 21055909
ER
PT J
AU Luo, H
Luo, LQ
Ali, A
Nourgaliev, R
Cai, CP
AF Luo, Hong
Luo, Luqing
Ali, Amjad
Nourgaliev, Robert
Cai, Chunpei
TI A Parallel, Reconstructed Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the
Compressible Flows on Arbitrary Grids
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Discontinuous Galerkin methods; least-squares reconstruction methods;
compressible Navier-Stokes equations
ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; UNSTRUCTURED MESHES;
CONSERVATION-LAWS; EULER EQUATIONS; SCHEMES; CONSTRUCTION; SYSTEMS;
VOLUME
AB A reconstruction-based discontinuous Galerkin method is presented for the solution of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on arbitrary grids. In this method, an in-cell reconstruction is used to obtain a higher-order polynomial representation of the underlying discontinuous Galerkin polynomial solution and an inter-cell reconstruction is used to obtain a continuous polynomial solution on the union of two neighboring, interface-sharing cells. The in-cell reconstruction is designed to enhance the accuracy of the discontinuous Galerkin method by increasing the order of the underlying polynomial solution. The inter-cell reconstruction is devised to remove an interface discontinuity of the solution and its derivatives and thus to provide a simple, accurate, consistent, and robust approximation to the viscous and heat fluxes in the Navier-Stokes equations. A parallel strategy is also devised for the resulting reconstruction discontinuous Galerkin method, which is based on domain partitioning and Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) parallel programming model. The RDG method is used to compute a variety of compressible flow problems on arbitrary meshes to demonstrate its accuracy, efficiency, robustness, and versatility. The numerical results demonstrate that this RDG method is third-order accurate at a cost slightly higher than its underlying second-order DG method, at the same time providing a better performance than the third order DG method, in terms of both computing costs and storage requirements.
C1 [Luo, Hong; Luo, Luqing; Ali, Amjad] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Nourgaliev, Robert] Idaho Natl Lab, Reactor Safety Simulat Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Cai, Chunpei] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA.
RP Luo, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM hong_luo@ncsu.edu; lluo2@ncsu.edu; aali3@ncsu.edu;
robert.nourgaliev@inl.gov; ccai@nmsu.edu
RI Luo, Hong/A-9133-2011
FU Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC [DE-AC07-05ID14517 (INL/CON-10-17571)];
U.S. Department of Energy; INL staff-faculty exchange program; NSF
[NSF-DMS0914706]
FX This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC under
contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 (INL/CON-10-17571) with the U.S.
Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the
published, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes. The first author would like to acknowledge the
partial support for this work provided by the INL staff-faculty exchange
program, while he was in residence at Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho
Falls, ID. The first and last authors would also like to acknowledge the
partial support for this work provided by the NSF under project No.
NSF-DMS0914706.
NR 38
TC 20
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 7
PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS
PI WANCHAI
PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000,
PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1815-2406
J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS
JI Commun. Comput. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 2
BP 363
EP 389
DI 10.4208/cicp.070210.020610a
PG 27
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 724DU
UT WOS:000287557100006
ER
PT J
AU Cismasu, AC
Michel, FM
Tcaciuc, AP
Tyliszczak, T
Brown, GE
AF Cismasu, A. Cristina
Michel, F. Marc
Tcaciuc, A. Patricia
Tyliszczak, Tolek
Brown, Gordon E., Jr.
TI Composition and structural aspects of naturally occurring ferrihydrite
SO COMPTES RENDUS GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferrihydrite; Composition; Structure; Reactivity
ID X-RAY MICROSCOPY; DE-FUCA RIDGE; FERRIC OXIDES; NANOCRYSTALLINE
MATERIAL; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; SYNTHETIC FERRIHYDRITE; POLYHEDRAL
APPROACH; IRON OXYHYDROXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ORGANIC-MATTER
AB A series of naturally occurring ferrihydrites sampled from an acid mine drainage environment were characterized and compared with synthetic 2-line ferrihydrite using high energy X-ray total scattering and pair distribution function analysis, Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), BET N(2) surface area measurements, and chemical extractions in order to place constraints on their structural and physical properties as a function of composition. Overall, the short- and intermediate-range ordering of the natural samples is comparable to synthetic ferrihydrite. However, with increasing Al, Si, and organic matter contents, a decrease in particle size and an increase in structural disorder were observed. Silica is suspected to have a pronounced effect on the crystallinity of ferrihydrite as a result of its inhibitory effect on Fe polymerization and particle growth, and it is likely complexed at the surfaces of ferrihydrite nanoparticles. Aluminum, on the other hand may substitute for Fe(3+) in natural ferrihydrite. Organic matter is pervasive and intimately associated with ferrihydrite aggregates, and its presence during ferrihydrite precipitation may have contributed to additional structural disorder. The increase in impurity content affects not only the particle size and structural order of ferrihydrite but may also have a significant effect on its surface reactivity. (C) 2010 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cismasu, A. Cristina; Michel, F. Marc; Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Michel, F. Marc; Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Tcaciuc, A. Patricia] MIT, Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Tyliszczak, Tolek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Photon Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Cismasu, AC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM cismasu@stanford.edu
FU NSF [CHE-0431425, EF-0830093]; DOE-Office of Biological and
Environmental Research; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford
University; Corning Inc. Foundation
FX This study was supported by NSF Grant CHE-0431425 (Stanford
Environmental Molecular Science Institute), NSF Grant EF-0830093 (Center
for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology), the DOE-Office of
Biological and Environmental Research through the Science Focus Area at
the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, and the Corning Inc.
Foundation. We wish to thank Peter Chupas and Evan Maxey (APS) for
technical support on APS BL ID-11-B, Anne Marshall (Stanford University)
for help with TEM image acquisition, and Guangchao Li (Stanford
University) for ICP-AES analyses.
NR 56
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 7
U2 103
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1631-0713
J9 CR GEOSCI
JI C. R. Geosci.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 343
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 210
EP 218
DI 10.1016/j.crte.2010.11.001
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 754TR
UT WOS:000289880800011
ER
PT J
AU Guyot, F
Daval, D
Dupraz, S
Martinez, I
Menez, B
Sissmann, O
AF Guyot, Francois
Daval, Damien
Dupraz, Sebastien
Martinez, Isabelle
Menez, Benedicte
Sissmann, Olivier
TI CO2 geological storage: The environmental mineralogy perspective
SO COMPTES RENDUS GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide; Carbonate; Geological storage; Carbonation; Deep
biosphere; Biomineralization
ID SOLUTION SATURATION STATE; ALBITE DISSOLUTION KINETICS; GIBBS
FREE-ENERGY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CRYSTAL DISSOLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
ARTIFICIAL GROUNDWATER; FORSTERITE DISSOLUTION; CALCITE PRECIPITATION;
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION
AB Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the options envisaged for mitigating the environmental consequences of anthropogenic CO2 increases in the atmosphere. The general principle is to capture carbon dioxide at the exhaust of power plants and then to inject the compressed fluid into deep geological formations. Before implementation over large scales, it is necessary to assess the efficiency of the process and its environmental consequences. The goal of this paper is to discuss some environmental mineralogy research perspectives raised by CO2 geological storage. (C) 2011 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guyot, Francois; Daval, Damien; Dupraz, Sebastien; Martinez, Isabelle; Menez, Benedicte; Sissmann, Olivier] Univ Paris Diderot, Equipe Rech Technol, Stockage Geol CO2, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Guyot, Francois; Daval, Damien; Dupraz, Sebastien; Martinez, Isabelle; Menez, Benedicte; Sissmann, Olivier] IPGP, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Guyot, Francois] IMPMC, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Daval, Damien; Sissmann, Olivier] Ecole Normale Super, Geol Lab, CNRS, UMR 8538, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Daval, Damien] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dupraz, Sebastien] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, F-45000 Orleans, France.
RP Guyot, F (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Equipe Rech Technol, Stockage Geol CO2, 1 Rue Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
EM Francois.Guyot@impmc.jussieu.fr
RI Daval, Damien/H-1116-2011; MENEZ, Benedicte/E-6720-2012; GUYOT,
Francois/C-3824-2016; IMPMC, Geobio/F-8819-2016
OI GUYOT, Francois/0000-0003-4622-2218;
FU ADEME; Total; Schlumberger; ANR (Agence nationale de le Recherche)
FX Parts of this research have been supported through funding by ADEME,
Total, Schlumberger, and ANR (Agence nationale de le Recherche
programmes CO2 carbonatation and CARMEX). The authors are
grateful to Pr. Kate Maher for her insightful comments on this
manuscript.
NR 109
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 5
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1631-0713
J9 CR GEOSCI
JI C. R. Geosci.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2011
VL 343
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 246
EP 259
DI 10.1016/j.crte.2010.12.007
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 754TR
UT WOS:000289880800015
ER
PT J
AU Du, WX
Su, D
Wang, Q
Frenkel, AI
Teng, XW
AF Du, Wenxin
Su, Dong
Wang, Qi
Frenkel, Anatoly I.
Teng, Xiaowei
TI Promotional Effects of Bismuth on the Formation of Platinum-Bismuth
Nanowires Network and the Electrocatalytic Activity toward Ethanol
Oxidation
SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; METHANOL FUEL-CELLS; FORMIC-ACID;
OXYGEN-REDUCTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS;
MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; DISK ELECTRODE; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTROOXIDATION
AB Electrocatalytic activities of Pt and their alloys toward small organic molecules oxidation are highly dependent on their morphology, chemical composition, and electronic structure. Here, we report the synthesis of dendrite-like Pt(95)Bi(5), Pt(83)Bi(17), and Pt(76)Bi(24) nanowires network with a high aspect ratio (up to 68). The electronic structure and heterogeneous crystalline structure have been studied using combined techniques, including aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Bismuth-oriented attachment growth mechanism has been proposed for the anisotropic growth of Pt/Bi. The electrochemical activities of Pt/Bi nanowires network toward ethanol oxidations have been tested. In particular, the as-made Pt(95)Bi(5) appears to have superior activity toward ethanol oxidation in comparison with the commercial Pt/C catalyst. The reported promotional effect of Bi on the formation of Pt/Bi and electrochemical activities will be important to design effective catalysts for ethanol fuel cell application.
C1 [Teng, Xiaowei] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Yeshiva Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Teng, XW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM xw.teng@unh.edu
RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011; Wang, Qi/C-5478-2012; Su,
Dong/A-8233-2013; Du, Wenxin/P-9195-2014
OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683;
FU University of New Hampshire; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-03ER15476]; Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium
[DE-FG02-05ER15688]
FX This work is supported in part by the University of New Hampshire (X.T.,
W.D.) and the U.S. Department of Energy (A.I.F., Q.W., Grant No.
DE-FG02-03ER15476). Beam lines X19A/X18B are partly supported by
Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium under contract DE-FG02-05ER15688.
NR 68
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1528-7483
J9 CRYST GROWTH DES
JI Cryst. Growth Des.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 594
EP 599
DI 10.1021/cg1015093
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA 713DC
UT WOS:000286714200032
ER
PT J
AU Campisi, J
AF Campisi, Judith
TI Cellular senescence: putting the paradoxes in perspective
SO CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; TUMOR SUPPRESSION; STEM-CELLS; IN-VIVO; CANCER;
FIBROSIS; TUMORIGENESIS; INFLAMMATION; SECRETION; NETWORK
AB Cellular senescence arrests the proliferation of potential cancer cells, and so is a potent tumor suppressive mechanism, akin to apoptosis. Or is it? Why did cells evolve an anti-cancer mechanism that arrests, rather than kills, would-be tumor cells? Recent discoveries that senescent cells secrete growth factors, proteases and cytokines provide a shifting view from senescence as a cell autonomous suppressor of tumorigenesis to senescence as a means to mobilize the systemic and local tissue milieu for repair. In some instances, this mobilization benefits the organism, but in others it can be detrimental. These discoveries provide potential mechanisms by which cellular senescence might contribute to the diverse, and seemingly incongruent, processes of tumor suppression, tumor promotion, tissue repair, and aging.
C1 [Campisi, Judith] Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
[Campisi, Judith] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Buck Inst Age Res, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
EM jcampisi@buckinstitute.org
FU US National Institutes of Health; American Federation for Aging
Research; Hillblom Foundation; Dutch Cancer Society; US National Science
Foundation
FX The author gratefully acknowledges the many laboratory members and
colleagues whose lively discussions contributed to the ideas in this
review. Research described in the review was funded by grants from the
US National Institutes of Health and fellowships from the American
Federation for Aging Research, Hillblom Foundation, Dutch Cancer Society
and US National Science Foundation.
NR 49
TC 128
Z9 134
U1 1
U2 23
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0959-437X
J9 CURR OPIN GENET DEV
JI Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 1
BP 107
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.gde.2010.10.005
PG 6
WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 729MB
UT WOS:000287952800016
PM 21093253
ER
PT J
AU Rockett, A
Chung, YW
Blaschek, H
Butterfield, S
Chance, RR
Ferekides, C
Robinson, M
Snyder, SW
Thackeray, M
AF Rockett, Angus
Chung, Yip-Wah
Blaschek, Hans
Butterfield, Sandy
Chance, Ronald R.
Ferekides, Chris
Robinson, Michael
Snyder, Seth W.
Thackeray, Michael
TI Transformative research issues and opportunities in alternative energy
generation and storage
SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE Renewable energy; Photovoltaics; Biomass; Wind power; Batteries
ID LITHIUM BATTERIES
AB This article presents a summary of research issues and opportunities in alternative energy source research identified by panels of experts assembled by the Engineering Directorate of the US National Science Foundation. The objective was to identify transformative research issues and opportunities to make alternative energy sources viable. The article presents motivations for energy research, grand challenges, and specific challenges in the research areas covered. The grand challenges identified for the United States include supplying 30% of US electricity from photovoltaics by 2030, supplying 25% of US electricity from wind by 2025, displacing 30% of US hydrocarbon use by 2030 with bio-based products, and providing a practical 250-300 W h/kg energy storage system by 2025. Similar challenges could be outlined along the same lines for the remainder of the world. Examples of specific areas of research focus identified as promising include high performance p-type transparent conductors, multijunction thin-film photovoltaic devices, defects in chalcogenide semiconductors, experimental study and numerical modeling of the fluid mechanics of airflow as applied to wind turbines, improved materials for wind turbines, methods for creating high energy density transportable biological feedstocks, biorefinery processes yielding infrastructure-compatible biofuels and biochemicals directly, and improved electrodes and electrolytes for Li ion batteries. Arguments for each of these as research priorities are given. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rockett, Angus] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Chung, Yip-Wah] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Blaschek, Hans] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Butterfield, Sandy] Boulder Wind Power, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Chance, Ronald R.] Georgia Tech, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Ferekides, Chris] Univ S Florida, Dept Elect Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Robinson, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Snyder, Seth W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Thackeray, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rockett, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM rockett@uiuc.edu
RI Chung, Yip-Wah/B-7506-2009; Rockett, Angus/B-5539-2013
OI Rockett, Angus/0000-0001-9759-8421
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 0901256]
FX The authors thank the National Science Foundation (CMMI 0901256) for
supporting these discussions.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 40
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-0286
J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M
JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 1
BP 8
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2010.09.001
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 705KK
UT WOS:000286127100002
ER
PT J
AU Chung, YW
Wang, J
Ajayi, O
Biresaw, G
Cao, JA
Hua, DA
Lapatovich, W
Liu, WK
Majumdar, A
Qureshi, F
Zhu, D
AF Chung, Yip-Wah
Wang, Jane
Ajayi, Oyelayo
Biresaw, Girma
Cao, Jian
Hua, Diann
Lapatovich, Walter
Liu, Wing K.
Majumdar, Arun
Qureshi, Farrukh
Zhu, Dong
TI Transformative research issues and opportunities in energy efficiency
SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE Energy efficiency; Smart buildings; Energy-efficient lighting;
High-performance alloys; Protective coatings; Surface texturing;
Bio-based lubricants
ID VEGETABLE-OIL; CARBON-FILMS; LOW-FRICTION; SURFACES; LUBRICATION;
STABILITY; BOUNDARY
AB This article summarizes the discussions and deliberations on transformative research issues and opportunities in energy efficiency identified by a panel of experts assembled for the Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation Division of the US National Science Foundation. The discussions were confined to two areas - reducing energy consumption in buildings and improving energy efficiency in transportation. While these represent only a very small segment of important areas in energy efficiency, the panel considered them to be the most promising in terms of return on investment in research efforts. In the area of reducing energy consumption in buildings, high-priority research topics include information technology infrastructure for fundamental data gathering, processing and management, whole system and process integration for design and operation of smart buildings, and high-performance building components and sub-systems. In the area of energy efficiency in transportation, high-priority research topics include development of high-temperature high-performance ferrous alloys, systems design of protective coatings, fundamental understanding of surface texturing effects on friction and wear, and development of oxidatively stable bio-based lubricants. The energy challenge is serious. We need sustained investment in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and talent development in these new technologies for the future of our civilization. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chung, Yip-Wah] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Chung, Yip-Wah; Wang, Jane; Cao, Jian; Liu, Wing K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Ajayi, Oyelayo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Biresaw, Girma] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Hua, Diann] Caterpillar Inc, Adv Mat Technol, Peoria, IL 61656 USA.
[Majumdar, Arun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Qureshi, Farrukh] Lubrizol Corp, Wickliffe, OH 44092 USA.
[Zhu, Dong] Tritech Solut, Mt Prospect, IL 60056 USA.
RP Chung, YW (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM ywchung@northwestern.edu
RI Chung, Yip-Wah/B-7506-2009; Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009; Cao, Jian/B-7544-2009
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 0901256]
FX We wish to thank the National Science Foundation (CMMI 0901256) for
supporting these discussions.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-0286
J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M
JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 1
BP 16
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2010.09.005
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 705KK
UT WOS:000286127100003
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Misra, A
AF Wang, J.
Misra, A.
TI An overview of interface-dominated deformation mechanisms in metallic
multilayers
SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE Multilayer; Interface; Dislocation; Atomistic simulations; Experiments
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NANOSCALE CU/NB MULTILAYERS; PHYSICAL
VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HALL-PETCH RELATION; CU-NI MULTILAYER; FE-AL ALLOYS;
THIN-FILMS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; NANOLAYERED COMPOSITES; DISLOCATION
NUCLEATION
AB Recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the deformation mechanisms in metallic multilayers are reviewed. The strength of metallic multilayers increases with decreasing layer thickness and reaches a maximum at layer thickness of a couple of nanometers. The unit processes of slip transmission across the interphase boundary, without the mechanical advantage of a dislocation pile-up, are critical in determining the maximum flow strengths of multilayers. For the case of non-coherent fcc-bcc nanolayered composites such as Cu-Nb, we show that the atomic structure of the interface leads to low interface shear strength. The stress field of a glide dislocation approaching the interface locally shears the interface, resulting in dislocation core spreading and trapping in the interface plane. Glide dislocation trapping at the weak interface via core spreading is thus the key unit process that determines the interface barrier to slip transmission. The maximum strength achieved in a non-coherent multilayer can be tailored by the shear strength of the interface. The role of the atomic structure of the interface in promoting room temperature climb at interfaces and its implications in dislocation recovery is highlighted. Experimental validation of the model predictions is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wang, J.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Misra, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM amisra@lanl.gov
RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012
OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X
FU DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX The authors acknowledge support from DOE, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, and fruitful collaborations with R.G. Hoagland,
J.P. Hirth, J.D. Embury, M.J. Demkowicz, N.A. Mara, N. Li, D.
Bhattacharyya, X. Zhang, X.Y. Liu, Q. Wei, O. Anderoglu, Y.C. Wang that
resulted in the published literature that is reviewed here.
NR 108
TC 141
Z9 143
U1 13
U2 171
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-0286
EI 1879-0348
J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M
JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 1
BP 20
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2010.09.002
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 705KK
UT WOS:000286127100004
ER
PT J
AU Bowie, JU
AF Bowie, James U.
TI Membrane protein folding: how important are hydrogen bonds?
SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID TRANSMEMBRANE HELIX; KETOSTEROID ISOMERASE; DRIVE ASSOCIATION; POLAR
MUTATIONS; ALPHA-HELIX; STABILITY; MOTIFS; MODEL; AMIDE; SPECIFICITY
AB Water is an inhospitable environment for protein hydrogen bonds because it is polarizable and capable of forming competitive hydrogen bonds. In contrast, the apolar core of a biological membrane seems like an ideal environment for hydrogen bonds, and it has long been assumed that hydrogen bonding should be a powerful force driving membrane protein folding. Nevertheless, while backbone hydrogen bonds may be much stronger in membrane proteins, experimental measurements indicate that side chain hydrogen bond strengths are not strikingly different in membrane and water soluble proteins. How is this possible? I argue that model compounds in apolar solvents do not adequately describe the system because the protein itself is ignored. The protein chain provides a rich source of competitive hydrogen bonds and a polarizable environment that can weaken hydrogen bonds. Thus, just like water soluble proteins, evolution can drive the creation of potent hydrogen bonds in membrane proteins where necessary, but mitigating forces in their environment must still be overcome.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Inst Mol Biol, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
EM bowie@mbi.ucla.edu
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM063919, R01 GM063919-07, R01 GM063919-08, R01
GM063919-09, R01 GM063919-06, R01 GM063919-10]
NR 65
TC 73
Z9 73
U1 3
U2 29
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0959-440X
J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL
JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 1
BP 42
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2010.10.003
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 728VC
UT WOS:000287901600006
PM 21075614
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YY
Liu, DW
Zhang, QF
Yu, DM
Liu, J
Cao, GZ
AF Liu, Yanyi
Liu, Dawei
Zhang, Qifeng
Yu, Danmei
Liu, Jun
Cao, Guozhong
TI Lithium iron phosphate/carbon nanocomposite film cathodes for high
energy lithium ion batteries
SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium-ion battery; Lithium iron phosphate; Intercalation; Surface
defect; Nanocomposite
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; LIFEPO4; STORAGE; ELECTRODE; CAPACITY;
RUTILE; CELLS; TIO2; NANOSTRUCTURES; INTERCALATION
AB This paper reports sol-gel derived nanostructured LiFePO(4)/carbon nanocomposite film cathodes exhibiting enhanced electrochemical properties and cyclic stabilities. LiFePO(4)/carbon films were obtained by spreading sol on Pt coated Si wafer followed by ambient drying overnight and annealing/pyrolysis at elevated temperature in nitrogen. Uniform and crack-free LiFePO(4)/carbon nanocomposite films were readily obtained and showed olivine phase as determined by means of X-Ray Diffractometry. The electrochemical characterization revealed that, at a current density of 200 mA/g (1.2 C), the nanocomposite film cathodes demonstrated an initial lithium-ion intercalation capacity of 312 mAh/g, and 218 mAh/g after 20 cycles, exceeding the theoretical storage capacity of conventional LiFePO(4) electrode. Such enhanced Li-ion intercalation performance could be attributed to the nanocomposite structure with fine crystallite size below 20 nm as well as the poor crystallinity which provides a partially open structure allowing easy mass transport and volume change associated with Li-ion intercalation. Moreover the surface defect introduced by carbon nanocoating could also effectively facilitate the charge transfer and phase transitions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Yanyi; Liu, Dawei; Zhang, Qifeng; Yu, Danmei; Cao, Guozhong] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yu, Danmei] Chongqing Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Cao, GZ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gzcao@u.washington.edu
RI Liu, Yanyi/A-1425-2012; Cao, Guozhong/E-4799-2011; Zhang,
Qifeng/D-2498-2012
FU Nation Science Foundation [DMR-0605159, CMMI-1030048]; Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (AFOSR-MURI) [FA9550-06-1-0326]; Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
FX This research work has been financially supported by Nation Science
Foundation (DMR-0605159 and CMMI-#1030048), Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR-MURI, FA9550-06-1-0326), and Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL).
NR 44
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-4686
J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA
JI Electrochim. Acta
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 5
BP 2559
EP 2565
DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.050
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 732YZ
UT WOS:000288227800091
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YHP
Mielenz, JR
AF Zhang, Y. -H. Percival
Mielenz, Jonathan R.
TI Renewable Hydrogen Carrier - Carbohydrate: Constructing the
Carbon-Neutral Carbohydrate Economy
SO ENERGIES
LA English
DT Review
DE artificial photosynthesis; carbohydrate economy; carbon dioxide
utilization; hydrogen carrier; hydrogen production; cell-free synthetic
pathway biotransformation (SyPaB)
ID SOLAR-ENERGY; GENOME SEQUENCE; COFACTOR REGENERATION; ENZYME
IMMOBILIZATION; AFFINITY ADSORPTION; THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA;
BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; AQUIFEX-AEOLICUS; FUEL-CELL; CELLULOSE
AB The hydrogen economy presents an appealing energy future but its implementation must solve numerous problems ranging from low-cost sustainable production, high-density storage, costly infrastructure, to eliminating safety concern. The use of renewable carbohydrate as a high-density hydrogen carrier and energy source for hydrogen production is possible due to emerging cell-free synthetic biology technology-cell-free synthetic pathway biotransformation (SyPaB). Assembly of numerous enzymes and co-enzymes in vitro can create complicated set of biological reactions or pathways that microorganisms or catalysts cannot complete, for example, C6H10O5 (aq) + 7 H2O (1) -> 12 H-2 (g) + 6 CO2 (g) (PLoS One 2007, 2: e456). Thanks to 100% selectivity of enzymes, modest reaction conditions, and high-purity of generated hydrogen, carbohydrate is a promising hydrogen carrier for end users. Gravimetric density of carbohydrate is 14.8 H-2 mass% if water can be recycled from proton exchange membrane fuel cells or 8.33% H-2 mass% without water recycling. Renewable carbohydrate can be isolated from plant biomass or would be produced from a combination of solar electricity/hydrogen and carbon dioxide fixation mediated by high-efficiency artificial photosynthesis mediated by SyPaB. The construction of this carbon-neutral carbohydrate economy would address numerous sustainability challenges, such as electricity and hydrogen storage, CO2 fixation and long-term storage, water conservation, transportation fuel production, plus feed and food production.
C1 [Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Inst Crit Technol & Appl Sci ICTAS, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Zhang, Y. -H. Percival; Mielenz, Jonathan R.] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Gate Fuels Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA.
[Mielenz, Jonathan R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Zhang, YHP (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 210-A Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM ypzhang@vt.edu; mielenzjr@ornl.gov
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; DOE Bioenergy Science Center
(BESC); USDA Biodesign and Bioprocess Center; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science
FX This work was supported mainly by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, and partially by DOE Bioenergy Science Center (BESC) and USDA
Biodesign and Bioprocess Center. The BioEnergy Science Center is a U. S.
Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office
of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science.
We appreciated the valuable suggestions and comments by Brian Davison.
We also thanked Jian-Jiang Zhong for the expression plasmid encoding T.
maritima fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase.
NR 112
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 39
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1996-1073
J9 ENERGIES
JI Energies
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 254
EP 275
DI 10.3390/en4020254
PG 22
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA 726OS
UT WOS:000287734600003
ER
PT J
AU Vasireddy, S
Morreale, B
Cugini, A
Song, C
Spivey, JJ
AF Vasireddy, Sivakumar
Morreale, Bryan
Cugini, Anthony
Song, Chunshan
Spivey, James J.
TI Clean liquid fuels from direct coal liquefaction: chemistry, catalysis,
technological status and challenges
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID LOW-RANK COALS; ARGONNE PREMIUM COALS; WYODAK SUBBITUMINOUS COAL;
AROMATIC CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; VOLATILE
BITUMINOUS COAL; DISPERSED IRON CATALYST; CROSS-LINKING REACTIONS;
SULFIDE-BASED CATALYSTS; MIXED-METAL CATALYSTS
AB Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels coupled with gradual depletion of oil reserves and volatile petroleum prices have recently renewed interest in coal-to-liquids (CTL) technologies. Large recoverable global coal reserves can provide liquid fuels and significantly reduce dependence on oil imports. Direct coal liquefaction (DCL) converts solid coal (H/C ratio approximate to 0.8) to liquid fuels (H/C ratio approximate to 2) by adding hydrogen at high temperature and pressures in the presence or absence of catalyst. This review provides a comprehensive literature survey of the coal structure, chemistry and catalysis involved in direct liquefaction of coal. This report also touches briefly on the historical development and current status of DCL technologies. Key issues, challenges involved in DCL process and directions for the future research are also addressed.
C1 [Vasireddy, Sivakumar; Spivey, James J.] Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Morreale, Bryan] US DOE, Off Res & Dev, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Cugini, Anthony] US DOE, Computat & Basic Sci Focus Area, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Cugini, Anthony] US DOE, Fuels & Proc Chem Div, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Vasireddy, S (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM jjspivey@lsu.edu
RI Song, Chunshan/B-3524-2008
OI Song, Chunshan/0000-0003-2344-9911
FU Department of Energy/NETL
FX We would like to acknowledge the financial support from Department of
Energy/NETL for supporting coal liquefaction research and development at
Louisiana State University and Penn State University.
NR 319
TC 68
Z9 74
U1 10
U2 132
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 311
EP 345
DI 10.1039/c0ee00097c
PG 35
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 715NP
UT WOS:000286891500004
ER
PT J
AU Mukherjee, PP
Kang, QJ
Wang, CY
AF Mukherjee, Partha P.
Kang, Qinjun
Wang, Chao-Yang
TI Pore-scale modeling of two-phase transport in polymer electrolyte fuel
cells-progress and perspective
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID GAS-DIFFUSION-LAYER; LIQUID WATER TRANSPORT; LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL;
RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; X-RAY
MICROTOMOGRAPHY; FRONT-TRACKING METHOD; SERIAL SECTION DATA;
MICRO-POROUS LAYER; NETWORK MODEL
AB Recent years have witnessed an explosion of research and development efforts in the area of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC), perceived as the next generation clean energy source for automotive, portable and stationary applications. Despite significant progress, a pivotal performance/durability limitation in PEFCs centers on two-phase transport and mass transport loss originating from suboptimal liquid water transport and flooding phenomena. Liquid water blocks the porous pathways in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the catalyst layer (CL), thus hindering oxygen transport from the flow field to the electrochemically actives sites in the catalyst layer. Different approaches have been examined to model the underlying transport mechanisms in the PEFC with different levels of complexities. Due to the macroscopic nature, these two-phase models fail to resolve the underlying structural influence on the transport and performance. Mesoscopic modeling at the pore-scale offers great promise in elucidating the underlying structure-transport-performance interlinks in the PEFC porous components. In this article, a systematic review of the recent progress and prospects of pore-scale modeling in the context of two-phase transport in the PEFC is presented. Specifically, the efficacy of lattice Boltzmann (LB), pore morphology (PM) and pore network (PN) models coupled with realistic delineation of microstructures in fostering enhanced insight into the underlying liquid water transport in the PEFC GDL and CL is highlighted.
C1 [Mukherjee, Partha P.; Kang, Qinjun] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Wang, Chao-Yang] Penn State Univ, Electrochem Engine Ctr ECEC, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6164, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mukherjeepp@ornl.gov
RI Wang, Chao-Yang/C-4122-2009; Kang, Qinjun/A-2585-2010
OI Kang, Qinjun/0000-0002-4754-2240
FU LANL LDRD Program; UC Lab [UCD-09-15]
FX PPM would like to thank V. P. Schulz (presently at Co-operative State
University, Mannheim), A. Wiegmann and J. Becker from Fraunhofer ITWM,
Germany for collaboration with GDL microstructure reconstruction and
pore morphology modeling. PPM also thanks M. Nelson, F. Garzon, R.
Mukundan and R. Borup from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for
providing the GDL X-Ray microtomography images and discussions regarding
experimental imaging. The authors acknowledge Elsevier, Electrochemical
Society and American Society of Mechanical Engineers for the figures
reproduced in this article from the referenced publications of their
respective journals. Financial support from LANL LDRD Program and UC Lab
Fees Research Project UCD-09-15 is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 180
TC 67
Z9 67
U1 5
U2 66
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 346
EP 369
DI 10.1039/b926077c
PG 24
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 715NP
UT WOS:000286891500005
ER
PT J
AU Zhi, MJ
Mariani, N
Gemmen, R
Gerdes, K
Wu, NQ
AF Zhi, Mingjia
Mariani, Nicholas
Gemmen, Randall
Gerdes, Kirk
Wu, Nianqiang
TI Nanofiber scaffold for cathode of solid oxide fuel cell
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE; SOFC CATHODES; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ZIRCONIA; ELECTRODES;
ANODES; RECONSTRUCTION; INFILTRATION; FABRICATION; SYNGAS
AB A high performance solid oxide fuel cell cathode using the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanofiber scaffold with the infiltrated La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM) shows an enhanced catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction. Such a cathode offers a continuous path for charge transport and an increased number of triple-phase boundary sites.
C1 [Zhi, Mingjia; Gemmen, Randall; Gerdes, Kirk; Wu, Nianqiang] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Zhi, Mingjia; Mariani, Nicholas; Wu, Nianqiang] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Zhi, MJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM nick.wu@mail.wvu.edu
RI Zhi, Mingjia/A-6866-2010; Wu, Nianqiang/B-9798-2015
OI Zhi, Mingjia/0000-0002-4291-0809; Wu, Nianqiang/0000-0002-8888-2444
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's [41817M2187/41817M2100];
Research and Development Solutions, LLC (RDS) [DE-AC26-04NT41817]; West
Virginia State Research Challenge Grant-Energy Materials Program
[EPS08-01]; NSF [EPS 0554328]
FX This work was supported by the National Energy Technology Laboratory's
on-going research in fuel cell project (41817M2187/41817M2100) under the
Research and Development Solutions, LLC (RDS) contract DE-AC26-04NT41817
and West Virginia State Research Challenge Grant-Energy Materials
Program (EPS08-01). N. Mariani was partially supported by WVNano SURE
Program sponsored by the NSF grant (EPS 0554328) with the matching funds
from the West Virginia University Research Corporation and the West
Virginia EPSCoR Office.
NR 33
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 6
U2 78
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 417
EP 420
DI 10.1039/c0ee00358a
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 715NP
UT WOS:000286891500012
ER
PT J
AU Chakravarthy, VK
Daw, CS
Pihl, JA
AF Chakravarthy, V. Kalyana
Daw, C. Stuart
Pihl, Josh A.
TI Thermodynamic Analysis of Alternative Approaches to Chemical Looping
Combustion
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling
CY JUN 13-17, 2010
CL Jersey City, NJ
SP Exxon Mobil, Baker Hughes, Nalco, Shell, Clariant GmbH, ConocoPhillips, IFP
ID POWER-GENERATION SYSTEM; OXYGEN-CARRIER; EXERGY ANALYSIS; METAL-OXIDES;
CO2 CAPTURE; BED REACTOR; IRON-OXIDE; CYCLE; MN3O4; CLC
AB In this article, we review and clarify some of the points made by previous authors(1,2) regarding chemical looping combustion (CLC). Although much of the recent interest in chemical looping combustion has been associated with carbon sequestration, our primary interest here is its potential to increase the thermodynamic efficiency of converting fuel chemical energy into useful work. We expand on several points about the details of CLC that we feel have not previously been sufficiently explored and suggest alternative (and possibly more practical) approaches that exploit some of the same thermodynamic concepts. We illustrate our key points with first and second law analyses of ideal conceptual processes, which, in addition to CLC, also include isothermal, nonequilibrium, preheated combustion and combustion with thermochemical recuperation. Our results suggest that a significant portion of the potential efficiency benefit of CLC might be achieved without the need to handle and transport large quantities of solid oxygen-storage material. Exploitation of this fact may lead to approaches for power generation from hydrocarbon fuel combustion that can achieve second law efficiencies 10-15% higher than those that are currently possible.
C1 [Chakravarthy, V. Kalyana; Daw, C. Stuart; Pihl, Josh A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
RP Daw, CS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
EM dawcs@ornl.gov
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
BP 656
EP 669
DI 10.1021/ef101336m
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 721IE
UT WOS:000287346000027
ER
PT J
AU VanEngelen, MR
Szilagyi, RK
Gerlach, R
Lee, BD
Apel, WA
Peyton, BM
AF VanEngelen, Michael R.
Szilagyi, Robert K.
Gerlach, Robin
Lee, Brady D.
Apel, William A.
Peyton, Brent M.
TI Uranium Exerts Acute Toxicity by Binding to Pyrroloquinoline Quinone
Cofactor
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; AB-INITIO; METHANOL
DEHYDROGENASE; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; COENZYME PQQ; QUINOPROTEINS;
OXIDATION; ELECTRON; COMPLEX
AB Uranium as an environmental contaminant has been shown to be toxic to eukaryotes and prokaryotes; however, no specific mechanisms of uranium toxicity have been proposed so far. Here a combination of in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies are presented describing direct inhibition of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent growth and metabolism by uranyl cations. Electrospray-ionization mass spectroscopy, UV-vis optical spectroscopy, competitive Ca2+/uranyl binding studies, relevant crystal structures, and molecular modeling unequivocally indicate the preferred binding of uranyl simultaneously to the carboxyl oxygen, pyridine nitrogen, and quinone oxygen of the Pal molecule. The observed toxicity patterns are consistent with the biotic ligand model of acute metal toxicity. In addition to the environmental implications, this work represents the first proposed molecular mechanism of uranium toxicity in bacteria, and has relevance for uranium toxicity in many living systems.
C1 [VanEngelen, Michael R.; Gerlach, Robin; Peyton, Brent M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[VanEngelen, Michael R.; Gerlach, Robin; Peyton, Brent M.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Szilagyi, Robert K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Lee, Brady D.; Apel, William A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Biol Syst Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Peyton, BM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM bpeyton@coe.montana.edu
RI Szilagyi, Robert/G-9268-2012; Gerlach, Robin/A-9474-2012; Peyton,
Brent/G-5247-2015
OI Szilagyi, Robert/0000-0002-9314-6222; Peyton, Brent/0000-0003-0033-0651
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-FG02-06ER64206]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for the Office of Science,
under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Chemical and
Biological Engineering Department; Center for Biofilm Engineering at
Montana State University; MSU through the Defense University
[W911NF0510255]; MSU Center for Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials [ONR
N0014-07-1-0645]
FX The authors at MSU gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided
by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Environmental
Remediation Science Program (ERSP) contract DE-FG02-06ER64206. The INL
portion of the work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Assistant Secretary for the Office of Science, ERSP, under DOE-NE Idaho
Operations Office contract number DE-AC07-05ID14517. Laboratory
facilities and support was provided by the Chemical and Biological
Engineering Department and the Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana
State University. The authors acknowledge funding for the establishment
of the Environmental and Biofilm Mass Spectrometry Facility at MSU
through the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP,
Contract Number: W911NF0510255). Funding for computational resources was
provided by the MSU Center for Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials (ONR
N0014-07-1-0645).
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 3
BP 937
EP 942
DI 10.1021/es101754x
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 711HG
UT WOS:000286577100016
PM 21166389
ER
PT J
AU Hook, SE
Nagler, JJ
Cavileer, T
Verducci, J
Liu, YS
Hayton, W
Schultz, IR
AF Hook, Sharon E.
Nagler, James J.
Cavileer, Tim
Verducci, Joseph
Liu, Yushi
Hayton, William
Schultz, Irvin R.
TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE TRANSCRIPTOME AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF
REPRODUCTION IN FEMALE RAINBOW TROUT OVER AN ANNUAL CYCLE
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th Annual Meeting of SETAC
CY NOV 19-23, 2009
CL New Orleans, LA
DE Microarray; Endocrine-disrupting compounds; Gene regulatory networks;
Sexual development; Oocyte maturation
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; GOLDFISH
CARASSIUS-AURATUS; PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS; GROWTH-FACTOR-I;
GENE-EXPRESSION; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; LARGEMOUTH BASS; MESSENGER-RNA; SALAR
L.
AB Normal transcriptomic patterns along the brain-pituitary-gonad-liver (BPGL) axis should be better characterized if endocrine-disrupting compound induced changes in gene expression are to be understood. Female rainbow trout were studied over a complete year-long reproductive cycle. Tissue samples from pituitary, ovary, and liver were collected for microarray analysis using the 16K Genomic Research on Atlantic Salmon Project (GRASP) microarray and for quantitative polymerase chain reaction measures of estrogen receptor (ER) isoform messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Plasma was collected to determine levels of circulating estradio1-17 beta (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). As an a priori hypothesis, changes in gene expression were correlated to either circulating levels of E2, FSH, and LH, or ER mRNAs quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the liver, most transcriptomic patterns correlated to levels of either E2, LH, or ERs. Fewer ovarian transcripts could be correlated to levels of E2, ER alpha, or FSH. No significant associations were obvious in the pituitary. As a post hoc hypothesis, changes in transcript abundance were compared with microarray features with known roles in gonadal maturation. Many altered transcripts in the ovary correlated to transcript levels of estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 or 17 B HSD12, or to glycoprotein alpha chain 1 or 2. In the pituitary, genes involved with the growth axis (e.g., growth hormone, insulin-related growth factor binding protein) correlated with the most transcripts. These results suggest that transcriptional networks along the BPGL axis may be regulated by factors other than circulating steroid hormones. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:309-318. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Hook, Sharon E.; Schultz, Irvin R.] Battelle PNNL MSL, Sequim, WA USA.
[Nagler, James J.; Cavileer, Tim] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Verducci, Joseph; Liu, Yushi; Hayton, William] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Hook, SE (reprint author), CSIRO Ctr Environm Contaminants Res, Kirrawee, NSW, Australia.
EM Sharon.Hook@csiro.au
RI Hook, Sharon/D-9067-2011
NR 52
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 26
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 30
IS 2
BP 309
EP 318
DI 10.1002/etc.407
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 710DB
UT WOS:000286490000007
PM 21086553
ER
PT J
AU Chen, CL
Rao, SM
Dong, CL
Chen, JL
Huang, TW
Mok, BH
Ling, MC
Wang, WC
Chang, CL
Chan, TS
Lee, JF
Guo, JH
Wu, MK
AF Chen, C. L.
Rao, S. M.
Dong, C. L.
Chen, J. L.
Huang, T. W.
Mok, B. H.
Ling, M. C.
Wang, W. C.
Chang, C. L.
Chan, T. S.
Lee, J. F.
Guo, J. -H.
Wu, M. K.
TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the electronic structure
of superconducting FeSex single crystals
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA-FESE
AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) Fe K-edge spectra of the FeSex (x = 1-0.8) single crystals cleaved in situ under vacuum reveal characteristic Fe 4sp states and a lattice distortion. The Se K-edge spectra point to a strong Fe 3d-Se 4p hybridization giving rise to itinerant charge carriers. A formal charge of similar to 1.8+ for Fe and similar to 2.2- for Se was evaluated from these spectra in the FeSex (x = 0.88). The charge balance between Fe and Se is assigned to itinerant electrons located in the Fe-Se hybridization bond. As x decreases the 4p hole count increases and a crystal structure distortion is observed that in turn causes the Fe separation in the ab-plane change from 4p orbital to varying (modulating) coordination. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements also show a slight increase in lattice parameters as x decreases (increasing Se deficiency). Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011
C1 [Chen, C. L.; Rao, S. M.; Huang, T. W.; Mok, B. H.; Ling, M. C.; Wu, M. K.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
[Dong, C. L.; Chan, T. S.; Lee, J. F.] Natl Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.
[Chen, J. L.; Chang, C. L.] Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui, Taipei Cty, Taiwan.
[Chen, J. L.; Guo, J. -H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Chen, CL (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
EM clchen@phys.sinica.edu.tw; rao@phys.sinica.edu.tw
RI Mok, Boram/D-8703-2011; Chen, Chi Liang/F-4649-2012
FU National Science Council of R. O. C. [NSC96-2112-M-001-026-MY3, NSC
99-2112-M-001-036-MY3]; NSC
FX This work was supported by the National Science Council of R. O. C.
under contracts NSC96-2112-M-001-026-MY3 and NSC 99-2112-M-001-036-MY3.
One of the authors (SMR) is grateful to the NSC for financial support.
The experimental support from NSRRC is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 21
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 93
IS 4
AR 47003
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/93/47003
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 728BP
UT WOS:000287849300013
ER
PT J
AU Agakishiev, G
Balanda, A
Bannier, B
Bassini, R
Belver, D
Belyaev, A
Blanco, A
Bohmer, M
Boyard, JL
Cabanelas, P
Castro, E
Chernenko, S
Christ, T
Destefanis, M
Diaz, J
Dohrmann, F
Dybczak, A
Eberl, T
Epple, E
Fabbietti, L
Fateev, O
Finocchiaro, P
Fonte, P
Friese, J
Frohlich, I
Galatyuk, T
Garzon, JA
Gernhauser, R
Gil, A
Gilardi, C
Golubeva, M
Gonzalez-Diaz, D
Guber, F
Gumberidze, M
Heilmann, M
Heinz, T
Hennino, T
Holzmann, R
Huck, P
Iori, I
Ivashkin, A
Jurkovic, M
Kampfer, B
Kanaki, K
Karavicheva, T
Kirschner, D
Koenig, I
Koenig, W
Kolb, BW
Kotte, R
Krizek, F
Krucken, R
Kuhn, W
Kugler, A
Kurepin, A
Lang, S
Lange, JS
Lapidus, K
Liu, T
Lopes, L
Lorenz, M
Maier, L
Mangiarotti, A
Markert, J
Metag, V
Michalska, B
Michel, J
Mishra, D
Moriniere, E
Mousa, J
Muntz, C
Naumann, L
Otwinowski, J
Pachmayer, YC
Palka, M
Parpottas, Y
Pechenov, V
Pechenova, O
Cavalcanti, TP
Pietraszko, J
Przygoda, W
Ramstein, B
Reshetin, A
Roy-Stephan, M
Rustamov, A
Sadovsky, A
Sailer, B
Salabura, P
Schmah, A
Schwab, E
Siebenson, J
Sobolev, YG
Spataro, S
Spruck, B
Strobele, H
Stroth, J
Sturm, C
Tarantola, A
Teilab, K
Tlusty, P
Traxler, M
Trebacz, R
Tsertos, H
Wagner, V
Weber, M
Wendisch, C
Wisniowski, M
Wojcik, T
Wustenfeld, J
Yurevich, S
Zanevsky, Y
Zhou, P
Zumbruch, P
AF Agakishiev, G.
Balanda, A.
Bannier, B.
Bassini, R.
Belver, D.
Belyaev, A.
Blanco, A.
Boehmer, M.
Boyard, J. L.
Cabanelas, P.
Castro, E.
Chernenko, S.
Christ, T.
Destefanis, M.
Diaz, J.
Dohrmann, F.
Dybczak, A.
Eberl, T.
Epple, E.
Fabbietti, L.
Fateev, O.
Finocchiaro, P.
Fonte, P.
Friese, J.
Froehlich, I.
Galatyuk, T.
Garzon, J. A.
Gernhaeuser, R.
Gil, A.
Gilardi, C.
Golubeva, M.
Gonzalez-Diaz, D.
Guber, F.
Gumberidze, M.
Heilmann, M.
Heinz, T.
Hennino, T.
Holzmann, R.
Huck, P.
Iori, I.
Ivashkin, A.
Jurkovic, M.
Kaempfer, B.
Kanaki, K.
Karavicheva, T.
Kirschner, D.
Koenig, I.
Koenig, W.
Kolb, B. W.
Kotte, R.
Krizek, F.
Kruecken, R.
Kuehn, W.
Kugler, A.
Kurepin, A.
Lang, S.
Lange, J. S.
Lapidus, K.
Liu, T.
Lopes, L.
Lorenz, M.
Maier, L.
Mangiarotti, A.
Markert, J.
Metag, V.
Michalska, B.
Michel, J.
Mishra, D.
Moriniere, E.
Mousa, J.
Muentz, C.
Naumann, L.
Otwinowski, J.
Pachmayer, Y. C.
Palka, M.
Parpottas, Y.
Pechenov, V.
Pechenova, O.
Cavalcanti, T. Perez
Pietraszko, J.
Przygoda, W.
Ramstein, B.
Reshetin, A.
Roy-Stephan, M.
Rustamov, A.
Sadovsky, A.
Sailer, B.
Salabura, P.
Schmah, A.
Schwab, E.
Siebenson, J.
Sobolev, Yu. G.
Spataro, S.
Spruck, B.
Stroebele, H.
Stroth, J.
Sturm, C.
Tarantola, A.
Teilab, K.
Tlusty, P.
Traxler, M.
Trebacz, R.
Tsertos, H.
Wagner, V.
Weber, M.
Wendisch, C.
Wisniowski, M.
Wojcik, T.
Wuestenfeld, J.
Yurevich, S.
Zanevsky, Y.
Zhou, P.
Zumbruch, P.
CA HADES Collaboration
TI Hyperon production in Ar plus KCl collisions at 1.76A GeV
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; KAON PRODUCTION; SIS
ENERGIES; EQUATION; STATE
AB We present transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distribution and multiplicity of Lambda-hyperons measured with the HADES spectrometer in the reaction Ar(1.76A GeV) + KCl. The yield of Xi(-) is calculated from our previously reported Xi(-)/(Lambda+Sigma(0)) ratio and compared to other strange particle multiplicities. Employing a strangeness balance equation the multiplicities of the yet unmeasured Sigma(+/-)-hyperons can be estimated. Finally a statistical hadronization model is used to fit the yields of pi(-), K+, K-s(0), K-, phi, Lambda and Xi(-). The resulting chemical freeze-out temperature of T = (76 +/- 2) MeV is compared to the measured slope parameters obtained from fits to the transverse mass distributions of the different particles.
C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Belyaev, A.; Chernenko, S.; Fateev, O.; Lapidus, K.; Zanevsky, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia.
[Finocchiaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
[Blanco, A.; Fonte, P.; Lopes, L.; Mangiarotti, A.] LIP Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal.
[Balanda, A.; Dybczak, A.; Michalska, B.; Otwinowski, J.; Przygoda, W.; Salabura, P.; Trebacz, R.; Wisniowski, M.; Wojcik, T.] Jagiellonian Univ Cracow, Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Gonzalez-Diaz, D.; Heinz, T.; Holzmann, R.; Koenig, I.; Koenig, W.; Kolb, B. W.; Lang, S.; Pechenov, V.; Rustamov, A.; Schmah, A.; Schwab, E.; Stroth, J.; Sturm, C.; Traxler, M.; Yurevich, S.; Zumbruch, P.] Schwerionenforsch GmbH, GSI Helmholtzzentrum, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Bannier, B.; Dohrmann, F.; Kaempfer, B.; Kanaki, K.; Kotte, R.; Naumann, L.; Wendisch, C.; Wuestenfeld, J.; Zhou, P.] Forschungszentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Strahlenphys, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
[Froehlich, I.; Galatyuk, T.; Heilmann, M.; Lorenz, M.; Markert, J.; Michel, J.; Muentz, C.; Pachmayer, Y. C.; Palka, M.; Pechenova, O.; Pietraszko, J.; Stroebele, H.; Stroth, J.; Tarantola, A.; Teilab, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Destefanis, M.; Gilardi, C.; Kirschner, D.; Kuehn, W.; Lange, J. S.; Metag, V.; Mishra, D.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Spataro, S.; Spruck, B.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Bassini, R.; Iori, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Golubeva, M.; Guber, F.; Ivashkin, A.; Karavicheva, T.; Kurepin, A.; Reshetin, A.; Sadovsky, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia.
[Epple, E.; Fabbietti, L.; Lapidus, K.; Siebenson, J.] Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, D-85478 Munich, Germany.
[Boehmer, M.; Christ, T.; Eberl, T.; Friese, J.; Gernhaeuser, R.; Huck, P.; Jurkovic, M.; Kruecken, R.; Maier, L.; Sailer, B.; Weber, M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Munich, Germany.
[Mousa, J.; Parpottas, Y.; Tsertos, H.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
[Boyard, J. L.; Gumberidze, M.; Hennino, T.; Liu, T.; Moriniere, E.; Ramstein, B.; Roy-Stephan, M.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Phys Nucl,UMR 8608, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France.
[Krizek, F.; Kugler, A.; Sobolev, Yu. G.; Tlusty, P.; Wagner, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic.
[Belver, D.; Cabanelas, P.; Castro, E.; Garzon, J. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain.
[Diaz, J.; Gil, A.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia 46971, Spain.
[Iori, I.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Fonte, P.] ISEC Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
[Kaempfer, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Schmah, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Spataro, S.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia.
EM Lorenz@Physik.uni-frankfurt.de; aschmah@lbl.gov
RI Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Eberl, Thomas/J-4826-2016; Kruecken,
Reiner/A-1640-2013; Finocchiaro, Paolo/G-5625-2010; Diaz,
Jose/B-3454-2012; Spataro, Stefano/E-1305-2012; Ivashkin,
Alexander/B-9725-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Golubeva,
Marina/C-6154-2014; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Krizek,
Filip/G-8967-2014; Mangiarotti, Alessio/I-1072-2012; Gonzalez Diaz,
Diego/K-7265-2014; Fonte, Paulo/B-1842-2008; Blanco,
Alberto/L-2520-2014; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/M-1671-2014
OI Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Eberl, Thomas/0000-0002-5301-9106;
Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042; Diaz, Jose/0000-0002-7239-223X;
Spataro, Stefano/0000-0001-9601-405X; Ivashkin,
Alexander/0000-0003-4595-5866; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218;
Mangiarotti, Alessio/0000-0001-7837-6057; Gonzalez Diaz,
Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Fonte, Paulo/0000-0002-2275-9099; Gil Ortiz,
Alejandro/0000-0002-0852-412X
FU BMBF (Germany) [06MT9156, 06GI146I, 06FY171, 06DR9059D]; GSI [TMKrue
1012, GI /ME3, OF/STR]; Excellence Cluster Universe (Germany); GA AS CR
[IAA100480803]; MSMT (Czech Republic) [LC 07050]; INFN (Italy);
CNRS/IN2P3 (France); Spain [MCYT FPA2000-2041-C02-02, XUGA PGID
FPA2009-12931 T02PXIC20605PN]; Cyprus [UCY-10.3.11.12]; INTAS
[06-1000012-8861]; EU [RII3-CT-506078]; [KBN5P03B 140 20]
FX The HADES Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the support by BMBF
grants 06MT9156, 06GI146I, 06FY171 and 06DR9059D (Germany), by GSI
(TMKrue 1012, GI /ME3, OF/STR), by Excellence Cluster Universe
(Germany), by grants GA AS CR IAA100480803 and MSMT LC 07050 MSMT (Czech
Republic), by grant KBN5P03B 140 20 (Poland), by INFN (Italy), by
CNRS/IN2P3 (France), by grants MCYT FPA2000-2041-C02-02 and XUGA PGID
FPA2009-12931 T02PXIC20605PN (Spain), by grant UCY-10.3.11.12 (Cyprus),
by INTAS grant 06-1000012-8861 and EU contract RII3-CT-506078.
NR 36
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6001
EI 1434-601X
J9 EUR PHYS J A
JI Eur. Phys. J. A
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 2
AR 21
DI 10.1140/epja/i2011-11021-8
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 737EL
UT WOS:000288551700007
ER
PT J
AU Aad, G
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CA ATLAS Collaboration
TI Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in proton-proton
collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
LA English
DT Article
ID STRONG-COUPLING ALPHA(S); PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS;
4-JET OBSERVABLES; HERA; CALORIMETER; PHOTOPRODUCTION; MULTIPLICITIES;
RESOLUTION; COLLIDER
AB Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17 nb(-1) recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k(t) algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R = 0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets above 60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variable chi. The results are compared to expectations based on next-to-leading-order QCD, which agree with the data, providing a validation of the theory in a new kinematic regime.
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[Feng, C.; Ged, P.; Hed, M.; Miaod, J.; Sund, X. H.; Wang, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, High Energy Phys Grp, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Cindro, V.; Defay, P. O.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Sandoval, T.; Sauvage, G.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.; Viret, S.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, CNRS,IN2P3, FR-63177 Aubiere, France.
[Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Caughron, S.; Cole, B.; Cooke, M.; Copic, K.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Gray, H. M.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Marshall, Z.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Reale, V. Perez; Spano, F.; Turlay, E.; Unno, Y.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wunstorf, R.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY 10533 USA.
[Dam, M.; Driouichi, C.; Facius, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Lundquist, J.; Mackeprang, R.; Petersen, T. C.; Rensch, B.; Simonyan, M.; Xie, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark.
[Adorisio, C.; Caputo, R.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Salamanna, G.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Consenza, IT-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Adorisio, C.; Caputo, R.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Salamanna, G.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, IT-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Idzik, M.; Jelen, K.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Rulikowska-Zarebska, E.; Toczek, B.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; Bocian, D.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Kisielewski, B.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Malecki, P.; Moszczynski, A.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Policicchio, A.; Richter-Was, E.; Stodulski, M.; Szczygiel, R. R.; Szymocha, T.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Tuggle, J. M.; Wolters, H.; Wotschack, J.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
[Daya, R. K.; Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Goldin, D.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Isobe, T.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kasmi, A.; Kehoe, R.; Liu, T.; Lu, L.; Renkel, P.; Rios, R. R.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.; Zarzhitsky, P.; Zenin, A. V.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Ahsan, M.; Galyaev, E.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.] Univ Texas Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
[Antunovic, B.; Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Brandt, G.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Gosdzik, B.; Gregor, I. M.; Haller, J.; Katzy, J.; Kowalski, H.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Notz, D.; Petschull, D.; Stelzer, H. J.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
[Antunovic, B.; Bechtle, P.; Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Brandt, G.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Gosdzik, B.; Gregor, I. M.; Haller, J.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kostka, P.; Kowalski, H.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Mamuzic, J.; Medinnis, M.; Mehlhase, S.; Mijovic, L.; Monig, K.; Naumann, T.; Notz, D.; Nozicka, M.; Petschull, D.; Placakyte, R.; Qin, Z.; Stelzer, H. J.; Terwort, M.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany.
[Bunse, M.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Klaiber-Lodewigs, J.; Klingenberg, R.; Knecht, N. S.; Krasel, O.; Mass, M.; Muenstermann, D.; Rajek, S.; Reisinger, I.; Walbersloh, J.; Weber, J.; Wulf, E.; Wynne, B. M.] TU Dortmund, DE-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
[Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Koepke, L.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Przysiezniak, H.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schumacher, J. W.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
[Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Klinkby, E. B.; Kneringer, E.; Koenig, S.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Cleland, W.; Xaplanteris, L.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Griesmayer, E.] Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, AT-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
[Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Barone, M.; Beretta, M.; Besana, M. I.; Bilokon, H.; Braccini, S.; Cerutti, F.; Chiefari, G.; Curatolo, M.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Martini, A.; Miscetti, S.; Nicoletti, G.; Saleem, M.; Sandhoff, M.; Testa, M.; Ventura, S.; Vilucchi, E.; Wen, M.; Zambrano, V.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
[Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Berglund, E.; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, P. J.; Dao, V.; Gomez, M. M. Diaz; Efthymiopoulos, I.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gaumer, O.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Hamilton, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Macina, D.; Mangin-Brinet, M.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mikulec, B.; Moneta, L.; Herrera, C. Mora; Morone, M. -C.; Orellana, F.; Pasztor, G.; Pohl, M.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Rosselet, L.; Urkovsky, E.; Wuestenfeld, J.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Cervetto, M.; Cochran, J.; Cornelissen, T.; Cuneo, S.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Ferro, F.; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Odino, G. A.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, IT-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Cervetto, M.; Cochran, J.; Cornelissen, T.; Cuneo, S.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Ferro, F.; Gagliardi, G.; Odino, G. A.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, IT-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Childers, J. T.; Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Magradze, E.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.; Tsipolitis, G.; Tsiskaridze, V.] Georgian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, GE-380077 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Childers, J. T.; Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Magradze, E.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.; Tsipolitis, G.; Tsiskaridze, V.] Tbilisi State Univ, HEP Inst, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Ferrag, S.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; Nicholson, C.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Pickford, A.; Raine, C.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Saxon, D. H.; Shaw, C.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Stewart, G. A.; Thompson, A. S.; Wright, C.; Wright, D.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Ay, C.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Park, S. J.; Quadt, A.; Shabalina, E.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Belhorma, B.; Clement, C.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; De Saintignon, P.; Delsart, P. A.; Dohmae, T.; Dzahini, D.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Trivedi, A.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol,INPG, FR-38026 Grenoble, France.
[Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
[Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Mills, C.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Chilingarov, A.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Foehlisch, F.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomicha, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Kobel, M.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Radescu, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schoening, A.] Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI, Lehrstuhl Informat, DE-68131 Mannheim, Germany.
[Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
[Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Saeki Ku, Hiroshima 7315193, Japan.
[Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Egorov, K.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Manara, A.; Marino, C. P.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, L. E.; Rust, D. R.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Bischof, R.; Epp, B.; Girtler, P.; Jussel, P.; Koeneke, K.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Schreiner, A.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Coe, P.; Lebedev, A.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Nelson, A.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Tripiana, M. F.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames High Energy Phys Grp, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Choudalakis, G.; Dedovich, D. V.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Olchevski, A. G.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Zhemchugov, A.] JINR, RU-141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Amako, K.; Ikeno, M.; Ishikawa, A.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Manabe, A.; Murakami, K.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Ozone, K.; Santos, H.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsung, J. -W.; Unel, G.; Yamamoto, A.] High Energy Accelerator Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishino, M.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kiyamura, H.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
[Saraiva, J. G.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Sakyou Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Fushimi Ku, Kyoto 6128522, Japan.
[Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Trinh, N.] Univ Nacl La Plata, FCE, Dept Fis, IFLP,CONICET, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina.
[Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Catmore, J. R.; Cheatham, S.; Chiodini, G.; Davidson, R.; De Mora, L.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Monticelli, F.; Ratoff, P. N.; Sloan, T. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England.
[Brambilla, E.; Cataldia, G.; Cazzato, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Coluccia, R.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Prokofiev, K.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, IT-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Brambilla, E.; Cazzato, A.; Coluccia, R.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, IT-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Allport, P. P.; Austin, N.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Koblitz, B.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Leney, K. J. C.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Prieur, D.; Sellers, G.; Vankov, P.; Vovenko, A. S.; Waller, P.; Wiglesworth, C.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
[Ciobotaru, M. D.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.] Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Ciobotaru, M. D.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Adragna, P.; Beck, G. A.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Cooper, B. D.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Gnanvo, K. G.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Martin, A. J.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Tovey, D. R.] Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Phys, London E1 4NS, England.
[Alam, M. A.; Bertin, A.; Boisvert, V.; Boorman, G.; Cooper-Smith, N. J.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Green, B.; Kilvington, G.; McGarvie, S.; McMahon, T. R.; Misiejuk, A.; Strong, A.; Tamsett, M. C.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
[Alonso, A.; Baker, S.; Berry, T.; Bertin, A.; Boeser, S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Byatt, T.; Campanelli, M.; Christov, A.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Drohan, J. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Ozcan, V. E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, D.; Sherwood, P.; Siegert, F.; Simmons, B.; Stefanidis, E.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Camard, A.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Le Dortz, O.; Lellouch, J.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Trigger, I. M.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Univ Paris 06, CNRS,IN2P3, FR-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Akesson, T. P.; Alonso, A.; Boelaert, N.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Ji, W.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Nat Vetenskapliga Fak, Fysiska Inst, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; Del Peso, J.; Gabaldon, C.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Oliver, C.; Roda, C.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Ertel, E.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Neusiedl, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Wicke, D.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, DE-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Almond, J.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Freestone, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Jones, G.; Keates, J. R.; Kelly, M.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Martyniuk, A. C.; Masik, J.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nasteva, I.; Nauyock, F.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Plano, W. G.; Potter, K. P.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Tevlin, C. M.; Thompson, R. J.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Bee, C.; Benchouk, C.; Cerna, C.; Clement, B.; Rozanov, A.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France.
[Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Thompson, E. N.; van Eldik, N.; Willocq, S.; Wraight, K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M. -A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Mc Donald, J.; Nderitu, S. K.; Potter, C. T.; Robertson, S. H.; Sandhu, P.; Schram, M.; Vacek, V.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, High Energy Phys Grp, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Barberio, E. L.; Davey, W.; Davidson, N.; Felzmann, C. U.; Kazi, S. I.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Armbruster, A. J.; Chapman, J. W.; Citterio, M.; Dai, T.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Strandberg, J.; Thun, R. P.; Wilson, A.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Randall Lab 2477, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Abolins, M.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Comune, G.; Di Mattia, A.; Ermoline, I.; Gonzalez-Pineiro, B.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Richards, R. A.; Schwienhorst, R.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, High Energy Phys Grp, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Acerbia, E.; Aleppo, M.; Alessandriaa, F.; Alimonti, G.; Ambrosio, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglionia, G.; Banfi, D.; Battistoni, G.; Broggi, F.; Caccia, M.; Carminati, L.; Cavallia, D.; Clark, A.; Coggeshall, J.; Costa, G.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Laria, T.; Lazzaro, A.; Mandellia, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Rzaeva, S.; Sorbi, M.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Trocme, B.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, IT-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Acerbia, E.; Aleppo, M.; Andreazza, A.; Banfi, D.; Caccia, M.; Carminati, L.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Lazzaro, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Sorbi, M.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, IT-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Bogouch, A.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Sarangi, T.; Tsiakiris, M.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk 220072, Byelarus.
[Gilewsky, V.; Kuzhir, P.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] NC PHEP BSU, Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk 220040, Byelarus.
[Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Gutierrez, A.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Savinov, V.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
[Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Kayumov, F.; Komar, A. A.; Konovalov, S. P.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Vasilyeva, L.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, RU-117924 Moscow, Russia.
[Artamonov, A.; Asner, D.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] ITEP, RU-117218 Moscow, Russia.
[Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolenc, I.; Kantserov, V. A.; Morozov, S. V.; Rojo, V.; Smirnov, S. Yu.] MEPhI, RU-115409 Moscow, Russia.
[Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] MSU SINP, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Adomeit, S.; Biebel, O.; Binder, M.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Deile, M.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Krobath, G.; Kummer, C.; Lambacher, M.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Mameghani, R.; Merkl, D.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Rauscher, F.; Ruckert, B.; Salvatore, F.; Schaile, D.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, DE-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Capua, M.; Cortiana, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dannheim, D.; Dedes, G.; Dietl, H.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Haertel, R.; Hauff, D.; Hott, T.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kocnar, A.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Mock, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Rauter, E.; Richter, R.; Sadykov, R.; Schacht, P.; Schieck, J.; Seuster, R.; Stiller, W.; Stonjek, S.; Vahsen, S.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Yuan, J.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
[Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan.
[Hasegawa, S.; Ivashin, A. V.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
[Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capriotti, D.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chikovani, L.; Conventi, F.; De Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Donini, J.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iacobucci, G.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Migliaccio, A.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, IT-8026 Naples, Italy.
[Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capriotti, D.; Cevenini, F.; Chikovani, L.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Migliaccio, A.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, IT-8026 Naples, Italy.
[Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, C.; Toms, K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Ko, B. R.; Magrath, C. A.; Ordonez, G.; Raas, M.; Timmermans, C. J. W. P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Dept Expt High Energy Phys, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Bentvelsen, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Buis, E. J.; Colijn, A. P.; Dankers, R.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hendriks, P. J.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Kobayashi, T.; Kocian, M.; Koffeman, E.; Koutsman, A.; Lee, H.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Muijs, A.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Peeters, S. J. M.; Peters, O.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Samset, B. H.; Scholte, R. C.; Snuverink, J.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Cakire, I. Turk; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; van der Poel, E.; Van Eijk, B.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Bentvelsen, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Buis, E. J.; Colijn, A. P.; Dankers, R.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hendriks, P. J.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Kobayashi, T.; Kocian, M.; Koffeman, E.; Koutsman, A.; Lee, H.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Muijs, A.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Peeters, S. J. M.; Peters, O.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Samset, B. H.; Scholte, R. C.; Snuverink, J.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Cakire, I. Turk; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; van der Poel, E.; Van Eijk, B.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Robinson, M.; Suhr, C.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Kotov, K. Y.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Orlov, I.; Panin, V. N.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.; Zenin, O.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; Djilkibaev, R.; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Arms, K. E.; Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Moss, J.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Mima, S.; Naito, D.; Nakano, I.; Raas, M.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
[Abbott, B.; Abdesselam, A.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Khanov, A.] Palacky Univ, Olomouc 77207, Czech Republic.
[Brau, J. E.; Puigdengoles, C.; Reinsch, A.; Robinson, D.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Abreu, H.; Arnault, C.; Asman, B.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Bernhard, R.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; Collard, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Diglio, S.; Dudziak, F.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Falou, A. C.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Heller, M.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Kado, M.; Lechowski, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, P.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.] Univ Paris 11, IN2P3, CNRS, LAL, Orsay, France.
[Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
[Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Read, A. L.; Garcia, Y. Rodriguez; Salt, J.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.; Taga, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, NO-0316 Oslo 3, Norway.
[Abdesselam, A.; Barr, A. J.; Beauchemin, P. H.; Boddy, C. R.; Brett, N. D.; Buchanan, J.; Buira-Clark, D.; Coelli, S.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dehchar, M.; Dennis, C.; Doglioni, C.; Farrington, S. M.; Ferrando, J.; Fiascaris, M.; Fopma, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gibson, S. M.; Gilbert, L. M.; Grewal, A.; Gwenlan, C.; Hawes, B. M.; Hindson, D.; Holmes, A.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Istin, S.; Jones, M.; Karagoz, M.; Kirsch, G. P.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lau, W.; Lavorato, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Lynn, J.; Mattravers, C.; Mermod, P.; Mitra, A.; Nickerson, R. B.; Ottewell, B.; Shield, P.; Tsarouchas, C.; Vertogardov, L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Wastie, R.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Yang, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Bellomoa, M.; Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Goggia, V.; Lanzaa, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Prata, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Usai, G.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, IT-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Goggia, V.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Prata, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Usai, G.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, IT-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Dolgoshein, B. A.; Hines, E.; Jackson, B.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Munar, A.; Olivito, D.; Thomson, E.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, High Energy Phys Grp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Nesterov, S. Y.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Zalite, Yo. K.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia.
[Bertolucci, S.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Robson, A.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Zenonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Bertolucci, S.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Robson, A.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Zenonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Boudreau, J.; Boulahouache, C.; Clemens, J. C.; Haboubi, G.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Primavera, M.; Sasaki, O.; Tsukerman, I. I.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Amorim, A.; Anjosa, N.; Benincasa, G. P.; Carvalho, J.; Conde Muino, P.; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fernandes, B.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Magalhaes Martins, P. J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Morais, A.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Sandvoss, S.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wosiek, B. K.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, PT-1000149 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Bazalova, M.; Bohm, J.; Ciapetti, G.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Havranek, M.; Hruska, I.; Jahoda, M.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Kvasnicka, O.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Popule, J.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Stastny, J.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Tomasek, L.; Tomasek, M.; Valderanis, C.; Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
[Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Drasal, Z.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Reznicek, P.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valentinetti, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
[Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turala, M.; Vacavant, L.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CZ-16635 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
[Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Evdokimov, V. N.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Golovnia, S. N.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Kopikov, S. V.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Lapin, V. V.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Makouski, M.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Vranjesa, N.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Greenfield, D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Sci & Technol Facil Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Benslama, K.; Ming, Y.; Ortega, E. O.] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
[Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Shiga 5258577, Japan.
[Bini, C.; Boaretto, C.; Cavallari, A.; Ciftci, A. K.; De Salvo, A.; Di Domenico, A.; Dionisi, C.; Lucia, C.; Maiani, C.; Nisati, A.; Zendler, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, IT-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Bagnaia, P.; Biglietti, M.; Bini, C.; Boaretto, C.; Borroni, S.; Caloi, R.; Cavallari, A.; Ciftci, A. K.; De Zorzi, G.; Di Domenico, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Lucia, C.; Maiani, C.; Moch, M.; Ryan, P.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.; Zendler, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Paoloni, A.; Sadeh, I.; Sandstroem, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, IT-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Paoloni, A.; Sandstroem, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Baccia, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Ionescu, G.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Spiriti, E.; Spogli, L.; Stanescu, C.; Tonazzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, IT-00146 Rome, Italy.
[Baccia, C.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Spogli, L.; Tonazzo, A.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00146 Rome, Italy.
[Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Goujdami, D.; Hoummada, A.] RUPHE, Casablanca, Morocco.
[Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Goujdami, D.; Hoummada, A.] Univ Hassan 2, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco.
[Chafaq, A.; Hoummada, A.] CNESTEN, Rabat 10001, Morocco.
[Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.] Univ Mohamed Premier, LPTPM, Fac Sci, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
[Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Guyot, C.; Lenzi, B.; Mansoulie, B.; Marzin, A.; Ouraou, A.; Resende, B.] Univ Mohammed 5, Fac Sci, Rabat 10000, Morocco.
[Bangert, A.; Christidi, I. A.; Damiani, D. S.; Dubbs, T.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hansl-Kozanecka, T.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.; Spencer, E.; Taylor, G.] CEA, DSM IRFU, Ctr Etud Saclay, FR-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Daly, C. H.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Kuykendall, W.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Policicchio, A.; Rosati, S.; Rothberg, J.; Tuts, M.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, SCIPP, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Daly, C. H.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Kuykendall, W.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Policicchio, A.; Rosati, S.; Rothberg, J.; Tuts, M.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Anastopoulos, C.; Booth, C. N.; Booth, P.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Harper, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Lehto, M.; Mayne, A.; Morgan, D.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Shaw, K.; Sutton, M. R.; Touchard, F.; Tsiareshka, P. V.; Xu, G.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England.
[Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Matsumoto, Nagano 3908621, Japan.
[Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Sipica, V.; Stahl, T.; Walkowiak, W.; Werthenbach, U.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
[Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Komaragiri, J. R.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer, B.; Troncon, C.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Aracena, I.; Assamagan, K.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Haas, A.; Horn, C.; Kenney, C. J.; Lowe, A. J.; Miller, D. W.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Su, D.; Wrona, B.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
[Batkovaa, L.; Federic, P.; Lovas, L.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zilka, B.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovakia.
[Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Dept Subnucl Phys, Inst Expt Phys, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia.
[Vickey, T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Vickey, T.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Bohm, C.; Clifft, R. W.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Hidvegi, A.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Lesser, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Ramstedt, M.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Twomey, M. S.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Clifft, R. W.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Ramstedt, M.; Sjolin, J.; Twomey, M. S.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Grahn, K. -J.; Lund-Jensen, B.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Ahmad, A.; Caramarcu, C.; Deluca, C.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Grimm, K.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Khodinov, A.; McCarthy, R. L.; Rijssen-Beek, M.; Stupak, J.; Tsuno, S.; Yurkewicz, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[De Santo, A.; Potter, C. J.; Salamon, A.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron Pevensey, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
[Lee, J. S. H.; Patel, N.; Peak, L. S.; Varvell, K. E.; Waugh, A. T.; Yamada, M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Chudoba, J.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Qing, D.; Ren, Z. L.; Aq, D. A. Soh; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhong, J.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
[Harpaz, S. Behar; Ben Ami, S.; Bressler, S.; Hershen-Horn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Landsman, H.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Tennenbaum-Katan, Y. D.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Kreisel, A.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Soffer, A.; Urbaniec, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Salnikov, A.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Div Nucl & Particle Phys, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
[Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Astbury, A.; Azuma, Y.; Ince, T.; Issever, C.; Kanaya, N.; Kaneda, M.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Koenig, S.; Kubota, T.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nomoto, H.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Rybkin, G.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Uchida, K.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Astbury, A.; Azuma, Y.; Dolezal, Z.; Ince, T.; Issever, C.; Kanaya, N.; Kaneda, M.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Koenig, S.; Kubota, T.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Ninomiya, Y.; Nomoto, H.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Rybkin, G.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Uchida, K.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.
[Jinnouchi, O.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Beare, B.; Brelier, B.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Le Maner, C.; Salzburger, A.; Tardif, D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, V.; Fortin, D.; Kurchaninova, L. L.; Losty, M. J.; Nugenta, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Tricoli, A.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Idarraga, J.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Hara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Uhrmacher, M.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan.
[Hamilton, S.; Mann, W. A.; Napier, A.; Rohne, O.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Navas, L. Mendoza; Navarro, G.; Romero, D. A. Roa; Dos Santos, D. Roda] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia.
[Avolio, G.; Benedict, B. H.; Bold, T.; Bondioli, M.; Ciocca, C.; Corso-Radu, A.; Deng, J.; Dobson, M.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Hawkins, D.; Kolos, S.; Lankford, A. J.; Garcia, R. Murillo; Okawa, H.; Porter, R.; Schernau, M.; Stancu, S. N.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Undrus, A.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Coccaro, A.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Suruliz, K.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, IT-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Acharya, B. S.; Coccaro, A.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Suruliz, K.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, IT-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Cauz, D.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Belanger-Champagne, C.; Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Hansen, C. J.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Costa, M. J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Ishii, K.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Sakamoto, H.; Solans, C. A.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valkar, S.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Voss, R.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, IFIC, Ctr Mixto, UVEG, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain.
[Amoros, G.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Lacasta, C.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Ros, E.; Sakamoto, H.; Solans, C. A.; Torro Pastor, E.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis & Mol & Nucl, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
[Ferrer, A.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ing Elect, E-46003 Valencia, Spain.
[Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Ishii, K.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Sakamoto, H.; Solans, C. A.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valkar, S.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Voss, R.; Wildauer, A.] IMB CNM CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
[Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Banerjee, Sw.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; McPherson, R. A.; Plamondon, M.; Poffenberger, P.; Sobie, R.; Taylor, R. P.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
[Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
[Alon, R.; Duchovni, E.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Fasching, D.; Ferguson, D.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Jared, R. C.; Ji, H.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Pan, Y. B.; Pataraia, S.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Peng, H.; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sanny, B.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, X.; Yabsley, B.; Zhu, Y.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Fleischmann, P.; Liebig, W.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Strohmer, R.; Traynor, D.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
[Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Dopke, J.; Drees, J.; Gorfine, G.; Grah, C.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Klier, A.; Kootz, A.; Lenzen, G.; Lepidis, J.; Salvucci, A.; Sandaker, H.; Santoni, C.; Schultes, J.; Siebel, A.; Thadome, J.; Wahlen, H.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich C, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany.
[Adelman, J.; Atoian, G.; Auerbach, B.; Baker, O. K.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Golling, T.; Hsu, P. J.; Kaplan, B.; Kastoryano, M.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Poblaguev, A.; Schmidt, M. P.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Grabski, V.; Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
TRIUMF, ATLAS Canada Tier 1 Data Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GridKA Tier 1 FZK, SCC, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
[Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, CNAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
NORDUnet AS, Nord Data Grid Facil, DK-2770 Kastrup, Denmark.
SARA Rek En Netwerkdiensten, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, Sci & Technol Facil Council, UK T1 RAL Tier 1, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, RHIC, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, ATLAS Comp Facil, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Aad, G (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, IT-00044 Frascati, Italy.
RI Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014;
Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Nasteva, Irina/M-8764-2014; Grinstein,
Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz,
Bilge/C-8179-2014; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Villaplana Perez,
Miguel/B-2717-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou,
Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; CARPENTIERI, CARMELA/E-2137-2015; Sukharev,
Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014;
Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Nemecek,
Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Lokajicek,
Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Marcisovsky,
Michal/H-1533-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Tomasek,
Lukas/G-6370-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; La Rosa,
Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko,
Igor/J-3659-2013; Inerge, Inct/J-8679-2013; Kartvelishvili,
Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci,
Elena/J-1596-2012; Kastoryano, Michael/L-6037-2013; Wolters,
Helmut/M-4154-2013; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Warburton,
Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; spagnolo,
stefania/A-6359-2012; Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra,
Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Cascella,
Michele/B-6156-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Amorim,
Antonio/C-8460-2013; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Annovi,
Alberto/G-6028-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao
/C-4391-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Casadei,
Diego/I-1785-2013; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Moorhead,
Gareth/B-6634-2009; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Wemans,
Andre/A-6738-2012; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige,
Hisaya/H-4916-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Rescia,
Sergio/D-8604-2011; Jakubek, Jan/E-6530-2011; Moraes,
Arthur/F-6478-2010; Kuzhir, Polina/H-8653-2012; Delmastro,
Marco/I-5599-2012; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Rotaru,
Marina/A-3097-2011; Nemecek, Stanislav/C-3487-2012; Szczygiel,
Robert/B-5662-2011; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Robson,
Aidan/G-1087-2011; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; St.Denis,
Richard/C-8997-2012; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Li, Xuefei/C-3861-2012;
Smirnova, Lidia/D-8089-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Gladilin,
Leonid/B-5226-2011; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Fazio, Salvatore
/G-5156-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Perrino,
Roberto/B-4633-2010; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; valente,
paolo/A-6640-2010; Di Domenico, Antonio/G-6301-2011; Losada,
Marta/B-2261-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Ferrando,
James/A-9192-2012; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Stoicea,
Gabriel/B-6717-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Wolter,
Marcin/A-7412-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Canelli,
Florencia/O-9693-2016; Battistoni, Giuseppe/B-5264-2012; Gauzzi,
Paolo/D-2615-2009; Idzik, Marek/A-2487-2017; Mashinistov,
Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Solodkov,
Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; SULIN,
VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; delagnes, eric/G-8782-2011; vasilyeva,
lidia/M-9569-2015; Popescu, Razvan/H-6521-2016; Samset, Bjorn
H./B-9248-2012; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Casado,
Pilar/H-1484-2015; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira,
Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Morone, Maria
Cristina/P-4407-2016; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Akimov,
Andrey/N-1769-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Konovalov,
Serguei/M-9505-2015; Polukhina, Natalia/E-1610-2014; Booth,
Christopher/B-5263-2016; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016;
Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016;
Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes
Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015;
Martins, Paulo/M-1844-2014; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Garcia, Jose
/H-6339-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer,
Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo,
Sergio/J-3957-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Tikhomirov,
Vladimir/M-6194-2015; kayumov, fred/M-6274-2015; Shmeleva,
Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015;
OI Prokofiev, Kirill/0000-0002-2177-6401; Filthaut,
Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; abi, babak/0000-0001-7036-9645; Carvalho,
Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Paoloni, Alessandro/0000-0002-4141-7799; sala,
paola/0000-0001-9859-5564; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592;
Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman,
Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Nasteva, Irina/0000-0001-7115-7214;
Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Lei,
Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413;
Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Livan,
Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886;
CARPENTIERI, CARMELA/0000-0002-2994-0317; O'Shea,
Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov,
Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048;
Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Tomasek,
Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142;
Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko,
Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Solfaroli Camillocci,
Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773;
Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489;
spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Della Pietra,
Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759;
Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326;
Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Brooks,
William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin,
Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549;
Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Wemans,
Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Rescia,
Sergio/0000-0003-2411-8903; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Kuzhir,
Polina/0000-0003-3689-0837; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805;
Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Rotaru,
Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Britton,
David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X;
Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Perrino,
Roberto/0000-0002-5764-7337; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Di
Domenico, Antonio/0000-0001-8078-2759; Doyle,
Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816;
Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357;
Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Farrington,
Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Weber,
Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Strube, Jan/0000-0001-7470-9301; Beck, Hans
Peter/0000-0001-7212-1096; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Cristinziani,
Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171; Chromek-Burckhart,
Doris/0000-0003-4243-3288; Zambrano, Valentina/0000-0001-6213-8126;
Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Cranmer, Kyle/0000-0002-5769-7094;
Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Thomson, Mark/0000-0002-2654-9005;
Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; CACCIA, MASSIMO/0000-0002-9499-678X;
Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Vari,
Riccardo/0000-0002-2814-1337; Chiarella, Vitaliano/0000-0002-4210-2924;
Nisati, Aleandro/0000-0002-5080-2293; Gray, Heather/0000-0002-5293-4716;
Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442;
Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Battistoni,
Giuseppe/0000-0003-3484-1724; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822;
Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Solodkov,
Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368;
Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399;
Bailey, David C/0000-0002-7970-7839; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167;
SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Popescu,
Razvan/0000-0003-1989-764X; Samset, Bjorn H./0000-0001-8013-1833;
Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Casado,
Pilar/0000-0002-0394-5646; Mora Herrera, Maria
Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738;
Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Morone, Maria
Cristina/0000-0002-0200-0632; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Booth,
Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz,
Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X;
Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton,
Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes
Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; Joergensen,
Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Martins, Paulo/0000-0003-3753-3751; Riu,
Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen,
John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304;
Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Camarri,
Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Belanger-Champagne,
Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617
NR 63
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 3
U2 73
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6044
EI 1434-6052
J9 EUR PHYS J C
JI Eur. Phys. J. C
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
AR 1512
DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-010-1512-2
PG 59
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 716AS
UT WOS:000286937900001
ER
PT J
AU Abramowicz, H
Abt, I
Adamczyk, L
Adamus, M
Aggarwal, R
Antonelli, S
Antonioli, P
Antonov, A
Arneodo, M
Aushev, V
Aushev, Y
Bachynska, O
Bamberger, A
Barakbaev, AN
Barbagli, G
Bari, G
Barreiro, F
Bartosik, N
Bartsch, D
Basile, M
Behnke, O
Behr, J
Behrens, U
Bellagamba, L
Bertolin, A
Bhadra, S
Bindi, M
Blohm, C
Bokhonov, V
Bold, T
Bolilyi, O
Boos, EG
Borras, K
Boscherini, D
Bot, D
Boutle, SK
Brock, I
Brownson, E
Brugnera, R
Brummer, N
Bruni, A
Bruni, G
Brzozowska, B
Bussey, PJ
Butterworth, JM
Bylsma, B
Caldwell, A
Capua, M
Carlin, R
Catterall, CD
Chekanov, S
Chwastowski, J
Ciborowski, J
Ciesielski, R
Cifarelli, L
Cindolo, F
Contin, A
Cooper-Sarkar, AM
Coppola, N
Corradi, M
Corriveau, F
Costa, M
D'Agostini, G
Dal Corso, F
del Peso, J
Dementiev, RK
De Pasquale, S
Derrick, M
Devenish, RCE
Dobur, D
Dolgoshein, BA
Dolinska, G
Doyle, AT
Drugakov, V
Durkin, LS
Dusini, S
Eisenberg, Y
Ermolov, PF
Eskreys, A
Fang, S
Fazio, S
Ferrando, J
Ferrero, MI
Figiel, J
Forrest, M
Foster, B
Fourletov, S
Gach, G
Galas, A
Gallo, E
Garfagnini, A
Geiser, A
Gialas, I
Gladilin, LK
Gladkov, D
Glasman, C
Gogota, O
Golubkov, YA
Goettlicher, P
Grabowska-Bold, I
Grebenyuk, J
Gregor, I
Grigorescu, G
Grzelak, G
Gueta, O
Gwenlan, C
Haas, T
Hain, W
Hamatsu, R
Hart, JC
Hartmann, H
Hartner, G
Hilger, E
Hochman, D
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Sartorelli, G
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Schleper, P
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Smith, WH
Sola, V
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Sosnovtsev, V
Spiridonov, A
Stadie, H
Stanco, L
Stern, A
Stewart, TP
Stifutkin, A
Stopa, P
Suchkov, S
Susinno, G
Suszycki, L
Sztuk-Dambietz, J
Szuba, D
Szuba, J
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Tassi, E
Terron, J
Theedt, T
Tiecke, H
Tokushuku, K
Tomalak, O
Tomaszewska, J
Tsurugai, T
Turcato, M
Tymieniecka, T
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Yamazaki, Y
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Zhautykov, BO
Zhmak, N
Zhou, C
Zichichi, A
Zolko, M
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Zulkapli, Z
AF Abramowicz, H.
Abt, I.
Adamczyk, L.
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Derrick, M.
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Hartmann, H.
Hartner, G.
Hilger, E.
Hochman, D.
Hori, R.
Horton, K.
Huetttmann, A.
Iacobucci, G.
Ibrahim, Z. A.
Iga, Y.
Ingbir, R.
Ishitsuka, M.
Jakob, H-P
Januschek, F.
Jimenez, M.
Jones, T. W.
Juengst, M.
Kadenko, I.
Kahle, B.
Kamaluddin, B.
Kananov, S.
Kanno, T.
Karshon, U.
Karstens, F.
Katkov, I. I.
Kaur, M.
Kaur, P.
Keramidas, A.
Khein, L. A.
Kim, J. Y.
Kisielewska, D.
Kitamura, S.
Klanner, R.
Klein, U.
Koffeman, E.
Kooijman, P.
Korol, I.
Korzhavina, I. A.
Kotanski, A.
Koetz, U.
Kowalski, H.
Kulinski, P.
Kuprash, O.
Kuze, M.
Lee, A.
Levchenko, B. B.
Levy, A.
Libov, V.
Limentani, S.
Ling, T. Y.
Lisovyi, M.
Lobodzinska, E.
Lohmann, W.
Loehr, B.
Lohrmann, E.
Loizides, J. H.
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Longhin, A.
Lontkovskyi, D.
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Makarenko, I.
Malka, J.
Mankel, R.
Margotti, A.
Marini, G.
Martin, J. F.
Mastroberardino, A.
Mattingly, M. C. K.
Melzer-Pellmann, I-A
Mergelmeyer, S.
Miglioranzi, S.
Idris, F. Mohamad
Monaco, V.
Montanari, A.
Morris, J. D.
Mujkic, K.
Musgrave, B.
Nagano, K.
Namsoo, T.
Nania, R.
Nicholass, D.
Nigro, A.
Ning, Y.
Noor, U.
Notz, D.
Nowak, R. J.
Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E.
Oh, B. Y.
Okazaki, N.
Oliver, K.
Olkiewicz, K.
Onishchuk, Y.
Papageorgiu, K.
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Paul, E.
Pawlak, J. M.
Pawlik, B.
Pelfer, P. G.
Pellegrino, A.
Perlanski, W.
Perrey, H.
Piotrzkowski, K.
Plucinski, P.
Pokrovskiy, N. S.
Polini, A.
Proskuryakov, A. S.
Przybycien, M.
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Reisert, B.
Ren, Z.
Repond, J.
Ri, Y. D.
Robertson, A.
Roloff, P.
Ron, E.
Rubinsky, I.
Ruspa, M.
Sacchi, R.
Salii, A.
Samson, U.
Sartorelli, G.
Savin, A. A.
Saxon, D. H.
Schioppa, M.
Schlenstedt, S.
Schleper, P.
Schmidke, W. B.
Schneekloth, U.
Schoenberg, V.
Schoerner-Sadenius, T.
Schwartz, J.
Sciulli, F.
Shcheglova, L. M.
Shehzadi, R.
Shimizu, S.
Singh, I.
Skillicorn, I. O.
Slominski, W.
Smith, W. H.
Sola, V.
Solano, A.
Son, D.
Sosnovtsev, V.
Spiridonov, A.
Stadie, H.
Stanco, L.
Stern, A.
Stewart, T. P.
Stifutkin, A.
Stopa, P.
Suchkov, S.
Susinno, G.
Suszycki, L.
Sztuk-Dambietz, J.
Szuba, D.
Szuba, J.
Tapper, A. D.
Tassi, E.
Terron, J.
Theedt, T.
Tiecke, H.
Tokushuku, K.
Tomalak, O.
Tomaszewska, J.
Tsurugai, T.
Turcato, M.
Tymieniecka, T.
Uribe-Estrada, C.
Vazquez, M.
Verbytskyi, A.
Viazlo, O.
Vlasov, N. N.
Volynets, O.
Walczak, R.
Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan
Whitmore, J. J.
Whyte, J.
Wiggers, L.
Wing, M.
Wlasenko, M.
Wolf, G.
Wolfe, H.
Wrona, K.
Yaguees-Molina, A. G.
Yamada, S.
Yamazaki, Y.
Yoshida, R.
Youngman, C.
Zarnecki, A. F.
Zawiejski, L.
Zenaiev, O.
Zeuner, W.
Zhautykov, B. O.
Zhmak, N.
Zhou, C.
Zichichi, A.
Zolko, M.
Zotkin, D. S.
Zulkapli, Z.
CA ZEUS Collaboration
TI Measurement of beauty production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
using decays into electrons
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
LA English
DT Article
ID H1 VERTEX DETECTOR; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION;
ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS;
O(ALPHA-S) CORRECTIONS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS;
PHOTOPRODUCTION
AB The production of beauty quarks in ep interactions has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA for exchanged four-momentum squared Q(2) > 10 GeV2, using an integrated luminosity of 363 pb(-1). The beauty events were identified using electrons from semileptonic b decays with a transverse momentum 0.9 < p(T)(e) < 8 GeV and pseudorapidity vertical bar eta(e)vertical bar < 1.5. Cross sections for beauty production were measured and compared with next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. The beauty contribution to the proton structure function F-2 was extracted from the double-differential cross section as a function of Bjorken-x and Q(2).
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RP Abramowicz, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM levy@alzt.tau.ac.il
RI Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Doyle,
Anthony/C-5889-2009; IBRAHIM, ZAINOL ABIDIN/C-1121-2010; Ferrando,
James/A-9192-2012; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Katkov,
Igor/E-2627-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov,
Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Korzhavina,
Irina/D-6848-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Suchkov,
Sergey/M-6671-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; dusini,
stefano/J-3686-2012;
OI Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816;
Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Katkov, Igor/0000-0003-3064-0466;
Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; De Pasquale,
Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664;
Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337
FU Warsaw University, Poland; DESY, Germany; Bogolyubov Institute for
Theoretical Physics of the National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine;
National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; Italian National
Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN); German Federal Ministry for
Education and Research (BMBF) [05 H09PDF, 05h09GUF]; Science and
Technology Facilities Council, UK; Malaysian government; US National
Science Foundation; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
[DPN/N188/DESY/2009]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 676];
Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
(MEXT); Korean Ministry of Education and Korea Science and Engineering
Foundation; FNRS; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; CICYT; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); RF [N
41-42.2010.2]; Russian Ministry of Education and Science; Netherlands
Foundation for Research on Matter (FOM); Israel Science Foundation; [1
P03B 04529]
FX Supported by the research grant No. 1 P03B 04529 (2005-2008).; Partially
supported by Warsaw University, Poland.; Supported by DESY, Germany.;
Supported by the Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of the
National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine.; This material was based on work
supported by the National Science Foundation, while working at the
Foundation.; Supported by the US Department of Energy.; Supported by the
Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).; Supported by the
German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), under
contract No. 05 H09PDF.; Supported by the Science and Technology
Facilities Council, UK.; Supported by an FRGS grant from the Malaysian
government.; Supported by the US National Science Foundation. Any
opinion, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation.; Supported by the Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education as a scientific project No.
DPN/N188/DESY/2009.; Supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and
Higher Education as a scientific project (2009-2010).; Supported by the
German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), under
contract No. 05h09GUF, and the SFB 676 of the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).; Supported by the Japanese Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and its grants
for Scientific Research.; Supported by the Korean Ministry of Education
and Korea Science and Engineering Foundation.; Supported by FNRS and its
associated funds (IISN and FRIA) and by an Inter-University Attraction
Poles Programme subsidised by the Belgian Federal Science Policy
Office.; Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science
through funds provided by CICYT.; Supported by the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).; Supported by RF
Presidential grant N 41-42.2010.2 for the Leading Scientific Schools and
by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science through its grant for
Scientific Research on High Energy Physics.; Supported by the
Netherlands Foundation for Research on Matter (FOM).; Supported by the
Israel Science Foundation.
NR 68
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6044
EI 1434-6052
J9 EUR PHYS J C
JI Eur. Phys. J. C
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
AR 1573
DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-011-1573-x
PG 15
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 778HI
UT WOS:000291694100026
ER
PT J
AU Brambilla, N
Eidelman, S
Heltsley, BK
Vogt, R
Bodwin, GT
Eichten, E
Frawley, AD
Meyer, AB
Mitchell, RE
Papadimitriou, V
Petreczky, P
Petrov, AA
Robbe, P
Vairo, A
Andronic, A
Arnaldi, R
Artoisenet, P
Bali, G
Bertolin, A
Bettoni, D
Brodzicka, J
Bruno, GE
Caldwell, A
Catmore, J
Chang, CH
Chao, KT
Chudakov, E
Cortese, P
Crochet, P
Drutskoy, A
Ellwanger, U
Faccioli, P
Mokhtar, AG
Tormo, XGI
Hanhart, C
Harris, FA
Kaplan, DM
Klein, SR
Kowalski, H
Lansberg, JP
Levichev, E
Lombardo, V
Lourenco, C
Maltoni, F
Mocsy, A
Mussa, R
Navarra, FS
Negrini, M
Nielsen, M
Olsen, SL
Pakhlov, P
Pakhlova, G
Peters, K
Polosa, AD
Qian, W
Qiu, JW
Rong, G
Sanchis-Lozano, MA
Scomparin, E
Senger, P
Simon, F
Stracka, S
Sumino, Y
Voloshin, M
Weiss, C
Wohri, HK
Yuan, CZ
AF Brambilla, N.
Eidelman, S.
Heltsley, B. K.
Vogt, R.
Bodwin, G. T.
Eichten, E.
Frawley, A. D.
Meyer, A. B.
Mitchell, R. E.
Papadimitriou, V.
Petreczky, P.
Petrov, A. A.
Robbe, P.
Vairo, A.
Andronic, A.
Arnaldi, R.
Artoisenet, P.
Bali, G.
Bertolin, A.
Bettoni, D.
Brodzicka, J.
Bruno, G. E.
Caldwell, A.
Catmore, J.
Chang, C. -H.
Chao, K. -T.
Chudakov, E.
Cortese, P.
Crochet, P.
Drutskoy, A.
Ellwanger, U.
Faccioli, P.
Mokhtar, A. Gabareen
Garcia i Tormo, X.
Hanhart, C.
Harris, F. A.
Kaplan, D. M.
Klein, S. R.
Kowalski, H.
Lansberg, J. -P.
Levichev, E.
Lombardo, V.
Lourenco, C.
Maltoni, F.
Mocsy, A.
Mussa, R.
Navarra, F. S.
Negrini, M.
Nielsen, M.
Olsen, S. L.
Pakhlov, P.
Pakhlova, G.
Peters, K.
Polosa, A. D.
Qian, W.
Qiu, J. -W.
Rong, G.
Sanchis-Lozano, M. A.
Scomparin, E.
Senger, P.
Simon, F.
Stracka, S.
Sumino, Y.
Voloshin, M.
Weiss, C.
Woehri, H. K.
Yuan, C. -Z.
TI Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
LA English
DT Review
ID B-C MESON; PRODUCTION NEAR-THRESHOLD; QCD SUM-RULES; PROTON-NUCLEUS
COLLISIONS; OBSERVED CROSS-SECTIONS; TO-LEADING-ORDER; VACUUM
POLARIZATION FUNCTION; FIXED-TARGET EXPERIMENTS; EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY;
PLUS AU COLLISIONS
AB A golden age for heavy-quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau-Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly found conventional states expanded to include h(c)(1P), chi(c2)(2P), B-c(+), and eta(b)(1S). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X(3872) has been joined by more than a dozen other charmonium- and bottomonium-like "XYZ" states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, and b (c) over bar bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrial-strength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.
C1 [Brambilla, N.; Vairo, A.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Eidelman, S.; Levichev, E.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Eidelman, S.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Heltsley, B. K.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Vogt, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Vogt, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bodwin, G. T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Eichten, E.; Papadimitriou, V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frawley, A. D.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Meyer, A. B.; Kowalski, H.] Deutsch Elektronensynchrotron DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
[Mitchell, R. E.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Petreczky, P.; Qiu, J. -W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Petrov, A. A.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
[Robbe, P.; Qian, W.] CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France.
[Robbe, P.; Qian, W.] Univ Paris 11, Ctr Sci Orsay, F-91898 Orsay, France.
[Andronic, A.; Peters, K.; Senger, P.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Arnaldi, R.; Cortese, P.; Mussa, R.; Scomparin, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Artoisenet, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Bali, G.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
[Bertolin, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Bettoni, D.; Negrini, M.] Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Bettoni, D.; Negrini, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Brodzicka, J.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland.
[Bruno, G. E.] Univ Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Bruno, G. E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Caldwell, A.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
[Catmore, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England.
[Chang, C. -H.] CCAST World Lab, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Chang, C. -H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Chao, K. -T.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Chudakov, E.; Weiss, C.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Crochet, P.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Clermont Univ, CNRS IN2P3, LPC, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Drutskoy, A.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Ellwanger, U.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Phys Theor Lab, Unit Mixte Rech,UMR 8627, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Faccioli, P.] LIP, P-1000149 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Mokhtar, A. Gabareen] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
[Garcia i Tormo, X.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada.
[Hanhart, C.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Hadron Phys, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Hanhart, C.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Harris, F. A.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kaplan, D. M.] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Klein, S. R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lansberg, J. -P.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Lansberg, J. -P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Ctr Phys Theor, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Lombardo, V.; Stracka, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Lourenco, C.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
[Maltoni, F.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Ctr Cosmol Particle Phys & Phenomenol, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
[Mocsy, A.] Pratt Inst, Dept Math & Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11205 USA.
[Navarra, F. S.; Nielsen, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Olsen, S. L.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul, South Korea.
[Pakhlov, P.; Pakhlova, G.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia.
[Polosa, A. D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Qian, W.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Qiu, J. -W.] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Rong, G.; Yuan, C. -Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Sanchis-Lozano, M. A.] Ctr Mixto Univ Valencia CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia 46100, Spain.
[Sanchis-Lozano, M. A.] Ctr Mixto Univ Valencia CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, Valencia 46100, Spain.
[Simon, F.] Tech Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, D-8046 Garching, Germany.
[Stracka, S.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Sumino, Y.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Voloshin, M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, William I Fine Theoret Phys Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Brambilla, N (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, James Franck Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM bkh2@cornell.edu
RI Petrov, Alexey/F-2882-2010; Cortese, Pietro/G-6754-2012; Negrini,
Matteo/C-8906-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Brambilla,
Nora/O-9943-2015; Stracka, Simone/M-3931-2015; Pakhlov,
Pavel/K-2158-2013; Nielsen, Marina/F-5625-2012; Drutskoy,
Alexey/C-8833-2016; Pakhlova, Galina/C-5378-2014;
OI Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218;
Stracka, Simone/0000-0003-0013-4714; Pakhlov, Pavel/0000-0001-7426-4824;
Drutskoy, Alexey/0000-0003-4524-0422; Pakhlova,
Galina/0000-0001-7518-3022; Yuan, Chang-Zheng/0000-0002-1652-6686; Bali,
Gunnar/0000-0003-0242-5857; Lansberg, Jean-Philippe/0000-0003-2746-5986;
Faccioli, Pietro/0000-0003-1849-6692; Polosa, Antonio
Davide/0000-0002-0684-4082; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071; Hanhart,
Christoph/0000-0002-3509-2473
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-91-ER40690, DE-AC02-06-CH11357,
DE-AC05-06-OR23177, DE-AC02-07-CH11359]; DOE by the Fermi Research
Alliance, LLC [DE-FG02-91-ER40676, DE-AC02-76-SF00515,
DE-AC02-05-CH11231, DE-AC02-98-CH10886, DE-FG02-96-ER41005,
DE-AC52-07-NA27344f, DE-FG02-94-ER40823]; German Research Foundation
(DFG) Collaborative Research Center; European Union Research Executive
Agency (REA) Marie Curie Initial Training Network [PITN-GA-2009-238353];
European Union Marie Curie Research Training Network (RTN) Flavianet
[MRTN-CT-2006-035482]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [GZ 436 RUS
113/769/0-3, SFB/TR 16, 436 RUS 113/991/0-1]; Polish Ministry of Science
and Higher Education; National Natural Science Foundation of China
(NSFC) [10875155, 10847001, 10721063, 10920101072, 10845003, 10775412,
10825524, 10935008]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China
[2009CB825200]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)
[08-02-13516, 08-02-91969]; US National Science Foundation (NSF)
[PHY-07-56474, PHY-05-47794, PHY-05-55660]; Science and Engineering
Research Canada (NSERC); Helmholtz Association; virtual institute Spin
and strong QCD [VH-VI-231]; European Community [227431]; European Union;
Belgian American Educational Foundation; Francqui Foundation; Belgian
Federal Science Policy [IAP 6/11]; Brazil National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Foundation for Research
Support of the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Research Foundation
of Korea [R32-2008-000-10155-0]; Ministry of Education and Science of
the Russian Federation; State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom";
France-China Particle Physics Laboratory (FCPPL); French National
Research Agency (ANR) [BcLHCb ANR-07-JCJC-0146]; Spanish Ministry of
Science and Innovation (MICNN) [FPA2008-02878]; Generalitat Valenciana
[GVPROMETEO2010-056]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
(FCT) [SFRH/BPD/42343/2007, SFRH/BPD/42138/2007]
FX The authors appreciate and acknowledge support for work on this document
provided, in part or in whole, by; the US Department of Energy (DOE),
under contracts DE-FG02-91-ER40690 (P. Artoisenet), DE-AC02-06-CH11357
(G. T. Bodwin), DE-AC05-06-OR23177 (E. Chudakov and C. Weiss)
DE-AC02-07-CH11359, through FNAL, which is operated for DOE by the Fermi
Research Alliance, LLC, under Grant No. DE-FG02-91-ER40676 (E. Eichten
and V. Papadimitriou), DE-AC02-76-SF00515 (A. Gabareen Mokhtar and J.P.
Lansberg), DE-AC02-05-CH11231 (S.R. Klein), DE-AC02-98-CH10886 (P.
Petreczky and J.W. Qiu), DE-FG02-96-ER41005 (A.A. Petrov),
DE-AC52-07-NA27344f (R. Vogt), and DE-FG02-94-ER40823 (M. Voloshin);;
the German Research Foundation (DFG) Collaborative Research Center 55
(SFB) and the European Union Research Executive Agency (REA) Marie Curie
Initial Training Network (www.physik.uni-regensburg.de/STRONGnet), under
Grant Agreement PITN-GA-2009-238353 (G. Bali);; the European Union Marie
Curie Research Training Network (RTN) Flavianet, under Contract
MRTN-CT-2006-035482, and the German Research Foundation (DFG) Cluster of
Excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe
(www.universe-cluster.de) (N. Brambilla and A. Vairo);; the Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education (J. Brodzicka);; the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants; 10875155 and
10847001 (C.-H. Chang), 10721063 (K.-T. Chao), 10920101072 and 10845003
(W. Qian), and 10775412, 10825524, and 10935008 (C.-Z. Yuan);; the
Ministry of Science and Technology of China, under Grant 2009CB825200
(K.-T. Chao);; The German Research Foundation (DFG) under grant GZ 436
RUS 113/769/0-3 and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)
under grants 08-02-13516 and 08-02-91969 (S. Eidelman);; the US National
Science Foundation (NSF), under contracts PHY-07-56474 (A.D. Frawley),
PHY-07-58312 and PHY-09-70024 (B.K. Heltsley), CAREER Award PHY-05-47794
(A. Petrov), and PHY-05-55660 (R. Vogt);; Science and Engineering
Research Canada (NSERC) (X. Garcia i Tormo);; the Helmholtz Association,
through funds provided to the virtual institute Spin and strong QCD
(VH-VI-231), the German Research Foundation (DFG) (under grants SFB/TR
16 and 436 RUS 113/991/0-1) and the European Community-Research
Infrastructure Integrating Activity Study of Strongly Interacting Matter
(acronym HadronPhysics2, Grant Agreement 227431) under the European
Union Seventh Framework Programme (C. Hanhart);; the Belgian American
Educational Foundation and the Francqui Foundation (J.P. Lansberg);; the
Belgian Federal Science Policy (IAP 6/11) (F. Maltoni);; the Brazil
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and
Foundation for Research Support of the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP) (F.S.
Navarra and M. Nielson);; the World Class University (WCU) project of
the National Research Foundation of Korea, under contract
R32-2008-000-10155-0 (S. Olsen);; the Ministry of Education and Science
of the Russian Federation and the State Atomic Energy Corporation
"Rosatom" (P. Pakhlov and G. Pakhlova);; the France-China Particle
Physics Laboratory (FCPPL) (W. Qian); the French National Research
Agency (ANR) under Contract "BcLHCb ANR-07-JCJC-0146" (P. Robbe);; the
Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICNN), under grant
FPA2008-02878 and Generalitat Valenciana under grant GVPROMETEO2010-056
(M.A. Sanchis-Lozano);; the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT), under contracts SFRH/BPD/42343/2007 and
SFRH/BPD/42138/2007 (P. Faccioli and H.K. Wohri)
NR 1103
TC 689
Z9 698
U1 20
U2 152
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6044
EI 1434-6052
J9 EUR PHYS J C
JI Eur. Phys. J. C
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 2
AR 1534
DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-010-1534-9
PG 178
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 778HI
UT WOS:000291694100001
ER
PT J
AU Liang, WG
Ouyang, SY
Shaw, N
Joachimiak, A
Zhang, RG
Liu, ZJ
AF Liang, Wenguang
Ouyang, Songying
Shaw, Neil
Joachimiak, Andrzej
Zhang, Rongguang
Liu, Zhi-Jie
TI Conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate: new
insights from structural and biochemical studies on human RPE
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE oxidative stress; pentose phospate pathway; metalloenzyme
ID PENTOSE-PHOSPHATE PATHWAY; ENZYME D-RIBULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE 3-EPIMERASE;
SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MECHANISM; CHLOROPLASTS; REFINEMENT; PROTECTION
AB The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) confers protection against oxidative stress by supplying NADPH necessary for the regeneration of glutathione, which detoxifies H(2)O(2) into H(2)O and O(2). RPE functions in the PPP, catalyzing the reversible conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate and is an important enzyme for cellular response against oxidative stress. Here, using structural, biochemical, and functional studies, we show that human D-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (hRPE) uses Fe(2+) for catalysis. Structures of the binary complexes of hRPE with D-ribulose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate provide the first detailed molecular insights into the binding mode of physiological ligands and reveal an octahedrally coordinated Fe(2+) ion buried deep inside the active site. Human RPE folds into a typical (beta/alpha)(8) triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel with a loop regulating access to the active site. Two aspartic acids are well positioned to carry out the proton transfers in an acid-base type of reaction mechanism. Interestingly, mutating Ser-10 to alanine almost abolished the enzymatic activity, while L12A and M72A mutations resulted in an almost 50% decrease in the activity. The binary complexes of hRPE reported here will aid in the design of small molecules for modulating the activity of the enzyme and altering flux through the PPP. -Liang, W., Ouyang, S., Shaw, N., Joachimiak, A., Zhang, R., Liu, Z-J. Conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate: new insights from structural and biochemical studies on human RPE. FASEB J. 25, 497-504 (2011). www.fasebj.org
C1 [Liang, Wenguang; Ouyang, Songying; Shaw, Neil; Zhang, Rongguang; Liu, Zhi-Jie] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Inst Biophys, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Liang, Wenguang] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Inst Biophys, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM zjliu@ibp.ac.cn
RI Liu, Zhi-Jie/A-3946-2012
OI Liu, Zhi-Jie/0000-0001-7279-2893
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2006AA02A316, 2009DFB30310,
2006CB910901]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30670427,
30721003]; Ministry of Health of China [2008ZX10404]; Chinese Academy of
Sciences (CAS) [KSCX2-YW-R-127, INFO-115-D01-2009]; CAS [2010Y1SA1]
FX The authors thank Dr. Keming Tan (Structural Biology Center, Argonne
National Laboratory) for the help in collecting anomalous data at the
edge of Fe. This work was funded by the Ministry of Science and
Technology of China (grants 2006AA02A316, 2009DFB30310, and
2006CB910901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants
30670427 and 30721003), the Ministry of Health of China (grant
2008ZX10404), a Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) research grant
(KSCX2-YW-R-127 and INFO-115-D01-2009), and a CAS fellowship for young
international scientists (grant 2010Y1SA1). Crystallographic data were
collected at beamline 19-ID of APS (Argonne National Laboratory).
NR 26
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U1 0
U2 7
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 497
EP 504
DI 10.1096/fj.10-171207
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA 713GZ
UT WOS:000286724800008
PM 20923965
ER
PT J
AU Sprague, MA
Weidman, PD
AF Sprague, Michael A.
Weidman, Patrick D.
TI Three-dimensional flow induced by the torsional motion of a cylinder
SO FLUID DYNAMICS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID WALL-JET; TUBE
AB The flow induced outside a highly flexible cylindrical sheet executing pure torsional motion is studied. The problem is governed by the torsional Reynolds number R = gamma a(2)/nu, where gamma is the axial rate of rotation, a is the cylinder radius and nu is the fluid kinematic viscosity. An interesting feature of this problem is that the axial pressure gradient of the primary flow induces a weak transverse flow in the meridional plane. The axial component of this motion takes the form of a wall jet. The high Reynolds number asymptotics for the shear stress parameters and the radially entrained flow are presented and compared with full numerical results computed over the large range of Reynolds numbers 10(-2) <= R <= 10(6).
C1 [Sprague, Michael A.] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
[Weidman, Patrick D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sprague, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Michael.A.Sprague@nrel.gov; weidman@colorado.edu
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5983
J9 FLUID DYN RES
JI Fluid Dyn. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 1
AR 015501
DI 10.1088/0169-5983/43/1/015501
PG 12
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 714ID
UT WOS:000286801800001
ER
PT J
AU Solunke, RD
Veser, G
AF Solunke, Rahul D.
Veser, Goetz
TI Integrating desulfurization with CO2-capture in chemical-looping
combustion
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical looping combustion; CO2 capture; Desulfurization; Process
intensification
ID OXYGEN CARRIER; DEEP DESULFURIZATION; IRON-OXIDE; CATALYTIC COMBUSTION;
CARBON DEPOSITION; COPPER-OXIDE; REDUCTION; REACTIVITY; SUPPORTS;
BEHAVIOR
AB Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an emerging technology for clean combustion. We have previously demonstrated that the embedding of metal nanoparticles into a nanostructured ceramic matrix can result in unusually active and sinter-resistant nanocomposite oxygen carrier materials for CLC which maintain high reactivity and high-temperature stability even when sulfur contaminated fuels are used in CLC. Here, we propose a novel process scheme for in situ desulfurization of syngas with simultaneous CO2-capture in chemical looping combustion by using these robust nanocomposite oxygen carriers simultaneously as sulfur-capture materials. We found that a nanocomposite Cu-BHA carrier can indeed strongly reduce the H2S concentration in the fuel reactor effluent. However, during the process the support matrix is also sulfidized and takes part in the redox process of CLC. This results in SO2 production during the reduction of the oxygen carrier and thus limits the degree of desulfurization attainable with this kind of carrier. Nevertheless, the results suggest that simultaneous desulfurization and CO2 capture in CLC is feasible with Cu as oxygen carrier as long as appropriate carrier support materials are chosen, and could result in a novel, strongly intensified process for low-emission, high efficiency combustion of sulfur contaminated fuel streams. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Veser, Goetz] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Swanson Sch Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Veser, G (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Swanson Sch Engn, 1249 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
EM gveser@pitt.edu
RI Veser, Goetz/I-5727-2013
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-AC26-04NT41817]; DOE-NETL;
University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering
FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy
Technology Laboratory's on-going research under the RDS contract
DE-AC26-04NT41817. G.V. also gratefully acknowledges faculty fellowships
from DOE-NETL and the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of
Engineering.
NR 33
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U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 90
IS 2
BP 608
EP 617
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.09.039
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 683FZ
UT WOS:000284458900021
ER
PT J
AU Fox, BR
Sun, AW
Dauer, HB
Male, JL
Stewart, ML
Tyler, DR
AF Fox, Brandy R.
Sun, Alexander W.
Dauer, Helen B.
Male, Jonathan L.
Stewart, Mark L.
Tyler, David R.
TI Enhanced oxidative desulfurization of model fuels using a film-shear
reactor
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Desulfurization; Film-shear reactor; Sulfur heterocycles; Peroxides;
Oxidation
ID DEEP DESULFURIZATION; DIESEL FUEL; SELECTIVE ADSORPTION; JET FUEL;
SULFUR; CATALYST; HYDRODESULFURIZATION; DIBENZOTHIOPHENE; EXTRACTION;
DISTILLATE
AB A film-shear reactor was used to enhance the oxidative desulfurization of thiophenes in fuels. With selected conditions, one pass of a model fuel through the film-shear reactor provided up to 55% removal of benzothiophene in only seconds at temperatures as low as 10 degrees C. Recirculation experiments showed that, if the flow rate and all other experimental parameters were held constant, the extent of thiophene removal increased as the residence time increased. Experiments using various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and different fuel: oxidant ratios showed that, above a minimum amount, an increase in oxidant concentration did not lead to increased thiophene removal. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fox, Brandy R.; Sun, Alexander W.; Dauer, Helen B.; Tyler, David R.] Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Male, Jonathan L.; Stewart, Mark L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Tyler, DR (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
EM dtyler@uoregon.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0231997]; Army Research Laboratory
[W911NF-07-2-0083]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Jeffrey C. Raber at KinetiChem,
Inc. who provided substantial technical assistance and consultation.
Funding for this research was provided by the National Science
Foundation (DGE-0231997) and the Army Research Laboratory
(W911NF-07-2-0083).
NR 22
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U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 90
IS 2
BP 898
EP 901
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.10.023
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 683FZ
UT WOS:000284458900058
ER
PT J
AU Riddle, NC
Minoda, A
Kharchenko, PV
Alekseyenko, AA
Schwartz, YB
Tolstorukov, MY
Gorchakov, AA
Jaffe, JD
Kennedy, C
Linder-Basso, D
Peach, SE
Shanower, G
Zheng, HY
Kuroda, MI
Pirrotta, V
Park, PJ
Elgin, SCR
Karpen, GH
AF Riddle, Nicole C.
Minoda, Aki
Kharchenko, Peter V.
Alekseyenko, Artyom A.
Schwartz, Yuri B.
Tolstorukov, Michael Y.
Gorchakov, Andrey A.
Jaffe, Jacob D.
Kennedy, Cameron
Linder-Basso, Daniela
Peach, Sally E.
Shanower, Gregory
Zheng, Haiyan
Kuroda, Mitzi I.
Pirrotta, Vincenzo
Park, Peter J.
Elgin, Sarah C. R.
Karpen, Gary H.
TI Plasticity in patterns of histone modifications and chromosomal proteins
in Drosophila heterochromatin
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITION-EFFECT VARIEGATION; MELANOGASTER POLYTENE CHROMOSOMES;
EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; INTERCALARY HETEROCHROMATIN; CHROMATIN
MODIFICATIONS; EPIGENETIC REGULATION; CHROMODOMAIN PROTEIN; FUNCTIONAL
ELEMENTS; DOSAGE COMPENSATION; RNA INTERFERENCE
AB Eukaryotic genomes are packaged in two basic forms, euchromatin and heterochromatin. We have examined the composition and organization of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin in different cell types using ChIP-array analysis of histone modifications and chromosomal proteins. As anticipated, the pericentric heterochromatin and chromosome 4 are on average enriched for the "silencing" marks H3K9me2, H3K9me3, HP1a, and SU(VAR)3-9, and are generally depleted for marks associated with active transcription. The locations of the euchromatin-heterochromatin borders identified by these marks are similar in animal tissues and most cell lines, although the amount of heterochromatin is variable in some cell lines. Combinatorial analysis of chromatin patterns reveals distinct profiles for euchromatin, pericentric heterochromatin, and the 4th chromosome. Both silent and active protein-coding genes in heterochromatin display complex patterns of chromosomal proteins and histone modifications; a majority of the active genes exhibit both "activation" marks (e. g., H3K4me3 and H3K36me3) and "silencing" marks (e. g., H3K9me2 and HP1a). The hallmark of active genes in heterochromatic domains appears to be a loss of H3K9 methylation at the transcription start site. We also observe complex epigenomic profiles of intergenic regions, repeated transposable element (TE) sequences, and genes in the heterochromatic extensions. An unexpectedly large fraction of sequences in the euchromatic chromosome arms exhibits a heterochromatic chromatin signature, which differs in size, position, and impact on gene expression among cell types. We conclude that patterns of heterochromatin/euchromatin packaging show greater complexity and plasticity than anticipated. This comprehensive analysis provides a foundation for future studies of gene activity and chromosomal functions that are influenced by or dependent upon heterochromatin.
C1 [Riddle, Nicole C.; Elgin, Sarah C. R.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Minoda, Aki; Kennedy, Cameron; Karpen, Gary H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Minoda, Aki; Kennedy, Cameron; Karpen, Gary H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kharchenko, Peter V.; Tolstorukov, Michael Y.; Park, Peter J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Informat, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kharchenko, Peter V.; Tolstorukov, Michael Y.; Park, Peter J.] Childrens Hosp, Informat Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Alekseyenko, Artyom A.; Gorchakov, Andrey A.; Kuroda, Mitzi I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Alekseyenko, Artyom A.; Gorchakov, Andrey A.; Kuroda, Mitzi I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med,Div Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Schwartz, Yuri B.; Linder-Basso, Daniela; Shanower, Gregory; Pirrotta, Vincenzo] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08901 USA.
[Schwartz, Yuri B.] Umea Univ, Dept Mol Biol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden.
[Jaffe, Jacob D.; Peach, Sally E.] Broad Inst, Prote Grp, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Zheng, Haiyan] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Elgin, SCR (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM selgin@biology.wustl.edu; karpen@fruitfly.org
RI Gorchakov, Andrey/N-5840-2015; Minoda, Aki/D-5335-2017
OI Gorchakov, Andrey/0000-0003-2830-4236; Minoda, Aki/0000-0002-2927-5791
FU NIH; NHGRI [U01HG004258, R21-DA025720]
FX We thank NIH and the NHGRI modENCODE project (U01HG004258 and
R21-DA025720) for their support. We thank Sarah Gadel and Sarah
Marchetti (Washington University) for technical assistance, and Dave
MacAlpine (Duke University) and Sue Celniker (LBNL) for sharing their
modENCODE data prior to publication. We thank the staff of the Bionomics
Research and Technology Center of Rutgers University where the
microarray processing and scanning were carried out. We also thank Sasha
Langley and Serafin Colmenares for insightful comments that improved
this manuscript.
NR 83
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U2 7
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 147
EP 163
DI 10.1101/gr.110098.110
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 714IU
UT WOS:000286804100001
PM 21177972
ER
PT J
AU Hoskins, RA
Landolin, JM
Brown, JB
Sandler, JE
Takahashi, H
Lassmann, T
Yu, C
Booth, BW
Zhang, DY
Wan, KH
Yang, L
Boley, N
Andrews, J
Kaufman, TC
Graveley, BR
Bickel, PJ
Carninci, P
Carlson, JW
Celniker, SE
AF Hoskins, Roger A.
Landolin, Jane M.
Brown, James B.
Sandler, Jeremy E.
Takahashi, Hazuki
Lassmann, Timo
Yu, Charles
Booth, Benjamin W.
Zhang, Dayu
Wan, Kenneth H.
Yang, Li
Boley, Nathan
Andrews, Justen
Kaufman, Thomas C.
Graveley, Brenton R.
Bickel, Peter J.
Carninci, Piero
Carlson, Joseph W.
Celniker, Susan E.
TI Genome-wide analysis of promoter architecture in Drosophila melanogaster
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID FULL-LENGTH CDNAS; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; RNA; IDENTIFICATION;
SEQUENCE; GENES; CAP; EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS
AB Core promoters are critical regions for gene regulation in higher eukaryotes. However, the boundaries of promoter regions, the relative rates of initiation at the transcription start sites (TSSs) distributed within them, and the functional significance of promoter architecture remain poorly understood. We produced a high-resolution map of promoters active in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo by integrating data from three independent and complementary methods: 21 million cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) tags, 1.2 million RNA ligase mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RLM-RACE) reads, and 50,000 cap-trapped expressed sequence tags (ESTs). We defined 12,454 promoters of 8037 genes. Our analysis indicates that, due to non-promoter-associated RNA background signal, previous studies have likely overestimated the number of promoter-associated CAGE clusters by fivefold. We show that TSS distributions form a complex continuum of shapes, and that promoters active in the embryo and adult have highly similar shapes in 95% of cases. This suggests that these distributions are generally determined by static elements such as local DNA sequence and are not modulated by dynamic signals such as histone modifications. Transcription factor binding motifs are differentially enriched as a function of promoter shape, and peaked promoter shape is correlated with both temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression. Our results contribute to the emerging view that core promoters are functionally diverse and control patterning of gene expression in Drosophila and mammals.
C1 [Hoskins, Roger A.; Landolin, Jane M.; Sandler, Jeremy E.; Yu, Charles; Booth, Benjamin W.; Wan, Kenneth H.; Carlson, Joseph W.; Celniker, Susan E.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, James B.; Boley, Nathan; Bickel, Peter J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Takahashi, Hazuki; Lassmann, Timo; Carninci, Piero] RIKEN, Yokohama Inst, Om Sci Ctr, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan.
[Zhang, Dayu; Andrews, Justen; Kaufman, Thomas C.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Zhang, Dayu] Indiana Univ, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Yang, Li; Graveley, Brenton R.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA.
RP Celniker, SE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM celniker@fruitfly.org
RI Phelps, Steve/H-2263-2011; Graveley, Brenton/C-3108-2013; Lassmann,
Timo/A-8271-2008; Carninci, Piero/K-1568-2014; Brown, James/H-2971-2015;
OI Lassmann, Timo/0000-0002-0138-2691; Carninci, Piero/0000-0001-7202-7243;
Graveley, Brenton/0000-0001-5777-5892
FU National Human Genome Research Institute under Department of Energy [U01
HG004271, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank the members of the modENCODE Drosophila Trancriptome Group for
helpful discussion. We thank Elaine Mardis and the Washington University
Genome Sequencing Center for Roche 454 FLX library construction and
sequencing services and Leath Tonkin and the QB3 Sequencing Laboratory
at the University of California, Berkeley for support and access to a
Roche 454 FLX Titanium instrument. We thank Joel Rozowsky for useful
discussion of CAGE data and Ann Hammonds for critical reading of the
manuscript. This work was funded by an award from the National Human
Genome Research Institute modENCODE Project (U01 HG004271) to S.E.C.
under Department of Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 44
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U2 18
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 182
EP 192
DI 10.1101/gr.112466.110
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 714IU
UT WOS:000286804100004
PM 21177961
ER
PT J
AU Liu, T
Rechtsteiner, A
Egelhofer, TA
Vielle, A
Latorre, I
Cheung, MS
Ercan, S
Ikegami, K
Jensen, M
Kolasinska-Zwierz, P
Rosenbaum, H
Shin, HJ
Taing, S
Takasaki, T
Iniguez, AL
Desai, A
Dernburg, AF
Kimura, H
Lieb, JD
Ahringer, J
Strome, S
Liu, XS
AF Liu, Tao
Rechtsteiner, Andreas
Egelhofer, Thea A.
Vielle, Anne
Latorre, Isabel
Cheung, Ming-Sin
Ercan, Sevinc
Ikegami, Kohta
Jensen, Morten
Kolasinska-Zwierz, Paulina
Rosenbaum, Heidi
Shin, Hyunjin
Taing, Scott
Takasaki, Teruaki
Iniguez, A. Leonardo
Desai, Arshad
Dernburg, Abby F.
Kimura, Hiroshi
Lieb, Jason D.
Ahringer, Julie
Strome, Susan
Liu, X. Shirley
TI Broad chromosomal domains of histone modification patterns in C. elegans
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; EPIGENETIC REGULATION; METHYLATION STATES;
X-CHROMOSOMES; HUMAN GENOME; CHROMATIN; SYNAPSIS; REPRESSION;
METHYLTRANSFERASE; HETEROCHROMATIN
AB Chromatin immunoprecipitation identifies specific interactions between genomic DNA and proteins, advancing our understanding of gene-level and chromosome-level regulation. Based on chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments using validated antibodies, we define the genome-wide distributions of 19 histone modifications, one histone variant, and eight chromatin-associated proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos and L3 larvae. Cluster analysis identified five groups of chromatin marks with shared features: Two groups correlate with gene repression, two with gene activation, and one with the X chromosome. The X chromosome displays numerous unique properties, including enrichment of monomethylated H4K20 and H3K27, which correlate with the different repressive mechanisms that operate in somatic tissues and germ cells, respectively. The data also revealed striking differences in chromatin composition between the autosomes and between chromosome arms and centers. Chromosomes I and III are globally enriched for marks of active genes, consistent with containing more highly expressed genes, compared to chromosomes II, IV, and especially V. Consistent with the absence of cytological heterochromatin and the holocentric nature of C. elegans chromosomes, markers of heterochromatin such as H3K9 methylation are not concentrated at a single region on each chromosome. Instead, H3K9 methylation is enriched on chromosome arms, coincident with zones of elevated meiotic recombination. Active genes in chromosome arms and centers have very similar histone mark distributions, suggesting that active domains in the arms are interspersed with heterochromatin-like structure. These data, which confirm and extend previous studies, allow for in-depth analysis of the organization and deployment of the C. elegans genome during development.
C1 [Vielle, Anne; Latorre, Isabel; Cheung, Ming-Sin; Kolasinska-Zwierz, Paulina; Ahringer, Julie] Univ Cambridge, Gurdon Inst, Cambridge CB2 1QN, England.
[Vielle, Anne; Latorre, Isabel; Cheung, Ming-Sin; Kolasinska-Zwierz, Paulina; Ahringer, Julie] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 1QN, England.
[Liu, Tao; Shin, Hyunjin; Taing, Scott; Liu, X. Shirley] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Liu, Tao; Shin, Hyunjin; Taing, Scott; Liu, X. Shirley] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Rechtsteiner, Andreas; Egelhofer, Thea A.; Takasaki, Teruaki; Strome, Susan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Ercan, Sevinc; Ikegami, Kohta; Jensen, Morten; Lieb, Jason D.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Ercan, Sevinc; Ikegami, Kohta; Jensen, Morten; Lieb, Jason D.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Rosenbaum, Heidi; Iniguez, A. Leonardo] Roche NimbleGen Inc, Madison, WI 53719 USA.
[Desai, Arshad] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Desai, Arshad] Univ Calif San Diego, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Dernburg, Abby F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dernburg, Abby F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, HHMI, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dernburg, Abby F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kimura, Hiroshi] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Frontier Biosci, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
RP Ahringer, J (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Gurdon Inst, Cambridge CB2 1QN, England.
EM ja219@cam.ac.uk; sstrome@ucsc.edu; xsliu@jimmy.harvard.edu
RI Liu, Tao/G-3585-2010;
OI Dernburg, Abby/0000-0001-8037-1079; Latorre, Isabel/0000-0003-0638-1783;
Liu, Tao/0000-0002-8818-8313; Liu, Tao/0000-0003-0446-9001
FU NIH National Center for Research Resources; modENCODE [U01 HG004270]
FX We thank Hiroshi Kimura and Kirsten Hagstrom for antibodies. C. elegans
was provided by the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (University of
Minnesota), which is funded by the NIH National Center for Research
Resources. This research is supported by modENCODE grant U01 HG004270 to
the modENCODE consortium headed by J.D.L., with J.A., A.D., A.F.D.,
A.L.I., X.S.L., and S.S. as co-investigators.
NR 56
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U2 8
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
EI 1549-5469
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 227
EP 236
DI 10.1101/gr.115519.110
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 714IU
UT WOS:000286804100008
PM 21177964
ER
PT J
AU Cherbas, L
Willingham, A
Zhang, DY
Yang, L
Zou, Y
Eads, BD
Carlson, JW
Landolin, JM
Kapranov, P
Dumais, J
Samsonova, A
Choi, JH
Roberts, J
Davis, CA
Tang, HX
van Baren, MJ
Ghosh, S
Dobin, A
Bell, K
Lin, W
Langton, L
Duff, MO
Tenney, AE
Zaleski, C
Brent, MR
Hoskins, RA
Kaufman, TC
Andrews, J
Graveley, BR
Perrimon, N
Celniker, SE
Gingeras, TR
Cherbas, P
AF Cherbas, Lucy
Willingham, Aarron
Zhang, Dayu
Yang, Li
Zou, Yi
Eads, Brian D.
Carlson, Joseph W.
Landolin, Jane M.
Kapranov, Philipp
Dumais, Jacqueline
Samsonova, Anastasia
Choi, Jeong-Hyeon
Roberts, Johnny
Davis, Carrie A.
Tang, Haixu
van Baren, Marijke J.
Ghosh, Srinka
Dobin, Alexander
Bell, Kim
Lin, Wei
Langton, Laura
Duff, Michael O.
Tenney, Aaron E.
Zaleski, Chris
Brent, Michael R.
Hoskins, Roger A.
Kaufman, Thomas C.
Andrews, Justen
Graveley, Brenton R.
Perrimon, Norbert
Celniker, Susan E.
Gingeras, Thomas R.
Cherbas, Peter
TI The transcriptional diversity of 25 Drosophila cell lines
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BETA-TUBULIN GENES; MESSENGER-RNA; RESTRICTED EXPRESSION; WING
DEVELOPMENT; EYE DEVELOPMENT; IMAGINAL DISCS; MELANOGASTER; NOTCH;
IDENTIFICATION; SEGMENTATION
AB Drosophila melanogaster cell lines are important resources for cell biologists. Here, we catalog the expression of exons, genes, and unannotated transcriptional signals for 25 lines. Unannotated transcription is substantial (typically 19% of euchromatic signal). Conservatively, we identify 1405 novel transcribed regions; 684 of these appear to be new exons of neighboring, often distant, genes. Sixty-four percent of genes are expressed detectably in at least one line, but only 21% are detected in all lines. Each cell line expresses, on average, 5885 genes, including a common set of 3109. Expression levels vary over several orders of magnitude. Major signaling pathways are well represented: most differentiation pathways are "off" and survival/growth pathways "on." Roughly 50% of the genes expressed by each line are not part of the common set, and these show considerable individuality. Thirty-one percent are expressed at a higher level in at least one cell line than in any single developmental stage, suggesting that each line is enriched for genes characteristic of small sets of cells. Most remarkable is that imaginal disc-derived lines can generally be assigned, on the basis of expression, to small territories within developing discs. These mappings reveal unexpected stability of even fine-grained spatial determination. No two cell lines show identical transcription factor expression. We conclude that each line has retained features of an individual founder cell superimposed on a common "cell line" gene expression pattern.
C1 [Cherbas, Lucy; Zhang, Dayu; Zou, Yi; Choi, Jeong-Hyeon; Roberts, Johnny; Tang, Haixu; Cherbas, Peter] Indiana Univ, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Willingham, Aarron; Kapranov, Philipp; Dumais, Jacqueline; Ghosh, Srinka; Gingeras, Thomas R.] Affymetrix Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
[Yang, Li; Duff, Michael O.; Graveley, Brenton R.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA.
[Eads, Brian D.; Kaufman, Thomas C.; Andrews, Justen; Cherbas, Peter] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Carlson, Joseph W.; Landolin, Jane M.; Hoskins, Roger A.; Celniker, Susan E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Samsonova, Anastasia; Perrimon, Norbert] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Davis, Carrie A.; Dobin, Alexander; Bell, Kim; Lin, Wei; Zaleski, Chris; Gingeras, Thomas R.] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
[Tang, Haixu] Indiana Univ, Sch Informat & Comp, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[van Baren, Marijke J.; Langton, Laura; Tenney, Aaron E.; Brent, Michael R.] Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[van Baren, Marijke J.; Langton, Laura; Tenney, Aaron E.; Brent, Michael R.] Washington Univ, Ctr Genome Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Perrimon, Norbert] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Cherbas, P (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM cherbas@indiana.edu
RI Choi, Jeong-Hyeon/E-3084-2010; Graveley, Brenton/C-3108-2013; Choi,
Justin/F-8792-2014; Samsonova, Anastasia/Q-7591-2016;
OI Samsonova, Anastasia/0000-0002-9353-9173; Gingeras,
Thomas/0000-0001-9106-3573; Graveley, Brenton/0000-0001-5777-5892
FU National Human Genome Research Institute modENCODE under Department of
Energy [U01 HG004271, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank the modENCODE Data Coordination Center (DCC) for data
submissions. We thank all of the members of the modENCODE Drosophila
Transcriptome Group for helpful discussion, and particularly thank Brian
Oliver and Delphine Fagegaltier for critical reading of the manuscript.
Shujie Xiao, Kenneth H. Wan, Charles L. Comstock, Brian C. Koebbe, and
Randall Brown contributed to the experiments and analysis reported here.
This work was funded by an award from the National Human Genome Research
Institute modENCODE Project (U01 HG004271) to S. E. C., under Department
of Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 72
TC 98
Z9 99
U1 0
U2 12
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 301
EP 314
DI 10.1101/gr.112961.110
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 714IU
UT WOS:000286804100015
PM 21177962
ER
PT J
AU Young, NE
Briner, JP
Stewart, HAM
Axford, Y
Csatho, B
Rood, DH
Finkel, RC
AF Young, Nicolas E.
Briner, Jason P.
Stewart, Heather A. M.
Axford, Yarrow
Csatho, Beata
Rood, Dylan H.
Finkel, Robert C.
TI Response of Jakobshavn Isbrae Greenland, to Holocene climate change
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST GREENLAND; ICE-SHEET; DISKO-BUGT; SEA-LEVEL; GLACIER; DYNAMICS;
HISTORY; MAXIMUM; EVENT; FJORD
AB Rapid fluctuations in the velocity of Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) outlet glaciers over the past decade have made it difficult to extrapolate ice-sheet change into the future. This significant short-term variability highlights the need for geologic records of preinstrumental GIS margin fluctuations in order to better predict future GIS response to climate change. Using Be-10 surface exposure ages and radiocarbon-dated lake sediments, we constructed a detailed chronology of ice-margin fluctuations over the past 10 k.y. for Jakobshavn Isbrae Greenland's largest outlet glacier. In addition, we present new estimates of corresponding local temperature changes using a continuous record of insect (Chironomidae) remains preserved in lake sediments. We find that following an early Holocene advance just prior to 8 ka, Jakobshavn Isbr retreated rapidly at a rate of similar to 100 m yr(-1), likely in response to increasing regional and local temperatures. Ice remained behind its present margin for similar to 7 k.y. during a warm period in the middle Holocene with sustained temperatures similar to 2 degrees C warmer than today, then the land-based margin advanced at least 2-4 km between A. D. 1500-1640 and A. D. 1850. The ice margin near Jakobshavn thus underwent large and rapid adjustments in response to relatively modest centennial-scale Holocene temperature changes, which may foreshadow GIS response to future warming.
C1 [Young, Nicolas E.; Briner, Jason P.; Stewart, Heather A. M.; Csatho, Beata] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Axford, Yarrow] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Rood, Dylan H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Rood, Dylan H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Finkel, Robert C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Young, NE (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, 411 Cooke Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM nyoung2@buffalo.edu
RI Axford, Yarrow/N-4151-2014
OI Axford, Yarrow/0000-0002-8033-358X
FU Geography and Spatial Science Division of the U.S. National Science
Foundation [NSF-BCS-0752848]
FX We thank CH2M Hill for logistical support, W. Phillips and S. McGrane,
who aided in collecting and processing 10Be samples, and O.
Darko and S. Truex, who aided in lake sediment analysis. We also thank
I. Walker and D. Francis for sharing chironomid training set data, E.
Thomas for discussions throughout the project duration, and three
anonymous reviewers whose comments helped improve this manuscript. This
work is supported by the Geography and Spatial Science Division of the
U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF-BCS-0752848).
NR 29
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 3
U2 17
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 2
BP 131
EP 134
DI 10.1130/G31399.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 710IP
UT WOS:000286505300009
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YB
Lesher, C
Fiquet, G
Rivers, ML
Nishiyama, N
Siebert, J
Roberts, J
Morard, G
Gaudio, S
Clark, A
Watson, H
Menguy, N
Guyot, F
AF Wang, Yanbin
Lesher, Charles
Fiquet, Guillaume
Rivers, Mark L.
Nishiyama, Norimasa
Siebert, Julien
Roberts, Jeffery
Morard, Guillaume
Gaudio, Sarah
Clark, Alisha
Watson, Heather
Menguy, Nicolas
Guyot, Francois
TI In situ high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray microtomographic
imaging during large deformation: A new technique for studying
mechanical behavior of multiphase composites
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE PREFERRED ORIENTATIONS; SYNTECTONIC MELT PATHWAYS; EARTHS LOWER
MANTLE; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY; COMPUTED
MICROTOMOGRAPHY; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE;
ROCKS
AB We have examined the microstructural evolution of a two-phase composite (olivine + Fe-Ni-S) during large shear deformation, using a newly developed high-pressure X-ray tomography microscope. Two samples were examined: a load-bearing framework-type texture, where the alloy phase (Fe-Ni-S) was present as isolated spherical inclusions, and an interconnected network-type texture, where the alloy phase was concentrated along the silicate grain boundaries and tended to form an interconnected network. The samples, both containing similar to 10 vol% alloy inclusions, were compressed to 6 GPa, followed by shear deformation at temperatures up to 800 K. Shear strains were introduced by twisting the samples at high pressure and high temperature. At each imposed shear strain, samples were cooled to ambient temperature and tomographic images collected. The three-dimensional tomographic images were analyzed for textural evolution. We found that in both samples, Fe-Ni-S, which is the weaker phase in the composite, underwent significant deformation. The resulting lens-shaped alloy phase is subparallel to the shear plane and has a laminated, highly anisotropic interconnected weak layer texture. Scanning electron microscopy showed that many alloy inclusions became film-like, with thicknesses <1 mu m, suggesting that Fe-Ni-S was highly mobile under nonhydrostatic stress, migrated into silicate grain bound aries, and propagated in a manner similar to melt inclusions in a deforming solid matrix. The grain size of the silicate matrix was significantly reduced under large strain deformation. The strong shape-preferred orientation thus developed can profoundly influence a composite's bulk elastic and rheological properties. High-pressure-high temperature tomography not only provides quantitative observations on textural evolution, but also can be compared with simulation results to derive more rigorous models of the mechanical properties of composite materials relevant to Earth's deep mantle.
C1 [Wang, Yanbin; Rivers, Mark L.; Nishiyama, Norimasa] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lesher, Charles; Gaudio, Sarah; Clark, Alisha] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Fiquet, Guillaume; Siebert, Julien; Morard, Guillaume; Menguy, Nicolas; Guyot, Francois] Inst Phys Globe, Inst Mineral & Phys Milieux Condenses, F-75015 Paris, France.
[Roberts, Jeffery; Watson, Heather] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Wang, YB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RI Fiquet, Guillaume/H-1219-2011; MENGUY, Nicolas/F-5607-2012; Siebert,
Julien/A-8336-2014; Fiquet, Guillaume/M-6934-2014; Lesher,
Charles/A-2468-2015; Nishiyama, Norimasa/A-7627-2016; GUYOT,
Francois/C-3824-2016; IMPMC, Geobio/F-8819-2016;
OI MENGUY, Nicolas/0000-0003-4613-2490; Siebert,
Julien/0000-0001-9972-6239; GUYOT, Francois/0000-0003-4622-2218; Watson,
Heather/0000-0003-4307-6518; Wang, Yanbin/0000-0001-5716-3183
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [EAR-0711057, EAR-0711599]; U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We thank Frank Westferro for the excellent engineering support during
the high-pressure tomography experiments at GSECARS (GeoSoilEnviroCARS,
Argonne National Laboratory) and Anne-Line Auzende for assistance during
transmission electron microscopy studies at IMPMC (Institut de
Mineralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condenses). We are grateful to G.
Gualda, who provided the software vol_animate, which was very helpful in
examining three-dimensional tomography microstructure, and to S. Karato
for his valuable comments on early versions of the manuscript. We also
thank two anonymous reviewers, whose thorough and constructive reviews
significantly improved the manuscript. This work was performed at
GSECARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National
Laboratory. GSECARS is supported by the National Science Foundation
(NSF)-Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy-Geosciences
(DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We gratefully acknowledge
financial support from the NSF through grants EAR-0711057 (Wang) and
EAR-0711599 (Lesher). Work by J. Roberts was performed under the
auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 69
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 34
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 1
BP 40
EP 53
DI 10.1130/GES00560.1
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 713IT
UT WOS:000286732100004
ER
PT J
AU Luo, YQ
Melillo, J
Niu, SL
Beier, C
Clark, JS
Classen, AT
Davidson, E
Dukes, JS
Evans, RD
Field, CB
Czimczik, CI
Keller, M
Kimball, BA
Kueppers, LM
Norby, RJ
Pelini, SL
Pendall, E
Rastetter, E
Six, J
Smith, M
Tjoelker, MG
Torn, MS
AF Luo, Yiqi
Melillo, Jerry
Niu, Shuli
Beier, Claus
Clark, James S.
Classen, Aimee T.
Davidson, Eric
Dukes, Jeffrey S.
Evans, R. Dave
Field, Christopher B.
Czimczik, Claudia I.
Keller, Michael
Kimball, Bruce A.
Kueppers, Lara M.
Norby, Richard J.
Pelini, Shannon L.
Pendall, Elise
Rastetter, Edward
Six, Johan
Smith, Melinda
Tjoelker, Mark G.
Torn, Margaret S.
TI Coordinated approaches to quantify long-term ecosystem dynamics in
response to global change
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; data assimilation; earth system; experimentation; global
change; process study; terrestrial ecosystems
ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ELEVATED CO2; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
CARBON-STORAGE; EXPERIMENTAL DROUGHT; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; FOREST
ECOSYSTEM; AMAZON FOREST; RISING CO2
AB Many serious ecosystem consequences of climate change will take decades or even centuries to emerge. Long-term ecological responses to global change are strongly regulated by slow processes, such as changes in species composition, carbon dynamics in soil and by long-lived plants, and accumulation of nutrient capitals. Understanding and predicting these processes require experiments on decadal time scales. But decadal experiments by themselves may not be adequate because many of the slow processes have characteristic time scales much longer than experiments can be maintained. This article promotes a coordinated approach that combines long-term, large-scale global change experiments with process studies and modeling. Long-term global change manipulative experiments, especially in high-priority ecosystems such as tropical forests and high-latitude regions, are essential to maximize information gain concerning future states of the earth system. The long-term experiments should be conducted in tandem with complementary process studies, such as those using model ecosystems, species replacements, laboratory incubations, isotope tracers, and greenhouse facilities. Models are essential to assimilate data from long-term experiments and process studies together with information from long-term observations, surveys, and space-for-time studies along environmental and biological gradients. Future research programs with coordinated long-term experiments, process studies, and modeling have the potential to be the most effective strategy to gain the best information on long-term ecosystem dynamics in response to global change.
C1 [Luo, Yiqi; Niu, Shuli] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Melillo, Jerry; Rastetter, Edward] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Beier, Claus] Tech Univ Denmark DTU, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Biosyst Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Clark, James S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Clark, James S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Classen, Aimee T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Davidson, Eric] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Evans, R. Dave] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Field, Christopher B.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Czimczik, Claudia I.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Keller, Michael] Natl Ecol Observ Network Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Kimball, Bruce A.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85018 USA.
[Kueppers, Lara M.] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
[Norby, Richard J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pelini, Shannon L.] Harvard Univ, Petersham, MA 01366 USA.
[Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Six, Johan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Smith, Melinda] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Tjoelker, Mark G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Torn, Margaret S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Luo, YQ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
EM yluo@ou.edu
RI Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009; Torn,
Margaret/D-2305-2015; Beier, Claus/C-1789-2016; Niu, Shuli/E-7550-2011;
Tjoelker, Mark/M-2413-2016; Clark, James/G-6331-2011; Classen,
Aimee/C-4035-2008; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Norby,
Richard/C-1773-2012; Beier, Claus/E-6288-2013; Davidson,
Eric/K-4984-2013; Kueppers, Lara/M-8323-2013; li, wenchao/S-5567-2016;
OI Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Beier, Claus/0000-0003-0348-7179;
Tjoelker, Mark/0000-0003-4607-5238; Classen, Aimee/0000-0002-6741-3470;
Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828;
Davidson, Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697; Kueppers, Lara/0000-0002-8134-3579;
Rastetter, Edward/0000-0002-8620-5431; Pendall,
Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969
FU DOE through Oak Ridge for Science and Education; NSF [EF 0938795, DBI
0850290, DEB 0840964, DEB 0743778]; Office of Science (BER), Department
of Energy [DE-FG02-006ER64319]; Midwestern Regional Center of the
National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan
Technological University [DE-FC02-06ER64158]; CLIMAITE project
FX We thank Ding Guo for his help with references. The work was financially
supported by DOE through Oak Ridge for Science and Education and NSF EF
0938795. The preparation of the manuscript by Y. L. and S. N. was also
financially supported by NSF DBI 0850290, DEB 0840964, DEB 0743778; by
the Office of Science (BER), Department of Energy, Grant No.:
DE-FG02-006ER64319 and through the Midwestern Regional Center of the
National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan
Technological University, under Award Number DE-FC02-06ER64158. The
participation of C. B. was financially supported by the CLIMAITE
project.
NR 76
TC 75
Z9 77
U1 9
U2 159
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 2
BP 843
EP 854
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02265.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 702ES
UT WOS:000285878000015
ER
PT J
AU Goulden, ML
McMillan, AMS
Winston, GC
Rocha, AV
Manies, KL
Harden, JW
Bond-Lamberty, BP
AF Goulden, M. L.
McMillan, A. M. S.
Winston, G. C.
Rocha, A. V.
Manies, K. L.
Harden, J. W.
Bond-Lamberty, B. P.
TI Patterns of NPP, GPP, respiration, and NEP during boreal forest
succession
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE black spruce; chronosequence; fire; gross primary production; net
ecosystem production; net primary production; Picea mariana; secondary
succession
ID SPRUCE FIRE CHRONOSEQUENCE; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; ECOSYSTEM CO2
EXCHANGE; CARBON USE EFFICIENCY; PONDEROSA PINE; CONSTANT FRACTION;
INTERIOR ALASKA; EDDY COVARIANCE; WOODY DEBRIS; AGE
AB We combined year-round eddy covariance with biometry and biomass harvests along a chronosequence of boreal forest stands that were 1, 6, 15, 23, 40, similar to 74, and similar to 154 years old to understand how ecosystem production and carbon stocks change during recovery from stand-replacing crown fire. Live biomass (C(live)) was low in the 1- and 6-year-old stands, and increased following a logistic pattern to high levels in the 74- and 154-year-old stands. Carbon stocks in the forest floor (C(forest floor)) and coarse woody debris (C(CWD)) were comparatively high in the 1-year-old stand, reduced in the 6- through 40-year-old stands, and highest in the 74- and 154-year-old stands. Total net primary production (TNPP) was reduced in the 1- and 6-year-old stands, highest in the 23- through 74-year-old stands and somewhat reduced in the 154-year-old stand. The NPP decline at the 154-year-old stand was related to increased autotrophic respiration rather than decreased gross primary production (GPP). Net ecosystem production (NEP), calculated by integrated eddy covariance, indicated the 1- and 6-year-old stands were losing carbon, the 15-year-old stand was gaining a small amount of carbon, the 23- and 74-year-old stands were gaining considerable carbon, and the 40- and 154-year-old stands were gaining modest amounts of carbon. The recovery from fire was rapid; a linear fit through the NEP observations at the 6- and 15-year-old stands indicated the transition from carbon source to sink occurred within 11-12 years. The NEP decline at the 154-year-old stand appears related to increased losses from C(live) by tree mortality and possibly from C(forest floor) by decomposition. Our findings support the idea that NPP, carbon production efficiency (NPP/GPP), NEP, and carbon storage efficiency (NEP/TNPP) all decrease in old boreal stands.
C1 [Goulden, M. L.; McMillan, A. M. S.; Winston, G. C.; Rocha, A. V.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Manies, K. L.; Harden, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bond-Lamberty, B. P.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Goulden, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM mgoulden@uci.edu
RI Goulden, Michael/B-9934-2008; Bond-Lamberty, Ben/C-6058-2008; Rocha,
Adrian/B-6504-2013
OI Bond-Lamberty, Ben/0000-0001-9525-4633;
FU Custom Storage; Northern Lights Bed and Breakfast; Churchill River
Lodge; Brad and Tara Ritchey; National Science Foundation; Department of
Energy; Comer Foundation
FX We thank Scott Miller, Marcy Litvak, Steve Beaupre, Sami Rifai, Anders
Holmberg, Aaron Fellows, Kelsey McDuffee, Ruth Errington, and Lee Pruett
for help in the lab or field. We thank Thompson Technologies, the NASA
Terrestrial Ecology program, and the BOREAS science and support teams
for setting up and operating NOBS. We thank Custom Storage, the Northern
Lights Bed and Breakfast, the Churchill River Lodge, and Brad and Tara
Ritchey for support, space and friendship. We thank Sue Trumbore, Steve
Wofsy, Ali Dunn, Tom Gower, Brian Amiro, Marcy Litvak, and especially
Hugo Veldhuis for sharing their understanding of the boreal forest. We
thank Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation and the Canadian Government for
permission to use their land. This work was supported by grants from the
National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, and the Comer
Foundation.
NR 62
TC 132
Z9 142
U1 19
U2 173
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 2
BP 855
EP 871
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02274.x
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 702ES
UT WOS:000285878000016
ER
PT J
AU Hanson, PJ
Childs, KW
Wullschleger, SD
Riggs, JS
Thomas, WK
Todd, DE
Warren, JM
AF Hanson, Paul J.
Childs, Kenneth W.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
Riggs, Jeffery S.
Thomas, Warren K.
Todd, Donald E.
Warren, Jeffrey M.
TI A method for experimental heating of intact soil profiles for
application to climate change experiments
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; CO2 efflux; drying; soil; warming
ID ECOSYSTEM WARMING METHODS; TRACE GAS FLUXES; ELEVATED CO2; TEMPERATURE;
FIELD; RESPIRATION; RESPONSES; AVAILABILITY; PRACTICALITY; MOISTURE
AB A new system for simulating future belowground temperature increases was conceived, simulated, constructed and tested in a temperate deciduous forest in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. The new system uses low-wattage, 3 m deep heaters installed around the circumference of a defined soil volume. The heaters add the necessary energy to achieve a set soil temperature differential within the treatment area and add exterior energy inputs equal to those, which might be lost from lateral heat conduction. The method, which was designed to work in conjunction with aboveground heated chambers, requires only two control sensor positions one for aboveground air temperatures at 1 m and another for belowground temperatures at 0.8 m. The method is capable of achieving temperature differentials of at least +4.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C for soils to a measured depth of -2 m. These +4 degrees C differential soil temperatures were sustained in situ throughout 2009, and both diurnal and seasonal cycles at all soil depths were retained using this simple heating approach. Measured mean energy inputs required to sustain the target heating level of +4 degrees C over the 7.1 m2 target area were substantial for aboveground heating (21.1 kW h day-1 m-2), but 16 times lower for belowground heaters (1.3 kW h day-1 m-2). Observations of soil CO2 efflux from the surface of the target soil volumes showed CO2 losses throughout 2009 that were elevated above the temperature response curve that have been reported in previous near-surface soil warming studies. Stimulation of biological activity within previously undisturbed deep-soil carbon stocks is the hypothesized source. Long-term research programs may be able to apply this new heating method that captures expected future warming and temperature dynamics throughout the soil profile to address uncertainties in process-level responses of microbial, plant and animal communities in whole, intact ecosystems.
C1 [Hanson, Paul J.; Wullschleger, Stan D.; Todd, Donald E.; Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Childs, Kenneth W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Riggs, Jeffery S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Campus Support & Instrumentat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Thomas, Warren K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Facil Dev Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Hanson, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM hansonpj@ornl.gov
RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Warren,
Jeffrey/B-9375-2012
OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Wullschleger,
Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697
FU DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Development of the belowground warming method was accomplished with
support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Additional support following internal
development was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (ORNL) is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under
contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 43
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 2
BP 1083
EP 1096
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02221.x
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 702ES
UT WOS:000285878000033
ER
PT J
AU Kleber, M
Nico, PS
Plante, AF
Filley, T
Kramer, M
Swanston, C
Sollins, P
AF Kleber, Markus
Nico, Peter S.
Plante, Alain F.
Filley, Timothy
Kramer, Marc
Swanston, Christopher
Sollins, Phillip
TI Old and stable soil organic matter is not necessarily chemically
recalcitrant: implications for modeling concepts and temperature
sensitivity
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE density fractions; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); near edge
X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS); radiocarbon;
recalcitrance; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM); soil
organic matter; stable isotopes; turnover time
ID X-RAY MICROSCOPY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CARBON DYNAMICS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS;
AGRICULTURAL SOILS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STABILIZATION; DECOMPOSITION;
TURNOVER; LIGNIN
AB Soil carbon turnover models generally divide soil carbon into pools with varying intrinsic decomposition rates. Although these decomposition rates are modified by factors such as temperature, texture, and moisture, they are rationalized by assuming chemical structure is a primary controller of decomposition. In the current work, we use near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy in combination with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and alkaline cupric oxide (CuO) oxidation to explore this assumption. Specifically, we examined material from the 2.3-2.6 kg L-1 density fraction of three soils of different type (Oxisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol). The density fraction with the youngest 14C age (Oxisol, 107 years) showed the highest relative abundance of aromatic groups and the lowest O-alkyl C/aromatic C ratio as determined by NEXAFS. Conversely, the fraction with the oldest C (Inceptisol, 680 years) had the lowest relative abundance of aromatic groups and highest O-alkyl C/aromatic C ratio. This sample also had the highest proportion of thermally labile materials as measured by DSC, and the highest ratio of substituted fatty acids to lignin phenols as indicated by CuO oxidation. Therefore, the organic matter of the Inceptisol sample, with a 14C age associated with 'passive' pools of carbon (680 years), had the largest proportion of easily metabolizable organic molecules with low thermodynamic stability, whereas the organic matter of the much younger Oxisol sample (107 years) had the highest proportion of supposedly stable organic structures considered more difficult to metabolize. Our results demonstrate that C age is not necessarily related to molecular structure or thermodynamic stability, and we suggest that soil carbon models would benefit from viewing turnover rate as codetermined by the interaction between substrates, microbial actors, and abiotic driving variables. Furthermore, assuming that old carbon is composed of complex or 'recalcitrant' compounds will erroneously attribute a greater temperature sensitivity to those materials than they may actually possess.
C1 [Kleber, Markus] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Nico, Peter S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Plante, Alain F.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Filley, Timothy] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Kramer, Marc] Univ Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Swanston, Christopher] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Houghton, MI USA.
[Sollins, Phillip] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Kleber, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM markus.kleber@oregonstate.edu
RI Plante, Alain/C-3498-2008; Nico, Peter/F-6997-2010
OI Plante, Alain/0000-0003-0124-6187; Nico, Peter/0000-0002-4180-9397
FU Oregon State University, Department of Crop and Soil Science; Subsurface
Biosphere Initiative; US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Science Division
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; USDA [CSREES 2005-35107-16336, NRICGP
2002-35107-12249]; NSF [DEB-0515846]
FX This work was supported by Oregon State University, Department of Crop
and Soil Science and Subsurface Biosphere Initiative start-up funds to
M. Kleber and by support from the US Department of Energy, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Science
Division to P. Nico under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Access to
beamlines 11.0.2 and 5.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, was provided by the Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences, and
Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, Funding for the parent study
came from USDA CSREES 2005-35107-16336 and NSF DEB-0515846 to P. Sollins
and from USDA NRICGP 2002-35107-12249 to K. Lajtha. We would also like
to thank the reviewers whose comments have helped to improve the
manuscript.
NR 67
TC 108
Z9 110
U1 20
U2 190
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 2
BP 1097
EP 1107
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02278.x
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 702ES
UT WOS:000285878000034
ER
PT J
AU Iversen, CM
Hooker, TD
Classen, AT
Norby, RJ
AF Iversen, C. M.
Hooker, T. D.
Classen, A. T.
Norby, R. J.
TI Net mineralization of N at deeper soil depths as a potential mechanism
for sustained forest production under elevated [CO2]
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE elevated [CO2]; fine roots; 15N isotope pool dilution; potential gross N
mineralization; soil depth; sweetgum
ID NITROGEN LIMITATION; SWEETGUM PLANTATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ECOSYSTEM
RESPONSES; CARBON ALLOCATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ROOT RESPONSES; FINE
ROOTS; GROWTH; NITRIFICATION
AB Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2] is projected to increase forest production, which could increase ecosystem carbon (C) storage. This study contributes to our broad goal of understanding the causes and consequences of increased fine-root production and mortality under elevated [CO2] by examining potential gross nitrogen (N) cycling rates throughout the soil profile. Our study was conducted in a CO2-enriched sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) plantation in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. We used 15N isotope pool dilution methodology to measure potential gross N cycling rates in laboratory incubations of soil from four depth increments to 60 cm. Our objectives were twofold: (1) to determine whether N is available for root acquisition in deeper soil and (2) to determine whether elevated [CO2], which has increased inputs of labile C resulting from greater fine-root mortality at depth, has altered N cycling rates. Although gross N fluxes declined with soil depth, we found that N is potentially available for roots to access, especially below 15 cm depth where rates of microbial consumption of mineral N were reduced relative to production. Overall, up to 60% of potential gross N mineralization and 100% of potential net N mineralization occurred below 15 cm depth at this site. This finding was supported by in situ measurements from ion-exchange resins, where total inorganic N availability at 55 cm depth was equal to or greater than N availability at 15 cm depth. While it is likely that trees grown under elevated [CO2] are accessing a larger pool of inorganic N by mining deeper soil, we found no effect of elevated [CO2] on potential gross or net N cycling rates. Thus, increased root exploration of the soil volume under elevated [CO2] may be more important than changes in potential gross N cycling rates in sustaining forest responses to rising atmospheric CO2.
C1 [Iversen, C. M.; Classen, A. T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Iversen, C. M.; Norby, R. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hooker, T. D.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Iversen, CM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM iversencm@ornl.gov
RI Classen, Aimee/C-4035-2008; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; Iversen,
Colleen/B-8983-2012
OI Classen, Aimee/0000-0002-6741-3470; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828;
FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental Research; United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We thank J. Childs, C. Campany, M. Cregger, E. Felker-Quinn, C. Garten
and K. Sides for assistance in the field and in the laboratory. Thank
you to C. Garten, M.A. de Graaff and two anonymous reviewers for
comments that improved an earlier version of the manuscript. Research
was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the United States
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 36
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 8
U2 74
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 2
BP 1130
EP 1139
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02240.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 702ES
UT WOS:000285878000037
ER
PT J
AU Asay-Davis, XS
Marcus, PS
Wong, MH
de Pater, I
AF Asay-Davis, Xylar S.
Marcus, Philip S.
Wong, Michael H.
de Pater, Imke
TI Changes in Jupiter's zonal velocity between 1979 and 2008
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Jupiter, Atmosphere; Atmospheres, Dynamics; Atmospheres, Evolution
ID CLOUD; ATMOSPHERE; IMAGES; WINDS; FLOW; SPOT; JET
AB We show that the peak velocity of Jupiter's visible-cloud-level zonal winds near 24 degrees N (planetographic) increased from 2000 to 2008. This increase was the only change in the zonal velocity from 2000 to 2008 for latitudes between +/- 70 degrees that was statistically significant and not obviously associated with visible weather. We present the first automated retrieval of fast (similar to 130 m s(-1)) zonal velocities at 8 degrees N planetographic latitude, and show that some previous retrievals incorrectly found slower zonal winds because the eastward drift of the dark projections (associated with 5-mu m hot spots) "fooled" the retrieval algorithms.
We determined the zonal velocity in 2000 from Cassini images from NASA's Planetary Data System using a global method similar to previous longitude-shifting correlation methods used by others, and a new local method based on the longitudinal average of the two-dimensional velocity field. We obtained global velocities from images acquired in May 2008 with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Longer-term variability of the zonal winds is based on comparisons with published velocities based on 1979 Voyager 2 and 1995-1998 HST images. Fluctuations in the zonal wind speeds on the order of 10 m s(-1) on timescales ranging from weeks to months were found in the 1979 Voyager 2 and the 1995-1998 HST velocities. In data separated by 10 h, we find that the east-west velocity uncertainty due to longitudinal fluctuations are nearly 10 m s(-1), so velocity fluctuations of 10 m s(-1) may occur on timescales that are even smaller than 10 h. Fluctuations across such a wide range of timescales limit the accuracy of zonal wind measurements. The concept of an average zonal velocity may be ill-posed, and defining a "temporal mean" zonal velocity as the average of several zonal velocity fields spanning months or years may not be physically meaningful.
At 8 degrees N, we use our global method to find peak zonal velocities of similar to 110 m s(-1) in 2000 and similar to 130 m s(-1) in 2008. Zonal velocities from 2000 Cassini data produced by our local and global methods agree everywhere, except in the vicinity of 8 degrees N. There, the local algorithm shows that the east-west velocity has large variations in longitude; vast regions exceed similar to 140 m s(-1). Our global algorithm, and all of the velocity-extraction algorithms used in previously-published studies, found the east-west drift velocities of the visible dark projections, rather than the true zonal velocity at the visible-cloud level. Therefore, the apparent increase in zonal winds between 2000 and 2008 at 8 degrees N is not a true change in zonal velocity.
At 7.3 degrees N, the Galileo probe found zonal velocities of 170 m s(-1) at the 3-bar level. If the true zonal velocity at the visible-cloud level at this latitude is similar to 140 m s(-1) rather than similar to 105 m s(-1), then the vertical zonal wind shear is much less than the currently accepted value. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Asay-Davis, Xylar S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Marcus, Philip S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wong, Michael H.; de Pater, Imke] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Asay-Davis, XS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM xylar@lanl.gov
OI Asay-Davis, Xylar/0000-0002-1990-892X
FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [11102]; NASA [NAS
5-26555]; NSF
FX The 2008 HST observations were obtained under HST program 11102, with
support provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope
Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities
for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA Contract NAS 5-26555.
Analysis was supported by grants from the Planetary Atmospheres Program
of NASA and the Astronomy and Astrophysics Program of NSF, with a
computational allocation from the TeraGrid funded by NSF.
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 211
IS 2
BP 1215
EP 1232
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.018
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 715TE
UT WOS:000286909700021
ER
PT J
AU Mitri, FG
Urban, MW
Fatemi, M
Greenleaf, JF
AF Mitri, F. G.
Urban, M. W.
Fatemi, M.
Greenleaf, J. F.
TI Shear Wave Dispersion Ultrasonic Vibrometry for Measuring Prostate Shear
Stiffness and Viscosity: An In Vitro Pilot Study
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Prostate; radiation force; shear wave; ultrasound; viscoelastic
ID DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-ELASTOGRAPHY; REAL-TIME
ELASTOGRAPHY; MR ELASTOGRAPHY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; TISSUE
ELASTICITY; TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY; CORE BIOPSIES; MOTION DETECTION;
LIVER FIBROSIS
AB This paper reports shear stiffness and viscosity "virtual biopsy" measurements of the three excised noncancerous human prostates using a new tool known as shear wave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (SDUV) in vitro. Improved methods for prostate guided-biopsy are required to effectively guide needle biopsy to the suspected site. In addition, tissue stiffness measurement helps in identifying a suspected site to perform biopsy because stiffness has been shown to correlate with pathologies, such as cancerous tissue. More importantly, early detection of prostate cancer may guide minimally invasive therapy and eliminate insidious procedures. In this paper, "virtual biopsies" were taken in multiple locations in three excised prostates; SDUV shear elasticity and viscosity measurements were performed at the selected "suspicious" locations within the prostates. SDUV measurements of prostate elasticity and viscosity are generally in agreement with preliminary values previously reported in the literature. It is, however, important to emphasize here that the obtained viscoelastic parameters values are local, and not a mean value for the whole prostate.
C1 [Mitri, F. G.; Urban, M. W.; Fatemi, M.; Greenleaf, J. F.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biomed Engn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mitri@lanl.gov; urban.matthew@mayo.edu; fatemi@mayo.edu; jfg@mayo.edu
RI Urban, Matthew/A-8413-2009
OI Urban, Matthew/0000-0003-1360-4287
FU SDUV
FX One of the co-authors (J.F.Greenleaf) has a potential financial interest
in SDUV, and patent applications have been filed for the technology. The
authors (F. G. Mitri and M.W. Urban) thank Dr. S. Chen for helpful
comments.
NR 69
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9294
J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG
JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 2
BP 235
EP 242
DI 10.1109/TBME.2010.2053928
PG 8
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA 710LZ
UT WOS:000286514500003
PM 20595086
ER
PT J
AU Constantinescu, EM
Zavala, VM
Rocklin, M
Lee, SM
Anitescu, M
AF Constantinescu, Emil M.
Zavala, Victor M.
Rocklin, Matthew
Lee, Sangmin
Anitescu, Mihai
TI A Computational Framework for Uncertainty Quantification and Stochastic
Optimization in Unit Commitment With Wind Power Generation
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Closed-loop; economic dispatch; unit commitment; weather forecasting;
wind
ID PREDICTION; MODEL
AB We present a computational framework for integrating a state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction (NWP) model in stochastic unit commitment/economic dispatch formulations that account for wind power uncertainty. We first enhance the NWP model with an ensemble-based uncertainty quantification strategy implemented in a distributed-memory parallel computing architecture. We discuss computational issues arising in the implementation of the framework and validate the model using real wind-speed data obtained from a set of meteorological stations. We build a simulated power system to demonstrate the developments.
C1 [Constantinescu, Emil M.; Zavala, Victor M.; Anitescu, Mihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rocklin, Matthew] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lee, Sangmin] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA.
RP Constantinescu, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM emconsta@mcs.anl.gov; vzavala@mcs.anl.gov; an-itescu@mcs.anl.gov
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy, through Contract
No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Paper no. TPWRS-00775-2009.
NR 23
TC 91
Z9 95
U1 3
U2 21
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 1
BP 431
EP 441
DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2048133
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 710MO
UT WOS:000286516100047
ER
PT J
AU Kosourov, SN
Ghirardi, ML
Seibert, M
AF Kosourov, Sergey N.
Ghirardi, Maria L.
Seibert, Michael
TI A truncated antenna mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can produce more
hydrogen than the parental strain
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen photoproduction; Green algae; Immobilization; Alginate;
Chlorophyll antenna mutants
ID GREEN-ALGA; ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; H-2 PRODUCTION; CELLS;
PHOTOPRODUCTION; EXPRESSION; CULTURES; SIZE
AB Photoproduction of H(2) gas was examined in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii tla1 strain, CC-4169, containing a truncated light-harvesting antenna, along with its parental CC-425 strain. Although enhanced photosynthetic performance of truncated antenna algae has been demonstrated previously (Polle etal. Planta 2003; 217:49-59), improved H(2) photoproduction has yet to be reported. Preliminary experiments showed that sulfur-deprived, suspension cultures of the tla1 mutant could not establish anaerobiosis in a photobioreactor, and thus, could not photoproduce H(2) gas under conditions typical for the sulfur-deprived wild-type cells (Kosourov et al. Biotech Bioeng 2002; 78:731-40). However, they did produce H(2) gas when deprived of sulfur and phosphorus after immobilization within thin (similar to 300 mu m) alginate films. These films were monitored for long-term H(2) photoproduction activity under light intensities ranging from 19 to 350 mu E m(-2) s(-1) PAR. Both the tla1 mutant and the CC-425 parental strain produced H(2) gas for over 250 h under all light conditions tested. Relative to the parental strain, the CC-4169 mutant had lower maximum specific rates of H(2) production at low and medium light intensities (19 and 184 mu E m(-2) s(-1)), but it exhibited a 4-times higher maximum specific rate at 285 mu E m(-2) s(-1) and an 8.5-times higher rate at 350 mu E M(-2) s(-1) when immobilized at approximately the same cell density as the parental strain. As a result, the CC-4169 strain accumulated almost 4-times more H(2) than CC-425 at 285 mu E M(-2) s(-1) and over 6-times more at 350 mu E M(-2) s(-1) during 250-h experiments. These results are the first demonstration that truncating light-harvesting antennae in algal cells can increase the efficiency of H(2) photoproduction in mass culture at high light intensity. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kosourov, Sergey N.; Ghirardi, Maria L.; Seibert, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Kosourov, Sergey N.] Inst Basic Biol Problems RAS, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Seibert, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM mike.seibert@nrel.gov
RI Kosourov, Sergey/C-6682-2009; Kosourov, Sergey/A-1659-2016
OI Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041; Kosourov,
Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]
FX The authors would like to thank the members of the NREL Photobiology
Group for their support and help discussions during the course of this
study. We also thank Professor Anastasios Melis for his careful reading
of this manuscript and helpful suggestions. This work was sponsored by
the US Department of Energy's Fuel Cell Technologies Program under NREL
Contract #DE-AC36-08-GO28308 (MLG and MS).
NR 30
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3
BP 2044
EP 2048
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.10.041
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740WT
UT WOS:000288825800018
ER
PT J
AU LaChance, J
Tchouveleu, A
Engebo, A
AF LaChance, Jeffrey
Tchouveleu, Andrei
Engebo, Angunn
TI Development of uniform harm criteria for use in quantitative risk
analysis of the hydrogen infrastructure
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Three-day International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS3)
CY SEP, 2009
CL Ajaccio, FRANCE
DE Quantitative risk assessment; Hydrogen Safety; Harm criteria; Accident
consequences
AB This paper discusses the preliminary results of the Risk Management subtask efforts within the International Energy Agency (IEA) Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (HIA) Task 19 on Hydrogen Safety to develop uniform harm criteria for use in the Quantitative Risk Assessments (QRAs) of hydrogen facilities. The IEA HIA Task 19 efforts are focused on developing guidelines and criteria for performing QRAs of hydrogen facilities. The performance of QRAs requires that the level of harm that is represented in the risk evaluation be established using deterministic models. The level of harm is a function of the type and level of hazard. The principle hazard associated with hydrogen facilities is uncontrolled accumulation of hydrogen in (semi) confined spaces and consecutive ignition. Another significant hazard is combustion of accidentally released hydrogen gas or liquid, which may or may not happen instantaneously. The primary consequences from fire hazards consist of personnel injuries or fatalities, or facility and equipment damage due to high air temperatures, radiant heat fluxes, or direct contact with hydrogen flames. The possible consequences of explosions on humans and structures or equipment include blast wave overpressure effects, impact from fragments generated by the explosion, the collapse of buildings, and the heat effects from subsequent fire balls. A harm criterion is used to translate the consequences of an accident, evaluated from deterministic models, to a probability of harm to people, structures, or components. Different methods can be used to establish harm criteria including the use of threshold consequence levels and continuous functions that relate the level of a hazard to a probability of damage. This paper presents a survey of harm criteria that can be utilized in QRAs and makes recommendations on the criteria that should be utilized for hydrogen-related hazards. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [LaChance, Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA.
[Tchouveleu, Andrei] AVTchouvelev & Associates Inc, Mississauga, ON L5W 1R2, Canada.
[Engebo, Angunn] Det Norske Veritas AS, DNV Res, N-1352 Hovik, Norway.
RP LaChance, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA.
EM jllacha@sandia.gov; atchouvelev@tchouvelev.org; Angunn.Engebo@dnv.com
NR 15
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3
BP 2381
EP 2388
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.139
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740WT
UT WOS:000288825800061
ER
PT J
AU Schefer, RW
Evans, GH
Zhang, J
Ruggles, AJ
Greif, R
AF Schefer, R. W.
Evans, G. H.
Zhang, J.
Ruggles, A. J.
Greif, R.
TI Ignitability limits for combustion of unintended hydrogen releases:
Experimental and theoretical results
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Three-day International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS3)
CY SEP, 2009
CL Ajaccio-Corsica, FRANCE
DE Hydrogen ignition limits; Turbulent jet; Flammability factor; Ignition
probability; PDF
ID JET; INTERMITTENCY; IGNITION; FIELD; PDF
AB The ignition limits of hydrogen/air mixtures in turbulent jets are necessary to establish safety distances based on ignitable hydrogen location for safety codes and standards development. Studies in turbulent natural gas jets have shown that the mean fuel concentration is insufficient to determine the flammable boundaries of the jet. Instead, integration of probability density functions of local fuel concentration within the quiescent flammability limits, termed the flammability factor, was shown to provide a better representation of ignition probability. Recent studies in turbulent hydrogen jets showed that the envelope of ignitable gas composition (based on the mean hydrogen concentration), did not correspond to the known flammability limits for quiescent hydrogen/air mixtures. The objective of this investigation is to validate the flammability factor approach to the prediction of ignition in hydrogen leak scenarios. The ignition probability within a turbulent hydrogen jet was determined using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser as the ignition source. Laser Rayleigh scattering was used to characterize the fuel concentration throughout the jet. Measurements in methane and hydrogen jets exhibit similar trends in the ignition contour, which broadens radially until an axial location is reached after which the contour moves inward to the centerline. Measurements of the mean and fluctuating hydrogen concentration are used to characterize the local composition statistics conditional on whether the laser spark results in a local ignition event or complete light-up of a stable jet flame. The flammability factor is obtained through direct integration of local probability density functions. A model was developed to predict the flammability factor using a presumed probability density function with parameters obtained from experimental data and computer simulations. Intermittency effects that are important in the shear layer are incorporated in a composite probability density function. By comparing the computed flammability factor with the measured ignition probability we have validated the flammability factor approach for application to ignition of hydrogen jets. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu.
C1 [Schefer, R. W.; Evans, G. H.; Zhang, J.; Ruggles, A. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Greif, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Evans, GH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM rwsche@sandia.gov; evans@sandia.gov; greif@me.berkeley.edu
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3
BP 2426
EP 2435
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.004
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740WT
UT WOS:000288825800066
ER
PT J
AU Buttner, WJ
Post, MB
Burgess, R
Rivkin, C
AF Buttner, William J.
Post, Matthew B.
Burgess, Robert
Rivkin, Carl
TI An overview of hydrogen safety sensors and requirements
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Three-day International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS3)
CY SEP, 2009
CL Ajaccio-Corsica, FRANCE
DE Hydrogen; Hydrogen sensor; Codes and standards; Sensor; Safety
ID FIBER
AB Internationally, there is a commitment to increase the utilization of hydrogen as a clean and renewable alternative to carbon-based fuels. Hydrogen safety sensors are critical to assure the safe deployment of hydrogen systems; but, because there exists a broad range of sensor options, selecting an appropriate sensor technology can be complicated. Some sensor technologies might not be a good fit for a specific application. Facility engineers and other end-users, however, are expected to select the optimal sensor for their systems. Making informed decisions requires an understanding of the general analytical performance specifications that can be expected for a given sensor technology. Although there are many commercial sensors, most can be classified into relatively few specific sensor types. Each specific platform has characteristic analytical trends, advantages, and limitations. Knowledge of these trends can guide the selection of the optimal technology for a specific application. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu.
C1 [Buttner, William J.; Post, Matthew B.; Burgess, Robert; Rivkin, Carl] Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Buttner, WJ (reprint author), Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM william.buttner@nrel.gov
RI Post, Matthew/J-7528-2013
OI Post, Matthew/0000-0002-2855-8394
NR 25
TC 124
Z9 126
U1 8
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3
BP 2462
EP 2470
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.176
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740WT
UT WOS:000288825800070
ER
PT J
AU Houf, WG
Evans, GH
Schefer, RW
Merilo, E
Groethe, M
AF Houf, W. G.
Evans, G. H.
Schefer, R. W.
Merilo, E.
Groethe, M.
TI A study of barrier walls for mitigation of unintended releases of
hydrogen
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd Three-day International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS3)
CY SEP, 2009
CL Ajaccio, FRANCE
DE Hydrogen; Jet flame; Barrier wall; Mitigation; codes and standards
ID JET FLAMES
AB Hydrogen jet flames resulting from ignition of unintended releases can be extensive in length and pose significant radiation and impingement hazards. Depending on the leak diameter and source pressure, the resulting consequence distances can be unacceptably large. One possible mitigation strategy to reduce exposure to jet flames is to incorporate barriers around hydrogen storage and delivery equipment. An experimental and modeling program has been performed at Sandia National Laboratories to better characterize the effectiveness of barrier walls to reduce hazards. This paper describes the experimental and modeling program and presents results obtained for various barrier configurations. The experimental measurements include flame deflection using standard and infrared video and high-speed movies (500 fps) to study initial flame propagation from the ignition source. Measurements of the ignition overpressure, wall deflection, radiative heat flux, and wall and gas temperature were also made at strategic locations. The modeling effort includes three-dimensional calculations of jet flame deflection by the barriers, computations of the thermal radiation field around barriers, predicted overpressure from ignition, and the computation of the concentration field from deflected unignited hydrogen releases. The various barrier designs are evaluated in terms of their mitigation effectiveness for the associated hazards present. The results show that barrier walls are effective at deflecting jet flames in a desired direction and can help attenuate the effects of ignition overpressure and flame radiative heat flux. (c) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Houf, W. G.; Evans, G. H.; Schefer, R. W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Merilo, E.; Groethe, M.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Houf, WG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM will@sandia.gov; evans@sandia.gov; rwsche@sandia.gov;
erik.merilo@sri.com; mark.groethe@sri.com
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 3
BP 2520
EP 2529
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.003
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 740WT
UT WOS:000288825800077
ER
PT J
AU Satula, W
Dobaczewski, J
Nazarewicz, W
Borucki, M
Rafalski, M
AF Satula, W.
Dobaczewski, J.
Nazarewicz, W.
Borucki, M.
Rafalski, M.
TI ISOSPIN MIXING IN THE VICINITY OF THE N = Z LINE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PROJECTED HARTREE-FOCK; NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE
AB We present the isospin- and angular-momentum-projected nuclear density functional theory (DFT) and its applications to the isospin-breaking corrections to the superallowed beta-decay rates in the vicinity of the N = Z line. A preliminary value obtained for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element vertical bar V-ud vertical bar = 0.97463(24), agrees well with the recent estimate by Towner and Hardy [Phys. Rev. C77, 025501 (2008)]. We also discuss new opportunities to study the symmetry energy by using the isospin-projected DFT.
C1 [Satula, W.; Dobaczewski, J.; Nazarewicz, W.; Rafalski, M.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Dobaczewski, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
[Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Nazarewicz, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Borucki, M.] Univ Warsaw, Dept Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Satula, W (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, Ul Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
FU Polish Ministry of Science [N N202 328234, N N202 239037]; Academy of
Finland; University of Jyvaskyla; Office of Nuclear Physics, U.S.
Department of Energy (University of Tennessee) [DE-FG02-96ER40963,
DE-FC02-09ER41583]
FX This work was supported in part by the Polish Ministry of Science under
Contract Nos. N N202 328234 and N N202 239037, Academy of Finland and
University of Jyvaskyla within the FIDIPRO programme, and by the Office
of Nuclear Physics, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Nos.
DE-FG02-96ER40963 (University of Tennessee) and DE-FC02-09ER41583 (UNEDF
SciDAC Collaboration). We acknowledge the CSC - IT Center for Science
Ltd, Finland for the allocation of computational resources.
NR 36
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-3013
EI 1793-6608
J9 INT J MOD PHYS E
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
SI SI
BP 244
EP 251
DI 10.1142/S0218301311017582
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 745IB
UT WOS:000289158000008
ER
PT J
AU Aypar, U
Morgan, WF
Baulch, JE
AF Aypar, Umut
Morgan, William F.
Baulch, Janet E.
TI Radiation-induced genomic instability: Are epigenetic mechanisms the
missing link?
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ionising radiation; genomic instability; epigenetics; DNA methylation;
chromatin remodelling; MicroRNA
ID INDUCED CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; PERSISTENT
OXIDATIVE STRESS; INFLAMMATORY-TYPE RESPONSES; DNA METHYLATION CHANGES;
GENE-EXPRESSION CHANGES; UNSTABLE CELL-LINES; NON-CPG METHYLATION;
X-RAY-IRRADIATION; IONIZING-RADIATION
AB Conclusion: aEuro integral In addition to the extensively studied targeted effects of radiation, it is now apparent that non-targeted delayed effects such as RIGI are also important post-irradiation outcomes. In RIGI, unirradiated progeny cells display phenotypic changes at delayed times after radiation of the parental cell. RIGI is thought to be important in the process of carcinogenesis; however, the mechanism by which this occurs remains to be elucidated. In the genomically unstable clones developed by Morgan and colleagues, radiation-induced mutations, double-strand breaks, or changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels alone could not account for the initiation or perpetuation of RIGI. Since changes in the DNA sequence could not fully explain the mechanism of RIGI, inherited epigenetic changes may be involved. Epigenetics are known to play an important role in many cellular processes and epigenetic aberrations can lead to carcinogenesis. Recent studies in the field of radiation biology suggest that the changes in methylation patterns may be involved in RIGI. Together these clues have led us to hypothesise that epigenetics may be the missing link in understanding the mechanism behind RIGI.
C1 [Aypar, Umut; Baulch, Janet E.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Radiat Oncol Res Lab, Dept Radiat Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Morgan, William F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Aypar, U (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Radiat Oncol Res Lab, Dept Radiat Oncol, 655 W Baltimore St,BRB 7-010, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM uaypa001@umaryland.edu
FU NASA [NNJ06HD31G, NNX07AT42G]; Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific
Northwest Division; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830]
FX This work was supported by NASA grants NNJ06HD31G (WFM/JEB) and
NNX07AT42G (JEB), and by Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest
Division, under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL0 1830 with the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER)
Low Dose Science Program. The United States Government retains and the
publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes.
NR 129
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0955-3002
J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL
JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 87
IS 2
BP 179
EP 191
DI 10.3109/09553002.2010.522686
PG 13
WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science &
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 717ZF
UT WOS:000287087100005
PM 21039330
ER
PT J
AU Huang, YJ
Nelson, CE
Brodie, EL
DeSantis, TZ
Baek, MS
Liu, JN
Woyke, T
Allgaier, M
Bristow, J
Wiener-Kronish, JP
Sutherland, ER
King, TS
Icitovic, N
Martin, RJ
Calhoun, WJ
Castro, M
Denlinger, LC
DiMango, E
Kraft, M
Peters, SP
Wasserman, SI
Wechsler, ME
Boushey, HA
Lynch, SV
AF Huang, Yvonne J.
Nelson, Craig E.
Brodie, Eoin L.
DeSantis, Todd Z.
Baek, Marshall S.
Liu, Jane
Woyke, Tanja
Allgaier, Martin
Bristow, Jim
Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P.
Sutherland, E. Rand
King, Tonya S.
Icitovic, Nikolina
Martin, Richard J.
Calhoun, William J.
Castro, Mario
Denlinger, Loren C.
DiMango, Emily
Kraft, Monica
Peters, Stephen P.
Wasserman, Stephen I.
Wechsler, Michael E.
Boushey, Homer A.
Lynch, Susan V.
CA Natl Heart Lung & Blood Inst Asthm
TI Airway microbiota and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with
suboptimally controlled asthma
SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Microbiome; bacteria; asthma; 16S ribosomal RNA; PhyloChip
ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; KILLER T-CELLS; EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE;
EOSINOPHILIC INFLAMMATION; INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS;
PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; COMAMONAS-TESTOSTERONI; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE;
BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS
AB Background: Improvement in lung function after macrolide antibiotic therapy has been attributed to reduction in bronchial infection by specific bacteria. However, the airway might be populated by a more diverse microbiota, and clinical features of asthma might be associated with characteristics of the airway microbiota present.
Objective: We sought to determine whether relationships exist between the composition of the airway bacterial microbiota and clinical features of asthma using culture-independent tools capable of detecting the presence and relative abundance of most known bacteria.
Methods: In this pilot study bronchial epithelial brushings were collected from 65 adults with suboptimally controlled asthma participating in a multicenter study of the effects of clarithromycin on asthma control and 10 healthy control subjects. A combination of high-density 16S ribosomal RNA microarray and parallel clone library-sequencing analysis was used to profile the microbiota and examine relationships with clinical measurements.
Results: Compared with control subjects, 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon concentrations ( a proxy for bacterial burden) and bacterial diversity were significantly higher among asthmatic patients. In multivariate analyses airway microbiota composition and diversity were significantly correlated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Specifically, the relative abundance of particular phylotypes, including members of the Comamonadaceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, and other bacterial families were highly correlated with the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Conclusion: The composition of bronchial airway microbiota is associated with the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness among patients with suboptimally controlled asthma. These findings support the need for further functional studies to examine the potential contribution of members of the airway microbiota in asthma pathogenesis. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:372-81.)
C1 [Lynch, Susan V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Colitis & Crohns Dis Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Huang, Yvonne J.; Liu, Jane; Boushey, Homer A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Nelson, Craig E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Brodie, Eoin L.; DeSantis, Todd Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Baek, Marshall S.; Allgaier, Martin; Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesia & Perioperat Care, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Woyke, Tanja; Bristow, Jim] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Sutherland, E. Rand; Martin, Richard J.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA.
[King, Tonya S.; Icitovic, Nikolina] Penn State Univ, Div Biostat, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA.
[Calhoun, William J.] Univ Texas Med Branch Galveston, Div Allergy Pulm Immunol Crit Care & Sleep, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX USA.
[Castro, Mario] Washington Univ, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Denlinger, Loren C.] Univ Wisconsin, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[DiMango, Emily] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA.
[Kraft, Monica] Duke Univ, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Peters, Stephen P.] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Sect Pulm Crit Care Allergy & Immunol Dis, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC USA.
[Wasserman, Stephen I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Allergy & Immunol Sect, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Wechsler, Michael E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Lynch, Susan V.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Lynch, SV (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Colitis & Crohns Dis Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Box 0538, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM susan.lynch@ucsf.edu
RI Wechsler, Michael /B-3979-2013; Huang, Yvonne /A-7360-2015; Brodie,
Eoin/A-7853-2008
OI Wechsler, Michael /0000-0003-3505-2946; Brodie, Eoin/0000-0002-8453-8435
FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [U10 HL 074204];
Strategic Asthma Basic Research Center at the University of California,
San Francisco; Sandler Family Foundation; National Institutes of Health
(NIH)/NHLBI [T32 HL007185]; University of California [17FT-0040, DOE
DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [0709975]; NIH/National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [U01 AI075410]; DOE Joint Genome Institute;
National Institutes of Health; Novartis; Boehringer-Ingelheim; National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health;
Asthmatx; Amgen; Ception; Genentech; MedImmune; Merck; GlaxoSmithKline;
American Lung Association; Elsevier; GE Healthcare; NHLBI
FX Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI; U10
HL 074204) and by the Strategic Asthma Basic Research Center at the
University of California, San Francisco, supported by the Sandler Family
Foundation. Y.J.H. was funded by National Institutes of Health
(NIH)/NHLBI grant T32 HL007185 and by a University of California
Tobacco-related Disease Research Program award (17FT-0040). C.E.N. is
funded by NSF 0709975 (to C.E.N. and J.M. Melack). S.V.L. is funded by
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant
U01 AI075410. E.L.B., T.Z.D., and J.B. are funded under the auspices of
the University of California under contract number DOE
DE-AC02-05CH11231.; T. Z. DeSantis is a part-time employee of PhyloTech,
Inc. J. Bristow receives research support from the DOE Joint Genome
Institute. J. P. Weiner-Kronish is a board member of the Foundation of
Anesthesia Education and Research. E. R. Sutherland is an advisor and
DSMB member for GlaxoSmithKline, is an advisor for Dey, is a DSMB member
for Merck, and receives research support from the National Institutes of
Health, Novartis, and Boehringer-Ingelheim. R. J. Martin receives
research support from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of
the National Institutes of Health. M. Castro is a consultant for NKT
Therapeutics, Schering-Plough, Asthmatx, and Cephalon; is on the
Advisory Board for Genentech; is on the speakers' bureau for
Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, Merck, and GlaxoSmithKline;
has received grant support from Asthmatx, Amgen, Ception, Genentech,
MedImmune, Merck, Novartis, the National Institutes of Health,
GlaxoSmithKline, and the American Lung Association; and has received
royalties from Elsevier. L. C. Denlinger receives research support from
the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute (NHLBI). M. Kraft has received research support from
GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Asthmatx, GE Healthcare, Novartis, and
Genentech. S. P. Peters receives grant support from the NIH-NHLBI. S. I.
Wasserman has provided legal consultation services/expert witness
testimony in cases related to mold toxicity and transfer factor and is
president of the American Board of Allergy and Immunology. M. E.
Wechsler receives research support from the NHLBI. H. A. Boushey is an
ad-hoc consultant for Kalobios, is on the advisory committee for
Pharmaxis, is on ad-hoc advisory committees for GlaxoSmithKline and
Merck, and receives research support from GlaxoSmithKline. S. V. Lynch
receives research support from the National Institutes of Health. The
rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of
interest.
NR 64
TC 192
Z9 202
U1 5
U2 41
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0091-6749
J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN
JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 127
IS 2
BP 372
EP U689
DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.048
PG 13
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 714KH
UT WOS:000286808000010
PM 21194740
ER
PT J
AU Ciccariello, S
Melnichenko, YB
He, LL
AF Ciccariello, Salvino
Melnichenko, Yuri B.
He, Lilin
TI Supercritical carbon dioxide behavior in porous silica aerogel
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE supercritical carbon dioxide; porous silica aerogels; small-angle
neutron scattering
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SORPTION; FLUID; WALL;
DEVIATIONS; ADSORPTION; DIFFUSION; INTENSITY; CONTACT
AB Analysis of the tails of the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) intensities relevant to samples formed by porous silica and carbon dioxide at pressures ranging from 0 to 20 MPa and at temperatures of 308 and 353 K confirms that the CO2 fluid must be treated as a two-phase system. The first of these phases is formed by the fluid closer to the silica wall than a suitable distance delta and the second by the fluid external to this shell. The sample scattering-length densities and shell thicknesses are determined by the Porod invariants and the oscillations observed in the Porod plots of the SANS intensities. The resulting matter densities of the shell regions (thickness 15-35 A) are approximately equal, while those of the outer regions increase with pressure and become equal to the bulk CO2 at the higher pressures only in the low-temperature case.
C1 [Ciccariello, Salvino] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Melnichenko, Yuri B.; He, Lilin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ciccariello, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM ciccariello@pd.infn.it
OI He, Lilin/0000-0002-9560-8101
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy
FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor
was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program and the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. This research was supported in
part by an appointment to the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates
Program, administered jointly by the ORNL and the Oak Ridge Institute
for Science and Education.
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 17
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 44
BP 43
EP 51
DI 10.1107/S0021889810045176
PN 1
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 709XS
UT WOS:000286475300006
ER
PT J
AU Aygun, SM
Ihlefeld, JF
Borland, WJ
Maria, JP
AF Ayguen, Seymen M.
Ihlefeld, Jon F.
Borland, William J.
Maria, Jon-Paul
TI Permittivity scaling in Ba1-xSrxTiO3 thin films and ceramics
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; FERROELECTRIC-FILMS;
GRAIN-SIZE; MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES; BATIO3 FILMS; CAPACITORS; COPPER
AB A dramatic enhancement in the electromechanical response of barium titanate thin films is demonstrated by understanding and optimizing the relationship between organic removal, crystallization, and microstructure, which therefore results in pore elimination, larger grain sizes, and superior densification. The combination enables one to produce bulk-like dielectric properties in a thin film with a room temperature permittivity value above 3000. This advancement in complex oxide thin film processing science creates a new perspective from which to compare, parameterize, and better understand a collection of literature data concerning the manner in which the dielectric response of BaTiO3 depends upon physical dimensions. We are consequently able to apply a single physical model to bulk ceramic and thin film systems, and so demonstrate that the existence of parasitic interfacial layers are not needed to explain dielectric scaling. This work is instrumental in illustrating that extrinsic contributions to scaling are predominant, and that a fundamental understanding of material synthesis provides important opportunities to broaden the spectrum of nonlinear electromechanical properties that can be achieved in ferroelectric thin films. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3514127]
C1 [Ayguen, Seymen M.; Maria, Jon-Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Ihlefeld, Jon F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Borland, William J.] DuPont Elect Technol, Durham, NC 27707 USA.
RP Aygun, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM seymenaygun@hotmail.com
RI Ihlefeld, Jon/B-3117-2009
FU E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX We acknowledge the financial support of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 29
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 24
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 3
AR 034108
DI 10.1063/1.3514127
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 721PC
UT WOS:000287366000074
ER
PT J
AU Puzyrev, YS
Roy, T
Beck, M
Tuttle, BR
Schrimpf, RD
Fleetwood, DM
Pantelides, ST
AF Puzyrev, Y. S.
Roy, T.
Beck, M.
Tuttle, B. R.
Schrimpf, R. D.
Fleetwood, D. M.
Pantelides, S. T.
TI Dehydrogenation of defects and hot-electron degradation in GaN
high-electron-mobility transistors
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; NATIVE DEFECTS; WURTZITE GAN; HYDROGEN;
RELIABILITY
AB Degradation mechanisms limiting the electrical reliability of GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are generally attributed to defect generation by hot-electrons but specific mechanisms for such processes have not been identified. Here we give a model for the generation of active defects by the release of hydrogen atoms that passivate pre-exisiting defects. We report first-principles density-functional calculations of several candidate point defects and their interaction with hydrogen in GaN, under different growth conditions. Candidate precursor point defects in device quality GaN are identified by correlating previously observed trap levels with calculated optical levels. We propose dehydrogenation of point defects as a generic physical mechanism for defect generation in HEMTs under hot-electron stress when the degradation is not spontaneously reversible. Dehydrogenation of point defects explains (1) observed hot electron stress transconductance degradation, (2) increase in yellow luminescence, and opposite threshold voltage shifts in devices where the material was grown under nitrogen-and ammonia-rich conditions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3524185]
C1 [Puzyrev, Y. S.; Roy, T.; Beck, M.; Tuttle, B. R.; Fleetwood, D. M.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Beck, M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Tuttle, B. R.] Penn State Behrend Coll, Dept Phys, Erie, PA 16563 USA.
[Schrimpf, R. D.; Fleetwood, D. M.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Puzyrev, YS (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM yevgeniy.s.puzyrev@vanderbilt.edu
RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013; Roy, Tania/M-6540-2015
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701;
FU Office of Naval Research MURI [N-00014-08-100655]; McMinn endowment at
Vanderbilt University
FX The ab initio total-energy and molecular-dynamics package, VASP, was
used in this study. This work was supported in part by the Office of
Naval Research MURI Grant No. N-00014-08-100655 and by the McMinn
endowment at Vanderbilt University.
NR 24
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 3
AR 034501
DI 10.1063/1.3524185
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 721PC
UT WOS:000287366000090
ER
PT J
AU Schutzer, SE
Fraser-Liggett, CM
Casjens, SR
Qiu, WG
Dunn, JJ
Mongodin, EF
Luft, BJ
AF Schutzer, Steven E.
Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.
Casjens, Sherwood R.
Qiu, Wei-Gang
Dunn, John J.
Mongodin, Emmanuel F.
Luft, Benjamin J.
TI Whole-Genome Sequences of Thirteen Isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; SENSU-STRICTO; ANTIBIOTIC-TREATMENT; EXCHANGE;
MICE
AB Borrelia burgdorferi is a causative agent of Lyme disease in North America and Eurasia. The first complete genome sequence of B. burgdorferi strain 31, available for more than a decade, has assisted research on the pathogenesis of Lyme disease. Because a single genome sequence is not sufficient to understand the relationship between genotypic and geographic variation and disease phenotype, we determined the whole-genome sequences of 13 additional B. burgdorferi isolates that span the range of natural variation. These sequences should allow improved understanding of pathogenesis and provide a foundation for novel detection, diagnosis, and prevention strategies.
C1 [Schutzer, Steven E.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
[Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.; Mongodin, Emmanuel F.] Univ Maryland, Inst Genome Sci, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Casjens, Sherwood R.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Div Microbiol & Immunol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Qiu, Wei-Gang] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Biol Sci, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Dunn, John J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11793 USA.
[Luft, Benjamin J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Schutzer, SE (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
EM schutzer@umdnj.edu; sherwood.casjens@path.utah.edu
OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428
FU National Institutes of Health [AI49003, AI37256, AI30071, GM083722,
RR03037]; Lyme Disease Association; Tami Fund
FX This research was supported by the following grants from the National
Institutes of Health: AI49003, AI37256, AI30071, GM083722, and RR03037.
Additional funding was provided by the Lyme Disease Association and the
Tami Fund.
NR 22
TC 53
Z9 220
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 193
IS 4
BP 1018
EP 1020
DI 10.1128/JB.01158-10
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 711ML
UT WOS:000286595600028
PM 20935092
ER
PT J
AU Diehl, AD
Augustine, AD
Blake, JA
Cowell, LG
Gold, ES
Gondre-Lewis, TA
Masci, AM
Meehan, TF
Morel, PA
Nijnik, A
Peters, B
Pulendran, B
Scheuermann, RH
Yao, QA
Zand, MS
Mungall, CJ
AF Diehl, Alexander D.
Augustine, Alison Deckhut
Blake, Judith A.
Cowell, Lindsay G.
Gold, Elizabeth S.
Gondre-Lewis, Timothy A.
Masci, Anna Maria
Meehan, Terrence F.
Morel, Penelope A.
Nijnik, Anastasia
Peters, Bjoern
Pulendran, Bali
Scheuermann, Richard H.
Yao, Q. Alison
Zand, Martin S.
Mungall, Christopher J.
TI Hematopoietic cell types: Prototype for a revised cell ontology
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ontology; Hematopoietic cells; Immunology
ID INTEGRATION
AB The Cell Ontology (CL) aims for the representation of in vivo and in vitro cell types from all of biology. The CL is a candidate reference ontology of the OBO Foundry and requires extensive revision to bring it up to current standards for biomedical ontologies, both in its structure and its coverage of various subfields of biology. We have now addressed the specific content of one area of the CL, the section of the ontology dealing with hematopoietic cells. This section has been extensively revised to improve its content and eliminate multiple inheritance in the asserted hierarchy, and the groundwork has been laid for structuring the hematopoietic cell type terms as cross-products incorporating logical definitions built from relationships to external ontologies, such as the Protein Ontology and the Gene Ontology. The methods and improvements to the CL in this area represent a paradigm for improvement of the entire ontology over time. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Diehl, Alexander D.; Blake, Judith A.; Meehan, Terrence F.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA.
[Augustine, Alison Deckhut; Gondre-Lewis, Timothy A.; Yao, Q. Alison] NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Cowell, Lindsay G.; Masci, Anna Maria] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA.
[Gold, Elizabeth S.] Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA USA.
[Morel, Penelope A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Nijnik, Anastasia] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Peters, Bjoern] La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Pulendran, Bali] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Scheuermann, Richard H.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Zand, Martin S.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
[Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Diehl, AD (reprint author), Jackson Lab, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA.
EM adiehl@informatics.jax.org
RI Zand, Martin/A-8612-2015; Diehl, Alexander/G-9883-2016;
OI Diehl, Alexander/0000-0001-9990-8331; Zand, Martin/0000-0002-7095-8682;
Morel, Penelope/0000-0002-1743-3676; Masci, Anna
Maria/0000-0003-1940-6740; Meehan, Terrence/0000-0003-1980-3228; Blake,
Judith/0000-0001-8522-334X; Scheuermann, Richard/0000-0003-1355-892X
FU NHGRI [HG002273]; NIAID [N01AI40076, N01AI50018, N01AI50020,
R01AI077706, AI50019, N01AI50019]
FX We thank NIAID for the support of the workshop and follow-up
teleconferences. ADD, TFM, and JAB are supported by NHGRI grant
HG002273, RHS by NIAID contract N01AI40076, PAM by NIAID contract
N01AI50018, MZ by NIAID contract N01AI50020, LGC by NIAID contract
R01AI077706 and AI50019, AMM by NIAID contract AI50019, and BP by NIAID
contract N01AI50019.
NR 10
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1532-0464
J9 J BIOMED INFORM
JI J. Biomed. Inform.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 1
SI SI
BP 75
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.jbi.2010.01.006
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics
GA 733UW
UT WOS:000288289900008
PM 20123131
ER
PT J
AU Mungall, CJ
Bada, M
Berardini, TZ
Deegan, J
Ireland, A
Harris, MA
Hill, DP
Lomax, J
AF Mungall, Christopher J.
Bada, Michael
Berardini, Tanya Z.
Deegan, Jennifer
Ireland, Amelia
Harris, Midori A.
Hill, David P.
Lomax, Jane
TI Cross-product extensions of the Gene Ontology
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE GO; Ontology; Logic; Gene; Gene expression; OWL; Reasoning;
Cross-products; CHEBI; Cells; Anatomy; Pathways; Term enrichment
ID INTEGRATION
AB The Gene Ontology (GO) consists of nearly 30,000 classes for describing the activities and locations of gene products. Manual maintenance of ontology of this size is a considerable effort, and errors and inconsistencies inevitably arise. Reasoners can be used to assist with ontology development, automatically placing classes in a subsumption hierarchy based on their properties. However, the historic lack of computable definitions within the GO has prevented the user of these tools.
In this paper, we present preliminary results of an ongoing effort to normalize the GO by explicitly stating the definitions of compositional classes in a form that can be used by reasoners. These definitions are partitioned into mutually exclusive cross-product sets, many of which reference other OBO Foundry candidate ontologies for chemical entities, proteins, biological qualities and anatomical entities. Using these logical definitions we are gradually beginning to automate many aspects of ontology development, detecting errors and filling in missing relationships. These definitions also enhance the GO by weaving it into the fabric of a wider collection of interoperating ontologies, increasing opportunities for data integration and enhancing genomic analyses. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Mungall, Christopher J.; Ireland, Amelia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bada, Michael] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pharmacol, Aurora, CO 80206 USA.
[Berardini, Tanya Z.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Stanford, CA 94555 USA.
[Deegan, Jennifer; Ireland, Amelia; Harris, Midori A.; Lomax, Jane] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
[Hill, David P.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA.
RP Mungall, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 64R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM cjm@fruitfly.org
OI Lomax, Jane/0000-0001-8865-4321; Harris, Midori/0000-0003-4148-4606
FU NHGRI, via the Gene Ontology Consortium [HG002273]
FX This work is supported by the NHGRI, via the Gene Ontology Consortium,
HG002273.
NR 20
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1532-0464
J9 J BIOMED INFORM
JI J. Biomed. Inform.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 1
SI SI
BP 80
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.jbi.2010.02.002
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics
GA 733UW
UT WOS:000288289900009
PM 20152934
ER
PT J
AU Mungall, CJ
Batchelor, C
Eilbeck, K
AF Mungall, Christopher J.
Batchelor, Colin
Eilbeck, Karen
TI Evolution of the Sequence Ontology terms and relationships
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sequence Ontology; Biomedical ontology; Genome annotation
ID UNIFICATION; TOOL
AB The Sequence Ontology is an established ontology, with a large user community, for the purpose of genomic annotation. We are reforming the ontology to provide better terms and relationships to describe the features of biological sequence, for both genomic and derived sequence. The SO is working within the guidelines of the OBO Foundry to provide interoperability between SO and the other related OBO ontologies. Here, we report changes and improvements made to SO including new relationships to better define the mereological, spatial and temporal aspects of biological sequence. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Eilbeck, Karen] Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Batchelor, Colin] Royal Soc Chem, Cambridge CB4 0WF, England.
[Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Eilbeck, K (reprint author), Dept Human Genet, Bldg 533,15N 2030 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
EM keilbeck@genetics.utah.edu
OI Mungall, Christopher/0000-0002-6601-2165; Batchelor,
Colin/0000-0001-5985-7429
FU NHGRI, via the Gene Ontology Consortium [HG004341]
FX This work is supported by the NHGRI, via the Gene Ontology Consortium,
HG004341.
NR 22
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1532-0464
J9 J BIOMED INFORM
JI J. Biomed. Inform.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 1
SI SI
BP 87
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.jbi.2010.03.002
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics
GA 733UW
UT WOS:000288289900010
PM 20226267
ER
PT J
AU Berry, KE
Peng, B
Koditek, D
Beeman, D
Pagratis, N
Perry, JK
Parrish, J
Zhong, WD
Doudna, JA
Shih, IH
AF Berry, Katherine E.
Peng, Betty
Koditek, David
Beeman, Douglas
Pagratis, Nikos
Perry, Jason K.
Parrish, Jay
Zhong, Weidong
Doudna, Jennifer A.
Shih, I-Hung
TI Optimized High-Throughput Screen for Hepatitis C Virus Translation
Inhibitors
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE hepatitis C virus (HCV); IRES; luciferase; high-throughput screen;
rabbit reticulocyte lysate
ID RIBOSOME ENTRY SITE; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS;
IN-VITRO; INITIATION; BINDING; FIDELITY; TARGETS; IDENTIFICATION;
SUBUNIT
AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a considerable global health problem for which new classes of therapeutics are needed. The authors developed a high-throughput assay to identify compounds that selectively block translation initiation from the HCV internal ribosome entry site (HCV IRES). Rabbit reticulocyte lysate conditions were optimized to faithfully report on authentic HCV IRES-dependent translation relative to a 5' capped mRNA control. The authors screened a library of similar to 430,000 small molecules for IRES inhibition, leading to similar to 1700 initial hits. After secondary counterscreening, the vast majority of hits proved to be luciferase and general translation inhibitors. Despite well-optimized in vitro translation conditions, in the end, the authors found no selective HCV IRES inhibitors but did discover a new scaffold of general translation inhibitor. The analysis of these molecules, as well we the finding that a large fraction of false positives resulted from off-target effects, highlights the challenges inherent in screens for RNA-specific inhibitors. (Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2011;16:211-220)
C1 [Peng, Betty; Koditek, David; Beeman, Douglas; Pagratis, Nikos; Perry, Jason K.; Parrish, Jay; Zhong, Weidong; Shih, I-Hung] Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 95616 USA.
[Berry, Katherine E.; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Doudna, Jennifer A.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA.
RP Shih, IH (reprint author), Gilead Sci Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA 95616 USA.
EM ihung.shih@gilead.com
FU National Institutes of Health
FX We thank members of the Doudna laboratory for helpful discussions and
comments on the manuscript; S. Coyle, A. Law, and B. Reid for assistance
with data collection; and Gilead IRES team members, M. Desai, M.
McGrath, R. Sakowicz, S. Swaminathan, and J. Ward, for insightful
discussion and comments on project implementation. This work was
supported by a program project grant from the National Institutes of
Health and a research gift generously provided by Gilead, Inc. (to
J.A.D.).
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1087-0571
J9 J BIOMOL SCREEN
JI J. Biomol. Screen
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 16
IS 2
BP 211
EP 220
DI 10.1177/1087057110391665
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Chemistry
GA 716MX
UT WOS:000286975900008
PM 21297107
ER
PT J
AU Logan, J
Alexoff, D
Fowler, JS
AF Logan, Jean
Alexoff, David
Fowler, Joanna S.
TI The use of alternative forms of graphical analysis to balance bias and
precision in PET images
SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution volume; distribution volume ratio; graphical analysis;
instrumental variable; modeling; positron emission tomography
ID REVERSIBLE RADIOLIGAND BINDING; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; SEROTONIN
TRANSPORTER; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; RECEPTOR-BINDING; NEURORECEPTOR;
MODEL; IDENTIFICATION; IMPROVE; NOISE
AB Graphical analysis (GA) is an efficient method for estimating total tissue distribution volume (V(T)) from positron emission tomography (PET) uptake data. The original GA produces a negative bias in V(T) in the presence of noise. Estimates of V(T) using other GA forms have less bias but less precision. Here, we show how the bias terms are related between the GA methods and how using an instrumental variable (IV) can also reduce bias. Results are based on simulations of a two-compartment model with V(T)'s ranging from 10.5 to 64 mL/cm(3) and from PET image data with the tracer [(11)C] DASB ([(11)C]-3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-phenylsulfanyl) benzonitrile). Four estimates of V(T) (or distribution volume ratio (DVR) using a reference tissue) can be easily computed from different formulations of GA including the IV. As noise affects the estimates from all four differently, they generally do not provide the same estimates. By taking the median value of the four estimates, we can decrease the bias and reduce the effect of large values contributing to noisy images. The variance of the four estimates can serve as a guide to the reliability of the median estimate. This may provide a general method for the generation of parametric images with little bias and good precision. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (2011) 31, 535-546; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.123; published online 1 September 2010
C1 [Logan, Jean; Alexoff, David; Fowler, Joanna S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Logan, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM logan@bnl.gov
FU Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This study was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory under
contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0271-678X
J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET
JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 2
BP 535
EP 546
DI 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.123
PG 12
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 715XY
UT WOS:000286930100016
PM 20808318
ER
PT J
AU Brandhorst, K
Head-Gordon, M
AF Brandhorst, Kai
Head-Gordon, Martin
TI Fast Sparse Cholesky Decomposition and Inversion using Nested Dissection
Matrix Reordering
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; PLESSET CORRELATION-ENERGY; DEGREE
ORDERING ALGORITHM; DENSITY-MATRIX; NULL SPACE; DIRECT OPTIMIZATION;
TENSOR FORMULATION; ELIMINATION TREES; MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS; HARTREE-FOCK
AB Here we present an efficient, yet nonlinear scaling, algorithm for the computation of Cholesky factors of sparse symmetric positive definite matrices and their inverses. The key feature of this implementation is the separation of the task into an algebraic and a numeric part. The algebraic part of the algorithm attempts to find a reordering of the rows and columns which preserves at least some degree of sparsity and afterward determines the exact nonzero structure of both the Cholesky factor and its corresponding inverse. It is based on graph theory and does not involve any kind of numerical thresholding. This preprocessing then allows for a very efficient implementation of the numerical factorization step. Furthermore this approach even allows use of highly optimized dense linear algebra kernels which leads to yet another performance boost. We will show some illustrative timings of our sparse code and compare it to the standard library implementation and a recent sparse implementation using thresholding. We conclude with some comments on how to deal with positive semidefinite matrices.
C1 [Brandhorst, Kai; Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Head-Gordon, Martin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Brandhorst, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM k.brandhorst@berkeley.edu; mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu
OI Brandhorst, Kai/0000-0002-7028-8631
FU Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical
Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0376SF00098]
FX We thank Daniel S. Lambrecht and Eric J. Sundstrom for valuable
discussions. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy
Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division of
the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC0376SF00098.
M.H.-G. is a part-owner of Q-CHEM Inc.
NR 124
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 351
EP 368
DI 10.1021/ct100618s
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 717MA
UT WOS:000287049200010
PM 26596157
ER
PT J
AU Acar, E
Dunlavy, DM
Kolda, TG
AF Acar, Evrim
Dunlavy, Daniel M.
Kolda, Tamara G.
TI A scalable optimization approach for fitting canonical tensor
decompositions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE tensor decomposition; tensor factorization; CANDECOMP; PARAFAC;
optimization
ID RANK ANNIHILATION METHOD; LEAST-SQUARES ALGORITHM; PARAFAC
FACTOR-ANALYSIS; TRILINEAR DECOMPOSITION; 2-FACTOR DEGENERACIES;
EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS; MULTIWAY ANALYSIS; 3-WAY ARRAYS; LINE SEARCH;
RESOLUTION
AB Tensor decompositions are higher-order analogues of matrix decompositions and have proven to be powerful tools for data analysis. In particular, we are interested in the canonical tensor decomposition, otherwise known as CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP), which expresses a tensor as the sum of component rank-one tensors and is used in a multitude of applications such as chemometrics, signal processing, neuroscience and web analysis. The task of computing CP, however, can be difficult. The typical approach is based on alternating least-squares (ALS) optimization, but it is not accurate in the case of overfactoring. High accuracy can be obtained by using nonlinear least-squares (NLS) methods; the disadvantage is that NLS methods are much slower than ALS. In this paper, we propose the use of gradient-based optimization methods. We discuss the mathematical calculation of the derivatives and show that they can be computed efficiently, at the same cost as one iteration of ALS. Computational experiments demonstrate that the gradient-based optimization methods are more accurate than ALS and faster than NLS in terms of total computation time. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Kolda, Tamara G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Informat & Syst Assessments Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Acar, Evrim] Natl Res Inst Elect & Cryptol TUBITAK UEKAE, Gebze, Turkey.
[Dunlavy, Daniel M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci & Informat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kolda, TG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Informat & Syst Assessments Dept, MS 9159,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM tgkolda@sandia.gov
RI Kolda, Tamara/B-1628-2009; Acar, Evrim/A-7161-2015
OI Kolda, Tamara/0000-0003-4176-2493; Acar, Evrim/0000-0002-3737-292X
FU United States Department of Energy; Sandia National Laboratories; United
States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research
Applied Mathematics Program at the United States Department of Energy
and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia
National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 58
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0886-9383
J9 J CHEMOMETR
JI J. Chemometr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 67
EP 86
DI 10.1002/cem.1335
PG 20
WC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry, Analytical; Computer Science,
Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability
SC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry; Computer Science; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Mathematics
GA 724WA
UT WOS:000287605700003
ER
PT J
AU Mernild, SH
Liston, GE
Hiemstra, CA
Christensen, JH
Stendel, M
Hasholt, B
AF Mernild, Sebastian H.
Liston, Glen E.
Hiemstra, Christopher A.
Christensen, Jens H.
Stendel, Martin
Hasholt, Bent
TI Surface Mass Balance and Runoff Modeling Using HIRHAM4 RCM at
Kangerlussuaq (Sondre Stromfjord), West Greenland, 1950-2080
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION REGIONAL CLIMATE; COMPLEX SNOW DISTRIBUTIONS; ICE-SHEET;
SOUTHEAST GREENLAND; AMMASSALIK ISLAND; MELT; SIMULATIONS; PERSPECTIVE;
GLACIER; SYSTEM
AB A regional atmospheric model, the HIRHAM4 regional climate model (RCM) using boundary conditions front the ECHAM5 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM), was downscaled to a 500-m gridcell increment using SnowModel to simulate 131 yr (1950-2080) of hydrologic cycle evolution in west Greenland's Kangerlussuaq drainage. Projected changes in the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) and runoff are relevant for potential hydropower production and prediction of ecosystem changes in sensitive Kangerlussuaq Fjord systems. Mean annual surface air temperatures and precipitation in the Kangerlussuaq area were simulated to increase by 3.4 degrees C and 95 mm water equivalent (w.eq.), respectively, between 1950 and 2080. The local Kangerlussuaq warming was less than the average warming of 4.8 degrees C simulated for the entire GrIS. The Kangerlussuaq SMB loss increased by an average of 0.3 km(3) because of a 0.4 km(3) rise in precipitation, 0.1 km(3) rise in evaporation and sublimation, and 0.6 km(3) gain in runoff (1950-2080). By 2080, the spring runoff season begins approximately three weeks earlier. The average modeled SMB and runoff is approximately -0.1 and 1.2 km(3) yr(-1), respectively, indicating that similar to 10% of the Kangerlussuaq runoff is explained by the GrIS SMB net loss. The cumulative net volume loss (1950-2080) front SMB was 15.9 km(3), and runoff was 151.2 km(3) w.eq. This runoff volume is expected to have important hydrodynamic and ecological impacts on the stratified salinity in the Kangerlussuaq Fjord and on the transport of freshwater to the ocean.
C1 [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modeling Grp, Computat Phys & Methods CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Liston, Glen E.; Hiemstra, Christopher A.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hiemstra, Christopher A.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Christensen, Jens H.; Stendel, Martin] Danish Meteorol Inst, Danish Climate Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Christensen, Jens H.; Stendel, Martin] Greenland Climate Res Ctr, Nuuk, Greenland.
[Hasholt, Bent] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geog & Geol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Mernild, SH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modeling Grp, Computat Phys & Methods CCS 2, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mernild@lanl.gov
RI Christensen, Jens/C-4162-2013
OI Christensen, Jens/0000-0002-9908-8203
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science; National Nuclear Security
Administration of the United States; Kommissionen for Videnskabelige
Undersogelser i Gronland (KVUG) Kangerlussuaq (CRIK) [272-07-0645,
2138-08-0003]; Greenland Climate Research Centre in Nuuk, Greenland
FX Very special thanks to the three anonymous reviewers for their
insightful critique of this article. This work was supported by the
Climate Change Prediction Program of the U.S. Department of Energy's
Office of Science. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated under the
auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the United
States. This work was also supported by the Kommissionen for
Videnskabelige Undersogelser i Gronland (KVUG) project Climatic Record
in Kangerlussuaq (CRIK; Grant 272-07-0645) and by KVUG (Grant
2138-08-0003). Christensen and Stendel acknowledge the financial support
from the Greenland Climate Research Centre in Nuuk, Greenland. Very
special thanks to Dr. William H. Lipscomb of Los Alamos National
Laboratory for his insightful critique of this article. Thanks are given
to the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado
State University, for hosting the first author during November and
December 2009.
NR 69
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 3
BP 609
EP 623
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3560.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 734AB
UT WOS:000288304500003
ER
PT J
AU Kelso, C
Hooper, D
AF Kelso, Chris
Hooper, Dan
TI Prospects for identifying dark matter with CoGeNT
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE dark matter theory; dark matter detectors; dark matter experiments
ID NUCLEAR RECOILS; CALIBRATION
AB It has previously been shown that the excess of events reported by the CoGeNT collaboration could be generated by elastically scattering dark matter particles with a mass of approximately 5-15 GeV. This mass range is very similar to that required to generate the annual modulation observed by DAMA/LIBRA and the gamma rays from the region surrounding the Galactic Center identified within the data of the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope. To confidently conclude that CoGeNT's excess is the result of dark matter, however, further data will likely be needed. In this paper, we make projections for the first full year of CoGeNT data, and for its planned upgrade. Not only will this body of data more accurately constrain the spectrum of nuclear recoil events, and corresponding dark matter parameter space, but will also make it possible to identify seasonal variations in the rate. In particular, if the CoGeNT excess is the product of dark matter, then one year of CoGeNT data will likely reveal an annual modulation with a significance of 2-3 sigma. The planned CoGeNT upgrade will not only detect such an annual modulation with high significance, but will be capable of measuring the energy spectrum of the modulation amplitude. These measurements will be essential to irrefutably confirming a dark matter origin of these events.
C1 [Kelso, Chris] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Hooper, Dan] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab Ctr Particle Astrophys MS127, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Hooper, Dan] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Kelso, C (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, 5720 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM ckelso@uchicago.edu; dhooper@fnal.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER40896]; NASA [NAG5-10842]
FX We would like to thank Juan Collar for helpful discussions. DH and CK
are supported by the US Department of Energy, including grant
DE-FG02-95ER40896, and by NASA grant NAG5-10842.
NR 44
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
IS 2
AR 002
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2011/02/002
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 728FK
UT WOS:000287859800003
ER
PT J
AU Molina, SI
Guerrero, MP
Galindo, PL
Sales, DL
Varela, M
Pennycook, SJ
AF Molina, Sergio I.
Guerrero, Maria P.
Galindo, Pedro L.
Sales, David L.
Varela, Maria
Pennycook, Stephen J.
TI Calculation of integrated intensities in aberration-corrected Z-contrast
images
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Z-contrast; HAADF-STEM; high-angle annular dark-field; scanning
transmission electron microscopy; aberration-corrected; image simulation
ID DARK-FIELD IMAGES; RESOLUTION
AB Inclusion of spatial incoherence has been shown to give quantitative agreement between non-aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy images and theoretical simulations. Here we show that, using the same approach, a significant improvement in the correlation between calculated and experimental normalized integrated intensities is obtained in the InAsP ternary semiconductor alloy, but residual discrepancies remain. We have demonstrated, in good agreement with experimental intensities obtained in calibrated samples, that normalized integrated intensities show a low dependence on the sample thickness over a wide range of thickness values. This behaviour does not occur in conventional (non-aberration-corrected) images and constitutes a powerful tool for straightforward interpretation of high-resolution images in terms of atomic column-resolved compositional maps.
C1 [Molina, Sergio I.; Sales, David L.] Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencia Mat, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
[Molina, Sergio I.; Sales, David L.] Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, IMyQI, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
[Guerrero, Maria P.; Galindo, Pedro L.] Univ Cadiz, Dept Lenguajes & Sistemas Informt, CASEM, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
[Varela, Maria; Pennycook, Stephen J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Molina, SI (reprint author), Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencia Mat, Campus Rio San Pedro S-N, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
EM sergio.molina@uca.es
RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Sales,
David/K-9453-2014; GALINDO, PEDRO/L-6183-2014; Molina,
Sergio/A-8241-2008
OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Sales, David/0000-0001-6652-514X;
GALINDO, PEDRO/0000-0003-0892-8113; Molina, Sergio/0000-0002-5221-2852
FU Spanish MCI [TEC2008-06756-C03-02/TEC, CSD2009-00013]; Junta de
Andalucia (PAI research groups) [TEP-120, TIC-145, P08-TEP-03516]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division
FX This work was supported by the Spanish MCI (projects
TEC2008-06756-C03-02/TEC and CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 CSD2009-00013) and
the Junta de Andalucia (PAI research groups TEP-120 and TIC-145; project
P08-TEP-03516). Work at ORNL was sponsored by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(M. V. and S.J.P.).
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 23
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0744
J9 J ELECTRON MICROSC
JI J. Electron Microsc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 60
IS 1
BP 29
EP 33
DI 10.1093/jmicro/dfq078
PG 5
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 720AW
UT WOS:000287253600005
PM 21106600
ER
PT J
AU Mao, F
Gaunt, JA
Cheng, CL
Ong, SK
AF Mao, Feng
Gaunt, James A.
Cheng, Chu-Lin
Ong, Say Kee
TI Microscopic Visualization Technique to Predict the Permeation of Organic
Solvents through PVC Pipes in Water Distribution Systems
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Water distribution systems; Organic compounds; Gasoline; Microscopy;
Permeation; PVC pipe
ID CASE-II DIFFUSION; POLYMERS; CHEMICALS; TRANSPORT; SORPTION
AB Organic contaminants may permeate through plastic pipes in water distribution systems and adversely affect the quality of drinking water. In this study, we developed a microscopic visualization technique to investigate the permeation of common organic contaminants (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and trichloroethene) through polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. By observing the propagation of organic moving fronts in the pipe materials with a light microscope, the technique was able to predict the permeation breakthrough times through PVC pipes that were determined in the pipe-bottle test. The advance of an organic moving front was found to be linearly dependent on the square-root of time and the propagation rate increased with an increase in the external organic chemical activity. Permeation of organic mixtures into PVC pipes was found to be additive in proportion to the permeation rates and volume percents of each component. In combination with a 2-year pipe-bottle test for PVC pipes exposed to premium gasoline, mathematical extrapolations based on the microscopic visualization tests predicted that PVC pipe are likely to resist permeation by commercial gasoline for the service life of the pipe.
C1 [Mao, Feng] Arizona Dept Environm Qual, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA.
[Gaunt, James A.; Ong, Say Kee] Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Cheng, Chu-Lin] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Mao, F (reprint author), Arizona Dept Environm Qual, 1110 W Washington St, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA.
EM mf8@azdeq.gov; jagaunt@iastate.edu; ccheng7@utk.edu; skong@iastate.edu
RI MAO, FENG/E-1167-2011; Cheng, Chu-Lin/G-3471-2013; Ong, Say
Kee/H-7026-2013
OI Cheng, Chu-Lin/0000-0002-1900-463X; Ong, Say Kee/0000-0002-5008-4279
FU Water Research Foundation
FX The writers thank the Water Research Foundation (formerly AwwaRF) for
its financial and administrative assistance in funding and managing the
project. The comments and views detailed herein may not necessarily
reflect the views of the Water Research Foundation, its officers,
directors, affiliates, or agents.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 137
IS 2
BP 137
EP 145
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000306
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 706LN
UT WOS:000286220000005
ER
PT J
AU Gakh, AA
Burnett, MN
AF Gakh, Andrei A.
Burnett, Michael N.
TI Extreme modulation properties of aromatic fluorine
SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Free-Wilson analysis; Modular chemical descriptor language (MCDL);
Aromatic fluorine; Biological activity; Modulation; Singular value
decomposition; NCI database
ID CANCER-CELL-LINES; MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY; ANTITUMOR BENZOTHIAZOLES;
BIOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES; DRUG DESIGN; INHIBITORS; OPTIMIZATION; POTENT;
AGENTS
AB Thorough examination of the current literature as well as publicly available databases allowed us to qualify aromatic fluorine as a unique modulator of biological properties of organic compounds. In some rare cases, introduction of fluorine increased biological activity 100,000 times and even higher. We have also identified several examples where aromatic fluorine substantially reduced biological activity. Selected individual cases of extreme modulation are presented and discussed in the paper. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gakh, Andrei A.; Burnett, Michael N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Gakh, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gakhaa@ornl.gov; burnettmn@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle,
LLC, under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This
paper is a contribution from the Discovery Chemistry Project.
NR 32
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0022-1139
J9 J FLUORINE CHEM
JI J. Fluor. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 132
IS 2
BP 88
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2010.11.009
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 728WW
UT WOS:000287906200002
ER
PT J
AU Kientiz, B
Yamada, H
Nonoyama, N
Weber, AZ
AF Kientiz, Brian
Yamada, Haruhiko
Nonoyama, Nobuaki
Weber, Adam Z.
TI Interfacial Water Transport Effects in Proton-Exchange Membranes
SO JOURNAL OF FUEL CELL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE polymer-electrolyte fuel cell; water transport; proton-exchange
membrane; interfacial resistance
ID POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SURFACE IONIC
ACTIVITY; NAFION MEMBRANES; FUEL-CELLS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; SCHROEDERS
PARADOX; HYDRATION; SORPTION; CONDUCTIVITY
AB It is well known that the proton-exchange membrane is perhaps the most critical component of a polymer-electrolyte fuel cell. Typical membranes, such as Nafion (R), require hydration to conduct efficiently and are instrumental in cell water management. Recently, evidence has been shown that these membranes might have different interfacial morphology and transport properties than in bulk. In this paper, experimental data combined with theoretical simulations that explore the existence and impact of interfacial resistance on water transport for Nafion (R) 21x membranes will be presented. A mass-transfer coefficient for the interfacial resistance is calculated from experimental data using different permeation cells. This coefficient is shown to depend exponentially on relative humidity or water activity. The interfacial resistance does not seem to exist for liquid/membrane or membrane/membrane interfaces. The effect of the interfacial resistance is to flatten the water content profiles within the membrane during operation. Under typical operating conditions, the resistance is on par with the water transport resistance of the bulk membrane. Thus, the interfacial resistance can be dominant especially in thin, dry membranes and can affect overall fuel cell performance. [DOI:10.1115/1.4002398]
C1 [Kientiz, Brian; Weber, Adam Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yamada, Haruhiko] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Aichi 4801192, Japan.
[Nonoyama, Nobuaki] Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan.
RP Weber, AZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM azweber@lbl.gov
OI Weber, Adam/0000-0002-7749-1624
FU Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Hydrogen, Fuel Cell,
and Infrastructure Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LBNL [LB08003874]; TMC [LB08003874]
FX This work was supported by the CRADA under Agreement No. LB08003874
between LBNL and TMC as well as the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Hydrogen, Fuel Cell, and
Infrastructure Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 27
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 28
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1550-624X
J9 J FUEL CELL SCI TECH
JI J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 1
AR 011013
DI 10.1115/1.4002398
PG 7
GA 676RP
UT WOS:000283935100013
ER
PT J
AU Dias, CCA
Moraes, MP
Segundo, FDS
de los Santos, T
Grubman, MJ
AF Dias, Camila C. A.
Moraes, Mauro P.
Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San
de los Santos, Teresa
Grubman, Marvin J.
TI Porcine Type I Interferon Rapidly Protects Swine Against Challenge with
Multiple Serotypes of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; SUBUNIT VACCINE; REPLICATION; COMBINATION;
INHIBITION; INFECTION; RESPONSES; PROTEINS; FMDV
AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Current inactivated vaccines require approximately 7 days to induce protection, but before this time vaccinated animals remain susceptible to disease. Previously, we demonstrated that intramuscular (IM) inoculation of a replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector containing a porcine interferon alpha gene (pIFN alpha) can protect swine challenged 1 day later by intradermal (ID) injection with FMDV A24 Cruzeiro from both clinical disease and virus replication. To extend these studies to other FMDV serotypes, we demonstrated the effectiveness of Ad5-pIFN alpha against ID challenge with O1 Manisa and Asia-1 and against A24 Cruzeiro in a direct contact challenge model. We also showed that an Ad5 vector containing the pIFN beta gene can protect swine against ID challenge with A24 Cruzeiro. Further, IM inoculation of a 10-fold lower dose of Ad5-pIFN alpha at 4 sites in the neck compared with 1 site in the hind limb can protect swine against ID challenge. These studies demonstrate the ability of Ad5-delivered type I IFN to rapidly protect swine against several FMDV serotypes and suggest that various modifications of this approach may enable this strategy to be successfully used in other FMD susceptible species.
C1 [Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, N Atlantic Area, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
[Dias, Camila C. A.; Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, N Atlantic Area, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov
FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS
[1940-32000-053-00D]; Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S.
Department of Agriculture; Department of Homeland Security
[60-1940-7-47]
FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease
Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute
for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the
U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(appointment of Camila C.A. Dias and Fayna Diaz-San Segundo); by CRIS
project no. 1940-32000-053-00D, Agricultural Research Service (ARS),
U.S. Department of Agriculture (M.J. Grubman, T. de los Santos); and by
reimbursable agreement no. 60-1940-7-47 with the Department of Homeland
Security (M.J. Grubman).
NR 27
TC 32
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 5
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1079-9907
J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES
JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 2
BP 227
EP 236
DI 10.1089/jir.2010.0055
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology
GA 719UB
UT WOS:000287234200004
PM 20874428
ER
PT J
AU Wang, L
Hu, WY
Deng, HQ
Xiao, SF
Yang, JY
Gao, F
Heinisch, HL
Hu, SL
AF Wang, Liang
Hu, Wangyu
Deng, Huiqiu
Xiao, Shifang
Yang, Jianyu
Gao, Fei
Heinisch, Howard L.
Hu, Shilin
TI Helium nanobubble release from Pd surface: An atomic simulation
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID PALLADIUM TRITIDE; METAL TRITIDES; BUBBLE; POTENTIALS; EVOLUTION
AB Molecular dynamic simulations of helium atoms escaping from a helium-filled nanobubble near the surface of crystalline palladium reveal unexpected behavior. Significant deformation and cracking near the helium bubble occur initially, and then a channel forms between the bubble and the surface, providing a pathway for helium atoms to propagate toward the surface. The helium atoms erupt from the bubble in an instantaneous and volcano-like process, which leads to surface deformation consisting of cavity formation on the surface, along with modification and atomic rearrangement at the periphery of the cavity. The present simulation results show that, near the palladium surface, there is a helium-bubble-free zone, or denuded zone, with a typical thickness of about 3.0 nm. Combined with experimental measurements and continuum-scale evolutionary model predictions, the present atomic simulations demonstrate that the thickness of the denuded zone, which contains a low concentration of helium atoms, is somewhat larger than the diameter of the helium bubbles in the metal tritide. Furthermore, a relationship between the tensile strength and thickness of metal film is also determined.
C1 [Wang, Liang; Hu, Wangyu; Deng, Huiqiu; Xiao, Shifang; Yang, Jianyu] Hunan Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Fei; Heinisch, Howard L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Hu, Shilin] China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.
RP Hu, WY (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM wangyuhu2001cn@yahoo.com.cn; fei.gao@pnl.gov
RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012; Hu, Wangyu/B-5762-2009; Deng, Huiqiu/A-9530-2009
OI Hu, Wangyu/0000-0001-7416-3994; Deng, Huiqiu/0000-0001-8986-104X
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50871038]; China Institute
of Atomic Energy; High Performance Computing Center of the Hunan
University; United States Department of Fusion Energy Science
[DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (50871038), China Institute of Atomic Energy, and
the High Performance Computing Center of the Hunan University. F. Gao
and H. L. Heinisch are grateful to the support from the United States
Department of Fusion Energy Science under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO
1830.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 15
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 3
BP 416
EP 423
DI 10.1557/jmr.2010.49
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 793LG
UT WOS:000292823200008
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, ZH
Sharma, PA
Lavernia, EJ
Yang, N
AF Zhang, Zhihui
Sharma, Peter A.
Lavernia, Enrique J.
Yang, Nancy
TI Thermoelectric and transport properties of nanostructured Bi2Te3 by
spark plasma sintering
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BISMUTH TELLURIDE ALLOYS; N-TYPE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CONSOLIDATION;
DENSIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; CRYSTALS; DIAGRAMS; DEFECTS; SB2TE3
AB N-type Bi2Te3 alloys with different microstructural length scales were prepared by mechanical milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, carrier concentration, and Hall mobility along and perpendicular to the loading direction were determined and characterized. The SPS sintered bulk disks using nanostructured powder contain high nanoporosity and weak (001) texture along the loading axis, in contrast to those obtained with coarse powder. The influence of nanoporosity and texture on the thermoelectric and transport properties in the n-type Bi2Te3 alloys is discussed in light of the microstructural characteristics at different length scales.
C1 [Zhang, Zhihui; Lavernia, Enrique J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Sharma, Peter A.; Yang, Nancy] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Zhang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM zhizhang@ucdavis.edu
RI Sharma, Peter/G-1917-2011; Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013
OI Sharma, Peter/0000-0002-3071-7382; Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964
FU Sandia National Laboratories [826008]
FX This research was supported by Sandia National Laboratories under
Contract No. 826008. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy.
NR 34
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 18
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 3
BP 475
EP 484
DI 10.1557/jmr.2010.67
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 793LG
UT WOS:000292823200016
ER
PT J
AU Tung, RC
Lee, JW
Sumali, H
Raman, A
AF Tung, Ryan C.
Lee, Jin Woo
Sumali, Hartono
Raman, Arvind
TI Non-monotonic pressure dependence of resonant frequencies of
microelectromechanical systems supported on squeeze films
SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID MEMS; GAS
AB The resonant frequencies of released microcantilevers, microbeams, and microplates are among the most important response characteristics for microelectromechanical systems such as resonators, sensors, and radio frequency (RF) switches. It is generally believed that the resonance frequencies of such structures decrease monotonically as the surrounding gas pressure is increased from vacuum conditions. However, we find that for microbeams supported on gas films the natural frequencies of the device can first increase and then decrease with increasing gas pressure from vacuum, with the extent of non-monotonicity depending on device geometry. This anomalous property of a wide class of microelectromechanical systems is explained in terms of the competing inertial and compressive effects of the supporting squeeze film.
C1 [Tung, Ryan C.; Raman, Arvind] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Lee, Jin Woo] Ajou Univ, Div Mech Engn, Suwon 441749, South Korea.
[Sumali, Hartono] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Tung, RC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM rtung@purdue.edu; jinwoolee@ajou.ac.kr; raman@purdue.edu
RI Lee, Jin Woo/A-8031-2013
OI Lee, Jin Woo/0000-0001-8634-6755
FU Department of Energy (National Nuclear Security Administration)
[DE-FC52-08NA28617]; United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC04-94-AL85000]
FX We would like to acknowledge professor Dimitrios Peroulis for graciously
providing the PRISM fixed-fixed beams for this study. This material is
based upon work supported by the Department of Energy (National Nuclear
Security Administration) under Award Number DE-FC52-08NA28617. Part of
this work was conducted at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a
multi-program laboratory operated under Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0960-1317
J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG
JI J. Micromech. Microeng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
AR 025003
DI 10.1088/0960-1317/21/2/025003
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA 711ZD
UT WOS:000286630000003
ER
PT J
AU Kindle, LM
Kakadiaris, IA
Ju, T
Carson, JP
AF Kindle, L. M.
Kakadiaris, I. A.
Ju, T.
Carson, J. P.
TI A semiautomated approach for artefact removal in serial tissue
cryosections
SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlas; brain; gene expression; histology; image analysis; mouse
ID GENE-EXPRESSION; MOUSE-BRAIN; ATLAS; PATTERNS; STRESS; MECP2
AB P>Thinly sliced serial tissue sections of an organ can be imaged using optical microscopy at a resolution detailing individual cells. When the tissue sections are first subjected to in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry, these data sets can be analysed for changes in gene expression and gene products. Such spatial information is important for understanding the functional effects of experimental or environmental challenges to the organism. However, a critical step in analysing these data sets is mitigating artefacts that result from the preparation of the tissue sections. In this paper, we describe an automated method with manual validation tools that together enable detecting and addressing artefacts including dust particles and air bubbles.
C1 [Kindle, L. M.; Carson, J. P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Kakadiaris, I. A.] Univ Houston, Dept Comp Sci, Computat Biomed Lab, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Ju, T.] Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO USA.
RP Carson, JP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM james.carson@pnl.gov
OI Kakadiaris, Ioannis/0000-0002-0591-1079
FU Department of Energy's Office of Science
FX This work was supported in part by the Science Undergraduate Laboratory
Internships (SULI) program through the Department of Energy's Office of
Science. Additional support was provided by NSF BDI 0743691 and NIH
1R21NS058553-01. Image data was graciously provided by Huda Zoghbi and
Christina Thaller at Baylor College of Medicine. We thank Rick Jacob for
his helpful comments.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-2720
J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD
JI J. Microsc..
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 241
IS 2
BP 200
EP 206
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03424.x
PG 7
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 705EA
UT WOS:000286110500012
PM 21118219
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Jeong, KE
Jeong, SY
Park, YK
Kim, DH
Jeon, JK
AF Kim, Hyeonjoo
Jeong, Kwang-Eun
Jeong, Soon-Yong
Park, Young-Kwon
Kim, Do Heui
Jeon, Jong-Ki
TI Utilization of a By-Product Produced from Oxidative Desulfurization
Process Over Cs-Mesoporous Silica Catalysts
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
CY NOV 05-06, 2009
CL Mokpo Natl Univ, Muan, SOUTH KOREA
HO Mokpo Natl Univ
DE Mesoporous Silica; Oxidative Desulfurized Diesel; Incorporated Cesium;
Solid Base Catalyst; Dibenzothiophene Sulfone
ID DIBENZOTHIOPHENE SULFONE; OXIDE CATALYSTS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; REMOVAL;
TOLUENE
AB We investigated the use of Cs-mesoporous silica catalysts to upgrade a by-product of oxidative desulfurization (ODS). Cs-mesoporous silica catalysts were characterized through N(2) adsorption, XRD, CO(2)-temperature-programmed desorption, and XRF. Cs-mesoporous silica prepared by the direct incorporation method showed higher catalytic performance than a Cs/MCM-41 catalyst by impregnation method for the catalytic decomposition of sulfone compounds produced from ODS process.
C1 [Kim, Hyeonjoo; Jeon, Jong-Ki] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cheonan 330717, Chungnam, South Korea.
[Jeong, Kwang-Eun; Jeong, Soon-Yong] Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Green Chem Res Div, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
[Park, Young-Kwon] Univ Seoul, Dept Urban Environm Syst Engn, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Park, Young-Kwon] Univ Seoul, Sch Environm Engn, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Kim, Do Heui] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Jeon, JK (reprint author), Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cheonan 330717, Chungnam, South Korea.
RI Kim, Do Heui/I-3727-2015
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1533-4880
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 1706
EP 1709
DI 10.1166/jnn.2011.3333
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 718ZZ
UT WOS:000287167900155
PM 21456272
ER
PT J
AU Bajaj, S
Garay, A
Landa, A
Soderlind, P
Turchi, P
Arroyave, R
AF Bajaj, Saurabh
Garay, Andres
Landa, Alexander
Soederlind, Per
Turchi, Patrice
Arroyave, Raymundo
TI Thermodynamic study of the Np-Zr system
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; NEPTUNIUM-ZIRCONIUM;
BASIS-SET; ALLOYS; TRANSITION; PRESSURE
AB A thermodynamic model of the Np-Zr system is developed using the CALPHAD method, and a review of previous work performed on this system is presented here. In general, results obtained are in good agreement with those proposed from experimental observations. It is found that the nature of reactivity of Np with Zr, is different from that of U and Pu: an expected elevation of melting point of Np-Zr alloys was not seen and a miscibility gap existed between the high-temperature bcc phases of Np and Zr. Formation enthalpy of the bcc phase obtained from the model is compared with results from KKR-ASA-CPA calculations. Lattice stabilities of various phases in the system are compared to values obtained from first-principles LDA and GGA calculations. The delta-NpZr(2) phase is modeled as a non-stoichiometric phase with a C32 structure, similar to what has been determined for the delta-phase in the U-Zr system. This phase is analogous to omega-phase in pure Zr, which is stabilized at high pressures. Two different possibilities for stability of the delta and omega phases have been proposed in the present work. Finally, calculated changes in enthalpy versus temperature are plotted for two alloys to guide future experimental work in resolving important issues in this system. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bajaj, Saurabh; Arroyave, Raymundo] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Garay, Andres] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN CINVESTAV, Unidad Queretaro, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
[Landa, Alexander; Soederlind, Per; Turchi, Patrice] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Arroyave, Raymundo] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Arroyave, R (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 119 ENPH,Mail Stop 3123, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM rarroyave@tamu.edu
RI Arroyave, Raymundo/A-4106-2013
OI Arroyave, Raymundo/0000-0001-7548-8686
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [B575366, B575363]; US DOE by the
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Task Order B575366 and Master Task Agreement B575363. The work of A.L.,
P.S. and P.T. has been performed under the auspices of the US DOE by the
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344. The TAMU-CONACYT program is acknowledged for partial
support of A.G. The authors would like to thank Tahir Cagin and Cem
Sevik from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University
for their valuable discussions on this work. First-principles
calculations were performed in the Hydra cluster at the Texas A&M
Super-computing Facility, the Chemical Engineering Cluster at Texas A&M
University as well as in the Ranger Cluster at the Texas Advanced
Computing Center.
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 409
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.10.085
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 724BR
UT WOS:000287551600001
ER
PT J
AU Putirka, K
Ryerson, FJ
Perfit, M
Ridley, WI
AF Putirka, Keith
Ryerson, F. J.
Perfit, Michael
Ridley, W. Ian
TI Mineralogy and Composition of the Oceanic Mantle
SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mineralogy; mantle composition; partial melting; Hawaii; Siqueiros
ID SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT; MIDOCEAN RIDGE BASALTS; EAST PACIFIC RISE;
MAUNA-KEA VOLCANO; TRACE-ELEMENT; HAWAIIAN PLUME; BENEATH HAWAII; ISLAND
BASALTS; KOOLAU VOLCANO; ORTHO-PYROXENE
AB The mineralogy of the oceanic basalt source region is examined by testing whether a peridotite mineralogy can yield observed whole-rock and olivine compositions from (1) the Hawaiian Islands, our type example of a mantle plume, and (2) the Siqueiros Transform, which provides primitive samples of normal mid-ocean ridge basalt. New olivine compositional data from phase 2 of the Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project (HSDP2) show that higher Ni-in-olivine at the Hawaiian Islands is due to higher temperatures (T) of melt generation and processing (by c. 300 degrees C) related to the Hawaiian mantle plume. Pm is low at high T, so parental Hawaiian basalts are enriched in NiO. When Hawaiian (picritic) parental magmas are transported to shallow depths, olivine precipitation occurs at lower temperatures, where D-Ni is high, leading to high Ni-in-olivine. Similarly, variations in Mn and Fe/Mn ratios in olivines are explained by contrasts in the temperatures of magma processing. Using the most mafic rocks to delimit Siqueiros and Hawaiian Co and Ni contents in parental magmas and mantle source compositions also shows that both suites can be derived from natural peridotites, but are inconsistent with partial melting of natural pyroxenites. Whole-rock compositions at Hawaii and Siqueiros are also matched by partial melting experiments conducted on peridotite bulk compositions. Hawaiian whole-rocks have elevated FeO contents compared with Siqueiros, which can be explained if Hawaiian parental magmas are generated from peridotite at 4-5 GPa, in contrast to pressures of slightly greater than 1 GPa for melt generation at Siqueiros; these pressures are consistent with olivine thermometry, as described in an earlier paper. SiO2-enriched Koolau compositions are reproduced if high-Fe Hawaiian parental magmas re-equilibrate at 1-1.5 GPa. Peridotite partial melts from experimental studies also reproduce the CaO and Al2O3 contents of Hawaiian (and Siqueiros) whole-rocks. Hawaiian magmas have TiO2 contents, however, that are enriched compared with melts from natural peridotites and magmas derived from the Siqueiros depleted mantle, and consequently may require an enriched source. TiO2 is not the only element that is enriched relative to melts of natural peridotites. Moderately incompatible elements, such as Ti, Zr, Hf, Gamma, and Eu, and compatible elements, such as Gamma b and Lu, are all enriched at the Hawaiian Islands. Such enrichments can be explained by adding 5-10% mid-ocean ridge basalt (crust) to depleted mantle; when the major element composition of such a mixture is recast into mineral components, the result is a fertile peridotite mineralogy.
C1 [Putirka, Keith] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Fresno, CA 93740 USA.
[Ryerson, F. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Perfit, Michael] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Ridley, W. Ian] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Putirka, K (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 2576 E San Ramon Ave,MS ST25, Fresno, CA 93740 USA.
EM kputirka@csufresno.edu
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR 0337345, OCE-90-19154]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants to
K.P. (NSF-EAR 0337345) and M.P. (OCE-90-19154). W.I.R. publishes with
the permission of the Director of the US Geological Survey
NR 121
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 3
U2 46
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3530
J9 J PETROL
JI J. Petrol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 2
BP 279
EP 313
DI 10.1093/petrology/egq080
PG 35
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 721EY
UT WOS:000287337600003
ER
PT J
AU Beene, JR
Bardayan, DW
Uribarri, AG
Gross, CJ
Jones, KL
Liang, JF
Nazarewicz, W
Stracener, DW
Tatum, BA
Varner, RL
AF Beene, J. R.
Bardayan, D. W.
Uribarri, A. Galindo
Gross, C. J.
Jones, K. L.
Liang, J. F.
Nazarewicz, W.
Stracener, D. W.
Tatum, B. A.
Varner, R. L.
TI ISOL science at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COULOMB-EXCITATION; DECAY SPECTROSCOPY; SUBBARRIER FUSION; EXOTIC
NUCLEI; HEAVY; HRIBF; ISOTOPES; FISSION; ENHANCEMENT; SEPARATOR
AB The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) provides high-quality Isotope Separator Online beams of short-lived, radioactive nuclei for nuclear structure and reaction studies, astrophysics research, and interdisciplinary applications. The primary driver, the Oak Ridge Isochronous Cyclotron, produces rare isotopes by bombarding highly refractory targets with light ions. The radioactive isotopes are ionized, formed into a beam, mass selected, injected into the 25 MV tandem, accelerated, and used in experiments. This paper reviews the HRIBF and its users' science.
C1 [Beene, J. R.; Bardayan, D. W.; Uribarri, A. Galindo; Gross, C. J.; Liang, J. F.; Nazarewicz, W.; Stracener, D. W.; Tatum, B. A.; Varner, R. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Jones, K. L.; Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Beene, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM beenejr@ornl.gov
RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011
OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379
FU Office of Nuclear Physics, the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-96ER40983]
FX We gratefully thank all HRIBF users for their support throughout the
years and particularly wish to thank the authors whose work has been
mentioned in the text. We also acknowledge the HRIBF staff for their
hard work and continuing efforts to improve the number, intensity, and
purity of RIBs available. We thank D C Radford, K Rykaczewski, and D
Shapira for contributing to this manuscript. This research is sponsored
by the Office of Nuclear Physics, the US Department of Energy under
contracts DE-AC05-00OR22725 (ORNL) and DE-FG02-96ER40983 (UTK).
NR 103
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3899
EI 1361-6471
J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC
JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 2
AR 024002
DI 10.1088/0954-3899/38/2/024002
PG 35
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 706LJ
UT WOS:000286219600003
ER
PT J
AU Morfa, AJ
Barnes, TM
Ferguson, AJ
Levi, DH
Rumbles, G
Rowlen, KL
van de Lagemaat, J
AF Morfa, Anthony J.
Barnes, Teresa M.
Ferguson, Andrew J.
Levi, Dean H.
Rumbles, Garry
Rowlen, Kathy L.
van de Lagemaat, Jao
TI Optical Characterization of Pristine Poly(3-Hexyl thiophene) Films
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE conducting polymers; conjugated polymers; dielectric properties;
flexible electronics; modeling; optics; organic electronics;
photophysics; polyaromatics; refractive index; solar cells
ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOVOLTAIC
DEVICES; EFFICIENCY; POLYTHIOPHENE; ANISOTROPY; FULLERENE; ABSORPTION;
BLENDS
AB We describe a comprehensive model for the optical properties of pristine films of poly-(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The presented model is anisotropic with the optical axis normal to the substrate plane, which is consistent with previous x-ray diffraction studies that show preferential edge-on packing of the polymer chains on the substrate. Peak locations and spacings are defined using a Huang-Rhys vibronic progression consistent with known phonon energies. We demonstrate that the model fits variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and normal-incidence transmission data well, and accurately predicts angle- and polarization-dependent transmission and reflection data. The spectral features of the optical constants used in the model are in excellent agreement with published spectroscopic data on P3HT. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 186-194, 2011
C1 [Morfa, Anthony J.; Barnes, Teresa M.; Ferguson, Andrew J.; Levi, Dean H.; Rumbles, Garry; van de Lagemaat, Jao] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Rowlen, Kathy L.] InDevR Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP van de Lagemaat, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Jao.vandeLagemaat@nrel.gov
RI Morfa, Anthony/D-2153-2011; van de Lagemaat, Jao/J-9431-2012; Rumbles,
Garry/A-3045-2014;
OI Rumbles, Garry/0000-0003-0776-1462; Ferguson, Andrew/0000-0003-2544-1753
FU NSF-IGERT; Airforce MURI [153-6087]; NREL LDRD; US Government
[DE-AC36-08G028308]
FX The authors acknowledge the helpful discussions with the employees of
the J. A. Woollam Company, namely Ron Synowicki and James Hilfiker, for
their assistance with the uncommon User Programmable Dispersion Layers.
Anthony Morfa thank the NSF-IGERT and Airforce MURI (Grant No. 153-6087)
programs for financial support. The NREL authors acknowledge the NREL
LDRD program for funding. The submitted manuscript has been offered by
an employee of the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC (Alliance), a
contractor of the US Government under Contract No.DE-AC36-08G028308.
NR 40
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 47
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 186
EP 194
DI 10.1002/polb.22183
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 712TJ
UT WOS:000286688800003
ER
PT J
AU Lu, WQ
Jansen, A
Dees, D
Nelson, P
Veselka, NR
Henriksen, G
AF Lu, Wenquan
Jansen, Andrew
Dees, Dennis
Nelson, Paul
Veselka, Nicholas R.
Henriksen, Gary
TI High-energy electrode investigation for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE High-energy density electrode; Lithium-ion battery; Plug-in hybrid
electric vehicle
ID PERFORMANCE; BATTERIES
AB In addition to the development of high-energy density electrode materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, other engineering approaches, such as electrode optimization, should be considered in order to meet the energy requirements of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). This work investigates the impact of the electrode thickness on the energy density of (Li-ion) batteries. The impedance results from the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test indicate that the electrode resistance is inversely proportional to the electrode thickness. This feature makes it possible to use thicker electrodes in (Li-ion) batteries to meet PHEV power requirements. The practical electrode thickness is determined to be around 100 mu m, if considering the electrode mechanical integrity when using conventional PVDF binders. Furthermore, cycle performance shows that cells with a higher loading density have a similar capacity retention to cells with a lower loading density. (C) Elsevier. B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lu, Wenquan; Jansen, Andrew; Dees, Dennis; Nelson, Paul; Veselka, Nicholas R.; Henriksen, Gary] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lu, WQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM luw@anl.gov
RI Jansen, Andrew/Q-5912-2016
OI Jansen, Andrew/0000-0003-3244-7790
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created by the UChicago Argonne, LLC
as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne") under Contract
No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S.
Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a
paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepared derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government.
NR 12
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 196
IS 3
SI SI
BP 1537
EP 1540
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.117
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 687PK
UT WOS:000284790200096
ER
PT J
AU Wadia, C
Albertus, P
Srinivasan, V
AF Wadia, Cyrus
Albertus, Paul
Srinivasan, Venkat
TI Resource constraints on the battery energy storage potential for grid
and transportation applications
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Batteries; Lithium; Renewable energy; Earth abundance; Electric
vehicles; Grid storage
AB Batteries have great promise for facilitating the grid integration of renewable energy and powering electric vehicles. One critical concern for the scale-up of battery production is the availability of elements used in battery couples. We provide the first systematic comparison of supply limits and extraction costs of the elements in battery couples against short- and long-term scaling goals. Several couples can scale well beyond short- and long-term grid-storage goals, including: Na/S, Zn/Cl(2,) and FeCl(2)/CrCl(3.) Li-based couples currently have the performance characteristics most suitable for electric vehicles, yet scaling beyond 10MM vehicles per year will demand significant increases in Li production. We also provide a framework to evaluate new couples, such as those based on Mg, which may be an alternative to Li-based couples. While the extraction costs of the elements used in current battery couples are, in many cases, below 105$kWh(-1), the cost of finished battery cells is in the range of 150-1000$KWh(-1), well above cost targets of 100$kWh(-1) for both grid and transportation applications. Currently high costs remain a critical barrier to the widespread scale-up of battery energy storage. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wadia, Cyrus] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wadia, Cyrus] Univ Calif Berkeley, Haas Sch Business, Energy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Albertus, Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Srinivasan, Venkat] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Albertus, P (reprint author), Robert Bosch Res & Technol Ctr, 4009 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
EM cnwadia@lbl.gov; albertus@berkeley.edu; vsrinivasan@lbl.gov
NR 21
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 10
U2 60
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 196
IS 3
SI SI
BP 1593
EP 1598
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.056
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 687PK
UT WOS:000284790200104
ER
PT J
AU Jin, GB
Soderholm, L
AF Jin, Geng Bang
Soderholm, L.
TI Syntheses and single-crystal structures of CsTh(MoO4)(2)Cl and
Na4Th(WO4)(4)
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thorium; Molybdate; Tungstate; Insertion compound; Single-crystal
structure
ID DOUBLE MOLYBDATES; SCHEELITE STRUCTURE; THORIUM; SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; ION;
RB; TUNGSTATES; REFINEMENT; ARSENATES
AB Colorless crystals of CsTh(MoO4)(2)Cl and Na4Th(WO4)(4) have been synthesized at 993 K by the solid-state reactions of ThO2, MoO3, CsCl, and ThCl4 with Na2WO4. Both compounds have been characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of CsTh(MoO4)(2)Cl is orthorhombic, consisting of two adjacent [Th(MoO4)(2)I layers separated by an ionic CsCl sublattice. It can be considered as an insertion compound of Th(MoO4)(2) and reformulated as Th(MoO4)(2).CsCl. The Th atom coordinates to seven monodentate MoO4 tetrahedra and one Cl atom in a highly distorted square antiprism. Na4Th(WO4)(4) adopts a scheelite superlattice structure. The three-dimensional framework of Na4Th(WO4)(4) is constructed from corner-sharing ThO8 square antiprisms and WO4 tetrahedra. The space within the channels is filled by six-coordinate Na ions. Crystal data: CsTh(MoO4)(2)Cl, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, Z=4, a=10.170(1) angstrom, b=10.030(1) angstrom, c=9.649(1) angstrom, beta=95.671(2)degrees, V=979.5(2) angstrom(3), R(F)=2.65% for / > 2 sigma(1); Na4Th(WO4)(4), tetragonal, I4(1)/a, Z=4, a=11.437(1) angstrom, c= 11.833(2) angstrom, V=1547.7(4) angstrom(3), R(F)= 3.02% for I > 2 sigma(I). (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jin, Geng Bang; Soderholm, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, CHM 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Soderholm, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, CHM 200, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM LS@anl.gov
FU U.S. DOE, OBES, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work is supported by the U.S. DOE, OBES, Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences Division under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 184
IS 2
BP 337
EP 342
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.12.003
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 720GN
UT WOS:000287268900016
ER
PT J
AU Pramanick, A
Damjanovic, D
Daniels, JE
Nino, JC
Jones, JL
AF Pramanick, Abhijit
Damjanovic, Dragan
Daniels, John E.
Nino, Juan C.
Jones, Jacob L.
TI Origins of Electro-Mechanical Coupling in Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics
During Subcoercive Electrical Loading
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; THIN-FILMS; PIEZOELECTRIC
PROPERTIES; BARIUM-TITANATE; FERROELASTIC CERAMICS; STATISTICAL-THEORY;
DOMAIN-WALLS; BEHAVIOR; DEPENDENCE
AB The electromechanical coupling in ferroelectric materials is controlled by several coexisting structural phenomena which can include piezoelectric lattice strain, 180 degrees and non-180 degrees domain wall motion, and interphase boundary motion. The structural mechanisms that contribute to electromechanical coupling have not been readily measured in the past, particularly under the low-to-medium driving electric field amplitudes at which many piezoelectric materials are used. In this feature, results from in situ, high-energy, and time-resolved X-ray diffraction experiments are interpreted together with macroscopic piezoelectric coefficient measurements in order to better understand the contribution of these mechanisms to the electromechanical coupling of polycrystalline ferroelectric materials. The compositions investigated include 2 mol% La-doped PbZr0.60Ti0.40O3, 2 mol% La-doped PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3, 2 mol% La-doped PbZr0.40Ti0.60O3, undoped PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3, and 2 mol% Fe-doped PbZr0.47Ti0.53O3. In all compositions, a strong correlation is found between the field-amplitude-dependence of the macroscopic piezoelectric coefficient and the contribution of non-180 degrees domain wall motion determined from the diffraction data. The results show directly that the Rayleigh-like behavior of d(33) piezoelectric coefficient is predominantly due to a Rayleigh-like behavior of non-180 degrees domain wall motion. Furthermore, after separating contributions from lattice (atomic level) and domain wall motion (nanoscale level) to the measured macroscopic piezoelectric properties, we show that previously ignored intergranular interactions (microscopic level) account for a surprisingly large portion of the electromechanical coupling. These results demonstrate that electromechanical coupling in polycrystalline aggregates is substantially different from that observed in single crystalline materials. The construct of emergence is used to describe how averaged macrolevel phenomena are different from the material response observed in an isolated subcomponent of the material. Consequently, and due to its size-scale complexity, the description of grain-to-grain interactions is presently inaccessible in most ab initio and phenomenological approaches. Results presented here demonstrate the need to account for these interactions in order to completely describe macroscopic electromechanical properties of polycrystalline materials.
C1 [Pramanick, Abhijit; Nino, Juan C.; Jones, Jacob L.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Pramanick, Abhijit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Damjanovic, Dragan] Swiss Fed Inst Technol Lausanne EPFL, Inst Mat, Ceram Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Daniels, John E.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
[Daniels, John E.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM jjones@mse.ufl.edu
RI Daniels, John/C-7497-2011; Jones, Jacob/A-8361-2008; Pramanick,
Abhijit/D-9578-2011; Damjanovic, Dragan/A-8231-2008; Nino,
Juan/A-6496-2008
OI Pramanick, Abhijit/0000-0003-0687-4967; Damjanovic,
Dragan/0000-0002-9596-7438; Nino, Juan/0000-0001-8256-0535
FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0746902, OISE-0755170,
CBET-0730900]; U.S. Department of the Army [W911NF-09-1-0435]; Swiss NSF
[200021-116038, PNR62 406240-126091]; Australian Institute of Nuclear
Science and Engineering
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)
under award numbers DMR-0746902 and OISE-0755170, and the U.S.
Department of the Army under W911NF-09-1-0435.; D. D. acknowledges
financial support of the Swiss NSF (No. 200021-116038 and PNR62
406240-126091), J. N. acknowledges financial support from the U.S. NSF
(CBET-0730900), and J. D. acknowledges financial support from the
Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering. The European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility is acknowledged for provision of
synchrotron radiation facilities.
NR 81
TC 114
Z9 114
U1 10
U2 73
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 2
BP 293
EP 309
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.04240.x
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 714SU
UT WOS:000286830100001
ER
PT J
AU Suratwala, TI
Miller, PE
Bude, JD
Steele, WA
Shen, N
Monticelli, MV
Feit, MD
Laurence, TA
Norton, MA
Carr, CW
Wong, LL
AF Suratwala, Tayyab I.
Miller, Phil E.
Bude, Jeffery D.
Steele, William A.
Shen, Nan
Monticelli, Marcus V.
Feit, Michael D.
Laurence, Ted A.
Norton, Mary A.
Carr, C. Wren
Wong, Lana L.
TI HF-Based Etching Processes for Improving Laser Damage Resistance of
Fused Silica Optical Surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB The effect of various HF-based etching processes on the laser damage resistance of scratched fused silica surfaces has been investigated. Conventionally polished and subsequently scratched fused silica plates were treated by submerging in various HF-based etchants (HF or NH4F:HF at various ratios and concentrations) under different process conditions (e.g., agitation frequencies, etch times, rinse conditions, and environmental cleanliness). Subsequently, the laser damage resistance (at 351 or 355 nm) of the treated surface was measured. The laser damage resistance was found to be strongly process dependent and scaled inversely with scratch width. The etching process was optimized to remove or prevent the presence of identified precursors (chemical impurities, fracture surfaces, and silica-based redeposit) known to lead to laser damage initiation. The redeposit precursor was reduced (and hence the damage threshold was increased) by: (1) increasing the SiF(6)2- solubility through reduction in the NH4F concentration and impurity cation impurities, and (2) improving the mass transport of reaction product (SiF(6)2-) (using high-frequency ultrasonic agitation and excessive spray rinsing) away from the etched surface. A 2D finite element crack-etching and rinsing mass transport model (incorporating diffusion and advection) was used to predict reaction product concentration. The predictions are consistent with the experimentally observed process trends. The laser damage thresholds also increased with etched amount (up to similar to 30 mu m), which has been attributed to: (1) etching through lateral cracks where there is poor acid penetration, and (2) increasing the crack opening resulting in increased mass transport rates. With the optimized etch process, laser damage resistance increased dramatically; the average threshold fluence for damage initiation for 30 mu m wide scratches increased from 7 to 41 J/cm2, and the statistical probability of damage initiation at 12 J/cm2 of an ensemble of scratches decreased from similar to 100 mm-1 of scratch length to similar to 0.001 mm-1.
C1 [Suratwala, Tayyab I.; Miller, Phil E.; Bude, Jeffery D.; Steele, William A.; Shen, Nan; Monticelli, Marcus V.; Feit, Michael D.; Laurence, Ted A.; Norton, Mary A.; Carr, C. Wren; Wong, Lana L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Suratwala, TI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM suratwala1@llnl.gov
RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Suratwala,
Tayyab/A-9952-2013
OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; Suratwala, Tayyab/0000-0001-9086-1039
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors would like to thank the AMP production team members (R.
Aboud, B. Bell, T. Biesiada, B. Bishop, D. Coufal, B. Edwards, S.
Frieders, R. Gutierrez, R. Hawley, S. Humphreys, T. Leever, T. Marsh, L.
Minjares, B. Rainey, G. Robitaille, J. Rodriguez, D. Van Lue, S.
Whitehouse) and OSL & damage testing group (M. Bolourchi, H. Bigman, D.
Cross, G. Donohue, B. Hollingsworth, Z. Liao, R. Luthi, J. Prior, F.
Ravizza, G. Guss, R. Negres, J. Adams, T. Weiland, P. Wegner, P.
Whitman) for their efforts. This work was performed under the auspices
of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 under the LDRD program.
NR 26
TC 102
Z9 115
U1 5
U2 60
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 2
BP 416
EP 428
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.04112.x
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 714SU
UT WOS:000286830100023
ER
PT J
AU Tordesillas, A
Lin, Q
Zhang, J
Behringer, RP
Shi, JY
AF Tordesillas, Antoinette
Lin, Qun
Zhang, Jie
Behringer, R. P.
Shi, Jingyu
TI Structural stability and jamming of self-organized cluster conformations
in dense granular materials
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stability; Jamming; Cluster conformations; Force chains; Contact cycles
ID SHEAR; STRESS; DEFORMATION; ASSEMBLIES; EVOLUTION; PACKINGS; CONTACT;
FAILURE; MEDIA; SOILS
AB We examine emergent, self-organized particle cluster conformations in quasistatically deforming dense granular materials from the perspective of structural stability. A structural mechanics approach is employed, first, to devise a new stability measure for such conformations in equilibrium and, second, to use this measure to explore the evolving stability of jammed states of specific cluster conformations, i.e. particles forming force chains and minimal contact cycles. Knowledge gained on (a) the spatial and temporal evolution of stability of individual jammed conformations and (b) their relative stability levels, offer valuable clues on the rheology and, in particular, self-assembly of granular materials. This study is undertaken using data from assemblies of nonuniformly sized circular particles undergoing 2D deformation in two biaxial compression tests: a discrete element simulation of monotonic loading under constant confining pressure, and cyclic loading of a photoelastic disk assembly under constant volume. Our results suggest that the process of self-assembly in these systems is realized at multiple length scales, and that jammed force chains and minimal cycles form the basic building blocks of this process. In particular, 3-cycles are stabilizing agents that act as granular trusses to the load-bearing force chain columns. This co-evolutionary synergy between force chains and 3-cycles proved common to the different materials under different loading conditions. Indeed, the remarkable similarities in the evolution of stability, prevalence and persistence of minimal cycles and force chains in these systems suggest that these structures and their co-evolution together form a generic feature of dense granular systems under quasistatic loading. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tordesillas, Antoinette; Lin, Qun; Shi, Jingyu] Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Zhang, Jie] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS MPA CMMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Behringer, R. P.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Tordesillas, A (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM atordesi@ms.unimelb.edu.au
RI Zhang, Jie/O-2127-2015; Shi, Jingyu/J-3451-2016;
OI Shi, Jingyu/0000-0002-5312-4854; Lin, Qun/0000-0003-0209-6424
FU Australian Research Council [DP0772409]; US Army Research Office
[W911NF-07-1-0370, W911NF-07-1-0131]
FX A.T., Q.L. and J.S. acknowledge the support of the Australian Research
Council (Discovery Grant DP0772409) and the US Army Research Office
(Single Investigator Grant W911NF-07-1-0370). R.P.B. and J.Z.
acknowledge the support of the US Army Research Office (Single
Investigator Grant W911NF-07-1-0131). We thank Dr. John F. Peters of the
US Army ERDC for many insightful discussions on stability, and Dr. David
M. Walker for use of his code to generate minimal cycles.
NR 47
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 43
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-5096
J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS
JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 2
BP 265
EP 296
DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2010.10.007
PG 32
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed
Matter
SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics
GA 718JE
UT WOS:000287116400009
ER
PT J
AU Collett, TS
Lee, MW
Agena, WF
Miller, JJ
Lewis, KA
Zyrianova, MV
Boswell, R
Inks, TL
AF Collett, Timothy S.
Lee, Myung W.
Agena, Warren F.
Miller, John J.
Lewis, Kristen A.
Zyrianova, Margarita V.
Boswell, Ray
Inks, Tanya L.
TI Permafrost-associated natural gas hydrate occurrences on the Alaska
North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Gas hydrates; Gas; Alaska; Resources; Exploration; Petroleum system;
Drilling; Coring; Seismic analysis
ID STRATIGRAPHIC TEST WELL; METHANE HYDRATE; SEDIMENTS; PROSPECT
AB In the 1960s Russian scientists made what was then a bold assertion that gas hydrates should occur in abundance in nature. Since this early start, the scientific foundation has been built for the realization that gas hydrates are a global phenomenon, occurring in permafrost regions of the arctic and in deep water portions of most continental margins worldwide. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey made the first systematic assessment of the in-place natural gas hydrate resources of the United States. That study suggested that the amount of gas in the gas hydrate accumulations of northern Alaska probably exceeds the volume of known conventional gas resources on the North Slope. Researchers have long speculated that gas hydrates could eventually become a producible energy resource, yet technical and economic hurdles have historically made gas hydrate development a distant goal. This view began to change in recent years with the realization that this unconventional resource could be developed with existing conventional oil and gas production technology. One of the most significant developments was the completion of the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well on the Alaska North Slope, which along with the Mallik project in Canada, have for the first time allowed the rational assessment of gas hydrate production technology and concepts. Almost 40 years of gas hydrate research in northern Alaska has confirmed the occurrence of at least two large gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope. We have also seen in Alaska the first ever assessment of how much gas could be technically recovered from gas hydrates. However, significant technical concerns need to be further resolved in order to assess the ultimate impact of gas hydrate energy resource development in northern Alaska. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Collett, Timothy S.; Lee, Myung W.; Agena, Warren F.; Miller, John J.; Lewis, Kristen A.; Zyrianova, Margarita V.] US Geol Survey, Energy Resources Program, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Inks, Tanya L.] IS Interpretat Serv Inc, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
RP Collett, TS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Energy Resources Program, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 939,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM tcollett@usgs.gov
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
NR 58
TC 44
Z9 68
U1 2
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 279
EP 294
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.001
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500001
ER
PT J
AU Rose, K
Boswell, R
Collett, T
AF Rose, Kelly
Boswell, Ray
Collett, Timothy
TI Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope:
Coring operations, core sedimentology, and lithostratigraphy
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Methane hydrates; Mount Elbert; Coring operations; Sedimentology;
Lithostratigraphy
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; GEOCHEMISTRY; PROSPECT; TERMS; SIZE
AB In February 2007, BP Exploration (Alaska), the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. Geological Survey completed the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well (Mount Elbert well) in the Milne Point Unit on the Alaska North Slope. The program achieved its primary goals of validating the pre-drill estimates of gas hydrate occurrence and thickness based on 3-D seismic interpretations and wireline log correlations and collecting a comprehensive suite of logging, coring, and pressure testing data. The upper section of the Mount Elbert well was drilled through the base of ice-bearing permafrost to a casing point of 594 m (1950 ft), approximately 15 m (50 ft) above the top of the targeted reservoir interval. The lower portion of the well was continuously cored from 606 m (1987 ft) to 760 m (2494 ft) and drilled to a total depth of 914 m. Ice-bearing permafrost extends to a depth of roughly 536 m and the base of gas hydrate stability is interpreted to extend to a depth of 870 m. Coring through the targeted gas hydrate bearing reservoirs was completed using a wireline-retrievable system. The coring program achieved 85% recovery of 7.6 cm (3 in) diameter core through 154 m (504 ft) of the hole. An onsite team processed the cores, collecting and preserving approximately 250 sub-samples for analyses of pore water geochemistry, microbiology, gas chemistry, petrophysical analysis, and thermal and physical properties. Eleven samples were immediately transferred to either methane-charged pressure vessels or liquid nitrogen for future study of the preserved gas hydrate. Additional offsite sampling, analyses, and detailed description of the cores were also conducted. Based on this work, one lithostratigraphic unit with eight subunits was identified across the cored interval. Subunits II and Va comprise :he majority of the reservoir facies and are dominantly very fine to fine, moderately sorted, quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragment-bearing to -rich sands. Lithostratigraphic and palynologic data indicate that this section is most likely early Eocene to late Paleocene in age. The examined units contain evidence for both marine and non-marine lithofacies, and indications that the depositional environment for the reservoir facies may have been shallower marine than originally interpreted based on pre-drill wireline log interpretations. There is also evidence of reduced salinity marine conditions during deposition that may be related to the paleo-climate and depositional conditions during the early Eocene. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Rose, Kelly; Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Collett, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rose, K (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM Kelly.Rose@NETL.DOE.GOV
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
NR 61
TC 24
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 311
EP 331
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.001
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500003
ER
PT J
AU Winters, W
Walker, M
Hunter, R
Collett, T
Boswell, R
Rose, K
Waite, W
Torres, M
Patil, S
Dandekar, A
AF Winters, William
Walker, Michael
Hunter, Robert
Collett, Timothy
Boswell, Ray
Rose, Kelly
Waite, William
Torres, Marta
Patil, Shirish
Dandekar, Abhijit
TI Physical properties of sediment from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate
Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Sagavanirktok Formation; Milne Point; Physical properties;
Grain size; Mineralogy; Porosity; Permeability
AB This study characterizes cored and logged sedimentary strata from the February 2007 BP Exploration Alaska, Department of Energy, U.S. Geological Survey (BPXA-DOE-USGS) Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well on the Alaska North Slope (ANS). The physical-properties program analyzed core samples recovered from the well, and in conjunction with downhole geophysical logs, produced an extensive dataset including grain size, water content, porosity, grain density, bulk density, permeability, X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineralogy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and petrography.
This study documents the physical property interrelationships in the well and demonstrates their correlation with the occurrence of gas hydrate. Gas hydrate (GH) occurs in three unconsolidated, coarse silt to fine sand intervals within the Paleocene and Eocene beds of the Sagavanirktok Formation: Unit D-GH (614.4 m-627.9 m); unit C-GH1 (649.8 m-660.8 m); and unit C-GH2 (663.2 m-666.3 m). These intervals are overlain by fine to coarse silt intervals with greater clay content. A deeper interval (unit B) is similar lithologically to the gas-hydrate-bearing strata; however, it is water-saturated and contains no hydrate.
In this system it appears that high sediment permeability (k) is critical to the formation of concentrated hydrate deposits. Intervals D-GH and C-GH1 have average "plug" intrinsic permeability to nitrogen values of 1700 mD and 675 mD, respectively. These values are in strong contrast with those of the overlying, gas-hydrate-free sediments, which have k values of 5.7 mD and 49 mD, respectively, and thus would have provided effective seals to trap free gas. The relation between permeability and porosity critically influences the occurrence of GH. For example, an average increase of 4% in porosity increases permeability by an order of magnitude, but the presence of a second fluid (e.g., methane from dissociating gas hydrate) in the reservoir reduces permeability by more than an order of magnitude. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Winters, William; Waite, William] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Walker, Michael] Weatherford Labs, Houston, TX 77064 USA.
[Hunter, Robert] ASRC Energy Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Collett, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Boswell, Ray; Rose, Kelly] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Torres, Marta] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Patil, Shirish; Dandekar, Abhijit] Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Winters, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM bwinters@usgs.gov
OI Waite, William/0000-0002-9436-4109; Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX Melanie Holland, Peter Schultheiss, and Walter Barnhardt provided
helpful reviews of the manuscript. Aditya Deshpande, University of
Alaska at Fairbanks, assisted with minipermeameter measurements. BP was
the designated operator for fieldwork. The drillers and staff at the
well site are thanked for obtaining cores, performing logging runs, and
providing logistical support under adverse conditions. This work was
supported by the Coastal and Marine Geology, and Energy Programs of the
U.S. Geological Survey and funding was provided by the Gas Hydrate
Program of the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 68
TC 32
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 361
EP 380
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.008
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500006
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, SJ
Hunter, RB
Collett, TS
Hancock, S
Boswell, R
Anderson, BJ
AF Wilson, Scott J.
Hunter, Robert B.
Collett, Timothy S.
Hancock, Steve
Boswell, Ray
Anderson, Brian J.
TI Alaska North Slope regional gas hydrate production modeling forecasts
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrates; Alaska North Slope; Resource development modeling;
Production forecasting
AB A series of gas hydrate development scenarios were created to assess the range of outcomes predicted for the possible development of the "Eileen" gas hydrate accumulation, North Slope, Alaska. Production forecasts for the "reference case" were built using the 2002 Mallik production tests, mechanistic simulation, and geologic studies conducted by the US Geological Survey. Three additional scenarios were considered: A "downside-scenario" which fails to identify viable production, an "upside-scenario" describes results that are better than expected. To capture the full range of possible outcomes and balance the downside case, an "extreme upside scenario" assumes each well is exceptionally productive.
Starting with a representative type-well simulation forecasts, field development timing is applied and the sum of individual well forecasts creating the field-wide production forecast. This technique is commonly used to schedule large-scale resource plays where drilling schedules are complex and production forecasts must account for many changing parameters. The complementary forecasts of rig count, capital investment, and cash flow can be used in a pre-appraisal assessment of potential commercial viability.
Since no significant gas sales are currently possible on the North Slope of Alaska, typical parameters were used to create downside, reference, and upside case forecasts that predict from 0 to 71 BM3 (2.5 tcf) of gas may be produced in 20 years and nearly 283 BM3 (10 tcf) ultimate recovery after 100 years.
Outlining a range of possible outcomes enables decision makers to visualize the pace and milestones that will be required to evaluate gas hydrate resource development in the Eileen accumulation. Critical values of peak production rate, time to meaningful production volumes, and investments required to rule out a downside case are provided. Upside cases identify potential if both depressurization and thermal stimulation yield positive results. An "extreme upside" case captures the full potential of unconstrained development with widely spaced wells. The results of this study indicate that recoverable gas hydrate resources may exist in the Eileen accumulation and that it represents a good opportunity for continued research. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wilson, Scott J.] Ryder Scott Co LP, Denver, CO 80293 USA.
[Hunter, Robert B.] ASRC Energy Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hancock, Steve] RPS Energy Canada, Calgary, AB T2P 3T6, Canada.
[Boswell, Ray; Anderson, Brian J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Anderson, Brian J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Wilson, SJ (reprint author), Ryder Scott Co LP, 621 17th St,Suite 1550, Denver, CO 80293 USA.
EM scott.wilson@ryderscott.com
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 460
EP 477
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.007
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500015
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BJ
Kurihara, M
White, MD
Moridis, GJ
Wilson, SJ
Pooladi-Darvish, M
Gaddipati, M
Masuda, Y
Collett, TS
Hunter, RB
Narita, H
Rose, K
Boswell, R
AF Anderson, Brian J.
Kurihara, Masanori
White, Mark D.
Moridis, George J.
Wilson, Scott J.
Pooladi-Darvish, Mehran
Gaddipati, Manohar
Masuda, Yoshihiro
Collett, Timothy S.
Hunter, Robert B.
Narita, Hideo
Rose, Kelly
Boswell, Ray
TI Regional long-term production modeling from a single well test, Mount
Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrates; Reservoir simulations; Production modeling; Porous media
AB Following the results from the open-hole formation pressure response test in the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well (Mount Elbert well) using Schluinberger's Modular Dynamics Formation Tester (MDT) wireline tool, the International Methane Hydrate Reservoir Simulator Code Comparison project performed long-term reservoir simulations on three different model reservoirs. These descriptions were based on 1) the Mount Elbert gas hydrate accumulation as delineated by an extensive history-matching exercise, 2) an estimation of the hydrate accumulation near the Prudhoe Bay L-pad, and 3) a reservoir that would be down-dip of the Prudhoe Bay L-pad and therefore warmer and deeper. All of these simulations were based, in part, on the results of the MDT results from the Mount Elbert Well. The comparison group's consensus value for the initial permeability of the hydrate-filled reservoir (k = 0.12 mD) and the permeability model based on the MDT history match were used as the basis for subsequent simulations on the three regional scenarios. The simulation results of the five different simulation codes, CMG STARS, HydrateResSirn, MH-21 HYDRES, STOMP-HYD, and TOUGH+HYDRATE exhibit good qualitative agreement and the variability of potential methane production rates from gas hydrate reservoirs is illustrated. As expected, the predicted methane production rate increased with increasing in situ reservoir temperature; however, a significant delay in the onset of rapid hydrate dissociation is observed for a cold, homogeneous reservoir and it is found to be repeatable. The inclusion of reservoir heterogeneity in the description of this cold reservoir is shown to eliminate this delayed production. Overall, simulations utilized detailed information collected across the Mount Elbert reservoir either obtained or determined from geophysical well logs, including thickness (37 ft), porosity (35%), hydrate saturation (65%), intrinsic permeability (1000 mD), pore water salinity (5 ppt), and formation temperature (3.3-3.9 degrees C). This paper presents the approach and results of extrapolating regional forward production modeling from history-matching efforts on the results from a single well test. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, Brian J.; Gaddipati, Manohar] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, NETL IAES, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Anderson, Brian J.; Gaddipati, Manohar; Rose, Kelly; Boswell, Ray] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Kurihara, Masanori] Japan Oil Engn Co Ltd, Chuo Ku, Tokyo 1040054, Japan.
[White, Mark D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Moridis, George J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wilson, Scott J.] Ryder Scott Co LP, Denver, CO 80120 USA.
[Pooladi-Darvish, Mehran] Fekete Associates Inc, Calgary, AB T2P 0M2, Canada.
[Masuda, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Dept Geosyst Engn, Tokyo 1138654, Japan.
[Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hunter, Robert B.] ASRC Energy Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Narita, Hideo] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Methane Hydrate Res Lab, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0628517, Japan.
RP Anderson, BJ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, NETL IAES, POB 6102, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM brian.anderson@mail.wvu.edu
OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy;
U.S. Geological Survey; Japan MH-21 project; BP Exploration (Alaska)
FX The authors would like to thank the National Energy Technology
Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Japan MH-21 project, and BP Exploration (Alaska) for supporting this
effort. We would also like to acknowledge the Mount Elbert science party
for sharing the data obtained at Mount Elbert for use in our
history-matching and production simulations.
NR 14
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 493
EP 501
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.015
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500017
ER
PT J
AU Moridis, GJ
Silpngarmlert, S
Reagan, MT
Collett, T
Zhang, K
AF Moridis, G. J.
Silpngarmlert, S.
Reagan, M. T.
Collett, T.
Zhang, K.
TI Gas production from a cold, stratigraphically-bounded gas hydrate
deposit at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska
North Slope: Implications of uncertainties
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrates; Permafrost; Methane; Gas production
ID DECOMPOSITION; RESERVOIRS; SEDIMENTS
AB As part of an effort to identify suitable targets for a planned long-term field test, we investigate by means of numerical simulation the gas production potential from unit D, a stratigraphically bounded (Class 3) permafrost-associated hydrate occurrence penetrated in the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well on North Slope, Alaska. This shallow, low-pressure deposit has high porosities (phi = 0.4), high intrinsic permeabilities (k = 10(-12) m(2)) and high hydrate saturations (S-H = 0.65). It has a low temperature (T = 2.3-2.6 degrees C) because of its proximity to the overlying permafrost. The simulation results indicate that vertical wells operating at a constant bottomhole pressure would produce at very low rates for a very long period. Horizontal wells increase gas production by almost two orders of magnitude, but production remains low. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the initial deposit temperature is by the far the most important factor determining production performance (and the most effective criterion for target selection) because it controls the sensible heat available to fuel dissociation. Thus, a 1 degrees C increase in temperature is sufficient to increase the production rate by a factor of almost 8. Production also increases with a decreasing hydrate saturation (because of a larger effective permeability for a given k), and is favored (to a lesser extent) by anisotropy. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Moridis, G. J.; Reagan, M. T.; Zhang, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Silpngarmlert, S.] Conoco Phillips, Houston, TX 77252 USA.
[Collett, T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Reagan, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mtreagan@lbl.gov
RI Reagan, Matthew/D-1129-2015
OI Reagan, Matthew/0000-0001-6225-4928
FU Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through the National
Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy,
Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through the National
Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. Department of Energy,
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors are indebted to John Apps
and Dan Hawkes for their careful review.
NR 41
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U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 517
EP 534
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.005
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 724AM
UT WOS:000287548500019
ER
PT J
AU Vasudevan, AK
Moody, NR
Holroyd, NJH
Ricker, RE
AF Vasudevan, A. K.
Moody, N. R.
Holroyd, N. J. H.
Ricker, R. E.
TI Foreword: International Symposium on the Stress Corrosion Cracking in
Structural Materials at Ambient Temperatures
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Vasudevan, A. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
[Moody, N. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
[Holroyd, N. J. H.] Luxfer Gas Cylinders, Riverside, CA USA.
[Ricker, R. E.] Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Vasudevan, AK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
RI Ricker, Richard/H-4880-2011
OI Ricker, Richard/0000-0002-2871-4908
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 2
BP 249
EP 249
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 714WO
UT WOS:000286839900001
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Cierpka, C
Williams, SJ
Kahler, CJ
Wereley, ST
AF Kumar, Aloke
Cierpka, Christian
Williams, Stuart J.
Kaehler, Christian J.
Wereley, Steven T.
TI 3D3C velocimetry measurements of an electrothermal microvortex using
wavefront deformation PTV and a single camera
SO MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-TRACKING VELOCIMETRY; INDUCED FLUID-FLOW; ELECTRIC-FIELD;
MICROELECTRODES; MICROSCOPE
AB We study the three-dimensional fluid transport in an electrothermal microvortex (EMV), by using wavefront deformation particle-tracking velocimetry (PTV) developed at Universitat der Bundeswehr Munchen. By using a cylindrical lens in conjunction with a microscope objective lens, systematic wavefront deformations in the particle images are created. The particles are observed by a single camera and appear as ellipses. The elliptical nature of the particle images encodes out-of-plane information regarding the particle's position. This new technique is ideally suited for measuring transport in the EMV and provides full three-dimensional, time-resolved particle trajectories with Lagrangian velocity and acceleration. Measurements reveal the toroidal nature of the EMV and the experimentally obtained velocities are used to validate a simplistic model, which describes the interaction between the applied laser illumination and the microfluidic device. The model allows one to conduct numerical simulations of the complex fluid transport in the EMV.
C1 [Kumar, Aloke; Wereley, Steven T.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Kumar, Aloke] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Cierpka, Christian; Kaehler, Christian J.] Univ Bundeswehr Munchen, Inst Stromungsmech & Aerodynam, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany.
[Williams, Stuart J.] Univ Louisville, Sch Mech Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Wereley, ST (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM wereley@purdue.edu
RI Kahler, Christian/D-5932-2011; Williams, Stuart/G-6857-2011; Kumar,
Aloke/A-9122-2011; Cierpka, Christian/C-2725-2011
FU Bils-land Dissertation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SPP 1147]
FX A. Kumar acknowledges support from the Bils-land Dissertation and the
Josephine De Karman Fellowships. Financial support from Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in frame of the priority program SPP 1147
is gratefully acknowledged by C. Cierpka.
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1613-4982
J9 MICROFLUID NANOFLUID
JI Microfluid. Nanofluid.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 355
EP 365
DI 10.1007/s10404-010-0674-4
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics,
Fluids & Plasmas
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation;
Physics
GA 711TZ
UT WOS:000286615600010
ER
PT J
AU Massover, WH
AF Massover, William H.
TI New and unconventional approaches for advancing resolution in biological
transmission electron microscopy by improving macromolecular specimen
preparation and preservation
SO MICRON
LA English
DT Review
DE Biospecimen preparation; Cryo-TEM; High-resolution TEM; Macromolecules;
Radiation damage; Structural biology
ID KEYHOLE LIMPET HEMOCYANIN; SINGLE-PARTICLE ANALYSIS; ONE CONDUCTING
LAYER; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; PHASE-CONTRAST;
ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS
AB Resolution in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) now is limited by the properties of specimens, rather than by those of instrumentation. The long-standing difficulties in obtaining truly high-resolution structure from biological macromolecules with TEM demand the development, testing, and application of new ideas and unconventional approaches. This review concisely describes some new concepts and innovative methodologies for TEM that deal with unsolved problems in the preparation and preservation of macromolecular specimens. The selected topics include use of better support films, a more protective multi-component matrix surrounding specimens for cryo-TEM and negative staining, and, several quite different changes in microscopy and micrography that should decrease the effects of electron radiation damage; all these practical approaches are non-traditional, but have promise to advance resolution for specimens of biological macromolecules beyond its present level of 3-10 angstrom (0.3-1.0 nm). The result of achieving truly high resolution will be a fulfillment of the still unrealized potential of transmission electron microscopy for directly revealing the structure of biological macromolecules down to the atomic level. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Massover, WH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wmassover@anl.gov
NR 136
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 34
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-4328
J9 MICRON
JI Micron
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 2
SI SI
BP 141
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.micron.2010.05.006
PG 11
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 707QN
UT WOS:000286301200006
PM 20598558
ER
PT J
AU Hossain, M
Kaleta, DT
Robinson, EW
Liu, T
Zhao, R
Page, JS
Kelly, RT
Moore, RJ
Tang, KQ
Camp, DG
Qian, WJ
Smith, RD
AF Hossain, Mahmud
Kaleta, David T.
Robinson, Errol W.
Liu, Tao
Zhao, Rui
Page, Jason S.
Kelly, Ryan T.
Moore, Ronald J.
Tang, Keqi
Camp, David G., II
Qian, Wei-Jun
Smith, Richard D.
TI Enhanced Sensitivity for Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass
Spectrometry-based Targeted Proteomics Using a Dual Stage Electrodynamic
Ion Funnel Interface
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN PLASMA PROTEOME; TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY; MULTIPLEXED ASSAYS;
IONIZATION; PROTEINS; BIOMARKERS; IMPLEMENTATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY;
VALIDATION; EMITTERS
AB Selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRMMS) is playing an increasing role in quantitative proteomics and biomarker discovery studies as a method for high throughput candidate quantification and verification. Although SRM-MS offers advantages in sensitivity and quantification compared with other MS-based techniques, current SRM technologies are still challenged by detection and quantification of low abundance proteins (e.g. present at similar to 10 ng/ml or lower levels in blood plasma). Here we report enhanced detection sensitivity and reproducibility for SRM-based targeted proteomics by coupling a nanospray ionization multicapillary inlet/dual electrodynamic ion funnel interface to a commercial triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Because of the increased efficiency in ion transmission, significant enhancements in overall signal intensities and improved limits of detection were observed with the new interface compared with the original interface for SRM measurements of tryptic peptides from proteins spiked into non-depleted mouse plasma over a range of concentrations. Overall, average SRM peak intensities were increased by similar to 70-fold. The average level of detection for peptides also improved by similar to 10-fold with notably improved reproducibility of peptide measurements as indicated by the reduced coefficients of variance. The ability to detect proteins ranging from 40 to 80 ng/ml within mouse plasma was demonstrated for all spiked proteins without the application of front-end immunoaffinity depletion and fractionation. This significant improvement in detection sensitivity for low abundance proteins in complex matrices is expected to enhance a broad range of SRM-MS applications including targeted protein and metabolite validation. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 10:10.1074/mcp.M000062-MCP201, 1-9, 2011.
C1 [Qian, Wei-Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Qian, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM weijun.qian@pnl.gov; rds@pnl.gov
RI Qian, Weijun/C-6167-2011; Robinson, Errol/I-3148-2012; Smith,
Richard/J-3664-2012; Liu, Tao/A-9020-2013; Kelly, Ryan/B-2999-2008
OI Robinson, Errol/0000-0003-0696-6239; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349;
Liu, Tao/0000-0001-9529-6550; Kelly, Ryan/0000-0002-3339-4443
FU National Institutes of Health [1-DP2OD006668- 01]; National Center of
Proteomics Research Resource for Integrative Biology [RR018522];
Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF)
FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of
Health Director's New Innovator Award Program Grant 1-DP2OD006668- 01
(to W.-J.Q.) and National Center of Proteomics Research Resource for
Integrative Biology Grant RR018522 (to R.D.S.). Portions of this work
were also supported by the Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF) and
the EIF Women's Cancer Research Fund.
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
AR M000062-MCP201
DI 10.1074/mcp.M000062-MCP201
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 728AS
UT WOS:000287846500005
PM 20410378
ER
PT J
AU Lopez-Ferrer, D
Petritis, K
Robinson, EW
Hixson, KK
Tian, ZX
Lee, JH
Lee, SW
Tolic, N
Weitz, KK
Belov, ME
Smith, RD
Pasa-Tolic, L
AF Lopez-Ferrer, Daniel
Petritis, Konstantinos
Robinson, Errol W.
Hixson, Kim K.
Tian, Zhixin
Lee, Jung Hwa
Lee, Sang-Won
Tolic, Nikola
Weitz, Karl K.
Belov, Mikhail E.
Smith, Richard D.
Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana
TI Pressurized Pepsin Digestion in Proteomics
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; INTENSITY FOCUSED ULTRASOUND; UNIQUE
SEQUENCE TAGS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HYDROGEN/DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE; INTACT
PROTEINS; TOP-DOWN; ONLINE; MS; SYSTEM
AB Integrated top-down bottom-up proteomics combined with on-line digestion has great potential to improve the characterization of protein isoforms in biological systems and is amendable to high throughput proteomics experiments. Bottom-up proteomics ultimately provides the peptide sequences derived from the tandem MS analyses of peptides after the proteome has been digested. Topdown proteomics conversely entails the MS analyses of intact proteins for more effective characterization of genetic variations and/or post-translational modifications. Herein, we describe recent efforts toward efficient integration of bottom-up and top-down LC-MS-based proteomics strategies. Since most proteomics separations utilize acidic conditions, we exploited the compatibility of pepsin ( where the optimal digestion conditions are at low pH) for integration into bottom-up and top-down proteomics work flows. Pressure-enhanced pepsin digestions were successfully performed and characterized with several standard proteins in either an off-line mode using a Barocycler or an on-line mode using a modified high pressure LC system referred to as a fast on-line digestion system ( FOLDS). FOLDS was tested using pepsin and a whole microbial proteome, and the results were compared against traditional trypsin digestions on the same platform. Additionally, FOLDS was integrated with a RePlay configuration to demonstrate an ultrarapid integrated bottom-up top-down proteomics strategy using a standard mixture of proteins and a monkey pox virus proteome. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 10: 10.1074/mcp.M110.001479, 1-11, 2011.
C1 [Lopez-Ferrer, Daniel; Petritis, Konstantinos; Tian, Zhixin; Weitz, Karl K.; Belov, Mikhail E.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Robinson, Errol W.; Hixson, Kim K.; Tolic, Nikola; Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Lee, Jung Hwa; Lee, Sang-Won] Korea Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Lopez-Ferrer, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM daniel.lopez-ferrer@pnl.gov; ljiljana.pasa-tolic@pnl.gov
RI Robinson, Errol/I-3148-2012; Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013; tian,
zhixin/A-3958-2015; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Robinson, Errol/0000-0003-0696-6239; Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084;
tian, zhixin/0000-0002-2877-8282; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [FPR08A1-010]; Converging
Research Center for Mass Spectrometric Diagnosis
FX Supported by 21C Frontier Functional Proteomics Project Grant
FPR08A1-010 from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and
Converging Research Center for Mass Spectrometric Diagnosis.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
AR M110.001479
DI 10.1074/mcp.M110.001479
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 728AS
UT WOS:000287846500012
PM 20627868
ER
PT J
AU Mukherjee, A
Ane, JM
AF Mukherjee, Arijit
Ane, Jean-Michel
TI Germinating Spore Exudates from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Molecular
and Developmental Responses in Plants and Their Regulation by Ethylene
SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYMBIOTIC NODULE DEVELOPMENT; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; LATERAL
ROOT-FORMATION; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; LAND PLANTS; LOTUS-JAPONICUS;
SIGNALING PATHWAY; CA2+/CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN; PREPENETRATION
APPARATUS; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER
AB Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi stimulate root development and induce expression of mycorrhization-specific genes in both eudicots and monocots. Diffusible factors released by AM fungi have been shown to elicit similar responses in Medicago truncatula. Colonization of roots by AM fungi is inhibited by ethylene. We compared the effects of germinating spore exudates (GSE) from Glomus intraradices in monocots and in eudicots, their genetic control, and their regulation by ethylene. GSE modify root architecture and induce symbiotic gene expression in both monocots and eudicots. The genetic regulation of root architecture and gene expression was analyzed using M. truncatula and rice symbiotic mutants. These responses are dependent on the common symbiotic pathway as well as another uncharacterized pathway. Significant differences between monocots and eudicots were observed in the genetic control of plant responses to GSE. However, ethylene inhibits GSE-induced symbiotic gene expression and root development in both groups. Our results indicate that GSE signaling shares similarities and differences in monocots versus eudicots, that only a subset of AM signaling pathways has been co-opted in legumes for the establishment of root nodulation with rhizobia, and that regulation of these pathways by ethylene is a feature conserved across higher land plants.
C1 [Mukherjee, Arijit; Ane, Jean-Michel] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Ane, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jane@wisc.edu
RI Ane, Jean-Michel/G-5921-2010
OI Ane, Jean-Michel/0000-0002-3128-9439
FU Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER
Office of Science) at the University of Wisconsin, Madison
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Department of Energy Great Lakes
Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494)
at the University of Wisconsin, Madison for their financial support. We
also thank J. Frugoli (Clemson University, Clemson, SC, U.S.A.) for
critical comments and helpful suggestions and O. Andre for sending the
primer sequences to genotype the pENOD11-gusA insertion.
NR 77
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0894-0282
J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN
JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
BP 260
EP 270
DI 10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0146
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Plant Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Plant Sciences
GA 710BO
UT WOS:000286486000009
PM 21043574
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XD
Liu, YM
Oulton, RF
Yin, XB
Zhang, XA
AF Yang, Xiaodong
Liu, Yongmin
Oulton, Rupert F.
Yin, Xiaobo
Zhang, Xiang
TI Optical Forces in Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguides
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Optical force; optical trapping; surface plasmon polariton; hybrid
plasmonic waveguide
ID CAVITY OPTOMECHANICS; BACK-ACTION; MANIPULATION; PARTICLES; SCALE;
NANOPARTICLES; RESONATORS
AB We demonstrate that in a hybrid plasmonic system the optical force exerted on a dielectric waveguide by a Metallic substrate is enhanced by more than 1 order of magnitude compared to the force between a photonic waveguide and a dielectric substrate. A nanoscale gap between the dielectric wavegilide and the metallic substrate leads to deep subwavelength optical energy confinement with ultralow mode propagation loss and hence results in the enhanced optical forces at low input optical power, as numerically demonstrated by both Maxwell's stress tensor formalism and the coupled mode theory analysis. Moreover, the hybridization between the surface plasmon modes and waveguide modes allows efficient optical trapping of single dielectric nanoparticle with size of only several nanometers in the gap region, manifesting various optomechanical applications such as nanoscale optical tweezers.
C1 [Yang, Xiaodong; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yang, Xiaodong; Liu, Yongmin; Oulton, Rupert F.; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, XA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xiang@berkeley.edu
RI Liu, Yongmin/F-5322-2010; Yin, Xiaobo/A-4142-2011; Zhang,
Xiang/F-6905-2011
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 31
TC 129
Z9 130
U1 4
U2 101
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 321
EP 328
DI 10.1021/nl103070n
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100003
PM 21229998
ER
PT J
AU Scott, ID
Jung, YS
Cavanagh, AS
An, YF
Dillon, AC
George, SM
Lee, SH
AF Scott, Isaac D.
Jung, Yoon Seok
Cavanagh, Andrew S.
An, Yanfa
Dillon, Anne C.
George, Steven M.
Lee, Se-Hee
TI Ultrathin Coatings on Nano-LiCoO2 for Li-Ion Vehicular Applications
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic layer deposition; LiCoO2; rate performance; Li-ion battery;
capacity fade; nanotechnology
ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL
PERFORMANCE; SURFACE MODIFICATION; NATURAL GRAPHITE; CATHODE MATERIAL;
LICOO2 CATHODES; ANODE MATERIALS; NANOPARTICLES; CHEMISTRY
AB To deploy Li-ion batteries in next-generation vehicles, it is essential to develop electrodes with durability, high energy density, and high power. Here we report a breakthrough in controlled full-electrode nanoscale coatings that enables nanosized materials to cycle with durable high energy and remarkable rate performance. The nanoparticle electrodes are coated with Al2O3 using atomic layer deposition (ALD). The coated nano-LiCoO2 electrodes with 2 ALD cycles deliver a discharge capacity of 133 mAh/g with currents of 1400 mA/g (7.8C), corresponding to a 250% improvement in reversible capacity compared to bare nanoparticles (br-nLCO), when cycled at this high rate. The simple ALD process is broadly applicable and provides new opportunities for the battery industry to design highly durable even while cycling at high rate.
C1 [Scott, Isaac D.; Lee, Se-Hee] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jung, Yoon Seok; An, Yanfa; Dillon, Anne C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cavanagh, Andrew S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM sehee.lee@colorado.edu
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; George, Steven/O-2163-2013; Jung, Yoon
Seok/B-8512-2011
OI George, Steven/0000-0003-0253-9184; Jung, Yoon Seok/0000-0003-0357-9508
FU DARPAN/MEMS ST [N66001-10-1-4007]; University of Colorado's
Nanomaterials Characterization Facility; U.S. Department of Energy
through DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of
the Vehicle Technologies [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX The studies conducted by the authors from the University of
Colorado-Boulder are supported by the DARPA Center on Nanoscale Science
and Technology for Integrated Micro/Nano-Electrochemical Transducers
(iMINT) funded by DARPAN/MEMS S&T Fundamentals Program
(N66001-10-1-4007)(Dr. Tayo Akinwande, Program Manager). This work was
performed in part at the University of Colorado's Nanomaterials
Characterization Facility. NREL is grateful for support from the U.S.
Department of Energy under subcontract number DE-AC36-08GO28308 through
DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the
Vehicle Technologies Program.
NR 28
TC 166
Z9 171
U1 28
U2 257
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 414
EP 418
DI 10.1021/nl1030198
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100019
PM 21166425
ER
PT J
AU Liu, WT
Cao, J
Fan, W
Hao, Z
Martin, MC
Shen, YR
Wu, J
Wang, F
AF Liu, Wei-Tao
Cao, J.
Fan, W.
Hao, Zhao
Martin, Michael C.
Shen, Y. R.
Wu, J.
Wang, F.
TI Intrinsic Optical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide near the
Insulator-Metal Transition
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Vanadium dioxide; insulator-metal transition; phase transition; infrared
microspectroscopy; correlated electron nanomaterials
ID TEMPERATURE; VO2; PHASE; ORGANIZATION; NANOBEAMS; CRYSTALS; DOMAINS
AB We studied the insulator-metal transition (IMT) in single-domain, single crystalline vanadium dioxide (VO2) microbeams with infrared microspectroscopy. The unique nature of such samples allowed us to probe the intrinsic behavior of both insulating and metallic phases in the close vicinity of IMT, and investigate the IMT driven by either strain or temperature independently. We found that the VO2 insulating band gap narrows rapidly upon heating, and the infrared response undergoes an abrupt transition at both strain- and temperature-induced IMT. The results are consistent with recent studies attributing the opening of VO2 insulating band gap to a correlation- assisted Peierls transition.
C1 [Liu, Wei-Tao; Shen, Y. R.; Wang, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cao, J.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fan, W.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Thermal Sci & Energy Engn, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Hao, Zhao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Martin, Michael C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Liu, WT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM wtliu@uclink.berkeley.edu; fengwang76@berkeley.edu
RI Cao, Jinbo/C-7537-2009; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Hao, Zhao/G-2391-2015;
Liu, Wei-Tao/I-9627-2014
OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Hao, Zhao/0000-0003-0677-8529; Liu,
Wei-Tao/0000-0003-0566-671X
FU Department of Energy [DE-SC0003949]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EEC-0832819];
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy Early Career Award
DE-SC0003949 and by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (Advanced Light Source). The material synthesis
was supported and The National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No.
EEC-0832819. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 32
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 56
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 466
EP 470
DI 10.1021/nl1032205
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100027
PM 21166443
ER
PT J
AU Podsiadlo, P
Lee, B
Prakapenka, VB
Krylova, GV
Schaller, RD
Demortiere, A
Shevchenko, EV
AF Podsiadlo, Paul
Lee, Byeongdu
Prakapenka, Vitali B.
Krylova, Galyna V.
Schaller, Richard D.
Demortiere, Arnaud
Shevchenko, Elena V.
TI High-Pressure Structural Stability and Elasticity of Supercrystals
Self-Assembled from Nanocrystals
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-assembly; nanocrystals; superlattices; SAXS; XRD; bulk modulus;
diamond anvil cell; DAC; high pressure
ID BINARY NANOPARTICLE SUPERLATTICES; QUANTUM-DOT SOLIDS; PHASE-TRANSITION;
SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE DEPENDENCE; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PBS; TRANSFORMATIONS; ARRAYS
AB We report here combined quasi-hydrostatic high-pressure small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on faceted 3D supercrystals (SCs) self-assembled from colloidal 7.0 nm spherical PbS nanocrystals (NCs). Diamond anvil cell (DAC) SAXS experiments in the pressure range from ambient to 12.5 GPa revealed nearly perfect structural stability of the SCs, with face-centered cubic organization of the NCs. Pressure-induced ordering (annealing effect) of the superstructure was observed. The ambient pressure bulk modulus of the SCs was calculated to be similar to 5 GPa for compression and similar to 14.5 GPa for decompression from fitting of Vinet and Birch-Murnaghan equations of state. XRD measurements revealed strong preferential crystallographic orientation of the NCs through all phase transformations to as high as 55 GPa without any indication of NC sintering. The first phase transition pressure of the NCs was found between 8.1 and 9.2 GPa and proceeds through homogeneous nucleation. Bulk modulus of PbS NCs was calculated to be similar to 51 GPa based on fitting to the equations of state (K-PbS,K-bulk similar to 51-57 GPa). Closest surface-to-surface distance between the NCs in the SCs was calculated based on combined XRD and SAXS data, to reversibly tune from similar to 1.56 nm to similar to 0.9-0.92 nm and back to similar to 1.36 nm in the ambient-12.5 GPa-ambient pressure cycle. The bulk modulus of the ligand matrix was extrapolated to be similar to 2.2-2.95 GPa. These results show a general method of tuning NC interactions in packed nanoparticle solids.
C1 [Podsiadlo, Paul; Krylova, Galyna V.; Schaller, Richard D.; Demortiere, Arnaud; Shevchenko, Elena V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Prakapenka, Vitali B.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Schaller, Richard D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Podsiadlo, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ppodsiadlo@anl.gov; eshevchenko@anl.gov
OI Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne National Laboratory;
National Science Foundation-Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of
Energy-Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]
FX Work at the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH-11357. P.P. acknowledges the
support of Willard Frank Libby postdoctoral fellowship from Argonne
National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National
Science Foundation-Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of
Energy-Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the Advanced Photon
Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357
NR 78
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 87
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 579
EP 588
DI 10.1021/nl103587u
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100046
PM 21175220
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Santamaria, F
Brovelli, S
Viswanatha, R
Hollingsworth, JA
Htoon, H
Crooker, SA
Klimov, VI
AF Garcia-Santamaria, Florencio
Brovelli, Sergio
Viswanatha, Ranjani
Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.
Htoon, Han
Crooker, Scott A.
Klimov, Victor I.
TI Breakdown of Volume Scaling in Auger Recombination in CdSe/CdS
Heteronanocrystals: The Role of the Core-Shell Interface
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocrystal; multiexciton; Auger recombination; core-shell
heterostructure; interfacial alloy; fluorescence line narrowing
ID NANOCRYSTAL QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CORE/SHELL
NANOCRYSTALS; EXCITON; TRANSITIONS; SUPPRESSION; IONIZATION; CDS1-XSEX;
DYNAMICS; BLINKING
AB Spatial confinement of electronic excitation,in, semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) results in a significant enhancement of nonradiative Auger recombination (AR), such that AR processes can easily dominate the decay of multiexcitons. AR is especially detrimental to lasing applications of NCs, as optical gain in these structures explicitly relies on emission from multiexciton states. In standard NCs, AR rates scale linearly with inverse NC volume. Here, we investigate multiexciton dynamics in hetero-NCs composed of CdSe cores and CdS shells of tunable thickness. We observe a dramatic decrease in the AR rates at the initial stage of shell growth, which cannot be explained by traditional volume scaling alone. Rather, fluorescence-line-narrowing studies indicate that the suppression of AR correlates with the formation of an alloy layer at the core shell interface suggesting that this effect derives primarily from the "smoothing" of the Confinement potential associated with interfacial alloying These data highlight the importance of NC interfacial structure in the AR process and provide general guidelines for the development of new nanostructures with suppressed AR for future lasing applications.
C1 [Klimov, Victor I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Klimov, VI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM klimov@lanl.gov
OI Brovelli, Sergio/0000-0002-5993-855X; Klimov,
Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179; Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896
FU Chemical Sciences, Bioscience and Geosciences Division of the Office of
Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Office of Science, U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE); BES, DOE; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program; Office of BES, Office of Science, U.S. DOE [2009LANL1096]
FX F.G.-S., R.V., and S.A.C. acknowledge support by the Chemical Sciences,
Bioscience and Geosciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES), Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
V.I.K is supported by the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by BES, DOE. S.B. is supported by
the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. H.H. and JAH.
are supported by a Single-Investigator Small-Group Research award
(2009LANL1096) funded by the Office of BES, Office of Science, U.S. DOE.
We would like to thank Y. Chen for help with the synthesis of some of
the samples used in FLN studies and R. D. Schaller for technical
assistance in setting up FLN measurements.
NR 30
TC 146
Z9 146
U1 9
U2 90
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 687
EP 693
DI 10.1021/nl103801e
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100064
PM 21207930
ER
PT J
AU Dong, AG
Chen, J
Oh, SJ
Koh, WK
Xiu, FX
Ye, XC
Ko, DK
Wang, KL
Kagan, CR
Murray, CB
AF Dong, Angang
Chen, Jun
Oh, Soong Ju
Koh, Weon-kyu
Xiu, Faxian
Ye, Xingchen
Ko, Dong-Kyun
Wang, Kang L.
Kagan, Cherie R.
Murray, Christopher B.
TI Multiscale Periodic Assembly of Striped Nanocrystal Super lattice Films
on a Liquid Surface
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-assembly; stripe pattern; nanocrystal superlattice; contact line
instability; periodic patterning
ID NANOPARTICLE MONOLAYERS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PATTERNS; SUPERLATTICES;
INTERFACE; ARRAYS; PARTICLES; CRYSTALS; CHANNEL; SILICON
AB Self-assembly of nanocrystals (NCs) into periodically ordered structures on multiple length scales and over large is crucial to the manufacture of NC-based devices. Here, we report unusual yet universal approach to rapidly assembling hierarchically organized NC films that display highly periodic, tunable microscale stripe patterns over square centimeter areas while preserving the local superlattice structure. Our approach is based on a drying-driven dynamic assembly process occurring on a liquid surface with the stripe pattern formed by a new type of contact-line instability. Periodic ordering of NCs is realized on microscopic and nanoscopic scales, simultaneously without the need of any specialized equipment or the application of external fields. The striped NC superlattice films obtained can be readily transferred to arbitrary substrates for device fabrication. The periodic structure imparts interesting modulation and anisotropy to the properties of such: striped NC assemblies This assembly approach is applicable to NCs with a variety of compositions, sizes, and shapes, offering a robust, inexpensive route for large-scale periodic patterning of NCs.
C1 [Dong, Angang; Koh, Weon-kyu; Ye, Xingchen; Kagan, Cherie R.; Murray, Christopher B.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Chen, Jun; Oh, Soong Ju; Ko, Dong-Kyun; Kagan, Cherie R.; Murray, Christopher B.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Kagan, Cherie R.] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Dong, Angang] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xiu, Faxian; Wang, Kang L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Device Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Dong, AG (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM adong@lbl.gov; cbmurray@sas.upenn.edu
RI Xiu, Faxian/B-4985-2012; Koh, Weon-kyu/G-8623-2013; Dong,
Angang/C-5308-2014; Chen, Jun/F-7103-2014; Oh, Soong Ju/C-8842-2015; Ye,
Xingchen/D-3202-2017;
OI Dong, Angang/0000-0002-9677-8778; Oh, Soong Ju/0000-0003-1434-8844; Ye,
Xingchen/0000-0001-6851-2721; Koh, Weon-kyu/0000-0002-6913-4184
FU U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) [MURI W911NF-08-1-0364]; Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities
Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF
MRSEC [DMR-0520020]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0002158]
FX We thank D. Lee for useful discussions. A.D., J.C., F.X., and K. L.W.
acknowledge the financial support from the U.S. Army Research Office
(ARO) under Award No. MURI W911NF-08-1-0364. This work was partially
performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. D. K.K. is
grateful for support from the NSF MRSEC program under award number
DMR-0520020. S.J.O., C.R.K, X.Y., and C. B.M. acknowledge support from
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No. DE-SC0002158.
NR 42
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 85
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 841
EP 846
DI 10.1021/nl104208x
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100090
PM 21226509
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, F
Alayoglu, S
Guo, JH
Pushkarev, V
Li, YM
Glans, PA
Chen, JL
Somorjai, G
AF Zheng, Fan
Alayoglu, Selim
Guo, Jinghua
Pushkarev, Vladimir
Li, Yimin
Glans, Per-Anders
Chen, Jeng-lung
Somorjai, Gabor
TI In-situ X-ray Absorption Study of Evolution of Oxidation States and
Structure of Cobalt in Co and CoPt Bimetallic Nanoparticles (4 nm) under
Reducing (H-2) and Oxidizing (O-2) Environments
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE In-situ X-ray absorption; Bimetallic CoPt nanoparticles; oxidation
states; alloy effect; cycling pressure; octahedral and tetrahedral
structure
ID SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION; CATALYSTS; OXYGEN; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE; OXIDE
AB In-situ near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy was performed to monitor the wddation states of Co and CoPt nanoparticles (NPs) of 4 nm size in the presence of H-2 and O-2 in the pressure range of 1 bar and 36 Torr respectively. Platinum helps the rapid reduction of cobalt oxides in hydrogen at a rather low temperature (38 degrees C). In addition, reversible changes of the oxidation states of cobalt in the Co and CoPt NPs as a function of cycling oxygen pressure (in the range of millitorr to 36 Torr) are quantified and compared. The role of Pt in the process of Co reducing and oxidizing was explored. Our findings permit the prediction of the cobalt oxidation states as the reaction conditions are altered. The experimental results also suggest the presence of tetrahedral structure of Cobalt oxide that differs from the Co3O4 spinel structure.
C1 [Zheng, Fan; Somorjai, Gabor] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Alayoglu, Selim; Pushkarev, Vladimir] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Alayoglu, Selim; Pushkarev, Vladimir; Li, Yimin; Somorjai, Gabor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Guo, Jinghua; Glans, Per-Anders; Chen, Jeng-lung] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Somorjai, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM somorjai@berkeley.edu
RI Li, Yimin/F-5817-2012; Li, Yimin/F-5821-2012; Glans,
Per-Anders/G-8674-2016
FU Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank the help from Mark West and Gideon Jones for designing and
building the reaction cell. Dr. Peng Jiang and Dr. Ferenc Borondics from
Professor Miguel Salmeron's group provided advice in many experimental
details. Also we want to thank Wei-cheng Wang for his help at beamline 7
in ALS. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy
Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Advanced Light Source is
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence
Berkeley Lab, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Molecular Foundry is supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Material Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 28
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 3
U2 71
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 2
BP 847
EP 853
DI 10.1021/nl104209c
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LZ
UT WOS:000287049100091
PM 21247197
ER
PT J
AU Redfern, PC
Gruen, DM
Curtiss, L
Bruno, P
Routbort, J
Singh, D
AF Redfern, P. C.
Gruen, D. M.
Curtiss, Larry
Bruno, Paola
Routbort, J.
Singh, D.
TI Effect of Al and B Substitution on the Electronic Structure and
Thermoelectric Properties of Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles
SO NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermoelectrics; Electronic Structure; Nanoparticles; Silicon Carbide
ID POLYTYPE
AB Partial substitution of Al for Si and B for C has enabled us to synthesize, using spark plasma techniques, doped nanoensembles of SiC that have Seebeck coefficients of 330 microV/K at 900 K. In attempting to attain an understanding of the Seebeck coefficient, we have extended earlier density functional calculations on stacked graphene sheets to 3C SiC nanoclusters with substitutions of Al in Si sites and B in C sites. The calculations show that both types of doping lead to hole states resulting in pronounced decreases in the HOMO-LUMO gap. As a consequence, some of the Al hole states are located near the Fermi level analogous to the situation encountered in stacked graphene sheets. Each of the large number of discrete electronic states introduced into SiC due to doping are associated with a particular Al and B configuration. The implications of these studies are discussed.
C1 [Redfern, P. C.; Gruen, D. M.; Curtiss, Larry; Bruno, Paola] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Routbort, J.; Singh, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gruen, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI bruno, paola/G-5786-2011
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of
Materials Sciences (synthesis, computational studies) and Energy
Efficiency Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies,
thermoelectrics measurements) [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences
(synthesis, computational studies) and Energy Efficiency Renewable
Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, thermoelectrics measurements)
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 at Argonne National Laboratory,
managed by the University of Chicago, LLC. We gratefully acknowledge the
3C, 2H and 4H SIC nanoparticle coordinates which were supplied to us by
Drs. S. K. Nayak and X.-H. Peng.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1941-4900
J9 NANOSCI NANOTECH LET
JI Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 1
SI SI
BP 114
EP 118
DI 10.1166/nnl.2011.1129
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 798MK
UT WOS:000293211200020
ER
PT J
AU Kroll, JH
Donahue, NM
Jimenez, JL
Kessler, SH
Canagaratna, MR
Wilson, KR
Altieri, KE
Mazzoleni, LR
Wozniak, AS
Bluhm, H
Mysak, ER
Smith, JD
Kolb, CE
Worsnop, DR
AF Kroll, Jesse H.
Donahue, Neil M.
Jimenez, Jose L.
Kessler, Sean H.
Canagaratna, Manjula R.
Wilson, Kevin R.
Altieri, Katye E.
Mazzoleni, Lynn R.
Wozniak, Andrew S.
Bluhm, Hendrik
Mysak, Erin R.
Smith, Jared D.
Kolb, Charles E.
Worsnop, Douglas R.
TI Carbon oxidation state as a metric for describing the chemistry of
atmospheric organic aerosol
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALPHA-PINENE; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION;
SECONDARY; VOLATILITY; ISOPRENE; PRODUCTS; PHOTOOXIDATION; HYDROCARBONS;
EVOLUTION
AB A detailed understanding of the sources, transformations and fates of organic species in the environment is crucial because of the central roles that they play in human health, biogeochemical cycles and the Earth's climate. However, such an understanding is hindered by the immense chemical complexity of environmental mixtures of organics; for example, atmospheric organic aerosol consists of at least thousands of individual compounds, all of which likely evolve chemically over their atmospheric lifetimes. Here, we demonstrate the utility of describing organic aerosol (and other complex organic mixtures) in terms of average carbon oxidation state, a quantity that always increases with oxidation, and is readily measured using state-of-the-art analytical techniques. Field and laboratory measurements of the average carbon oxidation state, using several such techniques, constrain the chemical properties of the organics and demonstrate that the formation and evolution of organic aerosol involves simultaneous changes to both carbon oxidation state and carbon number.
C1 [Kroll, Jesse H.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kroll, Jesse H.; Kessler, Sean H.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Donahue, Neil M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Canagaratna, Manjula R.; Kolb, Charles E.; Worsnop, Douglas R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Aerosol & Cloud Chem, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
[Wilson, Kevin R.; Bluhm, Hendrik; Mysak, Erin R.; Smith, Jared D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Altieri, Katye E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Wozniak, Andrew S.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Worsnop, Douglas R.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Worsnop, Douglas R.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Worsnop, Douglas R.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Phys, Kuopio, Finland.
RP Kroll, JH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM jhkroll@mit.edu
RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Donahue, Neil/A-2329-2008; Worsnop,
Douglas/D-2817-2009; Mazzoleni, Lynn/H-6545-2011; Kolb,
Charles/A-8596-2009; Altieri, Katye/M-5231-2014
OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Donahue, Neil/0000-0003-3054-2364;
Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017; Mazzoleni,
Lynn/0000-0002-0226-7337; Altieri, Katye/0000-0002-6778-4079
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [R833746]; US Department of
Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-05ER63995]; National Science Foundation (NSF)
[ATM-0904292, ATM-0449815, ATM-0919189]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA08OAR4310565]; Office of Energy
Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Chemical Sciences
Division of the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory (LBNL); Camille and Henry Dreyfus foundation
FX This work was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Science To Achieve Results (STAR) program (grant R833746 to J.H.K.,
N.M.D., D.R.W.), the US Department of Energy (DOE: grant
DE-FG02-05ER63995), the National Science Foundation (NSF: grant
ATM-0904292 to C.E.K., D.R.W. and M.R.C.; grants ATM-0449815 and
ATM-0919189 to J.L.J.) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA: grant NA08OAR4310565). K.R.W., H.B., E.R.M. and
J.D.S are supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, and Chemical Sciences Division of the US DOE
(contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231), with additional support from the
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at the Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). J.D.S. was also supported by the
Camille and Henry Dreyfus foundation postdoctoral program in
environmental chemistry. This paper has not been subject to peer and
policy review by the above agencies, and therefore does not necessarily
reflect their views; no official endorsement should be inferred.
NR 48
TC 251
Z9 253
U1 15
U2 192
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 2
BP 133
EP 139
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.948
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 710IT
UT WOS:000286505700010
PM 21258386
ER
PT J
AU Biswas, K
He, JQ
Zhang, QC
Wang, GY
Uher, C
Dravid, VP
Kanatzidis, MG
AF Biswas, Kanishka
He, Jiaqing
Zhang, Qichun
Wang, Guoyu
Uher, Ctirad
Dravid, Vinayak P.
Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
TI Strained endotaxial nanostructures with high thermoelectric figure of
merit
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ENERGY-CONVERSION; LEAD TELLURIDE;
TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; PBTE; AGPBMSBTE2+M; EFFICIENCY; POWER
AB Thermoelectric materials can directly generate electrical power from waste heat but the challenge is in designing efficient, stable and inexpensive systems. Nanostructuring in bulk materials dramatically reduces the thermal conductivity but simultaneously increases the charge carrier scattering, which has a detrimental effect on the carrier mobility. We have experimentally achieved concurrent phonon blocking and charge transmitting via the endotaxial placement of nanocrystals in a thermoelectric material host. Endotaxially arranged SrTe nanocrystals at concentrations as low as 2% were incorporated in a PbTe matrix doped with Na(2)Te. This effectively inhibits the heat flow in the system but does not affect the hole mobility, allowing a large power factor to be achieved. The crystallographic alignment of SrTe and PbTe lattices decouples phonon and electron transport and this allows the system to reach a thermoelectric figure of merit of 1.7 at similar to 800 K.
C1 [Biswas, Kanishka; He, Jiaqing; Zhang, Qichun; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[He, Jiaqing; Dravid, Vinayak P.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Wang, Guoyu; Uher, Ctirad] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Biswas, K (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM m-kanatzidis@northwestern.edu
RI He, Jiaqing/A-2245-2010; Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009; Wang,
Guoyu/A-9544-2011; zhang, qichun/A-2253-2011;
OI Wang, Guoyu/0000-0003-0431-742X
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0613]; NSF-NSEC; NSF-MRSEC; Keck
Foundation; State of Illinois; Northwestern University; U. S. Department
of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001054]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (grant
N00014-08-1-0613). Transmission electron microscopy work was performed
in the (EPIC) (NIFTI) (Keck-II) facility of NUANCE Center at
Northwestern University. NUANCE Center is supported by NSF-NSEC,
NSF-MRSEC, Keck Foundation, the State of Illinois, and Northwestern
University. The work at the University of Michigan is supported as part
of the Revolutionary Materials for Solid State Energy Conversion, an
Energy frontier Research Center funded by the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001054.
NR 34
TC 354
Z9 357
U1 41
U2 270
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 2
BP 160
EP 166
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.955
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 710IT
UT WOS:000286505700014
PM 21258390
ER
PT J
AU Chau, R
Hamel, S
Nellis, WJ
AF Chau, Ricky
Hamel, Sebastien
Nellis, William J.
TI Chemical processes in the deep interior of Uranus
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; EQUATION-OF-STATE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SYNTHETIC URANUS;
MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PLANETARY ICES; BASIS-SET; WATER
AB The unusual magnetic fields of the planets Uranus and Neptune represent important observables for constraining and developing deep interior models. Models suggests that the unusual non-dipolar and non-axial magnetic fields of these planets originate from a thin convective and conducting shell of material around a stably stratified fluid core. Here, we present an experimental and computational study of the physical properties of a fluid representative of the interior of Uranus and Neptune. Our electrical conductivity results confirm that the core cannot be well mixed if it is to generate non-axisymmetric magnetic fields. The molecular dynamics simulations highlight the importance of chemistry on the properties of this complex mixture, including the formation of large clusters of carbon and nitrogen and a possible mechanism for a compositional gradient, which may lead to a stably stratified core.
C1 [Chau, Ricky; Hamel, Sebastien] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Nellis, William J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Chau, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM chau2@llnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 22
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 2
AR 203
DI 10.1038/ncomms1198
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 732YP
UT WOS:000288225900032
PM 21343921
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, SC
Zhang, ZJ
Zhao, CG
Hong, KL
Zhao, XB
Ding, DR
Xie, MH
Wu, CD
Das, MC
Gill, R
Thomas, KM
Chen, BL
AF Xiang, Sheng-Chang
Zhang, Zhangjing
Zhao, Cong-Gui
Hong, Kunlun
Zhao, Xuebo
Ding, De-Rong
Xie, Ming-Hua
Wu, Chuan-De
Das, Madhab C.
Gill, Rachel
Thomas, K. Mark
Chen, Banglin
TI Rationally tuned micropores within enantiopure metal-organic frameworks
for highly selective separation of acetylene and ethylene
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS MATERIAL; ENANTIOSELECTIVE SEPARATION; COORDINATION POLYMER;
ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS; SORPTION PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; ADSORPTION;
HYDROGENATION; BEHAVIOR; SOLIDS
AB Separation of acetylene and ethylene is an important industrial process because both compounds are essential reagents for a range of chemical products and materials. Current separation approaches include the partial hydrogenation of acetylene into ethylene over a supported Pd catalyst, and the extraction of cracked olefins using an organic solvent; both routes are costly and energy consuming. Adsorption technologies may allow separation, but microporous materials exhibiting highly selective adsorption of C(2)H(2)/C(2)H(4) have not been realized to date. Here, we report the development of tunable microporous enantiopure mixed-metal-organic framework (M'MOF) materials for highly selective separation of C(2)H(2) and C(2)H(4). The high selectivities achieved suggest the potential application of microporous M'MOFs for practical adsorption-based separation of C(2)H(2)/C(2)H(4).
C1 [Thomas, K. Mark] Newcastle Univ, No Carbon Res Labs, Sir Joseph Swan Inst, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Thomas, K. Mark] Newcastle Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Adv Mat, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Xiang, Sheng-Chang; Zhang, Zhangjing; Zhao, Cong-Gui; Ding, De-Rong; Das, Madhab C.; Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Hong, Kunlun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhao, Xuebo; Gill, Rachel] Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao Inst Bioenergy & Bioproc Technol, Qingdao 266101, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Ming-Hua; Wu, Chuan-De] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
RP Thomas, KM (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, No Carbon Res Labs, Sir Joseph Swan Inst, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
EM mark.thomas@ncl.ac.uk; banglin.chen@utsa.edu
RI Zhang, Zhangjing/A-1038-2011; Das, Madhab/G-2286-2010; Thomas,
Keith/E-7832-2011; Xiang, Shengchang/F-9210-2010; Chen,
Banglin/F-5461-2010; Zhang, Zhangjing/P-2680-2014; Wu,
Chuan-De/B-7546-2013; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015
OI Thomas, Keith/0000-0002-8661-3099; Xiang,
Shengchang/0000-0001-6016-2587; Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115;
Zhang, Zhangjing/0000-0003-1264-7648; Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111
FU NSF [CHE 0718281]; Welch Foundation [AX-1730, AX-1593]; Leverhulme
trust; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User
Facilities, US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the Award CHE 0718281 from the NSF and
AX-1730 from Welch Foundation (B.C.), AX-1593 from Welch Foundation
(C.-G.Z.) and Leverhulme trust (K.M.T.). This research was partially
conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is
sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific
User Facilities, US Department of Energy.
NR 47
TC 217
Z9 218
U1 28
U2 248
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 2
AR 204
DI 10.1038/ncomms1206
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 732YP
UT WOS:000288225900033
PM 21343922
ER
PT J
AU Ma, RM
Oulton, RF
Sorger, VJ
Bartal, G
Zhang, XA
AF Ma, Ren-Min
Oulton, Rupert F.
Sorger, Volker J.
Bartal, Guy
Zhang, Xiang
TI Room-temperature sub-diffraction-limited plasmon laser by total internal
reflection
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBWAVELENGTH; CDS
AB Plasmon lasers are a new class of coherent optical amplifiers that generate and sustain light well below its diffraction limit(1-4). Their intense, coherent and confined optical fields can enhance significantly light-matter interactions and bring fundamentally new capabilities to bio-sensing, data storage, photolithography and optical communications(5-11). However, metallic plasmon laser cavities generally exhibit both high metal and radiation losses, limiting the operation of plasmon lasers to cryogenic temperatures, where sufficient gain can be attained. Here, we present a room-temperature semiconductor sub-diffraction-limited laser by adopting total internal reflection of surface plasmons to mitigate the radiation loss, while using hybrid semiconductor-insulator-metal nanosquares for strong confinement with low metal loss. High cavity quality factors, approaching 100, along with strong lambda/20 mode confinement, lead to enhancements of spontaneous emission rate by up to 18-fold. By controlling the structural geometry we reduce the number of cavity modes to achieve single-mode lasing.
C1 [Ma, Ren-Min; Oulton, Rupert F.; Sorger, Volker J.; Bartal, Guy; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, XA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xiang@berkeley.edu
RI Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011; Ma, Ren-Min/H-9621-2012
FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) MURI
[FA9550-04-1-0434]; National Science Foundation Nano-Scale Science and
Engineering Center (NSF-NSEC) [CMMI-0751621]
FX The authors thank X. B. Yin for discussions. We acknowledge financial
support from the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) MURI
program under grant no. FA9550-04-1-0434 and by the National Science
Foundation Nano-Scale Science and Engineering Center (NSF-NSEC) under
award CMMI-0751621.
NR 26
TC 252
Z9 254
U1 16
U2 205
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 110
EP 113
DI 10.1038/nmat2919
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 710LC
UT WOS:000286512200016
PM 21170028
ER
PT J
AU Meevasana, W
King, PDC
He, RH
Mo, SK
Hashimoto, M
Tamai, A
Songsiriritthigul, P
Baumberger, F
Shen, ZX
AF Meevasana, W.
King, P. D. C.
He, R. H.
Mo, S-K.
Hashimoto, M.
Tamai, A.
Songsiriritthigul, P.
Baumberger, F.
Shen, Z-X.
TI Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare
SrTiO3 surface
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFACES; OXIDES; STATE
AB Many-body interactions in transition-metal oxides give rise to a wide range of functional properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity(1), colossal magnetoresistance(2) or multiferroicity(3). The seminal recent discovery of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface of the insulating oxides LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 (ref. 4) represents an important milestone towards exploiting such properties in all-oxide devices(5). This conducting interface shows a number of appealing properties, including a high electron mobility(4,6), superconductivity(7) and large magnetoresistance(8), and can be patterned on the few-nanometre length scale. However, the microscopic origin of the interface 2DEG is poorly understood. Here, we show that a similar 2DEG, with an electron density as large as 8 x 10(13) cm(-2), can be formed at the bare SrTiO3 surface. Furthermore, we find that the 2DEG density can be controlled through exposure of the surface to intense ultraviolet light. Subsequent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal an unusual coexistence of a light quasiparticle mass and signatures of strong many-body interactions.
C1 [Meevasana, W.; He, R. H.; Mo, S-K.; Hashimoto, M.; Shen, Z-X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Meevasana, W.; He, R. H.; Mo, S-K.; Hashimoto, M.; Shen, Z-X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Meevasana, W.; He, R. H.; Shen, Z-X.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Meevasana, W.; King, P. D. C.; Tamai, A.; Baumberger, F.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Meevasana, W.; Songsiriritthigul, P.] Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Phys, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
[Meevasana, W.; Songsiriritthigul, P.] Synchrotron Light Res Inst, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
[Meevasana, W.; Songsiriritthigul, P.] CHE, Thailand Ctr Excellence Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
[He, R. H.; Mo, S-K.; Hashimoto, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shen, ZX (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM zxshen@stanford.edu
RI He, Ruihua/A-6975-2010; Baumberger, Felix/A-5170-2008; Mo,
Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Tamai, Anna/B-9219-2014; King, Philip/D-3809-2014
OI Baumberger, Felix/0000-0001-7104-7541; Mo,
Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514; Tamai, Anna/0000-0001-5239-6826; King,
Philip/0000-0002-6523-9034
FU DOE's Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515,
DE-AC03-76SF00098]; UK-EPSRC [EP/F006640/1]; ERC [207901]; The Thailand
Research Fund; Office of the Higher Education Commission; Suranaree
University of Technology
FX We would like to thank H. Y. Hwang, H. Takagi, M. R. Beasley, J. L. M.
van Mechelen, D. van der Marel, P. Reunchan and S. Limpijumnong for
helpful discussions. W. M. would like to thank H. Nakajima and Y.
Rattanachai for help with the resistivity measurement. The work at ALS
and Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences is supported by
DOE's Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contracts No.
DE-AC02-76SF00515 and DE-AC03-76SF00098. The work at St. Andrews is
supported by the UK-EPSRC (EP/F006640/1) and the ERC (207901). W.M.
acknowledges The Thailand Research Fund, Office of the Higher Education
Commission and Suranaree University of Technology for financial support.
NR 28
TC 216
Z9 216
U1 9
U2 158
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 114
EP 118
DI 10.1038/nmat2943
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 710LC
UT WOS:000286512200017
PM 21240289
ER
PT J
AU Wei, H
Wang, ZD
Zhang, J
House, S
Gao, YG
Yang, LM
Robinson, H
Tan, LH
Xing, H
Hou, CJ
Robertson, IM
Zuo, JM
Lu, Y
AF Wei, Hui
Wang, Zidong
Zhang, Jiong
House, Stephen
Gao, Yi-Gui
Yang, Limin
Robinson, Howard
Tan, Li Huey
Xing, Hang
Hou, Changjun
Robertson, Ian M.
Zuo, Jian-Min
Lu, Yi
TI Time-dependent, protein-directed growth of gold nanoparticles within a
single crystal of lysozyme
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOSTRUCTURES; CHEMISTRY; BIOMINERALIZATION; ACCUMULATION; BIOFILMS;
BACTERIA; BIOLOGY; ARRAYS; CAGES
C1 [Wei, Hui; Yang, Limin; Tan, Li Huey; Xing, Hang; Lu, Yi] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Wang, Zidong; Zhang, Jiong; House, Stephen; Robertson, Ian M.; Zuo, Jian-Min; Lu, Yi] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gao, Yi-Gui] Univ Illinois, George L Clark Xray Facil, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gao, Yi-Gui] Univ Illinois, Mat Lab 3M, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Yang, Limin; Hou, Changjun] Chongqing Univ, Coll Bioengn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Lu, Y (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 1209 W Calif St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM ianr@illinois.edu; jianzuo@illinois.edu; yi-lu@illinois.edu
RI Lu, Yi/B-5461-2010; Wang, Zidong/B-4810-2010; Wei, Hui/E-6799-2011;
OI Lu, Yi/0000-0003-1221-6709; Wei, Hui/0000-0003-0870-7142; House,
Stephen/0000-0003-2035-6373
FU US National Science Foundation [CMMI 0749028, DMR-0117792]; DOE
[DEFG02-01ER45923]; US Department of Energy [DE-FC36-05GO15064]
FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (CMMI
0749028 and DMR-0117792). The authors thank C. Lei and J. Wen for help
with the (S) TEM imaging, L.A. Miller for the preparation of microtome
samples and 75 kV TEM imaging, J. Soares for solid-state absorption
spectroscopic measurements, M. Sardela for XRD measurements, and Y.-W.
Lin, N.M. Marshall, S.-L. Tian, H.E. Ihms and K.-D. Miner for helpful
discussions. J.Z. and J.M.Z. are supported by DOE DEFG02-01ER45923. S.H.
and I.M.R. acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy (grant
DE-FC36-05GO15064). (S) TEM experiments were carried out in part in the
Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities,
University of Illinois.
NR 35
TC 96
Z9 96
U1 13
U2 167
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 2
BP 93
EP 97
DI 10.1038/nnano.2010.280
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 716KW
UT WOS:000286968500008
PM 21278750
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JX
Xiang, B
He, Q
Seidel, J
Zeches, RJ
Yu, P
Yang, SY
Wang, CH
Chu, YH
Martin, LW
Minor, AM
Ramesh, R
AF Zhang, J. X.
Xiang, B.
He, Q.
Seidel, J.
Zeches, R. J.
Yu, P.
Yang, S. Y.
Wang, C. H.
Chu, Y-H
Martin, L. W.
Minor, A. M.
Ramesh, R.
TI Large field-induced strains in a lead-free piezoelectric material
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MORPHOTROPIC PHASE-BOUNDARY; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS;
SOLID-SOLUTION; BIFEO3 FILMS; POLARIZATION; SYSTEM; DYNAMICS; TITANATE;
DOMAINS
AB Piezoelectric materials exhibit a mechanical response to electrical inputs, as well as an electrical response to mechanical inputs, which makes them useful in sensors and actuators(1). Lead-based piezoelectrics demonstrate a large mechanical response, but they also pose a health risk(2). The ferroelectric BiFeO3 is an attractive alternative because it is lead-free, and because strain can stabilize BiFeO3 phases with a structure that resembles a morphotropic phase boundary(3). Here we report a reversible electric-field-induced strain of over 5% in BiFeO3 films, together with a characterization of the origins of this effect. In situ transmission electron microscopy coupled with nanoscale electrical and mechanical probing shows that large strains result from moving the boundaries between tetragonal- and rhombohedral-like phases, which changes the phase stability of the mixture. These results demonstrate the potential of BiFeO3 as a substitute for lead-based materials in future piezoelectric applications.
C1 [Zhang, J. X.; He, Q.; Seidel, J.; Yu, P.; Yang, S. Y.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Xiang, B.; Minor, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seidel, J.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zeches, R. J.; Minor, A. M.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wang, C. H.; Chu, Y-H] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
[Martin, L. W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Zhang, JX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jinxing@berkeley.edu
RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; He, Qing/E-3202-2010; Martin,
Lane/H-2409-2011; Xiang, Bin/C-9192-2012; Yu, Pu/F-1594-2014
OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; Martin, Lane/0000-0003-1889-2513;
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences
Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National
Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;
US Department of Energy; National Science Council [099-2811-M-009-003];
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
FX The work at Berkeley was supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US
Department of Energy (contract DE-AC02-05CH11231). The authors
acknowledge support from the National Center for Electron Microscopy,
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the US
Department of Energy (contract DE-AC02-05CH11231). The work at National
Chiao Tung University was supported by the National Science Council
(contract 099-2811-M-009-003). J.S. acknowledges support from the
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
NR 30
TC 152
Z9 155
U1 15
U2 243
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
EI 1748-3395
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 2
BP 97
EP 101
DI 10.1038/nnano.2010.265
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 716KW
UT WOS:000286968500009
PM 21240285
ER
PT J
AU Wurtz, GA
Pollard, R
Hendren, W
Wiederrecht, GP
Gosztola, DJ
Podolskiy, VA
Zayats, AV
AF Wurtz, G. A.
Pollard, R.
Hendren, W.
Wiederrecht, G. P.
Gosztola, D. J.
Podolskiy, V. A.
Zayats, A. V.
TI Designed ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a plasmonic nanorod
metamaterial enhanced by nonlocality
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOPARTICLES; DYNAMICS; LIGHT; GOLD; MOLECULES
AB All-optical signal processing enables modulation and transmission speeds not achievable using electronics alone(1,2). However, its practical applications are limited by the inherently weak nonlinear effects that govern photon-photon interactions in conventional materials, particularly at high switching rates(3). Here, we show that the recently discovered nonlocal optical behaviour of plasmonic nanorod metamaterials(4) enables an enhanced, ultrafast, nonlinear optical response. We observe a large (80%) change of transmission through a subwavelength thick slab of metamaterial subjected to a low control light fluence of 7 mJ cm(-2), with switching frequencies in the terahertz range. We show that both the response time and the nonlinearity can be engineered by appropriate design of the metamaterial nanostructure. The use of nonlocality to enhance the nonlinear optical response of metamaterials, demonstrated here in plasmonic nanorod composites, could lead to ultrafast, low-power all-optical information processing in subwavelength-scale devices.
C1 [Zayats, A. V.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Wurtz, G. A.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
[Pollard, R.; Hendren, W.] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Nanostructured Media, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Wiederrecht, G. P.; Gosztola, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Podolskiy, V. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Zayats, AV (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England.
EM a.zayats@kcl.ac.uk
RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011; Zayats, Anatoly/E-7060-2010;
OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379; Pollard, Robert/0000-0001-5872-9468
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK); Center
for Nanoscale Materials by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National
Science Foundation [ECCS-0724763]; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-07-1-0457]
FX The work of G.A.W., R.P., W.H. and A.V.Z. was supported by the
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK). G.P.W.
and D.J.G. were supported through the Center for Nanoscale Materials by
the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357). The work of V.A.P. was
supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS-0724763) and the
Office of Naval Research (N00014-07-1-0457).
NR 32
TC 199
Z9 202
U1 11
U2 147
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 2
BP 106
EP 110
DI 10.1038/nnano.2010.278
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 716KW
UT WOS:000286968500011
PM 21258335
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, S
Chan, CWI
Hu, Q
Reno, JL
AF Kumar, Sushil
Chan, Chun Wang I.
Hu, Qing
Reno, John L.
TI A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the
temperature of (h)over-bar omega/k(B)
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; SEMICONDUCTOR; SUPERLATTICE;
DYNAMICS; THZ
AB Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to (h) over bar omega/k(B), a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to similar to 1.9 omega h/k(B) (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser.
C1 [Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Reno, John L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
EM sushil@alum.mit.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation; United States Department of Energy, Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, and Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation. The work was carried
out in part at the United States Department of Energy, Center for
Integrated Nanotechnologies, and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000).
NR 32
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U1 3
U2 30
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 166
EP 171
DI 10.1038/NPHYS1846
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 714JX
UT WOS:000286807000021
ER
PT J
AU Li, M
DiMaio, F
Zhou, DW
Gustchina, A
Lubkowski, J
Dauter, Z
Baker, D
Wlodawer, A
AF Li, Mi
DiMaio, Frank
Zhou, Dongwen
Gustchina, Alla
Lubkowski, Jacek
Dauter, Zbigniew
Baker, David
Wlodawer, Alexander
TI Crystal structure of XMRV protease differs from the structures of other
retropepsins
SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; HIV-1 PROTEASE; VIRUS PROTEASE; DRUG DESIGN;
INHIBITORS; GENE
AB Using energy and density guided Rosetta refinement to improve molecular replacement, we determined the crystal structure of the protease encoded by xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV). Despite overall similarity of XMRV protease to other retropepsins, the topology of its dimer interface more closely resembles those of the monomeric, pepsin-like enzymes. Thus, XMRV protease may represent a distinct branch of the aspartic protease family.
C1 [Li, Mi; Zhou, Dongwen; Gustchina, Alla; Wlodawer, Alexander] NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
[Li, Mi] SAIC Frederick, Basic Res Program, Frederick, MD USA.
[DiMaio, Frank; Baker, David] Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Lubkowski, Jacek] NCI, Macromol Assembly Struct & Cell Signaling Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
[Dauter, Zbigniew] NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA.
RP Wlodawer, A (reprint author), NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
EM wlodawer@nih.gov
RI Baker, David/K-8941-2012
OI Baker, David/0000-0001-7896-6217
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38]; US National Institutes of Health, National
Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E]
FX We acknowledge the use of beamline 22-ID of the Southeast Regional
Collaborative Access Team (SER-CAT), located at the Advanced Photon
Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS was supported
by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, under contract no. W-31-109-Eng-38. This work was
supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the US National
Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer
Research and with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, under contract HHSN261200800001E. The
content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does the
mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 18
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U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1545-9993
EI 1545-9985
J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL
JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 2
BP 227
EP 229
DI 10.1038/nsmb.1964
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 716LD
UT WOS:000286969200017
PM 21258323
ER
PT J
AU Oh, H
Mormino, EC
Madison, C
Hayenga, A
Smiljic, A
Jagust, WJ
AF Oh, Hwamee
Mormino, Elizabeth C.
Madison, Cindee
Hayenga, Amynta
Smiljic, Andre
Jagust, William J.
TI beta-Amyloid affects frontal and posterior brain networks in normal
aging
SO NEUROIMAGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Aging; Amyloid; PIB-PET; Cognition; Human; VBM
ID PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT;
VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; ELDERLY
SUBJECTS; OLDER PERSONS; IN-VIVO; DEMENTIA
AB Although deposition of beta-amyloid (A beta), a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), has also been reported in cognitively intact older people, its influence on brain structure and cognition during normal aging remains controversial. Using PET imaging with the radiotracer Pittsburgh compound B (PIB), structural MRI, and cognitive measures, we examined the relationships between A beta deposition, gray matter volume, and cognition in older people without AD. Fifty-two healthy older participants underwent PIB-PET and structural MRI scanning and detailed neuropsychological tests. Results from the whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed that gray matter volume in the left inferior frontal cortex was negatively associated with amyloid deposition across all participants whereas reduced gray matter volume was shown in the posterior cingulate among older people with high amyloid deposition. When gray matter density measures extracted from these two regions were related to other brain regions by applying a structural covariance analysis, distinctive frontal and posterior brain networks were seen. Gray matter volume in these networks in relation to cognition, however, differed such that reduced frontal network gray matter volume was associated with poorer working memory performance while no relationship was found for the posterior network. The present findings highlight structural and cognitive changes in association with the level of A beta deposition in cognitively intact normal elderly and suggest a differential role of A beta-dependent gray matter loss in the frontal and posterior networks in cognition during normal aging. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oh, Hwamee; Mormino, Elizabeth C.; Madison, Cindee; Hayenga, Amynta; Smiljic, Andre; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Oh, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 132 Barker Hall,MC 3190, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hwameeoh@berkeley.edu
OI Kennedy, Kristen/0000-0001-5373-9026
FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG034570, R01 AG034570-01]
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1053-8119
J9 NEUROIMAGE
JI Neuroimage
PD FEB 1
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 3
BP 1887
EP 1895
DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.027
PG 9
WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 707QV
UT WOS:000286302000014
PM 20965254
ER
PT J
AU Sewards, TV
AF Sewards, Terence V.
TI Neural structures and mechanisms involved in scene recognition: A review
and interpretation
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE Scene recognition; Parahippocampal cortex; Hippocampus; Orbitomedial
cortex; Temporopolar cortex
ID SPATIAL VIEW CELLS; PARAHIPPOCAMPAL PLACE AREA; ANTERIOR THALAMIC
NUCLEI; MEDIAL TEMPORAL-LOBE; PURE TOPOGRAPHICAL DISORIENTATION;
ENTORHINAL-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM; MONKEY RETROSPLENIAL CORTEX; COMPLEX
NATURALISTIC SCENES; POSTERIOR PARIETAL CORTEX; PRIMATE CEREBRAL-CORTEX
AB Since the discovery in 1996 that a region within caudal parahippocampal cortex subserves learning and recall of topographical information, numerous studies aimed at elucidating the structures and pathways involved in scene recognition have been published. Neuroimaging studies, in particular, have revealed the locations and identities of some of the principal cortical structures that mediate these faculties. In the present study the detailed organization of the system is examined, based on a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of scene processing in human subjects, combined with reviews of the results of lesions on this type of processing, single neuron studies, and available hodological data in non-human primates. A cortical hierarchy of structures that mediate scene recognition is established based on these data, and an attempt is made to determine the function of the individual components of the system. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Res Ctr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA.
RP Sewards, TV (reprint author), Sandia Res Ctr, 21 Perdiz Canyon Rd, Placitas, NM 87043 USA.
EM tsewards@yahoo.com
NR 244
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 277
EP 298
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.11.018
PG 22
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 728YH
UT WOS:000287909900001
PM 21095199
ER
PT J
AU Knoll, DA
Park, H
Smith, K
AF Knoll, D. A.
Park, H.
Smith, Kord
TI Application of the Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov Method to Nonlinear
Acceleration of Transport Source Iteration in Slab Geometry
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID ALGORITHM; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS
AB The use of the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) method within the context of nonlinear diffusion acceleration (NDA) of source iteration is explored. The JFNK method is a synergistic combination of Newton's method as the nonlinear solver and Krylov methods as the linear solver. JFNK methods do not form or store the Jacobian matrix, and Newton's method is executed via probing the nonlinear discrete function to approximate the required matrix-vector products. Current application of NDA relies upon a fixed-point, or Picard, iteration to resolve the nonlinearity. We show that the JFNK method can be used to replace this Picard iteration with a Newton iteration. The Picard linearization is retained as a preconditioner. We show that the resulting JFNK-NDA capability provides benefit in some regimes. Furthermore, we study the effects of a two-grid approach, and the required intergrid transfers when the higher-order transport method is solved on a fine mesh compared to the low-order acceleration problem.
C1 [Knoll, D. A.; Park, H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Smith, Kord] Studsv Scandpower, Idaho Falls, ID 83404 USA.
RP Knoll, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM nol@lanl.gov
FU DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517, INL/CN-08-14429]
FX This work has been carried out for the U.S. Department of Energy Office
of Nuclear Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517 (INL/CN-08-14429).
NR 14
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U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 167
IS 2
BP 122
EP 132
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 721DM
UT WOS:000287332700002
ER
PT J
AU Knoll, DA
Park, H
Newman, C
AF Knoll, D. A.
Park, H.
Newman, C.
TI Acceleration of k-Eigenvalue/Criticality Calculations Using the
Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov Method
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS; EQUATIONS; ITERATION; SYSTEMS
AB We present a new approach for the k-eigenvalue problem using a combination of classical power iteration and the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) method. The method poses the k-eigenvalue problem as a fully coupled nonlinear system, which is solved by JFNK with an effective block preconditioning consisting of the power iteration and algebraic multigrid. We demonstrate effectiveness and algorithmic scalability of the method on a one-dimensional, one-group problem and two two-dimensional two-group problems and provide comparison to other efforts using similar algorithmic approaches.
C1 [Knoll, D. A.; Park, H.; Newman, C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Knoll, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM nol@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Government [DEAC07-05ID14517, INL/JOU-09-17332]
FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S.
Government under contract DEAC07-05ID14517 (INL/JOU-09-17332). The
authors wish to thank K. Smith (Studsvik Scandpower) for useful
discussion.
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PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
EI 1943-748X
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 167
IS 2
BP 133
EP 140
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 721DM
UT WOS:000287332700003
ER
PT J
AU Swinhoe, MT
AF Swinhoe, M. T.
TI Calculation of the (alpha, n) Emission from Plutonium Nitrate and
Plutonium Uranyl Nitrate Solutions
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
AB Neutron coincidence measurements of plutonium samples with uncertainties <0.5% could reduce the amount of costly destructive analysis required for nuclear material accountancy in plutonium handling plants. The ratio of (alpha, n) emission to spontaneous fission neutron emission, a, of plutonium samples is important to the interpretation of neutron coincidence measurements. When the "known alpha" analysis method is used, an error on the a value propagates to approximately the same percentage error on the measured plutonium mass. Molality data of Charrin and the SOURCES code have been used to update the calculation of a for both pure plutonium nitrate solutions and plutonium/uranyl nitrate solutions of different concentrations and acidity. This paper gives equations for the density of the solution as a function of heavy metal concentration and for the a weight factors that can be used in the analysis of neutron coincidence measurements.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Swinhoe, MT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM Swinhoe@lanl.gov
NR 7
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 167
IS 2
BP 171
EP 175
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 721DM
UT WOS:000287332700007
ER
PT J
AU Bays, SE
Herring, JS
Tulenko, J
AF Bays, Samuel E.
Herring, J. Stephen
Tulenko, James
TI AN AXIALLY HETEROGENEOUS SODIUM-COOLED FAST REACTOR DESIGNED TO
TRANSMUTE MINOR ACTINIDES
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sodium-cooled fast reactor; heterogeneous recycle; axial target
ID FAST BREEDER-REACTORS; PERFORMANCE; AMERICIUM; SYSTEM
AB An axially heterogeneous sodium-cooled fast reactor design is developed for converting minor actinide waste isotopes into plutonium fuel. The reactor design incorporates zirconium hydride moderating rods in an axial blanket above the active core. The blanket design traps the active core's axial leakage for the purpose of transmuting (241)Am into (238)PU. This (238)PU is then co-recycled with the spent driver fuel to make new driver fuel. Because (238)Pu is significantly more fissionable than (241)Am in a fast neutron spectrum, the fissile worth of the initial minor actinide material is upgraded by its preconditioning via transmutation in the axial targets. Because the (241)Am neutron capture worth is significantly greater in a moderated epithermal spectrum than the fast spectrum, the axial targets serve as a neutron trap that recovers some of the axial leakage lost by the active core.
A low transuranic conversion ratio is achieved by a degree of core flattening that increases axial leakage. Unlike a traditional "pancake" design, neutron leakage is recovered by the axial target/blanket system. This heterogeneous core design is constrained to have sodium void and Doppler reactivity worth similar to that of an equivalent homogeneous design. Contrary to a homogeneous design, concentrating minor actinides (MAs) in an axial blanket mitigates the problem of above-threshold multiplication during sodium voiding. Because minor actinides are irradiated only once in the axial target region, elemental partitioning of the minor actinides from plutonium is not required. This fact enables the use of metal targets with pyroprocessing. After reprocessing, the target's newly bred (238)Pu and remaining unburned MAs become the feedstock for the next batch of driver fuel.
C1 [Bays, Samuel E.; Herring, J. Stephen] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Tulenko, James] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Bays, SE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Samuel.Bays@inl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE
Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. The authors would like to thank M. Meyer, D. Porter,
S. Piet, M. Asgari, R. Wigeland, and G. Palmioti of Idaho National
Laboratory and E. Hoffman of Argonne National Laboratory for their
contributions of nuclear fuel, fuel cycle, and fast reactor technical
insights that helped guide this work.
NR 30
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U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 115
EP 134
PG 20
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400002
ER
PT J
AU Hoover, RO
Phongikaroon, S
Simpson, MF
Yoo, TS
Li, SX
AF Hoover, Robert O.
Phongikaroon, Supathorn
Simpson, Michael F.
Yoo, Tae-Sic
Li, Shelly X.
TI COMPUTATIONAL MODEL OF THE MARK-IV ELECTROREFINER: TWO-DIMENSIONAL
POTENTIAL AND CURRENT DISTRIBUTIONS
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemical processing; electrorefiner; potential distribution
ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; MOLTEN-SALT; URANIUM; LICL; DISSOLUTION; ZIRCONIUM;
PLUTONIUM; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM
AB A computational model of the Mark-IV electrorefiner is currently being developed as a joint project between Idaho National Laboratory, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Seoul National University, and the University of Idaho. As part of this model, the two-dimensional potential and current distributions within the molten salt electrolyte are calculated for U(3+), Zr(4+), and Pu(3+) along with the total distributions, using the partial differential equation solver of the commercial Matlab software. The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte solution is shown to depend primarily on the composition of the electrolyte and to average 205 mho/m with a standard deviation of 2.5 x 10(-5)% throughout the electrorefining process. These distributions show that the highest potential gradients (thus, the highest current) exist directly between the two anodes and cathode. The total, uranium, and plutonium potential gradients are shown to increase throughout the process, with a slight decrease in that of zirconium. The distributions also show small potential gradients and very little current flow in the region far from the operating electrodes.
C1 [Hoover, Robert O.; Phongikaroon, Supathorn] Univ Idaho, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Dept Chem Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Simpson, Michael F.; Yoo, Tae-Sic; Li, Shelly X.] Idaho Natl Lab, Pyroproc Technol Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Hoover, RO (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Dept Chem Engn, Nucl Engn Program, 995 Univ Blvd, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
EM roberthoover@vandals.uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S./Republic of Korea International Nuclear
Energy Research Initiative (I-NERI) [2007-006-K]
FX This research was supported financially by the U.S. Department of Energy
under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development program. It was carried
out within the U.S./Republic of Korea International Nuclear Energy
Research Initiative (I-NERI) program (project 2007-006-K).
NR 18
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U2 7
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 176
EP 182
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400006
ER
PT J
AU Law, JD
Meikrantz, DH
Garn, TG
Macaluso, LL
AF Law, Jack D.
Meikrantz, David H.
Garn, Troy G.
Macaluso, Lawrence L.
TI ADVANCED REMOTE MAINTENANCE DESIGN FOR PILOT-SCALE CENTRIFUGAL
CONTACTORS
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE centrifugal contactor; remote design; nuclear fuel processing
AB Advanced designs of spent nuclear fuel recycling processes and radioactive waste treatment processes are expected to include more ambitious goals for aqueous-based separations, including higher separation efficiency, high-level waste minimization, and a greater focus on continuous processes to minimize cost and footprint. Therefore, annular centrifugal contactors are destined to play a more important role for such future processing schemes. Pilot-scale testing will be an integral part of development of many of these processes. An advanced design for remote maintenance of pilot-scale centrifugal contactors has been developed and a prototype module fabricated and tested for a commercially available pilot-scale centrifugal contactor (CINC V-02, 5-cm rotor diameter). Advanced design features include air-actuated clamps for holding the motor/rotor assembly in place, an integral electrical connection, upper flange O-rings, a welded bottom plate, a lifting bale, and guide pins. These design features will allow for rapid replacement of the motor/rotor assembly, which can be accomplished while maintaining process equilibrium in the operating contactors during replacement of a unit. This means that fluids in the operating contactors remain at equilibrium with respect to composition and that process solutions are ready to resume discharge when the contactor is replaced and feed solutions are restarted. Hydraulic testing of a three-stage prototype unit was also performed to verify that design changes did not impact performance of the centrifugal contactors. Details of the pilot-scale remote maintenance design, results of testing in a remote mock-up test facility, and results of hydraulic testing of the advanced design are provided.
C1 [Law, Jack D.; Meikrantz, David H.; Garn, Troy G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Macaluso, Lawrence L.] Adv Machine Design, Carson City, NV 89703 USA.
RP Law, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM jack.law@inl.gov
OI Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542
FU U.S. DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology
[DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was performed under the auspices and financial support of the
U.S. DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, through
contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. We wish to thank J. Blaylock of the INL
Materials and Fuels Complex Remote Mock-up Shop for his invaluable input
and unmatched skill and experience with manual remote-handling design
and operations of both the EMM and MSM equipment. His suggestions,
comments, and observations are greatly appreciated.
NR 13
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PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 191
EP 199
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400008
ER
PT J
AU Vasudevamurthy, G
Knight, TW
Adams, TM
Roberts, E
AF Vasudevamurthy, Gokul
Knight, Travis W.
Adams, Thad M.
Roberts, Elwyn
TI PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZrC-UC INERT MATRIX COMPOSITE FUEL
FOR GAS FAST REACTORS
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE inert matrix fuels; uranium carbide microspheres; gas fast reactor
ID VAPORIZATION BEHAVIOR; CARBIDE FUELS
AB Dispersed fuel composites consisting of uranium carbide particles (microspheres) in a zirconium carbide (inert) matrix were fabricated and characterized. Advanced fuels including refractory inert matrix fuels are being considered for gas fast reactors, which can accommodate a variety of feed materials including recycled transuranics that include minor actinides for incineration and high-level waste reduction. The particles for this effort were fabricated by employing a custom built rotating electrode machine. This process employed a uranium carbide electrode manufactured by combustion synthesis of uranium hydride and graphite powders. Two process parameters, namely, arc intensity and rotational speed, were varied to assess their effects on the size of the particles produced. The particles were characterized for microstructure, density, and composition (homogeneity). These particles were mixed with pure zirconium and graphite powders in different matrix to particle volumetric ratios of 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 and inductively heated to 1850 degrees C to initiate combustion synthesis to produce composites of zirconium carbide with the embedded uranium carbide particles. The aim was to limit process temperature and in particular process time, bearing in mind the possible future extensions of these processes to minor actinide bearing fuels and also to avoid any changes in the structural integrity of the particles and large-scale diffusion of uranium into the matrix. The composites were characterized for microstructure, phase composition, density, and porosity distribution. The results are presented.
C1 [Vasudevamurthy, Gokul; Knight, Travis W.; Roberts, Elwyn] Univ S Carolina, Nucl Engn Program, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Adams, Thad M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Knight, TW (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Nucl Engn Program, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM knighttw@engr.sc.edu
OI Knight, Travis/0000-0002-8517-7395
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-FG02-06ER46270]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, under Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
(EPSCoR): Building EPSCoR-State/National Laboratory Partnerships,
contract DE-FG02-06ER46270.
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PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 200
EP 209
PG 10
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400009
ER
PT J
AU Porter, DL
Hilton, CB
AF Porter, Douglas L.
Hilton, Conor B.
TI EXTENDING SODIUM FAST REACTOR DRIVER FUEL USE TO HIGHER TEMPERATURES
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fast reactor fuel; high-temperature fast reactor
ID CONSTITUENT REDISTRIBUTION; EBR-II; PINS; FABRICATION; ALLOYS
AB Calculations of potential sodium-cooled fast reactor fuel temperatures were performed to estimate the effects of increasing the outlet temperature of a given fast reactor design by increasing pin power, decreasing assembly flow, or increasing inlet temperature. Based upon experience in the United States, both metal and mixed oxide (MOX) fuel types are discussed in terms of potential performance effects created by the increased operating temperatures. Assembly outlet temperatures of 600, 650, and 700 degrees C were used as goal temperatures. Fuel-cladding chemical interaction (FCCI) and fuel melting, as well as challenges to the mechanical integrity of the cladding material, were identified as the limiting phenomena. For example, starting with a recent 1000 MW (thermal) fast reactor design, raising the outlet temperature to 650 degrees C through pin power increase raised the MOX centerline temperature to more than 3300 degrees C and the metal fuel peak cladding temperature to more than 700 degrees C. These exceeded limitations to fuel performance; fuel melting was limiting for MOX and FCCI for metal fuel. Both could be alleviated by design "fixes," such as using a barrier inside the cladding to minimize FCCI in the metal fuel, or using annular fuel in the case of MOX. Both would also require an advanced cladding material with improved stress rupture properties. Although some of these are costly, the benefits of having a high-temperature reactor that can support hydrogen production, or other missions requiring high process heat, may justify the extra costs.
C1 [Porter, Douglas L.; Hilton, Conor B.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Porter, DL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Douglas.Porter@inl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC
[DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC,
under contract DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The
authors would also like to acknowledge the late R. G. Pahl, who, along
with Fuel Manufacturing and Hot Fuel Examination Facility based
collaborators (now part of the Idaho National Laboratory), created the
experiments and generated and analyzed much of the raw data that allowed
review of the U-xPu-10Zr fuel operating characteristics. M. C. Billone
of Argonne National Laboratory is also appreciated for providing a
correlation for the metal FCCI.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 173
IS 2
BP 218
EP 225
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 715UC
UT WOS:000286912400011
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, T
Cui, W
Anderegg, J
Shinar, J
Shinar, R
AF Xiao, T.
Cui, W.
Anderegg, J.
Shinar, J.
Shinar, R.
TI Simple routes for improving polythiophene: fullerene-based organic solar
cells
SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic solar cells; PEDOT:PSS; P3HT:PCBM; Power conversion efficiency
ID POLYMER PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; SELF-ORGANIZATION; THIN-FILMS; MORPHOLOGY;
CONDUCTIVITY; BLENDS; ANODES; ENHANCEMENT; SULFONATE); EFFICIENT
AB Improved power conversion efficiency (PCE), by up to similar to 27%, of organic solar cells based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS)/poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C(60)-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) were obtained via simple modifications, widely applicable, in the fabrication of the spin-coated PEDOT: PSS layer. These included (i) further diluting the original PEDOT: PSS solution with deionized water, (ii) mixing the original PEDOT: PSS solution with ethylene glycol (EG), and (iii) spin coating EG over a PEDOT: PSS layer fabricated using the original solution. The optimal dilutions, spin coating rates, and durations were determined. Approach (iii) resulted in the best cell with a PCE of 4.7% as compared to 3.7% for the untreated PEDOT: PSS. To evaluate the origin of the improvements we monitored the PEDOT: PSS conductivity, external quantum efficiency of the devices, and their I-V curves that indicated an increase of similar to 16% in the short-circuit current I(SC). Other characteristics included the PEDOT: PSS layer thickness, its transmittance, P3HT: PCBM absorption spectra, its morphology, and surface chemical composition. The results indicate that in addition to the enhanced PEDOT: PSS conductivity (following some of the treatments) that improves charge extraction, enhanced PEDOT: PSS transmission and especially, enhanced P3HT: PCBM absorption contribute to improved solar cell performance, the latter by increasing I(SC). While the various treatments in the optimized devices had a minor effect on the PEDOT: PSS thickness, its morphology, and consequently that of the active layer, were affected. The surface roughness of the active layer increased significantly and, importantly, in devices with PEDOT: PSS/EG/P3HT: PCBM, PCBM aggregates were observed near the cathode. Such aggregates may also result in increased absorption and improved charge extraction. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xiao, T.; Anderegg, J.; Shinar, J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Xiao, T.; Cui, W.; Shinar, R.] Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Xiao, T.; Cui, W.; Shinar, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Shinar, J.; Shinar, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Shinar, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM jshinar@iastate.edu; rshinar@iastate.edu
FU Iowa Power Fund; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, USDOE; Iowa State
University for the US Department of Energy (USDOE) [DE-AC 02-07CH11358]
FX This work was partially supported by the Iowa Power Fund and the
Director for Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, USDOE.
Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University for the US
Department of Energy (USDOE) under Contract No. DE-AC 02-07CH11358.
NR 33
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-1199
J9 ORG ELECTRON
JI Org. Electron.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 2
BP 257
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.orgel.2010.11.008
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 709SV
UT WOS:000286462600006
ER
PT J
AU Kasiviswanathan, S
Zhao, B
Vasudevan, S
Urgaonkar, B
AF Kasiviswanathan, Shiva
Zhao, Bo
Vasudevan, Sudarashan
Urgaonkar, Bhuvan
TI Bandwidth provisioning in infrastructure-based wireless networks
employing directional antennas
SO PERVASIVE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Directional antennas; Bandwidth provisioning; Max-min fairness
ID ALLOCATION
AB Motivated by the widespread proliferation of wireless networks employing directional antennas, we study the problem of provisioning bandwidth in such networks. Given a set of subscribers and one or more access points possessing directional antennas, we formalize the problem of orienting these antennas in two fundamental settings: (i) subscriber-centric, where the objective is to fairly allocate bandwidth among the subscribers and (ii) provider-centric, where the objective is to maximize the revenue generated by satisfying the bandwidth requirements of subscribers. For both the problems, we first design algorithms for a network with only one access point working under the assumption that the number of antennas does not exceed the number of non-interfering channels. Using the well-regarded lexicographic max-min fair allocation as the objective for a subscriber-centric network, we present a dynamic programming algorithm that achieves the fairest allocation. For a provider-centric network, the allocation problem turns out to be NP-hard. We present a greedy heuristic-based algorithm that guarantees almost half of the optimum revenue. We later enhance both these algorithms to operate in more general networks with multiple access points and no restrictions on the relative numbers of antennas and channels. A simulation-based evaluation using OPNET demonstrates the efficacy of our approaches and provides us further insights into these problems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kasiviswanathan, Shiva] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Vasudevan, Sudarashan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Zhao, Bo; Urgaonkar, Bhuvan] Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Kasiviswanathan, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM kasivisw@gmail.com; bzhao@cse.psu.edu; svasu@cs.umass.edu;
bhuvan@cse.psu.edu
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1192
EI 1873-1589
J9 PERVASIVE MOB COMPUT
JI Pervasive Mob. Comput.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 1
BP 114
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.pmcj.2010.07.003
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 883XV
UT WOS:000299669100009
ER
PT J
AU Williams, RT
Grim, JQ
Li, Q
Ucer, KB
Moses, WW
AF Williams, R. T.
Grim, Joel Q.
Li, Qi
Ucer, K. B.
Moses, W. W.
TI Excitation density, diffusion-drift, and proportionality in
scintillators
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE carrier diffusion; CsI; dipole-dipole quenching; excitation density;
mobility; NaI; nonproportionality; scintillator
ID ALKALI-HALIDES; PURE CSI; LUMINESCENCE; PICOSECOND; KINETICS;
NONPROPORTIONALITY; ELECTRON; CSI(TL)
AB Stopping of an energetic electron produces a track of high excitation density, especially near its end, and consequent high radial concentration gradient. The effect of high excitation density in promoting nonlinear quenching is generally understood to be a root cause of nonproportionality in scintillators. However, quantitative data on the kinetic rates of nonlinear quenching processes in scintillators are scarce. We report experimental measurements of second-order dipole dipole rate constants governing the main nonlinear quenching channel in CsI, CaI:Tl, NaI and NaI:Tl. We also show that the second of the extreme conditions in a track, i.e., radial concentration gradient, gives rise to fast (<= picoseconds) diffusion phenomena which act both as a competitor in reducing excitation density during the relevant time of nonlinear quenching, and as a determiner of branching between independent and paired carriers, where the branching ratio changes with dE/dx along the primary electron track. To investigate the interplay of these phenomena in determining nonproportionality of light yield, we use experimentally measured rate constants and mobilities in CsI and NaI to carry out quantitative modeling of diffusion, drift, and nonlinear quenching evaluated spatially and temporally within an electron track which is assumed cylindrical Gaussian in this version of the model. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Williams, R. T.; Grim, Joel Q.; Li, Qi; Ucer, K. B.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Moses, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Williams, RT (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
EM williams@wfu.edu
RI Li, Qi/D-3188-2014
OI Li, Qi/0000-0001-5699-9843
FU National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development of
the U.S. Department of Energy [NA-22, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration,
Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Office of Nonproliferation
Research and Development (NA-22) of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We wish to thank Larisa Trefilova of the
Institute for Single Crystals, Kharkov, for the CsI and CsI:TI samples,
and Vitali Nagirnyi and Andrey Vasil' ev for helpful discussions.
NR 27
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
EI 1521-3951
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 248
IS 2
BP 426
EP 438
DI 10.1002/pssb.201000610
PG 13
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 726JC
UT WOS:000287715600024
ER
PT J
AU Choi, H
Hong, S
Kim, Y
Kim, M
Sung, TH
Shin, H
No, K
AF Choi, Hyunwoo
Hong, Seungbum
Kim, Yunseok
Kim, Myungjun
Sung, Tae-Hyun
Shin, Hyunjung
No, Kwangsoo
TI Observation of mechanical fracture and corresponding domain structure
changes of polycrystalline PbTiO3 nanotubes
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ferroelectrics; nanotubes; domains; fracture; piezoresponse force
microscopy
ID DEPENDENCE; NANOWIRES
AB PbTiO3 (PTO) nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized at various temperatures by gas phase reaction between PbO gas and anatase TiO2 NTs and characterized by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). PTO ferroelectric phase was synthesized at as low as 400 degrees C as evidenced by PFM domain images and piezoresponse hysteresis loop measurement. Furthermore, the PTO NTs fabricated at above 500 degrees C underwent mechanical fracture through development of nanocracks due to grain growth, leading to ferroelectric domains with larger size and lower aspect ratio. (C) 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Choi, Hyunwoo; Hong, Seungbum] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Choi, Hyunwoo; No, Kwangsoo] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Kim, Yunseok] Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany.
[Kim, Myungjun; Shin, Hyunjung] Kookmin Univ, Sch Adv Mat Engn, Seoul 136732, South Korea.
[Sung, Tae-Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
RP Hong, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM hong@anl.gov; ksno@kaist.ac.kr
RI Choi, Hyunwoo/B-8669-2011; Shin, Hyunjung/D-5107-2009; No,
Kwangsoo/C-1983-2011; Hong, Seungbum/B-7708-2009
OI Shin, Hyunjung/0000-0003-1284-9098; Hong, Seungbum/0000-0002-2667-1983
FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [NRF-2008-314-D00172,
2010-0019123, 2010-0015063, R11-2005-048-00000-0, R0A-2007-000-20105-0];
Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program
(NRF-2008-314-D00172), Nano R&D program (2010-0019123), Mid-career
Research Program (2010-0015063), the CMPS (R11-2005-048-00000-0) and the
NRL program (R0A-2007-000-20105-0) through the National Research
Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology. SH acknowledges financial support by Argonne National
Laboratory (Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357).
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1862-6254
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R
JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 59
EP 61
DI 10.1002/pssr.201004495
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 732IN
UT WOS:000288178300005
ER
PT J
AU Kane, C
Moore, J
AF Kane, Charles
Moore, Joel
TI Topological insulators
SO PHYSICS WORLD
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Kane, Charles] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Moore, Joel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Moore, Joel] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Kane, C (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM jemoore@berkeley.edu
RI Kane, Charles/A-1035-2007; Fonseca, James/G-1018-2011; Moore,
Joel/O-4959-2016
OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761
NR 0
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 28
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8585
J9 PHYS WORLD
JI Phys. World
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
BP 32
EP 36
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 724AA
UT WOS:000287547300027
ER
PT J
AU Swarbreck, SM
Lindquist, EA
Ackerly, DD
Andersen, GL
AF Swarbreck, Stephanie M.
Lindquist, Erika A.
Ackerly, David D.
Andersen, Gary L.
TI Analysis of Leaf and Root Transcriptomes of Soil-Grown Avena barbata
Plants
SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Avena barbata; Climate change; ESTs; Root
ID GENE-EXPRESSION; SERIAL ANALYSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PROTEIN; SEQUENCE;
NITROGEN; GENOME; IDENTIFICATION; CALIFORNIA; TOOL
AB Slender wild oat (Avena barbata) is an annual grass dominant in many grassland ecosystems in Mediterranean climate. This species has been the subject of ecological studies aimed at understanding the effect of global climate change on grassland ecosystems and the genetic basis for adaptation under varying environmental conditions. We present the sequencing and analysis of cDNA libraries constructed from leaf and root samples collected from A. barbata grown on natural soil and under varying rainfall patterns. More than 1 million expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated using both GS 454-FLX pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing, and these tags were assembled into consensus sequences. We identified numerous candidate polymorphic markers in the data set, providing possibilities for linking the genomic and the existing genetic information for A. barbata. Using the digital Northern method, we showed that genes involved in photosynthesis were down-regulated under high rainfall while stress-related genes were up-regulated. We also identified a number of genes unique to the root library with unknown function. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR was used to confirm the root specificity of some of these transcripts such as two genes encoding O-methyl transferase. Also we showed differential expression of five root-specific genes under three water levels and two developmental stages. Through a combination of Sanger and 454-based sequencing technologies, we were able to generate a large set of transcribed sequences for A. barbata. This data set provides a platform for further studies of this important wild grass species.
C1 [Swarbreck, Stephanie M.; Ackerly, David D.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Swarbreck, Stephanie M.; Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lindquist, Erika A.] Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
RP Swarbreck, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM stephanie.swarbreck@gmail.com
RI Ackerly, David/A-1247-2009; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015;
OI Ackerly, David/0000-0002-1847-7398; Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827;
Swarbreck, Stephanie M./0000-0001-8355-7354
FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental and Research Program, Climate Change Research Division;
University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental and Research
Program, Climate Change Research Division, and by the University of
California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0781
J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL
JI Plant Cell Physiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 2
SI SI
BP 317
EP 332
DI 10.1093/pcp/pcq188
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
GA 720BA
UT WOS:000287254000013
PM 21310848
ER
PT J
AU Rencoret, J
Gutierrez, A
Nieto, L
Jimenez-Barbero, J
Faulds, CB
Kim, H
Ralph, J
Martinez, AT
del Rio, JC
AF Rencoret, Jorge
Gutierrez, Ana
Nieto, Lidia
Jimenez-Barbero, J.
Faulds, Craig B.
Kim, Hoon
Ralph, John
Martinez, Angel T.
del Rio, Jose C.
TI Lignin Composition and Structure in Young versus Adult Eucalyptus
globulus Plants
SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MILLED WOOD
LIGNIN; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; 2D NMR; INTERNAL STANDARD; TECHNICAL LIGNINS;
TREE VARIATION; CAMALDULENSIS; SPECTROMETRY
AB Lignin changes during plant growth were investigated in a selected Eucalyptus globulus clone. The lignin composition and structure were studied in situ by a new procedure enabling the acquisition of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) spectra on wood gels formed in the NMR tube as well as by analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, milled-wood lignins were isolated and analyzed by 2D-NMR, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and thioacidolysis. The data indicated that p-hydroxyphenyl and guaiacyl units are deposited at the earlier stages, whereas the woods are enriched in syringyl (S) lignin during late lignification. Wood 2D-NMR showed that beta-O-4' and resinol linkages were predominant in the eucalypt lignin, whereas other substructures were present in much lower amounts. Interestingly, open beta-1' structures could be detected in the isolated lignins. Phenylcoumarans and cinnamyl end groups were depleted with age, spirodienone abundance increased, and the main substructures (beta-O-4' and resinols) were scarcely modified. Thioacidolysis revealed a higher predominance of S units in the ether-linked lignin than in the total lignin and, in agreement with NMR, also indicated that resinols are the most important nonether linkages. Dimer analysis showed that most of the resinol-type structures comprised two S units (syringaresinol), the crossed guaiacyl-S resinol appearing as a minor substructure and pinoresinol being totally absent. Changes in hemicelluloses were also shown by the 2D-NMR spectra of the wood gels without polysaccharide isolation. These include decreases of methyl galacturonosyl, arabinosyl, and galactosyl (anomeric) signals, assigned to pectin and related neutral polysaccharides, and increases of xylosyl (which are approximately 50% acetylated) and 4-O-methylglucuronosyl signals.
C1 [Rencoret, Jorge; Gutierrez, Ana; del Rio, Jose C.] CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol Sevilla, E-41080 Seville, Spain.
[Nieto, Lidia; Jimenez-Barbero, J.; Faulds, Craig B.; Martinez, Angel T.] CSIC, Ctr Invest Biol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Rencoret, Jorge; Kim, Hoon; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Rencoret, Jorge; Kim, Hoon; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Rencoret, Jorge; Kim, Hoon; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP del Rio, JC (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol Sevilla, E-41080 Seville, Spain.
EM delrio@irnase.csic.es
RI del Rio, Jose/I-8325-2012; JESUS, JIMENEZ-BARBERO/D-4431-2014; RENCORET,
JORGE/E-1747-2013;
OI del Rio, Jose/0000-0002-3040-6787; JESUS,
JIMENEZ-BARBERO/0000-0001-5421-8513; Martinez, Angel
T/0000-0002-1584-2863; RENCORET, JORGE/0000-0003-2728-7331; Gutierrez,
Ana/0000-0002-8823-9029
FU Spanish project [AGL2005-01748]; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Cientificas [200640I039, 201040E075]; European Union
[NMP2-CT-2006-026456]; WALLESTER [PIEF-GA-2009-235938]; LIGNODECO
[KBBE-244362]; Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research
Center [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Spanish Ministry of Education
FX This study was supported by the Spanish project AGL2005-01748, the
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (project nos. 200640I039
and 201040E075), the European Union projects BIORENEW (grant no.
NMP2-CT-2006-026456), WALLESTER (grant no. PIEF-GA-2009-235938), and
LIGNODECO (grant no. KBBE-244362), the Department of Energy Great Lakes
Bioenergy Research Center (grant no. BER DE-FC02-07ER64494), and the
Spanish Ministry of Education (postdoctoral fellowship to J. Rencoret).
NR 63
TC 94
Z9 94
U1 2
U2 61
PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA
SN 0032-0889
J9 PLANT PHYSIOL
JI Plant Physiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 155
IS 2
BP 667
EP 682
DI 10.1104/pp.110.167254
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 715JN
UT WOS:000286880800005
PM 21098672
ER
PT J
AU Kerfeld, CA
Scott, KM
AF Kerfeld, Cheryl A.
Scott, Kathleen M.
TI Using BLAST to Teach "E-value-tionary" Concepts
SO PLOS BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Scott, Kathleen M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL USA.
RP Kerfeld, CA (reprint author), Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
EM CKerfeld@lbl.gov
NR 4
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1544-9173
J9 PLOS BIOL
JI PLoS. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 2
AR e1001014
DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001014
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics
GA 725OB
UT WOS:000287653800012
PM 21304918
ER
PT J
AU Pearson, JE
Krapivsky, P
Perelson, AS
AF Pearson, John E.
Krapivsky, Paul
Perelson, Alan S.
TI Stochastic Theory of Early Viral Infection: Continuous versus Burst
Production of Virions
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTION; HIV-1 POPULATION-DYNAMICS; IN-VIVO;
ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RHESUS MACAQUES; PLASMA VIRUS; MONTE-CARLO;
COITAL ACT; PROBABILITY; DECAY
AB Viral production from infected cells can occur continuously or in a burst that generally kills the cell. For HIV infection, both modes of production have been suggested. Standard viral dynamic models formulated as sets of ordinary differential equations can not distinguish between these two modes of viral production, as the predicted dynamics is identical as long as infected cells produce the same total number of virions over their lifespan. Here we show that in stochastic models of viral infection the two modes of viral production yield different early term dynamics. Further, we analytically determine the probability that infections initiated with any number of virions and infected cells reach extinction, the state when both the population of virions and infected cells vanish, and show this too has different solutions for continuous and burst production. We also compute the distributions of times to establish infection as well as the distribution of times to extinction starting from both a single virion as well as from a single infected cell for both modes of virion production.
C1 [Pearson, John E.; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krapivsky, Paul] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Pearson, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM asp@lanl.gov
RI Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NIH through the Center
for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology [AI67854]; NSF [CCF-0829541];
[AI28433]; [RR06555]
FX This work was done under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 and supported by NIH through the Center
for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (AI67854), and grants AI28433 and
RR06555 (ASP). We also gratefully acknowledge the support of the U. S.
Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. PK thanks
Theoretical Division and CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, for
hospitality and the NSF grant CCF-0829541 for support. The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 61
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 16
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-734X
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001058
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001058
PG 17
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 726DJ
UT WOS:000287698700001
PM 21304934
ER
PT J
AU Frese, SA
Benson, AK
Tannock, GW
Loach, DM
Kim, J
Zhang, M
Oh, PL
Heng, NCK
Patil, PB
Juge, N
MacKenzie, DA
Pearson, BM
Lapidus, A
Dalin, E
Tice, H
Goltsman, E
Land, M
Hauser, L
Ivanova, N
Kyrpides, NC
Walter, J
AF Frese, Steven A.
Benson, Andrew K.
Tannock, Gerald W.
Loach, Diane M.
Kim, Jaehyoung
Zhang, Min
Oh, Phaik Lyn
Heng, Nicholas C. K.
Patil, Prabhu B.
Juge, Nathalie
MacKenzie, Donald A.
Pearson, Bruce M.
Lapidus, Alla
Dalin, Eileen
Tice, Hope
Goltsman, Eugene
Land, Miriam
Hauser, Loren
Ivanova, Natalia
Kyrpides, Nikos C.
Walter, Jens
TI The Evolution of Host Specialization in the Vertebrate Gut Symbiont
Lactobacillus reuteri
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; MICROBIAL PAN-GENOME;
STREPTOCOCCUS-GORDONII; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS;
GASTRIC EPITHELIUM; HUMAN INTESTINE; GENE; INSIGHTS; MICE
AB Recent research has provided mechanistic insight into the important contributions of the gut microbiota to vertebrate biology, but questions remain about the evolutionary processes that have shaped this symbiosis. In the present study, we showed in experiments with gnotobiotic mice that the evolution of Lactobacillus reuteri with rodents resulted in the emergence of host specialization. To identify genomic events marking adaptations to the murine host, we compared the genome of the rodent isolate L. reuteri 100-23 with that of the human isolate L. reuteri F275, and we identified hundreds of genes that were specific to each strain. In order to differentiate true host-specific genome content from strain-level differences, comparative genome hybridizations were performed to query 57 L. reuteri strains originating from six different vertebrate hosts in combination with genome sequence comparisons of nine strains encompassing five phylogenetic lineages of the species. This approach revealed that rodent strains, although showing a high degree of genomic plasticity, possessed a specific genome inventory that was rare or absent in strains from other vertebrate hosts. The distinct genome content of L. reuteri lineages reflected the niche characteristics in the gastrointestinal tracts of their respective hosts, and inactivation of seven out of eight representative rodent-specific genes in L. reuteri 100-23 resulted in impaired ecological performance in the gut of mice. The comparative genomic analyses suggested fundamentally different trends of genome evolution in rodent and human L. reuteri populations, with the former possessing a large and adaptable pan-genome while the latter being subjected to a process of reductive evolution. In conclusion, this study provided experimental evidence and a molecular basis for the evolution of host specificity in a vertebrate gut symbiont, and it identified genomic events that have shaped this process.
C1 [Frese, Steven A.; Benson, Andrew K.; Kim, Jaehyoung; Zhang, Min; Oh, Phaik Lyn; Patil, Prabhu B.; Walter, Jens] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Tannock, Gerald W.; Loach, Diane M.] Univ Otago, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Heng, Nicholas C. K.] Univ Otago, Sir John Walsh Res Inst, Fac Dent, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Patil, Prabhu B.] IMTECH, Chandigarh, India.
[Juge, Nathalie; MacKenzie, Donald A.; Pearson, Bruce M.] Inst Food Res, Norwich NR4 7UA, Norfolk, England.
[Lapidus, Alla; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Goltsman, Eugene; Ivanova, Natalia; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Frese, SA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM jwalter2@unl.edu
RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides,
Nikos/A-6305-2014; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013
OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462;
Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731
FU University of Nebraska; BioGaia; USDA NIFA Hatch [0212027];
Biotechnology and Biological Research Council UK
FX This study was funded by seed grants from the University of Nebraska,
BioGaia, USDA NIFA Hatch (Acc No 0212027), and the Biotechnology and
Biological Research Council UK. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 84
TC 92
Z9 341
U1 7
U2 58
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001314
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001314
PG 16
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 726CV
UT WOS:000287697300029
PM 21379339
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, T
Li, XY
Sabo, PJ
Thomas, S
Stamatoyannopoulos, JA
Biggin, MD
Eisen, MB
AF Kaplan, Tommy
Li, Xiao-Yong
Sabo, Peter J.
Thomas, Sean
Stamatoyannopoulos, John A.
Biggin, Mark D.
Eisen, Michael B.
TI Quantitative Models of the Mechanisms That Control Genome-Wide Patterns
of Transcription Factor Binding during Early Drosophila Development
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; HOMEOPROTEIN-DNA-BINDING; IN-VIVO;
GENE-EXPRESSION; ORDERED RECRUITMENT; REGULATORY MODULES; CHROMATIN;
SITES; NETWORK; MELANOGASTER
AB Transcription factors that drive complex patterns of gene expression during animal development bind to thousands of genomic regions, with quantitative differences in binding across bound regions mediating their activity. While we now have tools to characterize the DNA affinities of these proteins and to precisely measure their genome-wide distribution in vivo, our understanding of the forces that determine where, when, and to what extent they bind remains primitive. Here we use a thermodynamic model of transcription factor binding to evaluate the contribution of different biophysical forces to the binding of five regulators of early embryonic anterior-posterior patterning in Drosophila melanogaster. Predictions based on DNA sequence and in vitro protein-DNA affinities alone achieve a correlation of similar to 0.4 with experimental measurements of in vivo binding. Incorporating cooperativity and competition among the five factors, and accounting for spatial patterning by modeling binding in every nucleus independently, had little effect on prediction accuracy. A major source of error was the prediction of binding events that do not occur in vivo, which we hypothesized reflected reduced accessibility of chromatin. To test this, we incorporated experimental measurements of genome-wide DNA accessibility into our model, effectively restricting predicted binding to regions of open chromatin. This dramatically improved our predictions to a correlation of 0.6-0.9 for various factors across known target genes. Finally, we used our model to quantify the roles of DNA sequence, accessibility, and binding competition and cooperativity. Our results show that, in regions of open chromatin, binding can be predicted almost exclusively by the sequence specificity of individual factors, with a minimal role for protein interactions. We suggest that a combination of experimentally determined chromatin accessibility data and simple computational models of transcription factor binding may be used to predict the binding landscape of any animal transcription factor with significant precision.
C1 [Kaplan, Tommy; Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Li, Xiao-Yong; Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sabo, Peter J.; Thomas, Sean; Stamatoyannopoulos, John A.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Biggin, Mark D.; Eisen, Michael B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kaplan, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mdbiggin@lbl.gov; mbeisen@berkeley.edu
OI Eisen, Michael/0000-0002-7528-738X
FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; National Institutes of Health (NIH)
[GM704403, HG002779]; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; European
Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
FX Experimental work described here was supported by a Howard Hughes
Medical Institute Investigator award to MBE and by National Institutes
of Health (NIH) grant GM704403 to MBE and MDB. Computational analyses
were supported in by NIH grant HG002779 to MBE. Work at Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory was conducted under Department of Energy
contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. TK was supported by a European Molecular
Biology Organization (EMBO) long-term post-doctoral fellowship. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 107
TC 89
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1553-7404
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001290
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001290
PG 15
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 726CV
UT WOS:000287697300005
PM 21304941
ER
PT J
AU Suen, G
Teiling, C
Li, L
Holt, C
Abouheif, E
Bornberg-Bauer, E
Bouffard, P
Caldera, EJ
Cash, E
Cavanaugh, A
Denas, O
Elhaik, E
Fave, MJ
Gadau, JR
Gibson, JD
Graur, D
Grubbs, KJ
Hagen, DE
Harkins, TT
Helmkampf, M
Hu, H
Johnson, BR
Kim, J
Marsh, SE
Moeller, JA
Munoz-Torres, MC
Murphy, MC
Naughton, MC
Nigam, S
Overson, R
Rajakumar, R
Reese, JT
Scott, JJ
Smith, CR
Tao, S
Tsutsui, ND
Viljakainen, L
Wissler, L
Yandell, MD
Zimmer, F
Taylor, J
Slater, SC
Clifton, SW
Warren, WC
Elsik, CG
Smith, CD
Weinstock, GM
Gerardo, NM
Currie, CR
AF Suen, Garret
Teiling, Clotilde
Li, Lewyn
Holt, Carson
Abouheif, Ehab
Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
Bouffard, Pascal
Caldera, Eric J.
Cash, Elizabeth
Cavanaugh, Amy
Denas, Olgert
Elhaik, Eran
Fave, Marie-Julie
Gadau, Juergen
Gibson, Joshua D.
Graur, Dan
Grubbs, Kirk J.
Hagen, Darren E.
Harkins, Timothy T.
Helmkampf, Martin
Hu, Hao
Johnson, Brian R.
Kim, Jay
Marsh, Sarah E.
Moeller, Joseph A.
Munoz-Torres, Monica C.
Murphy, Marguerite C.
Naughton, Meredith C.
Nigam, Surabhi
Overson, Rick
Rajakumar, Rajendhran
Reese, Justin T.
Scott, Jarrod J.
Smith, Chris R.
Tao, Shu
Tsutsui, Neil D.
Viljakainen, Lumi
Wissler, Lothar
Yandell, Mark D.
Zimmer, Fabian
Taylor, James
Slater, Steven C.
Clifton, Sandra W.
Warren, Wesley C.
Elsik, Christine G.
Smith, Christopher D.
Weinstock, George M.
Gerardo, Nicole M.
Currie, Cameron R.
TI The Genome Sequence of the Leaf-Cutter Ant Atta cephalotes Reveals
Insights into Its Obligate Symbiotic Lifestyle
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNGUS-GROWING ANTS; HONEYBEE APIS-MELLIFERA; DE-NOVO IDENTIFICATION;
INSULIN-LIKE PEPTIDES; DNA METHYLATION; GENE ONTOLOGY; MITOCHONDRIAL
GENOME; TRIPARTITE MUTUALISM; EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; MICROBE SYMBIOSIS
AB Leaf-cutter ants are one of the most important herbivorous insects in the Neotropics, harvesting vast quantities of fresh leaf material. The ants use leaves to cultivate a fungus that serves as the colony's primary food source. This obligate ant-fungus mutualism is one of the few occurrences of farming by non-humans and likely facilitated the formation of their massive colonies. Mature leaf-cutter ant colonies contain millions of workers ranging in size from small garden tenders to large soldiers, resulting in one of the most complex polymorphic caste systems within ants. To begin uncovering the genomic underpinnings of this system, we sequenced the genome of Atta cephalotes using 454 pyrosequencing. One prediction from this ant's lifestyle is that it has undergone genetic modifications that reflect its obligate dependence on the fungus for nutrients. Analysis of this genome sequence is consistent with this hypothesis, as we find evidence for reductions in genes related to nutrient acquisition. These include extensive reductions in serine proteases (which are likely unnecessary because proteolysis is not a primary mechanism used to process nutrients obtained from the fungus), a loss of genes involved in arginine biosynthesis (suggesting that this amino acid is obtained from the fungus), and the absence of a hexamerin (which sequesters amino acids during larval development in other insects). Following recent reports of genome sequences from other insects that engage in symbioses with beneficial microbes, the A. cephalotes genome provides new insights into the symbiotic lifestyle of this ant and advances our understanding of host-microbe symbioses.
C1 [Suen, Garret; Caldera, Eric J.; Cavanaugh, Amy; Grubbs, Kirk J.; Marsh, Sarah E.; Moeller, Joseph A.; Scott, Jarrod J.; Slater, Steven C.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Suen, Garret; Moeller, Joseph A.; Scott, Jarrod J.; Slater, Steven C.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Teiling, Clotilde; Harkins, Timothy T.] Roche Diagnost, Indianapolis, IN USA.
[Li, Lewyn; Bouffard, Pascal] 454 Life Sci, Branford, CT USA.
[Holt, Carson; Hu, Hao; Yandell, Mark D.] Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Abouheif, Ehab; Fave, Marie-Julie; Rajakumar, Rajendhran] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Bornberg-Bauer, Erich; Wissler, Lothar; Zimmer, Fabian] Univ Munster, Inst Evolut & Biodivers, Munster, Germany.
[Caldera, Eric J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Cash, Elizabeth; Gadau, Juergen; Gibson, Joshua D.; Helmkampf, Martin; Overson, Rick] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Cavanaugh, Amy] Univ Wisconsin Rock Cty, Dept Biol, Janesville, WI USA.
[Denas, Olgert; Taylor, James] Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Elhaik, Eran] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Graur, Dan] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX USA.
[Grubbs, Kirk J.] Univ Wisconsin, Cellular & Mol Pathol Grad Program, Madison, WI USA.
[Hagen, Darren E.; Munoz-Torres, Monica C.; Reese, Justin T.; Tao, Shu; Elsik, Christine G.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Johnson, Brian R.; Tsutsui, Neil D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Jay; Smith, Christopher D.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
[Marsh, Sarah E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Murphy, Marguerite C.; Nigam, Surabhi] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
[Naughton, Meredith C.; Smith, Chris R.] Earlham Coll, Dept Biol, Richmond, IN 47374 USA.
[Scott, Jarrod J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Viljakainen, Lumi] Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Taylor, James; Gerardo, Nicole M.] Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Clifton, Sandra W.; Warren, Wesley C.; Weinstock, George M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Ctr, St Louis, MO USA.
RP Suen, G (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM gsuen@wisc.edu; currie@bact.wisc.edu
RI Taylor, James/F-1026-2011; Weinstock, George/C-6314-2013;
Bornberg-Bauer, Erich/A-1563-2013; Hu, Hao/I-4399-2014; Elsik,
Christine/C-4120-2017;
OI Taylor, James/0000-0001-5079-840X; Weinstock,
George/0000-0002-2997-4592; Bornberg-Bauer, Erich/0000-0002-1826-3576;
Elsik, Christine/0000-0002-4248-7713; Suen, Garret/0000-0002-6170-711X
FU Roche Diagnostics; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER
Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Volkswagen Foundation; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [BO2544-4/1]; National Science Foundation;
University of Wisconsin-Madison Colleges; US National Library of
Medicine [LM010009-01]; Smithsonian Institution; National Institutes of
Health [5R01HG004694]; National Institutes of Health NIMH
[5SC2MH086071]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United
States Department of Agriculture [WISO1321]; University of
Wisconsin-Madison CALS; National Science Foundation [DEB-0747002,
MCB-0702025, MCB-0731822]
FX This work was supported by a Roche Diagnostics 10 Gigabase Sequencing
and Transcriptome Analysis Grant awarded to GS, JT, SCS, SWC, GMW, NMG,
and CRC. This work was also funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy
Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494) supporting
GS, CRC, JAM, and SCS; a Volkswagen Foundation grant supporting EB-B and
LW; a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) grant BO2544-4/1 to EB-B; a
National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship supporting EJC;
a University of Wisconsin-Madison Colleges Summer Research Grant
supporting AC; a US National Library of Medicine Grant LM010009-01 to
DG; a Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship supporting JJS; a
National Institutes of Health grant 5R01HG004694 to MDY supporting the
MAKER genome annotation; and a National Institutes of Health NIMH grant
5SC2MH086071 to CDS. This material is also based upon work support by
the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department
of Agriculture, under ID number WISO1321, a University of
Wisconsin-Madison CALS grant, and the National Science Foundation grants
DEB-0747002, MCB-0702025, and MCB-0731822 to CRC. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 96
TC 120
Z9 124
U1 6
U2 89
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1002007
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002007
PG 11
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 726CV
UT WOS:000287697300039
PM 21347285
ER
PT J
AU Ferrari, G
Korber, B
Goonetilleke, N
Liu, MKP
Turnbull, EL
Salazar-Gonzalez, JF
Hawkins, N
Self, S
Watson, S
Betts, MR
Gay, C
McGhee, K
Pellegrino, P
Williams, I
Tomaras, GD
Haynes, BF
Gray, CM
Borrow, P
Roederer, M
McMichael, AJ
Weinhold, KJ
AF Ferrari, Guido
Korber, Bette
Goonetilleke, Nilu
Liu, Michael K. P.
Turnbull, Emma L.
Salazar-Gonzalez, Jesus F.
Hawkins, Natalie
Self, Steve
Watson, Sydeaka
Betts, Michael R.
Gay, Cynthia
McGhee, Kara
Pellegrino, Pierre
Williams, Ian
Tomaras, Georgia D.
Haynes, Barton F.
Gray, Clive M.
Borrow, Persephone
Roederer, Mario
McMichael, Andrew J.
Weinhold, Kent J.
TI Relationship between Functional Profile of HIV-1 Specific CD8 T Cells
and Epitope Variability with the Selection of Escape Mutants in Acute
HIV-1 Infection
SO PLOS PATHOGENS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE; MATHEMATICAL-THEORY;
RHESUS-MONKEYS; AIDS VACCINE; VIREMIA; REPLICATION; GAG; ASSOCIATION;
VARIANTS
AB In the present study, we analyzed the functional profile of CD8(+) T-cell responses directed against autologous transmitted/founder HIV-1 isolates during acute and early infection, and examined whether multifunctionality is required for selection of virus escape mutations. Seven anti-retroviral therapy-naive subjects were studied in detail between 1 and 87 weeks following onset of symptoms of acute HIV-1 infection. Synthetic peptides representing the autologous transmitted/ founder HIV-1 sequences were used in multiparameter flow cytometry assays to determine the functionality of HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T memory cells. In all seven patients, the earliest T cell responses were predominantly oligofunctional, although the relative contribution of multifunctional cell responses increased significantly with time from infection. Interestingly, only the magnitude of the total and not of the poly-functional T-cell responses was significantly associated with the selection of escape mutants. However, the high contribution of MIP-1 beta-producing CD8(+) T-cells to the total response suggests that mechanisms not limited to cytotoxicity could be exerting immune pressure during acute infection. Lastly, we show that epitope entropy, reflecting the capacity of the epitope to tolerate mutational change and defined as the diversity of epitope sequences at the population level, was also correlated with rate of emergence of escape mutants.
C1 [Ferrari, Guido; Tomaras, Georgia D.; Weinhold, Kent J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Korber, Bette; Watson, Sydeaka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Goonetilleke, Nilu; Liu, Michael K. P.; McMichael, Andrew J.] Univ Oxford, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, Oxford, England.
[Turnbull, Emma L.; Borrow, Persephone] Univ Oxford, Jenner Inst, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Newbury, Berks, England.
[Salazar-Gonzalez, Jesus F.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Hawkins, Natalie; Self, Steve] VID Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Watson, Sydeaka] Baylor Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[Betts, Michael R.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Gay, Cynthia] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[McGhee, Kara; Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Pellegrino, Pierre; Williams, Ian] Mortimer Market Ctr, Ctr Sexual Hlth & HIV Res, London, England.
[Tomaras, Georgia D.; Haynes, Barton F.; Weinhold, Kent J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Gray, Clive M.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, AIDS Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Borrow, Persephone; Roederer, Mario] NIH, Vaccine Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Ferrari, G (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM gflmp@duke.edu
RI Ferrari, Guido/A-6088-2015; Tomaras, Georgia/J-5041-2016;
OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757
FU Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology [A1067854-03]; Duke University
Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH [P30 AI 64518]; Bill and Melinda
Gates Foundation [37874]; Senior Jenner Fellowship; UK Medical Research
Council; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical
Research Centre; Bristol Myers Squibb; Gilead Sciences; Abbott; Tibotec
Therapeutics; [5R01AI050483-09]
FX This publication was made possible with the support from the Center for
HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (A1067854-03) and from the Duke University
Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded program (P30 AI 64518).
Additional support came from the Gates Grand Challenges in Global Health
Program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (grant #37874). G.F.
received partial support from 5R01AI050483-09; P.B. received salary
support from a Senior Jenner Fellowship; P.B. and A.J.McM. are Jenner
Institute Investigators. A.J.McM. received partial support from the UK
Medical Research Council and the UK National Institute for Health
Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre Programme. C.G. has received
research support from Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Abbott and
Tibotec Therapeutics. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 57
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 1
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1553-7374
J9 PLOS PATHOG
JI PLoS Pathog.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
AR e1001273
DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001273
PG 14
WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
GA 726DE
UT WOS:000287698200011
PM 21347345
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XL
Ball, E
Granier, C
Kochmanski, L
Howe, SD
AF Zhang, X-L
Ball, E.
Granier, C.
Kochmanski, L.
Howe, S. D.
TI Near-Earth object interception using nuclear thermal rocket propulsion
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE near-Earth object; nuclear thermal rocket; nuclear propulsion; comet
deflection; planetary defense
ID SURFACE
AB Planetary defense has drawn wide study: despite the low probability of a large-scale impact, its consequences would be disastrous. The study presented here evaluates available protection strategies to identify bottlenecks limiting the scale of near-Earth object that could be deflected, using cutting-edge and near-future technologies. It discusses the use of a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) as a propulsion device for delivery of thermonuclear payloads to deflect or destroy a long-period comet on a collision course with Earth. A 'worst plausible scenario' for the available warning time (10 months) and comet approach trajectory are determined, and empirical data are used to make an estimate of the payload necessary to deflect such a comet. Optimizing the tradeoff between early interception and large deflection payload establishes the ideal trajectory for an interception mission to follow. The study also examines the potential for multiple rocket launch dates. Comparison of propulsion technologies for this mission shows that NTR outperforms other options substantially. The discussion concludes with an estimate of the comet size (5 km) that could be deflected using NTR propulsion, given current launch capabilities.
C1 [Zhang, X-L; Ball, E.; Granier, C.; Kochmanski, L.; Howe, S. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Ctr Space Nucl Res, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Zhang, XL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Ctr Space Nucl Res, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM xiaolong.zhang.1@asu.edu
FU Center for Space Nuclear Research (CSNR); Universities Space Research
Association (USRA)
FX The authors would like to thank Dr Craig A. Kluever for informative
conversations on system modelling, and Dr James Greenwood and Dr
Catherine Plesko for launching capacity investigation and suggestions on
the study of coupling efficiency. They would also like to express their
gratitude to the Center for Space Nuclear Research (CSNR) and
Universities Space Research Association (USRA) for supporting this
study.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4100
J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 225
IS G2
SI SI
BP 181
EP 193
DI 10.1243/09544100JAERO753
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 729WZ
UT WOS:000287986200005
ER
PT J
AU Barb, AW
Cort, JR
Seetharaman, J
Lew, S
Lee, HW
Acton, T
Xiao, R
Kennedy, MA
Tong, LA
Montelione, GT
Prestegard, JH
AF Barb, Adam W.
Cort, John R.
Seetharaman, Jayaraman
Lew, Scott
Lee, Hsiau-Wei
Acton, Thomas
Xiao, Rong
Kennedy, Michael A.
Tong, Liang
Montelione, Gaetano T.
Prestegard, James H.
TI Structures of domains I and IV from YbbR are representative of a widely
distributed protein family
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE structural homolog; cis-proline; functional annotation; tandem domain
ID RIBOSOMAL-PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHOSPHOPANTETHEINYL TRANSFERASE;
BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; NMR;
SYSTEM; ALIGNMENT; DATABASE
AB YbbR domains are widespread throughout Eubacteria and are expressed as monomeric units, linked in tandem repeats or cotranslated with other domains. Although the precise role of these domains remains undefined, the location of the multiple YbbR domain-encoding ybbR gene in the Bacillus subtilis glmM operon and its previous identification as a substrate for a surfactin-type phosphopantetheinyl transferase suggests a role in cell growth, division, and virulence. To further characterize the YbbR domains, structures of two of the four domains (I and IV) from the YbbR-like protein of Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 were solved by solution nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray crystallography. The structures show the domains to have nearly identical topologies despite a low amino acid identity (23%). The topology is dominated by beta-strands, roughly following a "figure 8" pattern with some strands coiling around the domain perimeter and others crossing the center. A similar topology is found in the C-terminal domain of two stress-responsive bacterial ribosomal proteins, TL5 and L25. Based on these models, a structurally guided amino acid alignment identifies features of the YbbR domains that are not evident from naive amino acid sequence alignments. A structurally conserved cis-proline (cis-Pro) residue was identified in both domains, though the local structure in the immediate vicinities surrounding this residue differed between the two models. The conservation and location of this cis-Pro, plus anchoring Val residues, suggest this motif may be significant to protein function.
C1 [Barb, Adam W.; Lee, Hsiau-Wei; Prestegard, James H.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Barb, Adam W.; Cort, John R.; Seetharaman, Jayaraman; Lew, Scott; Lee, Hsiau-Wei; Acton, Thomas; Xiao, Rong; Kennedy, Michael A.; Tong, Liang; Montelione, Gaetano T.; Prestegard, James H.] Rutgers State Univ, NE Struct Genom Consortium, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Cort, John R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Seetharaman, Jayaraman; Lew, Scott; Tong, Liang] Columbia Univ, Dept Biol Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Acton, Thomas; Xiao, Rong; Montelione, Gaetano T.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Acton, Thomas; Xiao, Rong; Montelione, Gaetano T.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kennedy, Michael A.] Miami Univ, Dept Biochem, Miami, OH USA.
RP Prestegard, JH (reprint author), 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jpresteg@ccrc.uga.edu
RI LEE, HSIAU-WEI/A-1415-2012;
OI Tong, Liang/0000-0002-0563-6468
FU National Institutes of Health Protein Structure Initiative
[U54-GM074958]; National Institutes of Health [F32AR058084]; U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
FX Grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health Protein Structure
Initiative; Grant number: U54-GM074958; Grant sponsor: A.W.B was
supported by a National Institutes of Health Ruth L. Kirschtein NRSA
fellowship; Grant number: F32AR058084.; The authors thank Yizhou Liu for
assistance with the J-modulated RDC experiments and R. Belote, C.
Ciccosanti, and K. Hamilton, for assistance in cloning and purifying the
proteins. NMR data for Domain I were Collected at the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility
sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory.
NR 54
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0961-8368
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
BP 396
EP 405
DI 10.1002/pro.571
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 716IW
UT WOS:000286963300016
PM 21154411
ER
PT J
AU Gao, TJ
Blanchette, CD
He, W
Bourguet, F
Ly, S
Katzen, F
Kudlicki, WA
Henderson, PT
Laurence, TA
Huser, T
Coleman, MA
AF Gao, Tingjuan
Blanchette, Craig D.
He, Wei
Bourguet, Feliza
Ly, Sonny
Katzen, Federico
Kudlicki, Wieslaw A.
Henderson, Paul T.
Laurence, Ted A.
Huser, Thomas
Coleman, Matthew A.
TI Characterizing diffusion dynamics of a membrane protein associated with
nanolipoproteins using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE apolipoprotein; nanolipoprotein particles; nanodiscs; fluorescence
correlation spectroscopy; dynamic light scattering; cell-free
expression; co-expression
ID NANOSCALE LIPID-BILAYERS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS;
FUNCTIONAL RECONSTITUTION; SCAFFOLD PROTEINS; RECEPTORS; SOLUBILIZATION;
NANODISCS; LIPOSOMES; BACTERIORHODOPSIN
AB Nano lipoprotein particles (NLPs) represent a unique nanometer-sized scaffold for supporting membrane proteins (MP). Characterization of their dynamic shape and association with MP in solution remains a challenge. Here, we present a rapid method of analysis by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to characterize bacteriorhodopsin (bR), a membrane protein capable of forming a NLP complex. By selectively labeling individual components of NLPs during cell-free synthesis, FCS enabled us to measure specific NLP diffusion times and infer size information for different NLP species. The resulting bR-loaded NLPs were shown to be dynamically discoidal in solution with a mean diameter of 7.8 nm. The insertion rate of bR in the complex was similar to 55% based on a fit model incorporating two separate diffusion properties to best approximate the FCS data. More importantly, based on these data, we infer that membrane protein associated NLPs are thermodynamically constrained as discs in solution, while empty NLPs appear to be less constrained and dynamically spherical.
C1 [Gao, Tingjuan; He, Wei; Ly, Sonny; Henderson, Paul T.; Huser, Thomas; Coleman, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, NSF Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
[Blanchette, Craig D.; Bourguet, Feliza; Laurence, Ted A.; Coleman, Matthew A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Katzen, Federico; Kudlicki, Wieslaw A.] Life Technol Corp, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
RP Huser, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, NSF Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
EM trhuser@ucdavis.edu; mcoleman@ucdavis.edu
RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012;
OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416;
Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018
FU University of California; Life Technologies Corporation; National
Science Foundation, The Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology;
University of California, Davis [PHY 0120999]; U.S. Department of Energy
and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344,
DE-AC52-07NA27244]; DOE
FX Grant sponsors: The University of California Discovery Grant Program;
The University of California and Life Technologies Corporation; Grant
sponsor: The National Science Foundation, The Center for Biophotonics
Science and Technology, The University of California, Davis; Grant
number: PHY 0120999; Grant sponsor: The U.S. Department of Energy and
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract number
DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC52-07NA27244, with support from the DOE low dose
biology program.
NR 54
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0961-8368
EI 1469-896X
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
BP 437
EP 447
DI 10.1002/pro.577
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 716IW
UT WOS:000286963300020
PM 21280134
ER
PT J
AU Sippel, KH
Venkatakrishnan, B
Boehlein, SK
Sankaran, B
Quirit, JG
Govindasamy, L
Agbandje-McKenna, M
Goodison, S
Rosser, CJ
McKenna, R
AF Sippel, Katherine H.
Venkatakrishnan, Balasubramanian
Boehlein, Susan K.
Sankaran, Banumathi
Quirit, Jeanne G.
Govindasamy, Lakshamanan
Agbandje-McKenna, Mavis
Goodison, Steve
Rosser, Charles J.
McKenna, Robert
TI Insights into Mycoplasma genitalium metabolism revealed by the structure
of MG289, an extracytoplasmic thiamine binding lipoprotein
SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE p37; Cypl; substrate binding protein; extracytoplasmic lipoprotein;
sexually transmitted infection; X-ray crystallography; small angle X-ray
scattering
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTION; HUMAN UROGENITAL TRACT; ASSOCIATIVE
PROPERTIES; GENE SET; PROTEIN; TRANSPORT; SYSTEM; HYORHINIS; CORE; MAPS
AB Mycoplasma genitalium is one of the smallest organisms capable of self-replication and its sequence is considered a starting point for understanding the minimal genome required for life. MG289, a putative phosphonate substrate binding protein, is considered to be one of these essential genes. The crystal structure of MG289 has been solved at 1.95 angstrom resolution. The structurally identified thiamine binding region reveals possible mechanisms for ligand promiscuity. MG289 was determined to be an extracytoplasmic thiamine binding lipoprotein. Computational analysis, size exclusion chromatography, and small angle X-ray scattering indicates that MG289 homodimerizes in a concentration-dependant manner. Comparisons to the thiamine pyrophosphate binding homolog Cypl reveal insights into the metabolic differences between mycoplasmal species including identifying possible kinases for cofactor phosphorylation and describing the mechanism of thiamine transport into the cell. These results provide a baseline to build our understanding of the minimal metabolic requirements of a living organism. Proteins 2011; 79:528-536. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Sippel, Katherine H.; Venkatakrishnan, Balasubramanian; Quirit, Jeanne G.; Govindasamy, Lakshamanan; Agbandje-McKenna, Mavis; McKenna, Robert] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Boehlein, Susan K.] Univ Florida, Program Plant Mol & Cellular Biol & Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Sankaran, Banumathi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley Ctr Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Goodison, Steve] Shands Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32209 USA.
[Rosser, Charles J.] Univ Florida, Dept Urol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP McKenna, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM rmckenna@ufl.edu
FU American Cancer Society [58229]; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; MacCHESS (US NIH)
[RR001646]; US DOE [DE-FG02-97ER62443]; US NSF [DMR-0225180]; National
Cancer Institute [Y1-CO-1020]; National Institute of General Medical
Science [Y1-GM-1104]; STFC (UK); NIH; NIGMS; Howard Hughes Medical
Institute
FX Grant sponsor: American Cancer Society; Grant number: 58229; Grant
sponsor: Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of
the U.S. DOE; Grant number: DE-AC02-05CH11231; Grant sponsor: MacCHESS
(US NIH); Grant number: RR001646; Grant sponsor: US DOE; Grant number:
DE-FG02-97ER62443; Grant sponsor: US NSF; Grant number: DMR-0225180;
Grant sponsor: National Cancer Institute; Grant number: Y1-CO-1020;
Grant sponsor: National Institute of General Medical Science; Grant
number: Y1-GM-1104; Grant sponsors: STFC (UK); NIH; NIGMS; Howard Hughes
Medical Institute.
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0887-3585
J9 PROTEINS
JI Proteins
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 79
IS 2
BP 528
EP 536
DI 10.1002/prot.22900
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 715SE
UT WOS:000286905600015
PM 21117240
ER
PT J
AU Kim, AG
AF Kim, A. G.
TI Type Ia Supernova Intrinsic Magnitude Dispersion and the Fitting of
Cosmological Parameters
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LIGHT CURVES; IMPROVED DISTANCES; HOST GALAXIES;
LUMINOSITIES; CONSTANT
AB I present an analysis for fitting cosmological parameters from a Hubble diagram of a standard candle with unknown intrinsic magnitude dispersion. The dispersion is determined from the data, simultaneously with the cosmological parameters. This contrasts with the strategies used to date. The advantages of the presented analysis are that it is done in a single fit (it is not iterative), it provides a statistically founded and unbiased estimate of the intrinsic dispersion, and its cosmological-parameter uncertainties account for the intrinsic-dispersion uncertainty. Applied to Type la supernovae, my strategy provides a statistical measure to test for subtypes and assess the significance of any magnitude corrections applied to the calibrated candle. Parameter bias and differences between likelihood distributions produced by the presented and currently used fitters are negligibly small for existing and projected supernova data sets.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM agkim@lbl.gov
FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX I acknowledge fruitful discussions with Eric Linder, David Rubin, and
Ramon Miguel. This work was supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department of Energy
under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 123
IS 900
BP 230
EP 236
DI 10.1086/658498
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 728WI
UT WOS:000287904800011
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, RC
Nugent, PE
Meza, JC
AF Thomas, R. C.
Nugent, P. E.
Meza, J. C.
TI SYNAPPS: Data-Driven Analysis for Supernova Spectroscopy
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID IA SUPERNOVAE; NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION; LIGHT CURVES; SPECTRA; SEARCH
AB We introduce a new computer program, SYNAPPS, for forward-modeling of supernova (SN) spectroscopy data sets. SYNAPPS is a spectrum fitter embedding a highly parameterized synthetic SN spectrum calculation within a parallel asynchronous optimizer. This open-source code is primarily aimed at the problem of systematically interpreting large sets of SN spectroscopy data. While SYNAPPS should be useful to current SN spectroscopy efforts like the Nearby Supernova Factory, Lick Observatory Supernova Search, Palomar Transient Factory, Harvard Center for Astrophysics SN program, and so on, it could also benefit future similar efforts connected to the Dark Energy Survey, Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, or the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. Smaller programs are also potential users. SYNAPPS illustrates the potential for data-driven discovery enabled by high-performance computing, where complex physical systems are directly constrained by large information-rich sets of scientific observations. Here, we discuss the motivation of our approach, outline the structure of the code, present some example calculations, and describe a few enhancements in terms of physics modeling, optimization, and computing that we will be pursuing for the future.
C1 [Thomas, R. C.; Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Thomas, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Computat Res Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50B4206, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Meza, Juan/B-5601-2012;
OI Meza, Juan/0000-0003-4543-0349
FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation; US
Department of Energy Scientific Discovery [DE-FG02-06ER06-04]
FX The authors thank Tamara Kolda and Todd Plantenga of Sandia National
Laboratories for assistance with APPSPACK and HOPSPACK, Ted Kisner at
the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for GNU build tools support
and graphics processor unit experiments, the Nearby Supernova Factory
for permission to include plots incorporating some of their data prior
to publication, and the anonymous referee whose comments greatly
improved the paper. R. C. T. thanks fellow participants of the Aspen
Center for Physics Summer 2010 workshop, "Taking Supernova Cosmology
into the Next Decade," for their input. This work was supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US
Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by a grant
from the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation. This research used resources
of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research, of the US Department of Energy under
contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research was also supported by the
US Department of Energy Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
program under contract no. DE-FG02-06ER06-04.
NR 28
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
EI 1538-3873
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 123
IS 900
BP 237
EP 248
DI 10.1086/658673
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 728WI
UT WOS:000287904800012
ER
PT J
AU Ao, T
Dolan, DH
AF Ao, T.
Dolan, D. H.
TI Effect of window reflections on photonic Doppler velocimetry
measurements
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFEROMETER; COMPRESSION; SURFACE
AB Photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) has rapidly become a standard diagnostic for measuring velocities in dynamic compression research. While free surface velocity measurements are fairly straightforward, complications occur when PDV is used to measure a dynamically loaded sample through a window. Fresnel reflections can severely affect the velocity and time resolution of PDV measurements, especially for low-velocity transients. Shock experiments of quartz compressed between two sapphire plates demonstrate how optical window reflections cause ringing in the extracted PDV velocity profile. Velocity ringing is significantly reduced by using either a wedge window or an antireflective coating. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3551954]
C1 [Ao, T.; Dolan, D. H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Ao, T (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM tao@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy's (DOE) National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank the following people: Aaron Bowers and
Andy Shay for building the targets, Randy Hickman and Jesse Lynch for
operating the gas gun, and Sheri Payne for fielding the PDV diagnostic.
Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's (DOE) National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 023907
DI 10.1063/1.3551954
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400045
PM 21361611
ER
PT J
AU Rawn, CJ
Leeman, JR
Ulrich, SM
Alford, JE
Phelps, TJ
Madden, ME
AF Rawn, C. J.
Leeman, J. R.
Ulrich, S. M.
Alford, J. E.
Phelps, T. J.
Madden, M. E.
TI Fiber optic sensing technology for detecting gas hydrate formation and
decomposition
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEDIMENTS; SEA; ACCUMULATION; SUBSURFACE; OCEAN
AB A fiber optic-based distributed sensing system (DSS) has been integrated with a large volume (72 l) pressure vessel providing high spatial resolution, time-resolved, 3D measurement of hybrid temperature-strain (TS) values within experimental sediment-gas hydrate systems. Areas of gas hydrate formation (exothermic) and decomposition (endothermic) can be characterized through this proxy by time series analysis of discrete data points collected along the length of optical fibers placed within a sediment system. Data are visualized as an animation of TS values along the length of each fiber over time. Experiments conducted in the Seafloor Process Simulator at Oak Ridge National Laboratory clearly indicate hydrate formation and dissociation events at expected pressure-temperature conditions given the thermodynamics of the CH4-H2O system. The high spatial resolution achieved with fiber optic technology makes the DSS a useful tool for visualizing time-resolved formation and dissociation of gas hydrates in large-scale sediment experiments. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3514983]
C1 [Rawn, C. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Rawn, C. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Leeman, J. R.; Madden, M. E.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ulrich, S. M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Environm Sci & Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Alford, J. E.; Phelps, T. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Rawn, CJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Ulrich, Shannon/J-9492-2012; Elwood Madden, Megan/C-3381-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy [FEAB111]; U.S.
Department of Energy
FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Fossil Energy under Field Work Proposal FEAB111. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC, for the U.S. Department of
Energy.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 2
AR 024501
DI 10.1063/1.3514983
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 727PM
UT WOS:000287813400053
PM 21361619
ER
PT J
AU Jimenez-Mier, J
Herrera-Perez, G
Olalde-Velasco, P
Carabali, G
Chavira, E
de la Mora, P
Yang, WL
Denlinger, J
Moewes, A
Wilks, R
AF Jimenez-Mier, J.
Herrera-Perez, G.
Olalde-Velasco, P.
Carabali, G.
Chavira, E.
de la Mora, P.
Yang, W. L.
Denlinger, J.
Moewes, A.
Wilks, R.
TI Electron dynamics of transition metal compounds studied with resonant
soft x-ray scattering
SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Radiation Physics
CY MAR 07-10, 2010
CL Univ Autonoma Zacatecas, Zacatecas, MEXICO
HO Univ Autonoma Zacatecas
DE Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering; transition metal oxides and
fluorides; electronic structure; Coster-Kronig decay
ID SPIN-STATE TRANSITION; SPECTRA; LACOO3; EMISSION
AB High resolution experimental data for resonant soft x-ray scattering of transition metal compounds are shown. The compounds studied are the ionic transition metal di-fluorides, ionic and covalent orthovanadates and members of the La1-xSrxCoO3 perovskite family. In all compounds we studied the transition metal L-2,L-3 edge and also the ligand (oxygen or fluorine) K edge. For the ionic compounds the transition metal data are in good agreement with atomic multiplet ligand field calculations that include charge transfer effects. Density functional calculations give very useful information to interpret the ligand x-ray emission data. The experimental metal L-alpha emission data show that the region between valence and conduction bands in the di-fluorides has several d-excited states. At the L-2 edge of the ionic orthovanadates we found the signature of a fast Coster-Kronig decay process that results in a very localized emission peak. Changes in the oxidation sate in the La1-xSrxCoO3 compounds are observed at both the metal L-2,L-3 edge and the oxygen K edge absorption spectra.
C1 [Jimenez-Mier, J.; Herrera-Perez, G.; Olalde-Velasco, P.; Carabali, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Olalde-Velasco, P.; Yang, W. L.; Denlinger, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chavira, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[de la Mora, P.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Moewes, A.; Wilks, R.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada.
RP Jimenez-Mier, J (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
RI Jimenez-Mier, Jose/A-5081-2009; Yang, Wanli/D-7183-2011
OI Jimenez-Mier, Jose/0000-0002-5939-9568; Yang, Wanli/0000-0003-0666-8063
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA
PI COYOACAN
PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO
SN 0035-001X
J9 REV MEX FIS
JI Rev. Mex. Fis.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 57
IS 1
SU S
BP 6
EP 13
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 732LG
UT WOS:000288185900003
ER
PT J
AU Ye, J
Mishra, RK
Sachdev, AK
Minor, AM
AF Ye, Jia
Mishra, Raja K.
Sachdev, Anil K.
Minor, Andrew M.
TI In situ TEM compression testing of Mg and Mg-0.2 wt.% Ce single crystals
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnesium; Magnesium alloys; TEM; Compression test; Twinning
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; DEFORMATION; PLASTICITY;
STRENGTH; TEXTURE; GOLD; MICROCOMPRESSION; ANISOTROPY; NANOWIRES
AB We present results from in situ transmission electron microscopy uniaxial nanocompression experiments of Mg and Mg-0.2 wt.% Ce pillars. We show examples of two common deformation mechanisms, basal plane sliding and extension twinning, for each sample. By directly measuring the critical stress for nucleation of either basal sliding or extension twinning we have established that there is a clear size effect for both deformation mechanisms, and that by alloying with Ce the critical stress for twinning was dramatically reduced. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Ye, Jia; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ye, Jia; Minor, Andrew M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Mishra, Raja K.; Sachdev, Anil K.] Gen Motors Res & Dev Ctr, Warren, MI USA.
RP Minor, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aminor@berkeley.edu
FU General Motors Research and Development Center; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This research was supported by the General Motors Research and
Development Center and performed at the National Center for Electron
Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by
the US Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 31
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 3
U2 76
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 64
IS 3
BP 292
EP 295
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.09.047
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 694UA
UT WOS:000285323300021
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Y
Liu, CT
Heatherly, L
George, EP
AF Liu, Y.
Liu, C. T.
Heatherly, L.
George, E. P.
TI Effect of boron on the fracture behavior and grain boundary chemistry of
Ni3Fe
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Segregation; Ni3Fe; Hydrogen embrittlement; Auger electron spectroscopy
ID H-2-INDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; ROOM-TEMPERATURE DUCTILITY;
HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT; NI3AL; INTERMETALLICS; ALLOYS; ORDER
AB The effect of B on the fracture behavior of Ni3Fe alloys (24 and 26 at.% Fe) was studied after cathodic charging with hydrogen. In contrast to its disordered state, ordered Ni3Fe underwent brittle intergranular fracture at room temperature. Boron addition changed its fracture mode to predominantly ductile transgranular. The grain boundary chemistry of ordered Ni3Fe was analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy. Boron was found to segregate to the grain boundaries of both Ni-24Fe and Ni-26Fe and reduce the hydrogen-induced embrittlement of these alloys in the ordered state. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Y.] Cent S Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Liu, C. T.] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Heatherly, L.; George, E. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Cent S Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM yonliu11@yahoo.com.cn
RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014
FU Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, US Department of Energy;
Natural Science Foundation of China [50721003, 50634060]
FX This research was sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, US Department of Energy. Y.L. also thanks Dr. B. Liu for
revision of the manuscript and the financial support of the Natural
Science Foundation of China under Contracts 50721003 and 50634060.
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 64
IS 3
BP 303
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.08.027
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 694UA
UT WOS:000285323300024
ER
PT J
AU Ni, S
Wang, YB
Liao, XZ
Alhajeri, SN
Li, HQ
Zhao, YH
Lavernia, EJ
Ringer, SP
Langdon, TG
Zhu, YT
AF Ni, S.
Wang, Y. B.
Liao, X. Z.
Alhajeri, S. N.
Li, H. Q.
Zhao, Y. H.
Lavernia, E. J.
Ringer, S. P.
Langdon, T. G.
Zhu, Y. T.
TI Grain growth and dislocation density evolution in a nanocrystalline
Ni-Fe alloy induced by high-pressure torsion
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Severe plastic deformation; Nanocrystalline materials; Dislocation
density; High-pressure torsion
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; METALS; DEFORMATION; DUCTILITY; STRENGTH;
COPPER; NICKEL
AB The structural evolution of a nanocrystalline Ni-Fe alloy induced by high-pressure torsion (H PT) was investigated. HPT-induced grain growth occurred via grain rotation and coalescence, forming three-dimensional small-angle sub-grain boundaries. Further deformation eliminates the sub-grain boundaries from which dislocations glide away on different {1 1 1} planes. A significant number of these dislocations corm together to form Lomer-Cottrell locks that effectively increase the dislocation storage capacity of the nanocrystalline material. These observations may help with developing strong and ductile nanocrystalline materials. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ni, S.; Wang, Y. B.; Liao, X. Z.] Univ Sydney, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mechatron Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Alhajeri, S. N.] PAAET, Coll Technol Studies, Dept Mfg Engn, Shuwaikh 70654, Kuwait.
[Li, H. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zhao, Y. H.; Lavernia, E. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ringer, S. P.] Univ Sydney, Australian Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ Southampton, Mat Res Grp, Sch Engn Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Zhu, Y. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA.
RP Liao, XZ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mechatron Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM xiaozhou.liao@sydney.edu.au
RI Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Li,
Hongqi/B-6993-2008; Wang, Yanbo/B-3175-2009; Langdon,
Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhao, Yonghao/A-8521-2009; Ringer,
Simon/E-3487-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Ni, Song/E-9484-2011;
Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013
OI Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422;
Ringer, Simon/0000-0002-1559-330X; Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964
FU Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility node at the
University of Sydney; Australian Research Council [DP0772880]; Los
Alamos National Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0370,
N00014-08-1-0405]; National Science Foundation of the United States
[DMR-0855009]; US Army Research Office and Army Research Laboratory;
China Scholarship Council
FX The authors are grateful for scientific and technical input and support
from the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility node at
the University of Sydney. This project is supported by the Australian
Research Council (Grant No. DP0772880, to S.N., Y.B.W. and X.Z.L.), the
LDRD program of Los Alamos National Laboratory (to H.Q.L.), the Office
of Naval Research (Grant Nos. N00014-04-1-0370 and N00014-08-1-0405, to
Y.H.Z. and E.J.L.), the National Science Foundation of the United States
(Grant No. DMR-0855009, to T.G.L.) and the US Army Research Office and
Army Research Laboratory (to Y.T.Z.). S.N. also appreciates support from
the China Scholarship Council.
NR 28
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 40
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 64
IS 4
BP 327
EP 330
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.10.027
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 703CL
UT WOS:000285951600006
ER
PT J
AU Torkamani, S
Butcher, EA
Todd, MD
Park, G
AF Torkamani, S.
Butcher, E. A.
Todd, M. D.
Park, G.
TI Detection of system changes due to damage using a tuned hyperchaotic
probe
SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-SERIES; CHAOTIC INTERROGATION; LYAPUNOV SPECTRUM; PREDICTION ERROR;
PRELOAD LOSS; DIMENSION; EXCITATIONS; ALGORITHMS; FRAME
AB This study explores the use of a hyperchaotic signal as an excitation to probe a system for dynamic changes induced by damage events. In chaotic interrogation a deterministic chaotic input (rather than the more commonly employed stochastic white noise input) is applied to the structure and the dynamic response is mined for features derived from its state space reconstruction. The steady-state chaotic excitation is tuned to excite the structure in a way that optimal sensitivity to dimensionality changes in the response may be observed, resulting in damage-sensitive features extracted from the resulting attractors. The enhanced technique proposed in this paper explores a hyperchaotic excitation, which is fundamentally new in its use as an excitation. Hyperchaotic oscillators have at least two Lyapunov exponents, in contrast to simple chaotic oscillators. By using the Kaplan-Yorke conjecture and performing a parametric investigation, the steady-state hyperchaotic excitation is tuned to excite the structure in such a way that the optimal (as will be defined) dimensionality of the steady-state response is achieved. A feature called the 'average local attractor variance ratio' (ALAVR), which is based on attractor geometry, is used to compare the geometry of a baseline attractor to a test attractor. The enhanced technique is applied to analytically and experimentally analyze the response of an eight-degree-of-freedom system to the hyperchaotic excitation for the purpose of damage assessment. A comparison between the results obtained from current hyperchaotic excitation versus a chaotic excitation highlights the higher damage sensitivity in the system response to the hyperchaotic excitation.
C1 [Torkamani, S.; Butcher, E. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Todd, M. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Park, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Torkamani, S (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM shahab@nmsu.edu; eab@nmsu.edu; mdtodd@mail.ucsd.edu; gpark@lanl.gov
RI Torkamani, shahab/F-5714-2012
FU UCSD/Los Alamos Engineering Institute; Los Alamos National Laboratories,
through the LANL-NMSU MOU [GR0002842]
FX Financial support from the UCSD/Los Alamos Engineering Institute, the
Los Alamos National Laboratories, through the LANL-NMSU MOU No.
GR0002842 is gratefully appreciated.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0964-1726
J9 SMART MATER STRUCT
JI Smart Mater. Struct.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
AR 025006
DI 10.1088/0964-1726/20/2/025006
PG 16
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA 713HQ
UT WOS:000286727300007
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, VL
Fansler, SJ
Smith, JL
Bolton, H
AF Bailey, Vanessa L.
Fansler, Sarah J.
Smith, Jeffrey L.
Bolton, Harvey, Jr.
TI Reconciling apparent variability in effects of biochar amendment on soil
enzyme activities by assay optimization
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Enzyme; Biochar; beta-glucosidase; beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase; Lipase;
Aminopeptidase; Black carbon
ID BLACK CARBON; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; PYROLYSIS; CHARCOAL
AB We studied the effects of a biochar made from fast pyrolysis of switchgrass on four soil enzymes (beta-glucosidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, lipase, and leucine aminopeptidase) to determine if biochar would consistently modify soil biological activities. Thus, we conducted a series of enzyme assays on biochar-amended soils. Inconsistent results from enzyme assays of char-amended soils suggested that biochar had variable effects on soil enzyme activities, thus we conducted a second experiment to determine if biochar reacts predictably with either enzyme or substrate in in vitro reactions. Both colorimetric and fluorescent assays were used for beta-glucosidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Seven days after biochar was added to microcosms of 3 different soils, fluorescence-based assays revealed some increased enzyme activities (up to 7-fold for one measure of beta-glucosidase in a shrub-steppe soil) and some decreased activities (one-fifth of the unamended control for lipase measured in the same shrub-steppe soil), compared to non-amended soil. In an effort understand the varied effects, purified enzymes or substrates were briefly exposed to biochar and then assayed. In contrast to the soil assays, except for beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, the exposure of substrate to biochar reduced the apparent activity of the enzymes, suggesting that sorption reactions between substrate and biochar impeded enzyme function. Our findings indicate that fluorometric assays are more robust to, or account for, this sorption better than the colorimetric assays used herein. The activity of purified beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase increased 50-75% following biochar exposure, suggesting a chemical enhancement of enzyme function. In some cases, biochar stimulates soil enzyme activities, to a much greater degree than soil assays would indicate, given that substrate reactivity can be impeded by biochar exposure. We conclude that the effects of biochar on enzyme activities in soils are highly variable; these effects are likely associated with reactions between biochar and the target substrate. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bailey, Vanessa L.; Fansler, Sarah J.; Bolton, Harvey, Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Smith, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Bailey, VL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MSIN J4-18, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov
RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011;
OI Bailey, Vanessa/0000-0002-2248-8890
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge valuable comments from Drs. J.E.
Amonette and T.C. Squier, and two anonymous reviewers. This manuscript
was prepared as part of the Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial
Ecosystems research program, supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy's Office of Science, and has been authored by Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 23
TC 74
Z9 85
U1 5
U2 88
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 2
BP 296
EP 301
DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.10.014
PG 6
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 716KP
UT WOS:000286967800009
ER
PT J
AU Cruz-Campa, JL
Okandan, M
Resnick, PJ
Clews, P
Pluym, T
Grubbs, RK
Gupta, VP
Zubia, D
Nielson, GN
AF Cruz-Campa, Jose L.
Okandan, Murat
Resnick, Paul J.
Clews, Peggy
Pluym, Tammy
Grubbs, Robert K.
Gupta, Vipin P.
Zubia, David
Nielson, Gregory N.
TI Microsystems enabled photovoltaics: 14.9% efficient 14 mu m thick
crystalline silicon solar cell
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Miniature solar cells; Microsystems enabled photovoltaics; Back
contacted solar cells; Ultrathin solar cells; Silicon nitride
optimization
ID SURFACE PASSIVATION; LOW-COST; NITRIDE; PECVD; BULK
AB Crystalline silicon solar cells 10-15 times thinner than traditional commercial c-Si cells with 14.9% efficiency are presented with modeling, fabrication, and testing details. These cells are 14 mu m thick, 250 mu m wide, and have achieved 14.9% solar conversion efficiency under AM 1.5 spectrum. First, modeling results illustrate the importance of high-quality passivation to achieve high efficiency in thin silicon, back contacted solar cells. Then, the methodology used to fabricate these ultra thin devices by means of established microsystems processing technologies is presented. Finally, the optimization procedure to achieve high efficiency as well as the results of the experiments carried out with alumina and nitride layers as passivation coatings are discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cruz-Campa, Jose L.; Okandan, Murat; Resnick, Paul J.; Clews, Peggy; Pluym, Tammy; Grubbs, Robert K.; Gupta, Vipin P.; Nielson, Gregory N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Cruz-Campa, Jose L.; Zubia, David] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Cruz-Campa, JL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1080,1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM joecampa@yahoo.com; mokanda@sandia.gov; resnicpj@sandia.gov;
pjclews@sandia.gov; tpluym@sandia.gov; rkgrubb@sandia.gov;
vpgupta@sandia.gov; dzubia@utep.edu; gnniels@sandia.gov
FU NNSA [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; DOE
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
NNSA under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was sponsored by the
DOE Solar Energy Technology Program Seed Fund.
NR 25
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 2
BP 551
EP 558
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.09.015
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 716XN
UT WOS:000287006900021
ER
PT J
AU Russo, RE
Bol'shakov, AA
Mao, XL
McKay, CP
Perry, DL
Sorkhabi, O
AF Russo, Richard E.
Bol'shakov, Alexander A.
Mao, Xianglei
McKay, Christopher P.
Perry, Dale L.
Sorkhabi, Osman
TI Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry
SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Optical isotopic measurements; Laser ablation plasma; Molecular emission
spectra; Real-time chemical analysis; Chemical analysis; LAMIS
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID SAMPLES;
EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; ICP-MS; PLASMA; URANIUM; RATIO; FEMTOSECOND;
NANOSECOND
AB A new method of performing optical isotopic analysis of condensed samples in ambient air and at ambient pressure has been developed: Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry (LAMIS). The technique uses radiative transitions from molecular species either directly vaporized from a sample or formed by associative mechanisms of atoms or ions in a laser ablation plume. This method is an advanced modification of a known atomic emission technique called laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The new method - LAMIS - can determine not only chemical composition but also isotopic ratios of elements in the sample. Isotopic measurements are enabled by significantly larger isotopic shifts found in molecular spectra relative to atomic spectra. Analysis can be performed from a distance and in real time. No sample preparation or pre-treatment is required. Detection of the isotopes of hydrogen, boron, carbon, and oxygen are discussed to illustrate the technique. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Russo, Richard E.; Mao, Xianglei; Perry, Dale L.; Sorkhabi, Osman] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Russo, Richard E.; Bol'shakov, Alexander A.] Appl Spectra Inc, Fremont, CA 94538 USA.
[McKay, Christopher P.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Russo, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rerusso@lbl.gov
RI Bol'shakov, Alexander/A-9258-2015
OI Bol'shakov, Alexander/0000-0002-6034-7079
FU Defense Threat Reduction Administration (DTRA) of the U. S. Department
of Defense [LB09005541, LB09005541A]; U.S. Department of Energy through
the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
NASA [NNX10CA07C]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Administration
(DTRA) of the U. S. Department of Defense under federal award nos.
LB09005541 and LB09005541A; and contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 awarded
by the U.S. Department of Energy through the National Nuclear Security
Administration (NNSA); and NASA contract no. NNX10CA07C awarded to
Applied Spectra Inc.
NR 43
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 2
U2 56
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0584-8547
J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B
JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 66
IS 2
BP 99
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.sab.2011.01.007
PG 6
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 747OI
UT WOS:000289328900001
ER
PT J
AU Cooley, L
Moshchlakov, V
Li, QA
AF Cooley, Lance
Moshchlakov, Victor
Li, Qiang
TI Focus on hybrid magnetic/superconducting systems PREFACE
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Cooley, Lance] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Moshchlakov, Victor] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
[Li, Qiang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Cooley, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015
OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 2
AR 020301
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/24/2/020301
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 708QR
UT WOS:000286379900001
ER
PT J
AU Warren, JM
Norby, RJ
Wullschleger, SD
AF Warren, Jeffrey M.
Norby, Richard J.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
TI Elevated CO2 enhances leaf senescence during extreme drought in a
temperate forest
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE canopy conductance; FACE; leaf litter; root mortality; sap flow;
sweetgum
ID FREE-AIR ENRICHMENT; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DECIDUOUS
FOREST; CANOPY CONDUCTANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SAP FLUX; THERMAL
DISSIPATION; SWEETGUM STAND; WATER-BALANCE
AB In 2007, an extreme drought and acute heat wave impacted ecosystems across the southeastern USA, including a 19-year-old Liquidambar styraciflua L. (sweetgum) tree plantation exposed to long-term elevated (E-CO2) or ambient (A(CO2)) CO2 treatments. Stem sap velocities were analyzed to assess plant response to potential interactions between CO2 and these weather extremes. Canopy conductance and net carbon assimilation (A(net)) were modeled based on patterns of sap velocity to estimate indirect impacts of observed reductions in transpiration under E-CO2 on premature leaf senescence. Elevated CO2 reduced sap flow by 28% during early summer, and by up to 45% late in the drought during record-setting temperatures. Modeled canopy conductance declined more rapidly in E-CO2 plots during this period, thereby directly reducing carbon gain at a greater rate than in A(CO2) plots. Indeed, pre-drought canopy A(net) was similar across treatment plots, but declined to similar to 40% less than A(net) in A(CO2) as the drought progressed, likely leading to negative net carbon balance. Consequently, premature leaf senescence and abscission increased rapidly during this period, and was 30% greater for E-CO2. While E-CO2 can reduce leaf-level water use under droughty conditions, acute drought may induce excessive stomatal closure that could offset benefits of E-CO2 to temperate forest species during extreme weather events.
C1 [Warren, Jeffrey M.; Norby, Richard J.; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Warren, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM warrenjm@ornl.gov
RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Norby,
Richard/C-1773-2012
OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Warren,
Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental
Research Program; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725]
FX Research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. Oak Ridge
National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-000R22725.
NR 65
TC 67
Z9 69
U1 9
U2 70
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0829-318X
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 2
BP 117
EP 130
DI 10.1093/treephys/tpr002
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 745KP
UT WOS:000289164600002
PM 21427157
ER
PT J
AU Kim, S
Park, MJ
Balsara, NP
Liu, G
Minor, AM
AF Kim, Suhan
Park, Moon Jeong
Balsara, Nitash P.
Liu, Gao
Minor, Andrew M.
TI Minimization of focused ion beam damage in nanostructured polymer thin
films
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE FIB; Polymers; Beam damage; Focused ion beam; Nanostructured materials
ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER; SOLAR-CELLS; MICROSCOPY
AB Focused ion beam (FIB) instruments have proven to be an invaluable tool for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) sample preparation. FIBs enable relatively easy and site-specific cross-sectioning of different classes of materials. However, damage mechanisms due to ion bombardment and possible beam heating effects in materials limit the usefulness of FIBs. Materials with adequate heat conductivity do not suffer from beam heating during FIB preparation, and artifacts in materials such as metals and ceramics are primarily limited to defect generation and Ga implantation. However, in materials such as polymers or biological structures, where heat conductivity is low, beam heating can also be a problem. In order to examine FIB damage in polymers we have undertaken a systematic study by exposing sections of a PS-b-PMMA block copolymer to the ion beam at varying beam currents and sample temperatures. The sections were then examined by TEM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Our empirical results show beam heating in polymers due to FIB preparation can be limited by maintaining a low beam current (<= 100 pA) during milling. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kim, Suhan; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Suhan; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Park, Moon Jeong] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Dept Chem, Div Adv Mat Sci WCU, Pohang, South Korea.
[Balsara, Nitash P.; Liu, Gao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm & Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Minor, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aminor@berkeley.edu
RI Park, Moon Jeong/F-5752-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy's
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering and the Scientific User Facilities Division
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
# DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors acknowledge The Department of Energy's
support through the Building Technologies Program and the National
Energy Technology Laboratory through its competitive research and
development program. Additionally, this research was also supported by
the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering and the Scientific User Facilities
Division.
NR 19
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 5
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 3
BP 191
EP 199
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.11.027
PG 9
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 738KH
UT WOS:000288638200003
PM 21333856
ER
PT J
AU Bradford, SA
Torkzaban, S
Wiegmann, A
AF Bradford, Scott A.
Torkzaban, Saeed
Wiegmann, Andreas
TI Pore-Scale Simulations to Determine the Applied Hydrodynamic Torque and
Colloid Immobilization
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; TO-GRAIN CONTACTS; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; ENERGY
BARRIER; SHEAR-FLOW; PLANE WALL; TRANSPORT; DEPOSITION; MECHANISMS;
DETACHMENT
AB Values of the applied hydrodynamic torque (T-applied) and the resisting adhesive torque (T-adhesion) will determine whether a colloid will be immobilized (T-applied <= T-adhesion) or roll (T-applied > T-adhesion) on a solid water interface. Previous literature has demonstrated in 1-2 collector (grain) systems that the influence of T-applied on colloid retention can be significant under unfavorable attachment conditions and that only a fraction of the solid surface may contribute to retention. However, many questions remain on how to obtain, analyze, and upscale information on the forces and torques that act on colloids near solid surfaces in porous media. To address some of these gaps in knowledge, high resolution pore-scale water flow simulations were conducted for sphere packs (25 spheres) over a range of Darcy velocities, grain sizes and distributions, and porosities. The spatial variability of T-applied was calculated from this information, and successfully described using a lognormal cumulative density function (CDF). Linear interpolation and scaling techniques were subsequently used to predict the lognormal CDF of T-applied for various colloid sizes, grain sizes and distributions, and water velocities. The lognormal CDF of T-applied was then evaluated at select values of T-adhesion (i.e, interaction energy) to quantify the fraction and locations on the solid surface that contributes to colloid retention (S-f), and the theoretical maximum solid phase concentration of retained colloids (S-max).
C1 [Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Torkzaban, Saeed] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wiegmann, Andreas] Fraunhofer ITWM, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
RP Bradford, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM Scott.Bradford@ars.usda.gov
RI Torkzaban, Saeed/G-7377-2013
OI Torkzaban, Saeed/0000-0002-5146-9461
FU USDA (ARS) [NP 206]; USDA (CS-REES, NRI) [2006-02541]
FX This research was supported by the USDA (ARS, NP 206 and a grant from
CS-REES, NRI, 2006-02541).
NR 45
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Z9 37
U1 2
U2 26
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 1
BP 252
EP 261
DI 10.2136/vzj2010.0064
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 724JZ
UT WOS:000287573300021
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, ZF
Ward, AL
Keller, JM
AF Zhang, Z. Fred
Ward, Andy L.
Keller, Jason M.
TI Determining the Porosity and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Binary
Mixtures
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPILLARY BARRIERS; SEDIMENT MIXTURES; PARTICLE MIXTURES; PACKING MODEL;
PERMEABILITY; RATIO
AB Gravel and coarse sand make up significant portions of some environmentally important sediments, but the hydraulic properties of the sediments are typically obtained in the laboratory using only the fine fraction (e.g., <2 mm or 4.75 mm). Researchers have found that the gravel content has a significant impact on the hydraulic properties of bulk soils. Therefore, laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the porosity and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of binary mixtures with different fractions of coarse and fine components. We proposed a mixing-coefficient model to estimate the porosity and a power-averaging method to determine the effective grain diameter of sediments. These were used to predict the saturated hydraulic conductivity of binary mixtures. The proposed methods could describe the porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity of the binary mixtures for a range of gravel contents, and they were successfully applied to two data sets in the literature.
C1 [Zhang, Z. Fred; Ward, Andy L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Keller, Jason M.] GeoSyst Anal Inc, Hood River, OR 97031 USA.
RP Zhang, ZF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM fred.zhang@pnl.gov
OI Zhang, Fred/0000-0001-8676-6426
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; CH2M HILL Plateau
Remediation Company
FX The laboratory experiments and preliminary data analyses were carried
out at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and part of this report
was drafted in FY2005 and FY2006 with funding provided by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Remediation and Closure Science Project managed
by Mark D. Freshley. Additional funding was provided by the CH2M HILL
Plateau Remediation Company's Remediation Decision Support project
managed by George V. Last for further data analysis and completion of
this paper. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the
U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 17
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 1
BP 313
EP 321
DI 10.2136/vzj2009.0138
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 724JZ
UT WOS:000287573300026
ER
PT J
AU De Gusseme, B
Hennebel, T
Christiaens, E
Saveyn, H
Verbeken, K
Fitts, JP
Boon, N
Verstraete, W
AF De Gusseme, Bart
Hennebel, Tom
Christiaens, Eline
Saveyn, Hans
Verbeken, Kim
Fitts, Jeffrey P.
Boon, Nico
Verstraete, Willy
TI Virus disinfection in water by biogenic silver immobilized in
polyvinylidene fluoride membranes
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Antimicrobial; Ionic silver; Metallic silver; X-ray absorption
spectroscopy (XAS)
ID PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; REMOVAL; NITRATE; SURFACE; IONS; BACTERIOPHAGE;
INHIBITION; BIOREACTOR; STABILITY; POLYMER
AB The development of innovative water disinfection strategies is of utmost importance to prevent outbreaks of waterborne diseases related to poor treatment of (drinking) water. Recently, the association of silver nanoparticles with the bacterial cell surface of Lactobacillus fermentum (referred to as biogenic silver or bio-Ag(0)) has been reported to exhibit antiviral properties. The microscale bacterial carrier matrix serves as a scaffold for Ag(0) particles, preventing aggregation during encapsulation. In this study, bio-Ag(0) was immobilized in different microporous PVDF membranes using two different pre-treatments of bio-Ag(0) and the immersion-precipitation method. Inactivation of UZ1 bacteriophages using these membranes was successfully demonstrated and was most probably related to the slow release of Ag(+) from the membranes. At least a 3.4 log decrease of viruses was achieved by application of a membrane containing 2500 mg bio-Ag(powder)(0) m(-2) in a submerged plate membrane reactor operated at a flux of 3.1 L m(-2) h(-1). Upon startup, the silver concentration in the effluent initially increased to 271 mu g L(-1) but after filtration of 31 L m(-2), the concentration approached the drinking water limit (= 100 mu g L(-1)). A virus decline of more than 3 log was achieved at a membrane flux of 75 L m(-2) h(-1), showing the potential of this membrane technology for water disinfection on small scale. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [De Gusseme, Bart; Hennebel, Tom; Christiaens, Eline; Boon, Nico; Verstraete, Willy] Univ Ghent, Dept Biochem & Microbiol Technol, Lab Microbial Ecol & Technol LabMET, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Saveyn, Hans] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Analyt & Phys Chem, Particle & Interfacial Technol Grp Paint, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Verbeken, Kim] Univ Ghent, Dept Met & Mat Sci, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
[Fitts, Jeffrey P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Verstraete, W (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Biochem & Microbiol Technol, Lab Microbial Ecol & Technol LabMET, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM Willy.Verstraete@UGent.be
RI Hennebel, Tom/C-2176-2009; De Gusseme, Bart/C-6854-2008; Boon,
Nico/B-4083-2011; Fitts, Jeffrey/J-3633-2012
OI Hennebel, Tom/0000-0002-8346-5983; Boon, Nico/0000-0002-7734-3103;
FU Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [7741-02]; FWO. K. Verbeken
[G.0808.10N]
FX This work was supported by a PhD grant (B. De Gusseme) and project grant
no. 7741-02 (T. Hennebel) of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). It
was part of project no. G.0808.10N (2010-2013), funded by the FWO. K.
Verbeken is a postdoctoral fellow with the FWO. We gratefully thank
Griet Vermeulen, Jan Dick, Pieter Spanoghe and Peter Mast for their
technical assistance and Elke De Clerck (Janssen Pharmaceutica NV,
Beerse, Belgium) for kindly providing the spray-dried biogenic silver.
We acknowledge Anthony Hay, Simon De Corte, Liesje Sintubin and Willem
De Muynck for critically reviewing this manuscript and the many helpful
suggestions.
NR 36
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD FEB
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 1856
EP 1864
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.11.046
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 716SY
UT WOS:000286995000035
PM 21183198
ER
PT J
AU Raman, RN
Negres, RA
Demos, SG
AF Raman, Rajesh N.
Negres, Raluca A.
Demos, Stavros G.
TI Kinetics of ejected particles during breakdown in fused silica by
nanosecond laser pulses
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; ABLATION; DEPOSITION; METALS
AB The temporal evolution and kinetic properties of material particles ejected from the surface of fused silica under nanosecond laser irradiation are investigated using a time-resolved microscope system. The experiments provide information on the particle size, shape, and speed as a function of delay time, as well as on the duration of the material ejection process. The results suggest that the processes involved are much more complex than those predicted by current models. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3549193]
C1 [Raman, Rajesh N.; Negres, Raluca A.; Demos, Stavros G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Raman, RN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM raman4@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We thank Dr. Danny Perez for stimulating discussions. This work was
performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 5
AR 051901
DI 10.1063/1.3549193
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 716QK
UT WOS:000286988400014
ER
PT J
AU Hofstetter, M
Schultze, M
Fiess, M
Dennhardt, B
Guggenmos, A
Gagnon, J
Yakovlev, VS
Goulielmakis, E
Kienberger, R
Gullikson, EM
Krausz, F
Kleineberg, U
AF Hofstetter, Michael
Schultze, Martin
Fiess, Markus
Dennhardt, Benjamin
Guggenmos, Alexander
Gagnon, Justin
Yakovlev, Vladislav S.
Goulielmakis, Eleftherios
Kienberger, Reinhard
Gullikson, Eric M.
Krausz, Ferenc
Kleineberg, Ulf
TI Attosecond dispersion control by extreme ultraviolet multilayer mirrors
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID REAL-TIME OBSERVATION; STREAKING MEASUREMENTS; PULSES; SPECTROSCOPY;
COMPRESSION; REFLECTION; DESIGN; OPTICS; LIGHT; LASER
AB We report the first experimental demonstration of a-periodic multilayer mirrors controlling the frequency sweep (chirp) of isolated attosecond XUV pulses. The concept was proven with about 200-attosecond pulses in the photon energy range of 100-130 eV measured via photoelectron streaking in neon. The demonstrated attosecond dispersion control is engineerable in a wide range of XUV photon energies and bandwidths. The resultant tailor-made attosecond pulses with highly enhanced photon flux are expected to significantly advance attosecond metrology and spectroscopy and broaden their range of applications. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Hofstetter, Michael; Schultze, Martin; Guggenmos, Alexander; Gagnon, Justin; Yakovlev, Vladislav S.; Krausz, Ferenc; Kleineberg, Ulf] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Hofstetter, Michael; Schultze, Martin; Fiess, Markus; Dennhardt, Benjamin; Guggenmos, Alexander; Gagnon, Justin; Yakovlev, Vladislav S.; Goulielmakis, Eleftherios; Kienberger, Reinhard; Krausz, Ferenc; Kleineberg, Ulf] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Dennhardt, Benjamin; Kienberger, Reinhard] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys E11, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Gullikson, Eric M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Hofstetter, M (reprint author), Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM michael.hofstetter@mpq.mpg.de
RI Goulielmakis, Eleftherios/F-1693-2011; Yakovlev, Vladislav/C-4091-2015
OI Goulielmakis, Eleftherios/0000-0003-3386-0245; Yakovlev,
Vladislav/0000-0002-0648-9375
FU DFG Excellence Cluster "Munich Centre for Advanced Photonics" (MAP);
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; ERC
FX This work was supported by the DFG Excellence Cluster "Munich Centre for
Advanced Photonics" (MAP). R. K. acknowledges funding from the Sofja
Kovalevskaja Award of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and an ERC
Starting Grant.
NR 36
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 18
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 3
BP 1767
EP 1776
DI 10.1364/OE.19.001767
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 714JY
UT WOS:000286807100011
PM 21368991
ER
PT J
AU Endrizzi, M
Gureyev, TE
Delogu, P
Oliva, P
Golosio, B
Carpinelli, M
Pogorelsky, I
Yakimenko, V
Bottigli, U
AF Endrizzi, M.
Gureyev, T. E.
Delogu, P.
Oliva, P.
Golosio, B.
Carpinelli, M.
Pogorelsky, I.
Yakimenko, V.
Bottigli, U.
TI Quantitative phase retrieval with picosecond X-ray pulses from the ATF
Inverse Compton Scattering source
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; IMAGE; BEAMS
AB Quantitative phase retrieval is experimentally demonstrated using the Inverse Compton Scattering X-ray source available at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) in the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Phase-contrast images are collected using in-line geometry, with a single X-ray pulse of approximate duration of one picosecond. The projected thickness of homogeneous samples of various polymers is recovered quantitatively from the time-averaged intensity of transmitted X-rays. The data are in good agreement with the expectations showing that ATF Inverse Compton Scattering source is suitable for performing phase-sensitive quantitative X-ray imaging on the picosecond scale. The method shows promise for quantitative imaging of fast dynamic phenomena. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Endrizzi, M.; Bottigli, U.] Univ Siena, Dipartimento Fis, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
[Endrizzi, M.; Delogu, P.; Bottigli, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Endrizzi, M.; Gureyev, T. E.] CSIRO Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia.
[Delogu, P.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Oliva, P.; Golosio, B.; Carpinelli, M.] Univ Sassari, Struttura Dipartimentale Matemat & Fis, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
[Oliva, P.; Golosio, B.; Carpinelli, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Cagliari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
[Pogorelsky, I.; Yakimenko, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Endrizzi, M (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dipartimento Fis, Via Roma 56, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
EM marco.endrizzi@pi.infn.it
RI Gureyev, Timur/A-9209-2011; Oliva, Piernicola/E-5839-2012; Delogu,
Pasquale/J-3141-2012; Endrizzi, Marco/O-7463-2015;
OI Gureyev, Timur/0000-0002-1103-0649; Endrizzi, Marco/0000-0002-7810-2301;
Golosio, Bruno/0000-0001-5144-6932; Oliva,
Piernicola/0000-0002-9446-3967; Bottigli, Ubaldo/0000-0002-0666-3433
FU CSIRO
FX ME and TEG acknowledge the support from CSIRO Computational and
Simulation Sciences Transformational Capability Platform.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 3
BP 2748
EP 2753
DI 10.1364/OE.19.002748
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 714JY
UT WOS:000286807100116
PM 21369096
ER
PT J
AU Gericke, MT
Alarcon, R
Balascuta, S
Barron-Palos, L
Blessinger, C
Bowman, JD
Carlini, RD
Chen, W
Chupp, TE
Crawford, C
Covrig, S
Dabaghyan, M
Fomin, N
Freedman, SJ
Gentile, TR
Gillis, RC
Greene, GL
Hersman, FW
Ino, T
Jones, GL
Lauss, B
Leuschner, M
Lozowski, WR
Mahurin, R
Masuda, Y
Mei, J
Mitchell, GS
Muto, S
Nann, H
Page, SA
Penttila, SI
Ramsay, WD
Salas-Bacci, A
Santra, S
Sharma, M
Seo, PN
Sharapov, EI
Smith, TB
Snow, WM
Wilburn, WS
Yuan, V
AF Gericke, M. T.
Alarcon, R.
Balascuta, S.
Barron-Palos, L.
Blessinger, C.
Bowman, J. D.
Carlini, R. D.
Chen, W.
Chupp, T. E.
Crawford, C.
Covrig, S.
Dabaghyan, M.
Fomin, N.
Freedman, S. J.
Gentile, T. R.
Gillis, R. C.
Greene, G. L.
Hersman, F. W.
Ino, T.
Jones, G. L.
Lauss, B.
Leuschner, M.
Lozowski, W. R.
Mahurin, R.
Masuda, Y.
Mei, J.
Mitchell, G. S.
Muto, S.
Nann, H.
Page, S. A.
Penttilae, S. I.
Ramsay, W. D.
Salas-Bacci, A.
Santra, S.
Sharma, M.
Seo, P. -N.
Sharapov, E. I.
Smith, T. B.
Snow, W. M.
Wilburn, W. S.
Yuan, V.
CA NPDGamma Collaboration
TI Measurement of parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetry in the capture of
polarized cold neutrons on protons
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEON-NUCLEON INTERACTION; EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY;
CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; ELECTRON-SCATTERING;
DISPERSION APPROACH; RADIATIVE-CAPTURE; NON-CONSERVATION; ANAPOLE
MOMENT; DETECTOR ARRAY
AB The NPDGamma collaboration reports results from the first phase of a measurement of the parity violating up-down asymmetry A(gamma) with respect to the neutron spin direction of gamma rays emitted in the reaction (n) over right arrow + p -> d + gamma using the capture of polarized cold neutrons on the protons in a liquid parahydrogen target. One expects parity-odd effects in the hadronic weak interaction between nucleons to be induced by the weak interaction between quarks. A(gamma) in (n) over right arrow + p -> d + gamma is dominated by a Delta I = 1, S-3(1)-P-3(1) parity-odd transition amplitude in the n-p system. The first phase of the measurement was completed at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center spallation source (LANSCE), with the result A(gamma) = [-1.2 +/- 2.1 (stat.) +/- 0.2 (sys.)] x 10(-7). We also report the first measurement of an upper limit for the parity-allowed left-right asymmetry in this reaction, with the result A(gamma,LR) = [-1.8 +/- 1.9 (stat.) +/- 0.2 (sys.)] x 10(-7). In this paper we give a detailed report on the theoretical background, experimental setup, measurements, extraction of parity-odd and parity-allowed asymmetries, analysis of potential systematic effects, and LANSCE results. The asymmetry has an estimated size of 5 x 10(-8) and the aim of the NPDGamma collaboration is to measure it to 1 x 10(-8). The second phase of the measurement will be performed at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
C1 [Gillis, R. C.; Lozowski, W. R.; Nann, H.; Snow, W. M.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Gillis, R. C.; Lozowski, W. R.; Nann, H.; Snow, W. M.] Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Gericke, M. T.; Mahurin, R.; Page, S. A.; Ramsay, W. D.] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Alarcon, R.; Balascuta, S.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Barron-Palos, L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Blessinger, C.; Bowman, J. D.; Greene, G. L.; Penttilae, S. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Carlini, R. D.; Covrig, S.; Mahurin, R.; Mei, J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Chen, W.; Gentile, T. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chupp, T. E.; Sharma, M.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
[Crawford, C.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Dabaghyan, M.; Hersman, F. W.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Fomin, N.; Greene, G. L.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Freedman, S. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ino, T.; Masuda, Y.; Muto, S.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Jones, G. L.] Hamilton Coll, Clinton, NY 13323 USA.
[Lauss, B.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Leuschner, M.] Procure Treatment Ctr, Bloomington, IN 47404 USA.
[Mitchell, G. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ramsay, W. D.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Salas-Bacci, A.; Wilburn, W. S.; Yuan, V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Santra, S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Seo, P. -N.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Sharapov, E. I.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia.
[Smith, T. B.] Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Snow, WM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM wsnow@indiana.edu
RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011; Balascuta, Septimiu/J-7679-2015
OI Balascuta, Septimiu/0000-0003-2331-294X
FU US Department of Energy (Office of Energy Research) [W-7405-ENG-36];
National Science Foundation [PHY-0457219, PHY-0758018, PHY-0100348,
NSF-0116146]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (NSERC); Indiana University Center for Spacetime Symmetries; US
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-03ER46093]; [A12304014]
FX The authors are deeply grateful to Mr. G. Peralta (LANL) for his
dedication during the beam-line and experiment construction phases and
for his extensive technical support during the experiment. The authors
would like also to thank Mr. B. Teasdale (LANL) for his excellent design
work in the experiment and for novel technical ideas, Mr. B. Etuk for
his professional engineering support during the different phases of the
beam-line and experiment constructions, Mr. W. Fox (CEEM) and Mr. T.
Ries (TRIUMF) for the mechanical design of the detector array and the
construction of the stand, and Mr. M. Kusner of Saint-Gobain in Newbury,
Ohio, for interactions during the manufacture and characterization of
the CsI(Tl) crystals. We would also like to thank TRIUMF for providing
the personnel and infrastructure for the stand construction and the
construction of the electronic gain modules. We thank Kevin Komicarsik,
John Vanderwerp, and Jim Graham at CEEM and Jim Knudson at LANL for help
with the liquid hydrogen target, various hydrogen target experts at
national laboratories who participated in the hydrogen safety reviews,
and the staff of the LANSCE facility for support during the construction
and operation of the experiment. This work was supported in part by the
US Department of Energy (Office of Energy Research, under Contract No.
W-7405-ENG-36), the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. PHY-0457219,
PHY-0758018, and PHY-0100348), the NSF Major Research Instrumentation
program (Grant No. NSF-0116146), for the procurement of the CsI crystals
and neutron shielding, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (NSERC), and Japanese Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research A12304014. The work of W. M. S. was supported in part by the
Indiana University Center for Spacetime Symmetries. The development and
application of 3He spin filters used in this work were
supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Grant
No. DE-FG02-03ER46093. The contributions from NIST were also supported
through an Interagency Agreement with the US Department of Energy,
Office of Nuclear Physics.
NR 81
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PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9985
EI 2469-9993
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 015505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.015505
PG 18
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RX
UT WOS:000286756200016
ER
PT J
AU Ilyushkin, SV
Winger, JA
Rykaczewski, KP
Gross, CJ
Batchelder, JC
Cartegni, L
Darby, IG
Grzywacz, R
Hamilton, JH
Korgul, A
Krolas, W
Liddick, SN
Mazzocchi, C
Mendez, T
Padgett, S
Rajabali, MM
Shapira, D
Stracener, DW
Zganjar, EF
AF Ilyushkin, S. V.
Winger, J. A.
Rykaczewski, K. P.
Gross, C. J.
Batchelder, J. C.
Cartegni, L.
Darby, I. G.
Grzywacz, R.
Hamilton, J. H.
Korgul, A.
Krolas, W.
Liddick, S. N.
Mazzocchi, C.
Mendez, T.
Padgett, S.
Rajabali, M. M.
Shapira, D.
Stracener, D. W.
Zganjar, E. F.
TI beta-decay studies of the transitional nucleus Cu-75 and the structure
of Zn-75
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; ZINC
AB The beta decay of Cu-75 [t(1/2) = 1.222(8) s] to levels in Zn-75 was studied at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The gamma gamma and beta gamma data were collected at the Low-energy Radioactive Ion Beam Spectroscopy Station using the high-resolution isobar separator to obtain a purified Cu-75 beam with a rate of over 2000 ions per second. The excited states in Zn-75 have been identified for the first time. A total of 120 gamma-ray transitions were placed in a level scheme containing 59 levels including two states above the neutron separation energy and a previously unknown 1/2(-) isomeric state at 127 keV. Spins and parities of several states were deduced and interpreted based on the observed beta feeding and gamma-decay pattern.
C1 [Ilyushkin, S. V.; Winger, J. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Rykaczewski, K. P.; Gross, C. J.; Grzywacz, R.; Mendez, T.; Shapira, D.; Stracener, D. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Batchelder, J. C.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Cartegni, L.; Darby, I. G.; Grzywacz, R.; Korgul, A.; Liddick, S. N.; Mazzocchi, C.; Padgett, S.; Rajabali, M. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Darby, I. G.; Rajabali, M. M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern Stralingsfys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
[Hamilton, J. H.; Korgul, A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Korgul, A.; Mazzocchi, C.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Korgul, A.; Krolas, W.] Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Krolas, W.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
[Liddick, S. N.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Mazzocchi, C.] Univ Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Mazzocchi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Zganjar, E. F.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Ilyushkin, SV (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM svi1@msstate.edu
RI Krolas, Wojciech/N-9391-2013
FU Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER41006,
DE-FG02-96ER40983, DE-AC05-06OR23100, DE-FG02-96ER40978,
DE-FG05-88ER40407]; National Nuclear Security Administration through DOE
Cooperative Agreement [DE-FG52-08NA28552]; Polish Ministry of Science
and Higher Education [N N202 1033 33]; Foundation for Polish Science
FX We acknowledge the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) and
staff for their help and the excellent quality of the neutron-rich
beams. In addition, the engineering staff at the HRIBF, specifically Jim
Johnson and Charles Reed, deserves our thanks for its help in
constructing the Low-energy Radioactive Ion Beam Spectroscopy Station
beam line. This research is sponsored by the Office of Science, US
Department of Energy under contract Grant Nos. DE-FG02-96ER41006,
DE-FG02-96ER40983, DE-AC05-06OR23100, DE-FG02-96ER40978, and
DE-FG05-88ER40407; National Nuclear Security Administration under the
Stewardship Science Academic Alliances program through DOE Cooperative
Agreement No. DE-FG52-08NA28552; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education Grant No. N N202 1033 33; and the Foundation for Polish
Science.
NR 28
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PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 014322
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014322
PG 13
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RX
UT WOS:000286756200008
ER
PT J
AU Venkat, S
Arrington, J
Miller, GA
Zhan, XH
AF Venkat, Siddharth
Arrington, John
Miller, Gerald A.
Zhan, Xiaohui
TI Realistic transverse images of the proton charge and magnetization
densities
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; NUCLEON; SCATTERING
AB We develop a technique, denoted as the finite radius approximation (FRA), that uses a two-dimensional version of the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem to determine transverse densities and their uncertainties from experimental quantities. Uncertainties arising from experimental uncertainties on the form factors and lack of measured data at high Q(2) are treated. A key feature of the FRA is that a form factor measured at a given value of Q(2) is related to a definite region in coordinate space. An exact relation between the FRA and the use of a Bessel series is derived. The proton Dirac form factor is sufficiently well known such that the transverse charge density is very accurately known except for transverse separations b less than about 0.1 fm. The Pauli form factor is well known to Q(2) of about 10 GeV(2), and this allows a reasonable, but improvable, determination of the anomalous magnetic moment density.
C1 [Venkat, Siddharth] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Venkat, Siddharth; Miller, Gerald A.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Arrington, John; Zhan, Xiaohui] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Venkat, S (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM miller@phys.washington.edu
RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012
OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328
FU NSF REU program [PHY-0754333]; USDOE [FG02-97ER41014, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This research was supported by the NSF REU program, Grant No.
PHY-0754333, and the USDOE Grants No. FG02-97ER41014 and No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. G.A.M. thanks Jefferson Laboratory for its
hospitality during a visit while this work was being completed. We thank
A. Puckett and M. Diehl for useful comments on the manuscript.
NR 24
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PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 015203
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.015203
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RX
UT WOS:000286756200014
ER
PT J
AU Watanabe, H
Sumikama, T
Nishimura, S
Yoshinaga, K
Li, Z
Miyashita, Y
Yamaguchi, K
Baba, H
Berryman, JS
Blasi, N
Bracco, A
Camera, F
Chiba, J
Doornenbal, P
Go, S
Hashimoto, T
Hayakawa, S
Hinke, C
Ideguchi, E
Isobe, T
Ito, Y
Jenkins, DG
Kawada, Y
Kobayashi, N
Kondo, Y
Krucken, R
Kubono, S
Lorusso, G
Nakano, T
Kurata-Nishimura, M
Odahara, A
Ong, HJ
Ota, S
Podolyak, Z
Sakurai, H
Scheit, H
Shi, Y
Steiger, K
Steppenbeck, D
Sugimoto, K
Tajiri, K
Takano, S
Takashima, A
Teranishi, T
Wakabayashi, Y
Walker, PM
Wieland, O
Xu, FR
Yamaguchi, H
AF Watanabe, H.
Sumikama, T.
Nishimura, S.
Yoshinaga, K.
Li, Z.
Miyashita, Y.
Yamaguchi, K.
Baba, H.
Berryman, J. S.
Blasi, N.
Bracco, A.
Camera, F.
Chiba, J.
Doornenbal, P.
Go, S.
Hashimoto, T.
Hayakawa, S.
Hinke, C.
Ideguchi, E.
Isobe, T.
Ito, Y.
Jenkins, D. G.
Kawada, Y.
Kobayashi, N.
Kondo, Y.
Kruecken, R.
Kubono, S.
Lorusso, G.
Nakano, T.
Kurata-Nishimura, M.
Odahara, A.
Ong, H. J.
Ota, S.
Podolyak, Zs
Sakurai, H.
Scheit, H.
Shi, Y.
Steiger, K.
Steppenbeck, D.
Sugimoto, K.
Tajiri, K.
Takano, S.
Takashima, A.
Teranishi, T.
Wakabayashi, Y.
Walker, P. M.
Wieland, O.
Xu, F. R.
Yamaguchi, H.
TI Low-lying level structure of the neutron-rich nucleus Nb-109: A possible
oblate-shape isomer
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Nb-109; Isomer; Oblate deformation; Shape coexistence
ID INTRUDER STATES; MASS NUCLEI; COEXISTENCE; BEAM; RIKEN; DECAY
AB The neutron-rich nuclei Nb-109 and Zr-109 have been populated using in-flight fission of a U-238 beam at 345 MeV/nucleon at the RIBF facility. A T-1/2 = 150(30) ns isomer at 313 keV has been identified in Nb-109 for the first time. The low-lying levels in Nb-109 have been also populated following the beta-decay of Zr-109. Based on the difference in feeding pattern between the isomeric and beta decays, the decay scheme from the isomeric state in Nb-109 was established. The observed hindrances of the electromagnetic transitions deexciting the isomeric state are discussed in terms of possible shape coexistence. Potential energy surface calculations for single-proton configurations predict the presence of low-lying oblate-deformed states in Nb-109. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Watanabe, H.; Nishimura, S.; Li, Z.; Baba, H.; Doornenbal, P.; Isobe, T.; Lorusso, G.; Kurata-Nishimura, M.; Sakurai, H.; Scheit, H.; Steppenbeck, D.] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Sumikama, T.; Yoshinaga, K.; Miyashita, Y.; Chiba, J.; Nakano, T.; Sugimoto, K.; Takano, S.] Tokyo Univ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan.
[Yamaguchi, K.; Ito, Y.; Odahara, A.; Tajiri, K.; Takashima, A.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
[Berryman, J. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Blasi, N.; Bracco, A.; Camera, F.; Wieland, O.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Bracco, A.; Camera, F.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Go, S.; Hashimoto, T.; Hayakawa, S.; Ideguchi, E.; Kubono, S.; Ota, S.; Yamaguchi, H.] Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Hinke, C.; Kruecken, R.; Steiger, K.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Jenkins, D. G.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Kawada, Y.; Kobayashi, N.; Kondo, Y.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Lorusso, G.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Ong, H. J.] Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Res Ctr, Osaka 5670047, Japan.
[Podolyak, Zs; Walker, P. M.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England.
[Shi, Y.; Xu, F. R.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Teranishi, T.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan.
[Wakabayashi, Y.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan.
RP Watanabe, H (reprint author), RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
EM hiroshi@ribf.riken.jp
RI Wieland, Oliver/G-1784-2011; Teranishi, Takashi/D-2166-2012; Xu,
Furong/K-4178-2013; SAKURAI, HIROYOSHI/G-5085-2014; Scheit,
Heiko/B-4779-2008; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013;
OI Scheit, Heiko/0000-0002-8937-1101; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042;
Camera, Franco/0000-0003-1731-4834
FU KAKENHI [19340074, 50126124]; RIKEN; UK STFC; AWE plc.; DFG [KR 2326/2]
FX We are indebted to the staff members of RIKEN Nishina Center for
providing the uranium beams and to the BigRIPS team for tuning the
secondary beams. H.W. thanks Professor I. Hamamoto for valuable
discussions. This work was supported by the KAKENHI (Grant Nos. 19340074
and 50126124), the RIKEN President's Fund (2005), UK STFC and AWE plc.,
the DFG Cluster of Excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe and
under DFG grant KR 2326/2.
NR 28
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U1 1
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 3
BP 186
EP 190
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.028
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 719CG
UT WOS:000287176500002
ER
PT J
AU Bellini, G
Benziger, J
Bonetti, S
Avanzini, MB
Caccianiga, B
Cadonati, L
Calaprice, F
Carraro, C
Chavarria, A
Chepurnov, A
D'Angelo, D
Davini, S
Derbin, A
Etenko, A
Fomenko, K
Franco, D
Galbiati, C
Gazzana, S
Ghiano, C
Giammarchi, M
Goeger-Neff, M
Goretti, A
Guardincerri, E
Hardy, S
Ianni, A
Ianni, A
Joyce, M
Kobychev, VV
Korablev, D
Koshio, Y
Korga, G
Kryn, D
Laubenstein, M
Lewke, T
Litvinovich, E
Loer, B
Lombardi, P
Ludhova, L
Machulin, I
Manecki, S
Maneschg, W
Manuzio, G
Meindl, Q
Meroni, E
Miramonti, L
Misiaszek, M
Montanari, D
Muratova, V
Oberauer, L
Obolensky, M
Ortica, F
Pallavicini, M
Papp, L
Perasso, L
Perasso, S
Pocar, A
Raghavan, RS
Ranucci, G
Razeto, A
Re, A
Risso, P
Romani, A
Rountree, D
Sabelnikov, A
Saldanha, R
Salvo, C
Schonert, S
Simgen, H
Skorokhvatov, M
Smirnov, O
Sotnikov, A
Sukhotin, S
Suvorov, Y
Tartaglia, R
Testera, G
Vignaud, D
Vogelaar, RB
von Feilitzschk, F
Winter, J
Wojcik, M
Wright, A
Wurm, M
Xu, J
Zaimidoroga, O
Zavatarelli, S
Zuzel, G
AF Bellini, G.
Benziger, J.
Bonetti, S.
Avanzini, M. Buizza
Caccianiga, B.
Cadonati, L.
Calaprice, F.
Carraro, C.
Chavarria, A.
Chepurnov, A.
D'Angelo, D.
Davini, S.
Derbin, A.
Etenko, A.
Fomenko, K.
Franco, D.
Galbiati, C.
Gazzana, S.
Ghiano, C.
Giammarchi, M.
Goeger-Neff, M.
Goretti, A.
Guardincerri, E.
Hardy, S.
Ianni, Aldo
Ianni, Andrea
Joyce, M.
Kobychev, V. V.
Korablev, D.
Koshio, Y.
Korga, G.
Kryn, D.
Laubenstein, M.
Lewke, T.
Litvinovich, E.
Loer, B.
Lombardi, P.
Ludhova, L.
Machulin, I.
Manecki, S.
Maneschg, W.
Manuzio, G.
Meindl, Q.
Meroni, E.
Miramonti, L.
Misiaszek, M.
Montanari, D.
Muratova, V.
Oberauer, L.
Obolensky, M.
Ortica, F.
Pallavicini, M.
Papp, L.
Perasso, L.
Perasso, S.
Pocar, A.
Raghavan, R. S.
Ranucci, G.
Razeto, A.
Re, A.
Risso, P.
Romani, A.
Rountree, D.
Sabelnikov, A.
Saldanha, R.
Salvo, C.
Schoenert, S.
Simgen, H.
Skorokhvatov, M.
Smirnov, O.
Sotnikov, A.
Sukhotin, S.
Suvorov, Y.
Tartaglia, R.
Testera, G.
Vignaud, D.
Vogelaar, R. B.
von Feilitzschk, F.
Winter, J.
Wojcik, M.
Wright, A.
Wurm, M.
Xu, J.
Zaimidoroga, O.
Zavatarelli, S.
Zuzel, G.
TI Study of solar and other unknown anti-neutrino fluxes with Borexino at
LNGS
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Anti-neutrinos; Solar neutrinos; Neutrino detector; Liquid scintillator
ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GRAN-SASSO; MOMENT; DETECTOR; BOUNDS; ZONE; SUN
AB We report on the search for anti-neutrinos of yet unknown origin with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. In particular, a hypothetical anti-neutrino flux from the Sun is investigated. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse beta decay reaction in a large liquid organic scintillator target. We set a new upper limit for a hypothetical solar (v) over bare flux of 760 cm(-2) s(-1), obtained assuming an undistorted solar (8)B energy spectrum. This corresponds to a limit on the transition probability of solar neutrinos to anti-neutrinos of 1.3 x 10(-4) (90% C.L.) for E ((v) over bar) > 1.8 MeV, covering the entire (8)B spectrum. Best differential limits on anti-neutrino fluxes from unknown sources are also obtained between the detection energy threshold of 1.8 MeV and 17.8 MeV with more than 2 years of data. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bellini, G.; Bonetti, S.; Avanzini, M. Buizza; Caccianiga, B.; D'Angelo, D.; Franco, D.; Giammarchi, M.; Lombardi, P.; Ludhova, L.; Meroni, E.; Miramonti, L.; Perasso, L.; Ranucci, G.; Re, A.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Bellini, G.; Bonetti, S.; Avanzini, M. Buizza; Caccianiga, B.; D'Angelo, D.; Franco, D.; Giammarchi, M.; Lombardi, P.; Ludhova, L.; Meroni, E.; Miramonti, L.; Perasso, L.; Ranucci, G.; Re, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Kryn, D.; Obolensky, M.; Vignaud, D.] Lab AstroParticule & Cosmol, F-75231 Paris 13, France.
[Fomenko, K.; Korablev, D.; Smirnov, O.; Sotnikov, A.; Zaimidoroga, O.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia.
[Carraro, C.; Davini, S.; Guardincerri, E.; Manuzio, G.; Pallavicini, M.; Perasso, S.; Risso, P.; Salvo, C.; Testera, G.; Zavatarelli, S.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Carraro, C.; Davini, S.; Guardincerri, E.; Manuzio, G.; Pallavicini, M.; Perasso, S.; Risso, P.; Salvo, C.; Testera, G.; Zavatarelli, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Maneschg, W.; Schoenert, S.; Simgen, H.; Zuzel, G.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Kobychev, V. V.] Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Misiaszek, M.; Wojcik, M.] Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Etenko, A.; Litvinovich, E.; Machulin, I.; Sabelnikov, A.; Skorokhvatov, M.; Sukhotin, S.] RRC Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia.
[Fomenko, K.; Gazzana, S.; Ghiano, C.; Ianni, Aldo; Koshio, Y.; Korga, G.; Laubenstein, M.; Montanari, D.; Papp, L.; Razeto, A.; Suvorov, Y.; Tartaglia, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi, AQ, Italy.
[Chepurnov, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia.
[Goeger-Neff, M.; Lewke, T.; Meindl, Q.; Oberauer, L.; von Feilitzschk, F.; Winter, J.; Wurm, M.] Tech Univ Muenchen, Dept Phys, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Ortica, F.; Romani, A.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Chim, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Ortica, F.; Romani, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Calaprice, F.; Chavarria, A.; Galbiati, C.; Goretti, A.; Ianni, Andrea; Loer, B.; Montanari, D.; Saldanha, R.; Wright, A.; Xu, J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Benziger, J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Derbin, A.; Muratova, V.] St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia.
[Cadonati, L.; Pocar, A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Hardy, S.; Joyce, M.; Manecki, S.; Raghavan, R. S.; Rountree, D.; Vogelaar, R. B.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Galbiati, C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Bellini, G (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
EM Gianpaolo.Bellini@mi.infn.it
RI Ortica, Fausto/C-1001-2013; Laubenstein, Matthias/C-4851-2013; Koshio,
Yusuke/C-2847-2015; DAngelo, Davide/K-9164-2013; Razeto,
Alessandro/J-3320-2015; Ranucci, Gioacchino/O-2200-2015; Litvinovich,
Evgeny/R-9704-2016; Machulin, Igor/R-9711-2016; Skorokhvatov,
Mikhail/R-9735-2016; Kobychev, Vladislav/B-3322-2008; Pallavicini,
Marco/G-5500-2012; Romani, Aldo/G-8103-2012; Wurm, Michael/B-8195-2013
OI Derbin, Alexander/0000-0002-4351-2255; Franco,
Davide/0000-0001-5604-2531; Xu, Jingke/0000-0001-8084-5609; Ludhova,
Livia/0000-0002-3875-0590; Ortica, Fausto/0000-0001-8276-452X;
Laubenstein, Matthias/0000-0001-5390-4343; Koshio,
Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505; DAngelo, Davide/0000-0001-9857-8107; Razeto,
Alessandro/0000-0002-0578-097X; Ranucci, Gioacchino/0000-0002-3591-8191;
Kobychev, Vladislav/0000-0003-0030-7451; Pallavicini,
Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Romani, Aldo/0000-0002-7338-0097;
FU INFN (Italy); NSF (US) [NSFPHY-0802646]; BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany)
[OB160/1-1]; MPG (Germany); Rosnauka (Russia, RFBR) [09-02-92430]; MNiSW
(Poland); MIUR (Italy); Fondazione Cariplo
FX This work was funded by INFN (Italy), NSF (US Grant NSFPHY-0802646),
BMBF (Germany), DFG (Germany, Grant OB160/1-1 and Cluster of Excellence
"Origin and Structure of the Universe"), MPG (Germany), Rosnauka
(Russia, RFBR Grant 09-02-92430), and MNiSW (Poland). This work was
partially supported by PRIN 2007 protocol 2007 JR4STW from MIUR (Italy).
O. Smirnov, L. Ludhova and A. Derbin acknowledge the support of
Fondazione Cariplo.
NR 40
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 3
BP 191
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.030
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 719CG
UT WOS:000287176500003
ER
PT J
AU Fang, F
Vieira, DJ
Zhao, X
AF Fang, F.
Vieira, D. J.
Zhao, X.
TI Precision polarization measurements of atoms in a far-off-resonance
optical dipole trap
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BETA-DECAY
AB Precision measurement of atomic and nuclear polarization is an essential step for beta-asymmetry measurement of radioactive atoms. In this paper, we report the polarization measurement of Rb atoms in an yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) far-off-resonance optical dipole trap. We have prepared a cold cloud of polarized Rb atoms in the YAG dipole trap by optical pumping and achieved an initial nuclear polarization of up to 97.2(5)%. The initial atom distribution in different Zeeman levels is measured by using a combination of microwave excitation, laser pushing, and atomic retrap techniques. The nuclear-spin polarization is further purified to 99.2(2)% in 10 s and maintained above 99% because the two-body collision loss rate between atoms in mixed spin states is greater than the one-body trap loss rate. Systematic effects on the nuclear polarization, including the off-resonance Raman scattering, magnetic field gradient, and background gas collisions, are discussed.
C1 [Fang, F.; Vieira, D. J.; Zhao, X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Fang, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM xxz@lanl.gov
OI Zhao, Xinxin/0000-0001-8128-2561
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We thank Professor David Weiss, Dr. Y. Natali Martinez de Escobar, and
Dr. Andrew Hime for helpful discussions related to spin polarization and
beta-asymmetry measurement. This work is supported by the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National
Laboratory, operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the
National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) as part of the US Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 013416
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.013416
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713OL
UT WOS:000286747200023
ER
PT J
AU Beiersdorfer, P
Layne, D
Magee, EW
Katz, JI
AF Beiersdorfer, P.
Layne, D.
Magee, E. W.
Katz, J. I.
TI Viscoelastic Suppression of Gravity-Driven Counterflow Instability
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Attempts to achieve "top kill" of flowing oil wells by pumping dense drilling "muds," i.e., slurries of dense minerals, from above will fail if the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the gravity-driven counterflow produces turbulence that breaks up the denser fluid into small droplets. Here we estimate the droplet size to be submillimeter for fast flows and suggest the addition of a shear-thickening or viscoelastic polymer to suppress turbulence. We find in laboratory experiments a variety of new physical effects for a viscoelastic shear-thickening liquid in a gravity-driven counterstreaming flow. There is a progression from droplet formation to complete turbulence suppression at the relevant high velocities. Thick descending columns show a viscoelastic analogue of the viscous buckling instability. Thinner streams form structures resembling globules on a looping filament.
C1 [Beiersdorfer, P.; Layne, D.; Magee, E. W.; Katz, J. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Katz, J. I.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Katz, J. I.] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM katz@wuphys.wustl.edu
FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and
Development [10-FS-005]
FX We thank P. Dimotakis and R. Garwin for discussions that were the origin
of this experiment and R. Grober for collaboration in a preliminary
experiment with miscible fluids. This work was performed under the
auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344
and Laboratory Directed Research and Development Project No. 10-FS-005.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 5
AR 058301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.058301
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713IZ
UT WOS:000286733000010
PM 21405442
ER
PT J
AU Biswas, A
Rossen, PB
Yang, CH
Siemons, W
Jung, MH
Yang, IK
Ramesh, R
Jeong, YH
AF Biswas, A.
Rossen, P. B.
Yang, C. -H.
Siemons, W.
Jung, M. -H.
Yang, I. K.
Ramesh, R.
Jeong, Y. H.
TI Universal Ti-rich termination of atomically flat SrTiO3 (001), (110),
and (111) surfaces
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-SURFACES
AB We have studied the surface termination of atomically flat SrTiO3 surfaces treated by chemical etching and subsequent thermal annealing, for all commercially available orientations (001), (110), and (111). Atomic force microscopy confirms that our treatment processes produce unit cell steps with flat terrace structures. We have also determined the topmost atomic layer of SrTiO3 surfaces through time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. We found that all three orientations exhibit a Ti-rich surface. Our observation opens doors for interface engineering along the (110) and (111) directions in addition to a well known [100] case, which widens the range of functional heterostructures and interfaces. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3549860]
C1 [Yang, C. -H.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Yang, C. -H.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Inst NanoCentury, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Biswas, A.; Jung, M. -H.; Yang, I. K.; Jeong, Y. H.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Rossen, P. B.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Siemons, W.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yang, CH (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM chyang@kaist.ac.kr; yhj@postech.ac.kr
RI YANG, CHAN-HO/C-2079-2011; Siemons, Wolter/B-3808-2011
FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea [2010-0013528,
2010-0014523]
FX C.-H.Y. and Y.H.J. acknowledge the support by the National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science
and Technology, Korea (Contract Nos. 2010-0013528 and 2010-0014523).
W.S. acknowledges the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research
(NWO-Rubicon).
NR 20
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 10
U2 97
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 5
AR 051904
DI 10.1063/1.3549860
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 716QK
UT WOS:000286988400017
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Z
Brandt, R
Yahagi, Y
Hansen, B
Harteneck, B
Bokor, J
Hawkins, AR
Schmidt, H
AF Liu, Z.
Brandt, R.
Yahagi, Y.
Hansen, B.
Harteneck, B.
Bokor, J.
Hawkins, A. R.
Schmidt, H.
TI Detecting single nanomagnet dynamics beyond the diffraction limit in
varying magnetostatic environments
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSCOPY
AB As areal bit density increases, characterizing individual magnetic bits within dense arrays becomes difficult with diffraction-limited optics. We demonstrate that dynamic magneto-optical detection breaks this diffraction limit if the characteristic behavior of a nanomagnet is sufficiently different from its neighbors'. We use far-field time-resolved Kerr microscopy to resolve the high-frequency magnetization dynamics of a single, small (empty sct150 nm) nanomagnet within a low-frequency background from an array of large (empty sct500 nm) magnets. We use this technique to observe and quantify the effects of magnetostatic interactions on the single magnet dynamics as the intermagnet spacing is varied. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3549302]
C1 [Liu, Z.; Brandt, R.; Yahagi, Y.; Schmidt, H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Hansen, B.; Hawkins, A. R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept ECEn, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Harteneck, B.; Bokor, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Liu, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Engn, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM bekah@soe.ucsc.edu
RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011; Hawkins, Aaron/F-5708-2016
OI Hawkins, Aaron/0000-0002-3882-0771
FU NSF [ECCS-0801896, DMR-0806924]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the NSF (ECCS-0801896 and DMR-0806924). Work
at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
(DE-AC02-05CH11231).
NR 18
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 5
AR 052502
DI 10.1063/1.3549302
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 716QK
UT WOS:000286988400038
ER
PT J
AU Shen, XA
Pantelides, ST
AF Shen, Xiao
Pantelides, Sokrates T.
TI Identification of a major cause of endemically poor mobilities in
SiC/SiO2 structures
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; NITROGEN IMPLANTATION; INTERFACE; DEFECTS; DIFFUSION;
OXIDATION; TRANSISTORS; MECHANISMS; MOSFETS; STATES
AB Poor electron mobility at SiC/SiO2 interfaces has long held up the development of SiC-based power devices. The mobility degradation has been attributed to defects at the interface and the oxide as in the case of the Si/SiO2 system, but a decade of research has led only to limited improvement. Here we examine theoretical results and available experimental evidence and show that thermal oxidation generates immobile carbon di-interstitial defects inside the semiconductor substrate and that they are a major cause of the poor mobility in SiC/SiO2 structures. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3553786]
C1 [Shen, Xiao; Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shen, XA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM xiao.shen@vanderbilt.edu
FU NSF GOALI [DMR-0907385]; McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University
FX We thank A. F. Basile, P. M. Mooney, Y. S. Puzyrev, B. R. Tuttle, J. R.
Williams, and L. C. Feldman for helpful discussions. This work was
supported by NSF GOALI Grant No. DMR-0907385 and by the McMinn Endowment
at Vanderbilt University.
NR 44
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 5
AR 053507
DI 10.1063/1.3553786
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 716QK
UT WOS:000286988400082
ER
PT J
AU Yu, YS
Jung, H
Lee, KS
Fischer, P
Kim, SK
AF Yu, Young-Sang
Jung, Hyunsung
Lee, Ki-Suk
Fischer, Peter
Kim, Sang-Koog
TI Memory-bit selection and recording by rotating fields in vortex-core
cross-point architecture
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC VORTEX
AB In one of our earlier studies S.-K. Kim et al., [Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 022509 (2008)], we proposed a concept of robust information storage, recording, and readout, which can be implemented in nonvolatile magnetic random-access memories and is based on the energetically degenerated twofold ground states of vortex-core magnetizations. In the present study, we experimentally demonstrate reliable memory-bit selection and recording in vortex-core cross-point architecture, specifically using a two-by-two vortex-state disk array. In order to efficiently switch a vortex core positioned at the intersection of crossed electrodes, two orthogonal addressing electrodes are selected, and then two Gaussian pulse currents of optimal pulse width and time delay are applied. Such tailored pulse-type rotating magnetic fields which occur only at the selected intersection are a prerequisite for a reliable memory-bit selection and low-power-consumption recording of information in the existing cross-point architecture. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3551524]
C1 [Yu, Young-Sang; Jung, Hyunsung; Lee, Ki-Suk; Kim, Sang-Koog] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Ctr Spin Dynam & Spin Wave Devices, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Yu, Young-Sang; Jung, Hyunsung; Lee, Ki-Suk; Kim, Sang-Koog] Seoul Natl Univ, Nanospin Lab, Res Inst Adv Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Fischer, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, SK (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Ctr Spin Dynam & Spin Wave Devices, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
EM sangkoog@snu.ac.kr
RI Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010; MSD, Nanomag/F-6438-2012; Kim,
Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014
OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343;
FU Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [20100000706]; LG YONAM
foundation
FX We are thankful to M. Y. Im for her assistance in the beamline
operation. This research was supported by the Basic Science Research
Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded
by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (Grant No.
20100000706). S.-K.K. was supported by the LG YONAM foundation under the
Professors' Overseas Research Program. The use of the soft x-ray
microscope was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.
S. Department of Energy.
NR 22
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 5
AR 052507
DI 10.1063/1.3551524
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 716QK
UT WOS:000286988400043
ER
PT J
AU Gakh, AA
Burnett, MN
Trepalin, SV
Yarkov, AV
AF Gakh, Andrei A.
Burnett, Michael N.
Trepalin, Sergei V.
Yarkov, Alexander V.
TI Modular Chemical Descriptor Language (MCDL): Stereochemical modules
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DATABASE COMPILATION TOOL; SYSTEM; ALGORITHM; CHIRALITY; GEARING; SMILES
AB Background: In our previous papers we introduced the Modular Chemical Descriptor Language (MCDL) for providing a linear representation of chemical information. A subsequent development was the MCDL Java Chemical Structure Editor which is capable of drawing chemical structures from linear representations and generating MCDL descriptors from structures.
Results: In this paper we present MCDL modules and accompanying software that incorporate unique representation of molecular stereochemistry based on Cahn-Ingold-Prelog and Fischer ideas in constructing stereoisomer descriptors. The paper also contains additional discussions regarding canonical representation of stereochemical isomers, and brief algorithm descriptions of the open source LINDES, Java applet, and Open Babel MCDL processing module software packages.
Conclusions: Testing of the upgraded MCDL Java Chemical Structure Editor on compounds taken from several large and diverse chemical databases demonstrated satisfactory performance for storage and processing of stereochemical information in MCDL format.
C1 [Gakh, Andrei A.; Burnett, Michael N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Trepalin, Sergei V.; Yarkov, Alexander V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Physiologically Act Cpds, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Gakh, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gakhaa@yahoo.com
FU IPP program; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Kurchatov Institute
for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC01-00N40184]
FX This research was sponsored by the IPP program. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725. The research at the Institute of Physiologically
Active Compounds was performed under master contract DE-AC01-00N40184
with Kurchatov Institute for the U. S. Department of Energy. The authors
gratefully acknowledge the efforts that contributed to the preparation
of this paper, especially the valuable comments of Chris Morley and
other members of Open Babel team. This paper is a contribution from the
Discovery Chemistry Project.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1758-2946
J9 J CHEMINFORMATICS
JI J. Cheminformatics
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 3
AR 5
DI 10.1186/1758-2946-3-5
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Chemistry; Computer Science
GA 891NS
UT WOS:000300224500001
PM 21276272
ER
PT J
AU Bocharova, IA
Alnaser, AS
Thumm, U
Niederhausen, T
Ray, D
Cocke, CL
Litvinyuk, IV
AF Bocharova, I. A.
Alnaser, A. S.
Thumm, U.
Niederhausen, T.
Ray, D.
Cocke, C. L.
Litvinyuk, I. V.
TI Time-resolved Coulomb-explosion imaging of nuclear wave-packet dynamics
induced in diatomic molecules by intense few-cycle laser pulses
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFIGURATION INTERACTION; ELECTRONIC STATES; FIELD-IONIZATION; CO; ION;
PREDISSOCIATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN; N-2
AB We studied the nuclear dynamics in diatomic molecules (N(2), O(2), and CO) following their interaction with intense near-IR few-cycle laser pulses. Using Coulomb-explosion imaging in combination with the pump-probe approach, we mapped dissociation pathways of those molecules and their molecular ions. We identified all symmetric and asymmetric breakup channels for molecular ions up to N(2)(5+), O(2)(4+), and CO(4+). For each of those channels we measured the kinetic energy release (KER) spectra as a function of delay between the pump and probe pulses. For both N(2) and O(2) the asymmetric (3,1) channel is only observed for short (< 20 fs) delays and completely disappears after that. We interpret this observation as a signature of electron localization taking place in dissociating molecular tri-cations when their internuclear separation reaches about 2.5 times the equilibrium bond length. This is a direct confirmation that electron localization plays an essential role in the universal mechanism of enhanced ionization in homonuclear diatomic molecules. Using classical and quantum mechanical simulations of the time-dependent KER spectra, we identify the pathways and intermediate states involved in the laser-induced dissociation of those molecules.
C1 [Bocharova, I. A.; Thumm, U.; Ray, D.; Cocke, C. L.; Litvinyuk, I. V.] Kansas State Univ, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Alnaser, A. S.] Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Phys, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates.
[Niederhausen, T.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Quim, C IX, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Litvinyuk, I. V.] Griffith Univ, Ctr Quantum Dynam, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia.
RP Bocharova, IA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM i.litvinyuk@griffith.edu.au
RI Litvinyuk, Igor/A-5739-2009;
OI Litvinyuk, Igor/0000-0002-4306-1669; Thumm, Uwe/0000-0001-9378-6601
FU Chemical Sciences, Geo-sciences and Biosciences Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; National Science
Foundation
FX This work was supported by Chemical Sciences, Geo-sciences and
Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy and by the National Science Foundation.
NR 43
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 013417
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.013417
PG 17
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713OL
UT WOS:000286747200024
ER
PT J
AU Nortershauser, W
Sanchez, R
Ewald, G
Dax, A
Behr, J
Bricault, P
Bushaw, BA
Dilling, J
Dombsky, M
Drake, GWF
Gotte, S
Kluge, HJ
Kuhl, T
Lassen, J
Levy, CDP
Pachucki, K
Pearson, M
Puchalski, M
Wojtaszek, A
Yan, ZC
Zimmermann, C
AF Noertershaeuser, W.
Sanchez, R.
Ewald, G.
Dax, A.
Behr, J.
Bricault, P.
Bushaw, B. A.
Dilling, J.
Dombsky, M.
Drake, G. W. F.
Goette, S.
Kluge, H. -J.
Kuehl, Th.
Lassen, J.
Levy, C. D. P.
Pachucki, K.
Pearson, M.
Puchalski, M.
Wojtaszek, A.
Yan, Z. -C.
Zimmermann, C.
TI Isotope-shift measurements of stable and short-lived lithium isotopes
for nuclear-charge-radii determination
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; FREQUENCY-MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY;
IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; LASER SPECTROSCOPY;
FINE-STRUCTURE; LAMB SHIFT; VARIATIONAL CALCULATIONS; RECOIL
CORRECTIONS; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENT
AB Changes in the mean square nuclear charge radii along the lithium isotopic chain were determined using a combination of precise isotope shift measurements and theoretical atomic structure calculations. Nuclear charge radii of light elements are of high interest due to the appearance of the nuclear halo phenomenon in this region of the nuclear chart. During the past years we have developed a laser spectroscopic approach to determine the charge radii of lithium isotopes which combines high sensitivity, speed, and accuracy to measure the extremely small field shift of an 8-ms-lifetime isotope with production rates on the order of only 10 000 atoms/s. The method was applied to all bound isotopes of lithium including the two-neutron halo isotope (11)Li at the on-line isotope separators at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany, and at TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada. We describe the laser spectroscopic method in detail, present updated and improved values from theory and experiment, and discuss the results.
C1 [Noertershaeuser, W.; Sanchez, R.; Ewald, G.; Dax, A.; Goette, S.; Kluge, H. -J.; Kuehl, Th.; Wojtaszek, A.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Noertershaeuser, W.; Sanchez, R.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Behr, J.; Bricault, P.; Dilling, J.; Dombsky, M.; Lassen, J.; Levy, C. D. P.; Pearson, M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Bushaw, B. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Drake, G. W. F.] Univ Windsor, Dept Phys, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
[Pachucki, K.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Puchalski, M.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Fac Chem, PL-60780 Poznan, Poland.
[Yan, Z. -C.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Phys, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada.
[Zimmermann, C.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Phys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
RP Nortershauser, W (reprint author), GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
RI Nortershauser, Wilfried/A-6671-2013; Kuhl, Thomas/C-2243-2012;
Zimmermann, Claus/E-9598-2014; Yan, Zong-Chao/F-6668-2014
OI Nortershauser, Wilfried/0000-0001-7432-3687; Kuhl,
Thomas/0000-0001-6306-4579;
FU BMBF [06TU203, 06TU263I, 06MZ215]; Helmholtz Association of German
Research Centres [VHNG 148]; US Department of Energy Office of Science;
European Community [HPMT-CT-2000-00197]; NIST; ISAC Computer Division at
TRIUMF
FX This work is supported by BMBF (Contracts No. 06TU203, No. 06TU263I, and
No. 06MZ215) and by the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
(Contract No. VHNG 148). Support from the US Department of Energy Office
of Science (B.A.B.) and NRC through TRIUMF, NSERC, and SHARCnet
(G.W.F.D. and Z.-C.Y.) is acknowledged. A. W. was supported by the
European Community Programme IHP under Contract No. HPMT-CT-2000-00197.
K.P. and M.P. acknowledge support by the NIST Precision Measurement
grants. We thank the target laboratory at GSI for providing the carbon
foil catcher; Nikolaus Kurz, Mohammad Al-Turany, Christophor Kozhuharov
(GSI), and the ISAC Computer Division at TRIUMF for support in data
acquisition; Reinhard Kirchner, Haiming Wang, Frank Schmitt, and Sascha
Faber for contributions during the early part of this experiment; Melvin
Good for help during installation of the experiment at TRIUMF; and Rene
Roy for providing a liquid scintillator. The role of Isao Tanihata for
motivating and initiating these experiments is particulary acknowledged
by the authors.
NR 93
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 4
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 012516
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.012516
PG 33
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713OL
UT WOS:000286747200010
ER
PT J
AU Fagotti, M
Calabrese, P
Moore, JE
AF Fagotti, Maurizio
Calabrese, Pasquale
Moore, Joel E.
TI Entanglement spectrum of random-singlet quantum critical points
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID REDUCED DENSITY-MATRICES; SPIN CHAINS; ENTROPY; SYSTEMS; XY
AB The entanglement spectrum (i.e., the full distribution of Schmidt eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix) contains more information than the conventional entanglement entropy and has been studied recently in several many-particle systems. We compute the disorder-averaged entanglement spectrum in the form of the disorder-averaged moments <(Tr rho(alpha)(A))over bar> of the reduced density matrix rho(A) for a contiguous block of many spins at the random-singlet quantum critical point in one dimension. The result compares well in the scaling limit with numerical studies on the random XX model and is also expected to describe the (interacting) random Heisenberg model. Our numerical studies on the XX case reveal that the dependence of the entanglement entropy and spectrum on the geometry of the Hilbert space partition is quite different than for conformally invariant critical points.
C1 [Fagotti, Maurizio; Calabrese, Pasquale] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Pisa, Italy.
[Moore, Joel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fagotti, Maurizio; Calabrese, Pasquale] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy.
[Moore, Joel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Fagotti, M (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Pisa, Italy.
RI Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016
OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761
FU NSF [DMR-0804413]
FX J.E.M. acknowledges support from NSF DMR-0804413.
NR 75
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 4
AR 045110
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.045110
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 715PT
UT WOS:000286897100005
ER
PT J
AU Levchenko, A
Norman, MR
Varlamov, AA
AF Levchenko, Alex
Norman, M. R.
Varlamov, A. A.
TI Nernst effect from fluctuating pairs in the pseudogap phase of the
cuprates
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-T-C; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDUCTIVITY
AB The observation of a large Nernst signal in cuprates above the superconducting transition temperature has attracted much attention. A potential explanation is that it originates from superconducting fluctuations. Although the Nernst signal is indeed consistent with Gaussian fluctuations for overdoped cuprates, Gaussian theory fails to describe the temperature dependence seen for underdoped cuprates. Here, we consider the vertex correction to Gaussian theory resulting from the pseudogap. This yields a Nernst signal in good agreement with the data.
C1 [Levchenko, Alex; Norman, M. R.; Varlamov, A. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Varlamov, A. A.] SPIN CNR, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
RP Levchenko, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013
FU US DOE, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the US DOE, Office of Science, under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with M.
N. Serbyn.
NR 21
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 2
AR 020506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.020506
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 713RM
UT WOS:000286755100003
ER
PT J
AU Deng, WT
Wang, XN
Xu, R
AF Deng, Wei-Tian
Wang, Xin-Nian
Xu, Rong
TI Hadron production in p plus p, p plus Pb, and Pb plus Pb collisions with
the HIJING 2.0 model at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; SQUARE-ROOT-S; GEOMETRICAL BRANCHING MODEL;
PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; CHARGED-PARTICLES;
CROSS-SECTIONS; PSEUDORAPIDITY DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM;
CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE
AB The Heavy-Ion Jet Interaction Generator (HIJING) Monte Carlo model is updated with the latest parton distributions functions and a new set of the parameters in the two-component minijet model that controls the total p + p cross section and the central pseudorapity density. We study hadron spectra and multiplicity distributions using the HIJING 2.0 model and compare to recent experimental data from p + p collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. We also give predictions of hadron production in p + p, p + Pb, and Pb + Pb collisions at the full LHC energy.
C1 [Deng, Wei-Tian] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Deng, Wei-Tian] Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xin-Nian; Xu, Rong] Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xin-Nian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Deng, WT (reprint author), FIAS, Ruth Moufang Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10525523, 10825523]; MOE
of China [IRT0624]; Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and
Nuclear Physics, Division of Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Helmholtz International Center
FX We thank H. Z. Zhang for providing the NLO pQCD results of transverse
momentum spectra. We would like to thank M. Gyulassy for helpful
discussions and P. Jacobs and J. Schukraft for discussions about the
ALICE experimental data. This work was supported in part by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China under Projects No. 10525523 and No.
10825523, MOE of China under Project No. IRT0624, and the Director,
Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics,
Division of Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. W.-T.D. was also financially supported
by Helmholtz International Center for FAIR within the framework of the
LOEWE program launched by the State of Hesse during the completion of
this work.
NR 73
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 014915
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014915
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RX
UT WOS:000286756200012
ER
PT J
AU Marcucci, LE
Piarulli, M
Viviani, M
Girlanda, L
Kievsky, A
Rosati, S
Schiavilla, R
AF Marcucci, L. E.
Piarulli, M.
Viviani, M.
Girlanda, L.
Kievsky, A.
Rosati, S.
Schiavilla, R.
TI Muon capture on deuteron and He-3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; MESON-EXCHANGE CURRENTS; NUCLEON
NUCLEON-INTERACTION; WEAK INTERACTION; NEGATIVE MUONS; HALF-LIFE; MODEL;
CONSTRUCTION; POTENTIALS; FREEDOM
AB The muon-capture reactions H-2(mu(-), nu(mu))nn and He-3(mu(-), nu(mu))H-3 are studied with conventional or chiral realistic potentials and consistent weak currents. The initial and final A = 2 and A = 3 nuclear wave functions are obtained from the Argonne upsilon(18) or chiral next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N3LO) two-nucleon potential, in combination with, respectively, the Urbana IX or chiral next-to-next-to leading order (N2LO) three-nucleon potential in the case of A = 3. The weak current consists of polar- and axial-vector components. The former are related to the isovector piece of the electromagnetic current via the conserved-vector-current hypothesis. These and the axial currents are derived either in a meson-exchange or in a chiral effective field theory (chi EFT) framework. There is one parameter (either the N-to-Delta axial coupling constant in the meson-exchange model, or the strength of a contact term in the chi EFT model) that is fixed by reproducing the Gamow-Teller matrix element in tritium beta decay. The model dependence relative to the adopted interactions and currents (and cutoff sensitivity in the chi EFT currents) is weak, resulting in total rates of 392.0 +/- 2.3 s (1) for A = 2, and 1484 +/- 13 s (1) for A = 3, where the spread accounts for this model dependence.
C1 [Marcucci, L. E.; Girlanda, L.; Rosati, S.] Univ Pisa, Dept Phys, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Marcucci, L. E.; Viviani, M.; Girlanda, L.; Kievsky, A.; Rosati, S.] INFN Pisa, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Piarulli, M.; Schiavilla, R.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Schiavilla, R.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Marcucci, LE (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dept Phys, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy.
OI Girlanda, Luca/0000-0002-5560-005X
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Science [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX One of the authors (R.S.) would like to thank the Physics Department of
the University of Pisa, the INFN Pisa branch, and especially the Pisa
group for the continuing support and warm hospitality extended to him
over the past several years. The work of R.S. was supported by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Science, under Contract No.
DE-AC05-06OR23177.
NR 86
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
EI 1089-490X
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 014002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014002
PG 14
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RX
UT WOS:000286756200004
ER
PT J
AU Malace, SP
Paolone, M
Strauch, S
Albayrak, I
Arrington, J
Berman, BL
Brash, EJ
Briscoe, B
Camsonne, A
Chen, JP
Christy, ME
Chudakov, E
Cisbani, E
Craver, B
Cusanno, F
Ent, R
Garibaldi, F
Gilman, R
Glamazdin, O
Glister, J
Higinbotham, DW
Hyde-Wright, CE
Ilieva, Y
de Jager, CW
Jiang, X
Jones, MK
Keppel, CE
Khrosinkova, E
Kuchina, E
Kumbartzki, G
Lee, B
Lindgren, R
Margaziotis, DJ
Meekins, D
Michaels, R
Park, K
Pentchev, L
Perdrisat, CF
Piasetzky, E
Punjabi, VA
Puckett, AJR
Qian, X
Qiang, Y
Ransome, RD
Saha, A
Sarty, AJ
Schulte, E
Solvignon, P
Subedi, RR
Tang, L
Tedeschi, D
Tvaskis, V
Udias, JM
Ulmer, PE
Vignote, JR
Wesselmann, FR
Wojtsekhowski, B
Zhan, X
AF Malace, S. P.
Paolone, M.
Strauch, S.
Albayrak, I.
Arrington, J.
Berman, B. L.
Brash, E. J.
Briscoe, B.
Camsonne, A.
Chen, J. -P.
Christy, M. E.
Chudakov, E.
Cisbani, E.
Craver, B.
Cusanno, F.
Ent, R.
Garibaldi, F.
Gilman, R.
Glamazdin, O.
Glister, J.
Higinbotham, D. W.
Hyde-Wright, C. E.
Ilieva, Y.
de Jager, C. W.
Jiang, X.
Jones, M. K.
Keppel, C. E.
Khrosinkova, E.
Kuchina, E.
Kumbartzki, G.
Lee, B.
Lindgren, R.
Margaziotis, D. J.
Meekins, D.
Michaels, R.
Park, K.
Pentchev, L.
Perdrisat, C. F.
Piasetzky, E.
Punjabi, V. A.
Puckett, A. J. R.
Qian, X.
Qiang, Y.
Ransome, R. D.
Saha, A.
Sarty, A. J.
Schulte, E.
Solvignon, P.
Subedi, R. R.
Tang, L.
Tedeschi, D.
Tvaskis, V.
Udias, J. M.
Ulmer, P. E.
Vignote, J. R.
Wesselmann, F. R.
Wojtsekhowski, B.
Zhan, X.
TI Precise Extraction of the Induced Polarization in the
He-4(e,e(l)(p)over-right-arrow)H-3 Reaction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; IMPULSE APPROXIMATION; RELATIVISTIC
ANALYSIS; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; BOUND NUCLEONS
AB We measured with unprecedented precision the induced polarization P-y in He-4(e, e(l)(p) over right arrow)H-3 at Q(2) = 0.8 and 1.3 (GeV/c)(2). The induced polarization is indicative of reaction-mechanism effects beyond the impulse approximation. Our results are in agreement with a relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation calculation but are overestimated by a calculation with strong charge-exchange effects. Our data are used to constrain the strength of the spin-independent charge-exchange term in the latter calculation.
C1 [Malace, S. P.; Paolone, M.; Strauch, S.; Ilieva, Y.; Tedeschi, D.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Albayrak, I.; Christy, M. E.; Keppel, C. E.; Tang, L.; Tvaskis, V.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
[Arrington, J.; Solvignon, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Berman, B. L.; Briscoe, B.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Brash, E. J.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Camsonne, A.; Chen, J. -P.; Chudakov, E.; Ent, R.; Gilman, R.; Higinbotham, D. W.; de Jager, C. W.; Jones, M. K.; Meekins, D.; Michaels, R.; Park, K.; Saha, A.; Wojtsekhowski, B.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Cisbani, E.; Cusanno, F.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sanita Grp, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
[Cisbani, E.; Cusanno, F.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
[Craver, B.; Lindgren, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Gilman, R.; Jiang, X.; Kuchina, E.; Kumbartzki, G.; Ransome, R. D.; Schulte, E.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Glamazdin, O.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Glister, J.; Sarty, A. J.] St Marys Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
[Glister, J.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Hyde-Wright, C. E.; Ulmer, P. E.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Khrosinkova, E.; Subedi, R. R.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Lee, B.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
[Margaziotis, D. J.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
[Pentchev, L.; Perdrisat, C. F.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Piasetzky, E.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Punjabi, V. A.; Wesselmann, F. R.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
[Puckett, A. J. R.; Qiang, Y.; Zhan, X.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Qian, X.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Udias, J. M.] Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Vignote, J. R.] CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
RP Malace, SP (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RI Cisbani, Evaristo/C-9249-2011; Udias, Jose/A-7523-2010; Arrington,
John/D-1116-2012; Sarty, Adam/G-2948-2014; Higinbotham,
Douglas/J-9394-2014
OI Cisbani, Evaristo/0000-0002-6774-8473; Udias, Jose/0000-0003-3714-764X;
Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328; Higinbotham,
Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; DOE
[DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX The collaboration wishes to acknowledge the Hall A technical staff and
the Jefferson Lab Accelerator Division for their support. This work was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. National Science
Foundation. Jefferson Science Associates operates the Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 5
AR 052501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.052501
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713IZ
UT WOS:000286733000001
PM 21405386
ER
PT J
AU Easson, DA
Frampton, PH
Smoot, GF
AF Easson, Damien A.
Frampton, Paul H.
Smoot, George F.
TI Entropic accelerating universe
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Acceleration; Thermodynamics; Gravity
ID SPACE
AB To accommodate the observed accelerated expansion of the universe, one popular idea is to invoke a driving term in the Friedmann-Lemaitre equation of dark energy which must then comprise 70% of the present cosmological energy density. We propose an alternative interpretation which takes into account the entropy and temperature intrinsic to the horizon of the universe due to the information holographically stored there. Dark energy is thereby obviated and the acceleration is due to an entropic force naturally arising from the information storage on the horizon surface screen. We consider an additional quantitative approach inspired by surface terms in general relativity and show that this leads to the entropic accelerating universe. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Easson, Damien A.; Frampton, Paul H.; Smoot, George F.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
[Easson, Damien A.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Easson, Damien A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Easson, Damien A.] Arizona State Univ, Beyond Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Easson, Damien A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Frampton, Paul H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Smoot, George F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Smoot, George F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Smoot, George F.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul, South Korea.
[Smoot, George F.] Adv Acad, Seoul, South Korea.
[Smoot, George F.] Univ Paris Denis Diderot, Chaire Blaise Pascale, Paris, France.
RP Easson, DA (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
EM easson@asu.edu; frampton@physics.unc.edu; gfsmoot@lbl.gov
FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI initiative),
MEXT, Japan; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) [21740167];
Arizona State University Foundation; National Science Foundation (KITP,
UCSB) [PHY05-51164]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER41418,
DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NRF/MEST [R32-2009-000-10130-0]; CNRS
FX We each thank our colleagues for their contagious energy and enthusiasm
and IPMU for providing the venue that encouraged this work. This work
was supported by the World Premier International Research Center
Initiative (WPI initiative), MEXT, Japan. The work of D.A.E. is
supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (21740167)
from the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), by funds from
the Arizona State University Foundation and by the National Science
Foundation (KITP, UCSB) under Grant No. PHY05-51164. The work of P.H.F.
was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Grant No.
DE-FG02-05ER41418. G.F.S.'s work was supported in part by the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, by WCU
program of NRF/MEST (R32-2009-000-10130-0), and by CNRS Chaire Blaise
Pascal.
NR 14
TC 74
Z9 74
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 31
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 3
BP 273
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.025
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 719CG
UT WOS:000287176500018
ER
PT J
AU Garten, CT
Brice, DJ
Castro, HF
Graham, RL
Mayes, MA
Phillips, JR
Post, WM
Schadt, CW
Wullschleger, SD
Tyler, DD
Jardine, PM
Jastrow, JD
Matamala, R
Miller, RM
Moran, KK
Vugteveen, TW
Izaurralde, RC
Thomson, AM
West, TO
Amonette, JE
Bailey, VL
Metting, FB
Smith, JL
AF Garten, Charles T., Jr.
Brice, Deanne J.
Castro, Hector F.
Graham, Robin L.
Mayes, Melanie A.
Phillips, Jana R.
Post, Wilfred M., III
Schadt, Christopher W.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
Tyler, Donald D.
Jardine, Phillip M.
Jastrow, Julie D.
Matamala, Roser
Miller, R. Michael
Moran, Kelly K.
Vugteveen, Timothy W.
Izaurralde, R. Cesar
Thomson, Allison M.
West, Tristram O.
Amonette, James E.
Bailey, Vanessa L.
Metting, F. Blaine
Smith, Jeffrey L.
TI Response of "Alamo" switchgrass tissue chemistry and biomass to nitrogen
fertilization in West Tennessee, USA
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Switchgrass; Nitrogen fertilization; Shoot biomass; Root biomass; Carbon
stocks; Nitrogen stocks; Tissue chemistry; Nitrogen balance; Root:shoot
ratio; C:N ratio
ID SOIL CARBON; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; SEQUESTRATION; BIOENERGY; DYNAMICS;
HARVEST; DECOMPOSITION; MANAGEMENT; FREQUENCY; IMPACTS
AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a perennial, warm-season grass that has been identified as a potential biofuel feedstock over a large part of North America. We examined above- and belowground responses to nitrogen fertilization in "Alamo" switchgrass grown in West Tennessee, USA. The fertilizer study included a spring and fall sampling of 5-year old switchgrass grown under annual applications of 0, 67, and 202 kg N ha(-1) (as ammonium nitrate). Fertilization changed switchgrass biomass allocation as indicated by root: shoot ratios. End-of-growing season root:shoot ratios (mean +/- SE) declined significantly (P <= 0.05) at the highest fertilizer nitrogen treatment (2.16 +/- 0.08, 2.02 +/- 0.18, and 0.88 +/- 0.14, respectively, at 0, 67, and 202 kg N ha(-1)). Fertilization also significantly increased above- and belowground nitrogen concentrations and decreased plant C:N ratios. Data are presented for coarse live roots, fine live roots, coarse dead roots, fine dead roots, and rhizomes. At the end of the growing season, there was more carbon and nitrogen stored in belowground biomass than aboveground biomass. Fertilization impacted switchgrass tissue chemistry and biomass allocation in ways that potentially impact soil carbon cycle processes and soil carbon storage. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garten, Charles T., Jr.; Brice, Deanne J.; Castro, Hector F.; Graham, Robin L.; Mayes, Melanie A.; Phillips, Jana R.; Post, Wilfred M., III; Schadt, Christopher W.; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tyler, Donald D.; Jardine, Phillip M.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Jastrow, Julie D.; Matamala, Roser; Miller, R. Michael; Moran, Kelly K.; Vugteveen, Timothy W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Izaurralde, R. Cesar; Thomson, Allison M.; West, Tristram O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Izaurralde, R. Cesar; Thomson, Allison M.; West, Tristram O.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Amonette, James E.; Bailey, Vanessa L.; Metting, F. Blaine] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Smith, Jeffrey L.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Garten, CT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,Mail Stop 6301, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gartenctjr@ornl.gov
RI Thomson, Allison/B-1254-2010; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Brice,
Deanne/B-9048-2012; Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; Izaurralde,
Roberto/E-5826-2012; West, Tristram/C-5699-2013; Schadt,
Christopher/B-7143-2008;
OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; West,
Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448;
Bailey, Vanessa/0000-0002-2248-8890
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental Research (BER); U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-000R22725]
FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) funding to the
Consortium for Research on Enhancing Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial
Ecosystems (CSiTE) and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We wish to thank Blake Brown at
the Research and Education Center at Milan, TN, and Janet Gibson, Ernest
Merriweather, and Bobby Henderson at the University of Tennessee's West
Tennessee Research and Education Center for their helpful support cif
laboratory and field activities.; This manuscript has been authored by
UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract no. DE-AC05-000R22725 with the U.S.
Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the
publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes.
NR 30
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U1 2
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 140
IS 1-2
BP 289
EP 297
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.016
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 728RO
UT WOS:000287892400033
ER
PT J
AU Fraga, CG
Farmer, OT
Carman, AJ
AF Fraga, Carlos G.
Farmer, Orville T.
Carman, April J.
TI Anionic forensic signatures for sample matching of potassium cyanide
using high performance ion chromatography and chemometrics
SO TALANTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical forensics; Feature selection; Supervised classification; Ion
chromatography
ID PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; FEATURE-SELECTION
AB Potassium cyanide was used as a model toxicant to determine the feasibility of using anionic impurities as a forensic signature for matching cyanide salts back to their source. In this study, portions of eight KCN stocks originating from four countries were separately dissolved in water and analyzed by high performance ion chromatography (HPIC) using an anion exchange column and conductivity detection. Sixty KCN aqueous samples were produced from the eight stocks and analyzed for 11 anionic impurities. Hierarchal cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to demonstrate that KCN samples cluster according to source based on the concentrations of their anionic impurities. The Fisher-ratio method and degree-of-class separation (DCS) were used for feature selection on a training set of KCN samples in order to optimize sample clustering. The optimal subset of anions needed for sample classification was determined to be sulfate, oxalate, phosphate, and an unknown anion named unk5. Using K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and the optimal subset of anions, KCN test samples from different KCN stocks were correctly determined to be manufactured in the United States. In addition, KCN samples from stocks manufactured in Belgium, Germany, and the Czech Republic were all correctly matched back to their original stocks because each stock had a unique anionic impurity profile. The application of the Fisher-ratio method and DCS for feature selection improved the accuracy and confidence of sample classification by KNN. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fraga, Carlos G.; Farmer, Orville T.; Carman, April J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Fraga, CG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM carlos.fraga@pnl.gov
FU Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security
FX Funding for this work provided by the Science and Technology
Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
NR 11
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Z9 7
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-9140
J9 TALANTA
JI Talanta
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1166
EP 1172
DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.08.017
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 713EV
UT WOS:000286718700013
PM 21215851
ER
PT J
AU Vass, AA
AF Vass, Arpad A.
TI The elusive universal post-mortem interval formula
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Human decomposition; Formula; Burials; Post-mortem interval; Taphonomy
ID HUMAN REMAINS; HUMAN CADAVERS; ODOR ANALYSIS; DECAY-RATES; DEATH; TIME;
DECOMPOSITION; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMISTRY; FIELD
AB The following manuscript details our initial attempt at developing universal post-mortem interval formulas describing human decomposition. These formulas are empirically derived from data collected over the last 20 years from the University of Tennessee's Anthropology Research Facility, in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Two formulas were developed (surface decomposition and burial decomposition) based on temperature, moisture, and the partial pressure of oxygen, as being three of the four primary drivers for human decomposition. It is hoped that worldwide application of these formulas to environments and situations not readily studied in Tennessee will result in interdisciplinary cooperation between scientists and law enforcement personnel that will allow for future refinements of these models leading to increased accuracy. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Vass, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,X-10,4500S,Rm E-147,MS 6120, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM vassaa@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract
No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United
States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article
for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains
a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for United States Government purposes.
NR 32
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U1 4
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 204
IS 1-3
BP 34
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.04.052
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 703PS
UT WOS:000285991900014
PM 20554133
ER
PT J
AU Stefanski, R
AF Stefanski, Ray
TI MiniBooNE "WINDOWS ON THE UNIVRSE"
SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino; oscillation; CPT; Lorentz
ID NEUTRINO; OSCILLATIONS; DETECTOR
AB We discuss the current state of measurements taken by MiniBooNE and emphasize the uniqueness of neutrino oscillations as an important probe into the "Windows on the Universe."
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Stefanski, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM stefanski@fnal.gov
FU Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; MiniBooNE
FX This work is supported by the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
which is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The
author is grateful to the MiniBooNE collaboration for its support.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0217-7323
EI 1793-6632
J9 MOD PHYS LETT A
JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 3
BP 161
EP 169
DI 10.1142/S021773231103497
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 708VS
UT WOS:000286393000001
ER
PT J
AU Masud, A
Scovazzi, G
AF Masud, Arif
Scovazzi, Guglielmo
TI A heterogeneous multiscale modeling framework for hierarchical systems
of partial differential equations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE multiscale methods; variational methods; hierarchical models;
heterogeneous methods; interscale coupling; partial differential
equations
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; DARCY FLOW; INTERFACES; MECHANICS; COMPUTATION;
MEDIA; DECOMPOSITION; FORMULATION; BOUNDARIES; SCHEME
AB This paper presents a heterogeneous multiscale method with efficient interscale coupling for scale-dependent phenomena modeled via a hierarchy of partial differential equations. Physics at the global level is governed by one set of partial differential equations, whereas features in the solution that are beyond the resolution capability of the coarser models are accounted for by the next refined set of differential equations. The proposed method seamlessly integrates different sets of equations governing physics at various levels, and represents a consistent top-down and bottom-up approach to multi-model modeling problems. For the top-down coupling of equations, this method provides a variational residual-based embedding of the response from the coarser or global system equations, into the corresponding local or refined system equations. To account for the effects of local phenomena on the global response of the system, the method also accommodates bottom-up embedding of the response from the local or refined mathematical models into the global or coarser model equations. The resulting framework thus provides a consistent way of coupling physics between disparate partial differential equations by means of up-scaling and down-scaling of the mathematical models. An integral aspect of the proposed framework is an uncertainty quantification and error estimation module. The structure of this error estimator is investigated and its mathematical implications are delineated. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Masud, Arif] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Scovazzi, Guglielmo] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Shock & Multiphys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Masud, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 3110 Newmark Civil Engn Lab,MC-250, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM amasud@illinois.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0271-2091
J9 INT J NUMER METH FL
JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 1-3
SI SI
BP 28
EP 42
DI 10.1002/fld.2456
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics
GA 702ZU
UT WOS:000285935200003
ER
PT J
AU Ray, J
Marzouk, YM
Najm, HN
AF Ray, J.
Marzouk, Y. M.
Najm, H. N.
TI A Bayesian approach for estimating bioterror attacks from patient data
SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian inference; anthrax; Sverdlovsk outbreak; bioterrorism
ID AEROSOL RELEASE DETECTOR; INHALATION ANTHRAX; ALGORITHM; OUTBREAKS; TIME
AB Terrorist attacks using an aerosolized pathogen have gained credibility as a national security concern after the anthrax attacks of 2001. Inferring some important details of the attack quickly, for example, the number of people infected, the time of infection, and a representative dose received can be crucial to planning a medical response. We use a Bayesian approach, based on a short time series of diagnosed patients, to estimate a joint probability density for these parameters. We first test the formulation with idealized cases and then apply it to realistic scenarios, including the Sverdlovsk anthrax outbreak of 1979. We also use simulated outbreaks to explore the impact of model error, as when the model used for generating simulated epidemic curves does not match the model subsequently used to characterize the attack. We find that in all cases except for the smallest attacks (fewer than 100 infected people), 3-5 days of data are sufficient to characterize the outbreak to a specificity that is useful for directing an emergency response. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Ray, J.; Najm, H. N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Marzouk, Y. M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Ray, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 9159,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM jairay@somnet.sandia.gov
FU Sandia National Laboratories; Lockheed Martin Company
[DE-AC04-94-AL85000]
FX The authors acknowledge the help of Dr Joseph Egan, Health Protection
Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK, who read a draft version
of the paper and provided numerous comments and suggestions. We thank Dr
Petri Fast, formerly of Lawrence Livermore National Labortory,
Livermore, CA and Dr Mark Kraus of NORAD-NORTHCOM, Peterson AFB, CO for
helpful discussions and preliminary testing of our method. We also thank
the referees for their many useful remarks. This work was supported by
Sandia National Laboratories' LDRD (Laboratory Directed Research and
Development) program, with funds allocated under the 'Enabling
Predictive Simulation' Investment Area. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000.
NR 35
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0277-6715
J9 STAT MED
JI Stat. Med.
PD JAN 30
PY 2011
VL 30
IS 2
BP 101
EP 126
DI 10.1002/sim.4090
PG 26
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research &
Experimental; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental
Medicine; Mathematics
GA 701TU
UT WOS:000285847100001
PM 20963771
ER
PT J
AU Moyer, PA
Bilek, SL
Phillips, WS
AF Moyer, Pamela A.
Bilek, Susan L.
Phillips, W. Scott
TI Apparent stress variations near the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica,
influenced by subducted bathymetric features
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAMOUNT SUBDUCTION; CODA WAVES; EARTHQUAKES; SPECTRA; MOMENT; PLATE;
RUPTURE; ENERGY; SLIP
AB We compute apparent stress for 114 aftershocks (0.9 <= M(L) <= 3.7) of the 1999 M(w) = 6.9 Quepos, Costa Rica, thrust-faulting earthquake to examine the influence of subducting plate topographic complexity near the Osa Peninsula on earthquake rupture. Using seismic coda techniques, we find a heterogeneous distribution in apparent stress of 0.1-2.5 MPa (mean 0.6 MPa) for these aftershocks. Mean aftershock apparent stress is more than twice the global mean for thrust-faulting earthquakes at oceanic subduction zones and 1.5 times the mean for events just northward along the margin near the Nicoya Peninsula where the subducting plate has lower relief. We also find constant source scaling for the Osa aftershocks. The variation in apparent stress found near the Osa Peninsula, and high mean as compared to global and regional values, suggest areas of stress concentration in the region of bathymetric complexity in the subduction zone. Citation: Moyer, P. A., S. L. Bilek, and W. S. Phillips (2011), Apparent stress variations near the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, influenced by subducted bathymetric features, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02304, doi: 10.1029/2010GL045955.
C1 [Moyer, Pamela A.; Bilek, Susan L.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Phillips, W. Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Moyer, PA (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, 801 Leroy Pl, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM pmoyer@nmt.edu
FU NSF [NSF-OCE 0751610]
FX We gratefully acknowledge NSF funding for this project, NSF-OCE 0751610
to S. L. B and helpful comments from Kevin Mayeda and an anonymous
reviewer.
NR 27
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 29
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L02304
DI 10.1029/2010GL045955
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 713TR
UT WOS:000286760800004
ER
PT J
AU Dandoloff, R
Saxena, A
AF Dandoloff, Rossen
Saxena, Avadh
TI Heisenberg spins on a bilayer connected by a neck and other geometries
with a characteristic length scale
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
LA English
DT Article
ID TOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; CURVATURE; GRAPHENE; NANORIBBONS; FRUSTRATION;
CYLINDER; TEXTURES; SPACE; MODEL
AB We obtain a half-skyrmion solution in the orientation of Heisenberg spins on a neck joining two planes with a semi-circular region. In addition, we consider several geometries, topologically equivalent to either a plane with a hole or a truncated circular cone or a cylinder due to the presence of an intrinsic length scale, for which we obtain skyrmion solutions. We also consider two minimal surfaces, namely a catenoid and a helicoid. Finally, we consider Heisenberg spins on single-sheet paraboloid and hyperboloid geometries. These spin textures may possibly be realized in elastically soft, curved magnetic thin films.
C1 [Dandoloff, Rossen] Univ Cergy Pontoise, Lab Phys Theor & Modelisat, F-95302 Cergy Pontoise, France.
[Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dandoloff, R (reprint author), Univ Cergy Pontoise, Lab Phys Theor & Modelisat, F-95302 Cergy Pontoise, France.
EM rossen.dandoloff@u-cergy.fr; avadh@lanl.gov
FU US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8113
J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 4
AR 045203
DI 10.1088/1751-8113/44/4/045203
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 703GH
UT WOS:000285965900024
ER
PT J
AU Shubert, VA
Pratt, ST
AF Shubert, V. Alvin
Pratt, Stephen T.
TI Photoelectron imaging of several 5d and 6p Rydberg states Xe-2 and
improving the Xe-2(+) I(1/2g) potential
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; ULTRAVIOLET-LASER SPECTROSCOPY;
RESOLVED 2-PHOTON SPECTRA; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTRUM; ION-CORE
ASSIGNMENTS; DER-WAALS MOLECULES; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; ELECTRONIC STATES;
ENERGY CURVES; VANDERWAALS MOLECULE
AB Velocity map photoelectron imaging was used to study the photoionization of Xe-2 in several low-lying 5d and 6p Rydberg states. The Rydberg states were prepared by two-photon excitation and ionized by either one additional photon from the pump laser (2+1 ionization), or by one photon of a second color (2+1' ionization). The 2+1 images and associated photoelectron spectra were consistent with previous results, although some adjustment of previously proposed equilibrium bond lengths was necessary to fit the spectra with Franck-Condon factor calculations. The 2+1' images provided higher resolution photoelectron spectra and, in conjunction with the Xe-2(+) potentials reported by Zehnder and co-workers [J. Chem. Phys. 128, 234306 (2008)] and the 6p and 5d Xe-2* potentials calculated by Jonin and Spiegelmann [J. Chem. Phys. 117, 3059 (2002)], provided a means for improving the Xe-2* potentials. New experimental data are also presented for photoionization populating the Xe-2(+) I(1/2g) state, and are used to provide a better description of its potential curve. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3533361]
C1 [Shubert, V. Alvin; Pratt, Stephen T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pratt, ST (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM stpratt@anl.gov
RI Shubert, V. Alvin/C-6736-2011
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We would like to thank Dr. F. Spiegelmann for helpful discussions and
Dr. C. Jonin for providing numerical data for the potentials in Ref. 38.
We would also like to thank Professor K. L. Reid for helpful advice on
the photoelectron imaging apparatus. This work was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044315
DI 10.1063/1.3533361
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600058
PM 21280733
ER
PT J
AU Tschauner, O
Kiefer, B
Nicol, M
Sinogeikin, S
Kumar, R
Cornelius, A
AF Tschauner, O.
Kiefer, B.
Nicol, M.
Sinogeikin, S.
Kumar, R.
Cornelius, A.
TI Lithium hydroxide dihydrate: A new type of icy material at elevated
pressure
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS METHODS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; POWDER DIFFRACTION; BASIS-SET;
INITIO
AB We show that, in addition to the known monohydrate, LiOH forms a dihydrate at elevated pressure. The dihydrate involves a large number of H-bonds establishing chains along the < 001 > direction. In addition, the energy surface exhibits a saddle point for proton locations along certain O interatomic distances, a feature characteristic for superprotonic conductors. However, MD simulations indicate that LiOH center dot 2H(2)O is not a superprotonic conductor and suggest the relevant interpolyhedral O-O distances being too large to allow for proton transfer between neighboring Li-coordinated polyhedra at least on the time scale of the MD-simulations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3543797]
C1 [Tschauner, O.; Nicol, M.; Kumar, R.; Cornelius, A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Tschauner, O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kiefer, B.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Kiefer, B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Sinogeikin, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, High Pressure Collaborat Access Team, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Tschauner, O (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM olivert@physics.unlv.edu
RI Cornelius, Andrew/A-9837-2008;
OI Kumar, Ravhi/0000-0002-1967-1619
FU NNSA [DE-FC52-06NA27684]; Department of Energy (DOE)
[DE-FG36-05GO08502]; DOE-BES [W-31-109-Eng-38]
FX This work was supported through the NNSA Cooperative Agreement
DE-FC52-06NA27684 and Department of Energy (DOE) Award DE-FG36-05GO08502
for hydrogen fuel cells and storage technology. Use of the HPCAT
facility was supported by DOE-BES, DOE-NNSA, National Science Foundation
(NSF), DOD-TACOM, and the W.M. Keck Foundation. APS is supported by
DOE-BES under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044526
DI 10.1063/1.3543797
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600092
PM 21280767
ER
PT J
AU Xing, J
Kim, KS
AF Xing, Jianhua
Kim, K. S.
TI Application of the projection operator formalism to non-Hamiltonian
dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; GEOMETRIC MAGNETISM;
LANGEVIN DYNAMICS; MEMORY; RECONSTRUCTION; THERMODYNAMICS; CONSTRUCTION;
SIMULATIONS; SYSTEMS
AB Reconstruction of equations of motion from incomplete or noisy data and dimension reduction are two fundamental problems in the study of dynamical systems with many degrees of freedom. For the latter, extensive efforts have been made, but with limited success, to generalize the Zwanzig-Mori projection formalism, originally developed for Hamiltonian systems close to thermodynamic equilibrium, to general non-Hamiltonian systems lacking detailed balance. One difficulty introduced by such systems is the lack of an invariant measure, needed to define a statistical distribution. Based on a recent discovery that a non-Hamiltonian system defined by a set of stochastic differential equations can be mapped to a Hamiltonian system, we develop such general projection formalism. In the resulting generalized Langevin equations, a set of generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations connect the memory kernel and the random noise terms, analogous to Hamiltonian systems obeying detailed balance. Lacking of these relations restricts previous application of the generalized Langevin formalism. Result of this work may serve as the theoretical basis for further technical developments on model reconstruction with reduced degrees of freedom. We first use an analytically solvable example to illustrate the formalism and the fluctuation-dissipation relation. Our numerical test on a chemical network with end-product inhibition further demonstrates the validity of the formalism. We suggest that the formalism can find wide applications in scientific modeling. Specifically, we discuss potential applications to biological networks. In particular, the method provides a suitable framework for gaining insights into network properties such as robustness and parameter transferability. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3530071]
C1 [Xing, Jianhua] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Kim, K. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Xing, J (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM jxing@vt.edu
RI Xing, Jianhua/A-8101-2012
OI Xing, Jianhua/0000-0002-3700-8765
FU NSF [DMS-0969417]
FX We thank Dr. Oliver Lange, Dr. Helmut Grubmuller, Dr. Attila Szabo, Dr.
Katja Lindenberg, and Dr. Michael Surh for discussions, and Ms. Yan Fu
for making Fig. 1(a). J.X. is supported by NSF (Grant No. DMS-0969417).
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044132
DI 10.1063/1.3530071
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600037
PM 21280712
ER
PT J
AU Sterling, NC
Esteves, DA
Bilodeau, RC
Kilcoyne, ALD
Red, EC
Phaneuf, RA
Aguilar, A
AF Sterling, N. C.
Esteves, D. A.
Bilodeau, R. C.
Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
Red, E. C.
Phaneuf, R. A.
Aguilar, A.
TI Experimental photoionization cross-section measurements in the ground
and metastable state threshold region of Se+
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GIANT BRANCH STARS; NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS; S-PROCESS ABUNDANCES;
PLANETARY-NEBULAE; IONS; SHELL; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; EVOLUTION; C2+
AB Absolute photoionization cross-section measurements are reported for Se+ in the photon energy range 18.0-31.0 eV, which spans the ionization thresholds of the S-4(3/2) ground state and the low-lying P-2(3/2,1/2) and D-2(5/2,3/2) metastable states. The measurements were performed using the Advanced Light Source synchrotron radiation facility. Strong photoexcitation-autoionization resonances due to 4p -> nd transitions are seen in the cross-section spectrum and identified with a quantum-defect analysis.
C1 [Sterling, N. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Esteves, D. A.; Phaneuf, R. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Esteves, D. A.; Bilodeau, R. C.; Kilcoyne, A. L. D.; Red, E. C.; Aguilar, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bilodeau, R. C.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
RP Sterling, NC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3248 Biomed Phys Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013;
OI Bilodeau, Rene/0000-0001-8607-2328
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC03-76SF-00098, DE-FG02-03ER15424];
NSF [AST-0901432]; NASA [06-APRA206-0049]; Advanced Light Source
FX We acknowledge support by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under contracts
DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC03-76SF-00098, and grant DE-FG02-03ER15424. NCS
acknowledges support from an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral
Fellowship under award AST-0901432 and from NASA grant 06-APRA206-0049.
DE acknowledges the support from the Doctoral Fellowship Program at the
Advanced Light Source. We thank Dr Jeff Keister from Brookhaven National
Laboratory and Dr Robert Vest from NIST for performing absolute
calibrations of the photodiodes.
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 2
AR 025701
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/44/2/025701
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 705ND
UT WOS:000286142100018
ER
PT J
AU Adaniya, H
Rudek, B
Osipov, T
Haxton, DJ
Weber, T
Rescigno, TN
McCurdy, CW
Belkacem, A
AF Adaniya, H.
Rudek, B.
Osipov, T.
Haxton, D. J.
Weber, T.
Rescigno, T. N.
McCurdy, C. W.
Belkacem, A.
TI Comment on "Imaging the Molecular Dynamics of Dissociative Electron
Attachment to Water" Reply
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Adaniya, H.; McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Adaniya, H.; Rudek, B.; Osipov, T.; Haxton, D. J.; Weber, T.; Rescigno, T. N.; McCurdy, C. W.; Belkacem, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rudek, B.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Adaniya, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RI Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013; Rudek, Benedikt/A-5100-2017
OI Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704;
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 049302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.049302
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713JF
UT WOS:000286733600003
ER
PT J
AU Yitamben, EN
Lovejoy, TC
Pakhomov, AB
Heald, SM
Negusse, E
Arena, D
Ohuchi, FS
Olmstead, MA
AF Yitamben, E. N.
Lovejoy, T. C.
Pakhomov, A. B.
Heald, S. M.
Negusse, E.
Arena, D.
Ohuchi, F. S.
Olmstead, M. A.
TI Correlation between morphology, chemical environment, and ferromagnetism
in the intrinsic-vacancy dilute magnetic semiconductor Cr-doped
Ga2Se3/Si(001)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LAYERED
SEMICONDUCTOR; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ZINCBLENDE; GA2CR1.33SE5; PARAMETERS;
DEPENDENCE; FILMS; SE
AB Chromium-doped gallium sesquiselenide, Cr:Ga2Se3, is a member of a new class of dilute magnetic semiconductors exploiting intrinsic vacancies in the host material. The correlation among room-temperature ferromagnetism, surface morphology, electronic structure, chromium concentration, and local chemical and structural environments in Cr:Ga2Se3 films grown epitaxially on silicon is investigated with magnetometry, scanning tunneling microscopy, photoemission spectroscopy, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Inclusion of a few percent chromium in Ga2Se3 results in laminar, semiconducting films that are ferromagnetic at room temperature with a magnetic moment >= 4 mu B/Cr. The intrinsic-vacancy structure of defected-zinc-blende beta-Ga2Se3 enables Cr incorporation in a locally octahedral site without disrupting long-range order, determined by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, as well as strong overlap between Cr 3d states and the Se 4p states lining the intrinsic-vacancy rows, observed with photoemission. The highest magnetic moment per Cr is observed near the solubility limit of roughly one Cr per three vacancies. At higher Cr concentrations, islanded, metallic films result, with a magnetic moment that depends strongly on surface morphology. The effective valence is Cr3+ in laminar films, with introduction of Cr-0 upon islanding. A mechanism is proposed for laminar films whereby ordered intrinsic vacancies mediate ferromagnetism.
C1 [Yitamben, E. N.; Lovejoy, T. C.; Olmstead, M. A.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yitamben, E. N.; Lovejoy, T. C.; Pakhomov, A. B.; Ohuchi, F. S.; Olmstead, M. A.] Univ Washington, Ctr Nanotechnol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Negusse, E.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Arena, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Ohuchi, F. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Heald, S. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yitamben, EN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM yitamben@uw.edu
OI Olmstead, Marjorie/0000-0003-4374-0976
FU NSF [DMR 0605601]; IBM Corporation; NSF through University of Washington
Center for Nanotechnology; US DOE [DOE DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 0605601. E.N.Y. further
acknowledges support from IBM Corporation, and T.C.L. from the
NSF-funded IGERT through the University of Washington Center for
Nanotechnology. The authors thank E. Rotenberg and T. Ohta for helpful
discussions and suggestions. Experiments were performed at the Advanced
Light Source (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) operated by the US
DOE under Contract No. DOE DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the National
Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported
by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the
Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratory) is supported by the
US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 4
AR 045203
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.045203
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 715PP
UT WOS:000286896700002
ER
PT J
AU Lindberg, RR
Kim, KJ
Shvyd'ko, Y
Fawley, WM
AF Lindberg, R. R.
Kim, K. -J.
Shvyd'ko, Yu.
Fawley, W. M.
TI Performance of the x-ray free-electron laser oscillator with crystal
cavity
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-SPACE ANALYSIS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; OPTICS
AB Simulations of the x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) oscillator are presented that include the frequency-dependent Bragg crystal reflectivity and the transverse diffraction and focusing using the two-dimensional FEL code GINGER. A review of the physics of Bragg crystal reflectors and the x-ray FEL oscillator is made, followed by a discussion of its numerical implementation in GINGER. The simulation results for a two-crystal cavity and realistic FEL parameters indicate similar to 10(9) photons in a nearly Fourier-limited, ps pulse. Compressing the electron beam to 100 A and 100 fs results in comparable x-ray characteristics for relaxed beam emittance, energy spread, and/or undulator parameters, albeit in a larger radiation bandwidth. Finally, preliminary simulation results indicate that the four-crystal FEL cavity can be tuned in energy over a range of a few percent.
C1 [Lindberg, R. R.; Kim, K. -J.; Shvyd'ko, Yu.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Fawley, W. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lindberg, RR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM lindberg@aps.anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 21
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-4402
J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC
JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 1
AR 010701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.14.010701
PG 13
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 715LM
UT WOS:000286886000001
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, S
Maltrud, M
Reagan, M
Moridis, G
Cameron-Smith, P
AF Elliott, Scott
Maltrud, Mathew
Reagan, Matthew
Moridis, George
Cameron-Smith, Philip
TI Marine methane cycle simulations for the period of early global warming
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHEASTERN BERING-SEA; WATER COLUMN; CONCENTRATION PROFILES;
HYDROTHERMAL PLUMES; HYDROCARBON SEEPS; OCEAN CIRCULATION; DISSOLVED
METHANE; ARCTIC-OCEAN; DEEP-OCEAN; OXIDATION
AB Geochemical environments, fates, and effects are modeled for methane released into seawater by the decomposition of climate-sensitive clathrates. A contemporary global background cycle is first constructed, within the framework of the Parallel Ocean Program. Input from organics in the upper thermocline is related to oxygen levels, and microbial consumption is parameterized from available rate measurements. Seepage into bottom layers is then superimposed, representing typical seabed fluid flow. The resulting CH4 distribution is validated against surface saturation ratios, vertical sections, and slope plume studies. Injections of clathrate-derived methane are explored by distributing a small number of point sources around the Arctic continental shelf, where stocks are extensive and susceptible to instability during the first few decades of global warming. Isolated bottom cells are assigned dissolved gas fluxes from porous-media simulation. Given the present bulk removal pattern, methane does not penetrate far from emission sites. Accumulated effects, however, spread to the regional scale following the modeled current system. Both hypoxification and acidification are documented. Sensitivity studies illustrate a potential for material restrictions to broaden the perturbations, since methanotrophic consumers require nutrients and trace metals. When such factors are considered, methane buildup within the Arctic basin is enhanced. However, freshened polar surface waters act as a barrier to atmospheric transfer, diverting products into the deep return flow. Uncertainties in the logic and calculations are enumerated including those inherent in high-latitude clathrate abundance, buoyant effluent rise through the column, representation of the general circulation, and bacterial growth kinetics.
C1 [Elliott, Scott; Maltrud, Mathew] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Reagan, Matthew; Moridis, George] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cameron-Smith, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Elliott, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM sme@lanl.gov
RI Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011; Reagan, Matthew/D-1129-2015
OI Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627; Reagan,
Matthew/0000-0001-6225-4928
FU U.S. Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office
of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology; DOE Office of Science
Biological and Environmental Research IMPACTS
FX The authors have been supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Natural Gas and
Petroleum Technology, and also by the DOE Office of Science Biological
and Environmental Research IMPACTS project for Abrupt Climate Change.
NR 82
TC 12
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 31
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 116
AR G01010
DI 10.1029/2010JG001300
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 713TO
UT WOS:000286760500001
ER
PT J
AU Lintner, NG
Frankel, KA
Tsutakawa, SE
Alsbury, DL
Copie, V
Young, MJ
Tainer, JA
Lawrence, CM
AF Lintner, Nathanael G.
Frankel, Kenneth A.
Tsutakawa, Susan E.
Alsbury, Donald L.
Copie, Valerie
Young, Mark J.
Tainer, John A.
Lawrence, C. Martin
TI The Structure of the CRISPR-Associated Protein Csa3 Provides Insight
into the Regulation of the CRISPR/Cas System
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE prokaryotic RNAi; Csx1; COG0640; COG4006; COG1517
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; MACROMOLECULAR
STRUCTURES; SULFOLOBUS-SOLFATARICUS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; DNA REPEATS;
H-NS; BINDING; PROKARYOTES
AB Adaptive immune systems have recently been recognized in prokaryotic organisms where, in response to viral infection, they incorporate short fragments of invader-derived DNA into loci called clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs). In subsequent infections, the CRISPR loci are transcribed and processed into guide sequences for the neutralization of the invading RNA or DNA. The CRISPR-associated protein machinery (Cas) lies at the heart of this process, yet many of the molecular details of the CRISPR/Cas system remain to be elucidated. Here, we report the first structure of Csa3, a CRISPR-associated protein from Sulfolobus solfataricus (Sso1445), which reveals a dimeric two-domain protein. The N-terminal domain is a unique variation on the dinucleotide binding domain that orchestrates dimer formation. In addition, it utilizes two conserved sequence motifs [Thr-h-Gly-Phe-(Asn/Asp)-Glu-X-4-Arg and Leu-X-2-Gly-h-Arg] to construct a 2-fold symmetric pocket on the dimer axis. This pocket is likely to represent a regulatory ligand-binding site. The N-terminal domain is fused to a C-terminal MarR-like winged helix turn helix domain that is expected to be involved in DNA recognition. Overall, the unique domain architecture of Csa3 suggests a transcriptional regulator under allosteric control of the N-terminal domain. Alternatively, Csa3 may function in a larger complex, with the conserved cleft participating in protein-protein or protein-nucleic acid interactions. A similar N-terminal domain is also identified in Csx1, a second CRISPR-associated protein family of unknown function. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lintner, Nathanael G.; Alsbury, Donald L.; Copie, Valerie; Lawrence, C. Martin] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Lintner, Nathanael G.; Alsbury, Donald L.; Copie, Valerie; Young, Mark J.; Lawrence, C. Martin] Montana State Univ, Thermal Biol Inst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Frankel, Kenneth A.; Tsutakawa, Susan E.; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Young, Mark J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol MB4, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Lawrence, CM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 103 CBB, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM lawrence@chemistry.montana.edu
OI Lawrence, Charles/0000-0002-5398-466X
FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0628732, MCB-0920312]; Department of
Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National
Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources; National
Institute of General Medical Sciences; Murdock Foundation; DOE
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Molecular Biosciences Program; National Science
Foundation at Montana State University [DGE 0654336]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (MCB-0628732
and MCB-0920312). Portions of this research were carried out at the
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, whose Structural Molecular
Biology Program is supported by the Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Biological and Environmental Research, the National Institutes of
Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology
Program, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The
Macromolecular Diffraction Laboratory at Montana State University
received support from the Murdock Foundation. The SIBYLS beamline and
Tainer group at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, is supported in part by the DOE program Integrated
Diffraction Analysis Technologies and the DOE program Molecular
Assemblies Genes and Genomics Integrated Efficiently under Contract
Number DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the DOE for Sulfolobus and microbial
complexes. N.G.L. was supported by fellowships from the Molecular
Biosciences Program and from the National Science Foundation IGERT
Program in Geobiological Systems (DGE 0654336) at Montana State
University.
NR 71
TC 28
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2836
EI 1089-8638
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 405
IS 4
BP 939
EP 955
DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.11.019
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 716IM
UT WOS:000286962300005
PM 21093452
ER
PT J
AU Krzakala, F
Ricci-Tersenghi, F
Sherrington, D
Zdeborova, L
AF Krzakala, Florent
Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Sherrington, David
Zdeborova, Lenka
TI No spin glass phase in the ferromagnetic random-field random-temperature
scalar Ginzburg-Landau model
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ISING-MODEL; CORRELATION INEQUALITIES
AB Krzakala, Ricci-Tersenghi and Zdeborova have recently shown that the random field Ising model with non-negative interactions and an arbitrary external magnetic field on an arbitrary lattice does not have a static spin-glass phase. In this communication we generalize the proof to a soft scalar spin version of the Ising model: the Ginzburg-Landau model with a random magnetic field and a random temperature parameter. We do so by proving that the spin glass susceptibility cannot diverge unless the ferromagnetic susceptibility does.
C1 [Krzakala, Florent] CNRS, F-75000 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent] ESPCI ParisTech, UMR Gulliver 7083, F-75000 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent; Sherrington, David; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krzakala, Florent; Sherrington, David; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, INFN Sez Roma 1, CNR IPCF,UOS Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Sherrington, David] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CEA Saclay, Inst Phys Theor, IPhT, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Krzakala, F (reprint author), CNRS, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75000 Paris, France.
EM lenka.zdeborova@cea.fr
RI Krzakala, Florent/D-8846-2012; Zdeborova, Lenka/B-9999-2014;
OI Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico/0000-0003-4970-7376
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8113
J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 4
AR 042003
DI 10.1088/1751-8113/44/4/042003
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 703GH
UT WOS:000285965900003
ER
PT J
AU Burch, N
Lehoucq, RB
AF Burch, Nathanial
Lehoucq, R. B.
TI Continuous-time random walks on bounded domains
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; BROWNIAN-MOTION; CALCULUS; BEHAVIOR
AB A useful perspective to take when studying anomalous diffusion processes is that of a continuous-time random walk and its associated generalized master equation. We derive the generalized master equations for continuous-time random walks that are restricted to a bounded domain and compare numerical solutions with kernel-density estimates of the probability-density function computed from simulations. The numerical solution of the generalized master equation represents a powerful tool in the study of continuous-time random walks on bounded domains.
C1 [Burch, Nathanial] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lehoucq, R. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Burch, N (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, 101 Weber Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM burch@math.colostate.edu; rblehou@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the US Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0045
EI 2470-0053
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 012105
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.012105
PN 1
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 713UT
UT WOS:000286763600006
PM 21405732
ER
PT J
AU Rosenthal, SJ
Chang, JC
Kovtun, O
McBride, JR
Tomlinson, ID
AF Rosenthal, Sandra J.
Chang, Jerry C.
Kovtun, Oleg
McBride, James R.
Tomlinson, Ian D.
TI Biocompatible Quantum Dots for Biological Applications
SO CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING; LIVING CELLS;
SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; LIVE CELLS; FLUORESCENCE
INTERMITTENCY; MONOVALENT STREPTAVIDIN; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; BIOTIN
LIGASE
AB Semiconductor quantum dots are quickly becoming a critical diagnostic tool for discerning cellular function at the molecular level. Their high brightness, long-lasting, size-tunable, and narrow luminescence set them apart from conventional fluorescence dyes. Quantum dots are being developed for a variety of biologically oriented applications, including fluorescent assays for drug discovery, disease detection, single protein tracking, and intracellular reporting. This review introduces the science behind quantum dots and describes how they are made biologically compatible. Several applications are also included, illustrating strategies toward target specificity, and are followed by a discussion on the limitations of quantum dot approaches. The article is concluded with a look at the future direction of quantum dots.
C1 [Rosenthal, Sandra J.; Chang, Jerry C.; Kovtun, Oleg; McBride, James R.; Tomlinson, Ian D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Rosenthal, Sandra J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Rosenthal, Sandra J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Rosenthal, Sandra J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Rosenthal, Sandra J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Fac, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Rosenthal, SJ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM sandra.j.rosenthal@vanderbilt.edu
RI McBride, James/D-2934-2012
OI McBride, James/0000-0003-0161-7283
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB003728-02, R01 EB003728, R01 EB003728-03, R01
EB003728-04, R01 EB003728-01, R01 EB003728-05, R01 EB003728-06]
NR 118
TC 174
Z9 176
U1 9
U2 142
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 50 HAMPSHIRE ST, FLOOR 5, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 1074-5521
EI 1879-1301
J9 CHEM BIOL
JI Chem. Biol.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 1
BP 10
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.11.013
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 723XI
UT WOS:000287540300006
PM 21276935
ER
PT J
AU Lelie, HL
Liba, A
Bourassa, MW
Chattopadhyay, M
Chan, PK
Gralla, EB
Miller, LM
Borchelt, DR
Valentine, JS
Whitelegge, JP
AF Lelie, Herman L.
Liba, Amir
Bourassa, Megan W.
Chattopadhyay, Madhuri
Chan, Pik K.
Gralla, Edith B.
Miller, Lisa M.
Borchelt, David R.
Valentine, Joan Selverstone
Whitelegge, Julian P.
TI Copper and Zinc Metallation Status of Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase
from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Transgenic Mice
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY;
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT COMPLEXES; MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE;
CU,ZN-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; SPINAL-CORDS; FAMILIAL ALS; MOUSE MODEL;
CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID
AB Mutations in the metalloenzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause one form of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and metals are suspected to play a pivotal role in ALS pathology. To learn more about metals in ALS, we determined the metallation states of human wild-type or mutant (G37R, G93A, and H46R/H48Q) SOD1 proteins from SOD1-ALS transgenic mice spinal cords. SOD1 was gently extracted from spinal cord and separated into insoluble (aggregated) and soluble (supernatant) fractions, and then metallation states were determined by HPLC inductively coupled plasma MS. Insoluble SOD1-rich fractions were not enriched in copper and zinc. However, the soluble mutant and WT SOD1s were highly metallated except for the metal-binding-region mutant H46R/H48Q, which did not bind any copper. Due to the stability conferred by high metallation of G37R and G93A, it is unlikely that these soluble SOD1s are prone to aggregation in vivo, supporting the hypothesis that immature nascent SOD1 is the substrate for aggregation. We also investigated the effect of SOD1 overexpression and disease on metal homeostasis in spinal cord cross-sections of SOD1-ALS mice using synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy. In each mouse genotype, except for the H46R/H48Q mouse, we found a redistribution of copper between gray and white matters correlated to areas of high SOD1. Interestingly, a disease-specific increase of zinc was observed in the white matter for all mutant SOD1 mice. Together these data provide a picture of copper and zinc in the cell as well as highlight the importance of these metals in understanding SOD1-ALS pathology.
C1 [Valentine, Joan Selverstone] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Whitelegge, Julian P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Lab, NPI Semel Inst, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Borchelt, David R.] Univ Florida, Dept Neurosci, Santa Fe Hlth Care Alzheimers Dis Res Ctr, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Bourassa, Megan W.; Miller, Lisa M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bourassa, Megan W.; Miller, Lisa M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Valentine, JS (reprint author), Box 951569,607 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM jsv@chem.ucla.edu; jpw@chem.ucla.edu
FU National Institutes of Health, NINDS [P01 NS049134-01]; United States
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of
Health Grant P01 NS049134-01 (NINDS).; We thank Alvin Acerbo, Dr.
Antonio Lanzirotti, Dr. Andreana Leskovjan, Randy Smith, and Dr. Ryan
Tappero for help with beamline X27A and with data analysis on tissue
cross-sections and Dr. Sadaf Sehati for editing and proofreading the
manuscript. The National Synchrotron Light Source is supported by the
United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 77
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 286
IS 4
BP 2795
EP 2806
DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.186999
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 709TM
UT WOS:000286464300045
PM 21068388
ER
PT J
AU Harada, Y
Li, H
Wall, JS
Li, HL
Lennarz, WJ
AF Harada, Yoichiro
Li, Hua
Wall, Joseph S.
Li, Huilin
Lennarz, William J.
TI Structural Studies and the Assembly of the Heptameric Post-translational
Translocon Complex
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGNAL SEQUENCE RECOGNITION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM;
PROTEIN-TRANSLOCATION; SEC PROTEINS; BINDING; CHANNEL; YEAST; RIBOSOME;
TRANSPORT; MEMBRANE
AB In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, some of the nascent chains can be post-translationally translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum through the heptameric post-translational translocon complex (post-translocon). This membrane-protein complex is composed of the protein-conducting channel and the tetrameric Sec62/63 complex. The Sec62/63 complex plays crucial roles in targeting of the signal recognition particle-independent protein substrate to the protein-conducting channel and in assembly of the post-translocon. Although the molecular mechanism of the post-translational translocation process has been well established, the structure of the post-translocon and how the channel and the Sec62/63 complex form the heptameric complex are largely uncharacterized. Here, we report a 20-angstrom resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the post-translocon. The purified post-translocon was found to have a mass of 287 kDa, which is consistent with the unit stoichiometry of the seven sub-units as determined by a cysteine labeling experiment. We demonstrated that Triton X-100 dissociated the heptameric complex into three subcomplexes identified as the trimeric translocon Sec61-Sbh1-Sss1, the Sec63-Sec71-Sec72 trimer, and the heterotetramer Sec62-Sec63-Sec71-Sec72, respectively. Additionally, a role of the sixth cytosolic loop of Sec61 in assembly of the post-translocon was demonstrated. Mutations of conserved, positively charged amino acid residues in the loop caused decreased formation of the post-translocon. These studies provide the first architectural description of the yeast post-translocon.
C1 [Lennarz, William J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Li, Hua; Wall, Joseph S.; Li, Huilin] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Lennarz, WJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM wlennarz@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [GM33185, GM74985]; Brookhaven National
Laboratory Laboratory-directed Research and Development [10-016];
Department of Energy
FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of
Health Grants GM33185 (to W. J. L.) and GM74985 (to H. L.). This work
was also supported by Brookhaven National Laboratory Laboratory-directed
Research and Development Grant 10-016 (to H. L.) and in part by the
Department of Energy.
NR 37
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 286
IS 4
BP 2956
EP 2965
DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.159517
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 709TM
UT WOS:000286464300059
PM 20826819
ER
PT J
AU Swiecki, M
Scheaffer, SM
Allaire, M
Fremont, DH
Colonna, M
Brett, TJ
AF Swiecki, Melissa
Scheaffer, Suzanne M.
Allaire, Marc
Fremont, Daved H.
Colonna, Marco
Brett, Tom J.
TI Structural and Biophysical Analysis of BST-2/Tetherin Ectodomains
Reveals an Evolutionary Conserved Design to Inhibit Virus Release
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY SOLUTION SCATTERING; COILED-COIL; MOLECULAR-GRAPHICS; HIV-1 RELEASE;
CELL-SURFACE; PROTEIN; DOMAIN; VPU; RESTRICTION; GLYCOPROTEIN
AB BST-2/tetherin is a host antiviral molecule that functions to potently inhibit the release of enveloped viruses from infected cells. In return, viruses have evolved antagonists to this activity. BST-2 traps budding virions by using two separate membrane-anchoring regions that simultaneously incorporate into the host and viral membranes. Here, we detailed the structural and biophysical properties of the full-length BST-2 ectodomain, which spans the two membrane anchors. The 1.6-angstrom crystal structure of the complete mouse BST-2 ectodomain reveals an similar to 145-angstrom parallel dimer in an extended alpha-helix conformation that predominantly forms a coiled coil bridged by three intermolecular disulfides that are required for stability. Sequence analysis in the context of the structure revealed an evolutionarily conserved design that destabilizes the coiled coil, resulting in a labile superstructure, as evidenced by solution x-ray scattering displaying bent conformations spanning 150 and 180 angstrom for the mouse and human BST-2 ectodomains, respectively. Additionally, crystal packing analysis revealed possible curvature-sensing tetrameric structures that may aid in proper placement of BST-2 during the genesis of viral progeny. Overall, this extended coiled-coil structure with inherent plasticity is undoubtedly necessary to accommodate the dynamics of viral budding while ensuring separation of the anchors.
C1 [Scheaffer, Suzanne M.; Brett, Tom J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Swiecki, Melissa; Fremont, Daved H.; Colonna, Marco] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Fremont, Daved H.; Brett, Tom J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Brett, Tom J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Allaire, Marc] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Brett, TJ (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Campus Box 8052,660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
EM tbrett@wustl.edu
OI Colonna, Marco/0000-0001-5222-4987
NR 58
TC 39
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 286
IS 4
BP 2987
EP 2997
DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.190538
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 709TM
UT WOS:000286464300062
PM 21084286
ER
PT J
AU Bruzewicz, DA
Checco, A
Ocko, BM
Lewis, ER
McGraw, RL
Schwartz, SE
AF Bruzewicz, Derek A.
Checco, Antonio
Ocko, Benjamin M.
Lewis, Ernie R.
McGraw, Robert L.
Schwartz, Stephen E.
TI Reversible uptake of water on NaCl nanoparticles at relative humidity
below deliquescence point observed by noncontact environmental atomic
force microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL-PARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SALT AEROSOLS; SURFACES;
ADSORPTION; MODEL; IMAGE; RECONSTRUCTION; NACL(100); LIQUIDS
AB The behavior of NaCl nanoparticles as a function of relative humidity (RH) has been characterized using non-contact environmental atomic force microscopy (e-AFM) to measure the heights of particles deposited on a prepared hydrophobic surface. Cubic NaCl nanoparticles with sides of 35 and 80 nm were found to take up water reversibly with increasing RH well below the bulk deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) of 75% at 23 degrees C, and to form a liquid-like surface layer of thickness 2 to 5 nm, with measurable uptake (> 2 nm increase in particle height) beginning at 70% RH. The maximum thickness of the layer increased with increasing RH and increasing particle size over the range studied. The liquid-like behavior of the layer was indicated by a reversible rounding at the upper surface of the particles, fit to a parabolic cross-section, where the ratio of particle height to maximum radius of curvature increases from zero (flat top) at 68% RH to 0.7 +/- 0.3 at 74% RH. These observations, which are consistent with a reorganization of mass on the solid NaCl nanocrystal at RH below the DRH, suggest that the deliquescence of NaCl nanoparticles is more complex than an abrupt first-order phase transition. The height measurements are consistent with a phenomenological model that assumes favorable contributions to the free energy of formation of a liquid layer on solid NaCl due both to van der Waals interactions, which depend partly upon the Hamaker constant, A(film), of the interaction between the thin liquid film and the solid NaCl, and to a longer-range electrostatic interaction over a characteristic length of persistence xi; the best fit to the data corresponded to A(film) = 1 kT and xi = 2.33 nm. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3524195]
C1 [Bruzewicz, Derek A.; Checco, Antonio; Ocko, Benjamin M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bruzewicz, Derek A.; Lewis, Ernie R.; McGraw, Robert L.; Schwartz, Stephen E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Bruzewicz, DA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Bldg 510-B, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM checco@bnl.gov
RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008
OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886 of the U.S. Department of Energy. We thank Susan Oatis
of Stony Brook University for advice on the synthesis apparatus, and
Hendrik Hansen-Goos and J. D. Wettlaufer of Yale University for helpful
discussions.
NR 51
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 39
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044702
DI 10.1063/1.3524195
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600105
PM 21280780
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, N
Kent, PRC
Bandura, AV
Kubicki, JD
Wesolowski, DJ
Cole, DR
Sofo, JO
AF Kumar, Nitin
Kent, Paul R. C.
Bandura, Andrei V.
Kubicki, James D.
Wesolowski, David J.
Cole, David R.
Sofo, Jorge O.
TI Faster proton transfer dynamics of water on SnO2 compared to TiO2
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TOTAL-ENERGY
CALCULATIONS; FORCE-FIELD PARAMETERS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD;
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; OXIDE SURFACES; HYDROGEN-BONDS; H2O ADSORPTION;
LIQUID WATER
AB Proton jump processes in the hydration layer on the iso-structural TiO2 rutile (110) and SnO2 cassiterite (110) surfaces were studied with density functional theory molecular dynamics. We find that the proton jump rate is more than three times faster on cassiterite compared with rutile. A local analysis based on the correlation between the stretching band of the O-H vibrations and the strength of H-bonds indicates that the faster proton jump activity on cassiterite is produced by a stronger H-bond formation between the surface and the hydration layer above the surface. The origin of the increased H-bond strength on cassiterite is a combined effect of stronger covalent bonding and stronger electrostatic interactions due to differences of its electronic structure. The bridging oxygens form the strongest H-bonds between the surface and the hydration layer. This higher proton jump rate is likely to affect reactivity and catalytic activity on the surface. A better understanding of its origins will enable methods to control these rates. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3509386]
C1 [Kumar, Nitin; Sofo, Jorge O.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Kent, Paul R. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Bandura, Andrei V.] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Kubicki, James D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wesolowski, David J.; Cole, David R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Sofo, Jorge O.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Sofo, JO (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM sofo@psu.edu
RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Sofo, Jorge/J-4415-2012; Bandura,
Andrei/I-2702-2013; Sofo, Jorge/B-4344-2014; Kumar, Nitin/M-5778-2014;
Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012
OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; Sofo, Jorge/0000-0003-4513-3694;
Bandura, Andrei/0000-0003-2816-0578; Sofo, Jorge/0000-0003-4513-3694;
Kumar, Nitin/0000-0002-1064-1659; Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy; Materials
Simulation Center; Penn State Center for Nanoscale Science (MRSEC-NSF);
Penn State Materials Research Institute facility
FX This work was supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences Research Program to Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, which is operated by UT Battelle, LLC under
Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This research used resources of the
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. A portion of this research (PRCK)
was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is
sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy. This work was also
supported in part by the Materials Simulation Center, a Penn State
Center for Nanoscale Science (MRSEC-NSF) and Penn State Materials
Research Institute facility.
NR 57
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044706
DI 10.1063/1.3509386
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600109
PM 21280784
ER
PT J
AU Xu, ZJ
Meakin, P
AF Xu, Zhijie
Meakin, Paul
TI Phase-field modeling of two-dimensional solute
precipitation/dissolution: Solid fingers and diffusion-limited
precipitation
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS-MEDIA; GROWTH-RATES; 3 DIMENSIONS; AGGREGATION; INTERFACE; FLUID;
FLOW; SIMULATION; STABILITY; TRACKING
AB Two-dimensional dendritic growth due to solute precipitation was simulated using a phase-field model reported earlier [Z. Xu and P. Meakin, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 014705 (2008)]. It was shown that diffusion-limited precipitation due to the chemical reaction at the solid-liquid interface has similarities with diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA). The diffusion-limited precipitation is attained by setting the chemical reaction rate much larger compared to the solute diffusion to eliminate the effect of the interface growth kinetics. The phase-field simulation results were in reasonable agreement with the analytical solutions. The fractal solid fingers can be formed in the diffusion-limited precipitation and have a fractal dimension measured d(f) = 1.68, close to 1.64, the fractal dimensionality of large square lattice DLA clusters. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3537973]
C1 [Xu, Zhijie] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Computat Math Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Meakin, Paul] Idaho Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Modeling & Simulat, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Meakin, Paul] Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Meakin, Paul] Inst Energy Technol, Multiphase Flow Assurance Innovat Ctr, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
RP Xu, ZJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Computat Math Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM zhijie.xu@pnl.gov
RI Xu, Zhijie/A-1627-2009
OI Xu, Zhijie/0000-0003-0459-4531
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Scientific Discovery;
Battelle Energy Alliance [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing Program. The
Idaho National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy
by the Battelle Energy Alliance under Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517.
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 4
AR 044137
DI 10.1063/1.3537973
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 715PY
UT WOS:000286897600042
PM 21280717
ER
PT J
AU Lay, EH
Shao, XM
AF Lay, Erin H.
Shao, Xuan-Min
TI High temporal and spatial-resolution detection of D-layer fluctuations
by using time-domain lightning waveforms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPORADIC-E LAYER; GRAVITY-WAVES; RADIO EMISSIONS; THUNDERSTORM;
IONOSPHERE; DISCHARGES; RESPONSES; FIELDS; MODEL
AB This paper presents a new method for probing ionospheric D-layer fluctuations with time-domain very-low and low-frequency (VLF/LF) lightning waveforms detected several hundred kilometers away from lightning storms. The technique compares the amplitude and the time delay between the direct ground wave and the first-hop ionospheric reflection of the lightning signal to measure the apparent D-layer reflectivity and height. This time-domain technique allows a higher time and spatial resolution measurement of the D-layer fluctuations compared to previously reported frequency-domain techniques. For a region near a nighttime thunderstorm, results demonstrate that the apparent reflectivity and height exhibit significant variation on spatial scales of tens of kilometers and over time periods of hours. The range of the reflectivity variation was observed as large as 100% away from the averaged reflectivity for some localized regions, and the height varies by as much as 5% (4 km). The time scales and propagation velocities of the fluctuations appear to be consistent with signatures of atmospheric gravity waves at D-layer altitudes, and the direction of the fluctuation propagation suggests that the gravity waves are originated from the storm. Superimposed on the fluctuations, a general decreasing trend (by similar to 4-8 km) in reflection height over the nighttime is observed. In some localized ionosphere regions, apparent splitting of the D-layer by 2-4 km is observed to last a short time period of about 10 min.
C1 [Lay, Erin H.; Shao, Xuan-Min] Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Lay, EH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM elay@lanl.gov
OI Lay, Erin/0000-0002-1310-9035
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory's Institute of Geophysics and Planetary
Physics; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project
[20110184ER]
FX This research was supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory's
Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Postdoctoral Mini-Grant
and in part by Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD)
project 20110184ER.
NR 27
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A01317
DI 10.1029/2010JA016018
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 713VC
UT WOS:000286764500003
ER
PT J
AU Ramanathan, A
Savol, AJ
Langmead, CJ
Agarwal, PK
Chennubhotla, CS
AF Ramanathan, Arvind
Savol, Andrej J.
Langmead, Christopher J.
Agarwal, Pratul K.
Chennubhotla, Chakra S.
TI Discovering Conformational Sub-States Relevant to Protein Function
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FREE-ENERGY LANDSCAPE; ENZYME CATALYSIS;
CYCLOPHILIN-A; ATOMIC FLUCTUATIONS; INTRINSIC DYNAMICS; CIS/TRANS
ISOMERIZATION; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; COMPONENT ANALYSIS;
FERROCYTOCHROME-C
AB Background: Internal motions enable proteins to explore a range of conformations, even in the vicinity of native state. The role of conformational fluctuations in the designated function of a protein is widely debated. Emerging evidence suggests that sub-groups within the range of conformations (or sub-states) contain properties that may be functionally relevant. However, low populations in these sub-states and the transient nature of conformational transitions between these sub-states present significant challenges for their identification and characterization.
Methods and Findings: To overcome these challenges we have developed a new computational technique, quasi-anharmonic analysis (QAA). QAA utilizes higher-order statistics of protein motions to identify sub-states in the conformational landscape. Further, the focus on anharmonicity allows identification of conformational fluctuations that enable transitions between sub-states. QAA applied to equilibrium simulations of human ubiquitin and T4 lysozyme reveals functionally relevant sub-states and protein motions involved in molecular recognition. In combination with a reaction pathway sampling method, QAA characterizes conformational sub-states associated with cis/trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerization catalyzed by the enzyme cyclophilin A. In these three proteins, QAA allows identification of conformational sub-states, with critical structural and dynamical features relevant to protein function.
Conclusions: Overall, QAA provides a novel framework to intuitively understand the biophysical basis of conformational diversity and its relevance to protein function.
C1 [Ramanathan, Arvind; Agarwal, Pratul K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Ramanathan, Arvind; Agarwal, Pratul K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Savol, Andrej J.; Chennubhotla, Chakra S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Savol, Andrej J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ Univ Pittsburgh Ph D Program, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Langmead, Christopher J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Dept Comp Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Ramanathan, Arvind; Langmead, Christopher J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Lane Ctr Computat Biol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Ramanathan, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM agarwalpk@ornl.gov; chakracs@pitt.edu
RI Ramanathan, Arvind/E-5388-2010
FU National Institutes of Health [1RC2GM093307]; NIH [T32 EB009403];
HHMI-NIBIB Interfaces Initiative; ORNLs Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD); U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725]; NSF
Teragrid; [R01 GM086238]
FX AR was supported by National Institutes of Health 1RC2GM093307 to CJL.
AJS was a predoctoral trainee supported by NIH T32 training grant T32
EB009403 as part of the HHMI-NIBIB Interfaces Initiative. PKA
acknowledges the support by ORNLs Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) funds and the computing time allocation from the
National Center for Computational Sciences (BIP003). ORNL is managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DEAC05-00OR22725. CSC was partially supported by R01 GM086238 (PI:
Bahar, Co-PI: Chennubhotla). CSC is grateful for the simulation time
allocated via startup allocation grant on NSF Teragrid. The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 82
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 17
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 1
AR e15827
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0015827
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 712JX
UT WOS:000286664100010
PM 21297978
ER
PT J
AU Temperton, B
Gilbert, JA
Quinn, JP
McGrath, JW
AF Temperton, Ben
Gilbert, Jack A.
Quinn, John P.
McGrath, John W.
TI Novel Analysis of Oceanic Surface Water Metagenomes Suggests Importance
of Polyphosphate Metabolism in Oligotrophic Environments
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PHOSPHATE ACQUISITION GENES; PROTEIN
FAMILIES; INORGANIC POLYPHOSPHATE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SARGASSO SEA;
MARINE-BACTERIA; GENOME SEQUENCE; FORCE DRIVES; PHOSPHORUS
AB Polyphosphate is a ubiquitous linear homopolymer of phosphate residues linked by high-energy bonds similar to those found in ATP. It has been associated with many processes including pathogenicity, DNA uptake and multiple stress responses across all domains. Bacteria have also been shown to use polyphosphate as a way to store phosphate when transferred from phosphate-limited to phosphate-rich media - a process exploited in wastewater treatment and other environmental contaminant remediation. Despite this, there has, to date, been little research into the role of polyphosphate in the survival of marine bacterioplankton in oligotrophic environments. The three main proteins involved in polyphosphate metabolism, Ppk1, Ppk2 and Ppx are multi-domain and have differential inter-domain and inter-gene conservation, making unbiased analysis of relative abundance in metagenomic datasets difficult. This paper describes the development of a novel Isofunctional Homolog Annotation Tool (IHAT) to detect homologs of genes with a broad range of conservation without bias of traditional expect-value cutoffs. IHAT analysis of the Global Ocean Sampling (GOS) dataset revealed that genes associated with polyphosphate metabolism are more abundant in environments where available phosphate is limited, suggesting an important role for polyphosphate metabolism in marine oligotrophs.
C1 [Temperton, Ben; Quinn, John P.; McGrath, John W.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Temperton, Ben] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England.
RP Temperton, B (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland.
EM btemperton@gmail.com
OI Temperton, Ben/0000-0002-3667-8302
FU Northern Ireland Department of Education and Learning
FX This work was supported by the Northern Ireland Department of Education
and Learning Programme for Government Studentship (www.delni.gov.uk).
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 70
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 29
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 1
AR e16499
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0016499
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 712JX
UT WOS:000286664100039
PM 21305044
ER
PT J
AU Fleming, DG
Arseneau, DJ
Sukhorukov, O
Brewer, JH
Mielke, SL
Schatz, GC
Garrett, BC
Peterson, KA
Truhlar, DG
AF Fleming, Donald G.
Arseneau, Donald J.
Sukhorukov, Oleksandr
Brewer, Jess H.
Mielke, Steven L.
Schatz, George C.
Garrett, Bruce C.
Peterson, Kirk A.
Truhlar, Donald G.
TI Kinetic Isotope Effects for the Reactions of Muonic Helium and Muonium
with H-2
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; ATOM
TRANSFER-REACTIONS; RATE CONSTANTS; HYDROGEN; APPROXIMATION; DYNAMICS;
TESTS
AB The neutral muonic helium atom may be regarded as the heaviest isotope of the hydrogen atom, with a mass of similar to 4.1 atomic mass units (H-4.1), because the negative muon almost perfectly screens one proton charge. We report the reaction rate of H-4.1 with H-1(2) to produce (HH)-H-4.1-H-1 + H-1 at 295 to 500 kelvin. The experimental rate constants are compared with the predictions of accurate quantum-mechanical dynamics calculations carried out on an accurate Born-Huang potential energy surface and with previously measured rate constants of H-0.11 (where H-0.11 is shorthand for muonium). Kinetic isotope effects can be compared for the unprecedentedly large mass ratio of 36. The agreement with accurate quantum dynamics is quantitative at 500 kelvin, and variational transition-state theory is used to interpret the extremely low (large inverse) kinetic isotope effects in the 10(-4) to 10(-2) range.
C1 [Fleming, Donald G.; Arseneau, Donald J.; Sukhorukov, Oleksandr] Univ British Columbia, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Fleming, Donald G.; Arseneau, Donald J.; Sukhorukov, Oleksandr] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Sukhorukov, Oleksandr] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
[Brewer, Jess H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Mielke, Steven L.; Truhlar, Donald G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Mielke, Steven L.; Truhlar, Donald G.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Schatz, George C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Garrett, Bruce C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Peterson, Kirk A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Fleming, DG (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
EM flem@triumf.ca; truhlar@umn.edu
RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Mielke, Steven/B-7533-2008; Truhlar,
Donald/G-7076-2015
OI Mielke, Steven/0000-0002-1938-7503; Truhlar, Donald/0000-0002-7742-7294
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of
Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Air Force
Office of Scientific Research
FX We thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for their
support of this work. Battelle operates the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory for DOE.
NR 33
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 44
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 331
IS 6016
BP 448
EP 450
DI 10.1126/science.1199421
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 712BB
UT WOS:000286635900049
PM 21273484
ER
PT J
AU Hess, M
Sczyrba, A
Egan, R
Kim, TW
Chokhawala, H
Schroth, G
Luo, SJ
Clark, DS
Chen, F
Zhang, T
Mackie, RI
Pennacchio, LA
Tringe, SG
Visel, A
Woyke, T
Wang, Z
Rubin, EM
AF Hess, Matthias
Sczyrba, Alexander
Egan, Rob
Kim, Tae-Wan
Chokhawala, Harshal
Schroth, Gary
Luo, Shujun
Clark, Douglas S.
Chen, Feng
Zhang, Tao
Mackie, Roderick I.
Pennacchio, Len A.
Tringe, Susannah G.
Visel, Axel
Woyke, Tanja
Wang, Zhong
Rubin, Edward M.
TI Metagenomic Discovery of Biomass-Degrading Genes and Genomes from Cow
Rumen
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIC LIQUIDS; PAN-GENOME; ONE-CELL; SWITCHGRASS; CELLULOSE; BACTERIAL;
BIOFUELS; TIME
AB The paucity of enzymes that efficiently deconstruct plant polysaccharides represents a major bottleneck for industrial-scale conversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels. Cow rumen microbes specialize in degradation of cellulosic plant material, but most members of this complex community resist cultivation. To characterize biomass-degrading genes and genomes, we sequenced and analyzed 268 gigabases of metagenomic DNA from microbes adherent to plant fiber incubated in cow rumen. From these data, we identified 27,755 putative carbohydrate-active genes and expressed 90 candidate proteins, of which 57% were enzymatically active against cellulosic substrates. We also assembled 15 uncultured microbial genomes, which were validated by complementary methods including single-cell genome sequencing. These data sets provide a substantially expanded catalog of genes and genomes participating in the deconstruction of cellulosic biomass.
C1 [Hess, Matthias; Sczyrba, Alexander; Egan, Rob; Chen, Feng; Zhang, Tao; Pennacchio, Len A.; Tringe, Susannah G.; Visel, Axel; Woyke, Tanja; Wang, Zhong; Rubin, Edward M.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Hess, Matthias; Sczyrba, Alexander; Egan, Rob; Chen, Feng; Zhang, Tao; Pennacchio, Len A.; Tringe, Susannah G.; Visel, Axel; Woyke, Tanja; Wang, Zhong; Rubin, Edward M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Tae-Wan; Chokhawala, Harshal; Clark, Douglas S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Clark, Douglas S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Schroth, Gary; Luo, Shujun] Illumina Inc, Hayward, CA 94545 USA.
[Mackie, Roderick I.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Mackie, Roderick I.] Univ Illinois, Energy Biosci Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Rubin, EM (reprint author), Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
EM emrubin@lbl.gov
RI Wang, Zhong/E-7897-2011; Hess, Matthias/B-1783-2012; Visel,
Axel/A-9398-2009
OI Visel, Axel/0000-0002-4130-7784
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH112];
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Energy Biosciences
Institute at the University of California, Berkeley
FX We thank J. Bristow, P. Hugenholtz, F. Warnecke, and K. Mavrommatis for
critical discussions and reading the manuscript. We acknowledge
technical support by the JGI production team, L. M. Sczyrba, M.
Harmon-Smith, J. Froula, J. Martin, C. Wright, A. Lipzen, J. Zhao, S.
Malfatti and Stefan Bauer. We thank P. D'Haeseleer for sequences
extracted from the CAZy database, Jonas Lovaas Gjerstad for the picture
of the fistulated cow, T. Shinkei, T. Yannarell, J. Kim and staff at the
Dairy Farm, Department of Animal Sciences for assistance with the
maintenance of the fistulated cows, nylon bag experiments and lab
procedures carried out at the University of Illinois. The work conducted
by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported in
part by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC02-05CH112 and U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231 (cow rumen metagenomics data analysis and
informatics). Supported by a research grant from the Energy Biosciences
Institute at the University of California, Berkeley (M.H.). Data are
available at the NCBI Short Read Archive under accession number
SRA023560 and GenBank accession numbers HQ706005-HQ706094. Complete data
can also be accessed through the Web site of the DOE Joint Genome
Institute (www.jgi.doe.gov).
NR 30
TC 455
Z9 486
U1 31
U2 247
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 28
PY 2011
VL 331
IS 6016
BP 463
EP 467
DI 10.1126/science.1200387
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 712BB
UT WOS:000286635900054
PM 21273488
ER
PT J
AU Sushko, PV
Shluger, AL
Joly, AG
Beck, KM
Hess, WP
AF Sushko, Peter V.
Shluger, Alexander L.
Joly, Alan G.
Beck, Kenneth M.
Hess, Wayne P.
TI Exciton-Driven Highly Hyperthermal O-Atom Desorption from Nanostructured
CaO
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; ALKALINE-EARTH OXIDES; CALCIUM-OXIDE;
MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; STIMULATED DESORPTION; SURFACE EXCITATION; IONIC
SURFACES; ELECTRON TRAPS; MGO; CRYSTALS
AB We report qualitatively new highly hyperthermal (HHT) oxygen atom emission from nanostructured CaO excited by 6.4 eV nanosecond laser pulses. The kinetic energy distribution of emitted O-atoms peaks at 0.7 eV, which is over 4 times greater than previously observed. Excitation of MgO and CaO nanostructures with UV laser pulses is known to result in thermal and hyperthermal emission of oxygen atoms when photons with energies above and below the band gap, respectively, are used. The highly energetic atomic desorption we observe, following bulk excitation, challenges the conventional view that bulk excitation can only induce thermal desorption. Using density functional theory and an embedded cluster method, we propose a mechanism for this HHT feature based on the interaction of surface holes with bulk excitons. These experimental and theoretical results suggest that specific atomic desorption mechanisms in wide-bandgap materials can be controlled by selective electronic excitation of not only the surface but also the bulk of these materials.
C1 [Joly, Alan G.; Beck, Kenneth M.; Hess, Wayne P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Sushko, Peter V.; Shluger, Alexander L.] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Sushko, Peter V.; Shluger, Alexander L.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Sushko, Peter V.; Shluger, Alexander L.] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Hess, WP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Sushko, Peter/F-5171-2013
OI Sushko, Peter/0000-0001-7338-4146
FU Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences, of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Royal Society
FX The authors thank A. M. Stoneham, N. G. Petrik, A. Lushchik, and Ch.
Lushchik for stimulating discussion. This work was supported by the
Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences, of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by
Battelle. P.V.S. is supported by the Royal Society. A portion of this
work has been performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy user facility operated by the
office of Biological and Environmental Research. We thank Dr. M. Henyk
for obtaining some of the data.
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 3
BP 692
EP 699
DI 10.1021/jp1078423
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 707SQ
UT WOS:000286306700014
ER
PT J
AU Kang, ZB
Kharzeev, DE
AF Kang, Zhong-Bo
Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
TI Quark Fragmentation in the theta Vacuum
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARITY VIOLATION; HOT QCD; ASYMMETRIES
AB QCD vacuum is a superposition of degenerate states with different topological numbers that are connected by tunneling (the theta vacuum). The tunneling events are due to configurations of gauge fields (e.g., the instantons) that induce local P-odd domains in Minkowski space-time. We study the quark fragmentation in this topologically nontrivial QCD background. We find that even though QCD globally conserves P and CP symmetries, two new kinds of P-odd fragmentation functions emerge. We study their experimental manifestations in dihadron production in e(+)e(-) collisions, and find two interesting dihadron correlations: the cos(phi(1) + phi(2)) correlation usually referred to as the Collins effect, and a P-odd similar to sin(phi(1) + phi(2)) correlation that vanishes in the cross section summed over many events, but survives on the event-by-event basis.
C1 [Kang, Zhong-Bo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kang, ZB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Kang, Zhongbo/P-3645-2014
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; RIKEN-BNL Research Center
FX We thank J. Liao, R. Millo, M. Grosse Perdekamp, J. Qiu, E. Shuryak, S.
Taneja, A. Vossen, and F. Yuan for helpful discussions. This work was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886) and RIKEN-BNL Research Center.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 042001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.042001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713JK
UT WOS:000286734100003
PM 21405322
ER
PT J
AU Gartia, MR
Bond, TC
Liu, GL
AF Gartia, Manas Ranjan
Bond, Tiziana C.
Liu, Gang Logan
TI Metal-Molecule Schottky Junction Effects in Surface Enhanced Raman
Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; SELF-ASSEMBLED
MONOLAYERS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ORGANIC/METAL INTERFACES; BENZENETHIOL
ADSORPTION; SILVER ELECTRODE; SPECTROSCOPY; PYRIDINE; SPECTRA
AB We propose a complementary interpretation of the mechanism responsible for the strong enhancement observed in surface enhanced raman scattering (SERS). The effect of a strong static local electric field due to the Schottky barrier at the metal-molecule junction on SERS is systematically investigated. The study provides a viable explanation to the low repeatability of SERS experiments as well as the Raman peak shifts as observed in SERS and raw Raman spectra. It was found that a strong electrostatic built-in field at the metal-molecule junction along specific orientations can result in 2-4 more orders of enhancement in SERS.
C1 [Gartia, Manas Ranjan; Liu, Gang Logan] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gartia, Manas Ranjan] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Bond, Tiziana C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Meso Micro & Nano Technol Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Liu, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM bond7@llnl.gov; loganliu@illinois.edu
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [AC52-07NA27344]; Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); DARPA SERS ST Fundamentals
FX This work is supported by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract No. AC52-07NA27344. We thank Prof. Nick Fang, Mechanical
Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, for
the valuable discussions and suggestions. We also acknowledge support by
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and DARPA SERS S&T
Fundamentals.
NR 107
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 3
BP 318
EP 328
DI 10.1021/jp1065083
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 707SO
UT WOS:000286306500012
PM 21189007
ER
PT J
AU Xie, HB
Johnson, JK
Perry, RJ
Genovese, S
Wood, BR
AF Xie, Hong-Bin
Johnson, J. Karl
Perry, Robert J.
Genovese, Sarah
Wood, Benjamin R.
TI A Computational Study of the Heats of Reaction of Substituted
Monoethanolamine with CO2
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZABLE CONTINUUM MODEL; CARBON-DIOXIDE ABSORPTION; AQUEOUS AMINE
SOLUTIONS; POWER-PLANTS; FLUE-GAS; CARBAMATE FORMATION; CAPTURE
TECHNOLOGY; PILOT-PLANT; PERFORMANCE; MEA
AB Various amines have been considered as materials for chemical capture of CO2 through liquid-phase reactions to form either carbamate or carbamic acid products. One of the main challenges in these CO2-amine reactions lies in tuning the heat of reaction to achieve the correct balance between the extent of reaction and the energy cost for regeneration. In this work, we use a computational approach to study the effect of substitution on the heats of reaction of monoethanolamine (MEA). We use ab initio methods at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level, coupled with geometries generated from B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) density functional theory along with the conductor-like polarizable continuum model to compute the heats of reaction. We consider two possible reaction products: carbamate, having a 2:1 amine:CO2 reaction stoichiometry, and carbamic acid, having a 1:1 stoichiometry. We have considered CH3, NH2, OH, OCH3, and F substitution groups at both the alpha- and beta-carbon positions of MEA. We have experimentally measured heats of reaction for MEA and both alpha- and beta-CH3-substituted MEA to test the predictions of our model. We find quantitative agreement between the predictions and experiments. We have also computed the relative basicities of the substituted amines and found that the heats of reaction for both carbamate and carbamic acid products are linearly correlated with the computed relative basicities. Weaker basicities result in less exothermic heats of reaction. Heats of reaction for carbamates are much more sensitive to changes in basicity than those for carbamic acids. This leads to a crossover in the heat of reaction so that carbamic acid formation becomes thermodynamically favored over carbamate formation for the weakest basicities. This provides a method for tuning the reaction stoichiometry from 2:1 to 1:1.
C1 [Xie, Hong-Bin; Johnson, J. Karl] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
[Xie, Hong-Bin; Johnson, J. Karl] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Perry, Robert J.; Genovese, Sarah; Wood, Benjamin R.] GE Global Res, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.
RP Johnson, JK (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
EM karlj@pitt.edu
RI Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013; Xie, Hong-Bin /N-9886-2016
OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003;
FU Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory
[DE-NT0005310]; agency of the United States Government
FX Calculations were performed at the University of Pittsburgh Center for
Simulation and Modeling. This material is based upon work supported by
the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, under
Award number DE-NT0005310. This report was prepared as an account of
work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the
United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their
employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal
liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed,
or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service
by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not
necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or
favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state
or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
NR 68
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 3
BP 342
EP 350
DI 10.1021/jp1081627
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 707SO
UT WOS:000286306500014
PM 21174422
ER
PT J
AU Hurst, SJ
Fry, HC
Gosztola, DJ
Rajh, T
AF Hurst, Sarah J.
Fry, H. Christopher
Gosztola, David J.
Rajh, Tijana
TI Utilizing Chemical Raman Enhancement: A Route for Metal Oxide
Support-Based Biodetection
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; GOLD
NANOCRYSTALS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; QUANTUM DOTS; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY;
MOLECULES; SERS
AB Raman scattering enhancement was observed in systems where different metal oxide semiconductors (TiO2, Fe2O3, ZrO2, and CeO2) were modified with enediol ligands. The intensity of Raman scattering was dependent on laser frequency and correlated with the extinction coefficient of the CT complex of the enediol ligands and nanoparticles. The mechanism of Raman enhancement was studied by varying both the chemical composition of the enediol ligand and the chemical composition (and crystal structure) of the nanoparticles. We found that the intensity of the Raman signal depends on the number of surface binding sites, electron density of the ligands, and their dipole moment. Changes in chemical composition caused variations in the intensity, frequency, and number of Raman bands observed. We also showed that Raman scattering is observed for the bioconjugated system, where a peptide is linked to the surface of the particle through a catechol linker, and further investigated the potential for such a system in the development of Raman-based in vivo and in vitro biodetection, cell labeling and imaging, and nanotherapeutic strategies.
C1 [Hurst, Sarah J.; Fry, H. Christopher; Gosztola, David J.; Rajh, Tijana] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rajh, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 440, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM shurst@anl.gov
RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011; Petrosko, Sarah/A-3606-2013
OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379;
FU Argonne National Laboratory; [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX S.J.H. is grateful to Argonne National Laboratory for a Director's
Postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors acknowledge Dr. Donald G. Graczyk,
an analytical chemist at Argonne National Laboratory, for assistance in
determining nanoparticle concentrations, and Dr. Jon A. Dieringer and
Prof. Richard P. Van Duyne at Northwestern University, Prof. Vladimiro
Mujica of Arizona State University, and Daniel Finkelstein-Shapiro of
Northwestern University for helpful discussions and experimental
assistance. This work was accomplished at the Center for Nanoscale
Materials (CNM) at Argonne National Laboratory. The submitted manuscript
has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National
Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 62
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 8
U2 71
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 3
BP 620
EP 630
DI 10.1021/jp1096162
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 707SQ
UT WOS:000286306700004
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Tsang, MB
Bazin, D
Coupland, D
Henzl, V
Henzlova, D
Kilburn, M
Lynch, WG
Rogers, AM
Sanetullaev, A
Sun, ZY
Youngs, M
Charity, RJ
Sobotka, LG
Famiano, M
Hudan, S
Shapira, D
O'Malley, P
Peters, WA
Chae, KY
Schmitt, K
AF Lee, Jenny
Tsang, M. B.
Bazin, D.
Coupland, D.
Henzl, V.
Henzlova, D.
Kilburn, M.
Lynch, W. G.
Rogers, A. M.
Sanetullaev, A.
Sun, Z. Y.
Youngs, M.
Charity, R. J.
Sobotka, L. G.
Famiano, M.
Hudan, S.
Shapira, D.
O'Malley, P.
Peters, W. A.
Chae, K. Y.
Schmitt, K.
TI Neutron spectroscopic factors of Ar-34 and Ar-46 from (p,d) transfer
reactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEI; MODEL; SCATTERING; SHELL
AB Single-neutron-transfer measurements using (p,d) reactions have been performed at 33 MeV per nucleon with proton-rich Ar-34 and neutron-rich Ar-46 beams in inverse kinematics. The extracted spectroscopic factors are compared to the large-basis shell-model calculations. Relatively weak quenching of the spectroscopic factors is observed between Ar-34 and Ar-46. The experimental results suggest that neutron correlations have a weak dependence on the asymmetry of the nucleus over this isotopic region. The present results are consistent with the systematics established from extensive studies of spectroscopic factors and dispersive optical-model analyses of Ca40-49 isotopes. They are, however, inconsistent with the trends obtained in knockout-reaction measurements.
C1 [Lee, Jenny; Tsang, M. B.; Bazin, D.; Coupland, D.; Henzl, V.; Henzlova, D.; Kilburn, M.; Lynch, W. G.; Rogers, A. M.; Sanetullaev, A.; Sun, Z. Y.; Youngs, M.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48864 USA.
[Lee, Jenny; Tsang, M. B.; Bazin, D.; Coupland, D.; Henzl, V.; Henzlova, D.; Kilburn, M.; Lynch, W. G.; Rogers, A. M.; Sanetullaev, A.; Sun, Z. Y.; Youngs, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48864 USA.
[Sun, Z. Y.] CAS, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Charity, R. J.; Sobotka, L. G.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Famiano, M.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Hudan, S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Shapira, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[O'Malley, P.; Peters, W. A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Chae, K. Y.; Schmitt, K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48864 USA.
RI Peters, William/B-3214-2012; Sun, Zhiyu/B-3922-2012; Lynch,
William/I-1447-2013
OI Peters, William/0000-0002-3022-4924; Sun, Zhiyu/0000-0002-7667-3178;
Lynch, William/0000-0003-4503-176X
NR 38
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JAN 27
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 014606
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014606
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 713RP
UT WOS:000286755400005
ER
PT J
AU Brunecky, R
Selig, MJ
Vinzant, TB
Himmel, ME
Lee, D
Blaylock, MJ
Decker, SR
AF Brunecky, Roman
Selig, Michael J.
Vinzant, Todd B.
Himmel, Michael E.
Lee, David
Blaylock, Michael J.
Decker, Stephen R.
TI In planta expression of A. cellulolyticus Cel5A endocellulase reduces
cell wall recalcitrance in tobacco and maize
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACIDOTHERMUS-CELLULOLYTICUS; CORN STOVER; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS;
CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; FERMENTABLE SUGARS; E1 ENDOGLUCANASE; CELLULASE;
TECHNOLOGIES; PRETREATMENT; GLUCOSE
AB The glycoside hydrolase family 5 endocellulase, E1 (Cel5A), from Acidothermus cellulolyticus was transformed into both Nicotiana tabacum and Zea mays with expression targeted to the cell wall under a constitutive promoter. Here we explore the possibility that in planta expression of endocellulases will allow these enzymes to access their substrates during cell wall construction, rendering cellulose more amenable to pretreatment and enzyme digestion. Tobacco and maize plants were healthy and developed normally compared with the wild type (WT). After thermochemical pretreatment and enzyme digestion, transformed plants were clearly more digestible than WT, requiring lower pretreatment severity to achieve comparable conversion levels. Furthermore, the decreased recalcitrance was not due to post-pretreatment residual E1 activity and could not be reproduced by the addition of exogenous E1 to the biomass prior to pretreatment, indicating that the expression of E1 during cell wall construction altered the inherent recalcitrance of the cell wall.
C1 [Brunecky, Roman; Selig, Michael J.; Vinzant, Todd B.; Himmel, Michael E.; Decker, Stephen R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Lee, David; Blaylock, Michael J.] Edenspace Syst Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA.
RP Brunecky, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 3323, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM roman.brunecky@nrel.gov
FU Department of Energy (DOE) Office of the Biomass Program; U.S.
Department of Agriculture-DOE Joint Program Biomass Research and
Development Initiative [DE-FG36-06G016107]
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of the
Biomass Program and by grant DE-FG36-06G016107 from the U.S. Department
of Agriculture-DOE Joint Program Biomass Research and Development
Initiative. E1 tobacco seed was provided by Sandra Austin-Phillips, and
E1 corn was provided by Mariam Sticklen.
NR 21
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 8
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1754-6834
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS
JI Biotechnol. Biofuels
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 4
AR 1
DI 10.1186/1754-6834-4-1
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 719IG
UT WOS:000287197700001
PM 21269444
ER
PT J
AU Le Roux, S
Martin, S
Christensen, R
Ren, Y
Petkov, V
AF Le Roux, Sebastien
Martin, Steve
Christensen, Randi
Ren, Yang
Petkov, Valeri
TI Three-dimensional structure of multicomponent
(Na2O)(0.35)[(P2O5)(1-x)(B2O3)(x)](0.65) glasses by high-energy x-ray
diffraction and constrained reverse Monte Carlo simulations
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM NA2O-B2O3-P2O5; PROGRAM; NMR
AB Experimental structure functions for (Na2O)(0.35)[(P2O5)(1-x)(B2O3)(x)](0.65) glasses, where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0, have been measured by high-energy x-ray diffraction up to wavevectors of 28 angstrom(-1) to obtain atomic pair distribution functions with high real space resolution. The experimental diffraction data have been used to guide constrained reverse Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional structure of the glasses. The resulting models show that the glasses exhibit a very complex atomic-scale structure that evolves from an assembly of chains of corner shared P(O)(4) tetrahedra for x = 0 to a network of B(O)(4) tetrahedra and planar B(O)(3) units for x = 1. In the glasses of intermediate composition (i.e. 0 < x < 1), P, B and oxygen atoms sit on the vertices of P(O)(4), B(O)(4) and B(O)(3) units mixed in various proportions. Sodium atoms are found to fill up the cavities in between the P/B-oxygen units in a more or less random manner. The new data can provide a firm structural basis for an explanation of the mixed glass former effect where a nonlinear behavior of Na ion conductivity is observed in the (Na2O)(0.35)[(P2O5)(1-x)(B2O3)(x)](0.65) glass system.
C1 [Le Roux, Sebastien; Petkov, Valeri] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Le Roux, Sebastien] Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, F-67034 Strasbourg 2, France.
[Martin, Steve; Christensen, Randi] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Le Roux, S (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, 230 Dow Sci, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
EM petkov@phy.cmich.edu
FU NSF DMR [0710564]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Work on the project was supported by NSF DMR grant 0710564. APS is
supported by DOE under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 3
AR 035403
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/23/3/035403
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 702UJ
UT WOS:000285921100009
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, HY
Weber, WJ
AF Xiao, H. Y.
Weber, W. J.
TI Pressure induced structural transformation in Gd2Ti2O7 and Gd2Zr2O7
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; WASTE FORM; HEAVY-IONS; PYROCHLORES; PLUTONIUM;
IMMOBILIZATION; ZIRCONATE; STABILITY; DISORDER; SOLIDS
AB Ab initio total energy calculations have been performed to study the phase stability of Gd2Ti2O7 and Gd2Zr2O7 pyrochlores over the pressure range from 0 to 60 GPa. Both compounds are unstable under pressure, and phase transformations to the defect-cotunnite structure are predicted. The phase transformation pressure of 43.6 GPa for Gd2Ti2O7 is considerably larger than the value of 13 GPa for Gd2Zr2O7, in good agreement with experiments. The decreased structural stability of Gd2Zr2O7 under pressure, relative to Gd2Ti2O7, is a consequence of the lower compressibility of the < Zr-O > bond and the higher compressibility of the < Gd-O > bond. In addition, the Gd 4f electrons are found to have only a small effect in determining the pressure induced phase transformation.
C1 [Xiao, H. Y.; Weber, W. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Weber, W. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Xiao, Haiyan/A-1450-2012; Weber, William/A-4177-2008
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-SC0001089]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research
FX This work was supported as part of the Materials Science of Actinides,
an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award
Number DE-SC0001089. We would like to thank Dr Fuxiang Zhang, University
of Michigan, for helpful discussion of the work. The theoretical
calculations were performed using the supercomputer resources at the
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national user facility
sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory.
NR 35
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 24
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 3
AR 035501
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/23/3/035501
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 702UJ
UT WOS:000285921100011
PM 21406867
ER
PT J
AU Yang, L
Peng, SM
Long, XG
Gao, F
Heinisch, HL
Kurtz, RJ
Zu, XT
AF Yang, L.
Peng, S. M.
Long, X. G.
Gao, F.
Heinisch, H. L.
Kurtz, R. J.
Zu, X. T.
TI Ab initio study of stability and migration of H and He in hcp-Sc
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID HELIUM-VACANCY CLUSTERS; METAL-TRITIUM SYSTEMS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD;
ALPHA-IRON; HYDROGEN; SCANDIUM; DEUTERIUM; MOTION; RESONANCE; CASCADES
AB Ab initio calculations based on density functional theory have been performed to determine the relative stabilities and migration of H and He atoms in hcp-Sc. The results show that the formation energy of an interstitial H or He atom is smaller than that of a corresponding substitutional atom. The tetrahedral (T) interstitial position is more stable than an octahedral (O) position for both He and H interstitials. The nudged elastic band method has been used to study the migration of interstitial H and He atoms in hcp-Sc. It is found that the migration energy barriers for H interstitials in hcp-Sc are significantly different from those for He interstitials, but their migration mechanisms are similar. In addition, the formation energies of five different configurations of a H-H pair were determined, revealing that the most stable configuration consists of two H atoms located at the second-neighbor tetrahedral interstitial sites along the hexagonal direction. The formation and relative stabilities of some small He clusters have also been investigated.
C1 [Yang, L.; Zu, X. T.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
[Peng, S. M.; Long, X. G.] China Acad Engn Phys, Inst Nucl Phys & Chem, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China.
[Gao, F.; Heinisch, H. L.; Kurtz, R. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Yang, L (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
EM yanglildk@uestc.edu.cn; fei.gao@pnl.gov
RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China-NSAF [10976007];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [ZYGX2009J040];
Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering
Physics [2009A0301015]; US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy
Science [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX L Yang and X T Zu are grateful for the support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China-NSAF (Grant No: 10976007) and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No:
ZYGX2009J040). S M Peng and X G Long are grateful for the support by the
Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering
Physics (Grant No: 2009A0301015). F Gao, H L Heinisch and R J Kurtz are
grateful for the support by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Fusion Energy Science, under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.
NR 38
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 3
AR 035701
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/23/3/035701
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 702UJ
UT WOS:000285921100012
PM 21406868
ER
PT J
AU Chung, YS
Shin, N
Kang, J
Jo, Y
Prabhu, VM
Satija, SK
Kline, RJ
DeLongchamp, DM
Toney, MF
Loth, MA
Purushothaman, B
Anthony, JE
Yoon, DY
AF Chung, Yeon Sook
Shin, Nayool
Kang, Jihoon
Jo, Youngeun
Prabhu, Vivek M.
Satija, Sushil K.
Kline, R. Joseph
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
Toney, Michael F.
Loth, Marsha A.
Purushothaman, Balaji
Anthony, John E.
Yoon, Do Y.
TI Zone-Refinement Effect in Small Molecule-Polymer Blend Semiconductors
for Organic Thin-Film Transistors
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; TRIETHYLSILYLETHYNYL ANTHRADITHIOPHENE;
FUNCTIONALIZED ACENES; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRONICS
AB The blend films of small-molecule semiconductors with insulating polymers exhibit not only excellent solution processability but also superior performance characteristics in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) over those of neat small-molecule semiconductors. To understand the underlying mechanism, we studied triethylsilylethynyl anthradithiophene (TESADT) with small amounts of impurity formed by weak UV exposure. OTFTs with neat impure TESADT had drastically reduced field-effect mobility (<10(-5) CM(2)/(V/s)), and a disappearance of the high-temperature crystal phase was observed for neat impure TESADT. However, the mobility of the blend films of the UV-exposed TESADT with poly(alpha-methylstyrene) (P alpha MS) is recovered to that of a fresh TESADT-P alpha MS blend (0.040 cm(2)/(V/s)), and the phase transition characteristics partly return to those of fresh TESADT films. These results are corroborated by OTFT results on "aged" TIPS-pentacene. These observations, coupled with the results of neutron reflectivity study, indicate that the formation of a vertically phase-separated layer of crystalline small-molecule semiconductors allows the impurity species to remain preferentially in the adjacent polymer-rich layer. Such a "zone-refinement effect" in blend semiconductors effectively removes the impurity species that are detrimental to organic electronic devices from the critical charge-transporting interface region.
C1 [Prabhu, Vivek M.; Satija, Sushil K.; Kline, R. Joseph; DeLongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chung, Yeon Sook; Shin, Nayool; Kang, Jihoon; Jo, Youngeun; Yoon, Do Y.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Loth, Marsha A.; Purushothaman, Balaji; Anthony, John E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Toney, Michael F.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Prabhu, VM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vprabhu@nist.gov; anthony@uky.edu; dyyoon@snu.ac.kr
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008
FU Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Program of the Brain Korea 21
Project; NIST Center for Neutron Research
FX We acknowledge the support of the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
Program of the Brain Korea 21 Project and the NIST Center for Neutron
Research. Portions of this research were carried out at the SSRL, a
national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
NR 20
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
BP 412
EP 415
DI 10.1021/ja108772q
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 724CF
UT WOS:000287553000008
PM 21155572
ER
PT J
AU Guney, DO
Koschny, T
Soukoulis, CM
AF Gueney, Durdu Oe.
Koschny, Thomas
Soukoulis, Costas M.
TI Surface plasmon driven electric and magnetic resonators for
metamaterials
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID RING RESONATORS; THIN-FILMS; WAVES; FREQUENCIES; POLARITONS; EXCITATION;
LIMITS
AB Using interplay between surface plasmons and metamaterials, we propose a different technique for novel metamaterial designs. We show that surface plasmons existing on thin metal surfaces can be used to "drive" nonresonant structures in their vicinity to provide new types of electric and magnetic resonators. These resonators strictly adhere to plasmon dispersion of the host-metal film. The operating frequency of the resultant metamaterials can be scaled to extremely high frequencies, otherwise not possible with conventional split-ring-resonator-based designs. Our approach opens possibilities for theory and experiment in the interface of plasmonics and metamaterials to harvest many potential applications of both fields combined.
C1 [Gueney, Durdu Oe.; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] US DOE, Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Gueney, Durdu Oe.; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Gueney, Durdu Oe.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 7110, Crete, Greece.
[Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] FORTH, Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Iraklion 7110, Crete, Greece.
RP Guney, DO (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM dguney@mtu.edu
RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008
FU US Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-AC02-07CH11358];
AFOSR under MURI [FA9550-06-1-0337]
FX Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy
(Basic Energy Sciences) under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work
was partially supported by AFOSR under MURI under Grant No.
FA9550-06-1-0337.
NR 27
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 4
AR 045107
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.045107
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 713YN
UT WOS:000286773400002
ER
PT J
AU Bousso, R
Freivogel, B
Leichenauer, S
Rosenhaus, V
AF Bousso, Raphael
Freivogel, Ben
Leichenauer, Stefan
Rosenhaus, Vladimir
TI Eternal inflation predicts that time will end
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID UNIVERSE
AB Present treatments of eternal inflation regulate infinities by imposing a geometric cutoff. We point out that some matter systems reach the cutoff in finite time. This implies a nonzero probability for a novel type of catastrophe. According to the most successful measure proposals, our galaxy is likely to encounter the cutoff within the next 5 x 10(9) years.
C1 [Bousso, Raphael; Leichenauer, Stefan; Rosenhaus, Vladimir] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bousso, Raphael; Leichenauer, Stefan; Rosenhaus, Vladimir] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bousso, Raphael; Leichenauer, Stefan; Rosenhaus, Vladimir] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bousso, Raphael] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
[Freivogel, Ben] MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Freivogel, Ben] MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Bousso, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics; National Science Foundation;
Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, fqxi
[RFP2-08-06]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We would like to particularly thank A. Brown and A. Guth for very
influential discussions. We also thank D. Berenstein, S. Shenker, L.
Susskind, and V. Vanchurin for helpful discussions. This work was
supported by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, by the
National Science Foundation, by the Institute for the Physics and
Mathematics of the Universe, fqxi under Grant No. RFP2-08-06, and by the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 36
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 2
AR 023525
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.023525
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 714IW
UT WOS:000286804300003
ER
PT J
AU Chirilli, GA
Szymanowski, L
Wallon, S
AF Chirilli, G. A.
Szymanowski, L.
Wallon, S.
TI Uncovering the triple Pomeron vertex from Wilson line formalism
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HIGH-ENERGY SCATTERING; COLOR GLASS
CONDENSATE; NONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTION; HEISENBERG SPIN MAGNETS; ABELIAN
GAUGE-THEORY; BFKL POMERON; DIPOLE PICTURE; UNITARITY CORRECTIONS;
SMALL-X
AB We compute the triple Pomeron vertex from the Wilson line formalism, including both planar and nonplanar contributions, and get perfect agreement with the result obtained in the Extended Generalized Logarithmic Approximation based on Reggeon calculus.
C1 [Chirilli, G. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chirilli, G. A.; Wallon, S.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, LPT, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Chirilli, G. A.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, CPHT, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Szymanowski, L.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Wallon, S.] Univ Paris 06, UPMC, Fac Phys, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
RP Chirilli, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU Polish Grant [N202 249235]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;
[ANR-06-JCJC-0084]
FX We warmly thank I. Balitsky for many inspiring discussions and comments.
We thank G. P. Korchemsky for claryfying us the derivation of formula
(2.1) in Ref. [32]. We also thank J. Bartels, L. N. Lipatov, S. Munier,
B. Pire, and G. P. Vacca for discussions. This work is partly supported
by the ANR-06-JCJC-0084 and by the Polish Grant No. N202 249235. G. A.
C. and L. S. thank the Institute for Nuclear Theory at the University of
Washington for its hospitality and the Department of Energy for partial
support during the completion of this work. G. A. C. thanks Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory for support at the last stage of this work.
NR 84
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 014020
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.014020
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713VR
UT WOS:000286766000002
ER
PT J
AU Nakajima, Y
Alcaraz-Aunion, JL
Brice, SJ
Bugel, L
Catala-Perez, J
Cheng, G
Conrad, JM
Djurcic, Z
Dore, U
Finley, DA
Franke, AJ
Giganti, C
Gomez-Cadenas, JJ
Guzowski, P
Hanson, A
Hayato, Y
Hiraide, K
Jover-Manas, G
Karagiorgi, G
Katori, T
Kobayashi, YK
Kobilarcik, T
Kubo, H
Kurimoto, Y
Louis, WC
Loverre, PF
Ludovici, L
Mahn, KBM
Mariani, C
Masuike, S
Matsuoka, K
McGary, VT
Metcalf, W
Mills, GB
Mitsuka, G
Miyachi, Y
Mizugashira, S
Moore, CD
Nakaya, T
Napora, R
Nienaber, P
Orme, D
Otani, M
Russell, AD
Sanchez, F
Shaevitz, MH
Shibata, TA
Sorel, M
Stefanski, RJ
Takei, H
Tanaka, HK
Tanaka, M
Tayloe, R
Taylor, IJ
Tesarek, RJ
Uchida, Y
Van de Water, R
Walding, JJ
Wascko, MO
White, HB
Yokoyama, M
Zeller, GP
Zimmerman, ED
AF Nakajima, Y.
Alcaraz-Aunion, J. L.
Brice, S. J.
Bugel, L.
Catala-Perez, J.
Cheng, G.
Conrad, J. M.
Djurcic, Z.
Dore, U.
Finley, D. A.
Franke, A. J.
Giganti, C.
Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.
Guzowski, P.
Hanson, A.
Hayato, Y.
Hiraide, K.
Jover-Manas, G.
Karagiorgi, G.
Katori, T.
Kobayashi, Y. K.
Kobilarcik, T.
Kubo, H.
Kurimoto, Y.
Louis, W. C.
Loverre, P. F.
Ludovici, L.
Mahn, K. B. M.
Mariani, C.
Masuike, S.
Matsuoka, K.
McGary, V. T.
Metcalf, W.
Mills, G. B.
Mitsuka, G.
Miyachi, Y.
Mizugashira, S.
Moore, C. D.
Nakaya, T.
Napora, R.
Nienaber, P.
Orme, D.
Otani, M.
Russell, A. D.
Sanchez, F.
Shaevitz, M. H.
Shibata, T-A.
Sorel, M.
Stefanski, R. J.
Takei, H.
Tanaka, H-K.
Tanaka, M.
Tayloe, R.
Taylor, I. J.
Tesarek, R. J.
Uchida, Y.
Van de Water, R.
Walding, J. J.
Wascko, M. O.
White, H. B.
Yokoyama, M.
Zeller, G. P.
Zimmerman, E. D.
CA SciBooNE Collaboration
TI Measurement of inclusive charged current interactions on carbon in a
few-GeV neutrino beam
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE PION-PRODUCTION; K2K SCIBAR DETECTOR; CROSS-SECTION;
ENERGY-RANGE; ABSORPTION; SCATTERING; SIMULATION; NUCLEI
AB We report a measurement of inclusive charged current interactions of muon neutrinos on carbon with an average energy of 0.8 GeV using the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam. We compare our measurement with two neutrino interaction simulations: NEUT and NUANCE. The charged current interaction rates (product of flux and cross section) are extracted by fitting the muon kinematics, with a precision of 6%-15% for the energy dependent and 3% for the energy integrated analyses. We also extract charged current inclusive interaction cross sections from the observed rates, with a precision of 10%-30% for the energy dependent and 8% for the energy integrated analyses. This is the first measurement of the charged current inclusive cross section on carbon around 1 GeV. These results can be used to convert previous SciBooNE cross-section ratio measurements to absolute cross-section values.
C1 [Nakajima, Y.; Hiraide, K.; Kubo, H.; Kurimoto, Y.; Matsuoka, K.; Nakaya, T.; Orme, D.; Otani, M.; Yokoyama, M.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Alcaraz-Aunion, J. L.; Jover-Manas, G.; Sanchez, F.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Zimmerman, E. D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cheng, G.; Djurcic, Z.; Franke, A. J.; Mahn, K. B. M.; Mariani, C.; Shaevitz, M. H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Brice, S. J.; Finley, D. A.; Kobilarcik, T.; Moore, C. D.; Russell, A. D.; Stefanski, R. J.; Tesarek, R. J.; White, H. B.; Zeller, G. P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Kurimoto, Y.; Tanaka, M.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Guzowski, P.; Taylor, I. J.; Uchida, Y.; Walding, J. J.; Wascko, M. O.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Hanson, A.; Katori, T.; Tayloe, R.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Hayato, Y.; Hiraide, K.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kamioka Observ, Gifu 5061205, Japan.
[Mitsuka, G.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Res Ctr Cosm Neutrinos, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
[Louis, W. C.; Mills, G. B.; Van de Water, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Metcalf, W.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Bugel, L.; Conrad, J. M.; Karagiorgi, G.; Katori, T.; McGary, V. T.; Tanaka, H-K.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Napora, R.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
[Dore, U.; Giganti, C.; Loverre, P. F.; Ludovici, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Dore, U.; Giganti, C.; Loverre, P. F.; Ludovici, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Nienaber, P.] St Marys Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Winona, MN 55987 USA.
[Kobayashi, Y. K.; Masuike, S.; Miyachi, Y.; Mizugashira, S.; Shibata, T-A.; Takei, H.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Catala-Perez, J.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Sorel, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
[Catala-Perez, J.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Sorel, M.] CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
RP Nakajima, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
RI Yokoyama, Masashi/A-4458-2011; Ludovici, Lucio/F-5917-2011; Gomez
Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Mariani, Camillo/J-6070-2015; Hiraide,
Katsuki/A-4479-2011; Sanchez, Federico/F-5809-2012;
OI Sorel, Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Van de Water,
Richard/0000-0002-1573-327X; Katori, Teppei/0000-0002-9429-9482;
Yokoyama, Masashi/0000-0003-2742-0251; Ludovici,
Lucio/0000-0003-1970-9960; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714;
Mariani, Camillo/0000-0003-3284-4681; Sanchez,
Federico/0000-0003-0320-3623; Wascko, Morgan/0000-0002-8348-4447; Louis,
William/0000-0002-7579-3709
FU Physics Department at Chonnam National University; Dongshin University;
Seoul National University; MEXT; JSPS (Japan); INFN (Italy); Ministry of
Science and Innovation and CSIC (Spain); STFC (UK); DOE; NSF (USA); JSPS
[19204026, 20674004, 18740145]; NSF
FX We acknowledge the Physics Department at Chonnam National University,
Dongshin University, and Seoul National University for the loan of parts
used in SciBar and the help in the assembly of SciBar. We wish to thank
the Physics Departments at the University of Rochester and Kansas State
University for the loan of Hamamatsu PMTs used in the MRD. We gratefully
acknowledge support from Fermilab as well as various grants and
contracts from the MEXT and JSPS (Japan), the INFN (Italy), the Ministry
of Science and Innovation and CSIC (Spain), the STFC (UK), and the DOE
and NSF (USA). This work was supported by MEXT and JSPS with the
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research A 19204026, Young Scientists S
20674004, Young Scientists B 18740145, Scientific Research on Priority
Areas "New Developments of Flavor Physics,'' and the global COE program
"The Next Generation of Physics, Spun from Universality and Emergence.''
The project was supported by the Japan/U.S. Cooperation Program in the
field of High Energy Physics and by JSPS and NSF under the Japan-U.S.
Cooperative Science Program.
NR 46
TC 60
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U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 012005
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.012005
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713VR
UT WOS:000286766000001
ER
PT J
AU Yang, SX
Fotso, H
Su, SQ
Galanakis, D
Khatami, E
She, JH
Moreno, J
Zaanen, J
Jarrell, M
AF Yang, S. -X.
Fotso, H.
Su, S. -Q.
Galanakis, D.
Khatami, E.
She, J. -H.
Moreno, J.
Zaanen, J.
Jarrell, M.
TI Proximity of the Superconducting Dome and the Quantum Critical Point in
the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We use the dynamical cluster approximation to understand the proximity of the superconducting dome to the quantum critical point in the two-dimensional Hubbard model. In a BCS formalism, T(c) may be enhanced through an increase in the d-wave pairing interaction (V(d)) or the bare pairing susceptibility (chi(0d)). At optimal doping, where Vd is revealed to be featureless, we find a power-law behavior of chi(0d)(omega = 0), replacing the BCS log, and strongly enhanced T(c). We suggest experiments to verify our predictions.
C1 [Yang, S. -X.; Fotso, H.; Su, S. -Q.; Galanakis, D.; Moreno, J.; Jarrell, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Su, S. -Q.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Khatami, E.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[She, J. -H.; Zaanen, J.] Leiden Univ, Inst Lorentz Theoret Phys, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
RP Yang, SX (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM shiquansu@hotmail.com
RI Moreno, Juana/D-5882-2012; Khatami, Ehsan/G-9565-2012; She,
Jian-Huang/B-1683-2013; Fotso, Herbert/I-4978-2014;
OI Fotso, Herbert F/0000-0001-7952-6256
FU NSF [DMR-0706379, OISE-0952300]; DOE Office of Science
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk
Onderzoek (NWO) via a Spinoza
FX We would like to thank F. Assaad, I. Vekhter, and E. W. Plummer for
useful conversations. This research was supported by NSF DMR-0706379 and
OISE-0952300. This research used resources of the National Center for
Computational Sciences (Oak Ridge National Lab), which is supported by
the DOE Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. J.-H.
She and J. Zaanen are supported by the Nederlandse Organisatie voor
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) via a Spinoza grant.
NR 19
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 26
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 047004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.047004
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713JP
UT WOS:000286734600001
PM 21405350
ER
PT J
AU Gu, CH
Riley, WJ
AF Gu, Chuanhui
Riley, William J.
TI Combined effects of short term rainfall patterns and soil texture on
soil nitrogen cycling - A modeling analysis (vol 112, pg 141, 2010)
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Gu, Chuanhui] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Water Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Riley, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gu, CH (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
EM cg8k@virginia.edu
RI Riley, William/D-3345-2015; Gu, Chuanhui/D-1781-2017
OI Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304; Gu, Chuanhui/0000-0003-3445-648X
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 119
IS 1-4
BP 113
EP 113
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.09.007
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 720KT
UT WOS:000287280300010
ER
PT J
AU Kacher, J
Robertson, IM
Nowell, M
Knapp, J
Hattar, K
AF Kacher, Josh
Robertson, I. M.
Nowell, Matt
Knapp, J.
Hattar, Khalid
TI Study of rapid grain boundary migration in a nanocrystalline Ni thin
film
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Abnormal grain growth; Pulsed laser deposited Ni; Electron microscopy;
Annealing
ID LASER DEPOSITED NICKEL; TRIPLE JUNCTIONS; ANNEALING TWINS; GROWTH
KINETICS; RECRYSTALLIZATION; STABILITY; MOBILITY; MICROSTRUCTURES;
SEMICONDUCTORS; SIMULATION
AB Grain boundary migration associated with abnormal grain growth in pulsed-laser deposited Ni was studied in real time by annealing electron transparent films in situ in the transmission electron microscope. The resulting texture evolution and grain boundary types produced were evaluated by ex situ electron backscatter diffraction of interrupted anneals. The combination of these two techniques allowed for the investigation of grain growth rates, grain morphologies, and the evolution of the orientation and grain boundary distributions. Grain boundaries were found to progress in a sporadic, start/stop fashion with no evidence of a characteristic grain growth rate. The orientations of the abnormally growing grains were found to be predominately < 1 1 1 >//ND throughout the annealing process. A high fraction of twin boundaries developed during the annealing process. The intermittent growth from different locations of the grain boundary is discussed in terms of a vacancy diffusion model for grain growth. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kacher, Josh; Robertson, I. M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Nowell, Matt] EDAX TSL, Draper, UT 84020 USA.
[Knapp, J.; Hattar, Khalid] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kacher, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM jkacherbyu@gmail.com
FU US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Science [DEFG-02-07ER46443]; U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Division
of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy at Sandia
FX The work at the University of Illinois (JK and IMR) was supported by the
US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Science, under award No. DEFG-02-07ER46443. The microscopy was
carried out in the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of
Illinois as well as at EDAX-TSL facilities in Draper, Utah. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for
the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. KH acknowledges support from the
Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy at Sandia.
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 55
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 528
IS 3
BP 1628
EP 1635
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.109
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 715RV
UT WOS:000286904300120
ER
PT J
AU Ding, MN
Tang, YF
Gou, PP
Reber, MJ
Star, A
AF Ding, Mengning
Tang, Yifan
Gou, Pingping
Reber, Michael J.
Star, Alexander
TI Chemical Sensing with Polyaniline Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID NONCOVALENT FUNCTIONALIZATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITANCE; CONDUCTING
POLYMERS; COAXIAL NANOWIRES; GAS SENSORS; COMPOSITES; ELECTRODES
AB A positive synergy: Single-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline (SWNT/PAni) nano-composite with controlled core/shell morphology is synthesized by a noncovalent functionalization approach. Unique electron interactions between the SWNT core and the PAni shell are studied electrochemically and spectroscopically, and superior sensor performance to chemical gases and vapors is demonstrated.
C1 [Star, Alexander] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
RP Star, A (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM astar@pitt.edu
RI Tang, Yifan/F-4275-2012; Star, Alexander/C-3399-2013; Ding,
Mengning/P-6354-2014
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [DE-FE000400]
FX This work was performed in support of ongoing research in sensor systems
and diagnostics at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL)
under URS contract DE-FE000400.
NR 34
TC 59
Z9 61
U1 3
U2 100
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 4
BP 536
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.201003304
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 717LP
UT WOS:000287045700011
PM 21254259
ER
PT J
AU White, CE
Provis, JL
Gordon, LE
Riley, DP
Proffen, T
van Deventer, JSJ
AF White, Claire E.
Provis, John L.
Gordon, Laura E.
Riley, Daniel P.
Proffen, Thomas
van Deventer, Jannie S. J.
TI Effect of Temperature on the Local Structure of Kaolinite Intercalated
with Potassium Acetate
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; GEOPOLYMER; MOLECULES; CLAY
AB Kaolinite intercalated with potassium acetate is of great interest in the areas of environmental remediation and industrial application; however, its exact atomic structure and the changes which occur when heated have remained largely elusive. Here, neutron pair distribution function analysis is used to investigate the local structural characteristics of this complex material, revealing that hydrated potassium acetate exists as a single layer in the interlamellar spacing of kaolinite. Furthermore, the potassium ions within the intercalated complex are most likely associated with the resonance structure of the acetate molecules, and upon heating (and decomposition of the carbon containing molecules), these ions become strongly associated with the negative charge located on the oxygen atoms in the alumina layers of dehydroxylated kaolinite. Several possible orientations of hydrated potassium acetate within the interlamellar spacing of kaolinite have been proposed and investigated using density functional modeling, revealing the complex nature of this material. Nevertheless, this investigation has shown that the dehydroxylated form of the intercalated compound contains highly strained alumina and available alkali (potassium), making it a viable alternative to traditional aluminosilicates.
C1 [White, Claire E.; Provis, John L.; Gordon, Laura E.; van Deventer, Jannie S. J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Riley, Daniel P.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Proffen, Thomas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Provis, JL (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM jprovis@unimelb.edu.au
RI White, Claire/A-1722-2011; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Provis,
John/A-7631-2008; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009
OI White, Claire/0000-0002-4800-7960; Provis, John/0000-0003-3372-8922;
Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031
FU Australian Research Council (ARC) via the Particulate Fluids Processing
Centre, a Special Research Centre of the ARC; Los Alamos National
Laboratory
FX This work was funded in part by the Australian Research Council (ARC;
including some funding via the Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, a
Special Research Centre of the ARC) and in part by a studentship paid to
Claire White by the Centre for Sustainable Resource Processing via the
Geopolymer Alliance. Travel funding for the experimental work conducted
at Los Alamos National Laboratory was provided through the ANSTO Access
to Major Research Facilities Program. We thank Dr. Hyunjeong Kim (LANL)
for assistance on the NPDF beamline. The PDF work was
NR 35
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 2
BP 188
EP 199
DI 10.1021/cm102648n
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 705TM
UT WOS:000286160800011
ER
PT J
AU Rosengarten, RD
Nicotra, ML
AF Rosengarten, Rafael D.
Nicotra, Matthew L.
TI Model Systems of Invertebrate Allorecognition
SO CURRENT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID ASCIDIAN BOTRYLLUS-SCHLOSSERI; COLONIAL HYDROID HYDRACTINIA;
PROTOCHORDATE HISTOCOMPATIBILITY LOCUS; ANEMONE METRIDIUM-SENILE;
SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION; TUNICATE BOTRYLLUS; GENE CONVERSION;
ANTHOPLEURA-ELEGANTISSIMA; INTRASPECIFIC AGGRESSION;
HISTO-INCOMPATIBILITY
AB Nearly all colonial marine invertebrates are capable of allorecognition - the ability to distinguish between self and genetically distinct members of the same species. When two or more colonies grow into contact, they either reject each other and compete for the contested space or fuse and form a single, chimeric colony. The specificity of this response is conferred by genetic systems that restrict fusion to self and close kin. Two selective pressures, intraspecific spatial competition between whole colonies and competition between stem cells for access to the germline in fused chimeras, are thought to drive the evolution of extensive polymorphism at invertebrate allorecognition loci. After decades of study, genes controlling allorecognition have been identified in two model systems, the protochordate Botryllus schlosseri and the cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. In both species, allorecognition specificity is determined by highly polymorphic cell-surface molecules, encoded by the fuhc and fester genes in Botryllus, and by the alr1 and alr2 genes in Hydractinia. Here we review allorecognition phenomena in both systems, summarizing recent molecular advances, comparing and contrasting the life history traits that shape the evolution of these distinct allorecognition systems, and highlighting questions that remain open in the field.
C1 [Rosengarten, Rafael D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94611 USA.
[Nicotra, Matthew L.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Thomas E Starzl Transplantat Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP Rosengarten, RD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94611 USA.
EM nicotraml@upmc.edu
OI Nicotra, Matthew/0000-0001-5361-8398
FU NSF [0818295]; NIH [R56AI079103-01]
FX We thank Leo Buss, Stephen Dellaporta, Fadi Lakkis, Anahid Powell, Erica
Westerman, and Erik Sperling for helpful comments and Tanya McKitrick
and Tony De Tomaso for images of Botryllus schlosseri. This work was
supported by NSF award 0818295 and NIH grant R56AI079103-01.
NR 125
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 20
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0960-9822
EI 1879-0445
J9 CURR BIOL
JI Curr. Biol.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP R82
EP R92
DI 10.1016/j.cub.2010.11.061
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 712QH
UT WOS:000286680800017
PM 21256442
ER
PT J
AU Varanasi, VG
Besmann, TM
Payzant, EA
Pint, BA
Lothian, JL
Anderson, TJ
AF Varanasi, V. G.
Besmann, T. M.
Payzant, E. A.
Pint, B. A.
Lothian, J. L.
Anderson, T. J.
TI High-growth rate YSZ thermal barrier coatings deposited by MOCVD
demonstrate high thermal cycling lifetime
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Yttria-stabilized zirconia; Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition;
Thermal barrier coating; Butoxide precursor; Aerosol-assisted liquid
delivery
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; ZRCL4-H2-CO2-AR
GAS-MIXTURES; TETRA-TERT-BUTOXIDE; THERMODYNAMIC APPROACH; OXIDATION
BEHAVIOR; BOND COATINGS; FILM GROWTH; THIN-FILMS; EB-PVD
AB Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coatings (TBC) were prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using Y(OBut(n))(3), Zr(OBut(n))(4) precursors and O-2 carrier gas. A thermodynamic analysis guided experiments by optimizing elemental molar (n) stoichiometric ratios for the (Zr-Y-O-C-H system). This analysis showed single-phase YSZ was favored at 950 degrees C, 1 kPa, n(O)/(n(Y)+ n(Zr))> 30, n(Y)/(n(Y) + n(Zr))= 0.06-0.10 (fixed n(C), n(H)). Experimental YSZ growth had multiple phases (fcc, monoclinic), had a relatively high growth rate (43 mu m/h, 1005 degrees C), had an Arrhenius dependence (845-950 degrees C, E-a = 53.8 +/- 7.9 kJ/mol), had columnar grains (SEM analysis), and had a coating through-thickness n(Y)/(n(Y)+ n(Zr))= 0.04 (EPMA analysis). Doubling the inlet yttrium precursor mole fraction resulted in fcc YSZ growth with a coating through-thickness n(y)/(n(y)+ n(Zr))=0.07. Hot-insertion thermal cycling of YSZ coatings on FeCrAlY bond coats showed >1000 h lifetime, matching current standards for EB-PVD YSZ coatings. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Varanasi, V. G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Besmann, T. M.; Payzant, E. A.; Pint, B. A.; Lothian, J. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat & Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Anderson, T. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Varanasi, VG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM venu.varanasi@ucsf.edu
RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009; Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008
OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060; Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335
FU Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; Assistant
Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle
Technologies
FX The authors would like to thank J. Henry, J. McLaughlin, K. Cooley, T.
Starr, W. Xu, S. Speakman, N. Kulkarni, for their discussions of this
project. The research was sponsored by the Office of Fossil Energy,
National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, under
contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. The XRD
characterization was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part
of the High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory.
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 528
IS 3
BP 978
EP 985
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.063
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 715RV
UT WOS:000286904300027
ER
PT J
AU Soulami, A
Choi, KS
Shen, YF
Liu, WN
Sun, X
Khaleel, MA
AF Soulami, A.
Choi, K. S.
Shen, Y. F.
Liu, W. N.
Sun, X.
Khaleel, M. A.
TI On deformation twinning in a 17.5% Mn-TWIP steel: A physically based
phenomenological model
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Stacking fault energy; Microtwins; TWIP steel; Dislocation;
Microstructure; Deformation mechanisms
ID STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; INDUCED PLASTICITY; DISLOCATION THEORY; HADFIELD
STEEL; BEHAVIOR; FCC; NANOCRYSTALLINE; MECHANISMS; TEXTURE; SINGLE
AB TWinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steel is a typical representative of the 2nd generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) which exhibits a combination of high strength and excellent ductility due to the deformation twinning mechanisms. This paper discusses the principal features of deformation twinning in faced-centered cubic austenitic steels and shows how a physically based macroscopic model can be derived from microscopic-level considerations. In fact, a dislocation-based phenomenological model, with internal state variables including dislocation density and micro-twins volume fraction describing the microstructure evolution during deformation process, is proposed to model the deformation behavior of TWIP steels. The originality of this work lies in the incorporation of a physically based model on twin nucleation and volume fraction evolution in a conventional dislocation-based approach. Microstructural level experimental observations with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques together with the macroscopic quasi-static tensile test, for the TWIP steel Fe-17.5 wt.% Mn-1.4 wt.% Al-0.56 wt.% C, are used to validate and verify the modeling assumptions. The model could be regarded as a semi-phenomenological approach with sufficient links between microstructure and the overall mechanical properties, and therefore offers good predictive capabilities. Its simplicity also allows a modular implementation in finite element-based metal forming simulations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Soulami, A.; Choi, K. S.; Liu, W. N.; Sun, X.; Khaleel, M. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Shen, Y. F.] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Anisotropy & Texture Mat MOE, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China.
RP Sun, X (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, POB 999,Mail Stop K7-90, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM xin.sun@pnl.gov
OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies
FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was funded by the Department of Energy
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive
Lightweighting Materials Program managed by Mr. William Joost. TEM work
presented in this paper was performed at EMSL (Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory) user facility at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory. The authors would like to acknowledge the help of Mr.
Ruifeng Wang for his help in the micrographs observations.
NR 31
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 528
IS 3
BP 1402
EP 1408
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.031
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 715RV
UT WOS:000286904300085
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, AS
Frick, CP
Clark, BG
Gruber, PA
Arzt, E
AF Schneider, A. S.
Frick, C. P.
Clark, B. G.
Gruber, P. A.
Arzt, E.
TI Influence of orientation on the size effect in bcc pillars with
different critical temperatures
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Micropillar compression; Bcc metals; Size effect; Screw dislocation
mobility
ID CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; SCALE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FLOW-STRESS; ACTIVATION
VOLUME; RATE SENSITIVITY; LENGTH SCALES; FCC METALS; COMPRESSION;
DEFORMATION; MOLYBDENUM
AB The size effect in body-centered cubic metals is comprehensively investigated through micro/nano-compression tests performed on focused ion beam machined tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo) and niobium (Nb) pillars, with single slip [2 3 5] and multiple slip [0 0 1] orientations. The results demonstrate that the stress-strain response is unaffected by the number of activated slip systems, indicating that dislocation-dislocation interaction is not a dominant mechanism for the observed diameter dependent yield strength and strain hardening. Furthermore, the limited mobility of screw dislocations, which is different for each material at ambient temperature, acts as an additional strengthening mechanism leading to a material dependent size effect. Nominal values and diameter dependence of the flow stress significantly deviate from studies on face-centered cubic metals. This is demonstrated by the correlation of size dependence with the material specific critical temperature. Activation volumes were found to decrease with decreasing pillar diameter further indicating that the influence of the screw dislocations decreases with smaller pillar diameter. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schneider, A. S.; Arzt, E.] INM Leibniz Inst New Mat, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
[Frick, C. P.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mech Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Clark, B. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Phys Chem & Nano Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Gruber, P. A.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Izbs Inst Reliabil Components & Syst, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Arzt, E.] Univ Saarland, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
[Schneider, A. S.] Max Planck Inst Met Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Schneider, AS (reprint author), INM Leibniz Inst New Mat, Campus D2 2, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
EM Andreas.schneider@inm-gmbh.de
RI Arzt, Eduard/B-5282-2008
NR 45
TC 31
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U1 1
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 528
IS 3
BP 1540
EP 1547
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.073
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 715RV
UT WOS:000286904300108
ER
PT J
AU Miller, GA
Strikman, M
Weiss, C
AF Miller, G. A.
Strikman, M.
Weiss, C.
TI Pion transverse charge density from timelike form factor data
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPACT PARAMETER SPACE; QUANTUM
CHROMODYNAMICS; COLOR-TRANSPARENCY; CROSS-SECTION; WAVE-FUNCTION; ONE
LOOP; ELECTROPRODUCTION; REGION; RADIUS
AB The transverse charge density in the pion can be represented as a dispersion integral of the imaginary part of the pion form factor in the timelike region. This formulation incorporates information from e(+)e(-) annihilation experiments and allows one to reconstruct the transverse density much more accurately than from the spacelike pion form factor data alone. We calculate the transverse density using an empirical parametrization of the timelike pion form factor and estimate that it is determined to an accuracy of similar to 10% at a distance b similar to 0.1 fm, and significantly better at larger distances. The density is found to be close to that obtained from a zero-width rho meson pole over a wide range and shows a pronounced rise at small distances. The resulting two-dimensional image of the fast-moving pion can be interpreted in terms of its partonic structure in QCD. We argue that the singular behavior of the charge density at the center requires a substantial presence of pointlike configurations in the pion's partonic wave function, which can be probed in other high-momentum transfer processes.
C1 [Miller, G. A.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Strikman, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Weiss, C.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Miller, GA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
FU U.S. DOE [DE-FGO2-97ER41014, DE-FGO2-93ER40771]; DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX G. A. M. acknowledges the hospitality of Jefferson Lab during the work
on this study. This work is supported by the U.S. DOE under Grants No.
DE-FGO2-97ER41014 and DE-FGO2-93ER40771. This work was supported by DOE
Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science
Associates, LLC, operates Jefferson Laboratory. The U. S. government
retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to
publish or reproduce this manuscript for U. S. Government purposes.
NR 57
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 013006
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.013006
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713VP
UT WOS:000286765800002
ER
PT J
AU Jang, H
Lee, JS
Ko, KT
Noh, WS
Koo, TY
Kim, JY
Lee, KB
Park, JH
Zhang, CL
Kim, SB
Cheong, SW
AF Jang, Hoyoung
Lee, J-S
Ko, K-T
Noh, W-S
Koo, T. Y.
Kim, J-Y
Lee, K-B
Park, J-H
Zhang, C. L.
Kim, Sung Baek
Cheong, S-W
TI Coupled Magnetic Cycloids in Multiferroic TbMnO3 and Eu3/4Y1/4MnO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; EXCHANGE SCATTERING; FERROELECTRICITY; POLARIZATION
AB Based on the detailed Mn L-2,L-3-edge x-ray resonant scattering results, we report a new complexity in the magnetic order of multiferroic orthomangnites, which has been considered as the simple A-type cycloid order inducing ferroelectricity. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction involved in the orthorhombic distortion brings on F-type canting from the A type, and the ordering type becomes the off-phase synchronized bc cycloid in TbMnO3 or the tilted antiphase ab cycloid in Eu3/4Y1/4MnO3. The F-type canting is responsible for the magnetic field-driven multiferroicity to weak ferromagnetism transition.
C1 [Jang, Hoyoung; Lee, J-S; Ko, K-T; Noh, W-S; Lee, K-B; Park, J-H; Kim, Sung Baek; Cheong, S-W] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Lee, J-S] NSLS Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Koo, T. Y.; Kim, J-Y; Lee, K-B; Park, J-H] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang Accelerat Lab, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Park, J-H] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Div Adv Mat Sci, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Zhang, C. L.; Cheong, S-W] Rutgers State Univ, R CEM, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Zhang, C. L.; Cheong, S-W] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kim, Sung Baek; Cheong, S-W] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, L PEM, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Kim, Sung Baek] Konyang Univ, Advancement Coll Educ Ctr, Chungnam 320711, South Korea.
RP Park, JH (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
EM jhp@postech.ac.kr
FU National Creative Initiative (cCCMR); WCU [R31-2008-000-10059-0]; MEST
[2010-00471]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46382]; POSTECH
FX We thank D. R. Lee, J. Koo, B. H. Kim, and S. Y. Park for useful
discussions. This work was supported by the National Creative Initiative
(cCCMR), WCU program (R31-2008-000-10059-0), and Leading Foreign
Research Institute Recruitment Program (2010-00471) through NRF funded
by MEST. The work at Rutgers was supported by the DOE Grant No.
DE-FG02-07ER46382. PAL is supported by POSTECH and MEST.
NR 30
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 047203
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.047203
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713KD
UT WOS:000286736000021
PM 21405356
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XH
Piao, SL
Ciais, P
Li, JS
Friedlingstein, P
Koven, C
Chen, AP
AF Wang, Xuhui
Piao, Shilong
Ciais, Philippe
Li, Junsheng
Friedlingstein, Pierre
Koven, Charlie
Chen, Anping
TI Spring temperature change and its implication in the change of
vegetation growth in North America from 1982 to 2006
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
SATELLITE DATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC TRENDS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOREST; BOREAL
AB Understanding how vegetation growth responds to climate change is a critical requirement for projecting future ecosystem dynamics. Parts of North America (NA) have experienced a spring cooling trend over the last three decades, but little is known about the response of vegetation growth to this change. Using observed climate data and satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 1982 to 2006, we investigated changes in spring (April-May) temperature trends and their impact on vegetation growth in NA. A piecewise linear regression approach shows that the trend in spring temperature is not continuous through the 25-year period. In the northwestern region of NA, spring temperature increased until the late 1980s or early 1990s, and stalled or decreased afterwards. In response, a spring vegetation greening trend, which was evident in this region during the 1980s, stalled or reversed recently. Conversely, an opposite phenomenon occurred in the northeastern region of NA due to different spring temperature trends. Additionally, the trends of summer vegetation growth vary between the periods before and after the turning point (TP) of spring temperature trends. This change cannot be fully explained by summer drought stress change alone and is partly explained by changes in the trends of spring temperature as well as those of summer temperature. As reported in previous studies, summer vegetation browning trends have occurred in the northwestern region of NA since the early 1990s, which is consistent with the spring and summer cooling trends in this region during this period.
C1 [Wang, Xuhui; Piao, Shilong] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Ciais, Philippe; Friedlingstein, Pierre] Univ Versailles St Quentin En Yvelines, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Unite Mixte Rech Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Natl Rech Sci,CE Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Li, Junsheng] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
[Friedlingstein, Pierre] Univ Bristol, Quantifying & Understanding Earth Syst QUEST, Dept Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Koven, Charlie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chen, Anping] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Piao, SL (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM slpiao@pku.edu.cn; lijsh@craes.org.cn
RI Chen, Anping/H-9960-2014; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; Friedlingstein,
Pierre/H-2700-2014
OI Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30970511, 82641955];
European Community [FP7/2007-2013]
FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grants 30970511 and 82641955) and the European Community's
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 24316.
NR 58
TC 143
Z9 168
U1 6
U2 136
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 108
IS 4
BP 1240
EP 1245
DI 10.1073/pnas.1014425108
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 711MD
UT WOS:000286594800011
PM 21220297
ER
PT J
AU Gu, BH
Bian, YR
Miller, CL
Dong, WM
Jiang, X
Liang, LY
AF Gu, Baohua
Bian, Yongrong
Miller, Carrie L.
Dong, Wenming
Jiang, Xin
Liang, Liyuan
TI Mercury reduction and complexation by natural organic matter in anoxic
environments
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hg-dissolved organic matter complex; environmental factors; methylation;
redox
ID DISSOLVED GASEOUS MERCURY; EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HUMIC
SUBSTANCES; REDUCING BACTERIA; MICROBIAL RESPIRATION; ESTUARINE
SEDIMENT; METHYLATION; HG(II); SOIL; SULFUR
AB Mercuric Hg(II) species form complexes with natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) such as humic acid (HA), and this binding is known to affect the chemical and biological transformation and cycling of mercury in aquatic environments. Dissolved elemental mercury, Hg(0), is also widely observed in sediments and water. However, reactions between Hg(0) and DOM have rarely been studied in anoxic environments. Here, under anoxic dark conditions we show strong interactions between reduced HA and Hg(0) through thiolate ligand-induced oxidative complexation with an estimated binding capacity of similar to 3.5 mu mol Hg/g HA and a partitioning coefficient >10(6) mL/g. We further demonstrate that Hg(II) can be effectively reduced to Hg(0) in the presence of as little as 0.2 mg/L reduced HA, whereas production of Hg(0) is inhibited by complexation as HA concentration increases. This dual role played by DOM in the reduction and complexation of mercury is likely widespread in anoxic sediments and water and can be expected to significantly influence the mercury species transformations and biological uptake that leads to the formation of toxic methylmercury.
C1 [Gu, Baohua; Bian, Yongrong; Miller, Carrie L.; Dong, Wenming; Liang, Liyuan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bian, Yongrong; Jiang, Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gub1@ornl.gov
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Miller, Carrie/B-8943-2012; Liang,
Liyuan/O-7213-2014; Dong, Wenming/G-3221-2015
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324; Dong,
Wenming/0000-0003-2074-8887
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy; Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We thank X. Yin for technical support and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the
Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy, as part of the Mercury Science Focus Area Program
at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is
managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 53
TC 85
Z9 94
U1 22
U2 135
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JAN 25
PY 2011
VL 108
IS 4
BP 1479
EP 1483
DI 10.1073/pnas.1008747108
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 711MD
UT WOS:000286594800052
PM 21220311
ER
PT J
AU Jaradat, S
Brimicombe, PD
Osipov, MA
Pindak, R
Gleeson, HF
AF Jaradat, S.
Brimicombe, P. D.
Osipov, M. A.
Pindak, R.
Gleeson, H. F.
TI A field-induced ferrielectric liquid crystal phase
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING
AB Understanding the structures and stability conditions of emerging liquid crystal (LC) phases brings us a step closer to the crucial understanding of delicate self-assembling nanoscale systems and the consequential impact on their macroscopic properties. We report experimental evidence and a theoretical model for a ferrielectric LC phase which has a three-layer repeat structure and is field-induced but exhibits a symmetry and electro-optical properties that are distinct from those of the known ferrielectric (SmC*(FI1)) phase. This discovery has implications for the ways in which LC phases are identified, and offers the potential for better control of ferroelectric LC devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3545847]
C1 [Jaradat, S.; Brimicombe, P. D.; Gleeson, H. F.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Osipov, M. A.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Math, Glasgow G1 1XH, Lanark, Scotland.
[Pindak, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Jaradat, S (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM helen.gleeson@manchester.ac.uk
FU EPSRC [EP/D069793/1]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX We thank M. Hird and J. W. Goodby for the materials, the EPSRC (Grant
No. EP/D069793/1) for funding, and the U.S. Department of Energy
(Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886) for supporting the use of NSLS.
NR 13
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 4
AR 043501
DI 10.1063/1.3545847
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 712OR
UT WOS:000286676600051
ER
PT J
AU Beiersdorfer, P
Obst, M
Safronova, UI
AF Beiersdorfer, P.
Obst, M.
Safronova, U. I.
TI Radiative decay probabilities of the (2s(2)2p(1/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=0) level
in neonlike ions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID FE-XVII; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; LABORATORY
MEASUREMENTS; COLLISION STRENGTHS; ENERGY-LEVELS; ATOMIC DATA; KR-XXVII;
TRANSITIONS; EXCITATION
AB The radiative decay rates of the (2s(2)2p(1/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=0) level in neonlike ions have been calculated for nuclear charges ranging from Z = 10 to Z = 110. The calculations include the magnetic dipole decay to the (2s(2)2p(3/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=1) level, which is shown to be the dominant decay branch in low-Z and very-high-Z ions, as well as the two-electron, one-photon decays to the (2s(2)2p(3/2)(5)3p(1/2))(J=1) and (2s(2)2p(3/2)(5)3p(3/2))(J=1) levels, which dominate near Z = 50. We also take into account a small magnetic quadrupole decay branch to the (2s(2)2p(3/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=2) level and calculate the total radiative lifetime of the (2s(2)2p(1/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=0) level. The resulting values span over 15 orders of magnitude, and much of this range is accessible with modern atomic lifetime measurement techniques. In particular, we calculate a value of 1.6 x 10(4) s(-1) for the radiative decay rate of the (2s(2)2p(1/2)(5)3s(1/2))(J=0) level in Fe XVII and show that the corresponding magnetic dipole transition has a measurable spectral intensity for electron densities below about 1 x 10(13) cm(-3).
C1 [Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Beiersdorfer, P.; Obst, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Obst, M.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Karl Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany.
[Obst, M.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNG06WF08I]; Deutscher Akademischer
Austauschdienst (DAAD)
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by NASA's Astronomy and Physics Research
and Analysis Program under Work Order No. NNG06WF08I. M. O. gratefully
acknowledges support from the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst
(DAAD).
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 012514
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.012514
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713LX
UT WOS:000286740600008
ER
PT J
AU Gamberg, L
Kang, ZB
AF Gamberg, Leonard
Kang, Zhong-Bo
TI Process dependent Sivers function and implication for single spin
asymmetry in inclusive hadron production
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Sivers function; Process-dependence; Single transverse spin asymmetry;
Inclusive hadron production
ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; POLARIZED
PROTON-BEAM; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HARD-SCATTERING; QUANTUM
CHROMODYNAMICS; ANALYZING POWER; DRELL-YAN; JETS; QCD
AB We study the single transverse spin asymmetries in the single inclusive particle production within the framework of the generalized parton model (GPM). By carefully analyzing the initial- and final-state interactions, we include the process-dependence of the Sivers functions into the GPM formalism. The modified GPM formalism has a close connection with the collinear twist-3 approach. Within the new formalism, we make predictions for inclusive pi(0) and direct photon productions at RHIC energies. We find the predictions are opposite to those in the conventional GPM approach. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gamberg, Leonard] Penn State Berks, Div Sci, Reading, PA 19610 USA.
[Kang, Zhong-Bo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Gamberg, L (reprint author), Penn State Berks, Div Sci, Reading, PA 19610 USA.
EM lpg10@psu.edu; zkang@bnl.gov
RI Kang, Zhongbo/P-3645-2014
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER41460, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; RIKEN,
Brookhaven National Laboratory
FX We are grateful to M. Anselmino, U. D'Alesio, A. Metz, P. Mulders, F.
Murgia, J.W. Qiu, W. Vogelsang, F. Yuan and J. Zhou for useful
discussions and comments. L.G. acknowledges support from U.S. Department
of Energy under contract DE-FG02-07ER41460. Z.K. is grateful to RIKEN,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the U.S. Department of Energy
(Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886) for supporting this work.
NR 65
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 1-2
BP 109
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.066
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713BB
UT WOS:000286708900018
ER
PT J
AU Lazarevic, N
Popovic, ZV
Hu, RW
Petrovic, C
AF Lazarevic, N.
Popovic, Z. V.
Hu, Rongwei
Petrovic, C.
TI Evidence of coupling between phonons and charge-density waves in ErTe3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENT; OPTICAL PHONONS; RETE3 RE
AB The vibrational properties of ErTe3 were investigated using Raman spectroscopy and were analyzed on the basis of peculiarities of the RTe3 crystal structure. Four Raman active modes for the undistorted structure, predicted by factor-group analysis, are experimentally observed and assigned according to diperiodic symmetry of the ErTe3 layer. By analyzing temperature dependence of the Raman mode energy and intensity, we have provided clear evidence that all Raman modes, active in the normal phase, are coupled to the charge-density waves. In addition, new modes have been observed in the distorted state.
C1 [Lazarevic, N.; Popovic, Z. V.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Ctr Solid State Phys & New Mat, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
[Hu, Rongwei; Petrovic, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Lazarevic, N (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Ctr Solid State Phys & New Mat, Pregrev 118, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
RI Lazarevic, Nenad/C-3254-2012; Hu, Rongwei/E-7128-2012; Petrovic,
Cedomir/A-8789-2009
OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881
FU Serbian Ministry of Science and Technological Development [141047,
ON171032, III45018]
FX This work was supported by the Serbian Ministry of Science and
Technological Development under Project No. 141047, No. ON171032, and
No. III45018. Part of this work was carried out at the Brookhaven
National Laboratory, which is operated for the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy, by Brookhaven Science Associates
(DE-Ac02-98CH10886).
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 2
AR 024302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.024302
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 713QD
UT WOS:000286751600005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, K
Miller, N
Iwamoto, R
Yamaguchi, T
Mayer, MA
Araki, T
Nanishi, Y
Yu, KM
Haller, EE
Walukiewicz, W
Ager, JW
AF Wang, K.
Miller, N.
Iwamoto, R.
Yamaguchi, T.
Mayer, M. A.
Araki, T.
Nanishi, Y.
Yu, K. M.
Haller, E. E.
Walukiewicz, W.
Ager, J. W., III
TI Mg doped InN and confirmation of free holes in InN
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report a systematic investigation on Mg doped InN epilayers grown by radio-frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Electrolyte capacitance voltage (ECV) combined with thermopower measurements find p-type conduction over an Mg concentration range. For InN:Mg in this p-type "window" the Seebeck coefficients dramatically change their signs from negative to positive when the thickness of undoped InN interlayer decreases to zero. This notable sign change of Seebeck coefficient explains the previous inconsistency between ECV and thermopower results and confirms the existence of mobile holes in the InN:Mg. Taking into account the undoped InN interlayer, the hole density and mobility are extracted. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3543625]
C1 [Wang, K.; Yamaguchi, T.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Res Org Sci & Engn, Shiga 5258577, Japan.
[Miller, N.; Mayer, M. A.; Haller, E. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Miller, N.; Mayer, M. A.; Yu, K. M.; Haller, E. E.; Walukiewicz, W.; Ager, J. W., III] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Iwamoto, R.; Araki, T.; Nanishi, Y.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Dept Photon, Shiga 5258577, Japan.
[Nanishi, Y.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, WCU Hybrid Mat Program, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
RP Wang, K (reprint author), Ritsumeikan Univ, Res Org Sci & Engn, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Shiga 5258577, Japan.
EM kewang@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp
RI Wang, Ke/D-8883-2012; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012;
OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751
FU MEXT [18069012, 21246004]; WCU through National Research Foundation of
Korea [R31-2008-000-10075-0]; JSPS; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Defense Science
and Engineering Graduate Fellowships
FX This work was supported by the MEXT through Grant-in Aids for Scientific
Research in Priority Areas "Optoelectronics Frontier by Nitride
Semiconductor" No. 18069012 and Scientific Research (A) No. 21246004,
and WCU program through National Research Foundation of Korea (No.
R31-2008-000-10075-0). K.W. acknowledges financial support from JSPS.
The work performed at LBNL was supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy (No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231). N.M. and M.A.M. were supported by the National
Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowships.
NR 19
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 4
AR 042104
DI 10.1063/1.3543625
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 712OR
UT WOS:000286676600021
ER
PT J
AU Caciagli, N
Brenan, JM
McDonough, WF
Phinney, D
AF Caciagli, N.
Brenan, J. M.
McDonough, W. F.
Phinney, D.
TI Mineral-fluid partitioning of lithium and implications for slab-mantle
interaction
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium; Clinopyroxene; Olivine; Plagioclase; Partitioning; Isotopic
fractionation
ID ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; TRACE-ELEMENTS; PERIDOTITE XENOLITHS; SUBDUCTION
ZONES; HIGH-PRESSURE; LITHOSPHERIC MANTLE; OROGENIC ECLOGITES; AQUEOUS
FLUIDS; OCEANIC-CRUST; OXYGEN BUFFER
AB Measurements of the partitioning of lithium between clinopyroxene, olivine, plagioclase and hydrous fluid at 800-1100 degrees C and 1 GPa indicate this element is mildly incompatible in the solid relative to the fluid phase, similar to mineral-melt systems. Both clinopyroxene- and olivine-fluid partitioning decrease with increasing temperature (T, K) by the relations:
In D(Li)(cpx)/fluid = -7.3(+/- 0.5) + (7.0(+/- 0.7) * 1000/T) and
InD(Li)(ol/)fluid = -6(+/- 2) + (6 (+/- 2) * 1000 / T).
The lithium partition coefficients increase with pyroxene Al(2)O(3) content and olivine FeO content, and decrease with plagioclase An content. Isotopic fractionation between clinopyroxene and fluid, Delta Li(cpx-fluid), between 900 and 1100 degrees C ranges from -0.3 to -3.5 parts per thousand (+/- 1.4 parts per thousand).
Quantitative modeling of the evolution of lithium concentration and isotopic composition in slab-derived fluids during transport to the arc melt source indicate that fluids migrating by porous flow rapidly exchange lithium with the mantle, effectively buffering the fluid composition close to ambient mantle values, and rapidly attenuating the slab lithium signature. Fluid transport mechanisms involving fracture flow would be required to propagate a slab-like lithium signature (both elemental and isotopic) from the slab to the melt source of island arc basalts. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Caciagli, N.; Brenan, J. M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
[McDonough, W. F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Phinney, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Caciagli, N (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, 22 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
EM ncaciagli@mac.com
RI McDonough, William/C-4791-2009; McDonough, William/I-7720-2012
OI McDonough, William/0000-0001-9154-3673; McDonough,
William/0000-0001-9154-3673
FU NSERC; Ontario Postgraduate Fellowship; OGSST J.J. Fawcett Scholarship;
NSF [EAR 0609689]
FX This work was supported by the NSERC Postgraduate Fellowship, Ontario
Postgraduate Fellowship and the OGSST J.J. Fawcett Scholarship awarded
to N.C and the NSERC equipment and operating funding to J.B. and NSF
grant EAR 0609689 to W.F.M. We thank Dr. Ian Hutcheon and Dr. Rick
Ryerson for the access to and assistance with the SIMS at LLNL.
NR 79
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 280
IS 3-4
BP 384
EP 398
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.11.025
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 716HM
UT WOS:000286959700012
ER
PT J
AU Williams, W
Lu, ZT
Rudinger, K
Xu, CY
Yokochi, R
Mueller, P
AF Williams, W.
Lu, Z. -T.
Rudinger, K.
Xu, C. -Y.
Yokochi, R.
Mueller, P.
TI Spectroscopic study of the cycling transition 4s[3/2](2)-4p[5/2](3) at
811.8 nm in Ar-39: Hyperfine structure and isotope shift
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOOPTICAL TRAP; KR-81; ARGON
AB Doppler-free saturated absorption spectroscopy is performed on an enriched radioactive Ar-39 sample. The spectrum of the 3s(2)3p(5)4s[3/2](2)-3s(2)3p(5)4p[5/2](3) cycling transition at 811.8 nm is recorded, and its isotope shift between Ar-39 and Ar-40 is derived. The hyperfine coupling constants A and B for both the 4s[3/2](2) and 4p[5/2](3) energy levels in Ar-39 are also determined. The results partially disagree with a recently published measurement of the same transition. Based on earlier measurements as well as the current work, the isotope shift and hyperfine structure of the corresponding transition in Ar-37 are also calculated. These spectroscopic data are essential for the realization of laser trapping and cooling of Ar-37,Ar-39.
C1 [Williams, W.; Lu, Z. -T.; Rudinger, K.; Xu, C. -Y.; Mueller, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lu, Z. -T.; Rudinger, K.; Xu, C. -Y.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lu, Z. -T.; Rudinger, K.; Xu, C. -Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Enrico Fermi Inst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Yokochi, R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RP Williams, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wwilliams@phy.anl.gov; pmueller@anl.gov
RI Mueller, Peter/E-4408-2011; Xu, Chen-Yu/E-5782-2011
OI Mueller, Peter/0000-0002-8544-8191;
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We would like to thank the Oregon State University Radiation Center for
support in generating the enriched sample. We would like to thank Kevin
Bailey, John Greene, and Thomas O'Connor for technical support. This
work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear
Physics under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 012512
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.012512
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713LX
UT WOS:000286740600006
ER
PT J
AU Calvo-Munoz, EM
Selvan, ME
Xiong, RC
Ojha, M
Keffer, DJ
Nicholson, DM
Egami, T
AF Calvo-Munoz, Elisa M.
Selvan, Myvizhi Esai
Xiong, Ruichang
Ojha, Madhusudan
Keffer, David J.
Nicholson, Donald M.
Egami, Takeshi
TI Applications of a general random-walk theory for confined diffusion
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; PERFLUOROSULFONIC ACID MEMBRANES;
BOUND-CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; SINGLE-FILE
DIFFUSION; FUEL-CELL MEMBRANES; MM3 FORCE-FIELD; ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION;
PERFLUORINATED IONOMER; MASTER EQUATIONS
AB A general random walk theory for diffusion in the presence of nanoscale confinement is developed and applied. The random-walk theory contains two parameters describing confinement: a cage size and a cage-to-cage hopping probability. The theory captures the correct nonlinear dependence of the mean square displacement (MSD) on observation time for intermediate times. Because of its simplicity, the theory also requires modest computational requirements and is thus able to simulate systems with very low diffusivities for sufficiently long time to reach the infinite-time-limit regime where the Einstein relation can be used to extract the self-diffusivity. The theory is applied to three practical cases in which the degree of order in confinement varies. The three systems include diffusion of (i) polyatomic molecules in metal organic frameworks, (ii) water in proton exchange membranes, and (iii) liquid and glassy iron. For all three cases, the comparison between theory and the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicates that the theory can describe the observed diffusion behavior with a small fraction of the computational expense. The confined-random-walk theory fit to the MSDs of very short MD simulations is capable of accurately reproducing the MSDs of much longer MD simulations. Furthermore, the values of the parameter for cage size correspond to the physical dimensions of the systems and the cage-to-cage hopping probability corresponds to the activation barrier for diffusion, indicating that the two parameters in the theory are not simply fitted values but correspond to real properties of the physical system.
C1 [Calvo-Munoz, Elisa M.; Selvan, Myvizhi Esai; Xiong, Ruichang; Keffer, David J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Ojha, Madhusudan; Egami, Takeshi] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Nicholson, Donald M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Egami, Takeshi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Calvo-Munoz, EM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM dkeffer@utk.edu
RI Xiong, Ruichang/O-3398-2013; Keffer, David/C-5133-2014
OI Xiong, Ruichang/0000-0001-9262-7545; Keffer, David/0000-0002-6246-0286
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-0730207, OCI 07-11134]; US
Department of Energy (DOE) BES [DE-FG02-05ER15723]; Division of
Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Science of the
US Department of Energy; National Institute for Computational Sciences
(NICS)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National
Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CMMI-0730207 and the US
Department of Energy (DOE) BES under Contract No. DE-FG02-05ER15723.
Work at ORNL was performed under the auspices of the Division of
Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Science of the
US Department of Energy (D.M.N.). This work used resources of the
National Institute for Computational Sciences (NICS), ORNL, supported by
NSF with Agreement No. OCI 07-11134.
NR 102
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 011120
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.011120
PN 1
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 713TJ
UT WOS:000286760000003
PM 21405674
ER
PT J
AU Bozin, ES
Masadeh, AS
Hor, YS
Mitchell, JF
Billinge, SJL
AF Bozin, E. S.
Masadeh, A. S.
Hor, Y. S.
Mitchell, J. F.
Billinge, S. J. L.
TI Detailed Mapping of the Local Ir4+ Dimers through the Metal-Insulator
Transitions of CuIr2S4 Thiospinel by X-Ray Atomic Pair Distribution
Function Measurements
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NANOSCALE; SYSTEM; PDF
AB The evolution of the short-range structural signature of the Ir4+ dimer state in CuIr2S4 thiospinel has been studied across the metal-insulator phase transitions as the metallic state is induced by temperature, Cr doping, and x-ray fluence. An atomic pair distribution function (PDF) approach reveals that there are no local dimers that survive into the metallic phase when this is invoked by temperature and doping. The PDF shows Ir4+ dimers when they exist, regardless of whether or not they are long-range ordered. At 100 K, exposure to a 98 keV x-ray beam melts the long-range dimer order within a few seconds, though the local dimers remain intact. This shows that the metallic state accessed on warming and doping is qualitatively different from the state obtained under x-ray irradiation.
C1 [Bozin, E. S.; Billinge, S. J. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Masadeh, A. S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Masadeh, A. S.] Univ Jordan, Dept Phys, Amman 11942, Jordan.
[Hor, Y. S.; Mitchell, J. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Billinge, S. J. L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Bozin, ES (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM bozin@bnl.gov
RI Bozin, Emil/E-4679-2011
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-OS) [DE-AC02-98CH10886,
DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We would like to thank P. Chupas and K. Chapman for their help in data
collection. Work in the Billinge group was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-OS) under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. J.F.M.'s work at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL),
which is operated by UChicago Argonne LLC, and the APS facility, are
supported under the U.S. DOE-OS Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 045501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.045501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713KK
UT WOS:000286736700009
PM 21405330
ER
PT J
AU Olmsted, DL
Buta, D
Adland, A
Foiles, SM
Asta, M
Karma, A
AF Olmsted, David L.
Buta, Dorel
Adland, Ari
Foiles, Stephen M.
Asta, Mark
Karma, Alain
TI Dislocation-Pairing Transitions in Hot Grain Boundaries
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSION
AB We report the finding of a novel grain-boundary structural phase transition in both molecular-dynamics and phase-field-crystal simulations of classical models of bcc Fe. This transition is characterized by pairing of individual dislocations with mixed screw and edge components. We demonstrate that this type of transition is driven by a combination of factors including elastic softening, core interaction, and core disordering. At high homologous temperatures the occurrence of this transition is shown to prevent premelting at misorientation angles where it would otherwise be expected.
C1 [Olmsted, David L.; Asta, Mark] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Buta, Dorel; Asta, Mark] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Adland, Ari; Karma, Alain] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Adland, Ari; Karma, Alain] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Complex Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Foiles, Stephen M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Asta, Mark] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Olmsted, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-FG02-06ER46282, DE-FG02-07ER46400]; DOE's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National
Research Scientific Computing Center (DOE Office of Science)
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Contracts No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, No.
DE-FG02-06ER46282, and No. DE-FG02-07ER46400. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract
No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. We acknowledge support from the DOE Computational
Materials Science Network program and the National Research Scientific
Computing Center (DOE Office of Science Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231).
NR 24
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 046101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.046101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713KK
UT WOS:000286736700013
PM 21405338
ER
PT J
AU Toth, GI
Morris, JR
Granasy, L
AF Toth, G. I.
Morris, J. R.
Granasy, L.
TI Ginzburg-Landau-Type Multiphase Field Model for Competing fcc and bcc
Nucleation
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; LIQUID INTERFACE; SIMULATION; SYSTEM
AB We address crystal nucleation and fcc-bcc phase selection in alloys using a multiphase field model that relies on Ginzburg-Landau free energies of the liquid-fcc, liquid-bcc, and fcc-bcc subsystems, and determine the properties of the nuclei as a function of composition, temperature, and structure. With a realistic choice for the free energy of the fcc-bcc interface, the model predicts well the fcc-bcc phase-selection boundary in the Fe-Ni system.
C1 [Toth, G. I.; Granasy, L.] Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
[Morris, J. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Granasy, L.] Brunel Univ, BCAST, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England.
RP Toth, GI (reprint author), Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, POB 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
RI Granasy, Laszlo/A-6221-2012; Morris, J/I-4452-2012
OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047
FU Hungarian Academy of Sciences [OTKA-K-62588]; ESA [98059]; Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy
FX This work has been supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences under
Contract No. OTKA-K-62588, by the ESA under PECS Contract No. 98059, and
forms part of the ESA MAP project "MAGNEPHAS." Work by J.R.M. has been
sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 4
AR 045701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.045701
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 713KK
UT WOS:000286736700010
PM 21405334
ER
PT J
AU Huang, B
AF Huang, Bing
TI Electronic properties of boron and nitrogen doped graphene nanoribbons
and its application for graphene electronics
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CARBON NANOTUBES; SUBSTITUTION-REACTION;
BUILDING-BLOCKS
AB On the basis of density functional theory calculations, we have systematically investigated the electronic properties of armchair-edge graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) doped with boron (B) and nitrogen (N) atoms. B (N) atoms could effectively introduce holes (electrons) to GNRs and the system exhibits p- (n-) type semiconducting behavior after B (N) doping. According to the electronic structure calculations, Z-shape GNR-based field effect transistors (FETs) is constructed by selective doping with B or N atoms. Using first-principles quantum transport calculations, we demonstrate that the B-doped p-type GNR-FETs can exhibit high levels of performance, with high ON/OFF ratios and low subthreshold swing. Furthermore, the performance parameters of GNR-FETs could be controlled by the p-type semiconducting channel length. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huang, Bing] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Huang, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Bing.Huang@nrel.gov
RI Huang, Bing/D-8941-2011
OI Huang, Bing/0000-0001-6735-4637
NR 32
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
EI 1873-2429
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 375
IS 4
BP 845
EP 848
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2010.12.050
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 712RJ
UT WOS:000286683600010
ER
PT J
AU Aamodt, K
Quintana, AA
Adamova, D
Adare, AM
Aggarwal, MM
Rinella, GA
Agocs, AG
Salazar, SA
Ahammed, Z
Ahmad, N
Masoodi, AA
Ahn, SU
Akindinov, A
Aleksandrov, D
Alessandro, B
Molina, RA
Alici, A
Alkin, A
Avina, EA
Alt, T
Altini, V
Altinpinar, S
Altsybeev, I
Andrei, C
Andronic, A
Anguelov, V
Anson, C
Anticic, T
Antinori, F
Antonioli, P
Aphecetche, L
Appelshauser, H
Arbor, N
Arcelli, S
Arend, A
Armesto, N
Arnaldi, R
Aronsson, T
Arsene, IC
Asryan, A
Augustinus, A
Averbeck, R
Awes, TC
Aysto, J
Azmi, MD
Bach, M
Badala, A
Baek, YW
Bagnasco, S
Bailhache, R
Bala, R
Ferroli, RB
Baldisseri, A
Baldit, A
Ban, J
Barbera, R
Barile, F
Barnafoldi, GG
Barnby, LS
Barret, V
Bartke, J
Basile, M
Bastid, N
Bathen, B
Batigne, G
Batyunya, B
Baumann, C
Bearden, IG
Beck, H
Belikov, I
Bellini, F
Bellwied, R
Belmont-Moreno, E
Beole, S
Berceanu, I
Bercuci, A
Berdermann, E
Berdnikov, Y
Betev, L
Bhasin, A
Bhati, AK
Bianchi, L
Bianchi, N
Bianchin, C
Bielcik, J
Bielcikova, J
Bilandzic, A
Biolcati, E
Blanc, A
Blanco, F
Blanco, F
Blau, D
Blume, C
Boccioli, M
Bock, N
Bogdanov, A
Boggild, H
Bogolyubsky, M
Boldizsar, L
Bombara, M
Bombonati, C
Book, J
Borel, H
Bortolin, C
Bose, S
Bossu, F
Botje, M
Bottger, S
Boyer, B
Braun-Munzinger, P
Bravina, L
Bregant, M
Breitner, T
Broz, M
Brun, R
Bruna, E
Bruno, GE
Budnikov, D
Buesching, H
Busch, O
Buthelezi, Z
Caffarri, D
Cai, X
Caines, H
Villar, EC
Camerini, P
Roman, VC
Romeo, GC
Carena, F
Carena, W
Carminati, F
Diaz, AC
Caselle, M
Castellanos, JC
Catanescu, V
Cavicchioli, C
Cerello, P
Chang, B
Chapeland, S
Charvet, JL
Chattopadhyay, S
Chattopadhyay, S
Cherney, M
Cheshkov, C
Cheynis, B
Chiavassa, E
Barroso, VC
Chinellato, DD
Chochula, P
Chojnacki, M
Christakoglou, P
Christensen, CH
Christiansen, P
Chujo, T
Cicalo, C
Cifarelli, L
Cindolo, F
Cleymans, J
Coccetti, F
Coffin, JP
Coli, S
Balbastre, GC
del Valle, ZC
Constantin, P
Contin, G
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CA ALICE Collaboration
TI Suppression of charged particle production at large transverse momentum
in central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE R-AA; Nuclear modification factor; Pb-Pb; root s(NN)=2.76 TeV; ALICE;
LHC
ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SATURATION; LHC; QCD
AB Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of primary charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV have been measured by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. The data are presented for central and peripheral collisions, corresponding to 0-5% and 70-80% of the hadronic Pb-Pb cross section. The measured charged particle spectra in |eta| < 0.8 and 0.3 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c are compared to the expectation in pp collisions at the same root s(NN), scaled by the number of underlying nucleon-nucleon collisions. The comparison is expressed in terms of the nuclear modification factor R-AA. The result indicates only weak medium effects (R-AA approximate to 0.7) in peripheral collisions. In central collisions, R-AA reaches a minimum of about 0.14 at p(T) = 6-7 GeV/c and increases significantly at larger p(T). The measured suppression of high-p(T) particles is stronger than that observed at lower collision energies, indicating that a very dense medium is formed in central Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. (C) 2010 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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[Altsybeev, I.; Asryan, A.; Feofilov, C.; Ivanov, A.; Kolojvari, A.; Kondratiev, V.; Ochirov, A.; Vechernin, V.; Vinogradov, L.; Zarochentsev, A.] St Petersburg State Univ, V Fock Inst Phys, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Andrei, C.; Berceanu, I.; Bercuci, A.; Catanescu, V.; Herghelegiu, A.; Petris, M.; Petrovici, M.; Pop, A.; Schiaua, C.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania.
[Anguelov, V.; Boettger, S.; Breitner, T.; Engel, H.; Kebschull, U.; Kisel, I.; Lara, C.; Lindenstruth, V.; Steinbeck, T.; Zelnicek, P.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany.
[Anson, C.; Bock, N.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Truesdale, D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Anticic, T.; Nikolic, V.; Susa, T.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Antinori, F.; Bianchin, C.; Bombonati, C.; Bortolin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Sahoo, R.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Viesti, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy.
[Antinori, F.; Bianchin, C.; Bombonati, C.; Bortolin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Fabris, D.; Grosso, R.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Sahoo, R.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Turrisi, R.; Viesti, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy.
[Aphecetche, L.; Batigne, G.; Conesa del Valle, Z.; Delagrange, H.; Driga, O.; Estienne, M.; Germain, M.; Ichou, R.; Lefevre, F.; Lenhardt, M.; Luquin, L.; Garcia, G. Martinez; Mas, A.; Pillot, P.; Roy, C.; Schutz, Y.; Stocco, D.] Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3,SUBATECH, Nantes, France.
[Arbor, N.; Faivre, J.; Furget, C.; Gadrat, S.; Guernane, R.; Kox, S.; Mao, Y.; Real, J. S.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Polytech Grenoble,LPSC, Grenoble, France.
[Armesto, N.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Armesto, N.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Awes, T. C.; Silvermyr, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Aysto, J.; Chang, B.; Kalliokoski, T.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Novitzky, N.; Raiha, T. S.; Rak, J.; Rasanen, S. S.; Sarkamo, J.; Trzaska, W. H.] HIP, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
[Badala, A.; Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Palmeri, A.; Pappalardo, G. S.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy.
[Bala, R.; Beole, S.; Bianchi, L.; Biolcati, E.; Bossu, F.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Ferretti, A.; Gagliardi, M.; Gallio, M.; Giubellino, P.; Innocenti, G. M.; Luparello, G.; Masera, M.; Milano, L.; Ortona, G.; Padilla, F.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Siciliano, M.; Vasquez, M. A. Subieta; Vercellin, E.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy.
[Ferroli, R. Baldini; Coccetti, F.; Preghenella, R.; Zichichi, A.] Ctr Fermi, Ctr Studi & Ric, Rome, Italy.
[Ferroli, R. Baldini; Coccetti, F.; Preghenella, R.; Zichichi, A.] Museo Stor Fis Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy.
[Baldisseri, A.; Borel, H.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Charvet, J. L.; Geuna, C.; Pal, S.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Yang, H.] IRFU, Commissariat Energie Atom, Saclay, France.
[Ahn, S. U.; Anguelov, V.; Baek, Y. W.; Baldit, A.; Barret, V.; Bastid, N.; Blanc, A.; Roman, V. Canoa; Crochet, P.; Dupieux, P.; Lopez, X.; Manceau, L.; Manso, F.; Rosnet, P.; Saturnini, P.; Vulpescu, B.; Zhang, X.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,LPC, Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Ban, J.; Kalinak, P.; Kralik, I.; Krivda, M.; Sandor, L.; Vala, M.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia.
[Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Catania, Italy.
[Barnby, L. S.; Evans, D.; Jones, G. T.; Jones, P. G.; Jovanovic, P.; Jusko, A.; Kour, R.; Krivda, M.; Lazzeroni, C.; Lietava, R.; Matthews, Z. L.; Navin, S.; Palaha, A.; Petrov, P.; Platt, R.; Scott, P. A.; Baillie, O. Villalobos] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Bartke, J.; Gladysz-Dziadus, E.; Kornas, E.; Kowalski, M.; Matyja, A.; Rybicki, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland.
[Bathen, B.; Dietel, T.; Emschermann, D.; Heide, M.; Kalisky, M.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Rammler, M.; Santo, R.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Wilde, M.; Wilk, A.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-4400 Munster, Germany.
[Batyunya, B.; Fedunov, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Jancurova, L.; Pocheptsov, T.; Shabratova, G.; Vala, M.; Vodopyanov, A.; Zaporozhets, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Dubna, Russia.
[Bearden, I. G.; Boggild, H.; Christensen, C. H.; Dalsgaard, H. H.; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nygaard, C.; Sogaard, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Belikov, I.; Coffin, J. -P.; Hippolyte, B.; Jangal, S.; Kuhn, C.; Maire, A.; Wan, R.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, IPHC, Strasbourg, France.
[Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; Dobrin, A.; Jayarathna, S. P.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Loggins, V. R.; Mlynarz, J.; Pavlinov, A.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Prasad, S. K.; Pruneau, C. A.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA.
[Berdnikov, Y.; Ivanov, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kryshen, E.; Malaev, M.; Nikulin, V.; Samsonov, V.; Zhalov, M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia.
[Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Mangotra, L.; Potukuchi, B.; Sambyal, S.; Sharma, S.; Singh, R.] Univ Jammu, Dept Phys, Jammu 180004, India.
[Bianchi, N.; Diaz, A. Casanova; Balbastre, G. Conesa; Cunqueiro, L.; Moregula, A. De Azevedo; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Hasch, D.; Muccifora, V.; Reolon, A. R.; Ronchetti, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Petracek, V.; Pospisil, V.; Smakal, R.; Tlusty, D.; Wagner, V.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic.
[Bilandzic, A.; Botje, M.; Krzewicki, M.; Kuijer, P. G.; Lara, C. E. Perez; Snellings, R.; van der Kolk, N.] Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Blanco, F.; Cotallo, M. E.; Gonzalez-Zamora, P.; Ladron de Guevara, P.; Montes, E.; Rubio Montero, A. J.; Serradilla, E.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain.
[Blanco, F.; Jayarathna, S. P.; Madagodahettige-Don, D. M.; Pinsky, L.; Piyarathna, D. B.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA.
[Bogdanov, A.; Grigoriev, V.; Kaplin, V.; Kondratyeva, N.; Loginov, V.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia.
[Bogolyubsky, M.; Kharlov, Y.; Polichtchouk, B.; Sadovsky, S.; Soloviev, A.; Stolpovskiy, M.; Zenin, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
[Bombara, M.; Putis, M.; Urban, J.; Vrlakova, J.] Safarik Univ, Fac Sci, Kosice, Slovakia.
[Bose, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Das, D.; Das, I.; Majumdar, A. K. Dutta; Roy, P.; Sinha, T.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India.
[Boyer, B.; Espagnon, B.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hrivnacova, I.; Lafage, V.; Le Bornec, Y.; Noriega, M. Lopez; Rousseau, S.; Suire, C.; Takaki, J. D. Tapia; Palomo, L. Valencia] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Bravina, L.; Dordic, O.; Eyyubova, G.; Kolevatov, R.; Lindal, S.; Lovhoiden, G.; Milosevic, J.; Nilsson, M. S.; Pocheptsov, T.; Qvigstad, H.; Skaali, T. B.; Tveter, T. S.; Wikne, J.; Zabrodin, E.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway.
[Bregant, M.; Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Rui, R.; Venaruzzo, M.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, Trieste, Italy.
[Bregant, M.; Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Fragiacomo, E.; Grion, N.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Piano, S.; Rachevski, A.; Rui, R.; Vacchi, A.; Venaruzzo, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy.
[Broz, M.; Fekete, V.; Janik, R.; Pikna, M.; Sitar, B.; Strmen, P.; Szarka, I.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia.
[Budnikov, D.; Demanov, V.; Filchagin, S.; Ilkaev, R.; Kuryakin, A.; Mamonov, A.; Nazarenko, S.; Nazarov, G.; Punin, V.; Tumkin, A.; Vikhlyantsev, O.; Vinogradov, Y.] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia.
[Busch, O.; Constantin, P.; Glaessel, P.; Grajcarek, R.; Herrmann, N.; Klein, J.; Koch, K.; Krawutschke, T.; Krumbhorn, D.; Kweon, M. J.; Lohner, D.; Lu, X. -G.; Perez, J. Mercado; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Radomski, S.; Reygers, K.; Schicker, R.; Schweda, K.; Stachel, J.; Vallero, S.; Wang, Y.; Wiechula, J.; Windelband, B.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Buthelezi, Z.; Cleymans, J.; Fearick, R.; Foertsch, S.; Steyn, G.; Vilakazi, Z.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, iThemba Labs, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Cai, X.; Ma, K.; Mao, Y.; Wan, R.; Wang, D.; Wang, Y.; Yin, Z.; Yuan, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhou, D.] Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Calvo Villar, E.; Delgado Mercado, Y.; Gago, A.; Guerra Gutierrez, C.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Ciencias, Secc Fis, Lima, Peru.
[Cherney, M.; Nilsen, B. S.; Turvey, A. J.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
[Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Ducroux, L.; Grossiord, J. -Y.; Massacrier, L.; Nendaz, F.; Tieulent, R.; Zoccarato, Y.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Chinellato, D. D.; Cosentino, M. R.; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Chojnacki, M.; Christakoglou, P.; de Rooij, R.; Grelli, A.; Kamermans, R.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Thomas, D.; van Leeuwen, M.; Verweij, M.] Univ Utrecht, Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Chojnacki, M.; Christakoglou, P.; de Rooij, R.; Grelli, A.; Kamermans, R.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Thomas, D.; van Leeuwen, M.; Verweij, M.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Subatom Phys, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Christiansen, P.; Dobrin, A.; Gros, P.; Oskarsson, A.; Otterlund, I.; Stenlund, E.] Lund Univ, Div Expt High Energy Phys, Lund, Sweden.
[Chujo, T.; Esumi, S.; Horaguchi, T.; Inaba, M.; Miake, Y.; Sakata, D.; Sano, M.; Shimomura, M.; Watanabe, K.; Yokoyama, H.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Cicalo, C.; De Falco, A.; Incani, E.; Masoni, A.; Puddu, G.; Serci, S.; Uras, A.; Usai, G. L.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cagliari, Italy.
[Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Herrera Corral, G.; Montano Zetina, L.; Ramirez Reyes, A.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
[Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Herrera Corral, G.; Montano Zetina, L.; Ramirez Reyes, A.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV, Merida, Mexico.
[Cortes Maldonado, I.; Fernandez Tellez, A.; Gonzalez Santos, H.; Martinez, M. I.; Munoz, J.; Rodriguez Cahuantzi, M.; Tejeda Munoz, G.; Vargas, A.; Vergara, S.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
[Cortese, P.; Dellacasa, G.; Ferretti, R.; Gemme, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Avanzate, Alessandria, Italy.
[Cortese, P.; Dellacasa, G.; Ferretti, R.; Gemme, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Grp Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy.
[Cuautle, E.; Dominguez, I.; Maldonado Cervantes, I.; Mayani, D.; Ortiz Velasquez, A.; Paic, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Dainese, A.; Ricci, R. A.; Vannucci, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy.
[Danu, A.; Felea, D.; Haiduc, M.; Hasegan, D.; Mitu, C.; Sevcenco, A.; Stan, I.; Zgura, I.] ISS, Bucharest, Romania.
[Dash, A.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751007, Orissa, India.
[de Barros, G. O. V.; Deppman, A.; Figueredo, M. A. S.; Moreira De Godoy, D. A.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-09500900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[De Caro, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Pasquale, S.; Girard, M. Fusco; Pagano, P.; Virgili, T.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84100 Salerno, Italy.
[De Caro, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Pasquale, S.; Girard, M. Fusco; Pagano, P.; Virgili, T.] Grp Collegate INFN, Salerno, Italy.
[De Falco, A.; Incani, E.; Puddu, G.; Serci, S.; Uras, A.; Usai, G. L.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, Cagliari, Italy.
[Deloff, A.; Dobrowolski, T.; Ilkiv, I.; Kurashvili, P.; Redlich, K.; Siemiarczuk, T.; Stefanek, G.; Wilk, G.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Di Liberto, S.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Meddi, F.; Urciuoli, G. M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy.
[Erdal, H. A.; Helstrup, H.; Hetland, K. F.; Kileng, B.] Bergen Univ Coll, Fac Engn, Bergen, Norway.
[Finogeev, D.; Guber, F.; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karpechev, E.; Konevskih, A.; Kurepin, A.; Kurepin, A. B.; Maevskaya, A.; Pshenichnov, I.; Reshetin, A.] Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia.
[Fragkiadakis, M.; Ganoti, P.; Roukoutakis, F.; Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M.; Tagridis, C.; Vasileiou, M.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece.
[Girard, M. R.; Oleniacz, J.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Traczyk, T.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland.
[Gomez, R.; Leon Monzon, I.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico.
[Gotovac, S.; Mudnic, E.; Vickovic, L.] Tech Univ Split FESB, Split, Croatia.
[Grigoryan, A.; Hayrapetyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
[Gunji, T.; Hamagaki, H.; Hori, Y.; Ozawa, K.; Sano, S.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
[Hwang, D. S.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, S.; Son, H.] Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea.
[Jacobs, P. M.; Loizides, C.; Ploskon, M.; Sakai, S.; Symons, T. J. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jena, S.; Nandi, B. K.; Nyatha, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India.
[Kalweit, A.; Kraus, I.; Oeschler, H.; Ricaud, H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Darmstadt, Germany.
[Kang, J. H.; Kim, M.; Kwon, Y.; Song, M.] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Keidel, R.] Fachhsch Worms, ZTT, Worms, Germany.
[Klay, J. L.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
[Li, X.] China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Mares, J.; Polak, K.; Zavada, P.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Martashvili, I.; Nattrass, C.; Read, K. F.; Scott, R.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Meddi, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Midori, J.; Obayashi, H.; Shigaki, K.; Sugitate, T.; Torii, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan.
[Newby, J.; Soltz, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Pestov, Y.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Dept Phys, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India.
[Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B. K.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Vernet, R.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France.
[Yi, J.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea.
[Bortolin, C.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Fabjan, C. W.] Univ Technol, Vienna, Austria.
[Fabjan, C. W.] Austrian Acad Sci, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
[Krawutschke, T.] Fachhsch Koln, Cologne, Germany.
[Milosevic, J.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia.
RP Appelshauser, H (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany.
EM appels@ikf.uni-frankfurt.de
RI Feofilov, Grigory/A-2549-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb
Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Martinez Hernandez,
Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Vickovic,
Linda/F-3517-2017; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Vinogradov,
Leonid/K-3047-2013; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Adamova,
Dagmar/G-9789-2014; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; de Cuveland,
Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Jena,
Satyajit/P-2409-2015; Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Nattrass,
Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk,
Naomi/M-9423-2016; Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014; Cosentino,
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Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Usai,
Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Bruna,
Elena/C-4939-2014; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov,
Igor/A-4063-2008; Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Zarochentsev,
Andrey/J-6253-2013; Kondratiev, Valery/J-8574-2013; Barnafoldi, Gergely
Gabor/L-3486-2013; Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Levai,
Peter/A-1544-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Martinez Davalos,
Arnulfo/F-3498-2013; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Bielcikova,
Jana/G-9342-2014; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014;
Masera, Massimo/J-4313-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Gagliardi,
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Thomas/K-2206-2012; Traczyk, Tomasz/C-1310-2013; Ramello,
Luciano/F-9357-2013; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin,
Sergei/I-4122-2013; Haiduc, Maria /C-5003-2011; Sevcenco,
Adrian/C-1832-2012; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; Barbera,
Roberto/G-5805-2012; Cortese, Pietro/G-6754-2012; SCAPPARONE,
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Lee/G-2135-2010; Coccetti, Fabrizio/H-4004-2011; Mischke,
Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012
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van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Deppman,
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Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378;
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Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Guber,
Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Martinez Davalos,
Arnulfo/0000-0002-9481-9548; Aglieri Rinella,
Gianluca/0000-0002-9611-3696; Christensen,
Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X;
Traczyk, Tomasz/0000-0002-6602-4094; Castillo Castellanos,
Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056;
Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; Barbera,
Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698;
Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779;
Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439
FU Lisbon and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos
e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo
(FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese
Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of
China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic;
Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish
National Research Foundation; European Research Council under the
European Community; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland;
French CNRS-IN2P3; Region Pays de Loire; Region Alsace; Region Auvergne;
CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; Greek Ministry of
Research and Technology; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research
and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of
Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di
Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT, Japan; Joint Institute for
Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF);
CONACYT; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; HELEN Program (High-Energy physics
Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek
der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk
Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for
Scientific Research - NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare
Stiintifica - ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of
Education and Science of Russian Federation; International Science and
Technology Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency
of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations;
CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio
de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de
Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia, Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy
Agency); Ministry of Science and Technology; National Research
Foundation (NRF), South Africa; Swedish Reseach Council (VR); Knut &
Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and
Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council
(STFC); United States Department of Energy; United States National
Science Foundation; State of Texas; State of Ohio
FX The ALICE Collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and
technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of
the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding
performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE Collaboration acknowledges the
following funding agencies for their support in building and running the
ALICE detector: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon and Swiss
Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico
e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP),
Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National
Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of
Education (CMOE) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
(MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish
Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation and the
Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under
the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute
of Physics and the Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3, the 'Region
Pays de Loire', 'Region Alsace', 'Region Auvergne' and CEA, France;
German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association; Greek Ministry of Research
and Technology; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and
Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science
and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted
Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico, ALFA-EC and
the HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network);
Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO),
Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of
Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research
- NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica - ANCS);
Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of
Russian Federation, International Science and Technology Center, Russian
Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian
Federal Agency for Science and Innovations and CERN-INTAS; Ministry of
Education of Slovakia; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia
of Spain, Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN,
Cubaenergia, Cuba, and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); The
Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation
(NRF), South Africa; Swedish Reseach Council (VR) and Knut & Alice
Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science;
United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); The
United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science
Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio.
NR 38
TC 344
Z9 345
U1 5
U2 135
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 1-2
BP 30
EP 39
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.020
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713BB
UT WOS:000286708900007
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, H
Berger, EL
Cao, QH
Chen, CR
Shaughnessy, G
AF Zhang, Hao
Berger, Edmond L.
Cao, Qing-Hong
Chen, Chuan-Ren
Shaughnessy, Gabe
TI Color sextet vector bosons and same-sign top quark pairs at the LHC
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Color sextet; Heavy vector mesons; Top quark; Polarization; LHC; New
physics
ID HADRON COLLIDERS; DECAY
AB We investigate the production of beyond-the-standard-model color sextet vector bosons at the Large Hadron Collider and their decay into a pair of same-sign top quarks. We demonstrate that the energy of the charged lepton from the top quark semi-leptonic decay serves as a good measure of the top quark polarization, which, in turn determines the quantum numbers of the boson and distinguishes vector bosons from scalars. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Berger, Edmond L.; Cao, Qing-Hong; Shaughnessy, Gabe] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zhang, Hao; Cao, Qing-Hong] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Zhang, Hao] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Hao] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Chuan-Ren] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
[Shaughnessy, Gabe] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Berger, EL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM berger@anl.gov
RI Zhang, Hao/D-1695-2011; ZHANG, Hao/G-6430-2015
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-91ER40684,
DE-FG02-90ER40560]; Argonne National Laboratory; University of Chicago
Joint Theory Institute [03921-07-137]; World Premier International
Initiative, MEXT, Japan; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[10975004]; China Scholarship Council [2009601282]
FX The work by E.L.B., Q.H.C. and G.S. is supported in part by the U.S.
Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Q.H.C. is also
supported in part by the Argonne National Laboratory and University of
Chicago Joint Theory Institute Grant 03921-07-137. C.R.C. is supported
by World Premier International Initiative, MEXT, Japan. G.S. is also
supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No.
DE-FG02-91ER40684. H.Z. is supported in part by the U.S. Department of
Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-90ER40560 and also in part by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 10975004 and
the China Scholarship Council File No. 2009601282. Q.H.C. thanks
Shanghai Jiaotong University for hospitality where part of this work was
done.
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD JAN 24
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 1-2
BP 68
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.005
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 713BB
UT WOS:000286708900011
ER
PT J
AU Birn, J
Nakamura, R
Panov, EV
Hesse, M
AF Birn, J.
Nakamura, R.
Panov, E. V.
Hesse, M.
TI Bursty bulk flows and dipolarization in MHD simulations of magnetotail
reconnection
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH PLASMA SHEET; RAPID FLUX TRANSPORT; THIN CURRENT SHEETS;
HIGH-SPEED FLOWS; BALLOONING INSTABILITY; AURORAL STREAMERS; SUBSTORM
ONSET; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONNECTION; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; MAGNETIC
RECONNECTION
AB Using three-dimensional MHD simulations of magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail, we investigate the fate of earthward bursty bulk flows (BBFs). The flow bursts are identified as entropy-depleted magnetic flux tubes ("bubbles") generated by the severance of a plasmoid via magnetic reconnection. The onset of fast reconnection coincides closely with a drastic entropy reduction at the onset of lobe reconnection. The fact that, in the simulation, the Alfven speed does not change significantly at this time suggests that the destabilization of ballooning/interchange modes is important in driving faster reconnection as well as in providing cross-tail structure. In the initial phase, the BBFs are associated with earthward propagating dipolarization fronts. When the flow is stopped nearer to Earth, the region of dipolarization expands both azimuthally and tailward. Tailward flows are found to be associated with a rebound of the earthward flow and with reversed vortices on the outside of the flow. Earthward and tailward flows are also associated with expansion and contraction of the near plasma sheet. All of these features are consistent with recent satellite observations by Cluster and the Time History of Events and their Macroscopic Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission.
C1 [Birn, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hesse, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Nakamura, R.; Panov, E. V.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria.
RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jbirn@lanl.gov
RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; Nakamura, Rumi/I-7712-2013; NASA MMS,
Science Team/J-5393-2013
OI Nakamura, Rumi/0000-0002-2620-9211; NASA MMS, Science
Team/0000-0002-9504-5214
FU U.S. Department of Energy; NASA; SRT Programs
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy, supported by NASA's MMS/SMART Theory and Modeling, Heliophysics
Theory, and SR&T Programs.
NR 69
TC 100
Z9 100
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JAN 22
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A01210
DI 10.1029/2010JA016083
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 710PG
UT WOS:000286523100005
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, M
Weitering, HH
Zhang, ZY
AF Yoon, Mina
Weitering, Hanno H.
Zhang, Zhenyu
TI First-principles studies of hydrogen interaction with ultrathin Mg and
Mg-based alloy films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-HYDRIDES; ELECTRON-GAS; THIN-FILMS; STORAGE; MAGNESIUM; GROWTH;
STATE
AB The search for technologically and economically viable storage solutions for hydrogen fuel would benefit greatly from research strategies that involve systematic property tuning of potential storage materials via atomic-level modification. Here, we use first-principles density-functional theory to investigate theoretically the structural and electronic properties of ultrathin Mg films and Mg-based alloy films and their interaction with atomic hydrogen. Additional delocalized charges are distributed over the Mg films upon alloying them with 11.1% of Al or Na atoms. These extra charges contribute to enhance the hydrogen binding strength to the films. We calculated the chemical potential of hydrogen in Mg films for different dopant species and film thickness, and we included the vibrational degrees of freedom. By comparing the chemical potential with that of free hydrogen gas at finite temperature (T) and pressure (P), we construct a hydrogenation phase diagram and identify the conditions for hydrogen absorption or desorption. The formation enthalpies of metal hydrides are greatly increased in thin films, and in stark contrast to its bulk phase, the hydride state can only be stabilized at high P and T (where the chemical potential of free H(2) is very high). Metal doping increases the thermodynamic stabilities of the hydride films and thus significantly helps to reduce the required pressure condition for hydrogen absorption from H(2) gas. In particular, with Na alloying, hydrogen can be absorbed and/or desorbed at experimentally accessible T and P conditions.
C1 [Yoon, Mina; Weitering, Hanno H.; Zhang, Zhenyu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Yoon, Mina] Fritz Haber Inst Max Planck Gesell, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
[Weitering, Hanno H.; Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Sci & Technol China, ICQD, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.
RP Yoon, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Yoon, Mina/A-1965-2016
OI Yoon, Mina/0000-0002-1317-3301
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division [ERKCS81, ERKCS87]; Hydrogen Sorption
Center of Excellence; Max Planck Society, Germany; US National Science
Foundation [DMR-0906025]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(Grants No. ERKCS81 and No. ERKCS87), the Hydrogen Sorption Center of
Excellence, the Max Planck Society, Germany, and the US National Science
Foundation (Grant No. DMR-0906025). We acknowledge useful comments from
Shenyuan Yang.
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 4
AR 045413
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.045413
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 713XT
UT WOS:000286771400010
ER
PT J
AU Pei, YZ
Lensch-Falk, J
Toberer, ES
Medlin, DL
Snyder, GJ
AF Pei, Yanzhong
Lensch-Falk, Jessica
Toberer, Eric S.
Medlin, Douglas L.
Snyder, G. Jeffrey
TI High Thermoelectric Performance in PbTe Due to Large Nanoscale Ag-2 Te
Precipitates and La Doping
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; LEAD-TELLURIDE; NEUERE UNTERSUCHUNGEN;
SOLID-SOLUTIONS; ALLOYS; FIGURE; MERIT; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACES;
EFFICIENCY
AB Thermoelectrics are being rapidly developed for waste heat recovery applications, particularly in automobiles, to reduce carbon emissions. PbTe-based materials with small (<20 nm) nanoscale features have been previously shown to have high thermoelectric figure-of-merit, zT, largely arising from low lattice thermal conductivity particularly at low temperatures. Separating the various phonon scattering mechanisms and the electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity is a serious challenge to understanding, and further optimizing, these nanocomposites. Here we show that relatively large nanometer-scale (50-200 nm) Ag2Te precipitates in PbTe can be controlled according to the equilibrium phase diagram and these materials show intrinsic semiconductor behavior with high electrical resistivity, enabling direct measurement of the phonon thermal conductivity. This study provides direct evidence that even large nanometer-scale microstructures reduce thermal conductivity below that of a macro-scale composite of saturated alloys with Kapitza-type interfacial thermal resistance at the same overall composition. Carrier concentration control is achieved with lanthanum doping, enabling independent control of the electronic properties and microstructure. These materials exhibit lattice thermal conductivity which approaches the theoretical minimum above similar to 650 K, even lower than that found with small nanoparticles. Optimally La-doped n-type PbTe-Ag-2 Te nanocomposites exhibit zT > 1.5 at 775 K.
C1 [Pei, Yanzhong; Toberer, Eric S.; Snyder, G. Jeffrey] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lensch-Falk, Jessica; Medlin, Douglas L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Mat Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Pei, YZ (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM jsnyder@caltech.edu
RI Pei, Yanzhong/E-4708-2011; Snyder, G. Jeffrey/E-4453-2011; Snyder,
G/I-2263-2015
OI Snyder, G. Jeffrey/0000-0003-1414-8682;
FU DARPA; United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; DOE-OBES-DMS; Sandia LDRD office
FX This work is supported by DARPA Nano Materials Program. We thank
Teruyuki Ikeda for assistance and useful discussions. We thank Nick
Teslich at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories for his assistance
in preparation of specimens for APT. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the
United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. DLM and JLF are
supported in part by DOE-OBES-DMS and the Sandia LDRD office.
NR 54
TC 185
Z9 185
U1 30
U2 208
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
BP 241
EP 249
DI 10.1002/adfm.201000878
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 702IF
UT WOS:000285887100006
ER
PT J
AU Tomanicek, SJ
Wang, KK
Weiss, KL
Blakeley, MP
Cooper, J
Chen, Y
Coates, L
AF Tomanicek, Stephen J.
Wang, Kathy K.
Weiss, Kevin L.
Blakeley, Matthew P.
Cooper, Jonathan
Chen, Yu
Coates, Leighton
TI The active site protonation states of perdeuterated Toho-1
beta-lactamase determined by neutron diffraction support a role for
Glu166 as the general base in acylation
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Toho-1; Neutron diffraction; Perdeuterated neutron structure;
beta-Lactamase; Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; CTX-M-type ESBLs
ID ULTRAHIGH-RESOLUTION STRUCTURE; DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; ANGSTROM
RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MECHANISM; QM/MM; BENZYLPENICILLIN;
SPECIFICITY; CEFOTAXIME
AB Room temperature neutron diffraction data of the fully perdeuterated Toho-1 R274N/R276N double mutant beta-lactamase in the apo form were used to visualize deuterium atoms within the active site of the enzyme. This perdeuterated neutron structure of the Toho-1 R274N/R276N reveals the clearest picture yet of the ground-state active site protonation states and the complete hydrogen-bonding network in a beta-lactamase enzyme. The ground-state active site protonation states detailed in this neutron diffraction study are consistent with previous high-resolution X-ray studies that support the role of Glu166 as the general base during the acylation reaction in the class A beta-lactamase reaction pathway. (C) 2010 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tomanicek, Stephen J.; Wang, Kathy K.; Weiss, Kevin L.; Coates, Leighton] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Blakeley, Matthew P.] Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Cooper, Jonathan] UCL, Ctr Amyloidosis & Acute Phase Prot, Lab Prot Crystallog, Div Med, London NW3 2PF, England.
[Chen, Yu] Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Mol Med, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
RP Coates, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM coatesl@ornl.gov
RI Chen, Yu/A-4714-2012; Weiss, Kevin/I-4669-2013; Blakeley,
Matthew/G-7984-2015
OI Weiss, Kevin/0000-0002-6486-8007; Blakeley, Matthew/0000-0002-6412-4358
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by
UT-Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 585
IS 2
BP 364
EP 368
DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.12.017
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 705ZP
UT WOS:000286180300017
PM 21168411
ER
PT J
AU Hale, M
Oyler, G
Swaminathan, S
Ahmed, SA
AF Hale, Martha
Oyler, George
Swaminathan, Subramanyam
Ahmed, S. Ashraf
TI Basic Tetrapeptides as Potent Intracellular Inhibitors of Type A
Botulinum Neurotoxin Protease Activity
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITORS; MAP KINASE PATHWAY; LIGHT-CHAIN;
INTERNALIZATION MECHANISMS; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; SNAP-25 SUBSTRATE;
PEPTIDE DRUGS; SEROTYPE-A; T-CELLS; IDENTIFICATION
AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are the most potent of all toxins that cause flaccid muscle paralysis leading to death. They are also potential biothreat agents. A systematic investigation of various short peptide inhibitors of the BoNT protease domain with a 17-residue peptide substrate led to arginine-arginine-glycine-cysteine having a basic tetrapeptide structure as the most potent inhibitor. When assayed in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT), the inhibitory effect was drastically reduced. Replacing the terminal cysteine with one hydrophobic residue eliminated the DTT effect but with two hydrophobic residues made the pentapeptide a poor inhibitor. Replacing the first arginine with cysteine or adding an additional cysteine at the N terminus did not improve inhibition. When assessed using mouse brain lysates, the tetrapeptides also inhibited BoNT/A cleavage of the endogenous SNAP-25. The peptides penetrated the neuronal cell lines, N2A and BE(2)-M17, without adversely affecting metabolic functions as measured by ATP production and P-38 phosphorylation. Biological activity of the peptides persisted within cultured chick motor neurons and rat and mouse cerebellar neurons for more than 40 h and inhibited BoNT/A protease action inside the neurons in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Our results define a tetrapeptide as the smallest peptide inhibitor in the backdrop of a large substrate protein of 200+ amino acids having multiple interaction regions with its cognate enzyme. The inhibitors should also be valuable candidates for drug development.
C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
[Oyler, George] Synapt Res LLC, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA.
[Swaminathan, Subramanyam] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Ahmed, SA (reprint author), USAMRIID, Integrated Toxicol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
EM syed.ahmed@amedd.army.mil
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office for
Chemical and Biological Defense [CBS. MEDBIO.01.10.RD.002,
JSTOCBD3.10012_06_RD_B]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint
Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense Grants
CBS. MEDBIO.01.10.RD.002 and JSTOCBD3.10012_06_RD_B (to S.A.A.).
NR 59
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 286
IS 3
BP 1802
EP 1811
DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.146464
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 706BV
UT WOS:000286191500020
PM 20961849
ER
PT J
AU Graham, MW
Ma, YZ
Green, AA
Hersam, MC
Fleming, GR
AF Graham, Matthew W.
Ma, Ying-Zhong
Green, Alexander A.
Hersam, Mark C.
Fleming, Graham R.
TI Pure optical dephasing dynamics in semiconducting single-walled carbon
nanotubes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITONIC STATES; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; PHOTON-ECHO; TEMPERATURE;
SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE; PHOTOPHYSICS; SCATTERING;
RESONANCE
AB We report a detailed study of ultrafast exciton dephasing processes in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes employing a sample highly enriched in a single tube species, the (6,5) tube. Systematic measurements of femtosecond pump-probe, two-pulse photon echo, and three-pulse photon echo peak shift over a broad range of excitation intensities and lattice temperature (from 4.4 to 292 K) enable us to quantify the timescales of pure optical dephasing (T(2)(*)), along with exciton-exciton and exciton-phonon scattering, environmental effects as well as spectral diffusion. While the exciton dephasing time (T(2)) increases from 205 fs at room temperature to 320 fs at 70 K, we found that further decrease of the lattice temperature leads to a shortening of the T(2) times. This complex temperature dependence was found to arise from an enhanced relaxation of exciton population at lattice temperatures below 80 K. By quantitatively accounting the contribution from the population relaxation, the corresponding pure optical dephasing times increase monotonically from 225 fs at room temperature to 508 fs at 4.4 K. We further found that below 180 K, the pure dephasing rate (1/T(2)(*)) scales linearly with temperature with a slope of 6.7 +/- 0.6 mu eV/K, which suggests dephasing arising from one-phonon scattering (i.e., acoustic phonons). In view of the large dynamic disorder of the surrounding environment, the origin of the long room temperature pure dephasing time is proposed to result from reduced strength of exciton-phonon coupling by motional narrowing over nuclear fluctuations. This consideration further suggests the occurrence of remarkable initial exciton delocalization and makes nanotubes ideal to study many-body effects in spatially confined systems. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3530582]
C1 [Graham, Matthew W.; Ma, Ying-Zhong; Fleming, Graham R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Graham, Matthew W.; Ma, Ying-Zhong; Fleming, Graham R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ma, Ying-Zhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Green, Alexander A.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Green, Alexander A.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Fleming, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM grfleming@lbl.gov
RI Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; Ma, Yingzhong/L-6261-2016;
OI Ma, Yingzhong/0000-0002-8154-1006; Green, Alexander/0000-0003-2058-1204
FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of
Naval Research; Nanoelectronics Research Initiative; Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
FX This work is supported by NSF. The steady-state fluorescence spectra
reported in this work were measured at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. M.W.G. and A.A.G. thank the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for
postgraduate scholarship. Density gradient processing was supported by
the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research, and the
Nanoelectronics Research Initiative. Y.-Z.M. also acknowledges the
support by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S.
Department of Energy. We thank L. V. Valkunas, D. Abramavicius, and
Y.-C. Cheng for their helpful contributions.
NR 63
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 35
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034504
DI 10.1063/1.3530582
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200045
PM 21261365
ER
PT J
AU Krzakala, F
Zdeborova, L
AF Krzakala, Florent
Zdeborova, Lenka
TI On melting dynamics and the glass transition. II. Glassy dynamics as a
melting process
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODE-COUPLING THEORY; ISING SPIN-GLASSES; 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITIONS;
RANDOM-ENERGY MODEL; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; MEAN-FIELD;
DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; NONEQUILIBRIUM DYNAMICS; VISCOUS-LIQUIDS; FORMING
LIQUIDS
AB There are deep analogies between the melting dynamics in systems with a first-order phase transition and the dynamics from equilibrium in super-cooled liquids. For a class of Ising spin models undergoing a first-order transition-namely p-spin models on the so-called Nishimori line-it can be shown that the melting dynamics can be exactly mapped to the equilibrium dynamics. In this mapping the dynamical-or mode-coupling-glass transition corresponds to the spinodal point, while the Kauzmann transition corresponds to the first-order phase transition itself. Both in mean field and finite dimensional models this mapping provides an exact realization of the random first-order theory scenario for the glass transition. The corresponding glassy phenomenology can then be understood in the framework of a standard first-order phase transition. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3506843]
C1 [Krzakala, Florent] CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent] ESPCI ParisTech, UMR 7083, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krzakala, Florent; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CEA Saclay, Inst Phys Theor, IPhT, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CNRS, URA 2306, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Krzakala, F (reprint author), CNRS, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France.
EM fk@espci.fr
RI Krzakala, Florent/D-8846-2012; Zdeborova, Lenka/B-9999-2014
NR 86
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034513
DI 10.1063/1.3506843
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200054
PM 21261374
ER
PT J
AU Krzakala, F
Zdeborova, L
AF Krzakala, Florent
Zdeborova, Lenka
TI On melting dynamics and the glass transition. I. Glassy aspects of
melting dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODE-COUPLING THEORY; RANDOM-ENERGY MODEL; ISING SPIN-GLASSES;
SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; MEAN-FIELD; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE;
DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; METASTABLE STATES; VISCOUS-LIQUIDS; FORMING LIQUIDS
AB The following properties are in the present literature associated with the behavior of supercooled glass-forming liquids: faster than exponential growth of the relaxation time, dynamical heterogeneities, growing point-to-set correlation length, crossover from mean-field behavior to activated dynamics. In this paper we argue that these properties are also present in a much simpler situation, namely the melting of the bulk of an ordered phase beyond a first order phase transition point. This is a promising path toward a better theoretical, numerical and experimental understanding of the above phenomena and of the physics of supercooled liquids. We discuss in detail the analogies and the differences between the glass and the bulk melting transitions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3506841]
C1 [Krzakala, Florent] CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent] ESPCI ParisTech, UMR 7083, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Krzakala, Florent; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Krzakala, Florent; Zdeborova, Lenka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CEA Saclay, Inst Phys Theor, IPhT, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Zdeborova, Lenka] CNRS, URA 2306, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Krzakala, F (reprint author), CNRS, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France.
EM fk@espci.fr
RI Krzakala, Florent/D-8846-2012; Zdeborova, Lenka/B-9999-2014
NR 88
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034512
DI 10.1063/1.3506841
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200053
PM 21261373
ER
PT J
AU Minh, DDL
Vaikuntanathan, S
AF Minh, David D. L.
Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
TI Density-dependent analysis of nonequilibrium paths improves free energy
estimates II. A Feynman-Kac formalism
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUILIBRIUM; ENSEMBLE; TRAJECTORIES; EQUALITY; SYSTEMS; BIAS
AB The nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems have paved the way for estimating equilibrium thermodynamic properties, such as free energy differences, using trajectories from driven nonequilibrium processes. While many statistical estimators may be derived from these identities, some are more efficient than others. It has recently been suggested that trajectories sampled using a particular time-dependent protocol for perturbing the Hamiltonian may be analyzed with another one. Choosing an analysis protocol based on the nonequilibrium density was empirically demonstrated to reduce the variance and bias of free energy estimates. Here, we present an alternate mathematical formalism for protocol postprocessing based on the Feynmac-Kac theorem. The estimator that results from this formalism is demonstrated on a few low-dimensional model systems. It is found to have reduced bias compared to both the standard form of Jarzynski's equality and the previous protocol postprocessing formalism. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3541152]
C1 [Minh, David D. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, Chem Phys Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Minh, DDL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM daveminh@anl.gov; svaikunt@umd.edu
RI Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan/F-3219-2011; Minh, David/A-4655-2009
OI Minh, David/0000-0002-4802-2618
FU National Science Foundation (USA) [CHE-0841557]; University of Maryland,
College Park; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank Andy Ballard, John Chodera, and Christopher Jarzynski for
helpful comments on the manuscript. D. Minh is funded by a Director's
Postdoctoral Fellowship at Argonne and S. Vaikuntanathan acknowledges
support from the National Science Foundation (USA) under CHE-0841557 and
the University of Maryland, College Park. The submitted manuscript has
been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National
Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf,
a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
government.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034117
DI 10.1063/1.3541152
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200020
PM 21261340
ER
PT J
AU Nagata, T
Fedorov, DG
Sawada, T
Kitaura, K
Gordon, MS
AF Nagata, Takeshi
Fedorov, Dmitri G.
Sawada, Toshihiko
Kitaura, Kazuo
Gordon, Mark S.
TI A combined effective fragment potential-fragment molecular orbital
method. II. Analytic gradient and application to the geometry
optimization of solvated tetraglycine and chignolin
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICS SIMULATION; FORCE-FIELD; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; ENERGY
GRADIENTS; LARGE SYSTEMS; BASIS SETS; METHOD FMO; MODEL; PROTEIN; WATER
AB The gradient for the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method interfaced with effective fragment potentials (EFP), denoted by FMO/EFP, was developed and applied to polypeptides solvated in water. The structures of neutral and zwitterionic tetraglycine immersed in water layers of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 angstrom are investigated by performing FMO/EFP geometry optimizations at the RHF/cc-pVDZ level of theory for the solutes. The geometries optimized with FMO-RHF/EFP are compared to those from the conventional RHF/EFP and are found to be in very close agreement. Using the optimized geometries, the stability of the hydrated zwitterionic and neutral structures is discussed structurally and in terms of energetics at the second-order Moller-Plesset theory (MP2)/cc-pVDZ level. To demonstrate the potential of the method for proteins, the geometry of hydrated chignolin (protein data bank ID: 1UAO) was optimized, and the importance of the inclusion of water was examined by comparing the solvated and gas phase structures of chignolin with the experimental NMR structure. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3517110]
C1 [Nagata, Takeshi; Fedorov, Dmitri G.; Sawada, Toshihiko; Kitaura, Kazuo] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, NRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan.
[Nagata, Takeshi; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Nagata, Takeshi; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Sawada, Toshihiko] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
[Kitaura, Kazuo] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
RP Nagata, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, NRI, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan.
EM takeshi.nagata@aist.go.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan;
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST); Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST); US Department of Energy; US Air
Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported by the Next Generation Super Computing Project,
Nanoscience Program (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology, Japan), by the Core Research for Evolutional Science and
Technology (CREST), and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). We
would like to thank Professor Hui Li for many helpful discussions, and
by grants from the US Department of Energy, and by the US Air Force
Office of Scientific Research.
NR 84
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034110
DI 10.1063/1.3517110
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200013
PM 21261333
ER
PT J
AU Peppernick, SJ
Joly, AG
Beck, KM
Hess, WP
AF Peppernick, Samuel J.
Joly, Alan G.
Beck, Kenneth M.
Hess, Wayne P.
TI Plasmonic field enhancement of individual nanoparticles by correlated
scanning and photoemission electron microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; RAMAN-SCATTERING; SURFACE-PLASMON;
METAL-FILMS; MULTIPHOTON PHOTOEMISSION; SILVER NANOPARTICLES;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; EMISSION
AB We present results of a combined two-photon photoemission and scanning electron microscopy investigation to determine the electromagnetic enhancement factors of silver-coated spherical nanoparticles deposited on an atomically flat mica substrate. Femtosecond laser excitation of the nanoparticles produces intense photoemission, attributed to near-resonant excitation of localized surface plasmons. Enhancement factors are determined by comparing the respective two-photon photoemission yields measured for single nanoparticles and the surrounding flat surface. For p-polarized, 400 nm (similar to 3.1 eV) femtosecond radiation, a distribution of enhancement factors is found with a large percentage (67%) of the nanoparticles falling within a median range. A correlated scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the nanoparticles typifying the median of the distribution are characterized by spherical shapes and relatively smooth silver film morphologies. In contrast, the largest enhancement factors were produced by a small percentage (7%) of particles that displayed silver coating defects that altered the overall particle structure. Comparisons are made between the experimentally measured enhancement factors and previously reported calculations of the localized near-field enhancement for isolated silver nanoparticles. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3543714]
C1 [Peppernick, Samuel J.; Joly, Alan G.; Beck, Kenneth M.; Hess, Wayne P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Peppernick, SJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM wayne.hess@pnl.gov
FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; Department of Energy's
Office of Biological and Environmental Research
FX The authors were supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated
for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle. We thank W. D. Wei for
valuable discussions. This research was performed using the EMSL, a
national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
PNNL.
NR 41
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 3
AR 034507
DI 10.1063/1.3543714
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 709WN
UT WOS:000286472200048
PM 21261368
ER
PT J
AU Close, S
Kelley, M
Vertatschitsch, L
Colestock, P
Oppenheim, M
Yee, J
AF Close, S.
Kelley, M.
Vertatschitsch, L.
Colestock, P.
Oppenheim, M.
Yee, J.
TI Polarization and scattering of a long-duration meteor trail
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR MESOSPHERE; RADAR ECHOES; SUMMER; VHF; RESOLUTION; PARTICLES;
DIFFUSION; DENSITY; RADIO; PMSE
AB High-power, large-aperture (HPLA) radars have been used over the past two decades to characterize the plasmas formed both around and behind meteoroids as they enter Earth's atmosphere. These plasmas, referred to as heads and trails, respectively, occur with relative frequency (peak head echo detection rate of similar to 1/s) but are extremely diverse and have been difficult to define in a general sense. One particular type of plasma, referred to as the nonspecular trail, occurs when the meteoroid travels quasi-parallel to the radar beam with the radar beam lying quasi-perpendicular to the background magnetic field. Reflection is believed to occur from field-aligned irregularities (FAIs) that form after the trail becomes unstable. While FAI scattering pertains to the majority of nonspecular trails that are short in duration, a subset of these trails, referred to as long-duration trails, still remains open to interpretation. In this paper we present a case study analysis of a long-duration, nonspecular trail and its associated head echo detected with the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) Long-Range Tracking and Identification Radar (ALTAIR), which is an HPLA radar. These data are unique in that they are high resolution (with monopulse angles), dual frequency, and, most importantly, dual polarized, which allows for unprecedented insight into the scattering process from both heads and trails. First, we determine the velocity and mass of the parent meteoroid, which is a particle weighing more than a milligram and is one of the largest meteoroids ever detected by ALTAIR. Second, we determine the peak plasma density and polarization of the head echo and characterize the unique, yet strong returns in the opposite polarization, which may be due to multiple scattering centers within the range gate. Finally, we examine the polarization properties of the trail and discuss the first conclusive evidence of polarization flipping along the trail striations, which we believe corresponds to sharp gradients at the edges of the trail related to turbulent mixing of a dusty plasma that is elongating along the magnetic field. We look into a new idea, namely, the notion that some nonspecular echoes might correspond to a high Schmidt number, dusty plasma, as is found in and above noctilucent clouds. Our results show how polarized return can aid in scattering diagnostics and that single polarization radars must be used with caution for determining head and trail plasma densities given that some of the return can occur in the "unexpected" channel.
C1 [Close, S.; Yee, J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Kelley, M.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Vertatschitsch, L.] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Colestock, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Oppenheim, M.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Close, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM sigridc@stanford.edu
OI Oppenheim, Meers/0000-0002-8581-6177
FU NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions from Dr. Gary Bust
and Alex Fletcher. Dr. William Cooke of the NASA Marshall Space Flight
Center sponsored this work.
NR 41
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A01309
DI 10.1029/2010JA015968
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 710PE
UT WOS:000286522900005
ER
PT J
AU Gallagher, DT
Kim, SK
Robinson, H
Reddy, PT
AF Gallagher, D. Travis
Kim, Sook-Kyung
Robinson, Howard
Reddy, Prasad T.
TI Active-Site Structure of Class IV Adenylyl Cyclase and Transphyletic
Mechanism
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ATP; catalytic mechanism; crystal structure; cAMP; substrate dynamics
ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; CATALYTIC MECHANISM;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CALMODULIN; ACTIVATION; TOXIN; TRIPHOSPHATASE;
DENSITY; CALCIUM
AB Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) belonging to three nonhomologous classes (II, III, and IV) have been structurally characterized, enabling a comparison of the mechanisms of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate biosynthesis. We report the crystal structures of three active-site complexes for Yersinia pestis class IV AC (AC-IV)-two with substrate analogs and one with product. Mn2+ binds to all three phosphates, and to Glu12 and Glu136. Electropositive residues Lys14, Arg63, Lys76, Lys111, and Arg113 also form hydrogen bonds to phosphates. The conformation of the analogs is suitable for in-line nucleophilic attack by the ribose O3' on alpha-phosphate (distance similar to 4 angstrom). In the product complex, a second Mn ion is observed to be coordinated to both ribose 2' oxygen and ribose 3' oxygen. Observation of both metal sites, together with kinetic measurements, provides strong support for a two-cation mechanism. Eleven active-site mutants were also made and kinetically characterized. These findings and comparisons with class II and class III enzymes enable a detailed transphyletic analysis of the AC mechanism. Consistent with its lack of coordination to purine, Y. pestis AC-IV cyclizes both ATP and GTP. As in other classes of AC, the ribose is loosely bound, and as in class III, no base appears to ionize the O3' nucleophile. Different syn/anti conformations suggest that the mechanism involves a conformational transition, and further evidence suggests a role for ribosyl pseudorotation. With resolutions of 1.6-1.7 angstrom, these are the most detailed active-site ligand complexes for any class of this ubiquitous signaling enzyme. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gallagher, D. Travis; Reddy, Prasad T.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, Sook-Kyung] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Div Metrol Qual Life, Taejon, South Korea.
[Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Gallagher, DT (reprint author), NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gallagher@ibbr.umd.edu; prasad.reddy@nist.gov
FU US Department of Energy (Biological and Environmental Research)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the gift of Y. pestis chromosomal DNA
from Dr. Robert D. Perry (University of Kentucky), the logistical
assistance of Dawn Schettino and the technical expertise of Darwin Diaz
(Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology), and the support of the
US Department of Energy (Biological and Environmental Research) and the
National Institutes of Health (National Center for Research Resources)
for data collection at National Synchrotron Light Source beamline X29.
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2836
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 405
IS 3
BP 787
EP 803
DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.11.026
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 714DR
UT WOS:000286788200014
PM 21094652
ER
PT J
AU Airapelian, A
Akopov, N
Akopov, Z
Aschenauer, EC
Augustyniak, W
Avakian, R
Avetissian, A
Avetisyan, E
Belostotski, S
Bianchi, N
Blok, HP
Borissov, A
Bowles, J
Brodski, I
Bryzgalov, V
Burns, J
Capiluppi, M
Capitani, GP
Cisbani, E
Ciullo, G
Contalbrigo, M
Dalpiaz, PF
Deconinck, W
De Leo, R
De Nardo, L
De Sanctis, E
Diefenthaler, M
Di Nezza, P
Duren, M
Ehrenfried, M
Elbakian, G
Ellinghaus, F
Fantoni, A
Felawka, L
Frullani, S
Gabbert, D
Gapienko, G
Gapienko, V
Garibaldi, F
Gavrilov, G
Gharibyan, V
Giordano, F
Gliske, S
Golembiovskaya, M
Hadjidakis, C
Hartig, M
Hasch, D
Hill, G
Hillenbrand, A
Hoek, M
Holler, Y
Hristova, I
Imazu, Y
Ivanilov, A
Jackson, HE
Jgoun, A
Jo, HS
Joosten, S
Kaiser, R
Karyan, G
Keri, T
Kinney, E
Kisselev, A
Kobayashi, N
Korotkov, V
Kozlov, V
Krauss, B
Kravchenko, P
Krivokhijine, VG
Lagamba, L
Lamb, R
Lapikas, L
Lehmann, I
Lenisa, P
Linden-Levy, LA
Ruiz, AL
Lorenzon, W
Lu, XG
Lu, XR
Ma, BQ
Mahon, D
Makins, NCR
Manaenkov, SI
Manfre, L
Mao, Y
Marianski, B
de la Ossa, AM
Marukyan, H
Miller, CA
Movsisyan, A
Muccifora, V
Murray, M
Muller, D
Mussgiller, A
Nappi, E
Naryshkin, Y
Nass, A
Negodaev, M
Nowak, WD
Pappalardo, LL
Perez-Benito, R
Pickert, N
Raithel, M
Reimer, PE
Reolon, AR
Riedl, C
Rith, K
Rosner, G
Rostomyan, A
Rubin, J
Ryckbosch, D
Salomatin, Y
Sanftl, F
Schafer, A
Schnell, G
Schuler, KP
Seitz, B
Shibata, TA
Shutov, V
Stancari, M
Statera, M
Steffens, E
Steijger, JJM
Stenzel, H
Stewart, J
Stinzing, F
Taroian, S
Terkulov, A
Trzcinski, A
Tytgat, M
Vandenbroucke, A
Van der Nat, PB
Van Haarlem, Y
Van Hulse, C
Veretennikov, D
Vikhrov, V
Vilardi, I
Vogel, C
Wang, S
Yaschenko, S
Ye, Z
Yen, S
Yu, W
Zeiler, D
Zihlmann, B
Zupranski, R
AF Airapelian, A.
Akopov, N.
Akopov, Z.
Aschenauer, E. C.
Augustyniak, W.
Avakian, R.
Avetissian, A.
Avetisyan, E.
Belostotski, S.
Bianchi, N.
Blok, H. P.
Borissov, A.
Bowles, J.
Brodski, I.
Bryzgalov, V.
Burns, J.
Capiluppi, M.
Capitani, G. P.
Cisbani, E.
Ciullo, G.
Contalbrigo, M.
Dalpiaz, P. F.
Deconinck, W.
De Leo, R.
De Nardo, L.
De Sanctis, E.
Diefenthaler, M.
Di Nezza, P.
Dueren, M.
Ehrenfried, M.
Elbakian, G.
Ellinghaus, F.
Fantoni, A.
Felawka, L.
Frullani, S.
Gabbert, D.
Gapienko, G.
Gapienko, V.
Garibaldi, F.
Gavrilov, G.
Gharibyan, V.
Giordano, F.
Gliske, S.
Golembiovskaya, M.
Hadjidakis, C.
Hartig, M.
Hasch, D.
Hill, G.
Hillenbrand, A.
Hoek, M.
Holler, Y.
Hristova, I.
Imazu, Y.
Ivanilov, A.
Jackson, H. E.
Jgoun, A.
Jo, H. S.
Joosten, S.
Kaiser, R.
Karyan, G.
Keri, T.
Kinney, E.
Kisselev, A.
Kobayashi, N.
Korotkov, V.
Kozlov, V.
Krauss, B.
Kravchenko, P.
Krivokhijine, V. G.
Lagamba, L.
Lamb, R.
Lapikas, L.
Lehmann, I.
Lenisa, P.
Linden-Levy, L. A.
Ruiz, A. Lopez
Lorenzon, W.
Lu, X-G.
Lu, X-R.
Ma, B-Q.
Mahon, D.
Makins, N. C. R.
Manaenkov, S. I.
Manfre, L.
Mao, Y.
Marianski, B.
de la Ossa, A. Martinez
Marukyan, H.
Miller, C. A.
Movsisyan, A.
Muccifora, V.
Murray, M.
Mueller, D.
Mussgiller, A.
Nappi, E.
Naryshkin, Y.
Nass, A.
Negodaev, M.
Nowak, W-D.
Pappalardo, L. L.
Perez-Benito, R.
Pickert, N.
Raithel, M.
Reimer, P. E.
Reolon, A. R.
Riedl, C.
Rith, K.
Rosner, G.
Rostomyan, A.
Rubin, J.
Ryckbosch, D.
Salomatin, Y.
Sanftl, F.
Schaefer, A.
Schnell, G.
Schueler, K. P.
Seitz, B.
Shibata, T-A.
Shutov, V.
Stancari, M.
Statera, M.
Steffens, E.
Steijger, J. J. M.
Stenzel, H.
Stewart, J.
Stinzing, F.
Taroian, S.
Terkulov, A.
Trzcinski, A.
Tytgat, M.
Vandenbroucke, A.
Van der Nat, P. B.
Van Haarlem, Y.
Van Hulse, C.
Veretennikov, D.
Vikhrov, V.
Vilardi, I.
Vogel, C.
Wang, S.
Yaschenko, S.
Ye, Z.
Yen, S.
Yu, W.
Zeiler, D.
Zihlmann, B.
Zupranski, R.
CA HERMES Collaboration
TI Measurement of azimuthal asymmetries associated with deeply virtual
Compton scattering on a longitudinally polarized deuterium target
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE DIS; HERMES experiments; GPDs; DVCS; Polarized deuterium target
ID GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPACT PARAMETER SPACE; ELECTRON
STORAGE-RING; EVOLUTION KERNELS; HERA; SPIN; NUCLEON; QCD
AB Azimuthal asymmetries in exclusive electroproduction of a real photon from a longitudinally polarized deuterium target are measured with respect to target polarization alone and with respect to target polarization combined with beam helicity and/or beam charge. The asymmetries appear in the distribution of the real photons in the azimuthal angle phi around the virtual photon direction, relative to the lepton scattering plane. The asymmetries arise from the deeply virtual Compton scattering process and its interference with the Bethe-Heitler process. The results for the beam-charge and beam-helicity asymmetries from a tensor polarized deuterium target with vanishing vector polarization are shown to be compatible with those from an unpolarized deuterium target, which is expected for incoherent scattering dominant at larger momentum transfer. Furthermore, the results for the single target-spin asymmetry and for the double-spin asymmetry are found to be compatible with the corresponding asymmetries previously measured on a hydrogen target. For coherent scattering on the deuteron at small momentum transfer to the target, these findings imply that the tensor contribution to the cross section is small. Furthermore, the tensor asymmetry is found to be compatible with zero. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Diefenthaler, M.; Krauss, B.; Mussgiller, A.; Nass, A.; Pickert, N.; Raithel, M.; Rith, K.; Steffens, E.; Stinzing, F.; Vogel, C.; Yaschenko, S.; Zeiler, D.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Jackson, H. E.; Reimer, P. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[De Leo, R.; Lagamba, L.; Nappi, E.; Vilardi, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy.
[Ma, B-Q.; Mao, Y.; Wang, S.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Ellinghaus, F.; Kinney, E.; de la Ossa, A. Martinez] Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Akopov, Z.; Avetisyan, E.; Borissov, A.; Deconinck, W.; De Nardo, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Giordano, F.; Hartig, M.; Holler, Y.; Mussgiller, A.; Rostomyan, A.; Schueler, K. P.; Ye, Z.; Zihlmann, B.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany.
[Aschenauer, E. C.; Gabbert, D.; Golembiovskaya, M.; Hillenbrand, A.; Hristova, I.; Lu, X-G.; Negodaev, M.; Nowak, W-D.; Riedl, C.; Schnell, G.; Stewart, J.; Yaschenko, S.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
[Krivokhijine, V. G.; Shutov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia.
[Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Bianchi, N.; Capitani, G. P.; De Sanctis, E.; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hasch, D.; Muccifora, V.; Reolon, A. R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[De Nardo, L.; Jo, H. S.; Joosten, S.; Ruiz, A. Lopez; Ryckbosch, D.; Schnell, G.; Tytgat, M.; Vandenbroucke, A.; Van Haarlem, Y.; Van Hulse, C.] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Brodski, I.; Dueren, M.; Ehrenfried, M.; Keri, T.; Perez-Benito, R.; Stenzel, H.; Yu, W.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Bowles, J.; Burns, J.; Hill, G.; Hoek, M.; Kaiser, R.; Keri, T.; Lehmann, I.; Mahon, D.; Murray, M.; Rosner, G.; Seitz, B.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Diefenthaler, M.; Joosten, S.; Lamb, R.; Linden-Levy, L. A.; Makins, N. C. R.; Rubin, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Airapelian, A.; Deconinck, W.; Gliske, S.; Lorenzon, W.] Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Kozlov, V.; Terkulov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia.
[Blok, H. P.; Lapikas, L.; Steijger, J. J. M.; Van der Nat, P. B.] Natl Inst Subatom Phys Nikhef, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Belostotski, S.; Gavrilov, G.; Jgoun, A.; Kisselev, A.; Kravchenko, P.; Manaenkov, S. I.; Naryshkin, Y.; Veretennikov, D.; Vikhrov, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad Reg, Russia.
[Bryzgalov, V.; Gapienko, G.; Gapienko, V.; Ivanilov, A.; Korotkov, V.; Salomatin, Y.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Sanftl, F.; Schaefer, A.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
[Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Manfre, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
[Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Manfre, L.] Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
[Felawka, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Miller, C. A.; Yen, S.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Imazu, Y.; Kobayashi, N.; Lu, X-R.; Shibata, T-A.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan.
[Blok, H. P.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Trzcinski, A.; Zupranski, R.] Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland.
[Akopov, N.; Avakian, R.; Avetissian, A.; Elbakian, G.; Gharibyan, V.; Karyan, G.; Marukyan, H.; Movsisyan, A.; Taroian, S.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
[Mueller, D.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Rith, K (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
EM klaus.rith@desy.de
RI Cisbani, Evaristo/C-9249-2011; Deconinck, Wouter/F-4054-2012; Gavrilov,
Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Negodaev,
Mikhail/A-7026-2014; Taroian, Sarkis/E-1668-2014; Kozlov,
Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015;
OI Cisbani, Evaristo/0000-0002-6774-8473; Mueller,
Dieter/0000-0003-0341-0446; Deconinck, Wouter/0000-0003-4033-6716;
Lagamba, Luigi/0000-0002-0233-9812
FU DESY management; Ministry of Economy; Ministry of Education and Science
of Armenia; FWO-Flanders; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China;
Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung; German Bundesministerium fur Bildung
und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Italian
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); MEXT; G-COE of Japan;
Dutch Foundation for Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Russian
Academy of Science; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations;
U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Science and
Technology Facilities Council; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance;
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National Science Foundation (NSF);
European Community [227431]; IWT, Belgium; JSPS
FX We gratefully acknowledge the DESY management for its support and the
staff at DESY and the collaborating institutions for their significant
effort. This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and the
Ministry of Education and Science of Armenia; the FWO-Flanders and IWT,
Belgium; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Alexander
von Humboldt Stiftung, the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und
Forschung (BMBF), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); the
Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); the MEXT, JSPS,
and G-COE of Japan; the Dutch Foundation for Fundamenteel Onderzoek der
Materie (FOM); the Russian Academy of Science and the Russian Federal
Agency for Science and Innovations; the U.K. Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council, the Science and Technology Facilities
Council, and the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Science Foundation (NSF);
and the European Community Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity
under the FP7 "Study of Strongly Interacting Matter (Hadron-Physics2,
Grant Agreement number 227431)".
NR 55
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 842
IS 3
BP 265
EP 298
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2010.09.010
PG 34
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 683AK
UT WOS:000284443900001
ER
PT J
AU De, AK
Roy, D
Goswami, D
AF De, Arijit Kumar
Roy, Debjit
Goswami, Debabrata
TI Fluorophore discrimination by tracing quantum interference in
fluorescence microscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE-PACKET INTERFEROMETRY; PHASE-LOCKED PULSES; COHERENT CONTROL;
FEMTOSECOND PULSES; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; PHOTON; SIGNAL; CS-2
AB We show fluorescence-detected quantum interference in a microscope setup and demonstrate selective enhancement or suppression of fluorophores using femtosecond pulse-pair excitation with periodic modulation of the interpulse phase.
C1 [De, Arijit Kumar; Roy, Debjit; Goswami, Debabrata] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
[De, Arijit Kumar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Phys Biosci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[De, Arijit Kumar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP De, AK (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM dgoswami@iitk.ac.in
RI Goswami, Debabrata/A-9347-2009; De, Anindya/I-2255-2015
OI Goswami, Debabrata/0000-0002-2052-0594;
FU Wellcome Trust Foundation (UK); DST (India); CSIR (India)
FX It is a pleasure to acknowledge Jahan Dawlaty for an illuminating
discussion. We thank Wellcome Trust Foundation (UK) and DST (India) for
financial support. A.K.D. and D.R. also thank CSIR (India) for financial
support.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 015402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.015402
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 713LJ
UT WOS:000286739200006
ER
PT J
AU Andreasson, J
Iwan, B
Andrejczuk, A
Abreu, E
Bergh, M
Caleman, C
Nelson, AJ
Bajt, S
Chalupsky, J
Chapman, HN
Faustlin, RR
Hajkova, V
Heimann, PA
Hjorvarsson, B
Juha, L
Klinger, D
Krzywinski, J
Nagler, B
Palsson, GK
Singer, W
Seibert, MM
Sobicrajski, R
Tolcikis, S
Tschentscher, T
Vinko, SM
Lee, RW
Hajdu, J
Timneanu, N
AF Andreasson, J.
Iwan, B.
Andrejczuk, A.
Abreu, E.
Bergh, M.
Caleman, C.
Nelson, A. J.
Bajt, S.
Chalupsky, J.
Chapman, H. N.
Faeustlin, R. R.
Hajkova, V.
Heimann, P. A.
Hjoervarsson, B.
Juha, L.
Klinger, D.
Krzywinski, J.
Nagler, B.
Palsson, G. K.
Singer, W.
Seibert, M. M.
Sobicrajski, R.
Tolcikis, S.
Tschentscher, T.
Vinko, S. M.
Lee, R. W.
Hajdu, J.
Timneanu, N.
TI Saturated ablation in metal hydrides and acceleration of protons and
deuterons to keV energies with a soft-x-ray laser
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-SOLIDS; PLASMAS;
DIFFRACTION; REFLECTION; CLUSTERS; COHERENT; MATTER; PULSES
AB Studies of materials under extreme conditions have relevance to a broad area of research, including planetary physics, fusion research, materials science, and structural biology with x-ray lasers. We study such extreme conditions and experimentally probe the interaction between ultrashort soft x-ray pulses and solid targets (metals and their deuterides) at the FLASH free-electron laser where power densities exceeding 10(17) W/cm(2) were reached. Time-of-flight ion spectrometry and crater analysis were used to characterize the interaction. The results show the onset of saturation in the ablation process at power densities above 10(16) W/cm(2). This effect can be linked to a transiently induced x-ray transparency in the solid by the femtosecond x-ray pulse at high power densities. The measured kinetic energies of protons and deuterons ejected from the surface reach several keV and concur with predictions from plasma-expansion models. Simulations of the interactions were performed with a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium code with radiation transfer. These calculations return critical depths similar to the observed crater depths and capture the transient surface transparency at higher power densities.
C1 [Andreasson, J.; Iwan, B.; Abreu, E.; Seibert, M. M.; Hajdu, J.; Timneanu, N.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Andrejczuk, A.] Univ Bialystok, Fac Phys, PL-15424 Bialystok, Poland.
[Bergh, M.] Swedish Def Res Agcy, SE-16490 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Caleman, C.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E17, DE-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Nelson, A. J.; Lee, R. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Bajt, S.; Faeustlin, R. R.; Singer, W.; Tolcikis, S.; Tschentscher, T.] Deutsches Elekt Synchrotron DESY, DE-22603 Hamburg, Germany.
[Chalupsky, J.; Hajkova, V.; Juha, L.] Inst Phys ASCR, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
[Chapman, H. N.] DESY, Ctr Free Elect Laser Sci, DE-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[Chapman, H. N.] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, DE-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Heimann, P. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hjoervarsson, B.; Palsson, G. K.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Klinger, D.; Sobicrajski, R.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
[Sobicrajski, R.] FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Krzywinski, J.; Nagler, B.; Lee, R. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Vinko, S. M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
RP Andreasson, J (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
EM nicusor@xray.bmc.uu.se
RI Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010; Hjorvarsson,
Bjorgvin/B-3022-2011; Timneanu, Nicusor/C-7691-2012; Andrejczuk,
Andrzej/B-4031-2013; Vinko, Sam/I-4845-2013; Sobierajski,
Ryszard/E-7619-2012; Hajkova, Vera/G-9391-2014; Chalupsky,
Jaromir/H-2079-2014; Klinger, Dorota/K-8819-2016;
OI Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743; Timneanu,
Nicusor/0000-0001-7328-0400; Andrejczuk, Andrzej/0000-0001-9736-6321;
Vinko, Sam/0000-0003-1016-0975; Hjorvarsson,
Bjorgvin/0000-0003-1803-9467
FU Swedish Research Council; Helmoltz Association [VH-VI-302]; DFG Cluster
of Excellence at the Munich Centre for Advanced Photonics; Portuguese
Science and Technology Foundation; Czech Ministry of Education [LC510,
LC528, ME10046, LA08024]; Academy of Sciences [AV0Z10100523,
IAAX00100903, KAN300100702]; MSHE of Poland [DESY/68/2007]; European
Union [RII3-CT-2004-506008]
FX The authors give special thanks to Howard A. Scott for valuable input
regarding CRETIN. This work was supported by the following agencies: the
Swedish Research Council through a Centre of Excellence Award to JH, the
Virtual Institute Program of the Helmoltz Association (VH-VI-302), the
DFG Cluster of Excellence at the Munich Centre for Advanced Photonics,
the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation, the Czech Ministry of
Education (LC510, LC528, ME10046, and LA08024) and Academy of Sciences
(AV0Z10100523, IAAX00100903, and KAN300100702), and the MSHE of Poland,
SPB No. DESY/68/2007. Computations were performed on UPPMAX under
project p2009018. SEM measurements were performed at the Microscopy and
Microanalysis Group, Chalmers University of Technology. Access to FLASH
was supported by the European Union under contract RII3-CT-2004-506008
(IA-SFS).
NR 37
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JAN 21
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 1
AR 016403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.016403
PN 2
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 713TG
UT WOS:000286759700006
PM 21405780
ER
EF