FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Gunawan, B Sun, X Sterling, M Shiono, K Tsubaki, R Rameshwaran, P Knight, DW Chandler, JH Tang, X Fujita, I AF Gunawan, B. Sun, X. Sterling, M. Shiono, K. Tsubaki, R. Rameshwaran, P. Knight, D. W. Chandler, J. H. Tang, X. Fujita, I. TI The application of LS-PIV to a small irregular river for inbank and overbank flows SO FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Large scale particle image velocimetry; Acoustic Doppler current profiler; Discharge estimation ID MEANDERING CHANNELS; VELOCITY; DEPTH AB This paper examines the feasibility of applying a mobile, large scale particle image velocimetry (LS-PIV) system to a 300 m reach of a small river in order to estimate the discharge. Detailed velocity measurements at a number of locations were carried out using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) for inbank, bankfull and overbank flows. The lateral distributions of the velocity index k (i.e., the ratio of the depth-averaged velocity to the surface velocity) were found to be influenced by the secondary currents, channel vegetation and flow conditions. An attempt is made to quantify the relationship between secondary flow and the velocity index. Appropriate conclusions and advice relating to the practical use of a LS-PIV system as applied to a small river are given. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sterling, M.; Knight, D. W.; Tang, X.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Civil Engn, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Gunawan, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sun, X.] Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab NW Water Resource Environm & Ecol, Xian 710055, Peoples R China. [Shiono, K.; Chandler, J. H.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Tsubaki, R.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hiroshima 7398527, Japan. [Rameshwaran, P.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Fujita, I.] Kobe Univ, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. RP Sterling, M (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Civil Engn, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM m.sterling@bham.ac.uk RI Tsubaki, Ryota/D-5802-2011; Chandler, Jim/A-5653-2008; Rameshwaran, Ponnambalam/D-2041-2010; Sterling, Mark/B-9815-2014; Fujita, Ichiro/P-7500-2016 OI Tsubaki, Ryota/0000-0003-2895-8221; Chandler, Jim/0000-0003-3588-0223; Rameshwaran, Ponnambalam/0000-0002-8972-953X; Sterling, Mark/0000-0003-2119-592X; FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under auspices of grant [EP/E002250/01]; Environment Agency for England and Wales; Blackwater Valley Countryside Partnership FX The authors are grateful to the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council who funded this research under the auspices of grant EP/E002250/01. The writers also wish to acknowledge the support given by Environment Agency for England and Wales and the Blackwater Valley Countryside Partnership. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-5986 J9 FLOW MEAS INSTRUM JI Flow Meas. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 24 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2012.02.001 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 959JZ UT WOS:000305310000001 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Khalek, SA Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Aeharya, BS Adamezyk, L Aams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderhoz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Aneu, LS 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CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for same-sign top-quark production and fourth-generation down-type quarks in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hardron-Hadron Scattering ID PERFORMANCE; LHC AB A search is preseritecl for same-sign top-quark production and down-type heavy quarks of charge -1/3 in events with two isolated leptons (c or mu) that have the same electric charge, at least two jets and large missing transverse momentum. The data are selected from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.04 fb(-1). The observed data are consistent with expectations from Standard Model processes. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the cross section of new sources of same-sign top-quark pair production of 1.4-2.0 pb depending on the assumed mediator mass. Upper limits are also set on the pair-production cross-section for new heavy down-type quarks; a lower limit of 450 GeV is set at 95% confidence level on the mass of heavy down-type quarks under the assumption that they decay 100% of the time to Wt. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; De Santo, A.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Runge, K.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. 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[Bellagamba, L.; Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Giacobbe, B.; Giusti, P.; Jha, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Sbrizzi, A.; Sernprini-Cesari, N.; Spighi, R.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Anders, C. F.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Fischer, P.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch; Gonella, L.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kokott, T.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Kruth, A.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mazur, M.; Moeser, N.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A-E; Poghosyan, T.; Psoroulas, S.; Radics, B.; Schaepe, S.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitz, M.; Schultens, M. J.; Schumacher, J. W.; Schwindt, T.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Vlasov, N.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Zendler, C.; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Hazen, E.; Love, J.; Nation, N. R.; Posch, C.; Shank, J. T.; Whitaker, S. P.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Blocker, C.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Gozpinar, S.; Kirsch, L. E.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.; Skvorodnev, N.; Wellenstein, H.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Caloba, L. P.; Coura Torres, R.; Da Silva, P. V. M.; Maidantchik, C.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.; Marroquim, F.; Nepornuceno, A. A.; Perantoni, M.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Aams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Begel, M.; Bernius, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Salgado, P. E. De Castro Faria; Debbe, R.; Dhullipudi, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Klimentov, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Majewski, S.; Nevski, P.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Damazio, D. 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D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, F.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G. .; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Amaral, P.; Anastopoulos, C.; Baak, M. A.; Bachas, K.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellina, F.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bertinelli, F.; Bianchi, R. M.; Blanchot, G.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Braem, A.; Bremer, J.; Burckhart, H.; Butin, F.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Cataneo, F.; Catinaccio, A.; Catmore, J. R.; Cattai, A.; Cerri, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Childers, J. T.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Cook, J.; Cote, D.; Danielsson, H. 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Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Ilchenko, Y.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Rios, R. R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. 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Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Hurst, P.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Armbruster, A. J.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Conti, G.; Franklin, M.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Ontschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E-E; Lendermann, V.; Meiers, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H-C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypehenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichmiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Dobson, E.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjoernmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Merino, J. Llorente; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Klinger, J. A.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; van Eldik, N.; Varol, T.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tellefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Reseoni, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Bogoueh, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belaus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Guler, H.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macona; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznieek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladiou, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderhoz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Fowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Scuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewiez, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zavtsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Seveerini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astronomy, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrenee, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J-F; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Ieonomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Scarcella, M.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J-F; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Ieonomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Scarcella, M.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Farrington, S. M.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Jones, G.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Liverrmore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Poveda, J.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C. -L.; Vickey, T.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovscy, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tie, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. I.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starehenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, C.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Solfaroli Camillocci, E.; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] INFN Sez Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, C.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Solfaroli Camillocci, E.; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] INFN Sez Rama Tre, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Cherkaoui El Moursli, R.] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J-B; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Mal, P.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay Commissariat Energie Atom, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.; Zhou, Y.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. C.; Eifert, T.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazeka, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybyehev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybyehev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Siiver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J. M.; Nugent, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Schernau, M.; Tatfard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Aeharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaver, L.; Soualah, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Aeharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaver, L.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R; Marino, C. P.; Martynink, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Coccaro, A.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenntann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischman, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischman, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, C.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirsehbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Shaw, K.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, A.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Azuelos, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Savard, P.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Lowe, A. J.; Oakham, F. G.; Savard, P.; Vetterli, M. C.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Kono, T.; Wildt, M. 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RI De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Di Micco, Biagio/J-1755-2012; Giordano, Raffaele/J-3695-2012; Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; Delmastro, Marco/I-5599-2012; valente, paolo/A-6640-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Weigell, Philipp/I-9356-2012; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Zhou, Ning/D-1123-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Carquin, Edson/G-5221-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011 OI De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; 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Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; NRC; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS; MOST; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR; MPO CR; VSC CR; Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET; ERC; ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF; DFG; HGF; MPG; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF; MINERVA; CIF; DIP; Benoziyoo; FOM; NAWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES; Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER; SNSF; Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC; Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF, United States of America; ATLAS; TRIUMF (Canada); NOGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); CC-IN2P3 (France); KIT/GridKA (Germany); INFN-CNAF (Italy); NI.-T1 (Netherlands); PIC (Spain); ASGC (Taiwan); RAL (U.K.); BNL (U.S.A.) FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN: CONICYT, Chile: CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany: GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, CIF, Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and,JSPS Japan; CNRST, MoroccDIP and Benoziyoo; FOM and NAWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NOGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NI.-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and anBNL (U.S.A.) d in the Tier-2 facilities worldwide. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 069 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)069 PG 40 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600069 ER PT J AU Altmannshofer, W Paradisi, P Straub, DM AF Altmannshofer, Wolfgang Paradisi, Paride Straub, David M. TI Model-independent constraints on new physics in b -> s transitions SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rare Decays; Beyond Standard Model; B-Physics ID MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; RIGHT-HANDED CURRENTS; STANDARD MODEL; CP VIOLATION; QCD CORRECTIONS; UPPER-BOUNDS; DECAY; SUPERSYMMETRY; X(S)L(+)L(-); (B)OVER-BAR AB We provide a comprehensive model-independent analysis of rare decays involving the b -> s transition to put constraints on dimension-six Delta F = 1 effective operators. The constraints are derived from all the available up-to-date experimental data from the B-factories, CDF and LHCb. The implications and future prospects for observables in b -> sl(+)l(-) and b -> sv (v) over bar transitions in view of improved measurements are also investigated. The present work updates and generalises previous studies providing, at the same time, a useful tool to test the flavour structure of any theory beyond the SM. C1 [Altmannshofer, Wolfgang] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Paradisi, Paride] CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Straub, David M.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Straub, David M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. RP Altmannshofer, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM waltmann@fnal.gov; paride.paradisi@cern.ch; david.straub@sns.it OI Straub, David/0000-0001-5762-7339 FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [De-AC02-07CH11359]; EU ITN "Unification in the LHC Era" [PITN-GA-2009-237920] FX We thank Andrzej Buras and Thorsten Feldmann for helpful discussions and Christoph Bobeth and Zoltan Ligeti for useful comments. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. D.M.S. is supported by the EU ITN "Unification in the LHC Era", contract PITN-GA-2009-237920 (UNILHC). NR 106 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 008 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)008 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600008 ER PT J AU Altmannshofer, W Primulando, R Yu, CT Yu, F AF Altmannshofer, Wolfgang Primulando, Reinard Yu, Chiu-Tien Yu, Felix TI New physics models of direct CP violation in charm decays SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Beyond Standard Model; CP violation ID ATLAS DETECTOR; QCD FACTORIZATION; STANDARD MODEL; COLLISION DATA; HIGGS BOSONS; FINAL-STATES; SEARCH; TEV; RESONANCES; FB(-1) AB In view of the recent LHCb measurement of Delta A(CP), the difference between the time-integrated CP asymmetries in D -> K+K- and D -> pi(+)pi(-) decays, we perform a comparative study of the possible impact of New Physics degrees of freedom on the direct CP asymmetries in singly Cabibbo suppressed D meson decays. We systematically discuss scenarios with a minimal set of new degrees of freedom that have renormalizable couplings to the SM particles and that are heavy enough such that their effects on the D meson decays can be described by local operators. We take into account both constraints from low energy flavor observables, in particular D-0 - (D) over bar (0) mixing, and from direct searches. While models that explain the large measured value for Delta A(CP) with chirally enhanced chromomagnetic penguins are least constrained, we identify a few viable models that contribute to the D meson decays at tree level or through loop induced QCD penguins. We emphasize that such models motivate direct searches at the LHC. C1 [Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Primulando, Reinard; Yu, Chiu-Tien; Yu, Felix] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Primulando, Reinard] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Yu, Chiu-Tien] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Altmannshofer, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM waltmann@fnal.gov; rprimulando@email.wm.edu; cyu27@wisc.edu; felixyu@fnal.gov FU United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0757481, PHY-1068008]; Fermi lab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics FX Fermi lab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. R.P. thanks the National Science Foundation for support under Grants PHY-0757481 and PHY-1068008. R.P. and C.-T.Y are supported by the Fermi lab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics. The authors would like to thank T. J. Khoo for useful information regarding the ATLAS jets+is not an element ofT search, Andy Cohen and Martin Schmaltz for useful comments, and Daniele Alves, Jonathan Arnold, Bogdan Dobrescu, Stefania Cori and David Straub for useful discussions. NR 100 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 049 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)049 PG 45 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600049 ER PT J AU Anber, MM Poppitz, E Unsal, M AF Anber, Mohamed M. Poppitz, Erich Uensal, Mithat TI 2d affine XY-spin model/4d gauge theory duality and deconfinement SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Confinement; Wilson; 't Hooft and Polyakov loops; Duality in Gauge Field Theories; Lattice Quantum Field Theory ID COULOMB GAS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; MAGNETIC MONOPOLES; QUARK CONFINEMENT; PHASE-TRANSITION; RENORMALIZATION; DIMENSIONS; INSTANTONS; VORTICES AB We introduce a duality between two-dimensional XY-spin models with symmetry-breaking perturbations and certain four-dimensional SU(2) and SU(2)/Z(2) gauge theories, compactified on a small spatial circle R-1,R-2 x S-1, and considered at temperatures near the deconfinement transition. In a Euclidean set up, the theory is defined on R-2 x T-2. Similarly, thermal gauge theories of higher rank are dual to new families of "affine" XY-spin models with perturbations. For rank two, these are related to models used to describe the melting of a 2d crystal with a triangular lattice. The connection is made through a multicomponent electric-magnetic Coulomb gas representation for both systems. Perturbations in the spin system map to topological defects in the gauge theory, such as monopole-instantons or magnetic bions, and the vortices in the spin system map to the electrically charged W-bosons in field theory (or vice versa, depending on the duality frame). The duality permits one to use the two-dimensional technology of spin systems to study the thermal deconfinement and discrete chiral transitions in four-dimensional SU(N-c) gauge theories with n(f)>= 1 adjoint Weyl fermions. C1 [Anber, Mohamed M.; Poppitz, Erich] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Uensal, Mithat] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Uensal, Mithat] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Uensal, Mithat] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Anber, MM (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. EM manber@physics.utoronto.ca; poppitz@physics.utoronto.ca; unsal@slac.stanford.edu FU National Science and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC) FX We thank Philip Argyres, Ben Burrington, Rajamani Narayanan, and Arun Paramekanti for useful discussions on various topics relevant to this paper. The work of M.A. and E.P. was supported in part by the National Science and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC). NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 040 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)040 PG 60 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600040 ER PT J AU Asai, S Nakamura, E Shirai, S AF Asai, Shoji Nakamura, Eita Shirai, Satoshi TI Discriminating minimal SUGRA and minimal gauge mediation models at the early LHC SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Supersymmetry Phenomenology ID MISSING TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; ATLAS DETECTOR; FINAL-STATES; SEARCH; GRAVITINO; PARTICLES; SQUARKS; JETS; MASS AB Among various supersymmetric (SUSY) standard models, the gravity mediation model with a neutralino LSP and the gauge mediation model with a very light gravitino are attractive from the cosmological view point. These models have different scales of SUSY breaking and their underlying physics in high energy is quite different. However, if the sparticles' decay into the gravitino is prompt in the latter case, their collider signatures can be similar: multiple jets and missing transverse momentum. In this paper, we study the discrimination between these models in minimal cases at the LHC based on the method using the significance variables in several different modes and show the discrimination is possible at a very early stage after the discovery. C1 [Asai, Shoji; Nakamura, Eita] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Shirai, Satoshi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shirai, Satoshi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Asai, S (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM Shoji.Asai@cern.ch; nakamura@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; shirai@berkeley.edu FU JSPS FX We would like to thank K. Hamaguchi and T. T. Yanagida for useful discussions. The work of E.N. is supported in part by JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 003 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)003 PG 23 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600003 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Junior, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Karadzhinova, A Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Cabrera, A Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Hektor, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Czellar, S Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Sillou, D Besancon, M 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Vishnevskiy, D. Zielinski, M. Bhatti, A. Ciesielski, R. Demortier, L. Goulianos, K. Lungu, G. Malik, S. Mesropian, C. Arora, S. Atramentov, O. Barker, A. Chou, J. P. Contreras-Campana, C. Contreras-Campana, E. Duggan, D. Ferencek, D. Gershtein, Y. Gray, R. Halkiadakis, E. Hidas, D. Hits, D. Lath, A. Panwalkar, S. Park, M. Patel, R. Richards, A. Rose, K. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Seitz, C. Somalwar, S. Stone, R. Thomas, S. Cerizza, G. Hollingsworth, M. Spanier, S. Yang, Z. C. York, A. Eusebi, R. Flanagan, W. Gilmore, J. Kamon, T. Khotilovich, V. Montalvo, R. Osipenkov, I. Pakhotin, Y. Perloff, A. Roe, J. Safonov, A. Sakuma, T. Sengupta, S. Suarez, I. Tatarinov, A. Toback, D. Akchurin, N. Bardak, C. Damgov, J. Dudero, P. R. Jeong, C. Kovitanggoon, K. Lee, S. W. Libeiro, T. Mane, P. Roh, Y. Sill, A. Volobouev, I. Wigmans, R. Appelt, E. Brownson, E. Engh, D. Florez, C. Gabella, W. Gurrola, A. Issah, M. Johns, W. Kurt, P. Maguire, C. Melo, A. Sheldon, P. Snook, B. Tuo, S. Velkovska, J. Arenton, M. W. Balazs, M. Boutle, S. Conetti, S. Cox, B. Francis, B. Goadhouse, S. Goodell, J. Hirosky, R. Ledovskoy, A. Lin, C. Neu, C. Wood, J. Yohay, R. Gollapinni, S. Harr, R. Karchin, P. E. Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge Lamichhane, P. Mattson, M. Milstene, C. Sakharov, A. Anderson, M. Bachtis, M. Belknap, D. Bellinger, J. N. Bernardini, J. Carlsmith, D. Cepeda, M. Dasu, S. Efron, J. Friis, E. Gray, L. Grogg, K. S. Grothe, M. Hall-Wilton, R. Herndon, M. Herve, A. Klabbers, P. Klukas, J. Lanaro, A. Lazaridis, C. Leonard, J. Loveless, R. Mohapatra, A. Ojalvo, I. Pierro, G. A. Ross, I. Savin, A. Smith, W. H. Swanson, J. CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for microscopic black holes in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID LHC; HIERARCHY AB A search for microscopic black holes in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1) recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011. Events with large total transverse energy have been analyzed for the presence of multiple energetic jets, leptons, and photons, which are typical signals of evaporating semiclassical and quantum black holes, and string balls. Agreement with the expected standard model backgrounds, which are dominated by QCD multijet production, has been observed for various combined multiplicities of jets and other reconstructed objects in the final state. Model-independent limits are set on new physics processes producing high-multiplicity, energetic final states. In addition, new model-specific indicative limits are set excluding semiclassical and quantum black holes with masses below 3.8 to 5.3TeV and string balls with masses below 4.6 to 4.8TeV. The analysis has a substantially increased sensitivity compared to previous searches. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. 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M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bolognaa, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Cataniaa, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. 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M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Rolandi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. C.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.; Kim, M. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. C.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Tropiano, A.; Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Mariotti, C.; Pela, J.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Rennefeld, J.; Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M-C; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W-S; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R-S; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Bell, K. W.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A-M; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois Chicago UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J-P; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [De Wolf, E. A.; Li, W.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y-J; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Jain, S.; Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Malik, S.; Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Gurrola, A.; Issah, M.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goadhouse, S.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Bellinger, J. N.; Bernardini, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Khalil, S.; Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Agram, J-L] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Katkov, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. 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Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016 OI Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Fiorendi, Sara/0000-0003-3273-9419; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Varela, Joao/0000-0003-2613-3146; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Carrera, Edgar/0000-0002-0857-8507; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Vieira de Castro Ferreira da Silva, Pedro Manuel/0000-0002-5725-041X; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS; MoST; NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland; MEC; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA; NKTH (Hungary); DAE; DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE; NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON; RosAtom; RAS; RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN; CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK; TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (U.S.A.); [SF0690030s09] FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 061 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)061 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600061 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Cerny, K Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Avila, C Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Millischer, L Nayak, A Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dobrzynski, L de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Juillot, P Karim, M Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bondu, O Boudoul, G Brun, H Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sordini, V Tosi, S Tschudi, Y Verdier, P Viret, S Tsamalaidze, Z Anagnostou, G Beranek, S Edelhoff, M Feld, L Heracleous, N Hindrichs, O Jussen, R Klein, K Merz, J Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Caudron, J Dietz-Laursonn, E Duchardt, D Erdmann, M Fischer, R Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klimkovich, T Klingebiel, D Kreuzer, P Lanske, D Lingemann, J Magass, C Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Papacz, P Pieta, H Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Steggemann, J Teyssier, D Weber, M Bontenackels, M Cherepanov, V Davids, M Fluegge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Linn, A Nowack, A Perchalla, L Pooth, O Rennefeld, J Sauerland, P Stahl, A Martin, MA Behr, J Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Burgmeier, A Cakir, A Calligaris, L Campbell, A Castro, E Costanza, F Dammann, D Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Fischer, D Flucke, G Geiser, A Glushkov, I Habib, S Hauk, J Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kleinwort, C Kluge, H Knutsson, A Kramer, M Krucker, D Kuznetsova, E Lange, W Lohmann, W Lutz, B Mankel, R Marfin, I Marienfeld, M Melzer-Pellmann, IA Meyer, AB Mnich, J Mussgiller, A Naumann-Emme, S Olzem, J Perrey, H Petrukhin, A Pitzl, D Raspereza, A Cipriano, PMR Riedl, C Rosin, M Salfeld-Nebgen, J Schmidt, R Schoerner-Sadenius, T Sen, N Spiridonov, A Stein, M Walsh, R Wissing, C Autermann, C Blobel, V Bobrovskyi, S Draeger, J Enderle, H Erfle, J Gebbert, U Gorner, M Hermanns, T Hoing, RS Kaschube, K Kaussen, G Kirschenmann, H Klanner, R Lange, J Mura, B Nowak, F Pietsch, N Rathjens, D Sander, C Schettler, H Schleper, P Schlieckau, E Schmidt, A Schroeder, M Schum, T Seidel, M Stadie, H Steinbrueck, G Thomsen, J Barth, C Berger, J Chwalek, T De Boer, W Dierlamm, A Feindt, M Guthoff, M Hackstein, C Hartmann, F Heinrich, M Held, H Hoffmann, KH Honc, S Husemann, U Katkov, I Komaragiri, JR Martschei, D Mueller, S Mueller, T Niegel, M Nurnberg, A Oberst, O Oehler, A Ott, J Peiffer, T Quast, G Rabbertz, K Ratnikov, F Ratnikova, N Rocker, S Saout, C Scheurer, A Schilling, FP Schmanau, M Schott, G Simonis, HJ Stober, FM Troendle, D Ulrich, R Wagner-Kuhr, J Weiler, T Zeise, M Ziebarth, EB Daskalakis, G Geralis, T Kesisoglou, S Kyriakis, A Loukas, D Manolakos, I Markou, A Markou, C Mavrommatis, C Ntomari, E Gouskos, L Mertzimekis, TJ Panagiotou, A Saoulidou, N Evangelou, I Foudasz, C Kokkas, P Manthos, N Papadopoulos, I Patras, V Bencze, G Hajdu, C Hidas, P Horvath, D Krajczar, K Radics, B Sikler, F Veszpremi, V Vesztergombi, G Beni, N Czellar, S Molnar, J Palinkas, J Szillasi, Z Karancsi, J Raics, P Trocsanyi, ZL Ujvari, B Beri, SB Bhatnagar, V Dhingra, N Gupta, R Jindal, M Kaur, M Kohli, JM Mehta, MZ Nishu, N Saini, LK Sharma, A Singh, J Singh, SP Ahuja, S Bhardwaj, A Choudhary, BC Kumar, A Kumar, A Malhotra, S Naimuddin, M Ranjan, K Sharma, V Shivpuri, RK Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Dutta, S Gomber, B Jain, S Jain, S Khurana, R Sarkar, S Abdulsalam, A Choudhury, RK Dutta, D Kailas, S Kumar, V Mohanty, AK Pant, LM Shukla, P Aziz, T Ganguly, S Guchait, M Maity, M Majumder, G Mazumdar, K Mohanty, GB Parida, B Sudhakar, K Wickramage, N Banerjee, S Dugad, S Arfaei, H Bakhshiansohi, H Etesami, SM Fahim, A Hashemi, M Hesari, H Jafari, A Khakzad, M Mohammadi, A Najafabadi, MM Mehdiabadi, SP Safarzadeh, B Zeinali, M Abbrescia, M Barbone, L Calabria, C Chhibra, SS Colaleo, A Creanza, D De Filippis, N De Palma, M Fiore, L Iaselli, G Lusito, L Maggi, G Maggi, M Marangelli, B My, S Nuzzo, S Pacifico, N Pompili, A Pugliese, G Selvaggi, G Silvestris, L Singh, G Zito, G Abbiendi, G Benvenuti, AC Bonacorsi, D Braibant-Giacomelli, S Brigliadori, L Capiluppi, P Castro, A Cavallo, FR Cuffiani, M Dallavalle, GM Fabbri, F Fanfani, A Fasanella, D Giacomelli, P Grandi, C Guiducci, L Marcellini, S Masetti, G Meneghelli, M Montanari, A Navarria, FL Odorici, F Perrotta, A Primavera, F Rossi, AM Rovelli, T Siroli, G Travaglini, R Albergo, S Cappello, G Chiorboli, M Costa, S Potenza, R Tricomi, A Tuve, C Barbagli, G Ciulli, V Civinini, C D'Alessandro, R Focardi, E Frosali, S Gallo, E Gonzi, S Meschini, M Paoletti, S Sguazzoni, G Tropiano, A Benussi, L Bianco, S Colafranceschi, S Fabbri, F Piccolo, D Fabbricatore, P Musenich, R Benaglia, A De Guio, F Di Matteo, L Fiorendi, S Gennai, S Ghezzi, A Malvezzi, S Manzoni, RA Martelli, A Massironi, A Menasce, D Moroni, L Paganoni, M Pedrini, D Ragazzi, S Redaelli, N Sala, S de Fatis, TT Buontempo, S Montoya, CAC Cavallo, N De Cosa, A Dogangun, O Fabozzi, F Iorio, AOM Lista, L Meola, S Merola, M Paolucci, P Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Bellan, P Bisello, D Branca, A Carlin, R Checchia, P Dorigo, T Dosselli, U Gasparini, F Gasparini, U Gozzelino, A Kanishchev, K Lacaprara, S Lazzizzera, I Margoni, M Meneguzzo, AT Nespolo, M Perrozzi, L Ronchese, P Simonetto, F Torassa, E Vanini, S Zotto, P Zumerle, G Gabusi, M Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Torre, P Vitulo, P Biasini, M Bilei, GM Fano, L Lariccia, P Lucaroni, A Mantovani, G Menichelli, M Nappi, A Romeo, F Saha, A Santocchia, A Taroni, S Azzurri, P Bagliesi, G Boccali, T Broccolo, G Castaldi, R D'Agnolo, RT Dell'Orso, R Fiori, F Foa, L Giassi, A Kraan, A Ligabue, F Lomtadze, T Martini, L Messineo, A Palla, F Palmonari, F Rizzi, A Serban, AT Spagnolo, P Squillacioti, P Tenchini, R Tonelli, G Venturi, A Verdini, PG Barone, L Cavallari, F Del Re, D Diemoz, M Grassi, M Longo, E Meridiani, P Micheli, F Nourbakhsh, S Organtini, G Pandolfi, F Paramatti, R Rahatlou, S Sigamani, M Soffi, L Amapane, N Arcidiacono, R Argiro, S Arneodo, M Biino, C Botta, C Cartiglia, N Castello, R Costa, M Demaria, N Graziano, A Mariotti, C Maselli, S Migliore, E Monaco, V Musich, M Obertino, MM Pastrone, N Pelliccioni, M Potenza, A Romero, A Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Sola, V Solano, A Staiano, A Pereira, AV Belforte, S Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Gobbo, B Marone, M Montanino, D Penzo, A Schizzi, A Heo, SG Kim, TY Nam, SK Chang, S Chung, J Kim, DH Kim, GN Kong, DJ Park, H Ro, SR Son, DC Son, T Kim, JY Kim, ZJ Song, S Jo, HY Choi, S Gyun, D Hong, B Jo, M Kim, H Kim, TJ Lee, KS Moon, DH Park, SK Seo, E Choi, M Kang, S Kim, H Kim, JH Park, C Park, IC Park, S Ryu, G Cho, Y Choi, Y Choi, YK Goh, J Kim, MS Kwon, E Lee, B Lee, J Lee, S Seo, H Yu, I Bilinskas, MJ Grigelionis, I Janulis, M Juodagalvis, A Castilla-Valdez, H De La Cruz-Burelo, E Heredia-de La Cruz, I Lopez-Fernandez, R Villalba, RM Martinez-Ortega, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Villasenor-Cendejas, LM Moreno, SC Valencia, FV Ibarguen, HAS Linares, EC Pineda, AM Reyes-Santos, MA Krofcheck, D Bell, AJ Butler, PH Doesburg, R Reucroft, S Silverwood, H Ahmad, M Asghar, MI Hoorani, HR Khalid, S Khan, WA Khurshid, T Qazi, S Shah, MA Shoaib, M Brona, G Bunkowski, K Cwiok, M Dominik, W Doroba, K Kalinowski, A Konecki, M Krolikowski, J Bialkowska, H Boimska, B Frueboes, T Gokieli, R Gorski, M Kazana, M Nawrocki, K Romanowska-Rybinska, K Szleper, M Wrochna, G Zalewski, P Almeida, N Bargassa, P David, A Faccioli, P Parracho, PGF Gallinaro, M Seixas, J Varela, J Vischia, P Belotelov, I Bunin, P Gavrilenko, M Golutvin, I Gorbunov, I Kamenev, A Karjavin, V Kozlov, G Lanev, A Malakhov, A Moisenz, P Palichik, V 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for B-S(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) decays SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID SIMULATION AB A search for the rare decays B-S(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) performed in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV, with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. In both decays, the number of events observed after all selection requirements is consistent with the expectation from background plus standard model signal predictions. The resulting upper limits on the branching fractions are B(B-S(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)) < 7.7 x 10(-9) and B(B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) ) < 1.8 x 10(-9) at 95% confidence level. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. 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S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Seidel, M.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Husemann, U.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudasz, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Krajczar, K.; Radics, B.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, EHEP, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, HECR, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Rolandi, G.] INFN, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. 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[Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Maestre, J. Alcaraz; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Vizan Garcia, J. 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M.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Coarasa Perez, J. A.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Co, C. Louren C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Pela, J.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; Ruiz del Arbol, P. Martinez; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Latos, K. Theo Fi; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturkz, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburnsmith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Muelmenstaedt, J.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Urthwein, F. W.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; DiMarco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lueking, L.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturkz, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilkiz, B.; Chung, K.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Radicci, V.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; De Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Korjenevski, S.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Richards, A.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Elgammal, S.; Khalil, S.] Zewail City Sci & Technol, Zewail, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Bluj, M.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. 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Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; Ministry of Education and Research [SF0690030s09]; European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; Science Foundation, Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University of NRF, Korea; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI; Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; Fundaccao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain; ETH Board; ETH Zurich; PSI; SNF; UniZH; Canton Zurich; SER; National Science Council, Taipei; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K; US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Foundation for Polish Science; European Union FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes. This work was supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; the Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Ministry of Education and Research, Recurrent financing contract SF0690030s09 and European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundaccao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation.; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Inclusive b-jet production in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; BEAUTY PRODUCTION; HERA AB The inclusive b-jet production cross section in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7TeV is measured using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The cross section is presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum in the range 18 < p(T) < 200 GeV for several rapidity intervals. The results are also given as the ratio of the b-jet production cross section to the inclusive jet production cross section. The measurement is performed with two different analyses, which differ in their trigger selection and b-jet identification: a jet analysis that selects events with a b jet using a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb(-1), and a muon analysis requiring a b jet with a muon based on an integrated luminosity of 3 pb(-1). In both approaches the b jets are identified by requiring a secondary vertex. The results from the two methods are in agreement with each other and with next-to-leading order calculations, as well as with predictions based on the PYTHIA event generator. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoch, M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Teischinger, F.; Wagner, P.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Bansal, S.; Benucci, L.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Luyckx, S.; Maes, T.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Selvaggi, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Charaf, O.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Dero, V.; Gay, A. P. R.; Hammad, G. H.; Hreus, T.; Leonard, A.; Marage, P. E.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wickens, J.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Adler, V.; Beernaert, K.; Cimmino, A.; Costantini, S.; Garcia, G.; Grunewald, M.; Klein, B.; Lellouch, J.; Marinov, A.; Mccartin, J.; Rios, A. A. Ocampo; Ryckbosch, D.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Vanelderen, L.; Verwilligen, P.; Walsh, S.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Bruno, G.; Ceard, L.; De Jeneret, J. De Favereau; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Gregoire, G.; Hollar, J.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Schul, N.] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Correa Martins Junior, M.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; Martins, T.; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Carvalho, W.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Oguri, V.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Silva Do Amaral, S. M.; Soares Jorge, L.; Sznajder, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Marinov, A.; Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Gregores, E. M.; Lagana, C.; Mercadante, P. G.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Tcholakov, V.; Trayanov, R.; Vutova, M.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Hadjiiska, R.; Karadzhinova, A.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Meng, X.; Tao, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Xiao, H.; Xu, M.; Zang, J.; Zhang, J.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, S.; Guo, Y.; Li, W.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Teng, H.; Wang, S.; Zhu, B.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Tech, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Cabrera, A.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Osorio Oliveros, A. F.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Dzelalija, M.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Assran, Y.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.; Khalil, S.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Hektor, A.; Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Czellar, S.; Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Sillou, D.] IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; Elgammal, S.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.] IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Ecole Polytech, Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Univ Strasbourg, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Baty, C.; Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Thyssen, F.; Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.; Schmidt, A.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.; Hoffmann, H. F.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.; Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] INFN Sez Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.; Adair, A.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.; Fabbri, F.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.; Acosta, D.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Biasotto, M.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gonella, F.; Gozzelino, A.; Gulmini, M.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Pegoraro, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.] INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.] INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.] INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Trapani, P. P.; Pereira, A. Vilela] INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Trapani, P. P.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Maestre, J. Alcaraz; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Gomez Moreno, B.; Sharma, A.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Ctr Nat Sci, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Belyaev, A.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Eld, S. Wake Fi; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.; Adair, A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Bellan, P.; Barge, D.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Zhu, R. Y.; Yang, F.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wittmer, B.; Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Wuerthwein, F.; Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois Chicago UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Ths, S. Gri Ffi; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Ivanov, Y.; Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Jindal, M.; Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, D.; Huang, X. 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Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306 FU Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique; Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP; Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; Ministry of Education and Research [SF0690030s09]; European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; National Scientific Research Foundation; National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy, India; Department of Science and Technology, India; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; Science Foundation, Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; NRF, Korea; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI; Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; ETH Board; ETH Zurich; PSI; SNF; UniZH; Canton Zurich; SER; National Science Council, Taipei; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey; Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Foundation for Polish Science; European Union FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes. This work was supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; the Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Ministry of Education and Research, Recurrent financing contract SF0690030s09 and European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation.; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 084 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)084 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943TM UT WOS:000304148100010 ER PT J AU Hall, LJ Pinner, D Ruderman, JT AF Hall, Lawrence J. Pinner, David Ruderman, Joshua T. TI A natural SUSY Higgs near 125 GeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Higgs Physics; Beyond Standard Model; Supersymmetric Standard Model ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; FINE-TUNING PROBLEM; MSSM; LEP; MASSES; BOSONS; PROGRAM; SECTOR; SIGNAL AB The naturalness of a Higgs boson with a mass near 125GeV is explored in a variety of weak-scale supersymmetric models. A Higgs mass of this size strongly points towards a non-minimal implementation of supersymmetry. The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model now requires large A-terms to avoid multi-TeV stops. The fine-tuning is at least 1% for low messenger scales, and an order of magnitude worse for high messenger scales. Naturalness is significantly improved in theories with a singlet superfield S coupled to the Higgs superfields via lambda SHuHd. If lambda is perturbative up to unified scales, a fine-tuning of about 10% is possible with a low mediation scale. Larger values of lambda, implying new strong interactions below unified scales, allow for a highly natural 125 GeV Higgs boson over a wide range of parameters. Even for lambda as large as 2, where a heavier Higgs might be expected, a light Higgs boson naturally results from singlet-doublet scalar mixing. Although the Higgs is light, naturalness allows for stops as heavy as 1.5 TeV and a gluino as heavy as 3 TeV. Non-ecoupling effects among the Higgs doublets can significantly suppress the coupling of the light Higgs to b quarks in theories with a large lambda, enhancing the gamma gamma and WW signal rates at the LHC by an order one factor relative to the Standard Model Higgs. C1 [Hall, Lawrence J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hall, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ljhall@lbl.gov; pinner@berkeley.edu; ruderman@berkeley.edu FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics,of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-1002399]; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science FX We thank Nima Arkani-Hamed, Asimina Arvanitaki, Yasunori Nomura, Matthew Reece, Pietro Slavich, and Giovanni Villadoro for helpful conversations. This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics,of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the National Science Foundation under grant PHY-1002399. J.T.R. is supported by a fellowship from the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science. NR 71 TC 278 Z9 278 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 131 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)131 PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943TM UT WOS:000304148100057 ER PT J AU Hook, A Jankowiak, M Wacker, JG AF Hook, Anson Jankowiak, Martin Wacker, Jay G. TI Jet dipolarity: top tagging with color flow SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Jets; QCD ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; EVENTS; LHC AB A new jet observable, dipolarity, is introduced that can distinguish whether a pair of subjets arises from a color singlet source. This observable is incorporated into the HEPTopTagger and is shown to improve discrimination between top jets and QCD jets for moderate to high p(T). C1 [Hook, Anson; Jankowiak, Martin; Wacker, Jay G.] SLAC, Theory Grp, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hook, Anson; Jankowiak, Martin] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Hook, A (reprint author), SLAC, Theory Grp, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM hook@stanford.edu; janko@stanford.edu; jgwacker@stanford.edu FU US DOE [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics; Sloan Foundation FX We would like to thank Maria Baryakhtar for collaboration at early stages of this work. We would also like to thank Tilman Plehn, Gavin Salam and Michael Spannowsky for providing us with their implementation of the HEPTopTagger. JW would like to thank Tilman Plehn, Gavin Salam, and David E. Kaplan for useful conversations during the course of this work. MJ would like to thank Jason Gallicchio for interesting conversations about color pull. MJ, AH and JGW are supported by the US DOE under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. MJ, AH and JGW receive partial support from the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics. JGW is partially supported by the US DOE's Outstanding Junior Investigator Award and the Sloan Foundation. NR 45 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 007 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)007 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600007 ER PT J AU Jankowiak, M Larkoski, AJ AF Jankowiak, Martin Larkoski, Andrew J. TI Angular scaling in jets SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Jets; Hadronic Colliders ID STRANGE ATTRACTORS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; EVENT; PHYSICS; LHC AB We introduce a jet shape observable defined for an ensemble of jets in terms of two-particle angular correlations and a resolution parameter R. This quantity is infrared and collinear safe and can be interpreted as a scaling exponent for the angular distribution of mass inside the jet. For small R it is close to the value 2 as a consequence of the approximately scale invariant QCD dynamics. For large R it is sensitive to non-perturbative effects. We describe the use of this correlation function for tests of QCD, for studying underlying event and pile-up effects, and for tuning Monte Carlo event generators. C1 [Jankowiak, Martin] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Univ, SITP, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Jankowiak, M (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM janko@stanford.edu; larkoski@stanford.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics; U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-PHY-0969510]; LHC Theory Initiative, Jonathan Bagger, PI FX We thank Michael Peskin for innumerable discussions on QCD and jets and for his comments on the draft of this paper. We thank Michael Spannowsky for helpful comments on the draft of this paper. We thank Ariel Schwarzman and Peter Loch for many useful conversations about jet measurements in ATLAS. We thank Spencer Gessner for his work on implementing the angular correlation function in the ATLAS analysis framework. We thank Jon Walsh for stimulating discussions on factorization and SCET. We thank Michael Seymour and Peter Skands for very helpful discussions of the underlying event models in Herwig++ and Pythia8. We thank Michael Seymour and the University of Manchester Particle Theory Group for their hospitality and support during a recent visit. We thank the Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics for their hospitality and the INFN for support throughout the 'Interpreting LHC Discoveries' workshop. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. M.J. receives partial support from the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics. A.L. is supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation, grant NSF-PHY-0969510, the LHC Theory Initiative, Jonathan Bagger, PI. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 039 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)039 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600039 ER PT J AU Saremi, O Son, DT AF Saremi, Omid Dam Thanh Son TI Hall viscosity from gauge/gravity duality SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE AdS-CFT Correspondence; Holography and condensed matter physics (AdS/CMT) AB In (2+1)-dimensional systems with broken parity, there exists yet another transport coefficient, appearing at the same order as the shear viscosity in the hydrodynamic derivative expansion. In condensed matter physics, it is referred to as "Hall viscosity". We consider a simple holographic realization of a (2+1)-dimensional isotropic fluid with broken spatial parity. Using techniques of fluid/gravity correspondence, we uncover that the holographic fluid possesses a nonzero Hall viscosity, whose value only depends on the near-horizon region of the background. We also write down a Kubo's formula for the Hall viscosity. We confirm our results by directly computing the Hall viscosity using the formula. C1 [Saremi, Omid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Saremi, Omid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Saremi, Omid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dam Thanh Son] Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Saremi, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM omid.saremi@berkeley.edu; son@phys.washington.edu FU DOE [DE-FG02-00ER41132, DE-AC02-05CH1123]; Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, department of physics at UC Berkeley FX We thank K. Jensen, M. Kaminski, R. Myers, and A. Yarom for discussions. O.S. would like to thank INT/University of Washington for hospitality and also Petr Horava, Alberto Nicolis and Kevin Schaeffer for discussions. The work of D.T.S. is supported, in part, by DOE grant No. DE-FG02-00ER41132. O.S. is supported by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, department of physics at UC Berkeley and in part by DOE, under contract DE-AC02-05CH1123 NR 21 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 091 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)09 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943TM UT WOS:000304148100017 ER PT J AU Senatore, L Zaldarriaga, M AF Senatore, Leonardo Zaldarriaga, Matias TI The effective field theory of multifield inflation SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking; Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM; Gauge Symmetry; Space-Time Symmetries ID DENSITY PERTURBATIONS AB We generalize the Effective Field Theory of Inflation to include additional light scalar degrees of freedom that are in their vacuum at the time the modes of interest are crossing the horizon. In order to make the scalars light in a natural way we consider the case where they are the Goldstone bosons of a global symmetry group or are partially protected by an approximate supersymmetry. We write the most general Lagrangian that couples the scalar mode associated to the breaking of time translation during inflation to the additional light scalar fields. This Lagrangian is constrained by diffeomorphism invariance and the additional symmetries that keep the new scalars light. This Lagrangian describes the fluctuations around the time of horizon crossing and it is supplemented with a general parameterization describing how the additional fluctuating fields can affect cosmological perturbations. We find that multifield inflation can reproduce the non-Gaussianities that can be generated in single field inflation but can also give rise to new kinds of non-Gaussianities. We find several new three-point function shapes. We show that in multifield inflation it is possible to naturally suppress the three-point function making the four-point function the leading source of detectable non-Gaussianities. We find that under certain circumstances, i.e. if specific shapes of non-Gaussianities are detected in the data, one could distinguish between single and multifield inflation and sometimes even among the various mechanisms that kept the additional fields light. C1 [Senatore, Leonardo] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Senatore, Leonardo] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Senatore, Leonardo] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Senatore, Leonardo; Zaldarriaga, Matias] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Senatore, L (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM senatore@stanford.edu; matiasz@ias.edu FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0503584, PHY-0855425, AST-0907969]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation FX We thank Nima Arkani-Hamed, Cliff Burgess, Richard Holman, Lam Hui, Shamit Kachru, Zohar Komargodski, Juan Maldacena, Michele Papucci, Massimo Porrati, David Shih, Eva Silverstein, Kendrick Smith, Yuji Tachikawa, Giovanni Villadoro and Jay Wacker for interesting conversations. L.S. is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under PHY-0503584. M.Z. is supported by the National Science Foundation under PHY-0855425 and AST-0907969 and by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. NR 57 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 024 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)024 PG 62 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600024 ER PT J AU Xun, Z Lee, DY Lim, J Canaria, CA Barnebey, A Yanonne, SM McMurray, CT AF Xun, Zhiyin Lee, Do-Yup Lim, James Canaria, Christie A. Barnebey, Adam Yanonne, Steven M. McMurray, Cynthia T. TI Retinoic acid-induced differentiation increases the rate of oxygen consumption and enhances the spare respiratory capacity of mitochondria in SH-SY5Y cells SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Indo-US Workshop on Base Excision DNA Repair, Brain Function and Aging CY JAN, 2011 CL Hyderabad, INDIA DE Retinoic acid; Neuroblastoma; Glycolysis; Oxidative phosphorylation ID NEURO-BLASTOMA CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; 13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; GLUCOKINASE ACTIVITY; GROWTH SUPPRESSION; INSULIN-SECRETION; COMPLEX-I; NEUROBLASTOMA; CANCER; APOPTOSIS AB Retinoic acid (RA) is used in differentiation therapy to treat a variety of cancers including neuroblastoma. The contributing factors for its therapeutic efficacy are poorly understood. However, mitochondria (MT) have been implicated as key effectors in RA-mediated differentiation process. Here we utilize the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line as a model to examine how RA influences MT during the differentiation process. We find that RA confers an approximately sixfold increase in the oxygen consumption rate while the rate of glycolysis modestly increases. RA treatment does not increase the number of MT or cause measurable changes in the composition of the electron transport chain. Rather, RA treatment significantly increases the mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity. We propose a competition model for the therapeutic effects of RA. Specifically, the high metabolic rate in differentiated cells limits the availability of metabolic nutrients for use by the undifferentiated cells and suppresses their growth. Thus. RA treatment provides a selective advantage for the differentiated state. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Xun, Zhiyin; Lee, Do-Yup; Lim, James; Canaria, Christie A.; Barnebey, Adam; Yanonne, Steven M.; McMurray, Cynthia T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McMurray, Cynthia T.] Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [McMurray, Cynthia T.] Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP McMurray, CT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ctmcmurray@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA092584]; NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES020766]; NINDS NIH HHS [RC1 NS069177-01, NS062384, NS40738, RC1 NS069177, R01 NS040738, R01 NS062384, R01 NS060115, R01 NS060115-01, NS060115, R01 NS062384-02, NS069177, RC1 NS069177-02] NR 56 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD APR PY 2012 VL 133 IS 4 SI SI BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.mad.2012.01.008 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 953TE UT WOS:000304895300011 PM 22336883 ER PT J AU Tsutakawa, SE Tainer, JA AF Tsutakawa, Susan E. Tainer, John A. TI Double strand binding-single strand incision mechanism for human flap endonuclease: Implications for the superfamily SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Indo-US Workshop on Base Excision DNA Repair, Brain Function and Aging CY JAN, 2011 CL Hyderabad, INDIA DE Structure-specific nuclease; Two metal; DNA binding; Replication; DNA repair; Flap endonuclease ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; URACIL-DNA GLYCOSYLASE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS; DAMAGE RECOGNITION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BREAK REPAIR; SUBSTRATE; INSIGHTS AB Detailed structural, mutational, and biochemical analyses of human FEN1/DNA complexes have revealed the mechanism for recognition of 5' flaps formed during lagging strand replication and DNA repair. FEN1 processes 5' flaps through a previously unknown, but structurally elegant double-stranded (ds) recognition/single stranded (ss) incision mechanism that both selects for 5' flaps and selects against ss DNA or RNA, intact dsDNA, and 3' flaps. Two major DNA binding interfaces, including a K+ bridge between the DNA and the H2TH motif, are spaced one helical turn apart and together select for substrates with dsDNA. A conserved helical gateway and a helical cap protects the two-metal active site and selects for ss flaps with free termini. Structures of substrate and product reveal an unusual step between binding substrate and incision that involves a double base unpairing with incision occurring in the resulting unpaired DNA or RNA. Ordering of the active site requires a disorder-to-order transition induced by binding of an unpaired 3' flap, which ensures that the product is ligatable. Comparison with FEN superfamily members, including XPG, EXO1, and GEN1, identifies superfamily motifs such as the helical gateway that select for ss-dsDNA junctions and provides key biological insights into nuclease specificity and regulation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsutakawa, Susan E.; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Tainer, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jat@scripps.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R01CA081967, P01 CA092584-12, P01 CA092584, R01 CA081967-13, R01 CA081967, R01 CA081967-12, P01 CA092584-11]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM105404] NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD APR PY 2012 VL 133 IS 4 SI SI BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.mad.2011.11.009 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 953TE UT WOS:000304895300013 PM 22244820 ER PT J AU Dong, X AF Dong, Xin TI HEAVY FLAVOR RESULTS AT RHIC - A COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY SEP 18-24, 2011 CL Krakow, POLAND SP Polish Acad Arts & Sci, Jan Kochanowski Univ, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Jagiellonian Univ, Cracow Univ Technol, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR AB I review the latest heavy flavor measurements at RHIC experiments. Measurements from RHIC together with preliminary results from LHC offer us an opportunity to systematically study the sQGP medium properties. In the end, I will outlook a prospective future on precision heavy flavor measurements with detector upgrades at RHIC. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dong, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS70R0319,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM XDong@lbl.gov RI Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014 OI Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU JAGIELLONIAN UNIV PRESS PI KRAKOW PA UL MICHALOWSKIEGO 9-2, KRAKOW, 31126, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 545 EP 552 DI 10.5506/APhysPolB.43.545 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947KR UT WOS:000304429400006 ER PT J AU Odyniec, G AF Odyniec, Grazyna TI SEARCH FOR THE CRITICAL POINT OF THE NUCLEAR MATTER PHASE DIAGRAM. FIRST RESULTS FROM THE BEAM ENERGY SCAN PROGRAM AT RHIC SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY SEP 18-24, 2011 CL Krakow, POLAND SP Polish Acad Arts & Sci, Jan Kochanowski Univ, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Jagiellonian Univ, Cracow Univ Technol, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS AB In 2010, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) launched a multi-step experimental program to investigate the QCD Phase Diagram in general, and to search for the QCD Critical Point (CP) and/or 1st order phase transition in particular. The BES (Beam Energy Scan) program involves an "energy scan" of Au+Au collisions from the top RHIC energy (root s = 200 GeV) down to energies as low as 5 GeV in NN center of mass. During the first BES run (2010), data were collected at 7.7, 11.5 and 39 GeV. It was complemented in 2011 by two other data sets at 27 and 19.6 GeV. The preparations for the remaining data taking at root s = 5 GeV are in progress. The overview of the BES program and the first experimental results are presented and discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Odyniec, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO PI KRAKOW PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 627 EP 634 DI 10.5506/APhysPolB.43.627 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947KR UT WOS:000304429400015 ER PT J AU Ma, GL Wang, XN AF Ma, Guo-Liang Wang, Xin-Nian TI COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HADRON- AND gamma-TRIGGERED AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY SEP 18-24, 2011 CL Krakow, POLAND SP Polish Acad Arts & Sci, Jan Kochanowski Univ, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Jagiellonian Univ, Cracow Univ Technol, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR AB In the framework of a multi-phase transport model, initial fluctuations in the transverse parton density lead to all orders of harmonic flows. Hadron-triggered azimuthal correlations include all contributions from harmonic flows, hot spots, and jet-medium excitations, which are isolated by using different initial conditions. We found that different physical components dominate different pseudorapidity ranges of dihadron correlations. Because gamma-triggered azimuthal correlations can only be caused by jet-medium interactions, a comparative study of hadron- and gamma-triggered azimuthal correlations can reveal more dynamics about jet-medium interactions. C1 [Ma, Guo-Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xin-Nian] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xin-Nian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, GL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO PI KRAKOW PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 IS 4 BP 697 EP 704 DI 10.5506/APhysPolB.43.697 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947KR UT WOS:000304429400023 ER PT J AU Sun, XQ Luo, HM Dai, S AF Sun, Xiaoqi Luo, Huimin Dai, Sheng TI Ionic Liquids-Based Extraction: A Promising Strategy for the Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycle SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; SURFACE-TENSION MEASUREMENTS; FUNCTIONALIZED SIDE-CHAINS; INDUCED REDOX REACTIONS; SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; DIFFERENT HEAD GROUPS; NITRIC-ACID MEDIUM; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; METAL-IONS C1 [Sun, Xiaoqi; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. [Sun, Xiaoqi] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Chem, State Key Lab Rare Earth Resource Utilizat, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX Research supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. X.Q.S. acknowledges Oak Ridge Associated Universities for postdoctoral fellowships. NR 336 TC 274 Z9 280 U1 23 U2 296 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD APR PY 2012 VL 112 IS 4 BP 2100 EP 2128 DI 10.1021/cr200193x PG 29 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 932IK UT WOS:000303283900005 PM 22136437 ER PT J AU Ruiz, MGH Ruderman, S Dougherty, U Kulkarni, A Waxman, I Hart, J Rajh, T Bissonnette, M Konda, VJ AF Ruiz, Mariano Gonzalez-Haba Ruderman, Sarah Dougherty, Urszula Kulkarni, Anirudh Waxman, Irving Hart, John Rajh, Tijana Bissonnette, Marc Konda, Vani J. TI In Vivo Assessments of EGFR Expression Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Experimental Models of Colon Cancer SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Digestive Disease Week (DDW) CY MAY 19-22, 2012 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Ruiz, Mariano Gonzalez-Haba; Dougherty, Urszula; Kulkarni, Anirudh; Waxman, Irving; Hart, John; Bissonnette, Marc; Konda, Vani J.] Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ruderman, Sarah] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Rajh, Tijana] Argonne Natl Labs, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 75 IS 4 SU S BP 222 EP 223 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 946CU UT WOS:000304328001134 ER PT J AU Payri, R Gimeno, J Marti, P Manin, J AF Payri, R. Gimeno, J. Marti, P. Manin, J. TI Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW LA English DT Article DE Diesel sprays; Fuel concentration; Laser diagnostics; Fluorescence (LIF) ID ILLUMINATION; SCATTERING; MEDIA AB The mixing of isothermal liquid sprays in engine-like conditions has been investigated by applying the structured planar laser imaging technique to remove multiple light scattering. The intensity of the illumination plane has been recovered by removing multiply scattered light and mapping the spray three-dimensionally via discrete tomography. Based on the extinction of light within the illumination plane, the number density has been extracted. Coupled with 2-D maps of droplet diameters obtained through LIF/Mie ratio, the number density allowed to calculate the fuel concentration in the sprays. The mixture fraction of DI Diesel sprays injected into an inert environment held at room temperature has been evaluated and compared to a 2-D model based on gas-jet theory. The experimental results showed good agreement with the predictions when a Gaussian radial distribution is assumed and the Schmidt number is correctly tuned. Differences in the radial distribution has been observed and related to incomplete momentum transfer between the liquid spray and the surrounding gases. For different testing conditions, while the influence of ambient density on mixing was expected, the effect of injection pressure has been found to provide additional information concerning the global mixing of liquid sprays. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Manin, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Payri, R.; Gimeno, J.; Marti, P.] Univ Politecn Valencia, CMT Motores Term, Valencia 46022, Spain. RP Manin, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jmanin@sandia.gov RI Payri, Raul/B-3662-2009; Gimeno, Jaime/H-9848-2015 OI Payri, Raul/0000-0001-7428-5510; Gimeno, Jaime/0000-0003-3317-9994 FU Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacin (Spanish Ministry of Sciences) [TRA2010-17564] FX This research has been funded in the frame of the project FLEX-IFUEL reference TRA2010-17564 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacin (Spanish Ministry of Sciences) The authors thank Jose Enrique del Rey (from CMT-Motores Termicos, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia) for his collaboration during the experimental setup. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0142-727X J9 INT J HEAT FLUID FL JI Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow PD APR PY 2012 VL 34 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2011.12.007 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 944QV UT WOS:000304219800009 ER PT J AU Basunia, MS AF Basunia, M. Shamsuzzoha TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=29 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; PROTON INELASTIC-SCATTERING; LYING EXCITED STATES; SD-SHELL NUCLEI; LINEAR-POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS; ANGULAR-CORRELATION MEASUREMENTS; REACTION SI-28 D; BETA-DECAY; ENERGY-LEVELS AB Evaluated spectroscopic data and level schemes from radioactive decay and nuclear reaction studies are presented for F-29, Ne-29, Na-29, Mg-29, Al-29, Si-29, P-29, S-29, and Cl-29. This evaluation for A=29 supersedes the earlier evaluation by P.M.Endt (1998En04 and 1990En08) and is benefitted from an earlier evaluation (1978En02) also by P.M.Endt. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Basunia, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Research sponsored by Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.968 NR 229 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD APR PY 2012 VL 113 IS 4 BP 909 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.04.001 PG 63 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 944YE UT WOS:000304238900001 ER PT J AU Nichols, AL Singh, B Tuli, JK AF Nichols, Alan L. Singh, Balraj Tuli, Jagdish K. TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=62 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; CAPTURE GAMMA-RAYS; SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; HALF-LIFE MEASUREMENTS; INELASTIC DEUTERON SCATTERING; FUSION-EVAPORATION REACTIONS; 2-NEUTRON TRANSFER-REACTIONS; CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENT; GIANT DIPOLE RESONANCE AB Experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 62 (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted properties of levels and gamma rays. New high-spin data are available for Ga-62, and Zn-62. Results of in beam gamma ray studies for Cu-62 producing high-spin states are in conflict in terms of gamma-ray placements and branching ratios, In the opinion of the evaluators, a detailed study of high-spin structures in Cu-62 is needed to obtain a consistent and confident level scheme. Precise studies of superallowed beta decay of Ga-62 to Zn-62 by several groups have extended the decay scheme. No significant new data, since the 2000 NDS for A=62 (2000Hu18), have been reported for Co-62, Ni-62 and Cu-62. No data are yet available for excited states in Ti-62 and V-62, and those for Cr-62 and Ge-62 are scarce. The level lifetime data are available in very few cases. The radioactive decay schemes of Ti-62 and Ge-62 are unknown, and those for V-62, Cr-62 and 92 ms Mn-62 are scantily known. The data presented here supersede those in the earlier NDS publications. C1 [Nichols, Alan L.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Singh, Balraj] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Tuli, Jagdish K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Nichols, AL (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. FU office of Science of the U.S. DOE; NSERC of Canada FX Work supported by the office of Science of the U.S. DOE, and at McMaster, also by the NSERC of Canada. NR 410 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD APR PY 2012 VL 113 IS 4 BP 973 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.04.002 PG 141 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 944YE UT WOS:000304238900002 ER PT J AU Choi, IK Choun, YS Kim, MK Nie, J Braverman, JI Hofmayer, CH AF Choi, In-Kil Choun, Young-Sun Kim, Min Kyu Nie, Jinsuo Braverman, Joseph I. Hofmayer, Charles H. TI IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF AGING-RELATED DEGRADATION OCCURRENCES IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aging; Component Degradation; Degradation Occurrence; Passive Components AB Aging-related degradation of nuclear power plant components is an important aspect to consider in securing the long term safety of the plant, especially the seismic safety, since the degradation of the components affects not only their seismic capacity but their response. This can cause a change in the seismic margin of a component and the overall seismic safety of a system. To better understand the status and characteristics of degradation of components in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), the degradation occurrences of components in the U.S. NPPs were identified by reviewing recent publicly available information sources and the characteristics of these occurrences were evaluated and compared to observations from the past. Ten categories of components that are of high risk significance in Korean NPPs were identified, comprising anchorage, concrete, containment, exchanger, filter, piping systems, reactor pressure vessels, structural steel, tanks, and vessels. Software tools were developed to expedite the review process. Results from this review effort were compared to previous data in the literature to characterize the overall degradation trends. C1 [Choi, In-Kil; Choun, Young-Sun; Kim, Min Kyu] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305353, South Korea. [Nie, Jinsuo; Braverman, Joseph I.; Hofmayer, Charles H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Choi, IK (reprint author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305353, South Korea. EM cik@kaeri.re.kr FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea FX This research was supported by the Mid- and Long-Term Nuclear Research & Development Program of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC PI DAEJEON PA NUTOPIA BLDG, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, DAEJEON, 305-308, SOUTH KOREA SN 1738-5733 J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL JI Nucl. Eng. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 44 IS 3 BP 297 EP 310 DI 10.5516/NET.03.2010.048 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944FM UT WOS:000304184700007 ER PT J AU Pietnoczka, A Bacewicz, R Slupinski, T Antonowicz, J Wei, SH AF Pietnoczka, A. Bacewicz, R. Slupinski, T. Antonowicz, J. Wei, Su-Huai TI Local Structure Around Te in Heavily Doped GaAs:Te using X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS; ALXGA1-XAS; EFFICIENCY AB The annealing of heavily doped GaAs:Te can significantly change the free electron concentration in a reversible manner. These changes of electrical properties are accompanied by the structural changes of GaAs:Te solid solution. We used X-ray Absorption Fine Structure at K-edge of tellurium to determine local changes around Te atoms for different states of the GaAs:Te crystals caused by the annealing corresponding to different electron concentrations. The best EXAFS fit for the samples with high electron concentration was obtained for the substitutional Te-As model with elongated Te-Ga bonds (as compared to the As-Ca distance). For the samples in the low concentration state the best fit was for the pairs of Te atoms forming a rhombohedral symmetry double-DX centre, with the proportional admixture of the substitutional tellurium C1 [Pietnoczka, A.; Bacewicz, R.; Antonowicz, J.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. [Slupinski, T.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Pietnoczka, A (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Phys, Koszykowa 75, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. EM pietnoczka@if.pw.edu.pl RI Antonowicz, Jerzy/G-5852-2012 OI Antonowicz, Jerzy/0000-0002-7781-7540 FU Polish State Committee for Scientific Research [IP2010 031370] FX This work was supported by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research, Project No. IP2010 031370. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD APR PY 2012 VL 121 IS 4 BP 879 EP 882 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941NQ UT WOS:000303970300033 ER PT J AU Carenco, S Boissiere, C Mezailles, N Sanchez, C AF Carenco, Sophie Boissiere, Cedric Mezailles, Nicolas Sanchez, Clement TI Metal phosphides: a revival at the nanoscale SO ACTUALITE CHIMIQUE LA French DT Article DE Nanoparticles; metal phosphides; nickel phosphide; white phosphorus; nanocatalysis; alkyne hydrogenation ID AMORPHOUS ALLOY; INP/ZNS NANOCRYSTALS; INP NANOCRYSTALS; NICKEL PHOSPHIDE; NANOPARTICLES; DESIGN; HYDROGENATION; DECOMPOSITION; COMPLEXES; CATALYSTS AB Metal phosphides: a revival at the nanoscale The metal phosphide family (MxPy alloys) has been available for centuries. Yet it remained largely ignored, though it was exploited in the second half of the XXth century in the field of semi-conductors. Nowadays, the "nano" hype offers an ideal background to metal phosphides to demonstrate their fundamental and applicative potential. On the one hand, quantum effect at the nanoscaled in InP and GaP semi-conductors allowed the development of tunable inorganic dyes (quantum dots). On the other hand, metal phosphides have found relevant applications in industrial catalysis because of their exceptional sulfur resistance and unexpected selectivities in certain reactions. Herein, an original synthetic route to metal phosphide nanoparticles is proposed. It relies on the reaction of a highly reactive phosphorus species, white phosphorus, on metal nanoparticles. Interestingly, this reaction yields metal phosphide nanoparticles (Ni2P, InP, Pb2P, Zn3P2) in soft conditions, compared with traditional routes, and allows an excellent control on composition, size and shape of the resulting objects. Lastly, Ni2P nanoparticles are highlighted as an advantageous catalyst in alkyne hydrogenation: while the nickel nanoparticles yield the alkanes, the Ni2P ones show a very good selectivity for the alkenes for a large scope of substrates. C1 [Boissiere, Cedric; Sanchez, Clement] UPMC, Lab Chim Mat Condensee Paris, Coll France, CNRS,UMR 7574, F-75231 Paris, France. [Carenco, Sophie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mezailles, Nicolas] Ecole Polytech, Lab Heteroelements & Coordinat, CNRS, UMR7 653, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Sanchez, C (reprint author), UPMC, Lab Chim Mat Condensee Paris, Coll France, CNRS,UMR 7574, 11 Pl Marcelin, F-75231 Paris, France. EM scarenco@lbl.gov; nicolas.mezailles@polytechnique.edu; clement.sanchez@upmc.fr RI Carenco, Sophie/D-6512-2011; SANCHEZ, CLEMENT/B-7097-2014 OI Carenco, Sophie/0000-0002-6164-2053; NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU SOC FRANCAISE CHIMIE PI PARIS PA 250 RUE SAINT-JACQUES, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0151-9093 J9 ACTUAL CHIMIQUE JI Actual Chim. PD APR PY 2012 IS 362 BP 22 EP 28 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 940PK UT WOS:000303905300009 ER PT J AU Gardner, JS Ehlers, G Diallo, SO AF Gardner, J. S. Ehlers, G. Diallo, S. O. TI Neutron Studies of Tb2Mo2O7 SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PYROCHLORE ANTIFERROMAGNET TB2TI2O7; SPIN DYNAMICS; Y2MO2O7; OXIDES AB We have used the new high energy resolution spectrometer (BaSiS), at the Spallation Neutron Source in Oak Ridge, to conclusively prove the existence of a low energy mode at 0.34(1) meV in the spin glass Tb2Mo2O7. This mode is reminiscent of the excitation observed in the ordered phases of both Tb2Ti2O7 and Tb25Sn2O7. The dynamical nature of the transition seen in the magnetization at similar to 25 K suggests that this frustrated magnet shows a dynamic crossover between a high-temperature phase of poorly correlated, quickly relaxing spins to a low-temperature regime with much slower, short ranged spin correlations extending no further than to the next nearest neighbor. Existing theories explain the spin glass transition in terms of a phase transition and order parameters, and assume the existence of a distinct spin glass phase. There is no evidence for such a phase in Tb2Mo2O7. C1 [Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Gardner, J. S.] NIST, NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Ehlers, G.; Diallo, S. O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gardner, JS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, 2401 Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. EM jsg@nist.gov RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016 OI Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391 FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772] FX We thank John Greedan, Ashfia Huq and our other collaborators on these frustrated spin glass compounds for useful discussions. The Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy. The NCNR is in part funded by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA PI TAIPEI PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 0577-9073 J9 CHINESE J PHYS JI Chin. J. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 SI SI BP 256 EP 261 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942PZ UT WOS:000304060000011 ER PT J AU Meagher, RJ Thaitrong, N AF Meagher, Robert J. Thaitrong, Numrin TI Microchip electrophoresis of DNA following preconcentration at photopatterned gel membranes SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE Chip electrophoresis; Ion permselective; Nanoporous membrane; Nucleic acids; Sieving separation ID ELECTROKINETIC CONCENTRATION ENRICHMENT; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; NANOPOROUS MEMBRANES; CHIP; SEPARATION; PROTEINS; ISOTACHOPHORESIS; FRAGMENTS; AMPLIFICATION AB Rapid separation of nucleic acids by microchip electrophoresis could streamline many biological applications, but conventional chip injection strategies offer limited sample stacking, and thus limited sensitivity of detection. We demonstrate the use of photopatterned polyacrylamide membranes in a glass microfluidic device, with or without fixed negative charges, for preconcentration of double-stranded DNA prior to electrophoretic separation to enhance detection limits. We compared performance of the two membrane formulations (neutral or negatively charged) as a function of DNA fragment size, preconcentration time, and preconcentration field strength, with the intent of optimizing preconcentration performance without degrading the subsequent electrophoretic separation. Little size-dependent bias was observed for either membrane formulation when concentrating dsDNA > 100 bp in length, while the negatively charged membrane more effectively blocks passage of single-stranded oligonucleotide DNA (20-mer ssDNA). Baseline resolution of a six-band dye-labeled ladder with fragments 1002000 bp in size was obtained in <120 s of separation time, with peak efficiencies in the range of 200015?000 plates/cm, and detection limits as low as 1 pM per single dye-labeled fragment. The degree of preconcentration is tunable by at least 49-fold, although the efficiency of preconcentration was found to have diminishing returns at high field and/or long times. The neutral membrane was found to be more robust than the negatively charged membrane, with approximately 2.5-fold larger peak area during the subsequent separation, and less decrease in resolution upon increasing the preconcentration field strength. C1 [Meagher, Robert J.; Thaitrong, Numrin] Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Meagher, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rmeaghe@sandia.gov RI Thaitrong, Numrin/H-1434-2011 FU Sandia National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank Thomas Niedringhaus and Dr. Annelise Barron (Stanford University) for the sample of PDMA sieving polymer. We also thank Ron Renzi, Dan Yee, and Jim Van De Vreugde for assistance with power supplies, and Anson Hatch and Anup Singh for helpful discussions. RJM acknowledges support from Sandia National Laboratories' Early Career LDRD (Laboratory-Directed Research and Development) program. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1236 EP 1246 DI 10.1002/elps.201100675 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 942JO UT WOS:000304040500002 PM 22589100 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbia, E Acharya, BS Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TP Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Aktas, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Andrieux, ML Anduaga, XS Angerami, A Anghinolfi, F Anjos, N Annovi, A Antonaki, A Antonelli, M Antonov, A Antos, J Anulli, F Aoun, S Bella, LA Apolle, R Arabidze, G Aracena, I Arai, Y Arce, ATH Archambault, JP Arfaoui, S Arguin, JF Arik, E Arik, M Armbruster, AJ Arnaez, O Arnault, C Artamonov, A Artoni, G Arutinov, D Asai, M Asai, S Asfandiyarov, R Ask, S Asman, B Asner, D Asquith, L Assamagan, K Astbury, A Astvatsatourov, A Atoian, G Aubert, B Auge, E Augsten, K Aurousseau, M Austin, N Avolio, G Avramidou, R Axen, D Ay, C Azuelos, G Azuma, Y Baak, MA Baccaglioni, G Bacci, C Bach, AM Bachacou, H Bachas, K Bachy, G Backes, M Backhaus, M Badescua, E Bagnaia, P Bahinipati, S Bai, Y Bailey, DC Bain, T Baines, JT Baker, OK Baker, MD Baker, S Banas, E Banerjee, P Banerjee, S Banfi, D Bangert, A Bansal, V Bansil, HS Barak, L Baranov, SP Barashkou, A Galtieri, AB Barber, T Barberio, EL Barberis, D Barbero, M Bardin, DY Barillari, T Barisonzi, M Barklow, T Barlow, N Barnett, BM Barnett, RM Baroncelli, A Barone, G Barr, AJ Barreiro, F da Costa, JBG Barrillon, P Bartoldus, R Barton, AE Bartsch, D Bartsch, V Bates, RL Batkova, L Batley, JR Battaglia, A Battistin, M Battistoni, G Bauer, F Bawa, HS Beare, B Beau, T Beauchemin, PH Beccherle, R Bechtle, P Beck, GA Beck, HP Beckingham, M Becks, KH Beddall, AJ Beddall, A Bedikian, S Bednyakov, VA Bee, CP Begel, M Harpaz, SB Behera, PK Beimforde, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bell, PJ Bell, WH Bella, G Bellagamba, L Bellina, F Bellomo, M Belloni, A Beloborodova, O Belotskiy, K Beltramello, O Ben Ami, S Benary, O Benchekrouna, D Benchouk, C Bendel, M Benekos, N Benhammou, Y Benjamin, DP Benoit, M Bensinger, JR Benslama, K Bentvelsen, S Beretta, M Berge, D Kuutmann, EB Berger, N Berghaus, F Berglund, E Beringer, J Bernardet, K Bernat, P Bernhard, R Bernius, C Berry, T Bertin, A Bertinelli, F Bertolucci, F Besana, MI Besson, N Bethke, S Bhimji, W Bianchi, RM Bianco, M Biebel, O Bieniek, SP Bierwagen, K Biesiada, J Bigliettia, M Bilokon, H Bindi, M Binet, S Bingul, A Bini, C Biscarat, C Bitenc, U Black, KM Blair, RE Blanchard, JB Blanchot, G Blazek, T Blocker, C Blocki, J Blondel, A Blum, W Blumenschein, U Bobbink, GJ Bobrovnikov, VB Bocchetta, SS Bocci, A Boddy, CR Boehler, M Boek, J Boelaert, N Boser, S Bogaerts, JA Bogdanchikov, A Bogouch, A Bohm, C Boisvert, V Bold, T Boldea, V Bolnet, NM Bona, M Bondarenko, VG Bondioli, M Boonekamp, M Boorman, G Booth, CN Bordoni, S Borer, C Borisov, A Borissov, G Borjanovic, I Borroni, S Bos, K Boscherini, D Bosman, M Boterenbrood, H Botterill, D Bouchami, J Boudreau, J Bouhova-Thacker, EV Bourdarios, C Bousson, N Boveia, A Boyd, J Boyko, IR Bozhko, NI Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I Bracinik, J Braem, A Branchini, P Brandenburg, GW Brandt, A Brandt, G Brandt, O Bratzler, U Brau, B Brau, JE Braun, HM Brelier, B Bremer, J Brenner, R Bressler, S Breton, D Britton, D Brochu, FM Brock, I Brock, R Brodbeck, TJ Brodet, E Broggi, F Bromberg, C Brooijmans, G Brooks, WK Brown, G Brown, H de Renstrom, PAB Bruncko, D Bruneliere, R Brunet, S Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruschi, M Buanes, T Bucci, F Buchanan, J Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, P Buckingham, RM Buckley, AG Buda, SI Budagov, IA Budick, B Buscher, V Bugge, L Buira-Clark, D Bulekov, O Bunse, M Buran, T Burckhart, H Burdin, S Burgess, T Burke, S Busato, E Bussey, P Buszello, CP Butin, F Butler, B Butler, JM Buttar, CM Butterworth, JM Buttinger, W Caballero, J Urban, SC Caforio, D Cakir, O Calafiura, P Calderini, G Calfayan, P Calkins, R Caloba, LP Caloi, R Calvet, D Calvet, S Toro, RC Camarri, P Cambiaghi, M Cameron, D Campana, S Campanelli, M Canale, V Canelli, F Canepa, A Cantero, J Capasso, L Garrido, MDMC Caprini, I Caprini, M Capriotti, D Capua, M Caputo, R Caramarcu, C Cardarelli, R Carli, T Carlino, G Carminati, L Caron, B Caron, S Montoya, GDC 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Zalite, Yo. K. Zanello, L. Zarzhitsky, P. Zaytsev, A. Zeitnitz, C. Zeller, M. Zeman, M. Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenin, O. Zenis, T. Zinonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G. Zevi Zhan, Z. Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zheng, S. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zieminska, D. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zmouchko, V. V. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Zolnierowski, Y. Zsenei, A. Nedden, M. Zur Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for decays of stopped, long-lived particles from 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID SPLIT SUPERSYMMETRY; COLLIDERS AB New metastable massive particles with electric and colour charge are features of many theories beyond the Standard Model. A search is performed for long-lived gluino-based R-hadrons with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 31 pb(-1). We search for evidence of particles that have come to rest in the ATLAS detector and decay at some later time during the periods in the LHC bunch structure without proton-proton collisions. No significant deviations from the expected backgrounds are observed, and a cross-section limit is set. It can be interpreted as excluding gluino-based R-hadrons with masses less than 341 GeV at the 95 % C.L., for lifetimes from 10(-5) to 10(3) seconds and a neutralino mass of 100 GeV. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Aktas, A.; Barber, T.; Beckingham, M.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Caron, S.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Eckert, S.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Ketterer, C.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. 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M.; Hazen, E.; Lewandowska, M.; Love, J.; Marin, A.; Nation, N. R.; Posch, C.; Shank, J. T.; Whitaker, S. P.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Blocker, C.; Kirsch, L. E.; Pomeroy, D.; Skvorodnev, N.; Wellenstein, H.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Caloba, L. P.; Cerqueira, A. S.; Coura Torres, R.; Da Silva, P. V. M.; Maidantchik, C.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Perantoni, M.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Begel, M.; Bernius, C.; Caballero, J.; Caramarcu, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Salgado, P. E. 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[Feng, C.; Ge, P.; Li, H.; Liu, D.; Meng, Z.; Miao, J.; Wang, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan City, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Aubiere, France. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Copic, K.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. 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[Bold, T.; Ciba, K.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Jelen, K.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Rulikowska-Zarebska, E.; Toczek, B.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Ilchenko, Y.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Liang, Z.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Renkel, P.; Rios, R. R.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.; Zarzhitsky, P.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Galyaev, E.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Bechtle, P.; Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Notz, D.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Placakyte, R.; Qin, Z.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Tackmann, K.; Terwort, M.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. [Bechtle, P.; Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Notz, D.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Placakyte, R.; Qin, Z.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Tackmann, K.; Terwort, M.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klaiber-Lodewigs, J.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Walbersloh, J.; Weber, J.; Wunstorf, R.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. 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Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Pickford, A.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delsart, P. A.; Donini, J.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delsart, P. A.; Donini, J.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delsart, P. A.; Donini, J.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Prasad, S.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Childers, J. T.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Radescu, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenne, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Marino, C. P.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Rust, D. R.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Nelson, A.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Austin, N.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Prichard, P. M.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Beck, G. A.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Martin, A. J.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Traynor, D.; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Boorman, G.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Green, B.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Boeser, S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Dobson, E.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Llorente Merino, J.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Rodier, S.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Neusiedl, A.; Rieke, S.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.; Anh, T. Vu] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Freestone, J.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Jones, G.; Keates, J. R.; Kelly, M.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Martyniuk, A. C.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Potter, K. P.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Thompson, R. J.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bernardet, K.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Delpierre, P.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Petit, E.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bernardet, K.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Delpierre, P.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Petit, E.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pueschel, E.; Thompson, E. N.; van Eldik, N.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davey, W.; Davidson, N.; Felzmann, C. U.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbia, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Battistoni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Costa, G.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Sorbi, M.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Acerbia, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Sorbi, M.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Kuzhir, P.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Guler, H.; Gutierrez, A.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Soldatov, E.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Rauter, E.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.; Timmermans, C. J. W. P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Koutsman, A.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; Van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Koutsman, A.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; Van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Moss, J.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Kocnar, A.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Reinsch, A.; Robinson, M.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; Collard, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Diglio, S.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; Collard, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Diglio, S.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Beauchemin, P. H.; Boddy, C. R.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Buira-Clark, D.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Doglioni, C.; Farrington, S. M.; Fopma, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hawes, B. M.; Horton, K.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Mermod, P.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Wastie, R.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Lanza, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hance, M.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Nesterov, S. Y.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Zalite, Yo. K.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopesa, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzick, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Golovnia, S. N.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Kopikov, S. V.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Fisher, S. M.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Greenfield, D.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Oakham, F. G.; Phillips, P. W.; Qian, W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Villani, E. G.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Ju, X.; Ming, Y.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] INFN Sez Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Luci, C.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Bigliettia, M.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Spiriti, E.; Stanescu, C.] INFN Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekrouna, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Le Menedeu, E.; Legendre, M.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Xu, C.; Yu, J.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bangert, A.; Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Dubbs, T.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Daly, C. H.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Policicchio, A.; Rothberg, J.; Twomey, M. S.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Stahl, T.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Asai, M.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kim, P. C.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Nemecek, S.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Wright, D.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavinaa, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Leney, K. J. C.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Hidvegi, A.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Ramstedt, M.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Ramstedt, M.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Caputo, R.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Yurkewicz, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Caputo, R.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Yurkewicz, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Lee, J. S. H.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Varvell, K. E.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Ben Ami, S.; Bressler, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Landsman, H.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.; Urkovsky, E.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Beare, B.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Caron, B.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Rodriguez Garcia, Y.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bold, T.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Corso-Radu, A.; Deng, J.; Dobson, M.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Okawa, H.; Porter, R.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; McPherson, R. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Kashif, L.; La Rosa, A.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Grah, C.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Siebel, A.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Atoian, G.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Hsu, P. J.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amorim, A.; Lopesa, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Lopesa, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Corriveau, F.; McPherson, R. A.; Robertson, S. H.; Sobie, R.; Teuscher, R. J.] Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Kono, T.; Terwort, M.; Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.; Trivedi, A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. RP Aad, G (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, Hugstetter Str 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. RI Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; 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Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; Kuzhir, Polina/H-8653-2012; valente, paolo/A-6640-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011 OI Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Quinonez Granados, Fernando Andres/0000-0002-0153-6160; Belanger-Champagne, Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617; Prokofiev, Kirill/0000-0002-2177-6401; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Chen, Chunhui /0000-0003-1589-9955; Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; abi, babak/0000-0001-7036-9645; Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Turra, Ruggero/0000-0001-8740-796X; Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Strube, Jan/0000-0001-7470-9301; Beck, Hans Peter/0000-0001-7212-1096; Salamanna, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0861-0052; Della Volpe, Domenico/0000-0001-8530-7447; Cranmer, Kyle/0000-0002-5769-7094; Klinkby, Esben Bryndt/0000-0002-1908-5644; Pomarede, Daniel/0000-0003-2038-0488; Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357; Casadei, Diego/0000-0002-3343-3529; Mendes Saraiva, Joao Gentil/0000-0002-7006-0864; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171; Chromek-Burckhart, Doris/0000-0003-4243-3288; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Gray, Heather/0000-0002-5293-4716; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Vari, Riccardo/0000-0002-2814-1337; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Nisati, Aleandro/0000-0002-5080-2293; Bailey, David C/0000-0002-7970-7839; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Chen, Hucheng/0000-0002-9936-0115; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; 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Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Kuzhir, Polina/0000-0003-3689-0837; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; NRC; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS; MOST; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR; MPO CR; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS; ERC; European Union; IN2P3-CNRS; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF; DFG; HGF; MPG; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF; MINERVA; GIF; DIP; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM; Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER; SNSF; Canton of Bern; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC; Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 64 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 AR 1965 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1965-6 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 942BF UT WOS:000304013800011 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Andrieux, ML Anduaga, XS Angerami, A 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Cavalleri, P Cavalli, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cavasinni, V Ceradini, F Cerqueira, AS Cerri, A Cerrito, L Cerutti, F Cetin, SA Cevenini, F Chafaq, A Chakraborty, D Chan, K Chapleau, B Chapman, JD Chapman, JW Chareyre, E Charlton, DG Chavda, V Barajas, CAC Cheatham, S Chekanov, S Chekulaev, SV Chelkov, GA Chelstowska, MA Chen, C Chen, H Chen, S Chen, T Chen, X Cheng, S Cheplakov, A Chepurnov, VF El Moursli, RC Chernyatin, V Cheu, E Cheung, SL Chevalier, L Chiefari, G Chikovani, L Childers, JT Chilingarov, A Chiodini, G Chizhov, MV Choudalakis, G Chouridou, S Christidi, IA Christov, A Chromek-Burckhart, D Chu, ML Chudoba, J Ciapetti, G Ciba, K Ciftci, AK Ciftci, R Cinca, D Cindro, V Ciobotaru, MD Ciocca, C Ciocio, A Cirilli, M Citterio, M Ciubancan, M Clark, A Clark, PJ Cleland, W Clemens, JC Clement, B Clement, C Clifft, RW Coadou, Y Cobal, M Coccaro, A Cochran, J Coe, P Cogan, JG Coggeshall, J Cogneras, E Cojocaru, CD Colas, J Colijn, AP Collins, NJ Collins-Tooth, C Collot, J Colon, G 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Zhuravlov, V. Zieminska, D. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zmouchko, V. V. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Zolnierowski, Y. Zsenei, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking with the ATLAS detector based on a disappearing-track signature in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID SUPERGAUGE TRANSFORMATIONS; MASS-DEGENERATE; MODEL; GENERATORS; CHARGINOS; PIONS AB In models of anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB), the lightest chargino is predicted to have a lifetime long enough to be detected in collider experiments. This letter explores AMSB scenarios in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV by attempting to identify decaying charginos which result in tracks that appear to have few associated hits in the outer region of the tracking system. 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J.; Dowell, J. D.; Garvey, J.; Hadley, D. R.; Harrison, K.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Martin, T. A.; Mclaughlan, T.; Newman, P. R.; O'Neale, S. W.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Akdogan, T.; Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.; Rador, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Div Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bingul, A.; Diblen, F.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Bellagamba, L.; Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Giacobbe, B.; Giusti, P.; Jha, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Spighia, R.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Caforio, D.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Romano, M.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Anders, C. F.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Fischer, P.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Gonella, L.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Janus, M.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kokott, T.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Kruth, A.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. 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P.; Cojocaru, C. D.; Di Girolamo, A.; Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Amaral, P.; Anastopoulos, C.; Anghinolfi, F.; Baak, M. A.; Bachas, K.; Bachy, G.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellina, F.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bertinelli, F.; Bianchi, R. M.; Blanchot, G.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Braem, A.; Bremer, J.; Burckhart, H.; Butin, F.; Campana, S.; Capeans Garrido, M. D. M.; Carli, T.; Cataneo, F.; Catinaccio, A.; Catmore, J. R.; Cattai, A.; Cerri, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Cook, J.; Cote, D.; Danielsson, H. 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[Bai, Y.; Cheng, S.; Han, H.; Jin, S.; Lu, F.; Ouyang, Q.; Shan, L. Y.; Tong, G.; Xie, Y.; Xu, G.; Yang, Y.; Yuan, L.; Zheng, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Jin, G.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Xu, C.; Zhang, D.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Huainan City, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.; Chen, T.; Ping, J.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Feng, C.; Ge, P.; He, M.; Miao, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Aubiere, France. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Aubiere, France. [Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Perez Reale, V.; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Driouichi, C.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. 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H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Mattig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Perez Cavalcanti, T.; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Qin, Z.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Gomez Fajardo, L. S.; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Mattig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Perez Cavalcanti, T.; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Qin, Z.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klaiber-Lodewigs, J.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Walbersloh, J.; Weber, J.; Wunstorf, R.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.; Wen, M.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gaumer, O.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mermod, P.; Mora Herrera, C.; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Oropeza Barrera, C.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Barreiro Guimaraes da Costa, J.; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Prasad, S.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Childers, J. T.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kasieczka, G.; Radescu, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Hiroshima 730, Japan. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Rust, D. R.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] JINR Dubna, Dubna, Russia. [Abdesselam, A.; Ahmad, A.; Akiyama, A.; Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Barashkou, A.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Teixeira Dias Castanheira, M.; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Boorman, G.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Boeser, S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjoernmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; LlorenteMerino, J.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Rodier, S.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.; Anh, T. Vu] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Jones, G.; Keates, J. R.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; van Eldik, N.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Santamarina Rios, C.; Schram, M.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Nunes Hanninger, G.; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Battistoni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsoua, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzantia, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Gutierrez, A.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Macana Goia, J. A.; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] ITEP, Moscow, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Genest, M. H.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; Della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Rocha de Lima, J. G.; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Moss, J.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Reinsch, A.; Robinson, M.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Anisenkov, A.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Buira-Clark, D.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Doglioni, C.; Farrington, S. M.; Fopma, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Wastie, R.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Zalite, Yo. K.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguensa, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Golovnia, S. N.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Kopikov, S. V.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] INFN Sez Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] INFN Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Res Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA Marrakech, Fac Sci Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Le Menedeu, E.; Legendre, M.; Mal, P.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA, CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Cuhadar Donszelmann, T.; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Stahl, T.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kim, P. C.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Ramstedt, M.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. 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[Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Behar Harpaz, S.; Ben Ami, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Landsman, H.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Beare, B.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Benitez Garcia, J. A.; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Rodriguez Garcia, Y.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Abdesselam, A.; Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, IMB, CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Castaneda Hernandez, A. M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Mellado Garcia, B. R.; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Pedraza Morales, M. I.; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Strohmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Hen, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Mattig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Siebel, A.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Cuenca Almenar, C.; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Lopes, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Lopes, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, Lisbon, Portugal. [Apolle, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Corriveau, F.; McPherson, R. A.; Robertson, S. H.; Sobie, R.; Teuscher, R. J.] Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Dobson, E.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Guler, H.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. 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RI Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; 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Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Di Micco, Biagio/J-1755-2012; Giordano, Raffaele/J-3695-2012; Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; valente, paolo/A-6640-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; Delmastro, Marco/I-5599-2012; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Weigell, Philipp/I-9356-2012 OI Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; NRC; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS; MOST; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR; MPO CR; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET; ERC; European Union; IN2P3-CNRS; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF; DFG; HGF; MPG; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF; MINERVA; GIF; DIP; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM; Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER; SNSF; Canton of Bern; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC; Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 60 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 AR 1993 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1993-2 PG 20 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 942BF UT WOS:000304013800004 ER PT J AU Kraml, S Allanach, BC Mangano, M Prosper, HB Sekmen, S Balazs, C Barr, A Bechtle, P Belanger, G Belyaev, A Benslama, K Campanelli, M Cranmer, K De Roeck, A Dolan, MJ Eifert, T Ellis, JR Felcini, M Fuks, B Guadagnoli, D Gunion, JF Heinemeyer, S Hewett, J Ismail, A Kadastik, M Kramer, M Lykken, J Mahmoudi, F Martin, SP Rizzo, T Robens, T Tytgat, M Weiler, A AF Kraml, S. Allanach, B. C. Mangano, M. Prosper, H. B. Sekmen, S. Balazs, C. Barr, A. Bechtle, P. Belanger, G. Belyaev, A. Benslama, K. Campanelli, M. Cranmer, K. De Roeck, A. Dolan, M. J. Eifert, T. Ellis, J. R. Felcini, M. Fuks, B. Guadagnoli, D. Gunion, J. F. Heinemeyer, S. Hewett, J. Ismail, A. Kadastik, M. Kraemer, M. Lykken, J. Mahmoudi, F. Martin, S. P. Rizzo, T. Robens, T. Tytgat, M. Weiler, A. TI Searches for new physics: Les Houches recommendations for the presentation of LHC results SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article AB We present a set of recommendations for the presentation of LHC results on searches for new physics, which are aimed at providing a more efficient flow of scientific information between the experimental collaborations and the rest of the high energy physics community, and at facilitating the interpretation of the results in a wide class of models. Implementing these recommendations would aid the full exploitation of the physics potential of the LHC. C1 [Kraml, S.] UJF Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS IN2P3, INPG, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Allanach, B. C.] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, CMS, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Mangano, M.; Sekmen, S.; De Roeck, A.; Ellis, J. R.; Mahmoudi, F.] CERN, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Prosper, H. B.; Sekmen, S.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Balazs, C.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. [Barr, A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Bechtle, P.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Belanger, G.; Guadagnoli, D.] Univ Savoie, LAPTH, CNRS, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, NExT Inst, Southampton, Hants, England. [Belyaev, A.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Chilton, England. [Benslama, K.] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Campanelli, M.] UCL, London WC1B 6BT, England. [Cranmer, K.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Dolan, M. J.] Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Eifert, T.; Hewett, J.; Ismail, A.; Rizzo, T.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ellis, J. R.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Felcini, M.; Heinemeyer, S.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Fuks, B.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, Dept Rech Subatom,Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Guadagnoli, D.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Gunion, J. F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kadastik, M.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Kraemer, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Lykken, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Mahmoudi, F.; Martin, S. P.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,LPC, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Martin, S. P.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Martin, S. P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Robens, T.] Tech Univ Dresden, IKTP, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Tytgat, M.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Weiler, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Kraml, S (reprint author), UJF Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS IN2P3, INPG, 53 Ave Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France. EM sabine.kraml@lpsc.in2p3.fr RI Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Ellis, John/J-2222-2012; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; OI Ellis, John/0000-0002-7399-0813; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Allanach, Benjamin/0000-0003-4635-6830; DOLAN, MATTHEW/0000-0003-3420-8718; Cranmer, Kyle/0000-0002-5769-7094; Fuks, Benjamin/0000-0002-0041-0566 FU IN2P3; Royal Society; STFC; ARC Centre of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Terascale; London Centre for Terauniverse Studies (LCTS); European Research Council [267352]; US DOE [DE-FG03-91ER40674, DE-FG02-97ER41022] FX This work has been partially supported by IN2P3, the Royal Society, STFC, and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Terascale. The work of JE is supported in part by the London Centre for Terauniverse Studies (LCTS), using funding from the European Research Council via the Advanced Investigator Grant 267352. JFG is supported by US DOE grant DE-FG03-91ER40674. HBP and SS are supported in part by US DOE grant DE-FG02-97ER41022. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 AR 1976 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1976-3 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 942BF UT WOS:000304013800021 ER PT J AU Upreti, G Greene, DL Duleep, KG Sawhney, R AF Upreti, Girish Greene, David L. Duleep, K. G. Sawhney, Rapinder TI Fuel cells for non-automotive uses: Status and prospects SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE PEM fuel cell; Fuel cell market model; Fuel cell industry; Policy; Impact ID EXPERIENCE CURVES AB Fuel cells are in varying stages of commercialization for both automotive and non-automotive applications. The fuel cell industry has made substantial progress but still needs to reduce costs and improve performance to compete successfully with established technologies. In just 5 years, costs have been reduced by a factor of two while improving efficiency and durability. Based on interviews with fuel cell manufacturers in the U.S., Japan and the EU and information from published sources, a model of non-automotive fuel cell markets is constructed and used to estimate the impacts of government policies and to project the potential evolution of the industry to 2025. The model includes the effects of learning-by-doing, scale economies and exogenous technological progress on component and system costs, estimates customer choices between fuel cell and competing established technologies, and attempts to measure the impacts of government policies. With continued policy support it appears likely that the industry can become self-sustaining within the next decade. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Upreti, Girish; Sawhney, Rapinder] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ind & Informat Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Greene, David L.] Univ Tennessee, Howard H Baker Jr Ctr Publ Policy, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Greene, David L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Duleep, K. G.] HD Syst, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Upreti, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ind & Informat Engn, 416 E Stadium Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM girishup7@gmail.com FU DOE's Office of Fuel Cell Technologies' Systems Analysis Subprogram FX The authors are grateful to representatives of the fuel cell manufacturers, Japanese government, staff of the National Organization Wasserstoff, and others interviewed for this study. This work was funded by the DOE's Office of Fuel Cell Technologies' Systems Analysis Subprogram. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 8 BP 6339 EP 6348 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.060 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 941GS UT WOS:000303952300001 ER PT J AU Luo, WF Stavila, V Klebanoff, LE AF Luo, Weifang Stavila, Vitalie Klebanoff, Leonard E. TI New insights into the mechanism of activation and hydrogen absorption of (2LiNH(2)-MgH2) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen storage material; Li-Mg-NH2 storage system; Reaction mechanism; absorption/desorption rates; Catalysis ID MG-N-H; STORAGE-SYSTEM; DESORPTION; KINETICS; IMIDES; AMIDE; LIH AB 2LiNH(2)-MgH2 is considered an attractive material for reversible hydrogen storage. In an attempt to improve the hydrogen storage characteristics of the 2LiNH(2)-MgH2 system, the activation mechanism of the material, as well as the improvement in hydrogen absorption rates through doping were explored. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) investigations reveal that the initial and irreversible conversion process 2LiNH(2)+MgH2 -> 2LiH + Mg(NH2)(2) is exothermic, indicating it is energetically favorable for this initial conversion of the starting material. The exothermicity of this first step explains why the original starting material (2LiNH(2) + MgH2) is never regenerated during re-hydrogenation of the desorbed product. Adding catalytic amounts (<4 mol %) of potassium hydride (KH) significantly increases the hydrogen absorption rate of the desorbed material, and has a less dramatic effect on the kinetics of hydrogen desorption. Pressure-Composition-Temperature (PCT) studies for the KH-catalyzed material indicate a substantial hydrogen equilibrium pressure of 20 atm at 180 degrees C. The fast absorption rate obtained via using KH catalysis allows a more accurate equilibrium measurement. The changes of enthalpy and entropy for the conversion of catalyzed (2LiH + Mg(NH2)(2)) to Li2Mg(NH)(2) with hydrogen release were determined from the van't Hoff plot. These values for the enthalpy and entropy of hydrogen desorption are Delta H = 40 kJ/mol H-2, and Delta S = 99 J/K-mole H-2, respectively. This Delta H value is similar to that reported previously by Wang et al. for the K-catalyzed material and previous measurements for the un-catalyzed material. The similarity of the Delta H values for both K-doped and un-doped material confirms KH is acting catalytically and not thermodynamically. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Weifang; Stavila, Vitalie; Klebanoff, Leonard E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Luo, WF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wluo@sandia.gov RI Stavila, Vitalie/B-6464-2008 OI Stavila, Vitalie/0000-0003-0981-0432 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors thank Dr. Ping Chen at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, China for valuable discussions and our colleague Mr. K. Stewart at Sandia for technical support. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 8 BP 6646 EP 6652 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.019 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 941GS UT WOS:000303952300032 ER PT J AU Langmi, HW McGrady, GS Newhouse, R Ronnebro, E AF Langmi, Henrietta W. McGrady, G. Sean Newhouse, Rebecca Roennebro, Ewa TI Mg2FeH6-LiBH4 and Mg2FeH6-LiNH2 composite materials for hydrogen storage SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen storage; Composite hydride; Transition metal hydride ID DECOMPOSITION; HYDRIDES; MAGNESIUM; MG2COH5; NICKEL; ALLOYS; ANIONS; LIBH4 AB Two composite hydrogen storage materials based on Mg2FeH6 were investigated for the first time. The Mg2FeH6-LiBH4 composite of molar ratio 1:5 showed a hydrogen desorption capacity of 5.6 wt.% at 370 degrees C, and could be rehydrogenated to 3.6 wt.% with the formation of MgH2, as the material was heated to 445 degrees C and held at this temperature. The Mg2FeH6-LiNH2 composite of 3:10 molar ratio exhibited a hydrogen desorption capacity of 4.3 wt.% and released hydrogen at 100 degrees C lower then the Mg2FeH6-LiBH4 composite, but this mixture could not be rehydrogenated. Compared to neat Mg2FeH6, both composites show enhanced hydrogen storage properties in terms of desorption kinetics and capacity at these low temperatures. In particular, Mg2FeH6-LiNH2 exhibits a much lower desorption temperature than neat Mg2FeH6, but only Mg2FeH6-LiBH4 re-absorbs hydrogen. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Langmi, Henrietta W.; McGrady, G. Sean] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Chem, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Newhouse, Rebecca] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Roennebro, Ewa] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP McGrady, GS (reprint author), Univ New Brunswick, Dept Chem, POB 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. EM smcgrady@unb.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; Office of Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy; HSM Systems Inc. FX We are grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, HSM Systems Inc., and the Office of Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy for support of this work. Dennis Morrison is acknowledged for skilful technical assistance related to the high-pressure experiments at SNL. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 8 BP 6694 EP 6699 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.020 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 941GS UT WOS:000303952300037 ER PT J AU Kisslinger, LS Henley, EM Johnson, MB AF Kisslinger, Leonard S. Henley, Ernest M. Johnson, Mikkel B. TI TIME REVERSAL IN NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS (vol 20, pg 2463, 2011) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Kisslinger, Leonard S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Henley, Ernest M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnson, Mikkel B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kisslinger, LS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM kissling@andrew.cmu.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 AR 1292001 DI 10.1142/S0218301312920012 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 941YG UT WOS:000304004700010 ER PT J AU Alaan, US Wong, FJ Grutter, AJ Iwata-Harms, JM Mehta, VV Arenholz, E Suzuki, Y AF Alaan, U. S. Wong, F. J. Grutter, A. J. Iwata-Harms, J. M. Mehta, V. V. Arenholz, E. Suzuki, Y. TI Structure and magnetism of nanocrystalline and epitaxial (Mn,Zn,Fe)(3)O-4 thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID LITHIUM FERRITE; SPINEL AB Nanocrystalline (NC) textured Mn0.5Zn0.6Fe1.9O4 (MZFO) films, grown at room temperature on both isostructural and non-isostructural substrates, show magnetization values significantly suppressed from epitaxial MZFO films. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements indicate larger ratios of Fe3+ to Fe2+ ions on the tetrahedral sites in the NC films compared to the epitaxial films. The magnetization loops of the NC films are shifted by 200-400 Oe at low temperatures. No such effect is observed in the epitaxial films. We hypothesize that the presence of a more structurally disordered, possibly magnetically frustrated, matrix exchange biases the crystalline regions. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3676619] C1 [Alaan, U. S.; Wong, F. J.; Grutter, A. J.; Iwata-Harms, J. M.; Mehta, V. V.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Grutter, A. J.; Mehta, V. V.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alaan, US (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM usalaan@gmail.com OI Alaan, Urusa/0000-0003-1109-3399 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0226]; National Science Foundation [0604277, 1104401]; Army Research Office [MURI W911NF-08-1-0317]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Gopalan Srinivasan for the MZFO targets and K. M. Yu for his assistance in RBS data collection. We also thank Jostein Grepstad, Chunyong He, John L. R. Watts, Matthew Gray, Ted Sanders, Kari Thorkelsson, Jayakanth Ravichandran, Morgan Trassin, and Matt Lucas for useful discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-10-1-0226. U. S. A. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. F.J.W. is supported by the Army Research Office under Grant No. MURI W911NF-08-1-0317. A.J.G., V. V. M., and the Advanced Light Source are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. J.M.I. is supported by the NSF Grant Nos. 0604277 and 1104401. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A337 DI 10.1063/1.3676619 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400038 ER PT J AU Ballinger, J Wenger, LE Vohra, YK Sefat, AS AF Ballinger, Jared Wenger, Lowell E. Vohra, Yogesh K. Sefat, Athena S. TI Magnetic properties of single crystal EuCo2As2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB Magnetization measurements at ambient pressure have been performed on single crystal EuCo2As2, a compound having a similar crystalline structure as the pressure-induced EuFe2As2 superconductor. Similar to the magnetic characteristics of EuFe2As2 at ambient pressure, the effective paramagnetic moment at high temperatures arises primarily from the Eu2+ spins, with the Eu2+ spins ordering antiferromagnetically below 39 K. Also, a strong anisotropic behavior is found below this ordering temperature in both magnetic field and temperature dependences. While the magnetization at the lowest temperatures increases nearly linearly with field for fields parallel to the c-axis, the magnetization for fields parallel to the ab-plane exhibits a step-like behavior before further increasing linearly to the highest applied field of 5.0 T. This behavior can be explained in terms of a spin-reorientation of the Eu2+ spins being in an A-type antiferromagnetic structure. However, unlike for EuFe2As2, no evidence is found for any spin density wave transition at higher temperatures. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3671410] C1 [Ballinger, Jared; Wenger, Lowell E.; Vohra, Yogesh K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham UAB, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Sefat, Athena S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wenger, LE (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham UAB, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM wenger@uab.edu RI Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016 OI Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504 FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 35 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E106 DI 10.1063/1.3671410 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401219 ER PT J AU Belyea, DD Santos, TS Miller, CW AF Belyea, Dustin D. Santos, Tiffany S. Miller, Casey W. TI Magnetocaloric effect in epitaxial La0.56Sr0.44MnO3 alloy and digital heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB This work investigates the magnetocaloric effect of two epitaxial manganite heterostructures, one being a single layer La0.56Sr0.44MnO3 alloy with randomly distributed La and Sr cations, the other a digitally synthesized superlattice of LaMnO3 and SrMnO3 fabricated to be compositionally identical to the alloy. The magnetic entropy change and relative cooling power were larger for the alloy than the superlattice, though both are suppressed relative to bulk materials. These results indicate that disorder of the A-site cation species in the perovskite structure may play a crucial role in defining the magnetocaloric effect in complex oxide materials. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3677670] C1 [Belyea, Dustin D.; Miller, Casey W.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Ctr Integrated Funct Mat, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Santos, Tiffany S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Belyea, DD (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Ctr Integrated Funct Mat, 4202 EastFowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM dbelyea@mail.usf.edu RI C, Y/G-5456-2010 FU NSF-CAREER; AFOSR-YIP; US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Supported in part by NSF-CAREER and AFOSR-YIP; use of the CNM was supported by the US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A935 DI 10.1063/1.3677670 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400139 ER PT J AU Bonilla, CM Calvo, I Herrero-Albillos, J Figueroa, AI Castan-Guerrero, C Bartolome, J Rodriguez-Velamazan, JA Schmitz, D Weschke, E Paudyal, D Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Bartolome, F Garcia, LM AF Bonilla, C. M. Calvo, I. Herrero-Albillos, J. Figueroa, A. I. Castan-Guerrero, C. Bartolome, J. Rodriguez-Velamazan, J. A. Schmitz, D. Weschke, E. Paudyal, D. Pecharsky, V. K. Gschneidner, K. A., Jr. Bartolome, F. Garcia, L. M. TI New magnetic configuration in paramagnetic phase of HoCo2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID RCO2 AB X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements on HoCo2 reveal the inversion of Co moment at temperatures higher than the critical temperature, T-c, showing that the net magnetization under a field of the Ho and Co sublattices remain antiparallel even above T-c. The Ho moment also changes its orientation to align antiparallel to the applied field at high temperature giving rise to a new magnetic configuration in the paramagnetic regime. Transverse susceptibility (TS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements performed above T-c indicate the existence of sizable magnetic short-range correlated regions in HoCo2. First principles calculations based on spin polarized local-density approximation, LSDA+U have been performed to obtain insights on the origin of the short-range correlated volume. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3672258] C1 [Bonilla, C. M.; Calvo, I.; Herrero-Albillos, J.; Figueroa, A. I.; Castan-Guerrero, C.; Bartolome, J.; Rodriguez-Velamazan, J. A.; Bartolome, F.; Garcia, L. M.] Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Calvo, I.; Rodriguez-Velamazan, J. A.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Herrero-Albillos, J.] Acad Gen Mil Uni Zaragoza, Ctr Univ Def, Zaragoza 50090, Spain. [Herrero-Albillos, J.; Schmitz, D.; Weschke, E.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Paudyal, D.; Pecharsky, V. K.; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Paudyal, D.; Pecharsky, V. K.; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bonilla, CM (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. EM mbonilla@unizar.es RI RODRIGUEZ-VELAMAZAN, Jose Alberto/E-7679-2012; Herrero-Albillos, Julia/I-5462-2012; Weschke, Eugen/J-4404-2013; Herrero-Albillos, Julia/B-9837-2009; Bartolome, Fernando/K-1700-2014; Bartolome Sanjoaquin, Juan/G-2715-2014; Figueroa, Adriana/B-7161-2011; Castan-Guerrero, Celia/M-2381-2014 OI Castan-Guerrero, Celia/0000-0002-7066-7340; RODRIGUEZ-VELAMAZAN, Jose Alberto/0000-0002-8505-5232; Herrero-Albillos, Julia/0000-0002-0901-8341; Weschke, Eugen/0000-0002-2141-0944; Herrero-Albillos, Julia/0000-0002-0901-8341; Bartolome, Fernando/0000-0002-0047-1772; Bartolome Sanjoaquin, Juan/0000-0002-6517-1236; Figueroa, Adriana/0000-0002-8498-9383; FU Aragonese IMANA; European FEDER; US DOE [DE- AC02-07-CH11358]; Spanish MICINN; [MAT2011-23791] FX The financial support of MAT2011-23791, and Aragonese IMANA projects, as well as from European FEDER funds is acknowledged. Work at the Ames Laboratory is supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE- AC02-07-CH11358. The authors acknowledge neutron source ILL and photon source BESSY. C. M. Bonilla acknowledges a Spanish MICINN grant. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E315 DI 10.1063/1.3672258 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401278 ER PT J AU Botello-Zubiate, ME Matutes-Aquino, JA Ayala-Valenzuela, OE Jaime, M AF Botello-Zubiate, M. E. Matutes-Aquino, J. A. Ayala-Valenzuela, O. E. Jaime, M. TI Critical magnetic fields in the rutheno-cuprates Ru(1-x)NbxSr2Eu1.4Ce0.6Cu2O10 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB II-type superconducting rutheno-cuprates are both interesting and challenging systems where there is a coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism, so far poorly understood. The magnetic transitions that occur before the superconducting transition in Ru-1212 are simpler and better understood than those found in Ru-1222. In this work, polycrystalline Ru(1-x)NbxSr2Eu1.4Ce0.6Cu2O10 samples (Ru-1222) with x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6, were prepared by conventional solid state reaction using stoichiometric amounts of high purity oxide powders: RuO2, Nb2O5, SrCO3, Eu2O3, CeO2, and CuO. The phases were identified by x-ray diffraction. From electrical resistance measurements as a function of the applied magnetic field at different temperatures (4 to 40 K), the H-c2 critical field or a lower limit of this was determined for each composition. At the lower measurement temperatures, from T = 4 K to T = 20 K, it was only possible to set a lower limit for the critical magnetic field, H-c2, of 140 kOe for compositions x = 0 and 0.2, while for compositions x = 0.4 and 0.6 the critical magnetic field, H-c2, were 110 and 84 kOe, respectively at T = 4 K. The dependence of these critical magnetic fields, H-c2, with temperature and composition is discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3676418] C1 [Botello-Zubiate, M. E.; Matutes-Aquino, J. A.] Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados SC, Dept Integridad & Diseno Mat Compuestos, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico. [Ayala-Valenzuela, O. E.; Jaime, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Botello-Zubiate, ME (reprint author), Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados SC, Dept Integridad & Diseno Mat Compuestos, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico. EM eugenia.botello@cimav.edu.mx RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 FU Magnetism at the nanoscale in ceramics and alloys [CONACYT 83890] FX This research has been supported by the project CONACYT 83890 "Magnetism at the nanoscale in ceramics and alloys." M. E. Botello and J. A. Matutes-Aquino would like to thank the NHMFL at Los Alamos for helping with PPMS measurements. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D713 DI 10.1063/1.3676418 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401176 ER PT J AU Cheng, C Kaznatcheev, K Bailey, WE AF Cheng, Cheng Kaznatcheev, Konstantine Bailey, William E. TI Stochastic limits in synchronous imaging of sub-micron magnetization dynamics using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB We demonstrate a synchronous (lock-in) technique for imaging thin-film magnetization dynamics using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM). Gated photon counting synchronized with magnetic field modulation allows image acquisition with differential contrast for high and low magnetization. We have applied this technique to 5 x 12 mu m(2) Ni81Fe19 ellipses with well-defined closure domains at remanence. The stochastic nature of the domain wall motion and nucleation is apparent in images recorded during cycling along successive major hysteresis loops. Synchronous imaging shows the clearest enhancement of contrast for small-amplitude domain wall motion, with a less obvious benefit at higher fields/displacements. The technique shows promise for the contrast enhancement of magnetization in dynamics in STXM. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673825] C1 [Cheng, Cheng; Bailey, William E.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, Mat Sci & Engn Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kaznatcheev, Konstantine] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cheng, C (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, Mat Sci & Engn Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM cc3043@columbia.edu FU NSF [ECCS-0925829] FX We acknowledge the NSF Grant No. ECCS-0925829 for support. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E321 DI 10.1063/1.3673825 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401284 ER PT J AU Crowther, LJ Nlebedim, IC Jiles, DC AF Crowther, L. J. Nlebedim, I. C. Jiles, D. C. TI Developments in deep brain stimulation using time dependent magnetic fields SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID CORTEX AB The effect of head model complexity upon the strength of field in different brain regions for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been investigated. Experimental measurements were used to verify the validity of magnetic field calculations and induced electric field calculations for three 3D human head models of varying complexity. Results show the inability for simplified head models to accurately determine the site of high fields that lead to neuronal stimulation and highlight the necessity for realistic head modeling for TMS applications. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3676623] C1 [Crowther, L. J.; Nlebedim, I. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Crowther, LJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM crowther@iastate.edu FU Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX Research at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences (Contract No: DE-AC02-07CH11358). NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07B325 DI 10.1063/1.3676623 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400186 ER PT J AU Desautels, RD Chen, YY Ouyang, H Lo, SC Freeland, JW van Lierop, J AF Desautels, R. D. Chen, Y. -Y. Ouyang, H. Lo, S. -C. Freeland, J. W. van Lierop, J. TI Field dependence of the interfacial Cu in Cu-coated gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB Evidence of elemental copper magnetism in Cu-coated gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was revealed by element specific x-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). An interfacial layer of magnetic CuO was discovered that interacted with the Fe3+ surface magnetic moments. This unexpected exchange interaction canted the moments of the CuO, so that a non-zero net magnetic moment was measured. XMCD measurements as a function of field on the copper coated gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles indicated that the CuO magnetic moment was aligned with the octahedral Fe3+ and its magnetization was modified by the changing applied field. With increasing copper thickness, a stronger field dependence of the Fe3+ and Cu2+ magnetization was observed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3676228] C1 [Desautels, R. D.; van Lierop, J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Chen, Y. -Y.; Ouyang, H.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Lo, S. -C.] Ind Technol Res Inst, Mat & Chem Res Labs, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan. [Freeland, J. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Desautels, RD (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM rddesautels@physics.umanitoba.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canada Foundation for Innovation. Use of the APS at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of TEM facilities was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07B518 DI 10.1063/1.3676228 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400215 ER PT J AU Du, MH AF Du, Mao-Hua TI First-principles study of impurities in TlBr SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID CADMIUM ZINC TELLURIDE; RADIATION DETECTOR; THALLIUM BROMIDE; PERFORMANCE; PURIFICATION; CRYSTALS AB TlBr is a promising semiconductor material for room-temperature radiation detection. Material purification has been the driver for the recent improvement in the TlBr detector performance, mainly reflected by the significant increase in the carrier mobility-lifetime product. This suggests that impurities have significant impact on the carrier transport in TlBr. In this paper, first-principles calculations are used to study the properties of a number of commonly observed impurities in TlBr. The impurity-induced gap states are presented and their effects on the carrier trapping are discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702574] C1 [Du, Mao-Hua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Du, Mao-Hua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Du, MH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Du, Mao-Hua/B-2108-2010 OI Du, Mao-Hua/0000-0001-8796-167X FU U.S. DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA22] FX This work was supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development NA22. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 073519 DI 10.1063/1.3702574 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402077 ER PT J AU Franco, A Silva, FCE Zapf, VS AF Franco, A., Jr. Silva, F. C. e Zapf, Vivien S. TI High temperature magnetic properties of Co1-xMgxFe2O4 nanoparticles prepared by forced hydrolysis method SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID NANOCRYSTALS AB In this work, we study the effect of Mg2+ nonmagnetic ions on the magnetic properties of cubic Co1-xMgxFe2O4 mixed nanostructured ferrites synthesized by a forced hydrolysis method. Magnetization measurements show that all specimens are superparamagnetic at room temperature, and the saturation magnetization (M-s) decreases with increasing the molar magnesium concentration, being 260 emu/cm(3) and 160 emu/cm(3) for x = 0.0 and 0.6, respectively. The Curie temperature T-C, similar to 740 K is determined by means of the inverse of the susceptibility versus temperature and slightly depends on the Mg content. The effective anisotropy constant, (K-eff) decreases with substitution of Co2+ ion by nonmagnetic Mg2+ ions in the spinel structure. These results are discussed in terms of interparticle interactions induced by the thermal fluctuations, cation distribution and other imperfections that could increase with temperature. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3677923] C1 [Franco, A., Jr.; Silva, F. C. e] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Fis, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Silva, F. C. e] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Quim, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Zapf, Vivien S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Franco, A (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Fis, CP 131, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM franco@if.ufg.br RI Zapf, Vivien/K-5645-2013; Franco Jr, Adolfo/L-3515-2014 OI Zapf, Vivien/0000-0002-8375-4515; Franco Jr, Adolfo/0000-0001-6428-6640 FU Brazilian agency: CNPq; Brazilian agency: CAPES; CNPq [306981/2009-0]; NSF; DOE; State of Florida [DMR901624] FX We are grateful to the financial support provided by Brazilian agencies: CNPq and CAPES. One the authors (A.F.) is a CNPq fellowship under Grant No. 306981/2009-0. Work at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory was supported by the NSF, the DOE, and the State of Florida under cooperative agreement DMR901624. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07B530 DI 10.1063/1.3677923 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400227 ER PT J AU Golkar, F Kramer, MJ Zhang, Y McCallum, RW Skomski, R Sellmyer, DJ Shield, JE AF Golkar, Farhad Kramer, M. J. Zhang, Y. McCallum, R. W. Skomski, R. Sellmyer, D. J. Shield, J. E. TI Structure and magnetic properties of Co-W clusters produced by inert gas condensation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID NANOPARTICLES AB In this article, inert-gas condensation was used to synthesize Co-W clusters. The formation, structure, and magnetic properties of the clusters were investigated. Sub-10-nm clusters were obtained, and the structures and average sizes were strongly dependent on sputtering power. At low sputtering powers, the clusters were predominantly amorphous, while, at high sputtering power, the clusters were crystalline. X ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed clusters with hcp structure at high sputtering power. The magnetic properties were dependent on the sputtering power and temperature, with the highest coercivity of 810 Oe at 10 K for high sputtering power. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3676425] C1 [Golkar, Farhad; Skomski, R.; Sellmyer, D. J.; Shield, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Kramer, M. J.; Zhang, Y.; McCallum, R. W.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Golkar, F (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM farhad518@huskers.unl.edu FU Department of Energy-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicles Technology Office, PEEM [DE-AC02-07CH11358, SC-10-343] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicles Technology Office, PEEM program under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 for the operation of Ames Laboratory (USDOE) and Sub-contract No. SC-10-343 to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07B524 DI 10.1063/1.3676425 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400221 ER PT J AU Ipus, JJ Herre, P Ohodnicki, P McHenry, ME AF Ipus, J. J. Herre, P. Ohodnicki, P. McHenry, M. E. TI High temperature x ray diffraction determination of the body-centered-cubic-face-centered-cubic transformation temperature in (Fe70Ni30)(88)Zr7B4Cu1 nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID FE-NI SYSTEM; CRYSTALLIZATION; ALLOYS; PHASE; KINETICS AB In situ high-temperature x ray diffraction and magnetization measurements were performed on a melt-spun (Fe70Ni30)(88)Zr7B4Cu1 amorphous alloy to follow its structural evolution. At 728 K, a bcc-FeNi phase was observed as the primary crystallization product followed by transformation to an fcc phase similar to 773 K. During cooling to room temperature, the fcc-to-bcc transformation was not observed, and the metastable fcc-NiFe phase was retained at room temperature. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3675990] C1 [Ipus, J. J.; McHenry, M. E.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Herre, P.] IFW Dresden, Inst Metall Mat, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Ohodnicki, P.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP McHenry, ME (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mm7g@andrew.cmu.edu RI McHenry, Michael/B-8936-2009; IPUS, JHON/I-8830-2012 OI IPUS, JHON/0000-0002-5402-6164 FU STIR [N08-T020, N00014-08-M-0313] FX J.J.I. and M. E. M. acknowledge the support from STIR Proposal "Novel Management of Transducer Heat and Non-linearity" Topic No. N08-T020 under contract No. N00014-08-M-0313. J.J.I. acknowledges a Postdoctoral Research Associate position from Carnegie Mellon University. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A323 DI 10.1063/1.3675990 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400024 ER PT J AU Kernion, SJ Ohodnicki, PR McHenry, ME AF Kernion, Samuel J. Ohodnicki, Paul R. McHenry, Michael E. TI In-situ investigation of phase formation in nanocrystalline (Co97.5Fe2.5)(89)Zr7B4 alloy by high temperature x-ray diffraction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID NANOCOMPOSITE ALLOYS AB Crystallization and phase evolution in an (Co97.5Fe2.5)(89)Zr7B4 amorphous alloy was studied by high temperature x-ray diffraction (HTXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Co-based nanocomposite alloys have zero magnetostriction and a strong response to magnetic field annealing making them interesting for sensor and high frequency power applications. Amorphous alloys, synthesized by single roll melt-spinning, develop a nanocomposite structure after primary crystallization. After annealing at 540 degrees C for 1 h, TEM images and diffraction patterns confirm a grain size of 19 nm and the presence of at least two phases. HTXRD results show preferential body centered cubic (bcc) nucleation and formation of multiple phases at various stages of crystallization. Only the face centered cubic (fcc) phase remained at temperatures above 600 degrees C. On heating, the lattice parameter of the fcc phase increases at a rate higher than expected from thermal expansion. This is partially explained by an increase in the Fe-concentration in fcc crystallites. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673433] C1 [Kernion, Samuel J.; McHenry, Michael E.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Ohodnicki, Paul R.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Chem & Surface Sci Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Kernion, SJ (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM skernion@andrew.cmu.edu RI McHenry, Michael/B-8936-2009; Kernion, Samuel/A-1377-2012 OI Kernion, Samuel/0000-0002-1406-9186 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A316 DI 10.1063/1.3673433 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400017 ER PT J AU Kolesnik, S Dabrowski, B Chmaissem, O Wojciechowski, K Swierczek, K AF Kolesnik, S. Dabrowski, B. Chmaissem, O. Wojciechowski, K. Swierczek, K. TI Comparison of magnetic and thermoelectric properties of (Nd,Ca)BaCo2O5.5 and (Nd,Ca)CoO3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID 112 LNBACO(2)O(5.50+/-DELTA) AB Magnetic and thermoelectric properties of Nd1-xCaxBaCo2O5.5 and Nd1-xCaxCoO3 have been studied. Ca doping in Nd1-xCaxBaCo2O5.5 (x <= 0.2) preserves the metal to insulator transition (MIT) at 340-360 K. While the antiferromagnetic state disappears upon doping, the Curie temperature is increasing and becomes close to MIT for x > 0.12. The magnetic susceptibility of Nd1-xCaxCoO3 is paramagnetic for x up to 0.2, similar to the parent compound, with some indication of cluster-glass-like behavior at temperatures below 30K. The increasing effective paramagnetic moments with doping suggest a low spin state of Co3+ and a high spin state of Co4+. Maximum observed ZT reaches a value close to 0.2 for x = 0.15 at 800K, which is one of the highest values for perovskite cobaltites. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3679561] C1 [Kolesnik, S.; Dabrowski, B.; Chmaissem, O.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Dabrowski, B.; Chmaissem, O.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wojciechowski, K.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Ceram, Dept Inorgan Chem, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Swierczek, K.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Energy & Fuels, Dept Hydrogen Energy, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Kolesnik, S (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM kolesnik@niu.edu RI Swierczek, Konrad/S-7666-2016 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D727 DI 10.1063/1.3679561 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401190 ER PT J AU Korolev, KA McCloy, JS Afsar, MN AF Korolev, Konstantin A. McCloy, John S. Afsar, Mohammed N. TI Ferromagnetic resonance of micro- and nano-sized hexagonal ferrite powders at millimeter waves SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID DEPENDENT MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TRANSMITTANCE; RANGE AB Complex magnetic permeability and dielectric permittivity of micro-and nano-sized powdered barium (BaFe12O19) and strontium (SrFe12O19) hexaferrites have been studied in a broadband millimeter wave frequency range (30-120 GHz). Transmittance measurements have been performed using a free-space quasi-optical millimeter wave spectrometer, equipped with a set of high-power backward wave oscillators. Real and imaginary parts of dielectric permittivity for both types of micro-and nanoferrites have been calculated using analysis of recorded high-precision transmittance spectra. Frequency dependences of the magnetic permeability have been obtained from Schlomann's equation for partially magnetized ferrites. These materials show promise as tunable millimeter wave absorbers, based on their size-dependent absorption. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3671793] C1 [Korolev, Konstantin A.; Afsar, Mohammed N.] Tufts Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Korolev, Konstantin A.] Extremely High Frequency Med & Tech Assoc, Moscow 125009, Russia. [McCloy, John S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Glass & Mat Sci Team, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Korolev, KA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 161 Coll Ave, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM korolev@eecs.tufts.edu RI Afsar, Mohammed/H-5930-2013; McCloy, John/D-3630-2013 OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771 FU Defense Threat Research Agency, U.S. Department of Defense [IACRO 10-4951I]; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors thank P. Dee for his help in the design and construction of various components of the millimeter wave spectrometer and W. Gagosian for his electronic engineering consulting. K.K. is greatly thankful to Dr. S. Chen for many fruitful discussions. This work is supported in part by the Defense Threat Research Agency, U.S. Department of Defense, IACRO 10-4951I. J.M. works for the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), which is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E113 DI 10.1063/1.3671793 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401226 ER PT J AU Li, SD Liu, M Lou, J Beguhn, S Wu, JP Qiu, J Lin, JH Cai, ZY Hu, Y Xu, F Duh, JG Sun, NX AF Li, Shandong Liu, Ming Lou, J. Beguhn, Shawn Wu, Jianpeng Qiu, Jie Lin, Jianhua Cai, Zhiyi Hu, Yi Xu, Feng Duh, Jenq-Gong Sun, Nian X. TI E-field tuning microwave frequency performance of Co2FeSi/lead zinc niobate-lead titanate magnetoelectric coupling composites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TEMPERATURE; BIAS AB Nanocrystalline Co2FeSi Heusler alloy films were deposited on single crystal lead zinc niobate-lead titanate substrates. It is revealed that this multiferroic composite exhibits very strong continuously electric field (E-field) tunable microwave frequency characteristics. With an increase of the E-field intensity from 0 to 6 kV/cm, the ferromagnetic resonance field H-r shifts by 348 Oe along the easy axis direction, being equivalent to 58 Oe cm/kV, and the ferromagnetic resonance frequency f(FMR) dramatically increases from 2.2 to 6.1 GHz with an increment of 3.9 GHz or an increment ratio of 177%; moreover, the damping constant alpha decreases from 0.0150 to 0.0085. These features demonstrate that this multiferroic structure is promising in the fabrication of E-field tunable microwave components. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3670979] C1 [Li, Shandong] Qingdao Univ, Coll Phys Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Li, Shandong; Wu, Jianpeng; Qiu, Jie; Lin, Jianhua; Cai, Zhiyi; Hu, Yi] Fujian Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China. [Li, Shandong; Liu, Ming; Lou, J.; Beguhn, Shawn; Sun, Nian X.] Northeastern Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liu, Ming] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Xu, Feng] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210091, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Duh, Jenq-Gong] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. RP Li, SD (reprint author), Qingdao Univ, Coll Phys Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. EM dylsd007@yahoo.com.cn RI Lou, Jing/B-6762-2009; Liu, Ming/B-4143-2009; Sun, Nian Xiang/F-9590-2010 OI Liu, Ming/0000-0002-6310-948X; Sun, Nian Xiang/0000-0002-3120-0094 FU NSFC [11074040, 10904071]; Ministry of Economics, Taiwan [2010J06001, 2009H0019, SBK200922570, 98-EC-17-A-08-S1-003]; [NCET-08-0631] FX This work was financially supported by NCET-08-0631, NSFC 11074040, NSFC 10904071, 2010J06001, 2009H0019, SBK200922570, and 98-EC-17-A-08-S1-003 (Ministry of Economics, Taiwan). NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07C705 DI 10.1063/1.3670979 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401069 ER PT J AU Liang, KC Chaudhury, RP Wang, YQ Sun, YY Lorenz, B Chu, CW AF Liang, K. -C. Chaudhury, R. P. Wang, Y. Q. Sun, Y. Y. Lorenz, B. Chu, C. W. TI Field-induced continuous rotation of the polarization in multiferroic Mn0.95Co0.05WO4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB We report the observation of a continuous rotation of the polarization in Mn0.95Co0.05WO4 under magnetic field. At zero field, this compound shows a transition into the spiral magnetic and ferroelectric phase at 12.2 K, which is the ground state, with the polarization oriented along the b-axis. Increasing b-axis magnetic fields rotate the ferroelectric polarization continuously toward the a-axis, indicating a rotation of the spin spiral plane. This rotation extends over a large field and temperature range. At a constant magnetic field of 3 T, the polarization also rotates from the a-axis at the ferroelectric transition toward the b-axis upon decreasing temperature. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3671419] C1 [Liang, K. -C.] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liang, KC (reprint author), Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM kliang@mail.uh.edu FU T.L.L. Temple Foundation; John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment; State of Texas through TCSUH; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; LBNL through the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work is supported in part by the T.L.L. Temple Foundation, the John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment, the State of Texas through TCSUH, the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and at LBNL through the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D903 DI 10.1063/1.3671419 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401197 ER PT J AU Magnani, N Gofryk, K Adroja, DT Colineau, E Griveau, JC McEwen, KA Kaczorowski, D Caciuffo, R AF Magnani, N. Gofryk, K. Adroja, D. T. Colineau, E. Griveau, J. -C. McEwen, K. A. Kaczorowski, D. Caciuffo, R. TI Inelastic neutron scattering study of UPd2Sn SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ACTINIDE; FIELD; UPD3 AB We performed inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy on the Heusler intermetallic compound UPd2Sn. The presence of a clear intramultiplet transition between the two lowest-lying 5f electronic states of uranium was clarified, and is consistent with predictions made in the framework of a localized-electron model. The excess molar specific heat is well reproduced by a Schottky curve corresponding to the experimentally measured energy gap if a moderately enhanced electronic contribution is taken into account. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673815] C1 [Magnani, N.; Gofryk, K.; Colineau, E.; Griveau, J. -C.; Caciuffo, R.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Magnani, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gofryk, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Adroja, D. T.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [McEwen, K. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [McEwen, K. A.] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Kaczorowski, D.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, PL-50950 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Magnani, N (reprint author), European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM nmagnani@lbl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Gofryk, Krzysztof/F-8755-2014; Kaczorowski, Dariusz/M-6572-2014; OI Gofryk, Krzysztof/0000-0002-8681-6857; Caciuffo, Roberto G. M./0000-0002-8708-6219 FU European Commission FX We are grateful to the ISIS Spallation Source for the beamtime awarded to us, and to its technical staff for their assistance. N.M. and K.G. acknowledge financial support from the European Commission in the frame of the program "Training and Mobility of Researchers." NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E123 DI 10.1063/1.3673815 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401236 ER PT J AU Nguyen, MC Zhao, X Ji, M Wang, CZ Harmon, B Ho, KM AF Manh Cuong Nguyen Zhao, Xin Ji, Min Wang, Cai-Zhuang Harmon, Bruce Ho, Kai-Ming TI Atomic structure and magnetic properties of Fe1-xCox alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FECO ALLOYS; CO AB Using genetic algorithm with first-principle calculations, we searched for low-energy crystal structures of Fe1-xCox alloys. We found that Fe1-xCox alloys are highly configurationally degenerate with many additional off-stoichiometric stable structures to the well-known B-2 structure. The average magnetic moment of Fe atom increases with concentration of Co in the alloy, while that of Co atom is almost constant, which are consistent with experiments and earlier studies. The magnetic moment of Fe atom is strongly dependent on the number of Co nearest neighbor and it increases with this number. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3677929] C1 [Manh Cuong Nguyen] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nguyen, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kmh@ameslab.gov RI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/G-2783-2015; OI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/0000-0001-8027-9029; Zhao, Xin/0000-0002-3580-512X FU Department of Energy-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicles Technology Offfice, PEEM [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicles Technology Offfice, PEEM program, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 for the operation of Ames Laboratory (USDOE). NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E338 DI 10.1063/1.3677929 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401301 ER PT J AU McCloy, JS Leslie, C Kaspar, T Jiang, WL Bordia, RK AF McCloy, John S. Leslie, Clifford Kaspar, Tiffany Jiang, Weilin Bordia, Rajendra K. TI Magnetic behavior of Ni and Co doped CuMn2O4 spinels SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID CLUSTER GLASS BEHAVIOR; IONIC CONFIGURATION; OXIDE; COPPER; TRANSITION; FILMS AB Mn1.68Co0.24Ni0.48Cu0.6O4 was produced via slip casting and sintering of spray-pyrolysis produced powders. The magnetic properties of this composition were measured for the first time, as a function of the processing temperature (900 degrees C or 1000 degrees C sintering), in order to study the effects of Cu and Mn valence and site preference. Quantitative x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that Cu+ site occupancy changed from tetrahedral to a mix of tetrahedral and octahedral with increasing sintering temperature. X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the materials had a cubic spinel structure devoid of tetragonal Jahn-Teller distortion. ac magnetic susceptibility indicated ferrimagnetic behavior below similar to 109 K and spin glass behavior below similar to 66 to 74 K, depending on the measurement frequency. ac susceptibility freezing temperatures were modeled with the Vogel-Fulcher law and showed intermediate characteristics, between those of canonical spin glasses and cluster glasses. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3680530] C1 [McCloy, John S.; Kaspar, Tiffany; Jiang, Weilin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Leslie, Clifford; Bordia, Rajendra K.] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP McCloy, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM john.mccloy@pnnl.gov RI McCloy, John/D-3630-2013; OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [IACRO 10-4951I]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research at PNNL FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (IACRO 10-4951I). The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Battelle under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. Some of the research was performed using the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. The authors thank Jarrod Crum for x-ray diffraction, Brad Johnson for electron microscopy. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E149 DI 10.1063/1.3680530 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401262 ER PT J AU Mesler, BL Buchanan, KS Im, MY Fischer, P AF Mesler, Brooke L. Buchanan, Kristen S. Im, Mi-Young Fischer, Peter TI X-ray imaging of nonlinear resonant gyrotropic magnetic vortex core motion in circular permalloy disks SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID DYNAMICS AB We report experimental evidence of nonlinear gyrotropic vortex core motion. Using soft x-ray transmission microscopy we observed the time-averaged dynamic response of a magnetic vortex core in a 2 mu m diameter, 100 nm thick permalloy (Ni80Fe20) disk as a function of the amplitude and frequency of an applied RF magnetic field. At lower amplitude fields a single resonance was observed, but two distinct resonances, above and below the low amplitude resonance frequency, were observed when higher amplitude fields were applied. The results are discussed in the context of a nonlinear vortex energy potential. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3678448] C1 [Mesler, Brooke L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mesler, Brooke L.; Im, Mi-Young; Fischer, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Buchanan, Kristen S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Mesler, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blmesler@gmail.com RI MSD, Nanomag/F-6438-2012; Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010; OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343; Buchanan, Kristen/0000-0003-0879-0038 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05-CH11231]; NSF Extreme Ultraviolet Engineering Research Center; National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research [0907706] FX We thank the staff of The Center for X-ray Optics and the ALS for their help, S. K. Kim (Seoul National University) for fruitful discussions and D. Attwood for his support. Supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05-CH11231. B.L.M. acknowledges support through the NSF Extreme Ultraviolet Engineering Research Center, and K.S.B. through National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research Grant No. 0907706. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D311 DI 10.1063/1.3678448 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401153 ER PT J AU Nlebedim, IC Snyder, JE Moses, AJ Jiles, DC AF Nlebedim, I. C. Snyder, J. E. Moses, A. J. Jiles, D. C. TI Effect of deviation from stoichiometric composition on structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite, CoxFe3-xO4 (x=0.2 to 1.0) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB The effects of deviation from stoichiometric composition on the structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite, CoxFe3-xO4 (x = 0.2 to 1.0), are presented. Both CoFe2O4 and Fe3O4 have a spinel crystal structure, and it might be expected that intermediate compositions would have the same structure. However, results show that synthesis via the ceramic method leads to the development of a secondary alpha-Fe2O3 phase. Both structural and magnetic properties are altered depending on the concentration of the alpha-Fe2O3 phase. Saturation magnetization is at a maximum for the stoichiometric composition (i.e., x = 1.0) and thereafter decreases with x. In attempts to achieve the properties required for application, the ceramic method offers the ability to selectively adjust the concentrations of both CoFe2O4 and alpha-Fe2O3 phases. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3670982] C1 [Nlebedim, I. C.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Snyder, J. E.; Moses, A. J.] Cardiff Univ, Wolfson Ctr Magnet, Sch Engn, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Jiles, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nlebedim, IC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM nlebedim@iastate.edu FU Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; UK EPSRC [EP/D057094] FX Research at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358, and research at Cardiff University was supported by the UK EPSRC under Grant No. EP/D057094. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D704 DI 10.1063/1.3670982 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401167 ER PT J AU Oster, NT Cavanaugh, DT Dennis, KW Kramer, MJ McCallum, RW Anderson, IE AF Oster, N. T. Cavanaugh, D. T. Dennis, K. W. Kramer, M. J. McCallum, R. W. Anderson, I. E. TI Effects of Ag additions on melt-spun RE2Fe14B microstructure and texture SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID ND; SILVER; MAGNETISM; ND2FE14B; SYSTEM AB Control of microstructure and texture is of critical importance in forming rare earth (RE)-iron-boron particulate suitable for anisotropic polymer-bonded permanent magnets and anisotropic sintered permanent magnets. In this study, the selected approach to controlling grain size, while maintaining texture, is through stabilization and refinement of directional growth in melt-spun ribbons. Varying concentrations of Ag were added to melt-spun ribbons of composition (Y0.55Nd0.45)(2.2)Fe14B1.1. Effects on microstructure and texture were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). It was determined that Ag stabilized columnar growth (compared to alloys with no Ag added) with additions as small as 0.3 at. %, but the Ag also produced a unique texture in the ribbons. In RE-Fe-B ribbons without Ag, strong < 00l > texture is observed at the free surface and a mechanism has been established. In all Ag-containing ribbons, the observed texture is canted to both the c-and a-axes, but the mechanism remains unclear. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3677680] C1 [Oster, N. T.; Kramer, M. J.; McCallum, R. W.; Anderson, I. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Oster, N. T.; Cavanaugh, D. T.; Dennis, K. W.; Kramer, M. J.; McCallum, R. W.; Anderson, I. E.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Oster, NT (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM oster@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy-Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technology Office, USDRIVE; PEEM [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy-Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technology Office, USDRIVE, and the PEEM program, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 for the operation of Ames Laboratory (USDOE). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A723 DI 10.1063/1.3677680 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400084 ER PT J AU Paz, E Cebollada, F Palomares, FJ Gonzalez, JM Im, MY Fischer, P AF Paz, E. Cebollada, F. Palomares, F. J. Gonzalez, J. M. Im, M-Y Fischer, P. TI Scaling of the coercivity with the geometrical parameters in epitaxial Fe antidot arrays SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID X-RAY MICROSCOPY; FILMS AB We studied a series of square lattice antidot arrays, with diameter and lattice parameter from hundreds of nanometers to some microns, fabricated using two lithography techniques in epitaxial Fe(001) films. The coercivity increase of each array with respect to its base film can be scaled to a simple geometric parameter, irrespective of the lithography technique employed. Magnetic transmission x-ray microscopy studies, in arrays fabricated on polycrystalline Fe films deposited on silicon nitride membranes, evidenced the propagation of reversed domains from the edges of the arrays, in agreement with the coercivity analysis of the epitaxial arrays and with micromagnetic models. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702584] C1 [Cebollada, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, POEMMA CEMDATIC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Paz, E.; Palomares, F. J.] CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Gonzalez, J. M.] Unidad Asociada ICMM IMA, Madrid 28049, Spain. [Im, M-Y; Fischer, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cebollada, F (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, POEMMA CEMDATIC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM fcebollada@etsit.upm.es RI Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010; Palomares, Francisco Javier/C-4605-2011; MSD, Nanomag/F-6438-2012; Gonzalez, Jesus/N-3318-2014; Paz, Elvira/J-1512-2015 OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343; Palomares, Francisco Javier/0000-0002-4768-2219; Gonzalez, Jesus/0000-0001-7944-340X; Paz, Elvira/0000-0003-0908-9948 FU Spanish MICINN [MAT2007-66719-C03, MAT2010-18432, CSD2008-00023]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work has been carried out under the financial support of the Spanish MICINN (grants MAT2007-66719-C03, MAT2010-18432 and FUNCOAT Consolider CSD2008-00023). The operation of the microscope at the Advanced Light Source was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors also wish to thank the Nano-Bio Center of the Technical University of Kaiserslautern and the Nanotechnology Platform of the Barcelona Science Park for technical support. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 073908 DI 10.1063/1.3702584 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402110 ER PT J AU Petculescu, G Lambert, PK Clark, AE Hathaway, KB Xing, Q Lograsso, TA Restorff, JB Wun-Fogle, M AF Petculescu, G. Lambert, P. K. Clark, A. E. Hathaway, K. B. Xing, Q. Lograsso, T. A. Restorff, J. B. Wun-Fogle, M. TI Temperature dependence of magnetoelastic properties of Fe100-xSix (5 < x < 20) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB Tetragonal magnetostriction (lambda(gamma,2)) and elastic constants (c', c(44), and c(11)) for Fe100-xSix were measured as a function of temperature (T). Compositions corresponding to the disordered A2 (x = 5), ordered D0(3) (x = 19.8), and mixed (x = 11.6) phases, were investigated. The magnetoelastic coupling (-b(1)) was determined for 77 < T < 300 K and compared with those of Fe-Ga, Fe-Ge, and Fe-Al. Both lambda(gamma,2) (T) and -b(1)(T) of Fe-Si behave similarly to those of Fe-Ge, while other notable differences exist between the measured properties of Fe-Si and those of the other three alloys. Due to the early establishment of short range order, Fe-Si exhibits a positive, although small, slope in lambda(gamma,2) (T) at 5 at. % Si, and a remarkable drop in -b(1) before the solubility limit. The weaker softening of the tetragonal shear modulus with the addition of Si and the lack of strong anharmonic effects in the Fe-Si lattice inferred from the weak T-dependence of all the moduli suggest that Fe-Si exhibits more structural stability than the other three alloys. The distinctive behavior is likely due to the smaller size of Si compared to the sizes of Ga, Ge and Al, and therefore to the effect of the larger size difference between Fe and Si in the Fe-Si lattice. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673857] C1 [Petculescu, G.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Lambert, P. K.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Clark, A. E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hathaway, K. B.] GJ Associates, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Xing, Q.; Lograsso, T. A.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Restorff, J. B.; Wun-Fogle, M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Petculescu, G (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. EM gp@louisiana.edu FU Office of Naval Research (SFR) [321MS]; Office of Basic Energy Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (SFR program and Code 321MS). Materials synthesis and characterization have been supported by the Office of Basic Energy Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A921 DI 10.1063/1.3673857 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400125 ER PT J AU Pinto, SRC Buljan, M Chahboun, A Roldan, MA Bernstorff, S Varela, M Pennycook, SJ Barradas, NP Alves, E Molina, SI Ramos, MMD Gomes, MJM AF Pinto, S. R. C. Buljan, M. Chahboun, A. Roldan, M. A. Bernstorff, S. Varela, M. Pennycook, S. J. Barradas, N. P. Alves, E. Molina, S. I. Ramos, M. M. D. Gomes, M. J. M. TI Tuning the properties of Ge-quantum dots superlattices in amorphous silica matrix through deposition conditions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; NANOSTRUCTURES AB In this work, we investigate the structural properties of Ge quantum dot lattices in amorphous silica matrix, prepared by low-temperature magnetron sputtering deposition of (Ge+SiO2)/SiO2 multilayers. The dependence of quantum dot shape, size, separation, and arrangement type on the Ge-rich (Ge+SiO2) layer thickness is studied. We show that the quantum dots are elongated along the growth direction, perpendicular to the multilayer surface. The size of the quantum dots and their separation along the growth direction can be tuned by changing the Ge-rich layer thickness. The average value of the quantum dots size along the lateral (in-plane) direction along with their lateral separation is not affected by the thickness of the Ge-rich layer. However, the thickness of the Ge-rich layer significantly affects the quantum dot ordering. In addition, we investigate the dependence of the multilayer average atomic composition and also the quantum dot crystalline quality on the deposition parameters. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702776] C1 [Pinto, S. R. C.; Chahboun, A.; Ramos, M. M. D.; Gomes, M. J. M.] Univ Minho, Ctr Phys, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. [Pinto, S. R. C.; Chahboun, A.; Ramos, M. M. D.; Gomes, M. J. M.] Univ Minho, Dept Phys, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. [Buljan, M.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Roldan, M. A.; Molina, S. I.] Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat & Ing Met & QI, Cadiz, Spain. [Bernstorff, S.] Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34012 Basovizza, Italy. [Varela, M.; Pennycook, S. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Barradas, N. P.; Alves, E.] Inst Super Tecn, P-2686953 Sacavem, Portugal. [Barradas, N. P.; Alves, E.] Inst Tecnol & Nucl, P-2686953 Sacavem, Portugal. RP Pinto, SRC (reprint author), Univ Minho, Ctr Phys, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. EM sarapinto@fisica.uminho.pt RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Alves, Eduardo/K-2481-2013; Pessoa Barradas, Nuno/B-8295-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Molina, Sergio/A-8241-2008; Chahboun, Adil/B-5867-2009; OI Alves, Eduardo/0000-0003-0633-8937; Pessoa Barradas, Nuno/0000-0001-7795-8573; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Molina, Sergio/0000-0002-5221-2852; Chahboun, Adil/0000-0002-8043-5850; Ramos, Marta/0000-0001-6176-5048; Chahboun, Adil A./0000-0002-3113-316X; Gomes, Maria de Jesus de Matos/0000-0002-5793-2074 FU COMPETE; Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [PTDC/FIS/70194/2006]; ELETTRA Synchrotron Radiation Center through the European Community [226716]; FCT [SFRH/BPD/73548/2010]; Croatian Ministry of Science, Higher Education and Sport [098-0982886-2866]; Spanish MICINN/MEC [TEC2011-29120-C05-03, CONSOLIDER INGENIO CSD2009-00013]; Junta de Andalucia (PAI research group) [TEP-946, P08-TEP-03516]; UE; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U. S. Department of Energy FX This study has been partially funded through the projects FEDER funds through the COMPETE program "Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade" and by Portuguese funds through the Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the frame of the project PTDC/FIS/70194/2006, and the ELETTRA Synchrotron Radiation Center through the European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 226716. S. R. C. P is grateful for financial support through the FCT grant SFRH/BPD/73548/2010. M. B. acknowledges support from the Croatian Ministry of Science, Higher Education and Sport, (project number 098-0982886-2866). S. I. M. acknowledges support by the Spanish MICINN/MEC (projects TEC2011-29120-C05-03 and CONSOLIDER INGENIO CSD2009-00013) and the Junta de Andalucia (PAI research group TEP-946; project P08-TEP-03516). Co-financing from UE-FEDER is also acknowledged. Work at ORNL supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U. S. Department of Energy (S. J. P., M. V.). We thank Dra. Anabela Rolo and Engineer Jose Santos for all valuable discussions and the samples preparation and Dra. Carmen Serra for the assistance with the XPS measurements. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 074316 DI 10.1063/1.3702776 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402139 ER PT J AU Podraza, NJ Gauntt, BD Motyka, MA Dickey, EC Horn, MW AF Podraza, N. J. Gauntt, B. D. Motyka, M. A. Dickey, E. C. Horn, M. W. TI Electrical and optical properties of sputtered amorphous vanadium oxide thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID TIME SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; PHASE-TRANSITION; ABSORPTION; TEMPERATURE; STOICHIOMETRY; CONDUCTIVITY; DEPOSITION; POLARONS; DIOXIDE; GROWTH AB Amorphous vanadium oxide (VOx) is a component found in composite nanocrystalline VOx thin films. These types of composite films are used as thermistors in pulsed biased uncooled infrared imaging devices when containing face centered cubic vanadium monoxide phase crystallites, and substantial fractions of amorphous material in the composite are necessary to optimize device electrical properties. Similarly, optoelectronic devices exploiting the metal-to-semiconductor transition contain the room-temperature monoclinic or high-temperature (>68 degrees C) rutile vanadium dioxide phase. Thin films of VOx exhibiting the metal-to-semiconductor transition are typically polycrystalline or nanocrystalline, implying that significant amounts of disordered, amorphous material is present at grain boundaries or surrounding the crystallites and can impact the overall optical or electronic properties of the film. The performance of thin film material for either application depends on both the nature of the crystalline and amorphous components, and in this work we seek to isolate and study amorphous VOx. VOx thin films were deposited by pulsed dc reactive magnetron sputtering to produce amorphous materials with oxygen contents >= 2, which were characterized electrically by temperature dependent current-voltage measurements and optically characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Film resistivity, thermal activation energy, and complex dielectric function spectra from 0.75 to 6.0 eV were used to identify the impact of microstructural variations including composition and density. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702451] C1 [Podraza, N. J.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Gauntt, B. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Motyka, M. A.; Horn, M. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dickey, E. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Podraza, NJ (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM Nikolas.Podraza@utoledo.edu RI Dickey, Elizabeth/A-3368-2011 OI Dickey, Elizabeth/0000-0003-4005-7872 FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-0-2-0026]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-0-2-0026]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The U.S. Army Research Office and U.S. Army Research Laboratory sponsored this research under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-0-2-0026. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 58 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 83 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 073522 DI 10.1063/1.3702451 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402080 ER PT J AU Porro, JM Berger, A Grimsditch, M Metlushko, V Ilic, B Vavassori, P AF Porro, J. M. Berger, A. Grimsditch, M. Metlushko, V. Ilic, B. Vavassori, P. TI Effect of spatially asymmetric dipolar interactions in the magnetization reversal of closely spaced ferromagnetic nanoisland arrays SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB The magnetization reversal process of interacting elongated nanoislands is presented here. The magnetization reversal has been investigated by means of magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry, analyzing the beams reflected and diffracted by the array, magnetic force microscopy, and micromagnetic simulations. The nanoislands have an aspect ratio of 4.2 and are arranged in chiral square units forming a checkerboard array. Due to this particular arrangement, each island is subjected to a spatially asymmetric dipolar interaction field. We found that for certain directions of the applied field this specific character of the dipolar interaction affects the reversal process profoundly. In these cases the magnetization reversal takes places via the nucleation and displacement of a vortex state in two of the four nanoislands in every square unit, at variance with single domain rotation process generally observed for other directions of the applied field. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3677269] C1 [Porro, J. M.; Berger, A.; Grimsditch, M.; Vavassori, P.] CIC NanoGUNE Consolider, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Grimsditch, M.; Vavassori, P.] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48011, Spain. [Grimsditch, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Metlushko, V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Ilic, B.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanofabricat Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Porro, JM (reprint author), CIC NanoGUNE Consolider, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. EM t.porro@nanogune.eu RI Vavassori, Paolo/B-4299-2014; Ilic, Rob/N-1359-2014; Berger, Andreas/D-3706-2015; Porro, Jose Maria/D-8439-2016; nanoGUNE, CIC/A-2623-2015 OI Vavassori, Paolo/0000-0002-4735-6640; Berger, Andreas/0000-0001-5865-6609; FU Basque Government [PI2009-17, BFI09.289]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Education [MAT2009-07980]; U.S. NSF [ECCS-0823812] FX We acknowledge funding from the Basque Government under Program No. PI2009-17, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education under Project No. MAT2009-07980 and the Basque Government fellowship No. BFI09.289. V.M. acknowledges funding from U.S. NSF, Grant No. ECCS-0823812. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07B913 DI 10.1063/1.3677269 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400289 ER PT J AU Provino, A Mudryk, Y Paudyal, D Smetana, V Manfrinetti, P Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Corbett, JD AF Provino, A. Mudryk, Y. Paudyal, D. Smetana, V. Manfrinetti, P. Pecharsky, V. K. Gschneidner, K. A., Jr. Corbett, J. D. TI Crystal structure of Tb5Ni2In4 and Y5Ni2In4, and magnetic properties of Dy5Ni2In4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB The crystal structure of the R5Ni2In4 intermetallic compounds was earlier reported for R Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu (Lu5Ni2In4-type, oP22, Pbam); more recently the isostructural phases Dy5Ni2In4 and Sc5Ni2In4 have also been identified. Three inequivalent crystallographic sites are occupied by the R atoms in these compounds. We have synthesized and characterized Dy5Ni2In4 and the two new isotypic compounds Tb5Ni2In4 and Y5Ni2In4. So far, none of the physical properties have been reported on any of these phases; in this article we report on the physical properties of the Dy5Ni2In4 and the crystal structure of Tb5Ni2In4 and Y5Ni2In4 compounds. Measurements of the magnetic properties performed on Dy5Ni2In4 show a ferromagnetic-like ordering with a T-C approximate to 105 K, followed by multiple magnetic orderings at lower temperatures. The fit of the inverse susceptibility in the paramagnetic state follows the Curie-Weiss law, where mu(eff). - 10.3 mu(B)/Dy-atom (close to theoretical value of 10.64 mu(B) for the free ion Dy3+) and a positive paramagnetic Curie temperature theta(p) - 58 K. Ni atoms are most likely to be nonmagnetic. The heat capacity also shows three peaks: a large one at 103K and two weaker at 12 and 8 K, respectively; the in-field heat capacity data corroborate these results, suggesting ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orderings at the temperature of 103 and 12 K, respectively. Low temperature x-ray diffraction has shown that the compound does not undergo any structural change down to 5K. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673432] C1 [Provino, A.; Manfrinetti, P.] Univ Genoa, Dept Chem, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Provino, A.; Manfrinetti, P.] CNR SPIN, I-16152 Genoa, Italy. [Provino, A.; Mudryk, Y.; Paudyal, D.; Smetana, V.; Manfrinetti, P.; Pecharsky, V. K.; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Provino, A.; Mudryk, Y.; Paudyal, D.; Smetana, V.; Manfrinetti, P.; Pecharsky, V. K.; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Corbett, J. D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Provino, A (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Chem, Via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. EM chimfis@chimica.unige.it RI Smetana, Volodymyr/C-1340-2015 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E122 DI 10.1063/1.3673432 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401235 ER PT J AU Rose, V Chien, TY Freeland, JW Rosenmann, D Hiller, J Metlushko, V AF Rose, V. Chien, T. Y. Freeland, J. W. Rosenmann, D. Hiller, J. Metlushko, V. TI Spin-dependent synchrotron x-ray excitations studied by scanning tunneling microscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID RADIATION; TIP; PROBE AB The ability to position a sharp probe in close proximity to a sample while the surface is illuminated by synchrotron x-rays opens a path to localized spectroscopy and imaging with chemical and magnetic contrast. We have employed a scanning tunneling microscope for the local study of synchrotron x-ray magnetic circular dichroism of micron-sized NiFe rings. Spectra have been obtained by an insulator-coated tip positioned about 200 nm over the sample surface. A negative sample bias is required in order to enhance the dichroism signal at the tip. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3670968] C1 [Rose, V.; Chien, T. Y.; Freeland, J. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rosenmann, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hiller, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Metlushko, V.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Rose, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vrose@anl.gov RI Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008; OI Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052; Hiller, Jon/0000-0001-7207-8008 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work at the Advanced Photon Source, the Center for Nanoscale Materials, and the Electron Microscopy Center was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No, DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E304 DI 10.1063/1.3670968 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401267 ER PT J AU Rowan-Weetaluktuk, WN Ryan, DH Cadogan, JM Hu, R Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N. Ryan, D. H. Cadogan, J. M. Hu, R. Bud'ko, S. L. Canfield, P. C. TI Magnetic and structural transitions in the iron-chalcogenide high-T-c superconductor: K0.8Fe1.76Se2.00 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to study single-crystals of K0.8Fe1.76Se2.00 from 6K to 673 K. At 6K, the hyperfine field (B-hf) is canted away from the c-axis by 18 +/- 3 degrees. The temperature dependence of B-hf follows a spin wave model with a spin excitation gap of 9 +/- 1 meV. A sudden increase in the linewidth and a corresponding drop in (1/2)eQV(zz) at T-N - 532K are indications of strong coupling between the magnetic and structural transitions. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3673848] C1 [Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.; Ryan, D. H.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.; Ryan, D. H.] McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Cadogan, J. M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Hu, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hu, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ryan, DH (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. EM dhryan@physics.mcgill.ca RI Hu, Rongwei/E-7128-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Canada Research Chairs program; AFOSR-MURI [FA9550-09-1-0603]; U.S. DOE BES DMSE; U.S. DOE by ISU [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies. JMC is supported by the Canada Research Chairs program. R.H. and P.C.C. are supported by AFOSR-MURI Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0603. S.L.B. and P.C.C. are also supported by the U.S. DOE BES DMSE. Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. DOE by ISU under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. We are grateful to G. Wortmann (Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry) for suggesting to us that the asymmetry in the magnetic spectra was the result of a nonaxially symmetric quadrupole interaction (eta not equal 0). NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E126 DI 10.1063/1.3673848 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401239 ER PT J AU Singh, V Seehra, MS Manivannan, A Kumta, PN AF Singh, V. Seehra, M. S. Manivannan, A. Kumta, P. N. TI Magnetic characteristics of a new cubic defect spinel Li0.5Mg0.5MnO3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID LINEWIDTH; RESONANCE; CRBR3; MG; CU; NI AB Magnetic properties of Li0.5Mg0.5MnO3-delta nanoparticles (size similar or equal to 20 nm) synthesized by the Pechini method are investigated using temperature dependence of its magnetization (M) and electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectra at 9.286 GHz. Analysis of the x-ray diffraction spectra yields its structure to be a cubic defect spinel with the formula 4(Li0.5Mg0.5MnO2.75) = 3{[Li2/3Mg1/3] [Mn4/3Mg1/3 square(1/3)]O-11/3]} so that Mn occupies the octahedral B-sites only. The data of M versus T yields a blocking temperature T-B similar or equal to 9 K above which the Curie-Weiss law variation with theta = 13 K and mu = 3.96 mu(B) characteristic of Mn4+ ions is established. For T < 9 K, temperature dependent coercivity and remanence are observed. The observed temperature dependence of the EMR parameters (linewidth Delta H, resonance field H-r, and intensity I-o) for T < 30 K is interpreted in terms of T-B (EMR) similar or equal to 30 K. Formation of ferromagnetic Mn4+ clusters, resulting from the co-presence of non-magnetic Mg2+ and vacancies on the B-sites, is inferred. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3670504] C1 [Singh, V.; Seehra, M. S.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Manivannan, A.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Kumta, P. N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Kumta, P. N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Kumta, P. N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Seehra, MS (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM mseehra@wvu.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E302 DI 10.1063/1.3670504 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401265 ER PT J AU Solis, KJ Martin, JE AF Solis, Kyle J. Martin, James E. TI Field-structured magnetic platelets as a route to improved thermal interface materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID POLYMER COMPOSITES; CONDUCTIVITY; SHAPE AB The development of high-performance thermal interface materials (TIMs) is crucial to enabling future generations of microelectronics because the TIM is usually the limiting thermal resistance in the heat removal path. Typical TIMs achieve modest thermal conductivities by including large volume fractions of randomly-dispersed, highly-conductive, spherical particles in a polymer resin. This paper explores field-structured magnetic platelet composites as a new approach to more effective TIMs. The motivation for this approach is rooted in shape functional theory, which shows that when the particle material has a significantly higher thermal conductivity than that of the polymer, the particle shape and orientation are the factors that limit conductivity enhancement. Oriented platelets are highly effective for heat transfer and if these are magnetic, then magnetic fields can be used to both orient and agglomerate these into structures that efficiently direct heat flow. In this paper we show that such field-structured composites have a thermal conductivity anisotropy of similar to 3, and at the highest particle loading of 16 vol.% we have achieved a 23-fold conductivity enhancement, which is 3-times larger than that achieved in unstructured platelet composites and 8-times greater than unstructured spherical particle composites. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699013] C1 [Solis, Kyle J.; Martin, James E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Solis, KJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jmartin@sandia.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Division of Materials Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the Division of Materials Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The authors wish to thank Matt Groo at Novamet for supplying materials. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 073507 DI 10.1063/1.3699013 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402065 ER PT J AU Sun, Y Liu, Y Ye, F Chi, S Ren, Y Zou, T Wang, F Yan, L AF Sun, Y. Liu, Y. Ye, F. Chi, S. Ren, Y. Zou, T. Wang, F. Yan, L. TI A magnetoelectric multiglass state in multiferroic YbFe2O4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID FERROELECTRICITY AB A multiglass state in which two distinct glassy phases coexist has been identified in multiferroic YbFe2O4. A collective magnetic freezing, as evidenced by AC susceptibility, magnetization, and coercivity measurements, develops at a freezing temperature T-F similar to 80 K. Meanwhile, the low-temperature dielectric and pyroelectric measurements suggest that an electric polar-glass state develops at the same freezing temperature. The simultaneous freezing of spin and polar clusters implies a strong magnetoelectric coupling and leads to a magnetoelectric multiglass state. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3670969] C1 [Sun, Y.; Liu, Y.; Zou, T.; Wang, F.; Yan, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Ye, F.; Chi, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sun, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM youngsun@iphy.ac.cn RI Ye, Feng/B-3210-2010; Zou, Tao/A-1761-2013; Yan, Liqin/P-4997-2014; Chi, Songxue/A-6713-2013; Sun, Young/A-7772-2013 OI Ye, Feng/0000-0001-7477-4648; Zou, Tao/0000-0002-6510-5749; Yan, Liqin/0000-0002-2771-7752; Chi, Songxue/0000-0002-3851-9153; Sun, Young/0000-0001-8879-3508 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [11074293, 50831006, 51021061]; National Key Basic Research Program of China [2011CB921801] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11074293, 50831006, and 51021061 and the National Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2011CB921801. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07D902 DI 10.1063/1.3670969 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401196 ER PT J AU Tang, HW Yin, WJ Matin, MA Wang, HL Deutsch, T Al-Jassim, MM Turner, JA Yan, YF AF Tang, Houwen Yin, Wan-Jian Matin, M. A. Wang, Heli Deutsch, Todd Al-Jassim, Mowafak M. Turner, John A. Yan, Yanfa TI Titanium and magnesium Co-alloyed hematite thin films for photoelectrochemical water splitting SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; ALPHA-FE2O3; SEMICONDUCTORS; EFFICIENCY; ENERGY AB Using a combination of density functional theory calculation and materials synthesis and characterization we examine the properties of charge-compensated Ti and Mg co-alloyed hematite thin films for the application of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. We find that the charge-compensated co-alloying results in the following effects: (1) It enhances the solubility of Mg and Ti, which leads to reduced electron effective mass and therefore increased electron mobility; (2) It tunes the carrier density and therefore allows the optimization of electrical conductivity; and (3) It reduces the density of charged defects and therefore reduces carrier recombination. As a result, the Ti and Mg co-alloyed hematite thin films exhibit improved water oxidation photocurrent magnitudes as compared to pure hematite thin films. Our results suggest that charge-compensated co-alloying is a plausible approach for engineering hematite for the application of PEC water splitting. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699016] C1 [Tang, Houwen; Yin, Wan-Jian; Wang, Heli; Deutsch, Todd; Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.; Turner, John A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Tang, Houwen; Matin, M. A.] Univ Denver, Dept Elect Engn, Denver, CO 80210 USA. [Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Tang, HW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yanfa.yan@utoledo.edu RI Yin, Wanjian/F-6738-2013; OI Deutsch, Todd/0000-0001-6577-1226 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP) FX The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Y.Y. acknowledges the support from the Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP). NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 57 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 073502 DI 10.1063/1.3699016 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282402060 ER PT J AU Vitol, EA Yefremenko, VG Jain, S Pearson, J Rozhkova, EA Bader, SD Novosad, V AF Vitol, E. A. Yefremenko, V. G. Jain, S. Pearson, J. Rozhkova, E. A. Bader, S. D. Novosad, V. TI Optical transmission modulation by disk-shaped ferromagnetic particles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ AB Lithographically defined iron-nickel disks 1 micron in diameter and 60 nm in thickness with a spin-vortex ground state are used to achieve magnetic field-driven light modulation by passing the light through an aqueous solution of magnetic disks with controlled orientations. We demonstrate a significant improvement of the accessible modulation frequency over 60 Hz with a single modulating magnetic field of up to 1 kHz with alternating (ac) bi-directional field. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3679567] C1 [Vitol, E. A.; Yefremenko, V. G.; Jain, S.; Pearson, J.; Bader, S. D.; Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vitol, E. A.; Rozhkova, E. A.; Bader, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Novosad, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM novosad@anl.gov RI Vitol, Elina/G-6395-2012; Jain, Shikha/J-4734-2012; Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 FU UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory, including the use of the facility at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), was supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07A945 DI 10.1063/1.3679567 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282400149 ER PT J AU Xu, DB Sun, CJ Chen, JS Han, SW Heald, SM Rosenberg, RA Chow, GM AF Xu, D. B. Sun, C. J. Chen, J. S. Han, S. -W. Heald, S. M. Rosenberg, R. A. Chow, G. M. TI Investigation of spin and orbital moments of L1(0) FePtRh thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID RAY CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ALLOYS; ENERGY AB Fe50Pt50-xRhx films have attracted much interest recently due to their potential usage in heat assisted magnetic recording media and the ferromagnetic (FM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition as Rh concentration is increased. In this study, we present an investigation of the spin moment (m(s)) and orbital moment (m(l)) of Fe in Fe50Pt50-xRhx films using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The measurements were made in the soft x-ray region along the film normal, which corresponds to the easy axis of the (001) textured L1(0) FePt with uni-axial magnetic anisotropy. They show that the magnetic moment of Fe mainly contributes to the whole magnetization of the films. The decrease of m(l) with Rh doping concentration implies a decrease of magneto-crystalline anisotropy, whereas the significant decrease of m(s) is consistent with the FM to AFM transition at above 15 at. % of Rh. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3680542] C1 [Xu, D. B.; Sun, C. J.; Heald, S. M.; Rosenberg, R. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Xu, D. B.; Chen, J. S.; Chow, G. M.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore. [Han, S. -W.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. [Han, S. -W.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Inst Fus Sci, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. RP Sun, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cjsun@aps.anl.gov; msecgm@nus.edu.sg RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012; Chen, Jingsheng/D-9107-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DEAC02-06CH11357]; Ministry of Education, Singapore [R-284-000-061-112]; A*STAR [R-284-000-082-305] FX Work at Argonne is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. Work at National University of Singapore is supported by Ministry of Education, Singapore, under Grant No. R-284-000-061-112, and A*STAR under Grant No. R-284-000-082-305. The authors thank Dr. T. J. Zhou of Data Storage Institute Singapore for helping with the sample preparation. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07C120 DI 10.1063/1.3680542 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401016 ER PT J AU Ye, F Fishman, RS Haraldsen, J Lorenz, B Chu, CW Kimura, T AF Ye, Feng Fishman, Randy S. Haraldsen, Jason Lorenz, Bernd Chu, C. W. Kimura, Tsuyoshi TI Spin dynamics in the multiferroic materials (invited) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY OCT 30-30, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MNWO4; FERROELECTRICITY; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; CUFEO2 AB We report high resolution inelastic neutron scattering measurements and spin dynamics calculations in two multiferroic materials: the geometrically frustrated triangular lattice CuFeO2 and mineral Hubnerite MnWO4. In un-doped CuFeO2 a low-T collinear spin structure is stabilized by long range magnetic interactions. When doped with a few percent of gallium, the spin order evolves into a complex noncollinear configuration and the system becomes multiferroic. Similarly, the ground state collinear spin order in pure MnWO4 results from delicate balance between competing magnetic interactions up to 11th nearest neighbors and can be tuned by substitution of Mn ions with magnetic or nonmagnetic impurities. The comprehensive investigation of spin dynamics in both systems help to understand the fundamental physical process and the interactions leading to the close interplay of magnetism and ferroelectricity in this type of materials. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3677863] C1 [Ye, Feng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fishman, Randy S.; Haraldsen, Jason] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lorenz, Bernd; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Lorenz, Bernd; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Kimura, Tsuyoshi] Osaka Univ, Div Mat Phys, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Osaka 5608531, Japan. RP Ye, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yef1@ornl.gov RI Haraldsen, Jason/B-9809-2012; Ye, Feng/B-3210-2010; Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 OI Haraldsen, Jason/0000-0002-8641-5412; Ye, Feng/0000-0001-7477-4648; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division and Scientific User Facilities Division; T.L.L. Temple Foundation; J.J. and R. Moores Endowment; State of Texas through TCSUH; US DOE [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division and Scientific User Facilities Division. Work at Houston was supported in part by the T.L.L. Temple Foundation, the J.J. and R. Moores Endowment, and the State of Texas through TCSUH and at LBNL through the US DOE, Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this work. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 7 AR 07E137 DI 10.1063/1.3677863 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HX UT WOS:000303282401250 ER PT J AU Adloff, C Blaha, J Blaising, JJ Drancourt, C Espargiliere, A Gaglione, R Geffroy, N Karyotakis, Y Prast, J Vouters, G Bilki, B Francis, K Repond, J Smith, J Xia, L Baldolemar, E Li, J Park, ST Sosebee, M White, AP Yu, J Buanes, T Eigen, G Mikami, Y Watson, NK Mavromanolakis, G Thomson, MA Ward, DR Yan, W Benchekroun, D Hoummada, A Khoulaki, Y Benyamna, M Carloganu, C Fehr, F Gay, P Manen, S Royer, L Blazey, GC Boona, S Chakraborty, D Dyshkant, A Hedin, D Lima, JGR Powell, J Rykalin, V Scurti, N Smith, M Tran, N Zutshi, V Hostachy, JY Morin, L Cornett, U David, D Dietrich, J Falley, G Gadow, K Gottlicher, P Gunter, C Hermberg, B Karstensen, S Krivan, F Lucaci-Timoce, AI Lu, S Lutz, B Marchesini, I Morozov, S Morgunov, V Reinecke, M Sefkow, F Smirnov, P Terwort, M Vargas-Trevino, A Feege, N Garutti, E Eckert, P Kaplan, A Schultz-Coulon, HC Shen, W Stamen, R Tadday, A Norbeck, E Onel, Y Wilson, GW Kawagoe, K Uozumi, S Dauncey, PD Magnan, AM Bartsch, V Wing, M Salvatore, F Alamillo, EC Fouz, MC Puerta-Pelayot, J Bobchenko, B Chadeeva, M Danilov, M Epifantsev, A Markin, O Mizuk, R Novikov, E Rusinov, V Tarkovsky, E Kirikova, N Kozlov, V Soloviev, Y Buzhan, P Dolgoshein, B Ilyin, A Kantserov, V Kaplin, V Karakash, A Popova, E Smirnov, S Frey, A Kiesling, C Seidel, K Simon, F Soldner, C Weuste, L Bonis, J Bouquet, B Callier, S Cornebise, P Doublet, P Dulucq, F Giannelli, MF Fleury, J Li, H Martin-Chassard, G Richard, F de la Taille, C Poschl, R Raux, L Seguin-Moreau, N Wicek, F Anduze, M Boudry, V Brient, JC Jeans, D de Freitas, PM Musat, G Reinhard, M Ruan, M Videau, H Bulanek, B Zacek, J Cvach, J Gallus, P Havranek, M Janata, M Kvasnicka, J Lednicky, D Marcisovsky, M Polak, I Popule, J Tomasek, L Tomasek, M Ruzicka, P Sicho, P Smolik, J Vrba, V Zalesak, J Belhorma, B Ghazlane, H Takeshita, T AF Adloff, C. Blaha, J. Blaising, J. -J. Drancourt, C. Espargiliere, A. Gaglione, R. Geffroy, N. Karyotakis, Y. Prast, J. Vouters, G. Bilki, B. Francis, K. Repond, J. Smith, J. Xia, L. Baldolemar, E. Li, J. Park, S. T. Sosebee, M. White, A. P. Yu, J. Buanes, T. Eigen, G. Mikami, Y. Watson, N. K. Mavromanolakis, G. Thomson, M. A. Ward, D. R. Yan, W. Benchekroun, D. Hoummada, A. Khoulaki, Y. Benyamna, M. Carloganu, C. Fehr, F. Gay, P. Manen, S. Royer, L. Blazey, G. C. Boona, S. Chakraborty, D. Dyshkant, A. Hedin, D. Lima, J. G. R. Powell, J. Rykalin, V. Scurti, N. Smith, M. Tran, N. Zutshi, V. Hostachy, J. -Y. Morin, L. Cornett, U. David, D. Dietrich, J. Falley, G. Gadow, K. Goettlicher, P. Guenter, C. Hermberg, B. Karstensen, S. Krivan, F. Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I. Lu, S. Lutz, B. Marchesini, I. Morozov, S. Morgunov, V. Reinecke, M. Sefkow, F. Smirnov, P. Terwort, M. Vargas-Trevino, A. Feege, N. Garutti, E. Eckert, P. Kaplan, A. Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch Shen, W. Stamen, R. Tadday, A. Norbeck, E. Onel, Y. Wilson, G. W. Kawagoe, K. Uozumi, S. Dauncey, P. D. Magnan, A. -M. Bartsch, V. Wing, M. Salvatore, F. Calvo Alamillo, E. Fouz, M. -C. Puerta-Pelayot, J. Bobchenko, B. Chadeeva, M. Danilov, M. Epifantsev, A. Markin, O. Mizuk, R. Novikov, E. Rusinov, V. Tarkovsky, E. Kirikova, N. Kozlov, V. Soloviev, Y. Buzhan, P. Dolgoshein, B. Ilyin, A. Kantserov, V. Kaplin, V. Karakash, A. Popova, E. Smirnov, S. Frey, A. Kiesling, C. Seidel, K. Simon, F. Soldner, C. Weuste, L. Bonis, J. Bouquet, B. Callier, S. Cornebise, P. Doublet, Ph Dulucq, F. Giannelli, M. Faucci Fleury, J. Li, H. Martin-Chassard, G. Richard, F. de la Taille, Ch Poeschl, R. Raux, L. Seguin-Moreau, N. Wicek, F. Anduze, M. Boudry, V. Brient, J-C. Jeans, D. de Freitas, P. Mora Musat, G. Reinhard, M. Ruan, M. Videau, H. Bulanek, B. Zacek, J. Cvach, J. Gallus, P. Havranek, M. Janata, M. Kvasnicka, J. Lednicky, D. Marcisovsky, M. Polak, I. Popule, J. Tomasek, L. Tomasek, M. Ruzicka, P. Sicho, P. Smolik, J. Vrba, V. Zalesak, J. Belhorma, B. Ghazlane, H. Takeshita, T. CA CALICE Collaboration TI Construction and performance of a silicon photomultiplier/extruded scintillator tail-catcher and muon-tracker SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Calorimeters; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state)ARXIV EPRINT: 1201.1653 AB A prototype module for an International Linear Collider (ILC) detector was built, installed, and tested between 2006 and 2009 at CERN and Fermilab as part of the CALICE test beam program, in order to study the possibilities of extending energy sampling behind a hadronic calorimeter and to study the possibilities of providing muon tracking. The "tail catcher/muon tracker" (TCMT) is composed of 320 extruded scintillator strips (dimensions 1000 x 50 x 5mm(3)) packaged in 16 one-meter square planes interleaved between steel plates. The scintillator strips were read out with wavelength shifting fibers and silicon photomultipliers. The planes were arranged with alternating horizontal and vertical strip orientations. Data were collected for muons and pions in the energy range 6 GeV to 80 GeV. Utilizing data taken in 2006, this paper describes the design and construction of the TCMT, performance characteristics, and a beam-based evaluation of the ability of the TCMT to improve hadronic energy resolution in a prototype ILC detector. For a typical configuration of an ILC detector with a coil situated outside a calorimeter system with a thickness of 5.5 nuclear interaction lengths, a TCMT would improve relative energy resolution by 6-16% for pions between 20 and 80 GeV. C1 [Blazey, G. C.; Boona, S.; Chakraborty, D.; Dyshkant, A.; Hedin, D.; Lima, J. G. R.; Powell, J.; Rykalin, V.; Scurti, N.; Smith, M.; Tran, N.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, NICADD, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Adloff, C.; Blaha, J.; Blaising, J. -J.; Drancourt, C.; Espargiliere, A.; Gaglione, R.; Geffroy, N.; Karyotakis, Y.; Prast, J.; Vouters, G.] Univ Savoie, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Bilki, B.; Francis, K.; Repond, J.; Smith, J.; Xia, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Baldolemar, E.; Li, J.; Park, S. T.; Sosebee, M.; White, A. P.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Buanes, T.; Eigen, G.] Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Mikami, Y.; Watson, N. K.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Mavromanolakis, G.; Thomson, M. A.; Ward, D. R.; Yan, W.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Benchekroun, D.; Hoummada, A.; Khoulaki, Y.] Univ Hassan II Ain Chock, Fac Sci, Casablanca, Morocco. [Benyamna, M.; Carloganu, C.; Fehr, F.; Gay, P.; Manen, S.; Royer, L.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS IN2P3, LPC, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Hostachy, J. -Y.; Morin, L.] Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Polytech Grenoble, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Cornett, U.; David, D.; Dietrich, J.; Falley, G.; Gadow, K.; Goettlicher, P.; Guenter, C.; Hermberg, B.; Karstensen, S.; Krivan, F.; Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I.; Lu, S.; Lutz, B.; Marchesini, I.; Morozov, S.; Morgunov, V.; Reinecke, M.; Sefkow, F.; Smirnov, P.; Terwort, M.; Vargas-Trevino, A.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Feege, N.; Garutti, E.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Eckert, P.; Kaplan, A.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch; Shen, W.; Stamen, R.; Tadday, A.] Univ Heidelberg, Fak Phys & Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wilson, G. W.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Kawagoe, K.; Uozumi, S.] Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Dauncey, P. D.; Magnan, A. -M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Bartsch, V.; Wing, M.] Univ London Univ Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Salvatore, F.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Calvo Alamillo, E.; Fouz, M. -C.; Puerta-Pelayot, J.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Bobchenko, B.; Chadeeva, M.; Danilov, M.; Epifantsev, A.; Markin, O.; Mizuk, R.; Novikov, E.; Rusinov, V.; Tarkovsky, E.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117218 Moscow, Russia. [Kirikova, N.; Kozlov, V.; Soloviev, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Buzhan, P.; Dolgoshein, B.; Ilyin, A.; Kantserov, V.; Kaplin, V.; Karakash, A.; Popova, E.; Smirnov, S.] Moscow Phys Engn Inst, MEPhI, Deptartment Phys, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Frey, A.; Kiesling, C.; Seidel, K.; Simon, F.; Soldner, C.; Weuste, L.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Bonis, J.; Bouquet, B.; Callier, S.; Cornebise, P.; Doublet, Ph; Dulucq, F.; Giannelli, M. Faucci; Fleury, J.; Li, H.; Martin-Chassard, G.; Richard, F.; de la Taille, Ch; Poeschl, R.; Raux, L.; Seguin-Moreau, N.; Wicek, F.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Sci Orsay, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. [Anduze, M.; Boudry, V.; Brient, J-C.; Jeans, D.; de Freitas, P. Mora; Musat, G.; Reinhard, M.; Ruan, M.; Videau, H.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Bulanek, B.; Zacek, J.] Charles Univ Prague, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Cvach, J.; Gallus, P.; Havranek, M.; Janata, M.; Kvasnicka, J.; Lednicky, D.; Marcisovsky, M.; Polak, I.; Popule, J.; Tomasek, L.; Tomasek, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Sicho, P.; Smolik, J.; Vrba, V.; Zalesak, J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Belhorma, B.; Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci & Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Matsumoto, Nagano 390861, Japan. RP Blazey, GC (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, NICADD, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM gblazey@nicadd.niu.edu RI Chadeeva, Marina/C-8789-2016; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Smirnov, Petr/N-9652-2015; Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Mizuk, Roman/B-3751-2014; Kvasnicka, Jiri/G-6425-2014; Cvach, Jaroslav/G-6269-2014; Smolik, Jan/H-1479-2014; Zalesak, Jaroslav/G-5691-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Soloviev, Yury/M-8788-2015; Kirikova, Nataliia/N-1710-2015 OI Chadeeva, Marina/0000-0003-1814-1218; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164; Zalesak, Jaroslav/0000-0002-4519-4705; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Soloviev, Yury/0000-0003-1136-2827; FU Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' of Germany; Helmholtz-Nachwuchsgruppen [VH-NG-206]; BMBF [05HS6VH1]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation [RUS1066839 GSA]; joint Helmholtz Foundation; RFBR [HRJRG-002]; Russian [SS-1329.2008.2, RFBR08-02-121000-0FI]; Russian Ministry of Education and Science [02.740.11.0239]; MICINN; CPAN, Spain; CRI(MST) of MOST/KOSEF in Korea; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [AV0 Z3407391, AV0 Z10100502, LC527, LA09042]; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [202/05/0653]; Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K FX We would like to thank the technicians and the engineers who contributed to the design and construction of the TCMT, in particular P. Stone. FNAL also made essential contributions to the construction of the TCMT mechanical structure. We also gratefully acknowledge the DESY, CERN, and FNAL management for their support and hospitality, and their accelerator staff for the reliable and efficient beam operation. This work was supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; by the the DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' of Germany; by the Helmholtz-Nachwuchsgruppen grant VH-NG-206; by the BMBF, grant no. 05HS6VH1; by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Research Award IV, RUS1066839 GSA); by joint Helmholtz Foundation and RFBR grant HRJRG-002, SC Rosatom; by Russian Grants SS-1329.2008.2 and RFBR08-02-121000-0FI and by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science contract 02.740.11.0239; by MICINN and CPAN, Spain; by CRI(MST) of MOST/KOSEF in Korea; by the US Department of Energy and the US National Science Foundation; by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under the projects AV0 Z3407391, AV0 Z10100502, LC527 and LA09042 and by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under the project 202/05/0653; and by the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 7 AR P04015 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/P04015 PG 26 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 942AV UT WOS:000304012800039 ER PT J AU Failor, BH Gullikson, EM Link, NG Riordan, JC Wilson, BC AF Failor, B. H. Gullikson, E. M. Link, N. G. Riordan, J. C. Wilson, B. C. TI Sensitivity of an image plate system in the XUV (60 eV < E < 900 eV) SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Plasma diagnostics - interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging; Pulsed power AB Phosphor imaging plates (IPs) have been calibrated and proven useful for quantitative x-ray imaging in the 1 to over 1000 keV energy range. In this paper we report on calibration measurements made at XUV energies in the 60 to 900 eV energy range using beamline 6.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. We measured a sensitivity of similar to 25 +/- 15 counts/pJ over the stated energy range which is compatible with the sensitivity of Si photodiodes that are used for time-resolved measurements. Our measurements at 900 eV are consistent with the measurements made by Meadowcroft et al. at similar to 1 keV. C1 [Failor, B. H.; Link, N. G.; Riordan, J. C.] Pulse Sci Inc, Appl Technol L 3, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. [Gullikson, E. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wilson, B. C.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Failor, BH (reprint author), Pulse Sci Inc, Appl Technol L 3, 2700 Merced St, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. EM bruce.failor@1-3com.com FU Department of Energy; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [NT-12-077 [PA-12-058]] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussions with S.A. Mango, Carestream NTD, who also provided the IP that was used in this study. The Department of Energy provided the ALS beamtime and support for E.M. Gullikson. The remainder of the work was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (cleared for public release by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, dated 25 January 2012, reference number NT-12-077 [PA-12-058]). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 7 AR P04011 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/P04011 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 942AV UT WOS:000304012800035 ER PT J AU Niu, M Kao, CM Zhu, J Xiao, P Long, A Wagner, RG Drake, G Chen, CT Xie, Q AF Niu, M. Kao, C. -M. Zhu, J. Xiao, P. Long, A. Wagner, R. G. Drake, G. Chen, C. -T. Xie, Q. TI Evaluation of multi-pixel photon counters in energy determination for PET imaging SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Gamma camera, SPECT, PET PET/CT, coronary CT angiography (CTA); Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc); Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state); X-ray detectors ID MODE AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES; SILICON PHOTOMULTIPLIER; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; DETECTOR; LYSO; SIPM AB The multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC), also known as the silicon photo-multiplier (SiPM), is a novel, solid-state photodetector containing an array of Geiger-mode photodiodes (referred to as microcells below). MPPC is attractive for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging due to its PMT-like high gain, fast timing response, good photon detection efficiency (PDE), insensitivity to magnetic fields, and reasonable dark-count rates at room temperature. The number of microcells that an MPPC contains is a design parameter that concerns the tradeoffs between the PDE, dynamic range, response time and other properties. Generally, for a given pixel size, a smaller number of microcells yields a higher PDE, which is favorable, but a smaller dynamic range, which is not favorable. In this paper, we study and compare the gains, pulse shapes, and energy resolutions of three 1 x 1 mm(2) MPPCs that contain 1600, 400 or 100 microcells when coupled to a common PET scintillator LYSO. We employ two radiation sources with different energies to investigate the nonlinearity in the energy response and develop an energy calibration method. Our results show that although the 100-microcell MPPC has the best apparent energy resolution, the 400-microcell MPPC has the best calibrated energy resolution. C1 [Niu, M.; Zhu, J.; Xiao, P.; Long, A.; Xie, Q.] Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Niu, M.; Zhu, J.; Xiao, P.; Long, A.; Xie, Q.] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Kao, C. -M.; Chen, C. -T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wagner, R. G.; Drake, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Xie, Q (reprint author), Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM qgxie@mail.hust.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [60972099, 61027006]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) [2009DFR30580]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20090142110068]; Hubei Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars [2009CDA149]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HUST: Z2009001] FX The authors thank Ming Xie for assisting in the experiment setup. We also thank Daoming Xi, Jingjing Liu, LuyaoWang, Li Lin, Jinxia Guo and XiWang for the inspiring discussions. This work is supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Grant # 60972099, and # 61027006, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) Grant # 2009DFR30580, the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China Grant # 20090142110068, the Hubei Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars Grant # 2009CDA149, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, HUST: Z2009001. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 7 AR T04001 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/T04001 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 942AV UT WOS:000304012800042 ER PT J AU Raja, R AF Raja, R. TI Towards a compensatable Muon Collider calorimeter with manageable backgrounds SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Calorimeter methods; Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation; with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc) AB Muon Collider detectors pose very challenging problems in detector technology due to extremely large backgrounds present in the detector volume as a result of muon decays. Current designs of a 750 GeV/c per beam Muon Collider envisage 4.28 x 10(5) muon decays per meter in the beam pipe close to the interaction region. The decay electrons after intense shielding still manage to produce large backgrounds in the detector volume of low energy photons, neutrons and higher energy Bethe Heitler muons. There are 170/184/6.8/177 TeVs energy entering the detector volume per crossing due to EM particles/Muons/Mesons/Baryons respectively. We investigate the capabilities of an iron calorimeter with pixelated readout where each pixel gives a yes/no answer as to whether a charged particle passed through it or not, to solve this problem. Each pixel is individually triggered by a "travelling gate trigger" with a gate of 2 ns where the beginning of the gate is the time of arrival of a light signal from the interaction region to the pixel. We show that such a calorimeter is compensatable and propose two schemes to compensate the digital output in software to improve the resolution of the calorimeter. We show that such a calorimeter is capable of digitizing physics signals from the interaction region and as a result, the backgrounds from the muon decays are much reduced and under control. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Raja, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM raja@fnal.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 7 AR P04010 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/P04010 PG 55 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 942AV UT WOS:000304012800034 ER PT J AU Bar, M Schubert, BA Marsen, B Wilks, RG Blum, M Krause, S Pookpanratana, S Zhang, Y Unold, T Yang, W Weinhardt, L Heske, C Schock, HW AF Baer, M. Schubert, B. -A. Marsen, B. Wilks, R. G. Blum, M. Krause, S. Pookpanratana, S. Zhang, Y. Unold, T. Yang, W. Weinhardt, L. Heske, C. Schock, H. -W. TI Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cell absorbers illuminated by soft x-rays SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID HETEROJUNCTION; PERFORMANCE; CUINSE2 AB In view of the complexity of thin-film solar cells, which are comprised of a multitude of layers, interfaces, surfaces, elements, impurities, etc., it is crucial to characterize and understand the chemical and electronic structure of these components. Because of the high complexity of the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) compound semiconductor absorber material alone, this is particularly true for kesterite-based devices. Hence, this paper reviews our recent progress in the characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films. It is demonstrated that a combination of different soft x-ray spectroscopies is an extraordinarily powerful method for illuminating the chemical and electronic material characteristics from many different perspectives, ultimately resulting in a comprehensive picture of these properties. The focus of the article will be on secondary impurity phases, electronic structure, native oxidation, and the CZTS surface composition. C1 [Baer, M.; Schubert, B. -A.; Marsen, B.; Wilks, R. G.; Unold, T.; Schock, H. -W.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH HZB, Solar Energy Res, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. [Baer, M.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Inst Phys & Chem, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany. [Baer, M.; Blum, M.; Krause, S.; Pookpanratana, S.; Zhang, Y.; Heske, C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Blum, M.; Yang, W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Y.] Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. RP Bar, M (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH HZB, Solar Energy Res, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. EM marcus.baer@helmholtz-berlin.de RI Krause, Stefan/A-1281-2011; Weinhardt, Lothar/G-1689-2013; Yang, Wanli/D-7183-2011; OI Yang, Wanli/0000-0003-0666-8063; Unold, Thomas/0000-0002-5750-0693 FU Impuls- und Vernetzungsfonds of the Helmholtz-Association [VH-NG-423]; Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX R.G. Wilks and M. Bar acknowledge the financial support by the Impuls- und Vernetzungsfonds of the Helmholtz-Association (VH-NG-423). The ALS is funded by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Furthermore, the authors thank J. Paier and G. Kresse for making their calculated DOS data15 available in electronic form. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 71 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1097 EP 1104 DI 10.1557/jmr.2012.59 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942RZ UT WOS:000304066000001 ER PT J AU Wesolowski, DE Goeke, RS Morales, AM Goods, SH Sharma, PA Saavedra, MP Reyes-Gil, KR Neel, WCG Yang, NYC Apblett, CA AF Wesolowski, D. E. Goeke, R. S. Morales, A. M. Goods, S. H. Sharma, P. A. Saavedra, M. P. Reyes-Gil, K. R. Neel, W. C. G. Yang, N. Y. C. Apblett, C. A. TI Development of a Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric generator with high-aspect ratio, free-standing legs SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TELLURIDE AB A bismuth telluride alloy-based thermoelectric generator with high-aspect ratio, free-standing legs was fabricated. Such legs are desirable for efficient generator performance from low-grade heat sources but are difficult to assemble because they are fragile and difficult to handle and position. Plunge and wire electro-discharge machining (EDM) were used to produce 150 mu m x 300 mu m legs, approximately 6-mm long, with high fidelity. Removal of recast material from EDM was necessary for good adhesion of metallization, but sputter etching was found to deteriorate the mechanical strength of the contacts. A wet chemical cleaning process was developed instead that resulted in good adhesion under test conditions. Au was preferred for designs where interconnects could be patterned directly on the module. Module figure of merit (ZT) was 0.72, close to the 0.85 value expected from bulk material property measurements. Impedance spectroscopy and the Harman technique were shown to significantly underestimate module ZT in the present test configuration. Shear and fatigue testing were performed on arrays of high-aspect ratio legs. Legs survived over 10(4) cycles of shear loading at 90% of the load to failure. C1 [Wesolowski, D. E.; Goeke, R. S.; Morales, A. M.; Goods, S. H.; Sharma, P. A.; Saavedra, M. P.; Reyes-Gil, K. R.; Neel, W. C. G.; Yang, N. Y. C.; Apblett, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wesolowski, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dewesol@sandia.gov RI Sharma, Peter/G-1917-2011 OI Sharma, Peter/0000-0002-3071-7382 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 37 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1149 EP 1156 DI 10.1557/jmr.2012.27 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942RZ UT WOS:000304066000008 ER PT J AU Burgess, EA Unrine, JM Mills, GL Romanek, CS Wiegel, J AF Burgess, Elizabeth A. Unrine, Jason M. Mills, Gary L. Romanek, Christopher S. Wiegel, Juergen TI Comparative Geochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Two Thermal Pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; TERRESTRIAL HOT-SPRINGS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SP-NOV.; GEN. NOV.; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; HYDROTHERMAL ENVIRONMENTS; THERMOPHILIC PROKARYOTES; ARCHAEAL DIVERSITY; LIPID BIOMARKERS AB Arkashin Schurf (Arkashin) and Zavarzin Spring (Zavarzin), two active thermal pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia, were studied for geochemical and microbiological characterization. Arkashin, the smaller of the two pools, had broader temperature and pH ranges, and the sediments had higher concentrations of total As (4,250 mg/kg) relative to Zavarzin (48.9 mg/kg). Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether profiles represented distinct archaeal communities in each pool and agreed well with previous studies of these pools. Although no archaeal 16S rRNA sequences were recovered from Arkashin, sequences recovered from Zavarzin were mostly representatives of the Crenarchaeota and "Korarchaeota," and 13% of the sequences were unclassifiable. The bacterial community in Arkashin was dominated by uncultured " Bacteroidetes," Hydrogenobaculum of the Aquificales and Variovorax of the Betaproteobacteria, and 19% of the sequences remained unclassified. These results were consistent with other studies of As-rich features. The most abundant members of the Zavarzin bacterial community included the Chloroflexi, as well as members of the classes Deltaproteobacteria and Clostridia. In addition, 24% of the sequences were unclassified and at least 5% of those represent new groups among the established Bacterial phyla. Ecological structure in each pool was inferred from taxonomic classifications and bulk stable isotope delta values of C, N, and S. Hydrogenobaculum was responsible for primary production in Arkashin. However, in Zavarzin, the carbon source appeared to be allochthonous to the identified bacterial community members. Additionally, sequences related to organisms expected to participate in N and S cycles were identified from both pools. C1 [Burgess, Elizabeth A.; Mills, Gary L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Unrine, Jason M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Romanek, Christopher S.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Wiegel, Juergen] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Burgess, EA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM burgess@srel.edu OI Unrine, Jason/0000-0003-3012-5261; Wiegel, Juergen/0000-0002-6343-6464 FU National Science Foundation [MCB-MO 0238407]; US Civilian Research and Development Foundation; Savannah River Ecology Laboratory through the US Department of Energy; University of Georgia [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX Assistance was provided by C. Hagen for clone library construction, N. Etheridge for PLFA analysis and draft editing, A. Pearson for GDGT analysis, T. Maddox for stable isotope ratio analysis, and H. McLeod for draft editing. Thank you also to members of the Kamchatka MO field expeditions and administrators of the Kronotsky National Park. This manuscript was improved through feedback from anonymous reviewers. Research funding sources included the National Science Foundation (MCB-MO 0238407), the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation, and the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory through the US Department of Energy and the University of Georgia (DE-FC09-07SR22506). NR 79 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 471 EP 489 DI 10.1007/s00248-011-9979-4 PG 19 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 942BT UT WOS:000304015200001 PM 22124570 ER PT J AU Yashchuk, YV Yashchuk, VV AF Yashchuk, Yekaterina V. Yashchuk, Valeriy V. TI Reliable before-fabrication forecasting of expected surface slope distributions for x-ray optics SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE surface metrology; surface profilometer; auto-regressive moving average; autoregressive moving average models; power spectral density; calibration; fabrication tolerances; metrology of x-ray optics ID POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; REFLECTIVE OPTICS; GENETIC ALGORITHM; ROUGH SURFACES; TIME-SERIES; INTERFEROMETRY; METROLOGY; MIRRORS; PROFILE AB Numerical simulation of the performance of new beamlines and those under upgrade requires sophisticated and reliable information about the expected surface slope and height distributions of planned x-ray optics before they are fabricated. Obtaining such information should be based on the metrology data measured from existing mirrors that are made by the same vendor and technology; but, generally, with different sizes, slope, and height rms variations. In this work, we demonstrate a method for highly reliable forecasting of the expected surface slope distributions of prospective x-ray optics. The method is based on an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) modeling of the slope measurements with a limited number of parameters. With the parameters of the ARMA model, which we determined, the surface slope profile of an optic with the newly desired specification can reliably be forecast. The forecast profile, even if longer or differently shaped, still maintains the statistical properties of previously measured surfaces. We demonstrate the high accuracy of this type of forecasting by comparing the power spectral density distributions of the measured and forecast slope profiles. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.4.046501] C1 [Yashchuk, Yekaterina V.; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yashchuk, YV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM VVYashchuk@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; United States Government FX The authors are grateful to Howard Padmore and Wayne McKinney for useful discussions. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California. NR 100 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 51 IS 4 AR 046501 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.4.046501 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 942BS UT WOS:000304015100051 ER PT J AU Ogawa, K Isobe, M Toi, K Watanabe, F Spong, DA Shimizu, A Osakabe, M Darrow, DS Ohdachi, S Sakakibara, S AF Ogawa, K. Isobe, M. Toi, K. Watanabe, F. Spong, D. A. Shimizu, A. Osakabe, M. Darrow, D. S. Ohdachi, S. Sakakibara, S. CA LHD Expt Grp TI Magnetic Configuration Effects on Fast Ion Losses Induced by Fast Ion Driven Toroidal Alfven Eigenmodes in the Large Helical Device SO PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toroidal Alfven eigenmode; fast ion loss; the large helical device AB Beam-ion losses induced by fast-ion-driven toroidal Alfven eigenmodes (TAE) were measured with a scintillator-based lost fast-ion probe (SLIP) in the large helical device (LHD). The SLIP gave simultaneously the energy E and the pitch angle chi=arccos(v(parallel to)/v) distribution of the lost fast ions. The loss fluxes were investigated for three typical magnetic configurations of R-ax_vac=3.60 m, 3.75 m, and 3.90 m, where R-ax_vac is the magnetic axis position of the vacuum field. Dominant losses induced by TAEs in these three configurations were observed in the E/chi regions of 50 similar to 190 keV/40 degrees, 40 similar to 170 keV/25 degrees, and 30 similar to 190 keV/30 degrees, respectively. Lost-ion fluxes induced by TAEs depend clearly on the amplitude of TAE magnetic fluctuations, R-ax_vac and the toroidal field strength B-t. The increment of the loss fluxes has the dependence of (b(TAE)/B-t)(s). The power s increases from s = 1 to 3 with the increase of the magnetic axis position in finite beta plasmas. C1 [Ogawa, K.; Toi, K.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Isobe, M.; Toi, K.; Shimizu, A.; Osakabe, M.; Ohdachi, S.; Sakakibara, S.; LHD Expt Grp] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan. [Watanabe, F.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Spong, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Darrow, D. S.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ogawa, K (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. EM Ogawa.kunihiro@lhd.nifs.ac.jp RI OGAWA, Kunihiro/E-7516-2013; Sakakibara, Satoru/E-7542-2013 OI OGAWA, Kunihiro/0000-0003-4555-1837; Sakakibara, Satoru/0000-0002-3306-0531 FU MEXT [16082209]; JSPS [21360457, 21340175, 22-7912]; LHD [NIFS09ULHH508]; JSPS-CAS FX supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from MEXT (No. 16082209) and from JSPS (Nos. 21360457, 21340175, and 22-7912), and the LHD project budget (NIFS09ULHH508), partially supported by the JSPS-CAS Core-University program in the field of 'Plasma and Nuclear Fusion' NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1009-0630 J9 PLASMA SCI TECHNOL JI Plasma Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 BP 269 EP 272 DI 10.1088/1009-0630/14/4/01 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 938UE UT WOS:000303757800001 ER PT J AU Shi, TJ Su, D Liu, T Tang, KQ Camp, DG Qian, WJ Smith, RD AF Shi, Tujin Su, Dian Liu, Tao Tang, Keqi Camp, David G., II Qian, Wei-Jun Smith, Richard D. TI Advancing the sensitivity of selected reaction monitoring-based targeted quantitative proteomics SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Review DE Enrichment; Fractionation; Ion funnel; Sensitivity; SRM; Technology ID IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PEPTIDE IMMUNOAFFINITY ENRICHMENT; ELECTRODYNAMIC ION FUNNEL; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; LOW-ABUNDANCE PROTEINS; ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; CANCER BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUES; STABLE-ISOTOPE DILUTION; HUMAN PLASMA-PROTEINS AB Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) also known as multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) has emerged as a promising high-throughput targeted protein quantification technology for candidate biomarker verification and systems biology applications. A major bottleneck for current SRM technology, however, is insufficient sensitivity for, e.g. detecting low-abundance biomarkers likely present at the low ng/mL to pg/mL range in human blood plasma or serum, or extremely low-abundance signaling proteins in cells or tissues. Herein, we review recent advances in methods and technologies, including front-end immunoaffinity depletion, fractionation, selective enrichment of target proteins/peptides including posttranslational modifications, as well as advances in MS instrumentation which have significantly enhanced the overall sensitivity of SRM assays and enabled the detection of low-abundance proteins at low- to sub-ng/mL level in human blood plasma or serum. General perspectives on the potential of achieving sufficient sensitivity for detection of pg/mL level proteins in plasma are also discussed. C1 [Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM weijun.qian@pnnl.gov; rds@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Liu, Tao/A-9020-2013; Shi, Tujin/O-1789-2014 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Liu, Tao/0000-0001-9529-6550; FU NIH [1-DP2OD006668-01, CA111244, DK083447, 5P41RR018522-10, 8P41GM103493-10, U24-CA-160019-01]; Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF); DOE/BER; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830]; EIF NCI EDRN [Y01-CN-05013-29] FX Portions of this work were supported by the NIH Director's New Innovator Award Program 1-DP2OD006668-01; NIH Grants CA111244, DK083447, 5P41RR018522-10, 8P41GM103493-10, and U24-CA-160019-01; the Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF); and the EIF Women's Cancer Research Fund NCI EDRN Interagency Agreement Y01-CN-05013-29. The experimental work described herein was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE/BER and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL0 1830. NR 164 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 8 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 EI 1615-9861 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1074 EP 1092 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100436 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 940UI UT WOS:000303918200002 PM 22577010 ER PT J AU Singh, P Batth, TS Juminaga, D Dahl, RH Keasling, JD Adams, PD Petzold, CJ AF Singh, Pragya Batth, Tanveer S. Juminaga, Darmawi Dahl, Robert H. Keasling, Jay D. Adams, Paul D. Petzold, Christopher J. TI Application of targeted proteomics to metabolically engineered Escherichia coli SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cell biology; E; coli; Metabolic engineering; Mevalonate pathway; Targeted proteomics; Tyrosine production ID HETEROLOGOUS MEVALONATE PATHWAY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; DESIGN; TYROSINE; GENES; AMORPHA-4,11-DIENE; PHENYLALANINE; OPTIMIZATION; CHORISMATE; PRECURSOR AB As synthetic biology matures to compete with chemical transformation of commodity and high-value compounds, a wide variety of well-characterized biological parts are needed to facilitate system design. Protein quantification based on selected-reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry compliments metabolite and transcript analysis for system characterization and optimizing flux through engineered pathways. By using SRM quantification, we assayed red fluorescent protein (RFP) expressed from plasmids containing several inducible and constitutive promoters and subsequently assessed protein production from the same promoters driving expression of eight mevalonate pathway proteins in Escherichia coli. For each of the promoter systems, the protein level for the first gene in the operon followed that of RFP, however, the levels of proteins produced from genes farther from the promoter were much less consistent. Second, we used targeted proteomics to characterize tyrosine biosynthesis pathway proteins after removal of native regulation. The changes were not expected to cause significant impact on protein levels, yet significant variation in protein abundance was observed and tyrosine production for these strains spanned a range from less than 1 mg/L to greater than 250 mg/L. Overall, our results underscore the importance of targeted proteomics for determining accurate protein levels in engineered systems and fine-tuning metabolic pathways. C1 [Petzold, Christopher J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Singh, Pragya; Batth, Tanveer S.; Dahl, Robert H.; Keasling, Jay D.; Adams, Paul D.; Petzold, Christopher J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Juminaga, Darmawi; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dahl, Robert H.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Petzold, CJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St,4th Floor, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM cjpetzold@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological, and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological, and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. We gratefully acknowledge technical support from I. Vaino and Dr. S. Lane for data reporting and visualization. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100482 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 940UI UT WOS:000303918200022 PM 22577029 ER PT J AU More, JJ Wild, SM AF More, Jorge J. Wild, Stefan M. TI Estimating Derivatives of Noisy Simulations SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Algorithms; Reliability; Theory; Computational noise ID OPTIMIZATION AB We employ recent work on computational noise to obtain near-optimal difference estimates of the derivative of a noisy function. Our analysis relies on a stochastic model of the noise without assuming a specific form of distribution. We use this model to derive theoretical bounds for the errors in the difference estimates and obtain an easily computable difference parameter that is provably near-optimal. Numerical results closely resemble the theory and show that we obtain accurate derivative estimates even when the noisy function is deterministic. C1 [More, Jorge J.; Wild, Stefan M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP More, JJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM more@mcs.anl.gov; wild@mcs.anl.gov RI Wild, Stefan/P-4907-2016 OI Wild, Stefan/0000-0002-6099-2772 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0098-3500 EI 1557-7295 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD APR PY 2012 VL 38 IS 3 AR 19 DI 10.1145/2168773.2168777 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 937JN UT WOS:000303654900004 ER PT J AU Martin, LW Ramesh, R AF Martin, L. W. Ramesh, R. TI Overview No. 151 Multiferroic and magnetoelectric heterostructures SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Multtiferroics; Magnetoelectrics; BiFeO3; Oxide thin films ID BIFEO3 THIN-FILMS; MAGNETIC TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; EXCHANGE BIAS; DOMAIN-WALLS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; POLYDOMAIN HETEROSTRUCTURES; BISMUTH FERRITE; POLARIZATION; COMPOSITES AB We review recent developments and advances in multiferroic and magnetoelectric heterostructures. Driven by the promise of new materials functionality (i.e. electric field control of ferromagnetism), extensive on-going research is focused on the search for and characterization of new multiferroic materials. In this review we develop a comprehensive overview of multiferroic materials, including details on the nature of order parameters and coupling in these materials, the scarcity of such materials in single phase form, routes to create and control the properties of these materials, and we finish by investigating such effects in a number of model materials and heterostructures. This includes an in-depth discussion of BiFeO3, an investigation of recent advances in magnetoelectric materials, and an introduction to a variety of approaches by which one can achieve novel materials functionality. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Martin, L. W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Martin, L. W.] Univ Illinois, F Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Martin, LW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lwmartin@illinois.edu RI Martin, Lane/H-2409-2011 OI Martin, Lane/0000-0003-1889-2513 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-10-1-0482]; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd [919 Samsung 2010-06795]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; ARO; ONR MURI; Western Institute of Nanoelectronics; Intel; National Science Foundation FX L.W.M. acknowledges the support of the Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-10-1-0482 and the Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd under Grant 919 Samsung 2010-06795. R.R. acknowledges the support of the Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science Division of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, support from several ARO and ONR MURI contracts, and the Western Institute of Nanoelectronics program, as well as significant intellectual and financial support from scientists and engineers at Intel. R.R. has also benefitted significantly through funding from the National Science Foundation during his tenure at the University of Maryland, College Park. Both authors have benefitted from the numerous collaborations within the program at Berkeley/LBNL, as well as with valued collaborators around the world. NR 142 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 7 U2 203 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2449 EP 2470 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.12.024 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000001 ER PT J AU Mayer, T Balogh, L Solenthaler, C Gubler, EM Holdsworth, SR AF Mayer, T. Balogh, L. Solenthaler, C. Gubler, E. Mueller Holdsworth, S. R. TI Dislocation density and sub-grain size evolution of 2CrMoNiWV during low cycle fatigue at elevated temperatures SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocation density; Sub-grain size; Neutron diffraction; Low cycle fatigue; TEM ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LINE-PROFILE ANALYSIS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; CONTRAST; POLYCRYSTALS; PLASTICITY; METALS; POWDER AB We present the dislocation density and sub-grain size evolution for samples subjected to low cycle fatigue (LCF) loading under various conditions. Interrupted LCF tests have been performed on a cyclic softening bainitic steam turbine rotor steel, 2CrMoNiWV, at total strain amplitudes of +/- 0.25%, +/- 0.4% and +/- 0.7%, strain rates of 0.01 and 0.1% s(-1), and temperatures of 500 and 565 degrees C. Neutron diffraction experiments have been carried out on these samples, which were evaluated by means of a convolutional multiple whole profile peak shape analysis approach. With this analysis, both dislocation density and sub-grain size evolutions have been determined and compared to the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) spot-check evaluations. In addition, the proportions of prevailing dislocation types and the correlation factor of the microstructure have been determined. Finally, the results have been used to establish a phenomenological model describing the relationships between the observed cyclic softening and the evolution characteristics of dislocation density and sub-grain size, as a function of strain amplitude, strain rate and temperature. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mayer, T.; Holdsworth, S. R.] Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Balogh, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Solenthaler, C.; Gubler, E. Mueller] ETH, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Mayer, T (reprint author), Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. EM thomas.mayer@empa.ch RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Balogh, Levente/S-1238-2016 FU Swiss Competence Centre for Materials Science and Technology (CCMX-MERU); BB Turbo-Generators; ALSTOM; Swissnuclear; Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Trento FX The financial support by the Swiss Competence Centre for Materials Science and Technology (CCMX-MERU), ABB Turbo-Generators, ALSTOM and Swissnuclear is gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks are due to Prof. Edoardo Mazza from Empa for use of testing resources and to Dr Donald W. Brown from the Los Alamos National Laboratory and Prof. Paolo Scardi from the University of Trento for very helpful discussions and support. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2485 EP 2496 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.12.031 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000004 ER PT J AU Carpenter, JS Misra, A Anderson, PM AF Carpenter, John S. Misra, Amit Anderson, Peter M. TI Achieving maximum hardness in semi-coherent multilayer thin films with unequal layer thickness SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Multilayers; Nanocomposites; Hardness; Dislocations ID NANOSCALE METALLIC MULTILAYERS; CU-NI MULTILAYER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOLAYERED COMPOSITES; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; DISLOCATION; STRENGTH; INTERFACES; STRAIN; MICROSTRUCTURES AB Sources of plastic strengthening in [001] epitaxial Cu/Ni multilayer thin films are examined using measurements of in-plane lattice parameter and hardness (H) for films of different bilayer period (Lambda) and Ni volume fraction (% Ni). Similar to other investigations, H for 50% Ni-50% Cu films increases with decreasing bilayer period down to Lambda = 20 nm, where interfaces are coherent. A new finding is that H for semi-coherent films increases with % Ni. This strategy yields the largest reported H for this system (5.2 GPa for 60% Ni/40% Cu, Lambda = 60 nm), showing that smaller is not always stronger. The rationale for the increased H is the development of a large interfacial dislocation density during the elasto-plastic transition to fully plastic yield. This strengthens Cu/Ni interfaces to slip propagation. The results are interpreted with a dislocation-based model that furnishes estimates of interfacial dislocation line energies, pinning strengths to confined layer slip, and interface barrier strengths to slip transmission. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carpenter, John S.; Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Carpenter, John S.; Anderson, Peter M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Carpenter, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM carpenter@lanl.gov RI Anderson, Peter/J-8315-2014; OI Carpenter, John/0000-0001-8821-043X FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; National Science Foundation (Division of Materials Research) [DMR-0907024] FX This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. J.S.C. and P.M.A. gratefully acknowledge J. Kevin Baldwin and the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (Los Alamos National Laboratory) for multilayer synthesis (Section 2.1), E. Andrew Payzant and the Center for Nanophase Materials Science (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) for XRD analysis (Section 2.3), and the National Science Foundation (Division of Materials Research DMR-0907024, Alan J. Ardell, Program Officer) for financial support. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2625 EP 2636 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.029 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000016 ER PT J AU Yang, ZQ Chisholm, MF Yang, B Ma, XL Wang, YJ Zhuo, MJ Pennycook, SJ AF Yang, Z. Q. Chisholm, M. F. Yang, B. Ma, X. L. Wang, Y. J. Zhuo, M. J. Pennycook, S. J. TI Role of crystal defects on brittleness of C15 Cr2Nb Laves phase SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Laves phase; Dislocation; Twin boundary; Fracture; Brittleness ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DEFORMATION MICROSTRUCTURES; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; FRACTURE; NBCR2 AB First-principles calculations, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations and geometrical phase analysis of lattice strain based on HRTEM images have been carried out on C15 Cr2Nb Laves phase. Asymmetrical nanoscale regions with severe lattice distortion were observed in the vicinity of Shockley partial dislocation cores. These disturbed regions are the result of synchroshear inside the Nb-Cr-Nb triple layers. Reactions of dislocations with twin boundaries (TBs) also result in severe lattice distortion. The resulting local lattice distortion and perturbed strain field deleteriously impact dislocation-governed plasticity. First-principles calculations show that cleavage occurs preferentially between the single Cr layer and the Nb-Cr-Nb triple layer in these materials. TBs, which are on single Cr layers, nucleate and propagate cracks readily in Cr2Nb, as evidenced by the lattice dilatation along a TB interacting with one 60 degrees dislocation. The present study shows atomic level evidence on how crystal defects and their interactions influence the mechanical properties, especially the poor toughness at low temperatures, of C15 Cr2Nb. This provides new insights into the origin of low temperature brittleness of Laves compounds with complex structures. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Z. Q.; Yang, B.; Ma, X. L.; Wang, Y. J.; Zhuo, M. J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [Yang, Z. Q.; Chisholm, M. F.; Pennycook, S. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yang, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. EM yangzq34@yahoo.com RI Yang, Zhiqing/E-5188-2011 OI Yang, Zhiqing/0000-0003-2017-6583 FU NSFC [51171189, 50771096]; MoST of China [2009BC623705]; CAS; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the US Department of Energy FX Z.Q.Y. would like to thank Prof. Y.M. Wang for discussion and Z. Li for help in writing the GPA code. This work was supported by the NSFC (51171189, 50771096) and the MoST of China (2009BC623705). Z.Q.Y. is also supported by a CAS visiting scholarship. M.F.C. and S.J.P. are supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the US Department of Energy. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2637 EP 2646 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.030 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000017 ER PT J AU Coakley, J Reed, RC Warwick, JLW Rahman, KM Dye, D AF Coakley, James Reed, Roger C. Warwick, Jonnathan L. W. Rahman, Khandaker M. Dye, David TI Lattice strain evolution during creep in single-crystal superalloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Neutron diffraction; Nickel alloys; Creep; Dislocations ID NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY; HIGH-VOLUME FRACTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; INTERGRANULAR STRAINS; STIFFNESS CONSTANTS; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; GAMMA'-PHASE; TEMPERATURE; DEFORMATION AB In situ neutron diffraction studies are carried out to characterize the micromechanical deformation occurring during tensile creep of a typical single-crystal nickel-based superalloy, CMSX-4. The loading responses of the matrix gamma phase and the precipitate gamma' are distinct. Moreover, the behaviour in the tertiary creep regime (in which the gamma' phase remains intact) is qualitatively different from that in the primary creep regime (when gamma' is sheared). In tertiary creep, initial deformation of the matrix leads to a release of misfit between the phases in the (100), resulting in elastic compression of the gamma in the loading direction. The load state then remains fairly constant during creep. During the initial stages of primary creep, elastic compression of the gamma phase is observed until at around 2-4% creep strain this compression stabilizes as the (100) misfit is released. This is the point at which gamma' shearing is thought to begin. Subsequently, the load in the gamma increases by around 200 MPa until a maximum is reached at around 8% creep strain. This load is then suddenly released, which may be due to the release of back-stress. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Warwick, Jonnathan L. W.; Rahman, Khandaker M.; Dye, David] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Coakley, James] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Reed, Roger C.] Univ Birmingham, Dept Met & Mat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Dye, D (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM david.dye@imperial.ac.uk RI Dye, David/B-5603-2012 OI Dye, David/0000-0002-8756-3513 FU EPSRC; QinetiQ plc; Rolls-Royce plc FX J.C. would like to acknowledge funding from EPSRC and QinetiQ plc of a CASE studentship. D.D. and R.C.R. gratefully acknowledge funding from EPSRC and Rolls-Royce plc for this work, and for the provision of the test bars and useful discussions by Drs. D.W. MacLachlan and N. Jones at Rolls-Royce plc. Beamtime at ISIS was generously provided by STFC, assistance in performing the experiments by Dr. E.C. Oliver and with profile fitting by Dr. H.J. Stone. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2729 EP 2738 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.039 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000026 ER PT J AU Martin, ML Somerday, BP Ritchie, RO Sofronis, P Robertson, IM AF Martin, M. L. Somerday, B. P. Ritchie, R. O. Sofronis, P. Robertson, I. M. TI Hydrogen-induced intergranular failure in nickel revisited SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen embrittlement; Intergranular cracking; Transmission electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscopy; Nickel ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; SLIP TRANSFER MECHANISMS; INSITU DEFORMATION; FRACTURE; EMBRITTLEMENT; CRACKING; STEELS; TRANSMISSION; PHOSPHORUS; TRANSPORT AB Using a combination of high-resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the basic mechanisms of hydrogen-induced intergranular fracture in nickel have been revisited. Focused-ion beam machining was employed to extract samples from the fracture surface to enable the examination of the microstructure immediately beneath it. Evidence for slip on multiple slip systems was evident on the fracture surface; immediately beneath it, an extensive dislocation substructure exists. These observations raise interesting questions about the role of plasticity in establishing the conditions for hydrogen-induced crack initiation and propagation along a grain boundary. The mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement are re-examined in light of these new results. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Martin, M. L.; Sofronis, P.; Robertson, I. M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Somerday, B. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sofronis, P.; Robertson, I. M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Martin, M. L.; Somerday, B. P.; Ritchie, R. O.; Sofronis, P.; Robertson, I. M.] Kyushu Univ, Int Inst Carbon Neutral Energy Res, Fukuoka 812, Japan. RP Robertson, IM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ianr@illinois.edu RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 FU DOE EERE [GO15045]; University of Illinois Satellite Center of the International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER); Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation FX The SEM and TEM work (M.M., P.S., I.M.R.) was supported by DOE EERE Grant GO15045 and the University of Illinois Satellite Center of the International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Microscopy work was carried out in the Center for Microanalysis of Materials in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois. P.S. acknowledges fruitful discussions with Dr. C. San Marchi. The involvement of R.O.R. was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Sandia National Laboratories (B.P.S.) is operated for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. I.M.R. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation. NR 50 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 7 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2739 EP 2745 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.040 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000027 ER PT J AU Zhang, RF Wang, J Beyerlein, IJ Misra, A Germann, TC AF Zhang, R. F. Wang, J. Beyerlein, I. J. Misra, A. Germann, T. C. TI Atomic-scale study of nucleation of dislocations from fcc-bcc interfaces SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Interface; Dislocation; Nucleation; Atomistic simulation ID DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; NANOSTRUCTURED METALS; BICRYSTAL INTERFACES; MULTILAYERS; TWIN; SIMULATIONS; COPPER; MODEL; SLIP; CU AB Using atomistic simulations, we reveal the role of the atomic interface structure on the nucleation of glissile dislocations from a low-energy, atomically flat, incoherent face-centered cubic-body-centered cubic interface with a Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship. Several loading states are simulated to systematically probe the selection of slip systems. Contrary to conventional expectation, the preferred nucleation sites are not always associated with pre-existing misfit dislocations, and the preferred slip systems are not determined solely by the Schmid factor. Amongst the two or more systems that may be geometrically favored, the activated slip system depends on the structure of the nucleation site. The system-site combination is such that the dislocation deposited in the interface after the nucleation event lowers the interfacial energy and has a relatively low self-energy. The fundamental correlations established here apply to interfaces of other orientation relationships that are also flat and have spatially non-uniform shear resistance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Wang, J.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, MST 8,MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development [ER20110573]; LANL FX R.F.Z. would like to acknowledge the support of a LANL Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship. J.W., I.J.B., A.M. and T.C.G. were supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. J.W. is also grateful for the support provided by Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development project ER20110573. The authors thank Prof. John P. Hirth for his valuable comments regarding the effect of intrinsic defects on the activity of slip systems. NR 52 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 8 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2855 EP 2865 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.050 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000037 ER PT J AU Otto, F Viswanathan, GB Payton, EJ Frenzel, J Eggeler, G AF Otto, F. Viswanathan, G. B. Payton, E. J. Frenzel, J. Eggeler, G. TI On the effect of grain boundary segregation on creep and creep rupture SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Creep damage; Grain boundary segregation; Copper; Bismuth; Antimony ID ANALYTICAL ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; VACANCY FORMATION ENERGIES; DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE COPPER; BISMUTH SEGREGATION; SOLUTE SEGREGATION; DISLOCATION LINE; ALLOYS; FRACTURE; QUANTIFICATION AB The present work investigates the effect of grain boundary chemistry and crystallography on creep and on creep damage accumulation in Cu-0.008 wt.% Bi and Cu-0.92 wt.% Sb at stresses ranging from 10 to 20 MPa and temperatures between 773 and 873 K. Small additions of Bi and Sb significantly reduce the rupture strain and rupture time during creep of Cu. High stress exponents (Cu-Bi) and high apparent activation energies for creep (Cu-Bi and Cu-Sb) are obtained. Sb promotes creep cavitation on random high-angle grain boundaries. Bi, on the other hand, causes brittle failure when small crack-like cavities cause decohesion. Both elements suppress dynamic recrystallization, which occurs during creep of Cu at high stresses and temperatures. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Otto, F.; Payton, E. J.; Frenzel, J.; Eggeler, G.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Mat, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Viswanathan, G. B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Otto, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM frederik.otto@rub.de RI Eggeler, Gunther/R-9833-2016; OI Frenzel, Jan/0000-0002-2778-5392; Payton, Eric/0000-0001-7478-9372 NR 69 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2982 EP 2998 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.004 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000048 ER PT J AU Reed, BW Adams, BL Bernier, JV Hefferan, CM Henrie, A Li, SF Lind, J Suter, RM Kumar, M AF Reed, B. W. Adams, B. L. Bernier, J. V. Hefferan, C. M. Henrie, A. Li, S. F. Lind, J. Suter, R. M. Kumar, M. TI Experimental tests of stereological estimates of grain boundary populations SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE 3-D characterization; Grain boundary engineering; Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD); High-energy X-ray diffraction; Twin boundary ID 3-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; EBSD; CONNECTIVITY; SIMULATIONS; DIMENSIONS; MICROSCOPY; NETWORKS; TEXTURE AB We present experimental validation of a method for estimating three-dimensional (3-D) relative numerical populations of grain boundaries from measurements of individual two-dimensional (2-D) cross-sections. Such numerical populations are relevant to network topology and the modeling of intergranular failure modes in grain boundary engineered materials, and are distinct from geometrical population measures such as area per volume. We examine 3-D reconstructions of stainless steel and copper, with varying populations of twin-related boundaries, generated by serial-section electron backscatter diffraction and high-energy X-ray diffraction microscopy. We show that 2-D length fractions, 2-D number fractions and 3-D number fractions are all distinct quantities when grain boundary type is correlated with grain boundary size. We also demonstrate that the last quantity may be reliably inferred from the first two, provided the experimental spatial resolution is much finer than the grain size, eliminating the need to use 3-D experimental methods to access at least some information about 3-D network properties. Many of the Sigma 3 boundaries are extremely complex, with highly re-entrant shapes that can intersect a sample plane many times, giving a false impression of multiple separate boundaries. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reed, B. W.; Bernier, J. V.; Kumar, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Adams, B. L.; Henrie, A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hefferan, C. M.; Li, S. F.; Lind, J.; Suter, R. M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Reed, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM reed12@llnl.gov RI Reed, Bryan/C-6442-2013; Suter, Robert/P-2541-2014; Li, Shiu Fai/B-2605-2014 OI Suter, Robert/0000-0002-0651-0437; Li, Shiu Fai/0000-0001-9805-5621 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; National Science Foundation [DMR0805100, DMR1105173, DMR080072]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. B.W.R., J.V.B. and M.K. were supported by the US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Work at CMU was supported by the National Science Foundation under awards DMR0805100 and DMR1105173. This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation through TeraGrid resources provided by Texas Advanced Computing Center under grant number DMR080072. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 2999 EP 3010 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.005 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000049 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZW Liu, CT Wang, XL Miller, MK Ma, D Chen, G Williams, JR Chin, BA AF Zhang, Z. W. Liu, C. T. Wang, X-L. Miller, M. K. Ma, D. Chen, G. Williams, J. R. Chin, B. A. TI Effects of proton irradiation on nanocluster precipitation in ferritic steel containing fcc alloying additions SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Proton irradiation; Cu-rich nanoscale precipitate; Ferritic steel; Atom probe tomography; Solute enrichment ID PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE; AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; FE-CU ALLOY; COPPER PRECIPITATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; LOW-CARBON; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; ALPHA-FE AB Newly developed precipitate-strengthened ferritic steels with and without pre-existing nanoscale precipitates were irradiated with 4 MeV protons to a dose of similar to 5 mdpa at 50 degrees C and subsequently examined by nanoindentation and atom probe tomography. Irradiation-enhanced precipitation and coarsening of pre-existing nanoscale precipitates were observed. Cu partitions to the precipitate core along with a segregation of Ni, Al and Mn to the precipitate/matrix interface after both thermal aging and proton irradiation. Proton irradiation induces the precipitation reaction and coarsening of pre-existing nanoscale precipitates, and these results are similar to a thermal aging process. The precipitation and coarsening of nanoscale precipitates are responsible for the changes in hardness. The observation of the radiation-induced softening is essentially due to the coarsening of the pre-existing Cu-rich nanoscale precipitates. The implication of the precipitation on the embrittlement of reactor-pressure-vessel steels after irradiation is discussed. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, C. T.] City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Adv Struct Mat, Coll Sci & Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Z. W.; Liu, C. T.; Chin, B. A.] Auburn Univ, Mat Res & Educ Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhang, Z. W.; Wang, X-L.; Ma, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, Z. W.; Chen, G.] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Mat Behav & Design, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Miller, M. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Williams, J. R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Liu, CT (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Adv Struct Mat, Coll Sci & Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM chainliu@cityu.edu.cn RI Ma, Dong/G-5198-2011; zhang, zhongwu/G-1875-2012; Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010 OI Ma, Dong/0000-0003-3154-2454; zhang, zhongwu/0000-0002-2874-2976; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 FU Auburn University; City University of Hong Kong; NJUST [2010GIPY031]; NSFC [50871054, 51171081]; RFDP [20113219120044]; Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX We thank the Tandem Accelerator Laboratory at the Leach Science Center at Auburn University for the irradiation instrument time and we acknowledge the help of our local contacts Tamara Isaacs-Smith and Max Cichon. This research was supported by internal funding from Auburn University and City University of Hong Kong, together with the NJUST Research Funding (No. 2010GIPY031), the NSFC Funding (Nos. 50871054 and 51171081) and RFDP Funding (No. 20113219120044). M.K.M., X.L.W. and Z.W.Z. were sponsored in part by the Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. Atom probe tomography research (M.K.M., Z.W.Z.) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SHaRE User Facility was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 86 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 70 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 3034 EP 3046 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.008 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000052 ER PT J AU Kanjarla, AK Lebensohn, RA Balogh, L Tome, CN AF Kanjarla, A. K. Lebensohn, R. A. Balogh, L. Tome, C. N. TI Study of internal lattice strain distributions in stainless steel using a full-field elasto-viscoplastic formulation based on fast Fourier transforms SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Lattice strains; Stainless steel; Neutron diffraction; Yield phenomena; Peak broadening ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; FINITE-ELEMENT; POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; NONLINEAR COMPOSITES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; GRAIN INTERACTION; NUMERICAL-METHOD; TEXTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; CONTRAST AB In this work, the evolution of internal lattice strains in face-centered cubic stainless steel under uniaxial tension is studied using a recently developed full-field elasto-viscoplastic formulation based on fast Fourier transforms. The shape of the diffraction peaks is simulated, and the predicted lattice strains (peak shift and broadening) are compared with the experimental measurements obtained by in situ tensile neutron diffraction. Detailed analysis of the lattice strain distributions reveal that {100} and {110} transverse families exhibit a bimodal nature, and that transverse lattice strains are more sensitive to local grain interactions compared with longitudinal lattice strains. A comparison with the results of a mean-field formulation indicates that type III (intragranular) stresses play a much larger role than type II (intergranular) stresses in diffraction peak broadening. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Kanjarla, A. K.; Lebensohn, R. A.; Balogh, L.; Tome, C. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kanjarla, AK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM anand@lanl.gov RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013; Balogh, Levente/S-1238-2016 OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; FU Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES) [FWP-06SCPE401]; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575] FX The experiments reported in this work were carried out at Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Helpful discussions with Prof. Mark Daymond (Queens University, Canada), and Drs. Bjorn Clausen and Stephen Niezgoda (LANL) are acknowledged. This work is funded by US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES) FWP-06SCPE401. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575. NR 49 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 3094 EP 3106 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.014 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000058 ER PT J AU Ni, S Wang, YB Liao, XZ Figueiredo, RB Li, HQ Ringer, SP Langdon, TG Zhu, YT AF Ni, S. Wang, Y. B. Liao, X. Z. Figueiredo, R. B. Li, H. Q. Ringer, S. P. Langdon, T. G. Zhu, Y. T. TI The effect of dislocation density on the interactions between dislocations and twin boundaries in nanocrystalline materials SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocations; Twin boundaries; Dislocation density; Nanocrystalline materials ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DEFORMATION TWINS; FCC METALS; NANOTWINNED COPPER; NANOSCALE TWINS; GRAINED COPPER; RE ALLOY; MECHANISM AB The interactions between dislocations and twin boundaries (TBs) are significantly affected by both intrinsic material properties and extrinsic factors, including stacking fault energy, the energy barriers for dislocation reactions at TBs, twin thickness and applied stress. In this study, dislocation TB interactions in grains with different dislocation densities were investigated and we conclude that the dislocation density also affects the dislocation TB interactions. In a twinned grain with a low dislocation density, a dislocation may react with a TB to fully or partially penetrate the TB or to be absorbed by the TB via different dislocation reactions. Alternatively, in a twinned grain with a high dislocation density, dislocations tangle with each other and are pinned at the TBs, thereby making it unfavourable for further dislocation reactions to mediate dislocation penetration across the TB. This leads to an accumulation of dislocations at the TBs, raising the local strain energy, which, in turn, is released by the activation of secondary twins by partial dislocation emissions from the other side of the TB. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ni, S.; Wang, Y. B.; Liao, X. Z.] Univ Sydney, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mechatron Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Figueiredo, R. B.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Mat Engn & Civil Construct, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Li, H. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ringer, S. P.] Univ Sydney, Australian Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Langdon, T. G.] Univ Southampton, Mat Res Grp, Sch Engn Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Zhu, Y. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA. RP Liao, XZ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mechatron Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM xiaozhou.liao@sydney.edu.au RI Ringer, Simon/E-3487-2012; Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Wang, Yanbo/B-3175-2009; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Ni, Song/E-9484-2011; Figueiredo, Roberto/F-3451-2012 OI Ringer, Simon/0000-0002-1559-330X; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; FU University of Sydney; Australian Research Council [DP0772880, DP120100510]; LDRD of Los Alamos National Laboratory; National Science Foundation of the USA [DMR-0855009]; European Research Council [267464-SPDMETALS]; US Army Research Office; China Scholarship Council; US Army Research Laboratory FX The authors are grateful for scientific and technical input and support from the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility node at the University of Sydney. This project was supported by the Australian Research Council (Grant Nos. DP0772880 and DP120100510 (S.N., Y.B.W., and X.Z.L.)), the LDRD program of Los Alamos National Laboratory (H.Q.L.), the National Science Foundation of the USA under Grant No. DMR-0855009 and the European Research Council under ERC Grant Agreement No. 267464-SPDMETALS (R.B.F. and T.G.L.) and the US Army Research Office and Army Research Laboratory (Y.T.Z.). S.N. also appreciates support from the China Scholarship Council. NR 53 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 8 U2 103 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6-7 BP 3181 EP 3189 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.026 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 941GP UT WOS:000303952000066 ER PT J AU Laurens, LML Quinn, M Van Wychen, S Templeton, DW Wolfrum, EJ AF Laurens, Lieve M. L. Quinn, Matthew Van Wychen, Stefanie Templeton, David W. Wolfrum, Edward J. TI Accurate and reliable quantification of total microalgal fuel potential as fatty acid methyl esters by in situ transesterification SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fatty acids; Fuels; Catalysts; GC; Bioanalytical methods; Algae ID PURIFICATION; CHALLENGES; EXTRACTION; BIOFUELS; LIPIDS; ASSAY AB In the context of algal biofuels, lipids, or better aliphatic chains of the fatty acids, are perhaps the most important constituents of algal biomass. Accurate quantification of lipids and their respective fuel yield is crucial for comparison of algal strains and growth conditions and for process monitoring. As an alternative to traditional solvent-based lipid extraction procedures, we have developed a robust whole-biomass in situ transesterification procedure for quantification of algal lipids (as fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) that (a) can be carried out on a small scale (using 4-7 mg of biomass), (b) is applicable to a range of different species, (c) consists of a single-step reaction, (d) is robust over a range of different temperature and time combinations, and (e) tolerant to at least 50% water in the biomass. Unlike gravimetric lipid quantification, which can over- or underestimate the lipid content, whole biomass transesterification reflects the true potential fuel yield of algal biomass. We report here on the comparison of the yield of FAMEs by using different catalysts and catalyst combinations, with the acid catalyst HCl providing a consistently high level of conversion of fatty acids with a precision of 1.9% relative standard deviation. We investigate the influence of reaction time, temperature, and biomass water content on the measured FAME content and profile for 4 different samples of algae (replete and deplete Chlorella vulgaris, replete Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and replete Nannochloropsis sp.). We conclude by demonstrating a full mass balance closure of all fatty acids around a traditional lipid extraction process. ' C1 [Laurens, Lieve M. L.; Quinn, Matthew; Van Wychen, Stefanie; Templeton, David W.; Wolfrum, Edward J.] Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Laurens, LML (reprint author), Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Lieve.Laurens@nrel.gov RI Laurens, Lieve/B-3545-2013; OI Wolfrum, Edward/0000-0002-7361-8931 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, through the NREL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) FX Excellent technical assistance of Corinne Feehan and Nicholas Sweeney is appreciated throughout this work. Nicholas Sweeney has been instrumental in generating algal biomass samples grown under different nutrient conditions. We also thank Philip Pienkos for his comments on manuscript. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, through the NREL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program. NR 19 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 4 U2 56 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 403 IS 1 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1007/s00216-012-5814-0 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 912YY UT WOS:000301839700011 PM 22349344 ER PT J AU Kalb, SR Baudys, J Rees, JC Smith, TJ Smith, LA Helma, CH Hill, K Kull, S Kirchner, S Dorner, MB Dorner, BG Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Kalb, Suzanne R. Baudys, Jakub Rees, Jon C. Smith, Theresa J. Smith, Leonard A. Helma, Charles H. Hill, Karen Kull, Skadi Kirchner, Sebastian Dorner, Martin B. Dorner, Brigitte G. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI De novo subtype and strain identification of botulinum neurotoxin type B through toxin proteomics SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Botulinum neurotoxin; Botulism; Mass spectrometry; Proteomics ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; INFANT BOTULISM; JAPAN; DIFFERENTIATION; DIVERSITY; SEROTYPE AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause the disease botulism, which can be lethal if untreated. There are seven known serotypes of BoNT, A-G, defined by their response to antisera. Many serotypes are distinguished into differing subtypes based on amino acid sequence, and many subtypes are further differentiated into toxin variants. Previous work in our laboratory described the use of a proteomics approach to distinguish subtype BoNT/A1 from BoNT/A2 where BoNT identities were confirmed after searching data against a database containing protein sequences of all known BoNT/A subtypes. We now describe here a similar approach to differentiate subtypes BoNT/B1, /B2, /B3, /B4, and /B5. Additionally, to identify new subtypes or hitherto unpublished amino acid substitutions, we created an amino acid substitution database covering every possible amino acid change. We used this database to differentiate multiple toxin variants within subtypes of BoNT/B1 and B2. More importantly, with our amino acid substitution database, we were able to identify a novel BoNT/B subtype, designated here as BoNT/B7. These techniques allow for subtype and strain level identification of both known and unknown BoNT/B rapidly with no DNA required. ' C1 [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Baudys, Jakub; Rees, Jon C.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Smith, Theresa J.] USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Smith, Leonard A.] MRMC, Off Chief Scientist, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Helma, Charles H.; Hill, Karen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kull, Skadi; Kirchner, Sebastian; Dorner, Martin B.; Dorner, Brigitte G.] Robert Koch Inst, Ctr Biol Secur, Microbial Toxins ZBS3, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X FU National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases [B18-120] FX This research was partially supported through Interagency Agreement B18-120 from the National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases. The opinions, interpretations, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Army, the Robert Koch-Institut, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, or the National Institutes of Health. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 403 IS 1 BP 215 EP 226 DI 10.1007/s00216-012-5767-3 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 912YY UT WOS:000301839700016 PM 22395449 ER PT J AU Lin, GY Cosimbescu, L Karin, NJ Tarasevich, BJ AF Lin, Genyao Cosimbescu, Lelia Karin, Norman J. Tarasevich, Barbara J. TI Injectable and thermosensitive PLGA-g-PEG hydrogels containing hydroxyapatite: preparation, characterization and in vitro release behavior SO BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; DEGRADATION; COMPOSITES; TISSUE; CELLS; VIVO AB Here we report the design and characterization of injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel composites comprised of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-g-poly(ethylene glycol)(PLGA-g-PEG) containing hydroxyapatite (HA) for potential application in bone tissue engineering. Inclusion of HA into the hydrogels would provide both enhanced mechanical properties and bioactivity to the composites. The effects of HA on the properties of the hydrogels were investigated in terms of storage modulus, sol-gel transition properties, pH and in vitro dye release behavior. The hydrogel composites were also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that hydrogel composites preserved their sol-gel transition properties in the presence of HA. The storage modulus of the hydrogels was enhanced in a HA-content dependent manner, and the acidic pH environment of the hydrogel was neutralized by HA, both representing great advantages over the hydrogel alone. SEM images showed that HA particles were well dispersed and distributed within the hydrogel matrix. The composites showed a sustained release of a small molecule model dye for up to two weeks with slight increase of release with addition of HA. This work demonstrates the formation of novel thermogelling composites of PLGA-g-PEG and HA that are injectable and promote controlled release. C1 [Lin, Genyao; Cosimbescu, Lelia; Karin, Norman J.; Tarasevich, Barbara J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, GY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM genyao.lin@pnnl.gov; barbara.tarasevich@pnnl.gov RI Lin, Genyao /G-1062-2011 FU Battelle Pacific Northwest Division; Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund; DOE-OBER at PNNL FX This project was supported by Battelle Pacific Northwest Division's Independent Research and Development Program (NJK) and the Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund (NJK). A portion of the research was performed in the EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE-OBER at PNNL. We are grateful to Laxmikant Saraf for performing the Environmental SEM study. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 7 U2 55 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-6041 EI 1748-605X J9 BIOMED MATER JI Biomed. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 SI SI AR 024107 DI 10.1088/1748-6041/7/2/024107 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 937OV UT WOS:000303668700008 PM 22456931 ER PT J AU Vaivads, A Andersson, G Bale, SD Cully, CM De Keyser, J Fujimoto, M Grahn, S Haaland, S Ji, H Khotyaintsev, YV Lazarian, A Lavraud, B Mann, IR Nakamura, R Nakamura, TKM Narita, Y Retino, A Sahraoui, F Schekochihin, A Schwartz, SJ Shinohara, I Sorriso-Valvo, L AF Vaivads, A. Andersson, G. Bale, S. D. Cully, C. M. De Keyser, J. Fujimoto, M. Grahn, S. Haaland, S. Ji, H. Khotyaintsev, Yu V. Lazarian, A. Lavraud, B. Mann, I. R. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, T. K. M. Narita, Y. Retino, A. Sahraoui, F. Schekochihin, A. Schwartz, S. J. Shinohara, I. Sorriso-Valvo, L. TI EIDOSCOPE: particle acceleration at plasma boundaries SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Cosmic vision; Particle acceleration; Multi-scale coupling in plasmas; Space plasmas ID MAGNETIC-FIELD MEASUREMENTS; X-RAY SOURCE; SOLAR-WIND; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; RECONNECTION; TURBULENCE; SHEET; JETS; CLUSTER; FLARE AB We describe the mission concept of how ESA can make a major contribution to the Japanese Canadian multi-spacecraft mission SCOPE by adding one cost-effective spacecraft EIDO (Electron and Ion Dynamics Observatory), which has a comprehensive and optimized plasma payload to address the physics of particle acceleration. The combined mission EIDOSCOPE will distinguish amongst and quantify the governing processes of particle acceleration at several important plasma boundaries and their associated boundary layers: collisionless shocks, plasma jet fronts, thin current sheets and turbulent boundary layers. Particle acceleration and associated cross-scale coupling is one of the key outstanding topics to be addressed in the Plasma Universe. The very important science questions that only the combined EIDOSCOPE mission will be able to tackle are: 1) Quantitatively, what are the processes and efficiencies with which both electrons and ions are selectively injected and subsequently accelerated by collisionless shocks? 2) How does small-scale electron and ion acceleration at jet fronts due to kinetic processes couple simultaneously to large scale acceleration due to fluid (MHD) mechanisms? 3) How does multi-scale coupling govern acceleration mechanisms at electron, ion and fluid scales in thin current sheets? 4) How do particle acceleration processes inside turbulent boundary layers depend on turbulence properties at ion/electron scales? EIDO particle instruments are capable of resolving full 3D particle distribution functions in both thermal and suprathermal regimes and at high enough temporal resolution to resolve the relevant scales even in very dynamic plasma processes. The EIDO spin axis is designed to be sun-pointing, allowing EIDO to carry out the most sensitive electric field measurements ever accomplished in the outer magnetosphere. Combined with a nearby SCOPE Far Daughter satellite, EIDO will form a second pair (in addition to SCOPE Mother-Near Daughter) of closely separated satellites that provides the unique capability to measure the 3D electric field with high accuracy and sensitivity. All EIDO instrumentation are state-of-the-art technology with heritage from many recent missions. The EIDOSCOPE orbit will be close to equatorial with apogee 25-30 RE and perigee 8-10 RE. In the course of one year the orbit will cross all the major plasma boundaries in the outer magnetosphere; bow shock, magnetopause and magnetotail current sheets, jet fronts and turbulent boundary layers. EIDO offers excellent cost/benefits for ESA, as for only a fraction of an M-class mission cost ESA can become an integral part of a major multi-agency L-class level mission that addresses outstanding science questions for the benefit of the European science community. C1 [Vaivads, A.; Cully, C. M.; Khotyaintsev, Yu V.] Swedish Inst Space Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. [Andersson, G.; Grahn, S.] Swedish Space Corp, Stockholm, Sweden. [Bale, S. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bale, S. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [De Keyser, J.] Belgian Inst Space Aeron, Brussels, Belgium. [Fujimoto, M.; Nakamura, T. K. M.; Shinohara, I.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Haaland, S.] Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway. [Ji, H.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Lazarian, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lavraud, B.] Univ Toulouse UPS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Plantol, Toulouse, France. [Mann, I. R.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Nakamura, R.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Narita, Y.] Inst Geophys & Extraterr Phys, Braunschweig, Germany. [Retino, A.; Sahraoui, F.] Observ St Maur, Lab Phys Plasmas LPP, F-94107 St Maur Des Fosses, France. [Schekochihin, A.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford, England. [Schwartz, S. J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. [Sorriso-Valvo, L.] CNR IPCF Liquid Crystals Lab, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. RP Vaivads, A (reprint author), Swedish Inst Space Phys, Box 537, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM andris@irfu.se RI Bale, Stuart/E-7533-2011; Sorriso-Valvo, Luca/A-9355-2008; Vaivads, Andris/H-8169-2013; Nakamura, Rumi/I-7712-2013; Cully, Christopher/P-2539-2016; OI Bale, Stuart/0000-0002-1989-3596; Sorriso-Valvo, Luca/0000-0002-5981-7758; Vaivads, Andris/0000-0003-1654-841X; Nakamura, Rumi/0000-0002-2620-9211; Retino, Alessandro/0000-0001-5824-2852 FU Swedish National Space Board FX We acknowledge the support by the Swedish National Space Board that particularly allowed the Swedish Space Corporation to carry out feasibility study. We acknowledge the useful discussion and comments from A. Alexandrova (IWF, Austria), M. Andre (IRF, Sweden), G. Belmont (LPP, France), J. Birn (LANL, US), D. Burgess (QMUL, UK), J. P. Eastwood (ICL, UK), H. Hasegawa (ISAS/JAXA, Japan), S. Imada (ISAS/JAXA), A. Kis (GGKI, Hungary), L. Kistler (UNH, US), M. Oka (UCB, Berkeley), H. Opgenoorth (IRF, Sweden), G. Paschmann (MPE, Germany), V. Sergeev (Univ. StPB, Russia). We acknowledge the input from ISSI group "Dispersive cascade and dissipation in collisionless space plasma turbulence-observations and simulations". NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 491 EP 527 DI 10.1007/s10686-011-9233-6 PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 934SE UT WOS:000303466100008 ER PT J AU Melhus, MF Aranson, IS AF Melhus, Martin F. Aranson, Igor S. TI Effect of vibration on solid-to-liquid transition in small granular systems under shear SO GRANULAR MATTER LA English DT Article DE Fluidization transition; Vibration; Noise ID FLOWS; SIMULATIONS; ROUGH; MEDIA AB The effect of vibration on the solid-to-liquid-like transition of a dense granular assembly under planar shear is studied numerically using soft particle molecular dynamics simulations in two dimensions. We focus on small systems in a thin planar Couette cell, examining the bistable region while increasing shear, with varying amounts of vertical vibration, and determine statistics of the shear required for fluidization. In the absence of vibration, the threshold value of the shear stress depends on the preparation of the system and has a broad distribution. However, adding periodic vibration both lowers the mean fluidization threshold value of the shear stress and decreased its variability. A previous study performed similar simulations using random noise; the results from these two studies exhibit excellent agreement with proper normalization over appropriate ranges of parameters. C1 [Melhus, Martin F.; Aranson, Igor S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Melhus, Martin F.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM aronson@anl.gov RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 FU U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was inspired by Isaac's Goldhirsch ground-breaking works on the mechanical properties of dense granular materials [35,36], who both authors had the privilege of knowing over a number of years. The research was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under the Contract No. DE AC02-06CH11357. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-5021 J9 GRANUL MATTER JI Granul. Matter PD APR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1007/s10035-012-0314-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 940IJ UT WOS:000303882900014 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Aglietta, M Ahlers, M Ahn, EJ Albuquerque, IFM Allard, D Allekotte, I Allen, J Allison, P Almela, A Castillo, JA Alvarez-Muniz, J Ambrosio, M Aminaei, A Anchordoqui, L Andringa, S Antici'c, T Aramo, C Arganda, E Arqueros, F Asorey, H Assis, P Aublin, J Ave, M Avenier, M Avila, G Backer, T Badescu, AM Balzer, M Barber, KB Barbosa, AF Bardenet, R Barroso, SLC Baughman, B Bauml, J Beatty, JJ Becker, BR Becker, KH Belletoile, A Bellido, JA BenZvi, S Berat, C Bertou, X Biermann, PL Billoir, P Blanco, F Blanco, M Bleve, C Blumer, H Bohacova, M Boncioli, D Bonifazi, C Bonino, R Borodai, N Brack, J Brancus, I Brogueira, P Brown, WC Bruijn, R Buchholz, P Bueno, A Burton, RE Caballero-Mora, KS Caccianiga, B Caramete, L Caruso, R Castellina, A Catalano, O Cataldi, G Cazon, L Cester, R Chauvin, J Cheng, SH Chiavassa, A Chinellato, JA Diaz, JC Chudoba, J Cilmo, M Clay, RW Coluccia, MR Conceicao, R Contreras, F Cook, H Cooper, MJ Coppens, J Cordier, A Coutu, S Covault, CE Creusot, A Criss, A Cronin, J Curutiu, A Dagoret-Campagne, S Dallier, R Dasso, S Daumiller, K Dawson, BR de Almeida, RM De Domenico, M De Donato, C de Jong, SJ De la Vega, G de Mello, WJM Neto, JRTD De Mitri, I de Souza, V de Vries, KD del Peral, L del Rio, M Deligny, O Dembinski, H Dhita, N Di Giulio, C Castro, MLD Diep, R Diogo, F Dobrigkeit, C Docters, W D'Olivo, JC Dong, PN Dorofeev, A dos Anjos, JC Dova, MT D'Urso, D Dutan, I Ebr, J Engel, R Erdmann, M Escobar, CO Espadana, J Etchegoyen, A Luis, PFS Tapia, IF Falcke, H Farrar, G Fauth, AC Fazzini, N Ferguson, AP Fick, B Filevich, A Filipcic, A Fliescher, S Fracchiolla, CE Fraenke, ED Fratu, O Frohlich, U Fuchs, B Gaior, R Gamarra, RF Gambetta, S Garcia, B Roca, STG Garcia-Gamez, D Garcia-Pinto, D Gascon, A Gemmeke, H Ghia, PL Giaccari, U Giller, M Glass, H Gold, MS Golup, G Albarracin, FG Berisso, MG Vitale, PFG Goncalves, P Gonzalez, D Gonzalez, JG Gookin, B Gorgi, A Gouffon, P Grashorn, E Grebe, S Griffith, N Grigat, M Grillo, AF Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Guzman, A Hague, JD Hansen, P Harari, D Harmsma, S Harrison, TA Harton, JL Haungs, A Hebbeker, T Heck, D Herve, AE Hojvat, C Hollon, N Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horneffer, A Horvath, P Hrabovsky, M Huege, T Insolia, A Ionita, F Italiano, A Jarne, C Jiraskova, S Josebachuili, M Kadija, K Kampert, KH Karhan, P Kaper, P Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapp, J Koang, DH Kotera, K Krohm, N Kromer, O Kruppke-Hansen, D Kuehn, F Kuempe, D Kulbartz, JK Kunka, N La Rosa, G Lachaud, C Lauer, R Lautridou, P Le Coz, S Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P de Oliveira, MAL Letessier-Selvon, A Lhenry-Yvon, I Link, K Lopez, R Aguera, AL Louedec, K Bahilo, JL Lu, L Lucero, A Ludwig, M Lyberis, H Macolino, C Maldera, S Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Marin, J Marin, V Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Marsella, G Martello, D Martin, L Martinez, H Bravo, OM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maure, D Maurizio, D Mazur, PO Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Mertsch, P Meurer, C Mi'canovi'c, S Micheletti, MI Minaya, IA Miramonti, L Molina-Bueno, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, E Moreno, JC Mostafa, M Moura, CA Muller, MA Muller, G Munchmeyer, M Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Nelles, A Neuser, J Nhung, PT Niechcio, M Niemietz, L Nierstenhoefer, N Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Nyklicek, M Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Ortiz, M Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Hotta, JP Palmieri, N Parente, G Parizot, E Parra, A Pastor, S Paul, T Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrinca, P Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Petrovic, J Pfendner, C Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pieroni, P Pimenta, M Pirronello, V Platino, M Ponce, VH Pontz, M Porcelli, A Privitera, P Prouza, M Quel, EJ Querchfeld, S Rautenberg, J Ravel, O Ravignani, D Revenu, B Ridky, J Riggi, S Risse, M Ristori, P Rivera, H Rizi, V Roberts, J de Carvalho, WR Rodriguez, G Martino, JR Rojo, JR Rodriguez-Cabo, I Rodriguez-Frias, MD Ros, G Rosado, J Rossler, T Roth, M Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B Roulet, E Rovero, AC Ruhle, C Saftoiu, A Salamida, F Salazar, H Greus, FS Salina, G Sanchez, F Santo, CE Santos, E Santos, EM Sarazin, F Sarkar, B Sarkar, S Sato, R Scharf, N Scherini, V Schieler, H Schiffer, P Schmidt, A Scholten, O Schoorlemmer, H Schovancova, J Schovanek, P Schroder, F Schulte, S Schuster, D Sciutto, SJ Scuderi, M Segreto, A Settimo, M Shadkam, A Shellard, RC Sidelnik, I Sigl, G Lopez, HHS Sima, O Smialkowski, A Smida, R Snow, GR Sommers, P Sorokin, J Spinka, H Squartini, R Srivastava, YN Stanic, S Stapleton, J Stasielak, J Stephan, M Stutz, A Suarez, F Suomijarvi, T Supanitsky, AD Susa, T Sutherland, MS Swain, J Szadkowski, Z Szuba, M Tapia, A Tartare, M Tascau, O Ruiz, CGT Tcaciuc, R Tegolo, D Thao, NT Thomas, D Tiffenberg, J Timmermans, C Tkaczyk, W Peixoto, CJT Toma, G Tome, B Tonachini, A Travnicek, P Tridapalli, DB Tristram, G Trovato, E Tueros, M Ulrich, R Unger, M Urban, M Galicia, JFV Valino, I Valore, L van den Berg, AM Varela, E Cardenas, BV Vazquez, JR Vazquez, RA Veberic, D Verzi, V Vicha, J Videla, M Villasenor, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Walz, D Watson, AA Weber, M Weidenhaupt, K Weind, A Werner, F Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Widom, A Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Will, M Williams, C Winchen, T Wommer, M Wundheiler, B Yamamoto, T Yapici, T Younk, P Yuan, G Yushkov, A Zamorano, B Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Zhu, Y Silva, MZ Ziolkowski, M AF Abreu, P. Aglietta, M. Ahlers, M. Ahn, E. J. Albuquerque, I. F. M. Allard, D. Allekotte, I. Allen, J. Allison, P. Almela, A. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muniz, J. Ambrosio, M. Aminaei, A. Anchordoqui, L. Andringa, S. Antici'c, T. Aramo, C. Arganda, E. Arqueros, F. Asorey, H. Assis, P. Aublin, J. Ave, M. Avenier, M. Avila, G. Baecker, T. Badescu, A. M. Balzer, M. Barber, K. B. Barbosa, A. F. Bardenet, R. Barroso, S. L. C. Baughman, B. Baeuml, J. Beatty, J. J. Becker, B. R. Becker, K. H. Belletoile, A. Bellido, J. A. BenZvi, S. Berat, C. Bertou, X. Biermann, P. L. Billoir, P. Blanco, F. Blanco, M. Bleve, C. Bluemer, H. Bohacova, M. Boncioli, D. Bonifazi, C. Bonino, R. Borodai, N. Brack, J. Brancus, I. Brogueira, P. Brown, W. C. Bruijn, R. Buchholz, P. Bueno, A. Burton, R. E. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Caccianiga, B. Caramete, L. Caruso, R. Castellina, A. Catalano, O. Cataldi, G. Cazon, L. Cester, R. Chauvin, J. Cheng, S. H. Chiavassa, A. Chinellato, J. A. Diaz, J. Chirinos Chudoba, J. Cilmo, M. 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CA Pierre Auger Collaboration TI A search for anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultra high energy cosmic rays recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ultra high energy cosmic rays; cosmic ray experiments ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SMALL-SCALE ANISOTROPY; HIRES STEREO; BL-LACERTAE; SPECTRUM; OBJECTS AB Observations of cosmic rays arrival directions made with the Pierre Auger Observatory have previously provided evidence of anisotropy at the 99% CL using the correlation of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with objects drawn from the Veron-Cetty Veron catalog. In this paper we report on the use of three catalog independent methods to search for anisotropy. The 2pt-L, 2pt+ and 3pt methods, each giving a different measure of self-clustering in arrival directions, were tested on mock cosmic ray data sets to study the impacts of sample size and magnetic smearing on their results, accounting for both angular and energy resolutions. If the sources of UHECRs follow the same large scale structure as ordinary galaxies in the local Universe and if UHECRs are deflected no more than a few degrees, a study of mock maps suggests that these three method can efficiently respond to the resulting anisotropy with a P-value = 1.0% or smaller with data sets as few as 100 events. using data taken from January 1, 2004 to July 31, 2010 we examined the 20, 30, ... , 110 highest energy events with a corresponding minimum energy threshold of about 49.3 EeV. The minimum P-values found were 13.5% using the 2pt-L method, 1.0% using the 2pt+ method and 1.1% using the 3pt method for the highest 100 energy events. 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EM auger_spokesperson@fnal.gov RI Rodriguez Frias, Maria /A-7608-2015; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; De Mitri, Ivan/C-1728-2017; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/C-1432-2014; Nosek, Dalibor/F-1129-2017; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; de Almeida, Rogerio/L-4584-2016; De Domenico, Manlio/B-5826-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Blanco, Francisco/F-1131-2015; Conceicao, Ruben/L-2971-2014; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Guarino, Fausto/I-3166-2012; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Carvalho Jr., Washington/H-9855-2015; Espadanal, Joao/I-6618-2015; De Donato, Cinzia/J-9132-2015; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/K-2272-2015; Martello, Daniele/J-3131-2012; Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; scuderi, mario/O-7019-2014; zas, enrique/I-5556-2015; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Arqueros, Fernando/K-9460-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; Ros, German/L-4764-2014; Sima, Octavian/C-3565-2011; Di Giulio, Claudio/B-3319-2015; Bueno, Antonio/F-3875-2015; Parente, Gonzalo/G-8264-2015; dos Santos, Eva/N-6351-2013; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/H-1857-2015; Rosado, Jaime/K-9109-2014; Valino, Ines/J-8324-2012; Bohacova, Martina/G-5898-2014; Cazon, Lorenzo/G-6921-2014; Schovanek, Petr/G-7117-2014; Vicha, Jakub/G-8440-2014; Travnicek, Petr/G-8814-2014; Smida, Radomir/G-6314-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Horvath, Pavel/G-6334-2014; Garcia Pinto, Diego/J-6724-2014; Pastor, Sergio/J-6902-2014; Brogueira, Pedro/K-3868-2012; de souza, Vitor/D-1381-2012; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/I-7972-2012; Yushkov, Alexey/A-6958-2013; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Ebr, Jan/H-8319-2012; Nierstenhofer, Nils/H-3699-2013; Pakk Selmi-Dei, Daniel/H-2675-2013; Goncalves, Patricia /D-8229-2013; Assis, Pedro/D-9062-2013; Prouza, Michael/F-8514-2014; Mandat, Dusan/G-5580-2014; Pech, Miroslav/G-5760-2014; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012; Muller, Marcio Aparecido/H-9112-2012; D'Urso, Domenico/I-5325-2012; Badescu, Alina/B-6087-2012; Bleve, Carla/J-2521-2012; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /F-2540-2011; Fauth, Anderson/F-9570-2012; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/G-3873-2012; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Caramete, Laurentiu/C-2328-2011; OI Aglietta, Marco/0000-0001-8354-5388; Kothandan, Divay/0000-0001-9048-7518; Castellina, Antonella/0000-0002-0045-2467; maldera, simone/0000-0002-0698-4421; Matthews, James/0000-0002-1832-4420; Yuan, Guofeng/0000-0002-1907-8815; Mertsch, Philipp/0000-0002-2197-3421; Catalano, Osvaldo/0000-0002-9554-4128; Ravignani, Diego/0000-0001-7410-8522; Segreto, Alberto/0000-0001-7341-6603; Navarro Quirante, Jose Luis/0000-0002-9915-1735; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /0000-0002-2550-4462; De Mitri, Ivan/0000-0002-8665-1730; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/0000-0002-4683-230X; Nosek, Dalibor/0000-0001-6219-200X; Sigl, Guenter/0000-0002-4396-645X; Gomez Berisso, Mariano/0000-0001-5530-0180; Salamida, Francesco/0000-0002-9306-8447; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; de Almeida, Rogerio/0000-0003-3104-2724; De Domenico, Manlio/0000-0001-5158-8594; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Blanco, Francisco/0000-0003-4332-434X; Conceicao, Ruben/0000-0003-4945-5340; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Carvalho Jr., Washington/0000-0002-2328-7628; Espadanal, Joao/0000-0002-1301-8061; De Donato, Cinzia/0000-0002-9725-1281; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/0000-0001-9217-5219; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; scuderi, mario/0000-0001-9026-5317; zas, enrique/0000-0002-4430-8117; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Arqueros, Fernando/0000-0002-4930-9282; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ros, German/0000-0001-6623-1483; Di Giulio, Claudio/0000-0002-0597-4547; Bueno, Antonio/0000-0002-7439-4247; Parente, Gonzalo/0000-0003-2847-0461; dos Santos, Eva/0000-0002-0474-8863; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/0000-0002-2367-0803; Rosado, Jaime/0000-0001-8208-9480; Valino, Ines/0000-0001-7823-0154; Del Peral, Luis/0000-0003-2580-5668; Coutu, Stephane/0000-0003-2923-2246; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071; Ulrich, Ralf/0000-0002-2535-402X; Garcia, Beatriz/0000-0003-0919-2734; Dembinski, Hans/0000-0003-3337-3850; Zamorano, Bruno/0000-0002-4286-2835; Bonino, Raffaella/0000-0002-4264-1215; Mantsch, Paul/0000-0002-8382-7745; Aramo, Carla/0000-0002-8412-3846; Knapp, Johannes/0000-0003-1519-1383; Cazon, Lorenzo/0000-0001-6748-8395; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Horvath, Pavel/0000-0002-6710-5339; Garcia Pinto, Diego/0000-0003-1348-6735; Brogueira, Pedro/0000-0001-6069-4073; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/0000-0002-3240-6270; Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Ebr, Jan/0000-0001-8807-6162; Goncalves, Patricia /0000-0003-2042-3759; Assis, Pedro/0000-0001-7765-3606; Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136; D'Urso, Domenico/0000-0002-8215-4542; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /0000-0002-1236-0789; Fauth, Anderson/0000-0001-7239-0288; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/0000-0003-3669-8212; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Marsella, Giovanni/0000-0002-3152-8874; La Rosa, Giovanni/0000-0002-3931-2269; Asorey, Hernan/0000-0002-4559-8785; Rizi, Vincenzo/0000-0002-5277-6527; Petrera, Sergio/0000-0002-6029-1255; Andringa, Sofia/0000-0002-6397-9207 FU Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Argentina; Fundacion Antorchas, Argentina; Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina; Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina; NDM Holdings, Argentina; Valle Las Lenas, Argentina; Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Brazil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Brazil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil; Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR, Czech Republic [AV0Z10100502, AV0Z10100522]; GAAV, Czech Republic [KJB100100904]; MSMT-CR, Czech Republic [LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MEB111003, MSM0021620859]; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France; Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France; Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France; Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Germany; Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Germany; Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Netherlands; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland [N N202 200239, N N202 207238]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenia; Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, Spain; FEDER, Spain; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain; Consolider-Ingenio (CPAN), Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy USA [DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300]; National Science Foundation USA [0450696]; Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC / HELEN; European Union [MEIF-CT-2005-025057, PIEF-GA-2008-220240]; UNESCO FX We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Fundacion Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MEB111003, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. N N202 200239 and N N202 207238, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy, Contract Nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC / HELEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-CT-2005-025057, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant No. PIEF-GA-2008-220240, and UNESCO NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 42 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 040 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/04/040 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 937NK UT WOS:000303665000040 ER PT J AU Hearin, AP Zentner, AR Ma, ZM AF Hearin, Andrew P. Zentner, Andrew R. Ma, Zhaoming TI General requirements on matter power spectrum predictions for cosmology with weak lensing tomography SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxy clustering; weak gravitational lensing ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT ERRORS; DARK ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; VIRMOS-DESCART SURVEY; COSMIC SHEAR; SELF-CALIBRATION; LAMBDA-CDM; BARYONS; UNIVERSE; STATISTICS AB Forthcoming projects such as DES, LSST, WFIRST, and Euclid aim to measure weak lensing shear correlations with unprecedented precision, constraining the dark energy equation of state at the percent level. Reliance on photometrically-determined redshifts constitutes a major source of uncertainty for these surveys. Additionally, interpreting the weak lensing signal requires a detailed understanding of the nonlinear physics of gravitational collapse. We present a new analysis of the stringent calibration requirements for weak lensing analyses of future imaging surveys that addresses both photo-z uncertainty and errors in the calibration of the matter power spectrum. We find that when photo-z uncertainty is taken into account the requirements on the level of precision in the prediction for the matter power spectrum are more stringent than previously thought. Including degree-scale galaxy clustering statistics in a joint analysis with weak lensing not only strengthens the survey's constraining power by similar to 20%, but can also have a profound impact on the calibration demands, decreasing the degradation in dark energy constraints with matter power spectrum uncertainty by a factor of 2 - 5. Similarly, using galaxy clustering information significantly relaxes the demands on photo-z calibration. We compare these calibration requirements to the contemporary state-of-the-art in photometric redshift estimation and predictions of the power spectrum and suggest strategies to utilize forthcoming data optimally. C1 [Hearin, Andrew P.; Zentner, Andrew R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Ma, Zhaoming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hearin, AP (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM aph15@pitt.edu; zentner@pitt.edu; mzm@bnl.gov FU Pittsburgh Particle physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITTPACC) at the University of Pittsburgh; US National Science Foundation [AST 0806367]; Department of Energy [DOE-DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We thank Wayne Hu, Dragan Huterer, Jeff Newman, Chris Purcell, Douglas Rudd, and Bob Sakamano for useful discussions. ARZ and APH are supported by the Pittsburgh Particle physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITTPACC) at the University of Pittsburgh, and by the US National Science Foundation through grant AST 0806367. ZM is supported through Department of Energy grant DOE-DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 92 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 034 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/04/034 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 937NK UT WOS:000303665000034 ER PT J AU Brandao, M Heath, G Cooper, J AF Brandao, Miguel Heath, Garvin Cooper, Joyce TI What Can Meta-Analyses Tell Us About the Reliability of Life Cycle Assessment for Decision Support? SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ENERGY C1 [Brandao, Miguel] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Heath, Garvin] US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Technol Syst & Sustainabil Anal Grp, Golden, CO USA. [Cooper, Joyce] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Brandao, M (reprint author), 2 0 LCA Consultants, Int Life Cycle Acad, Barcelona, Spain. EM mb@lca-net.com RI Brandao, Miguel/H-3903-2013 OI Brandao, Miguel/0000-0002-8101-8928 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S3 EP S7 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00477.x PG 5 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400002 ER PT J AU Burkhardt, JJ Heath, G Cohen, E AF Burkhardt, John J., III Heath, Garvin Cohen, Elliot TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Trough and Tower Concentrating Solar Power Electricity Generation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE dish Stirling; life cycle assessment; meta-analysis; parabolic trough; power tower; renewable energy ID SYSTEMS AB In reviewing life cycle assessment (LCA) literature of utility-scale concentrating solar power (CSP) systems, this analysis focuses on reducing variability and clarifying the central tendency of published estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a meta-analytical process called harmonization. From 125 references reviewed, 10 produced 36 independent GHG emissions estimates passing screens for quality and relevance: 19 for parabolic trough (trough) technology and 17 for power tower (tower) technology. The interquartile range (IQR) of published estimates for troughs and towers were 83 and 20 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh), respectively; median estimates were 26 and 38 g CO2-eq/kWh for trough and tower, respectively. Two levels of harmonization were applied. Light harmonization reduced variability in published estimates by using consistent values for key parameters pertaining to plant design and performance. The IQR and median were reduced by 87% and 17%, respectively, for troughs. For towers, the IQR and median decreased by 33% and 38%, respectively. Next, five trough LCAs reporting detailed life cycle inventories were identified. The variability and central tendency of their estimates are reduced by 91% and 81%, respectively, after light harmonization. By harmonizing these five estimates to consistent values for global warming intensities of materials and expanding system boundaries to consistently include electricity and auxiliary natural gas combustion, variability is reduced by an additional 32% while central tendency increases by 8%. These harmonized values provide useful starting points for policy makers in evaluating life cycle GHG emissions from CSP projects without the requirement to conduct a full LCA for each new project. C1 [Burkhardt, John J., III; Heath, Garvin; Cohen, Elliot] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Heath, G (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM garvin.heath@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Many National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and U. S. DOE staff members helped guide this project, most importantly Margaret Mann (NREL), and also Austin Brown (formerly at U. S. DOE, now at NREL), Ookie Ma (DOE), and Gian Porro (NREL). Additional contributors to the LCA Harmonization Project include Pamala Sawyer, Stacey Dolan, Patrick, O'Donoughue, and Ethan Warner, all of NREL, and Vasilis Fthenakis and Hyung-Chul Kim of Brookhaven National Laboratory. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S93 EP S109 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00474.x PG 17 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400010 ER PT J AU Dolan, SL Heath, GA AF Dolan, Stacey L. Heath, Garvin A. TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Utility-Scale Wind Power SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE greenhouse gas emissions; industrial ecology; life cycle assessment; meta-analysis; renewable energy; wind energy ID ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; ENERGY; TURBINES; TECHNOLOGIES; SYSTEM; PLANTS; GERMANY; FARM AB A systematic review and harmonization of life cycle assessment (LCA) literature of utility-scale wind power systems was performed to determine the causes of and, where possible, reduce variability in estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Screening of approximately 240 LCAs of onshore and offshore systems yielded 72 references meeting minimum thresholds for quality, transparency, and relevance. Of those, 49 references provided 126 estimates of life cycle GHG emissions. Published estimates ranged from 1.7 to 81 grams CO2-equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh), with median and interquartile range (IQR) both at 12 g CO2-eq/kWh. After adjusting the published estimates to use consistent gross system boundaries and values for several important system parameters, the total range was reduced by 47% to 3.0 to 45 g CO2-eq/kWh and the IQR was reduced by 14% to 10 g CO2-eq/kWh, while the median remained relatively constant (11 g CO2-eq/kWh). Harmonization of capacity factor resulted in the largest reduction in variability in life cycle GHG emission estimates. This study concludes that the large number of previously published life cycle GHG emission estimates of wind power systems and their tight distribution suggest that new process-based LCAs of similar wind turbine technologies are unlikely to differ greatly. However, additional consequential LCAs would enhance the understanding of true life cycle GHG emissions of wind power (e.g., changes to other generators operations when wind electricity is added to the grid), although even those are unlikely to fundamentally change the comparison of wind to other electricity generation sources. C1 [Dolan, Stacey L.; Heath, Garvin A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Heath, GA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM garvin.heath@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for funding this research. Many staff at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the DOE have been helpful in guiding this project, most importantly Margaret Mann, Eric Lantz, and Gian Porro of NREL, and also Austin Brown (DOE now NREL) and Ookie Ma (DOE). Additional contributors to the LCA Harmonization Project's research include Martin Vorum, Pamala Sawyer, John Burkhardt, Ethan Warner, and Elliot Cohen of NREL, where Ethan Warner was particularly helpful at the end stages of this article. NR 66 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S136 EP S154 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00464.x PG 19 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400013 ER PT J AU Heath, GA Mann, MK AF Heath, Garvin A. Mann, Margaret K. TI Background and Reflections on the Life Cycle Assessment Harmonization Project SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Heath, Garvin A.; Mann, Margaret K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Heath, GA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd,Mailstop RSF300, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM garvin.heath@nrel.gov FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX The LCA Harmonization Project has been generously funded by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. All coauthors of the six studies included in this special issue are thanked for their contributions, as well as the peer reviewers of their articles and audience members at various presentations of the results of this project. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S8 EP S11 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00478.x PG 4 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400003 ER PT J AU Hsu, DD O'Donoughue, P Fthenakis, V Heath, GA Kim, HC Sawyer, P Choi, JK Turney, DE AF Hsu, David D. O'Donoughue, Patrick Fthenakis, Vasilis Heath, Garvin A. Kim, Hyung Chul Sawyer, Pamala Choi, Jun-Ki Turney, Damon E. TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Electricity Generation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE global warming; industrial ecology; renewable energy; life cycle assessment (LCA); meta-analysis; solar ID ENERGY PAYBACK; CO2 EMISSIONS; SYSTEMS; PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGIES; INVENTORY; COST; TIME AB Published scientific literature contains many studies estimating life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of residential and utility-scale solar photovoltaics (PVs). Despite the volume of published work, variability in results hinders generalized conclusions. Most variance between studies can be attributed to differences in methods and assumptions. To clarify the published results for use in decision making and other analyses, we conduct a meta-analysis of existing studies, harmonizing key performance characteristics to produce more comparable and consistently derived results. Screening 397 life cycle assessments (LCAs) relevant to PVs yielded 13 studies on crystalline silicon (c-Si) that met minimum standards of quality, transparency, and relevance. Prior to harmonization, the median of 42 estimates of life cycle GHG emissions from those 13 LCAs was 57 grams carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh), with an interquartile range (IQR) of 44 to 73. After harmonizing key performance characteristics (irradiation of 1,700 kilowatt-hours per square meter per year (kWh/m2/yr); system lifetime of 30 years; module efficiency of 13.2% or 14.0%, depending on module type; and a performance ratio of 0.75 or 0.80, depending on installation, the median estimate decreased to 45 and the IQR tightened to 39 to 49. The median estimate and variability were reduced compared to published estimates mainly because of higher average assumptions for irradiation and system lifetime. For the sample of studies evaluated, harmonization effectively reduced variability, providing a clearer synopsis of the life cycle GHG emissions from c-Si PVs. The literature used in this harmonization neither covers all possible c-Si installations nor represents the distribution of deployed or manufactured c-Si PVs. C1 [Hsu, David D.; O'Donoughue, Patrick; Heath, Garvin A.; Sawyer, Pamala] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis; Kim, Hyung Chul; Choi, Jun-Ki; Turney, Damon E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis; Kim, Hyung Chul] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Hsu, DD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Mail Stop RSF 300,1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM david.hsu@nrel.gov RI Choi, Jun-Ki/I-2576-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Many National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and U. S. DOE staff members helped guide this project: most importantly Margaret Mann (NREL), and also Austin Brown (formerly at U. S. DOE, now at NREL), Ookie Ma (DOE), and Gian Porro (NREL). Additional contributors to the umbrella LCA Harmonization Project include Stacey Dolan, John Burkhardt, Ethan Warner, and Elliot Cohen, all of NREL. We would like to thank Michael Woodhouse for technical assistance with this article and Mary Lukkonen for technical editing, both from NREL. NR 49 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S122 EP S135 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00439.x PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400012 ER PT J AU Kim, HC Fthenakis, V Choi, JK Turney, DE AF Kim, Hyung Chul Fthenakis, Vasilis Choi, Jun-Ki Turney, Damon E. TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Thin-film Photovoltaic Electricity Generation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE amorphous silicon; cadmium telluride; carbon footprint; copper indium gallium diselenide; industrial ecology; meta-model ID PAY-BACK TIME; ENERGY PAYBACK; CO2 EMISSIONS; PV MODULES; SYSTEMS; POWER; TECHNOLOGIES; PERFORMANCE; CDTE; SI AB We present the process and the results of harmonization of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the life cycle of commercial thin-film photovoltaics (PVs), that is, amorphous silicon (a-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS). We reviewed 109 studies and harmonized the estimates of GHG emissions by aligning the assumptions, parameters, and system boundaries. During the initial screening we eliminated abstracts, short conference papers, presentations without supporting documentation, and unrelated analyses; 91 studies passed this initial screening. In the primary screening we applied rigorous criteria for completeness of reporting, validity of analysis methods, and modern relevance of the PV system studied. Additionally, we examined whether the product is a commercial one, whether the production line still exists, and whether the study's core data are original or secondary. These screenings produced five studies as the best representations of the carbon footprint of modern thin-film PV technologies. These were harmonized through alignment of efficiency, irradiation, performance ratio, balance of system, and lifetime. The resulting estimates for carbon footprints are 20, 14, and 26 grams carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh), respectively, for a-Si, CdTe, and CIGS, for ground-mount application under southwestern United States (US-SW) irradiation of 2,400 kilowatt-hours per square meter per year (kWh/m2/yr), a performance ratio of 0.8, and a lifetime of 30 years. Harmonization for the rooftop PV systems with a performance ratio of 0.75 and the same irradiation resulted in carbon footprint estimates of 21, 14, and 27 g CO2-eq/kWh, respectively, for the three technologies. This screening and harmonization rectifies previous incomplete or outdated assessments and clarifies variations in carbon footprints across studies and amongst thin-film technologies. C1 [Kim, Hyung Chul; Fthenakis, Vasilis; Choi, Jun-Ki; Turney, Damon E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kim, Hyung Chul; Fthenakis, Vasilis] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Fthenakis, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 130, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM vmf@bnl.gov RI Choi, Jun-Ki/I-2576-2012; OI Kim, Hyung Chul/0000-0002-0992-4547 NR 36 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S110 EP S121 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00423.x PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400011 ER PT J AU Warner, ES Heath, GA AF Warner, Ethan S. Heath, Garvin A. TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Nuclear Electricity Generation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE environmental impact assessment; industrial ecology; life cycle assessment; light water reactor; meta-analysis; nuclear power ID POWER; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB A systematic review and harmonization of life cycle assessment (LCA) literature of nuclear electricity generation technologies was performed to determine causes of and, where possible, reduce variability in estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to clarify the state of knowledge and inform decision making. LCA literature indicates that life cycle GHG emissions from nuclear power are a fraction of traditional fossil sources, but the conditions and assumptions under which nuclear power are deployed can have a significant impact on the magnitude of life cycle GHG emissions relative to renewable technologies. Screening 274 references yielded 27 that reported 99 independent estimates of life cycle GHG emissions from light water reactors (LWRs). The published median, interquartile range (IQR), and range for the pool of LWR life cycle GHG emission estimates were 13, 23, and 220 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh), respectively. After harmonizing methods to use consistent gross system boundaries and values for several important system parameters, the same statistics were 12, 17, and 110 g CO2-eq/kWh, respectively. Harmonization (especially of performance characteristics) clarifies the estimation of central tendency and variability. To explain the remaining variability, several additional, highly influential consequential factors were examined using other methods. These factors included the primary source energy mix, uranium ore grade, and the selected LCA method. For example, a scenario analysis of future global nuclear development examined the effects of a decreasing global uranium market-average ore grade on life cycle GHG emissions. Depending on conditions, median life cycle GHG emissions could be 9 to 110 g CO2-eq/kWh by 2050. C1 [Warner, Ethan S.; Heath, Garvin A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Warner, ES (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ethan.warner@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Many National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and U.S. DOE staff members helped guide this project, most importantly Margaret Mann (NREL), and also Austin Brown (formerly at U. S. DOE, now at NREL), Ookie Ma (DOE), and Gian Porro (NREL). Additional contributors to the development and operationalization of the LCA Harmonization Project include John Burkhardt, Stacey Dolan, Pamala Sawyer, Patrick O'Donoughue, David Hsu (all of NREL) and Michael Whitaker (of Symbiotic Engineering) and Vasilis Fthenakis and Hyung-Chul Kim (of Brookhaven National Laboratory). NR 48 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 9 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S73 EP S92 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00472.x PG 20 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400009 ER PT J AU Whitaker, M Heath, GA O'Donoughue, P Vorum, M AF Whitaker, Michael Heath, Garvin A. O'Donoughue, Patrick Vorum, Martin TI Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Coal-Fired Electricity Generation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE combustion emission factor; industrial ecology; life cycle assessment; meta-analysis; subcritical; supercritical ID POWER-PLANTS; CARBON CAPTURE; ENERGY; FOSSIL; INVENTORY; STORAGE; CO2; TECHNOLOGIES; OPTIONS; BIOMASS AB This systematic review and harmonization of life cycle assessments (LCAs) of utility-scale coal-fired electricity generation systems focuses on reducing variability and clarifying central tendencies in estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Screening 270 references for quality LCA methods, transparency, and completeness yielded 53 that reported 164 estimates of life cycle GHG emissions. These estimates for subcritical pulverized, integrated gasification combined cycle, fluidized bed, and supercritical pulverized coal combustion technologies vary from 675 to 1,689 grams CO2-equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO2-eq/kWh) (interquartile range [IQR]= 8901,130 g CO2-eq/kWh; median = 1,001) leading to confusion over reasonable estimates of life cycle GHG emissions from coal-fired electricity generation. By adjusting published estimates to common gross system boundaries and consistent values for key operational input parameters (most importantly, combustion carbon dioxide emission factor [CEF]), the meta-analytical process called harmonization clarifies the existing literature in ways useful for decision makers and analysts by significantly reducing the variability of estimates (-53% in IQR magnitude) while maintaining a nearly constant central tendency (-2.2% in median). Life cycle GHG emissions of a specific power plant depend on many factors and can differ from the generic estimates generated by the harmonization approach, but the tightness of distribution of harmonized estimates across several key coal combustion technologies implies, for some purposes, first-order estimates of life cycle GHG emissions could be based on knowledge of the technology type, coal mine emissions, thermal efficiency, and CEF alone without requiring full LCAs. Areas where new research is necessary to ensure accuracy are also discussed. C1 [Whitaker, Michael; Heath, Garvin A.; O'Donoughue, Patrick; Vorum, Martin] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Whitaker, Michael] Symbiot Engn LLC, Boulder, CO USA. RP Heath, GA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM garvin.heath@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Many NREL and U.S. DOE staff members helped guide this project, most importantly Margaret Mann (NREL), and also Austin Brown (formerly at DOE, now at NREL), Ookie Ma (DOE), and Gian Porro (NREL). Additional contributors to this research include Stacey Dolan, Pamala Sawyer, John Burkhardt, Ethan Warner, and Elliot Cohen (all at NREL at the time of this research). NR 69 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 SI SI BP S53 EP S72 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00465.x PG 20 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 935CL UT WOS:000303496400008 ER PT J AU Newsome, SD Yeakel, JD Wheatley, PV Tinker, MT AF Newsome, Seth D. Yeakel, Justin D. Wheatley, Patrick V. Tinker, M. Tim TI Tools for quantifying isotopic niche space and dietary variation at the individual and population level SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE isotope mixing models; isotopic niches; sea otters; stable isotope analysis ID COMMUNITY-WIDE MEASURES; STABLE-ISOTOPES; MIXING MODELS; SEA OTTERS; MIGRATORY ANIMALS; TROPHIC STRUCTURE; FOOD LIMITATION; RATIOS PROVIDE; SPECIALIZATION; ECOLOGY AB Ecologists are increasingly using stable isotope analysis to inform questions about variation in resource and habitat use from the individual to community level. In this study we investigate data sets from 2 California sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) populations to illustrate the advantages and potential pitfalls of applying various statistical and quantitative approaches to isotopic data. We have subdivided these tools, or metrics, into 3 categories: IsoSpace metrics, stable isotope mixing models, and DietSpace metrics. IsoSpace metrics are used to quantify the spatial attributes of isotopic data that are typically presented in bivariate (e.g., delta C-13 versus delta N-15) 2-dimensional space. We review IsoSpace metrics currently in use and present a technique by which uncertainty can be included to calculate the convex hull area of consumers or prey, or both. We then apply a Bayesian-based mixing model to quantify the proportion of potential dietary sources to the diet of each sea otter population and compare this to observational foraging data. Finally, we assess individual dietary specialization by comparing a previously published technique, variance components analysis, to 2 novel DietSpace metrics that are based on mixing model output. As the use of stable isotope analysis in ecology continues to grow, the field will need a set of quantitative tools for assessing isotopic variance at the individual to community level. Along with recent advances in Bayesian-based mixing models, we hope that the IsoSpace and DietSpace metrics described here will provide another set of interpretive tools for ecologists. C1 [Newsome, Seth D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Dept 3166, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Yeakel, Justin D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Wheatley, Patrick V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tinker, M. Tim] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Newsome, SD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Dept 3166, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM snewsome@uwyo.edu RI Bosley, Sharron/E-4641-2012; Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011; OI Yeakel, Justin/0000-0002-6597-3511 FU Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Foundation; United States Marine Mammal Commission; National Science Foundation [ATM-0502491, DIOS-0848028]; Carnegie Institution of Washington; W. M. Keck Foundation [072000] FX Thanks to the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Foundation and the United States Marine Mammal Commission for funding the collection and processing of sea otter prey samples. We thank A. Green, M. Kenner, K. Miles, and J. Bodkin for assistance in prey collection and E. Snyder, C. Mancuso, W. Wurzel, E. Heil, and R. Harley for laboratory assistance. We thank A. C. Jakle, E. J. Ward, and L. Feliciti for constructive reviews. We thank A. Green for obtaining the necessary California Fish and Game permit for marine invertebrate collection and the United States Navy for permission to conduct research on San Nicolas Island. SDN was partially funded by the National Science Foundation (ATM-0502491, DIOS-0848028), Carnegie Institution of Washington, and the W. M. Keck Foundation (072000). S. D. Newsome and J. D. Yeakel contributed equally to this study. NR 58 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 9 U2 94 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD APR PY 2012 VL 93 IS 2 BP 329 EP 341 DI 10.1644/11-MAMM-S-187.1 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 937VI UT WOS:000303690700003 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, ED Gorelenkov, NN Belova, E Crocker, NA Kubota, S Kramer, GJ LeBlanc, B Bell, RE Podesta, M Yuh, H Levinton, F AF Fredrickson, E. D. Gorelenkov, N. N. Belova, E. Crocker, N. A. Kubota, S. Kramer, G. J. LeBlanc, B. Bell, R. E. Podesta, M. Yuh, H. Levinton, F. TI Observation of global Alfven eigenmode avalanche events on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-DRIVEN INSTABILITIES; ENERGETIC ALPHA-PARTICLES; ASPECT-RATIO PLASMAS; FAST-ION LOSS; DRIFT WAVES; CYCLOTRON INSTABILITY; TOKAMAK; FREQUENCY; NSTX; DESTABILIZATION AB Instabilities excited by the fast-ion population on NSTX (Ono et al 2000 Nucl. Fusion 40 557) extend from low-frequency energetic particle modes (EPMs) at tens of kHz through toroidal Alfven eigenmodes (TAEs) in the range 50-150 kHz to global and compressional Alfven eigenmodes (GAE and CAE) in the frequency range 0.3-2.5 MHz, or roughly 0.1 omega(ci) to 0.7 omega(ci). The GAE instabilities exhibit complex non-linear behaviour, including onset of strong growth above an amplitude threshold. This is conjectured to occur when resonance regions in phase space start to overlap, resulting in enhanced rapid growth and redistribution of energetic particles, a process referred to as an 'avalanche' (Berk et al 1995 Nucl. Fusion 35 1661). The GAE are suppressed following the avalanche, suggesting depletion of the fast-ion population resonantly driving the modes, and in some instances the GAE bursts appear to trigger lower frequency TAE avalanches or EPMs, suggesting some significant redistribution of fast ions in phase space has occurred. These are the first reported observations of avalanching behaviour for an instability driven through the Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance. This paper also provides internal measurements of GAE structure showing that the mode amplitude peaks towards the plasma core. C1 [Fredrickson, E. D.; Gorelenkov, N. N.; Belova, E.; Kramer, G. J.; LeBlanc, B.; Bell, R. E.; Podesta, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Crocker, N. A.; Kubota, S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Yuh, H.; Levinton, F.] Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Fredrickson, ED (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM efredrickson@pppl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG03-99ER54527] FX This manuscript has been authored by Princeton University under Contract Numbers DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-FG03-99ER54527 with the US Department of Energy. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 IS 4 AR 043001 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/4/043001 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 937PV UT WOS:000303671300006 ER PT J AU Glaser, A Goldston, RJ AF Glaser, A. Goldston, R. J. TI Proliferation risks of magnetic fusion energy: clandestine production, covert production and breakout SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article AB Nuclear proliferation risks from magnetic fusion energy associated with access to weapon-usable materials can be divided into three main categories: (1) clandestine production of weapon-usable material in an undeclared facility, (2) covert production of such material in a declared facility and (3) use of a declared facility in a breakout scenario, in which a state begins production of fissile material without concealing the effort. In this paper, we address each of these categories of risks from fusion. For each case, we find that the proliferation risk from fusion systems can be much lower than the equivalent risk from fission systems, if the fusion system is designed to accommodate appropriate safeguards. C1 [Glaser, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Glaser, A.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Goldston, R. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Goldston, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Glaser, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM aglaser@princeton.edu FU DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX The authors thank Mahmoud Youssef for details of his blanket design, Brad Merrill for discussions of Pb-Li handling, Yucan Wu and K M Feng for discussions of Chinese fission-fusion hybrid research. They thank Leonard Leibowitz and Mark Williamson of Argonne National Laboratory for discussions of dissolution and reprocessing and David Campbell of the ITER International Organization for discussions of startup, and Neil Morley of UCLA for discussions of blanket technology. They thank George Perkovich of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace for discussions of breakout scenarios and Olli Heinonen of the Harvard Kennedy School for feedback on safeguards issues. They thank Robert Fagerholm, Tom Killeen, Bruce Moran, Malcolm Nicholas, Tariq Rauf and Manfred Zendel of the IAEA for discussions of safeguards. This work was supported in part by DOE Contract # DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 IS 4 AR 043004 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/4/043004 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 937PV UT WOS:000303671300009 ER PT J AU Schmitz, O Evans, TE Fenstermacher, ME Lehnen, M Stoschus, H Unterberg, EA Coenen, JW Frerichs, H Jakubowski, MW Laengner, R Lasnier, CL Mordijck, S Moyer, RA Osborne, TH Reimerdes, H Reiter, D Samm, U Unterberg, B AF Schmitz, O. Evans, T. E. Fenstermacher, M. E. Lehnen, M. Stoschus, H. Unterberg, E. A. Coenen, J. W. Frerichs, H. Jakubowski, M. W. Laengner, R. Lasnier, C. L. Mordijck, S. Moyer, R. A. Osborne, T. H. Reimerdes, H. Reiter, D. Samm, U. Unterberg, B. CA DIII-D Team TEXTOR Team TI Resonant features of energy and particle transport during application of resonant magnetic perturbation fields at TEXTOR and DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC ERGODIC DIVERTOR; MODE PEDESTAL; TOKAMAK; EDGE; STABILITY; LAYER AB In this paper, results of a direct comparison of TEXTOR and DIII-D experiments with resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) fields are presented. This comparison of resistive L-mode plasmas at TEXTOR with highly conductive H-mode plasmas at DIII-D is useful to identify generic physics mechanisms during application of RMP fields with a strong field line pitch angle alignment in the plasma edge. A reduction in the pedestal electron pressure p(e) with increasing extension of the vacuum modelled stochastic layer and p(e) recovery with decreasing layer width is found caused by a q(95) resonant reduction in the edge (0.8 < Psi(N) < 0.95) electron temperature T-e(q(95)) on both devices. For RMP edge-localized mode (ELM) suppressed H-mode plasmas at DIII-D, the gradients del T-e and nominal values of T-e are reduced in this edge region while increasing in the pedestal (0.95 < Psi(N) < 1.0) with RMP field applied and both are highly dependent on q(95). In contrast, an increase in the central ion temperature with strong steepening of the ion temperature profile at mid-radius is found-again being highly dependent on q(95). However, these resonant thermal transport effects are only seen in high triangularity plasmas revealing a strong shape dependence of the thermal transport. In contrast to the highly q(95) dependent thermal transport features, the reduction of n(e)-known as density pump out-shows a much weaker dependence on q(95). We show the potential to reduce the RMP induced particle pump out by fine tuning of the RMP spectral properties. At low resonant field amplitudes enhanced particle confinement is seen in high-field side limited L-mode discharges on both devices while higher resonant field amplitudes yield particle pumps out. C1 [Schmitz, O.; Lehnen, M.; Stoschus, H.; Coenen, J. W.; Frerichs, H.; Laengner, R.; Reiter, D.; Samm, U.; Unterberg, B.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Evans, T. E.; Osborne, T. H.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Fenstermacher, M. E.; Lasnier, C. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Unterberg, E. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Jakubowski, M. W.] Assoc IPP EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. [Mordijck, S.; Moyer, R. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Reimerdes, H.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Schmitz, O (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM o.schmitz@fz-juelich.de RI Coenen, Jan/C-5626-2008; Coenen, Jan Willem/K-7802-2013; Unterberg, Ezekial/F-5240-2016; OI Coenen, Jan/0000-0002-8579-908X; Coenen, Jan Willem/0000-0002-8579-908X; Unterberg, Ezekial/0000-0003-1353-8865; Unterberg, Bernhard/0000-0003-0866-957X FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG03-97ER54415, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FC02-04ER57698, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC05-DOOR22725, DE-FG02-89ER53297] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under DE-FG03-97ER54415, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FC02-04ER57698, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC05-DOOR22725 and DE-FG02-89ER53297. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 16 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 IS 4 AR 043005 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/4/043005 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 937PV UT WOS:000303671300010 ER PT J AU Kurz, DJ Straley, KM DeGregorio, BA AF Kurz, David J. Straley, Katherine M. DeGregorio, Brett A. TI Out-foxing the red fox: how best to protect the nests of the Endangered loggerhead marine turtle Caretta caretta from mammalian predation? SO ORYX LA English DT Article DE Artificial nests; Bald Head Island; Caretta caretta; loggerhead; marine turtle; nest protection; predation; Vulpes vulpes ID SEA-TURTLES; SOUTH-CAROLINA; CONSERVATION; ORIENTATION; USA AB Recovery plans for the Endangered loggerhead marine turtle Caretta caretta cite mammalian predation as a major threat, and recommend nest protection efforts, already present at many rookery beaches, to protect eggs and hatchlings. Nest protection techniques vary but wire box cages and plastic mesh screens are two common tools used to deter predation by a host of beach-foraging, opportunistic mammalian predators. We empirically tested the efficacy of wire cages and plastic mesh screens in preventing red fox Vulpes vulpes predation on artificial nests. Both techniques averted fox predation (0%), whereas unprotected control nests suffered 33% predation under conditions of normal predator motivation, or a level of motivation stimulated by loggerhead turtle egg scent. However, in side-by-side comparisons under conditions of presumed high predator motivation, 25% of mesh screens were breached whereas no cage-protected nests were successfully predated. In addition to effectiveness at preventing predation, factors such as cost, ease of use, deployment time, and magnetic disturbance were evaluated. Our study suggests that the efficacy of plastic screens and the potential disadvantages associated with galvanized wire should influence selection of mechanical barriers on beaches where fox predation threatens loggerhead nests. C1 [Kurz, David J.] Princeton Univ, Frist Campus Ctr, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Straley, Katherine M.] Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [DeGregorio, Brett A.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Kurz, DJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Frist Campus Ctr, Box 1219, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM dave.kurz@gmail.com FU Bald Head Island Conservancy FX We thank the Bald Head Island Conservancy and its staff for providing materials and support, and Turtle Central and the community of Bald Head Island for encouragement and generous donations. Mr and Mrs Roth in particular were kind donors. We also appreciate the donation of project materials from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., and the Maritime Market. Matthew Godfrey, Tom Hancock, Amanda Southwood, Nathan Gregory, Peter and Corriene Kurz, Chris Kelly, and an anonymous reviewer provided valuable advice and guidance. Thanks to William Cochran, Mark Accomando Jr, Lauren Adams and Lauren Marks for help in the field. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 42 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0030-6053 EI 1365-3008 J9 ORYX JI Oryx PD APR PY 2012 VL 46 IS 2 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1017/S0030605311000147 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 939TG UT WOS:000303837100016 ER PT J AU Hu, B Musculus, MPB Oefelein, JC AF Hu, Bing Musculus, Mark P. B. Oefelein, Joseph C. TI The influence of large-scale structures on entrainment in a decelerating transient turbulent jet revealed by large eddy simulation SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE compressible flow; convection; flow simulation; jets; stratified flow; turbulence; vortices ID MODEL; COMBUSTION; FLOWS; TRANSPORT; CLOSURE; FLAMES AB To provide a better understanding of the fluid mechanical mechanisms governing entrainment in decelerating jets, we performed a large eddy simulation (LES) of a transient air jet. The ensemble-averaged LES calculations agree well with the available measurements of centerline velocity, and they reveal a region of increased entrainment that grows as it propagates downstream during deceleration. Within the temporal and spatial domains of the simulation, entrainment during deceleration temporarily increases by roughly a factor of two over that of the quasi-steady jet, and thereafter decays to a level lower than the quasi-steady jet. The LES results also provide large-structure flow details that lend insight into the effects of deceleration on entrainment. The simulations show greater growth and separation of large vortical structures during deceleration. Ambient fluid is engulfed into the gaps between the large-scale structures, causing large-scale indentations in the scalar jet boundary. The changes in the growth and separation of large structures during deceleration are attributed to changes in the production and convection of vorticity. Both the absolute and normalized scalar dissipation rates decrease during deceleration, implying that changes in small-scalemixing during deceleration do not play an important role in the increased entrainment. Hence, the simulations predict that entrainment in combustion devices may be controlled by manipulating the fuel-jet boundary conditions, which affect structures at large scales much more than at small scales. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702901] C1 [Hu, Bing; Musculus, Mark P. B.; Oefelein, Joseph C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hu, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, 7011 East Ave,Mail Stop 9051, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC04-94AL85000]; DOE's Office of Vehicle Technologies FX This work was performed at the Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, CA. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration, under contract DEAC04-94AL85000. Financial support for this work was provided by the DOE's Office of Vehicle Technologies program. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 AR 045106 DI 10.1063/1.3702901 PG 17 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 934BR UT WOS:000303415700029 ER PT J AU Wells, SM Merkulov, IA Kravchenko, II Lavrik, NV Sepaniak, MJ AF Wells, Sabrina M. Merkulov, Igor A. Kravchenko, Ivan I. Lavrik, Nickolay V. Sepaniak, Michael J. TI Silicon Nanopillars for Field-Enhanced Surface Spectroscopy SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE silicon nanopillars; axial illumination; fundamental HE11 mode; large local field enhancement; FDTD analysis; SERS; SEF ID SOLAR-CELLS; RAMAN-SPECTROMETRY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FLUORESCENCE; NANOWIRES; ARRAYS; SILVER; LASER; PHOTODETECTORS; ABSORPTION AB Silicon nanowire and nanopillar structures have drawn increased attention in recent years due in part to their unique optical properties. Herein, electron beam lithography combined with reactive-ion etching Is used to reproducibly create individual silicon nanopillars of various sizes, shapes, and heights. Finite difference time domain analysis predicts local field intensity enhancements in the vicinity of appropriately sized and coaxially illuminated silicon nanopillars of approximately 2 orders of magnitude. While this level of enhancement is modest when compared to plasmonic systems, the unique advantage of the silicon nanopillar resonators is that they enhance optical fields in substantially larger volumes. By analyzing experimentally measured strength of the silicon Raman phonon line (500 cm(-1)), it was determined that nanopillars produced local field enhancements that are consistent with these predictions. Additionally, we demonstrate that a thin layer of Zn phthalocyanine on the nanopiliar surface with a total amount of <30 attomoles produced prominent Raman spectra, yielding enhancement factors (EFs) better than 2 orders of magnitude. Finally, silicon nanopillars of cylindrical and elliptical shapes were labeled with different fluorophors and evaluated for their surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF) capability. The EFs derived from analysis of the acquired fluorescence microscopy images indicate that silicon nanopillar structures can provide enhancements comparable or even stronger than those typically achieved using plasmonic SEF structures without the limitations of the metal-based substrates, such as fluorescence quenching and an insufficiently large probe volume. It is anticipated that dense arrays of silicon nanopillars will enable SEF assays with extremely high sensitivity, while a broader impact of the reported phenomena is anticipated in photovoltaics, subwavelength light focusing, and fundamental nanophotonics. C1 [Merkulov, Igor A.; Kravchenko, Ivan I.; Lavrik, Nickolay V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wells, Sabrina M.; Sepaniak, Michael J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Lavrik, NV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lavriknv@ornl.gov; msepanlak@utk.edu RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011; Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634; Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR; U.S. Department of Energy, National Transportation Research Center FX A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. N.V.L, I.I.K, and I.A.M. would like to acknowledge support from Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. M.J.S. would like to acknowledge contributing grants to the University of Tennessee from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR program and the U.S. Department of Energy, National Transportation Research Center. NR 55 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 5 U2 140 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 2948 EP 2959 DI 10.1021/nn204110z PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 929XP UT WOS:000303099300011 PM 22385359 ER PT J AU Gao, JB Johnson, JC AF Gao, Jianbo Johnson, Justin C. TI Charge Trapping in Bright and Dark States of Coupled PbS Quantum Dot Films SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE nanocrystal; photoluminescence; transport; exciton; band tail; temperature ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; NANOCRYSTAL FILMS; SI-H; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SOLIDS; LUMINESCENCE AB Analysis of photoluminescence (PL) from chemically treated lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dot (QD) films versus temperature reveals the effects of QD size and ligand binding on the motion of carriers between bright and dark trap states. For strongly coupled QDs, the PL exhibits temperature-dependent quenching and shifting consistent with charges residing in a shallow exponential tail of quasi-localized states below the band gap. The depth of the tail varies from 15 to 40 meV, similar to or smaller than exponential band tail widths measured for polycrystalline Si. The trap state distribution can be manipulated with QD size and surface treatment, and its characterization should provide a clearer picture of charge separation and percolation in disordered QD films than what currently exists. C1 [Gao, Jianbo; Johnson, Justin C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Johnson, JC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM justin.johnson@nrel.gov RI GAO, JIANBO/A-3923-2011; GAO, JIANBO/A-1633-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX We thank Arthur Nozik and Matt Law for insightful comments. This work was performed in the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. DOE funding was provided to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) through contract DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 52 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 3292 EP 3303 DI 10.1021/nn300707d PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 929XP UT WOS:000303099300051 PM 22462777 ER PT J AU Xiao, XY Beechem, TE Brumbach, MT Lambert, TN Davis, DJ Michael, JR Washburn, CM Wang, J Brozik, SM Wheeler, DR Burckel, DB Polsky, R AF Xiao, Xiaoyin Beechem, Thomas E. Brumbach, Michael T. Lambert, Timothy N. Davis, Danae J. Michael, Joseph R. Washburn, Cody M. Wang, Joseph Brozik, Susan M. Wheeler, David R. Burckel, D. Bruce Polsky, Ronen TI Lithographically Defined Three-Dimensional Graphene Structures SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE graphene; lithography; three-dimensional; electrochemistry ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; POROUS CARBON ELECTRODES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; BILAYER GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE; SCATTERING; NETWORKS; DISORDER; KINETICS; GROWTH AB A simple and facile method to fabricate 3D graphene architectures Is presented. Pyrolyzed photoresist films (PPF) can easily be patterned into a variety of 2D and 3D structures. We demonstrate how prestructured PPF can be chemically converted into hollow, interconnected 3D multilayered graphene structures having pore sizes around 500 nm. Electrodes formed from these structures exhibit excellent electrochemical properties including high surface area and steady-state mass transport profiles due to a unique combination of 3D pore structure and the intrinsic advantages of electron transport in graphene, which makes this material a promising candidate for microbattery and sensing applications. C1 [Xiao, Xiaoyin; Beechem, Thomas E.; Brumbach, Michael T.; Lambert, Timothy N.; Davis, Danae J.; Michael, Joseph R.; Washburn, Cody M.; Brozik, Susan M.; Wheeler, David R.; Burckel, D. Bruce; Polsky, Ronen] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wang, Joseph] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Burckel, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbburck@sandia.gov; rpolsky@sandia.gov RI Wang, Joseph/C-6175-2011 FU United Stated Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We would like to acknowledge Christopher Brigman for graphics construction. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United Stated Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors acknowledge the Sandia National Laboratories Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD). NR 38 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 6 U2 170 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 3573 EP 3579 DI 10.1021/nn300655c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 929XP UT WOS:000303099300083 PM 22404283 ER PT J AU Parent, LR Robinson, DB Woehl, TJ Ristenpart, WD Evans, JE Browning, ND Arslan, I AF Parent, Lucas R. Robinson, David B. Woehl, Taylor J. Ristenpart, William D. Evans, James E. Browning, Nigel D. Arslan, Ilke TI Direct in Situ Observation of Nanoparticle Synthesis in a Liquid Crystal Surfactant Template SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE energy/hydrogen storage; mesoporous nanoparticles; surfactant template; porous palladium; in situ microscopy; lyotropic liquid crystal ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GROWTH; RADIOLYSIS; WATER; ELECTRODEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; INTERFACE; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; COPPER AB Controlled and reproducible synthesis of tailored materials is essential in many fields of nanoscience. In order to control synthesis, there must be a fundamental understanding of nanostructure evolution on the length scale of its features. Growth mechanisms are usually inferred from methods such as (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM), where nanostructures are characterized after growth is complete. Such post mortem analysis techniques cannot provide the information essential to optimize the synthesis process, because they cannot measure nanostructure development as it proceeds in real time. This is especially true in the complex rheological fluids used in preparation of nanoporous materials.,. Here we show direct in situ observations of synthesis in a highly viscous lyotropic liquid crystal template on the nanoscale using a fluid stage in the STEM. The nanoparticles nucleate and grow to similar to 5 nm particles, at which point growth continues through the formation of connections with other nanoparticles around the micelles to form clusters. Upon reaching a critical size (>10-15 nm), the dusters become highly mobile in the template, displacing and trapping micelles within the growing structure to form spherical, porous nanoparticles. The final products match those synthesized in the lab ex situ. This ability to directly observe synthesis on the nanoscale in rheological fluids, such as concentrated aqueous surfactants, provides an unprecedented understanding of the fundamental steps of nanomaterial synthesis. This in turn allows for the synthesis of next-generation materials that can strongly impact important technologies such as organic photovoltaics, energy storage devices, catalysis, and biomedical devices. C1 [Parent, Lucas R.; Woehl, Taylor J.; Ristenpart, William D.; Browning, Nigel D.; Arslan, Ilke] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Robinson, David B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ristenpart, William D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.; Arslan, Ilke] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Parent, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM lrparent@ucdavis.edu OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for I.A.; NIH [5RC1GM091755]; UC Academic Senate; UC Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was funded in part by the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for I.A., the NIH through grant number 5RC1GM091755, the UC Academic Senate and UC Laboratory fee research grant, and the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 35 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 16 U2 147 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 3589 EP 3596 DI 10.1021/nn300671g PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 929XP UT WOS:000303099300085 PM 22439964 ER PT J AU Beuermann, K Breitenstein, P Debski, B Diese, J Dubovsky, PA Dreizler, S Hessman, FV Hornoch, K Husser, TO Pojmanski, G Wolf, M Wozniak, PR Zasche, P Denk, B Langer, M Wagner, C Wahrenberg, D Bollmann, T Habermann, FN Haustovich, N Lauser, M Liebing, F Niederstadt, F AF Beuermann, K. Breitenstein, P. Debski, B. Diese, J. Dubovsky, P. A. Dreizler, S. Hessman, F. V. Hornoch, K. Husser, T. -O. Pojmanski, G. Wolf, M. Wozniak, P. R. Zasche, P. Denk, B. Langer, M. Wagner, C. Wahrenberg, D. Bollmann, T. Habermann, F. N. Haustovich, N. Lauser, M. Liebing, F. Niederstadt, F. TI The quest for companions to post-common envelope binaries II. NSVS14256825 and HS0705+6700 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; binaries: eclipsing; subdwarfs; stars: individual: NSVS14256825; stars: individual: HS0705+6700; planets and satellites: detection ID UX-URSAE-MAJORIS; ORBITAL PERIOD VARIATIONS; NN SERPENTIS; SYSTEM; PLANETS AB We report new mid-eclipse times of the two close binaries NSVS14256825 and HS0705+6700, harboring an sdB primary and a low-mass main-sequence secondary. Both objects display clear variations in their measured orbital period, which can be explained by the action of a third object orbiting the binary. If this interpretation is correct, the third object in NSVS14256825 is a giant planet with a mass of roughly 12 M-Jup. For HS0705+6700, we provide evidence that strengthens the case for the suggested periodic nature of the eclipse time variation and reduces the uncertainties in the parameters of the brown dwarf implied by that model. The derived period is 8.4 yr and the mass is 31 M-Jup, if the orbit is coplanar with the binary. This research is part of the PlanetFinders project, an ongoing collaboration between professional astronomers and student groups at high schools. C1 [Beuermann, K.; Dreizler, S.; Hessman, F. V.; Husser, T. -O.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Breitenstein, P.; Denk, B.; Langer, M.; Wagner, C.; Wahrenberg, D.] Westfalen Kolleg, D-44137 Dortmund, Germany. [Debski, B.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Diese, J.; Bollmann, T.; Habermann, F. N.; Haustovich, N.; Lauser, M.; Liebing, F.; Niederstadt, F.] Max Planck Gymnasium, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Dubovsky, P. A.] Vihorlat Observ, Humenne, Slovakia. [Hornoch, K.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ondrejov 25165, Czech Republic. [Pojmanski, G.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Wolf, M.; Zasche, P.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Astron Inst, CR-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Wozniak, P. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beuermann, K (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM beuermann@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de OI Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310 FU Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation; Essen; Robert Bosch Foundation; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [MSM0021620860] FX This work is based in part on data obtained with the MOnitoring NEtwork of Telescopes (MONET), funded by the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation, Essen, and operated by the Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, the McDonald Observatory of the University of Texas at Austin, and the South African Astronomical Observatory. The "Astronomie & Internet" program of the Foundation and the MONET consortium provides a major fraction of the observation time to astronomical projects in high schools worldwide. The work of J.D. and his students at the Max-Planck-Gymnasium was supported by the Robert Bosch Foundation. The research of M. W. and P.Z. was supported by the Research Program MSM0021620860 of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 540 AR A8 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201118105 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 932UG UT WOS:000303315400022 ER PT J AU Esserman, LJ Berry, DA Cheang, MCU Yau, C Perou, CM Carey, L DeMichele, A Gray, JW Conway-Dorsey, K Lenburg, ME Buxton, MB Davis, SE van't Veer, LJ Hudis, C Chin, K Wolf, D Krontiras, H Montgomery, L Tripathy, D Lehman, C Liu, MC Olopade, OI Rugo, HS Carpenter, JT Livasy, C Dressler, L Chhieng, D Singh, B Mies, C Rabban, J Chen, YY Giri, D Au, A Hylton, N AF Esserman, Laura J. Berry, Donald A. Cheang, Maggie C. U. Yau, Christina Perou, Charles M. Carey, Lisa DeMichele, Angela Gray, Joe W. Conway-Dorsey, Kathleen Lenburg, Marc E. Buxton, Meredith B. Davis, Sarah E. van't Veer, Laura J. Hudis, Clifford Chin, Koei Wolf, Denise Krontiras, Helen Montgomery, Leslie Tripathy, Debu Lehman, Constance Liu, Minetta C. Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. Rugo, Hope S. Carpenter, John T. Livasy, Chad Dressler, Lynn Chhieng, David Singh, Baljit Mies, Carolyn Rabban, Joseph Chen, Yunni-Yi Giri, Dilip Au, Alfred Hylton, Nola CA I-SPY 1 TRIAL Investigators TI Chemotherapy response and recurrence-free survival in neoadjuvant breast cancer depends on biomarker profiles: results from the I-SPY 1 TRIAL (CALGB 150007/150012; ACRIN 6657) SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy; Molecular biomarkers; Pathologic complete response ID GENE-EXPRESSION SIGNATURE; SURGICAL ADJUVANT BREAST; PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY; CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS; PRIMARY TUMOR; END-POINTS; SUBTYPES; WOMEN; MACROPHAGES; PREDICTOR AB Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer allows individual tumor response to be assessed depending on molecular subtype, and to judge the impact of response to therapy on recurrence-free survival (RFS). The multicenter I-SPY 1 TRIAL evaluated patients with a parts per thousand yen3 cm tumors by using early imaging and molecular signatures, with outcomes of pathologic complete response (pCR) and RFS. The current analysis was performed using data from patients who had molecular profiles and did not receive trastuzumab. The various molecular classifiers tested were highly correlated. Categorization of breast cancer by molecular signatures enhanced the ability of pCR to predict improvement in RFS compared to the population as a whole. In multivariate analysis, the molecular signatures that added to the ability of HR and HER2 receptors, clinical stage, and pCR in predicting RFS included 70-gene signature, wound healing signature, p53 mutation signature, and PAM50 risk of recurrence. The low risk signatures were associated with significantly better prognosis, and also identified additional patients with a good prognosis within the no pCR group, primarily in the hormone receptor positive, HER-2 negative subgroup. The I-SPY 1 population is enriched for tumors with a poor prognosis but is still heterogeneous in terms of rates of pCR and RFS. The ability of pCR to predict RFS is better by subset than it is for the whole group. Molecular markers improve prediction of RFS by identifying additional patients with excellent prognosis within the no pCR group. C1 [Esserman, Laura J.; Yau, Christina; Buxton, Meredith B.; Davis, Sarah E.; van't Veer, Laura J.; Chin, Koei; Wolf, Denise; Rugo, Hope S.; Rabban, Joseph; Chen, Yunni-Yi; Au, Alfred; Hylton, Nola] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Berry, Donald A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cheang, Maggie C. U.; Perou, Charles M.; Carey, Lisa; Conway-Dorsey, Kathleen; Livasy, Chad; Dressler, Lynn] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [DeMichele, Angela; Mies, Carolyn] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gray, Joe W.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gray, Joe W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lenburg, Marc E.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hudis, Clifford; Giri, Dilip] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Krontiras, Helen; Carpenter, John T.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Montgomery, Leslie] Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY USA. [Tripathy, Debu] Univ So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Lehman, Constance] Univ Washington, Washington, DC USA. [Liu, Minetta C.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chhieng, David] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Singh, Baljit; I-SPY 1 TRIAL Investigators] NYU, New York, NY USA. RP Esserman, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St,Box 1710, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. EM Laura.esserman@ucsfmedctr.org RI Lenburg, Marc/B-8027-2008; OI Lenburg, Marc/0000-0002-5760-4708; Perou, Charles/0000-0001-9827-2247 FU National Cancer Institute [CA58207]; American College of Radiology Imaging Network [CA079778, CA080098]; Cancer and Leukemia Group B [CA31964, CA33601]; National Cancer Institute Center for Bioinformatics; Breast Cancer Research Foundation; Bruce and Martha Atwater; Terry Fox Foundation; Give Breast Cancer the Boot FX National Cancer Institute Specialized Program of Research Excellence in Breast Cancer (CA58207), American College of Radiology Imaging Network (CA079778 & CA080098), Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CA31964 & CA33601), National Cancer Institute Center for Bioinformatics, The Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Bruce and Martha Atwater, The Terry Fox Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, and "Give Breast Cancer the Boot." NR 45 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 EI 1573-7217 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD APR PY 2012 VL 132 IS 3 SI SI BP 1049 EP 1062 DI 10.1007/s10549-011-1895-2 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 933RL UT WOS:000303379800027 PM 22198468 ER PT J AU Gissinger, C AF Gissinger, C. TI A new deterministic model for chaotic reversals SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; DYNAMO; MANTLE; CRISIS AB We present a new chaotic system of three coupled ordinary differential equations, limited to quadratic nonlinear terms. A wide variety of dynamical regimes are reported. For some parameters, chaotic reversals of the amplitudes are produced by crisis-induced intermittency, following a mechanism different from what is generally observed in similar deterministic models. Despite its simplicity, this system therefore generates a rich dynamics, able to model more complex physical systems. In particular, a comparison with reversals of the magnetic field of the Earth shows a surprisingly good agreement, and highlights the relevance of deterministic chaos to describe geomagnetic field dynamics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Gissinger, C (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, 5 Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM cgissing@princeton.edu FU NSF [AST-0607472]; NSF Center for Magnetic Self-Organization [PHY-0821899] FX The author would like to sincerely thank Stephan Fauve, Francois Petrelis and Emmanuel Dormy for their very inspiring discussion and constructive comments. This work was supported by the NSF under grant AST-0607472 and by the NSF Center for Magnetic Self-Organization under Grant PHY-0821899. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD APR PY 2012 VL 85 IS 4 AR 137 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2012-20799-5 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 935UA UT WOS:000303545400006 ER PT J AU Mathew, K Mason, P Voeks, A Narayanan, U AF Mathew, K. Mason, P. Voeks, A. Narayanan, U. TI Uranium isotope abundance ratios in natural uranium metal certified reference material 112-A SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE Natural uranium; Certified reference material; Mass spectrometry; Isotopic abundance ratio AB Certified reference material (CRM) 112-A, uranium metal assay standard, with "natural" U isotopic composition and CRM 145, uranium assay standard solution made by dissolving CRM 112-A metal were analyzed using TRITON Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer (TIMS) to characterize the uranium isotopic abundances. The certified U-235/U-238 "major" ratio of 0.0072543 (40) in CRM C1 12-A and CRM 145 is determined using the total evaporation (TE) and modified total evaporation (MTE) methods. In the MTE method, the total evaporation process is interrupted on a regular basis to allow correction of background from peak tailing, internal calibration of the secondary electron multiplier (SEM) detector versus the Faraday cups, peak-centering, and ion source re-focusing. For the "minor" U-234/U-238 and U-236/U-238 ratio measurements using MTE, better precision and accuracy are achieved compared to the TE analyses. The certified U-234/U-238 ratio of 0.000052841 (82) in CRM C112-A and CRM 145 is determined using a conventional analysis technique that incorporates an internal mass bias correction utilizing the measured U-235/U-238 ratio and correction for peak tailing from U-235 and U-238. The U-236/U-238 isotope abundance ratio in CRM C112-A and CRM 145 is estimated to be <5 x 10(-9). The CRM 112-A and CRM 145 materials show no evidence for any statistically significant unit-to-unit variations in uranium isotope abundance ratios. The homogeneity of both CRMs is established. The measurements leading to the certification of uranium isotopic abundances are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mathew, K.; Mason, P.; Voeks, A.; Narayanan, U.] US DOE, New Brunswick Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mathew, K (reprint author), US DOE, New Brunswick Lab, 9800 S Cass Ave,Bldg 350, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kattathu.mathew@ch.doe.gov NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 315 BP 8 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2012.02.005 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 934GH UT WOS:000303431300002 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, EA Barth, HD Ritchie, RO AF Zimmermann, E. A. Barth, H. D. Ritchie, R. O. TI The Multiscale Origins of Fracture Resistance in Human Bone and Its Biological Degradation SO JOM LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CORTICAL BONE; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; MINERALIZED COLLAGEN FIBRILS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CROSS-LINKS; CANCELLOUS BONE; TOUGHNESS; NANOSCALE; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION AB Akin to other mineralized tissues, human cortical bone can resist deformation and fracture due to the nature of its hierarchical structure, which spans the molecular to macroscopic length scales. Deformation at the smallest scales, mainly through the composite action of the mineral and collagen, contributes to bone's strength or intrinsic fracture resistance, while crack-tip shielding mechanisms active on the microstructural scale contribute to the extrinsic fracture resistance once cracking begins. The efficiency with which these structural features can resist fracture at both small and large length scales becomes severely degraded with such factors as aging, irradiation, and disease. Indeed, aging and irradiation can cause changes to the cross-link profile at fibrillar length scales as well as changes at the three orders of magnitude larger scale of the osteonal structures, both of which combine to inhibit the bone's overall resistance to initiation and growth of cracks. C1 [Zimmermann, E. A.; Barth, H. D.; Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barth, H. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Expt Syst Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ritchie, R. O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zimmermann, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM roritchie@lbl.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; Zimmermann, Elizabeth/A-4010-2015 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; FU National Institute of Health (NIH/NIDCR) [5R01 DE015633]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (NIH/NIDCR) under Grant No. 5R01 DE015633. We acknowledge the use of the two x-ray synchrotron beamlines 7.3.3 (SAXS/WAXD) and 8.3.2 (micro-tomography) at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors wish to thank Dr. Tony Tomsia for his support, Drs. Maximilien Launey, Joel Ager, Hrishikesh Bale, Eric Schaible, and Alastair MacDowell at LBNL for their considerable experimental contributions, Prof. Tamara Alliston and Simon Tang at UCSF for performing the AGEs cross-link measurements, and Prof. Tony Keaveny and Mike Jekir at UC Berkeley for allowing us to use their facilities to machine bone samples. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 486 EP 493 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0298-0 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 934XF UT WOS:000303479400006 ER PT J AU Palkowski, H Stanic, V Carrado, A AF Palkowski, Heinz Stanic, Vesna Carrado, Adele TI Multilayer Roll-Bonded Sandwich: Processing, Mechanical Performance, and Bioactive Behavior SO JOM LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; POLYPROPYLENE; ORIENTATION; ADHESION; POLYMERS; SURFACES; SYSTEMS; APATITE; METALS; TALC AB Multifunctionality and improving the properties of materials make it necessary to use hybrid systems such as combinations of metals with polymers. Their applications can be found in all areas where light weight and improved and adapted mechanical properties as well as high functionality are needed. Moreover, tailored types of hybrids can be interesting for biomedical applications, as under specific conditions they show, e.g., good strength combined with high elasticity. Herein, we present preliminary tests on the biomimetic behavior of AISI SS316L/polypropylene copolymer/AISI SS316L sandwich. Biomimetic coatings were produced by inducing a calcium phosphate layer in a way similar to the process of natural bone formation. Knowledge of the formability of three-layered sandwich sheets and their biomimetic behavior is presented. C1 [Palkowski, Heinz] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Met, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany. [Stanic, Vesna] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Carrado, Adele] UMR 7504 UDS CNRS, Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, F-67034 Strasbourg 2, France. RP Palkowski, H (reprint author), Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Met, Robert Koch Str 42, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany. EM carrado@unistra.fr RI Carrado, Adele/B-6542-2014; stanic, vesna/J-9013-2012 OI Carrado, Adele/0000-0003-1094-4075; stanic, vesna/0000-0003-0318-9454 FU German Research Foundation DFG, DAAD [D/0707603]; EGIDE (PHC PROCOPE) [17895XK]; APIC-DEU-PICS [5245]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors are grateful for the support of the German Research Foundation DFG, DAAD (D/0707603), EGIDE (PHC PROCOPE No. 17895XK), and APIC-DEU-PICS (No. 5245) for funding this project. Moreover, we thank ThyssenKruppNirosta for supporting us with the steel material. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 514 EP 519 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0294-4 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 934XF UT WOS:000303479400010 ER PT J AU Skoog, SA Sumant, AV Monteiro-Riviere, NA Narayan, RJ AF Skoog, Shelby A. Sumant, Anirudha V. Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A. Narayan, Roger J. TI Ultrananocrystalline Diamond-Coated Microporous Silicon Nitride Membranes for Medical Implant Applications SO JOM LA English DT Article ID CARBON PERCUTANEOUS IMPLANT; IN-VITRO; HUMAN SKIN; FILMS; INTERFACE; DEVICES; KERATINOCYTES; PROSTHESES; FAILURE; MODEL AB Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) exhibits excellent biological and mechanical properties, which make it an appropriate choice for promoting epidermal cell migration on the surfaces of percutaneous implants. We deposited a similar to 150 nm thick UNCD film on a microporous silicon nitride membrane using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to examine the pore structure and chemical bonding of this material, respectively. Growth of human epidermal keratinocytes on UNCD-coated microporous silicon nitride membranes and uncoated microporous silicon nitride membranes was compared using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results show that the UNCD coating did not significantly alter the viability of human epidermal keratinocytes, indicating potential use of this material for improving skin sealing around percutaneous implants. C1 [Skoog, Shelby A.; Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A.; Narayan, Roger J.] Univ N Carolina & N Carolina State Univ, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sumant, Anirudha V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ctr Chem Toxicol Res & Pharmacokinet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Skoog, SA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina & N Carolina State Univ, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Box 7115Raleigh, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM roger_narayan@msn.com RI Narayan, Roger/J-2789-2013 OI Narayan, Roger/0000-0002-4876-9869 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors would like to acknowledge use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, which is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 520 EP 525 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0300-x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 934XF UT WOS:000303479400011 ER PT J AU Shet, S Chen, L Tang, HW Nuggehalli, R Wang, H Yan, YF Turner, J Al-Jassim, M AF Shet, Sudhakar Chen, Le Tang, Houwen Nuggehalli, Ravindra Wang, Heli Yan, Yanfa Turner, John Al-Jassim, Mowafak TI Influence of Gas Flow Rate for Formation of Aligned Nanorods in ZnO Thin Films for Solar-Driven Hydrogen Production SO JOM LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; ZNO(AL,N) FILMS; WATER; GROWTH; PHOTOCATALYSIS; ARRAYS; TIO2 AB ZnO thin films have been deposited in mixed Ar/N-2 gas ambient at substrate temperature of 500A degrees C by radiofrequency sputtering of ZnO targets. We find that an optimum N-2-to-Ar ratio in the deposition ambient promotes the formation of well-aligned nanorods. ZnO thin films grown in ambient with 25% N-2 gas flow rate promoted nanorods aligned along c-axis and exhibit significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) response, compared with ZnO thin films grown in an ambient with different N-2-to-Ar gas flow ratios. Our results suggest that chamber ambient is critical for the formation of aligned nanostructures, which offer potential advantages for improving the efficiency of PEC water splitting for H-2 production. C1 [Shet, Sudhakar; Chen, Le; Tang, Houwen; Wang, Heli; Yan, Yanfa; Turner, John; Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Shet, Sudhakar; Nuggehalli, Ravindra] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Shet, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Sudhakar.Shet@nrel.gov RI Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 526 EP 530 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0299-z PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 934XF UT WOS:000303479400012 ER PT J AU Sun, YG AF Sun, Yugang TI Watching nanoparticle kinetics in liquid SO MATERIALS TODAY LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TIME-RESOLVED XAFS; IN-SITU; METAL NANOPARTICLES; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; REPLACEMENT REACTION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE FORMATION AB Scalable solution-phase synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles with precisely tailored properties represents the most critical foundation towards implanting nanoscale science and technology in a variety of areas related to energy and the environment, such as catalysis, solar energy conversion, energy storage, etc.(1-6). The properties of a nanoparticle are determined by a set of physical parameters, including its composition, size, shape, crystallinity, surface modification, and the surrounding environment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sun, YG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ygsun@anl.gov RI Sun, Yugang /A-3683-2010 OI Sun, Yugang /0000-0001-6351-6977 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, Advanced Photon Source, and Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 71 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 93 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-7021 J9 MATER TODAY JI Mater. Today PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 140 EP 147 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 937FE UT WOS:000303643600011 ER PT J AU Miller, MK Kelly, TF Rajan, K Ringer, SP AF Miller, Michael K. Kelly, Thomas. F. Rajan, Krishna Ringer, Simon P. TI The future of atom probe tomography SO MATERIALS TODAY LA English DT Review ID FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY; SPECIMEN PREPARATION; RECONSTRUCTION; IMPLEMENTATION; DISLOCATIONS; RESOLUTION; ALUMINUM AB History has taught us that every time a new form of microscopy or type of microscope is introduced, major advances are made in the understanding of materials. For example, the light or optical microscope introduced the world to microbes and micro-organisms around 1600 AD, and the electron microscope to dislocations in materials over 50 years ago(1-3). Today many different forms of microscopy have been developed but the ultimate goal of seeing, accurately locating, and identifying all the atoms in a specimen is still elusive. Atom probe tomography and electron microscopy are the mainstays of atomic resolution microscopy of bulk materials. However, neither technique can accomplish this goal in the bulk of a specimen at the present time. C1 [Miller, Michael K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kelly, Thomas. F.] Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Rajan, Krishna] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ringer, Simon P.] Univ Sydney, Australian Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Miller, MK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM millermk@ornl.gov RI Ringer, Simon/E-3487-2012 OI Ringer, Simon/0000-0002-1559-330X FU ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Australian Research Council; ammrf.org.au FX MKM and atom probe tomography were supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. MKM was also sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. SPR acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council and technical and scientific support from ammrf.org.au. NR 70 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-7021 EI 1873-4103 J9 MATER TODAY JI Mater. Today PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 158 EP 165 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 937FE UT WOS:000303643600013 ER PT J AU Borisevich, AY Eliseev, EA Morozovska, AN Cheng, CJ Lin, JY Chu, YH Kan, D Takeuchi, I Nagarajan, V Kalinin, SV AF Borisevich, A. Y. Eliseev, E. A. Morozovska, A. N. Cheng, C. -J. Lin, J. -Y. Chu, Y. H. Kan, D. Takeuchi, I. Nagarajan, V. Kalinin, S. V. TI Atomic-scale evolution of modulated phases at the ferroelectric-antiferroelectric morphotropic phase boundary controlled by flexoelectric interaction SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; STRUCTURALLY HETEROGENEOUS MODEL; SIMILAR MAGNETIC-ALLOYS; OXIDE SOLID-SOLUTIONS; EXTRINSIC MAGNETOSTRICTION; INCOMMENSURATE PHASES; THERMODYNAMIC THEORY; SUBSTITUTED BIFEO3; BETA-TRANSITION; SOLUTION SYSTEM AB Physical and structural origins of morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) in ferroics remain elusive despite decades of study. The leading competing theories employ either low-symmetry bridging phases or adaptive phases with nanoscale textures to describe different subsets of the macroscopic data, while the decisive atomic-scale information has so far been missing. Here we report direct atomically resolved mapping of polarization and structure order parameter fields in a Sm-doped BiFeO3 system and their evolution as the system approaches a MPB. We further show that both the experimental phase diagram and the observed phase evolution can be explained by taking into account the flexoelectric interaction, which renders the effective domain wall energy negative, thus stabilizing modulated phases in the vicinity of the MPB. Our study highlights the importance of local order-parameter mapping at the atomic scale and establishes a hitherto unobserved physical origin of spatially modulated phases existing in the vicinity of the MPB. C1 [Borisevich, A. Y.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Techol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Eliseev, E. A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. [Morozovska, A. N.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. [Cheng, C. -J.; Nagarajan, V.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Lin, J. -Y.] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Inst Phys, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Chu, Y. H.] Natl Chaio Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Kan, D.; Takeuchi, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kan, D.] Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Borisevich, AY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Techol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM albinab@ornl.gov RI Kan, Daisuke/G-3550-2010; Borisevich, Albina/B-1624-2009; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; valanoor, nagarajan/B-4159-2012 OI Kan, Daisuke/0000-0002-7505-0059; Borisevich, Albina/0000-0002-3953-8460; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; FU Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE); Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; National Science Council; Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; NSF MRSEC [DMR 0520471]; ARO [W911NF-07-1-0410]; NEDO FX Microscopy studies were sponsored by Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. The work in National Chiao Tung University is supported by the National Science Council. S.V.K. is supported by the Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. The work at UMD is supported by NSF MRSEC (DMR 0520471), ARO W911NF-07-1-0410 and NEDO. The authors gratefully acknowledge multiple discussions with A. Khachaturyan (Rutgers), A. Tagantsev (EPFL) and A. Sobolev (SDSM). NR 60 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 5 U2 137 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 3 AR 775 DI 10.1038/ncomms1778 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 934PB UT WOS:000303455200012 PM 22491323 ER PT J AU Lu, XH Hlaing, H Germack, DS Peet, J Jo, WH Andrienko, D Kremer, K Ocko, BM AF Lu, Xinhui Hlaing, Htay Germack, David S. Peet, Jeff Jo, Won Ho Andrienko, Denis Kremer, Kurt Ocko, Benjamin M. TI Bilayer order in a polycarbazole-conjugated polymer SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES; BULK HETEROJUNCTIONS; SIDE-CHAINS; PERFORMANCE; MOBILITY; TRANSISTORS; FILMS; LONG AB One of the best performing semiconducting polymers used in bulk heterojunction devices is PCDTBT, a polycarbazole derivative with solar-conversion efficiencies as high as 7.2%. Here we report the formation of bilayer ordering in PCDTBT, and postulate that this structural motif is a direct consequence of the polymer's molecular design. This bilayer motif is composed of a pair of backbones arranged side-to-side where the alkyl tails are on the outer side. This is in stark contrast to the monolayer ordering found in other conjugated polymers. The crystalline bilayer phase forms at elevated temperatures and persists after cooling to room temperature. The existence of bilayer ordering, along with its high-packing fraction of conjugated moieties, may guide the synthesis of new materials with improved optoelectronic properties. C1 [Lu, Xinhui; Hlaing, Htay; Germack, David S.; Ocko, Benjamin M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hlaing, Htay] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Jo, Won Ho] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Peet, Jeff] Konarka Technol, Lowell, MA 01852 USA. [Andrienko, Denis; Kremer, Kurt] Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. RP Ocko, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ocko@bnl.gov RI Andrienko, Denis/B-7721-2008; Jo, Won Ho/E-7424-2013; Kremer, Kurt/G-5652-2011; MPIP, Theory/I-9884-2014 OI Andrienko, Denis/0000-0002-1541-1377; FU US. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Konarka Technologies; Energy Laboratory Research and Development Initiative at Brookhaven National Laboratories; DFG [IRTG 1404, SPP 1355]; BMBF FX This research is supported by the US. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (X. L, H. H. D. G. & B.O.) which is supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and by Konarka Technologies. This work was partially supported by Energy Laboratory Research and Development Initiative at Brookhaven National Laboratories. This work was also supported by the DFG program IRTG 1404, DFG grant SPP 1355, and BMBF grant MESOMERIE. The authors wish to thank Mario Leclerc, Gilles Dennler, Barney Grubbs, Kevin Yager and Chuck Black for valuable discussions. NR 30 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 83 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 3 AR 795 DI 10.1038/ncomms1790 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 934PB UT WOS:000303455200032 PM 22531180 ER PT J AU Seidel, J Luo, W Suresha, SJ Nguyen, PK Lee, AS Kim, SY Yang, CH Pennycook, SJ Pantelides, ST Scott, JF Ramesh, R AF Seidel, J. Luo, W. Suresha, S. J. Nguyen, P. -K. Lee, A. S. Kim, S. -Y. Yang, C. -H. Pennycook, S. J. Pantelides, S. T. Scott, J. F. Ramesh, R. TI Prominent electrochromism through vacancy-order melting in a complex oxide SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DOMAIN-INVERSION; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE; BIFEO3 FILMS; CRYSTALS; GAS AB Electrochromes are materials that have the ability to reversibly change from one colour state to another with the application of an electric field. Electrochromic colouration efficiency is typically large in organic materials that are not very stable chemically. Here we show that inorganic Bi0.9Ca0.1FeO3-0.05 thin films exhibit a prominent electrochromic effect arising from an intrinsic mechanism due to the melting of oxygen-vacancy ordering and the associated redistribution of carriers. We use a combination of optical characterization techniques in conjunction with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and first-principles theory. The absorption change and colouration efficiency at the band edge (blue-cyan region) are 4.8x10(6) m(-1) and 190 cm(2)C(-1), respectively, which are the highest reported values for inorganic electrochromes, even exceeding values of some organic materials. C1 [Seidel, J.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, J.; Yang, C. -H.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Luo, W.; Pennycook, S. J.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Luo, W.; Pennycook, S. J.; Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Suresha, S. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nguyen, P. -K.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Lee, A. S.; Kim, S. -Y.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, C. -H.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Deparment Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Yang, C. -H.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Inst NanoCentury, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Scott, J. F.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Seidel, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbseidel@lbl.gov RI YANG, CHAN-HO/C-2079-2011; Luo, Weidong/A-8418-2009 OI Luo, Weidong/0000-0003-3829-1547 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0013528]; National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX This research is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering (S.J.P., S. T. P., and W. L.), and under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (R. R.), and by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0013528). Computations were performed at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center. We acknowledge support from the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. J.S. acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 30 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 85 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 3 AR 799 DI 10.1038/ncomms1799 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 934PB UT WOS:000303455200036 PM 22531184 ER PT J AU Vu, TT Stolyar, SM Pinchuk, GE Hill, EA Kucek, LA Brown, RN Lipton, MS Osterman, A Fredrickson, JK Konopka, AE Beliaev, AS Reed, JL AF Vu, Trang T. Stolyar, Sergey M. Pinchuk, Grigoriy E. Hill, Eric A. Kucek, Leo A. Brown, Roslyn N. Lipton, Mary S. Osterman, Andrei Fredrickson, Jim K. Konopka, Allan E. Beliaev, Alexander S. Reed, Jennifer L. TI Genome-Scale Modeling of Light-Driven Reductant Partitioning and Carbon Fluxes in Diazotrophic Unicellular Cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp ATCC 51142 SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TIME TAG APPROACH; CYCLIC ELECTRON FLOW; METABOLIC NETWORK; ACCURATE MASS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GENUS CYANOTHECE; BALANCE ANALYSIS; NDH-1 COMPLEXES; STRAIN PCC6803; PHOTOSYSTEM-I AB Genome-scale metabolic models have proven useful for answering fundamental questions about metabolic capabilities of a variety of microorganisms, as well as informing their metabolic engineering. However, only a few models are available for oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms, particularly in cyanobacteria in which photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains (ETC) share components. We addressed the complexity of cyanobacterial ETC by developing a genome-scale model for the diazotrophic cyanobacterium, Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142. The resulting metabolic reconstruction, iCce806, consists of 806 genes associated with 667 metabolic reactions and includes a detailed representation of the ETC and a biomass equation based on experimental measurements. Both computational and experimental approaches were used to investigate light-driven metabolism in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142, with a particular focus on reductant production and partitioning within the ETC. The simulation results suggest that growth and metabolic flux distributions are substantially impacted by the relative amounts of light going into the individual photosystems. When growth is limited by the flux through photosystem I, terminal respiratory oxidases are predicted to be an important mechanism for removing excess reductant. Similarly, under photosystem II flux limitation, excess electron carriers must be removed via cyclic electron transport. Furthermore, in silico calculations were in good quantitative agreement with the measured growth rates whereas predictions of reaction usage were qualitatively consistent with protein and mRNA expression data, which we used to further improve the resolution of intracellular flux values. C1 [Vu, Trang T.; Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stolyar, Sergey M.; Pinchuk, Grigoriy E.; Hill, Eric A.; Kucek, Leo A.; Brown, Roslyn N.; Lipton, Mary S.; Fredrickson, Jim K.; Konopka, Allan E.; Beliaev, Alexander S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Osterman, Andrei] Burnham Inst Med Res, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Vu, TT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM alex.beliaev@pnnl.gov; reed@engr.wisc.edu RI Reed, Jennifer/E-5137-2011; Beliaev, Alexander/E-8798-2016 OI Beliaev, Alexander/0000-0002-6766-4632 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), U.S. Department of Energy FX The research was supported by the Genomic Science Program (GSP), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), U.S. Department of Energy, and is a contribution of the PNNL Biofuels and Foundational Scientific Focus Areas (SFAs). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 AR e1002460 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002460 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 934JM UT WOS:000303440400014 PM 22529767 ER PT J AU Alekeyenko, AA Ho, JWK Peng, SY Gelbart, M Tolstorukov, MY Plachetka, A Kharchenko, PV Jung, YL Gorchakov, AA Larschan, E Gu, TT Minoda, A Riddle, NC Schwartz, YB Elgin, SCR Karpen, GH Pirrotta, V Kuroda, MI Park, PJ AF Alekeyenko, Artyom A. Ho, Joshua W. K. Peng, Shouyong Gelbart, Marnie Tolstorukov, Michael Y. Plachetka, Annette Kharchenko, Peter V. Jung, Youngsook L. Gorchakov, Andrey A. Larschan, Erica Gu, Tingting Minoda, Aki Riddle, Nicole C. Schwartz, Yuri B. Elgin, Sarah C. R. Karpen, Gary H. Pirrotta, Vincenzo Kuroda, Mitzi I. Park, Peter J. TI Sequence-Specific Targeting of Dosage Compensation in Drosophila Favors an Active Chromatin Context SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MALE X-CHROMOSOME; MSL-2 MESSENGER-RNA; ANALYSIS REVEALS; HISTONE H3; COMPLEX; GENES; MELANOGASTER; BINDING; PROTEIN; GENOME AB The Drosophila MSL complex mediates dosage compensation by increasing transcription of the single X chromosome in males approximately two-fold. This is accomplished through recognition of the X chromosome and subsequent acetylation of histone H4K16 on X-linked genes. Initial binding to the X is thought to occur at "entry sites" that contain a consensus sequence motif ("MSL recognition element" or MRE). However, this motif is only similar to 2 fold enriched on X, and only a fraction of the motifs on X are initially targeted. Here we ask whether chromatin context could distinguish between utilized and non-utilized copies of the motif, by comparing their relative enrichment for histone modifications and chromosomal proteins mapped in the modENCODE project. Through a comparative analysis of the chromatin features in male S2 cells (which contain MSL complex) and female Kc cells (which lack the complex), we find that the presence of active chromatin modifications, together with an elevated local GC content in the surrounding sequences, has strong predictive value for functional MSL entry sites, independent of MSL binding. We tested these sites for function in Kc cells by RNAi knockdown of Sxl, resulting in induction of MSL complex. We show that ectopic MSL expression in Kc cells leads to H4K16 acetylation around these sites and a relative increase in X chromosome transcription. Collectively, our results support a model in which a pre-existing active chromatin environment, coincident with H3K36me3, contributes to MSL entry site selection. The consequences of MSL targeting of the male X chromosome include increase in nucleosome lability, enrichment for H4K16 acetylation and JIL-1 kinase, and depletion of linker histone H1 on active X-linked genes. Our analysis can serve as a model for identifying chromatin and local sequence features that may contribute to selection of functional protein binding sites in the genome. C1 [Alekeyenko, Artyom A.; Ho, Joshua W. K.; Peng, Shouyong; Gelbart, Marnie; Tolstorukov, Michael Y.; Plachetka, Annette; Kharchenko, Peter V.; Jung, Youngsook L.; Gorchakov, Andrey A.; Kuroda, Mitzi I.; Park, Peter J.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Genet,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Alekeyenko, Artyom A.; Gelbart, Marnie; Plachetka, Annette; Gorchakov, Andrey A.; Kuroda, Mitzi I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA USA. [Ho, Joshua W. K.; Peng, Shouyong; Tolstorukov, Michael Y.; Kharchenko, Peter V.; Jung, Youngsook L.; Park, Peter J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Informat, Boston, MA USA. [Larschan, Erica] Brown Univ, Dept Mol Biol Cell Biol & Biochem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gu, Tingting; Riddle, Nicole C.; Elgin, Sarah C. R.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Minoda, Aki; Karpen, Gary H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Minoda, Aki] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schwartz, Yuri B.] Umea Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Umea, Sweden. [Pirrotta, Vincenzo] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Alekeyenko, AA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Genet,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mkuroda@genetics.med.harvard.edu; peter_park@harvard.edu RI Gorchakov, Andrey/N-5840-2015; Minoda, Aki/D-5335-2017 OI Gorchakov, Andrey/0000-0003-2830-4236; Minoda, Aki/0000-0002-2927-5791 FU NHGRI [U01HG004258]; NIH via NIBIB [5RL9EB008539]; NIH [GM45744]; DAAD from the German Academic Exchange Service FX This work was supported by NHGRI grant U01HG004258 (GHK, SCRE, MIK, PJP, VP), the NIH Common Fund via NIBIB 5RL9EB008539 (JWKH), NIH grant GM45744 (MIK), and DAAD fellowship from the German Academic Exchange Service (AP). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 351 EP 363 AR e1002646 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002646 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 934KA UT WOS:000303441800026 PM 22570616 ER PT J AU Danilov, YY Petelin, MI Tantawi, S AF Danilov, Yu. Yu. Petelin, M. I. Tantawi, S. TI A coaxial 2D-periodic perforated directional coupler SO RADIOPHYSICS AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article AB We propose to couple two coaxial waveguides by 2D periodic perforation in the common wall in order to ensure selective coupling between two waves propagating in these waveguides. In the experiment at a frequency of 10 GHz, the H (01) mode of the internal waveguide was converted to the rotating H (51) mode of the external waveguide with a power loss of several percent. C1 [Danilov, Yu. Yu.; Petelin, M. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Tantawi, S.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Danilov, YY (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. EM danilov@appl.sci-nnov.ru NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0033-8443 J9 RADIOPHYS QUANT EL+ JI Radiophys. Quantum Electron. PD APR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 11 BP 731 EP 736 DI 10.1007/s11141-012-9334-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 936JL UT WOS:000303586600002 ER PT J AU Carmichael, JR Rother, G Browning, JF Ankner, JF Banuelos, JL Anovitz, LM Wesolowski, DJ Cole, DR AF Carmichael, Justin R. Rother, Gernot Browning, James F. Ankner, John F. Banuelos, Jose L. Anovitz, Lawrence M. Wesolowski, David J. Cole, David R. TI High-pressure cell for neutron reflectometry of supercritical and subcritical fluids at solid interfaces SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; REFLECTIVITY; SCATTERING; LIQUID AB A new high-pressure cell design for use in neutron reflectometry (NR) for pressures up to 50 MPa and a temperature range of 300-473 K is described. The cell design guides the neutron beam through the working crystal without passing through additional windows or the bulk fluid, which provides for a high neutron transmission, low scattering background, and low beam distortion. The o-ring seal is suitable for a wide range of subcritical and supercritical fluids and ensures high chemical and pressure stability. Wafers with a diameter of 5.08 cm (2 in.) and 5 mm or 10 mm thickness can be used with the cells, depending on the required pressure and momentum transfer range. The fluid volume in the sample cell is very small at about 0.1 ml, which minimizes scattering background and stored energy. The cell design and pressure setup for measurements with supercritical fluids are described. NR data are shown for silicon/silicon oxide and quartz wafers measured against air and subsequently within the high-pressure cell to demonstrate the neutron characteristics of the high-pressure cell. Neutron reflectivity data for supercritical CO2 in contact with quartz and Si/SiO2 wafers are also shown. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3697999] C1 [Carmichael, Justin R.; Browning, James F.; Ankner, John F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rother, Gernot; Banuelos, Jose L.; Anovitz, Lawrence M.; Wesolowski, David J.; Cole, David R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carmichael, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM carmichaeljr@ornl.gov; rotherg@ornl.gov RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016; OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750; Browning, James/0000-0001-8379-259X; Ankner, John/0000-0002-6737-5718; Banuelos, Jose/0000-0003-4644-526X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ERKCC67]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Center of Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 (NCGC), an Energy Frontier Research Center FX Research of G.R., L.M.A., and D.R.C. is based upon work supported as part of the Center of Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 (NCGC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number ERKCC67. A portion of this research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 045108 DI 10.1063/1.3697999 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300070 PM 22559577 ER PT J AU Erskine, DJ Smith, RF Bolme, CA Celliers, PM Collins, GW AF Erskine, David J. Smith, R. F. Bolme, C. A. Celliers, P. M. Collins, G. W. TI Two-dimensional imaging velocity interferometry: Data analysis techniques SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID VISAR AB We describe data analysis procedures for an emerging interferometric technique for measuring target motion across a two-dimensional image at a moment in time, i.e., a snapshot 2D-VISAR. Conventional VISARs (velocity interferometer system for any reflector) are commonly used in shock physics to measure velocity history at a single point or many points across a line on target. These however are not recorded in two-dimensions and cannot be used with ultrashort pulsed illumination because the coherence length is smaller than the interferometer delay, preventing fringe formation. In our scheme, dual matched interferometers allow use of low- or incoherent illumination such as ultrashort laser pulses to freeze motion of target, allowing use of slow CCD imaging detectors. Quadrature phase recording and push-pull data analysis simultaneously produces an ordinary nonfringing reflectivity image and a fringing image. The latter is converted into a 2D-phase map which is proportional to target velocity. Example data on shocked crystalline [111] Si shows incipient features of similar to 50 mu m scale. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704840] C1 [Erskine, David J.; Smith, R. F.; Celliers, P. M.; Collins, G. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Bolme, C. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Erskine, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM erskine1@llnl.gov OI Bolme, Cynthia/0000-0002-1880-271X FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Jupiter Laser facility FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. We thank the Jupiter Laser facility for their support. Thanks to Jon Eggert's continual enthusiasm and advice for novel diagnostic techniques and analysis. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 043116 DI 10.1063/1.4704840 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300017 PM 22559524 ER PT J AU Gann, E Young, AT Collins, BA Yan, H Nasiatka, J Padmore, HA Ade, H Hexemer, A Wang, C AF Gann, E. Young, A. T. Collins, B. A. Yan, H. Nasiatka, J. Padmore, H. A. Ade, H. Hexemer, A. Wang, C. TI Soft x-ray scattering facility at the Advanced Light Source with real-time data processing and analysis SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; COPOLYMER THIN-FILMS; CARBON CONTAMINATION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPY; REFLECTIVITY; UNDULATOR; POLYMERS; OPTICS AB We present the development and characterization of a dedicated resonant soft x-ray scattering facility. Capable of operation over a wide energy range, the beamline and endstation are primarily used for scattering from soft matter systems around the carbon K-edge (similar to 285 eV). We describe the specialized design of the instrument and characteristics of the beamline. Operational characteristics of immediate interest to users such as polarization control, degree of higher harmonic spectral contamination, and detector noise are delineated. Of special interest is the development of a higher harmonic rejection system that improves the spectral purity of the x-ray beam. Special software and a user-friendly interface have been implemented to allow real-time data processing and preliminary data analysis simultaneous with data acquisition. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3701831] C1 [Young, A. T.; Yan, H.; Nasiatka, J.; Padmore, H. A.; Hexemer, A.; Wang, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gann, E.; Collins, B. A.; Yan, H.; Ade, H.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cwang2@lbl.gov RI Wang, Cheng /E-7399-2012; Collins, Brian/M-5182-2013; Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011; YAN, HONGPING/N-7549-2013; Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014; Gann, Eliot/A-5246-2014 OI Collins, Brian/0000-0003-2047-8418; YAN, HONGPING/0000-0001-6235-4523; FU (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Materials Science and Engineering Division [DE-FG02-98ER45737]; GAANN; ALS; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We gratefully acknowledge fruitful discussion about the facility and soft x-ray scattering, in general, with E. Gullikson (CRXO, LNBL) and J. Kortright (LBNL). We thank E. Gullikson for providing the diffraction grating, C. McNeil (Monash University) for the P3HT: P(NDI2OD-T2) sample, and Dong Hyun Lee for the (PI-b-PS-b-P2VP) triblock copolymer sample. We thank J. Seok (now at Intel) for creating the P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction sample. We also gratefully acknowledge E. Domning and B. Smith from the ALS controls group for their continuing development of the 11.0.1.2 control software. Funding at NCSU for scattering from organic devices is provided by the (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Materials Science and Engineering Division (Contract No. DE-FG02-98ER45737). E.G. and H.Y. were also supported by a GAANN and ALS Fellowship, respectively. Data have been acquired at ALS beamline 11.0.1.2. This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 57 TC 148 Z9 148 U1 8 U2 66 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 045110 DI 10.1063/1.3701831 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300072 PM 22559579 ER PT J AU Roy, PK Greenway, WG Kwan, JW AF Roy, Prabir K. Greenway, Wayne G. Kwan, Joe W. TI Source fabrication and lifetime for Li+ ion beams extracted from alumino-silicate sources SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS; POSITIVE-IONS AB A space-charge-limited beam with current densities (J) exceeding 1 mA/cm(2) have been measured from lithium alumino-silicate ion sources at a temperature of similar to 1275 degrees C. At higher extraction voltages, the source appears to become emission limited with J >= 1.5 mA/cm(2), and J increases weakly with the applied voltage. A 6.35 mm diameter source with an alumino-silicate coating, <= 0.25 mm thick, has a measured lifetime of similar to 40 h at similar to 1275 degrees C, when pulsed at 0.05 Hz and with pulse length of similar to 6 mu s each. At this rate, the source lifetime was independent of the actual beam charge extracted due to the loss of neutral atoms at high temperature. The source lifetime increases with the amount of aluminosilicate coated on the emitting surface, and may also be further extended if the temperature is reduced between pulses. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704457] C1 [Roy, Prabir K.; Greenway, Wayne G.; Kwan, Joe W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Roy, PK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM PKRoy@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank A. Friedman, D. P. Grote, S. M. Lidia, S. M. Lund, B. G. Logan, W. M. Sharp, and W. L. Waldron for useful discussions. T. M. Lipton, M. R. Dickinson, and T. E. Katayanagi provided valuable technical assistance. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 043303 DI 10.1063/1.4704457 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300021 PM 22559528 ER PT J AU Schlotter, WF Turner, JJ Rowen, M Heimann, P Holmes, M Krupin, O Messerschmidt, M Moeller, S Krzywinski, J Soufli, R Fernandez-Perea, M Kelez, N Lee, S Coffee, R Hays, G Beye, M Gerken, N Sorgenfrei, F Hau-Riege, S Juha, L Chalupsky, J Hajkova, V Mancuso, AP Singer, A Yefanov, O Vartanyants, IA Cadenazzi, G Abbey, B Nugent, KA Sinn, H Luning, J Schaffert, S Eisebitt, S Lee, WS Scherz, A Nilsson, AR Wurth, W AF Schlotter, W. F. Turner, J. J. Rowen, M. Heimann, P. Holmes, M. Krupin, O. Messerschmidt, M. Moeller, S. Krzywinski, J. Soufli, R. Fernandez-Perea, M. Kelez, N. Lee, S. Coffee, R. Hays, G. Beye, M. Gerken, N. Sorgenfrei, F. Hau-Riege, S. Juha, L. Chalupsky, J. Hajkova, V. Mancuso, A. P. Singer, A. Yefanov, O. Vartanyants, I. A. Cadenazzi, G. Abbey, B. Nugent, K. A. Sinn, H. Luening, J. Schaffert, S. Eisebitt, S. Lee, W. -S. Scherz, A. Nilsson, A. R. Wurth, W. TI The soft x-ray instrument for materials studies at the linac coherent light source x-ray free-electron laser SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID OPERATION AB The soft x-ray materials science instrument is the second operational beamline at the linac coherent light source x-ray free electron laser. The instrument operates with a photon energy range of 480-2000 eV and features a grating monochromator as well as bendable refocusing mirrors. A broad range of experimental stations may be installed to study diverse scientific topics such as: ultrafast chemistry, surface science, highly correlated electron systems, matter under extreme conditions, and laboratory astrophysics. Preliminary commissioning results are presented including the first soft x-ray single-shot energy spectrum from a free electron laser. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3698294] C1 [Schlotter, W. F.; Turner, J. J.; Rowen, M.; Heimann, P.; Holmes, M.; Krupin, O.; Messerschmidt, M.; Moeller, S.; Krzywinski, J.; Lee, S.; Coffee, R.; Hays, G.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, LCLS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Heimann, P.; Kelez, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krupin, O.; Sinn, H.] European XFEL GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Soufli, R.; Fernandez-Perea, M.; Hau-Riege, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Beye, M.; Gerken, N.; Sorgenfrei, F.; Wurth, W.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Beye, M.; Gerken, N.; Sorgenfrei, F.; Wurth, W.] Univ Hamburg, CFEL, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Juha, L.; Chalupsky, J.; Hajkova, V.] Inst Phys ASCR, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic. [Mancuso, A. P.; Singer, A.; Yefanov, O.; Vartanyants, I. A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Vartanyants, I. A.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Cadenazzi, G.; Abbey, B.; Nugent, K. A.] Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Coherent Xray Sci, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Luening, J.] Univ Paris 06, Lab Chim Phys Matiere & Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Paris, France. [Schaffert, S.; Eisebitt, S.] TU Berlin, Inst Opt & Atomare Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Eisebitt, S.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Lee, W. -S.; Scherz, A.; Nilsson, A. R.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, SIMES, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Schlotter, WF (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, LCLS, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM wschlott@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Beye, Martin/F-1165-2011; Messerschmidt, Marc/F-3796-2010; Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Abbey, Brian/D-3274-2011; Hajkova, Vera/G-9391-2014; Chalupsky, Jaromir/H-2079-2014; Singer, Andrej/M-3948-2015; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Beye, Martin/0000-0002-3924-2993; Messerschmidt, Marc/0000-0002-8641-3302; Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Abbey, Brian/0000-0001-6504-0503; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 FU LCLS; Stanford University through the Stanford Institute for Materials Energy Sciences (SIMES); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); University of Hamburg through the BMBF [FSP 301]; Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL); U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Czech Science Foundation [P108/11/1312] FX This research was carried out on the SXR Instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a division of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science user facility operated by Stanford University for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). The SXR Instrument is funded by a consortium whose membership includes the LCLS, Stanford University through the Stanford Institute for Materials Energy Sciences (SIMES), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), University of Hamburg through the BMBF priority program FSP 301, and the Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL). In addition this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. V. H., J.C., and L.J. appreciate financial support from the Czech Science Foundation within the grant P108/11/1312. The authors would like to thank Zahid Hussain and Jo Stohr for guidance on this project. NR 16 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 043107 DI 10.1063/1.3698294 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300008 PM 22559515 ER PT J AU Sinenian, N Manuel, MJE Zylstra, AB Rosenberg, M Waugh, CJ Rinderknecht, HG Casey, DT Sio, H Ruszczynski, JK Zhou, L Johnson, MG Frenje, JA Seguin, FH Li, CK Petrasso, RD Ruiz, CL Leeper, RJ AF Sinenian, N. Manuel, M. J. -E. Zylstra, A. B. Rosenberg, M. Waugh, C. J. Rinderknecht, H. G. Casey, D. T. Sio, H. Ruszczynski, J. K. Zhou, L. Johnson, M. Gatu Frenje, J. A. Seguin, F. H. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. D. Ruiz, C. L. Leeper, R. J. TI Upgrade of the MIT Linear Electrostatic Ion Accelerator (LEIA) for nuclear diagnostics development for Omega, Z and the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON YIELDS; IMPLOSIONS; DETECTOR; ICF; DD AB The MIT Linear Electrostatic Ion Accelerator (LEIA) generates DD and (DHe)-He-3 fusion products for the development of nuclear diagnostics for Omega, Z, and the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Significant improvements to the system in recent years are presented. Fusion reaction rates, as high as 10(7) s(-1) and 10(6) s(-1) for DD and (DHe)-He-3, respectively, are now well regulated with a new ion source and electronic gas control system. Charged fusion products are more accurately characterized, which allows for better calibration of existing nuclear diagnostics. In addition, in situ measurements of the on-target beam profile, made with a CCD camera, are used to determine the metrology of the fusion-product source for particle-counting applications. Finally, neutron diagnostics development has been facilitated by detailed Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport (MCNP) modeling of neutrons in the accelerator target chamber, which is used to correct for scattering within the system. These recent improvements have resulted in a versatile platform, which continues to support the existing nuclear diagnostics while simultaneously facilitating the development of new diagnostics in aid of the National Ignition Campaign at the National Ignition Facility. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703315] C1 [Sinenian, N.; Manuel, M. J. -E.; Zylstra, A. B.; Rosenberg, M.; Waugh, C. J.; Rinderknecht, H. G.; Casey, D. T.; Sio, H.; Ruszczynski, J. K.; Zhou, L.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Frenje, J. A.; Seguin, F. H.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ruiz, C. L.; Leeper, R. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sinenian, N (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM nareg@psfc.mit.edu RI Manuel, Mario/L-3213-2015; OI Manuel, Mario/0000-0002-5834-1161; /0000-0003-4969-5571 FU Sandia National Laboratory [611557]; NLUF (DOE) [DE-NA0000877]; FSC Rochester [415023-G]; U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) [DE-FG03-03SF22691]; Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) [412160-001G]; LLNL [B504974]; GA under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA27279] FX The authors thank the technical staff at the PSFC, in particular Bill Forbes, Ed Fitzgerald, and Robert A. Childs, for engineering assistance. This work was done in part for the graduate student authors' Ph.D. theses and was supported in part by Sandia National Laboratory (Agreement No. 611557), NLUF (DOE Award No. DE-NA0000877), FSC Rochester Sub Award PO No. 415023-G), U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) (Grant No. DE-FG03-03SF22691), Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) (Grant No. 412160-001G), LLNL (Grant No. B504974), and GA under DOE (DE-AC52-06NA27279). NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 043502 DI 10.1063/1.3703315 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300024 PM 22559531 ER PT J AU Thangaraj, J Andonian, G Thurman-Keup, R Ruan, J Johnson, AS Lumpkin, A Santucci, J Maxwell, T Murokh, A Ruelas, M Ovodenko, A AF Thangaraj, J. Andonian, G. Thurman-Keup, R. Ruan, J. Johnson, A. S. Lumpkin, A. Santucci, J. Maxwell, T. Murokh, A. Ruelas, M. Ovodenko, A. TI Demonstration of a real-time interferometer as a bunch-length monitor in a high-current electron beam accelerator SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT TRANSITION RADIATION; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY AB A real-time interferometer (RTI) has been developed to monitor the bunch length of an electron beam in an accelerator. The RTI employs spatial autocorrelation, reflective optics, and a fast response pyro-detector array to obtain a real-time autocorrelation trace of the coherent radiation from an electron beam thus providing the possibility of online bunch-length diagnostics. A complete RTI system has been commissioned at the A0 photoinjector facility to measure sub-mm bunches at 13 MeV. Bunch length variation (FWHM) between 0.8 ps (similar to 0.24 mm) and 1.5 ps (similar to 0.45 mm) has been measured and compared with a Martin-Puplett interferometer and a streak camera. The comparisons show that RTI is a viable, complementary bunch length diagnostic for sub-mm electron bunches. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3698388] C1 [Thangaraj, J.; Thurman-Keup, R.; Ruan, J.; Johnson, A. S.; Lumpkin, A.; Santucci, J.; Maxwell, T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Andonian, G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Andonian, G.; Murokh, A.; Ruelas, M.; Ovodenko, A.] RadiaBeam Technol, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. RP Thangaraj, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jtobin@fnal.gov FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. DOE SBIR [DE-FG02-07ER84814] FX The authors are indebted to the A0 technical support team and the Radiabeam technical support. We acknowledge Gentec-EO for their help with the electronics. We thank M. Church, H. Edwards, M. Wendt, V. Shiltsev, and P. Piot for their interest and encouragement. We thank E. Hemsing for his calculations. We also thank J. Moody, P. Musumeci, J. Rosenzweig, R. Tikhoplav, G. Travish, and U. Happek. The work was supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and by U.S. DOE SBIR Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER84814. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2012 VL 83 IS 4 AR 043302 DI 10.1063/1.3698388 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 934BO UT WOS:000303415300020 PM 22559527 ER PT J AU Murphy, G Clark, JA Pilkerton, S AF Murphy, Glen Clark, Joshua A. Pilkerton, Stephen TI Current and Potential Tagging and Tracking Systems for Logs Harvested from Pacific Northwest Forests SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE log tracking; supply chain; logistics ID TRACEABILITY; TECHNOLOGY AB The forest industry is constantly changing, and technology is constantly shifting the bar for efficiency and profitability. To maintain competitiveness and control costs in a global market, an efficient log tracking method must be used by regional stakeholders in the log supply chain from stump to mill to end consumer. It is important to understand the implications of recent innovations in log tracking for stakeholders in the Pacific Northwest in the context of a global economy, and how innovations in other regions may affect the future of log tracking. In this report, we (1) discuss the importance of log tracking technology, (2) review both regional and international efforts to harness technology for tracking logs from stump to mill, (3) report on a regional survey that examines the current status of log tracking in the Pacific Northwest, and (4) identify the most promising technologies that could be implemented in the near future. The majority of regional stakeholders use paper tags or other relatively simple tagging methods. Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and other tracer technologies were not used when marking, sorting, tracking, or paying for logs by any of the regional organizations responding to the survey. RFID tags and spray-on code marking show promise for the near future. C1 [Murphy, Glen] Oregon State Univ, Forest Engn Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pilkerton, Stephen] US Bur Mines, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Murphy, G (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Forest Engn Dept, Peavy 271, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM glen.murphy@oregonstate.edu FU USDA FX Glen Murphy (glen.murphy@oregonstate.edu), Forest Engineering Department, Oregon State University, Peavy 271, Corvallis, OR 97331. Joshua A. Clark, Oregon State University. Stephen Pilkerton, Albany, OR 97321. We thank the USDA Special Grant program Wood Utilization Research for financially supporting this project. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD APR PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.5849/wjaf.11-027 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 933ZN UT WOS:000303407200004 ER PT J AU Liang, WZ Ji, YD Nan, TX Huang, J Bi, ZX Zeng, HZ Du, H Chen, CL Jia, QX Lin, Y AF Liang, Weizheng Ji, Yanda Nan, Tianxiang Huang, Jiang Bi, Zhenxing Zeng, Huizhong Du, Hui Chen, Chonglin Jia, Quanxi Lin, Yuan TI Growth Dynamics of Barium Titanate Thin Films on Polycrystalline Ni Foils Using Polymer-Assisted Deposition Technique SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE polymer-assisted deposition; barium titanate; thin films; nickel foils; hydrogen peroxide ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; BUFFER LAYERS; BATIO3; MICROSTRUCTURE; SRTIO3; OXIDE AB Polymer-assisted deposition (PAD) technique was developed to fabricate ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) thin films directly on polycrystalline nickel foils. The growth dynamics was systematically studied to optimize the single-phase BTO films with good dielectric properties. It is critical to pretreat nickel foils with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution to form thin nickel oxide layers on the surfaces for the growth of BTO films. Both the concentration of H2O2 solution and the pretreated time were found to strongly affect the dielectric constant of BTO films, which may be associated with the oxygen diffusion from nickel oxide buffer layers to BTO layers during annealing. The BTO thin films with optimized growth conditions have good crystal structure and electrical properties, suggesting that the as-grown BTO films by PAD technique can be utilized for new devices development and energy storage applications. C1 [Liang, Weizheng; Ji, Yanda; Nan, Tianxiang; Huang, Jiang; Zeng, Huizhong; Du, Hui; Lin, Yuan] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Elect Thin Films & Integrated Devic, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Chonglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Chen, Chonglin] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chen, Chonglin] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Bi, Zhenxing; Jia, Quanxi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lin, Y (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Elect Thin Films & Integrated Devic, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM linyuan@uestc.edu.cn RI Ji, Yanda/C-9366-2013; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; lin, yuan/B-9955-2013; Nan, Tianxiang/O-3820-2015; Nan, Tianxiang/A-8020-2016; OI Ji, Yanda/0000-0001-9979-6982; Nan, Tianxiang/0000-0001-6804-2029 FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB301705]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [60976061, 11028409]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [ZYGX2009Z0001]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant 2011CB301705, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60976061 and 11028409), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (ZYGX2009Z0001). The work at Los Alamos was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396). Q.X.J. also acknowledges the support from the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD APR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 2199 EP 2203 DI 10.1021/am300205t PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 930LC UT WOS:000303139900046 PM 22471673 ER PT J AU Wang, R Yan, FN Qiu, DL Jeong, JS Jin, QL Kim, TY Chen, LH AF Wang, Rong Yan, Funing Qiu, Dengli Jeong, Jae-Sun Jin, Qiaoling Kim, Tae-Young Chen, Liaohai TI Traceless Cross-Linker for Photocleavable Bioconjugation SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLABILE PROTECTING GROUPS; FORCE MICROSCOPY; DRUG DISCOVERY; BINDING-SITE; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; LIGANDS; TARGET; CELLS; SURFACES AB Photoresponsive bioconjugation empowers the development of novel methods for drug discovery, disease diagnosis, and high-throughput screening, among others. In this paper, we report on the characteristics of a traceless photocleavable cross-linker, di-6-(3-succinimidyl carbonyloxymethyl-4-nitro-phenoxy)-hexanoic acid disulfide diethanol ester (SCNE). The traceless feature and the biocompatibility of this photocleavable cross-linking reagent were corroborated. Consequently, we demonstrated its application in reversible phage particle immobilization that could provide a platform for direct single-phage screening. We also applied it in protein-photoprinting, where SCNE acts as a "photo-eraser" to remove the cross-linked protein molecules at a desired region in a simple, clean, and light-controllable fashion. We further demonstrated the two-tier atomic force microscopic (AFM) method that uses SCNE to carry out two subsequent AFM tasks in situ. The approach allows guided protein delivery and subsequent high-resolution imaging at the same local area, thus opening up the possibility of monitoring protein functions in live cells. The results imply that SCNE is a versatile cross-linker that can be used for a wide range of applications where photocleavage ensures clean and remote-controllable release of biological molecules from a substrate. C1 [Wang, Rong; Yan, Funing; Qiu, Dengli; Jeong, Jae-Sun; Kim, Tae-Young] IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Jin, Qiaoling; Chen, Liaohai] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, R (reprint author), IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Life Sci Bldg,3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM wangr@iit.edu; l.hchen@anl.gov FU National Institute of Health [R01 NS047719] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (R01 NS047719). NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 4 BP 705 EP 713 DI 10.1021/bc200343u PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 927BG UT WOS:000302881300005 PM 22432929 ER PT J AU Cannon, WR Talley, ND Danzig, BA Liu, XM Martinez, JS Shreve, AP MacDonald, G AF Cannon, William R. Talley, Nathaniel D. Danzig, Brittany A. Liu, Xiaomei Martinez, Jennifer S. Shreve, Andrew P. MacDonald, Gina TI Ion specific influences on the stability and unfolding transitions of a naturally aggregating protein; RecA SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hofmeister series; Salt; RecA; Circular dichroism; Aggregation; Unfolding ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI RECA; HOFMEISTER SERIES; NUCLEOPROTEIN FILAMENTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SALT-SOLUTIONS; DNA; WATER; PEPTIDE; CONFORMATION; HYDRATION AB The Escherichia coli RecA protein is a naturally aggregated protein complex that is affected by the presence of salts. In order to gain further insight into the nature of the ion-interactions on a naturally aggregating protein we used circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to study the effects of different concentrations of MgCl2, CaCl2, NaCl, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 on RecA structure and thermal unfolding. The results show unique ion influences on RecA structure, aggregation, unfolding transitions and stability and the anion effects correlate with the reverse Hofmeister series. The mechanisms of the ion-induced changes most likely result from specific ion binding, changes in the interfacial tension and altered protein-solvent interactions that may be especially important for protein-protein interactions in naturally aggregating proteins. The presence of some ions leads to the formation of RecA complexes that are resistant to complete denaturation and nonspecific aggregation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cannon, William R.; Talley, Nathaniel D.; Danzig, Brittany A.; MacDonald, Gina] James Madison Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Liu, Xiaomei; Martinez, Jennifer S.; Shreve, Andrew P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Shreve, Andrew P.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Biomed Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Shreve, Andrew P.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP MacDonald, G (reprint author), James Madison Univ, Dept Chem, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. EM macdongx@jmu.edu FU NSF [RUI-081476, RUI-0814716]; NSF-REU [0754521]; NSF-MRI; [CHE-0420877] FX This research was supported by NSF RUI-081476, NSF-REU 0754521, NSF-MRI and CHE-0420877. We would like to acknowledge NSF-REU participants Princess Bembong and Emanuel Lubert for their initial studies that led to the work presented in this paper. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000).; This research was supported by NSF RUI-0814716, NSF-REU 0754521, NSF MRI CHE-0420877. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 163 BP 56 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.bpc.2012.02.005 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA 931NF UT WOS:000303225900006 PM 22414801 ER PT J AU Knapp, AK Smith, MD Hobbie, SE Collins, SL Fahey, TJ Hansen, GJA Landis, DA La Pierre, KJ Melillo, JM Seastedt, TR Shaver, GR Webster, JR AF Knapp, Alan K. Smith, Melinda D. Hobbie, Sarah E. Collins, Scott L. Fahey, Timothy J. Hansen, Gretchen J. A. Landis, Douglas A. La Pierre, Kimberly J. Melillo, Jerry M. Seastedt, Timothy R. Shaver, Gaius R. Webster, Jackson R. TI Past, Present, and Future Roles of Long-Term Experiments in the LTER Network SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE climate change; global change; long-term research; LTER Network; multifactor experiments ID ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PROGRAM; CALCIUM ADDITION; SOYBEAN APHID; ARCTIC TUNDRA; HUBBARD-BROOK; SPECIES LOSS; SUGAR MAPLE; TOP-DOWN; ECOSYSTEM; FOREST AB The US National Science Foundation funded Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network supports a large (around 240) and diverse portfolio of long-term ecological experiments. Collectively, these long-term experiments have (a) provided unique insights into ecological patterns and processes, although such insight often became apparent only after many years of study; (b) influenced management and policy decisions; and (c) evolved into research platforms supporting studies and involving investigators who were not part of the original design. Furthermore, this suite of long-term experiments addresses, at the site level, all of the US National Research Council's Grand Challenges in Environmental Sciences. Despite these contributions, we argue that the scale and scope of global environmental change requires a more-coordinated multisite approach to long-term experiments, ideally, such an approach would include a network of spatially extensive multifactor experiments, designed in collaboration with ecological modelers that would build on and extend the unique context provided by the LTER Network. C1 [Knapp, Alan K.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Knapp, Alan K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Smith, Melinda D.; La Pierre, Kimberly J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA. [Hobbie, Sarah E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Collins, Scott L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Fahey, Timothy J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hansen, Gretchen J. A.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Landis, Douglas A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Landis, Douglas A.] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Melillo, Jerry M.; Shaver, Gaius R.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Seastedt, Timothy R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Seastedt, Timothy R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Webster, Jackson R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Knapp, AK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM aknapp@colostate.edu RI Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Collins, Scott/P-7742-2014; OI Collins, Scott/0000-0002-0193-2892; La Pierre, Kimberly/0000-0001-7056-4547; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X NR 65 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 9 U2 76 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD APR PY 2012 VL 62 IS 4 BP 377 EP 389 DI 10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.9 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 927RK UT WOS:000302927600009 ER PT J AU Taylor, KE Stouffer, RJ Meehl, GA AF Taylor, Karl E. Stouffer, Ronald J. Meehl, Gerald A. TI AN OVERVIEW OF CMIP5 AND THE EXPERIMENT DESIGN SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; CLIMATE-CHANGE RESEARCH C1 [Taylor, Karl E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Stouffer, Ronald J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Meehl, Gerald A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Taylor, KE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM taylor13@llnl.gov RI Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011 OI Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science; U.S. DOE by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX There are many individuals who have contributed in substantive ways to the CMIP5 experiment design. Pierre Friedlingstein, Olivier Boucher, Mark Webb, Jonathan Gregory, and Myles Allen have made particularly important suggestions and comments that have substantially altered and improved the design of the suite of long-term experiments. Additional helpful suggestions have been provided by Sandrine Bony, Pascale Braconnot, Peter Cox, Veronika Eyring, Greg Flato, Nathan Gillett, Marco Giorgetta, Bala Govindasamy, Wilco Hazeleger, Gabi Hegerl, Chris Jones, Gareth Jones, Masihide Kimoto, Ben Kirtman, Corinne LeQuere, David Lobell, Jason Lowe, Mike MacCracken, John Mitchell, James Murphy, Tim Palmer, Ben Santer, Cath Senior, Detlef Stammer, Bjorn Stevens, Tim Stockdale, Daithi Stone, Peter Stott, and Keith Williams. We likely have omitted here several other contributors to CMIP5, and to them we apologize. Work by K. E. Taylor is supported by the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science and was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 23 TC 3095 Z9 3204 U1 61 U2 537 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 93 IS 4 BP 485 EP 498 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 930BO UT WOS:000303110900004 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Johnson, J Wang, XY Lu, QM AF Lin Yu Johnson, Jay Wang XueYi Lu QuanMing TI Simulation of mode conversion at the magnetopause SO CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN LA English DT Review DE mode conversion; magnetopause; wave interaction; kinetic Alfven wave (KAW) ID KINETIC ALFVEN WAVES; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMA SHEET IONS; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SUBSOLAR MAGNETOPAUSE; HYDROMAGNETIC-WAVES; ISEE-2 OBSERVATIONS; WIND OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR-WIND AB Two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) hybrid simulations are carried out for mode conversion from fast mode compressional wave to kinetic Alfven waves (KAWs) at the inhomogeneous magnetopause boundary. For cases in which the incident fast wave propagates in the xz plane, with the magnetopause normal along x and the background magnetic field pointing along z, the 2-D (xz) simulation shows that KAWs with large wave number k(x)rho(i) similar to 1 are generated near the Alfven resonance surface, where rho(i) is the ion Larmor radius. Several nonlinear wave properties are manifest in the mode conversion process. Harmonics of the driver frequency are generated. As a result of nonlinear wave interaction, the mode conversion region and its spectral width are broadened. In the 3-D simulation, after this first stage of the mode conversion to KAWs with large k(x), a subsequent generation of KAW modes of finite k(y) is observed in the later stage, through a nonlinear parametric decay process. Since the nonlinear cascade to k(y) can lead to massive transport at the magnetopause, the simulation results provide an effective transport mechanism at the plasma boundaries in space as well as laboratory plasmas. C1 [Lin Yu; Wang XueYi] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Lin Yu; Lu QuanMing] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Jay] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lin, Y (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ylin@physics.auburn.edu FU NSFC [41028003, 40890163]; NSF [ATM-0852682, ATM-0646442, ATM0902730]; NASA [NNX10AK97G]; PPPL by NASA [NNG07EK691, NNH07AF371, NNH09AM531, NNH09AK631, NNH11AQ461]; DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX Computer resources were provided by NAS and ASC. This work was supported by NSFC grants (41028003 and 40890163), NSF grants (ATM-0852682 and ATM-0646442) and NASA grant NNX10AK97G to Auburn University, and at PPPL by NASA grants (NNG07EK691, NNH07AF371, NNH09AM531, NNH09AK631, and NNH11AQ461), NSF grant ATM0902730, and DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-6538 J9 CHINESE SCI BULL JI Chin. Sci. Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 57 IS 12 SI SI BP 1375 EP 1383 DI 10.1007/s11434-012-5056-8 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 931KM UT WOS:000303218800005 ER PT J AU Lawson, T Kramer, DM Raines, CA AF Lawson, Tracy Kramer, David M. Raines, Christine A. TI Improving yield by exploiting mechanisms underlying natural variation of photosynthesis SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CALVIN CYCLE ACTIVITY; CARBON ASSIMILATION; STOMATAL RESPONSES; BIOCHEMICAL LIMITATIONS; PLANT PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; LIGHT REGULATION; TOBACCO PLANTS; C-3 PLANTS; DEHYDROGENASE AB Increasing photosynthesis in C3 species has been identified as an approach to increase the yield of crop plants. Most of our knowledge of photosynthetic performance has come from studies n which plants were grown in controlled growth conditio is but plants in natural environments have to cope with unpredictable and rapidly changing conditions. Plants adapt to the light environment in which they grow and this is demonstrated by the differences in anatomy and morphology of leave3 in sun and shade leaves. Superimposed on this are the dynamic responses of plants to rapid changes in the light environment that occur throughout the day. Application of next generation sequencing (NGS), QTL analysis and innovative phenomic screening can provide information to underpin approaches for breeding of higher yielding crop plants. C1 [Lawson, Tracy; Raines, Christine A.] Univ Essex, Dept Biol Sci, Colchester CO3 4JE, Essex, England. [Kramer, David M.] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Raines, CA (reprint author), Univ Essex, Dept Biol Sci, Colchester CO3 4JE, Essex, England. EM rainc@essex.ac.uk OI Lawson, Tracy/0000-0002-4073-7221 NR 48 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 8 U2 57 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 215 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.012 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 931LF UT WOS:000303220700016 PM 22296828 ER PT J AU Leyva-Guerrero, E Narayanan, NN Ihemere, U Sayre, RT AF Leyva-Guerrero, Elisa Narayanan, Narayanan N. Ihemere, Uzoma Sayre, Richard T. TI Iron and protein biofortification of cassava: lessons learned SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MANIHOT-ESCULENTA CRANTZ; MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; CYANIDE METABOLISM; HIGHER-PLANTS; STAPLE FOOD; EXPRESSION; KONZO; CYANOGENESIS; HOMEOSTASIS AB Over two hundred and fifty million Africans rely on the starchy root crop cassava (Manihot esculenta) as their primary source of calories. Cassava roots, however, have the lowest protein:anergy ratio of all the world's major staple crops. Furthermore, a typical cassava-based diet provides less than 10-20% of the required amounts of iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin E. The BioCassava Plus program employed modern biotechnologies to improve the health of Africans through development and delivery of novel cassava germplasm with increased nutrient levels. Here we describe the development of molecular strategies and their outcomes to meet minimum daily allowances for protein and iron in cassava based diets. We demonstrate that cyanogens play a central role in cassava nitrogen metabolism and that strategies employed to increase root protein levels result in reduced cyanogen levels in roots. We also demonstrate that enhancing root iron uptake has an impact on the expression of genes that regulate iron homeostasis in multiple tissues. These observations demonstrate the complex metabolic interactions involved in enhancing targeted nutrient levels in plants and identify potential new strategies for further enhancing nutrient levels in cassava. C1 [Sayre, Richard T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Leyva-Guerrero, Elisa; Narayanan, Narayanan N.] Phycal Sugar LLC, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Ihemere, Uzoma] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Sayre, RT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, New Mexico Consortium, 4200 W Jemez Rd, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rsayre@newmexicoconsortium.org OI Sayre, Richard/0000-0002-3153-7084 FU Bill and Melinda Gatess Foundation FX I would also like to acknowledge the Bill and Melinda Gatess Foundation for their support. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 44 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.009 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 931LF UT WOS:000303220700022 PM 22226461 ER PT J AU Sanbonmatsu, KY AF Sanbonmatsu, Karissa Y. TI Computational studies of molecular machines: the ribosome SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELONGATION-FACTOR TU; PROTEIN-CONDUCTING CHANNEL; PEPTIDE-BOND FORMATION; AMINOACYL-TRANSFER-RNA; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; A-SITE; BACTERIAL RIBOSOME; EXIT TUNNEL; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE AB The past decade has produced an avalanche of experimental data on the structure and dynamics of the ribosome. Groundbreaking studies in structural biology and kinetics have placed important constraints on ribosome structural dynamics. However, a gulf remains between static structures and time dependent data. In particular, X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM studies produce static models of the ribosome in various states, but lack dynamic information. Single molecule studies produce information on the rates of transitions between these states but do not have high-resolution spatial information. Computational studies have aided in bridging this gap by providing atomic resolution simulations of structural fluctuations and transitions between configurations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sanbonmatsu, KY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kys@lanl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM072686] NR 74 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 28 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2012.01.008 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 933NI UT WOS:000303368400007 PM 22336622 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, LS Haft, RJF Forest, KT AF McLaughlin, Lorraine S. Haft, Rembrandt J. F. Forest, Katrina T. TI Structural insights into the Type II secretion nanomachine SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PILUS BIOGENESIS PROTEIN; N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; INNER MEMBRANE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OUTER-MEMBRANE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; THERMUS-THERMOPHILUS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AB The Type II secretion nanomachine transports folded proteins across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Recent X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, and molecular modeling studies provide structural insights into three functionally and spatially connected units of this nanomachine: the cytoplasmic and inner membrane energy-harvesting complex, the periplasmic helical pseudopilus, and the outer membrane secretin. Key advances include cryo-EM reconstruction of the secretin and demonstration that it interacts with both secreted substrates and a crucial transmembrane clamp protein, plus a biochemical and structural explanation of the role of low-abundance pseudopilins in initiating pseudopilus growth. Combining structures and protein interactions, we synthesize a 3D view of the complete complex consistent with a stepwise pathway in which secretin oligomerization defines sites of nanomachine biogenesis. C1 [McLaughlin, Lorraine S.; Forest, Katrina T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Haft, Rembrandt J. F.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Forest, KT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, 1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM forest@bact.wisc.edu FU NIH [GM59271]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Biotechnology Training Grant [T32GM008349] FX Wim Hol and Tamir Gonen generously provided the co-ordinates for the N0-N3 domains of GspD modeled into the EM density map. Olivera Francetic kindly provided the atomic model for the PulG pseudopilus and an in-press manuscript. We are grateful to Rome Voulhoux for many fruitful discussions. Work on the T4P and T2SS in the Forest lab is supported by the NIH (GM59271). RJFH was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). LSM was supported in part by a Biotechnology Training Grant (T32GM008349). NR 63 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 15 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X EI 1879-033X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2012.02.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 933NI UT WOS:000303368400012 PM 22425326 ER PT J AU Rao, MM Li, WS Cairns, EJ AF Rao, Mumin Li, Weishan Cairns, Elton J. TI Porous carbon-sulfur composite cathode for lithium/sulfur cells SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Porous carbon; Sulfur composite; Cathode; Lithium/sulfur cell ID BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTE; PERFORMANCE AB A unique porous carbon was prepared using a polymer mixture of polyacrylonitrile and poly(methylmethacrylate). Sulfur was incorporated into this porous carbon via a new simple solution chemical deposition method. This novel porous carbon-sulfur composite showed high reversible capacity, good capacity retention and good rate capability when used as the cathode in rechargeable Li/S cells. The electrochemical results show that porous carbon-sulfur composite with 53.7 wt.% S maintains a stable discharge capacity of more than 740 mA h g(-1)-sulfur after 100 cycles. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rao, Mumin; Cairns, Elton J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rao, Mumin; Li, Weishan] S China Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Rao, Mumin; Cairns, Elton J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cairns, EJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liwsh@scnu.edu.cn; ejcairns@lbl.gov RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 23 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 9 U2 118 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 17 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.12.022 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 931NQ UT WOS:000303227000001 ER PT J AU Gaur, S Pakhare, D Wu, HY Haynes, DJ Spivey, JJ AF Gaur, Sarthak Pakhare, Devendra Wu, Hongyi Haynes, Daniel J. Spivey, James J. TI CO2 Reforming of CH4 over Ru-Substituted Pyrochlore Catalysts: Effects of Temperature and Reactant Feed Ratio SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED RHODIUM CATALYSTS; PARTIAL OXIDATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SYNTHESIS GAS; NICKEL-CATALYSTS; METHANE; NANOPARTICLES; CONVERSION; XPS; RH AB Dry reforming of methane (DRM) was performed on a 1% Ru-substituted lanthanum strontium zirconate pyrochlore, La1.97Sr0.03Ru0.05Zr1.95O7 (LSRuZ), and results were compared to a commercially available 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 catalyst at different bed temperatures and reactant feed ratios. X-ray diffraction of the fresh LSRuZ confirmed the formation of the La2Zr2O7 pyrochlore face-centered crystal lattice using a modified Pechini synthesis procedure. Results from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on the fresh calcined pyrochlore showed the presence of RuO2, which was also present along with both RuO3 and RuO4 in the 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 catalyst. Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) showed that Ru was reducible in both catalysts, but the primary TPR peak for Ru reduction was 140 degrees C higher for the LSRuZ pyrochlore than that for 0.5% Ru/Al2O3, consistent with the incorporation of Ru within the pyrochlore. The effect of the CH4/CO2 feed ratio on the activity was studied by varying the feed ratio as 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 at a constant temperature of 785 degrees C. At 635 degrees C, 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 showed higher apparent CO2 conversion (X-CO2) and a lower H-2/CO ratio in the product gas than the LSRuZ pyrochlore, suggesting that the extent of the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction was greater on 0.5% Ru/Al2O3. At 835 degrees C, equilibrium conversions of CH4 and CO2 were reached on both catalysts and remained constant with time over 7 h. There were no significant differences in X-CO2 and X-CH4 between the two catalysts with time on stream at 735 and 835 degrees C. The effects of the CH4/CO2 inlet feed ratio on products was also studied at a constant space velocity for both catalysts. Results showed that, for CH4/CO2 = 1:2, X-CO2 for 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 was 70% and a H-2/CO ratio of about 0.60 compared to 62% and 0.63 for the pyrochlore. The higher X-CO2 and lower H-2/CO ratio for 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 suggest that the RWGS reaction on this catalyst is kinetically faster than on LSRuZ. For CH4/CO2 = 2:1, X-CH4 of 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 was 62% and that for pyrochlore was 58%. This small but statistically significant difference indicates slightly higher CH4 decomposition over 0.5% Ru/Al2O3 than pyrochlore at this feed ratio. Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) of the post-run catalysts showed that the LSRuZ catalyst formed less oxidizable carbon per gram of reducible Ru (g(carbon)/g(Ru)) compared to 0.5% Ru/Al2O3, likely because of the greater oxygen ion mobility in the pyrochlore. C1 [Gaur, Sarthak; Pakhare, Devendra; Spivey, James J.] Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Gaur, Sarthak; Pakhare, Devendra; Spivey, James J.] Louisiana State Univ, CALCD, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wu, Hongyi] Southern Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA. [Haynes, Daniel J.] US Dept Energy DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Spivey, JJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jjspivey@lsu.edu FU CALCD, an Energy Frontier Research Center; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. DOE [DE-SC0001058] FX This material is based on work supported as part of the CALCD, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. DOE, under Award DE-SC0001058. We thank Wanda LeBlanc at LSU for helping in obtaining and analyzing the XRD data. Help by Kim Hutchison at North Carolina State University and Dr. Xie at LSU is greatly appreciated for providing ICP and SEM data, respectively. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 69 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1989 EP 1998 DI 10.1021/ef300158y PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927QG UT WOS:000302924400001 ER PT J AU He, X Ratcliff, MA Zig, BT AF He, Xin Ratcliff, Matthew A. Zig, Bradley T. TI Effects of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Operating Parameters on Particle Number Emissions SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB A single-cylinder, wall-guided, spark ignition direct injection engine was used to study the impact of engine operating parameters on engine-out particle number (PN) emissions. Experiments were conducted with certification gasoline and a splash blend of 20% fuel grade ethanol in gasoline (E20), at four steady-state engine operating conditions. Independent engine control parameter sweeps were conducted including start of injection, injection pressure, spark timing, exhaust cam phasing, intake cam phasing, and air fuel ratio. The results show that fuel injection timing is the dominant factor impacting PN emissions from this wall-guided gasoline direct injection engine. The major factor causing high PN emissions is fuel liquid impingement on the piston bowl. By avoiding fuel impingement, more than an order of magnitude reduction in PN emission was observed. Increasing fuel injection pressure reduces PN emissions because of smaller fuel droplet size and faster fuel air mixing. PN emissions are insensitive to cam phasing and spark timing, especially at high engine load. Cold engine conditions produce higher PN emissions than hot engine conditions due to slower fuel vaporization and thus less fuel air homogeneity during the combustion process. E20 produces lower PN emissions at low and medium loads if fuel liquid impingement on piston bowl is avoided. At high load or if there is fuel liquid impingement on piston bowl and/or cylinder wall, E20 tends to produce higher PN emissions. This is probably a function of the higher heat of vaporization of ethanol, which slows the vaporization of other fuel components from surfaces and may create local fuel-rich combustion or even pool-fires. C1 [He, Xin; Ratcliff, Matthew A.; Zig, Bradley T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP He, X (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 1634, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xin.he@nrel.gov RI He, Xin/I-4240-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors wish to thank Kevin Stork of the U.S. Department of Energy for his support of this research through the Vehicle Technologies Program. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 2014 EP 2027 DI 10.1021/ef201917p PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927QG UT WOS:000302924400004 ER PT J AU Ksepko, E Siriwardane, RV Tian, HJ Simonyi, T Sciazko, M AF Ksepko, Ewelina Siriwardane, Ranjani V. Tian, Hanjing Simonyi, Thomas Sciazko, Marek TI Effect of H2S on Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas over Fe-Mn Oxides Supported on Sepiolite, ZrO2, and Al2O3 SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN CARRIERS; FLUIDIZED-BED; METAL-OXIDE; IRON-OXIDE; METHANE; REACTOR; SYSTEM; REACTIVITY; SEPARATION; REDUCTION AB The performance of Fe-Mn oxide oxygen carriers supported on sepiolite, ZrO2, and Al2O3 with simulated synthesis gas/air in a novel combustion technology known as chemical looping combustion (CLC) was evaluated. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) and bench-scale low-pressure (10 psi) flow reactor tests were conducted to evaluate the performance. Multicycle tests were conducted in atmospheric TGA with oxygen carriers using simulated synthesis gas with and without H2S. The effect of H2S impurities on both stability and oxygen transport capacity was also evaluated. Multicycle CLC tests were conducted in the bench-scale flow reactor at 800 degrees C with selected samples as well. Chemical-phase composition was investigated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Five-cycle TGA tests at 800-900 degrees C indicated that all oxygen carriers exhibited stable performance. It was interesting to note that there was complete reduction oxidation of the oxygen carrier during the five-cycle test. Fractional reduction, fractional oxidation, and global reaction rates were calculated from the data. It was found that the support-type had a significant effect on both fractional reduction oxidation and reaction rate. The oxidation reaction was significantly faster than the reduction reaction for all oxygen carriers. The presence of H2S in the synthesis gas resulted in a positive effect on the reaction rate. Bench-scale low-pressure flow reactor data indicate stable reactivity, full consumption of oxygen from the oxygen carrier, and complete combustion of H-2 and CO. XRD data of samples showed stable crystalline phases without the formation of sulfides or sulfites/sulfates and complete regeneration of the oxygen carrier. C1 [Siriwardane, Ranjani V.; Tian, Hanjing; Simonyi, Thomas] US DOE, NETL, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Ksepko, Ewelina; Sciazko, Marek] Inst Chem Proc Coal, PL-41803 Zabrze, Poland. RP Siriwardane, RV (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 10940, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM ranjani.siriwardane@netl.doe.gov RI Ksepko, Ewelina/D-7806-2016 FU Polish Ministry of Higher Education and Science [685/N-USA/2010/0] FX This study was partially financed by the Polish Ministry of Higher Education and Science (Project 685/N-USA/2010/0). NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 2461 EP 2472 DI 10.1021/ef201441k PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927QG UT WOS:000302924400054 ER PT J AU Fauth, DJ Gray, ML Pennline, HW Krutka, HM Sjostrom, S Ault, AM AF Fauth, D. J. Gray, M. L. Pennline, H. W. Krutka, H. M. Sjostrom, S. Ault, A. M. TI Investigation of Porous Silica Supported Mixed-Amine Sorbents for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVE; METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOLID SORBENTS; ADSORPTION; ADSORBENTS; PERFORMANCE; CAPACITY; DESIGN; MCM-41 AB Prospective post-combustion CO2 capture sorbents were prepared by the immobilization of a low-molecular-weight, branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) and 3-(aminopropyptriethoxysilane (APTES) within a commercially available porous PQ Corporation CS-2129 silica support to investigate (i) CO2 adsorption properties of the supported mixed-amine (PEI+APTES) sorbents in both pure CO2 environments and simulated flue gas conditions, (ii) their thermal and hydrolytic stability over numerous adsorption and desorption cycles, and (iii) their equilibrium and kinetic adsorption behavior. Initial CO2 adsorption desorption measurements via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted in pure CO2 to measure dry, near-equilibrium CO2 adsorption capacities, together in calculating amine efficiencies, which was recognized in being a meaningful criterion in evaluating sorbent performance for selecting the "most favorable" mixed-amine (PEI+APTES) composition. The as-prepared materials containing various weight ratios of PEI to APTES showed less uptake of CO2, relative to the supported PEI-only impregnated material under investigated TGA experimental conditions. Nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms in evaluating the physical properties of the synthesized mixed-amine (PEI+APTES) samples showed reduced values specific to surface area, and total pore volume largely predictable from the successful incorporation of PEI multilayers into the structure of the porous silica matrix, together with unreacted APTES moieties remaining behind after material synthesis. Breakthrough curves produced by (PEI-15-APTES-35)-PQCS2129, (PEI-25-APTES-25)-PQCS2129, (PEI-35-APTES-15)-PQCS2129, and (PEI-50)-PQCS2129 showed mean near-equilibrium CO2 adsorption capacities of 1.81 +/- 0.17, 2.43 +/- 0.26, 2.44 +/- 0.19, and 2.44 +/- 0.45 mol CO2/kg of sorbent, respectively, over multiple CO2 adsorption desorption cycles utilizing a 10% CO2, 8% H2O (balance, He stream) at 60 degrees C and 1.01 bar for adsorption; followed by regeneration in a He stream containing 90 vol% water vapor at 105 C. From these studies, (PEI-25-APTES-25)-PQCS2129 and (PEI-35-APTES-15)-PQCS2129 exhibited a higher CO2 capturing efficiency (absorbed amount of CO2 per gram of PEI), relative to (PEI-50)-PQCS2129, indicating the PEI/APTES interface (i.e., interaction between layers of surface alkyl chains associated with APTES and PEI) is perhaps contributing to improving the deposition/dispersion of PEI, thereby decreasing the diffusion resistance with regard to CO2 entering into the bulk of the PEI multilayers. Conversely, the lower amine efficiency of (PEI-50)-PQCS2129 can be ascribed to the possible clustering of the PEI molecules from the higher PEI loading, resulting in a decrease of accessible amine sites and creating a higher diffusional resistance in connection with CO2 molecules penetrating into the majority of layers of PEI. Near-equilibrium CO2 adsorption measurements of (PEI-25-APTES-25)-PQCS2129 in utilizing the laboratory-scale, fixed-bed flow reactor system located at ADA-ES (Littleton, CO) displayed ranges of 2.70-3.45 mol CO2/kg sorbent at 40 degrees C under different CO2 partial pressures. The (PEI-, 25-APTES-25)-PQCS2129 material showed a relatively stable performance over many adsorption desorption cycles (i.e. , >250 cycles) under humidified simulated flue gas conditions, along with a higher amine efficiency relative to the (PEI-50)-PQCS2129 sample ("PEI-only" sample). In fitting the experimental data of ADA-ES, the Langmuir isotherm model was determined to be an acceptable representation of the observed thermodynamics. C1 [Fauth, D. J.; Gray, M. L.; Pennline, H. W.] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Krutka, H. M.; Sjostrom, S.; Ault, A. M.] ADA Environm Solut, Unit B, Littleton, CO 80120 USA. RP Fauth, DJ (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM daniel.fauth@netl.doe.gov; mac.gray@netl.doe.gov; hollyk@adaes.com FU U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-NT0005649]; American Electric Power; Ameren; EPRI; Luminant; North American Power Group; Southern Company; Xcel Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the organizations that provided both financial and technical support for this project. Support for the ADA-ES portion of this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (DE-NT0005649), with additional cost share from American Electric Power, Ameren, EPRI, Luminant, North American Power Group, Southern Company, and Xcel Energy. The authors also want to gratefully acknowledge Drs. Brian Kail, Sonna Hammache, Sheila Hedges, and James Hoffman for their active participation related to the planning, scheduling, and implementation of NETL experimental fixed-bed flow system and thermal analysis (e.g., TGA, DSC) testing. NR 46 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 6 U2 119 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 2483 EP 2496 DI 10.1021/ef201578a PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927QG UT WOS:000302924400056 ER PT J AU Perry, RJ Wood, BR Genovese, S O'Brien, MJ Westendorf, T Meketa, ML Farnum, R McDermott, J Sultanova, I Perry, TM Vipperla, RK Wichmann, LA Enick, RM Hong, L Tapriyal, D AF Perry, Robert J. Wood, Benjamin R. Genovese, Sarah O'Brien, Michael J. Westendorf, Tiffany Meketa, Matthew L. Farnum, Rachel McDermott, John Sultanova, Irina Perry, Thomas M. Vipperla, Ravi-Kumar Wichmann, Lisa A. Enick, Robert M. Hong, Lei Tapriyal, Deepak TI CO2 Capture Using Phase-Changing Sorbents SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; POWER-PLANTS; ABSORPTION; MONOETHANOLAMINE; PERFORMANCE; SOLUBILITY; CORROSION; MEA; ALKANOLAMINES; EQUILIBRIUM AB A novel method for the postcombustion capture of CO2 from coal-fired power plants has been described utilizing an aminosilicone absorbent. 1,3-Bis(3-aminopropy1)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldsiloxane (GAP-0) rapidly transforms from a low viscosity liquid to a friable solid upon exposure to CO2 in simulated flue gas. This material has excellent thermal stability, low vapor pressure, high CO2 loading capability, and a large dynamic CO2 capacity between rich and lean solvent loadings. Preliminary plant and process models assembled from experimental data show a decrease in parasitic energy loss from 30% to 18% when compared to the benchmark monoethanolamine (MEA) process and a concomitant lowering of the cost of electricity (COE) from 74% to 44% increase versus a plant without carbon capture. C1 [Perry, Robert J.; Wood, Benjamin R.; Genovese, Sarah; O'Brien, Michael J.; Westendorf, Tiffany; Meketa, Matthew L.; Farnum, Rachel; McDermott, John; Sultanova, Irina] GE Global Res, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. [Perry, Thomas M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vipperla, Ravi-Kumar; Wichmann, Lisa A.] GE Energy, Greenville, SC 29615 USA. [Enick, Robert M.; Hong, Lei] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Tapriyal, Deepak] NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Perry, RJ (reprint author), GE Global Res, 1 Res Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. EM perryr@research.ge.com FU Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AR0000084]; DOE-NETL [DE-NT0005310] FX We wish to thank James Grande for image analyses, Christopher Dosch for XRD results, and Hans Grade for mass spectral information. The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under Award Number DE-AR0000084, and DOE-NETL under Award Number DE-NT0005310. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 2528 EP 2538 DI 10.1021/ef300079w PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927QG UT WOS:000302924400061 ER PT J AU Steven, B Gallegos-Graves, L Starkenburg, SR Chain, PS Kuske, CR AF Steven, Blaire Gallegos-Graves, La Verne Starkenburg, Shawn R. Chain, Patrick S. Kuske, Cheryl R. TI Targeted and shotgun metagenomic approaches provide different descriptions of dryland soil microbial communities in a manipulated field study SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIUM MICROCOLEUS-VAGINATUS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; COLORADO PLATEAU; SUCCESSIONAL STAGES; DIVERSITY; DESERT; CRUSTS; ECOSYSTEM; SEQUENCES; RESOURCE AB The extent to which different sequence-based approaches describe environmental microbial communities in comparative studies is an important consideration when deriving inferences from ecological studies. The ability of a targeted metagenomic approach [small subunit (SSU) rRNA pyrosequencing] and shotgun metagenome approaches were compared to identify distinguishing features in dryland soil microbial communities from two different habitats: biological soil crusts (biocrusts) and creosote bush root zones. A parallel comparison was conducted to determine the ability of each approach to detect community differences potentially arising from a more subtle experimental treatment, long-term elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. As expected, the biocrust datasets were clearly differentiated from root zone datasets using either of the sequencing approaches. However, the composition described by each approach was significantly different. The magnitude of comparative differences due to habitat or elevated CO2 treatment was larger with pyrosequenced SSU datasets or SSU reads recruited from shotgun metagenomes, than from SEED-classified shotgun metagenome reads. Finally, based on prior knowledge of the biocrust communities, the SSU-based datasets more accurately identified the dominant biocrust cyanobacteria sequences compared to the shotgun metagenome datasets. C1 [Steven, Blaire; Gallegos-Graves, La Verne; Starkenburg, Shawn R.; Chain, Patrick S.; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov RI Steven, Blaire/E-5295-2012; chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; OI Steven, Blaire/0000-0001-5940-2432; Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Sciences Division [2009LANLF260] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Sciences Division, through a Science Focus Area grant to C. R. K. (2009LANLF260). The 454 titanium sequencing was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute. The authors wish to thank Yvonne Rogers and Shannon Silva for excellent technical support; Lynne Fenstermeyer, Robert Nowak and Stan Smith for access to the NDFF FACE site; and Shannon Jonson, Travis Carney and Rachel Wise for sample collection. We thank Dave Evans and Jayne Belnap for valuable research interactions at the NDFF FACE site. This is LANL unclassified report LA-UR 11-10427. NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 57 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1758-2229 J9 ENV MICROBIOL REP JI Environ. Microbiol. Rep. PD APR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 248 EP 256 DI 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2012.00328.x PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 931TM UT WOS:000303242200012 PM 23757280 ER PT J AU Dilly, GF Young, CR Lane, WS Pangalinan, J Girguis, PR AF Dilly, G. F. Young, C. R. Lane, W. S. Pangalinan, J. Girguis, P. R. TI Exploring the limit of metazoan thermal tolerance via comparative proteomics: Thermally induced expression shifts in hydrothermal vent polychaetes P. sulfincola and P. palmiformis SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM geoff.dilly@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E47 EP E47 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000189 ER PT J AU Flynn, RW Kuhne, WW Scott, DE Erickson, MR Mills, GL Tuberville, TD Lance, SL AF Flynn, R. W. Kuhne, W. W. Scott, D. E. Erickson, M. R. Mills, G. L. Tuberville, T. D. Lance, S. L. TI The Lethal and Sublethal Consequences of Copper Exposure For Lithobates sphenocephalus and Gastrophryne carolinensis SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah, GA USA. EM wflynn@srel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E59 EP E59 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000235 ER PT J AU Kikuchi, K Chatterjee, S Lee, WK Stremler, MA Mochizuki, O Socha, JJ Toyo, U AF Kikuchi, K. Chatterjee, S. Lee, W. -K Stremler, M. A. Mochizuki, O. Socha, J. J. Toyo, U. TI Multi-modal pumping in drinking mosquitoes SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 [Kikuchi, K.; Chatterjee, S.; Lee, W. -K; Stremler, M. A.; Mochizuki, O.; Socha, J. J.; Toyo, U.] Virginia Tech, Argonne Natl Lab, Blacksburg, VA USA. EM jjsocha@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E93 EP E93 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000372 ER PT J AU Lance, SL Jones, KL Flynn, RW Erickson, MR Tuberville, TD Scott, DE AF Lance, S. L. Jones, K. L. Flynn, R. W. Erickson, M. R. Tuberville, T. D. Scott, D. E. TI Chronic copper exposure in southern toads, Anaxyrus terrestris: lethal, sublethal, and gene expression effects SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM lance@srel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E99 EP E99 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000395 ER PT J AU Metts, BS Buhlmann, KA Scott, DE Tuberville, TD Hopkins, WA AF Metts, B. S. Buhlmann, K. A. Scott, D. E. Tuberville, T. D. Hopkins, W. A. TI Maternal transfer of contaminants and its effect on reproduction and embryonic development in southern toads (Bufo terrestris) SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. EM metts@srel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E121 EP E121 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000482 ER PT J AU Miller, L Waters, JS Harrison, JF Vandenbrooks, JM Yager, DD Xiao, X De Carlo, F Socha, JJ AF Miller, L. Waters, J. S. Harrison, J. F. Vandenbrooks, J. M. Yager, D. D. Xiao, X. De Carlo, F. Socha, J. J. TI The use of SR-mu CT for 3D visualization of insect tracheal systems SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Arizona State U, Phoenix, AZ USA. U Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jjsocha@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E295 EP E295 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165002088 ER PT J AU Nunziata, SO Lance, SL Scott, DE AF Nunziata, Schyler O. Lance, Stacey L. Scott, David E. TI Genetic and demographic patterns of populations of Ambystoma opacum SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 [Nunziata, Schyler O.; Lance, Stacey L.; Scott, David E.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM schylernunziata@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E131 EP E131 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165000522 ER PT J AU Scott, DE Metts, BS AF Scott, D. E. Metts, B. S. TI Shifts in an isolated wetland salamander community over 30 yrs: Has climate change altered wetland hydrology? SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 [Scott, D. E.; Metts, B. S.] UGA SREL, Aiken, SC USA. EM dsopacum@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E156 EP E156 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165001090 ER PT J AU Tuberville, TD AF Tuberville, T. D. TI Maternal and paternal contributions to growth in hatchling turtles SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2012 CL Charleston, SC SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 [Tuberville, T. D.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM tracey.tuberville@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP E340 EP E340 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 930TV UT WOS:000303165002268 ER PT J AU Hardy, B Corgnale, C Chahine, R Richard, MA Garrison, S Tamburello, D Cossement, D Anton, D AF Hardy, Bruce Corgnale, Claudio Chahine, Richard Richard, Marc-Andre Garrison, Stephen Tamburello, David Cossement, Daniel Anton, Donald TI Modeling of adsorbent based hydrogen storage systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Adsorbent hydrogen storage; Adsorption hydrogen storage; MOF; Activated carbon; Adsorption hydrogen storage model; Modified Dubinin-Astakhov model ID WIDE TEMPERATURE-RANGE; GAS-ADSORPTION PROCESS; ACTIVATED CARBON; PRESSURE-VESSELS; CRYO-ADSORBER; TANK; EQUATION; MASS AB A numerical model was developed for the evaluation of adsorbent based hydrogen storage systems. The model utilizes commercial software and simultaneously solves the conservation equations for heat, mass and momentum together with the equations for the adsorbent thermodynamics. Conservation equations were derived for a general adsorbent bed-storage vessel configuration and the adsorbent thermodynamics were a modified form of the Dubinin-Astakhov model. The solver was the Comsol (TM) Multiphysics software. Real gas thermodynamic properties for hydrogen were used in the calculations. Model predictions were compared to data for charging an activated carbon based system. Applications of the model were made for charging of MOP-5 (TM). and MaxSorb (TM) based systems that employ flow-through cooling as a means for controlling the adsorbent temperature during charging. In addition, the model was used to evaluate the contribution of pressure work to the total energy released during charging. It was found that flow-through cooling has the potential to be an effective means for heat removal and that the contribution of pressure work can be significant, depending on the type of adsorbent and the charging procedure. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hardy, Bruce; Corgnale, Claudio; Garrison, Stephen; Tamburello, David; Anton, Donald] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Chahine, Richard; Cossement, Daniel] Univ Quebec Trois Rivieres, Trois Rivieres, PQ G9A 5H7, Canada. RP Hardy, B (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM bruce.hardy@srnl.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470]; U.S. Government FX This document was prepared in conjunction with work accomplished under Contract No. DE-AC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy.; This work was prepared under an agreement with and funded by the U.S. Government. Neither the U. S. Government or its employees, nor any of its contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any express or implied: 1. warranty or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy, completeness, or for the use or results of such use of any information, product, or process disclosed; or 2. representation that such use or results of such use would not infringe privately owned rights; or 3. endorsement or recommendation of any specifically identified commercial product, process, or service. Any views and opinions of authors expressed in this work do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, or its contractors, or subcontractors. NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 7 BP 5691 EP 5705 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.12.125 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 932IL UT WOS:000303284000025 ER PT J AU Strand, TM Ross, DW Thistle, HW Ragenovich, IR Guerra, IM Lamb, BK AF Strand, Tara M. Ross, Darrell W. Thistle, Harold W. Ragenovich, Iral R. Guerra, Ivonne Matos Lamb, Brian K. TI Predicting Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Antiaggregation Pheromone Concentrations Using an Instantaneous Puff Dispersion Model SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Douglas-fir beetle; Scolytinae; MCH; 3-methylcylcohex-2-en-1-one; pheromone plume ID DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE; HIGH-RISK STANDS; INFESTATION; SCOLYTIDAE; 3-METHYLCYCLOHEX-2-EN-1-ONE; DISPENSERS; HOPKINS; FORESTS AB An instantaneous puff dispersion model was used to assess concentration fields of the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), within a 1-ha circular plot. Several combinations of MCH release rate and releaser spacing were modeled to theoretically analyze optimal deployment strategies. The combinations of MCH release rate and releaser spacing used in the modeling exercise were based on results of previous field studies of treatment efficacy. Analyses of model results suggest that a release rate up to six times the initial standard, at a correspondingly wider spacing to keep the total amount of pheromone dispersed per unit area constant, may be effective at preventing Douglas-fir beetle infestation. The model outputs also provide a visual representation of pheromone dispersion patterns that can occur after deployment of release devices in the field. These results will help researchers and practitioners design more effective deployment strategies. C1 [Strand, Tara M.] Scion Res, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Strand, Tara M.] US Forest Serv, AirFire Res Team, Pacific NW Lab, USDA, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Ross, Darrell W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Thistle, Harold W.] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ragenovich, Iral R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Guerra, Ivonne Matos] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Lamb, Brian K.] Washington State Univ, Lab Atmospher Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Strand, TM (reprint author), Scion Res, 49 Sala St, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. EM Tara.Strand@scionresearch.com FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act FX We are grateful for the many contributions of Gary Daterman (deceased) to the field studies upon which the current work is based. Funding for this work was provided through the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act provided funding for the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities internship under which Matos Guerra was able to work on this project. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 105 IS 2 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1603/EC11282 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 925TL UT WOS:000302784300020 PM 22606815 ER PT J AU Guedj, J Rotman, Y Schmidt, P Albrecht, J Haynes-Williams, V Liang, JT Hoofnagle, JH Heller, T Dahari, H AF Guedj, J. Rotman, Y. Schmidt, P. Albrecht, J. Haynes-Williams, V. Liang, J. T. Hoofnagle, J. H. Heller, T. Dahari, H. TI MODELING HDV KINETICS DURING PEGYLATED INTERFERON-ALFA TREATMENT SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver (EASL) CY APR 18-22, 2012 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP European Assoc Study Liver (EASL) C1 [Guedj, J.; Dahari, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Rotman, Y.; Haynes-Williams, V.; Liang, J. T.; Hoofnagle, J. H.; Heller, T.] NIDDK, Liver Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Schmidt, P.; Albrecht, J.] Natl Inst Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Dahari, H.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. EM daharih@uic.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 56 SU 2 MA 507 BP S200 EP S200 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 931TD UT WOS:000303241301067 ER PT J AU Wozniakiewicz, PJ Kearsley, AT Ishii, HA Burchell, MJ Bradley, JP Teslich, N Cole, MJ Price, MC AF Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J. Kearsley, Anton T. Ishii, Hope A. Burchell, Mark J. Bradley, John P. Teslich, Nick Cole, Mike J. Price, Mark C. TI The origin of crystalline residues in Stardust Al foils: Surviving cometary dust or crystallized impact melts? SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HIGH-PRESSURE; CASIO3 PEROVSKITE; ALUMINUM FOILS; HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT; LABORATORY IMPACTS; MARTIAN METEORITES; PHASE-TRANSITION; 81P/WILD-2 DUST; OBLIQUE IMPACTS AB Samples returned by the Stardust mission from comet 81P/Wild 2 provide an unequaled opportunity to investigate cometary formation and evolution. Crystalline silicates have been identified in impact craters in Stardust Al foil, yet their origin is ambiguous. They may be original cometary components, or they may have grown from melt generated by impact. We have now studied experimental impacts of the calcium silicate mineral wollastonite, using scanning and transmission electron microscopy to document the relationship between impact feature shape and crystal lattice orientation in impact residue. Wollastonite can have a characteristic acicular habit, forming crater shapes that indicate crystal orientation upon impact. From extracted impact residue, we determined the lattice orientation of crystalline material for comparison with the whole particle orientation. We assume that crystallization from melt, without surviving seed nuclei, should result in randomly oriented crystallite growth, with no preferred direction for individual crystals. However, we find that the majority of crystalline material in the residue retains b-axis orientation parallel to the long axis of the crater form. This, together with impact parameter calculations and lack of Al incorporation by the residue (suggesting melting did not occur), indicates that these crystals and, by analogy, the majority of Al-free crystalline silicates in Stardust foil, are surviving remnants of the impactor. Furthermore, amorphous wollastonite residue probably did not form via melting and subsequent quenching, but instead by high-pressure amorphization or degradation of unquenchable phases. Finally, one crystal studied appears to be a new high-pressure/temperature polymorph of CaSiO3, indicating that such polymorphs may be observed in Stardust residues in craters. C1 [Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.; Ishii, Hope A.; Bradley, John P.; Teslich, Nick] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.; Kearsley, Anton T.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, Impacts & Astromat Res Ctr, London SW7 5BD, England. [Burchell, Mark J.; Cole, Mike J.; Price, Mark C.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. RP Wozniakiewicz, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pwozniakiewicz@yahoo.com OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNH07AG46I, NNH11AG46I] FX We thank NASA for providing Al foils, STFC for support of the LGG. We also thank G. Flynn, M. Zolensky, and D. Brownlee for their valuable comments and suggestions during review. Parts of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by NASA grant NNH07AG46I and NNH11AG46I to HAI. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 IS 4 BP 660 EP 670 DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01328.x PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 931SW UT WOS:000303240600012 ER PT J AU Price, MC Kearsley, AT Burchell, MJ Howard, LE Hillier, JK Starkey, NA Wozniakiewicz, PJ Cole, MJ AF Price, Mark C. Kearsley, Anton T. Burchell, Mark J. Howard, Lauren E. Hillier, Jon K. Starkey, Natalie A. Wozniakiewicz, Penny J. Cole, Mike J. TI Stardust interstellar dust calibration: Hydrocode modeling of impacts on Al-1100 foil at velocities up to 300 km s-1 and validation with experimental data SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMET 81P/WILD 2; HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT; ALUMINUM FOILS; SPACECRAFT; VISCOSITY; MISSION; METALS; SIZE AB We present initial results from hydrocode modeling of impacts on Al-1100 foils, undertaken to aid the interstellar preliminary examination (ISPE) phase for the NASA Stardust mission interstellar dust collector tray. We used Ansys AUTODYN to model impacts of micrometer-scale, and smaller projectiles onto Stardust foil (100 mu m thick Al-1100) at velocities up to 300 km s(-1). It is thought that impacts onto the interstellar dust collector foils may have been made by a combination of interstellar dust particles (ISP), interplanetary dust particles (IDP) on comet, and asteroid derived orbits, beta micrometeoroids, nanometer dust in the solar wind, and spacecraft derived secondary ejecta. The characteristic velocity of the potential impactors thus ranges from <<1 to a few km s(-1) (secondary ejecta), approximately 425 km s(-1) for ISP and IDP, up to hundreds of km s(-1) for the nanoscale dust reported by Meyer-Vernet et al. (2009). There are currently no extensive experimental calibrations for the higher velocity conditions, and the main focus of this work was therefore to use hydrocode models to investigate the morphometry of impact craters, as a means to determine an approximate impactor speed, and thus origin. The model was validated against existing experimental data for impact speeds up to approximately 30 km s(-1) for particles ranging in density from 2.4 kg m(-3) (glass) to 7.8 kg m(-3) (iron). Interpolation equations are given to predict the crater depth and diameter for a solid impactor with any diameter between 100 nm and 4 mu m and density between 2.4 and 7.8 kg m(-3). C1 [Price, Mark C.; Burchell, Mark J.; Cole, Mike J.] Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. [Kearsley, Anton T.; Howard, Lauren E.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, IARC, London SW7 5BD, England. [Hillier, Jon K.; Starkey, Natalie A.] Open Univ, PSSRI, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Wozniakiewicz, Penny J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Price, MC (reprint author), Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. EM mcp2@star.kent.ac.uk OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 FU STFC, UK; Europlanet Transnational Access (TNA) scheme; U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX M. C. P. and M. J. B thank the STFC, UK for funding. M. C. P., N. S., and J. K. H. thank the Europlanet Transnational Access (TNA) scheme for the award of Van de Graaff time and Anna Mocker and Sebastian Bugiel for running the accelerator in March 2010 and May 2011. Parts of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 IS 4 BP 684 EP 695 DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01300.x PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 931SW UT WOS:000303240600014 ER PT J AU Wozniakiewicz, PJ Ishii, HA Kearsley, AT Burchell, MJ Bradley, JP Price, MC Teslich, N Lee, MR Cole, MJ AF Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J. Ishii, Hope A. Kearsley, Anton T. Burchell, Mark J. Bradley, John P. Price, Mark C. Teslich, Nick Lee, Martin R. Cole, Mike J. TI Stardust impact analogs: Resolving pre- and postimpact mineralogy in Stardust Al foils SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; COMET 81P/WILD-2 DUST; IRON-NICKEL SULFIDES; ALUMINUM FOILS; LABORATORY IMPACTS; MARTIAN METEORITES; OBLIQUE IMPACTS; RESIDUES; AEROGEL AB The grains returned by NASAs Stardust mission from comet 81P/Wild 2 represent a valuable sample set that is significantly advancing our understanding of small solar system bodies. However, the grains were captured via impact at similar to 6.1 km s-1 and have experienced pressures and temperatures that caused alteration. To ensure correct interpretations of comet 81P/Wild 2 mineralogy, and therefore preaccretional or parent body processes, an understanding of the effects of capture is required. Using a two-stage light-gas gun, we recreated Stardust encounter conditions and generated a series of impact analogs for a range of minerals of cometary relevance into flight spare Al foils. Through analyses of both preimpact projectiles and postimpact analogs by transmission electron microscopy, we explore the impact processes occurring during capture and distinguish between those materials inherent to the impactor and those that are the product of capture. We review existing and present additional data on olivine, diopside, pyrrhotite, and pentlandite. We find that surviving crystalline material is observed in most single grain impactor residues. However, none is found in that of a relatively monodisperse aggregate. A variety of impact-generated components are observed in all samples. Al incorporation into melt-derived phases allows differentiation between melt and shock-induced phases. In single grain impactor residues, impact-generated phases largely retain original (nonvolatile) major element ratios. We conclude that both surviving and impact-generated phases in residues of single grain impactors provide valuable information regarding the mineralogy of the impacting grain whilst further studies are required to fully understand aggregate impacts and the role of subgrain interactions during impact. C1 [Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.; Ishii, Hope A.; Bradley, John P.; Teslich, Nick] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.; Kearsley, Anton T.] Nat Hist Museum, IARC, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England. [Burchell, Mark J.; Price, Mark C.; Cole, Mike J.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. [Lee, Martin R.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Wozniakiewicz, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pwozniakiewicz@yahoo.com RI Lee, Martin/D-9169-2011; OI Lee, Martin/0000-0002-6004-3622; Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNH07AG46I, NNH11AQ79I]; LDRD [09-ERI-004] FX We thank NASA for providing Al foils and STFC for support of the LGG. Billy Smith (Glasgow) is thanked for help with FIB work. We also thank G. Flynn, M. Zolensky, and D. Brownlee for their valuable comments and suggestions during review. Parts of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by grants NASA NNH07AG46I and NNH11AQ79I to HAI (LARS Program) and LDRD 09-ERI-004 to JPB. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 IS 4 BP 708 EP 728 DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01338.x PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 931SW UT WOS:000303240600016 ER PT J AU Kearsley, AT Burchell, MJ Price, MC Cole, MJ Wozniakiewicz, PJ Ishii, HA Bradley, JP Fries, M Foster, NJ AF Kearsley, Anton T. Burchell, Mark J. Price, Mark C. Cole, Michael J. Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J. Ishii, Hope A. Bradley, John P. Fries, Marc Foster, Nicholas J. TI Experimental impact features in Stardust aerogel: How track morphology reflects particle structure, composition, and density SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMET 81P/WILD-2 DUST; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SAMPLE RETURN MISSIONS; SILICA AEROGEL; HYPERVELOCITY CAPTURE; ALUMINUM FOILS; INTERPLANETARY DUST; RAMAN TECHNIQUES; ICY GRAINS; WILD 2 AB The Stardust collector shows diverse aerogel track shapes created by impacts of cometary dust. Tracks have been classified into three broad types (A, B, and C), based on relative dimensions of the elongate stylus (in Type A carrots) and broad bulb regions (Types B and C), with occurrence of smaller styli in Type B. From our experiments, using a diverse suite of projectile particles shot under Stardust cometary encounter conditions onto similar aerogel targets, we describe differences in impactor behavior and aerogel response resulting in the observed range of Stardust track shapes. We compare tracks made by mineral grains, natural and artificial aggregates of differing subgrain sizes, and diverse organic materials. Impacts of glasses and robust mineral grains generate elongate, narrow Type A tracks (as expected), but with differing levels of abrasion and lateral branch creation. Aggregate particles, both natural and artificial, of a wide range of compositions and volatile contents produce diverse Type B or C shapes. Creation of bulbous tracks is dependent upon impactor internal structure, grain size distribution, and strength, rather than overall grain density or content of volatile components. Nevertheless, pure organic particles do create Type C, or squat Type A* tracks, with length to width ratios dependent upon both specific organic composition and impactor grain size. From comparison with the published shape data for Stardust aerogel tracks, we conclude that the abundant larger Type B tracks on the Stardust collector represent impacts by particles similar to our carbonaceous chondrite meteorite powders. C1 [Kearsley, Anton T.] Nat Hist Museum, Impacts & Astromat Res Ctr, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England. [Burchell, Mark J.; Price, Mark C.; Cole, Michael J.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. [Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.; Ishii, Hope A.; Bradley, John P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Fries, Marc] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Foster, Nicholas J.] Fayetteville State Univ, SENCR MIC, Fayetteville, NC 28301 USA. RP Kearsley, AT (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Impacts & Astromat Res Ctr, Dept Mineral, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. EM a.kearsley@nhm.ac.uk OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 FU STFC; U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNH07AG46I]; LDRD [09-ERI-004] FX We thank NASA, Peter Tsou and Steve Jones of JPL, and Kyoko Okudaira for aerogel to use in experiments; STFC for funding the hypervelocity impact facilities and their staff at The University of Kent; NHM for access to electron microscopy and microanalysis facilities, for excellent work by the photographic unit, and Richie Abel in the Electron Microscopy and Mineral Analysis division for the micro-CT scanning and image rendering. Fred Horz and Brad de Gregorio made such insightful and helpful reviews that we must thank them for driving us to greatly improve this publication. Parts of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by grants: NASA NNH07AG46I to HAI & LDRD 09-ERI-004 to JPB. NR 82 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 IS 4 BP 737 EP 762 DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01363.x PG 26 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 931SW UT WOS:000303240600018 ER PT J AU Karig, DK Iyer, S Simpson, ML Doktycz, MJ AF Karig, David K. Iyer, Sukanya Simpson, Michael L. Doktycz, Mitchel J. TI Expression optimization and synthetic gene networks in cell-free systems SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID T7 RNA-POLYMERASE; FREE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LAC REPRESSOR; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION; PROMOTER SYSTEM; BIOLOGY; CONSTRUCTION AB Synthetic biology offers great promise to a variety of applications through the forward engineering of biological function. Most efforts in this field have focused on employing living cells, yet cell-free approaches offer simpler and more flexible contexts. Here, we evaluate cell-free regulatory systems based on T7 promoter-driven expression by characterizing variants of TetR and LacI repressible T7 promoters in a cell-free context and examining sequence elements that determine expression efficiency. Using the resulting constructs, we then explore different approaches for composing regulatory systems, leading to the implementation of inducible negative feedback in Escherichia coli extracts and in the minimal PURE system, which consists of purified proteins necessary for transcription and translation. Despite the fact that negative feedback motifs are common and essential to many natural and engineered systems, this simple building block has not previously been implemented in a cell-free context. As a final step, we then demonstrate that the feedback systems developed using our cell-free approach can be implemented in live E. coli as well, illustrating the potential for using cell-free expression to fast track the development of live cell systems in synthetic biology. Our quantitative cell-free component characterizations and demonstration of negative feedback embody important steps on the path to harnessing biological function in a bottom-up fashion. C1 [Karig, David K.; Simpson, Michael L.; Doktycz, Mitchel J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iyer, Sukanya; Doktycz, Mitchel J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iyer, Sukanya] Univ Tennessee, Grad Program Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Simpson, Michael L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Simpson, Michael L.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Karig, DK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM karigdk@ornl.gov; doktyczmj@ornl.gov RI Karig, David/G-5703-2011; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011 OI Karig, David/0000-0002-9508-6411; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343 FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; National Institutes of Health [EB000657] FX The authors thank Dr Dale A. Pelletier and Dr Jennifer Morrell-Falvey for helpful comments. This research was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.; The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences that is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (to D.K.K., M.L.S., M.J.D.) and National Institutes of Health (EB000657 to S.I. and M.J.D.); Funding for open access charge: National Institutes of Health (grant number EB000657). NR 92 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 36 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 8 BP 3763 EP 3774 DI 10.1093/nar/gkr1191 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 933BF UT WOS:000303333500046 PM 22180537 ER PT J AU Mohror, K Karavanic, KL AF Mohror, Kathryn Karavanic, Karen L. TI Trace profiling: Scalable event tracing on high-end parallel systems SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Performance measurement; Event tracing; Parallel performance tools ID PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; VISUALIZATION; PROGRAMS AB Accurate performance analysis of high end systems requires event-based traces to correctly identify the root cause of a number of the complex performance problems that arise on these highly parallel systems. These high-end architectures contain tens to hundreds of thousands of processors, pushing application scalability challenges to new heights. Unfortunately, the collection of event-based data presents scalability challenges itself: the large volume of collected data increases tool overhead, and results in data files that are difficult to store and analyze. Our solution to these problems is a new measurement technique called trace profiling that collects the information needed to diagnose performance problems that traditionally require traces, but at a greatly reduced data volume. The trace profiling technique reduces the amount of data stored by capitalizing on the repeated behavior of programs, and on the similarity of the behavior and performance of parallel processes in an application run. Trace profiling is a hybrid between profiling and tracing, collecting summary information about the event patterns in an application run. Because the data has already been classified into behavior categories, we can present reduced, partially analyzed performance data to the user, highlighting the performance behaviors that comprised most of the execution time. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohror, Kathryn; Karavanic, Karen L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Mohror, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Box 808,L-557, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kathryn@llnl.gov; karavan@cs.pdx.edu NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD APR-MAY PY 2012 VL 38 IS 4-5 BP 194 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2011.12.003 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 931LL UT WOS:000303221300002 ER PT J AU Tejeda, A Fagot-Revurat, Y Cortes, R Malterre, D Michel, EG Mascaraque, A AF Tejeda, Antonio Fagot-Revurat, Y. Cortes, R. Malterre, D. Michel, E. G. Mascaraque, A. TI Electron correlation and many-body effects at interfaces on semiconducting substrates SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electron correlation; Mott; polaron; semiconductor ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; CORE-LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY; MOTT-HUBBARD INSULATOR; TO-METAL TRANSITION; CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; ROOT-3 X ROOT-3; SURFACE-STATE; PHASE-TRANSITION; ALKALI-METALS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY AB Low dimensional systems are characterized by at least one spatial dimension of only some atoms. Such size reduction has often important consequences for physical properties. Electronic correlation and electron-phonon coupling can originate Mott insulators or charge density waves (CDWs), both phenomena enhanced by dimensionality reduction. Interfaces offer a natural way of reducing the dimensionality. Among all the surfaces, semiconducting surfaces are particularly well adapted for electronic correlation studies. In them, correlation is enhanced because of the low dimension, the electronic localization in dangling bonds and the large inter-orbital distances in reconstructions. Despite these factors favoring correlation, eventually stronger than in bulk systems, the field is by far much less developed. We review here the discovery of correlated surfaces, while studying the Schottky barrier of alkalis on Si or GaAs, and coetaneous studies on SiC. We summarize then the studies on K/Si(111): B, whose (root 3 x root 3)R30 degrees was considered a surface Mott insulator with an important electron-phonon coupling. The recent discovery of a 2 (2 root 3 x 2 root 3)R30 degrees symmetry has been first interpreted as evidence of a bipolaronic insulator, but new findings have finally proven it to be a band insulator. We will then focus on the model system Sn/Ge(111). The last unclear issue about the (3 x 3) reconstruction at 150K was related to the Sn 4d core level. High-resolution photoemission has clarified the core level deconvolution while refining the structural model. This metallic reconstruction is sensitive to electronic correlations which trigger a phase transition to a Mott phase below 30 K. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Tejeda, Antonio; Fagot-Revurat, Y.; Malterre, D.] Univ Nancy, CNRS, Inst Jean Lamour, UPV Metz, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Tejeda, Antonio] Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cortes, R.; Mascaraque, A.] Univ Complutense, Dpto Fis Mat, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Cortes, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Michel, E. G.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dpto Fis Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Tejeda, A (reprint author), Univ Nancy, CNRS, Inst Jean Lamour, UPV Metz, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. EM antonio.tejeda@ijl.nancy-universite.fr RI Mascaraque, Arantzazu/D-9504-2012; Michel, Enrique/A-1545-2008; Tejeda, Antonio/C-4711-2014 OI Mascaraque, Arantzazu/0000-0002-2614-2862; Michel, Enrique/0000-0003-4207-7658; Tejeda, Antonio/0000-0003-0125-4603 FU MICINN [FIS2007-64982, FIS2008-00399]; SurMott ANR; CNRS PICS FX We are extremely grateful to a number of close collaborators: J. Lobo-Checa, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, P. Le Fevre, and F. Bertran for synchrotron measurements, C. Didiot and B. Kierren for STM experiments, L. Cardenas and C. Tournier-Colletta for both photoemission and STM experiments, and L. Chaput, D.G. Trabada, J. Ortega, F. Flores and J. Merino for theoretical calculations. This work was funded by MICINN (FIS2007-64982, FIS2008-00399), SurMott ANR and CNRS PICS. NR 124 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6300 EI 1862-6319 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD APR PY 2012 VL 209 IS 4 BP 614 EP 626 DI 10.1002/pssa.201100791 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 933TI UT WOS:000303385200002 ER PT J AU Mondal, J Ciovati, G Mittal, KC Myneni, GR AF Mondal, J. Ciovati, G. Mittal, K. C. Myneni, G. R. TI Thermal conductivity of large-grain niobium and its effect on trapped vortices in the temperature range 1.8-5 K SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Niobium; thermal conductivity; phonon; trapped flux ID MIXED-STATE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX; EXCITATIONS AB Experimental investigation of the thermal conductivity of large grain and its dependence on the trapped vortices in parallel magnetic field with respect to the temperature gradient del T was carried out on four large-grain niobium samples from four different ingots. The zero-field thermal conductivity measurements are in good agreement with the measurements based on the theory of Bardeen-Rackayzen-Tewordt (BRT). The change in thermal conductivity with trapped vortices is analysed with the field dependence of the conductivity results of Vinen et al for low inductions and low-temperature situation. Finally, the dependence of thermal conductivity on the applied magnetic field in the vicinity of the upper critical field H-c2 is fitted with the theory of pure type-II superconductor of Houghton and Maki. Initial remnant magnetization in the sample shows a departure from the Houghton-Maki curve whereas the sample with zero trapped flux qualitatively agrees with the theory. A qualitative discussion is presented explaining the reason for such deviation from the theory. It has also been observed that if the sample with the trapped vortices is cycled through T-c, the subsequent measurement of the thermal conductivity coincides with the zero trapped flux results. C1 [Mondal, J.; Mittal, K. C.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Accelerator & Pulse Power Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Ciovati, G.; Myneni, G. R.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Mondal, J (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Accelerator & Pulse Power Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. EM jmondal@barc.gov.in FU US DOE [DE-AC05-84ER40150]; Reference Metals Company Inc. [CRADA 2004-S002-Mod 2] FX This work was supported by US DOE contract DE-AC05-84ER40150 and Reference Metals Company Inc. CRADA 2004-S002-Mod 2. J Mondal would like to thank Dr L M Gantayet, Director BTDG and D P Chakravarthy, Head APPD, for their keen interest in this program. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 4 BP 635 EP 649 DI 10.1007/s12043-012-0259-8 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 930YM UT WOS:000303180800011 ER PT J AU Kawanai, T Sasaki, S AF Kawanai, Taichi Sasaki, Shoichi TI Interquark potential for the charmonium system with almost physical quark masses SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Quantum chromodynamics; Lattice QCD; Charmonium; Interquark potential; Bethe-Salpeter wave function ID LATTICE QCD; MESONS; FORCES AB We study an interquark Q (Q) over bar potential for the charmonium system, that is determined from the equal-time and Coulomb gauge Q (Q) over bar Bethe-Salpeter (BS) wavefunction through the effective Schrodinger equation. This novel approach enables us to evaluate a kinetic heavy quark mass m(Q) and a proper interquark potential at finite quark mass m(Q), which receives all orders of 1/m(Q) corrections on the static Q (Q) over bar potential from Wilson loops, simultaneously. Precise information of the interquark potential for both charmonium and bottomonium states directly from lattice QCD provides us a chance to improve quark potential models, where the spin-independent interquark potential is phenomenologically described by the Cornell potential and the spin-dependent parts are deduced within the framework of perturbative QCD, from first-principles calculations. In this study, calculations are carried out in both quenched and dynamical fermion simulations. We first demonstrate that the interquark potential at finite quark mass calculated by the BS amplitude method smoothly approaches the conventional static heavy quark potential from Wilson loops in the infinitely heavy quark limit within quenched lattice QCD simulations. Second, we determine both spin-independent and dependent parts of the interquark potential for the charmonium system in 2+1 flavor dynamical lattice QCD using the PACS-CS gauge configurations at the lightest pion mass, M-pi = 156 MeV. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kawanai, Taichi; Sasaki, Shoichi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Kawanai, Taichi] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kawanai, Taichi] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kawanai, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM kawanai@nt.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp FU JSPS/MEXT [22-7653, 19540265, 21105504, 23540284] FX We acknowledge the PACS-CS collaboration and ILDG/JLDG for providing us with the gauge configurations. We would also like to thank H. Iida, Y. Ikeda and T. Hatsuda for fruitful discussions. This work was partially supported by JSPS/MEXT Grants-in-Aid (No. 22-7653, No. 19540265, No. 21105504 and No. 23540284). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS JI Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 67 IS 2 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.ppnp.2011.12.006 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 932HV UT WOS:000303282200005 ER PT J AU Lin, MF Ohta, S AF Lin, Meifeng Ohta, Shigemi TI Nucleon structure from 2+1-flavor dynamical DWF lattice QCD at nearly physical pion mass SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Nucleon structure; Lattice QCD; Domain-wall fermions ID CHIRAL FERMIONS AB Domain-wall fermions (DWF) is a lattice discretization scheme for Dirac fields that preserves continuum-like chiral and flavor symmetries that are essential in hadron physics. RIKEN-BNL-Columbia (RBC) and UKQCD Collaborations have been generating sets of realistic 2 + 1-flavor dynamical lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) numerical ensembles with DWF quarks with strange mass set almost exactly at its physical value via reweighing and degenerate up and down mass set as light as practical. In this report the current status of the nucleon-structure calculations using these ensembles is summarized. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lin, Meifeng; Ohta, Shigemi] BNL, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lin, Meifeng] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Ohta, Shigemi] High Energy Accelerator Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Ohta, Shigemi] SOKENDAI Grad Univ, Hayama, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan. RP Ohta, S (reprint author), BNL, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM shigemiohta@mac.com NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS JI Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 67 IS 2 BP 218 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.ppnp.2011.12.021 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 932HV UT WOS:000303282200020 ER PT J AU de Florian, D Sassot, R Stratmann, M Vogelsang, W AF de Florian, D. Sassot, R. Stratmann, M. Vogelsang, W. TI QCD spin physics: Partonic spin structure of the nucleon SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Nucleon structure; Spin; QCD; Partons; Perturbation theory ID TO-LEADING-ORDER; POLARIZED QUARK DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON-PAIR PHOTOPRODUCTION; ANTIQUARK FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; MUON-DEUTERON SCATTERING; PROMPT PHOTON PRODUCTION; VECTOR BOSON PRODUCTION; N-C LIMIT; SPLITTING FUNCTIONS AB We discuss some recent developments concerning the nucleon's helicity parton distribution functions: new preliminary data from jet production at RHIC suggest for the first time a non-vanishing polarization of gluons in the nucleon. SIDIS measurements at COMPASS provide better constraints on the strange and light sea quark helicity distributions. Single-longitudinal spin asymmetries in W-boson production have been observed at RHIC and will ultimately give new insights into the light quark and anti-quark helicity structure of the nucleon. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vogelsang, W.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [de Florian, D.; Sassot, R.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Stratmann, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vogelsang, W (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM werner.vogelsang@uni-tuebingen.de RI de Florian, Daniel/B-6902-2011 OI de Florian, Daniel/0000-0002-3724-0695 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; CONICET; ANPCyT; UBACyT FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy (contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886), and by CONICET, ANPCyT and UBACyT. NR 81 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 EI 1873-2224 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS JI Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 67 IS 2 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.ppnp.2011.12.027 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 932HV UT WOS:000303282200026 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ Joyce, KE MacLellan, JA Watson, DJ Lynch, TP Antonio, CL Birchall, A Anderson, KK Zharov, PA AF Strom, Daniel J. Joyce, Kevin E. MacLellan, Jay A. Watson, David J. Lynch, Timothy P. Antonio, Cheryl L. Birchall, Alan Anderson, Kevin K. Zharov, Peter A. TI Disaggregating measurement uncertainty from population variability and Bayesian treatment of uncensored results SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVOR; MEASUREMENT ERROR; LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS; LUNG-CANCER; EXPOSURE; DOSIMETRY; LEVEL; POWER AB In making low-level radioactivity measurements of populations, it is commonly observed that a substantial portion of net results is negative. Furthermore, the observed variance of the measurement results arises from a combination of measurement uncertainty and population variability. This paper presents a method for disaggregating measurement uncertainty from population variability to produce a probability density function (PDF) of possibly true results. To do this, simple, justifiable and reasonable assumptions are made about the relationship of the measurements to the measurands (the otrue values'). The measurements are assumed to be unbiased, that is, that their average value is the average of the measurands. Using traditional estimates of each measurements uncertainty, a likelihood PDF for each individuals measurand is produced. Then using the same assumptions and all the data from the population of individuals, a prior PDF of measurands for the population is produced. The prior PDF is non-negative, and the average is equal to the average of the measurement results for the population. Using Bayess theorem, posterior PDFs of each individual measurand are calculated. The uncertainty in these Bayesian posterior PDFs appears to be all Berkson with no remaining classical component. The method is applied to baseline bioassay data from the Hanford site. The data include Sr-90 urinalysis measurements of 128 people, Cs-137 in vivo measurements of 5337 people and Pu-239 urinalysis measurements of 3270 people. The method produces excellent results for the Sr-90 and Cs-137 measurements, since there are non-zero concentrations of these global fallout radionuclides in people who have not been occupationally exposed. The method does not work for the Pu-239 measurements in non-occupationally exposed people because the population average is essentially zero relative to the sensitivity of the measurement technique. The method is shown to give results similar to classical statistical inference when the measurements have relatively small uncertainty. C1 [Strom, Daniel J.; Joyce, Kevin E.; MacLellan, Jay A.; Watson, David J.; Lynch, Timothy P.; Antonio, Cheryl L.; Anderson, Kevin K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Birchall, Alan] Hlth Protect Agcy, Chilton OX11 0RQ, Oxon, England. [Zharov, Peter A.] Mayak Prod Assoc, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk Obl, Russia. RP Strom, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM strom@pnnl.gov OI Strom, Daniel J/0000-0002-1710-3634; Anderson, Kevin/0000-0001-5613-5893 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of International Health Studies [HS-14]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830] FX This work was partially supported under Cooperative Agreements with the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of International Health Studies (HS-14). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD APR PY 2012 VL 149 IS 3 BP 251 EP 267 DI 10.1093/rpd/ncr253 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 926CA UT WOS:000302807700004 PM 21693467 ER PT J AU Shankaran, H Weber, TJ von Neubeck, C Sowa, MB AF Shankaran, Harish Weber, Thomas J. von Neubeck, Claere Sowa, Marianne B. TI Using Imaging Methods to Interrogate Radiation-Induced Cell Signaling SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; INDUCED GENOMIC INSTABILITY; GREEN-FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; NF-KAPPA-B; IONIZING-RADIATION; KINASE PATHWAY; IN-VIVO; RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK PATHWAY; H2AX PHOSPHORYLATION AB There is increasing emphasis on the use of systems biology approaches to define radiation-induced responses in cells and tissues. Such approaches frequently rely on global screening using various high throughput 'omics' platforms. Although these methods are ideal for obtaining an unbiased overview of cellular responses, they often cannot reflect the inherent heterogeneity of the system or provide detailed spatial information. Additionally, performing such studies with multiple sampling time points can be prohibitively expensive. Imaging provides a complementary method with high spatial and temporal resolution capable of following the dynamics of signaling processes. In this review, we utilize specific examples to illustrate how imaging approaches have furthered our understanding of radiation-induced cellular signaling. Particular emphasis is placed on protein colocalization, and oscillatory and transient signaling dynamics. (C) 2012 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Shankaran, Harish; Weber, Thomas J.; von Neubeck, Claere; Sowa, Marianne B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sowa, MB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS J4-02, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Marianne.sowa@pnnl.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX10AB06G]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO] FX We would like to thank Dr. Keiji Suzuki, Nagasaki University, and Ms. Angela Kim, Brookhaven National Laboratory, for providing additional images for use in this review. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX10AB06G] and the Biological and Environmental Research Program (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO]. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 177 IS 4 SI SI BP 496 EP 507 DI 10.1667/RR2669.1 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 929WZ UT WOS:000303097700012 PM 22380462 ER PT J AU Godoy-Vitorino, F Leal, SJ Diaz, WA Rosales, J Goldfarb, KC Garcia-Amado, MA Michelangeli, F Brodie, EL Dominguez-Bello, MG AF Godoy-Vitorino, Filipa Leal, Sara J. Diaz, Wilmer A. Rosales, Judith Goldfarb, Katherine C. Garcia-Amado, Maria A. Michelangeli, Fabian Brodie, Eoin L. Dominguez-Bello, Maria G. TI Differences in crop bacterial community structure between hoatzins from different geographical locations SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microbiota; Crop; Bird; Diet; Populations ID OPISTHOCOMUS-HOAZIN; FOLIVOROUS HOATZIN; FOREGUT FERMENTATION; ANALYSIS REVEALS; POPULATION; BIRD; DIET; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; ARB AB The hoatzin is the only known folivorous bird with foregut fermentation, and is distributed in Venezuela in rivers of the central savannas to the eastern Orinoco River. Differences in diet are expected to affect the digestive microbiota and we hypothesized that hoatzins from different habitats might have a different crop microbiota. We thus characterized the microbiota of six birds from the Cojedes and Orinoco Rivers using the 02 PhyloChip and, in parallel, we compared plant availability and foraging behavior of the hoatzins from the two locations. Plant composition differed between the 2 locations, which shared 5 out of 18 plant families and 1 plant genus - Coccoloba - that was highly consumed in both locations. The PhyloChip detected similar to 1600 phylotypes from 42 phyla. There was a core microbiota with similar to 50% of the OTUs shared by at least 4 of the 6 individuals, but there were also differences in the crop microbiota of animals from the two regions. There existed a higher relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the crops of birds from the Cojedes River and of Clostridia and Deltaproteobacteria in the crops of birds from the Orinoco River. The results showed both a core crop microbiota and also the bacterial taxa responsible for geographical differences among individuals from the two locations with different vegetation, suggesting an effect of both diet and geography in shaping the crop bacterial community of the hoatzin. (C) 2012 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Godoy-Vitorino, Filipa; Dominguez-Bello, Maria G.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Godoy-Vitorino, Filipa] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Microbial Ecol Program, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Leal, Sara J.; Diaz, Wilmer A.; Rosales, Judith] UNEG, CIEG, Estado Bolivar, Venezuela. [Goldfarb, Katherine C.; Brodie, Eoin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Ecol, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Garcia-Amado, Maria A.; Michelangeli, Fabian] IVIC, Estado Miranda, Venezuela. RP Dominguez-Bello, MG (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, POB 23360, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. EM filipagodoyvitorino@gmail.com; saju_ve@yahoo.com; wildip@gmail.com; jrosales2@cantv.net; kcgfarb@gmail.com; magarciamado@gmail.com; fmichelangeli@gmail.com; elbrodie@lbl.gov; maria.dominguezl@upr.edu RI Garcia Amado, Maria Alexandra/B-5297-2015; Brodie, Eoin/A-7853-2008; OI Brodie, Eoin/0000-0002-8453-8435; Garcia-Amado, Maria Alexandra/0000-0001-6396-4681 FU NSF [IOS 0716911, DEB-DDIG 0709840, CREST/HRD0206200]; University of California [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge computational support from Dr. Ulas Karaoz and the fieldwork support of Jose Gonzalez-Fernandez, Juan Gonzalez-Fernandez and Antonio Gonzalez-Fernandez from Hato Mataclara (Cojedes River), Capitan Jesus Perez from UNEG and Ramon Marino and his son "Monchito" from Puerto Ordaz. This work was supported in part by grants from NSF IOS 0716911, NSF DEB-DDIG 0709840 and NSF CREST/HRD0206200. Part of this work was performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the auspices of the University of California, contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2508 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 163 IS 3 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.01.001 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 931PB UT WOS:000303230700007 PM 22313738 ER PT J AU Walsh, A Chen, SY Wei, SH Gong, XG AF Walsh, Aron Chen, Shiyou Wei, Su-Huai Gong, Xin-Gao TI Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cells: Advances in Materials Modelling of Cu2ZnSnS4 SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE alloys; density functional theory; lattice defects; photovoltaics; semiconductors ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE PREDICTION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; SUSTAINABLE PHOTOVOLTAICS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; BAND-GAPS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORBER; DEFECTS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES AB Quaternary semiconducting materials based on the kesterite (A2BCX4) mineral structure are the most promising candidates to overtake the current generation of light-absorbing materials for thin-film solar cells. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) and their alloy Cu2ZnSn(Se,S)4 consist of abundant, low-cost and non-toxic elements, unlike current CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based technologies. Zinc-blende related structures are formed by quaternary compounds, but the complexity associated with the multi-component system introduces difficulties in material growth, characterization, and application. First-principles electronic structure simulations, performed over the past five years, that address the structural, electronic, and defect properties of this family of compounds are reviewed. Initial predictions of the bandgaps and crystal structures have recently been verified experimentally. The calculations highlight the role of atomic disorder on the cation sub-lattice, as well as phase separation of Cu2ZnSnS4 into ZnS and CuSnS3, on the material performance for light-to-electricity conversion in photovoltaic devices. Finally, the current grand challenges for materials modeling of thin-film solar cells are highlighted. C1 [Walsh, Aron] Univ Bath, Ctr Sustainable Chem Technol, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Walsh, Aron] Univ Bath, Dept Chem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Chen, Shiyou; Gong, Xin-Gao] Fudan Univ, Key Lab Computat Phys Sci MOE, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Shiyou; Gong, Xin-Gao] Fudan Univ, Surface Phys Lab, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Shiyou] E China Normal Univ, Key Lab Polar Mat & Devices MOE, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Walsh, A (reprint author), Univ Bath, Ctr Sustainable Chem Technol, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM a.walsh@bath.ac.uk RI Walsh, Aron/A-7843-2008; li, linghua/D-9488-2012; gong, xingao/D-6532-2011 OI Walsh, Aron/0000-0001-5460-7033; FU Royal Society; European Research Council; Natural Sciences Foundation of China; Special Funds for Major State Basic Research; Shanghai municipality; MOE; US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX AW acknowledges support from the Royal Society for a University Research Fellowship and the European Research Council for a Starting Grant. The work in China has been supported by the Natural Sciences Foundation of China, the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research, and the Research Program of Shanghai municipality and MOE. The work at NREL is funded by the US Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 92 TC 218 Z9 220 U1 19 U2 326 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 400 EP 409 DI 10.1002/aenm.201100630 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 919RU UT WOS:000302347100001 ER PT J AU Reilly, TH Hains, AW Chen, HY Gregg, BA AF Reilly, Thomas H., III Hains, Alexander W. Chen, Hsiang-Yu Gregg, Brian A. TI A Self-Doping, O2-Stable, n-Type Interfacial Layer for Organic Electronics SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE doping; organic electronics; photovoltaic devices; solar cells; thin films ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; SOLAR-CELLS; FILMS; EFFICIENCY; DEVICES AB Solid films of a water-soluble dicationic perylene diimide salt, perylene bis(2-ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide imide), Petma+OH-, are strongly doped n-type by dehydration and reversibly de-doped by hydration. The hydrated films consist almost entirely of the neutral perylene diimide, PDI, while the dehydrated films contain similar to 50% PDI anions. The conductivity increases by five orders of magnitude upon dehydration, probably limited by film roughness, while the work function decreases by 0.74 V, consistent with an n-type doping density increase of similar to 12 orders of magnitude. Remarkably, the PDI anions are stable in dry air up to 120 degrees C. The work function of the doped film, ? (3.96 V vs. vacuum), is unusually negative for an O2-stable contact. Petma+OH- is also characterized as an interfacial layer, IFL, in two different types of organic photovoltaic cells. Results are comparable to state of the art cesium carbonate IFLs, but may improve if film morphology can be better controlled. The films are stable and reversible over many months in air and light. The mechanism of this unusual self-doping process may involve the change in relative potentials of the ions in the film caused by their deshielding and compaction as water is removed, leading to charge transfer when dry. C1 [Reilly, Thomas H., III; Hains, Alexander W.; Chen, Hsiang-Yu; Gregg, Brian A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Reilly, TH (reprint author), Poudre River Technol & Dev LLC, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM thomashreilly@gmail.com; brian.gregg@nrel.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 455 EP 460 DI 10.1002/aenm.201100446 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 919RU UT WOS:000302347100009 ER PT J AU Wang, W Nie, ZM Chen, BW Chen, F Luo, QT Wei, XL Xia, GG Skyllas-Kazacos, M Li, LY Yang, ZG AF Wang, Wei Nie, Zimin Chen, Baowei Chen, Feng Luo, Qingtao Wei, Xiaoliang Xia, Guan-Guang Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria Li, Liyu Yang, Zhenguo TI A New Fe/V Redox Flow Battery Using a Sulfuric/Chloric Mixed-Acid Supporting Electrolyte SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE redox flow batteries; hydrochloric acid; sulfuric acid; Fe; V; energy storage ID SCALE ENERGY-STORAGE; POSITIVE HALF-CELL; PERFORMANCE; MEMBRANE; COUPLE; SYSTEM AB A redox flow battery using Fe2+/Fe3+ and V2+/V3+ redox couples in chloric/sulfuric mixed-acid supporting electrolyte is investigated for potential stationary energy storage applications. The Fe/V redox flow cell using mixed reactant solutions operates within a voltage window of 0.51.35 V with a nearly 100% utilization ratio and demonstrates stable cycling over 100 cycles with energy efficiency >80% and no capacity fading at room temperature. A 25% improvement in the discharge energy density of the Fe/V cell is achieved compared with a previously reported Fe/V cell using a pure chloride acid supporting electrolyte. Stable performance is achieved in the temperature range between 0 and 50 degrees C as well as when using a microporous separator as the membrane. The improved electrochemical performance makes the Fe/V redox flow battery a promising option as a stationary energy storage device to enable renewable integration and stabilization of the electric grid. C1 [Wang, Wei; Nie, Zimin; Chen, Baowei; Chen, Feng; Luo, Qingtao; Wei, Xiaoliang; Xia, Guan-Guang; Li, Liyu; Yang, Zhenguo] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria] Univ New S Wales, Sch Chem Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Li, LY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM liyu.li@pnnl.gov; zgary.yang@pnnl.gov RI luo, qingtao/F-5024-2012; Wang, Wei/F-4196-2010; Chen, Feng/A-9314-2013 OI Wang, Wei/0000-0002-5453-4695; FU US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE); DOE by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE). We are grateful for useful discussions with Dr. Imre Gyuk, the program manager of the Energy Storage and Power Electronics Program at DOE-OE. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multi-program national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 32 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 11 U2 65 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 487 EP 493 DI 10.1002/aenm.201100527 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 919RU UT WOS:000302347100013 ER PT J AU Olszta, M Schreiber, D Thomas, L Bruemmer, S AF Olszta, Matthew Schreiber, Daniel Thomas, Larry Bruemmer, Stephen TI High-Resolution Crack Imaging Reveals Degradation Processes in Nuclear Reactor Structural Materials SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article C1 [Olszta, Matthew; Schreiber, Daniel; Thomas, Larry; Bruemmer, Stephen] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bruemmer, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Stephen.bruemmer@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX Research support for the crack-tip examinations has come from many different organizations including Rolls Royce Ltd., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and U.S. Department of Energy's Offices of Nuclear Energy and Basic Energy Sciences. The latter support is obtained through the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 with Battelle Memorial Institute. A portion of the research was performed using Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU ASM INT PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD APR PY 2012 VL 170 IS 4 BP 17 EP 21 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 926NV UT WOS:000302839000002 ER PT J AU Tew, JM Lance, SL Jones, KL Fehlberg, SD AF Tew, Jessica M. Lance, Stacey L. Jones, Kenneth L. Fehlberg, Shannon D. TI MICROSATELLITE DEVELOPMENT FOR AN ENDANGERED RIPARIAN INHABITANT, LILAEOPSIS SCHAFFNERIANA SUBSP RECURVA (APIACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; clonal growth; genetic diversity; Lilaeopsis schaffneriana subsp recurva; microsatellites ID LOCI AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed and characterized to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure in Lilaeopsis schaffneriana subsp. recurva, an endangered species endemic to wetlands dispersed throughout southeastern Arizona, USA, and northern Sonora, Mexico. Methods and Results: Eight loci (one of which was monomorphic) were developed and characterized in 48 individuals from two populations. The total number of alleles was 35, ranging from one to 10 per locus. Many of the primers amplified in L. carolinensis, L. chinensis, L. masonii, L. occidentalis, L. schaffneriana subsp. schaffneriana, Oxypolis fendleri, and Eryngium lemmonii. Conclusions: Development of these novel microsatellite loci will facilitate a deeper understanding of genetic diversity, mode of reproduction, and population structure not only in L. schaffneriana subsp. recurva, but also in apiaceous relatives. C1 [Tew, Jessica M.; Fehlberg, Shannon D.] Desert Bot Garden, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Jones, Kenneth L.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Fehlberg, SD (reprint author), Desert Bot Garden, 1201 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA. EM sfehlberg@dbg.org RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU U.S. Army Garrison, Fort Huachuca, Arizona; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX The authors thank Fort Huachuca and C. Robles for permission to collect; C. Breitwieser, D. Brewer, K. Fehlberg, and R. Puente for field collections; and the Desert Botanical Garden (DES), Arizona State University (ASU), and University of California Riverside (UCR) Herbaria for tissue samples. This research is funded by the U.S. Army Garrison, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Microsatellite development is partially supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD APR PY 2012 VL 99 IS 4 BP E164 EP E166 DI 10.3732/ajb.1100517 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 926DB UT WOS:000302810400007 PM 22473981 ER PT J AU Galametz, A Stern, D De Breuck, C Hatch, N Mayo, J Miley, G Rettura, A Seymour, N Stanford, SA Vernet, J AF Galametz, Audrey Stern, Daniel De Breuck, Carlos Hatch, Nina Mayo, Jack Miley, George Rettura, Alessandro Seymour, Nick Stanford, S. Adam Vernet, Joel TI THE MID-INFRARED ENVIRONMENTS OF HIGH-REDSHIFT RADIO GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: high-redshift; infrared: galaxies ID INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; H-ALPHA EMITTERS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; PROTO-CLUSTER; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION; RED-SEQUENCE; MU-M; PROTOCLUSTER CANDIDATES; POPULATION SYNTHESIS AB Taking advantage of the impressive sensitivity of Spitzer to detect massive galaxies at high redshift, we study the mid-infrared environments of powerful, high-redshift radio galaxies at 1.2 < z < 3. Galaxy cluster member candidates were isolated using a single Spitzer/IRAC mid-infrared color criterion, [3.6]-[4.5] > -0.1 (AB), in the fields of 48 radio galaxies at 1.2 < z < 3. Using a counts-in-cell analysis, we identify a field as overdense when 15 or more red IRAC sources are found within 1' (i.e., 0.5 Mpc at 1.2 < z < 3) of the radio galaxy to the 5 sigma flux density limits of our IRAC data (f(4.5) = 13.4 mu Jy). We find that radio galaxies lie preferentially in medium to dense regions, with 73% of the targeted fields denser than average. Our (shallow) 120 s data permit the rediscovery of previously known clusters and protoclusters associated with radio galaxies as well as the discovery of new promising galaxy cluster candidates at z > 1.2. C1 [Galametz, Audrey; Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Galametz, Audrey] INAF Osservatorio Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [De Breuck, Carlos; Vernet, Joel] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hatch, Nina] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Mayo, Jack] Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Miley, George] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Rettura, Alessandro] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Seymour, Nick] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Stanford, S. Adam] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Galametz, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM audrey.galametz@oa-roma.inaf.it OI Hatch, Nina/0000-0001-5600-0534; Vernet, Joel/0000-0002-8639-8560; Seymour, Nicholas/0000-0003-3506-5536; De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315 FU NASA FX This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. We are very grateful to Mark Brodwin and Peter Eisenhardt for having provided information on the Bootes cluster sample mentioned in this paper and to Conor Mancone for providing his useful EZ Gal Model Generator and valuable help on models. We also thank the anonymous referee for his/her very useful comments. NR 60 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 749 IS 2 AR 169 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/749/2/169 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 925TY UT WOS:000302785700073 ER PT J AU Mathur, S Metcalfe, TS Woitaszek, M Bruntt, H Verner, GA Christensen-Dalsgaard, J Creevey, OL Dogan, G Basu, S Karoff, C Stello, D Appourchaux, T Campante, TL Chaplin, WJ Garcia, RA Bedding, TR Benomar, O Bonanno, A Deheuvels, S Elsworth, Y Gaulme, P Guzik, JA Handberg, R Hekker, S Herzberg, W Monteiro, MJPFG Piau, L Quirion, PO Regulo, C Roth, M Salabert, D Serenelli, A Thompson, MJ Trampedach, R White, TR Ballot, J Brandao, IM Molenda-Zakowicz, J Kjeldsen, H Twicken, JD Uddin, K Wohler, B AF Mathur, S. Metcalfe, T. S. Woitaszek, M. Bruntt, H. Verner, G. A. Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. Creevey, O. L. Dogan, G. Basu, S. Karoff, C. Stello, D. Appourchaux, T. Campante, T. L. Chaplin, W. J. Garcia, R. A. Bedding, T. R. Benomar, O. Bonanno, A. Deheuvels, S. Elsworth, Y. Gaulme, P. Guzik, J. A. Handberg, R. Hekker, S. Herzberg, W. Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G. Piau, L. Quirion, P. -O. Regulo, C. Roth, M. Salabert, D. Serenelli, A. Thompson, M. J. Trampedach, R. White, T. R. Ballot, J. Brandao, I. M. Molenda-Zakowicz, J. Kjeldsen, H. Twicken, J. D. Uddin, K. Wohler, B. TI A UNIFORM ASTEROSEISMIC ANALYSIS OF 22 SOLAR-TYPE STARS OBSERVED BY KEPLER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; stars: evolution; stars: interiors; stars: oscillations ID STELLAR EVOLUTION CODE; MODE FREQUENCY-SHIFTS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; SUN-LIKE STAR; BOLOMETRIC CORRECTIONS; MIXING-LENGTH; NGC 6819; OSCILLATIONS; PARAMETERS; DIAGRAMS AB Asteroseismology with the Kepler space telescope is providing not only an improved characterization of exoplanets and their host stars, but also a new window on stellar structure and evolution for the large sample of solar-type stars in the field. We perform a uniform analysis of 22 of the brightest asteroseismic targets with the highest signal-to-noise ratio observed for 1 month each during the first year of the mission, and we quantify the precision and relative accuracy of asteroseismic determinations of the stellar radius, mass, and age that are possible using various methods. We present the properties of each star in the sample derived from an automated analysis of the individual oscillation frequencies and other observational constraints using the Asteroseismic Modeling Portal (AMP), and we compare them to the results of model-grid-based methods that fit the global oscillation properties. We find that fitting the individual frequencies typically yields asteroseismic radii and masses to similar to 1% precision, and ages to similar to 2.5% precision (respectively, 2, 5, and 8 times better than fitting the global oscillation properties). The absolute level of agreement between the results from different approaches is also encouraging, with model-grid-based methods yielding slightly smaller estimates of the radius and mass and slightly older values for the stellar age relative to AMP, which computes a large number of dedicated models for each star. The sample of targets for which this type of analysis is possible will grow as longer data sets are obtained during the remainder of the mission. C1 [Mathur, S.; Metcalfe, T. S.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Dogan, G.; Thompson, M. J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Metcalfe, T. S.; Woitaszek, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Computat & Informat Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Bruntt, H.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Dogan, G.; Karoff, C.; Campante, T. L.; Handberg, R.; Kjeldsen, H.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Bruntt, H.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, UMR8109, LESIA,Obs Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Verner, G. A.; Karoff, C.; Chaplin, W. J.; Elsworth, Y.; Hekker, S.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Creevey, O. L.; Salabert, D.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, Lab Lagrange,UMR7293, F-06304 Nice 4, France. [Basu, S.; Deheuvels, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Stello, D.; Bedding, T. R.; Benomar, O.; White, T. R.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Appourchaux, T.; Gaulme, P.] Univ Paris 11, UMR8617, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Campante, T. L.; Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G.; Brandao, I. M.] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Campante, T. L.; Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G.; Brandao, I. M.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Garcia, R. A.] CEA DSM CNRS Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Garcia, R. A.] Ctr Saclay, IRFU SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bonanno, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Guzik, J. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hekker, S.; Roth, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Herzberg, W.] Kiepenheuer Inst Sonnenphys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Piau, L.] LATMOS, F-78280 Guyancourt, France. [Quirion, P. -O.] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ J3Y 8Y9, Canada. [Regulo, C.] Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Regulo, C.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [Serenelli, A.] Inst Ciencias Espacio CSIC IEEC, Fac Ciencias, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Trampedach, R.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Trampedach, R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ballot, J.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Ballot, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Molenda-Zakowicz, J.] Univ Wroclaw, Astron Inst, PL-51622 Wroclaw, Poland. [Twicken, J. D.] NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Uddin, K.; Wohler, B.] NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Mathur, S (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RI Ballot, Jerome/G-1019-2010; Bonanno, Alfio/J-1845-2012; Brandao, Isa/M-5172-2013; Monteiro, Mario J.P.F.G./B-4715-2008; OI Handberg, Rasmus/0000-0001-8725-4502; Basu, Sarbani/0000-0002-6163-3472; Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Karoff, Christoffer/0000-0003-2009-7965; Bedding, Tim/0000-0001-5222-4661; Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-8854-3776; Serenelli, Aldo/0000-0001-6359-2769; Brandao, Isa/0000-0002-1153-0942; Monteiro, Mario J.P.F.G./0000-0003-0513-8116; Bonanno, Alfio/0000-0003-3175-9776; Bedding, Timothy/0000-0001-5943-1460 FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; NASA [NNX09AE59G]; White Dwarf Research Corporation; European Community [269194]; NSF TeraGrid allocation [TG-AST090107]; TeraGrid Science Gateways program; NSF MRI [CNS-0421498, CNS-0420873, CNS-0420985]; NSF; University of Colorado; IBM FX Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. This work was supported in part by the NASA grant NNX09AE59G and by the White Dwarf Research Corporation through the Pale Blue Dot project. The authors thank the entire Kepler team, without whom these results would not be possible. We also thank all funding councils and agencies that have supported the activities of the KASC Working Group 1, and the International Space Science Institute (ISSI). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 269194 (IRSES/ASK). Computational time on Kraken at the National Institute of Computational Sciences was provided through the NSF TeraGrid allocation TG-AST090107. Funding to integrate AMP with TeraGrid resources was provided by the TeraGrid Science Gateways program. Computational time at NCAR was provided by the NSF MRI Grants CNS-0421498, CNS-0420873, and CNS-0420985, NSF sponsorship of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, the University of Colorado, and a grant from the IBM Shared University Research program. NR 87 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 749 IS 2 AR 152 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/749/2/152 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 925TY UT WOS:000302785700056 ER PT J AU Slane, P Hughes, JP Temim, T Rousseau, R Castro, D Foight, D Gaensler, BM Funk, S Lemoine-Goumard, M Gelfand, JD Moffett, DA Dodson, RG Bernstein, JP AF Slane, Patrick Hughes, John P. Temim, Tea Rousseau, Romain Castro, Daniel Foight, Dillon Gaensler, B. M. Funk, Stefan Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne Gelfand, Joseph D. Moffett, David A. Dodson, Richard G. Bernstein, Joseph P. TI A BROADBAND STUDY OF THE EMISSION FROM THE COMPOSITE SUPERNOVA REMNANT MSH 11-62 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (MSH-11-62); ISM: supernova remnants; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; stars: neutron ID PULSAR WIND NEBULA; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; X-RAY-EMISSION; HIGH-ENERGY; RADIO; EVOLUTION; G291.0-0.1; HESS; HYDRODYNAMICS; ACCELERATION AB MSH 11-62 (G291.0-0.1) is a composite supernova remnant for which radio and X-ray observations have identified the remnant shell as well as its central pulsar wind nebula. The observations suggest a relatively young system expanding into a low-density region. Here, we present a study of MSH 11-62 using observations with the Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Fermi observatories, along with radio observations from the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We identify a compact X-ray source that appears to be the putative pulsar that powers the nebula, and show that the X-ray spectrum of the nebula bears the signature of synchrotron losses as particles diffuse into the outer nebula. Using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, we identify gamma-ray emission originating from MSH 11-62. With density constraints from the new X-ray measurements of the remnant, we model the evolution of the composite system in order to constrain the properties of the underlying pulsar and the origin of the gamma-ray emission. C1 [Slane, Patrick; Castro, Daniel; Foight, Dillon] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hughes, John P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Temim, Tea] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Rousseau, Romain; Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS IN2P3, UMR 5797, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sch Phys A29, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Funk, Stefan] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Gelfand, Joseph D.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Moffett, David A.] Furman Univ, Dept Phys, Greenville, SC 29613 USA. [Dodson, Richard G.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Bernstein, Joseph P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bernstein, Joseph P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Slane, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM slane@cfa.harvard.edu; jph@physics.rutgers.edu; tea.temim@nasa.gov; rousseau@cenbg.in2p3.fr; bryan.gaensler@sydney.edu.au; funk@slac.stanford.edu; lemoine@cenbg.in2p3.fr; jg168@astro.physics.nyu.edu; david.moffett@furman.edu; richard.dodson@icrar.org; jpbernst@anl.gov RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gelfand, Joseph/F-1110-2015; OI Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gelfand, Joseph/0000-0003-4679-1058; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558; Temim, Tea/0000-0001-7380-3144 FU NASA [NRA 00-OSS-07/03500279, NNX 11AQ09G, NGT5-159, NAS8-03060]; Commonwealth of Australia FX NASA supported this work via grant numbers NRA 00-OSS-07/03500279, NNX 11AQ09G, and NGT5-159. P.S. acknowledges support from NASA Contract NAS8-03060. The ATCA is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO.; R.R., M.L.-G., and SF. have participated as members of the Fermi-LAT Collaboration, which acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include th United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Phe National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in theysique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 749 IS 2 AR 131 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/749/2/131 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 925TY UT WOS:000302785700035 ER PT J AU Wang, XF Wang, LF Filippenko, AV Baron, E Kromer, M Jack, D Zhang, TM Aldering, G Antilogus, P Arnett, WD Baade, D Barris, BJ Benetti, S Bouchet, P Burrows, AS Canal, R Cappellaro, E Carlberg, RG di Carlo, E Challis, PJ Crotts, APS Danziger, JI Della Valle, M Fink, M Foley, RJ Fransson, C Gal-Yam, A Garnavich, PM Gerardy, CL Goldhaber, G Hamuy, M Hillebrandt, W Hoflich, P Holland, ST Holz, DE Hughes, JP Jeffery, DJ Jha, SW Kasen, D Khokhlov, AM Kirshner, RP Knop, RA Kozma, C Krisciunas, K Lee, BC Leibundgut, B Lentz, EJ Leonard, DC Lewin, WHG Li, WD Livio, M Lundqvist, P Maoz, D Matheson, T Mazzali, PA Meikle, P Miknaitis, G Milne, PA Mochnacki, SW Nomoto, K Nugent, PE Oran, ES Panagia, N Perlmutter, S Phillips, MM Pinto, P Poznanski, D Pritchet, CJ Reinecke, M Riess, AG Ruiz-Lapuente, P Scalzo, RA Schlegel, EM Schmidt, BP Siegrist, J Soderberg, AM Sollerman, J Sonneborn, G Spadafora, A Spyromilio, J Sramek, RA Starrfield, SG Strolger, LG Suntzeff, NB Thomas, RC Tonry, JL Tornambe, A Truran, JW Turatto, M Turner, M Van Dyk, SD Weiler, KW Wheeler, JC Wood-Vasey, M Woosley, SE Yamaoka, H AF Wang, Xiaofeng Wang, Lifan Filippenko, Alexei V. Baron, Eddie Kromer, Markus Jack, Dennis Zhang, Tianmeng Aldering, Greg Antilogus, Pierre Arnett, W. David Baade, Dietrich Barris, Brian J. Benetti, Stefano Bouchet, Patrice Burrows, Adam S. Canal, Ramon Cappellaro, Enrico Carlberg, Raymond G. di Carlo, Elisa Challis, Peter J. Crotts, Arlin P. S. Danziger, John I. Della Valle, Massimo Fink, Michael Foley, Ryan J. Fransson, Claes Gal-Yam, Avishay Garnavich, Peter M. Gerardy, Chris L. Goldhaber, Gerson Hamuy, Mario Hillebrandt, Wolfgang Hoeflich, Peter Holland, Stephen T. Holz, Daniel E. Hughes, John P. Jeffery, David J. Jha, Saurabh W. Kasen, Dan Khokhlov, Alexei M. Kirshner, Robert P. Knop, Robert A. Kozma, Cecilia Krisciunas, Kevin Lee, Brian C. Leibundgut, Bruno Lentz, Eric J. Leonard, Douglas C. Lewin, Walter H. G. Li, Weidong Livio, Mario Lundqvist, Peter Maoz, Dan Matheson, Thomas Mazzali, Paolo A. Meikle, Peter Miknaitis, Gajus Milne, Peter A. Mochnacki, Stefan W. Nomoto, Ken'ichi Nugent, Peter E. Oran, Elaine S. Panagia, Nino Perlmutter, Saul Phillips, Mark M. Pinto, Philip Poznanski, Dovi Pritchet, Christopher J. Reinecke, Martin Riess, Adam G. Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar Scalzo, Richard A. Schlegel, Eric M. Schmidt, Brian P. Siegrist, James Soderberg, Alicia M. Sollerman, Jesper Sonneborn, George Spadafora, Anthony Spyromilio, Jason Sramek, Richard A. Starrfield, Sumner G. Strolger, Louis G. Suntzeff, Nicholas B. Thomas, Rollin C. Tonry, John L. Tornambe, Amedeo Truran, James W. Turatto, Massimo Turner, Michael Van Dyk, Schuyler D. Weiler, Kurt W. Wheeler, J. Craig Wood-Vasey, Michael Woosley, Stanford E. Yamaoka, Hitoshi TI EVIDENCE FOR TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA DIVERSITY FROM ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; distance scale; dust, extinction; supernovae: general; ultraviolet: general ID HIGH-VELOCITY FEATURES; WHITE-DWARF MODELS; LIGHT CURVES; MAXIMUM LIGHT; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; SYNTHETIC SPECTRA; HOST GALAXIES; K-CORRECTIONS AB We present ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and photometry of four Type Ia supernovae (SNe 2004dt, 2004ef, 2005M, and 2005cf) obtained with the UV prism of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. This data set provides unique spectral time series down to 2000 angstrom. Significant diversity is seen in the near-maximum-light spectra (similar to 2000-3500 angstrom) for this small sample. The corresponding photometric data, together with archival data from Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope observations, provide further evidence of increased dispersion in the UV emission with respect to the optical. The peak luminositiesmeasured in the uvw1/F250W filter are found to correlate with the B-band light-curve shape parameter Delta m(15)(B), but with much larger scatter relative to the correlation in the broadband B band (e.g., similar to 0.4 mag versus similar to 0.2 mag for those with 0.8 mag < Delta m(15)(B) < 1.7 mag). SN 2004dt is found as an outlier of this correlation (at > 3 sigma), being brighter than normal SNe Ia such as SN 2005cf by similar to 0.9 mag and similar to 2.0 mag in the uvw1/F250W and uvm2/F220W filters, respectively. We show that different progenitor metallicity or line-expansion velocities alone cannot explain such a large discrepancy. Viewing-angle effects, such as due to an asymmetric explosion, may have a significant influence on the flux emitted in the UV region. Detailed modeling is needed to disentangle and quantify the above effects. C1 [Wang, Xiaofeng] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaofeng] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys THCA, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaofeng; Wang, Lifan; Krisciunas, Kevin; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, Xiaofeng; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Li, Weidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baron, Eddie] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kromer, Markus; Hillebrandt, Wolfgang; Mazzali, Paolo A.; Reinecke, Martin] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Jack, Dennis] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Zhang, Tianmeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ China, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Aldering, Greg; Goldhaber, Gerson; Lee, Brian C.; Nugent, Peter E.; Perlmutter, Saul; Scalzo, Richard A.; Siegrist, James; Spadafora, Anthony; Thomas, Rollin C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Antilogus, Pierre] Lab Phys Nucl Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Arnett, W. David; Milne, Peter A.; Pinto, Philip] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Baade, Dietrich; Leibundgut, Bruno; Spyromilio, Jason] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Barris, Brian J.; Tonry, John L.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Benetti, Stefano; Cappellaro, Enrico; Mazzali, Paolo A.] Osserv Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Bouchet, Patrice] CEA, Serv Astrophys, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Burrows, Adam S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Canal, Ramon; Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar] Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meterorol, Barcelona 8007, Spain. [Carlberg, Raymond G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada. [di Carlo, Elisa] Osservatorio Astron Teramo, INAF, I-64100 Treamo, Italy. [Challis, Peter J.; Foley, Ryan J.; Kirshner, Robert P.; Soderberg, Alicia M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Crotts, Arlin P. S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Danziger, John I.; Turatto, Massimo] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Della Valle, Massimo] INAF Napoli, Capodimonte Astron Observ, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Della Valle, Massimo] Int Ctr Relativist Astrophys, I-65122 Pescara, Italy. [Fink, Michael] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Fransson, Claes; Kozma, Cecilia; Lundqvist, Peter; Sollerman, Jesper] Stockholm Univ, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Gal-Yam, Avishay] Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Garnavich, Peter M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Gerardy, Chris L.; Hoeflich, Peter] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Hamuy, Mario] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Holland, Stephen T.; Sonneborn, George] NASA, Lab Observat Cosmol, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Holz, Daniel E.; Khokhlov, Alexei M.; Truran, James W.; Turner, Michael] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Holz, Daniel E.; Khokhlov, Alexei M.; Truran, James W.; Turner, Michael] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Hughes, John P.; Jha, Saurabh W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Jeffery, David J.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Kasen, Dan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Knop, Robert A.] Quest Univ Canada, Dept Phys, Squamish, BC, Canada. [Lentz, Eric J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Leonard, Douglas C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Lewin, Walter H. G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Livio, Mario; Panagia, Nino; Riess, Adam G.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Maoz, Dan] Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Matheson, Thomas] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Meikle, Peter] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Miknaitis, Gajus] Ctr Neighborhood Technol, Chicago, IL 60647 USA. [Mochnacki, Stefan W.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada. [Nomoto, Ken'ichi; Oran, Elaine S.] Univ Tokyo, IPMU, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Phillips, Mark M.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Poznanski, Dovi] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Pritchet, Christopher J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Schlegel, Eric M.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Schmidt, Brian P.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Sramek, Richard A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Starrfield, Sumner G.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Strolger, Louis G.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Tornambe, Amedeo] Rome Astron Observ, INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy. [Van Dyk, Schuyler D.] CALTECH, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Weiler, Kurt W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wheeler, J. Craig] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wheeler, J. Craig] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wood-Vasey, Michael] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Woosley, Stanford E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Yamaoka, Hitoshi] Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. RP Wang, XF (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM wang_xf@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn RI Carlberg, Raymond/I-6947-2012; Nomoto, Ken'ichi/A-4393-2011; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; Wang, Xiaofeng/J-5390-2015; Lentz, Eric/M-7173-2015; Hamuy, Mario/G-7541-2016; OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; Della Valle, Massimo/0000-0003-3142-5020; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615; Scalzo, Richard/0000-0003-3740-1214; Van Dyk, Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950; Cappellaro, Enrico/0000-0001-5008-8619; Turatto, Massimo/0000-0002-9719-3157; Benetti, Stefano/0000-0002-3256-0016; Carlberg, Raymond/0000-0002-7667-0081; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Lentz, Eric/0000-0002-5231-0532; TORNAMBE, AMEDEO/0000-0002-6392-7378 FU National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11178003, 11073013, 10173003]; National Key Basic Research Science Foundation (NKBRSF) [TG199075402]; NSF [AST-0607485, AST-0908886, AST-0708873, AST-0707769]; TABASGO Foundation; US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-06ER41453, DE-FG02-08ER41563]; NASA [GO-10182, AR-12126, NAS 5-26555]; Space Telescope Science Institute [AR-12623]; WPI Initiative, MEXT, Japan; NASA ADP [NNX06AH85G]; ICM [P10-064-F]; CONICYT, Chile [150100003, PFB-06]; [ASI-INAF I/009/10/0] FX We thank Mark Sullivan and Andy Howell for their suggestions. Financial support for this work has been provided by the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC grants 11178003, 11073013, and 10173003) and the National Key Basic Research Science Foundation (NKBRSF TG199075402). A.V.F.'s group at U.C. Berkeley is grateful for the support of NSF grants AST-0607485 and AST-0908886, the TABASGO Foundation, and US Department of Energy grants DE-FC02-06ER41453 (SciDAC) and DE-FG02-08ER41563. Substantial financial support for this work was also provided by NASA through grants GO-10182, AR-12126, and AR-12623 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by Associated Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The work of L.W. is supported by NSF grant AST-0708873. J.C.W. is supported by NSF grant AST-0707769. K.N. is supported by WPI Initiative, MEXT, Japan. M.T., S.B., and E.C. are supported by grant ASI-INAF I/009/10/0. P.A.M. is supported by NASA ADP NNX06AH85G. The work of M.H. is supported by ICM grant P10-064-F and CONICYT grants 150100003 and PFB-06, Chile. NR 99 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 26 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 749 IS 2 AR 126 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/749/2/126 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 925TY UT WOS:000302785700030 ER PT J AU Miura, M Morris, GM Hopewell, JW Micca, PL Makar, MS Nawrocky, MM Renner, MW AF Miura, M. Morris, G. M. Hopewell, J. W. Micca, P. L. Makar, M. S. Nawrocky, M. M. Renner, M. W. TI Enhancement of the radiation response of EMT-6 tumours by a copper octabromotetracarboranylphenylporphyrin SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; GADOLINIUM(III) TEXAPHYRIN; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BORON; SPECTROSCOPY; RADIOTHERAPY; TEMOZOLOMIDE; PORPHYRINS; SENSITIZER AB Objective: The carborane-containing porphyrin, copper (II) 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octabromo-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-[1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboranyl]methoxyphenyl)-porphyrin (CuTCPBr), was investigated as a potential radiation enhancing agent for X-ray radiotherapy (XRT) in a subcutaneously implanted EMT-6 murine carcinoma. Method: The biodistribution and toxicological profile of this porphyrin has been shown to be favourable for another bimodal radiotherapy technique, boron neutron-capture therapy. For the XRT studies, CuTCPBr was formulated in either 9% Cremophor (R) (BASF Corporation, Ludwigschafen, Germany) EL and 18% propylene glycol (9% CRM) or a revised formulation comprising 1% Cremophor ELP, 2% Tween 80 (R) (JT Baker, Mansfield, MA), 5% ethanol and 2.2% PEG 400 (CTEP formulation), which would be more clinically acceptable than the original 9% CRM formulation. Using the 9% CRM formulation of CuTCPBr, doses of 100, 210 or 400 mg kg(-1) of body weight were used in combination with single doses of 25-35 Gy 100 kVp X-rays. Results: While doses of 100 mg kg(-1) and 210 mg kg(-1) did not result in any significant enhancement of tumour response, the 400mgkg 21 dose did. A dose modification factor of 1.20 +/- 0.10 was obtained based on the comparison of doses that produced a 50% local tumour control probability. With the CTEP formulation of CuTCPBr, doses of 83 and 170 mg kg(-1) produced significant radiation enhancement, with dose modification factors based on the TCP50 of 1.29 +/- 0.15 and 1.84 +/- 0.24, respectively. Conclusion: CuTCPBr significantly enhanced the efficacy of XRT in the treatment of EMT-6 carcinomas in mice. The CTEP formulation showed a marked improvement, with over 9% CRM being associated with higher dose modification factors. Moreover, the radiation response in the skin was not enhanced. C1 [Miura, M.; Morris, G. M.; Micca, P. L.; Makar, M. S.; Nawrocky, M. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hopewell, J. W.] Univ Oxford, Particle Therapy Canc Res Inst, Oxford, England. [Hopewell, J. W.] Univ Oxford, Green Templeton Coll, Oxford, England. [Renner, M. W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Miura, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, 30 Bell Ave,Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Miura@bnl.gov FU Psimei Pharmaceuticals Plc (Guildford, UK) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Psimei Pharmaceuticals Plc (Guildford, UK), with special thanks to Dr Bipin Patel (Psimei CEO) for his commitment and dedication to this project. The authors also wish to thank Dr Ian Flockhart (CEO) of Applied Analysis Ltd (East Yorkshire, UK) for the development of the CTEP formulation. The authors have no conflict of interest with either of these companies. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY PI LONDON PA 36 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 4AT, ENGLAND SN 0007-1285 J9 BRIT J RADIOL JI Br. J. Radiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1012 BP 443 EP 450 DI 10.1259/bjr/87260973 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 916XV UT WOS:000302137400027 PM 22096223 ER PT J AU Kilbey, SM Ankner, JF AF Kilbey, S. Michael, II Ankner, John F. TI Neutron reflectivity as a tool to understand polyelectrolyte brushes SO CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Polyelectrolytes; Polyelectrolyte brushes; Structure; Scattering; Neutron reflectivity ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) BRUSHES; GRAFTING DENSITY GRADIENTS; PROTEIN ADSORPTION; SWELLING BEHAVIOR; SURFACE; REFLECTOMETRY; INTERFACES; LAYERS; FORCES AB Because polyelectrolytes are perhaps the least understood form of soft synthetic matter, polyelectrolyte brushes are important model systems for learning how chain stretching is controlled by conditions that set the charge state of the system, as well as interactions with biological and bio-inspired molecules. Motivated by this fact, we describe situations where the application of neutron reflectivity to the study of polyelectrolyte brushes is poised to deepen understanding of the complex connections between charge and nanostructure. This theme is especially pertinent because the nanoscale structure dictates interactions across interfaces. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ankner, John F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kilbey, SM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mkilbey@utk.edu OI Ankner, John/0000-0002-6737-5718 FU National Science Foundation [0840249]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Science, Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX S.M. Kilbey acknowledges partial support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0840249, as well as interactions enabled through the User Programs of the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and the Spallation Neutron Source, both of which are sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Science, Department of Energy, under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1359-0294 J9 CURR OPIN COLLOID IN JI Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 2 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.cocis.2011.08.007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 929PZ UT WOS:000303079300005 ER PT J AU Cheng, YJ Holman, HY Lin, Z AF Cheng, Yangjian Holman, Hoi-Ying Lin, Zhang TI Remediation of Chromium and Uranium Contamination by Microbial Activity SO ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE toxic metal contaminants; chromium; uranium; biomineralization; bioremediation ID OCHROBACTRUM-ANTHROPI; U(VI) REDUCTION; BACTERIA; BIOREMEDIATION; CR(VI); SEDIMENTS; MECHANISM; CR(III); U(IV) AB Anthropogenic sources of the toxic metals chromium and uranium have contaminated the ecosystem and become major public and political concerns. Biomineralization, a process by which microorganisms transform aqueous metal ions into amorphous or crystalline precipitates, is regarded as a promising and cost-effective strategy for remediating chromium and uranium contamination. This review describes the potential and limitations of bioremediation for these two toxic metals and highlights the importance of biologically mediated transformation, immobilization, and mineralization of toxic metals during the course of remediation. It also provides nonspecialists with an introduction to several of the main approaches to remediation and acknowledges some questions about this technology that remain to be answered. C1 [Holman, Hoi-Ying] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cheng, Yangjian; Lin, Zhang] Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, State Key Lab Struct Chem, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Holman, HY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hyholman@lbl.gov; zlin@fjirsm.ac.cn RI Holman, Hoi-Ying/N-8451-2014 OI Holman, Hoi-Ying/0000-0002-7534-2625 FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2007CB815601, 2010CB933501]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [40902097, 40772034]; NSFC [21125730]; Chinese Academy of Science Foundation [KJCX2-YW-N50]; Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle [09ZXGK05]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE590 AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We would like to thank Drs. Liyun Lin and Hailiang Dong for their careful revisions of this manuscript. Financial support for this study was provided by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2007CB815601, 2010CB933501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (40902097, 40772034), the Outstanding Youth Fund of the NSFC (21125730), the Chinese Academy of Science Foundation (KJCX2-YW-N50), and the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (09ZXGK05). Additional funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy through contracts DE590 AC02-05CH11231 and DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 62 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 1811-5209 J9 ELEMENTS JI Elements PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.2113/gselements.8.2.107 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 928KO UT WOS:000302981800005 ER PT J AU Klemm, PJ Floyd, WC Andolina, CM Frechet, JMJ Raymond, KN AF Klemm, Piper J. Floyd, William C., III Andolina, Christopher M. Frechet, Jean M. J. Raymond, Kenneth N. TI Conjugation to Biocompatible Dendrimers Increases Lanthanide T2 Relaxivity of Hydroxypyridinone Complexes for Magnetic Resonance Imaging SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE MRI probes; Lanthanides; Dendrimers; Imaging agents; Conjugation ID MRI CONTRAST AGENTS; IN-VIVO EVALUATION; WATER-MOLECULES; III COMPLEXES; GADOLINIUM; STABILITY; NANOPARTICLES; LUMINESCENCE; PERFORMANCE; RELAXATION AB Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents represent a worldwide billion-dollar market annually. While T1 relaxivity enhancement contrast agents receive greater attention and a significantly larger market share, the commercial potential for T2 relaxivity enhancing contrast agents remains a viable diagnostic option because of their increased relaxivity at high field strengths. Improvement of the contrast and biocompatibility of T2 MRI probes may enable new diagnostic prospects for MRI. Paramagnetic lanthanides have the potential to decrease T1 and T2 proton relaxation times, but are not commercially used in MRI diagnostics as T2 agents. In this article, oxygen donor chelates (hydroxypyridinone, HOPO, and terephthalamide, TAM) of various lanthanides are demonstrated as biocompatible macromolecular dendrimer conjugates for the development of T2 MRI probes. These conjugates have relaxivities of up to 374 mM1?s1 per dendrimer, high bioavailability, and low in vitro toxicity. C1 [Klemm, Piper J.; Floyd, William C., III; Frechet, Jean M. J.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Andolina, Christopher M.; Frechet, Jean M. J.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Raymond, KN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Andolina, Christopher/D-4639-2013; OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 FU NIH [R01 EB 002047, HL069832]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences of the U.S. Department of Energy at LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors acknowledge NIH Grants R01 EB 002047 and HL069832. Work at LBNL is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences of the U.S. Department of Energy at LBNL under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Professor Christopher J. Chang for use of the 60-MHz relaxometer, and Adam D. Hill for assistance. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 IS 12 SI SI BP 2108 EP 2114 DI 10.1002/ejic.201101167 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 926WF UT WOS:000302861900022 ER PT J AU Yang, F Shen, YF Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Yang, Feng Shen, Yufeng Camp, David G., II Smith, Richard D. TI High-pH reversed-phase chromatography with fraction concatenation for 2D proteomic analysis SO EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Review DE 2D chromatographic separation; fraction concatenation; high-pH RP; SCX; shotgun proteomics analysis ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTIDIMENSIONAL LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; PEPTIDE SEPARATION; YEAST PROTEOME; HUMAN SERUM; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; CELLS; HPLC AB Orthogonal high-resolution separations are critical for attaining improved analytical dynamic range and protein coverage in proteomic measurements. High-pH reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), followed by fraction concatenation, affords better peptide analysis than conventional strong cation-exchange chromatography applied for 2D proteomic analysis. For example, concatenated high-pH RPLC increased identification of peptides (by 1.8-fold) and proteins (by 1.6-fold) in shotgun proteomics analyses of a digested human protein sample. Additional advantages of high-pH RPLC with fraction concatenation include improved protein sequence coverage, simplified sample processing and reduced sample losses, making this an attractive alternative to strong cation-exchange chromatography in conjunction with second-dimension low-pH RPLC for 2D proteomics analyses. C1 [Yang, Feng; Shen, Yufeng; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU National Center for Research Resources [5P41RR018522-10]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences from the NIH [8 P41 GM103493-10]; Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5P41RR018522-10) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P41 GM103493-10) from the NIH. Work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a US Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Science national scientific user facility at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington (USA). The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 32 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 6 U2 36 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-9450 J9 EXPERT REV PROTEOMIC JI Expert Rev. Proteomics PD APR PY 2012 VL 9 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1586/EPR.12.15 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 929AK UT WOS:000303033400009 PM 22462785 ER PT J AU Freedman, VL Waichler, SR Mackley, RD Horner, JA AF Freedman, Vicky L. Waichler, Scott R. Mackley, Rob D. Horner, Jake A. TI Assessing the thermal environmental impacts of an groundwater heat pump in southeastern Washington State SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE Geothermal; Open-loop heat pumps; Ground source heat pumps; GHPs; Groundwater ID DELAYED GRAVITY RESPONSE; UNCONFINED AQUIFERS; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN; RATES; FLOW AB A thermal analysis of a large-scale groundwater heat pump (GHP) installed in southeastern Washington State has been performed using a steady-state numerical modeling approach. Water temperature increases at the upgradient extraction wells in the system and at the downgradient Columbia River are potential concerns, especially since heat rejection to the subsurface will occur year-round. Hence, potential thermal impacts of the GHP were investigated to identify operational scenarios that minimized environmental impacts at the river, and temperature drift at the production wells. Simulations examined the sensitivity of the system to variations in pumping rates and injected water temperatures, as well as to hydraulic conductivity estimates of the aquifer. Results demonstrated that both downgradient and upgradient thermal impacts were more sensitive to injection flow rates than estimates of hydraulic conductivity. Higher injection rates at lower temperatures resulted in higher temperature increases at the extraction wells but lower increases at the river. Conversely, lower pumping rates and higher injected water temperatures resulted in a smaller temperature increase at the extraction wells, but a higher increase at the river. The scenario with lower pumping rates is operationally more efficient, but does increase the likelihood of a thermal plume discharging into the Columbia River. However, this impact would be mitigated by river water mixing with groundwater near the shoreline. Even though transient conditions were not considered, the approach demonstrated the potential for conflict between optimizing GHP operations and minimizing downgradient thermal impacts. The impact under current operational conditions is negligible, but future increases in heat rejection could require a compromise between maximizing operational efficiency and minimizing temperature increases at the shoreline. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Freedman, Vicky L.; Waichler, Scott R.; Mackley, Rob D.; Horner, Jake A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Freedman, VL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM vicky.freedman@pnl.gov NR 43 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD APR PY 2012 VL 42 BP 65 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2011.10.004 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA 927DZ UT WOS:000302888600006 ER PT J AU Travis, BJ Palguta, J Schubert, G AF Travis, B. J. Palguta, J. Schubert, G. TI A whole-moon thermal history model of Europa: Impact of hydrothermal circulation and salt transport SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Europa; Thermal histories; Geophysics; Interiors ID ICE SHELL; GALILEAN SATELLITES; SUBSURFACE OCEAN; GEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; INTERNAL STRUCTURE; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; CHAOS FORMATION; HEAT-FLUX; CONVECTION; CRUST AB A whole-moon numerical model of Europa is developed to simulate its thermal history. The thermal evolution covers three phases: (i) an initial, roughly 0.5 Gyr-long period of radiogenic heating and differentiation, (ii) a long period from 0.5 Gyr to 4 Gyr with continuing radiogenic heating but no tidal dissipative heating (TDH), and (iii) a final period covering the last 0.5 Gyr until the present, during which TDH is active. Hydrothermal plumes develop after the initial period of heating and differentiation and transport heat and salt from Europa's silicate mantle to its ice shell. We find that, even without TDH, vigorous hydrothermal convection in the rocky mantle can sustain flow in an ocean layer throughout Europa's history. When TDH becomes active, the ice shell melts quickly to a thickness of about 20 km, leaving an ocean 80 km or more deep. Parameterized convection in the ice shell is non-uniform spatially, changes over time, and is tied to the deeper ocean-mantle dynamics. We also find that the dynamics are affected by salt concentrations. An initially non-uniform salt distribution retards plume penetration, but is homogenized over time by turbulent diffusion and time-dependent flow driven by initial thermal gradients. After homogenization, the uniformly distributed salt concentrations are no longer a major factor in controlling plume transport. Salt transport leads to the formation of a heterogeneous brine layer and salt inclusions at the bottom of the ice shell; the presence of salt in the ice shell could strongly influence convection in that layer. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Palguta, J.; Schubert, G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Travis, B. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Computat Geosci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schubert, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM schubert@ucla.edu FU Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos National Laboratory; NASA [NNX09AP29G] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos National Laboratory and by the NASA Outer Planets Research Program, NASA NNX09AP29G. NR 99 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2012 VL 218 IS 2 BP 1006 EP 1019 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.02.008 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 927BV UT WOS:000302882800019 ER PT J AU Burgos, R Chen, G Wang, F Boroyevich, D Odendaal, WG van Wyk, JD AF Burgos, Rolando Chen, Gang Wang, Fred Boroyevich, Dushan Odendaal, Willem Gerhardus van Wyk, Jacobus Daniel TI Reliability-Oriented Design of Three-Phase Power Converters for Aircraft Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID MODULES AB This paper presents a reliability-oriented design (ROD) procedure for three-phase power converters in aircraft applications. These require the highest reliability levels for all its components-as high as space applications; hence the need to maximize the reliability of three-phase power converters, which are in increasing demand and use in commercial and military aircrafts as a result of the more-electric aircraft (MEA) initiative. Specifically, the proposed procedure takes reliability up-front in the design process of power converters, carrying out the design in three steps. First, the identification of critical system components; second, the assessment of reliability factors such as risk analysis, failure mode analysis, and fishbone diagrams; and third, the actual design, which is carried out by minimizing system complexity and stress, and by the use of the most reliable components, materials, and structures. To this end, reliability models were developed for all critical components based on the military handbook MIL-HDBK-217F, and field and vendor data. For verification purposes, the paper includes the ROD of a 60 kW three-phase power converter for aircraft applications together with experimental results of the prototype constructed. C1 [Burgos, Rolando] ABB Corp Res, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Chen, Gang] ON Semicond, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Fred] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Wang, Fred] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN USA. [Boroyevich, Dushan; Odendaal, Willem Gerhardus] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Burgos, R (reprint author), ABB Corp Res, 940 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM rburgos@ieee.org FU National Science Foundation [EEC-9731677] FX This work made use of ERC Shared Facilities supported by the National Science Foundation under Award EEC-9731677. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD APR PY 2012 VL 48 IS 2 BP 1249 EP 1263 DI 10.1109/TAES.2012.6178060 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 923VE UT WOS:000302647400022 ER PT J AU Galletti, M Zrnic, DS Melnikov, VM Doviak, RJ AF Galletti, Michele Zrnic, Dusan S. Melnikov, Valery M. Doviak, Richard J. TI Degree of Polarization at Horizontal Transmit: Theory and Applications for Weather Radar SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Antenna radiation pattern; copolar radiation pattern; cross-channel coupling; cross-polar correlation coefficient; cross-polar radiation pattern; degree of polarization at horizontal transmit; linear depolarization ratio (LDR) ID COHERENCE; CLASSIFICATION; RADIATION; CLUTTER AB This paper considers weather radar measurements at linear depolarization ratio (LDR) mode, consisting of transmission of horizontal polarization and simultaneous reception of the copolar (horizontal) and cross-polar (vertical) components of the returned wave. Such a system yields the coherency matrix, with four degrees of freedom. After a theoretical analysis of its structure and symmetries, we focus on three cross-polarization variables: LDR, cross-polar correlation coefficient at horizontal transmit (rho(xh)), and degree of polarization at horizontal transmit (p(H)). The different properties of these variables with respect to backscattering and propagation are analyzed, together with the bias induced by antenna cross-channel coupling. It is demonstrated that the degree of polarization at horizontal transmit possesses attractive properties in terms of robustness to propagation effects and antenna cross-channel coupling. C1 [Galletti, Michele] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Zrnic, Dusan S.; Melnikov, Valery M.; Doviak, Richard J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA. RP Galletti, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mgalletti@bnl.gov; dusan.zrnic@noaa.gov; Valery.Melnikov@noaa.gov; Dick.Doviak@noaa.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD APR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 4 BP 1291 EP 1301 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2167516 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 922EH UT WOS:000302529100024 ER PT J AU Fochuk, P Grill, R Kopach, O Bolotnikov, AE Belas, E Bugar, M Camarda, G Chan, W Cui, Y Hossain, A Kim, KH Nakonechnyi, I Panchuk, O Yang, G James, RB AF Fochuk, P. Grill, R. Kopach, O. Bolotnikov, A. E. Belas, E. Bugar, M. Camarda, G. Chan, W. Cui, Y. Hossain, A. Kim, K. H. Nakonechnyi, I. Panchuk, O. Yang, G. James, R. B. TI Elimination of Te Inclusions in Cd1-xZnxTe Crystals by Short-term Thermal Annealing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Annealing; Cd0.9Zn0.1Te; component overpressure; crystals; inclusions ID CDZNTE DETECTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CDTE; DEFECTS; PERFORMANCE; REDUCTION; (CDZN)TE; QUALITY AB The presence of Te inclusions degrades the quality of today's CdZnTe (CZT) crystals used for X-and gamma-ray detectors; both their sizes and concentrations densities must be reduced. Over the past years, many researchers proposed using long-term annealing (>24 h) under Cd vapor pressure to reduce or even eliminate the inclusions visible under IR microscopes. We annealed detector-grade CZT samples for periods of 15 to 60 min under Cd-, Zn-, or Te-overpressure or in vacuum at 1000-1200 K. We determined the optimal temperature, duration, and the vapor atmosphere for such high-temperature annealing, typically at similar to 1100 K for 0.5-1.0 h. The results were very promising in eliminating Te-rich inclusions, even on twins where the inclusions are more stable than in the unperturbed lattice; indeed, we saw almost no inclusions whatsoever by IR transmission microscopy after such annealing. We note that eliminating inclusions at lower temperatures takes much longer. However, annealing under a Cd vapor pressure at temperatures above similar to 1170 K generates a large quantity of irregular Cd inclusions. The samples' resistance after annealing was estimated by I-V curves. C1 [Fochuk, P.; Kopach, O.; Nakonechnyi, I.; Panchuk, O.] Chernivtsi Natl Univ, Chernovtsy, Ukraine. [Grill, R.; Belas, E.; Bugar, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Bolotnikov, A. E.; Camarda, G.; Cui, Y.; Hossain, A.; Kim, K. H.; Yang, G.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chan, W.] Alabama A&M Univ, Huntsville, AL 35810 USA. RP Fochuk, P (reprint author), Chernivtsi Natl Univ, Chernovtsy, Ukraine. EM p.fochuk@chnu.edu.ua; wiong.chan@aamu.edu RI Grill, Roman/A-2109-2008; Fochuk, Petro/D-9409-2016; Panchuk, Oleg/C-1764-2017; Kopach, Oleh/C-3993-2017; OI Grill, Roman/0000-0002-4615-8909; Fochuk, Petro/0000-0002-4149-4882; Panchuk, Oleg/0000-0003-3906-1858; Kopach, Oleh/0000-0002-1513-5261; Nakonechnyi, Igor/0000-0003-3955-2833 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886]; Ministry of Education of the Ukraine [0110U000197]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [MSM0021620834] FX Manuscript received March 21, 2011; revised June 21, 2011, August 31, 2011, and November 20, 2011; accepted January 02, 2012. Date of publication March 06, 2012; date of current version April 13, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development, NA-22. The manuscript has been authorized by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education of the Ukraine (the research program 0110U000197). This work is also part of the research program MSM0021620834 financed by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 25 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 256 EP 263 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2187069 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 928BD UT WOS:000302953700002 ER PT J AU Marchini, L Zappettini, A Zha, M Zambelli, N Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS James, RB AF Marchini, L. Zappettini, A. Zha, M. Zambelli, N. Bolotnikov, A. E. Camarda, G. S. James, R. B. TI Crystal Defects in CdZnTe Crystals Grown by the Modified Low-Pressure Bridgman Method SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CdZnTe; crystal defects ID DETECTORS; TELLURIDE AB Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) is among the most promising materials for room-temperature X- and gamma-ray detectors. However, crystal defects such as Te inclusions and subgrain boundaries significantly hamper their performances. In this work, we evaluated CZT crystals grown by the modified low-pressure Bridgman technique at the IMEM Institute, Parma. We characterized the crystals by IR microscopy to identify the sizes and concentrations of the Te inclusions, along with high spatial resolution X-ray response mapping to measure the uniformity of their charge-transport properties. In addition, we employed white X-ray beam diffraction topography to analyze their crystalline structure. C1 [Marchini, L.; Zappettini, A.; Zha, M.; Zambelli, N.] IMEM CNR, I-43124 Parma, Italy. [Marchini, L.; Bolotnikov, A. E.; Camarda, G. S.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Marchini, L (reprint author), IMEM CNR, I-43124 Parma, Italy. OI ZAPPETTINI, ANDREA/0000-0002-6916-2716 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 29 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1109/TNS.2011.2181414 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 928BD UT WOS:000302953700003 ER PT J AU Andreani, A Andreazza, A Annovi, A Beretta, M Bevacqua, V Blazey, G Bogdan, M Bossini, E Boveia, A Cavaliere, V Canelli, F Cervigni, F Cheng, Y Citterio, M Crescioli, F Dell'Orso, M Drake, G Dunford, M Giannetti, P Giorgi, F Hoff, J Kapliy, A Kasten, M Kim, YK Kimura, N Lanza, A Li, HL Liberali, V Liu, T Magalotti, D McCarn, A Melachrinos, C Meroni, C Negri, A Neubauer, M Olsen, J Penning, B Piendibene, M Proudfoot, J Riva, M Roda, C Sabatini, F Sacco, I Shochet, M Stabile, A Tang, F Tang, J Tripiccione, R Tuggle, J Vercesi, V Villa, M Vitillo, RA Volpi, G Webster, J Yorita, K Zhang, J AF Andreani, A. Andreazza, A. Annovi, A. Beretta, M. Bevacqua, V. Blazey, G. Bogdan, M. Bossini, E. Boveia, A. Cavaliere, V. Canelli, F. Cervigni, F. Cheng, Y. Citterio, M. Crescioli, F. Dell'Orso, M. Drake, G. Dunford, M. Giannetti, P. Giorgi, F. Hoff, J. Kapliy, A. Kasten, M. Kim, Y. K. Kimura, N. Lanza, A. Li, H. L. Liberali, V. Liu, T. Magalotti, D. McCarn, A. Melachrinos, C. Meroni, C. Negri, A. Neubauer, M. Olsen, J. Penning, B. Piendibene, M. Proudfoot, J. Riva, M. Roda, C. Sabatini, F. Sacco, I. Shochet, M. Stabile, A. Tang, F. Tang, J. Tripiccione, R. Tuggle, J. Vercesi, V. Villa, M. Vitillo, R. A. Volpi, G. Webster, J. Yorita, K. Zhang, J. TI The FastTracker Real Time Processor and Its Impact on Muon Isolation, Tau and b-Jet Online Selections at ATLAS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Associative memory; FPGAS; particle tracking; pattern recognition ID HADRON COLLIDER TRIGGERS; TRACK PROCESSOR; CDF; PERFORMANCE; UPGRADE AB As the LHC luminosity is ramped up to 3 x 10(34) cm(2) s(-1) and beyond, the high rates, multiplicities, and energies of particles seen by the detectors will pose a unique challenge. Only a tiny fraction of the produced collisions can be stored offline and immense real-time data reduction is needed. An effective trigger system must maintain high trigger efficiencies for the physics we are most interested in while suppressing the enormous QCD backgrounds. This requires massive computing power to minimize the online execution time of complex algorithms. A multi-level trigger is an effective solution to meet this challenge. The Fast Tracker (FTK) is an upgrade to the current ATLAS trigger system that will operate at full Level-1 output rates and provide high-quality tracks reconstructed over the entire inner detector by the start of processing in the Level-2 Trigger. FTK solves the combinatorial challenge inherent to tracking by exploiting the massive parallelism of associative memories that can compare inner detector hits to millions of pre-calculated patterns simultaneously. The tracking problem within matched patterns is further simplified by using pre-computed linearized fitting constants and relying on fast DSPs in modern commercial FPGAs. Overall, FTK is able to compute the helix parameters for all tracks in an event and apply quality cuts in less than 100 mu s. The system design is defined and the performance presented with respect to high transverse momentum (high-p(T)) Level-2 objects: b jets, tau jets, and isolated leptons. We test FTK algorithms using the full ATLAS simulation with WH events up to 3 x 10(34) cm(2) s(1) luminosity and compare the FTK results with the offline tracking capability. We present the architecture and the reconstruction performance for the mentioned high-p(T) Level-2 objects. C1 [Andreani, A.; Andreazza, A.; Citterio, M.; Liberali, V.; Meroni, C.; Riva, M.; Sabatini, F.; Stabile, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Andreani, A.; Andreazza, A.; Liberali, V.; Riva, M.; Stabile, A.] Univ Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Annovi, A.; Beretta, M.; Volpi, G.] INFN LNF, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Bevacqua, V.; Cervigni, F.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Giannetti, P.; Piendibene, M.; Roda, C.; Vitillo, R. A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bevacqua, V.; Cervigni, F.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Piendibene, M.; Roda, C.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Blazey, G.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Blazey, G.; Drake, G.; Proudfoot, J.; Zhang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bogdan, M.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Cheng, Y.; Dunford, M.; Kapliy, A.; Kim, Y. K.; Li, H. L.; Melachrinos, C.; Shochet, M.; Tang, F.; Tang, J.; Tuggle, J.; Webster, J.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bossini, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Bossini, E.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Cavaliere, V.; Kasten, M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M.] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Canelli, F.; Kim, Y. K.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Giorgi, F.; Villa, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Giorgi, F.; Villa, M.] Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Hoff, J.; Liu, T.; Olsen, J.; Penning, B.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Lanza, A.; Negri, A.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Magalotti, D.] Univ Perugia, I-06132 Perugia, Italy. [Magalotti, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06132 Perugia, Italy. [Negri, A.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Sacco, I.] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Tech Informat, D-68135 Mannheim, Germany. [Tripiccione, R.] Univ Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy. RP Andreani, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM alberto.stabile@unimi.it; mauro.citterio@mi.infn.it; mauro.dellorso@pi.infn.it; paola.giannetti@pi.infn.it; agostino.lanza@pv.infn.it; valentino.lib-erali@unimi.it; thliu@fnal.gov; chiara.meroni@mi.infn.it; shochet@hep.uchicago.edu; valerio.vercesi@pv.infn.it; kohei.yorita@waseda.jp; jinlong@mail.cern.ch RI Giorgi, Filippo Maria/I-7602-2012; Negri, Andrea/J-2455-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Stabile, Alberto/F-2889-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Stabile, Alberto/L-3419-2016 OI Liberali, Valentino/0000-0003-1333-6876; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Bossini, Edoardo/0000-0002-2303-2588; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Giorgi, Filippo Maria/0000-0003-1589-2163; tripiccione, raffaele/0000-0002-8516-2492; Volpi, Guido/0000-0003-1058-8883; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Stabile, Alberto/0000-0002-6868-8329 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; European Commission [FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF]; National Science Foundation; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; European community [254410-ARTLHCFE]; Ministero degli Affari Esteri-Direzione Generale per la Promozione e la Cooperazione Culturale (Italy-Japan) FX Manuscript received June 13, 2011; revised November 26, 2011; accepted November 30, 2011. Date of publication January 26, 2012; date of current version April 13, 2012. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and the European Commission with the FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF Programme (G. Volpi is a Marie Curie fellow). The Fast Tracker project receives support from Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, from the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation, from Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, from European community FP7 (Marie Curie OIF Project 254410-ARTLHCFE), and from Ministero degli Affari Esteri-Direzione Generale per la Promozione e la Cooperazione Culturale (Italy-Japan cooperation program). NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 348 EP 357 DI 10.1109/TNS.2011.2179670 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 928BD UT WOS:000302953700013 ER PT J AU Eagleman, Y Bourret-Courchesne, E Derenzo, SE AF Eagleman, Yetta Bourret-Courchesne, Edith Derenzo, Stephen E. TI Investigation of Eu2+ Doped Barium Silicates as Scintillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Europium; radiation detection; scintillation; silicates ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HOST LATTICES; FLUORESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; REFINEMENT; PHOSPHOR AB Room-temperature scintillation properties were determined for five Eu2+ doped compounds in the Ba-Si-O ternary system: Ba2SiO4, BaSiO3, Ba2Si3O8, Ba5Si8O21, and BaSi2O5. These materials were synthesized as polycrystalline powders from conventional solid-state reactions. Of the materials studied, Ba2SiO4 : 0.2% Eu2+ is the most luminous scintillator having a luminosity of 2.7 times the reference material, Bi4Ge3O12. Its scintillation decay curve is comprised of two components with lifetimes of 242 and 668 ns. C1 [Eagleman, Yetta; Bourret-Courchesne, Edith; Derenzo, Stephen E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Eagleman, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ydeagleman@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and was carried out at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 44 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 479 EP 486 DI 10.1109/TNS.2011.2179559 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 928BD UT WOS:000302953700029 ER PT J AU Liao, SL Gopalsami, N Koehl, ER Elmer, TW Heifetz, A Chien, HT Raptis, AC AF Liao, Shaolin Gopalsami, Nachappa Koehl, Eugene R. Elmer, Thomas W., II Heifetz, Alexander Chien, Hual-Te Raptis, Apostolos C. TI Nuclear Radiation-Induced Atmospheric Air Breakdown in a Spark Gap SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Air breakdown; breakdown voltage; millimeter wave (mmW); nuclear radiation; spark gap ID MICROWAVE BREAKDOWN; AFTERGLOW; DIFFUSION; NEON AB We have investigated the effect of pre-ionization by a radioactive Cs-137 gamma-ray source on the atmospheric air breakdown conditions in a high-voltage spark gap. A standoff millimeter-wave (mmW) system was used to monitor the breakdown properties. A decrease in breakdown threshold was observed with an increase of radiation dose. We attribute this to a space charge-controlled electron diffusion process in a cloud of radiation-induced ion species of both polarities. The space charge-dependent diffusion coefficient was determined from the measurement data. In addition, we found that the breakdown process shows random spikes with Poisson-like statistical feature. These findings portend the feasibility of remote detection of nuclear radiation using high-power mm Ws. C1 [Liao, Shaolin; Gopalsami, Nachappa; Koehl, Eugene R.; Elmer, Thomas W., II; Heifetz, Alexander; Chien, Hual-Te; Raptis, Apostolos C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liao, SL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sliao@anl.gov; goplasami@anl.gov; dick.koehl@anl.gov; elmer@anl.gov; aheifetz@anl.gov; htchien@anl.gov; raptis@anl.gov OI Elmer, Thomas/0000-0003-0363-5928 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency under the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 990 EP 994 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2187343 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 924UM UT WOS:000302716800004 ER PT J AU Castano, CH Aghazarian, M Caughman, JBO Ruzic, DN AF Castano, Carlos H. Aghazarian, Maro Caughman, John B. O., II Ruzic, David N. TI Visual and Electrical Evidence Supporting a Two-Plasma Mechanism of Vacuum Breakdown Initiation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Breakdown model; plasma material interactions; unipolar arc; vacuum breakdown ID UNIPOLAR ARC MODEL; EMISSION AB The energy available during vacuum breakdown between copper electrodes at high vacuum was limited using resistors in series with the vacuum gap and arresting diodes. Surviving features observed with SEM in postmortem samples were tentatively correlated with electrical signals captured during breakdown using a Rogowski coil and a high-voltage probe. The visual and electrical evidence is consistent with the qualitative model of vacuum breakdown by unipolar arc formation by Schwirzke [1, 2]. The evidence paints a picture of two plasmas of different composition and scale being created during vacuum breakdown: an initial plasma made of degassed material from the metal surface, ignites a plasma made up of the electrode material. C1 [Castano, Carlos H.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Aghazarian, Maro; Ruzic, David N.] Univ Illinois, Ctr Plasma Mat Interact, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Caughman, John B. O., II] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Castano, CH (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM castanoc@mst.edu; marojan@gmail.com; caughmanjb@ornl.gov; druzic@illinois.edu RI Caughman, John/R-4889-2016 OI Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER54765, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEFG02-91-ER45439]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This project was funded at the University of Illinois by the U.S. Department of Energy with Grant DE-FG02-04ER54765 (contract monitored by T. V. George), and supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. SEM images were obtained in the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois, which is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DEFG02-91-ER45439. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1217 EP 1222 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2186466 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 924UM UT WOS:000302716800034 ER PT J AU Levine, LE Geantil, P Larson, BC Tischler, JZ Kassner, ME Liu, WJ AF Levine, Lyle E. Geantil, Peter Larson, Bennett C. Tischler, Jonathan Z. Kassner, Michael E. Liu, Wenjun TI Validating classical line profile analyses using microbeam diffraction from individual dislocation cell walls and cell interiors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID RANGE INTERNAL-STRESSES; COPPER SINGLE-CRYSTALS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DEFORMED COPPER; DEFORMATION STRUCTURES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ELASTIC STRAINS; RESOLUTION; SUBGRAINS AB Dislocation structures in deformed metals produce broad asymmetric diffraction line profiles. During analysis, these profiles are generally separated into two nearly symmetric subprofiles corresponding to diffraction by dislocation cell walls and cell interiors. These subprofiles are then interpreted using complex models of dislocation-based line broadening. Until now, it has not been possible to test the many assumptions that are made in such an analysis. Here, depthresolved microbeam diffraction was used to measure diffraction line profiles from numerous individual dislocation cell walls and cell interiors in a heavily deformed Cu single crystal. Summing these profiles directly constructed the cellinterior and cell-wall subprofiles that have been approximated in the line profile analysis literature for the past 30 years. Direct comparison between the reconstructed subprofiles and the macroscopic asymmetric line profile from the same sample allows the first direct tests of many of the assumptions that have been used for interpreting these X-ray measurements. C1 [Levine, Lyle E.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Geantil, Peter; Kassner, Michael E.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Larson, Bennett C.; Tischler, Jonathan Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Liu, Wenjun] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Levine, LE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM lyle.levine@nist.gov FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; National Science Foundation [DMR-901838]; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Southern California was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; MEK acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through grant No. DMR-901838; the XOR/UNI facilities on Sectors 33 and 34 at the APS are supported by the DOE Office of Science under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 45 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1107/S0021889812001616 PN 2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 926CG UT WOS:000302808300001 ER PT J AU Huang, XR Macrander, AT Honnicke, MG Cai, YQ Fernandez, P AF Huang, X. R. Macrander, A. T. Honnicke, M. G. Cai, Y. Q. Fernandez, Patricia TI Dispersive spread of virtual sources by asymmetric X-ray monochromators SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; PERFECT CRYSTALS; OPTICAL-ELEMENTS; SCATTERING; RESOLUTION; DIFFRACTION; BEAMS; DIFFRACTOMETER; REFLECTIONS; COHERENCE AB The principles of the virtual source spread (spatial broadening) phenomenon induced by angular dispersion in asymmetric X-ray Bragg reflections are illustrated, from which the virtual source properties are analyzed for typical high-resolution multiple-crystal monochromators, including inline four-bounce dispersive monochromators, back-reflection-dispersion monochromators and nondispersive nested channel-cut monochromators. It is found that dispersive monochromators can produce spread virtual sources of a few millimetres in size, which may prevent efficient microfocusing of the beam as required by inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy and other applications. Possible schemes to mitigate this problem are discussed. The analyses may provide important guidelines for designing and optimizing modern high-precision synchrotron X-ray optics and beamline instrumentation for spectroscopy, imaging and nanofocusing applications. C1 [Huang, X. R.; Macrander, A. T.; Fernandez, Patricia] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Honnicke, M. G.; Cai, Y. Q.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Honnicke, M. G.] Univ Fed Goias, BR-75800000 Jatai, Go, Brazil. RP Huang, XR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM xiahuang@aps.anl.gov RI Cai, Yong/C-5036-2008; Honnicke, Marcelo/I-8624-2012 OI Cai, Yong/0000-0002-9957-6426; FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC-02-06CH11357, DEAC-02-98CH10886] FX We thank Q. Shen, T. Gog and L. Assoufid for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract Nos. DE-AC-02-06CH11357 and DEAC-02-98CH10886. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 45 BP 255 EP 262 DI 10.1107/S0021889812003366 PN 2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 926CG UT WOS:000302808300013 ER PT J AU Ilavsky, J AF Ilavsky, Jan TI Nika: software for two-dimensional data reduction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Software Review ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; SMALL-ANGLE; INSTRUMENT AB Nika is an Igor Pro-based package for correction, calibration and reduction of two-dimensional area-detector data into one-dimensional data ('lineouts'). It is free (although the user needs a paid license for Igor Pro), open source and highly flexible. While typically used for small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data, it can also be used for grazing-incidence SAXS data, wide-angle diffraction data and even small-angle neutron scattering data. It has been widely available to the user community since about 2005, and it is currently used at the SAXS instruments of selected large-scale facilities as their main data reduction package. It is, however, also suitable for desktop instruments when the manufacturer's software is not available or appropriate. Since it is distributed as source code, it can be scrutinized, verified and modified by users to suit their needs. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ilavsky, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ilavsky@aps.anl.gov RI Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013; USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013 OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900; NR 10 TC 144 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 45 BP 324 EP 328 DI 10.1107/S0021889812004037 PN 2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 926CG UT WOS:000302808300021 ER PT J AU Aitken, JB Lay, PA Duong, TTH Aran, R Witting, PK Harris, HH Lai, B Vogt, S Giles, G AF Aitken, Jade B. Lay, Peter A. Duong, T. T. Hong Aran, Roshanak Witting, Paul K. Harris, Hugh H. Lai, Barry Vogt, Stefan Giles, Gregory I. TI Synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission studies of the antioxidant mechanism of the organoselenium drug ebselen SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant; Drug; Ebselen; Organoselenium; Synchrotron-radiation-induced X-ray emission ID SELENOORGANIC ANTIOXIDANT; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REDOX CATALYSTS; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; RESPONSIVE ELEMENT; SELENIUM-COMPOUNDS; LUNG-CELLS AB Synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission (SRIXE) spectroscopy was used to map the cellular uptake of the organoselenium-based antioxidant drug ebselen using differentiated ND15 cells as a neuronal model. The cellular SRIXE spectra, acquired using a hard X-ray microprobe beam (12.8-keV), showed a large enhancement of fluorescence at the K-alpha line for Se (11.2-keV) following treatment with ebselen (10 mu M) at time periods from 60 to 240 min. Drug uptake was quantified and ebselen was shown to induce time-dependent changes in cellular elemental content that were characteristic of oxidative stress with the efflux of K, Cl, and Ca species. The SRIXE cellular Se distribution map revealed that ebselen was predominantly localized to a discreet region of the cell which, by comparison with the K and P elemental maps, is postulated to correspond to the endoplasmic reticulum. On the basis of these findings, it is hypothesized that a major outcome of ebselen redox catalysis is the induction of cellular stress. A mechanism of action of ebselen is proposed that involves the cell responding to drug-induced stress by increasing the expression of antioxidant genes. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that ebselen also regulated the homeostasis of the transition metals Mn, Cu, Fe, and Zn, with increases in transition metal uptake paralleling known induction times for the expression of antioxidant metalloenzymes. C1 [Aitken, Jade B.; Lay, Peter A.] Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Aitken, Jade B.] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Aitken, Jade B.] KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Duong, T. T. Hong] Macquarie Univ, Australian Sch Adv Med, Discipline Neurosurg, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Aran, Roshanak; Witting, Paul K.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Discipline Pathol, Bosch Res Inst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Harris, Hugh H.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Lai, Barry; Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Giles, Gregory I.] Univ Otago, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Lay, PA (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM peter.lay@chem.usyd.edu.au; gregory.giles@otago.ac.nz RI Lay, Peter/B-4698-2014; Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013; OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Lay, Peter/0000-0002-3232-2720; Harris, Hugh/0000-0002-3472-8628 FU University of Sydney; Australian Research Council (ARC); ARC QEII; ARC Australian; National Heart Foundation; Australian Synchrotron Research Program (ASRP); Commonwealth of Australia; US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX We are grateful for financial support provided by a University of Sydney Postdoctoral Fellowship (G.I.G), Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery grants (P.A.L., H.H.H., and P.K.W.), including an ARC Australian Professorial Fellowship (to P.A.L), an ARC QEII Fellowship (to H.H.H.), and an ARC Australian Research Fellowship (to P.K.W.), a National Heart Foundation Grant-in-Aid (to P.K.W), and an Australian Synchrotron Research Program (ASRP) grant for access to the Advanced Photon Source facilities. The ASRP was funded by the Commonwealth of Australia under the Major National Research Facilities Program. The use of Advanced Photon Source facilities was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under contract number W-31-109-Eng-38. NR 58 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 4 BP 589 EP 598 DI 10.1007/s00775-012-0879-y PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 925OV UT WOS:000302771600009 PM 22327627 ER PT J AU Zhao, C Camaioni, DM Lercher, JA AF Zhao, Chen Camaioni, Donald M. Lercher, Johannes A. TI Selective catalytic hydroalkylation and deoxygenation of substituted phenols to bicycloalkanes SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Hydroalkylation; Zeolite; Hydrogenation; Alkylation; Phenol; C-C bond coupling ID ALKYLATION; ZEOLITES; ADSORPTION; LIQUID; HYDRODEOXYGENATION; HYDROGENATION; CYCLOHEXENE; CONVERSION; BENZENE; BIOMASS AB Phenol and substituted phenols are hydroalkylated and hydrodeoxygenated to bi-cycloalkanes in a tandem reaction over Pd nanoclusters supported on a large-pore molecular sieve HBEA at 473-523 K using water as solvent. The HBEA-supported Pd catalyst (metal-acid ratio: 1:22 mol/mol) optimally balances the competing rates of metal catalyzed hydrogenation as well as of solid acid-catalyzed dehydration and carbon-carbon coupling to combine hydrodeoxygenation and dimerization of phenol derivatives to C-12-C-18 bicycloalkanes in a single reaction sequence. A detailed kinetic study of the elementary reactions of (substituted) phenol and their potential products (cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, and cyclohexene) demonstrates that phenol selectively reacts with the in situ generated cyclohexanol or cyclohexene on Bronsted acid sites. The acid-catalyzed alkylation of phenol with alcohol intermediates and alcohol dehydration are parallel reactions, which are subtly influenced by the competing hydrogenation reactions as well as by the presence of water as solvent. IR spectroscopy of adsorbed species and preliminary molecular modeling indicate that phenol and cyclohexanol enrichment in the large pores of zeolite HBEA is critical for the high activity and hydroalkylation selectivity. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Catalysis Res Ctr, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Camaioni, Donald M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lercher, JA (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Catalysis Res Ctr, D-85747 Garching, Germany. EM johannes.lercher@ch.tum.de FU Technische Universitat Munchen; US Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences FX This work was supported by Technische Universitat Munchen in the framework of the European Graduate School for Sustainable Energy. The authors thank Prof. Andreas Jentys (TU Munchen, Germany) providing helpful advice in the molecular modeling section. In addition, we thank the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences for supporting DMC to collaborate on this work and contribute to the modeling study. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for DOE. NR 34 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 12 U2 182 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR PY 2012 VL 288 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.01.005 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 920VE UT WOS:000302435600011 ER PT J AU Crandell, LE Peters, CA Um, W Jones, KW Lindquist, WB AF Crandell, L. E. Peters, C. A. Um, W. Jones, K. W. Lindquist, W. B. TI Changes in the pore network structure of Hanford sediment after reaction with caustic tank wastes SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mineral precipitation; Porosity; SEM; Pore size distribution; Erosion dilation ID SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; NITRATE-CANCRINITE; UNSATURATED FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; QUARTZ SAND; PRECIPITATION; PERMEABILITY; CESIUM; DISSOLUTION; STRONTIUM AB At the former nuclear weapon production site in Hanford, WA, caustic radioactive tank waste leaks into subsurface sediments and causes dissolution of quartz and aluminosilicate minerals, and precipitation of sodalite and cancrinite. This work examines changes in pore structure due to these reactions in a previously-conducted column experiment. The column was sectioned and 2D images of the pore space were generated using backscattered electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A pre-precipitation scenario was created by digitally removing mineral matter identified as secondary precipitates. Porosity, determined by segmenting the images to distinguish pore space from mineral matter, was up to 0.11 less after reaction. Erosion-dilation analysis was used to compute pore and throat size distributions. Images with precipitation had more small and fewer large pores. Precipitation decreased throat sizes and the abundance of large throats. These findings agree with previous findings based on 3D X-ray CMT imaging, observing decreased porosity, clogging of small throats. and little change in large throats. However, 2D imaging found an increase in small pores, mainly in intragranular regions or below the resolution of the 3D images. Also, an increase in large pores observed via 3D imaging was not observed in the 2D analysis. Changes in flow conducting throats that are the key permeability-controlling features were observed in both methods. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peters, C. A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Um, W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jones, K. W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lindquist, W. B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Peters, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM cap@princeton.edu RI Beckingham, Lauren/K-4130-2012; Peters, Catherine/B-5381-2013 OI Beckingham, Lauren/0000-0002-8433-9532; Peters, Catherine/0000-0003-2418-795X FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER64747, DE-FG02-09ER64748, KP1702030-54908]; NSF MRSEC through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials [DMR-0819860] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Numbers DE-FG02-09ER64747 (SUNY Stony Brook); DE-FG02-09ER64748 (Princeton University); and KP1702030-54908 (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory). The information does not necessarily reflect the opinion or policy of the federal government and no official endorsement should be inferred. We also acknowledge the use of PRISM Imaging and Analysis Center, which is supported in part by the NSF MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials grant (DMR-0819860). NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 131 IS 1-4 BP 89 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.02.002 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 926QK UT WOS:000302845800008 PM 22360994 ER PT J AU Tandon, R Buchheit, TE Berry, DM AF Tandon, R. Buchheit, T. E. Berry, D. M. TI Elastic property differences in a multi-mode optical fiber and the effect on predicted mechanical lifetime SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Optical fibers; Nano-indentation; Elastic modulus; Strength; Mechanical reliability ID GLASS-FIBERS; HARDNESS; NANOINDENTATION; MODULUS; INDENTATION; FATIGUE; SILICA; LOAD AB Multi-mode optical fibers are used for high energy transmission. One configuration of such fibers has a fluorine-doped silica cladding, and a pure silica core. Nanoindentation measurements of elastic modulus and hardness in the core and cladding of such a fiber are presented, and compared to those in the preform. The cladding region is softer, and has a significantly lower elastic modulus than the core in both the fiber and preform. Ultrasonic measurements made on core and clad materials extracted from the preform confirm the observed elastic property differences in the fiber. Water-immersion mandrel wrap data for time to failure of up to similar to 1 year are analyzed to obtain allowable design stresses for 30 year lifetime for the fiber. Incorporating the lower clad elastic modulus leads to design stresses that are similar to 20-25% lower than those predicted without taking the correct modulus into account. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tandon, R.; Buchheit, T. E.; Berry, D. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tandon, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0889, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rtandon@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 358 IS 6-7 BP 1009 EP 1013 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.01.032 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928IS UT WOS:000302977000005 ER PT J AU Wee, SH Cantoni, C Zuev, YL Specht, ED Goyal, A AF Wee, Sung Hun Cantoni, Claudia Zuev, Yuri L. Specht, Eliot D. Goyal, Amit TI Phase Stability of Cubic Pyrochlore Rare Earth Tantalate Pinning Additives in YBa2Cu3O7-delta Superconductor SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FILMS; RE=PR; EU; DY; ND AB Phase stability of cubic-pyrochlore-structured RE3TaO7 (RTO, where RE = rare earth elements) pinning additives in YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) superconductor and the pinning properties influenced by RTO addition into YBCO films were investigated. RTO completely reacts with YBCO and is converted to cubic-double-perovskite-structured Ba2RETaO6 (BRETO), a more thermodynamically stable tantalate phase within YBCO. In RTO-doped YBCO films, BRETO self-assembled nanocolumns align along the c-axis of the film and play a major role in the improvement of flux pinning and J(c) performance over wide magnetic field and angular ranges. C1 [Wee, Sung Hun; Cantoni, Claudia; Specht, Eliot D.; Goyal, Amit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zuev, Yuri L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wee, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wees@ornl.gov RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021 FU U.S. DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability-Advanced Cables and Conductors [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX We thank SuperPower Inc. for providing IBAD-MgO templates with LaMnO3 cap layer. This research was sponsored by the U.S. DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability-Advanced Cables and Conductors under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC managing contractor for Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Research also supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1174 EP 1177 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05084.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 920JW UT WOS:000302401600005 ER PT J AU Crum, JV Turo, L Riley, B Tang, M Kossoy, A AF Crum, Jarrod V. Turo, Laura Riley, Brian Tang, Ming Kossoy, Anna TI Multi-Phase Glass-Ceramics as a Waste Form for Combined Fission Products: Alkalis, Alkaline Earths, Lanthanides, and Transition Metals SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PHASE-SEPARATION; NUCLEAR-WASTE; MOLYBDENUM; CRYSTALLIZATION; BOROSILICATE; IMMOBILIZATION; SYSTEM AB In this study, multi-phase borosilicate-based glass-ceramics were investigated as an alternative waste form for immobilizing non-fissionable products from used nuclear fuel. Currently, borosilicate glass is the waste form selected for immobilization of this waste stream, however, the low thermal stability and solubility of MoO3 in borosilicate glass translates into a maximum waste loading in the range 15-20 mass%. Glass-ceramics provide the opportunity to target chemically durable crystalline phases, e.g., powellite, oxyapatite, celsian, and pollucite that will incorporate MoO3 as well as other waste components such as lanthanides, alkalis, and alkaline earths at levels twice the solubility limits of a single-phase glass. In addition a glass-ceramic could provide higher thermal stability, depending upon the properties of the crystalline and amorphous phases. Here, glass-ceramics were synthesized at waste loadings of 42, 45, and 50 mass% with the following glass additives: B2O3, Al2O3, CaO, and SiO2 by slow-cooling from a glass melt. Glass-ceramics were characterized in terms of phase assemblage, morphology, and thermal stability. Only two of the targeted phases, powellite and oxyapatite, were observed, along with lanthanide-borosilicate and cerianite. Results of this initial investigation show promise of glass-ceramics as a potential waste form to replace single-phase borosilicate glass. C1 [Crum, Jarrod V.; Tang, Ming; Kossoy, Anna] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Turo, Laura; Riley, Brian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Crum, JV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jarrod.crum@pnnl.gov OI Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE); Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors would like to thank the Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) for funding this work under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program. The authors would also like to thank J. Vienna (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), T. Todd (Idaho National Laboratory), and J. Bresee (DOE-NE) for project oversight and guidance. Authors would like to thank A. Goel (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) for his helpful comments on the manuscript. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1297 EP 1303 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05089.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 920JW UT WOS:000302401600028 ER PT J AU An, HJ Gip, P Kim, J Wu, S Park, KW McVaugh, CT Schaffer, DV Bertozzi, CR Lebrilla, CB AF An, Hyun Joo Gip, Phung Kim, Jaehan Wu, Shuai Park, Kun Wook McVaugh, Cheryl T. Schaffer, David V. Bertozzi, Carolyn R. Lebrilla, Carlito B. TI Extensive Determination of Glycan Heterogeneity Reveals an Unusual Abundance of High Mannose Glycans in Enriched Plasma Membranes of Human Embryonic Stem Cells SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OSTEOCLAST FORMATION; EXPRESSION; SURFACE; CANCER; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; GLYCOSYLATION; GLYCOPROTEINS AB Most cell membrane proteins are known or predicted to be glycosylated in eukaryotic organisms, where surface glycans are essential in many biological processes including cell development and differentiation. Nonetheless, the glycosylation on cell membranes remains not well characterized because of the lack of sensitive analytical methods. This study introduces a technique for the rapid profiling and quantitation of N- and O-glycans on cell membranes using membrane enrichment and nanoflow liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of native structures. Using this new method, the glycome analysis of cell membranes isolated from human embryonic stem cells and somatic cell lines was performed. Human embryonic stem cells were found to have high levels of high mannose glycans, which contrasts with IMR-90 fibroblasts and a human normal breast cell line, where complex glycans are by far the most abundant and high mannose glycans are minor components. O-Glycosylation affects relatively minor components of cell surfaces. To verify the quantitation and localization of glycans on the human embryonic stem cell membranes, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry were performed. Proteomics analyses were also performed and confirmed enrichment of plasma membrane proteins with some contamination from endoplasmic reticulum and other membranes. These findings suggest that high mannose glycans are the major component of cell surface glycosylation with even terminal glucoses. High mannose glycans are not commonly presented on the surfaces of mammalian cells or in serum yet may play important roles in stem cell biology. The results also mean that distinguishing stem cells from other mammalian cells may be facilitated by the major difference in the glycosylation of the cell membrane. The deep structural analysis enabled by this new method will enable future mechanistic studies on the biological significance of high mannose glycans on stem cell membranes and provide a general tool to examine cell surface glycosylation. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 11: 10.1074/mcp.M111.010660, 1-13, 2012. C1 [Wu, Shuai; Lebrilla, Carlito B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [An, Hyun Joo; Park, Kun Wook] Chungnam Natl Univ, Grad Sch Analyt Sci & Technol, Taejon, South Korea. [An, Hyun Joo; Park, Kun Wook] Chungnam Natl Univ, Canc Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Gip, Phung; McVaugh, Cheryl T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kim, Jaehan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Food Nutr, Taejon, South Korea. [Schaffer, David V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schaffer, David V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertozzi, Carolyn R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lebrilla, Carlito B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lebrilla, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cblebrilla@ucdavis.edu RI Wu, Shuai/I-8696-2012; Wu, Shuai/N-8552-2014 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1GM049077, GM66047]; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine [RS1-00365]; Converging Research Center through Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011K000968]; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants RO1GM049077 (to C. B. L.) and GM66047 (to C. R. B.), California Institute for Regenerative Medicine Grant RS1-00365 (to C. R. B.), and the Converging Research Center Program through Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Grant 2011K000968 (to H. J. A.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.; Supported by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine and the National Science Foundation and by California Institute for Regenerative Medicine predoctoral fellowships. NR 47 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 EI 1535-9484 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD APR PY 2012 VL 11 IS 4 AR M111.010660 DI 10.1074/mcp.M111.010660 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 925UG UT WOS:000302786500006 PM 22147732 ER PT J AU Polishook, D Ofek, EO Waszczak, A Kulkarni, SR Gal-Yam, A Aharonson, O Laher, R Surace, J Klein, C Bloom, J Brosch, N Prialnik, D Grillmair, C Cenko, SB Kasliwal, M Law, N Levitan, D Nugent, P Poznanski, D Quimby, R AF Polishook, D. Ofek, E. O. Waszczak, A. Kulkarni, S. R. Gal-Yam, A. Aharonson, O. Laher, R. Surace, J. Klein, C. Bloom, J. Brosch, N. Prialnik, D. Grillmair, C. Cenko, S. B. Kasliwal, M. Law, N. Levitan, D. Nugent, P. Poznanski, D. Quimby, R. TI Asteroid rotation periods from the Palomar Transient Factory survey SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; minor planets, asteroids: general ID SPIN RATE DISTRIBUTION; MAIN BELT ASTEROIDS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LIGHTCURVE INVERSION; SYSTEM; PHOTOMETRY; POPULATION; BINARIES; GALAXIES; OBJECTS AB The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a synoptic survey designed to explore the transient and variable sky in a wide variety of cadences. We use PTF observations of fields that were observed multiple times (?10) per night, for several nights, to find asteroids, construct their light curves and measure their rotation periods. Here we describe the pipeline we use to achieve these goals and present the results from the first four (overlapping) PTF fields analysed as part of this programme. These fields, which cover an area of 21 deg2, were observed on four nights with a cadence of similar to 20 min. Our pipeline was able to detect 624 asteroids, of which 145 (similar to 20 per cent) were previously unknown. We present high-quality rotation periods for 88 main-belt asteroids and possible period or lower limit on the period for an additional 85 asteroids. For the remaining 451 asteroids, we present lower limits on their photometric amplitudes. Three of the asteroids have light curves that are characteristic of binary asteroids. We estimate that implementing our search for all existing high-cadence PTF data will provide rotation periods for about 10 000 asteroids mainly in the magnitude range similar to 14 to similar to 20. C1 [Polishook, D.; Ofek, E. O.; Gal-Yam, A.; Aharonson, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Waszczak, A.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Kasliwal, M.; Levitan, D.; Quimby, R.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Laher, R.; Surace, J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Klein, C.; Bloom, J.; Cenko, S. B.; Poznanski, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brosch, N.; Prialnik, D.; Poznanski, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Grillmair, C.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Law, N.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Nugent, P.; Poznanski, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Polishook, D (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM david.polishook@weizmann.ac.il FU Israeli Science Foundation (ISF); Binational Science Foundation (BSF); Benoziyo Center for Astrophysics; Yeda-Sela Center at WIS; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-0507734, AST-0908886]; Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund; NASA [NNX10AI21G, NNX1OA057G] FX We thank the referee for useful comments. This paper is based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope as part of the Palomar Transient Factory project, a scientific collaboration between the California Institute of Technology, Columbia University, Las Cumbres Observatory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the University of Oxford and the Weizmann Institute of Science. The Weizmann PTF partnership is funded in part by grants from the Israeli Science Foundation (ISF) to AG-Y. PTF Collaborative work between the Weizmann and Caltech groups is supported by the Binational Science Foundation (BSF) via grants to SRK and AG-Y. DPol further acknowledges support from the Benoziyo Center for Astrophysics and the Yeda-Sela Center at WIS. SRK and his group are partially supported by the NSF grant AST-0507734. SBC wishes to acknowledge generous support from Gary and Cynthia Bengier, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, NASA/Swift grant NNX10AI21G, NASA/Fermi grant NNX1OA057G and National Science Foundation (NSF) grant AST-0908886. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 421 IS 3 BP 2094 EP 2108 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20462.x PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 923LJ UT WOS:000302620500021 ER PT J AU Kennedy, GM Wyatt, MC Sibthorpe, B Duchene, G Kalas, P Matthews, BC Greaves, JS Su, KYL Fitzgerald, MP AF Kennedy, G. M. Wyatt, M. C. Sibthorpe, B. Duchene, G. Kalas, P. Matthews, B. C. Greaves, J. S. Su, K. Y. L. Fitzgerald, M. P. TI 99 Herculis: host to a circumbinary polar-ring debris disc SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: individual: 99 Herculis ID SYSTEM GG-TAURI; HIGH-INCLINATION; ASTROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; SPECKLE OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; VISUAL BINARIES; STARS; ORBITS; DUST; PLANETS AB We present resolved Herschel images of a circumbinary debris disc in the 99 Herculis system. The primary is a late F-type star. The binary orbit is well characterized and we conclude that the disc is misaligned with the binary plane. Two different models can explain the observed structure. The first model is a ring of polar orbits that move in a plane perpendicular to the binary pericentre direction. We favour this interpretation because it includes the effect of secular perturbations and the disc can survive for Gyr time-scales. The second model is a misaligned ring. Because there is an ambiguity in the orientation of the ring, which could be reflected in the sky plane, this ring either has near-polar orbits similar to the first model or has a 30 degrees misalignment. The misaligned ring, interpreted as the result of a recent collision, is shown to be implausible from constraints on the collisional and dynamical evolution. Because disc+star systems with separations similar to 99 Herculis should form coplanar, possible formation scenarios involve either a close stellar encounter or binary exchange in the presence of circumstellar and/or circumbinary discs. Discovery and characterization of systems like 99 Herculis will help understand processes that result in planetary system misalignment around both single and multiple stars. C1 [Kennedy, G. M.; Wyatt, M. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sibthorpe, B.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Duchene, G.; Kalas, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duchene, G.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble, UMR 5571, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Matthews, B. C.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Matthews, B. C.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Greaves, J. S.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Su, K. Y. L.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Fitzgerald, M. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Fitzgerald, M. P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Kennedy, GM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. EM gkennedy@ast.cam.ac.uk RI Fitzgerald, Michael/C-2642-2009; OI Fitzgerald, Michael/0000-0002-0176-8973; Su, Kate/0000-0002-3532-5580; Kennedy, Grant/0000-0001-6831-7547 NR 58 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 421 IS 3 BP 2264 EP 2276 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20448.x PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 923LJ UT WOS:000302620500032 ER PT J AU Zhang, FZ Carothers, JM Keasling, JD AF Zhang, Fuzhong Carothers, James M. Keasling, Jay D. TI Design of a dynamic sensor-regulator system for production of chemicals and fuels derived from fatty acids SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACYL-COENZYME; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; FADR; PROTEINS; BINDING; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; PATHWAYS; PROMOTER AB Microbial production of chemicals is now an attractive alternative to chemical synthesis. Current efforts focus mainly on constructing pathways to produce different types of molecules(1-3). However, there are few strategies for engineering regulatory components to improve product titers and conversion yields of heterologous pathways(4). Here we developed a dynamic sensor-regulator system (DSRS) to produce fatty acid-based products in Escherichia coli, and demonstrated its use for biodiesel production. The DSRS uses a transcription factor that senses a key intermediate and dynamically regulates the expression of genes involved in biodiesel production. This DSRS substantially improved the stability of biodiesel-producing strains and increased the titer to 1.5 g/l and the yield threefold to 28% of the theoretical maximum. Given the large number of natural sensors available, this DSRS strategy can be extended to many other biosynthetic pathways to balance metabolism, thereby increasing product titers and conversion yields and stabilizing production hosts. C1 [Zhang, Fuzhong; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Zhang, Fuzhong; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Fuzhong; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carothers, James M.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Synthet Biol Engn Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center; National Science Foundation [0540879]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The authors would like to thank W. Holtz, E. Steen and N. Hillson for discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, which is funded by National Science Foundation award no. 0540879, and by the Joint BioEnergy Institute, which is funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. F.Z. is supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowships Program of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 29 TC 249 Z9 263 U1 11 U2 163 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 30 IS 4 BP 354 EP U166 DI 10.1038/nbt.2149 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 925TR UT WOS:000302785000024 PM 22446695 ER PT J AU Dumitru, A Petreska, E AF Dumitru, Adrian Petreska, Elena TI Initial conditions for dipole evolution beyond the McLerran-Venugopalan model SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Dipole scattering amplitude; Initial conditions; Quartic effective action; Proton target; Heavy-ion targets ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; LARGE NUCLEI; SMALL-X; MOMENTUM AB We derive the scattering amplitude N (r) for a QCD dipole on a dense target in the semi-classical approximation. We include the first subleading correction in the target thickness arising from similar to rho(4) operators in the effective action for the large-x valence charges. Our result for N (r) can be matched to a phenomenological proton fit by Albacete et al. over a broad range of dipole sizes r and provides a definite prediction for the A-dependence for heavy-ion targets. We find a suppression of N (r) for finite A for dipole sizes a few times smaller than the inverse saturation scale, corresponding to a suppression of the classical bremsstrahlung tail. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dumitru, Adrian; Petreska, Elena] CUNY Bernard M Baruch Coll, Dept Nat Sci, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Dumitru, Adrian] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dumitru, Adrian; Petreska, Elena] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Dumitru, Adrian; Petreska, Elena] CUNY, Univ Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Petreska, E (reprint author), CUNY Bernard M Baruch Coll, Dept Nat Sci, 17 Lexington Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA. EM epetreska@gc.cuny.edu FU DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-09ER41620]; Brookhaven National Laboratory [LDRD 10-043]; Professional Staff Congress [63382-0042]; City University of New York [63382-0042] FX We gratefully acknowledge support by the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics through Grant No. DE-FG02-09ER41620, from the "Lab Directed Research and Development" grant LDRD 10-043 (Brookhaven National Laboratory), and for PSC-CUNY award 63382-0042, jointly funded by The Professional Staff Congress and The City University of New York. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 879 BP 59 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.02.006 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 920ST UT WOS:000302428500004 ER PT J AU Xing, HX Guo, Y Wang, E Wang, XN AF Xing, Hongxi Guo, Yun Wang, Enke Wang, Xin-Nian TI Parton energy loss and modified beam quark distribution functions in Drell-Yan process in p plus A collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Multiple scattering; Drell-Yan; Energy loss ID POWER CORRECTIONS; HADRONIC SCATTERING; PAIR PRODUCTION; NUCLEI; QCD; MATTER; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; APPROXIMATION; DEPENDENCE; RADIATION AB Within the framework of generalized collinear factorization in perturbative QCD (pQCD), we study the effect of initial multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss in Drell-Yan (DY) process in proton nucleus collisions. We express the contribution from multiple parton scattering and induced gluon radiation to the DY dilepton spectra in terms of nuclear modified effective beam quark distribution functions. The modification depends on the quark transport parameter in nuclear medium. This is similar to the final-state multiple parton scattering in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off large nuclei and leads to the suppression of the Drell-Yan cross section in p + A relative to p + p collisions. With the value of quark transport parameter determined from the nuclear modification of single-inclusive DIS hadron spectra as measured by the HERMES experiment, we calculate DY spectra in p + A collisions and find the nuclear suppression due to beam parton energy loss negligible at the Fermilab energy E-lab = 800 GeV in the kinematic region as covered by the E866 experiment. Most of the observed nuclear suppression of DY spectra in E866 experiment can be described well by parton shadowing in target nuclei as given by the EPS08 parameterization. The effect of beam parton energy loss, however, becomes significant for DY lepton pairs with large beam parton momentum fraction x' or small target parton momentum fraction x. We also predict the DY cross section in p + A collisions at lower beam proton energy E-lab = 120 GeV and show significant suppression due to initial state parton energy loss at moderately large x' where the effect of parton shadowing is very small. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xing, Hongxi; Wang, Xin-Nian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xing, Hongxi; Wang, Enke; Wang, Xin-Nian] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Guo, Yun] Guangxi Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China. [Guo, Yun] Brandon Univ, Dept Phys, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xnwang@lbl.gov FU NSFC of China [10825523, 10875025]; MOST of China [2008CB317106]; MOE of China; SAFEA of China [PITDU-B08033]; Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This work is supported by the NSFC of China under Projects Nos. 10825523, 10875025 and MOST of China under project No. 2008CB317106, and by MOE and SAFEA of China under project No. PITDU-B08033, and by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The research of Y.G. was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 71 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 879 BP 77 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.01.012 PG 30 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 920ST UT WOS:000302428500005 ER PT J AU Di Caprio, G Dardano, P Coppola, G Cabrini, S Mocella, V AF Di Caprio, Giuseppe Dardano, Principia Coppola, Giuseppe Cabrini, Stefano Mocella, Vito TI Digital holographic microscopy characterization of superdirective beam by metamaterial SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL RECONSTRUCTION; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; PROPAGATION; REFRACTION AB Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been successfully applied for the first time to characterize the radiative out-of-plane emission properties of a superdirective device. Complementarily to near-field microscopy, DHM allows us to reconstruct the beam in the far-field region. The angular dispersion of the light beam radiated from a grating composed of air and anti-air metamaterial has been determined, and the proposed technique has highlighted a collimation degree higher than 0.04 degrees, as already evaluated in a previous work. Further considerations on the retrieved phase map of the beam in the acquisition plane are presented. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Di Caprio, Giuseppe; Dardano, Principia; Coppola, Giuseppe; Mocella, Vito] Natl Council Res CNR Unita Napoli, IMM, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Cabrini, Stefano] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Di Caprio, G (reprint author), Natl Council Res CNR Unita Napoli, IMM, Via P Castellino 111, I-80131 Naples, Italy. EM giuseppe.dicaprio@na.imm.cnr.it RI Coppola, Giuseppe/B-3991-2012; OI Coppola, Giuseppe/0000-0001-7139-3719; Mocella, Vito/0000-0001-8793-0486 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Portions of this work were performed as a user project at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1142 EP 1144 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 925NP UT WOS:000302768300003 PM 22466175 ER PT J AU Collins, AM Liberton, M Jones, HDT Garcia, OF Pakrasi, HB Timlin, JA AF Collins, Aaron M. Liberton, Michelle Jones, Howland D. T. Garcia, Omar F. Pakrasi, Himadri B. Timlin, Jerilyn A. TI Photosynthetic Pigment Localization and Thylakoid Membrane Morphology Are Altered in Synechocystis 6803 Phycobilisome Mutants SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIVARIATE CURVE RESOLUTION; EVOLVING PHOTOSYSTEM-II; MAINLY CHLOROPHYLL D; SP. PCC 6803; ACARYOCHLORIS-MARINA; CYANOBACTERIAL PHYCOBILISOMES; SUPRAMOLECULAR ORGANIZATION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ENERGY-TRANSFER; LESS MUTANT AB Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes that are the progenitors of the chloroplasts of algae and plants. These organisms harvest light using large membrane-extrinsic phycobilisome antenna in addition to membrane-bound chlorophyll-containing proteins. Similar to eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, cyanobacteria possess thylakoid membranes that house photosystem (PS) I and PSII, which drive the oxidation of water and the reduction of NADP(+), respectively. While thylakoid morphology has been studied in some strains of cyanobacteria, the global distribution of PSI and PSII within the thylakoid membrane and the corresponding location of the light-harvesting phycobilisomes are not known in detail, and such information is required to understand the functioning of cyanobacterial photosynthesis on a larger scale. Here, we have addressed this question using a combination of electron microscopy and hyperspectral confocal fluorescence microscopy in wild-type Synechocystis species PCC 6803 and a series of mutants in which phycobilisomes are progressively truncated. We show that as the phycobilisome antenna is diminished, large-scale changes in thylakoid morphology are observed, accompanied by increased physical segregation of the two photosystems. Finally, we quantified the emission intensities originating from the two photosystems in vivo on a per cell basis to show that the PSI: PSII ratio is progressively decreased in the mutants. This results from both an increase in the amount of photosystem II and a decrease in the photosystem I concentration. We propose that these changes are an adaptive strategy that allows cells to balance the light absorption capabilities of photosystems I and II under light-limiting conditions. C1 [Collins, Aaron M.; Jones, Howland D. T.; Garcia, Omar F.; Timlin, Jerilyn A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Bioenergy & Def Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liberton, Michelle; Pakrasi, Himadri B.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Timlin, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Bioenergy & Def Technol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jatimli@sandia.gov OI Timlin, Jerilyn/0000-0003-2953-1721 FU Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC 0001035]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Energy Frontier Research Center FX This work was supported as part of the Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (award no. DE-SC 0001035). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000). NR 50 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 46 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 158 IS 4 BP 1600 EP 1609 DI 10.1104/pp.111.192849 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 928RQ UT WOS:000303001400011 PM 22331410 ER PT J AU Karve, A Xia, XX Moore, BD AF Karve, Abhijit Xia, Xiaoxia Moore, Brandon D. TI Arabidopsis Hexokinase-Like1 and Hexokinase1 Form a Critical Node in Mediating Plant Glucose and Ethylene Responses SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-HAIR DEVELOPMENT; EARLY SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT; TIP GROWTH; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEINS; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; POSITIVE REGULATOR; GENETIC-CONTROL; CELL EXPANSION; RT-PCR AB Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Hexokinase-Like1 (HKL1) lacks glucose (Glc) phosphorylation activity and has been shown to act as a negative regulator of plant growth. Interestingly, the protein has a largely conserved Glc-binding domain, and protein overexpression was shown previously to promote seedling tolerance to exogenous 6% (w/v) Glc. Since these phenotypes occur independently of cellular Glc signaling activities, we have tested whether HKL1 might promote cross talk between the normal antagonists Glc and ethylene. We show that repression by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) of the Glc-dependent developmental arrest of wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings requires the HKL1 protein. We also describe an unusual root hair phenotype associated with growth on high Glc medium that occurs prominently in HKL1 overexpression lines and in glucose insensitive 2-1 (gin2-1), a null mutant of Hexokinase1 (HXK1). Seedlings of these lines produce bulbous root hairs with an enlarged base after transfer from agar plates with normal medium to plates with 6% Glc. Seedling transfer to plates with 2% Glc plus ACC mimics the high-Glc effect in the HKL1 overexpression line but not in gin2-1. A similar ACC-stimulated, bulbous root hair phenotype also was observed in wild-type seedlings transferred to plates with 9% Glc. From transcript expression analyses, we found that HKL1 and HXK1 have differential roles in Glc-dependent repression of some ethylene biosynthesis genes. Since we show by coimmunoprecipitation assays that HKL1 and HXK1 can interact, these two proteins likely form a critical node in Glc signaling that mediates overlapping, but also distinct, cellular responses to Glc and ethylene treatments. C1 [Karve, Abhijit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Karve, Abhijit; Xia, Xiaoxia; Moore, Brandon D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Moore, Brandon D.] Amarillo Coll, Dept Biol, Amarillo, TX 79178 USA. RP Karve, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM karveaa@ornl.gov; moonlighting54@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by the University of Tennessee-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC05-000R22725) and by an appointment to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Postdoctoral Research participant program, which is administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 64 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 158 IS 4 BP 1965 EP 1975 DI 10.1104/pp.112.195636 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 928RQ UT WOS:000303001400038 PM 22366209 ER PT J AU Chan, CX Zauner, S Wheeler, G Grossman, AR Prochnik, SE Blouin, NA Zhuang, YY Benning, C Berg, GM Yarish, C Eriksen, RL Klein, AS Lin, SJ Levine, I Brawley, SH Bhattacharya, D AF Chan, Cheong Xin Zaeuner, Simone Wheeler, Glen Grossman, Arthur R. Prochnik, Simon E. Blouin, Nicolas A. Zhuang, Yunyun Benning, Christoph Berg, Gry Mine Yarish, Charles Eriksen, Renee L. Klein, Anita S. Lin, Senjie Levine, Ira Brawley, Susan H. Bhattacharya, Debashish TI Analysis of Porphyra Membrane Transporters Demonstrates Gene Transfer among Photosynthetic Eukaryotes and Numerous Sodium-Coupled Transport Systems SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; GREEN-ALGAE; CYANIDIOSCHYZON-MEROLAE; SECONDARY ENDOSYMBIOSIS; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; SULFATE TRANSPORTERS; CHLOROPLAST GENOME; LIPID TRAFFICKING; ACID-TRANSPORT AB Membrane transporters play a central role in many cellular processes that rely on the movement of ions and organic molecules between the environment and the cell, and between cellular compartments. Transporters have been well characterized in plants and green algae, but little is known about transporters or their evolutionary histories in the red algae. Here we examined 482 expressed sequence tag contigs that encode putative membrane transporters in the economically important red seaweed Porphyra (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta). These contigs are part of a comprehensive transcriptome dataset from Porphyra umbilicalis and Porphyra purpurea. Using phylogenomics, we identified 30 trees that support the expected monophyly of red and green algae/plants (i.e. the Plantae hypothesis) and 19 expressed sequence tag contigs that show evidence of endosymbiotic/horizontal gene transfer involving stramenopiles. The majority (77%) of analyzed contigs encode transporters with unresolved phylogenies, demonstrating the difficulty in resolving the evolutionary history of genes. We observed molecular features of many sodium-coupled transport systems in marine algae, and the potential for coregulation of Porphyra transporter genes that are associated with fatty acid biosynthesis and intracellular lipid trafficking. Although both the tissue-specific and subcellular locations of the encoded proteins require further investigation, our study provides red algal gene candidates associated with transport functions and novel insights into the biology and evolution of these transporters. C1 [Chan, Cheong Xin; Bhattacharya, Debashish] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Chan, Cheong Xin; Bhattacharya, Debashish] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Zaeuner, Simone; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wheeler, Glen] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England. [Grossman, Arthur R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Prochnik, Simon E.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Blouin, Nicolas A.; Brawley, Susan H.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Zhuang, Yunyun; Lin, Senjie] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Berg, Gry Mine] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Yarish, Charles] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Stamford, CT 06901 USA. [Eriksen, Renee L.; Klein, Anita S.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Levine, Ira] Univ So Maine, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Lewiston, ME 04240 USA. RP Bhattacharya, D (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM bhattacharya@aesop.rutgers.edu RI zhang, yaqun/J-8478-2014; Guo, chentao/G-7320-2016; OI Chan, Cheong Xin/0000-0002-3729-8176 FU National Science Foundation [RCN0741907, MCB-824469, EF-0626678]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA06OAR4170108]; U.S. National Science Foundation [MCB 0732440, DEB 1004213]; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station [11H540]; Connecticut Sea Grant College Program [R/A-38]; National Marine Aquaculture Initiative (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce); Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Research Coordination Network award no. RCN0741907: "The Porphyra genome: promoting resource development and integrative research in algal genomics" to S.B., Elisabeth Gantt, A.G., and John Stiller). Porphyra umbilicalis isolation, culture, and preparation of RNA and DNA samples as well as support of N.A.B. were supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (grant no. NA06OAR4170108 to S.H.B.). C.X.C. and D.B. were partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant nos. MCB 0732440 and DEB 1004213). S.Z. was supported by a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) postdoctoral fellowship. A.R.G. was supported by National Science Foundation-MCB-824469. Y.Z. and S.L. were supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. EF-0626678). R.L.E. and A.S.K. are supported by New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station-11H540. C.Y. was partially supported by the Connecticut Sea Grant College Program (grant no. R/A-38) and the National Marine Aquaculture Initiative (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce). The work that was conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 100 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 158 IS 4 BP 2001 EP 2012 DI 10.1104/pp.112.193896 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 928RQ UT WOS:000303001400041 PM 22337920 ER PT J AU Manner, VW Pemberton, SJ Gunderson, JA Herrera, TJ Lloyd, JM Salazar, PJ Rae, P Tappan, BC AF Manner, Virginia W. Pemberton, Steven J. Gunderson, Jake A. Herrera, Tommy J. Lloyd, Joseph M. Salazar, Patrick J. Rae, Philip Tappan, Bryce C. TI The Role of Aluminum in the Detonation and Post-Detonation Expansion of Selected Cast HMX-Based Explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE HMX; Aluminum; Lithium fluoride; Detonation; Non-ideal ID PARTICLE-SIZE; PERFORMANCE; VELOCITIES; COMBUSTION; HTPB; GAP; RDX AB In order to improve understanding of how aluminum contributes in non-ideal explosive mixtures, cast-cured formulations have been analyzed in a series of cylinder tests and plate-pushing experiments. This study describes the contribution of 15?% aluminum (median size of 3.2 mu m) vs. lithium fluoride (an inert substitute for aluminum; <5 mu m) in cast-cured HMX formulations in different temporal regimes. Small cylinder tests were performed to analyze the detonation and wall velocities (120 mu s) for these formulations. Near-field blast effects of 58 mm diameter spherical charges were measured at 152 mm and 254 mm using steel plate acceleration. Pressure measurements at 1.52 m gave information about free-field pressure at several milliseconds. While the observed detonation velocities for all formulations were within uncertainty, significantly higher cylinder wall velocities, plate velocities, and pressures were observed for the aluminum formulations at =2 mu s. Additionally, hydrocode calculations were performed to determine how non-ideal behavior affected the plate test results. Collectively, this work gives a clearer picture of how aluminum contributes to detonation on timescales from 1 mu s to about 2 ms, and how the post-detonation energy release contributes to wall velocities and blast effects. The experiments indicate that significant aluminum reactions occur after the CJ plane, and continue to contribute to expansion at late times. C1 [Manner, Virginia W.; Gunderson, Jake A.; Lloyd, Joseph M.; Rae, Philip; Tappan, Bryce C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat Project, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manner, Virginia W.; Gunderson, Jake A.; Lloyd, Joseph M.; Rae, Philip; Tappan, Bryce C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Special Project, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Manner, VW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Applicat Project, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vwmanner@lanl.gov; btappan@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Agnew National Security Fellowship; Campaign 2 FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by LANS, LLC, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. VWM funding from the Agnew National Security Fellowship and Campaign 2. Special thanks to Blaine Asay, Peter Dickson, Eric Sanders, Angelo Cartelli, John Echave, and Francis "Pancho" Sena for helpful discussions and firing site work. LA-UR 11-06438. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 2 BP 198 EP 206 DI 10.1002/prep.201100138 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 926XE UT WOS:000302864400008 ER PT J AU Lee, J Pan, R AF Lee, Jinsuk Pan, Rong TI Bayesian Analysis of Step-Stress Accelerated Life Test with Exponential Distribution SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE accelerated life testing; conjugate prior; type II censoring; MCMC ID MODEL; RELIABILITY AB In this article, we propose a general Bayesian inference approach to the step-stress accelerated life test with type II censoring. We assume that the failure times at each stress level are exponentially distributed and the test units are tested in an increasing order of stress levels. We formulate the prior distribution of the parameters of life-stress function and integrate the engineering knowledge of product failure rate and acceleration factor into the prior. The posterior distribution and the point estimates for the parameters of interest are provided. Through the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique, we demonstrate a nonconjugate prior case using an industrial example. It is shown that with the Bayesian approach, the statistical precision of parameter estimation is improved and, consequently, the required number of failures could be reduced. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Pan, Rong] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Lee, Jinsuk] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Pan, R (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM rong.pan@asu.edu FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0654417] FX This research is partially supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. CMMI-0654417). NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD APR PY 2012 VL 28 IS 3 BP 353 EP 361 DI 10.1002/qre.1251 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 910OB UT WOS:000301648000009 ER PT J AU Vijayakumar, M Schwenzer, B Kim, S Yang, ZG Thevuthasan, S Liu, J Graff, GL Hu, JZ AF Vijayakumar, M. Schwenzer, Birgit Kim, Soowhan Yang, Zhenguo Thevuthasan, S. Liu, Jun Graff, Gordon L. Hu, Jianzhi TI Investigation of local environments in Nafion-SiO2 composite membranes used in vanadium redox flow batteries SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Vanadium redox flow battery; Nafion-SiO2 membrane; H-1 and Si-29 NMR and FTIR spectroscopy ID SOLID-STATE NMR; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; HYBRID MEMBRANES; SILICA; ENERGY; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROLYTE; PERFORMANCE; STORAGE; SURFACE AB Proton conducting polymer composite membranes are of technological interest in many energy devices such as fuel cells and redox flow batteries. In particular, polymer composite membranes, such as SiO2 incorporated Nation membranes, are recently reported as highly promising for the use in redox flow batteries. However, there is conflicting reports regarding the performance of this type of Nation-SiO2 composite membrane in the redox flow cell. This paper presents results of the analysis of the Nafion-SiO2 composite membrane used in a vanadium redox flow battery by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FUR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The XPS study reveals the chemical identity and environment of vanadium cations accumulated at the surface. On the other hand, the F-19 and Si-29 NMR measurement explores the nature of the interaction between the silica particles, Nation side chains and diffused vanadium cations. The Si-29 NMR shows that the silica particles interact via hydrogen bonds with the sulfonic groups of Nation and the diffused vanadium cations. Based on these spectroscopic studies, the chemical environment of the silica particles inside the Nation membrane and their interaction with diffusing vanadium cations during flow cell operations are discussed. This study discusses the origin of performance degradation of the Nafion-SiO2 composite membrane materials in vanadium redox flow batteries. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Vijayakumar, M.; Schwenzer, Birgit; Kim, Soowhan; Yang, Zhenguo; Thevuthasan, S.; Liu, Jun; Graff, Gordon L.; Hu, Jianzhi] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hu, JZ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM vijay@pnnl.gov; jianzhi.Hu@pnnl.gov RI Murugesan, Vijayakumar/C-6643-2011; Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012; OI Murugesan, Vijayakumar/0000-0001-6149-1702; Schwenzer, Birgit/0000-0002-7872-1372 FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); Office of Electricity (OE Delivery & Energy Reliability, U.S. Department of Energy [DOE]) [57558]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; DOE by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work is supported by the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and by the Office of Electricity (OE Delivery & Energy Reliability, U.S. Department of Energy [DOE]) under Contract #57558. The NMR and XPS work were carried out at the Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. PNNL is a multiprogram laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. We thank Mary Hu for her help in acquiring and processing the 29Si NMR data. NR 44 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 5 U2 83 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0926-2040 EI 1527-3326 J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. PD APR PY 2012 VL 42 SI SI BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.11.005 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 921QW UT WOS:000302493200010 PM 22192576 ER PT J AU Collett, TS Boswell, R Lee, MW Anderson, BJ Rose, K Lewis, KA AF Collett, T. S. Boswell, R. Lee, M. W. Anderson, B. J. Rose, K. Lewis, K. A. TI Evaluation of Long-Term Gas-Hydrate-Production Testing Locations on the Alaska North Slope SO SPE RESERVOIR EVALUATION & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID STRATIGRAPHIC TEST WELL; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SEDIMENTS; MIXTURES; VELOCITY; DEPOSITS; MODEL AB The results of short-duration formation tests in northern Alaska and Canada have further documented the energy-resource potential of gas hydrates and have justified the need for long-term gas-hydrate-production testing. Additional data acquisition and long-term production testing could improve the understanding of the response of naturally occurring gas hydrate to depressurization-induced or thermal-, chemical-, or mechanical-stimulated dissociation of gas hydrate into producible gas. The Eileen gas-hydrate accumulation located in the Greater Prudhoe Bay area in northern Alaska has become a focal point for gas-hydrate geologic and production studies. BP Exploration (Alaska) Incorporated and ConocoPhillips have each established research partnerships with the US Department of Energy to assess the production potential of gas hydrates in northern Alaska. A critical goal of these efforts is to identify the most suitable site for production testing. A total of seven potential locations in the Prudhoe Bay, Kuparuk River, and Milne Point production units were identified and assessed relative to their suitability as a long-term gas-hydrate-production test sites. The test-site-assessment criteria included the analysis of the geologic risk associated with encountering reservoirs for gas-hydrate testing. The site-selection process also dealt with the assessment of the operational/logistical risk associated with each of the potential test sites. From this review, a site in the Prudhoe Bay production unit was determined to be the best location for extended gas-hydrate-production testing. The work presented in this report identifies the key features of the potential test site in the Greater Prudhoe Bay area and provides new information on the nature of gas-hydrate occurrence and the potential impact of production testing on existing infrastructure at the most favorable sites. These data were obtained from well-log analysis, geological correlation and mapping, and numerical simulation. C1 [Collett, T. S.; Lee, M. W.; Lewis, K. A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Boswell, R.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Anderson, B. J.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Collett, TS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1094-6470 J9 SPE RESERV EVAL ENG JI SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 2 BP 243 EP 264 PG 22 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA 928ZC UT WOS:000303030000010 ER PT J AU Mei, DH Karim, AM Wang, Y AF Mei, Donghai Karim, Ayman M. Wang, Yong TI On the Reaction Mechanism of Acetaldehyde Decomposition on Mo(110) SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Mo(110); DFT; reaction mechanism; acetaldehyde; deoxygenation ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TRANSITION-METAL SURFACES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; CO-COVERED MO(110); WAVE BASIS-SET; BOND SCISSION; METHANOL REACTION; ADSORPTION; ETHANOL; OXYGEN AB The strong Mo-O bond strength provides promising reactivity of Mo-based catalysts for the deoxygenation of biomass-derived oxygenates. Combining the novel dimer saddle point searching method with periodic spin-polarized density finictional theory calculations, we investigated the reaction pathways of a acetaldehyde decomposition on the clean Mo(110) surface. Two reaction pathways were identified, a selective deoxygenation and a nonselective fragmentation pathways. We found that acetaldehyde preferentially adsorbs at the pseudo 3-fold hollow site in the eta(2)(C,O) configuration on Mo(110). Among four possible bond (beta-C-H, gamma-C-H, C-O and C C) cleavages, the initial decomposition of the adsorbed acetaldehyde produces either ethylidene via the C-O bond scission or acetyl via the beta-C-H bond scission while the C-C and the gamma-C-H bond cleavages of acetaldehyde leading to the formation of methyl (and formyl) and formylmethyl are unlikely. Further dehydrogenacions of ethylidene into either ethylidyne or vinyl are competing and very facile with low activation barriers cf 0.24 and 0.31 eV, respectively. Concurrently, the formed acetyl would deoxygenate into ethylidyne via the C-O cleavage rather than breaking the C-C or the C-H bonds. The selective deoxygenation of acetaldehyde forming ethylene is inhibited by the relatively weaker hydrogenation capability of the Mo(110) surface. Instead, the nonselective pathway via vinyl and vinylidene dehydrogenations to ethynyl as the final hydrocarbon fragment is kinetically favorable. On the other hand, the strong interaction between ethylene and the Mo(110) surface also leads to ethylene decomposition instead of desorption into the gas phase. C1 [Mei, Donghai] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Karim, Ayman M.; Wang, Yong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wang, Yong] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mei, DH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM donghai.mei@pnl.gov RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013; Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Karim, Ayman/G-6176-2012; Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011 OI Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; Karim, Ayman/0000-0001-7449-542X; FU National Advanced Biofuels Consortium (NABC); DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was financially supported by the National Advanced Biofuels Consortium (NABC). Computing time was granted by a user project (ems142292) at the Molecular Science Computing Facility in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL). The EMSL is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and supported by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD APR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 468 EP 478 DI 10.1021/cs3000039 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 920FG UT WOS:000302387600001 ER PT J AU Mohanty, S Chattopadhyay, A Rajadas, JN AF Mohanty, Subhasish Chattopadhyay, Aditi Rajadas, John N. TI Dynamic Strain Mapping and Real-Time Damage-State Estimation Under Random Fatigue Loading SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITE PLATES; LIFE ESTIMATION; DIAGNOSTICS; PANELS AB This paper presents a passive sensing technique for real-time structural health monitoring. In the proposed technique, two reference or healthy state dynamic models are estimated using a nonlinear statistical pattern recognition technique known as the Gaussian process. The nonlinear dynamic models are estimated by mapping real-time dynamic strain measurements at two different locations with corresponding load histories. The strain measurements are performed using strain gauge rosettes placed on opposite sides of a probable damage path. Using the estimated reference model with the new loading information at any given instant of time, the corresponding dynamic strains are predicted. The predicted strains are compared with the actual strain measurements and used to estimate the corresponding damage states via correlation analysis. The state estimation approach is demonstrated on an aluminum-2024 cruciform specimen fatigued under random biaxial loading. The numerical study shows that the proposed approach can estimate real-time damage states caused by both stage II and stage III fatigue cracks. C1 [Mohanty, Subhasish] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Aditi] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Rajadas, John N.] Arizona State Univ Polytech, Engn Technol Dept, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA. RP Mohanty, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM smohanty@anl.gov FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA95550-06-1-0309] FX This research supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research, grant no. FA95550-06-1-0309, under program manager David S. Stargel. The authors also acknowledge the help of Clyde Coelho for the proofreading of this paper. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 4 BP 769 EP 777 DI 10.2514/1.J050820 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 918UQ UT WOS:000302277000001 ER PT J AU Dinh, LV Knight, DA Paskevicius, M Buckley, CE Zidan, R AF Dinh, Long V. Knight, Douglas A. Paskevicius, Mark Buckley, Craig E. Zidan, Ragaiy TI Novel methods for synthesizing halide-free alane without the formation of adducts SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID MECHANOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ALUMINUM-HYDRIDE; ALH3; NANOPARTICLES; POLYMORPHS; KINETICS AB Many of the current synthesis methods for aluminum hydride (alane-AlH3) involve reacting AlCl3 and LiAlH4 in solvents. The reaction requires the formation of an alane adduct such as AlH3 center dot [(C2H5)(2)O] prior to obtaining crystallized stable alpha-AlH3. This process requires several hours of pumping in a vacuum system to remove the ether and convert the alane etherate into stable alpha-alane. This crystallization process is both costly and hazardous because a large amount of highly flammable material (e.g. ether) is removed by vacuum pumps over several hours. Conversely, the work presented herein describes novel methods to synthesize adduct-free alane. It is demonstrated here that AlH3 can form by mixing AlCl3 and LiAlH4 in the solid state and heating to 75 degrees C; only a-AlH3 was obtained. The alpha-AlH3 product can be washed with minimal solvents leading to zero formation of alane adducts. In addition, the unwanted LiCl by-product is also removed during the solvent wash, resulting in halide-free alpha-alane. Although simply mixing and heating the reactants led to a 40% yield of alane, having the reactants compacted and mechanically pressed while heating increases the yield to 60% crystalline alpha-AlH3. C1 [Buckley, Craig E.; Zidan, Ragaiy] Curtin Univ, Hydrogen Storage Res Grp, Fuels & Energy Technol Inst, Dept Imaging & Appl Phys, Perth, WA, Australia. [Dinh, Long V.; Knight, Douglas A.; Paskevicius, Mark] Savannah River Natl Lab, Energy Secur Directorate, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Zidan, R (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Hydrogen Storage Res Grp, Fuels & Energy Technol Inst, Dept Imaging & Appl Phys, Perth, WA, Australia. EM Ragaiy.Zidan@srnl.doe.gov RI Buckley, Craig/B-6753-2013; Paskevicius, Mark/K-1638-2013; OI Buckley, Craig/0000-0002-3075-1863; Knight, David/0000-0001-5510-6265; Paskevicius, Mark/0000-0003-2677-3434 FU LDRD at Savannah River National Laboratory; University, State, and Commonwealth Governments FX This work was supported by the LDRD program at Savannah River National Laboratory. Our gratitude is extended to Dr. Patrick O'Rourke from Analytical Development Directorate, Savannah River National Laboratory for assistance in XRD analyses. The authors acknowledge the facilities and scientific and technical assistance of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at the Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, a facility funded by the University, State, and Commonwealth Governments. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD APR PY 2012 VL 107 IS 1 BP 173 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s00339-012-6791-z PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 923TN UT WOS:000302642400027 ER PT J AU Abbasi, R Abdou, Y Abu-Zayyad, T Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Allen, MM Altmann, D Andeen, K Auffenberg, J Bai, X Baker, M Barwick, SW Bay, R Alba, JLB Beattie, K Beatty, JJ Bechet, S Becker, JK Becker, KH Benabderrahmane, ML BenZvi, S Berdermann, J Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Bindig, D Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohm, C Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Brown, AM Buitink, S Caballero-Mora, KS Carson, M Chirkin, D Christy, B Clevermann, F Cohen, S Colnard, C Cowen, DF Silva, AHC D'Agostino, MV Danninger, M Daughhetee, J Davis, JC De Clercq, C Degner, T Demirors, L Descamps, F Desiati, P de Vries-Uiterweerd, G DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC Dierckxsens, M Dreyer, J Dumm, JP Dunkman, M Eisch, J Ellsworth, RW Engdegard, O Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feintzeig, J Feusels, T Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Fox, BD Franckowiak, A Franke, R Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Gladstone, L Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Goodman, JA Gora, D Grant, D Griesel, T Gross, A Grullon, S Gurtner, M Ha, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Han, K Hanson, K Heinen, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, B Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huelsnitz, W Hulss, JP Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hussain, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Johansson, H Kampert, KH Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kenny, P Kiryluk, J Kislat, F Klein, SR Kohne, JH Kohnen, G Kolanoski, H Kopke, L Kopper, S Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Kowarik, T Krasberg, M Kroll, G Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Laihem, K Landsman, H Larson, MJ Lauer, R Lunemann, J Madsen, J Marotta, A Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Meagher, K Merck, M Meszaros, P Meures, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Milke, N Miller, J Montaruli, T Morse, R Movit, SM Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Naumann, U Nygren, DR Odrowski, S Olivas, A Olivo, M O'Murchadha, A Panknin, S Paul, L de los Heros, CP Petrovic, J Piegsa, A Pieloth, D Porrata, R Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Redl, P Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richman, M Rodrigues, JP Rothmaier, F Rott, C Ruhe, T Rutledge, D Ruzybayev, B Ryckbosch, D Sander, HG Santander, M Sarkar, S Schatto, K Schmidt, T Schonwald, A Schukraft, A Schultes, A Schulz, O Schunck, M Seckel, D Semburg, B Seo, SH Sestayo, Y Seunarine, S Silvestri, A Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strahler, EA Strom, R Stuer, M Sullivan, GW Swillens, Q Taavola, H Taboada, I Tamburro, A Tepe, A Ter-Antonyan, S Tilav, S Toale, PA Toscano, S Tosi, D van Eijndhoven, N Vandenbroucke, J Van Overloop, A van Santen, J Vehring, M Voge, M Walck, C Waldenmaier, T Wallraff, M Walter, M Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Williams, DR Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, C Xu, DL Xu, XW Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zarzhitsky, P Zoll, M AF Abbasi, R. Abdou, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Allen, M. M. Altmann, D. Andeen, K. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Baker, M. Barwick, S. W. Bay, R. Alba, J. L. Bazo Beattie, K. Beatty, J. J. Bechet, S. Becker, J. K. Becker, K. -H. Benabderrahmane, M. L. BenZvi, S. Berdermann, J. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bertrand, D. Besson, D. Z. Bindig, D. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Brown, A. M. Buitink, S. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Carson, M. Chirkin, D. Christy, B. Clevermann, F. Cohen, S. Colnard, C. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz D'Agostino, M. V. Danninger, M. Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. De Clercq, C. Degner, T. Demiroers, L. Descamps, F. Desiati, P. de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. Dierckxsens, M. Dreyer, J. Dumm, J. P. Dunkman, M. Eisch, J. Ellsworth, R. W. Engdegard, O. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feintzeig, J. Feusels, T. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Fox, B. D. Franckowiak, A. Franke, R. Gaisser, T. K. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, L. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Goodman, J. A. Gora, D. Grant, D. Griesel, T. Gross, A. Grullon, S. Gurtner, M. Ha, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Han, K. Hanson, K. Heinen, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, B. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huelsnitz, W. Huelss, J. -P. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. Hussain, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Jacobsen, J. Japaridze, G. S. Johansson, H. Kampert, K. -H. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kenny, P. Kiryluk, J. Kislat, F. Klein, S. R. Koehne, J. -H. Kohnen, G. Kolanoski, H. Koepke, L. Kopper, S. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Kowarik, T. Krasberg, M. Kroll, G. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Laihem, K. Landsman, H. Larson, M. J. Lauer, R. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Marotta, A. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Meagher, K. Merck, M. Meszaros, P. Meures, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Milke, N. Miller, J. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Movit, S. M. Nahnhauer, R. Nam, J. W. Naumann, U. Nygren, D. R. Odrowski, S. Olivas, A. Olivo, M. O'Murchadha, A. Panknin, S. Paul, L. de los Heros, C. Perez Petrovic, J. Piegsa, A. Pieloth, D. Porrata, R. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Rawlins, K. Redl, P. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Ribordy, M. Richman, M. Rodrigues, J. P. Rothmaier, F. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Rutledge, D. Ruzybayev, B. Ryckbosch, D. Sander, H. -G. Santander, M. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Schmidt, T. Schoenwald, A. Schukraft, A. Schultes, A. Schulz, O. Schunck, M. Seckel, D. Semburg, B. Seo, S. H. Sestayo, Y. Seunarine, S. Silvestri, A. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoessl, A. Strahler, E. A. Strom, R. Stueer, M. Sullivan, G. W. Swillens, Q. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tamburro, A. Tepe, A. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. van Eijndhoven, N. Vandenbroucke, J. Van Overloop, A. van Santen, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Walck, C. Waldenmaier, T. Wallraff, M. Walter, M. Weaver, Ch. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Williams, D. R. Wischnewski, R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zarzhitsky, P. Zoll, M. CA IceCube Collaboration TI SEARCHES FOR PERIODIC NEUTRINO EMISSION FROM BINARY SYSTEMS WITH 22 AND 40 STRINGS OF ICECUBE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; binaries: general; neutrinos ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; LS I+61-DEGREES 303; X-RAY; CYGNUS X-1; DISCOVERY; MICROQUASAR; VARIABILITY; PERIASTRON; TELESCOPE AB In this paper, we present the results of searches for periodic neutrino emission from a catalog of binary systems. Such modulation, observed in the photon flux, would be caused by the geometry of these systems. In the analysis, the period is fixed by these photon observations, while the phase and duration of the neutrino emission are treated as free parameters to be fit with the data. If the emission occurs during similar to 20% or less of the total period, this analysis achieves better sensitivity than a time-integrated analysis. We use the IceCube data taken from 2007 May 31 to 2008 April 5 with its 22 string configuration and from 2008 April 5 to 2009 May 20 with its 40 string configuration. No evidence for neutrino emission is found, with the strongest excess occurring for Cygnus X-3 at 2.1 sigma significance after accounting for trials. Neutrino flux upper limits for both periodic and time-integrated emission are provided. C1 [Abbasi, R.; Aguilar, J. A.; Andeen, K.; Baker, M.; BenZvi, S.; Chirkin, D.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Dumm, J. P.; Eisch, J.; Fadiran, O.; Feintzeig, J.; Gladstone, L.; Grullon, S.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hill, G. 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RP Abbasi, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Taavola, Henric/B-4497-2011; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Tamburro, Alessio/A-5703-2013; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Auffenberg, Jan/D-3954-2014; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013 OI Ter-Antonyan, Samvel/0000-0002-5788-1369; Schukraft, Anne/0000-0002-9112-5479; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Taavola, Henric/0000-0002-2604-2810; Buitink, Stijn/0000-0002-6177-497X; Carson, Michael/0000-0003-0400-7819; Benabderrahmane, Mohamed Lotfi/0000-0003-4410-5886; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Auffenberg, Jan/0000-0002-1185-9094; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO; Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; EU; Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil FX We thank D. Guetta and E. Waxman for helpful discussions on neutrino flux prediction models. We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; A. Gross acknowledges support by the EU Marie Curie OIF Program; J. P. Rodrigues acknowledges support by the Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/118 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200046 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bhat, PN Blandford, RD Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burgess, JM Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S Dennis, BR de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grillo, L Grove, JE Gruber, D Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Iafrate, G Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Kippen, RM Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meegan, C Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Murphy, R Naumann-Godo, M Nuss, E Nymark, T Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Paciesas, WS Panetta, JH Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Poon, H Porter, TA Preece, R Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Sbarra, C Schwartz, RA Sgro, C Share, GH Siskind, EJ Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Tolbert, AK Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wilson-Hodge, C Wood, DL Wood, KS Yang, Z AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bhat, P. N. Blandford, R. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burgess, J. M. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dennis, B. R. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grillo, L. Grove, J. E. Gruber, D. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Iafrate, G. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Kippen, R. M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meegan, C. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Murphy, R. Naumann-Godo, M. Nuss, E. Nymark, T. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Paciesas, W. S. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Poon, H. Porter, T. A. Preece, R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Sbarra, C. Schwartz, R. A. Sgro, C. Share, G. H. Siskind, E. J. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, Y. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Tolbert, A. K. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. 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[Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Nymark, T.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Dennis, B. R.; Ferrara, E. C.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Schwartz, R. A.; Tolbert, A. K.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Murphy, R.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Gruber, D.; Orlando, E.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Grad Sch Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Iafrate, G.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meegan, C.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Nymark, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Tanaka, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM michael.briggs@nasa.gov; dgruber@mpe.mpg.de; francesco.longo@trieste.infn.it; nicola.omodei@gmail.com; gerald.share@nrl.navy.mil RI Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015 OI Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 151 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/151 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200079 ER PT J AU Kwan, J Lewis, GF Linder, EV AF Kwan, Juliana Lewis, Geraint F. Linder, Eric V. TI MAPPING GROWTH AND GRAVITY WITH ROBUST REDSHIFT SPACE DISTORTIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure of Universe ID MATTER POWER SPECTRUM; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; DATA RELEASE; REAL-SPACE; DENSITY; UNIVERSE; GALAXIES; MODEL AB Redshift space distortions (RSDs) caused by galaxy peculiar velocities provide a window onto the growth rate of large-scale structure and a method for testing general relativity. We investigate through a comparison of N-body simulations to various extensions of perturbation theory beyond the linear regime, the robustness of cosmological parameter extraction, including the gravitational growth index gamma. We find that the Kaiser formula and some perturbation theory approaches bias the growth rate by 1 sigma or more relative to the fiducial at scales as large as k > 0.07 h Mpc(-1). This bias propagates to estimates of the gravitational growth index as well as Omega(m) and the equation-of-state parameter and presents a significant challenge to modeling RSDs. We also determine an accurate fitting function for a combination of line-of-sight damping and higher order angular dependence that allows robust modeling of the redshift space power spectrum to substantially higher k. C1 [Kwan, Juliana; Lewis, Geraint F.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Kwan, Juliana] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe WCU, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kwan, J (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, A28, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RI Lewis, Geraint/F-9069-2015 OI Lewis, Geraint/0000-0003-3081-9319 FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea [R32-2009-000-10130-0]; ARC [DP0665574] FX J.K. thanks the Berkeley Lab and the Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, the Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Institute of Astronomy, the Cambridge and Swinburne University of Technology for hospitality while this work was conducted. J.K. also thanks Chris Blake for helpful comments on a draft of this article. This work has been supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under the contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the World Class University grant R32-2009-000-10130-0 through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea. J.K. and G. F. L. acknowledge support from ARC Discovery Project DP0665574 and significant computational resources through the INTERSECT/NCI partner share. NR 48 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 78 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/78 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200006 ER PT J AU Leggett, SK Saumon, D Marley, MS Lodders, K Canty, J Lucas, P Smart, RL Tinney, CG Homeier, D Allard, F Burningham, B Day-Jones, A Fegley, B Ishii, M Jones, HRA Marocco, F Pinfield, DJ Tamura, M AF Leggett, S. K. Saumon, D. Marley, M. S. Lodders, K. Canty, J. Lucas, P. Smart, R. L. Tinney, C. G. Homeier, D. Allard, F. Burningham, Ben Day-Jones, A. Fegley, B. Ishii, Miki Jones, H. R. A. Marocco, F. Pinfield, D. J. Tamura, M. TI THE PROPERTIES OF THE 500 K DWARF UGPS J072227.51-054031.2 AND A STUDY OF THE FAR-RED FLUX OF COLD BROWN DWARFS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; line: profiles; stars: abundances ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; INFRARED-SURVEY-EXPLORER; LARGE-AREA SURVEY; T-DWARFS; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; MULTIOBJECT SPECTROGRAPH; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; FIRE SPECTROSCOPY; SURVEY TELESCOPE; RESONANCE LINE AB We present i and z photometry for 25 T dwarfs and 1 L dwarf. Combined with published photometry, the data show that the i - z, z - Y, and z - J colors of T dwarfs are very red, and continue to increase through to the late-type T dwarfs, with a hint of a saturation for the latest types with T-eff approximate to 600 K. We present new 0.7-1.0 mu m and 2.8-4.2 mu m spectra for the very late type T dwarf UGPS J072227.51-054031.2, as well as improved astrometry for this dwarf. Examination of the spectral energy distribution using new and published data, with Saumon & Marley models, shows that the dwarf has T-eff = 505 +/- 10 K, a mass of 3-11 M-Jupiter, and an age between 60 Myr and 1 Gyr. This young age is consistent with the thin disk kinematics of the dwarf. The mass range overlaps with that usually considered to be planetary, despite this being an unbound object discovered in the field near the Sun. This apparently young rapid rotator is also undergoing vigorous atmospheric mixing, as determined by the IRAC and WISE 4.5 mu m photometry and the Saumon & Marley models. The optical spectrum for this 500 K object shows clearly detected lines of the neutral alkalis Cs and Rb, which are emitted from deep atmospheric layers with temperatures of 900-1200 K. C1 [Leggett, S. K.] No Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Saumon, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Marley, M. S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lodders, K.; Fegley, B.] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Planetary Chem Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Canty, J.; Lucas, P.; Burningham, Ben; Jones, H. R. A.; Marocco, F.; Pinfield, D. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Smart, R. L.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Tinney, C. G.] Univ New S Wales, Dept Astrophys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Homeier, D.; Allard, F.] Univ Lyon, Ecole Normale Super, CRAL, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. [Day-Jones, A.] Univ Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Ishii, Miki] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Tamura, M.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Leggett, SK (reprint author), No Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, 670 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM sleggett@gemini.edu RI Marley, Mark/I-4704-2013; OI Homeier, Derek/0000-0002-8546-9128; Leggett, Sandy/0000-0002-3681-2989; Smart, Richard/0000-0002-4424-4766; Jones, Hugh/0000-0003-0433-3665; Allard, France/0000-0003-1929-9340; Burningham, Ben/0000-0003-4600-5627; Marley, Mark/0000-0002-5251-2943; Tinney, Christopher/0000-0002-7595-0970 FU Gemini Observatory; NASA [NNH11AQ54I]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST 0707377]; FONDECYT [3100098]; National Science Foundation (United States); Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom); National Research Council (Canada); CONICYT (Chile); Australian Research Council (Australia); Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil); Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina) FX S.K.L.'s research is supported by Gemini Observatory. The contribution of D.S. and M.M. was supported by NASA grant NNH11AQ54I. Work by K.L. was supported while working at the National Science Foundation. Work by B.F. was supported by the National Science Foundation grant AST 0707377. A.D.J. is supported by a FONDECYT postdoctorado fellowship under project number 3100098. We thank James Clarke, of the University of Hertfordshire, for drawing our attention to the overlap between the kinematics of UGPS 0722-05 and that of the Hyades moving group.; Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil), and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina); also based on data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; and also based on observations made at the UK Infrared Telescope, which operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK. NR 105 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 74 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/74 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200002 ER PT J AU Linden, T Valsecchi, F Kalogera, V AF Linden, T. Valsecchi, F. Kalogera, V. TI ON THE RARITY OF X-RAY BINARIES WITH NAKED HELIUM DONORS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: starburst; stars: emission-line, Be; stars: Wolf-Rayet; X-rays: binaries ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE SUPERNOVAE; COMMON ENVELOPE EVOLUTION; FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS; MASS-LOSS RATES; STELLAR PARAMETERS; TIDAL-EVOLUTION; ECCENTRIC BINARY; INTEGRAL SOURCES; STAR POPULATION; NEUTRON-STAR AB The paucity of known high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) with naked He donor stars (hereafter He star) in the Galaxy has been noted over the years as a surprising fact, given the significant number of Galactic HMXBs containing H-rich donors, which are expected to be their progenitors. This contrast has further sharpened in light of recent observations uncovering a preponderance of HMXBs hosting loosely bound Be donors orbiting neutron stars (NSs), which would be expected to naturally evolve into He-HMXBs through dynamical mass transfer onto the NS and a common-envelope (CE) phase. Hence, reconciling the large population of Be-HMXBs with the observation of only one He-HMXB can help constrain the dynamics of CE physics. Here, we use detailed stellar structure and evolution models and show that binary mergers of HMXBs during CE events must be common in order to resolve the tension between these observed populations. We find that, quantitatively, this scenario remains consistent with the typically adopted energy parameterization of CE evolution, yielding expected populations which are not at odds with current observations. However, future observations which better constrain the underlying population of loosely bound O/B-NS binaries are likely to place significant constraints on the efficiency of CE ejection. C1 [Linden, T.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Linden, T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Valsecchi, F.; Kalogera, V.] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Valsecchi, F.; Kalogera, V.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Linden, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. FU NSF [AST-0908930, PHY-0619274]; NASA [NNX10AH47G]; Fermilab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics FX We thank Ed Van den Heuvel for helpful comments during the development of this work. This work was partially supported by NSF grant AST-0908930 and NASA grant NNX10AH47G to V.K. T.L. was supported in part by the Fermilab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics. Simulations were performed on the computing cluster Fugu available to the Theoretical Astrophysics group at Northwestern and partially funded by NSF grant PHY-0619274 to V.K. Finally, we thank the organizers of the ESO Compact Object Binaries Conference where much of this research was completed. NR 68 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 114 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/114 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200042 ER PT J AU Maruca, BA Kasper, JC Gary, SP AF Maruca, Bennett A. Kasper, Justin C. Gary, S. Peter TI INSTABILITY-DRIVEN LIMITS ON HELIUM TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY IN THE SOLAR WIND: OBSERVATIONS AND LINEAR VLASOV ANALYSIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instabilities; plasmas; solar wind ID HYBRID SIMULATIONS; PROTON; MAGNETOSHEATH; CONSTRAINTS; PARALLEL; VELOCITY AB Kinetic microinstabilities in the solar wind arise when the plasma deviates too far from thermal equilibrium. Previously published work has provided strong evidence that the cyclotron, mirror, and parallel and oblique firehose instabilities limit proton (i.e., ionized hydrogen) temperature anisotropy. However, few studies have thoroughly explored whether a less-abundant ion species can also trigger these instabilities. This study considered the possibility of similar instability-driven limits on alpha-particle (i.e., fully ionized helium) temperature anisotropy. Linear Vlasov analysis was used to derive the expected threshold conditions for instabilities driven by alpha-particle temperature anisotropy. Measurements in situ of alpha-particle temperature anisotropy from the Wind spacecraft's Faraday cups were found to be consistent with the limits imposed by these instability thresholds. This strongly suggests that alpha-particles, which only constitute similar to 5% of ions in the solar wind, can drive an instability if their temperature anisotropy becomes sufficiently extreme. C1 [Maruca, Bennett A.; Kasper, Justin C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Maruca, Bennett A.; Kasper, Justin C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gary, S. Peter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maruca, BA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM bmaruca@cfa.harvard.edu RI Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010 OI Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X FU NASA [NNX08AW07G] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge A. Szabo for his assistance with the Wind/MFI data and thank S. R. Cranmer, D. P. Finkbeiner, A. J. Lazarus, J. M. Moran, J. C. Raymond, and M. L. Stevens for their feedback on this work. Analysis of the Wind/SWE observations at SAO is supported by the NASA grant NNX08AW07G. This research has made use of the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS). NR 28 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 137 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/137 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200065 ER PT J AU Simet, M Kubo, JM Dodelson, S Annis, JT Hao, JG Johnston, D Lin, H Reis, RRR Soares-Santos, M Seo, HJ AF Simet, Melanie Kubo, Jeffrey M. Dodelson, Scott Annis, James T. Hao, Jiangang Johnston, David Lin, Huan Reis, Ribamar R. R. Soares-Santos, Marcelle Seo, Hee-Jong TI THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY CO-ADD: CROSS-CORRELATION WEAK LENSING AND TOMOGRAPHY OF GALAXY CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; gravitational lensing: weak ID PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT CATALOG; DARK-MATTER; DATA RELEASE; CONSTRAINTS; CALIBRATION; DEPENDENCE; COSMOLOGY; DEEP AB The shapes of distant galaxies are sheared by intervening galaxy clusters. We examine this effect in Stripe 82, a 275 deg(2) region observed multiple times in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and co-added to achieve greater depth. We obtain a mass-richness calibration that is similar to other SDSS analyses, demonstrating that the co-addition process did not adversely affect the lensing signal. We also propose a new parameterization of the effect of tomography on the cluster lensing signal which does not require binning in redshift, and we show that using this parameterization we can detect tomography for stacked clusters at varying redshifts. Finally, due to the sensitivity of the tomographic detection to accurately marginalize over the effect of the cluster mass, we show that tomography at low redshift (where dependence on exact cosmological models is weak) can be used to constrain mass profiles in clusters. C1 [Simet, Melanie; Dodelson, Scott] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Simet, Melanie; Dodelson, Scott] Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kubo, Jeffrey M.; Dodelson, Scott; Annis, James T.; Hao, Jiangang; Johnston, David; Lin, Huan; Soares-Santos, Marcelle] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Reis, Ribamar R. R.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Simet, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Reis, Ribamar/H-9381-2012; Simet, Melanie/A-3415-2016; OI Simet, Melanie/0000-0001-8823-8926; Hao, Jiangang/0000-0003-0502-7571 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02095ER40896]; National Science Foundation [AST-0908072] FX This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, including grant DE-FG02095ER40896, and by National Science Foundation grant AST-0908072. The authors thank Rachel Mandelbaum and the anonymous referee for helpful comments. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 748 IS 2 AR 128 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/128 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916WZ UT WOS:000302135200056 ER PT J AU Gu, MF Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Graf, A Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS Kahn, SM AF Gu, M. F. Beiersdorfer, P. Brown, G. V. Graf, A. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. Porter, F. S. Kahn, S. M. TI Laboratory measurements of the dielectronic recombination satellite transitions of He-like Fe XXV and H-like Fe XXVI SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM-LIKE IONS; OPTICALLY THIN PLASMAS; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; CHARGE-EXCHANGE; MICROCALORIMETER SPECTROMETER; RATE COEFFICIENTS; IRON SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; LINES AB We present laboratory spectra of dielectronic recombination (DR) satellite transitions attached to the He-like and H-like iron resonance lines obtained with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center X-ray calorimeter and produced by a thermal plasma simulation technique on the EBIT-I electron beam ion trap at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. We demonstrate that the calorimeter has sufficient spectral resolution in the 6-9 keV range to provide reliable measurements not only of standard DR satellite to resonance line intensities but also of DR satellite to DR satellite ratios that can be used to diagnose nonthermal electron distributions. Electron temperatures derived from the measured line intensities are consistent with the temperature of the simulated plasma. Temperature measurements based on DR satellite transitions have significant advantages over those based on collisional ionization equilibrium or continuum shape. Thus, successful demonstration of this method with the X-ray calorimeter is an important step for its application in X-ray astronomy. C1 [Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Graf, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gu, M. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Porter, F. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kahn, S. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM beiersdorfer1@llnl.gov RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012 OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119; FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA APRA FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and supported by NASA APRA grants to Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 EI 1208-6045 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 90 IS 4 BP 351 EP 357 DI 10.1139/P2012-025 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 925WS UT WOS:000302793400006 ER PT J AU Fortmann, C Lee, HJ Doppner, T Falcone, RW Kritcher, AL Landen, OL Niemann, C Glenzer, SH AF Fortmann, C. Lee, H. J. Doeppner, T. Falcone, R. W. Kritcher, A. L. Landen, O. L. Niemann, C. Glenzer, S. H. TI Adiabatic Index in Shock-Compressed Beryllium SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-Ray Thomson Scattering; counterpropagating shocks; heat capacity ratio; equation of state ID PLASMAS AB We present a method to measure the adiabatic index of a material under shock compression by X-ray Thomson Scattering. A beryllium target is symmetrically compressed by two counterpropagating shock waves that collide in the target center, producing super dense states of matter of up to 6 fold compression. We measure the density before and after the shock collision and solve the Hugoniot relations for colliding shocks to infer the adiabatic index. Our results indicate that the adiabatic index stays rather high even in the high compression regime. This agrees with a linear scaling model taken from the SESAME equation of state and shows that the adiabatic index becomes significantly different from the ratio of heat capacities in this strongly coupled plasma (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Fortmann, C.; Doeppner, T.; Kritcher, A. L.; Landen, O. L.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Fortmann, C.; Niemann, C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Falcone, R. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, H. J.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Fortmann, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-493, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM fortmann1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LDRD [10-ER-050]; Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by LDRD grant 10-ER-050. C.F. acknowledges support by the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3 BP 186 EP 193 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201100101 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 924RR UT WOS:000302709500009 ER PT J AU Huang, YF Shih, HS Lin, CW Xu, P Williams, DJ Ramos, KJ Hooks, DE Wang, HL AF Huang, Yu-Fong Shih, Hung-Shin Lin, Chi-Wen Xu, Ping Williams, Darrick J. Ramos, Kyle J. Hooks, Daniel E. Wang, Hsing-Lin TI Morphology Control of Cu Crystals on Modified Conjugated Polymer Surfaces SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-DEPOSITION; COPPER NANOWIRES; FACILE SYNTHESIS; CUPROUS-OXIDE; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; POLYANILINE; GROWTH; REDUCTION; SHAPE AB We report the fabrication of a series of micro-/nanostructured copper particles with various sizes, structures, and morphologies on polyaniline (PANT) membranes via an electrochemical deposition method. Different dopants applied in PANI membranes can lead to the production of Cu particles with various morphologies, including cubic, dendritic, textured spherical, and octahedral structures. On a citric acid (CA)-doped PANI membrane, the deposition of aggregated Cu nanoparticles is observed at an early stage, and these aggregated nanoparticles serve as the template to form larger Cu microspheres through a fill-in process. For a camphorsulfonic acid (CSA)-doped PANI membrane, a morphological transition of Cu metal from octahedral to dendritic structure is observed as the reaction time is prolonged, suggesting a branching growth mechanism. In addition to this unique control of the growth mechanism by varying the dopant, we find certain additives, such as citrate, can alter the growth of copper particles into a two-stage growth process, which results in the formation of copper microspheres decorated by nanowires and jellyfish-like structures for both CSA and CA-doped membranes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time where the electrochemical deposition of micro-/nanostructured copper using a two electrode setup with tunability in size, structure, and morphology has been demonstrated. These results offer valuable insights in understanding the underpinning growth mechanisms, imply an efficient method to control size and morphology, and enable designed synthesis of complex copper micro-/nanoparticles. C1 [Huang, Yu-Fong; Shih, Hung-Shin; Xu, Ping; Ramos, Kyle J.; Wang, Hsing-Lin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, C PCS, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Williams, Darrick J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MPA, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lin, Chi-Wen] Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Yunlin, Taiwan. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, C PCS, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hwang@lanl.gov RI Xu, Ping/I-1910-2013 OI Xu, Ping/0000-0002-1516-4986 FU BES, biomaterials program; U.S. Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Nuclear Security Administration Science Campaign 2; Department of Energy/Department of Defense; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HIT.NSRIF. 2010065, 2011017]; NSFC [21101041, 91122002]; LANL FX This work is supported by BES, biomaterials program. This work was performed in part at the U.S. Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory (DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (DE-AC04-94AL85000). Partial support from National Nuclear Security Administration Science Campaign 2 and the Department of Energy/Department of Defense Joint Munitions Technology Development Program. P.X. thanks Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. HIT.NSRIF. 2010065 and 2011017), NSFC (21101041, 91122002) and Director's Postdoctoral Fellow from LANL for financial support. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 EI 1528-7505 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1778 EP 1784 DI 10.1021/cg201200r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 919OF UT WOS:000302336900012 ER PT J AU Sugar, DR Murfin, KE Chaston, JM Andersen, AW Richards, GR deLeon, L Baum, JA Clinton, WP Forst, S Goldman, BS Krasomil-Osterfeld, KC Slater, S Stock, SP Goodrich-Blair, H AF Sugar, Darby R. Murfin, Kristen E. Chaston, John M. Andersen, Aaron W. Richards, Gregory R. deLeon, Limaris Baum, James A. Clinton, William P. Forst, Steven Goldman, Barry S. Krasomil-Osterfeld, Karina C. Slater, Steven Stock, S. Patricia Goodrich-Blair, Heidi TI Phenotypic variation and host interactions of Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004, the entomopathogenic symbiont of Steinernema jollieti nematodes SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEOAPLECTANA SP STEINERNEMATIDAE; INSECT PATHOGENIC NEMATODES; SPP. GAMMA-PROTEOBACTERIA; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; PHASE VARIATION; CARPOCAPSAE NEMATODES; ACHROMOBACTER NEMATOPHILUS; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; INTESTINAL VESICLE AB Xenorhabdus bovienii (SS-2004) bacteria reside in the intestine of the infective-juvenile (IJ) stage of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema jollieti. The recent sequencing of the X. bovienii genome facilitates its use as a model to understand host - symbiont interactions. To provide a biological foundation for such studies, we characterized X. bovienii in vitro and host interaction phenotypes. Within the nematode host X. bovienii was contained within a membrane bound envelope that also enclosed the nematode-derived intravesicular structure. Steinernema jollieti nematodes cultivated on mixed lawns of X. bovienii expressing green or DsRed fluorescent proteins were predominantly colonized by one or the other strain, suggesting the colonizing population is founded by a few cells. Xenorhabdus bovienii exhibits phenotypic variation between orange-pigmented primary form and cream-pigmented secondary form. Each form can colonize IJ nematodes when cultured in vitro on agar. However, IJs did not develop or emerge from Galleria mellonella insects infected with secondary form. Unlike primary-form infected insects that were soft and flexible, secondary-form infected insects retained a rigid exoskeleton structure. Xenorhabdus bovienii primary and secondary form isolates are virulent towards Manduca sexta and several other insects. However, primary form stocks present attenuated virulence, suggesting that X. bovienii, like Xenorhabdus nematophila may undergo virulence modulation. C1 [Sugar, Darby R.; Murfin, Kristen E.; Chaston, John M.; Andersen, Aaron W.; Richards, Gregory R.; deLeon, Limaris; Goodrich-Blair, Heidi] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Slater, Steven] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Baum, James A.; Clinton, William P.; Goldman, Barry S.; Krasomil-Osterfeld, Karina C.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO USA. [Forst, Steven] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Stock, S. Patricia] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Goodrich-Blair, H (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM hgblair@bact.wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation [NSF IBN-0416783, IOS-0920631, NSF IOB-0416747, IOS-0919912, IOB-0146644, IOS-0919565, 0552809]; Investigators in Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Award from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund; National Institutes of Health [GM59776]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Research Service [T32 AI5539, T32 G07215] FX We wish to thank Dr Sergei Spiridonov, Dr Maurice Moens and Dr Kurt Heungens for helping us obtain S. jollieti nematodes and Ting-Li Lin from the UW-Madison CALS Statistics Consulting Center for analysing the virulence data. We would also like to thank Dr Elizabeth A. Hussa for her assistance in using the in vivo imaging system, and Sam-Kyu Kim for technical help. This work was supported by collaborative grants from the National Science Foundation awarded to H.G.-B. (NSF IBN-0416783; IOS-0920631), S.F. (NSF IOB-0416747; IOS-0919912), and S.P.S. (NSF IOB-0146644; IOS-0919565), an Investigators in Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Award from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (H.G.B.),and the National Institutes of Health Grant GM59776 (H.G.B.). J.M.C and K.E.M. were supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Research Service Award T32 AI55397 and J.M.C was also supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship. G.R.R. was supported by a National Institutes of Health National Research Service Award T32 G07215. L.dL. was funded by the NSF Research Experience for Microbiology Project 0552809. NR 85 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 BP 924 EP 939 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02663.x PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 922II UT WOS:000302540200008 PM 22151385 ER PT J AU Davis, M Matmon, A Rood, DH Avnaim-Katav, S AF Davis, Michael Matmon, Ari Rood, Dylan H. Avnaim-Katav, Simona TI Constant cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in sand supplied from the Nile River over the past 2.5 m.y. SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; EROSION RATES; HALF-LIFE; BE-10; AL-26; RADIONUCLIDES; ISRAEL; TRANSPORT; DESERT; COAST AB Quartz sand in the eastern Mediterranean coastal plain is supplied through an extended transport system, which includes the Nile River, east Mediterranean longshore currents, and inland eolian transport. While the concentrations of cosmogenic nuclides (Al-26 and Be-10), and their ratio, in modern sand deposited along the coast of the eastern Mediterranean reflect the combined effect of exposure and burial during transport, the concentrations of these nuclides in buried sands are the result of decay of this initial dosing. Samples of modern exposed sand (n = 3) collected from the coastal plain of Israel yield an average Al-26/Be-10 ratio of 4.8 +/- 0.2, significantly lower than the expected ratio of 6.8 for exposed quartz grains at the surface. A similar ratio of 4.5 +/- 0.3 was measured in a late Pleistocene sand sample, indicating similar exposure-burial histories during transport in spite of the difference in climatic conditions. The results imply a steady, preburial cosmogenic nuclide ratio related to the Nile River's ability, through storage and recycling, to buffer the effects of climatic and tectonic perturbations on cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in the transported quartz. All ancient and buried sand samples (n = 11) fall on a decay path that originates from the concentrations and ratio of Al-26 and Be-10 in modern sand, suggesting steady preburial concentrations of cosmogenic nuclides in quartz sand over the past 2.5 m.y. C1 [Davis, Michael; Matmon, Ari] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Rood, Dylan H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Avnaim-Katav, Simona] Univ Haifa, Dept Maritime Civilizat, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Avnaim-Katav, Simona] Univ Haifa, Leon Recanati Inst Maritime Studies RIMS, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. RP Davis, M (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. FU Israel Science Foundation BIKURA [362/06] FX We thank Y. Erel for his colleague review and Y. Nachmias and Y. Enzel for providing some of the samples. We thank O. Tirosh for inductively coupled plasma-atomic-emission spectroscopy analysis and S. Mazeh for lab assistance. This research was funded by Israel Science Foundation BIKURA grant 362/06. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 359 EP 362 DI 10.1130/G32574.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 914TH UT WOS:000301974800025 ER PT J AU Guedj, J Dahari, H Shudo, E Smith, P Perelson, AS AF Guedj, Jeremie Dahari, Harel Shudo, Emi Smith, Patrick Perelson, Alan S. TI Hepatitis C viral kinetics with the nucleoside polymerase inhibitor mericitabine (RG7128) SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENOTYPE 1 INFECTION; HCV GENOTYPE; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFECTIVENESS; DOUBLE-BLIND; PEG-IFN; VIRUS; RIBAVIRIN; THERAPY; TELAPREVIR AB Mericitabine (RG7128) is a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (NPI), which requires intracellular uptake and phosphorylation to two active triphosphates. Mathematical modeling has provided important insights for characterizing hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA decline and estimating in vivo effectiveness of antiviral agents; however, it has not been used to characterize viral kinetics with NPIs. HCV RNA was frequently measured in 32 treatment-experienced patients infected with HCV genotype 1 during and after mericitabine monotherapy for 14 days with 750 mg or 1500 mg administered once (qd) or twice daily (bid). The initial decline of HCV RNA was typically slower than with interferon-a or protease inhibitors, and 12 patients presented a novel pattern of HCV RNA kinetics characterized by a monophasic viral decline. Viral kinetics could be well fitted by assuming that the effectiveness in blocking viral production gradually increased over time to reach its final value, e2, consistent with previous accumulation time estimates of intracellular triphosphates. e2 was high with bid dosing (mean 750 mg and 1500 mg: 98.0% and 99.8%, respectively; P = 0.018) and significantly higher than in patients treated qd (mean qd versus bid: 90% versus 99%, P < 10-7). Virus rebounded rapidly upon drug discontinuation, which was attributed to the elimination of active drug and the subsequent decline of drug effectiveness, with mean t1/2 = 13.9 hours in the bid regimens. Conclusion: The observed slower initial decline likely represents the time needed to accumulate intracellular triphosphates and is consistent with in vitro data. When administered bid, mericitabine reached a high, dose-dependent, final effectiveness in blocking viral production that rapidly dropped upon treatment cessation. Understanding HCV RNA kinetics with mericitabine could provide valuable insights for combining it with other direct-acting antiviral agents. (HEPATOLOGY 2012) C1 [Guedj, Jeremie; Dahari, Harel; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dahari, Harel] Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Shudo, Emi; Smith, Patrick] Roche, Clin Pharmacol Pharma Res & Early Dev, Nutley, NJ USA. RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM asp@lanl.gov RI Guedj, Jeremie/A-6842-2017 OI Guedj, Jeremie/0000-0002-5534-5482 FU National Institutes of Health [RR006555, P20-RR018754, AI065256, AI028433]; National Science Foundation [NSF PHY05-51164]; University of Illinois Walter Payton Liver Center Guild; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Supported by National Institutes of Health grants RR006555, P20-RR018754, AI065256, and AI028433, National Science Foundation grant NSF PHY05-51164, and the University of Illinois Walter Payton Liver Center Guild and performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD APR PY 2012 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1030 EP 1037 DI 10.1002/hep.24788 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 916AW UT WOS:000302069900006 PM 22095398 ER PT J AU Dowdy, R Walko, DA Fortuna, SA Li, XL AF Dowdy, Ryan Walko, Donald A. Fortuna, Seth A. Li, Xiuling TI Realization of Unidirectional Planar GaAs Nanowires on GaAs (110) Substrates SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GaAs; metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET); nanowire (NW); nanowire array ID ARRAYS AB A self-aligned unidirectional planar GaAs nanowire (NW) array is realized by growing on (110) GaAs substrates through the Au-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. All NWs on (110) substrates propagate along the [00-1] direction, yielding planar NWs with trapezoidal cross sections where the top surface and sidewalls are identified by micro X-ray diffraction analysis to be [110], [010], and [100] facets, respectively. Depletion-mode long-channel metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors using these [00-1] GaAs NWs as channels exhibit well-defined dc output and transfer characteristics, confirming the high material quality of the NWs. Completely ordered site controlled arrays of planar NWs are demonstrated by growing on (110) substrates with Au catalyst nanoparticles patterned using electron beam lithography. C1 [Dowdy, Ryan; Fortuna, Seth A.; Li, Xiuling] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Walko, Donald A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Sources, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dowdy, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rdowdy2@illinois.edu; d-walko@anl.gov; seth.a.fortuna@gmail.com; xiuling@illinois.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N66001-09-1-2107]; Office of Naval Research YIP [N000141110634]; National Science Foundation [1001928, 1006581]; Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported in part by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Young Faculty Award under Grant N66001-09-1-2107, Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program YIP Award N000141110634, National Science Foundation Awards 1001928 (ECCS) and 1006581 (DMR), and by the Robert Rathbun Wilson Graduate Fellowship from Argonne National Laboratory (RD). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor G. Meneghesso. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 BP 522 EP 524 DI 10.1109/LED.2012.2186115 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 918EU UT WOS:000302232900019 ER PT J AU Moore, MR Buckner, MA AF Moore, Michael R. Buckner, Mark A. TI Learning-from-Signals on Edge Devices SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE Machine learning; Transforms; Feature extraction; Image edge detection; Decision making C1 [Moore, Michael R.; Buckner, Mark A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Cognit Radio Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Moore, Michael R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Signals Solut Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM mooremr@ornl.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1094-6969 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 2 BP 40 EP 44 DI 10.1109/MIM.2012.6174579 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 922IL UT WOS:000302540500007 ER PT J AU Milano, F Anghel, M AF Milano, Federico Anghel, Marian TI Impact of Time Delays on Power System Stability SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Automatic voltage regulator (AVR); delay differential algebraic equations (DDAE); Hopf bifurcation (HB); limit cycle; power system stabilizer (PSS); small-signal stability; time delay ID DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; CHARACTERISTIC ROOTS AB The paper describes the impact of time-delays on small-signal angle stability of power systems. With this aim, the paper presents a power system model based on delay differential algebraic equations (DDAE) and describes a general technique for computing the spectrum of DDAE. The paper focuses in particular on delays due to the terminal voltage measurements and transducers of automatic voltage regulators and power system stabilizers of synchronous machines. The proposed technique is applied to a benchmark system, namely the IEEE 14-bus test system, as well as to a real-world system. Time domain simulations are also presented to confirm the results of the DDAE spectral analysis. C1 [Milano, Federico] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Elect Engn, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. [Anghel, Marian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Milano, F (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Elect Engn, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. EM Federico.Mi-lano@uclm.es; manghel@lanl.gov OI Milano, Federico/0000-0002-0049-9185 FU Ministry of Science and Education of Spain through CICYT [ENE-2009-07685]; Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha [PCI-08-0102]; U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE C52-06NA25396] FX The work of F. Milano is partly supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain through CICYT Project ENE-2009-07685 and by Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha through project PCI-08-0102. The work of M. Anghel was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE C52-06NA25396. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor Mauro Di Marco. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1549-8328 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-I JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I-Regul. Pap. PD APR PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 889 EP 900 DI 10.1109/TCSI.2011.2169744 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 922EL UT WOS:000302529500019 ER PT J AU Davidson, JD Wiacek, RJ Burton, S Li, XHS Fryxell, GE Addleman, RS Yantasee, W Sangvanich, T Pattamakomsan, K AF Davidson, Joseph D. Wiacek, Robert J. Burton, Sarah Li, Xiaohong S. Fryxell, Glen E. Addleman, R. Shane Yantasee, Wassana Sangvanich, Thanapon Pattamakomsan, Kanda TI Improved deposition and deprotection of silane tethered 3,4 hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) ligands on functionalized nanoporous silica SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Nanoporous sorbent; Uranium removal; HOPO; Water; Blood ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SEQUESTERING AGENTS; MESOPOROUS SUPPORTS; LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES; INITIAL EVALUATION; ALPHA-EMITTERS; PLUTONIUM(IV); ACTINIDES; 4-CARBAMOYL-3-HYDROXY-1-METHYL-2(1H)-PYRIDINONE; SEQUESTRATION AB An improved synthesis of a 3,4 hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) functionalized mesoporous silica is described. Higher 3,4-HOPO monolayer ligand loadings have been achieved, resulting in better performance. Performance improvements were demonstrated with the capture of U(VI) from human blood, plasma and filtered river water. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Davidson, Joseph D.; Wiacek, Robert J.; Burton, Sarah; Li, Xiaohong S.; Fryxell, Glen E.; Addleman, R. Shane] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Yantasee, Wassana; Sangvanich, Thanapon; Pattamakomsan, Kanda] OHSU Sch Med, Dept Biomed Engn, Portland, OR 97239 USA. RP Fryxell, GE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM glen.fryxell@pnl.gov FU PNNL; Office of Naval Research; NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01-AI080502]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1R21ES015620-01A1]; DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This work was partially supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at PNNL, Office of Naval Research, NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01-AI080502) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1R21ES015620-01A1). A portion of this research was performed in part at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a DOE national scientific user facility located at PNNL. This work was performed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, which is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-7003 EI 1879-0259 J9 INORG CHEM COMMUN JI Inorg. Chem. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.inoche.2012.01.025 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 921YS UT WOS:000302514600023 PM 22942668 ER PT J AU Mrutu, A William, WN Kemp, RA AF Mrutu, Agnes William, Wilson N. Kemp, Richard A. TI Synthesis and characterization of molybdenum and tungsten complexes containing tris(diphenylphosphino)methane (tdppm) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Molybdenum; Tungsten; Tris(diphenylphosphino)methane; X-ray crystallography ID TETRANUCLEAR CARBONYL CLUSTERS; LIGAND SUBSTITUTION PROCESSES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; TRIPOD LIGAND; X-RAY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; PHOSPHINE-LIGANDS; HC(PPH2)3; MONONUCLEAR AB Reaction of tris(diphenylphosphino)methane, (Ph2P)(3)CH (tdppm) with 1 equivalent of M(CO)(3)(EtCN)(3) (M = Mo 1a, M=W 1b) affords [Mo{eta(2)-(Ph2P)(3)CH}CO)(3)(EtCN)] 2a and [W{eta(2)-(Ph2P)(3)CH}(CO)(3)(EtCN)] 2b. respectively. Single crystal structure determinations were performed for complexes 2a and 2b. Both structures adopt a distorted octahedral geometry about Mo and W atoms, with one CO and EtCN group occupying an axial position, while the phosphine ligand and two CO ligands occupy the equatorial positions. To our knowledge this is the first structurally-characterized W complex containing the tdppm ligand. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mrutu, Agnes; William, Wilson N.; Kemp, Richard A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Kemp, Richard A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Kemp, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rakemp@unm.edu FU American Chemical Society [48822-ND3]; National Science Foundation CRIF:MU [CHE04-43580]; NSF [CHE08-40523, CHE09-46690]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX For financial support of this project we acknowledge the American Chemical Society-Petroleum Research Fund via a grant to RAK (48822-ND3). The Bruker X-ray diffractometer was purchased via a National Science Foundation CRIF:MU award to the University of New Mexico (CHE04-43580), and the NMR spectrometers were upgraded via grants from the NSF (CHE08-40523 and CHE09-46690). We also thank Dr. Eileen Duesler of UNM for assistance with X-ray data analysis. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-7003 J9 INORG CHEM COMMUN JI Inorg. Chem. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 BP 110 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.inoche.2012.01.030 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 921YS UT WOS:000302514600027 ER PT J AU Chuev, GN Valiev, M Fedotova, MV AF Chuev, Gennady N. Valiev, Marat Fedotova, Marina V. TI Integral Equation Theory of Molecular Solvation Coupled with Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics Method in NWChem Package SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION SITE MODEL; SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; HYDRATION FREE-ENERGIES; HARTREE-FOCK EQUATIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ORGANIC SOLUTES; HYBRID APPROACH; WAVE-FUNCTIONS AB We have developed a hybrid approach based on a combination of integral equation theory of molecular liquids and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methodology in North West computational Chemistry (NWChem) software package. We have split the evaluations into consequent QM/MM and statistical mechanics calculations based on the one-dimensional reference interaction site model, which allows us to reduce significantly the time of computation. The method complements QM/MM capabilities existing in the NWChem package. The accuracy of the presented method was tested through computation of the water structure around several organic solutes and their hydration free energies. We have also evaluated the solvent effect on the conformational equilibria. The applicability and limitations of the developed approach are discussed. C1 [Chuev, Gennady N.] Max Planck Inst Math Sci, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Chuev, Gennady N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Expt Biophys, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. [Valiev, Marat] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Fedotova, Marina V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solut Chem, Ivanovo 153045, Russia. RP Chuev, GN (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Math Sci, Inselstr 22, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. RI Chuev, Gennady/P-9382-2015; OI Fedotova, Marina/0000-0003-2701-7294 FU FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008 program [235064]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-03-97508-r-centre-a]; U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX G.N.C. acknowledges the financial support from the FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008 program (Grant No. 235064, Programme: People). M.V.F. and G.N.C. thank the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-03-97508-r-centre-a) for partial support of this work. M.V. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences program. Calculations were performed using the Molecular Science Computing Facility (MSCF) in the William R Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE national scientific user facility located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). We are thankful to Dr. Maxim Fedorov and professor Michail V. Basilevsky for useful discussions. NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1246 EP 1254 DI 10.1021/ct2009297 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 921OU UT WOS:000302487700009 PM 26596741 ER PT J AU Frink, LJD Frischknecht, AL Heroux, MA Parks, ML Salinger, AG AF Frink, Laura J. Douglas Frischknecht, Amalie L. Heroux, Michael A. Parks, Michael L. Salinger, Andrew G. TI Toward Quantitative Coarse-Grained Models of Lipids with Fluids Density Functional Theory SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; LATERAL PRESSURE PROFILES; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; BILAYER SIMULATIONS; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; RAPID ANALYSIS; FORCE-FIELD; MIXTURES; MEMBRANES; ENSEMBLE AB We describe methods to determine optimal coarse-grained models of lipid bilayers for use in fluids density functional theory (fluids-DFT) calculations. Both coarse-grained lipid architecture and optimal parametrizations of the models based on experimental measures are discussed in the context of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid bilayers in water. The calculations are based on a combination of the modified-iSAFT theory for bonded systems and an accurate fundamental measures theory (FMT) for hard sphere reference fluids. We furthermore discuss a novel approach for pressure control in the fluids-DFT calculations that facilitates both partitioning studies and zero tension control for the bilayer studies. A detailed discussion of the numerical implementations for both solvers and pressure control capabilities are provided. We show that it is possible to develop a coarse-grained lipid bilayer model that is consistent with experimental properties (thickness and area per lipid) of DPPC provided that the coarse-graining is not too extreme. As a final test of the model, we find that the predicted area compressibility moduli and lateral pressure profiles of the optimized models are in reasonable agreement with prior results. C1 [Frink, Laura J. Douglas] Colder Insights Corp, Shoreview, MN 55126 USA. [Frischknecht, Amalie L.; Heroux, Michael A.; Parks, Michael L.; Salinger, Andrew G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Frink, LJD (reprint author), Colder Insights Corp, Shoreview, MN 55126 USA. EM ljfrink@colderinsights.com; alfrisc@sandia.gov RI Frischknecht, Amalie/N-1020-2014; OI Frischknecht, Amalie/0000-0003-2112-2587; Heroux, Michael/0000-0002-5893-0273 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories LDRD; DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported in part by the Sandia National Laboratories LDRD program and in part by the DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Applied Mathematics program. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1393 EP 1408 DI 10.1021/ct200707b PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 921OU UT WOS:000302487700025 PM 26596753 ER PT J AU Weijer, W Sloyan, BM Maltrud, ME Jeffery, N Hecht, MW Hartin, CA van Sebille, E Wainer, I Landrum, L AF Weijer, Wilbert Sloyan, Bernadette M. Maltrud, Mathew E. Jeffery, Nicole Hecht, Matthew W. Hartin, Corinne A. van Sebille, Erik Wainer, Ilana Landrum, Laura TI The Southern Ocean and Its Climate in CCSM4 SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; ATLANTIC INTEROCEAN EXCHANGE; BRAZIL-MALVINAS CONFLUENCE; AGULHAS LEAKAGE; BOTTOM WATER; ANNULAR MODE; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; WEDDELL SEA; EL-NINO; 20TH-CENTURY CLIMATE AB The new Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), provides a powerful tool to understand and predict the earth's climate system. Several aspects of the Southern Ocean in the CCSM4 are explored, including the surface climatology and interannual variability, simulation of key climate water masses (Antarctic Bottom Water, Subantarctic Mode Water, and Antarctic Intermediate Water), the transport and structure of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and interbasin exchange via the Agulhas and Tasman leakages and at the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence. It is found that the CCSM4 has varying degrees of accuracy in the simulation of the climate of the Southern Ocean when compared with observations. This study has identified aspects of the model that warrant further analysis that will result in a more comprehensive understanding of ocean-atmosphere-ice dynamics and interactions that control the earth's climate and its variability. C1 [Weijer, Wilbert; Maltrud, Mathew E.; Jeffery, Nicole; Hecht, Matthew W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Weijer, Wilbert] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Sloyan, Bernadette M.] CSIRO, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Sloyan, Bernadette M.] CSIRO Wealth Oceans Natl Res Flagship, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Hartin, Corinne A.; van Sebille, Erik] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Wainer, Ilana] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Phys Oceanog, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Landrum, Laura] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Weijer, W (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-2,MS B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wilbert@lanl.gov RI van Sebille, Erik/F-6781-2010; Weijer, Wilbert/A-7909-2010; Wainer, Ilana/B-4540-2011; Sloyan, Bernadette/N-8989-2014; OI van Sebille, Erik/0000-0003-2041-0704; Wainer, Ilana/0000-0003-3784-623X; Hecht, Matthew/0000-0003-0946-4007 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0908675]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE-OoS); NSF-OCE [0928473]; Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency; CSIRO (BMS); CNPq-MCT/INCT; FAPESP FX The CESM project is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE-OoS). This research was supported by the Regional and Global Climate Prediction Program of the DOE-OoS (WW, MEM, NJ, and MWH); NSF-OCE Award 0928473 (WW); the Australian Climate Change Science Program, funded jointly by the Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency and CSIRO (BMS); CNPq-MCT/INCT and FAPESP (IW); NSF (EvS, CAH); and NSF Polar Programs Grant 0908675 (LL). The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is sponsored by NSF. Computing resources were provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL), sponsored by NSF and other agencies. The authors thank Gary Strand and the staff of the Earth System Grid for processing the CCSM4 data and making it available through http://www.earthsystemgrid.org. Thanks to Martin Visbeck (IFM-GEOMAR) and Gareth Marshall (BAS) for providing their SAM indices. ERA-40 data were provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). NOAA ERSSTv3b data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL Physical Sciences Division in Boulder, CO, from their website at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. The Connectivity Modeling System (CMS) for the Lagrangian advection of particles most NR 107 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 8 BP 2652 EP 2675 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00302.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 925UN UT WOS:000302787300006 ER PT J AU de Boer, G Chapman, W Kay, JE Medeiros, B Shupe, MD Vavrus, S Walsh, J AF de Boer, Gijs Chapman, William Kay, Jennifer E. Medeiros, Brian Shupe, Matthew D. Vavrus, Steve Walsh, John TI A Characterization of the Present-Day Arctic Atmosphere in CCSM4 SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SEA-ICE; CLOUD PROPERTIES; COUPLED MODELS; CLIMATE MODELS; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATIONS; REANALYSIS; SHEBA; OCEAN; RETRIEVALS AB Simulation of key features of the Arctic atmosphere in the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) is evaluated against observational and reanalysis datasets for the present-day (1981-2005). Surface air temperature, sea level pressure, cloud cover and phase, precipitation and evaporation, the atmospheric energy budget, and lower-tropospheric stability are evaluated. Simulated surface air temperatures are found to be slightly too cold when compared with the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40). Spatial patterns and temporal variability are well simulated. Evaluation of the sea level pressure demonstrates some large biases, most noticeably an under simulation of the Beaufort High during spring and autumn. Monthly Arctic-wide biases of up to 13 mb are reported. Cloud cover is underpredicted for all but summer months, and cloud phase is demonstrated to be different from observations. Despite low cloud cover, simulated all-sky liquid water paths are too high, while ice water path was generally too low. Precipitation is found to be excessive over much of the Arctic compared to ERA-40 and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) estimates. With some exceptions, evaporation is well captured by CCSM4, resulting in P - E estimates that are too high. CCSM4 energy budget terms show promising agreement with estimates from several sources. The most noticeable exception to this is the top of the atmosphere (TOA) fluxes that are found to be too low while surface fluxes are found to be too high during summer months. Finally, the lower troposphere is found to be too stable when compared to ERA-40 during all times of year but particularly during spring and summer months. C1 [de Boer, Gijs] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [de Boer, Gijs; Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [de Boer, Gijs; Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA ESRL PSD, Boulder, CO USA. [Chapman, William] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Kay, Jennifer E.; Medeiros, Brian] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Vavrus, Steve] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA. [Walsh, John] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP de Boer, G (reprint author), R-PSD3,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. EM gijs.deboer@noaa.gov RI Kay, Jennifer/C-6042-2012; Medeiros, Brian/A-3695-2009; de Boer, Gijs/F-3949-2011; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011 OI Medeiros, Brian/0000-0003-2188-4784; de Boer, Gijs/0000-0003-4652-7150; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [ARC-0628910, ARC1023366]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231, ARC0632187]; DOE [DE-FG02-05ER63965] FX This research was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of their Climate and Earth System Modeling Program. Computing resources were provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL), sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies. Bluefire, a 4064-processor IBM Power6 resource with a peak of 77 TeraFLOPS provided more than 7.5 million computing hours, the GLADE high-speed disk resources provided 0.4 PetaBytes of dedicated disk, and CISL's 12-PB HPSS archive provided over 1 PetaByte of storage in support of this research project Additionally, we thank Marika Holland, Cecile Hannay, Gary Strand, and the NCAR Data Analysis and Visualization Services Group (DASG) for their help with analyzing CCSM4 results. NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. LBNL is managed by the University of California under U.S. DOE Grant DE-AC02-05CH11231. S.V. would like to acknowledge NSF Grant ARC-0628910. M. S. was supported by NSF Project ARC0632187 and DOE Project DE-FG02-05ER63965. G.B. also acknowledges support from NSF grant ARC1023366. NR 57 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 8 BP 2676 EP 2695 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00228.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 925UN UT WOS:000302787300007 ER PT J AU Chen, CC Rasch, PJ AF Chen, Chih-Chieh Rasch, Philip J. TI Climate Simulations with an Isentropic Finite-Volume Dynamical Core SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC METHOD PPM; TRANSPORT SCHEMES; COORDINATE MODEL; SYSTEM AB This paper discusses the impact of changing the vertical coordinate from a hybrid pressure to a hybrid-isentropic coordinate within the finite-volume (FV) dynamical core of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM). Results from a 20-yr climate simulation using the new model coordinate configuration are compared to control simulations produced by the Eulerian spectral and FV dynamical cores of CAM, which both use a pressure-based (sigma - P) coordinate. The same physical parameterization package is employed in all three dynamical cores. The isentropic modeling framework significantly alters the simulated climatology and has several desirable features. The revised model produces a better representation of heat transport processes in the atmosphere leading to much improved atmospheric temperatures. The authors show that the isentropic model is very effective in reducing the long-standing cold temperature bias in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, a deficiency shared among most climate models. The warmer upper troposphere and stratosphere seen in the isentropic model reduces the global coverage of high clouds, which is in better agreement with observations. The isentropic model also shows improvements in the simulated wintertime mean sea level pressure field in the Northern Hemisphere. C1 [Chen, Chih-Chieh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Rasch, Philip J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chen, CC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM cchen@ucar.edu FU National Center for Atmospheric Research through the National Science Foundation; DOE SiDAC [DE-FG02-04ER63870]; DOE [DE-FG-2-07ER64464] FX The authors are indebted to Henry Tufo, Ram Nair, Peter Lauritzen, Joe Tribbia, and Don Johnson for helpful discussions. We would also like to thank three reviewers for their input on the work and S. J. Lin for conversations during the development of the paper. The work is partially funded by the National Center for Atmospheric Research through the National Science Foundation, DOE SiDAC program under Award DE-FG02-04ER63870 and the DOE Petascale program under Award DE-FG-2-07ER64464. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 8 BP 2843 EP 2861 DI 10.1175/2011JCLI4184.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 925UN UT WOS:000302787300015 ER PT J AU Alankar, A Mastorakos, IN Field, DP Zbib, HM AF Alankar, Alankar Mastorakos, Ioannis N. Field, David P. Zbib, Hussein M. TI Determination of Dislocation Interaction Strengths Using Discrete Dislocation Dynamics of Curved Dislocations SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE plastic behavior; mechanical behavior; constitutive relations; microstructure property relationships ID FCC CRYSTALS; PLASTICITY; JUNCTIONS; FOREST AB In latent interactions of dislocations, junction formation is one of the most important phenomena that contribute to the evolution of strength. In this work, the latent hardening coefficients for pure aluminum are estimated using 3D multiscale dislocation dynamics program (MDDP). Three well-known junction configurations, namely, the Hirth lock, the glissile junction, and the Lomer lock, are studied using 3D discrete dislocation dynamics simulations. The evolution of strength is discussed as a function of the resolved shear stress (RSS) and the number of junctions for the three junctions investigated. Hirth lock and Lomer lock are found to be the weakest and strongest junctions, respectively. Collinear reaction of dislocations does not form a junction but causes a higher strength than a Lomer lock. Quantitative and qualitative results are compared with those found in the literature. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005917] C1 [Alankar, Alankar; Mastorakos, Ioannis N.; Field, David P.; Zbib, Hussein M.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Alankar, Alankar] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Zbib, Hussein M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Alankar, A (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, POB 642920, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM alankar@lanl.gov RI Field, David/D-5216-2012; Alankar, Alankar/A-3401-2011 OI Field, David/0000-0001-9415-0795; NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 AR 021018 DI 10.1115/1.4005917 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 923CR UT WOS:000302597200018 ER PT J AU Hattar, K Misra, A Dosanjh, MRF Dickerson, P Robertson, IM Hoagland, RG AF Hattar, K. Misra, A. Dosanjh, M. R. F. Dickerson, P. Robertson, I. M. Hoagland, R. G. TI Direct Observation of Crack Propagation in Copper-Niobium Multilayers SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CU/NB NANOSCALE MULTILAYERS; THIN-FILMS; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; COMPOSITES; INTERFACES; BEHAVIOR; STABILITY; FRACTURE; HARDNESS; HE AB The failure of a cross-sectional 65 nm-thick copper and 150 nm-thick niobium multilayer thin film was investigated via an in situ transmission electron microscopy straining experiment. The fracture of the free-standing multilayer films was associated with confined dislocation slip within layers containing and preceding the crack tip. Four crack hindrance mechanisms were observed to operate during crack propagation: microvoid formation, crack deviation, layer necking, and crack blunting. Failure was observed to occur across and through the copper and niobium layers but never within the interfaces or grain boundaries. These results are discussed relative to the length-scale-dependent deformation mechanisms of nanoscale metallic multilayers. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005953] C1 [Hattar, K.] Univ Illinois, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Misra, A.; Dickerson, P.; Hoagland, R. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dosanjh, M. R. F.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Robertson, I. M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hattar, K (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation [DE-AC04-94AL85000.0]; National Science Foundation through NSF DMR [02037400] FX The authors thank Professor Y.-C. Wang, Dr. N. A. Mara, and Professor M. Demkowicz for helpful discussions. This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000.0. I. M. R. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through NSF DMR award # 02037400. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 49 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 AR 021014 DI 10.1115/1.4005953 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 923CR UT WOS:000302597200014 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Hoagland, RG Demkowicz, MJ Nastasi, M Misra, A AF Liu, X. -Y. Hoagland, R. G. Demkowicz, M. J. Nastasi, M. Misra, A. TI The Influence of Lattice Misfit on the Atomic Structures and Defect Energetics of Face Centered Cubic-Body Centered Cubic Interfaces SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE multilayers; interface structures; point defects; interatomic potentials ID METALS; SIMULATIONS; COMPOSITES; STRENGTH AB Using "tunable" interatomic potentials, the lattice misfits for a fcc-bcc metal system have been varied in atomistic models, while keeping other properties essentially unchanged. The procedure and the fitting results of such tunable interatomic potentials for fcc-bcc systems are presented. Varying lattice misfits were found to significantly alter the atomic structure of fcc-bcc interfaces in Kurdjumov-Sachs crystallographic orientation. Defect formation energies at the interfaces were calculated. For vacancies, in general, high numbers of low energy sites are associated with high dislocation junction densities. For interstitials, the formation energies are all substantially below the bulk value, regardless of lattice misfits. These results are relevant to understanding the sink strength of interfaces with different atomic structures. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005920] C1 [Liu, X. -Y.; Hoagland, R. G.; Nastasi, M.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Demkowicz, M. J.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. 2008LANL1026. Authors also acknowledge Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program that funded work on helium effects in fcc-bcc multilayers that motivated the calculations in this investigation. The authors thank John P. Hirth and J. Wang for insightful discussions. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 21 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 AR 021012 DI 10.1115/1.4005920 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 923CR UT WOS:000302597200012 ER PT J AU Yoon, JH Mo, K Wood, EF AF Yoon, Jin-Ho Mo, Kingtse Wood, Eric F. TI Dynamic-Model-Based Seasonal Prediction of Meteorological Drought over the Contiguous United States SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGIONAL CLIMATE SIMULATION; FORECAST SYSTEM; SPECTRAL MODEL; PRECIPITATION; ENSO; HYDROCLIMATE AB A simple method was developed to forecast 3- and 6-month standardized precipitation indices (SPIs) for the prediction of meteorological drought over the contiguous United States based on precipitation seasonal forecasts from the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS). Before predicting SPI, the precipitation (P) forecasts from the coarse-resolution CFS global model were bias corrected and downscaled to a regional grid of 50 km. The downscaled CFS P forecasts, out to 9 months, were appended to the P analyses to form an extended P dataset. The SPIs were calculated from this new time series. Five downscaling methods were tested: 1) bilinear interpolation; 2) a bias correction and spatial downscaling (BCSD) method based on the probability distribution functions; 3) a conditional probability estimation approach using the mean P ensemble forecasts developed by J. Schaake, 4) a Bayesian approach that bias corrects and downscales P using all ensemble forecast members, as developed by the Princeton University group; and 5) multimethod ensemble as the equally weighted mean of the BCSD, Schaake, and Bayesian forecasts. For initial conditions from April to May, statistical downscaling methods were compared with dynamic downscaling based on the NCEP regional spectral model and forecasts from a high-resolution CFS T382 model. The skill is regionally and seasonally dependent. Overall, the 6-month SPI is skillful out to 3-4 months. For the first 3-month lead times, forecast skill comes from the P analyses prior to the forecast time. After 3 months, the multimethod ensemble has small advantages, but forecast skill may be too low to be useful in practice. C1 [Yoon, Jin-Ho] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mo, Kingtse] NCEP NWS NOAA Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Wood, Eric F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Yoon, JH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jin-ho.yoon@pnnl.gov RI YOON, JIN-HO/A-1672-2009 OI YOON, JIN-HO/0000-0002-4939-8078 FU NOAA (TRACS) [GC09-505, GC09-552]; NOAA; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RLP1830] FX This work was done while J.-H. Yoon was at the Climate Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS and the Cooperative Center for Climate and Satellites (CICS), Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland, College Park. We would like to acknowledge support from the NOAA (TRACS) Grants GC09-505 and GC09-552. Comments from anonymous reviewers were helpful in improving the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Po-Lun Ma at PNNL for his internal review and constructive comments. Also, this research is partially supported by NOAA Climate Prediction Programs for the Americas (CPPA) to PNNL. PNNL is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLP1830. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 13 IS 2 BP 463 EP 482 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-11-038.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 921NI UT WOS:000302483900005 ER PT J AU Williams, MD Griffin, BA Reagan, TN Underbrink, JR Sheplak, M AF Williams, Matthew D. Griffin, Benjamin A. Reagan, Tiffany N. Underbrink, James R. Sheplak, Mark TI An AlN MEMS Piezoelectric Microphone for Aeroacoustic Applications SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Aeroacoustic; aluminum nitride; array; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); microphone; piezoelectric ID VIBRATION SENSORS; NOISE; TRANSDUCER; PLATE AB This paper describes the development of a micromachined microphone for aircraft fuselage arrays that are utilized by aeroacousticians to help identify aircraft noise sources and/or assess the effectiveness of noise-reduction technologies. The developed microphone utilizes piezoelectric transduction via an integrated aluminum nitride layer in a thin-film composite diaphragm. A theoretical lumped element model and an associated noise model of the complete microphone system are developed and utilized in a formal design-optimization process. Optimal designs were fabricated using a variant of the film bulk acoustic resonator process at Avago Technologies. The experimental characterization of one design is presented here, and measured performance was in line with sponsor specifications, including a sensitivity of -39 mu V/Pa, a minimum detectable pressure of 40.4 dB, a confirmed bandwidth up to 20 kHz, a 129.5-kHz resonant frequency, and a 3% distortion limit approaching 172 dB. With this performance-in addition to its small size-this microphone is shown to be a viable enabling technology for low-cost, high-resolution fuselage array measurements. C1 [Williams, Matthew D.; Griffin, Benjamin A.; Reagan, Tiffany N.; Sheplak, Mark] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Interdisciplinary Microsyst Grp, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Underbrink, James R.] Aero Noise Prop Lab, Tukwila, WA 98108 USA. RP Williams, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mdwilliams@alumni.clemson.edu; griffo@ufl.edu; treagan@ufl.edu; james.r.underbrink@boeing.com; sheplak@ufl.edu FU Boeing; National Science Foundation; Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by Boeing. The work of M. D. Williams was supported in part by the National Science Foundation in the form of a Graduate Research Fellowship. The work of B. A. Griffin was supported in part by the National Science Foundation in the form of a Graduate Research Fellowship and in part by the Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion. The work of M. Sheplak was supported by the Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Subject Editor E. S. Kim. NR 60 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 68 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 270 EP 283 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2011.2176921 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 922GR UT WOS:000302535800005 ER PT J AU Griffin, BA Chandrasekaran, V Sheplak, M AF Griffin, Benjamin A. Chandrasekaran, Venkataraman Sheplak, Mark TI Thermoelastic Ultrasonic Actuator With Piezoresistive Sensing and Integrated Through-Silicon Vias SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Diaphragm; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); proximity sensor; thermoelastic; ultrasonic ID MICROPHONES; TRANSDUCERS AB This paper presents technology development toward the goal of a micromachined acoustic proximity sensor for real-time cavity monitoring of underwater high-speed supercavitating vehicles. Low-resistance polysilicon-based throughsilicon vias (TSVs) have been integrated with the device to enable backside contacts for drive and sense circuitry. The sensor and vias were fabricated in a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible process using deep reactive ion etching, producing a 1-mm-diameter composite diaphragm and 20-mu m-diameter high-aspect-ratio TSVs on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. The diaphragm incorporates a central resistive heater for thermoelastic actuation and diffused piezoresistors for sensing acoustic pressure perturbations. Electrical, mechanical, and acoustic characterizations of the device indicate a transmitter source level of 50 dB (ref 20 mu Pa) at an operating frequency of 60 kHz, a flat-bandwidth receiving sensitivity of 0.98 mu V/(V . Pa), a flat frequency response over the measured range of 1-20 kHz, a linear response from 60 to 140 dB, negligible leakage current for the junction-isolated diffused piezoresistors (< 14 pA at -10 V), low interconnect resistance of 14 Omega, and a minimum detectable pressure of 31.9 dB for a 1-Hz bin centered at 60 kHz, at a bias of 9 V. C1 [Griffin, Benjamin A.; Chandrasekaran, Venkataraman; Sheplak, Mark] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Interdisciplinary Microsyst Grp, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Griffin, BA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM griffo@ufl.edu; ramancv@gmail.com; sheplak@ufl.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-00-1-0343]; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through Contract N00014-00-1-0343 monitored by Dr. Kam Ng. The work of B. A. Griffin was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. Subject Editor C.-J. Kim. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 350 EP 358 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2011.2178114 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 922GR UT WOS:000302535800014 ER PT J AU Alsem, DH Xiang, H Ritchie, RO Komvopoulos, K AF Alsem, Daan Hein Xiang, Hua Ritchie, Robert O. Komvopoulos, Kyriakos TI Sidewall Adhesion and Sliding Contact Behavior of Polycrystalline Silicon Microdevices Operated in High Vacuum SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Adhesion; contact pressure; friction; micromachine lifetime; nanoscale wear; nanoscopic contacts; oscillatory sliding; polycrystalline silicon; silicon oxide film; sliding cycles; wear debris ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; STRUCTURAL FILMS; STATIC FRICTION; AMBIENT AIR; MEMS; WEAR; POLYSILICON; DEVICES; MICROMACHINES AB The reliability and performance of contact-mode microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) depend strongly on the tribological properties of contact interfaces. Knowledge of the dominant friction and wear mechanisms at submicrometer length scales is therefore of paramount importance to the design of MEMS devices with contact interfaces. The objective of this study was to examine changes in the adhesion behavior and morphology of sliding sidewall surfaces of polycrystalline silicon MEMS devices operated in high vacuum (similar to 10(-5) torr) and under low apparent contact pressures (0.1-18 kPa) and correlate these changes to the operation lifetime. Sidewall adhesion increased with applied contact pressure. Typically, a twofold to fourfold increase in sidewall adhesion was measured upon cessation of the device operation (typically, similar to 10(6) sliding cycles) due to the increase of the static friction force above the restoring force available by the device. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed very small amounts of ultrafine wear debris (10-140 nm) on the sidewall surfaces of about half of the tested devices, without discernible changes in the surface topography. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that sliding did not cause the removal of the silicon oxide film (5-13 nm in average thickness) from the sidewall surfaces. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that sliding contact was confined at the top of a few elevated ridges on the sidewall surfaces, resulting in nanoscale wear that smoothened locally the surfaces. SEM, TEM, and AFM results of this study show that the tribological properties of contact-mode MEMS devices operating in high vacuum are controlled by only a few nanoscopic contacts, which depend on the local nanotopography of the interacting surfaces. C1 [Alsem, Daan Hein; Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Alsem, Daan Hein] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Elect Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xiang, Hua; Ritchie, Robert O.; Komvopoulos, Kyriakos] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alsem, DH (reprint author), Hummingbird Sci, Lacey, WA 98516 USA. EM kyriakos@me.berkeley.edu RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Subject Editor H. Seidel.; Electron microscopy was carried out at the National Center for Electron Microscopy operated at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 359 EP 369 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2011.2180364 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 922GR UT WOS:000302535800015 ER PT J AU Abazovic, ND Comor, MI Mitric, MN Piscopiello, E Radetic, T Jankovic, IA Nedeljkovic, JM AF Abazovic, Nadica D. Comor, Mirjana I. Mitric, Miodrag N. Piscopiello, Emanuela Radetic, Tamara Jankovic, Ivana A. Nedeljkovic, Jovan M. TI Ligand mediated synthesis of AgInSe2 nanoparticles with tetragonal/orthorhombic crystal phases SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AgInSe2; Chalcogenide semiconductors; Ligands; Oleylamine (OLAM); Trioctylphosphine (TOP); XRD; UV/Vis absorption; Synthesis ID ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHALCOPYRITE SEMICONDUCTORS; NANOCRYSTALS; PRECURSORS; MONOMERS AB Nanosized AgInSe2 particles (d similar to 7-25 nm) were synthesized using colloidal chemistry method at 270 degrees C. As solvents/surface ligands 1-octadecene, trioctylphosphine, and oleylamine were used. It was shown that choice of ligand has crucial impact not only on final crystal phase of nanoparticles, but also at mechanism of crystal growth. X-ray diffraction and TEM/HRTEM techniques were used to identify obtained crystal phases and to measure average size and shape of nanoparticles. UV/Vis data were used to estimate band-gap energies of obtained samples. It was shown that presented routes can provide synthesis of nanoparticles with desired crystal phase (tetragonal and/or orthorhombic), with band-gap energies in the range from 1.25 to 1.53 eV. C1 [Abazovic, Nadica D.; Comor, Mirjana I.; Mitric, Miodrag N.; Jankovic, Ivana A.; Nedeljkovic, Jovan M.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Piscopiello, Emanuela] ENEA, Dept Adv Phys Technol & New Mat FIM, I-72100 Brindisi, Italy. [Radetic, Tamara] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Abazovic, ND (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, POB 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. EM kiki@vinca.rs FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia [III45020, OI172056] FX Financial support for this study was granted by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia (Projects: III45020 and OI172056). NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 AR 810 DI 10.1007/s11051-012-0810-z PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 923TA UT WOS:000302641000052 ER PT J AU Murph, SEH Jacobs, S Liu, JM Hu, TCC Siegfired, M Serkiz, SM Hudson, J AF Murph, Simona E. Hunyadi Jacobs, Stephanie Liu, Jimei Hu, Tom C. -C. Siegfired, Matthew Serkiz, Steven M. Hudson, Joan TI Manganese-gold nanoparticles as an MRI positive contrast agent in mesenchymal stem cell labeling SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Gold; Imaging; MRI; Multifunctional nanoparticles; Stem cell uptake; Synthesis; Nanomedicine ID RESONANCE-IMAGING MEMRI; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PRECLINICAL EVALUATION; MURINE MODEL; SIZE; SHAPE; PROGENITORS; VIABILITY; DELIVERY AB We report a straightforward approach to prepare multifunctional manganese-gold nanoparticles by attaching Mn(II) ions onto the surface of 20 nm citrate-capped gold nanoparticles. In vitro MRI measurements made in agarose gel phantoms exhibited high relaxivity (18.26 +/- 1.04 mmol(-1) s(-1)). Controlled incubation of the nanoparticles with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was used to study cellular uptake of these particles and this process appeared to be controlled by the size of the nanoparticle aggregates in the extracellular solution. SEM images of live MSCs showed an increased concentration of particles near the cell membrane and a distribution of the size of particles within the cells. Survivability for MSCs in contact with Mn-Au NPs was greater than 97% over the 3-day period and up to the 1 mM Mn used in this study. The high relaxivity and low cell mortality are suggestive of an enhanced positive contrast agent for in vitro or in vivo applications. C1 [Murph, Simona E. Hunyadi] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29860 USA. [Jacobs, Stephanie; Liu, Jimei; Hu, Tom C. -C.] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Radiol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Serkiz, Steven M.; Hudson, Joan] Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Murph, Simona E. Hunyadi; Siegfired, Matthew; Serkiz, Steven M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Murph, SEH (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, 735-11A,Room 125, Aiken, SC 29860 USA. EM Simona.Murph@srnl.doe.gov NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 AR 658 DI 10.1007/s11051-011-0658-7 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 923TA UT WOS:000302641000001 ER PT J AU Suzudo, T Golubov, SI Stoller, RE Yamaguchi, M Tsuru, T Kaburaki, H AF Suzudo, T. Golubov, S. I. Stoller, R. E. Yamaguchi, M. Tsuru, T. Kaburaki, H. TI Annealing simulation of cascade damage in alpha-Fe - Damage energy and temperature dependence analyses SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID KINETIC MONTE-CARLO; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DEFECT PRODUCTION; IRON; EVOLUTION; ACCUMULATION; ALLOYS AB In this paper, kinetic Monte Carlo method was applied to investigate the long time evolution of cascade damage prepared by molecular dynamics simulations in alpha-Fe up to recoil energy of more than 200 keV. We conducted thorough investigation on how the surviving defects vary with cascade damage energy and annealing temperature. The results can be used for input parameters of rate equations to simulate microstructural evolution under irradiation. The study also suggested that neighboring sub-cascades evolves almost independently during annealing, and that the temperature dependence of the annealing results can be explained by the temperature dependence of vacancy-migration and vacancy-dissociation probabilities. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 [Suzudo, T.; Yamaguchi, M.; Tsuru, T.; Kaburaki, H.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Golubov, S. I.; Stoller, R. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Suzudo, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 2-4 Shirane Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM suzudo.tomoaki@jaea.go.jp; golubovsi@ornl.gov; rkn@ornl.gov; yamaguchi.masatake@jaea.go.jp; tsuru.tomohito@jaea.go.jp; kaburaki.hideo@jaea.go.jp RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1-3 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.014 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 924BU UT WOS:000302666500006 ER PT J AU Xu, HX Osetsky, YN Stoller, RE AF Xu, Haixuan Osetsky, Yury N. Stoller, Roger E. TI Cascade annealing simulations of bcc iron using object kinetic Monte Carlo SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; ALPHA-IRON; RADIATION-DAMAGE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ALLOYS; METALS; FE; ENERGY AB Simulations of displacement cascade annealing were carried out using object kinetic Monte Carlo based on an extensive MD database including various primary knock-on atom energies and directions. The sensitivity of the results to a broad range of material and model parameters was examined. The diffusion mechanism of interstitial clusters has been identified to have the most significant impact on the fraction of stable interstitials that escape the cascade region. The maximum level of recombination was observed for the limiting case in which all interstitial clusters exhibit 3D random walk diffusion. The OKMC model was parameterized using two alternative sets of defect migration and binding energies, one from ab initio calculations and the second from an empirical potential. The two sets of data predict essentially the same fraction of surviving defects but different times associated with the defect escape processes. This study provides a comprehensive picture of the first phase of long-term defect evolution in bcc iron and generates information that can be used as input data for mean field rate theory (MFRT) to predict the microstructure evolution of materials under irradiation. In addition, the limitations of the current OKMC model are discussed and a potential way to overcome these limitations is outlined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Xu, Haixuan; Osetsky, Yury N.; Stoller, Roger E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, HX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM xuh1@ornl.gov RI Xu, Haixuan/C-9841-2009; OI Osetskiy, Yury/0000-0002-8109-0030 FU Center for Defect Physics, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy. Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ERKCS99] FX Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory supported as part of the Center for Defect Physics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy. Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number ERKCS99. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1-3 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.020 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 924BU UT WOS:000302666500014 ER PT J AU Williamson, RL Hales, JD Novascone, SR Tonks, MR Gaston, DR Permann, CJ Andrs, D Martineau, RC AF Williamson, R. L. Hales, J. D. Novascone, S. R. Tonks, M. R. Gaston, D. R. Permann, C. J. Andrs, D. Martineau, R. C. TI Multidimensional multiphysics simulation of nuclear fuel behavior SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK; CREEP; UO2 AB Nuclear fuel operates in an environment that induces complex multiphysics phenomena, occurring over distances ranging from inter-atomic spacing to meters, and times scales ranging from microseconds to years. This multiphysics behavior is often tightly coupled and many important aspects are inherently multidimensional. Most current fuel modeling codes employ loose multiphysics coupling and are restricted to 2D axisymmetric or 1.5D approximations. This paper describes a new modeling tool able to simulate coupled multiphysics and multiscale fuel behavior, for either 2D axisymmetric or 3D geometries. Specific fuel analysis capabilities currently implemented in this tool are described., followed by a set of demonstration problems which include a 10-pellet light water reactor fuel rodlet, three-dimensional analysis of pellet clad mechanical interaction in the vicinity of a defective fuel pellet, coupled heat transfer and fission product diffusion in a TRISO-coated fuel particle, a demonstration of the ability to couple to lower-length scale models to account for material property variation with microstructural evolution, and a demonstration of the tool's ability to efficiently solve very large and complex problems using massively-parallel computing. A final section describes an early validation exercise, comparing simulation results to a light water reactor fuel rod experiment. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Williamson, R. L.; Hales, J. D.; Novascone, S. R.; Tonks, M. R.; Gaston, D. R.; Permann, C. J.; Andrs, D.; Martineau, R. C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Williamson, RL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Richard.Williamson@inl.gov; Jason.Hales@inl.gov; Stephen.Novascone@inl.gov; Michael.Tonks@inl.gov; Derek.Gaston@inl.gov; Cody.Permann@inl.gov; David.Andrs@inl.gov; Richard.Martineau@inl.gov OI Hales, Jason/0000-0003-0836-0476; Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 FU US Government [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the US Government under Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the US Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 47 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 5 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.012 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 924BU UT WOS:000302666500020 ER PT J AU Hengstler-Eger, RM Baldo, P Beck, L Dorner, J Ertl, K Hoffmann, PB Hugenschmidt, C Kirk, MA Petry, W Pikart, P Rempel, A AF Hengstler-Eger, R. M. Baldo, P. Beck, L. Dorner, J. Ertl, K. Hoffmann, P. B. Hugenschmidt, C. Kirk, M. A. Petry, W. Pikart, P. Rempel, A. TI Heavy ion irradiation induced dislocation loops in AREVA's M5 (R) alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONIUM SINGLE-CRYSTALS; C-COMPONENT DISLOCATIONS; BEAM FACILITY NEPOMUC; WT-PERCENT NB; POSITRON BEAM; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; HIGH-INTENSITY; POINT-DEFECTS; HCP METALS; ALPHA-ZR AB Pressurized water reactor (PWR) Zr-based alloy structural materials show creep and growth under neutron irradiation as a consequence of the irradiation induced microstructural changes in the alloy. A better scientific understanding of these microstructural processes can improve simulation programs for structural component deformation and simplify the development of advanced deformation resistant alloys. As in-pile irradiation leads to high material activation and requires long irradiation times, the objective of this work was to study whether ion irradiation is an applicable method to simulate typical PWR neutron damage in Zr-based alloys, with AREVA's M5 (R) alloy as reference material. The irradiated specimens were studied by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), positron Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS) and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at different dose levels and temperatures. The irradiation induced microstructure consisted of < a >- and < c >-type dislocation loops with their characteristics corresponding to typical neutron damage in Zr-based alloys: it can thus be concluded that heavy ion irradiation under the chosen conditions is an excellent method to simulate PWR neutron damage. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hengstler-Eger, R. M.; Hoffmann, P. B.; Rempel, A.] AREVA NP GmbH, AREVA, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany. [Baldo, P.; Kirk, M. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Beck, L.] MLL, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Dorner, J.; Ertl, K.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hugenschmidt, C.; Petry, W.; Pikart, P.] Forsch Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz FRM I, D-85747 Garching, Germany. RP Hengstler-Eger, RM (reprint author), AREVA NP GmbH, AREVA, Paul Gossen Str 100, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany. EM Rosmarie.Hengstler-Eger@areva.com RI Petry, Winfried/K-4998-2016 OI Petry, Winfried/0000-0001-5208-7070 FU AREVA NP GmbH Corporate Research and Development budget; US DOE Office of Science [DE - AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was funded by AREVA NP GmbH Corporate Research and Development budget. The IVEM-Tandem Facility (within the Electron Microscopy Center at ANL) is supported by the US DOE Office of Science and operated under contract No. DE - AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. The author would like to thank Peter Baldo for the IVEM irradiations, and R.B. Adamson and A.T. Motta for their helpful advice. NR 46 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1-3 BP 170 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.002 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 924BU UT WOS:000302666500022 ER PT J AU Brennan, S Warren, AP Coffey, KR Kulkarni, N Todd, P Kilmov, M Sohn, Y AF Brennan, Sarah Warren, Andrew P. Coffey, Kevin R. Kulkarni, Nagraj Todd, Peter Kilmov, Mikhail Sohn, Yongho TI Aluminum Impurity Diffusion in Magnesium SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION LA English DT Article DE aluminum; impurity diffusivity; magnesium; secondary ion mass spectroscopy ID ALLOYS AB The diffusion of Al in polycrystalline Mg (99.9%) was studied via depth profiling with secondary ion mass spectrometry in the temperature range of 573-673 K, utilizing the thin film method and thin film solution to the diffusion equation. Multiple samples with multiple depth profiles on each sample were obtained to determine statistically confident coefficients with a maximum standard deviation between measurements of 16%. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor of Al impurity diffusion in Mg were determined as 155 kJ/mole and 3.9 x 10(-3) m(2)/s, respectively. The Mg substrates have a small grain size (similar to 10 mu m) and therefore some contributions from grain boundary diffusion are expected in the measurements. Sputter roughening during depth profiling, which is inherent to the SIMS process, also contributes to the measured diffusion coefficient, especially in samples with smaller grain sizes. C1 [Brennan, Sarah; Warren, Andrew P.; Coffey, Kevin R.; Kilmov, Mikhail; Sohn, Yongho] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Kulkarni, Nagraj; Todd, Peter] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Sohn, Y (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ysohn@mail.ucf.edu RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010 OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-AC05-00OR 22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX Financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, Automotive Lightweight Materials Program under contract DE-AC05-00OR 22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC is gratefully acknowledged. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1547-7037 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s11669-012-0007-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 920PR UT WOS:000302419300008 ER PT J AU Fan, X Case, ED Ren, F Shu, Y Baumann, MJ AF Fan, X. Case, E. D. Ren, F. Shu, Y. Baumann, M. J. TI Part I: Porosity dependence of the Weibull modulus for hydroxyapatite and other brittle materials SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Hydroxyapatite; Porosity; Biaxial fracture; Weibull modulus ID STABILIZED ZIRCONIA CERAMICS; SINTERED SILICON-NITRIDE; PRINTED THICK-FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE ENERGY; YOUNGS MODULUS; POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; BIAXIAL FLEXURE; POROUS ALUMINA AB Porous brittle materials are used as filters, catalyst supports, solid oxide fuel cells and biomedical materials. However the literature on the Weibull modulus, m, versus volume fraction porosity, P, is extremely limited despite the importance of m as a gauge of mechanical reliability. In Part I of this study, m is determined for 441 sintered hydroxyapatite (HA) specimens fractured in biaxial flexure for 0.08 <= P <= 0.62. In this study, we analyze a combined data set collected from the literature that represents work from a total of 17 different research groups (including the present authors), eight different materials and more than 1560 oxide and non-oxide specimens, the m versus P plot is "U-shaped" with a wide band of m values for P < 0.1 (Region I) and P > 0.55 (Region III), and a narrower band of m values in the intermediate porosity region of 0.1 < P < 0.55 (Region II). The limited range of m (similar to 4 < m < 11) in Region II has important implications since Region II includes the P range for the majority of the applications of porous brittle materials. Part II of this study focuses on the P dependence of the mean fracture strength, < sigma(f) >, and the Young's modulus E for the HA specimens tested in Part I along with literature data for other brittle materials. Both < sigma(f) > and E are power law functions of the degree of densification, phi, where phi = 1 - P/P-G and P-G is the green (unfired) porosity. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fan, X.; Case, E. D.; Ren, F.; Shu, Y.; Baumann, M. J.] Michigan State Univ, Chem Engn & Mat Sci Dept, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ren, F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Case, ED (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Chem Engn & Mat Sci Dept, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM casee@egr.msu.edu FU National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research [DMR-0706449] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research Grant DMR-0706449. In addition, the authors acknowledge the use of the Electron Microscopy facilities at the Center for Advanced Microscopy, Michigan State University. Ring-on-ring loading fixtures were fabricated in the Physics Department Machine Shop in Michigan State University. NR 82 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1751-6161 J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 BP 21 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.12.010 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 922ZA UT WOS:000302586300003 PM 22402151 ER PT J AU Perez-Martin, E Weiss, M Segundo, FDS Pacheco, JM Arzt, J Grubman, MJ de los Santos, T AF Perez-Martin, Eva Weiss, Marcelo Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San Pacheco, Juan M. Arzt, Jonathan Grubman, Marvin J. de los Santos, Teresa TI Bovine Type III Interferon Significantly Delays and Reduces the Severity of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Cattle SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPIDLY PROTECTS SWINE; IFN-LAMBDA; VIRUS-INFECTION; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; I INTERFERON; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; CELL-FUNCTION; EXPRESSION; VACCINES; RNA AB Interferons (IFNs) are the first line of defense against viral infections. Although type I and II IFNs have proven effective to inhibit foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) replication in swine, a similar approach had only limited efficacy in cattle. Recently, a new family of IFNs, type III IFN or IFN-lambda, has been identified in human, mouse, chicken, and swine. We have identified bovine IFN-lambda 3 (boIFN-lambda 3), also known as interleukin 28B (IL-28B), and demonstrated that expression of this molecule using a recombinant replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector, Ad5-boIFN-lambda 3, exhibited antiviral activity against FMDV in bovine cell culture. Furthermore, inoculation of cattle with Ad5-boIFN-lambda 3 induced systemic antiviral activity and upregulation of IFN-stimulated gene expression in the upper respiratory airways and skin. In the present study, we demonstrated that disease could be delayed for at least 6 days when cattle were inoculated with Ad5-boIFN-lambda 3 and challenged 24 h later by intradermolingual inoculation with FMDV. Furthermore, the delay in the appearance of disease was significantly prolonged when treated cattle were challenged by aerosolization of FMDV, using a method that resembles the natural route of infection. No clinical signs of FMD, viremia, or viral shedding in nasal swabs was found in the Ad5-boIFN-lambda 3-treated animals for at least 9 days postchallenge. Our results indicate that boIFN-lambda 3 plays a critical role in the innate immune response of cattle against FMDV. To this end, this work represents the most successful biotherapeutic strategy so far tested to control FMDV in cattle. C1 [Perez-Martin, Eva; Weiss, Marcelo; Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San; Pacheco, Juan M.; Arzt, Jonathan; Grubman, Marvin J.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. [Perez-Martin, Eva; Weiss, Marcelo; Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP de los Santos, T (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. EM teresa.delossantos@arsusda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012; OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210; Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS [1940-32000-053-00D ARS]; USDA; Department of Homeland Security [60-1940-9-028, 60-1940-7-047] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (appointments of Eva Perez-Martin, Marcelo Weiss, and Fayna Diaz-San Segundo), by CRIS project 1940-32000-053-00D ARS, USDA (Teresa de los Santos and Marvin J. Grubman), and by reimbursable agreements with Department of Homeland Security 60-1940-9-028 Task 3a (Teresa de los Santos) and 60-1940-7-047 (Marvin J. Grubman). NR 54 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 8 BP 4477 EP 4487 DI 10.1128/JVI.06683-1 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 917NU UT WOS:000302185400042 PM 22301155 ER PT J AU Busch, S Hatridge, M Mossle, M Myers, W Wong, T Muck, M Chew, K Kuchinsky, K Simko, J Clarke, J AF Busch, Sarah Hatridge, Michael Moessle, Michael Myers, Whittier Wong, Travis Mueck, Michael Chew, Kevin Kuchinsky, Kyle Simko, Jeffry Clarke, John TI Measurements of T1-relaxation in ex vivo prostate tissue at 132 mu T SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; T1 contrast; T1 map; microtesla MRI; SQUID ID MICROTESLA MAGNETIC-FIELDS; MRI; CANCER; LOCALIZATION; CARCINOMA; METAL AB The proton T1 was measured at 132 mu T in ex vivo prostate tissue specimens from radical prostatectomies of 35 patients with prostate cancer. Each patient provided two specimens. The NMR and MRI measurements involved proton repolarization, a field of typically 150 mT and detection of the 5.6-kHz signal with a superconducting quantum interference device. Values of T1 varied from 41 to 86 ms. Subsequently, the percentages of tissue types were determined histologically. The theoretical image contrast is quantified for each case by d = [1 T1(more cancer)/T1(less cancer)]. A linear fit of d versus difference in percentage cancer yields T1 (100% cancer)/T1 (0% cancer) = 0.70 +/- 0.05 with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.30. Two-dimensional T1 maps for four specimens demonstrate variation within a single specimen. These results suggest that MR images with T1 contrast established at ultra-low fields may discriminate prostate cancer from normal prostate tissue in vivo without a contrast agent. Magn Reson Med, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Busch, Sarah; Hatridge, Michael; Moessle, Michael; Myers, Whittier; Wong, Travis; Clarke, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Busch, Sarah; Hatridge, Michael; Moessle, Michael; Myers, Whittier; Wong, Travis; Clarke, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mueck, Michael] Univ Giessen, Dept Phys, Giessen, Germany. [Chew, Kevin; Kuchinsky, Kyle; Simko, Jeffry] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Simko, Jeffry] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Busch, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM sebusch@gmail.com FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of Health [5R21CA133338, P50 CA89520] FX Grant sponsor for the development of the ULF MRI technique: Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy; Grant number: DE-AC02-05CH11231; Grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Grant number: 5R21CA133338; Grant sponsor for Dr. Simko's participation: National Institutes of Health; Grant number: P50 CA89520. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGN RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD APR PY 2012 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1138 EP 1145 DI 10.1002/mrm.24177 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 909AF UT WOS:000301533500029 PM 22294500 ER PT J AU Tseng, YH Chien, SH Jin, JM Miller, NL AF Tseng, Yu-Heng Chien, Shou-Hung Jin, Jiming Miller, Norman L. TI Modeling Air-Land-Sea Interactions Using the Integrated Regional Model System in Monterey Bay, California SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SANTA-CRUZ EDDY; COAST; VARIABILITY; OCEAN AB The air-land-sea interaction in the vicinity of Monterey Bay, California, is simulated and investigated using a new Integrated Regional Model System (I-RMS). This new model realistically resolves coastal processes and submesoscale features that are poorly represented in atmosphere-ocean general circulation models where systematic biases are seen in the long-term model integration. The current I-RMS integrates version 3.1 of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model and version 3.0 of the Community Land Model with an advanced coastal ocean model, based on the nonhydrostatic Monterey Bay Area Regional Ocean Model. The daily land-sea-breeze circulations and the Santa Cruz eddy are fully resolved using high-resolution grids in the coastal margin. In the ocean, coastal upwelling and submesoscale gyres are also well simulated with this version of the coupled I-RMS. Comparison with observations indicates that the high-resolution, improved representation of ocean dynamics in the I-RMS increases the surface moisture flux and the resulting lower-atmospheric water vapor, a primary controlling mechanism for the enhancement of regional coastal fog formation, particularly along the West Coast of the conterminous United States. The I-RMS results show the importance of detailed ocean feedbacks due to coastal upwelling in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. C1 [Tseng, Yu-Heng; Chien, Shou-Hung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmosphere Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Jin, Jiming] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci & Plants, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Jin, Jiming] Utah State Univ, Dept Soils, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Jin, Jiming] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Miller, Norman L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Miller, Norman L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jin, Jiming] Utah State Univ, Dept Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Tseng, YH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmosphere Sci, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM yhtseng@as.ntu.edu.tw RI Jin, Jiming/A-9678-2011; OI Tseng, Yu-heng/0000-0002-4816-4974 FU National Science Council, Taiwan [992811M002107, 1002628M002010MY2, 1002199M001029MY5] FX The financial support from National Science Council, Taiwan (Grants 992811M002107, 1002628M002010MY2, and 1002199M001029MY5: Laboratory for Climate Change Research-Consortium for Climate Change Study), is appreciated. We acknowledge the data provided by the governmental agencies, commercial firms, and educational institutions participating in MesoWest. We would also like to acknowledge the National Center for High-Performance Computing, Taiwan, for providing computing resources to facilitate this research. Detailed comments from three anonymous reviewers are deeply appreciated. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2012 VL 140 IS 4 BP 1285 EP 1306 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-10-05071.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 920ZS UT WOS:000302448400015 ER PT J AU Gaines, L AF Gaines, Linda TI To recycle, or not to recycle, that is the question: Insights from life-cycle analysis SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Everyone has heard the slogan "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle"-but does observing this hierarchy really minimize negative impacts? With respect to reduction, it seems clear that using less of something decreases the impact. Similarly, reuse of a material or product should decrease the impact of each use, as long as the resources needed to restore the item to usable condition each time are not too large. For recycling, the picture varies by material and often involves tradeoffs among impacts. Life-cycle analysis aims to comprehensively compare all of the impacts of various disposition options. This article summarizes the pros and cons of recycling materials used in paper, drink containers, and the complex batteries for electric vehicles from the perspective of life-cycle analysis. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gaines, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lgaines@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Vehicle Technologies; [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was sponsored primarily by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Vehicle Technologies. The submitted article was created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 333 EP 338 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.40 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 921IY UT WOS:000302472500004 ER PT J AU Keoleian, GA Sullivan, JL AF Keoleian, Gregory A. Sullivan, John L. TI Materials challenges and opportunities for enhancing the sustainability of automobiles SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CONSTRAINT; ALUMINUM; VEHICLES AB Materials play a major role in defining the sustainability performance of automobiles throughout their materials-production, manufacturing, use, and end-of-life stages. Materials production and manufacturing raise many sustainability issues, including resource scarcity and materials sourcing, energy and carbon intensity, and materials efficiency in parts fabrication. In the use stage, materials properties such as density and strength directly affect materials-mass requirements, which influence two dominant sustainability parameters for vehicles: fuel economy and service life. For conventional vehicles, the operation segment of the use stage accounts for about 85% of the total life-cycle energy consumption and greenhouse-gas emissions. Consequently, powertrain technologies and efficiencies as well as fuel-cycle processes control these impacts. Future trends in vehicle electrification will shift the magnitude and distribution of life-cycle impacts and the effectiveness of materials strategies for improving sustainability, such as lightweighting. In many cases, the materials-production stage could become a greater determinant in life-cycle impacts. With current vehicle end-of-life management infrastructure, 85% of materials are recyclable, but recovery of plastics and segregation of metal alloys represent opportunities for improvement. Life-cycle assessment and cost analysis provide the most comprehensive methods for evaluating the sustainability of materials strategies. Using a life-cycle framework, this article highlights the current and future materials challenges and opportunities driving vehicle sustainability performance. C1 [Keoleian, Gregory A.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Sullivan, John L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Keoleian, GA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM gregak@umich.edu; jsullivan@anl.gov FU National Science Foundation's Materials Use Science Engineering and Society (MUSES) [CMMI 0628162]; Department of Energy U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) on Clean Vehicles FX Funding from the National Science Foundation's Materials Use Science Engineering and Society (MUSES) Project, Grant CMMI 0628162, and the Department of Energy U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) on Clean Vehicles is acknowledged. Research assistance was provided by Robb De Kleine and Jason MacDonald of the Center for Sustainable Systems at the University of Michigan. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.52 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 921IY UT WOS:000302472500008 ER PT J AU Hurd, AJ Kelley, RL Eggert, RG Lee, MH AF Hurd, Alan J. Kelley, Ronald L. Eggert, Roderick G. Lee, Min-Ha TI Energy-critical elements for sustainable development SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Energy-critical elements (ECEs) are chemical and isotopic species that are required for emerging sustainable energy sources and that might encounter supply disruptions. An oft-cited example is the rare-earth element neodymium used in high-strength magnets, but elements other than rare earths, for example, helium, are also considered ECEs. The relationships among abundance, markets, and geopolitics that constrain supply are at least as complex as the electronic and nuclear attributes that make ECEs valuable. In an effort to ensure supply for renewable-energy technologies, science decision makers are formulating policies to mitigate supply risk, sometimes without full view of the complexity of important factors, such as unanticipated market responses to policy, society's needs for these elements in the course of basic research, and a lack of substitutes for utterly unique physical properties. This article places ECEs in historical context, highlights relevant market factors, and reviews policy recommendations made by various studies and governments. Actions taken by the United States and other countries are also described. Although availability and scarcity are related, many ECEs are relatively common yet their supply is at risk. Sustainable development requires informed action and cooperation between governments, industries, and researchers. C1 [Hurd, Alan J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kelley, Ronald L.] MRS Washington Off, Washington, DC USA. [Kelley, Ronald L.] Livingston Grp, Sci Technol & Telecommun Practice Area, Washington, DC USA. [Eggert, Roderick G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lee, Min-Ha] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Cheonan, South Korea. RP Hurd, AJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ajhurd@lanl.gov; rkelley@livingstongroupdc.com; reggert@mines.edu; mhlee1@kitech.re.kr FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396, LA-UR 11-06728] FX This work benefited from the Santa Fe Institute and the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contracts DE-AC52-06NA25396 and LA-UR 11-06728). NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 35 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 405 EP 410 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.54 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 921IY UT WOS:000302472500013 ER PT J AU Fthenakis, V AF Fthenakis, Vasilis TI Sustainability metrics for extending thin-film photovoltaics to terawatt levels SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID LIFE-CYCLE; CADMIUM; EMISSIONS; AVAILABILITY; TELLURIUM; FUTURE; ENERGY; IMPACT; METAL; TE AB Over the past 12 years, photovoltaics enjoyed an average growth of similar to 45% per year that was affected only marginally by the recent global financial crisis. Industrial roadmaps and analysts' forecasts share visions of solar power becoming a major contributor to national and global electricity grids, with several terawatts of cumulative deployment by 2050 or earlier. For photovoltaics technology to become a major sustainable player in a competitive power-generation market, it must provide abundant, affordable electricity, with environmental impacts dramatically lower than those from conventional power generation. This article summarizes the prospects in each of three basic aspects of sustainability, namely, system costs, environmental impacts, and resource availability, all of which are examined in the context of prospective life-cycle assessment. Indeed, these three aspects are closely related: Increasing the efficiency of material recovery by recycling spent modules will become increasingly important in resolving cost, resource, and environmental constraints on large-scale sustainable growth. C1 [Fthenakis, Vasilis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Fthenakis, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM vmf@bnl.gov NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 425 EP 430 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.50 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 921IY UT WOS:000302472500016 ER PT J AU Espinal, L Morreale, BD AF Espinal, Laura Morreale, Bryan D. TI Materials challenges in carbon-mitigation technologies SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; CO2 CAPTURE TECHNOLOGY; IONIC LIQUID-MEMBRANES; DIOXIDE CAPTURE; HYDROGEN PURIFICATION; POLYMERIC MEMBRANES; OXYGEN SEPARATION; SWING ADSORPTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GAS AB Given the increasing size of CO2-generating industries and the mounting awareness of their environmental impact, carbon-management technologies are expected to play an important role in curtailing environmental emissions in coming years. A major challenge in carbon management is the development of cost-effective, technologically compatible, and efficient CO2 capture and storage technologies. The development of energy-efficient solvent, solid-sorbent, and membrane materials to capture CO2 from industrial exhaust streams can take improvements in process efficiency one step further. Also, the permanent storage of CO2 in geologic formations is critical to the success of carbon-management technologies and requires better understanding of interactions of CO2 with underground materials. These and other materials challenges must be solved to make carbon capture and storage an economically viable and reliable technology to be adopted by the power and product manufacturing industries. C1 [Espinal, Laura] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Morreale, Bryan D.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Res & Dev, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Espinal, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM laura.espinal@nist.gov; bryan.morreale@netl.doe.gov NR 89 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 23 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD APR PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.10 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 921IY UT WOS:000302472500017 ER PT J AU Bark, CW Sharma, P Wang, Y Baek, SH Lee, S Ryu, S Folkman, CM Paudel, TR Kumar, A Kalinin, SV Sokolov, A Tsymbal, EY Rzchowski, MS Gruverman, A Eom, CB AF Bark, C. W. Sharma, P. Wang, Y. Baek, S. H. Lee, S. Ryu, S. Folkman, C. M. Paudel, T. R. Kumar, A. Kalinin, S. V. Sokolov, A. Tsymbal, E. Y. Rzchowski, M. S. Gruverman, A. Eom, C. B. TI Switchable Induced Polarization in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Heterointerfaces; complex oxides; oxygen vacancies; piezoresponse force microscopy ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; FORCE MICROSCOPY; INTERFACE; NANOSCALE; SURFACE; HETEROINTERFACE; FERROELECTRICS; MOBILITY; STATE; FILMS AB Demonstration of a tunable conductivity of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces drew significant attention to the development of oxide electronic structures where electronic confinement can be reduced to the nanometer range. While the mechanisms for the conductivity modulation are quite different and include metal insulator phase transition and surface charge writing, generally it is implied that this effect is a result of electrical modification of the LaAlO3 surface (either due to electrochemical dissociation of surface adsorbates or free charge deposition) leading to the change in the two-dimensional electron. gas (2DEG) density at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) interface. In this paper, using piezoresponse force microscopy we demonstrate a switchable electromechanical response of the LAO overlayer, which we attribute to the motion of oxygen vacancies through the LAO layer thickness. These electrically induced reversible changes in bulk stoichiometry of the LAO layer are a signature of a possible additional mechanism for nanoscale oxide 2DEG control on LAO/STO interfaces. C1 [Bark, C. W.; Baek, S. H.; Lee, S.; Ryu, S.; Folkman, C. M.; Eom, C. B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sharma, P.; Wang, Y.; Paudel, T. R.; Sokolov, A.; Tsymbal, E. Y.; Gruverman, A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Rzchowski, M. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kumar, A.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Eom, CB (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM eom@engr.wisc.edu RI Lee, Sanghan/C-8876-2012; Wang, Yong/F-7019-2010; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Kumar, Amit/C-9662-2012; Baek, Seung-Hyub/B-9189-2013; Tsymbal, Evgeny/G-3493-2013; Bark, Chung Wung/B-9534-2014; Eom, Chang-Beom/I-5567-2014; Gruverman, alexei/P-3537-2014 OI Lee, Sanghan/0000-0002-5807-864X; Wang, Yong/0000-0002-0248-9757; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Kumar, Amit/0000-0002-1194-5531; Bark, Chung Wung/0000-0002-9394-4240; Gruverman, alexei/0000-0003-0492-2750 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0906443, EPS-1010674]; Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF) [DMR-0820521]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (DOE) [DE-SC0004876]; Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) [G11016]; Nebraska Research Initiative FX The work at University of Wisconsin was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant DMR-0906443. The work at University of Nebraska was supported by the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF Grant DMR-0820521), by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (DOE Grant DE-SC0004876), Cross-Disciplinary Semiconductor Research Program of Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC Grant G11016), Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (NSF Grant EPS-1010674), and the Nebraska Research Initiative. NR 39 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 13 U2 170 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1765 EP 1771 DI 10.1021/nl3001088 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600004 PM 22400486 ER PT J AU Chung, DS Lee, JS Huang, J Nag, A Ithurria, S Talapin, DV AF Chung, Dae Sung Lee, Jong-Soo Huang, Jing Nag, Angshuman Ithurria, Sandrine Talapin, Dmitri V. TI Low Voltage, Hysteresis Free, and High Mobility Transistors from All-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocrystals SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Semiconductor nanocrystals; inorganic ligands; charge transport; electron mobility; field-effect transistor ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; GATE DIELECTRICS; HOLE MOBILITY; SOLIDS; TEMPERATURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE; DEPENDENCE; TRANSPORT AB High-mobility solution-processed all-inorganic solid state nanocrystal (NC) transistors with low operation voltage and near-zero hysteresis are demonstrated using high-capacitance ZrOx and hydroxyl-free Cytop gate dielectric materials. The use of inorganic capping ligands (In2Se42- and S2-) allowed us to achieve high electron mobility in the arrays of solution-processed CdSe nanocrystals. We also studied the hysteresis behavior and switching speed of NC-based field effect devices. Collectively, these analyses helped to understand the charge transport and trapping mechanisms in all-inorganic NCs arrays. Finally, we have examined the rapid thermal annealing as an approach toward high-performance solution-processed NCs-based devices and demonstrated transistor operation with mobility above 30 cm(2)/(V s) without compromising low operation voltage and hysteresis. C1 [Chung, Dae Sung; Lee, Jong-Soo; Huang, Jing; Nag, Angshuman; Ithurria, Sandrine; Talapin, Dmitri V.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chung, Dae Sung; Lee, Jong-Soo; Huang, Jing; Nag, Angshuman; Ithurria, Sandrine; Talapin, Dmitri V.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Talapin, Dmitri V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Talapin, DV (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dvtalapin@uchicago.edu RI Nag, Angshuman /E-5295-2010; Lee, Jong-Soo /F-7461-2010; Chung, Dae /B-2142-2014 OI Lee, Jong-Soo /0000-0002-3045-2206; FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0190]; NSF [DMR-0847535]; NSF MRSEC [DMR-0213745]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank James Kurley for help with RTA measurements. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Award Number N00014-10-1-0190 and by NSF CAREER under Award Number DMR-0847535. The work also used facilities supported by NSF MRSEC Program under Award Number DMR-0213745. The Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 36 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 7 U2 99 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1813 EP 1820 DI 10.1021/nl203949n PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600013 PM 22385132 ER PT J AU Yoon, I Kim, K Baker, SE Heineck, D Esener, SC Sirbuly, DJ AF Yoon, Ilsun Kim, Kanguk Baker, Sarah E. Heineck, Daniel Esener, Sadik C. Sirbuly, Donald J. TI Stimulus-Responsive Light Coupling and Modulation with Nanofiber Waveguide Junctions SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Semiconductor nanowire; subwavelength waveguide; light modulation; evanescent field; sensor; nanophotonics ID PHOTONIC-CRYSTAL; NANOWIRE ASSEMBLIES; MULTILAYER FILMS; INTEGRATION; WAVELENGTH; NANOBELTS; TRANSPORT AB We report a systematic study of light coupling at junctions of overlapping SnO2 nanofiber waveguides (WGs) as a function of gap separation and guided wavelength. The junctions were assembled on silica substrates using micromanipulation techniques and the gap separation was controlled by depositing thin self-assembled polyelectrolyte coatings at the fiber junctions. We demonstrate that the coupling efficiency is strongly dependent on the gap separation, showing strong fluctuations (0.1 dB/tam) in the power transfer when the separation between nanofibers changes by as little as 2 nm. Experimental results correlate well with numerical simulations using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain techniques. To demonstrate the feasibility of using coupled nanofiber WGs to modulate light, we encased the junctions in an environment-responsive matrix and exposed the junctions to gaseous vapor. The nanofiber junctions show an similar to 95% (or similar to 80%) modulation of the guided 450 nm (or 510 nm) light upon interaction with the gaseous molecules. The results reveal a unique nanofiber-based sensing scheme that does not require a change in the refractive index to detect stimuli, suggesting these structures could play important roles in localized sensing devices including force-based measurements or novel chemically induced light modulators. C1 [Yoon, Ilsun; Kim, Kanguk; Esener, Sadik C.; Sirbuly, Donald J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Baker, Sarah E.; Sirbuly, Donald J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Heineck, Daniel; Esener, Sadik C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Sirbuly, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM dsirbuly@ucsd.edu FU University of California; Office of the President (UC-LFRP) [121229]; University of California, San Diego FX The authors acknowledge financial support for this project from the University of California, Office of the President (UC-LFRP, Grant 121229) and the University of California, San Diego start-up funds of D.J.S. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1905 EP 1911 DI 10.1021/nl2043024 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600028 PM 22449127 ER PT J AU Pan, MH Girao, EC Jia, XT Bhaviripudi, S Li, Q Kong, J Meunier, V Dresselhaus, MS AF Pan, Minghu Costa Girao, E. Jia, Xiaoting Bhaviripudi, Sreekar Li, Qing Kong, Jing Meunier, V. Dresselhaus, Mildred S. TI Topographic and Spectroscopic Characterization of Electronic Edge States in CVD Grown Graphene Nanoribbons SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; nanoribbon; chemical vapor deposition; edge states; scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy ID RIBBONS; CARBON; ZIGZAG AB We used scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/S) techniques to analyze the relationships between the edge shapes and the electronic structures in as-grown chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). A rich variety of single-layered graphene nanoribbons exhibiting a width of several to 100 nm and up to 1 mu m long were studied. High-resolution STM images highlight highly crystalline nanoribbon structures with well-defined and clean edges. Theoretical calculations indicate clear spin-split edge states induced by electron electron Coulomb repulsion. The edge defects can significantly modify these edge states, and different edge structures for both sides of a single ribbon produce asymmetric electronic edge states, which reflect the more realistic features of CVD grown GNRs. Three structural models are proposed and analyzed to explain the observations. By comparing the models with an atomic resolution image at the edge, a pristine (2,1) structure was ruled out in favor of a reconstructed edge structure composed of 5-7 member rings, showing a better match with experimental results, and thereby suggesting the possibility of a defective morphology at the edge of CVD grown nanoribbons. C1 [Kong, Jing; Dresselhaus, Mildred S.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dresselhaus, Mildred S.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Jia, Xiaoting; Bhaviripudi, Sreekar] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Pan, Minghu; Li, Qing] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Costa Girao, E.; Meunier, V.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Astron & Appl Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Costa Girao, E.; Meunier, V.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Costa Girao, E.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Fis, BR-60455900 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Costa Girao, E.; Meunier, V.] Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Fis, BR-64049550 Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. RP Dresselhaus, MS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM millie@mgm.mit.edu RI Girao, Eduardo/C-5620-2012; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Jia, Xiaoting/E-2669-2015; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/J-4630-2016; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Jia, Xiaoting/0000-0003-4890-6103; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780; FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation NSF [DMR 0845358]; CNPq; CAPES [process 0327-10-7] FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The work at MIT was done under ONR-N00014-09-1-1063 (X.J., M.S.D., and J.K.) while S.B. and J.K. acknowledge the support from National Science Foundation NSF DMR 0845358. E.C.G. acknowledges support from the Brazilian agencies CNPq and CAPES (process 0327-10-7). NR 28 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 7 U2 133 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1928 EP 1933 DI 10.1021/nl204392s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600032 PM 22364382 ER PT J AU Yang, H Huang, S Huang, X Fan, FF Liang, WT Liu, XH Chen, LQ Huang, JY Li, J Zhu, T Zhang, SL AF Yang, Hui Huang, Shan Huang, Xu Fan, Feifei Liang, Wentao Liu, Xiao Hua Chen, Long-Qing Huang, Jian Yu Li, Ju Zhu, Ting Zhang, Sulin TI Orientation-Dependent Interfacial Mobility Governs the Anisotropic Swelling in Lithiated Silicon Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Silicon nanowire; lithium-ion battery; anisotropic swelling; orientation-dependent interfacial mobility; diffusion; elasto-plastic deformation ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS; ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION; HIGH-CAPACITY; CRYSTALLINE SILICON; ANODES; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODES; COMPOSITE; EVOLUTION AB Recent independent experiments demonstrated that the lithiation-induced volume expansion in silicon nanowires, nanopillars, and microslabs is highly anisotropic, with predominant expansion along the < 110 > direction but negligibly small expansion along the < 111 > direction. The origin of such anisotropic behavior remains elusive. Here, we develop a chemomechanical model to study the phase evolution and morphological changes in lithiated silicon nanowires. The model couples the diffusive reaction of lithium with the lithiation-induced elasto-plastic deformation. We show that the apparent anisotropic swelling is critically controlled by the orientation-dependent mobility of the core-shell interface, i.e., the lithiation reaction rate at the atomically sharp phase boundary between the crystalline core and the amorphous shell. Our results also underscore the importance of structural relaxation by plastic flow behind the moving phase boundary, which is essential to quantitative prediction of the experimentally observed morphologies of lithiated silicon nanowires. The study sheds light on the lithiation-mediated failure in nanowire-based electrodes, and the modeling framework provides a basis for simulating the morphological evolution, stress generation, and fracture in high-capacity electrodes for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries. C1 [Li, Ju] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Li, Ju] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yang, Hui; Huang, Xu; Liang, Wentao; Zhang, Sulin] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chen, Long-Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Huang, Shan; Fan, Feifei; Zhu, Ting] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Liang, Wentao; Liu, Xiao Hua; Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM liju@mit.edu; ting.zhu@me.gatech.edu; suz10@psu.edu RI Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Zhu, Ting/A-2206-2009; Li, Ju/A-2993-2008; YANG, HUI/H-6996-2012; Liu, Xiaohua/A-8752-2011; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Zhang, Sulin /E-6457-2010; Huang, Xu/I-4416-2014; Liang, Wentao/J-8771-2015; OI Li, Ju/0000-0002-7841-8058; YANG, HUI/0000-0002-2628-4676; Liu, Xiaohua/0000-0002-7300-7145; Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Fan, Feifei/0000-0003-0455-4900 FU NSF [CMMI-0900692, CMMI-0758554, 100205, DMR 0710483, 1006541, DMR-1008104, DMR-1120901]; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies at Sandia National Lab, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04- 94AL85000]; AFOSR [FA9550-08-1-0325] FX S.Z. acknowledges support by NSF grant CMMI-0900692. T.Z. acknowledges support by NSF grants CMMI-0758554 and 1100205. J.Y.H. acknowledges the support from the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies at Sandia National Lab, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04- 94AL85000. L.-Q.C. acknowledges the support by NSF grant numbers DMR 0710483 and 1006541. J.L. acknowledges the support by NSF DMR-1008104 and DMR-1120901 and AFOSR FA9550-08-1-0325. NR 44 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 9 U2 131 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1953 EP 1958 DI 10.1021/nl204437t PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600036 PM 22439984 ER PT J AU Mohite, AD Perea, DE Singh, S Dayeh, SA Campbell, IH Picraux, ST Htoon, H AF Mohite, A. D. Perea, D. E. Singh, S. Dayeh, S. A. Campbell, I. H. Picraux, S. T. Htoon, H. TI Highly Efficient Charge Separation and Collection across in Situ Doped Axial VLS-Grown Si Nanowire p-n Junctions SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Minority carrier diffusion length; photocurrent; p-n junction; nanowire; scanning photocurrent microscopy ID ARRAY PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SILICON NANOWIRES; SOLAR-CELLS; SINGLE; RECOMBINATION; TRANSPORT AB VLS-grown semiconductor nanowires have emerged as a viable prospect for future solar-based energy applications. In this paper, we report highly efficient charge separation and collection across in situ doped Si p-n junction nanowires with a diameter <100 nm grown in a cold wall CVD reactor. Our photoexcitation measurements indicate an internal quantum efficiency of similar to 50%, whereas scanning photocurrent microscopy measurements reveal effective minority carrier diffusion lengths of similar to 1.0 mu m for electrons and 0.66 mu m for holes for as-grown Si nanowires (d(NW) approximate to 65-80 nm), which are an order of magnitude larger than those previously reported for nanowires of similar diameter. Further analysis reveals that the strong suppression of surface recombination is mainly responsible for these relatively long diffusion lengths, with surface recombination velocities (S) calculated to be 2 orders of magnitude lower than found previously for as-grown nanowires, all of which used hot wall reactors. The degree of surface passivation achieved in our as-grown nanowires is comparable to or better than that achieved for nanowires in prior studies at significantly larger diameters. We suggest that the dramatically improved surface recombination velocities may result from the reduced sidewall reactions and deposition in our cold wall CVD reactor. C1 [Mohite, A. D.; Perea, D. E.; Singh, S.; Dayeh, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.; Htoon, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Perea, D. E.; Dayeh, S. A.; Campbell, I. H.; Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Mohite, A. D.; Singh, S.; Htoon, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Mohite, AD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM amohite@lanl.gov; picraux@lanl.gov; htoon@lanl.gov RI Dayeh, Shadi/H-5621-2012; Perea, Daniel/A-5345-2010; OI Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; CINT at LANL; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank John Baldwin from the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for his help in preparing the growth substrates needed for the nanowire synthesis. This work was performed, in part, at CINT, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. The research was funded in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program and by CINT at LANL, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1965 EP 1971 DI 10.1021/nl204505p PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600038 PM 22432793 ER PT J AU Koenigsmann, C Sutter, E Chiesa, TA Adzic, RR Wong, SS AF Koenigsmann, Christopher Sutter, Eli Chiesa, Thomas A. Adzic, Radoslav R. Wong, Stanislaus S. TI Highly Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Performance Observed in Bimetallic Palladium-Based Nanowires Prepared under Ambient, Surfactantless Conditions SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanowire; bimetallic; palladium; electrocatalysis; platinum monolayer; oxygen reduction reaction ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; CATALYSTS; NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATION; ULTRATHIN; DESIGN; ALLOY AB We have employed an ambient, template-based technique that is simple, efficient, and surfactantless to generate a series of bimetallic Pd1-xAux and Pd1-xPtx nanowires with control over composition and size. Our as-prepared nanowires maintain significantly enhanced activity toward oxygen reduction as compared with commercial Pt nanoparticles and other ID nanostructures, as a result of their homogeneous alloyed structure. Specifically, Pd9Au and Pd4Pt nanowires possess oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities of 0.49 and 0.79 mA/cm(2), respectively, which are larger than the analogous value For commercial Pt nanoparticles (0.21 mA/cm(2)). In addition, core-shell Pt similar to Pd9Au nanowires have been prepared by electrodepositing a Pt monolayer shell and the corresponding specific, platinum mass, and platinum group metal mass activities were found to be 0.95 mA/cm(2), 2.08 A/mg(PV) and 0.16 A/mg(PGM), respectively. The increased activity and catalytic performance is accompanied by improved durability toward ORR. C1 [Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Wong, Stanislaus S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sutter, Eli] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Koenigsmann, Christopher; Chiesa, Thomas A.; Wong, Stanislaus S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM adzic@bnl.gov; sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Research (including support for SSW and electrochemical experiments) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. We thank Dr. J. Quinn and Dr. A. Santulli for their assistance with obtaining SEM-EDAX measurements. We also acknowledge S. Van Horn and the Central Microscopy Imaging Center (CMIC) at Stony Brook University for assistance with preparing the microtome cross sections. Experiments in this manuscript were performed in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials located at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 36 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 12 U2 145 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2013 EP 2020 DI 10.1021/nl300033e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600045 PM 22452593 ER PT J AU Takei, K Madsen, M Fang, H Kapadia, R Chuang, S Kim, HS Liu, CH Plis, E Nah, J Krishna, S Chueh, YL Guo, J Javey, A AF Takei, Kuniharu Madsen, Morten Fang, Hui Kapadia, Rehan Chuang, Steven Kim, Ha Sul Liu, Chin-Hung Plis, E. Nah, Junghyo Krishna, Sanjay Chueh, Yu-Lun Guo, Jing Javey, Ali TI Nanoscale InGaSb Heterostructure Membranes on Si Substrates for High Hole Mobility Transistors SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE III-V-on-insulator; MOSFETs; XOI; two-dimensional membranes; heterojunction ID MOSFETS; SEMICONDUCTOR; ENHANCEMENT; CHANNEL; DEVICES; AL2O3 AB As of yet, III-V p-type field-effect transistors (p-FETs) on Si have not been reported, due partly to materials and processing challenges, presenting an important bottleneck in the development of complementary III-V electronics. Here, we report the first high-mobility HI-V p-FET on Si, enabled by the epitaxial layer transfer of InGaSb heterostructures with nanoscale thicknesses. Importantly, the use of ultrathin (thickness, similar to 2.5 nm) InAs cladding layers results in drastic performance enhancements arising from (i) surface passivation of the InGaSb channel, (ii) mobility enhancement due to the confinement of holes in InGaSb, and (iii) low-resistance, dopant-free contacts due to the type III band alignment of the heterojunction. The fabricated p-FETs display a peak effective mobility of similar to 820 cm(2)/(V s) for holes with a subthreshold swing of similar to 130 mV/decade. The results present an important advance in the field of III-V electronics. C1 [Takei, Kuniharu; Madsen, Morten; Fang, Hui; Kapadia, Rehan; Chuang, Steven; Kim, Ha Sul; Nah, Junghyo; Javey, Ali] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Takei, Kuniharu; Madsen, Morten; Fang, Hui; Kapadia, Rehan; Chuang, Steven; Kim, Ha Sul; Nah, Junghyo; Javey, Ali] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Plis, E.; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Liu, Chin-Hung; Chueh, Yu-Lun] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Guo, Jing] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Javey, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ajavey@eecs.berkeley.edu RI Madsen, Morten/K-8597-2012; Kapadia, Rehan/B-4100-2013; Liu, Chin-Hung/M-1882-2013; Fang, Hui/I-8973-2014; Javey, Ali/B-4818-2013; Nah, Junghyo/P-3761-2015; Chueh, Yu-Lun/E-2053-2013; OI Kapadia, Rehan/0000-0002-7611-0551; Fang, Hui/0000-0002-4651-9786; Nah, Junghyo/0000-0001-9975-239X; Chueh, Yu-Lun/0000-0002-0155-9987; Madsen, Morten/0000-0001-6503-0479 FU FCRP/MSD; NSF COINS; Intel; NSF E3S Center; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Sloan Research Fellowship; NSF; World Class University at Sunchon National University; National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 98-2112-M-007-025-MY3]; Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences FX The device aspects of this work were funded by FCRP/MSD, NSF COINS, Intel, and NSF E3S Center. The materials characterization part of this work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. A.J. acknowledges a Sloan Research Fellowship, NSF CAREER Award, and support from the World Class University program at Sunchon National University. Y.-L.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Council, Taiwan, through grant no. NSC 98-2112-M-007-025-MY3. R.K. and M.M. acknowledge an NSF Graduate Fellowship and a postdoctoral fellowship from the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences, respectively. NR 30 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2060 EP 2066 DI 10.1021/nl300228b PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600053 PM 22409386 ER PT J AU Halverson, AF Zhu, K Erslev, PT Kim, JY Neale, NR Frank, AJ AF Halverson, Adam F. Zhu, Kai Erslev, Peter T. Kim, Jin Young Neale, Nathan R. Frank, Arthur J. TI Perturbation of the Electron Transport Mechanism by Proton Intercalation in Nanoporous TiO2 Films SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Proton intercalation; nanoporous TiO2 films; electron transport; activation energy; time-of-flight; random walk simulation ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; NANOSTRUCTURED TIO2; PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES; ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; HYDROGEN; RECOMBINATION; EDGE; BAND; TEMPERATURE; INSULATORS AB This study addresses a long-standing controversy about the electron-transport mechanism in porous metal oxide semiconductor films that are commonly used in dye-sensitized solar cells and related systems. We investigated, by temperature-dependent time-of-flight measurements, the influence of proton intercalation on the electron-transport properties of nanoporous TiO2 films exposed to an ethanol electrolyte containing different percentages of water (0-10%). These measurements revealed that increasing the water content in the electrolyte led to increased proton intercalation into the TiO2 films, slower transport, and a dramatic change in the dependence of the thermal activation energy (E-a) of the electron diffusion coefficient on the photogenerated electron density in the films. Random walk simulations based on a microscopic model incorporating exponential conduction band tail (CBT) trap states combined with a proton-induced shallow trap level with a long residence time accounted for the observed effects of proton intercalation on E-a. Application of this model to the experimental results explains the conditions under which E-a dependence on the photoelectron density is consistent with multiple trapping in exponential CBT states and under which it appears at variance with this model. C1 [Halverson, Adam F.; Zhu, Kai; Erslev, Peter T.; Kim, Jin Young; Neale, Nathan R.; Frank, Arthur J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhu, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Kai.Zhu@nrel.gov; Arthur.Frank@nrel.gov RI Kim, Jin Young/B-7077-2012 OI Kim, Jin Young/0000-0001-7728-3182 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Division of Photovoltaics, Office of Utility Technologies, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (A.F.H., P.T.E, N.R.N., A.J.F.) and the Division of Photovoltaics, Office of Utility Technologies, (K.Z., J.Y.K), U.S. Department of Energy, under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 51 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2112 EP 2116 DI 10.1021/nl300399w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 922CO UT WOS:000302524600062 PM 22428871 ER PT J AU Egedal, J Daughton, W Le, A AF Egedal, J. Daughton, W. Le, A. TI Large-scale electron acceleration by parallel electric fields during magnetic reconnection SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGETIC ELECTRONS; SOLAR-FLARES; MAGNETOTAIL; REGION AB Reconnection is the process by which stress in the field of a magnetized plasma is reduced by a topological rearrangement of its magnetic-field lines. The process is often accompanied by an explosive release of magnetic energy and is implicated in a range of astrophysical phenomena(1). In the Earth's magnetotail, reconnection energizes electrons up to hundreds of keV (ref. 2) and solar-flare events can channel up to 50% of the magnetic energy into the electrons, resulting in superthermal populations in the MeV range(3-5). Electron energization is also fundamentally important to astrophysical applications(6) yielding a window into the extreme environments. Here we show that during reconnection powerful energization of electrons by magnetic-field-aligned electric field (E-parallel to) can occur over spatial scales that hugely exceed previous theories and simulations(7). In our kinetic simulation E-parallel to is supported by non-thermal and strongly anisotropic features in the electron distributions not permitted in standard fluid formulations, but routinely observed by spacecraft in the Earth's magnetosphere. This allows for electron energization in spatial regions that exceed the regular d(e)-scale electron-diffusion region by at least three orders of magnitude. C1 [Egedal, J.; Le, A.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Egedal, J (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jegedal@psfc.mit.edu RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013 FU NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) at MIT [NNX10AL11G]; National Science Foundation (NSF) at MIT [0844620]; NASA; US Department of Energy through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) FX We gratefully acknowledge support from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) through grant NNX10AL11G, and National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER grant 0844620, both at MIT. Contributions from W.D. were supported by NASA's Heliophysics Theory Program and by the US Department of Energy through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)/Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Initial simulations were carried out using LANL institutional computing resources and the Pleiades computer at NASA, while the final simulation was carried out on Kraken with an allocation of advanced computing resources provided by the National Science Foundation at the National Institute for Computational Sciences (http://www.nics.tennessee.edu/). We also thank L J. Chen and B. Lefebvre for access to electron data from the Cluster mission. NR 26 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 321 EP 324 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2249 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 922OP UT WOS:000302557600020 ER PT J AU Moody, JD Michel, P Divol, L Berger, RL Bond, E Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Dewald, EL Dixit, S Edwards, MJ Glenn, S Hamza, A Haynam, C Hinkel, DE Izumi, N Jones, O Kilkenny, JD Kirkwood, RK Kline, JL Kruer, WL Kyrala, GA Landen, OL LePape, S Lindl, JD MacGowan, BJ Meezan, NB Nikroo, A Rosen, MD Schneider, MB Strozzi, DJ Suter, LJ Thomas, CA Town, RPJ Widmann, K Williams, EA Atherton, LJ Glenzer, SH Moses, EI AF Moody, J. D. Michel, P. Divol, L. Berger, R. L. Bond, E. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Dewald, E. L. Dixit, S. Edwards, M. J. Glenn, S. Hamza, A. Haynam, C. Hinkel, D. E. Izumi, N. Jones, O. Kilkenny, J. D. Kirkwood, R. K. Kline, J. L. Kruer, W. L. Kyrala, G. A. Landen, O. L. LePape, S. Lindl, J. D. MacGowan, B. J. Meezan, N. B. Nikroo, A. Rosen, M. D. Schneider, M. B. Strozzi, D. J. Suter, L. J. Thomas, C. A. Town, R. P. J. Widmann, K. Williams, E. A. Atherton, L. J. Glenzer, S. H. Moses, E. I. TI Multistep redirection by cross-beam power transfer of ultrahigh-power lasers in a plasma SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; ENERGY-TRANSFER AB Laser redirection by cross-beam power transfer in a plasma is an important example of a nonlinear optics process which uses laser-plasma instabilities to one's advantage. We have demonstrated this in a hohlraum plasma at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A four-wave mixing process causes laser power in multiple beams to change direction and add to the laser power of a selected beam. The process is controlled by setting the wavelength separation of the interacting laser beams. This technique provides a method to remotely re-point or combine high-powered laser beams without the need of local optical apparatus. C1 [Moody, J. D.; Michel, P.; Divol, L.; Berger, R. L.; Bond, E.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Dewald, E. L.; Dixit, S.; Edwards, M. J.; Glenn, S.; Hamza, A.; Haynam, C.; Hinkel, D. E.; Izumi, N.; Jones, O.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Kirkwood, R. K.; Kruer, W. L.; Landen, O. L.; LePape, S.; Lindl, J. D.; MacGowan, B. J.; Meezan, N. B.; Rosen, M. D.; Schneider, M. B.; Strozzi, D. J.; Suter, L. J.; Thomas, C. A.; Town, R. P. J.; Widmann, K.; Williams, E. A.; Atherton, L. J.; Glenzer, S. H.; Moses, E. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Moody, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM moody4@llnl.gov RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 30 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 26 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 344 EP 349 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2239 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 922OP UT WOS:000302557600024 ER PT J AU Leigh, A Sevanto, S Ball, MC Close, JD Ellsworth, DS Knight, CA Nicotra, AB Vogel, S AF Leigh, A. Sevanto, S. Ball, M. C. Close, J. D. Ellsworth, D. S. Knight, C. A. Nicotra, A. B. Vogel, S. TI Do thick leaves avoid thermal damage in critically low wind speeds? SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE desert plants; heat stress; leaf temperature; leaf thickness; thermal damage; time constant; wind speed ID LARREA-TRIDENTATA; DESERT SHRUB; CARBON GAIN; LEAF TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; BROAD LEAVES; HEAT-STRESS; LIFE-SPAN; PLANTS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Transient lulls in air movement are rarely measured, but can cause leaf temperature to rise rapidly to critical levels. The high heat capacity of thick leaves can damp this rapid change in temperature. However, little is known about the extent to which increased leaf thickness can reduce thermal damage, or how thick leaves would need to be to have biological significance. We evaluated quantitatively the contribution of small increases in leaf thickness to the reduction in thermal damage during critically low wind speeds under desert conditions. e employed a numerical model to investigate the effect of thickness relative to transpiration, absorptance and leaf size on damage avoidance. We used measured traits and thermotolerance thresholds of real leaves to calculate the leaf temperature response to naturally occurring variable low wind speed. Our results demonstrated that an increase in thickness of only fractions of a millimetre can prevent excursions to damaging high temperatures. This damping effect of increased thickness was greatest when other means of reducing leaf temperature (transpiration, reflectance or reduced size) were lacking. For perennial desert flora, we propose that increased leaf thickness is important in decreasing the incidence of extreme heat stress and, in some species, in enhancing long-term survival. C1 [Leigh, A.] Univ Technol, Sch Environm, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia. [Sevanto, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ball, M. C.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Plant Sci Div, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Close, J. D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Ellsworth, D. S.] Univ Western Sydney, Ctr Plants & Environm, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Knight, C. A.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Vogel, S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Leigh, A (reprint author), Univ Technol, Sch Environm, POB 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia. EM andrea.leigh@uts.edu.au RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Ball, Marilyn/D-1180-2009; Nicotra, Adrienne/C-1361-2009; Leigh, Andy/F-2043-2017; OI Leigh, Andy/0000-0003-3568-2606; Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272 FU ARC-NZ Network for Vegetation Function; Office of Science (BER), Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64393] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the ARC-NZ Network for Vegetation Function in supporting this work. S. Sevanto was supported by the Office of Science (BER), Department of Energy, grant no. DE-FG02-07ER64393. We are grateful to Graham Farquhar for thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the model and to three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We thank the Sweeney Granite Mountains Desert Research Centre for access to their facilities. NR 60 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 194 IS 2 BP 477 EP 487 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04058.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 923KN UT WOS:000302618300018 PM 22296328 ER PT J AU Smet, PF Poelman, D Hehlen, MP AF Smet, Philippe F. Poelman, Dirk Hehlen, Markus P. TI Focus issue introduction: persistent phosphors SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB Persistent phosphors can emit light long after the excitation has ended. The field of persistent luminescence has strongly matured during the past decade, with considerable progress having been made in synthesis and characterization methods, the understanding of trapping and de-trapping mechanisms, and the application of these materials. This focus issue "Persistent Phosphors," within the April 2012 issue of Optical Materials Express, features papers presented at the first International Workshop on Persistent Phosphors (Phosphoros 2011) held in Gent, Belgium. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Smet, Philippe F.; Poelman, Dirk] Univ Ghent, Dept Solid State Sci, LumiLab, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Smet, Philippe F.; Poelman, Dirk] Univ Ghent, Ctr Nano & Biophoton NB Photon, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Hehlen, Markus P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smet, PF (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Solid State Sci, LumiLab, Krijgslaan 281-S1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM philippe.smet@ugent.be RI Smet, Philippe/B-3402-2009; Poelman, Dirk/A-1517-2009 OI Smet, Philippe/0000-0003-4789-5799; Poelman, Dirk/0000-0002-3930-172X NR 13 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 19 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 452 EP 454 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 928CH UT WOS:000302957100011 ER PT J AU Breault, RW AF Breault, Ronald W. TI SELECTED PAPERS FROM THE 2010 NETL MULTIPHASE FLOW WORKSHOP Preface SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. OI Breault, Ronald/0000-0002-5552-4050 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.10.035 PG 1 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900001 ER PT J AU Benyahia, S Sundaresan, S AF Benyahia, Sofiane Sundaresan, Sankaran TI Do we need sub-grid scale corrections for both continuum and discrete gas-particle flow models? SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Multi-phase particle-in-cell; Continuum-based models; Discrete particle models; Gas-solid flows; Sub-grid scale corrections ID SIMULATION AB Continuum and discrete multi-phase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) simulation results of gas-particle flow in a 2D periodic domain are presented. Grid refinement revealed heterogeneous flow structures that increase the domain-averaged gas-particle slip velocity to about 2.5-3 times to that for homogeneous flow. Similar need for grid refinement was demonstrated for both continuum and discrete approaches. Both approaches yielded nearly identical results. If coarse grids are used in simulations, both approaches should therefore employ corrections to account for the effects of sub-grid scale structures. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Benyahia, Sofiane] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Sundaresan, Sankaran] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Benyahia, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM sofiane.benyahia@netl.doe.gov NR 9 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 2 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.10.052 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900002 ER PT J AU Li, TW Guenther, C AF Li, Tingwen Guenther, Chris TI MFIX-DEM simulations of change of volumetric flow in fluidized beds due to chemical reactions SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical reaction; Volume change; Fluidized bed reactors; CFD; DEM ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; RANDOM PACKING; CATALYST BEDS; REACTOR MODEL; GAS VOLUME; DEFLUIDIZATION; SPHERES; DECOMPOSITION; DYNAMICS; DECREASE AB This study attempts to investigate the effect of gas volume change caused by chemical reactions on the flow hydrodynamics in a fluidized bed reactor. Various 2D simulations of ozone decomposition and the reverse reaction are conducted with a Eulerian-Lagrangian code-MFIX-DEM for a small-scale bubbling fluidized bed. The effect of particle size is studied by simulating two types of bed material with different sizes. Both transient and time-averaged flow behaviors are analyzed. The influences of gas volume change due to chemical reactions are studied with respect to bed expansion, superficial gas velocity, bubble characteristics including bubble size and frequency. The fluidized bed is then divided into bubble, shell and emulsion phases to further analyze the behavior of emulsion phase and gas flow distribution in different phases. A profound impact on the flow hydrodynamics by the gas volume change is found. For the small systems studied, the volume change in gas flow demonstrates the most significant influence on the gas flow in the shell phase for coarse particles and the bubble phase for fine particles. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Tingwen; Guenther, Chris] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Li, Tingwen] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Li, TW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM tingwen.li@ur.netl.doe.gov RI Li, Tingwen/D-2173-2012 OI Li, Tingwen/0000-0002-1900-308X NR 37 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-5910 EI 1873-328X J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.025 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900010 ER PT J AU Breault, RW AF Breault, Ronald W. TI An analysis of clustering flows in a CFB riser SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Granular temperature; Clusters; Gibbs free energy; Core-annular flow ID CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED-BED; HYDRODYNAMICS; SIMULATION; WALL AB It has long been observed that drag correlations need to be modified such that the pressure drop in riser flow simulations more accurately predicts experimental findings. Simple early fixes were to increase the particle size until the correct pressure profile was obtained. Researchers have also added other closure algorithms such as energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) and more recently a cluster structure dependant (CSD) drag coefficient. This paper analyzes granular theory and proposes a reason based upon thermodynamics why the above mentioned "fixes" are required and why the EMMS and CSD fixes are more fundamentally sound than an arbitrary increase in the particle size. Granular theory is the analogous theory for discrete particles as the kinetic theory of gases is for gas molecules. In other words, the theory treats particles as though they were monatomic gas particles surrounded by vacuum. Eulerian-Eulerian simulation codes treat both gas and solids as two continuous fully miscible phases. In a circulating fluidized bed (CFB), granular behavior in the solids phase (stresses, pressure, and viscosity as well as transport and thermodynamic properties) depends on the granular temperature. Tests were conducted in a cold flow model of a circulating fluidized bed facility to gather particle velocity data which is used in calculating granular temperature. Cork particles approximately 800 mu m in diameter. The particle velocity measurements under various operating conditions were obtained with an LDV system. This work extends granular theory to include a thermodynamic analysis of clustering flow in a CFB riser with the result being the development of an expression for the Gibbs free energy. Data from LDV measurements in the riser of a CFB indicated the existence of a minimum for the Gibbs free energy. The change in the Gibbs free energy was related to cluster size through the aerodynamic drag force. The result was that clusters on the order of 0.015 m in diameter and about 0.24 m in length (1/2 in. by 9 in.) were the most likely which was consistent with visual observation in the clear riser. These clusters were then related to the statistical definition of a cluster presented in earlier work by Breault et al. and indicated that the observable clusters consist of statistically similar microclusters. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Ctr, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM Ronald.Breault@NETLDOE.GOV OI Breault, Ronald/0000-0002-5552-4050 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.024 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900011 ER PT J AU Pepiot, P Desjardins, O AF Pepiot, Perrine Desjardins, Olivier TI Numerical analysis of the dynamics of two- and three-dimensional fluidized bed reactors using an Euler-Lagrange approach SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fluidized bed; Euler-Lagrange; Three-dimensional simulation; Large-scale simulation; Bubble dynamics; Residence time ID DISCRETE PARTICLE SIMULATION; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION; TURBULENT ATOMIZATION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; CFD SIMULATIONS; MOMENT METHOD; GAS; FLOWS; MODEL; DISPERSE AB Biomass thermochemical conversion, often done in fluidized beds, recently gained a lot of attention due to its potential to efficiently produce renewable liquid fuels. Optimization of reactor design and operating conditions, however, requires a fundamental understanding of bed dynamics. In this work, a numerical framework based on an Euler-Lagrange approach is developed and used to perform and analyze large-scale simulations of two- and three-dimensional periodic fluidized beds. Collisions are handled using a soft-sphere model. An efficient parallel implementation allows one to explicitly track over 30 million particles, which is representative of the number of particles found in lab-scale reactor. therefore demonstrating the capability of Lagrangian approaches to simulate realistic systems at that scale. An on-the-fly bubble identification and tracking algorithm is used to characterize bubble dynamics for inlet velocities up to 9 times the minimum fluidization velocity. Statistics for gas volume fraction, gas and particle velocities, bed expansion, and bubble size and velocity, is compared across the two- and three-dimensional configurations, and comparison with literature data generally shows good agreement. The wide distribution of gas residence times observed in the simulations is linked to the different gas hold-up characteristics of the gas-solid system. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Desjardins, Olivier] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Pepiot, Perrine] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Desjardins, O (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM olivier.desjardins@cornell.edu NR 68 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 104 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.021 PG 18 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900014 ER PT J AU Garg, R Galvin, J Li, TW Pannala, S AF Garg, Rahul Galvin, Janine Li, Tingwen Pannala, Sreekanth TI Open-source MFIX-DEM software for gas-solids flows: Part I-Verification studies SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Discrete Element Method (DEM); Computational gas-solids flow; Lagrangian-Eulerian (LE); Eulerian-Eulerian (EE); Computational fluid dynamics; Multiphase flows ID FLUIDIZED-BEDS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; VOLUME TRACKING; DISPERSION; ADVECTION; SCHEMES; MOTION AB With rapid advancements in computer hardware, it is now possible to perform large simulations of granular flows using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). As a result, solids are increasingly treated in a discrete Lagrangian fashion in the gas-solids flow community. In this paper, the open-source MFIX-DEM software is described that can be used for simulating the gas-solids flow using an Eulerian reference frame for the continuum fluid and a Lagrangian discrete framework (Discrete Element Method) for the particles. This method is referred to as the continuum discrete method (CDM) to clearly make a distinction between the ambiguity of using a Lagrangian or Eulerian reference for either continuum or discrete formulations. This freely available CDM code for gas-solids flows can accelerate the research in computational gas-solids flows and establish a baseline that can lead to better closures for the continuum modeling (or traditionally referred to as two fluid model) of gas-solids flows. In this paper, a series of verification cases is employed which tests the different aspects of the code in a systematic fashion by exploring specific physics in gas-solids flows before exercising the fully coupled solution on simple canonical problems. It is critical to have an extensively verified code as the physics is complex with highly-nonlinear coupling, and it is difficult to ascertain the accuracy of the results without rigorous verification. These series of verification tests set the stage not only for rigorous validation studies (performed in part II of this paper) but also serve as a procedure for testing any new developments that couple continuum and discrete formulations for gas-solids flows. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pannala, Sreekanth] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Garg, Rahul; Li, Tingwen] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Garg, Rahul; Li, Tingwen] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Galvin, Janine] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Pannala, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rahul.garg@gmail.com; Janine.Galvin@netl.doe.gov; litingwen@gmail.com; pannalas@ornl.gov RI Li, Tingwen/D-2173-2012; Pannala, Sreekanth/F-9507-2010; Garg, Rahul/I-4174-2013 OI Li, Tingwen/0000-0002-1900-308X; NR 37 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 122 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.019 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900015 ER PT J AU Li, TW Garg, R Galvin, J Pannala, S AF Li, Tingwen Garg, Rahul Galvin, Janine Pannala, Sreekanth TI Open-source MFIX-DEM software for gas-solids flows: Part II - Validation studies SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Discrete element method (DEM); Computational gas-solids flow; Lagrangian-Eulerian (LE); Eulerian-Eulerian (EE); Computational fluid dynamics; Multiphase flows ID GRANULAR COUETTE FLOWS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE MEASUREMENTS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; SPHERICAL-PARTICLES; INELASTIC SPHERES; SLIP VELOCITIES; BINARY-MIXTURES; WALL STRESSES; BEDS; SIMULATION AB With rapid advancements in computer hardware and numerical algorithms, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been increasingly employed as a useful tool for investigating the complex hydrodynamics inherent in multiphase flows. An important step during the development of a CFD model and prior to its application is conducting careful and comprehensive verification and validation studies. Accordingly, efforts to verify and validate the open-source MFIX-DEM software, which can be used for simulating the gas-solids flow using an Eulerian reference frame for the continuum fluid and a Lagrangian discrete framework (Discrete Element Method) for the particles, have been made at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). In part I of this paper, extensive verification studies were presented and in this part, detailed validation studies of MFIX-DEM are presented. A series of test cases covering a range of gas-solids flow applications were conducted. In particular the numerical results for the random packing of a binary particle mixture, the repose angle of a sandpile formed during a side charge process, velocity, granular temperature, and voidage profiles from a bounded granular shear flow, lateral voidage and velocity profiles from a monodisperse bubbling fluidized bed, lateral velocity profiles from a spouted bed, and the dynamics of segregation of a binary mixture in a bubbling bed were compared with available experimental data, and in some instances with empirical correlations. In addition, sensitivity studies were conducted for various parameters to quantify the error in the numerical simulation. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pannala, Sreekanth] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Li, Tingwen; Garg, Rahul] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Li, Tingwen; Garg, Rahul] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Galvin, Janine] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Pannala, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM litingwen@gmail.com; rahul.garg@gmail.com; janine.carney@netl.doe.gov; pannalas@ornl.gov RI Li, Tingwen/D-2173-2012; Pannala, Sreekanth/F-9507-2010; Garg, Rahul/I-4174-2013 OI Li, Tingwen/0000-0002-1900-308X; NR 59 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-5910 EI 1873-328X J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 138 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.020 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900016 ER PT J AU Breault, RW Casleton, EM Guenther, CP AF Breault, Ronald W. Casleton, Emily M. Guenther, Christopher P. TI Chaotic and statistical tests on fiber optic dynamic data taken from the riser section of a circulating fluidized bed SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chaos; Wavelet; CFB; Riser; Flow regimes ID PRESSURE-FLUCTUATIONS; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; WAVELET ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS; BEHAVIOR; FLOWS AB Dynamical tests have been applied to fiber optic data taken from a cold-flow circulating fluidized bed to characterize flow conditions, identify three characteristic scales (macro, meso, and micro), and understand the contribution these scales have on the raw data. The characteristic variable analyzed is the raw voltage signal obtained from a fiber-optic probe taken at various axial and radial positions under different loading conditions. These experiments were carried out with the bed material of cork particles with a medium particle size of 812 mu m. The characterization was accomplished through analysis of the distribution of the signal through the third and fourth moments of skewness and excess kurtosis. A generalization of the autocorrelation function known as the average mutual information function was analyzed by examining the function's first minimum, identifying the point at which successive elements are no longer correlated. Further characterization was accomplished through the correlation dimension, a measure of the complexity of the chaotic attractor in deterministic chaos theory. Lastly, the amount of disorder of the system is described by a Kolmogorov-type entropy estimate. All six aforementioned tests were also implemented on ten levels of detail coefficients resulting from a discrete wavelet transformation of the same signal as used above. Through this analysis it is possible to identify and describe micro (particle level), meso (clustering or turbulence level), and macro (physical or dimensional level) length scales even though some literature considers these scales inseparable as is discussed. This investigation also used detail wavelet coefficients in conjunction with ANOVA to show which scales have the most impact on the raw signal resulting from local hydrodynamic conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Breault, Ronald W.; Guenther, Christopher P.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Casleton, Emily M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. OI Breault, Ronald/0000-0002-5552-4050 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.002 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900017 ER PT J AU Gopalan, B Shaffer, F AF Gopalan, Balaji Shaffer, Franklin TI A new method for decomposition of high speed particle image velocimetry data SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Particle image velocimetry; Circulating fluidized bed; Particle velocity; Granular temperature; Granular flow; Particle tracking ID GAS-FLUIDIZED BEDS; GRANULAR TEMPERATURE; STRESSES AB A high speed particle image velocimetry (high speed PIV) system developed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is being applied to measure individual particle motion in flow fields of high particle concentration. Particle flow fields were measured in two risers of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) systems, one riser of 0.203 m (8 in.) diameter with 80 mu m mean diameter FCC particles flowing at velocities up to 30 m/s and one riser of 0.305 m (12 in.) diameter with 800 mu m mean diameter HDPE particles at velocities up to 15 m/s. Particle concentrations ranged from zero to maximum packing in particle clusters. In these risers the high speed PIV system achieves sustained data rates of 0.1 to 1.0 million velocity vectors per second. This produces time series data for particle velocity that measures the full temporal range of velocity fluctuations. For comparison with CFD models that decompose particle velocity into a mean and a random fluctuating component of particle velocity in a manner similar to Reynolds Decomposition of single phase flows, the particle velocity data must be decomposed into a non-stationary mean component and a random component. The standard Reynolds decomposition method, which utilizes ensemble averaging, is inadequate for this application because particle velocity is under-sampled when particle concentration is low. We present a local window averaging method that decomposes the particle velocity time series even when particle velocity is being under-sampled due to periods of low particle concentration. This method decomposes particle velocity accurately and without loss of high frequency components of the velocity signal. Implementation of this method has led to the first measurements of the random component of particle velocity (and parameters derived from it, such as granular temperature) in a CFB riser that detects the entire temporal range of the particle velocity time series. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gopalan, Balaji; Shaffer, Franklin] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Res & Dev, Computat Sci Div, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Gopalan, B (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Res & Dev, Computat Sci Div, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM gopalanb@netl.doe.gov RI Gopalan, Balaji/I-4169-2013 NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 220 SI SI BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 919OY UT WOS:000302338900018 ER PT J AU Lauwaet, D van Lipzig, NPM Van Weverberg, K De Ridder, K Goyens, C AF Lauwaet, D. van Lipzig, N. P. M. Van Weverberg, K. De Ridder, K. Goyens, C. TI The precipitation response to the desiccation of Lake Chad SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ARPS; Lake Chad; land-atmosphere interaction; mesoscale convective system; rainfall; Sahel ID NONHYDROSTATIC ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; LAND-SURFACE; INLAND WATER; PART I; RAINFALL; MODEL; SAHEL; SOIL; SENSITIVITY AB Located in the semi-arid African Sahel, Lake Chad has shrunk from a surface area of 25000 km2 in 1960 to about 1350 km2 due to a series of droughts and anthropogenic influences. The disappearance of such a large open-water body can be expected to have a noticeable effect on the meteorology in the surroundings of the lake. The impact could extend even further to the west as westward propagating convective systems pass Lake Chad in the rainfall season. This study examines the sensitivity of the regional hydrology and convective processes to the desiccation of the lake using a regional atmospheric model. Three Lake Chad scenarios are applied reflecting the situation in 1960, the current situation and a potential future scenario in which the lake and the surrounding wetlands have disappeared. The model simulations span the months JulySeptember in 2006, which includes the rainfall season in the Lake Chad area. Total precipitation amounts and the components of the hydrological cycle are found to be hardly affected by the existence of the lake. A filled Lake Chad does, however, increase the precipitation at the east side of the lake. The model results indicate that the boundary layer moisture and temperature are significantly altered downwind of the lake. By investigating a mesoscale convective system (MCS) case, this is found to affect the development and progress of the system. At first, the MCS is intensified by the more unstable boundary layer air but the persistence of the system is altered as the cold pool propagation becomes less effective. The proposed mechanism is able to explain the differences in the rainfall patterns nearby Lake Chad between the scenarios. This highlights the local sensitivity to the desiccation of Lake Chad whereas the large-scale atmospheric processes are not affected. Copyright (c) 2011 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Lauwaet, D.; van Lipzig, N. P. M.; Van Weverberg, K.; Goyens, C.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Lauwaet, D.; De Ridder, K.] Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Van Weverberg, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Goyens, C.] CNRS, UMR 8187, F-62930 Wimereux, France. [Goyens, C.] Univ Lille Nord France, ULCO, LOG, F-62930 Wimereux, France. RP Lauwaet, D (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Celestijnenlaan 200E, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. EM dirk.lauwaet@ees.kuleuven.be NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 138 IS 664 BP 707 EP 719 DI 10.1002/qj.942 PN A PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 924TP UT WOS:000302714500012 ER PT J AU Fernandez, AM Turner, JA AF Fernandez, A. M. Turner, J. A. TI Cu-Ga-Se thin films prepared by a combination of electrodeposition and evaporation techniques SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Renewable Energy and Sustainability (ISRES) CY AUG 09-10, 2010 CL UNAM, Ctr Energy Res, Mexico City, MEXICO HO UNAM, Ctr Energy Res DE Semiconductors; Electrochemical techniques; Chalcogenides ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; CUGA5SE8; CUGA3SE5; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB Cu-Ga-Se thin films were prepared using a combination of electrodeposition and evaporation techniques. A Cu-Se/Mo/glass precursor thin film was first prepared by galvanostaic electrodeposition. On top of this film three different thicknesses of Ga were deposited by evaporation. The Cu-Ga-Se thin films were formed by annealing the Ga/Cu-Se/Mo/glass thin film configuration in a tubular chamber with Se powder, at different temperatures. Thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), photocurrent spectroscopy (PS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The detailed analysis from X-ray reveals that after annealing at 550 degrees C the CuGaSe2 phase is formed when the thickness of Ga is 0.25 mu m, however at 0.5 mu m and 1.0 mu m Ga the formation of CuGa3Se5 and CuGa5Se8 phases is observed respectively. Band gap values were obtained using photocurrent spectroscopy. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandez, A. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Energia, Temixco 62580, Mor, Mexico. [Turner, J. A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Fernandez, AM (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Energia, Av Xochicalco S-N, Temixco 62580, Mor, Mexico. EM afm@cie.unam.mx NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 SI SI BP 1045 EP 1052 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2011.08.024 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 921RG UT WOS:000302494300009 ER PT J AU Anitescu, M AF Anitescu, Mihai TI Comments on: Algorithms for linear programming with linear complementarity constraints SO TOP LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Anitescu, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM anitescu@mcs.anl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1134-5764 J9 TOP JI Top PD APR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 1 SI SI BP 26 EP 27 DI 10.1007/s11750-011-0229-1 PG 2 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 920OC UT WOS:000302414100003 ER PT J AU Sorensen, NN Schreck, S AF Sorensen, Niels N. Schreck, Scott TI Computation of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Phase-VI rotor in pitch motion during standstill SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE dynamic stall; CFD computations; parked conditions ID DYNAMIC STALL AB Previously, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations of dynamic stall on wind turbine blades have been performed for stand still conditions with moderate success by among others the present authors. In the present work, numerical investigations are performed to illustrate the possibilities of state of the art CFD methods for this problem, including the numerical requirements as time-step and grid resolution. Additionally, the effect of different types of modeling is investigated, ranging from fully turbulent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS), transitional RANS, to transitional delayed detached-eddy simulation computations. The investigation indicates that detailed information and fair agreement with measurements can be obtained. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sorensen, Niels N.] Riso DTU, Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Wind Energy Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Schreck, Scott] NRELs Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Appl Res Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sorensen, NN (reprint author), Riso DTU, Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Wind Energy Dept, Frederiksborgvej 399,Bldg 114, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. EM nsqr@risoe.dtu.dk RI Sorensen, Niels Normark/C-5516-2011 FU Danish Council for Strategic Research (DSF) [2104-09-0026]; Center for Computational Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Atmospheric Turbulence FX The work was partially funded by the Danish Council for Strategic Research (DSF), under contract 2104-09-0026, Center for Computational Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Atmospheric Turbulence. Computations were made possible by the use of the PC-cluster provided by Danish Center for Scientific Computing (DCSC) and the Riso-DTU central computing facility. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1095-4244 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 3 BP 425 EP 442 DI 10.1002/we.480 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 923KP UT WOS:000302618500006 ER PT J AU Weiss, MS Einspahr, H Baker, T Dauter, Z AF Weiss, Manfred S. Einspahr, Howard Baker, Ted Dauter, Zbigniew TI Another case of fraud in structural biology SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material ID VALIDATION; DEFENSE; SCIENCE C1 [Weiss, Manfred S.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie Macromol C, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Baker, Ted] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Dauter, Zbigniew] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Weiss, MS (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie Macromol C, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RI Weiss, Manfred/B-6857-2013 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 68 BP 365 EP 365 DI 10.1107/S1744309112011852 PN 4 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 921DJ UT WOS:000302457900001 PM 22505399 ER PT J AU Ye, Y Brown, DA Smyth, JR Panero, WR Jacobsen, SD Chang, YY Townsend, JP Thomas, SM Hauri, EH Dera, P Frost, DJ AF Ye, Yu Brown, David A. Smyth, Joseph R. Panero, Wendy R. Jacobsen, Steven D. Chang, Yun-Yuan Townsend, Joshua P. Thomas, Sylvia-Monique Hauri, Erik H. Dera, Przemyslaw Frost, Daniel J. TI Compressibility and thermal expansion of hydrous ringwoodite with 2.5(3) wt% H2O SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Compressibility; hydrous ringwoodite; irreversible thermal expansion ID PRESSURE CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; SOUND VELOCITIES; EARTHS INTERIOR; TRANSITION ZONE; GAMMA-PHASE; WADSLEYITE; WATER; MG2SIO4 AB Ringwoodite (gamma-Mg2SiO4) is the stable polymorph of olivine in the transition zone between 525-660 km depth, and can incorporate weight percent amounts of H2O as hydroxyl, with charge compensated mainly by Mg vacancies (Mg2+ = 2H(+)), but also possibly as (Si4+ = 4H(+) and Mg2+ + 2H(+) = Si4+). We synthesized pure Mg ringwoodite containing 2.5(3) wt% H2O, measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and determined its compressibility at 300 K by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as its thermal expansion behavior between 140 and 740 K at room pressure. A third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (BM3 EOS) fits values of the isothermal bulk modulus K-T0 = 159(7) GPa and (dK(T)/dP)(p=0) = K' = 6.7(7) for single-crystal XRD; K-T0 = 161(4) GPa and K' = 5.4(6) for powder XRD, with K-T0 = 160(2) GPa and K' = 6.2(3) for the combined data sets. At room pressure, hydrous ringwoodite breaks down by an irreversible unit-cell expansion above 586 K, which may be related to dehydration and changes in the disorder mechanisms. Single-crystal intensity data were collected at various temperatures up to 736 K, and show that the cell volume V(cell) has a mean thermal expansion coefficient am of 40(4) x 10(-6)/K (143-736 K), and 29(2) x 10(-6)/K (143-586 K before irreversible expansion). V(Mg) have alpha(0) values of 41(3) x 10(-6)/K (143-736 K), and V(Si) has alpha(0) values of 20(3) x 10(-6)/K (143-586 K) and 132(4) x 10(-6)K (586-736 K). Based on the experimental data and previous work from Si-29 NMR, we propose that during the irreversible expansion, a small amount of H+ cations in Mg sites transfer to Si sites without changing the cubic spinel structure of ringwoodite, and the substituted Si4+ cations move to the normally vacant octahedral site at (1/2, 1/2, 0). Including new SIMS data on this and several Mg-ringwoodite samples from previous studies, we summarize volume-hydration data and show that the Mg2+ = dominates up to about 2 wt% H2O, where a discontinuity in the volume vs. H2O content trend suggests that other hydration mechanisms become important at very high H2O contents. C1 [Ye, Yu] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brown, David A.; Smyth, Joseph R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Panero, Wendy R.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jacobsen, Steven D.; Chang, Yun-Yuan; Townsend, Joshua P.; Thomas, Sylvia-Monique] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hauri, Erik H.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Dera, Przemyslaw] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Frost, Daniel J.] Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Ye, Y (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM yey@colorado.edu RI Jacobsen, Steven/F-3443-2013; Dera, Przemyslaw/F-6483-2013; Frost, Daniel/B-7526-2016; Panero, Wendy/C-9602-2009; OI Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-9746-958X; Frost, Daniel/0000-0002-4443-8149; Townsend, Joshua/0000-0002-1137-3924 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR 07-11165, 11-13369, 09-55647, 07-48707]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center; National Science Foundation, Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy, Geosciences [DE-EG02-94ER14466]; DOE-NNSA; DOE-DES; NSF; W.M. Keck Foundation; DOE-BES [DE-ACO2-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant EAR 07-11165 and 11-13369 to J.R.S., 09-55647 to W.R.P., 07-48707 to S.D.J., and by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to S.D.J. Y.Y.C. acknowledges support front the Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center. The high-pressure single-crystal XRD portion of this work was performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation, Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy, Geosciences (DE-EG02-94ER14466). The powder XRD portion of this work was performed at TIPCAT (Sector 16), APS. HPCAT is supported by DOE-NNSA, DOE-DES, NSF, and the W.M. Keck Foundation. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by DOE-BES, under contract no. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 43 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD APR PY 2012 VL 97 IS 4 BP 573 EP 582 DI 10.2138/am.2012.4010 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 917UP UT WOS:000302204400010 ER PT J AU Lin, JF Alp, EE Mao, Z Inoue, T McCammon, C Xia, YM Chow, P Zhao, JY AF Lin, Jung-Fu Alp, Ercan E. Mao, Zhu Inoue, Toru McCammon, Catherine Xia, Yuming Chow, Paul Zhao, Jiyong TI Electronic spin states of ferric and ferrous iron in the lower-mantle silicate perovskite SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Silicate perovskite; diamond-anvil cell; spin transition; lower mantle; synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy; high pressures ID EARTHS LOWER MANTLE; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; SYNCHROTRON MOSSBAUER; TRANSITIONS; CROSSOVER; GPA AB The electronic spin and valence states of iron in lower-mantle silicate perovskite have been previously investigated at high pressures using various experimental and theoretical techniques. However, experimental results and their interpretation remain highly debated. Here we have studied a well-characterized silicate perovskite starting sample [(Mg-0.9,Fe-0.1)SiO3] in a chemically inert Ne pressure medium at pressures up to 120 GPa using synchrotron Mossbauer spectra. Analyses of the Mossbauer spectra explicitly show a high-spin to low-spin transition of the octahedral-site Fe3+ occurring at similar to 13-24 GPa, as evidenced from a significant increase in the hyperfine quadrupole splitting. Two quadrupole doublets of the A-site Fe2+, with extremely high-QS values of 4.1 and 3.1 mm/s, occur simultaneously with the spin transition of the octahedral-site Fe3+ and continue to develop to 120 GPa. It is conceivable that the spin-pairing transition of the octahedral-site Fe3+ causes a volume reduction and a change in the local atomic-site configurations that result in a significant increase of the quadrupole splitting in the dodecahedral-site Fe2+ at 13-24 GPa. Our results here provide a coherent explanation for recent experimental and theoretical results on the spin and valence states of iron in perovskite, and assist in comprehending the effects of the spin and valence states of iron on the properties of the lower-mantle minerals. C1 [Lin, Jung-Fu; Mao, Zhu] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Alp, Ercan E.; Zhao, Jiyong] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Inoue, Toru] Ehime Univ, Geodynam Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. [McCammon, Catherine] Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [Xia, Yuming; Chow, Paul] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM afu@jsg.utexas.edu RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; McCammon, Catherine/B-4983-2010; Mao, Zhu/A-9015-2015 OI McCammon, Catherine/0000-0001-5680-9106; FU DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE-NNSA; NSF; W.M. Keck Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0838221, EAR-1056670]; Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs); Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center (CDAC) FX High-pressure experiments were performed at XOR3, HPCAT, and GSECARS of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). 11 PC AT is supported by DOE-BES, DOE-NNSA, NSF, and the W.M. Keck Foundation. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. J.F.L. and Z.M. acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation (EAR-0838221 and EAR-1056670), Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs), and the Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center (CDAC). We also thank H. Hsu and S. Speziale for helpful discussions and A. Wheat for editing the manuscript. NR 39 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 29 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD APR PY 2012 VL 97 IS 4 BP 592 EP 597 DI 10.2138/am.2012.4000 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 917UP UT WOS:000302204400012 ER PT J AU DeAngelis, MT Rondinone, AJ Pawel, MD Labotka, TC Anovitz, LM AF DeAngelis, Michael T. Rondinone, Adam J. Pawel, Michelle D. Labotka, Theodore C. Anovitz, Lawrence M. TI Sol-gel synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (Fe2SiO4) SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Fayalite; nanofayalite; olivine; crystal synthesis; sol-gel; Fe2SiO4 ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FORSTERITE; OLIVINE; GROWTH; IRON; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; DIFFRACTION; ABSORPTION AB Fayalite (Fe2SiO4), and other Fe-rich olivine, is often found in the reducing environments of the Moon, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, but the oxidation state of the terrestrial mantle restricts the amount of Fe found in olivine on Earth. For this reason, synthetic fayalite is needed for use in planetary-analog and other studies. Here we present a method for the synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (nanofayalite) using a sol-gel technique. Iron(11) chloride, sodium ethoxide, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were reacted to produce a precursor gel, which was subsequently calcined under reducing conditions to crystallize nanofayalite. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that the produced nanofayalite is nearly pure, with minor amounts (0.5-3%) of metallic Fe in some batches. Scanning electron microscope images of nanofayalite crystals show euhedral to subhedral crystals that range in size between 100 and 150 nm. Estimates of specific surface area were determined by both the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Langmuir adsorption methods and indicate average surface areas of 27.7 and 45.3 m(2)/g, respectively. Regulation of the redox environment was the critical challenge for this synthesis, but careful control of oxygen fugacity during reactant addition and mixing, sol-gel drying, and calcination ensured fayalite crystallization. C1 [DeAngelis, Michael T.; Labotka, Theodore C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rondinone, Adam J.; Pawel, Michelle D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Anovitz, Lawrence M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP DeAngelis, MT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mdeangel@utk.edu RI Pawel, Michelle/Q-2729-2015; Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016 OI Pawel, Michelle/0000-0003-0244-6703; Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750 FU Geochemistry and Interfacial Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Division of Chemical Sciences. Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript is a portion of M.T. DeAngelis's dissertation work at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Many thanks to Andrew Payzant and Chengdu Liana in the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for help with PXRD and BET analyses, and to David Cole and David Wesolowski in the Geochemistry and Interfacial Sciences group for financial support. We sincerely thank Donehan Kim and an anonymous reviewer for their help in improving this manuscript. This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Additional funding for this work was provided by the Division of Chemical Sciences. Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 44 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD APR PY 2012 VL 97 IS 4 BP 653 EP 656 DI 10.2138/am.2012.3899 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 917UP UT WOS:000302204400017 ER PT J AU Liang, YT Van Nostrand, JD N'Guessan, LA Peacock, AD Deng, Y Long, PE Resch, CT Wu, LY He, ZL Li, GH Hazen, TC Lovley, DR Zhou, JZ AF Liang, Yuting Van Nostrand, Joy D. N'Guessan, Lucie A. Peacock, Aaron D. Deng, Ye Long, Philip E. Resch, C. Tom Wu, Liyou He, Zhili Li, Guanghe Hazen, Terry C. Lovley, Derek R. Zhou, Jizhong TI Microbial Functional Gene Diversity with a Shift of Subsurface Redox Conditions during In Situ Uranium Reduction SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GEOCHIP-BASED ANALYSIS; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; FIELD-SCALE; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SULFATE REDUCTION; BIOREMEDIATION; GROUNDWATER; MICROARRAY; NITRATE AB To better understand the microbial functional diversity changes with subsurface redox conditions during in situ uranium bioremediation, key functional genes were studied with GeoChip, a comprehensive functional gene microarray, in field experiments at a uranium mill tailings remedial action (UMTRA) site (Rifle, CO). The results indicated that functional microbial communities altered with a shift in the dominant metabolic process, as documented by hierarchical cluster and ordination analyses of all detected functional genes. The abundance of dsrAB genes (dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes) and methane generation-related mcr genes (methyl coenzyme M reductase coding genes) increased when redox conditions shifted from Fe-reducing to sulfate-reducing conditions. The cytochrome genes detected were primarily from Geobacter sp. and decreased with lower subsurface redox conditions. Statistical analysis of environmental parameters and functional genes indicated that acetate, U(VI), and redox potential (Eh) were the most significant geochemical variables linked to microbial functional gene structures, and changes in microbial functional diversity were strongly related to the dominant terminal electron-accepting process following acetate addition. The study indicates that the microbial functional genes clearly reflect the in situ redox conditions and the dominant microbial processes, which in turn influence uranium bioreduction. Microbial functional genes thus could be very useful for tracking microbial community structure and dynamics during bioremediation. C1 [Liang, Yuting; Li, Guanghe; Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Liang, Yuting] Changzhou Univ, Changzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liang, Yuting; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Deng, Ye; Wu, Liyou; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Liang, Yuting; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Deng, Ye; Wu, Liyou; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Peacock, Aaron D.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Biomarker Anal, Knoxville, TN USA. [N'Guessan, Lucie A.; Long, Philip E.; Resch, C. Tom] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [N'Guessan, Lucie A.; Lovley, Derek R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Deng, Ye/A-2571-2013; He, Zhili/C-2879-2012; Long, Philip/F-5728-2013; Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012; OI Long, Philip/0000-0003-4152-5682; Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy, ENIGMA [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control at Tsinghua University [11Z03ESPCT]; National Natural Scientific Foundation of China [40730738, 41101233]; Natural Scientific Foundation of Jiangsu province [BK2011233]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of ENIGMA, the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology under the Oklahoma Applied Research Support Program, the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (grant 11Z03ESPCT) at Tsinghua University, National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (no. 40730738 and 41101233), and the Natural Scientific Foundation of Jiangsu province (no. BK2011233). The field experiment and biogeochemical sample analyses were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under the Environmental Remediation Sciences Program. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 49 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2966 EP 2972 DI 10.1128/AEM.06528-11 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 917BP UT WOS:000302147300054 PM 22327592 ER PT J AU Deng, Y He, ZL Xu, MY Qin, YJ Van Nostrand, JD Wu, LY Roe, BA Wiley, G Hobbie, SE Reich, PB Zhou, JZ AF Deng, Ye He, Zhili Xu, Meiying Qin, Yujia Van Nostrand, Joy D. Wu, Liyou Roe, Bruce A. Wiley, Graham Hobbie, Sarah E. Reich, Peter B. Zhou, Jizhong TI Elevated Carbon Dioxide Alters the Structure of Soil Microbial Communities SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PYROSEQUENCING REVEALS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CO2; RESPONSES; NITROGEN; DEPOSITION; DYNAMICS AB Pyrosequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes was used to examine impacts of elevated CO2(eCO(2)) on soil microbial communities from 12 replicates each from ambient CO2(aCO(2)) and eCO(2) settings. The results suggest that the soil microbial community composition and structure significantly altered under conditions of eCO(2), which was closely associated with soil and plant properties. C1 [Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Xu, Meiying; Qin, Yujia; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Wu, Liyou; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Xu, Meiying; Qin, Yujia; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Wu, Liyou; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Xu, Meiying] Guangdong Inst Microbiol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Microbial Culture Collect, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Roe, Bruce A.; Wiley, Graham] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Roe, Bruce A.; Wiley, Graham] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hobbie, Sarah E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Deng, Ye/A-2571-2013; He, Zhili/C-2879-2012; Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016; OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture through the NSF USDA [2007 35319 18305]; Department of Energy through Genomics: GTL Foundational Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Science Foundation [DEB-0716587, DEB-0620652, DEB-0322057, DEB-0080382, DEB-0218039, DEB-0219104, DEB-0217631]; LTER; LTREB; DOE; Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (project 2007 35319 18305) through the NSF USDA Microbial Observatories Program, by the Department of Energy under contract DE-SC0004601 through Genomics: GTL Foundational Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Science Foundation under grants DEB-0716587 and DEB-0620652 as well as grants DEB-0322057, DEB-0080382 (the Cedar Creek Long Term Ecological Research project), DEB-0218039, DEB-0219104, DEB-0217631, and DEB-0716587 (Bio-Complexity), LTER and LTREB projects, the DOE Program for Ecosystem Research, and the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. NR 28 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 55 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2991 EP 2995 DI 10.1128/AEM.06924-11 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 917BP UT WOS:000302147300058 PM 22307288 ER PT J AU Bourguet, FA Souza, BE Hinz, AK Coleman, MA Jackson, PJ AF Bourguet, Feliza A. Souza, Brian E. Hinz, Angela K. Coleman, Matthew A. Jackson, Paul J. TI Characterization of a Novel Lytic Protein Encoded by the Bacillus cereus E33L Gene ampD as a Bacillus anthracis Antimicrobial Protein SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOPHAGE ENDOLYSINS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SEQUENCE AB Lytic proteins encoded by bacterial genomes have been implicated in cell wall biosynthesis and recycling. The Bacillus cereus E33L ampD gene encodes a putative N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase. This gene, expressed in vitro, produced a very stable, highly active lytic protein. Very low concentrations rapidly and efficiently lyse vegetative Bacillus anthracis cells. C1 [Bourguet, Feliza A.; Souza, Brian E.; Hinz, Angela K.; Coleman, Matthew A.; Jackson, Paul J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA USA. RP Jackson, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA USA. EM coleman16@llnl.gov; jackson80@llnl.gov OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018 FU U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-48]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (LDRD) FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract W-7405-ENG-48. Funding for this project was provided by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (LDRD). NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 8 BP 3025 EP 3027 DI 10.1128/AEM.06906-11 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 917BP UT WOS:000302147300065 PM 22344637 ER PT J AU Cooperman, A Dieckmann, J Brodrick, J AF Cooperman, Alissa Dieckmann, John Brodrick, James TI Efficiency With Short Payback Periods Residential GSHPs SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Cooperman, A (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 BP 72 EP + PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 920GP UT WOS:000302392600015 ER PT J AU Beeman, JW Bellini, F Cardani, L Casali, N Dafinei, I Di Domizio, S Ferroni, F Orio, F Pessina, G Pirro, S Tomei, C Vignati, M AF Beeman, J. W. Bellini, F. Cardani, L. Casali, N. Dafinei, I. Di Domizio, S. Ferroni, F. Orio, F. Pessina, G. Pirro, S. Tomei, C. Vignati, M. TI Discrimination of alpha and beta/gamma interactions in a TeO2 bolometer SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Neutrino mass; Double beta decay; Bolometers; Cerenkov detector ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; DETECTORS; RADIOACTIVITY; CUORICINO; SEARCHES AB TeO2 crystals have proven to be superb bolometers for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay in many respects. However, if used alone, they do not exhibit any feature that allows to discriminate an alpha energy deposit from a beta/gamma one. This fact limits their ability to reject the background due to natural radioactivity and eventually affects the sensitivity of the search. In this paper we show the results of a TeO2 crystal where, in coincidence with its bolometric heat signal, also the luminescence light escaping the crystal is recorded. The results show that we are able to measure the light produced by beta/gamma particles, which can be explained as due to Cerenkov emission. No light is detected from a particles, allowing the rejection of this background source. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bellini, F.; Cardani, L.; Casali, N.; Ferroni, F.; Vignati, M.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Beeman, J. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bellini, F.; Cardani, L.; Casali, N.; Dafinei, I.; Ferroni, F.; Orio, F.; Tomei, C.; Vignati, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Di Domizio, S.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Di Domizio, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Pessina, G.; Pirro, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy. RP Vignati, M (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. EM marco.vignati@roma1.infn.it RI Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Di Domizio, Sergio/L-6378-2014; Vignati, Marco/H-1684-2013; Casali, Nicola/C-9475-2017 OI Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Di Domizio, Sergio/0000-0003-2863-5895; Vignati, Marco/0000-0002-8945-1128; Casali, Nicola/0000-0003-3669-8247 FU European Research Council under the European Unions [247115] FX The project LUCIFER has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ ERC Grant Agreement No. 247115. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 35 IS 9 BP 558 EP 562 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.12.004 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 916MZ UT WOS:000302109200003 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Aglietta, M Ahlers, M Ahn, EJ Albuquerque, IFM Allard, D Allekotte, I Allen, J Allison, P Almela, A Castillo, JA Alvarez-Muniz, J Ambrosio, M Aminaei, A Anchordoqui, L Andringa, S Antici'c, T Aramo, C Arganda, E Arqueros, F Asorey, H Assis, P Aublin, J Ave, M Avenier, M Avila, G Backer, T Badescu, AM Balzer, M Barber, KB Barbosa, AF Bardenet, R Barroso, SLC Baughman, B Bauml, J Beatty, JJ Becker, BR Becker, KH Belletoile, A Bellido, JA BenZvi, S Berat, C Bertou, X Biermann, PL Billoir, P Blanco, F Blanco, M Bleve, C Blumer, H Bohacova, M Boncioli, D Bonifazi, C Bonino, R Borodai, N Brack, J Brancus, I Brogueira, P Brown, WC Bruijn, R Buchholz, P Bueno, A Burton, RE Caballero-Mora, KS Caccianiga, B Caramete, L Caruso, R Castellina, A Catalano, O Cataldi, G Cazon, L Cester, R Chauvin, J Cheng, SH Chiavassa, A Chinellato, JA Diaz, JC Chudoba, J Clay, RW Coluccia, MR Conceicao, R Contreras, F Cook, H Cooper, MJ Coppens, J Cordiera, A Coutu, S Covault, CE Creusota, A Criss, A Cronin, J Curutiu, A Dagoret-Campagne, S Dallier, R Daniel, B Dasso, S Daumiller, K Dawson, BR de Almeida, RM De Domenico, M De Donato, C de Jong, SJ de la Vega, G de Mello, WJM de Mello Neto, JRT De Mitri, I de Souza, V de Vries, KD del Peral, L del Rio, M Deligny, O Dembinski, H Dhital, N Di Giulio, C Castro, MLD Diep, PN Diogo, F Dobrigkeit, C Docters, W D'Olivo, JC Dong, PN Dorofeev, A dos Anjos, JC Dova, MT D'Urso, D Dutan, I Ebr, J Engel, R Erdmann, M Escobar, CO Espadanal, J Etchegoyen, A Luis, PFS Tapia, IF Falcke, H Farrar, G Fauth, AC Fazzini, N Ferguson, AP Fick, B Filevich, A Filipcic, A Fliescher, S Fracchiolla, CE Fraenkel, ED Fratu, O Frohlich, U Fuchs, B Gaior, R Gamarra, RF Gambetta, S Garcia, B Roca, STG Garcia-Gamez, D Garcia-Pinto, D Gascon, A Gemmeke, H Ghia, PL Giaccari, U Giller, M Glass, H Gold, MS Golup, G Albarracin, FG Berisso, MG Vitale, PFG Goncalves, P Gonzalez, D Gonzalez, JG Gookin, B Gorgi, A Gouffon, P Grashorn, E Grebe, S Griffith, N Grigat, M Grillo, AF Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Guzman, A Hansen, P Harari, D Harrison, TA Harton, JL Haungs, A Hebbeker, T Heck, D Herve, AE Hojvat, C Hollon, N Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horneffer, A Horvath, P Hrabovsky, M Huber, D Huege, T Insolia, A Ionita, F Italiano, A Jarne, C Jiraskova, S Josebachuili, M Kadija, K Kampert, KH Karhan, P Kasper, P Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapp, J Koang, DH Kotera, K Krohm, N Kromer, O Kruppke-Hansen, D Kuehn, F Kuempel, D Kulbartz, JK Kunka, N La Rosa, G Lachaud, C LaHurd, D Latronico, L Lauer, R Lautridou, P Le Coz, S Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P de Oliveira, MAL Letessier-Selvon, A Lhenry-Yvon, I Link, K Lopez, R Aguera, AL Louedec, K Bahilo, JL Lu, L Lucero, A Ludwig, M Lyberis, H Maccarone, MC Macolino, C Maldera, S Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Marin, J Marin, V Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Marsella, G Martello, D Martin, L Martinez, H Bravo, OM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maurel, D Maurizio, D Mazur, PO Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Mertsch, P Meurer, C Mi'canovi'c, S Micheletti, MI Minaya, IA Miramonti, L Molina-Bueno, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, E Moreno, JC Mostafa, M Moura, CA Muller, MA Muller, G Munchmeyer, M Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Nelles, A Neuser, J Nhung, PT Niechciol, M Niemietz, L Nierstenhoefer, N Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Ortiz, M Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Pallotta, J Palmieri, N Parente, G Parizot, E Parra, A Pastor, S Paul, T Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrinca, P Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Pfendner, C Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pieroni, P Pimenta, M Pirronello, V Platino, M Ponce, VH Pontz, M Porcelli, A Privitera, P Prouza, M Quel, EJ Querchfeld, S Rautenberg, J Ravel, O Ravignani, D Revenu, B Ridky, J Riggi, S Risse, M Ristori, P Rivera, H Rizi, V Roberts, J de Carvalho, WR Rodriguez, G Martino, JR Rojo, JR Rodriguez-Cabo, I Rodriguez-Frias, MD Ros, G Rosado, J Rossler, T Roth, M Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B Roulet, E Rovero, AC Ruhle, C Saftoiu, A Salamida, F Salazar, H Greus, FS Salina, G Sanchez, F Santo, CE Santos, E Santos, EM Sarazin, F Sarkar, B Sarkar, S Sato, R Scharf, N Scherini, V Schieler, H Schiffer, P Schmidt, A Scholten, O Schoorlemmer, H Schovancova, J Schovanek, P Schroder, F Schulte, S Schuster, D Sciutto, SJ Scuderi, M Segreto, A Settimo, M Shadkam, A Shellard, RC Sidelnik, I Sigl, G Lopez, HHS Sima, O 'Smialkowski, A Smida, R Snow, GR Sommers, P Sorokin, J Spinka, H Squartini, R Srivastava, YN Stanic, S Stapleton, J Stasielak, J Stephan, M Stutz, A Suarez, F Suomijarvi, T Supanitsky, AD Susa, T Sutherland, MS Swain, J Szadkowski, Z Szuba, M Tapia, A Tartare, M Tascau, O Ruiz, CGT Tcaciuc, R Thao, NT Thomas, D Tiffenberg, J Timmermans, C Tkaczyk, W Peixoto, CJT Toma, G Tomankova, L Tome, B Tonachini, A Travnicek, P Tridapalli, DB Tristram, G Trovato, E Tueros, M Ulrich, R Unger, M Urban, M Galicia, JFV Valino, I Valore, L van den Berg, AM Varela, E VargasCardenas, B Vazquez, JR Veberic, D Verzi, V Vicha, J Videla, M Villasenor, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Walz, D Watson, AA Weber, M Weidenhaupt, K Weindl, A Werner, F Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Widom, A Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Will, M Williams, C Winchen, T Wommer, M Wundheiler, B Yamamoto, T Yapici, T Younk, P Yuan, G Yushkov, A Zamorano, B Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Zhu, Y Silva, MZ Ziolkowski, M AF Abreu, P. Aglietta, M. Ahlers, M. Ahn, E. J. Albuquerque, I. F. M. Allard, D. Allekotte, I. Allen, J. Allison, P. Almela, A. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muniz, J. Ambrosio, M. Aminaei, A. Anchordoqui, L. Andringa, S. Antici'c, T. Aramo, C. Arganda, E. Arqueros, F. Asorey, H. Assis, P. Aublin, J. Ave, M. Avenier, M. Avila, G. Baecker, T. Badescu, A. M. Balzer, M. Barber, K. B. Barbosa, A. F. Bardenet, R. Barroso, S. L. C. Baughman, B. Baeuml, J. Beatty, J. J. Becker, B. R. Becker, K. H. Belletoile, A. Bellido, J. A. BenZvi, S. Berat, C. Bertou, X. Biermann, P. L. Billoir, P. Blanco, F. Blanco, M. Bleve, C. Bluemer, H. Bohacova, M. Boncioli, D. Bonifazi, C. Bonino, R. Borodai, N. Brack, J. Brancus, I. Brogueira, P. Brown, W. C. Bruijn, R. Buchholz, P. Bueno, A. Burton, R. E. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Caccianiga, B. Caramete, L. Caruso, R. Castellina, A. Catalano, O. Cataldi, G. Cazon, L. Cester, R. Chauvin, J. Cheng, S. H. Chiavassa, A. Chinellato, J. A. Chirinos Diaz, J. Chudoba, J. Clay, R. W. Coluccia, M. R. Conceicao, R. Contreras, F. Cook, H. Cooper, M. J. Coppens, J. Cordiera, A. Coutu, S. Covault, C. E. Creusota, A. Criss, A. Cronin, J. Curutiu, A. Dagoret-Campagne, S. Dallier, R. Daniel, B. Dasso, S. Daumiller, K. Dawson, B. R. de Almeida, R. M. De Domenico, M. De Donato, C. de Jong, S. J. de la Vega, G. de Mello Junior, W. J. M. de Mello Neto, J. R. T. De Mitri, I. de Souza, V. de Vries, K. D. del Peral, L. del Rio, M. Deligny, O. Dembinski, H. Dhital, N. Di Giulio, C. Diaz Castro, M. L. Diep, P. N. Diogo, F. Dobrigkeit, C. Docters, W. D'Olivo, J. C. Dong, P. N. Dorofeev, A. dos Anjos, J. C. Dova, M. T. D'Urso, D. Dutan, I. Ebr, J. Engel, R. Erdmann, M. Escobar, C. O. Espadanal, J. Etchegoyen, A. Luis, P. Facal San Tapia, I. Fajardo Falcke, H. Farrar, G. Fauth, A. C. Fazzini, N. Ferguson, A. P. Fick, B. Filevich, A. Filipcic, A. Fliescher, S. Fracchiolla, C. E. Fraenkel, E. D. Fratu, O. Froehlich, U. Fuchs, B. Gaior, R. Gamarra, R. F. Gambetta, S. Garcia, B. Garcia Roca, S. T. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Pinto, D. Gascon, A. Gemmeke, H. Ghia, P. L. Giaccari, U. Giller, M. Glass, H. Gold, M. S. Golup, G. Gomez Albarracin, F. Gomez Berisso, M. Gomez Vitale, P. F. Goncalves, P. Gonzalez, D. Gonzalez, J. G. Gookin, B. Gorgi, A. Gouffon, P. Grashorn, E. Grebe, S. Griffith, N. Grigat, M. Grillo, A. F. Guardincerri, Y. Guarino, F. Guedes, G. P. Guzman, A. Hansen, P. Harari, D. Harrison, T. A. Harton, J. L. Haungs, A. Hebbeker, T. Heck, D. Herve, A. E. Hojvat, C. Hollon, N. Holmes, V. C. Homola, P. Hoerandel, J. R. Horneffer, A. Horvath, P. Hrabovsky, M. Huber, D. Huege, T. Insolia, A. Ionita, F. Italiano, A. Jarne, C. Jiraskova, S. Josebachuili, M. Kadija, K. Kampert, K. H. Karhan, P. Kasper, P. Kegl, B. Keilhauer, B. Keivani, A. Kelley, J. L. Kemp, E. Kieckhafer, R. M. Klages, H. O. Kleifges, M. Kleinfeller, J. Knapp, J. Koang, D. -H. Kotera, K. Krohm, N. Kroemer, O. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Kuehn, F. Kuempel, D. Kulbartz, J. K. Kunka, N. La Rosa, G. Lachaud, C. LaHurd, D. Latronico, L. Lauer, R. Lautridou, P. Le Coz, S. Leao, M. S. A. B. Lebrun, D. Lebrun, P. Leigui de Oliveira, M. A. Letessier-Selvon, A. Lhenry-Yvon, I. Link, K. Lopez, R. Lopez Agueera, A. Louedec, K. Lozano Bahilo, J. Lu, L. Lucero, A. Ludwig, M. Lyberis, H. Maccarone, M. C. Macolino, C. Maldera, S. Mandat, D. Mantsch, P. Mariazzi, A. G. Marin, J. Marin, V. Maris, I. C. Marquez Falcon, H. R. Marsella, G. Martello, D. Martin, L. Martinez, H. Martinez Bravo, O. Mathes, H. J. Matthews, J. Matthews, J. A. J. Matthiae, G. Maurel, D. Maurizio, D. Mazur, P. O. Medina-Tanco, G. Melissas, M. Melo, D. Menichetti, E. Menshikov, A. Mertsch, P. Meurer, C. Mi'canovi'c, S. Micheletti, M. I. Minaya, I. A. Miramonti, L. Molina-Bueno, L. Mollerach, S. Monasor, M. Ragaigne, D. Monnier Montanet, F. Morales, B. Morello, C. Moreno, E. Moreno, J. C. Mostafa, M. Moura, C. A. Muller, M. A. Mueller, G. Muenchmeyer, M. Mussa, R. Navarra, G. Navarro, J. L. Navas, S. Necesal, P. Nellen, L. Nelles, A. Neuser, J. Nhung, P. T. Niechciol, M. Niemietz, L. Nierstenhoefer, N. Nitz, D. Nosek, D. Nozka, L. Oehlschlaeger, J. Olinto, A. Ortiz, M. Pacheco, N. Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk Palatka, M. Pallotta, J. Palmieri, N. Parente, G. Parizot, E. Parra, A. Pastor, S. Paul, T. Pech, M. Pekala, J. Pelayo, R. Pepe, I. M. Perrone, L. Pesce, R. Petermann, E. Petrera, S. Petrinca, P. Petrolini, A. Petrov, Y. Pfendner, C. Piegaia, R. Pierog, T. Pieroni, P. Pimenta, M. Pirronello, V. Platino, M. Ponce, V. H. Pontz, M. Porcelli, A. Privitera, P. Prouza, M. Quel, E. J. Querchfeld, S. Rautenberg, J. Ravel, O. Ravignani, D. Revenu, B. Ridky, J. Riggi, S. Risse, M. Ristori, P. Rivera, H. Rizi, V. Roberts, J. Rodrigues de Carvalho, W. Rodriguez, G. Martino, J. Rodriguez Rojo, J. Rodriguez Rodriguez-Cabo, I. Rodriguez-Frias, M. D. Ros, G. Rosado, J. Rossler, T. Roth, M. Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B. Roulet, E. Rovero, A. C. Ruehle, C. Saftoiu, A. Salamida, F. Salazar, H. Greus, F. Salesa Salina, G. Sanchez, F. Santo, C. E. Santos, E. Santos, E. M. Sarazin, F. Sarkar, B. Sarkar, S. Sato, R. Scharf, N. Scherini, V. Schieler, H. Schiffer, P. Schmidt, A. Scholten, O. Schoorlemmer, H. Schovancova, J. Schovanek, P. Schroeder, F. Schulte, S. Schuster, D. Sciutto, S. J. Scuderi, M. Segreto, A. Settimo, M. Shadkam, A. Shellard, R. C. Sidelnik, I. Sigl, G. Silva Lopez, H. H. Sima, O. 'Smialkowski, A. Smida, R. Snow, G. R. Sommers, P. Sorokin, J. Spinka, H. Squartini, R. Srivastava, Y. N. Stanic, S. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, J. Stephan, M. Stutz, A. Suarez, F. Suomijaervi, T. Supanitsky, A. D. Susa, T. Sutherland, M. S. Swain, J. Szadkowski, Z. Szuba, M. Tapia, A. Tartare, M. Tascau, O. Tavera Ruiz, C. G. Tcaciuc, R. Thao, N. T. Thomas, D. Tiffenberg, J. Timmermans, C. Tkaczyk, W. Peixoto, C. J. Todero Toma, G. Tomankova, L. Tome, B. Tonachini, A. Travnicek, P. Tridapalli, D. B. Tristram, G. Trovato, E. Tueros, M. Ulrich, R. Unger, M. Urban, M. Valdes Galicia, J. F. Valino, I. Valore, L. van den Berg, A. M. Varela, E. VargasCardenas, B. Vazquez, J. R. Veberic, D. Verzi, V. Vicha, J. Videla, M. Villasenor, L. Wahlberg, H. Wahrlich, P. Wainberg, O. Walz, D. Watson, A. A. Weber, M. Weidenhaupt, K. Weindl, A. Werner, F. Westerhoff, S. Whelan, B. J. Widom, A. Wieczorek, G. Wiencke, L. Wilczynska, B. Wilczynski, H. Will, M. Williams, C. Winchen, T. Wommer, M. Wundheiler, B. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, T. Younk, P. Yuan, G. Yushkov, A. Zamorano, B. Zas, E. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zaw, I. Zepeda, A. Zhu, Y. Silva, M. Zimbres Ziolkowski, M. CA Pierre Auger Collaboration TI Description of atmospheric conditions at the Pierre Auger Observatory using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmic rays; Extensive air showers; Atmospheric monitoring; Atmospheric models ID EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; OPTICAL DEPTH; DEPENDENCE; TEMPERATURE; EMISSION; DETECTOR AB Atmospheric conditions at the site of a cosmic ray observatory must be known for reconstructing observed extensive air showers. The Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) is a global atmospheric model predicated on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions. GDAS provides altitude-dependent profiles of the main state variables of the atmosphere like temperature, pressure, and humidity. The original data and their application to the air shower reconstruction of the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. By comparisons with radiosonde and weather station measurements obtained on-site in Malargue and averaged monthly models, the utility of the GDAS data is shown. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Baeuml, J.; Bluemer, H.; Daumiller, K.; Engel, R.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Haungs, A.; Heck, D.; Huege, T.; Keilhauer, B.; Klages, H. O.; Kleinfeller, J.; Mathes, H. J.; Maurel, D.; Oehlschlaeger, J.; Pierog, T.; Porcelli, A.; Roth, M.; Schieler, H.; Schroeder, F.; Smida, R.; Szuba, M.; Ulrich, R.; Unger, M.; Weindl, A.; Werner, F.; Will, M.; Wommer, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Allekotte, I.; Asorey, H.; Bertou, X.; Golup, G.; Gomez Berisso, M.; Harari, D.; Mollerach, S.; Ponce, V. H.; Roulet, E.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Allekotte, I.; Asorey, H.; Bertou, X.; Golup, G.; Gomez Berisso, M.; Harari, D.; Mollerach, S.; Ponce, V. H.; Roulet, E.] Inst Balseiro CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Pallotta, J.; Quel, E. J.; Ristori, P.] CITED, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicac, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Guardincerri, Y.; Pallotta, J.; Piegaia, R.; Pieroni, P.; Quel, E. J.; Ristori, P.; Tiffenberg, J.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Guardincerri, Y.; Piegaia, R.; Pieroni, P.; Tiffenberg, J.] Univ Buenos Aires, FCEyN, Dept Fis, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Arganda, E.; Dova, M. T.; Gomez Albarracin, F.; Hansen, P.; Jarne, C.; Mariazzi, A. G.; Moreno, J. C.; Sciutto, S. J.; Wahlberg, H.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Arganda, E.; Dova, M. T.; Gomez Albarracin, F.; Hansen, P.; Jarne, C.; Mariazzi, A. G.; Moreno, J. C.; Sciutto, S. J.; Wahlberg, H.] Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Rovero, A. C.; Supanitsky, A. 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Catalano, Osvaldo/0000-0002-9554-4128; Ravignani, Diego/0000-0001-7410-8522; Segreto, Alberto/0000-0001-7341-6603; Navarro Quirante, Jose Luis/0000-0002-9915-1735; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /0000-0002-2550-4462; De Mitri, Ivan/0000-0002-8665-1730; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/0000-0002-4683-230X; Nosek, Dalibor/0000-0001-6219-200X; Will, Martin/0000-0002-7504-2083; Gomez Berisso, Mariano/0000-0001-5530-0180; Arqueros, Fernando/0000-0002-4930-9282; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; de Almeida, Rogerio/0000-0003-3104-2724; De Domenico, Manlio/0000-0001-5158-8594; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Blanco, Francisco/0000-0003-4332-434X; Conceicao, Ruben/0000-0003-4945-5340; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Carvalho Jr., Washington/0000-0002-2328-7628; Espadanal, Joao/0000-0002-1301-8061; De Donato, Cinzia/0000-0002-9725-1281; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/0000-0001-9217-5219; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; Ros, German/0000-0001-6623-1483; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; scuderi, mario/0000-0001-9026-5317; zas, enrique/0000-0002-4430-8117; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Di Giulio, Claudio/0000-0002-0597-4547; Bueno, Antonio/0000-0002-7439-4247; Parente, Gonzalo/0000-0003-2847-0461; dos Santos, Eva/0000-0002-0474-8863; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/0000-0002-2367-0803; Rosado, Jaime/0000-0001-8208-9480; Valino, Ines/0000-0001-7823-0154; Sigl, Guenter/0000-0002-4396-645X; Dembinski, Hans/0000-0003-3337-3850; Del Peral, Luis/0000-0003-2580-5668; Coutu, Stephane/0000-0003-2923-2246; Kothandan, Divay/0000-0001-9048-7518; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071; Ulrich, Ralf/0000-0002-2535-402X; Garcia, Beatriz/0000-0003-0919-2734; Zamorano, Bruno/0000-0002-4286-2835; Bonino, Raffaella/0000-0002-4264-1215; Cazon, Lorenzo/0000-0001-6748-8395; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Horvath, Pavel/0000-0002-6710-5339; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/0000-0003-3669-8212; Garcia Pinto, Diego/0000-0003-1348-6735; Brogueira, Pedro/0000-0001-6069-4073; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/0000-0002-3240-6270; Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Ebr, Jan/0000-0001-8807-6162; Goncalves, Patricia /0000-0003-2042-3759; Assis, Pedro/0000-0001-7765-3606; Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /0000-0002-1236-0789; Fauth, Anderson/0000-0001-7239-0288; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136; D'Urso, Domenico/0000-0002-8215-4542; FU Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica; Fundacion Antorchas; Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargue; NDM Holdings; Valle Las Lenas; Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR [AV0Z10100502, AV0Z10100522]; GAAV [KJB300100801, KJB100100904]; MSMT-CR, Czech Republic [LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MSM0021620859]; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Regional Ile-de-France; Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung; Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); Gran Sasso Center for Astroparticle Physics (CFA), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland [1 P03 D 014 30, N N202 207238]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology; Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid; Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha; FEDER; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Consolider-Ingenio; Generalitat Valenciana; Junta de Andalucia; Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300]; National Science Foundation [0969400]; Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC/HELEN; European Union [MEIF-CT-2005-025057, PIEF-GA-2008-220240]; UNESCO FX We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Fundacion Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR, AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB300100801 and KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Gran Sasso Center for Astroparticle Physics (CFA), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. 1 P03 D 014 30 and N N202 207238, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Generalitat Valenciana, Junta de Andalucia, Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy, Contract Nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0969400, The Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC/HELEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-CT-2005-025057, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant No. PIEF-GA-2008-220240, and UNESCO. NR 29 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 35 IS 9 BP 591 EP 607 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.12.002 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 916MZ UT WOS:000302109200006 ER PT J AU Mellors, RJ Jackson, J Myers, S Gok, R Priestley, K Yetirmishli, G Turkelli, N Godoladze, T AF Mellors, R. J. Jackson, J. Myers, S. Gok, R. Priestley, K. Yetirmishli, G. Turkelli, N. Godoladze, T. TI Deep Earthquakes beneath the Northern Caucasus: Evidence of Active or Recent Subduction in Western Asia SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUTH CASPIAN BASIN; GREATER CAUCASUS; TRAVEL-TIMES; RELOCATION; TECTONICS; IRAN; REGION AB An intermediate-depth earthquake is confirmed at a depth of 158 +/- 4 km under the northern foothills of the Greater Caucasus. Separate methods were used to confirm the depth: data from local and regional networks, teleseismic depth phases, and examination of waveforms. Additional examination of global catalogs suggests the presence of a (perhaps remnant) northeast-dipping subduction zone under the Greater Caucasus. The most likely explanation appears to be subduction of oceanic crust with the interface at the northern edge of the Kura Basin. Events at depths of 30-50 km in the Kura Basin may be related to underthrusting by the South Caspian basin rather than subduction in the Greater Caucasus. C1 [Mellors, R. J.; Myers, S.; Gok, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Jackson, J.; Priestley, K.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Bullard Labs, Cambridge CB3 OEZ, England. [Yetirmishli, G.] Natl Acad Sci, Republ Seism Survey Ctr, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Turkelli, N.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Geophys, Kandilli Observ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Turkelli, N.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Geophys, Earthquake Res Inst, Istanbul, Turkey. [Godoladze, T.] Ilia State Univ, Earth Res Inst, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Mellors, RJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mellors1@llnl.gov RI Myers, Stephen/K-1368-2014; Mellors, Robert/K-7479-2014; Gok, Rengin/O-6639-2014; Yetirmishli, Gurban/C-4257-2017 OI Myers, Stephen/0000-0002-0315-5599; Mellors, Robert/0000-0002-2723-5163; Yetirmishli, Gurban/0000-0002-0542-2443 FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8718-07-C-0007]; CRDF [16081]; U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX N. Simmons provided useful comments. Work on this paper was partially supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory Contract Number FA8718-07-C-0007 and by CRDF grant 16081 grant to R. Mellors and G. Yetirmishli. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD APR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 2 BP 862 EP 866 DI 10.1785/0120110184 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 916BO UT WOS:000302071800033 ER PT J AU Ford, SR Walter, WR Dreger, DS AF Ford, Sean R. Walter, William R. Dreger, Douglas S. TI Event Discrimination using Regional Moment Tensors with Teleseismic-P Constraints SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE AMPLITUDE METHOD; BODY WAVES; SEISMOGRAMS; EARTHQUAKE AB Determining whether a seismic event is an earthquake, explosion, collapse, or something more complex can be done using regional (Delta < 13 degrees) intermediate-period (T > 10 s) full waveform moment tensors down to low magnitudes (M similar to 3.5). The moment tensor results can be improved for sparse station configurations when teleseismic (Delta > 30 degrees) array-based short-period (T < 1 s) P constraints are added. The inclusion of teleseismic-P aids in event discrimination because it samples the lower region of the focal-sphere, a region where intermediate-period waveforms recorded at the surface have low-sensitivity for shallow event depths. The teleseismic-P constraint is particularly useful in reducing the trade-off between a shallow explosion and a shallow volume-compensated linear-vector dipole with a vertical axis in compression. This trade-off can complicate discrimination. The teleseismic-P constraint is applied to the source-type analysis of the announced nuclear test of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea on 25 May 2009, resulting in greater confidence in a dominantly explosive solution. C1 [Ford, Sean R.; Walter, William R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dreger, Douglas S.] Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ford, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013; Ford, Sean/F-9191-2011 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616; Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792 FU Airforce Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA9453-10-C-0263]; U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The approach described here arose from conversations with Howard Patton at the thirty-first Monitoring Research Review in Tucson, Arizona, and was motivated by a comment from Thorne Lay. The array beamforming was done with KBALAP, and we thank Doug Dodge for its development. We thank Terri Hauk for help with array data management. Mike Pasyanos provided an internal review. We are also grateful for an insightful anonymous review and a review from Associate Editor Anton Dainty. D. S. Dreger acknowledges the Airforce Research Laboratory (AFRL) grant FA9453-10-C-0263. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD APR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 2 BP 867 EP 872 DI 10.1785/0120110227 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 916BO UT WOS:000302071800034 ER PT J AU Sereda, G Marshall, C Libera, JA Dreessen, J Grady, A Turner, M AF Sereda, Grigoriy Marshall, Christopher Libera, Joseph A. Dreessen, James Grady, Anne Turner, Mark TI Effect of Atomic Layer Deposition Support Thickness on Structural Properties and Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane on Alumina- and Titania-Supported Vanadia SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Heterogeneous catalysis; Catalysis; Alkanes; Mainly organic chemicals and reactions; TPR; UV ID OXIDE CATALYSTS; SURFACE; ETHANE AB Engineered solid supports for vanadium catalysts were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alumina and titania layers on silica. The thickness of these layers was found to have a significant effect on the structure of the solid supports, their interaction with vanadia, and their catalytic performance with regard to oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. The catalytic performance of supported vanadia catalysts is reported for both ALD-engineered and conventional solid supports (gamma-Al2O3 and TiO2). The analysis results indicated that the engineered supports behave as a separate phase rather than a cross between the base silica and the deposited alumina or titania. C1 [Sereda, Grigoriy; Dreessen, James; Grady, Anne; Turner, Mark] Univ S Dakota, Dept Chem, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Marshall, Christopher] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Libera, Joseph A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sereda, G (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Dept Chem, 414 E Clark St, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. EM gsereda@usd.edu; Marshall@anl.gov; jlibera@anl.gov; jddreess@gmail.com; Anne.Grady@usd.edu; Mark.Turner@usd.edu RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Biological Systems Science Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64624]; National Science Foundation [NSF-CHE-0722632, 0554609, 0903804]; State of South Dakota (NSF NPURC) [0532242]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-FG02-03-ER15457] FX This work has been supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Biological Systems Science Division of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-08ER64624; by the National Science Foundation (NSF-CHE-0722632, EPSCoR Grants No. 0554609 and 0903804), and by the State of South Dakota (NSF NPURC Grant 0532242). Christopher L. Marshall and Joe Libera acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science under Contract DE-FG02-03-ER15457. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 142 IS 4 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0780-x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 918IJ UT WOS:000302242300001 ER PT J AU Mahajan, S North, GR Saravanan, R Genton, MG AF Mahajan, Salil North, Gerald R. Saravanan, R. Genton, Marc G. TI Statistical significance of trends in monthly heavy precipitation over the US SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; EXTREME PRECIPITATION; LAND PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE EVENTS; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; RARE EVENTS; 20TH-CENTURY; VARIABILITY; PROBABILITY; PROJECTIONS AB Trends in monthly heavy precipitation, defined by a return period of one year, are assessed for statistical significance in observations and Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations over the contiguous United States using Monte Carlo non-parametric and parametric boot-strapping techniques. The results from the two Monte Carlo approaches are found to be similar to each other, and also to the traditional non-parametric Kendall's tau test, implying the robustness of the approach. Two different observational data-sets are employed to test for trends in monthly heavy precipitation and are found to exhibit consistent results. Both data-sets demonstrate upward trends, one of which is found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Upward trends similar to observations are observed in some climate model simulations of the twentieth century, but their statistical significance is marginal. For projections of the twenty-first century, a statistically significant upwards trend is observed in most of the climate models analyzed. The change in the simulated precipitation variance appears to be more important in the twenty-first century projections than changes in the mean precipitation. Stochastic fluctuations of the climate-system are found to be dominate monthly heavy precipitation as some GCM simulations show a downwards trend even in the twenty-first century projections when the greenhouse gas forcings are strong. C1 [Mahajan, Salil] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [North, Gerald R.; Saravanan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Genton, Marc G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Mahajan, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM mahajans@ornl.gov RI Saravanan, Ramalingam/G-8879-2012; OI Saravanan, Ramalingam/0000-0002-0005-6907; Mahajan, Salil/0000-0001-5767-8590 FU NOAA; NSF/CMG [ATM-0620624]; NSF [DMS-1007504]; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUSC1-016-04] FX S.M. and G.R.N. wish to gratefully acknowledge partial support from a NOAA grant whose P. I. is Professor S. S. P. Shen. In addition, S. M. wishes to thank Mr. H. J. Haynes whose endowment provided support. This research also received some support from an NSF/CMG grant ATM-0620624. M.G.G.'s research was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-1007504 and by Award No. KUSC1-016-04 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). We acknowledge the modeling groups for making their model output available as part of the WCRP's CMIP3 multi-model dataset, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Inter-comparison (PCMDI) for collecting and archiving this data, and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for organizing the model data analysis activity. The WCRP CMIP3 multi-model dataset is supported by the Office of Science, US Department of Energy. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD APR PY 2012 VL 38 IS 7-8 BP 1375 EP 1387 DI 10.1007/s00382-011-1091-4 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918JZ UT WOS:000302247000008 ER PT J AU Lee, ES Claybaugh, ES LaFrance, M AF Lee, E. S. Claybaugh, E. S. LaFrance, M. TI End user impacts of automated electrochromic windows in a pilot retrofit application SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Electrochromic windows; Daylighting; Control systems; Building energy efficiency; Intelligent buildings; Integrated systems AB Automated electrochromic (EC) windows, advanced thermally improved window frames, and a dimmable lighting system were installed in a single, west-facing conference room in Washington DC. The EC windows were commercially available, tungsten-oxide switchable devices, modulated automatically between either fully clear or fully tinted transparent states to control solar gains, daylight, and discomfort glare. Occupants were permitted to manually override the automated EC controls. The system was monitored over a 15-month period under normal occupied conditions. The last six months were used in the analysis. Manual override data were analyzed to assess the EC control system design and user satisfaction with EC operations. Energy and comfort were evaluated using both monitored data and simulations. Of the 328 meetings that occurred over the six-month period, the automatic system was manually overridden on 14 or 4% of the meetings for reasons other than demonstration purposes. When overridden, occupants appeared to have switched the individual zones with deliberation, using a combination of clear and tinted zones and the interior Venetian blinds to produce the desired interior environment. Monitored weekday lighting energy savings were 91% compared to the existing lighting system, which was less efficient, had a higher illuminance setpoint, and no controls. Annual performance was estimated using EnergyPlus, where the existing condition met the ASHRAE 90.1-2007 prescriptive requirements except for a higher window U-value. Annual energy savings were 48% while peak demand savings were 35%. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lee, E. S.; Claybaugh, E. S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [LaFrance, M.] US DOE, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Off Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Lee, ES (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Program, Mailstop 90-3111,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ESLee@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 14 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 BP 267 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.12.003 PG 18 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 914YN UT WOS:000301989800032 ER PT J AU Ryan, EM Sanquist, TF AF Ryan, Emily M. Sanquist, Thomas F. TI Validation of building energy modeling tools under idealized and realistic conditions SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Building energy modeling; Occupant effects; Validation; Computational modeling; Energy efficiency ID SIMULATION PROGRAMS; EMPIRICAL VALIDATION; METHODOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB Building energy models provide valuable insight into energy use in commercial and residential buildings based on architecture, materials and thermal loads. They are used in the design of new buildings and retrofitting to increase the efficiency of older buildings. The accuracy of these models is crucial to reducing energy use in the US and building a sustainable energy future. In addition to the architecture and thermal loads, building energy models also must account for the effects of the building's occupants on energy use. Traditionally simple schedule based methods have been used to account for the effects of occupants. However, newer research has shown that these methods often result in large differences between the modeled and actual energy use of buildings. In this paper we discuss building energy models and their accuracy in predicting energy use. In particular we focus on the different types of validation methods which have been used to investigate the accuracy of building energy models and how they account for (or do not) the effects of occupants. We also review newer work on stochastic methods for estimating the effects of occupants on energy use and discuss the improvements necessary to increase the accuracy of building energy models. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ryan, Emily M.] Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Sanquist, Thomas F.] Battelle Seattle Res Ctr, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Ryan, EM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 110 Cummington St,ENG 416, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ryanem@bu.edu RI Ryan, Emily/I-8183-2015 OI Ryan, Emily/0000-0001-6111-3269 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The Pacific Northwest National laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 EI 1872-6178 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 BP 375 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.12.020 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 914YN UT WOS:000301989800043 ER PT J AU Huo, H Zhang, Q He, KB Yao, ZL Wang, MC AF Huo, Hong Zhang, Qiang He, Kebin Yao, Zhiliang Wang, Michael TI Vehicle-use intensity in China: Current status and future trend SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Vehicle kilometers traveled; Energy use; CO2 emissions ID CO2 EMISSIONS AB Vehicle-use intensity (kilometers traveled per vehicle per year or VKT) is important because it directly affects simulation results for vehicle fuel use and emissions, but the poor understanding of VKT in China could significantly affect the accuracy of estimation of total fuel use and CO2 emissions, and thus impair precise evaluation of the effects of associated energy and environmental policies. As an important component of our work on the Fuel Economy and Environmental Impacts (FEEI) model, we collected VKT survey data in China from available sources and conducted additional surveys during 2004 and 2010, from which we derived Via values and VKT-age functions by vehicle type for China. We also projected the future VKT for China by examining the relationship of vehicle use to per-capita GDP in 20 other countries worldwide. The purpose of this work is to achieve a better understanding of vehicle-use intensity in China and to generate reliable VKT input (current and future Via levels) for the FEEI model. The VKT results obtained from this work could also benefit other work in the field associated with vehicle energy use and emissions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Qiang] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Huo, Hong] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [He, Kebin] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Yao, Zhiliang] Beijing Technol & Business Univ, Sch Food & Chem Engn, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Wang, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM qiangzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012 FU U.S.-based Energy Foundation; National Science Foundation of China [71003065, 41005062] FX This work is supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the U.S.-based Energy Foundation and the National Science Foundation of China (71003065 and 41005062). NR 39 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 6 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.019 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100002 ER PT J AU Huo, H Wang, MC AF Huo, Hong Wang, Michael TI Modeling future vehicle sales and stock in China SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Vehicle stock; Vehicle projection; China ID ROAD TRANSPORT SECTOR; CAR OWNERSHIP; CO2 EMISSIONS; ENERGY DEMAND; GHG EMISSIONS; INCOME AB This article presents an updated and upgraded methodology, the Fuel Economy and Environmental Impacts (FEEI) model (http://www.feeimodel.org/), to project vehicle sales and stock in China on the basis of our previous studies. The methodology presented has the following major improvements: it simulates private car ownership on an income-level basis, takes into account car purchase prices, separates sales into purchases for fleet growth and for replacements of scrapped vehicles, and examines various possible vehicle scrappage patterns for China. The results show that the sales of private light-duty passenger vehicles in China could reach 23-42 million by 2050, with the share of new-growth purchases representing 16-28%. The total vehicle stock may be 530-623 million by 2050. We compare this study to other publicly available studies in terms of both projection methodology and results. A sensitivity analysis shows that vehicle sales are more affected than levels of vehicle stock by the model parameters, which makes projecting sales more difficult owing to the lack of reliable input data for key model parameters. Because it considers key factors in detail, the sales and stock projection module of the FEEI model offers many advantages over previous models and is capable of simulating various policy scenarios. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huo, Hong] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Huo, Hong] Tsinghua Univ, China Automot Energy Res Ctr CAERC, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Huo, H (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM hhuo@tsinghua.edu.cn FU U.S.-based Energy Foundation; National Science Foundation of China [71003065]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2010DFA72760-603] FX This work is supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the U.S.-based Energy Foundation, the National Science Foundation of China (71003065), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2010DFA72760-603). NR 51 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 6 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 17 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.063 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100003 ER PT J AU Huo, H He, KB Wang, MC Yao, ZL AF Huo, Hong He, Kebin Wang, Michael Yao, Zhiliang TI Vehicle technologies, fuel-economy policies, and fuel-consumption rates of Chinese vehicles SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Fuel-consumption rate; Fuel economy; China ID ROAD TRANSPORT SECTOR; EMISSIONS AB One of the principal ways to reduce transport-related energy use is to reduce fuel-consumption rates of motor vehicles (usually measured in liters of fuel per 100 km). Since 2004, China has implemented policies to improve vehicle technologies and lower the fuel-consumption rates of individual vehicles. Policy evaluation requires accurate and adequate information on vehicle fuel-consumption rates. However, such information, especially for Chinese vehicles under real-world operating conditions, is rarely available from official sources in China. For each vehicle type we first review the vehicle technologies and fuel-economy policies currently in place in China and their impacts. We then derive real-world (or on-road) fuel-consumption rates on the basis of information collected from various sources. We estimate that the real-world fuel-consumption rates of vehicles in China sold in 2009 are 9 L/100 km for light-duty passenger vehicles, 11.4 L/100 km for light-duty trucks, 22 L/100 km for intercity transport buses, 40 L/100 km for urban transit buses, and 24.9 L/100 km for heavy-duty trucks. These results aid in understanding the levels of fuel consumption of existing Chinese vehicle fleets and the effectiveness of policies in reducing on-road fuel consumption, which can help in designing and evaluating future vehicle energy-efficiency policies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huo, Hong] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [He, Kebin] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yao, Zhiliang] Beijing Technol & Business Univ, Sch Food & Chem Engn, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. RP Huo, H (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM hhuo@tsinghua.edu.cn FU U.S.-based Energy Foundation; National Science Foundation of China [71003065, 41005068]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2010DFA72760-603] FX This work is supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the U.S.-based Energy Foundation, the National Science Foundation of China (71003065 and 41005068), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2010DFA72760-603). NR 28 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.064 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100004 ER PT J AU Huo, H Wang, MC Zhang, XL He, KB Gong, HM Jiang, KJ Jin, YF Shi, YD Yu, X AF Huo, Hong Wang, Michael Zhang, Xiliang He, Kebin Gong, Huiming Jiang, Kejun Jin, Yuefu Shi, Yaodong Yu, Xin TI Projection of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions by motor vehicles in China: Policy options and impacts SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Well-to-wheels; Energy use; GHG emissions ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; ROAD TRANSPORT; GHG EMISSIONS; CO2 EMISSIONS; DEMAND; CONSUMPTION; ETHANOL AB We project the well-to-wheels (WTW) and tank-to-wheels (TTW) fossil-energy use, petroleum use, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the road-transport sector in China up to year 2050 and evaluate the effects of various potential policy options with the fuel economy and environmental impacts (FEEI) model (http://www.feeimodel.org/). The policies evaluated include (1) vehicle fuel-consumption improvements, (2) dieselization, (3) vehicle electrification, and (4) fuel diversification, with plausible policy scenarios. Under the business-as-usual scenario, road transport in China would create 410-520 million metric tons (MMT) of oil-equivalent of TTW oil demand (three to four times the current level), 28-36 billion GJ of WTW energy demand, and 1900-2300 MMT of CO2-equivalent of WTW GHG emissions by 2050. The policies (in the same order as above) are projected to reduce the TTW oil demand by 35%, 10%, 29%, and 44%, and reduce WTW GHG emissions by 34%, 5%, 12%, and 13%, respectively, by 2050. This evaluation reveals that the fuel-consumption improvement policy could achieve greater benefit in reducing oil use, fossil-energy use, and GHG emissions. Implications of each policy option are discussed and the uncertainties associated with the policy scenarios are analyzed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huo, Hong; Zhang, Xiliang] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Huo, Hong; Zhang, Xiliang] Tsinghua Univ, China Automot Energy Res Ctr CAERC, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [He, Kebin] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Gong, Huiming] Energy Fdn, Beijing 100004, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Kejun] Energy Res Inst, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. [Jin, Yuefu] China Automot Technol & Res Ctr CATARC, Tianjin 300162, Peoples R China. [Shi, Yaodong] Dev Res Ctr State Council, Beijing 100010, Peoples R China. [Yu, Xin] Beijing Green Resource Co Ltd, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Huo, H (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM hhuo@tsinghua.edu.cn FU U.S.-based Energy Foundation; National Science Foundation of China [71003065, 20921140409]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2010DFA72760-603]; Ministry of Education of China [20100002120031] FX This work is supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the U.S.-based Energy Foundation, the National Science Foundation of China (71003065 and 20921140409), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2010DFA72760-603). Dr. H. Huo would like to thank the support of New Teacher Fund of Ministry of Education of China (20100002120031). NR 41 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 5 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.065 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100005 ER PT J AU Phillips, BR Middleton, RS AF Phillips, Benjamin R. Middleton, Richard S. TI SimWIND: A geospatial infrastructure model for optimizing wind power generation and transmission SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Wind power planning; Transmission losses; Infrastructure optimization ID DECISION-SUPPORT; INTEGRATION; ISLAND; TOOL AB Wind is a clean, enduring energy resource with the capacity to satisfy 20% or more of U.S. electricity demand. Presently, wind potential is limited by a paucity of electrical transmission lines and/or capacity between promising wind resources and primary load centers. We present the model SimWIND to address this shortfall. Sim WIND is an integrated optimization model for the geospatial arrangement and cost minimization of wind-power generation-transmission-delivery infrastructure. Given a set of possible wind-farm sites, the model simultaneously determines (1) where and how much power to generate and (2) where to build new transmission infrastructure and with what capacity in order to minimize the cost for delivering a targeted amount of power to load. Costs and routing of transmission lines consider geographic and social constraints as well as electricity losses. We apply our model to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) Interconnection, considering scenarios that deliver up to 20 GW of new wind power. We show that Sim WIND could potentially reduce ERCOT's projected similar to$5B transmission network upgrade line length and associated costs by 50%. These results suggest that SimWIND's coupled generation-transmission-delivery modeling approach could play a critical role in enhancing planning efforts and reducing costs for wind energy integration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Phillips, Benjamin R.; Middleton, Richard S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Middleton, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM benjamin.phillips@ee.doe.gov; rsm@lanl.gov RI Middleton, Richard/A-5470-2011; OI Middleton, Richard/0000-0002-8039-6601 FU National Science Foundation FX We thank Jeffrey Bielicki for helpful comments and input into an early version of the model. Suggestions from two anonymous reviewers helped clarify the manuscript. This work was partly supported by a Visiting Scientist appointment at the National Science Foundation (B.R.P). NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 291 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.006 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100029 ER PT J AU Abhyankar, N Phadke, A AF Abhyankar, Nikit Phadke, Amol TI Impact of large-scale energy efficiency programs on utility finances and consumer tariffs in India SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Energy efficiency; Utility incentive; Indian power sector AB The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect on utility finances and consumer tariffs of implementing utility-funded demand-side energy efficiency (EE) programs in India. We use the state of Delhi as a case study. We estimate that by 2015, the electric utilities in Delhi can potentially save nearly 14% of total sales. We examine the impacts on utility finances and consumer tariffs by developing scenarios that account for variations in the following factors: (a) incentive mechanisms for mitigating the financial risk of utilities, (b) whether utilities fund the EE programs only partially, (c) whether utilities sell the conserved electricity into spot markets and (d) the level of power shortages utilities are facing. We find that average consumer tariff would increase by 2.2% although consumers participating in EE programs benefit from reduction in their electricity consumption. While utility incentive mechanisms can mitigate utilities' risk of losing long-run returns, they cannot address the risk of consistently negative cash flow. In case of power shortages, the cash flow risk is amplified (reaching up to 57% of utilities annual returns) and is very sensitive to marginal tariffs of consumers facing power shortages. We conclude by proposing solutions to mitigate utility risks. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Abhyankar, Nikit] Stanford Univ, E IPER, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Phadke, Amol] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Int Energy Studies Grp, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Abhyankar, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, E IPER, Yang & Yamazaki Environm & Energy Bldg,473 Via Or, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM nikit@stanford.edu; AAPhadke@lbl.gov NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 308 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.008 PG 19 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100031 ER PT J AU Nelson, J Johnston, J Mileva, A Fripp, M Hoffman, I Petros-Good, A Blanco, C Kammen, DM AF Nelson, James Johnston, Josiah Mileva, Ana Fripp, Matthias Hoffman, Ian Petros-Good, Autumn Blanco, Christian Kammen, Daniel M. TI High-resolution modeling of the western North American power system demonstrates low-cost and low-carbon futures SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Energy modeling; Renewable energy; Carbon emissions AB Decarbonizing electricity production is central to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Exploiting intermittent renewable energy resources demands power system planning models with high temporal and spatial resolution. We use a mixed-integer linear programming model - SWITCH - to analyze least-cost generation, storage, and transmission capacity expansion for western North America under various policy and cost scenarios. Current renewable portfolio standards are shown to be insufficient to meet emission reduction targets by 2030 without new policy. With stronger carbon policy consistent with a 450 ppm climate stabilization scenario, power sector emissions can be reduced to 54% of 1990 levels by 2030 using different portfolios of existing generation technologies. Under a range of resource cost scenarios, most coal power plants would be replaced by solar, wind, gas, and/or nuclear generation, with intermittent renewable sources providing at least 17% and as much as 29% of total power by 2030. The carbon price to induce these deep carbon emission reductions is high, but, assuming carbon price revenues are reinvested in the power sector, the cost of power is found to increase by at most 20% relative to business-as-usual projections. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelson, James; Johnston, Josiah; Mileva, Ana; Hoffman, Ian; Petros-Good, Autumn; Blanco, Christian; Kammen, Daniel M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Renewable & Appropriate Energy Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nelson, James; Johnston, Josiah; Mileva, Ana; Hoffman, Ian; Petros-Good, Autumn; Kammen, Daniel M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fripp, Matthias] Univ Oxford, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Hoffman, Ian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Elect Markets & Policy Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kammen, Daniel M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Goldman Sch Publ Policy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kammen, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Renewable & Appropriate Energy Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kammen@berkeley.edu FU EPA STAR [FP916698]; NSF DDRI [0602884]; NextEra Energy Resources; Karsten Family Foundation; Vestas Wind LLC; UC Berkeley Class; CPV Consortium; NSF; Berkeley Nerds Fellowship FX M.F. was funded by an EPA STAR graduate fellowship (No. FP916698) and NSF DDRI grant (No. 0602884) while developing the SWITCH model, and was funded by NextEra Energy Resources while contributing to this paper. The WECC analysis and writing were funded by the Karsten Family Foundation, Vestas Wind LLC, the UC Berkeley Class of 1935, and the CPV Consortium. A.P-G. was funded by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and C.B. received a Berkeley Nerds Fellowship. The findings were not subject to review or approval by any of the funders; the authors declare no competing financial interests. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2012 VL 43 BP 436 EP 447 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.031 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910CZ UT WOS:000301616100043 ER PT J AU Tal, TL Franzosa, JA Tilton, SC Philbrick, KA Iwaniec, UT Turner, RT Waters, KM Tanguay, RL AF Tal, Tamara L. Franzosa, Jill A. Tilton, Susan C. Philbrick, Kenneth A. Iwaniec, Urszula T. Turner, Russell T. Waters, Katrina M. Tanguay, Robert L. TI MicroRNAs control neurobehavioral development and function in zebrafish SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE miR-9; miR-153; skeletal development ID OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION; NEURAL PROGENITORS; LARVAL ZEBRAFISH; ETHANOL EXPOSURE; CONDITIONAL LOSS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY DATA; ALCOHOL; BRAIN; MORPHOGENESIS AB microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as regulators of a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental processes, including brain morphogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and survival. While the role of miRNAs in establishing and maintaining the developing nervous system is widely appreciated, the developmental neurobehavioral role of miRNAs has yet to be defined. Here we show that transient disruption of brain morphogenesis by ethanol exposure results in behavioral hyperactivity in larval zebrafish challenged with changes in lighting conditions. Aberrations in swimming activity persist in juveniles that were developmentally exposed to ethanol. During early neurogenesis, multiple gene expression profiling studies revealed widespread changes in mRNA and miRNA abundance in ethanol-exposed embryos. Consistent with a role for miRNAs in neurobehavioral development, target prediction analyses identified multiple miRNAs misexpressed in the ethanol-exposed cohorts that were also predicted to target inversely expressed transcripts known to influence brain morphogenesis. In vivo knockdown of miR9/9* or miR-153c persistently phenocopied the effect of ethanol on larval and juvenile swimming behavior. Structural analyses performed on adults showed that repression of miR-153c during development impacts craniofacial skeletal development. Together, these data support an integral role for miRNAs in the establishment of vertebrate neurobehavioral and skeletal systems.-Tal, T. L., Franzosa, J. A., Tilton, S. C., Philbrick, K. A., Iwaniec, U. T., Turner, R. T., Waters, K. M., Tanguay, R. L. MicroRNAs control neurobehavioral development and function in zebrafish. FASEB J. 26, 1452-1461 (2012). www.fasebj.org C1 [Tal, Tamara L.; Franzosa, Jill A.; Tanguay, Robert L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Philbrick, Kenneth A.; Iwaniec, Urszula T.; Turner, Russell T.] Oregon State Univ, Skeletal Biol Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Tilton, Susan C.; Waters, Katrina M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tanguay, RL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, 28645 E HWY 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM robert.tanguay@oregonstate.edu OI Philbrick, Kenneth/0000-0003-1424-6987 FU U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Environmental Health Sciences Core Center [ES00210]; NIEHS [T32ES7060]; Oregon State University (OSU) Linus Pauling Institute; Superfund Basic Research Program [NIEHS P42 ES016465] FX This work was supported by U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Environmental Health Sciences Core Center grant ES00210, NIEHS training grant T32ES7060, an Oregon State University (OSU) Linus Pauling Institute grant to R. L. T., and Superfund Basic Research Program grant NIEHS P42 ES016465 to R. L. T. and K. M. W. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors are grateful to Katrine Saili and Britton Goodale for their critical review of the manuscript. The authors are grateful to Carrie Barton, Cari Buchner, Brittany McCauslin, and the staff at the OSU Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory for exemplary fish husbandry and technical expertise. The authors thank Dawn Olsen for her assistance with skeletal analysis, Hao Truong for developing custom PERL software used to process locomotion data, and Gregory Gonnerman for providing body length measurements for the juvenile locomotion studies. NR 57 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 14 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1452 EP 1461 DI 10.1096/fj.11-194464 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 919VS UT WOS:000302359700008 PM 22253472 ER PT J AU Feng, ZG Michaelides, EE Mao, SL AF Feng, Zhi-Gang Michaelides, Efstathios E. Mao, Shaolin TI On the drag force of a viscous sphere with interfacial slip at small but finite Reynolds numbers SO FLUID DYNAMICS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE; MOTION; FLOW; INTERMEDIATE; PARTICLES; EQUATION; VELOCITY; DROPS AB We investigate the hydrodynamic drag force on a viscous sphere in a fluid of different viscosities at small but finite Reynolds numbers when interfacial slip is present at the surface of the sphere. The sphere is small enough for it to retain its spherical shape, as is the case with most small droplets. By using a singular perturbation method, the exterior flow field of the droplet is decomposed into an inner region, where the viscous effects dominate, and an outer region, where the inertia is important. The interior flow of the viscous sphere is also solved analytically. By applying appropriate boundary conditions to the surface of the viscous sphere and matching the conditions between the inner and outer flow fields, stream functions up to the order of Re-2 log Re for both the exterior and the interior flow are obtained. Thus, an analytical expression for the drag force coefficient of the viscous droplet is derived. This general expression yields, as special cases, several other expressions that are applicable to spheres that translate rectilinearly under more restrictive conditions. One of the practical conclusions from this study is that the presence of interfacial slip can significantly reduce the drag force on a droplet. C1 [Feng, Zhi-Gang] UTSA, Dept Mech Engn, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. [Michaelides, Efstathios E.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Engn, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. [Mao, Shaolin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Feng, ZG (reprint author), UTSA, Dept Mech Engn, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. EM zhigang.feng@utsa.edu; E.michaelides@tcu.edu; smao@lanl.gov FU DOE through National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-NT0008064]; NSF [HRD-0932339, HRD-1137964] FX This work was partially supported by a grant from the DOE through the National Energy Technology Laboratory (DE-NT0008064; Mr Steven Seachman, project manager); by a grant from NSF (HRD-0932339); and by a supplemental grant from the NSF to the SiViRT Center (HRD-1137964 Dr Richard Smith, project manager). NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 19 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0169-5983 EI 1873-7005 J9 FLUID DYN RES JI Fluid Dyn. Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 44 IS 2 AR 025502 DI 10.1088/0169-5983/44/2/025502 PG 16 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 917CN UT WOS:000302150100003 ER PT J AU Payne, SJ McCaffrey, R King, RW Kattenhorn, SA AF Payne, S. J. McCaffrey, R. King, R. W. Kattenhorn, S. A. TI A new interpretation of deformation rates in the Snake River Plain and adjacent basin and range regions based on GPS measurements SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Continental tectonics: extensional; Dynamics: seismotectonics; Hotspots; Neotectonics; Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation ID NEOGENE VOLCANIC-ROCKS; CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; 1983 BORAH-PEAK; YELLOWSTONE HOTSPOT; SEISMIC-REFRACTION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; SILICIC VOLCANISM; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; LATE PLEISTOCENE AB Within the Northern Basin and Range Province, USA, we estimate horizontal velocities for 405 sites using Global Positioning System (GPS) phase data collected from 1994 to 2010. The velocities, together with geologic, volcanic, and earthquake data, reveal a slowly deforming region within the Snake River Plain in Idaho and OwyheeOregon Plateau in Oregon separated from the actively extending adjacent Basin and Range regions by shear. Our results show a NE-oriented extensional strain rate of 5.6 +/- 0.7 x 10-9 yr-1 in the Centennial Tectonic Belt and an similar to E-oriented extensional strain rate of 3.5 +/- 0.2 x 10-9 yr-1 in the Great Basin. These extensional rates contrast with the very low strain rate within the 125 km x 650 km region of the Snake River Plain and OwyheeOregon Plateau, which is indistinguishable from zero (-0.1 +/- 0.4 x 10-9 yr-1). Inversions of the velocities with dyke-opening models indicate that rapid extension by dyke intrusion in volcanic rift zones, as previously hypothesized, is not currently occurring in the Snake River Plain. This slow internal deformation, in contrast to the rapidly extending adjacent Basin and Range regions, indicates shear along the boundaries of the Snake River Plain. We estimate right-lateral shear with slip rates of 0.31.4 mm yr-1 along the northwestern boundary adjacent to the Centennial Tectonic Belt and left-lateral oblique extension with slip rates of 0.51.5 mm yr-1 along the southeastern boundary adjacent to the Intermountain Seismic Belt. The fastest lateral shearing evident in the GPS occurs near the Yellowstone Plateau where strike-slip focal mechanisms and faults with observed strike-slip components of motion are documented. The regional velocity gradients are best fit by nearby poles of rotation for the Centennial Tectonic Belt, Snake River Plain, OwyheeOregon Plateau, and eastern Oregon, indicating that clockwise rotation is not locally driven by Yellowstone hotspot volcanism, but instead by extension to the south across the Wasatch fault due to gravitational collapse and by shear in the Walker Lane belt resulting from PacificNorthern America relative plate motion. C1 [Payne, S. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [McCaffrey, R.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [King, R. W.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kattenhorn, S. A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Payne, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 2203, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Suzette.Payne@inl.gov FU Idaho National Laboratory through U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; National Science Foundation [EAR-0745624]; National Earthquake Hazards Research Program (NEHRP) [2010-0006] FX We thank Bill Hammond (University of Nevada at Reno) and Wayne Thatcher (U. S. Geological Survey) for their comments that greatly improved the manuscript. We also thank Jed Hodges and Rob Berg (Idaho National Laboratory) for their help with collecting campaign GPS phase data. We thank Dr. Takuya Nishimura for generously providing information. Payne appreciates the stimulating conversations with and reviews by Seth Carpenter (Idaho National Laboratory) during development of the manuscript. Figures were generated with the Generic Mapping Tool (Wessel & Smith 1998). The research was funded in part by the Idaho National Laboratory through the U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office contract DE-AC07-05ID14517 by the National Science Foundation grant EAR-0745624 to King, and by the National Earthquake Hazards Research Program (NEHRP) grant 2010-0006 to McCaffrey. NR 103 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD APR PY 2012 VL 189 IS 1 BP 101 EP 122 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05370.x PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 909OK UT WOS:000301573800008 ER PT J AU Ford, SR Garnero, EJ Thorne, MS AF Ford, Sean R. Garnero, Edward J. Thorne, Michael S. TI Differential t* measurements via instantaneous frequency matching: observations of lower mantle shear attenuation heterogeneity beneath western Central America SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Time-series analysis; Body waves; Seismic attenuation; Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle ID SEISMIC-WAVE ATTENUATION; BROAD-BAND ARRAY; QUALITY FACTOR Q; SCS-S DATA; BODY WAVES; VELOCITY HETEROGENEITY; SUBDUCTION ZONES; TRACE ANALYSIS; MODEL; DEPENDENCE AB We infer shear attenuation in the lower mantle by using the method of instantaneous frequency matching to calculate differential t* between core-reflected ScS and direct S (dt*ScS-S). The instantaneous frequency at the envelope peak of a seismic phase is related to the average Fourier spectral frequency of that phase. To estimate dt*ScS-S for a given trace, we first calculate the instantaneous frequency at the envelope peak of S and ScS. The trace is then attenuated through convolution with a suite of t* operators until the instantaneous frequency at the envelope peak of the seismic phase with the initially larger instantaneous frequency matches the value of the smaller instantaneous frequency from the initial calculation. The differential t* operator required to accomplish the match is then dt*ScS-S. We also calculate dt*ScS-S from the slope of the spectral ratio of windowed ScS and S. Both the spectral ratio and instantaneous frequency methods produce consistent results for high signal-to-noise ratio synthetic waveforms with S and ScS well separated in time, and where there are no other interfering phases. The instantaneous frequency method gives more stable results for low signal-to-noise ratio waveforms, and where S and/or ScS are affected by other interfering seismic phases. The instantaneous frequency matching method is applied to broadband data from South American earthquakes recorded in California that sample the lower mantle beneath Central America and the Cocos plate. dt*ScS-S ranges from approximately 4 to 2 s, but are predominately negative, suggesting S is more attenuated than ScS for these data. We estimate the possibly contaminating effects of 3-D velocity heterogeneity on dt*ScS-S through analysis of synthetic seismograms computed for a cross-section through a tomographically derived model of global shear wave heterogeneity, using an axisymmetric finite difference algorithm. Synthetics for path geometries of our data predict a dt*ScS-S of similar to 0.2 s. We investigate the effect of seismic anisotropy by comparing dt*ScS-S before and after a subset of the data were corrected using splitting parameters obtained by linearizing the particle motion of the S and ScS phases. The rms error of the residuals between the corrected and uncorrected dt*ScS-S is similar to 0.2 s. Neither of these efforts, however, match the large negative observed dt*ScS-S values, suggesting the mid-mantle beneath western Central America is in fact much more attenuating than the lowermost mantle below it, or S may be broadened by out-of-plane propagation effects, involving the remains of the Farallon plate containing stronger velocity heterogeneity than is imaged by seismic tomography. C1 [Ford, Sean R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ground Based Nucl Detonat Detect Programs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Garnero, Edward J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Thorne, Michael S.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Ford, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ground Based Nucl Detonat Detect Programs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sean@llnl.gov RI Ford, Sean/F-9191-2011 OI Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792 FU NSF [EAR-0135119]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work has benefited from insightful discussions with T. Lay and V. Cormier. Broadband waveform data was collected from the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, Southern California Earthquake Data Center and IRIS. Most signal analysis was done with SAC2000 (Goldstein et al. 1999), ray path analysis was aided by the TauP Toolkit (Crotwell et al. 1999) and figures were made using GMT (Wessel & Smith 1998). This research was partially supported by NSF grant EAR-0135119. We thank the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah for use of their supercomputing facilities. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 86 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD APR PY 2012 VL 189 IS 1 BP 513 EP 523 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05348.x PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 909OK UT WOS:000301573800037 ER PT J AU Houmard, M Fu, Q Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Houmard, Manuel Fu, Qiang Saiz, Eduardo Tomsia, Antoni P. TI Sol-gel method to fabricate CaP scaffolds by robocasting for tissue engineering SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE BIOCERAMICS; HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BONE REGENERATION; AEROSOL-GEL; PORE-SIZE; POROSITY; CERAMICS; COMPOSITE; POWDERS AB Highly porous calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds for bone-tissue engineering were fabricated by combining a robocasting process with a sol-gel synthesis that mixed Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate and Triethyl Phosphite precursors in an aqueous medium. The resulting gels were used to print scaffolds by robocasting without the use of binder to increase the viscosity of the paste. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the process yielded hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate biphasic composite powders. Thus, the scaffold composition after crystallization of the amorphous structure could be easily modified by varying the initial Ca/P ratio during synthesis. The compressive strengths of the scaffolds are similar to 6 MPa, which is in the range of human cancellous bone (2-12 MPa). These highly porous scaffolds (similar to 73 vol% porosity) are composed of macro-pores of similar to 260 mu m in size; such porosity is expected to enable bone ingrowth into the scaffold for bone repair applications. The chemistry, porosity, and surface topography of such scaffolds can also be modified by the process parameters to favor bone formation. The studied sol-gel process can be used to coat these scaffolds by dip-coating, which induces a significant enhancement of mechanical properties. This can adjust scaffold properties such as composition and surface morphology, which consequently may improve their performances. C1 [Houmard, Manuel; Fu, Qiang; Tomsia, Antoni P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Saiz, Eduardo] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, Ctr Adv Struct Mat, London, England. RP Houmard, M (reprint author), Fed Univ Minas Gerais UFMG, Dept Mat Engn & Civil Construct, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM manuel.houmard@wanadoo.fr RI Fu, Qiang/B-1972-2013; Houmard, Manuel/F-7229-2013 FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [1 R01 DE015633] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Grant No. 1 R01 DE015633. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-4530 J9 J MATER SCI-MATER M JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Med. PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 4 BP 921 EP 930 DI 10.1007/s10856-012-4561-2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 919RE UT WOS:000302345400007 PM 22311079 ER PT J AU Srivastava, SC AF Srivastava, Suresh C. TI International Focus on Theragnostics SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT News Item C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Srivastava, SC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD APR PY 2012 VL 53 IS 4 BP 17N EP 17N PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 920BV UT WOS:000302377300004 PM 22473532 ER PT J AU Huang, X Tian, CH Liu, M Wang, YX Tolmachev, AV Sharma, S Yu, F Fu, K Zheng, JL Ding, SJ AF Huang, Xin Tian, Changhai Liu, Miao Wang, Yongxiang Tolmachev, Aleksey V. Sharma, Seema Yu, Fang Fu, Kai Zheng, Jialin Ding, Shi-Jian TI Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using O-16/O-18 Labeling SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE quantitative proteomics; O-16/O-18 labeling; stem cell proteomics; reprogramming; UNiquant; Hdac1; Pcna ID SPECTROMETRY-BASED PROTEOMICS; HISTONE DEACETYLASES; DEFINED FACTORS; CULTURE SILAC; AMINO-ACIDS; MASS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIFFERENTIATION; QUANTIFICATION; RECRUITMENT AB Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) hold great promise for regenerative medicine as well as for investigations into the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases. Understanding of key intracellular signaling pathways and protein targets that control development of iPSC from somatic cells is essential for designing new approaches to improve reprogramming efficiency. Here, we report the development and application of an integrated quantitative proteomics platform for investigating differences in protein expressions between mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) and MEF-derived iPSC. This platform consists of O-16/O-18 labeling, multidimensional peptide separation coupled wit a tandem mass spectrometry, and data analysis with UNiquant software. With this platform, a total of 2481 proteins were identified and quantified from the O-16/O-18-labeled MEF-iPSC proteome mixtures with a false discovery rate of 0.01. Among them, 218 proteins were significantly upregulated, while 247 proteins were significantly downregulated in iPSC compared to MEF. Many nuclear proteins, including Hdac1, Dnmt1, Pcna, Ccnd1, Smarcc1, and subunits in DNA replication and RNA polymerase II complex, were found to be enhanced in iPSC. Protein network analysis revealed that Pcna functions as a hub orchestrating complicated mechanisms including DNA replication, epigenetic inheritance (Dnmt1), and chromatin remodeling (Smarcc1) to reprogram MEF and maintain stemness of iPSC. C1 [Huang, Xin; Liu, Miao; Fu, Kai; Ding, Shi-Jian] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Tian, Changhai; Wang, Yongxiang; Zheng, Jialin] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Neurosci, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Yu, Fang] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Ding, Shi-Jian] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Mass Spectrometry & Prote Core Facil, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Tolmachev, Aleksey V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tolmachev, Aleksey V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sharma, Seema] Thermo Fisher Sci, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. RP Ding, SJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM dings@unmc.edu RI Yu, Fang/B-9874-2013; Huang, Xin/P-8103-2014 OI Huang, Xin/0000-0001-6778-8849 FU Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL); NEHHS [LB606]; Chinese Scholarship Council FX We thank Dr. Lawrence Schopfer for the editing of this manuscript: and Jim Keagy from Thermo Scientific for arranging demo experiments on the Q-Exactive mass spectrometer. Part of the research is supported by the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) user framework. This work was financially supported by NEHHS LB606 (S.-J.D). X.H. was supported by a scholarship from the Chinese Scholarship Council. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 11 IS 4 BP 2091 EP 2102 DI 10.1021/pr300155r PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 920FL UT WOS:000302388100007 PM 22375802 ER PT J AU Drake, PM Schilling, B Niles, RK Prakobphol, A Li, BS Jung, KY Cho, W Braten, M Inerowicz, HD Williams, K Albertolle, M Held, JM Iacovides, D Sorensen, DJ Griffith, OL Johansen, E Zawadzka, AM Cusack, MP Allen, S Gormley, M Hall, SC Witkowska, HE Gray, JW Regnier, F Gibson, BW Fisher, SJ AF Drake, Penelope M. Schilling, Birgit Niles, Richard K. Prakobphol, Akraporn Li, Bensheng Jung, Kwanyoung Cho, Wonryeon Braten, Miles Inerowicz, Halina D. Williams, Katherine Albertolle, Matthew Held, Jason M. Iacovides, Demetris Sorensen, Dylan J. Griffith, Obi L. Johansen, Eric Zawadzka, Anna M. Cusack, Michael P. Allen, Simon Gormley, Matthew Hall, Steven C. Witkowska, H. Ewa Gray, Joe W. Regnier, Fred Gibson, Bradford W. Fisher, Susan J. TI Lectin Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Discovery Workflow Identifies Putative Biomarkers of Aggressive Breast Cancers SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE lectins; lectin chromatography; breast cancer; triple-negative; SNA; AAL; sialic acid; fucose ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBOHYDRATE STRUCTURES; GLYCOSYLATION PROFILE; SELECTIN LIGAND; NEXT-GENERATION; HUMAN PLASMA; PROTEIN; PROGRESSION AB We used a lectin chromatography/MS-based approach to screen conditioned medium from a panel of lumina] (less aggressive) and triple negative (more aggressive) breast cancer cell lines (n = 5/subtype). The samples were fractionated using the lectins Aleuria aurantia (AAL) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA), which recognize fucose and sialic acid, respectively. The bound fractions were enzymatically N-deglycosylated and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. In total, we identified 533 glycoproteins, similar to 90% of which were components of the cell surface or extracellular matrix. We observed 1011 glycosites, 100 of which were solely detected in >= 3 triple negative lines. Statistical analyses suggested that a number of these glycosites were triple negative-specific and thus potential biomarkers for this tumor subtype. An analysis of RNaseq data revealed that approximately half of the mRNAs encoding the protein scaffolds that carried potential biomarker glycosites were up-regulated in triple negative vs luminal cell lines, and that a number of genes encoding fucosyl- or sialyltransferases were differentially expressed between the two subtypes, suggesting that alterations in glycosylation may also drive candidate identification. Notably, the glycoproteins from which these putative biomarker candidates were derived are involved in cancer-related processes. Thus, they may represent novel therapeutic targets for this aggressive tumor subtype. C1 [Drake, Penelope M.; Niles, Richard K.; Prakobphol, Akraporn; Braten, Miles; Williams, Katherine; Albertolle, Matthew; Johansen, Eric; Allen, Simon; Gormley, Matthew; Hall, Steven C.; Witkowska, H. Ewa; Fisher, Susan J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Schilling, Birgit; Li, Bensheng; Held, Jason M.; Sorensen, Dylan J.; Zawadzka, Anna M.; Cusack, Michael P.; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Res Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA. [Jung, Kwanyoung; Inerowicz, Halina D.; Regnier, Fred] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jung, Kwanyoung; Inerowicz, Halina D.; Regnier, Fred] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cho, Wonryeon] Wonkwang Univ, Iksan 570749, Jonbuk, South Korea. [Iacovides, Demetris; Griffith, Obi L.; Gray, Joe W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gray, Joe W.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Portland, OR 97238 USA. [Gibson, Bradford W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Fisher, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 513 Parnassus Ave,Box 0665, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM bgibson@buckinstitute.org; sfisher@cgl.ucsf.edu OI Griffith, Obi/0000-0002-0843-4271; Held, Jason/0000-0001-8024-2736 FU NCRR [S10 RR024615]; National Cancer Institute part of the NCI Clinical Proteomic Technologies for Cancer initiative [U24 CA126477]; Office of Science, Office of Biological & Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute [P50 CA 58207, U54 CA 112970, U24 CA 126477]; NIH NHGRI [U24 CA 126551]; Sandler Family Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NIH/NCI Cancer Center [P30 CA082103]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Stand Up To Cancer-American Association for Cancer Research Dream Team [SU2C-AACR-DT0409] FX We thank Ms. Tiffany Sham for excellent assistance formatting tables. This work was supported by an NCRR shared instrumentation grant S10 RR024615 (BWG) and by grants from the National Cancer Institute, U24 CA126477 (S.J.F.) and a U24 Subcontract (B.W.G.) that are part of the NCI Clinical Proteomic Technologies for Cancer initiative (http://proteomics.cancer.gov). Additional support was provided by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological & Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, by the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute grants P50 CA 58207, the U54 CA 112970, the U24 CA 126477 and the NIH NHGRI U24 CA 126551 for J.W.G. A portion of the mass spectrometric analyses was performed in the UCSF Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, which acknowledges support from the Sandler Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA082103. O.L.G. is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Stand Up To Cancer-American Association for Cancer Research Dream Team Translational Cancer Research Grant SU2C-AACR-DT0409. NR 78 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 11 IS 4 BP 2508 EP 2520 DI 10.1021/pr201206w PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 920FL UT WOS:000302388100039 PM 22309216 ER PT J AU Kresin, V AF Kresin, Vladimir TI Nanoclusters as a New Family of Superconductors: Potential for Room Temperature Superconductivity SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC SHELL STRUCTURE; SMALL METAL PARTICLES; TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; CADMIUM CLUSTERS; MODEL; PHYSICS; FILMS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPENDENCE; COMPOUND AB Under special but perfectly realistic conditions, superconducting pairing in metallic nanoclusters can become very strong, and they form a new family of high temperature superconductors. The presence of electronic energy shells, similar to those in atoms and nuclei, is the key ingredient of this scenario. In principle, T (c) can be raised up to room temperature. Charge transfer between clusters via Josephson coupling can give rise to strong macroscopic high temperature superconducting currents. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kresin, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vzkresin@lbl.gov NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1939 J9 J SUPERCOND NOV MAGN JI J. Supercond. Nov. Magn PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 3 SI SI BP 711 EP 717 DI 10.1007/s10948-012-1439-y PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 916IJ UT WOS:000302094600020 ER PT J AU Stukowski, A Arsenlis, A AF Stukowski, A. Arsenlis, A. TI On the elastic-plastic decomposition of crystal deformation at the atomic scale SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB Given two snapshots of an atomistic system, taken at different stages of the deformation process, one can compute the incremental deformation gradient field, F, as defined by continuum mechanics theory, from the displacements of atoms. However, such a kinematic analysis of the total deformation does not reveal the respective contributions of elastic and plastic deformation. We develop a practical technique to perform the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation field, F = (FFp)-F-e, into elastic and plastic parts for the case of crystalline materials. The described computational analysis method can be used to quantify plastic deformation in a material due to crystal slip-based mechanisms in molecular dynamics and molecular statics simulations. The knowledge of the plastic deformation field, F-p, and its variation with time can provide insight into the number, motion and localization of relevant crystal defects such as dislocations. The computed elastic field, F-e, provides information about inhomogeneous lattice strains and lattice rotations induced by the presence of defects. C1 [Stukowski, A.; Arsenlis, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stukowski, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM alexander@stukowski.de RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011; OI Stukowski, Alexander/0000-0001-6750-3401 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank B Eidel and J Zimmerman for helpful comments. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 18 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 4 U2 32 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 AR 035012 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/3/035012 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 916RV UT WOS:000302121800012 ER PT J AU Wen, YH Chen, LQ Hawk, JA AF Wen, You-Hai Chen, Long-Qing Hawk, Jeffrey A. TI Phase-field modeling of corrosion kinetics under dual-oxidants SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; NICKEL AB A phase-field model is proposed to simulate corrosion kinetics under a dual-oxidant atmosphere. It will be demonstrated that the model can be applied to simulate corrosion kinetics under oxidation, sulfidation and simultaneous oxidation/sulfidation processes. Phase-dependent diffusivities are incorporated in a natural manner and allow more realistic modeling as the diffusivities usually differ by many orders of magnitude in different phases. Simple free energy models are then used for testing the model while calibrated free energy models can be implemented for quantitative modeling. C1 [Wen, You-Hai; Hawk, Jeffrey A.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Chen, Long-Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wen, YH (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RI Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012 OI Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 35 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 AR 035013 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/3/035013 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 916RV UT WOS:000302121800013 ER PT J AU Srivastava, A Ohm, RA Oxiles, L Brooks, F Lawrence, CB Grigoriev, IV Cho, YR AF Srivastava, Akhil Ohm, Robin A. Oxiles, Lindsay Brooks, Fred Lawrence, Christopher B. Grigoriev, Igor V. Cho, Yangrae TI A Zinc-Finger-Family Transcription Factor, AbVf19, Is Required for the Induction of a Gene Subset Important for Virulence in Alternaria brassicicola SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID PLANT-PATHOGENIC FUNGI; GERMINATING SPORES; EXPRESSION; TOXIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN; REVEALS; GENOME; DISRUPTION AB Alternaria brassicicola is a successful saprophyte and necrotrophic plant pathogen with a broad host range within the family Brassicaceae. It produces secondary metabolites that marginally affect virulence. Cell wall-degrading enzymes (CDWE) have been considered important for pathogenesis but none of them individually have been identified as significant virulence factors in A. brassicicola. In this study, knockout mutants of a gene, AbVf19, were created and produced considerably smaller lesions than the wild type on inoculated host plants. The presence of tandem zinc-finger domains in the predicted amino acid sequence and nuclear localization of AbVf19-reporter protein suggested that it was a transcription factor. Gene expression comparisons using RNA-seq identified 74 genes being downregulated in the mutant during a late stage of infection. Among the 74 downregulated genes, 28 were putative CWDE genes. These were hydrolytic enzyme genes that composed a small fraction of genes within each family of cellulases, pectinases, cutinases, and proteinases. The mutants grew slower than the wild type on an axenic medium with pectin as a major carbon source. This study demonstrated the existence and the importance of a transcription factor that regulates a suite of genes that are important for decomposing and utilizing plant material during the late stage of plant infection. C1 [Srivastava, Akhil; Oxiles, Lindsay; Brooks, Fred; Cho, Yangrae] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Ohm, Robin A.; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Lawrence, Christopher B.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Lawrence, Christopher B.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Cho, YR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, 3190 Maile Way,St John 317, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM yangrae@hawaii.edu RI Ohm, Robin/I-6689-2016 FU United States Department of Agriculture [2009-34135-20197]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank T. M. Carvalho, W. Borth, A. Alvarez, and J. Hu for generously sharing their research equipment. This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture TSTAR 2009-34135-20197 and HATCH funds to Y. Cho, administered by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Analysis of RNA-seq data and downstream analyses were done by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute that is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 443 EP 452 DI 10.1094/MPMI-10-11-0275 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 907QU UT WOS:000301433300001 PM 22185468 ER PT J AU Hossain, MZ Johns, JE Bevan, KH Karmel, HJ Liang, YT Yoshimoto, S Mukai, K Koitaya, T Yoshinobu, J Kawai, M Lear, AM Kesmodel, LL Tait, SL Hersam, MC AF Hossain, Md. Zakir Johns, James E. Bevan, Kirk H. Karmel, Hunter J. Liang, Yu Teng Yoshimoto, Shinya Mukai, Kozo Koitaya, Tatanori Yoshinobu, Jun Kawai, Maki Lear, Amanda M. Kesmodel, Larry L. Tait, Steven L. Hersam, Mark C. TI Chemically homogeneous and thermally reversible oxidation of epitaxial graphene SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE OXIDE; REDUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; FILMS; PAPER AB With its exceptional charge mobility, graphene holds great promise for applications in next-generation electronics. In an effort to tailor its properties and interfacial characteristics, the chemical functionalization of graphene is being actively pursued. The oxidation of graphene via the Hummers method is most widely used in current studies, although the chemical inhomogeneity and irreversibility of the resulting graphene oxide compromises its use in high-performance devices. Here, we present an alternative approach for oxidizing epitaxial graphene using atomic oxygen in ultrahigh vacuum. Atomic-resolution characterization with scanning tunnelling microscopy is quantitatively compared to density functional theory, showing that ultrahigh-vacuum oxidization results in uniform epoxy functionalization. Furthermore, this oxidation is shown to be fully reversible at temperatures as low as 260 degrees C using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. In this manner, ultrahigh-vacuum oxidation overcomes the limitations of Hummers-method graphene oxide, thus creating new opportunities for the study and application of chemically functionalized graphene. C1 [Johns, James E.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bevan, Kirk H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yoshimoto, Shinya; Mukai, Kozo; Koitaya, Tatanori; Yoshinobu, Jun] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. [Kawai, Maki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Adv Mat Sci, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. [Kawai, Maki] RIKEN, Adv Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [Lear, Amanda M.; Tait, Steven L.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Kesmodel, Larry L.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hossain, Md. Zakir; Johns, James E.; Karmel, Hunter J.; Liang, Yu Teng; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Hossain, MZ (reprint author), Gunma Univ, Adv Engn Res Team, Adv Sci Res Leaders Dev Unit, Kiryu, Gumma 3768515, Japan. EM m-hersam@northwestern.edu RI Liang, Yu Teng/F-6335-2012; Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; Tait, Steven/I-5985-2013; Yoshimoto, Shinya/P-1824-2016 OI Tait, Steven/0000-0001-8251-5232; Yoshimoto, Shinya/0000-0002-2142-4158 FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0647560, DMR-0906025, DMR-1121262]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-0180, N00014-11-1-0463]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0001785]; NSERC (Canada); Foundation Science and Engineering; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (award nos EEC-0647560, DMR-0906025 and DMR-1121262), the Office of Naval Research (award nos N00014-09-1-0180 and N00014-11-1-0463) and the US Department of Energy (award no. DE-SC0001785). K. H. B. acknowledges support from NSERC (Canada), M. C. H. acknowledges a W. M. Keck Foundation Science and Engineering Grant, and M.Z.H. acknowledges partial support by the Program to Disseminate Tenure-Track System of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) granted to Gunma University. The authors thank J. Lyding for the use of his STM control software. S.Y., K. M., T. K. and J.Y. thank K. Mase at KEK-PF for maintenance of BL13A. Computational resources were provided by the National Science Foundation Network for Computational Nanotechnology. NR 34 TC 143 Z9 143 U1 22 U2 212 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 EI 1755-4349 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 305 EP 309 DI 10.1038/nchem.1269 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 914WJ UT WOS:000301983400017 PM 22437716 ER PT J AU Golan, A Bravaya, KB Kudirka, R Kostko, O Leone, SR Krylov, AI Ahmed, M AF Golan, Amir Bravaya, Ksenia B. Kudirka, Romas Kostko, Oleg Leone, Stephen R. Krylov, Anna I. Ahmed, Musahid TI Ionization of dimethyluracil dimers leads to facile proton transfer in the absence of hydrogen bonds SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOIONIZATION; EXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS; ACID BASE-PAIRS; GAS-PHASE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DNA-OLIGOMERS; URACIL DIMERS; AB-INITIO; ADENINE AB Proton transfer is ubiquitous in chemistry and biology, occurring, for example, in proteins, enzyme reactions and across proton channels and pumps. However, it has always been described in the context of hydrogen-bonding networks ('proton wires') acting as proton conduits. Here, we report efficient intramolecular ionization-induced proton transfer across a 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer, a model pi-stacked system with no hydrogen bonds. Upon photoionization by tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation, the dimethyluracil dimer undergoes proton transfer and dissociates to produce a protonated monomer. Deuterated dimethyluracil experiments confirm that proton transfer occurs from the methyl groups and not from the aromatic C-H sites. Calculations reveal qualitative differences between the proton transfer reaction coordinate in the pi-stacked and hydrogen-bonded base pairs, and that proton transfer in methylated dimers involves significant rearrangements of the two fragments, facilitating a relatively low potential energy barrier of only 0.6 eV in the ionized dimer. C1 [Golan, Amir; Kostko, Oleg; Leone, Stephen R.; Ahmed, Musahid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bravaya, Ksenia B.; Krylov, Anna I.] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Kudirka, Romas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Golan, Amir; Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Golan, Amir; Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Golan, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM krylov@usc.edu; mahmed@lbl.gov RI Kostko, Oleg/B-3822-2009; Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009 OI Kostko, Oleg/0000-0003-2068-4991; FU US Department of Energy through the Chemical Sciences Division [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Materials Sciences Division; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [IACRO-B0845281]; National Science Foundation through CRIF:CRF [CHE-0625419 + 0624602 + 0625237, CHE-0951634] FX Experiments were carried out at the Advanced Light Source, and the d6-1,3-mU was synthesized at the Molecular Foundry, both at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Berkeley participants are supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231), through the Chemical Sciences Division (A.G., O.K., S.R.L., M.A.) and the Materials Sciences Division (R.K.). R. K. is also supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (IACRO-B0845281). This work was conducted in the framework of the iOpenShell Center (iopenshell.usc.edu), supported by the National Science Foundation through CRIF:CRF (CHE-0625419 + 0624602 + 0625237 and CHE-0951634, to A.I.K.) grants. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 7 U2 71 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.1038/nchem.1298 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 914WJ UT WOS:000301983400020 PM 22437719 ER PT J AU Tassin, P Koschny, T Kafesaki, M Soukoulis, CM AF Tassin, Philippe Koschny, Thomas Kafesaki, Maria Soukoulis, Costas M. TI A comparison of graphene, superconductors and metals as conductors for metamaterials and plasmonics SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-INDEX; OPTICAL METAMATERIALS; SURFACE-PLASMONS; TRANSPARENCY; REFRACTION; FILMS; LIGHT; LIMIT AB Recent advancements in metamaterials and plasmonics have promised a number of exciting applications, in particular at terahertz and optical frequencies. Unfortunately, the noble metals used in these photonic structures are not particularly good conductors at high frequencies, resulting in significant dissipative loss. Here, we address the question of what is a good conductor for metamaterials and plasmonics. For resonant metamaterials, we develop a figure-of-merit for conductors that allows for a straightforward classification of conducting materials according to the resulting dissipative loss in the metamaterial. Application of our method predicts that graphene and high-T-c superconductors are not viable alternatives for metals in metamaterials. We also provide an overview of a number of transition metals, alkali metals and transparent conducting oxides. For plasmonic systems, we predict that graphene and high-T-c superconductors cannot outperform gold as a platform for surface plasmon polaritons, because graphene has a smaller propagation length-to-wavelength ratio. C1 [Tassin, Philippe; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tassin, Philippe; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kafesaki, Maria; Soukoulis, Costas M.] FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Tassin, P (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tassin@ameslab.gov RI Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012; Tassin, Philippe/B-7152-2008; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 OI Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576; FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; US Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0925]; European Community [228637]; ENSEMBLE [213669]; Belgian American Educational Foundation FX Work at Ames Laboratory was partially supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (Ames Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358) (theoretical studies) and by the US Office of Naval Research (award no. N00014-10-1-0925, study of graphene). Work at FORTH was supported by the European Community's FP7 projects NIMNIL (grant agreement no. 228637, graphene) and ENSEMBLE (grant agreement no. 213669, study of oxides). P. T. acknowledges a fellowship from the Belgian American Educational Foundation. NR 49 TC 166 Z9 167 U1 31 U2 285 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 EI 1749-4893 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1038/nphoton.2012.27 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 918EO UT WOS:000302232300022 ER PT J AU Yan, JY Chen, B Raju, SV Godwal, BK MacDowell, AA Knight, J Ma, HW Williams, Q AF Yan, Jinyuan Chen, Bin Raju, Selva Vennila Godwal, Budhiram K. MacDowell, Alastair A. Knight, Jason Ma, Hongwei Williams, Quentin TI HgO at high pressures: the transition to the NaCl structure (HgO-III) and the equation of state of tetragonal HgO-II SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE Mercury oxide; Montroydite; X-ray diffraction; Phase transitions; Equations of state ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GROUP-IV; X-RAY; DIFFRACTION; CHALCOGENIDES; OXIDE AB The high-pressure behavior of HgO-montroydite was investigated up to 36.5 GPa using angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction. The tetragonal phase of this material (HgO-II), a distortion of the NaCl structure, transforms into the cubic NaCl structure (HgO-III) above similar to 31.5 GPa. The transformation of mercury oxide from the orthorhombic Pnma (HgO-I) structure to a tetragonal I4/mmm structure (HgO-II) is confirmed to occur at 13.5 +/- A 1.5 GPa. Neither of the high-pressure phases, HgO-II nor HgO-III, is quenchable in pressure. The derived isothermal bulk modulus of HgO-II and its pressure derivative strongly depend on the assumed zero-pressure volume of this phase, but our elasticity results on HgO-II nevertheless lie significantly closer to theoretical calculations than prior experimental results, and the measured pressure of the phase transformation to the NaCl structure is also in agreement with recent theoretical results. The general accord with theory supports the existence of significant relativistic effects on the high-pressure phase transitions of HgO. C1 [Yan, Jinyuan; Chen, Bin; Raju, Selva Vennila; Williams, Quentin] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Yan, Jinyuan; Chen, Bin; Raju, Selva Vennila; MacDowell, Alastair A.; Knight, Jason] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Godwal, Budhiram K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ma, Hongwei] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. RP Williams, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM qwilliams@pmc.ucsc.edu RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; US NSF [EAR 06-49658]; University of California, Berkeley FX We thank S. M. Clark and A. Christy for their technical assistance, and J. Zhang and an anonymous reviewer for helpful reviews. The authors also thank the Advanced Light Source, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley. COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences supported this project under US NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR 06-49658, funding JY, BC and SVR and crucial beamline equipment. QW is supported by the US NSF. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD APR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 4 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1007/s00269-012-0483-2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 918KN UT WOS:000302248500001 ER PT J AU Wang, HW Bish, DL AF Wang, Hsiu-Wen Bish, David L. TI Infrared spectroscopic characterization of dehydration and accompanying phase transition behaviors in NAT-topology zeolites SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE Natrolite; Scolecite; Mesolite; Infrared spectra; Phase transition; X-ray diffraction ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; IN-SITU FTIR; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; NATURAL ZEOLITES; POWDER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BOND; SCOLECITE; NATROLITE AB Relative humidity (P-H2O, partial pressure of water)-dependent dehydration and accompanying phase transitions in NAT-topology zeolites (natrolite, scolecite, and mesolite) were studied under controlled temperature and known PH2O conditions by in situ diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and parallel X-ray powder diffraction. Dehydration was characterized by the disappearance of internal H2O vibrational modes. The loss of H2O molecules caused a sequence of structural transitions in which the host framework transformation path was coupled primarily via the thermal motion of guest Na+/Ca2+ cations and H2O molecules. The observation of different interactions of H2O molecules and Na+/Ca2+ cations with host aluminosilicate frameworks under high- and low-PH2O conditions indicated the development of different local strain fields, arising from cation-H2O interactions in NAT-type channels. These strain fields influence the Si-O/Al-O bond strength and tilting angles within and between tetrahedra as the dehydration temperature is approached. The newly observed infrared bands (at 2,139 cm(-1) in natrolite, 2,276 cm(-1) in scolecite, and 2,176 and 2,259 cm(-1) in mesolite) result from strong cation H2O-Al-Si framework interactions in NAT-type channels, and these bands can be used to evaluate the energetic evolution of Na+/Ca2+ cations before and after phase transitions, especially for scolecite and mesolite. The 2,176 and 2,259 cm(-1) absorption bands in mesolite also appear to be related to Na+/Ca2+ order-disorder that occur when mesolite loses its Ow4 H2O molecules. C1 [Wang, Hsiu-Wen; Bish, David L.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Wang, HW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Geochem & Interfacial Sci Grp, 4100,C350,MS 6110, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangh3@ornl.gov; bish@indiana.edu RI Wang, Hsiu-Wen/H-9493-2016 OI Wang, Hsiu-Wen/0000-0002-2802-4122 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX Time for finalizing this manuscript was sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD APR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 4 BP 277 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s00269-012-0486-z PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 918KN UT WOS:000302248500002 ER PT J AU Muller, R AF Muller, Richard TI Taking on the climate SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT News Item C1 [Muller, Richard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Muller, Richard] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Muller, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 12 EP 13 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 920EW UT WOS:000302386500016 ER PT J AU Tomaszewski, C Byrne, SL Foito, A Kildea, S Kopecky, D Dolezel, J Heslop-Harrison, JS Stewart, D Barth, S AF Tomaszewski, Celine Byrne, Stephen L. Foito, Alexandre Kildea, Steven Kopecky, David Dolezel, Jaroslav Heslop-Harrison, John Seymour (PAT) Stewart, Derek Barth, Susanne TI Genetic linkage mapping in an F2 perennial ryegrass population using DArT markers SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Lolium perenne; perennial ryegrass; genetic map; crown rust; Puccinia coronata; DArT ID CROWN RUST RESISTANCE; LOLIUM-PERENNE; TECHNOLOGY DART; MAP; QTLS; L. AB Perennial ryegrass is the principal forage grass species used in temperate agriculture. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to develop molecular marker strategies to allow cost-effective characterization of a large number of loci simultaneously. One such strategy involves using DArT markers, and a DArT array has recently been developed for the Lolium-Festuca complex. In this study, we report the first use of the DArTFest array to generate a genetic linkage map based on 326 markers in a Lolium perenne F2 population, consisting of 325 genotypes. For proof of concept, the map was used to identify QTL associated with differences in crown rust susceptibility, caused by the fungal biotroph, Puccinia coronata. C1 [Tomaszewski, Celine; Byrne, Stephen L.; Foito, Alexandre; Kildea, Steven; Barth, Susanne] TEAGASC, Crops Environm & Land Use Programme, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. [Tomaszewski, Celine; Heslop-Harrison, John Seymour (PAT)] Univ Leicester, Dept Biol, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Byrne, Stephen L.] Aarhus Univ, Res Ctr Flakkebjerg, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. [Foito, Alexandre; Stewart, Derek] James Hutton Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Kopecky, David; Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Ctr Reg Hana Biotechnol & Agr Res, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic. RP Barth, S (reprint author), TEAGASC, Crops Environm & Land Use Programme, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. EM susanne.barth@teagasc.ie RI Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008; Kopecky, David/F-7284-2014; Heslop-Harrison, JS/C-9207-2009; Barth, Susanne/P-3366-2014; OI Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492; Heslop-Harrison, JS/0000-0002-3105-2167; Barth, Susanne/0000-0002-4104-5964; Byrne, Stephen/0000-0002-1179-2272 FU Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food [RSF 06 346]; Teagasc PhD studentship; Scottish Government Rural and Environment Research FX This study was financed by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food under the Research Stimulus programme (RSF 06 346; SLB, AF and SB). CT is funded by a Teagasc PhD studentship. DS acknowledges support from the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Research. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD APR PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 345 EP 349 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01944.x PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 917CX UT WOS:000302151100019 ER PT J AU Lee, YJ Perdian, DC Song, ZH Yeung, ES Nikolau, BJ AF Lee, Young Jin Perdian, David C. Song, Zhihong Yeung, Edward S. Nikolau, Basil J. TI Use of mass spectrometry for imaging metabolites in plants SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE mass-spectrometry; imaging; metabolites; metabolomics; high-spatial resolution ID DESORPTION ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; INTERMEDIATE-PRESSURE MALDI; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; RAT-BRAIN TISSUE; TOF-SIMS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ALKALOID BIOSYNTHESIS; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; LIPID TRAFFICKING AB We discuss and illustrate recent advances that have been made to image the distribution of metabolites among cells and tissues of plants using different mass spectrometry technologies. These technologies include matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, desorption electrospray ionization, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. These are relatively new technological applications of mass spectrometry and they are providing highly spatially resolved data concerning the cellular distribution of metabolites. We discuss the advantages and limitations of each of these mass spectrometric methods, and provide a description of the technical barriers that are currently limiting the technology to the level of single-cell resolution. However, we anticipate that advances in the next few years will increase the resolving power of the technology to provide unprecedented data on the distribution of metabolites at the subcellular level, which will increase our ability to decipher new knowledge concerning the spatial organization of metabolic processes in plants. C1 [Lee, Young Jin; Song, Zhihong; Yeung, Edward S.; Nikolau, Basil J.] US DOES, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lee, Young Jin; Yeung, Edward S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Perdian, David C.] Broward Coll, Dept Nat Sci, Coconut Creek, FL 33066 USA. [Song, Zhihong; Nikolau, Basil J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nikolau, BJ (reprint author), US DOES, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dimmas@iastate.edu RI Lee, Young Jin/F-2317-2011 OI Lee, Young Jin/0000-0002-2533-5371 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; Iowa State University under DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. The Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under DOE contract DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 125 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 8 U2 183 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1 BP 81 EP 95 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04899.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 915EH UT WOS:000302006300008 PM 22449044 ER PT J AU Sparkes, I Brandizzi, F AF Sparkes, Imogen Brandizzi, Federica TI Fluorescent protein-based technologies: shedding new light on the plant endomembrane system SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Arabidopsisthaliana; fluorescent proteins; forward genetics; GFP; optical tweezers ID ROOT HAIR DEVELOPMENT; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; GOLGI-APPARATUS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SECRETORY PATHWAY; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; OPTICAL TWEEZERS; ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; MISSENSE MUTATION; AUXIN TRANSPORT AB Without doubt, GFP and spectral derivatives have revolutionized the way biologists approach their journey toward the discovery of how plant cells function. It is fascinating that in its early days GFP was used merely for localization studies, but as time progressed researchers successfully explored new avenues to push the power of GFP technology to reach new and exciting research frontiers. This has had a profound impact on the way we can now study complex and dynamic systems such as plant endomembranes. Here we briefly describe some of the approaches where GFP has revolutionized in vivo studies of protein distribution and dynamics and focus on two emerging approaches for the application of GFP technology in plant endomembranes, namely optical tweezers and forward genetics approaches, which are based either on the light or on genetic manipulation of secretory organelles to gain insights on the factors that control their activities and integrity. C1 [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Michigan State Univ DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Sparkes, Imogen] Oxford Brookes Univ, Dept Biol & Med Sci, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. [Sparkes, Imogen] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, England. RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Michigan State Univ DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM fb@msu.edu FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; National Science Foundation [MCB 0948584]; Oxford Brookes University; BBSRC; Leverhulme Trust FX We are grateful to Ms Eileen Morey for editing the manuscript and to Dr Luciana Renna and Ms Lucia Marti for providing the images in Figure 3. We acknowledge support by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy (award number DE-FG02-91ER20021), National Science Foundation (MCB 0948584) (FB), Oxford Brookes University, BBSRC and the Leverhulme Trust for funding some of the work reported in this review. NR 114 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1 BP 96 EP 107 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04884.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 915EH UT WOS:000302006300009 PM 22449045 ER PT J AU Glenzer, SH Spears, BK Edwards, MJ Alger, ET Berger, RL Bleuel, DL Bradley, DK Caggiano, JA Callahan, DA Castro, C Casey, DT Choate, C Clark, DS Cerjan, CJ Collins, GW Dewald, EL Di Nicola, JMG Di Nicola, P Divol, L Dixit, SN Doppner, T Dylla-Spears, R Dzenitis, EG Fair, JE Frenje, LJA Johnson, MG Giraldez, E Glebov, V Glenn, SM Haan, SW Hammel, BA Hatchett, SP Haynam, CA Heeter, RF Heestand, GM Herrmann, HW Hicks, DG Holunga, DM Horner, JB Huang, HB Izumi, N Jones, OS Kalantar, DH Kilkenny, JD Kirkwood, RK Kline, JL Knauer, JP Kozioziemski, B Kritcher, AL Kroll, JJ Kyrala, GA LaFortune, KN Landen, OL Larson, DW Leeper, RJ Le Pape, S Lindl, JD Ma, T Mackinnon, AJ MacPhee, AG Mapoles, E McKenty, PW Meezan, NB Michel, P Milovich, JL Moody, JD Moore, AS Moran, M Moreno, KA Munro, DH Nathan, BR Nikroo, A Olson, RE Orth, CD Pak, A Patel, PK Parham, T Petrasso, R Ralph, JE Rinderknecht, H Regan, SP Robey, HF Ross, JS Salmonson, JD Sangster, C Sater, J Schneider, MB Seguin, FH Shaw, MJ Shoup, MJ Springer, PT Stoeffl, W Suter, LJ Thomas, CA Town, RPJ Walters, C Weber, SV Wegner, PJ Widmayer, C Whitman, PK Widmann, K Wilson, DC Van Wonterghem, BM MacGowan, BJ Atherton, LJ Moses, EI AF Glenzer, Siegfried H. Spears, Brian K. Edwards, M. John Alger, Ethan T. Berger, Richard L. Bleuel, Darren L. Bradley, David K. Caggiano, Joseph A. Callahan, Debra A. Castro, Carlos Casey, Daniel T. Choate, Christine Clark, Daniel S. Cerjan, Charles J. Collins, Gilbert W. Dewald, Eduard L. Di Nicola, Jean-Michel G. Di Nicola, Pascale Divol, Laurent Dixit, Shamasundar N. Doeppner, Tilo Dylla-Spears, Rebecca Dzenitis, Elizabeth G. Fair, James E. Frenje, Lars Johan Anders Johnson, M. Gatu Giraldez, E. Glebov, Vladimir Glenn, Steven M. Haan, Steven W. Hammel, Bruce A. Hatchett, Stephen P., II Haynam, Christopher A. Heeter, Robert F. Heestand, Glenn M. Herrmann, Hans W. Hicks, Damien G. Holunga, Dean M. Horner, Jeffrey B. Huang, Haibo Izumi, Nobuhiko Jones, Ogden S. Kalantar, Daniel H. Kilkenny, Joseph D. Kirkwood, Robert K. Kline, John L. Knauer, James P. Kozioziemski, Bernard Kritcher, Andrea L. Kroll, Jeremy J. Kyrala, George A. LaFortune, Kai N. Landen, Otto L. Larson, Douglas W. Leeper, Ramon J. Le Pape, Sebastien Lindl, John D. Ma, Tammy Mackinnon, Andrew J. MacPhee, Andrew G. Mapoles, Evan McKenty, Patrick W. Meezan, Nathan B. Michel, Pierre Milovich, Jose L. Moody, John D. Moore, Alastair S. Moran, Mike Moreno, Kari Ann Munro, David H. Nathan, Bryan R. Nikroo, Abbas Olson, Richard E. Orth, Charles D. Pak, Arthur Patel, Pravesh K. Parham, Tom Petrasso, Richard Ralph, Joseph E. Rinderknecht, Hans Regan, Sean P. Robey, Harry F. Ross, J. Steven Salmonson, Jay D. Sangster, Craig Sater, Jim Schneider, Marilyn B. Seguin, F. H. Shaw, Michael J. Shoup, Milton J. Springer, Paul T. Stoeffl, Wolfgang Suter, Larry J. Thomas, Cliff Avery Town, Richard P. J. Walters, Curtis Weber, Stephen V. Wegner, Paul J. Widmayer, Clay Whitman, Pamela K. Widmann, Klaus Wilson, Douglas C. Van Wonterghem, Bruno M. MacGowan, Brian J. Atherton, L. Jeff Moses, Edward I. TI First implosion experiments with cryogenic thermonuclear fuel on the National Ignition Facility SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; D TOKAMAK PLASMAS; HOHLRAUM PLASMAS; LASER-PLASMA; STIMULATED RAMAN; PROFILE CONTROL; PHYSICS BASIS; POWER GAIN; DRIVE; TARGETS AB Non-burning thermonuclear fuel implosion experiments have been fielded on the National Ignition Facility to assess progress toward ignition by indirect drive inertial confinement fusion. These experiments use cryogenic fuel ice layers, consisting of mixtures of tritium and deuterium with large amounts of hydrogen to control the neutron yield and to allow fielding of an extensive suite of optical, x-ray and nuclear diagnostics. The thermonuclear fuel layer is contained in a spherical plastic capsule that is fielded in the center of a cylindrical gold hohlraum. Heating the hohlraum with 1.3 MJ of energy delivered by 192 laser beams produces a soft x-ray drive spectrum with a radiation temperature of 300 eV. The radiation field produces an ablation pressure of 100 Mbar which compresses the capsule to a spherical dense fuel shell that contains a hot plasma core 80 mu m in diameter. The implosion core is observed with x-ray imaging diagnostics that provide size, shape, the absolute x-ray emission along with bangtime and hot plasma lifetime. Nuclear measurements provide the 14.1 MeV neutron yield from fusion of deuterium and tritium nuclei along with down-scattered neutrons at energies of 10-12 MeV due to energy loss by scattering in the dense fuel that surrounds the central hot-spot plasma. Neutron time-of-flight spectra allow the inference of the ion temperature while gamma-ray measurements provide the duration of nuclear activity. The fusion yield from deuterium-tritium reactions scales with ion temperature, which is in agreement with modeling over more than one order of magnitude to a neutron yield in excess of 10(14) neutrons, indicating large confinement parameters on these first experiments. C1 [Glenzer, Siegfried H.; Spears, Brian K.; Edwards, M. John; Berger, Richard L.; Bleuel, Darren L.; Bradley, David K.; Caggiano, Joseph A.; Callahan, Debra A.; Castro, Carlos; Choate, Christine; Clark, Daniel S.; Cerjan, Charles J.; Collins, Gilbert W.; Dewald, Eduard L.; Di Nicola, Jean-Michel G.; Di Nicola, Pascale; Divol, Laurent; Dixit, Shamasundar N.; Doeppner, Tilo; Dylla-Spears, Rebecca; Dzenitis, Elizabeth G.; Fair, James E.; Glenn, Steven M.; Haan, Steven W.; Hammel, Bruce A.; Hatchett, Stephen P., II; Haynam, Christopher A.; Heeter, Robert F.; Heestand, Glenn M.; Hicks, Damien G.; Holunga, Dean M.; Horner, Jeffrey B.; Huang, Haibo; Izumi, Nobuhiko; Jones, Ogden S.; Kalantar, Daniel H.; Kirkwood, Robert K.; Kozioziemski, Bernard; Kritcher, Andrea L.; Kroll, Jeremy J.; LaFortune, Kai N.; Landen, Otto L.; Larson, Douglas W.; Le Pape, Sebastien; Lindl, John D.; Ma, Tammy; Mackinnon, Andrew J.; MacPhee, Andrew G.; Mapoles, Evan; Meezan, Nathan B.; Michel, Pierre; Milovich, Jose L.; Moody, John D.; Moran, Mike; Munro, David H.; Nathan, Bryan R.; Orth, Charles D.; Pak, Arthur; Patel, Pravesh K.; Parham, Tom; Ralph, Joseph E.; Robey, Harry F.; Ross, J. Steven; Salmonson, Jay D.; Sater, Jim; Schneider, Marilyn B.; Shaw, Michael J.; Springer, Paul T.; Stoeffl, Wolfgang; Suter, Larry J.; Thomas, Cliff Avery; Town, Richard P. J.; Walters, Curtis; Weber, Stephen V.; Wegner, Paul J.; Widmayer, Clay; Whitman, Pamela K.; Widmann, Klaus; Van Wonterghem, Bruno M.; MacGowan, Brian J.; Atherton, L. Jeff; Moses, Edward I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Alger, Ethan T.; Giraldez, E.; Kilkenny, Joseph D.; Moreno, Kari Ann; Nikroo, Abbas] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Casey, Daniel T.; Frenje, Lars Johan Anders; Johnson, M. Gatu; Petrasso, Richard; Rinderknecht, Hans; Seguin, F. H.] Massachusetts Inst Sci & Technol, Plasma Fus & Sci Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Herrmann, Hans W.; Kline, John L.; Kyrala, George A.; Wilson, Douglas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Glebov, Vladimir; Knauer, James P.; McKenty, Patrick W.; Regan, Sean P.; Sangster, Craig; Shoup, Milton J.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Leeper, Ramon J.; Olson, Richard E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Moore, Alastair S.] Atom Weap Estab, Aldermaston RG7, England. RP Glenzer, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM glenzer1@llnl.gov RI Dylla-Spears, Rebecca/H-5605-2012; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Whitman, Pamela/B-2336-2013; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI /0000-0003-4969-5571; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was also supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No DE-FC52-08NA28302. NR 77 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 35 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD APR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 AR 045013 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/54/4/045013 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 916SA UT WOS:000302122300013 ER PT J AU Sun, FF Zhang, XZ Myung, S Zhang, YHP AF Sun, Fangfang Zhang, Xiao-Zhou Myung, Suwan Zhang, Y. -H. Percival TI Thermophilic Thermotoga maritima ribose-5-phosphate isomerase RpiB: Optimized heat treatment purification and basic characterization SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Biofuel; Cascade enzyme factories; Heat treatment purification; Pentose phosphate isomerase; Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase; Thermoenzyme ID RIBOSE-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; SYNTHETIC ENZYMATIC PATHWAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HIGH-YIELD; COMPETITIVE INHIBITORS; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; REACTION-MECHANISM; INFORMATION; DEFICIENCY AB The open reading frame TM1080 from Therm otoga maritima encoding ribose-5-phosphate isomerase type B (RpiB) was cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia cob BL21 (DE3). After optimization of cell culture conditions, more than 30% of intracellular proteins were soluble recombinant RpiB. High-purity RpiB was obtained by heat pretreatment through its optimization in buffer choice, buffer pH, as well as temperature and duration of pretreatment. This enzyme had the maximum activity at 70 degrees C and pH 6.5-8.0. Under its suboptimal conditions (60 degrees C and pH 7.0), k(cat), and K-m values were 540 s(-1) and 7.6 mM, respectively; it had a half lifetime of 71 h, resulting in its turn-over number of more than 2 x 10(8) mol of product per mol of enzyme. This study suggests that it is highly feasible to discover thermostable enzymes from exploding genomic DNA database of extremophiles with the desired stability suitable for in vitro synthetic biology projects and produce high-purity thermoenzymes at very low costs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Fangfang; Zhang, Xiao-Zhou; Myung, Suwan; Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zhang, Xiao-Zhou; Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Gate Fuels Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Myung, Suwan; Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] Virginia Tech, ICTAS, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zhang, Y. -H. Percival] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, YHP (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ypzhang@vt.edu FU College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Bioprocessing and Biodesign Research Center at Virginia Tech. FX This work was supported by the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Bioprocessing and Biodesign Research Center at Virginia Tech. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD APR PY 2012 VL 82 IS 2 BP 302 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2012.01.017 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 921PA UT WOS:000302488300008 PM 22333529 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA Conley, MM Lewin, KF AF Kimball, Bruce A. Conley, Matthew M. Lewin, Keith F. TI Performance and energy costs associated with scaling infrared heater arrays for warming field plots from 1 to 100 m SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; ELEVATED CO2; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEM; FUMIGATION; IMPACTS; PLANTS; PURE AB To study the likely effects of global warming on open-field vegetation, hexagonal arrays of infrared heaters are currently being used for low-stature (< 1 m) plants in small (a parts per thousand currency sign3 m) plots. To address larger ecosystem scales, herein we show that excellent uniformity of the warming can be achieved using nested hexagonal and rectangular arrays. Energy costs depend on the overall efficiency (useable infrared energy on the plot per electrical energy in), which varies with the radiometric efficiency (infrared radiation out per electrical energy in) of the individual heaters and with the geometric efficiency (fraction of thermal radiation that falls on useable plot area) associated with the arrangement of the heaters in an array. Overall efficiency would be about 26% at 4 m s(-1) wind speed for a single hexagonal array over a 3-m-diameter plot and 67% for a 199-hexagon honeycomb array over a 100-m-diameter plot, thereby resulting in an economy of scale. C1 [Kimball, Bruce A.; Conley, Matthew M.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Lewin, Keith F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Long Isl City, NY 11973 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM Bruce.Kimball@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER); US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We appreciate the sharing of Bondeville, IL weather data by Andy VanLoocke from the Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program and by the US Department of Energy Office of Science contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 to Brookhaven National Laboratory. USDA and DOE are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-798X J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL JI Theor. Appl. Climatol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1-2 BP 247 EP 265 DI 10.1007/s00704-011-0518-5 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918RI UT WOS:000302267800019 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Lee, J Kitanidis, PK Parker, J Kim, U AF Liu, Xiaoyi Lee, Jonghyun Kitanidis, Peter K. Parker, Jack Kim, Ungtae TI Value of Information as a Context-Specific Measure of Uncertainty in Groundwater Remediation SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Groundwater remediation; Optimization; Value of information; Calibration; Uncertainty quantification ID SOURCE STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; PARTIAL MASS DEPLETION; DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION; AQUIFER REMEDIATION; EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; EXPECTED VALUE; MANAGEMENT; WORTH; MODEL AB The remediation of groundwater sites has been recognized as a difficult and expensive task for years. One of the challenges is that the success of remediation is usually contingent upon an appropriate level of characterization of the physical, chemical, and biological site properties. For example, thermal treatment cannot be economically applied if the location of a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source is unknown. Both characterization and remediation are expensive. Thus, efforts need to be prioritized and optimized taking effects of uncertainty into consideration. Traditional measures of uncertainty, such as variance and correlation coefficients, do not fully depict the significance of uncertainty. For example, a small error in a parameter to which performance is sensitive may affect the prospect for remediation success much more than a large error in a parameter that has minor influence. In this paper, we quantify uncertainty as the expected increase in the cost of achieving clean-up objectives that is associated with uncertainty in performance prediction models, i.e., the minimum expected cost attainable with the present state of uncertainty minus the expected cost achievable if uncertainty were fully or partially removed. This measure, a.k.a., the value of information (VOI), is context-specific, i.e., it is dependent on site conditions and remediation strategies as well as specific remediation objectives and unit costs. We consider clean-up objectives, cost formulations, and sensitivity of costs to uncertainty in parameters, measurements, and the model itself and seek to minimize expected cost under conditions of incomplete information. We present results from a synthetic case study of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) plume treatment. The results quantify the cost attributable to uncertainty, thus setting an upper limit on how much one should pay for characterization, and helping decision makers to decide whether the data should be collected or not. C1 [Liu, Xiaoyi; Lee, Jonghyun; Kitanidis, Peter K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Parker, Jack; Kim, Ungtae] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM XiaoyiLiu@lbl.gov RI Liu, Xiaoyi/F-7697-2011 OI Liu, Xiaoyi/0000-0001-6576-3461 FU U.S. Department of Defense [ER-1611] FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Environmental Restoration Focus Area managed by Andrea Leeson under project ER-1611 entitled "Practical Cost Optimization of Characterization and Remediation Decisions at DNAPL sites with Consideration of Prediction Uncertainty". NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4741 EI 1573-1650 J9 WATER RESOUR MANAG JI Water Resour. Manag. PD APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1513 EP 1535 DI 10.1007/s11269-011-9970-3 PG 23 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 918WW UT WOS:000302283200006 ER PT J AU Afonine, PV Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Echols, N Headd, JJ Moriarty, NW Mustyakimov, M Terwilliger, TC Urzhumtsev, A Zwart, PH Adams, PD AF Afonine, Pavel V. Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. Echols, Nathaniel Headd, Jeffrey J. Moriarty, Nigel W. Mustyakimov, Marat Terwilliger, Thomas C. Urzhumtsev, Alexandre Zwart, Peter H. Adams, Paul D. TI Towards automated crystallographic structure refinement with phenix.refine SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; REAL-SPACE REFINEMENT; ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; FREE R-VALUE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SUBATOMIC RESOLUTION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION AB phenix.refine is a program within the PHENIX package that supports crystallographic structure refinement against experimental data with a wide range of upper resolution limits using a large repertoire of model parameterizations. It has several automation features and is also highly flexible. Several hundred parameters enable extensive customizations for complex use cases. Multiple user-defined refinement strategies can be applied to specific parts of the model in a single refinement run. An intuitive graphical user interface is available to guide novice users and to assist advanced users in managing refinement projects. X-ray or neutron diffraction data can be used separately or jointly in refinement. phenix.refine is tightly integrated into the PHENIX suite, where it serves as a critical component in automated model building, final structure refinement, structure validation and deposition to the wwPDB. This paper presents an overview of the major phenix.refine features, with extensive literature references for readers interested in more detailed discussions of the methods. C1 [Afonine, Pavel V.; Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W.; Echols, Nathaniel; Headd, Jeffrey J.; Moriarty, Nigel W.; Zwart, Peter H.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mustyakimov, Marat; Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mustyakimov, Marat; Terwilliger, Thomas C.] CNRS INSERM UdS, IGBMC, F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. [Urzhumtsev, Alexandre] Univ Henri Poincare, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Afonine, PV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS64R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pafonine@lbl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIH [GM063210]; Phenix Industrial Consortium; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors would like to thank the NIH (grant GM063210 and its ARRA supplement) and the Phenix Industrial Consortium for support of the PHENIX project. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are grateful to all PHENIX developers and the user community for valuable discussions and testing of new features in PHENIX. NR 140 TC 874 Z9 879 U1 10 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 68 BP 352 EP 367 DI 10.1107/S0907444912001308 PN 4 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 916YF UT WOS:000302138400005 PM 22505256 ER PT J AU Headd, JJ Echols, N Afonine, PV Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Chen, VB Moriarty, NW Richardson, DC Richardson, JS Adams, PD AF Headd, Jeffrey J. Echols, Nathaniel Afonine, Pavel V. Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. Chen, Vincent B. Moriarty, Nigel W. Richardson, David C. Richardson, Jane S. Adams, Paul D. TI Use of knowledge-based restraints in phenix.refine to improve macromolecular refinement at low resolution SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID FREE R-VALUE; LEAST-SQUARES; STRUCTURE VALIDATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; NMR SYSTEM; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PROTEINS; DICTIONARY; MOLPROBITY; PARAMETERS AB Traditional methods for macromolecular refinement often have limited success at low resolution (3.0-3.5 angstrom or worse), producing models that score poorly on crystallographic and geometric validation criteria. To improve low-resolution refinement, knowledge from macromolecular chemistry and homology was used to add three new coordinate-restraint functions to the refinement program phenix.refine. Firstly, a 'reference-model' method uses an identical or homologous higher resolution model to add restraints on torsion angles to the geometric target function. Secondly, automatic restraints for common secondary-structure elements in proteins and nucleic acids were implemented that can help to preserve the secondary-structure geometry, which is often distorted at low resolution. Lastly, we have implemented Ramachandran-based restraints on the backbone torsion angles. In this method, a phi,psi term is added to the geometric target function to minimize a modified Ramachandran landscape that smoothly combines favorable peaks identified from nonredundant high-quality data with unfavorable peaks calculated using a clash-based pseudo-energy function. All three methods show improved MolProbity validation statistics, typically complemented by a lowered R-free and a decreased gap between R-work and R-free. C1 [Headd, Jeffrey J.; Echols, Nathaniel; Afonine, Pavel V.; Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W.; Moriarty, Nigel W.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chen, Vincent B.; Richardson, David C.; Richardson, Jane S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Headd, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jjheadd@lbl.gov RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIH [GM063210]; ARRA supplement; PHENIX Industrial Consortium; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Thanks to Bradley Hintze of Duke University for providing the pairs of identical low-resolution/high-resolution PDB pairs used for development and optimization of the reference-model torsion restraints. Thanks to Jeong Joo Kim and Choel Kim of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas and Peter Zwart of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for providing the structure factors and starting models for the cGMP-dependent protein kinase structure set. Thanks to Axel Brunger and Gunnar Schroder for providing the DEN test set to allow comparison testing. Finally, thanks to the entire PHENIX development team and Industrial Consortium for invaluable feedback and scientific discussions that led to the development of the tools described in this manuscript. Funding was provided by NIH grant No. GM063210 and its ARRA supplement and the PHENIX Industrial Consortium. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 48 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 68 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1107/S0907444911047834 PN 4 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 916YF UT WOS:000302138400007 PM 22505258 ER PT J AU Brunger, AT Das, D Deacon, AM Grant, J Terwilliger, TC Read, RJ Adams, PD Levitt, M Schroder, GF AF Brunger, Axel T. Das, Debanu Deacon, Ashley M. Grant, Joanna Terwilliger, Thomas C. Read, Randy J. Adams, Paul D. Levitt, Michael Schroeder, Gunnar F. TI Application of DEN refinement and automated model building to a difficult case of molecular-replacement phasing: the structure of a putative succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; SOFTWARE; SYSTEM; ALIGNMENT; DIFFRACTION; IMPROVEMENT; VALIDATION AB Phasing by molecular replacement remains difficult for targets that are far from the search model or in situations where the crystal diffracts only weakly or to low resolution. Here, the process of determining and refining the structure of Cgl1109, a putative succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum, at similar to 3 angstrom resolution is described using a combination of homology modeling with MODELLER, molecular-replacement phasing with Phaser, deformable elastic network (DEN) refinement and automated model building using AutoBuild in a semi-automated fashion, followed by final refinement cycles with phenix.refine and Coot. This difficult molecular-replacement case illustrates the power of including DEN restraints derived from a starting model to guide the movements of the model during refinement. The resulting improved model phases provide better starting points for automated model building and produce more significant difference peaks in anomalous difference Fourier maps to locate anomalous scatterers than does standard refinement. This example also illustrates a current limitation of automated procedures that require manual adjustment of local sequence misalignments between the homology model and the target sequence. C1 [Brunger, Axel T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Brunger, Axel T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Brunger, Axel T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Photon Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Brunger, Axel T.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. [Das, Debanu; Deacon, Ashley M.; Grant, Joanna] Joint Ctr Struct Genom, La Jolla, CA USA. [Das, Debanu; Deacon, Ashley M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Grant, Joanna] Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, Prot Sci Dept, La Jolla, CA USA. [Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Read, Randy J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Levitt, Michael] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Struct, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Schroeder, Gunnar F.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Complex Syst ICS 6, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu RI Levitt, Michael/E-4582-2012; Schroder, Gunnar/H-5261-2013; Read, Randy/L-1418-2013; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013; OI Levitt, Michael/0000-0002-8414-7397; Schroder, Gunnar/0000-0003-1803-5431; Read, Randy/0000-0001-8273-0047; Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219; Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 FU NIH, National Institutes of General Medical Sciences, Protein Structure Initiative [U54 GM094586, GM074898]; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health (National Center for Research Resources, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences); Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Wellcome Trust; NIH [GM063817]; US Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; NIH/NIGMS [1P01GM063210] FX Genomic DNA from C. glutamicum 534 (ATCC No. 13032D) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). We thank all members of the JCSG for their contribution to the development and operation of our HTP structural biology pipeline and for bioinformatics analysis, protein production and structure determination. The JCSG is supported by the NIH, National Institutes of General Medical Sciences, Protein Structure Initiative (U54 GM094586 and GM074898). Portions of this research were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The SSRL is a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and by the National Institutes of Health (National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences). ATB acknowledges funding by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. RJR is supported by the Wellcome Trust. ML acknowledges NIH grant GM063817. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and NIH/NIGMS grant 1P01GM063210 to PDA, RJR and TCT. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 68 BP 391 EP 403 DI 10.1107/S090744491104978X PN 4 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 916YF UT WOS:000302138400008 PM 22505259 ER PT J AU Van Berkel, GJ Kertesz, V AF Van Berkel, Gary J. Kertesz, Vilmos TI Utilizing the inherent electrolysis in a chip-based nanoelectrospray emitter system to facilitate selective ionization and mass spectrometric analysis of metallo alkylporphyrins SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Electrospray; Electrochemistry; Oxidation; Porphyrins; Gilsonite ID ELECTROSPRAY ION-SOURCE; CARBON-NUMBER GEOPORPHYRINS; PROTEIN-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-IONS; CYSTEINE RESIDUES; GILSONITE; NANOSPRAY; PETROPORPHYRINS; PORPHYRINS; SPECTRA AB A commercially available chip-based infusion nanoelectrospray ionization system was used to ionize metallo alkylporphyrins for mass spectrometric detection and structure elucidation by mass spectrometry. Different ionic forms of model compounds (nickel (II), vanadyl (II), copper (II), and cobalt (II) octaethylporphyrin) were created by using two different types of conductive pipette tips supplied with the device. These pipette tips provide the conductive contact to solution at which the electrolysis process inherent to electrospray takes places in the device. The original unmodified, bare carbon-impregnated plastic pipette tips were exploited to intentionally electrochemically oxidize (ionize) the porphyrins to form molecular radical cations for detection. Use of modified pipette tips, with a surface coating devised to inhibit analyte mass transport to the surface or slow the kinetics of the analyte electrochemical reactions, was shown to limit the ionic species observed in the mass spectra of these porphyrins largely, but not exclusively, to the protonated molecule. Under the conditions of these experiments, the effective upper potential limit for oxidation with the uncoated pipette tip was 1.1 V or less, and the coated pipette tips effectively prevented the oxidation of analytes with redox potentials greater than about 0.25 V. Product ion spectra of either molecular ionic species could be used to determine the alkyl chain length on the porphyrin macrocycle. The utility of this electrochemical ionization approach for the analysis of naturally occurring samples was demonstrated using nickel geoporphyrin fractions isolated from Gilsonite bitumen. Acquiring neutral loss spectra as a means to improve the specificity of detection in these complex natural samples was also illustrated. C1 [Van Berkel, Gary J.; Kertesz, Vilmos] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgj@ornl.gov RI Kertesz, Vilmos/M-8357-2016 OI Kertesz, Vilmos/0000-0003-0186-5797 FU U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; ORNL FX This manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. Published in the special paper collection; The authors thank Dr. J. Martin E. Quirke (Florida International University) for the nickel porphyrin fractions isolated from Gilsonite. V. K. acknowledges the support of the Bolyai Janos Research Award from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with ORNL, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 403 IS 2 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5676-x PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 918NM UT WOS:000302256800002 PM 22274282 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JN Yu, YJ Miller, MW Wilson, TS Hartman, J Clubb, FJ Gentry, B Maitland, DJ AF Rodriguez, Jennifer N. Yu, Ya-Jen Miller, Matthew W. Wilson, Thomas S. Hartman, Jonathan Clubb, Fred J. Gentry, Brandon Maitland, Duncan J. TI Opacification of Shape Memory Polymer Foam Designed for Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Radio-opacity; Aneurysm; Coils; Shape memory polymer; Fluoroscopy ID GUGLIELMI DETACHABLE COILS; WORK-IN-PROGRESS; CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS; ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MEDICAL APPLICATIONS; SACCULAR ANEURYSMS; POLYURETHANE FOAM; EMBOLIZATION AB Shape memory polymer (SMP) foam possesses structural and mechanical characteristics that make them very promising as an alternative treatment for intracranial aneurysms. Our SMP foams have low densities, with porosities as high as 98.8%; favorable for catheter delivery and aneurysm filling, but unfavorable for attenuating X-rays. This lack of contrast impedes the progression of this material becoming a viable medical device. This paper reports on increasing radio-opacity by incorporating a high-Z element, tungsten particulate filler to attenuate X-rays, while conserving similar physical properties of the original non-opacified SMP foams. The minimal amount of tungsten for visibility was determined and subsequently incorporated into SMP foams, which were then fabricated into samples of increasing thicknesses. These samples were imaged through a pig's skull to demonstrate radio-opacity in situ. Quantification of the increase in image contrast was performed via image processing methods and standard curves were made for varying concentrations of tungsten doped solid and foam SMP. 4% by volume loading of tungsten incorporated into our SMP foams has proven to be an effective method for improving radio-opacity of this material while maintaining the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the original formulation. C1 [Rodriguez, Jennifer N.; Yu, Ya-Jen; Gentry, Brandon; Maitland, Duncan J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Zachry Engn Ctr 337, MS 3120, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Miller, Matthew W.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas Inst Preclin Studies, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Clubb, Fred J.] Texas A&M Univ, Cardiovasc Pathol Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wilson, Thomas S.; Maitland, Duncan J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hartman, Jonathan] Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA. RP Maitland, DJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Zachry Engn Ctr 337, MS 3120, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM djmaitland@tamu.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [R01EB000462] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Grant R01EB000462. We would like to thank Amanda Connor, Josh Bergerson, Casey McCurrin, Stephen Darrouzet, Brent Volk and Keith Hearon for their technical support on this research. NR 48 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-6964 EI 1573-9686 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 883 EP 897 DI 10.1007/s10439-011-0468-1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 916JH UT WOS:000302097600013 PM 22101759 ER PT J AU Schonenberger, J von Balthazar, M Takahashi, M Xiao, XH Crane, PR Herendeen, PS AF Schoenenberger, Juerg von Balthazar, Maria Takahashi, Masamichi Xiao, Xianghui Crane, Peter R. Herendeen, Patrick S. TI Glandulocalyx upatoiensis, a fossil flower of Ericales (Actinidiaceae/Clethraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of Georgia, USA SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Actinidiaceae; Clethraceae; Ericales; flowers; fossils; Glandulocalyx upatoiensis; Late Cretaceous; Santonian ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; FLORAL STRUCTURE; SOUTHERN SWEDEN; ORDER ERICALES; SP NOV.; EVOLUTION; POLLEN; DIVERSIFICATION; ANGIOSPERMS; SEQUENCES AB Ericales are a major group of extant asterid angiosperms that are well represented in the Late Cretaceous fossil record, mainly by flowers, fruits and seeds. Exceptionally well preserved fossil flowers, here described as Glandulocalyx upatoiensis gen. sp. nov., from the Santonian of Georgia, USA, yield new detailed evidence of floral structure in one of these early members of Ericales and provide a secure basis for comparison with extant taxa. The floral structure of several fossil specimens was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy of microtome thin sections and synchrotron-radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM). For direct comparisons with flowers of extant Ericales, selected floral features of Actinidiaceae and Clethraceae were studied with SEM. Flowers of G. upatoiensis have five sepals with quincuncial aestivation, five free petals with quincuncial aestivation, 2028 stamens arranged in a single series, extrorse anther orientation in the bud, ventral anther attachment and a tricarpellate, syncarpous ovary with three free styles and numerous small ovules on axile, protruding-diffuse and pendant placentae. The calyx is characterized by a conspicuous indumentum of large, densely arranged, multicellular and possibly glandular trichomes. Comparison with extant taxa provides clear evidence for a relationship with core Ericales comprised of the extant families Actinidiaceae, Roridulaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae and Ericaceae. Within this group, the most marked similarities are with extant Actinidiaceae and, to a lesser degree, with Clethraceae. More detailed analyses of the relationships of Glandulocalyx and other Ericales from the Late Cretaceous will require an improved understanding of the morphological features that diagnose particular extant groups defined on the basis of molecular data. C1 [Schoenenberger, Juerg] Univ Vienna, Fac Ctr Biodivers, Dept Struct & Funct Bot, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [von Balthazar, Maria] Univ Vienna, Fac Ctr Biodivers, Dept Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Takahashi, Masamichi] Niigata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Nishi Ku, Ikarashi, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Xiao, Xianghui] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Crane, Peter R.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Herendeen, Patrick S.] Chicago Bot Garden, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA. RP Schonenberger, J (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Fac Ctr Biodivers, Dept Struct & Funct Bot, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM juerg.schoenenberger@univie.ac.at RI Schonenberger, Jurg/D-3413-2014; OI Schonenberger, Jurg/0000-0001-6791-2731; Crane, Peter/0000-0003-4331-6948 FU US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan [18570083]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [S-97128, S-98106]; National Science Foundation [EAR-9614672]; World Class University of the National Research Foundation of Korea [R33-10089] FX P.R.C. and P.S.H. thank Andrew Drinnan, Jennifer Keller, Hallie Sims and Richard Lupia for help with fieldwork. John Brent, Fort Benning Military Reservation, provided access to the localities on Upatoi Creek and assisted with fieldwork. We are grateful to Kentaro Uesugi for assistance with the tomographic study at SPring-8. We used the X-ray micro-CT system at BL20B2 in SPring-8 with the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (proposal 2008A1027). Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Nobuhito Nango and Kazutaka Nomura (Ratoc System Engineering) for their technical support in three-dimensional reconstruction software. We are grateful to Susanne Sontag and Susanne Pamperl for SEM preparations of extant floral material and help with graphics at the University of Vienna. We thank Peter K. Endress and an anonymous colleague for critically reviewing the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant-in-aid (18570083) from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan to M. T. This work was initiated with support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (S-97128, S-98106) and the National Science Foundation (EAR-9614672) to P. R. C., and completed, in part, with financial support from the World Class University program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (R33-10089). NR 67 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD APR PY 2012 VL 109 IS 5 BP 921 EP 936 DI 10.1093/aob/mcs009 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 914SH UT WOS:000301971900010 PM 22442339 ER PT J AU Jones, RW Reinot, T Frei, UK Tseng, Y Lubberstedt, T McClelland, JF AF Jones, Roger W. Reinot, Tonu Frei, Ursula K. Tseng, Yichia Luebberstedt, Thomas McClelland, John F. TI Selection of Haploid Maize Kernels from Hybrid Kernels for Plant Breeding Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and SIMCA Analysis SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR spectroscopy; Corn; Maize; Haploid selection; Partial least squares; PLS; Single kernel analysis; Soft independent modeling of class analogy; SIMCA ID SINGLE CORN KERNELS; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSMITTANCE; OIL; SPECTRA AB Samples of haploid and hybrid seed from three different maize donor genotypes after maternal haploid induction were used to test the capability of automated near-infrared transmission spectroscopy to individually differentiate haploid from hybrid seeds. Using a two-step chemometric analysis in which the seeds were first classified according to genotype and then the haploid or hybrid status was determined proved to be the most successful approach. This approach allowed 11 of 13 haploid and 25 of 25 hybrid kernels to he correctly identified from a mixture that included seeds of all the genotypes. C1 [Jones, Roger W.; Reinot, Tonu; McClelland, John F.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Frei, Ursula K.; Tseng, Yichia; Luebberstedt, Thomas] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jones, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jonesrw@ameslab.gov FU Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute; Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This research was supported by an Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Trans-disciplinary Innovative Research Grant. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 19 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 66 IS 4 BP 447 EP 450 DI 10.1366/11-06426 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 911YK UT WOS:000301760400006 PM 22449327 ER PT J AU Jones, CA Grasley, ZC Ohlhausen, JA AF Jones, Christopher A. Grasley, Zachary C. Ohlhausen, James A. TI Measurement of elastic properties of calcium silicate hydrate with atomic force microscopy SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE Contact mechanics; AFM; Atomic force microscopy; Nanoindentation ID C-S-H; HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE; PORTLAND-CEMENT PASTE; INDENTATION EXPERIMENTS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COLLOID MODEL; NANOINDENTATION; CONTACT; ADHESION; DEFORMATION AB Atomic force microscopy (AFM) based indentation is compared to conventional nanoindentation for measuring mechanical properties of cement pastes. In evaluating AFM as a mechanical characterization tool, various analytical and numerical modeling approaches are compared. The disparities between the numerical self-consistent approach and analytical solutions are determined and reported. The measured elastic Young's modulus determined from AFM indentation tests are compared to elastic Young's modulus determined from nanoindentation tests of cement paste. These results indicate that the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase of hydrated Portland cement has different properties on the different length scales probed by AFM versus nanoindenters. Packing density of C-S-H particles is proposed as an explanation for the disparity in the measured results. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Christopher A.; Grasley, Zachary C.] Texas A&M Univ, Zachly Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Ohlhausen, James A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Grasley, ZC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Zachly Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM cajone@sandia.gov; zgrasley@civil.tamu.edu; jaohlha@sandia.gov FU National Science Foundation CAREER [CMMI-0843979]; Lockheed Martin Corporation; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER Award Program under Grant Number CMMI-0843979. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.; Sandia National Laboratories is a multi program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-9465 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP JI Cem. Concr. Compos. PD APR PY 2012 VL 34 IS 4 BP 468 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.11.008 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 913KG UT WOS:000301875900005 ER PT J AU Seu, CS Appel, AM Doud, MD DuBois, DL Kubiak, CP AF Seu, Candace S. Appel, Aaron M. Doud, Michael D. DuBois, Daniel L. Kubiak, Clifford P. TI Formate oxidation via beta-deprotonation in [Ni((P2N2R ')-N-R)(2)(CH3CN)](2+) complexes SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; FORMIC-ACID; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DEHYDROGENASE-H; CO2 REDUCTION; MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS; MOLECULAR CATALYSTS; HYDRIDE ELIMINATION; ALKOXIDE COMPLEXES AB Recent studies from our laboratories have shown that the [Ni((P2N2R')-N-R)(2)(CH3CN)](2+) complexes originally developed as artificial hydrogenases are also active electrocatalysts for formate oxidation (TOF similar to 16 s(-1)). The focus of the current work is to develop a detailed understanding of the catalytic mechanism, which would aid in the design of improved catalysts for the interconversion of CO2 and formate. Based on electrochemical and spectroscopic experiments, including data for a new [Ni((P2N2PhOMe)-N-Cy)(2)(CH3CN)](2+) complex, we propose a mechanism in which the rate-determining step is a proton transfer from the Ni-O2CH beta-H to the ligand pendant base coupled with a 2e(-) transfer to Ni(II), circumventing direct hydride transfer to the metal. C1 [Seu, Candace S.; Doud, Michael D.; Kubiak, Clifford P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Appel, Aaron M.; DuBois, Daniel L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Seu, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. EM aaron.appel@pnnl.gov; ckubiak@ucsd.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the MURI program (AFOSR) [FA9550-10-1-0572]; National Science Foundation [DGE0707423, CHE-0741968]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences FX C. S. S., M. D. D., and C. P. K. gratefully acknowledge the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub that is supported through the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy for funding the mechanistic studies, and a grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the MURI program (AFOSR Award No. FA9550-10-1-0572) for funding synthetic studies. C. S. S. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation via a Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. DGE0707423) as well as via (CHE-0741968). A. M. A. and D. L. D. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle. C. S. S. wishes to thank A. R. Rheingold, B. R. Galan, S. D. Glover, K. A. Grice, B. Kumar, and E. E. Benson for helpful discussions on electrochemistry and crystallography. NR 68 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 47 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 6480 EP 6490 DI 10.1039/c2ee03341k PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 914WQ UT WOS:000301984200026 ER PT J AU Rosch, R Tanenbaum, DM Jorgensen, M Seeland, M Barenklau, M Hermenau, M Voroshazi, E Lloyd, MT Galagan, Y Zimmermann, B Wurfel, U Hosel, M Dam, HF Gevorgyan, SA Kudret, S Maes, W Lutsen, L Vanderzande, D Andriessen, R Teran-Escobar, G Lira-Cantu, M Rivaton, A Uzunoglu, GY Germack, D Andreasen, B Madsen, MV Norrman, K Hoppe, H Krebs, FC AF Roesch, Roland Tanenbaum, David M. Jorgensen, Mikkel Seeland, Marco Baerenklau, Maik Hermenau, Martin Voroshazi, Eszter Lloyd, Matthew T. Galagan, Yulia Zimmermann, Birger Wuerfel, Uli Hoesel, Markus Dam, Henrik F. Gevorgyan, Suren A. Kudret, Suleyman Maes, Wouter Lutsen, Laurence Vanderzande, Dirk Andriessen, Ronn Teran-Escobar, Gerardo Lira-Cantu, Monica Rivaton, Agnes Uzunoglu, Gulsah Y. Germack, David Andreasen, Birgitta Madsen, Morten V. Norrman, Kion Hoppe, Harald Krebs, Frederik C. TI Investigation of the degradation mechanisms of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices by combination of imaging techniques-the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY; STABILITY AB The investigation of degradation of seven distinct sets (with a number of individual cells of n >= 12) of state of the art organic photovoltaic devices prepared by leading research laboratories with a combination of imaging methods is reported. All devices have been shipped to and degraded at Riso DTU up to 1830 hours in accordance with established ISOS-3 protocols under defined illumination conditions. Imaging of device function at different stages of degradation was performed by laser-beam induced current (LBIC) scanning; luminescence imaging, specifically photoluminescence (PLI) and electroluminescence (ELI); as well as by lock-in thermography (LIT). Each of the imaging techniques exhibits its specific advantages with respect to sensing certain degradation features, which will be compared and discussed here in detail. As a consequence, a combination of several imaging techniques yields very conclusive information about the degradation processes controlling device function. The large variety of device architectures in turn enables valuable progress in the proper interpretation of imaging results-hence revealing the benefits of this large scale cooperation in making a step forward in the understanding of organic solar cell aging and its interpretation by state-of-the-art imaging methods. C1 [Roesch, Roland; Seeland, Marco; Baerenklau, Maik; Hoppe, Harald] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany. [Tanenbaum, David M.; Jorgensen, Mikkel; Hoesel, Markus; Dam, Henrik F.; Gevorgyan, Suren A.; Andreasen, Birgitta; Madsen, Morten V.; Norrman, Kion; Krebs, Frederik C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Energy Convers & Storage, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Tanenbaum, David M.] Pomona Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Hermenau, Martin] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Angew Photophys, Arbeitsgrp Organ Solarzellen OSOL, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Voroshazi, Eszter] Imec, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Voroshazi, Eszter] Katholieke Univ Leuven, ESAT, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Lloyd, Matthew T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Galagan, Yulia] Holst Ctr, NL-5656 AE Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Zimmermann, Birger; Wuerfel, Uli] Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst ISE, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany. [Kudret, Suleyman; Maes, Wouter; Vanderzande, Dirk] Hasselt Univ, WET OBPC, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Lutsen, Laurence] IMEC, IMOMEC Associated Lab, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Teran-Escobar, Gerardo; Lira-Cantu, Monica] CSIC, CIN2, Lab Nanostruct Mat Photovolta Energy, ETSE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [Rivaton, Agnes] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Univ Clermont Ferrand 2, Lab Photochim Mol & Macromol LPMM, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Rivaton, Agnes] CNRS, LPMM, UMR6505, F-63177 Aubiere, France. [Uzunoglu, Gulsah Y.] TUBITAK Natl Metrol Inst UME, Photon & Elect Sensors Lab, TR-41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey. [Germack, David] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rosch, R (reprint author), Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, Weimarer Str 32, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany. EM harald.hoppe@tu-ilmenau.de RI Seeland, Marco/H-1028-2011; Hoppe, Harald/P-5293-2014; Vanderzande, Dirk JM/C-4757-2015; Norrman, Kion/E-8403-2015; Andreasen, Birgitta/J-8101-2015; Maes, Wouter/A-7575-2009; OI Norrman, Kion/0000-0001-9355-7569; Andreasen, Birgitta/0000-0002-3778-4035; Maes, Wouter/0000-0001-7883-3393; Hosel, Markus/0000-0001-7731-1964; Gevorgyan, Suren/0000-0001-9906-5485; Lira-Cantu, Monica/0000-0002-3393-7436; Jorgensen, Mikkel/0000-0002-7729-1497; Krebs, Frederik C/0000-0003-1148-4314 FU Thuringian Ministry of Culture; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [13N9843]; Danish Strategic Research Council [2104-07-0022]; EUDP [64009-0050]; Danish National Research Foundation; European Commission [248678, 261936, 288565]; PVERA-NET; CONACYT (Mexico); Inger and Jens Bruun Foundation through The American-Scandinavian Foundation FX RR, MS, MB and HH are grateful for financial support from the Thuringian Ministry of Culture and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research in the frameworks of FIPV II and PPP (contract number 13N9843), respectively. This work has been supported by the Danish Strategic Research Council (2104-07-0022), EUDP (j.no. 64009-0050) and the Danish National Research Foundation. Partial financial support was also received from the European Commission as part of the Framework 7 ICT 2009 collaborative project HIFLEX (grant no. 248678), partial financial support from the EUIndian framework of the "Largecells" project that received funding from the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013. grant no. 261936), partial financial support was also received from the European Commission as part of the Framework 7 ICT 2009 collaborative project ROTROT (grant no. 288565) and from PVERA-NET (project acronym POLYSTAR). To the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN-FEDER project ENE2008-04373, to the Consolider NANOSELECT project CSD2007-00041, to the Xarxa de Referencia en Materials Avancats per a l'Energia, XaRMAE of the Catalonia Government (Spain). To CONACYT (Mexico) for the PhD scholarship awarded to GT-E. DMT acknowledges support from the Inger and Jens Bruun Foundation through The American-Scandinavian Foundation. NR 39 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 9 U2 102 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 6521 EP 6540 DI 10.1039/c2ee03508a PG 20 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 914WQ UT WOS:000301984200031 ER PT J AU Sheng, F Liu, HH Zhang, RD Wang, K AF Sheng, Feng Liu, Huihai Zhang, Renduo Wang, Kang TI Determining the active region model parameter from dye staining experiments for characterizing the preferential flow heterogeneity in unsaturated soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Active region model; Preferential flow; Heterogeneity; Dye staining experiment; Constitutive relation ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; VADOSE ZONE; FIELD SOIL; CLAY SOIL; WATER; IRRIGATION; MOVEMENT; TRACERS AB The active region model (ARM) has been developed as a practical and effective approach for characterizing and representing preferential flow patterns in unsaturated soils. However, studies on methods to determine the ARM parameter (gamma) are very limited. The major objective of this work was to refine the methods for determining the ARM parameter (gamma) using the data from field-scale dye staining experiments. For this purpose, 13 field-scale dye staining experiments were conducted in silty clay, loam and sand with various initial and boundary conditions. The distributions of soil water content and fraction of stained region were measured to determine the ARM parameter (gamma). Three determination methods of ARM parameter (gamma) were presented according to the different distribution patterns of the soil water content of stained region. The efficiency of these approaches was demonstrated with the results from 13 field-scale dye staining tests that were directly related to preferential flow patterns. Impacts of soil texture on soil water redistribution, and effects of initial soil water content and infiltration amount on the preferential flow heterogeneity were also discussed in this research. C1 [Sheng, Feng] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Huihai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Renduo] Sun Yat Sen Zhongshan Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Kang] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. RP Sheng, F (reprint author), Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM shengf.china@gmail.com; hhliu@lbl.gov; zhangrd@mail.sysu.edu.cn; wwangkang@163.com FU Excellent Youth Foundation of Education Department of Hunan Province, China [10B006] FX This research was financially supported in part by grants of the Excellent Youth Foundation of Education Department of Hunan Province, China (No. 10B006). NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 65 IS 7 BP 1977 EP 1985 DI 10.1007/s12665-011-1178-6 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 909FC UT WOS:000301547000005 ER PT J AU Brady, JW Tavagnacco, L Ehrlich, L Chen, M Schnupf, U Himmel, ME Saboungi, ML Cesaro, A AF Brady, John W. Tavagnacco, Letizia Ehrlich, Laurent Chen, Mo Schnupf, Udo Himmel, Michael E. Saboungi, Marie-Louise Cesaro, Attilio TI Weakly hydrated surfaces and the binding interactions of small biological solutes SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Hydrophobic hydration; Molecular dynamics; Molecular aggregation; Serotonin ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LIQUID WATER; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CRYSTAL; AGGREGATION; DIFFRACTION; MECHANISMS; SUBSTRATE; CAFFEINE; BENZENE AB Extended planar hydrophobic surfaces, such as are found in the side chains of the amino acids histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, exhibit an affinity for the weakly hydrated faces of glucopyranose. In addition, molecular species such as these, including indole, caffeine, and imidazole, exhibit a weak tendency to pair together by hydrophobic stacking in aqueous solution. These interactions can be partially understood in terms of recent models for the hydration of extended hydrophobic faces and should provide insight into the architecture of sugar-binding sites in proteins. C1 [Brady, John W.; Ehrlich, Laurent; Chen, Mo; Schnupf, Udo] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tavagnacco, Letizia; Cesaro, Attilio] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, Trieste, Italy. [Himmel, Michael E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Saboungi, Marie-Louise] Ctr Rech Matiere Divisee, F-45071 Orleans, France. RP Brady, JW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jwb7@cornell.edu RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; Schnupf, Udo/H-4703-2016; OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Schnupf, Udo/0000-0002-1457-1985; Tavagnacco, Letizia/0000-0002-3492-7766 FU National Institutes of Health [GM63018]; DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center FX The authors thank J. Wohlert, P. E. Mason, and D. B. Wilson for helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center, and by grant GM63018 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 EI 1432-1017 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 SI SI BP 369 EP 377 DI 10.1007/s00249-011-0776-2 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 915ZL UT WOS:000302066100003 PM 22124617 ER PT J AU Weber, RJK Benmore, CJ Tumber, SK Tailor, AN Rey, CA Taylor, LS Byrn, SR AF Weber, Richard J. K. Benmore, Chris J. Tumber, Sonia K. Tailor, Amit N. Rey, Charles A. Taylor, Lynne S. Byrn, Stephen R. TI Acoustic levitation: recent developments and emerging opportunities in biomaterials research SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Amorphous; Glass; Containerless processing; Pharmaceutical; API ID CRYSTALLIZATION; AMORPHIZATION; DROPLETS; DROPS AB Containerless sample environments (levitation) are useful for study of nucleation, supercooling, and vitrification and for synthesis of new materials, often with non-equilibrium structures. Elimination of extrinsic nucleation by container walls extends access to supercooled and supersaturated liquids under high-purity conditions. Acoustic levitation is well suited to the study of liquids including aqueous solutions, organics, soft materials, polymers, and pharmaceuticals at around room temperature. This article briefly reviews recent developments and applications of acoustic levitation in materials R&D. Examples of experiments yielding amorphous pharmaceutical materials are presented. The implementation and results of experiments on supercooled and supersaturated liquids using an acoustic levitator at a high-energy X-ray beamline are described. C1 [Weber, Richard J. K.; Tumber, Sonia K.; Tailor, Amit N.] Mat Dev Inc, Arlington Hts, IL 60004 USA. [Weber, Richard J. K.; Benmore, Chris J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rey, Charles A.] Charles Rey Inc, Lake Zurich, IL 60047 USA. [Taylor, Lynne S.; Byrn, Stephen R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Ind & Phys Pharm, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Weber, RJK (reprint author), Mat Dev Inc, Arlington Hts, IL 60004 USA. EM rweber@anl.gov OI Taylor, Lynne /0000-0002-4568-6021; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 FU US DOE, at Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the US DOE, at Argonne National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Dr Louis Hennet at CNRS-Orleans and Le Studium for travel assistance to participate in Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics: New Trends in Biophysical Approaches, Feb. 14-15, 2011, Orleans, France. NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 SI SI BP 397 EP 403 DI 10.1007/s00249-011-0767-3 PG 7 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 915ZL UT WOS:000302066100005 PM 22038123 ER PT J AU Kimelman, A Levy, A Sberro, H Kidron, S Leavitt, A Amitai, G Yoder-Himes, DR Wurtzel, O Zhu, YW Rubin, EM Sorek, R AF Kimelman, Aya Levy, Asaf Sberro, Hila Kidron, Shahar Leavitt, Azita Amitai, Gil Yoder-Himes, Deborah R. Wurtzel, Omri Zhu, Yiwen Rubin, Edward M. Sorek, Rotem TI A vast collection of microbial genes that are toxic to bacteria SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROVIDES ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; MEDIATED CELL-DEATH; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNAA PROTEIN; REPLICATION INITIATION; ANTITOXIN LOCI; SYSTEM; GENOMES; ARCHAEA; PROKARYOTES AB In the process of clone-based genome sequencing, initial assemblies frequently contain cloning gaps that can be resolved using cloning-independent methods, but the reason for their occurrence is largely unknown. By analyzing 9,328,693 sequencing clones from 393 microbial genomes, we systematically mapped more than 15,000 genes residing in cloning gaps and experimentally showed that their expression products are toxic to the Escherichia coli host. A subset of these toxic sequences was further evaluated through a series of functional assays exploring the mechanisms of their toxicity. Among these genes, our assays revealed novel toxins and restriction enzymes, and new classes of small, non-coding toxic RNAs that reproducibly inhibit E. coli growth. Further analyses also revealed abundant, short, toxic DNA fragments that were predicted to suppress E. coli growth by interacting with the replication initiator DnaA. Our results show that cloning gaps, once considered the result of technical problems, actually serve as a rich source for the discovery of biotechnologically valuable functions, and suggest new modes of antimicrobial interventions. C1 [Kimelman, Aya; Levy, Asaf; Sberro, Hila; Kidron, Shahar; Leavitt, Azita; Amitai, Gil; Wurtzel, Omri; Sorek, Rotem] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Yoder-Himes, Deborah R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Zhu, Yiwen; Rubin, Edward M.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Zhu, Yiwen; Rubin, Edward M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sorek, R (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM rotem.sorek@weizmann.ac.il FU NIH [R01AI082376-01]; ISF-FIRST [1615/09]; ERC-StG; EMBO-YIP; Azrieli Foundation FX We thank Uri Gophna, Zohar Biron-Sorek, Shany Doron, Eran Mick, Adi Stern, Sarah Melamed, and Tal Dagan for stimulating discussions; R. Roberts for information on restriction enzymes and predicted sites; Malka Cymbalista and Shlomit Afgin for web interface design and implementation; and J.M. Tiedje for sharing Burkholderia materials. R.S. was supported by the NIH R01AI082376-01, ISF-FIRST program (grant 1615/09), ERC-StG, and the EMBO-YIP program. O.W. and A. Levy are grateful to the Azrieli Foundation for the award of an Azrieli Fellowship. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 14 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 802 EP 809 DI 10.1101/gr.133850.111 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 917UJ UT WOS:000302203800020 PM 22300632 ER PT J AU Barabanova, T Wiley, AL Bushmanov, A AF Barabanova, Tatyana Wiley, Albert L. Bushmanov, Andrey TI DOSE-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF ACUTE MEDICAL EFFECTS OF MIXED NEUTRON-GAMMA RADIATION FROM SELECTED SEVERE U-235 OR Pu-239 CRITICALITY ACCIDENTS IN USSR, UNITED STATES, AND ARGENTINA SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE accident analysis; dose; health effects; radiation damage AB Eight of the most severe cases of acute radiation disease (ARS) known to have occurred in humans (as the result of criticality accidents) had survival times less than 120 h (herein defined as "early death"). These accidents were analyzed and are discussed with respect to the specific accident scenarios and the resulting accident-specific, mixed neutron-gamma radiation clinical dose distributions. This analysis concludes that the cardiovascular system appears to be the most critical organ system failure for causing "early death" following approximate total body, mixed gamma-neutron radiation doses greater than 40-50 Gy. The clinical data also suggest that there was definite chest dose dependence in the resulting survival times for these eight workers, who unfortunately suffered profound radiation injury and unusual clinical effects from such high dose radiation exposures. In addition, "toxemic syndrome" is correlated with the irradiation of large volumes of soft tissues. Doses to the hands or legs greater than 80-100 Gy or radiation lung injury also play significant but secondary roles in causing "early death" in accidents delivering chest doses greater than 50 Gy. Health Phys. 102(4):391-399; 2012 C1 [Wiley, Albert L.] ORAU, Radiat Emergency Assistance Ctr Training Site REA, ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Barabanova, Tatyana; Bushmanov, Andrey] Fed Med Biol Agcy FMBC FMBA, Burnasyan Fed Med Biophys Ctr, Moscow, Russia. RP Wiley, AL (reprint author), REAC TS, Box 117,MS 39, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM albert.wiley@orise.orau.gov OI Bushmanov, Andrey/0000-0003-1565-4560 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AE05-06OR23100]; Oak Ridge Associated Universities [DE-AE05-06OR23100]; DOE [NNSA-NA42] FX This document was produced with funds from contract number DE-AE05-06OR23100 between the U.S. Department of Energy and Oak Ridge Associated Universities and by DOE (NNSA-NA42). The Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, and the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge, TN, are both collaborating centers for the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network (REMPAN). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 4 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31823b4b78 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 906NT UT WOS:000301353000004 PM 22378200 ER PT J AU Watson, DJ Strom, DJ AF Watson, David J. Strom, Daniel J. TI RADIOCHEMISTRY AND MEASUREMENT OF (226)RA IN HUMAN BONE RESPONSE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 [Watson, David J.; Strom, Daniel J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Watson, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD APR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 4 BP 469 EP 469 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3182438ca8 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 906NT UT WOS:000301353000016 ER PT J AU Miller, NC Quenee, LE Elli, D Ciletti, NA Schneewind, O AF Miller, Nathan C. Quenee, Lauriane E. Elli, Derek Ciletti, Nancy A. Schneewind, Olaf TI Polymorphisms in the lcrV Gene of Yersinia enterocolitica and Their Effect on Plague Protective Immunity SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ANTIGEN FUSION PEPTIDE; RECOMBINANT V-ANTIGEN; TARGET-CELL CONTACT; III SECRETION; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; BUBONIC PLAGUE; LOW-CA2+ RESPONSE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PASSIVE-IMMUNITY AB Current efforts to develop plague vaccines focus on LcrV, a polypeptide that resides at the tip of type III secretion needles. LcrV-specific antibodies block Yersinia pestis type III injection of Yop effectors into host immune cells, thereby enabling phagocytes to kill the invading pathogen. Earlier work reported that antibodies against Y. pestis LcrV cannot block type III injection by Yersinia enterocolitica strains and suggested that lcrV polymorphisms may provide for escape from LcrV-mediated plague immunity. We show here that polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies raised against Y. pestis KIM D27 LcrV (LcrV(D27)) bind LcrV from Y. enterocolitica O:9 strain W22703 (LcrV(W22703)) or O: 8 strain WA-314 (LcrV(WA-314)) but are otherwise unable to block type III injection by Y. enterocolitica strains. Replacing the lcrV gene on the pCD1 virulence plasmid of Y. pestis KIM D27 with either lcrV(W22703) or lcrV(WA-314) does not affect the ability of plague bacteria to secrete proteins via the type III pathway, to inject Yops into macrophages, or to cause lethal plague infections in mice. LcrV(D27)-specific antibodies blocked type III injection by Y. pestis expressing lcrV(W22703) or lcrV(WA-314) and protected mice against intravenous lethal plague challenge with these strains. Thus, although antibodies raised against LcrV(D27) are unable to block the type III injection of Y. enterocolitica strains, expression of lcrV(W22703) or lcrV(WA-314) in Y. pestis did not allow these strains to escape LcrV-mediated plague protective immunity in the intravenous challenge model. C1 [Schneewind, Olaf] Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Schneewind, O (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM oschnee@bsd.uchicago.edu FU Region V "Great Lakes" Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense; NIH/NIAID [U01-AI070559]; Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium [1-U54-AI-057153] FX The authors acknowledge membership within and support from the Region V "Great Lakes" Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH award 1-U54-AI-057153). This study supported in part by the NIH/NIAID Challenge Award U01-AI070559 "LcrV Plague Vaccine with Altered Immune Modulatory Properties." NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 80 IS 4 BP 1572 EP 1582 DI 10.1128/IAI.05637-11 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 914EL UT WOS:000301931900029 PM 22252870 ER PT J AU Graham, DE Wallenstein, MD Vishnivetskaya, TA Waldrop, MP Phelps, TJ Pfiffner, SM Onstott, TC Whyte, LG Rivkina, EM Gilichinsky, DA Elias, DA Mackelprang, R VerBerkmoes, NC Hettich, RL Wagner, D Wullschleger, SD Jansson, JK AF Graham, David E. Wallenstein, Matthew D. Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A. Waldrop, Mark P. Phelps, Tommy J. Pfiffner, Susan M. Onstott, Tullis C. Whyte, Lyle G. Rivkina, Elizaveta M. Gilichinsky, David A. Elias, Dwayne A. Mackelprang, Rachel VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. Hettich, Robert L. Wagner, Dirk Wullschleger, Stan D. Jansson, Janet K. TI Microbes in thawing permafrost: the unknown variable in the climate change equation SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARBON; COMMUNITY C1 [Graham, David E.; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.; Phelps, Tommy J.; Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Waldrop, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, Geol Discipline, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Onstott, Tullis C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Whyte, Lyle G.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Rivkina, Elizaveta M.; Gilichinsky, David A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Physicochem & Biol Problems Soil Sci, Soil Cryol Lab, Pushchino 142292, Russia. [Mackelprang, Rachel; Jansson, Janet K.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Mackelprang, Rachel] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. [VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Wagner, Dirk] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Res Unit Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. [Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jansson, Janet K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jansson, Janet K.] DoE Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Wallenstein, Matthew D.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.; Pfiffner, Susan M.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Graham, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM grahamde@ornl.gov RI Wallenstein, Matthew/C-6441-2008; Wagner, Dirk/C-3932-2012; Graham, David/F-8578-2010; Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/A-4488-2008; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016; Rivkina, Elizaveta/O-5344-2014; OI Wallenstein, Matthew/0000-0002-6219-1442; Wagner, Dirk/0000-0001-5064-497X; Graham, David/0000-0001-8968-7344; Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/0000-0002-0660-023X; Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Rivkina, Elizaveta/0000-0001-7949-8056; Waldrop, Mark/0000-0003-1829-7140 NR 19 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 10 U2 117 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 709 EP 712 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.163 PG 4 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 914JJ UT WOS:000301945500001 PM 22094350 ER PT J AU Kimes, NE Grim, CJ Johnson, WR Hasan, NA Tall, BD Kothary, MH Kiss, H Munk, AC Tapia, R Green, L Detter, C Bruce, DC Brettin, TS Colwell, RR Morris, PJ AF Kimes, Nikole E. Grim, Christopher J. Johnson, Wesley R. Hasan, Nur A. Tall, Ben D. Kothary, Mahendra H. Kiss, Hajnalka Munk, A. Christine Tapia, Roxanne Green, Lance Detter, Chris Bruce, David C. Brettin, Thomas S. Colwell, Rita R. Morris, Pamela J. TI Temperature regulation of virulence factors in the pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Vibrio pathogens; coral disease; genome and proteome; quorum sensing; global climate change; temperature ID CORAL POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; ACYL HOMOSERINE LACTONE; QUORUM SENSING SIGNAL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RTX TOXIN; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; GENOME SEQUENCE; TIME-SERIES; H-NS; CHOLERAE AB Sea surface temperatures (SST) are rising because of global climate change. As a result, pathogenic Vibrio species that infect humans and marine organisms during warmer summer months are of growing concern. Coral reefs, in particular, are already experiencing unprecedented degradation worldwide due in part to infectious disease outbreaks and bleaching episodes that are exacerbated by increasing SST. For example, Vibrio coralliilyticus, a globally distributed bacterium associated with multiple coral diseases, infects corals at temperatures above 27 degrees C. The mechanisms underlying this temperature-dependent pathogenicity, however, are unknown. In this study, we identify potential virulence mechanisms using whole genome sequencing of V. coralliilyticus ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) BAA-450. Furthermore, we demonstrate direct temperature regulation of numerous virulence factors using proteomic analysis and bioassays. Virulence factors involved in motility, host degradation, secretion, antimicrobial resistance and transcriptional regulation are upregulated at the higher virulent temperature of 27 degrees C, concurrent with phenotypic changes in motility, antibiotic resistance, hemolysis, cytotoxicity and bioluminescence. These results provide evidence that temperature regulates multiple virulence mechanisms in V. coralliilyticus, independent of abundance. The ecological and biological significance of this temperature-dependent virulence response is reinforced by climate change models that predict tropical SST to consistently exceed 27 degrees C during the spring, summer and fall seasons. We propose V. coralliilyticus as a model Gram-negative bacterium to study temperature-dependent pathogenicity in Vibrio-related diseases. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 835-846; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.154; published online 8 December 2011 C1 [Morris, Pamela J.] Univ S Carolina, Belle W Baruch Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Baruch Marine Field Lab, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA. [Grim, Christopher J.; Hasan, Nur A.; Colwell, Rita R.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Pathogen Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grim, Christopher J.; Colwell, Rita R.] Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grim, Christopher J.; Tall, Ben D.; Kothary, Mahendra H.] US FDA, Laurel, MD USA. [Johnson, Wesley R.] Ecosyst Solut Inc, Edgewater, MD USA. [Kiss, Hajnalka; Munk, A. Christine; Tapia, Roxanne; Green, Lance; Detter, Chris; Bruce, David C.; Brettin, Thomas S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Colwell, Rita R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Morris, PJ (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Belle W Baruch Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Baruch Marine Field Lab, POB 1630, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA. EM pjmorris@belle.baruch.sc.edu OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629 FU NSF [DEB 0516347, DEB 0964997]; NOAA OHHI; NOAA [SO660009]; NIH [1R01A139129-01] FX This work was supported by NSF Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories (DEB 0516347, DEB 0964997) to PJM, a NSF Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to NEK, the NOAA OHHI Distinguished Scholars program to RCC, and NOAA (SO660009) and NIH (1R01A139129-01) to RRC. Sequencing support was received from the Office of the Chief Scientist (USA), University of Maryland Vibrio Genome Sequencing Project and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The Fellowship for Interpretation of Genomes (FIG, Argonne National Laboratory) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH) were instrumental in supporting the RAST and the SEED data analysis environments. We thank Veronika Vonstein and Ross Overbeek for their assistance with the RAST system, Lisa Kilpatrick (NIST) and Kevin Schey/Jennifer Bethard (MUSC Mass Spectrometry Facility) for the use of their facilities to perform the two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry experiments, and Jana Lee (Proteome Software) for assistance in using the Scaffold software. NR 66 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 75 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 835 EP 846 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.154 PG 12 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 914JJ UT WOS:000301945500013 PM 22158392 ER PT J AU Burow, LC Woebken, D Bebout, BM McMurdie, PJ Singer, SW Pett-Ridge, J Prufert-Bebout, L Spormann, AM Weber, PK Hoehler, TM AF Burow, Luke C. Woebken, Dagmar Bebout, Brad M. McMurdie, Paul J. Singer, Steven W. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Prufert-Bebout, Leslie Spormann, Alfred M. Weber, Peter K. Hoehler, Tori M. TI Hydrogen production in photosynthetic microbial mats in the Elkhorn Slough estuary, Monterey Bay SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE microbial mats; fermentation; hydrogen; hydrogenase; Microcoleus spp.; pyrotags ID MICROCOLEUS-CHTHONOPLASTES; ANOXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACETYLENE-REDUCTION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; SEQUENCE DATA; DIVERSITY; CYANOBACTERIA; ARB; FERMENTATION; ADAPTATION AB Hydrogen (H-2) release from photosynthetic microbial mats has contributed to the chemical evolution of Earth and could potentially be a source of renewable H-2 in the future. However, the taxonomy of H-2-producing microorganisms (hydrogenogens) in these mats has not been previously determined. With combined biogeochemical and molecular studies of microbial mats collected from Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Bay, California, we characterized the mechanisms of H-2 production and identified a dominant hydrogenogen. Net production of H-2 was observed within the upper photosynthetic layer (0-2 mm) of the mats under dark and anoxic conditions. Pyrosequencing of rRNA gene libraries generated from this layer demonstrated the presence of 64 phyla, with Bacteriodetes, Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria dominating the sequences. Sequencing of rRNA transcripts obtained from this layer demonstrated that Cyanobacteria dominated rRNA transcript pyrotag libraries. An OTU affiliated to Microcoleus spp. was the most abundant OTU in both rRNA gene and transcript libraries. Depriving mats of sunlight resulted in an order of magnitude decrease in subsequent nighttime H-2 production, suggesting that newly fixed carbon is critical to H-2 production. Suppression of nitrogen (N-2)-fixation in the mats did not suppress H-2 production, which indicates that co-metabolic production of H-2 during N-2-fixation is not an important contributor to H-2 production. Concomitant production of organic acids is consistent with fermentation of recently produced photosynthate as the dominant mode of H-2 production. Analysis of rRNA % transcript: % gene ratios and H-2-evolving bidirectional [NiFe] hydrogenase % transcript:% gene ratios indicated that Microcoelus spp. are dominant hydrogenogens in the Elkhorn Slough mats. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 863-874; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.142; published online 20 October 2011 C1 [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; McMurdie, Paul J.; Spormann, Alfred M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Bebout, Brad M.; Prufert-Bebout, Leslie; Hoehler, Tori M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Exobiol Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Singer, Steven W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pett-Ridge, Jennifer; Weber, Peter K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA USA. RP Burow, LC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 318 Campus Dr,E250, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM lukeburow@hotmail.com RI vedha, angeline/F-7272-2012; Woebken, Dagmar/A-4447-2013; OI McMurdie, Paul/0000-0001-8879-3954; Woebken, Dagmar/0000-0002-1314-9926 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [SCW1039]; U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) FX We thank Michael Kubo, Adrienne Frisbee, Angela Detweiler and Erich Fleming for technical support. We thank Tijana Glavina del Rio, Susannah Tringe and Stephanie Malfatti of the Joint Genome Institute for assistance obtaining and analyzing amplicon pyrosequencing. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Genomic Sciences Program under contract SCW1039. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at LBNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. DW was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 863 EP 874 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.142 PG 12 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 914JJ UT WOS:000301945500015 PM 22011721 ER PT J AU Kuske, CR Yeager, CM Johnson, S Ticknor, LO Belnap, J AF Kuske, Cheryl R. Yeager, Chris M. Johnson, Shannon Ticknor, Lawrence O. Belnap, Jayne TI Response and resilience of soil biocrust bacterial communities to chronic physical disturbance in arid shrublands SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll a; cyanobacteria; Microcoleus vaginatus; soil biocrust; scytonemin; 16S rRNA ID GRASS BROMUS-TECTORUM; COLORADO PLATEAU; INNER-MONGOLIA; CRUSTS; DESERT; DIVERSITY; CHINA; CYANOBACTERIA; PRECIPITATION; ALIGNMENTS AB The impact of 10 years of annual foot trampling on soil biocrusts was examined in replicated field experiments at three cold desert sites of the Colorado Plateau, USA. Trampling detrimentally impacted lichens and mosses, and the keystone cyanobacterium, Microcoleus vaginatus, resulting in increased soil erosion and reduced C and N concentrations in surface soils. Trampled biocrusts contained approximately half as much extractable DNA and 20-52% less chlorophyll a when compared with intact biocrusts at each site. Two of the three sites also showed a decline in scytonemin-containing, diazotrophic cyanobacteria in trampled biocrusts. 16S rRNA gene sequence and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses of soil bacteria from untrampled and trampled biocrusts demonstrated a reduced proportion (23-65% reduction) of M. vaginatus and other Cyanobacteria in trampled plots. In parallel, other soil bacterial species that are natural residents of biocrusts, specifically members of the Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Bacteroidetes, became more readily detected in trampled than in untrampled biocrusts. Replicate 16S rRNA T-RFLP profiles from trampled biocrusts at all three sites contained significantly more fragments (n = 17) than those of untrampled biocrusts (n <= 6) and exhibited much higher variability among field replicates, indicating transition to an unstable disturbed state. Despite the dramatic negative impacts of trampling on biocrust physical structure and composition, M. vaginatus could still be detected in surface soils after 10 years of annual trampling, suggesting the potential for biocrust re-formation over time. Physical damage of biocrusts, in concert with changing temperature and precipitation patterns, has potential to alter performance of dryland ecosystems for decades. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 886-897; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.153; published online 24 November 2011 C1 [Kuske, Cheryl R.; Yeager, Chris M.; Johnson, Shannon] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ticknor, Lawrence O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat & Comp Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Belnap, Jayne] SW Biol Sci Ctr, Canyonlands Res Stn, Moab, UT USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Kuske@lanl.gov OI Johnson, Shannon/0000-0002-3972-9208; Ticknor, Lawrence/0000-0002-7967-7908 FU US Geological Survey; National Park Service; US Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This study was funded by US Geological Survey; the National Park Service; the US Department of Energy, Program for Ecosystem Research and a Los Alamos National Laboratory postdoctoral research fellowship to CY. We thank the DOE JGI for providing Sanger sequencing of the clone libraries generated in this study, and several people for annual trampling of plots. NR 54 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 9 U2 64 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 886 EP 897 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.153 PG 12 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 914JJ UT WOS:000301945500017 PM 22113374 ER PT J AU Luo, CW Tsementzi, D Kyrpides, NC Konstantinidis, KT AF Luo, Chengwei Tsementzi, Despina Kyrpides, Nikos C. Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T. TI Individual genome assembly from complex community short-read metagenomic datasets SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE metagenome; assembly; Illumina ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; INSIGHTS AB Assembling individual genomes from complex community metagenomic data remains a challenging issue for environmental studies. We evaluated the quality of genome assemblies from community short read data (Illumina 100 bp pair-ended sequences) using datasets recovered from freshwater and soil microbial communities as well as in silico simulations. Our analyses revealed that the genome of a single genotype (or species) can be accurately assembled from a complex metagenome when it shows at least about 20 x coverage. At lower coverage, however, the derived assemblies contained a substantial fraction of non-target sequences (chimeras), which explains, at least in part, the higher number of hypothetical genes recovered in metagenomic relative to genomic projects. We also provide examples of how to detect intrapopulation structure in metagenomic datasets and estimate the type and frequency of errors in assembled genes and contigs from datasets of varied species complexity. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 898-901; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.147; published online 27 October 2011 C1 [Luo, Chengwei; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, ES&T, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Luo, Chengwei; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Tsementzi, Despina; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kyrpides, Nikos C.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Konstantinidis, KT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, ES&T, 311 Ferst Dr,Room 3224, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kostas@ce.gatech.edu RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Tsementzi, Despina/0000-0002-4578-1918 FU US Department of Energy [DE-SC0004601, DE-AC02-0SCH11231] FX We thank Rachel Poretsky for useful discussions related to the manuscript. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Award No. DE-SC0004601 (to KTK) and contract No. DE-AC02-0SCH11231 to (NCK). NR 13 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 47 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 898 EP 901 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.147 PG 4 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 914JJ UT WOS:000301945500018 PM 22030673 ER PT J AU Espinoza-Valles, I Soto-Rodriguez, S Edwards, RA Wang, Z Vora, GJ Gomez-Gil, B AF Espinoza-Valles, Iliana Soto-Rodriguez, Sonia Edwards, Robert A. Wang, Zheng Vora, Gary J. Gomez-Gil, Bruno TI Draft Genome Sequence of the Shrimp Pathogen Vibrio harveyi CAIM 1792 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Vibrio harveyi is a Gram-negative bacterium found in tropical and temperate marine environments as a free-living organism or in association with aquatic animals. We report the first sequenced genome of a Vibrio harveyi strain, CAIM 1792, the etiologic agent of the "bright red" syndrome of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. C1 [Espinoza-Valles, Iliana; Soto-Rodriguez, Sonia; Gomez-Gil, Bruno] CIAD AC, Mazatlan Unit Aquaculture & Environm Management, Sinaloa, Mexico. [Edwards, Robert A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Edwards, Robert A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Wang, Zheng; Vora, Gary J.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Edwards, Robert A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gomez-Gil, B (reprint author), CIAD AC, Mazatlan Unit Aquaculture & Environm Management, Sinaloa, Mexico. EM bruno@ciad.mx RI Soto Rodriguez, Sonia/A-5298-2011; Gomez-Gil, Bruno/A-5287-2011 OI Gomez-Gil, Bruno/0000-0002-3695-3597 FU CONACYT; NSF from the Division of Biological Infrastructure [DBI 0850356]; Office of Naval Research via U. S. Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by CONACYT (I.E.-V., S.S.-R., and B.G.-G.), NSF grant DBI 0850356 from the Division of Biological Infrastructure (R.A.E.), and the Office of Naval Research via U. S. Naval Research Laboratory core funds (Z.W. and G.J.V.). NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 194 IS 8 BP 2104 EP 2104 DI 10.1128/JB.00079-12 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 917MC UT WOS:000302180200032 PM 22461546 ER PT J AU Martinez, RJ Bruce, D Detter, C Goodwin, LA Han, J Han, CS Held, B Land, ML Mikhailova, N Nolan, M Pennacchio, L Pitluck, S Tapia, R Woyke, T Sobecky, PA AF Martinez, Robert J. Bruce, David Detter, Chris Goodwin, Lynne A. Han, James Han, Cliff S. Held, Brittany Land, Miriam L. Mikhailova, Natalia Nolan, Matt Pennacchio, Len Pitluck, Sam Tapia, Roxanne Woyke, Tanja Sobecky, Patricia A. TI Complete Genome Sequence of Rahnella sp Strain Y9602, a Gammaproteobacterium Isolate from Metal- and Radionuclide-Contaminated Soil SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; RESISTANT BACTERIA; SUBSURFACE SOILS; BIOMINERALIZATION; COMMUNITY AB Rahnella sp. strain Y9602 is a gammaproteobacterium isolated from contaminated subsurface soils that is capable of promoting uranium phosphate mineralization as a result of constitutive phosphatase activity. Here we report the first complete genome sequence of an isolate belonging to the genus Rahnella. C1 [Martinez, Robert J.; Sobecky, Patricia A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff S.; Held, Brittany; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Han, James; Mikhailova, Natalia; Nolan, Matt; Pennacchio, Len; Pitluck, Sam; Woyke, Tanja] US DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Martinez, RJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM rmartinez@ua.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Martinez, Robert/0000-0003-0836-4776 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63906] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and U.S. Department of Energy grant no. DE-FG02-04ER63906. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 194 IS 8 BP 2113 EP 2114 DI 10.1128/JB.00095-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 917MC UT WOS:000302180200037 PM 22461551 ER PT J AU Nguyen, N Birktoft, JJ Sha, RJ Wang, T Zheng, JP Constantinou, PE Ginell, SL Chen, Y Mao, CD Seeman, NC AF Nam Nguyen Birktoft, Jens J. Sha, Ruojie Wang, Tong Zheng, Jianping Constantinou, Pamela E. Ginell, Stephan L. Chen, Yi Mao, Chengde Seeman, Nadrian C. TI The absence of tertiary interactions in a self-assembled DNA crystal structure SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE self-assembled DNA crystals; DNA nanotechnology; crystal design; robust DNA motif ID NUCLEIC-ACID JUNCTIONS; HOLLIDAY JUNCTION; DESIGN; CONSTRUCTION; TRIANGLES; MOLECULES; COHESION AB DNA is a highly effective molecule for controlling nanometer-scale structure. The convenience of using DNA lies in the programmability of WatsonCrick base-paired secondary interactions, useful both to design branched molecular motifs and to connect them through sticky-ended cohesion. Recently, the tensegrity triangle motif has been used to self-assemble three-dimensional crystals whose structures have been determined; sticky ends were reported to be the only intermolecular cohesive elements in those crystals. A recent communication in this journal suggested that tertiary interactions between phosphates and cytosine N(4) groups are responsible for intermolecular cohesion in these crystals, in addition to the secondary and covalent interactions programmed into the motif. To resolve this issue, we report experiments challenging this contention. Gel electrophoresis demonstrates that the tensegrity triangle exists in conditions where cytosinePO4 tertiary interactions seem ineffective. Furthermore, we have crystallized a tensegrity triangle using a junction lacking the cytosine suggested for involvement in tertiary interactions. The unit cell is isomorphous with that of a tensegrity triangle crystal reported earlier. This structure has been solved by molecular replacement and refined. The data presented here leave no doubt that the tensegrity triangle crystal structures reported earlier depend only on base pairing and covalent interactions for their formation. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Nam Nguyen; Birktoft, Jens J.; Sha, Ruojie; Wang, Tong; Zheng, Jianping; Constantinou, Pamela E.; Seeman, Nadrian C.] NYU, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Ginell, Stephan L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chen, Yi; Mao, Chengde] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Seeman, NC (reprint author), NYU, Dept Chem, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM ned.seeman@nyu.edu RI Chen, Yi/D-7943-2013 FU National Institute of General Medical Science [1 R37 GM-29554]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-1118, N00014-11-1-0729]; Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0439, W911NF-11-1-0024]; National Science Foundation [CCF-1117210, SNM-1120890, CCF-0622093]; National Institutes of Health [1 R21 EB007472]; Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health; US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research was supported by the following grants to NCS: grant no. 1 R37 GM-29554 from the National Institute of General Medical Science, grant nos. N00014-09-1-1118 and N00014-11-1-0729 from the Office of Naval Research, grants nos. W911NF-07-1-0439 and W911NF-11-1-0024 from the Army Research Office and grant nos. CCF-1117210 and SNM-1120890 from the National Science Foundation; and by the following grants to CM: grant no. CCF-0622093 from the National Science Foundation and grant no. 1 R21 EB007472 from the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank R. Sweet, M. Allaire, H. Robinson, A. Saxena and A. Heroux at the BNL-NSLS at beamlines X6A and X25 of the National Synchrotron Light Source. BNL-NSLS is supported principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health. The use of the 19ID beamline at the Structural Biology Center/Advanced Photon Source is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0952-3499 J9 J MOL RECOGNIT JI J. Mol. Recognit. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 234 EP 237 DI 10.1002/jmr.2183 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 911IW UT WOS:000301711500006 PM 22434713 ER PT J AU Santella, ML AF Santella, Michael L. TI Influence of Chemical Compositions on Lower Ferrite-Austenite Transformation Temperatures in 9% Cr Steels SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Computational thermodynamics approach was used to predict the ranges of the lower ferrite-austenite transformation temperatures, A(1)'s, in three 9% Cr steels. The predicted A(1) ranges were: 766-856 degrees C for SA387 Grade 91, 775-863 degrees C for SA213 Grade T92, and 676-862 degrees C for the weld metal SFA-5.23 B9 (2004). For Grade 91 and Grade T92 using the highest tempering temperature permitted by ASME Code, 800 degrees C, would permit certain alloys conforming to the chemical composition specification to be tempered above their A(1), thereby risking the formation of untempered martensite. Similar circumstances exist for weld metal conforming to the SFA-5.23 B9 specification. Linear regression analyses were performed to develop simplified expressions capable of representing the thermodynamically predicted relationships between chemical compositions and A(1)'s. These are, Grade 91/SFA-5.23 B9 (2004): 805 degrees C + 2.5(%Cr) + 18.1(%Mo) + 19.1(%Si)+ 37.1(%V) + 19.2(%Nb) - 63.7(%C) - 130.6(%N) - 60.5(%Mn) - 72.3(%Ni) Grade T92:778 degrees C + 4.9(%Cr) + 22.6(%Mo) + 10.8(%W) + 22.9(%Si) + 43.6(%V) + 20.2(%Nb) - 80.6(%C) - 150.7(%N) - 55.1(%Mn) - 68.0(%Ni). [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005399] C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Santella, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM santellaml@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was conducted as part of the DOE Fossil Energy Advanced Research Materials Program, which is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy. The author is indebted to ORNL staff members Gerard M. Ludtka and Govindarajan Muralidharan for technical review of the manuscript prior to submission, and especially to John P. Shingledecker for many helpful technical discussions. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 AR 021404 DI 10.1115/1.4005399 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 910WO UT WOS:000301674800021 ER PT J AU Karthik, C Kane, J Butt, DP Windes, WE Ubic, R AF Karthik, Chinnathambi Kane, Joshua Butt, Darryl P. Windes, William E. Ubic, Rick TI Microstructural Characterization of Next Generation Nuclear Graphites SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE nuclear graphite; graphitization; transmission electron microscopy ID GRADE GRAPHITE AB This article reports the microstructural characteristics of various petroleum and pitch based nuclear graphites (IG-110, NBG-18, and PCEA) that are of interest to the next generation nuclear plant program. Bright-field transmission electron microscopy imaging was used to identify and understand the different features constituting the microstructure of nuclear graphite such as the filler particles, microcracks, binder phase, rosette-shaped quinoline insoluble (QI) particles, chaotic structures, and turbostratic graphite phase. The dimensions of microcracks were found to vary from a few nanometers to tens of microns. Furthermore, the microcracks were found to be filled with amorphous carbon of unknown origin. The pitch coke based graphite (NBG-18) was found to contain higher concentration of binder phase constituting QI particles as well as chaotic structures. The turbostratic graphite, present in all of the grades, was identified through their elliptical diffraction patterns. The difference in the microstructure has been analyzed in view of their processing conditions. C1 [Karthik, Chinnathambi; Kane, Joshua; Butt, Darryl P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Karthik, Chinnathambi; Kane, Joshua; Butt, Darryl P.; Windes, William E.; Ubic, Rick] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Windes, William E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Karthik, C (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM karthikchinnathambi@boisestate.edu RI Chinnathambi, Karthik/A-6128-2010 FU Department of Energy (National Nuclear Security Administration) [00041394/00026, DE-NE0000140]; National Science Foundation MRI [DMR-0521315]; Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC-38-08-955] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy (National Nuclear Security Administration) under Award Numbers 00041394/00026 and DE-NE0000140. TEM studies were carried out at the Boise State Center for Materials Characterization (BSCMC) and were supported by National Science Foundation MRI grant DMR-0521315. Furthermore, J.K. acknowledges the funding of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission under the Nuclear Materials Fellowship Program (NRC-38-08-955). NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 26 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1017/S1431927611012360 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 916FM UT WOS:000302084700003 PM 22264445 ER PT J AU Patterson, BM Escobedo-Diaz, JP Dennis-Koller, D Cerreta, E AF Patterson, Brian M. Escobedo-Diaz, Juan P. Dennis-Koller, Darcie Cerreta, Ellen TI Dimensional Quantification of Embedded Voids or Objects in Three Dimensions Using X-Ray Tomography SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE X-ray tomography; 3D quantification; copper spall; 3D statistics ID 3-DIMENSIONAL VISUALIZATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; XRADIA; ALLOY; FOAMS AB Scientific digital imaging in three dimensions such as when using X-ray computed tomography offers a variety of ways to obtain, filter, and quantify data that can produce vastly different results. These opportunities, performed during image acquisition or during the data processing, can include filtering, cropping, and setting thresholds. Quantifying features in these images can be greatly affected by how the above operations are performed. For example, during binarization, setting the threshold too low or too high can change the number of objects as well as their measured diameter. Here, two facets of three-dimensional quantification are explored. The first will focus on investigating the question of how many voxels are needed within an object to have accurate geometric statistics that are due to the properties of the object and not an artifact of too few voxels. These statistics include but are not limited to percent of total volume, volume of the individual object, Feret shape, and surface area. Using simple cylinders as a starting point, various techniques for smoothing, filtering, and other processing steps can be investigated to aid in determining if they are appropriate for a specific desired statistic for a real dataset. The second area of investigation is the influence of post-processing, particularly segmentation, on measuring the damage statistics in high purity Cu. The most important parts of the pathways of processing are highlighted. C1 [Patterson, Brian M.; Escobedo-Diaz, Juan P.; Dennis-Koller, Darcie; Cerreta, Ellen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Patterson, BM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663,MS E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bpatterson@lanl.gov RI Escobedo, Juan/J-9077-2012; OI Escobedo-Diaz, Juan/0000-0003-2413-7119; Patterson, Brian/0000-0001-9244-7376 FU DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program [LDRD-DR 20100026] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by LANS, LLC, under DOE/NNSA contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Funding was provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (LDRD-DR 20100026). NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 19 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 390 EP 398 DI 10.1017/S1431927611012554 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 916FM UT WOS:000302084700019 PM 22300762 ER PT J AU Meier, D Seidel, J Cano, A Delaney, K Kumagai, Y Mostovoy, M Spaldin, NA Ramesh, R Fiebig, M AF Meier, D. Seidel, J. Cano, A. Delaney, K. Kumagai, Y. Mostovoy, M. Spaldin, N. A. Ramesh, R. Fiebig, M. TI Anisotropic conductance at improper ferroelectric domain walls SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE HETEROSTRUCTURES; ATOMIC-SCALE; INTERFACE; YMNO3; BOUNDARIES; PHYSICS AB Transition metal oxides hold great potential for the development of new device paradigms because of the field-tunable functionalities driven by their strong electronic correlations, combined with their earth abundance and environmental friendliness. Recently, the interfaces between transition-metal oxides have revealed striking phenomena, such as insulator-metal transitions, magnetism, magnetoresistance and superconductivity(1-9). Such oxide interfaces are usually produced by sophisticated layer-by-layer growth techniques, which can yield high-quality, epitaxial interfaces with almost monolayer control of atomic positions. The resulting interfaces, however, are fixed in space by the arrangement of the atoms. Here we demonstrate a route to overcoming this geometric limitation. We show that the electrical conductance at the interfacial ferroelectric domain walls in hexagonal ErMnO3 is a continuous function of the domain wall orientation, with a range of an order of magnitude. We explain the observed behaviour using first-principles density functional and phenomenological theories, and relate it to the unexpected stability of head-to-head and tail-to-tail domain walls in ErMnO3 and related hexagonal manganites(10). As the domain wall orientation in ferroelectrics is tunable using modest external electric fields, our finding opens a degree of freedom that is not accessible to spatially fixed interfaces. C1 [Meier, D.; Seidel, J.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Meier, D.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, J.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Cano, A.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Delaney, K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kumagai, Y.; Spaldin, N. A.; Fiebig, M.] ETH, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Mostovoy, M.] Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. RP Meier, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM meier@berkeley.edu; jseidel@berkeley.edu RI Delaney, Kris/D-4324-2011; Kumagai, Yu/H-8104-2012; Spaldin, Nicola/A-1017-2010 OI Delaney, Kris/0000-0003-0356-1391; Spaldin, Nicola/0000-0003-0709-9499 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH1123]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; ETH Zurich; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB608]; National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center [E3S] FX The work at Berkeley is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US Department of Energy under contract No DE-AC02-05CH1123. The authors acknowledge the following support: by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (D.M., J.S.), by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad (Y.K.), by the ETH Zurich (N.A.S., M.F.), and by the SFB608 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (M.F.). D.M. is also supported by the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center (E3S). NR 29 TC 137 Z9 137 U1 26 U2 254 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 11 IS 4 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1038/NMAT3249 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 914WU UT WOS:000301984600013 PM 22367003 ER PT J AU Llordes, A Palau, A Gazquez, J Coll, M Vlad, R Pomar, A Arbiol, J Guzman, R Ye, S Rouco, V Sandiumenge, F Ricart, S Puig, T Varela, M Chateigner, D Vanacken, J Gutierrez, J Moshchalkov, V Deutscher, G Magen, C Obradors, X AF Llordes, A. Palau, A. Gazquez, J. Coll, M. Vlad, R. Pomar, A. Arbiol, J. Guzman, R. Ye, S. Rouco, V. Sandiumenge, F. Ricart, S. Puig, T. Varela, M. Chateigner, D. Vanacken, J. Gutierrez, J. Moshchalkov, V. Deutscher, G. Magen, C. Obradors, X. TI Nanoscale strain-induced pair suppression as a vortex-pinning mechanism in high-temperature superconductors SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; CRITICAL CURRENTS; FILMS; YBA2CU3O7; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; VORTICES; STRESS; GROWTH AB Boosting large-scale superconductor applications require nanostructured conductors with artificial pinning centres immobilizing quantized vortices at high temperature and magnetic fields. Here we demonstrate a highly effective mechanism of artificial pinning centres in solution-derived high-temperature superconductor nanocomposites through generation of nanostrained regions where Cooper pair formation is suppressed. The nanostrained regions identified from transmission electron microscopy devise a very high concentration of partial dislocations associated with intergrowths generated between the randomly oriented nanodots and the epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 matrix. Consequently, an outstanding vortex-pinning enhancement correlated to the nanostrain is demonstrated for four types of randomly oriented nanodot, and a unique evolution towards an isotropic vortex-pinning behaviour, even in the effective anisotropy, is achieved as the nanostrain turns isotropic. We suggest a new vortex-pinning mechanism based on the bond-contraction pairing model, where pair formation is quenched under tensile strain, forming new and effective core-pinning regions. C1 [Llordes, A.; Palau, A.; Gazquez, J.; Coll, M.; Vlad, R.; Pomar, A.; Arbiol, J.; Guzman, R.; Ye, S.; Rouco, V.; Sandiumenge, F.; Ricart, S.; Puig, T.; Obradors, X.] ICMAB CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Gazquez, J.; Varela, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Arbiol, J.] ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain. [Chateigner, D.] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, Lab Cristallog & Sci Mat, CRISMAT, ENSICAEN,IUT Caen, F-14050 Caen 4, France. [Vanacken, J.; Gutierrez, J.; Moshchalkov, V.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Pulsed Field Grp, INPAC Inst Nanoscale Phys & Chem, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Deutscher, G.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Magen, C.] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Nanociencia Aragon, Zaragoza 50018, Spain. RP Llordes, A (reprint author), ICMAB CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. EM Xavier.obradors@icmab.es RI Gazquez, Jaume/C-5334-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Puig, Teresa/O-1077-2013; Gutierrez, Joffre/D-3546-2015; Llordes, Anna/H-2370-2015; Guzman, Roger/C-9651-2016; Vanacken, Johan/F-3026-2013; Moshchalkov, Victor/I-7232-2013; Chateigner, Daniel/A-7654-2008; Arbiol, Jordi/B-6048-2008; Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012; Sandiumenge, Felip/C-2743-2012; Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; ricart, susana/M-5749-2013; Palau, Anna/C-2947-2014; Coll, Mariona/C-5350-2012; Pomar, Alberto/A-9505-2008; Magen, Cesar/A-2825-2013; Vlad, Valentina Roxana/C-2957-2012 OI Gazquez, Jaume/0000-0002-2561-328X; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Puig, Teresa/0000-0002-1873-0488; Gutierrez, Joffre/0000-0002-8897-0276; Llordes, Anna/0000-0003-4169-9156; Guzman, Roger/0000-0002-5580-0043; Chateigner, Daniel/0000-0001-7792-8702; Arbiol, Jordi/0000-0002-0695-1726; Sandiumenge, Felip/0000-0003-1336-1529; ricart, susana/0000-0003-4196-2081; Palau, Anna/0000-0002-2217-164X; Coll, Mariona/0000-0001-5157-7764; Pomar, Alberto/0000-0002-5855-2356; FU Ministerio Ciencia e Innovacion [MAT2008-01022]; Consolider NANOSELECT [CSD2007-00041]; Generalitat de Catalunya [2009 SGR 770]; European Union; HIPERCHEM; NESPA; European Research Council; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; US Air Force [FA 8655-10-1-3011]; NanoAraCat FX The authors would like to thank the Ministerio Ciencia e Innovacion (MAT2008-01022), Consolider NANOSELECT (CSD2007-00041), Generalitat de Catalunya (2009 SGR 770 and Xarmae) and the European Union (HIPERCHEM, NESPA and the European Research Council Starting Investigator Award). Work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (M.V.). One of us (G.D.) acknowledges partial support from US Air Force grant FA 8655-10-1-3011. Work at Instituto Nanociencia Aragon - Laboratorio Microscopias Avanzadas was partially supported by NanoAraCat. NR 39 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 7 U2 123 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 11 IS 4 BP 329 EP 336 DI 10.1038/NMAT3247 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 914WU UT WOS:000301984600021 PM 22327747 ER PT J AU Aine, CJ Sanfratello, L Ranken, D Best, E MacArthur, JA Wallace, T Gilliam, K Donahue, CH Montano, R Bryant, JE Scott, A Stephen, JM AF Aine, C. J. Sanfratello, L. Ranken, D. Best, E. MacArthur, J. A. Wallace, T. Gilliam, K. Donahue, C. H. Montano, R. Bryant, J. E. Scott, A. Stephen, J. M. TI MEG-SIM: A Web Portal for Testing MEG Analysis Methods using Realistic Simulated and Empirical Data SO NEUROINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE MEG; EEG; Simulations; Database; Testbed; Inverse procedures; Connectivity; Visual Working Memory; Auditory; Somatosensory ID BIOMAGNETIC INVERSE PROBLEM; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN BRAIN; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; CORTICAL ACTIVITY; MULTIPLE SOURCES; SIMPLEX-METHOD; GAMMA-POWER AB MEG and EEG measure electrophysiological activity in the brain with exquisite temporal resolution. Because of this unique strength relative to noninvasive hemodynamic-based measures (fMRI, PET), the complementary nature of hemodynamic and electrophysiological techniques is becoming more widely recognized (e.g., Human Connectome Project). However, the available analysis methods for solving the inverse problem for MEG and EEG have not been compared and standardized to the extent that they have for fMRI/PET. A number of factors, including the non-uniqueness of the solution to the inverse problem for MEG/EEG, have led to multiple analysis techniques which have not been tested on consistent datasets, making direct comparisons of techniques challenging (or impossible). Since each of the methods is known to have their own set of strengths and weaknesses, it would be beneficial to quantify them. Toward this end, we are announcing the establishment of a website containing an extensive series of realistic simulated data for testing purposes (http://cobre.mrn.org/megsim/). Here, we present: 1) a brief overview of the basic types of inverse procedures; 2) the rationale and description of the testbed created; and 3) cases emphasizing functional connectivity (e.g., oscillatory activity) suitable for a wide assortment of analyses including independent component analysis (ICA), Granger Causality/Directed transfer function, and single-trial analysis. C1 [Aine, C. J.; Sanfratello, L.; Wallace, T.; Donahue, C. H.; Montano, R.; Bryant, J. E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Aine, C. J.; Sanfratello, L.; Best, E.; MacArthur, J. A.; Gilliam, K.; Scott, A.; Stephen, J. M.] Mind Res Network, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Ranken, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Aine, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, MSC10 5530, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM aine@unm.edu RI Ranken, Douglas/J-4305-2012; OI Donahue, Christopher/0000-0003-1574-1162; Stephen, Julia/0000-0003-2486-747X FU NIH [R21MH080141-02, 1P20 RR021938-03, R01AG029495-03]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-99ER62764] FX This work was funded by NIH grants R21MH080141-02, 1P20 RR021938-03, and R01AG029495-03. It was also supported in part by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG02-99ER62764 to the Mind Research Network. We thank M. Weisend, S. Ahlfors, M. Hamalainen, J. Mosher, A. Leuthold, and A. Georgopoulos for their help when the initial partnership between institutions was established which permitted the acquisition of these data. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Furthermore, the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 91 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1539-2791 EI 1559-0089 J9 NEUROINFORMATICS JI Neuroinformatics PD APR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.1007/s12021-011-9132-z PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 915VS UT WOS:000302056300004 PM 22068921 ER PT J AU Hu, TA AF Hu, T. Albert TI IMPROVED MODEL FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION RATE OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE AT THE HANFORD SITE SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen generation; radioactive waste; water radiolysis ID WATER AB Hydrogen is the major flammable gas observed in the dome space of each million-gallon radioactive waste storage tank at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site. Semiempirical rate equations are derived to estimate hydrogen generation based on chemical reactions, radiolysis of water and organic compounds, and corrosion. The rate equations account for tank waste composition, temperature, radiation dose rate, and liquid fraction. Numerical parameters are established by the analysis of gas generation kinetic data from actual waste samples, literature data, and waste characterization and field surveillance data. The model improvement includes development of refined water radiolysis equations, accounting of total alpha radiation contribution to both water and organic radiolysis, new parameterization on the rate equations of organic thermolysis and radiolysis with extra tank waste gas generation test data, and revised corrosion rate equations. A comparison of the generation rates observed in the field with the rates calculated for 28 tanks shows agreement within a factor of 3. The model serves as a useful tool to evaluate flammable gas issues to support Hanford operations. C1 US DOE, Off River Protect, Nucl Safety Div, Stevens Ctr 2440, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hu, TA (reprint author), US DOE, Off River Protect, Nucl Safety Div, Stevens Ctr 2440, POB 450, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM alhert_hu@orp.doe.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 178 IS 1 SI SI BP 39 EP 54 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 914YZ UT WOS:000301991100005 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JE AF O'Brien, James E. TI REVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL OF NUCLEAR HYDROGEN FOR ADDRESSING ENERGY SECURITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE transportation; non-electric applications; nuclear energy ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; ELECTRICITY; ECONOMY; FUTURE AB Nuclear energy has the potential to exert a major positive impact on energy security and climate change by coupling it to the transportation sector, primarily through hydrogen production. In the short term, this coupling will provide carbon-free hydrogen for upgrading increasingly lower-quality petroleum resources such as oil sands, offsetting carbon emissions associated with steam methane reforming. In the intermediate term, nuclear hydrogen will be needed for large-scale production of infrastructure-compatible synthetic liquid fuels. In the long term, there is great potential for the use of hydrogen as a direct vehicle fuel, most likely in the form of light-duty pluggable hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs). This paper presents a review of the potential benefits of large-scale nuclear hydrogen production for energy security (i.e., displacing imported petroleum) and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Life-cycle benefits of nuclear energy in this context are presented, with reference to recent major publications on this topic.. The status of U.S. and international nuclear hydrogen research programs is discussed. Industry progress toward consumer-grade HFCVs is also examined. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP O'Brien, JE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave,MS 3885, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM james.obrien@inl.gov FU U.S. DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative; NGNP under DOE Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, and NGNP Programs under DOE Operations Office contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 178 IS 1 SI SI BP 55 EP 65 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 914YZ UT WOS:000301991100006 ER PT J AU Stoots, C Shunn, L O'Brien, J AF Stoots, Carl Shunn, Lee O'Brien, James TI INTEGRATED OPERATION OF THE INL HYTEST SYSTEM AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM ELECTROLYSIS FOR SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high-temperature electrolysis; hydrogen production; syngas AB The primary feedstock for synthetic fuel production is syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen. Current hydrogen production technologies rely upon fossil fuels and produce significant quantities of greenhouse gases as a by-product. This is not a sustainable means of satisfying future hydrogen demands given the current projections for conventional world oil production and future targets for carbon emissions. For the past 6 yr, the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been investigating the use of high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) to produce the hydrogen feedstock required for synthetic fuel production. HTSE water-splitting technology, combined with non-carbon-emitting energy sources, can provide a sustainable, environmentally friendly means of large-scale hydrogen production. Additionally, laboratory facilities are being developed at the INL for testing hybrid energy systems composed of several tightly coupled chemical processes (HYTEST program). The first such test involved the coupling of HTSE, a CO2 separation membrane, the reverse-shift reaction, and the methanation reaction to demonstrate synthetic natural gas production from a feedstock of water and either CO or a simulated flue gas containing CO2. This paper will introduce the initial HTSE and HYTEST testing facilities, overall coupling of the technologies, testing results, and future plans. C1 [Stoots, Carl; Shunn, Lee; O'Brien, James] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Stoots, C (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM carl.stoots@inl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy; INL Laboratory; DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy by the Battelle Energy Alliance [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy, Next Generation Nuclear Plant program as well as the INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. INL is operated for DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy by the Battelle Energy Alliance under contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 178 IS 1 SI SI BP 83 EP 93 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 914YZ UT WOS:000301991100008 ER PT J AU Russ, B Buckingham, R Brown, L Moore, R Helie, M Carle, P Pons, N Ode, D Duhamet, J Leybros, J AF Russ, Benjamin Buckingham, Robert Brown, Lloyd Moore, Robert Helie, Max Carle, Philippe Pons, Nicolas Ode, Denis Duhamet, Jean Leybros, Jean TI SUMMARY OF THE SULFUR-IODINE PROCESS INTEGRATED LABORATORY-SCALE EXPERIMENT SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur-iodine process; nuclear hydrogen; thermochemical hydrogen process AB As part of the International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative project supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, a collaborative team including Sandia National Laboratories, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in France, and industrial partner General Atomics constructed and operated a closed-loop system for demonstration of hydrogen production by the sulfur-iodine (S-I) process. The Integrated Laboratory-Scale experiment was conducted at General Atomics' San Diego facility. This paper will summarize project goals, results of the program, key challenges identified for the S-I process, and the lessons learned. C1 [Russ, Benjamin; Buckingham, Robert; Brown, Lloyd] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. [Moore, Robert] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Helie, Max; Carle, Philippe] CEA, DEN, DPC, SCCME, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Pons, Nicolas; Ode, Denis; Duhamet, Jean; Leybros, Jean] CEA, DTEC SGCS, F-30207 Bagnols Sur Ceze, France. RP Russ, B (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. EM Ben.Russ@ga.com RI Duhamet, Jean/C-2455-2016 OI Duhamet, Jean/0000-0002-6532-7704 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 178 IS 1 SI SI BP 94 EP 110 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 914YZ UT WOS:000301991100009 ER PT J AU Moore, RC Vernon, ME Parma, EJ Pickard, PS Rochau, GE AF Moore, Robert C. Vernon, Milton E. Parma, Edward J. Pickard, Paul S. Rochau, Gary E. TI SULFURIC ACID DECOMPOSITION FOR THE SULFUR-BASED THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLES SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur-iodine; hydrogen; acid decomposition ID STEP AB In this work, we describe a novel design for a H2SO4 decomposer. The decomposition of H2SO4 to produce SO2 is a common processing operation in the sulfur-based thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production where acid decomposition takes place at 850 degrees C in the presence of a catalyst. The combination of a high temperature and sulfuric acid creates a very corrosive environment that presents significant design challenges. The new decomposer design is based on a bayonet-type heat exchanger tube with the annular space packed with a catalyst. The unit is constructed of silicon carbide and other highly corrosion-resistant materials. The new design integrates acid boiling, superheating, decomposition, and heat recuperation into a single process and eliminates problems of corrosion and failure of high-temperature seals encountered in previous testing using metallic construction materials. The unit was tested by varying the acid feed rate and decomposition temperature and pressure. C1 [Moore, Robert C.; Vernon, Milton E.; Parma, Edward J.; Pickard, Paul S.; Rochau, Gary E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87015 USA. RP Moore, RC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1136, Albuquerque, NM 87015 USA. EM rcmoore@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 178 IS 1 SI SI BP 111 EP 118 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 914YZ UT WOS:000301991100010 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Pan, ZQ Polashock, JJ Dayan, FE Mizuno, CS Snook, ME Liu, CJ Baerson, SR AF Rimando, Agnes M. Pan, Zhiqiang Polashock, James J. Dayan, Franck E. Mizuno, Cassia S. Snook, Maurice E. Liu, Chang-Jun Baerson, Scott R. TI In planta production of the highly potent resveratrol analogue pterostilbene via stilbene synthase and O-methyltransferase co-expression SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stilbene; nutraceutical; antimicrobial; metabolic engineering; O-methyltransferase ID WILD VITIS-PSEUDORETICULATA; PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; BICOLOR ROOT HAIRS; PTEROCARPUS-MARSUPIUM; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; DEFENSE RESPONSES AB Resveratrol and related stilbenes are thought to play important roles in defence responses in several plant species and have also generated considerable interest as nutraceuticals owing to their diverse health-promoting properties. Pterostilbene, a 3,5-dimethylether derivative of resveratrol, possesses properties similar to its parent compound and, additionally, exhibits significantly higher fungicidal activity in vitro and superior pharmacokinetic properties in vivo. Recombinant enzyme studies carried out using a previously characterized O-methyltransferase sequence from Sorghum bicolor (SbOMT3) demonstrated its ability to catalyse the A ring-specific 3,5-bis-O-methylation of resveratrol, yielding pterostilbene. A binary vector was constructed for the constitutive co-expression of SbOMT3 with a stilbene synthase sequence from peanut (AhSTS3) and used for the generation of stably transformed tobacco and Arabidopsis plants, resulting in the accumulation of pterostilbene in both species. A reduced floral pigmentation phenotype observed in multiple tobacco transformants was further investigated by reversed-phase HPLC analysis, revealing substantial decreases in both dihydroquercetin-derived flavonoids and phenylpropanoid-conjugated polyamines in pterostilbene-producing SbOMT3/AhSTS3 events. These results demonstrate the potential utility of this strategy for the generation of pterostilbene-producing crops and also underscore the need for the development of additional approaches for minimizing concomitant reductions in key phenylpropanoid-derived metabolites. C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.; Pan, Zhiqiang; Dayan, Franck E.; Mizuno, Cassia S.; Baerson, Scott R.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. [Polashock, James J.] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Snook, Maurice E.] ARS, USDA, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. [Liu, Chang-Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Baerson, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. EM scott.baerson@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 83 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 3 BP 269 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00657.x PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 902OZ UT WOS:000301049100002 PM 21902799 ER PT J AU Sternberg, SH Haurwitz, RE Doudna, JA AF Sternberg, Samuel H. Haurwitz, Rachel E. Doudna, Jennifer A. TI Mechanism of substrate selection by a highly specific CRISPR endoribonuclease SO RNA-A PUBLICATION OF THE RNA SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE CRISPR/Cas; endoribonuclease; Cas6; Csy4; RNA recognition; substrate specificity ID BACTERIAL IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RNA RECOGNITION; DNA RECOGNITION; COMPLEX; PROTEIN; SEQUENCE; BINDING; PROKARYOTES AB Bacteria and archaea possess adaptive immune systems that rely on small RNAs for defense against invasive genetic elements. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) genomic loci are transcribed as long precursor RNAs, which must be enzymatically cleaved to generate mature CRISPR-derived RNAs (crRNAs) that serve as guides for foreign nucleic acid targeting and degradation. This processing occurs within the repetitive sequence and is catalyzed by a dedicated Cas6 family member in many CRISPR systems. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, crRNA biogenesis requires the endoribonuclease Csy4 (Cas6f), which binds and cleaves at the 3' side of a stable RNA stem-loop structure encoded by the CRISPR repeat. We show here that Csy4 recognizes its RNA substrate with an similar to 50 pM equilibrium dissociation constant, making it one of the highest-affinity protein: RNA interactions of this size reported to date. Tight binding is mediated exclusively by interactions upstream of the scissile phosphate that allow Csy4 to remain bound to its product and thereby sequester the crRNA for downstream targeting. Substrate specificity is achieved by RNA major groove contacts that are highly sensitive to helical geometry, as well as a strict preference for guanosine adjacent to the scissile phosphate in the active site. Collectively, our data highlight diverse modes of substrate recognition employed by Csy4 to enable accurate selection of CRISPR transcripts while avoiding spurious, off-target RNA binding and cleavage. C1 [Sternberg, Samuel H.; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Haurwitz, Rachel E.; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM doudna@berkeley.edu FU National Science Foundation; National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Research Fellowship FX The P. aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14 Delta csy4 strain was kindly provided by the G. O'Toole laboratory (Dartmouth Medical School). We thank K. Berry (Harvard Medical School), D. Sashital (The Scripps Research Institute), and other members of the Doudna laboratory for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. S.H.S. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation and National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Research Fellowship programs. J.A.D. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. NR 38 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 19 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1355-8382 J9 RNA JI RNA-Publ. RNA Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 661 EP 672 DI 10.1261/rna.030882.111 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 914MQ UT WOS:000301954600006 PM 22345129 ER PT J AU Burke, JE Sashital, DG Zuo, XB Wang, YX Butcher, SE AF Burke, Jordan E. Sashital, Dipali G. Zuo, Xiaobing Wang, Yun-Xing Butcher, Samuel E. TI Structure of the yeast U2/U6 snRNA complex SO RNA-A PUBLICATION OF THE RNA SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE NMR; RNA; SAXS; U6 snRNA; spliceosome ID GROUP-II INTRON; INTRAMOLECULAR STEM-LOOP; LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE PHASE; METAL-ION COORDINATION; PROTEIN-FREE SNRNAS; SMALL NUCLEAR RNAS; MESSENGER-RNA; U6 SNRNA; WEB SERVER; CATALYTIC ACTIVATION AB The U2/U6 snRNA complex is a conserved and essential component of the active spliceosome that interacts with the pre-mRNA substrate and essential protein splicing factors to promote splicing catalysis. Here we have elucidated the solution structure of a 111-nucleotide U2/U6 complex using an approach that integrates SAXS, NMR, and molecular modeling. The U2/U6 structure contains a three-helix junction that forms an extended "Y'' shape. The U6 internal stem-loop (ISL) forms a continuous stack with U2/U6 Helices Ib, Ia, and III. The coaxial stacking of Helix Ib on the U6 ISL is a configuration that is similar to the Domain V structure in group II introns. Interestingly, essential features of the complex-including the U80 metal binding site, AGC triad, and pre-mRNA recognition sites-localize to one face of the molecule. This observation suggests that the U2/U6 structure is well-suited for orienting substrate and cofactors during splicing catalysis. C1 [Burke, Jordan E.; Sashital, Dipali G.; Butcher, Samuel E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zuo, Xiaobing] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Chicago, IL 60437 USA. [Wang, Yun-Xing] NCI, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Butcher, SE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM butcher@biochem.wisc.edu RI Zuo, Xiaobing/F-1469-2010; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; OI Sashital, Dipali/0000-0001-7681-6987 FU NIH [P41RR02301 (BRTP/NCRR), P41GM66326 (NIGMS), RR02781, RR08438, T32 GM07215-34, GM065166]; University of Wisconsin; NSF [DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394]; USDA; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Lawrence Clos II, Marco Tonelli, and the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison (NMRFAM) staff as well as Soenke Seifert and the Advanced Photon Source (APS) staff for technical support. We also thank David Brow, Alex Grishaev, and all the members of the Butcher laboratory for helpful discussions. This study made use of the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, which is supported by NIH grants P41RR02301 (BRTP/NCRR) and P41GM66326 (NIGMS). Additional equipment was purchased with funds from the University of Wisconsin, the NIH (RR02781, RR08438), the NSF (DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394), and the USDA. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. J.E.B. was supported by NIH Predoctoral training grant T32 GM07215-34. This work was supported by NIH grant GM065166 to S.E.B. NR 72 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 19 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1355-8382 J9 RNA JI RNA-Publ. RNA Soc. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 673 EP 683 DI 10.1261/rna.031138.111 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 914MQ UT WOS:000301954600007 PM 22328579 ER PT J AU Setyawan, W Kurtz, RJ AF Setyawan, Wahyu Kurtz, Richard J. TI Effects of transition metals on the grain boundary cohesion in tungsten SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Grain boundary cohesion; Tungsten alloys; First-principles electron theory; Transition metals ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; FRACTURE AB The cohesion effect of transition metals on W grain boundaries (GBs) was studied via first-principles calculations. Systematic d-band filling for a given atomic environment results in trends of cleavage energy as a function of the solute's electronic valence across different GB sites. Various solutes were found to strengthen the GB. Furthermore, lower- and higher-valence elements enhance cohesion at different positions. This suggests that employing both lower-valence (Hf, Ta, Nb) and higher-valence solutes (Re, Os, Ru) may further increase intergranular cohesion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Setyawan, Wahyu; Kurtz, Richard J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Setyawan, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wahyu.setyawan@pnnl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. A portion of the research was performed using the EMSL supercomputer, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 18 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 66 IS 8 BP 558 EP 561 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.01.002 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 912QY UT WOS:000301815900015 ER PT J AU Bond-Lamberty, B Bronson, D Bladyka, E Gower, ST AF Bond-Lamberty, Ben Bronson, Dustin Bladyka, Emma Gower, Stith T. TI A comparison of trenched plot techniques for partitioning soil respiration (vol 43,pg 2108, 2011) SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Correction C1 [Bond-Lamberty, Ben] DOE Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Bronson, Dustin] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bladyka, Emma] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot & Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Gower, Stith T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bond-Lamberty, B (reprint author), DOE Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 1200, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM bondlamberty@pnnl.gov OI Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin/0000-0001-9525-4633 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 BP 220 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.003 PG 1 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 909KE UT WOS:000301562600027 ER PT J AU Mitra, S Wielopolski, L Omonode, R Novak, J Frederick, J Chan, ASK AF Mitra, S. Wielopolski, L. Omonode, R. Novak, J. Frederick, J. Chan, A. S. K. TI Non-invasive field measurements of soil water content using a pulsed 14 MeV neutron generator SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Non-invasive measurement; Soil water; Field studies; Pulsed 14 MeV neutrons; Prompt gamma-ray ID CARBON AB Current techniques of soil water content measurement are invasive and labor-intensive. Here, we demonstrate that an in situ soil carbon (C) analyzer with a multi-elemental analysis capability, developed for studies of terrestrial C sequestration, can be used concurrently to non-invasively measure the water content of large-volume (similar to 0.3 m(3)) soil samples. Our objectives were to investigate the correlations of the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) signals with water to the changes in the soil water content in laboratory experiments, and in an agricultural field. Implementing prompt gamma neutron activation analyses we showed that in the field, the signal from the H nucleus better indicates the soil water content than does that from the O nucleus. Using a field calibration, we were able to use the H signal to estimate a minimum detectable change of similar to 2% volumetric water in a 0-30 cm depth of soil. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mitra, S.; Wielopolski, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Omonode, R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Novak, J.] USDA ARS, USDA ARS Coastal Plains Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Frederick, J.] Clemson Univ, Pee Dee Res & Educ Ctr, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Chan, A. S. K.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mitra, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM smitra@bnl.gov FU Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This manuscript has been co-authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. We gratefully acknowledge Dr Oded Doron's and Mr Don Watt's help with the logistics for field measurements at the Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center (Darlington, SC). NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2012 VL 120 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.still.2011.12.009 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 911CO UT WOS:000301695100016 ER PT J AU Leu, BM Ching, TH Tran, C Sage, JT AF Leu, Bogdan M. Ching, Tom H. Cuong Tran Sage, J. Timothy TI Spectroscopic characterization of Fe-57-enriched cytochrome c SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cytochrome c; Fe-57; Metal substitution; Ferrous sulfate; Resonance Raman ID RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; HEMOGLOBIN; PORPHYRIN; HEMIN AB Investigation of the heme iron dynamics in cytochrome c with Mossbauer spectroscopy and especially nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy requires the replacement of the natural abundant heme iron with the Fe-57 isotope. For demetallization, we use a safer and milder ferrous sulfate-hydrochloric acid method in addition to the harsher commonly used hydrofluoric acid-based procedure. The structural integrity of the Fe-57-reconstituted protein in both oxidation states is confirmed from absorption spectra and a detailed analysis of the rich resonance Raman spectra. These results reinforce the application of metal-substituted heme c proteins as reliable models for the native proteins. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Leu, Bogdan M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Leu, Bogdan M.; Ching, Tom H.; Cuong Tran; Sage, J. Timothy] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Leu, Bogdan M.; Ching, Tom H.; Cuong Tran; Sage, J. Timothy] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Complex Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Leu, BM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM leu@aps.anl.gov RI Leu, Bogdan/J-9952-2015 OI Leu, Bogdan/0000-0003-2020-0686 FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1026369]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Abel Schejter for fruitful discussions and acknowledge generous support of this research from the National Science Foundation (CHE-1026369). Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2011.12.025 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 911XY UT WOS:000301759200018 PM 22310496 ER PT J AU Haft, RJF Gardner, JG Keating, DH AF Haft, Rembrandt J. F. Gardner, Jeffrey G. Keating, David H. TI Quantitative colorimetric measurement of cellulose degradation under microbial culture conditions SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cellulase; Cellulose degradation; Enzyme secretion; Bioprocessing; Cellvibrio japonicus ID CELL WALL DEGRADATION; ERWINIA-CHRYSANTHEMI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REDUCING SUGARS; CELLVIBRIO-JAPONICUS; PROTEINS; ASSAY; 2,2'-BICINCHONINATE; EXPRESSION; SECRETION AB We have developed a simple, rapid, quantitative colorimetric assay to measure cellulose degradation based on the absorbance shift of Congo red dye bound to soluble cellulose. We term this assay "Congo Red Analysis of Cellulose Concentration," or "CRACC." CRACC can be performed directly in culture media, including rich and defined media containing monosaccharides or disaccharides (such as glucose and cellobiose). We show example experiments from our laboratory that demonstrate the utility of CRACC in probing enzyme kinetics, quantifying cellulase secretion, and assessing the physiology of cellulolytic organisms. CRACC complements existing methods to assay cellulose degradation, and we discuss its utility for a variety of applications. C1 [Haft, Rembrandt J. F.; Gardner, Jeffrey G.; Keating, David H.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Keating, DH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 3554 Microbial Sci Bldg,1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dkeating@glbrc.wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We thank Matthew DeLisa and Nicole Perna for providing plasmids and genomic DNA derived from D. dadantii and Paul Weimer for guidance in framing the manuscript. This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 94 IS 1 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-3968-5 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 911VK UT WOS:000301747500022 PM 22391973 ER PT J AU Ballard, B Wycoff, D Birnbaum, ER John, KD Lenz, JW Jurisson, SS Cutler, CS Nortier, FM Taylor, WA Fassbender, ME AF Ballard, B. Wycoff, D. Birnbaum, E. R. John, K. D. Lenz, J. W. Jurisson, S. S. Cutler, C. S. Nortier, F. M. Taylor, W. A. Fassbender, M. E. TI Selenium-72 formation via Br-nat(p,x) induced by 100 MeV Protons: Steps towards a novel Se-72/As-72 generator system SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article DE Se-72/As generator; Br-nat(p,x) reaction; NaBr target; Thermal analysis; Se-72 recovery; Dithiocarbamate synthesis ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; RELEVANT; NABR AB Selenium-72 production by the proton bombardment of a natural NaBr target has been successfully demonstrated at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Isotope Production Facility (LANL-IPF). Arsenic-72 (half life 26 h) is a medium-lived positron emitting radionuclide with the major advantage of being formed as the daughter of another "generator" radioisotope (Se-72, 8.5 d). A Se-72/As-72 generator would be the preferred mechanism for clinical utilization of As-72 for positron emission tomography (PET). No portable Se-72/As-72 generator system has been demonstrated for convenient, repeated As-72 elution ("milking"). In this work, we describe Se-72 production and recovery from irradiated NaBr targets using a 100 MeV proton beam. We also introduce an As-72 generator principle based on Se-72 chelation followed by liquid-liquid extraction, which will be transferred to a solid-phase sorption/elution system. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ballard, B.; Birnbaum, E. R.; John, K. D.; Nortier, F. M.; Taylor, W. A.; Fassbender, M. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wycoff, D.; Jurisson, S. S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lenz, J. W.] John Lenz & Associates, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Cutler, C. S.] Univ Missouri, Missouri Univ Res Reactor Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Fassbender, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mifa@lanl.gov RI Ballard, Beau/E-2925-2017; OI Ballard, Beau/0000-0003-1206-9358; John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Science in the Office of Nuclear Physics FX The authors would like to acknowledge the efforts of the LANL Isotope Production Facility and Hot Cell Facility personnel for their support in conducting target irradiations, target transportation, and for their general operational support. The studies described in this paper were funded by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science via an award from The Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications sub-program in the Office of Nuclear Physics. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD APR PY 2012 VL 70 IS 4 BP 595 EP 601 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.01.018 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 913YW UT WOS:000301914300006 PM 22326368 ER PT J AU Shu, YP Bolton, AS Schlegel, DJ Dawson, KS Wake, DA Brownstein, JR Brinkmann, J Weaver, BA AF Shu, Yiping Bolton, Adam S. Schlegel, David J. Dawson, Kyle S. Wake, David A. Brownstein, Joel R. Brinkmann, Jon Weaver, Benjamin A. TI EVOLUTION OF THE VELOCITY-DISPERSION FUNCTION OF LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES: A HIERARCHICAL BAYESIAN MEASUREMENT SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; methods: statistical; techniques: spectroscopic ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LENS ACS SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; TO-LIGHT RATIO; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; DYNAMICAL MASSES; STELLAR SPECTRA; SDSS-III; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present a hierarchical Bayesian determination of the velocity-dispersion function of approximately 430,000 massive luminous red galaxies observed at relatively low spectroscopic signal-to-noise ratio (S/N similar to 3-5 per 69 km s(-1)) by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. We marginalize over spectroscopic redshift errors, and use the full velocity-dispersion likelihood function for each galaxy to make a self-consistent determination of the velocity-dispersion distribution parameters as a function of absolute magnitude and redshift, correcting as well for the effects of broadband magnitude errors on our binning. Parameterizing the distribution at each point in the luminosity-redshift plane with a log-normal form, we detect significant evolution in the width of the distribution toward higher intrinsic scatter at higher redshifts. Using a subset of deep re-observations of BOSS galaxies, we demonstrate that our distribution-parameter estimates are unbiased regardless of spectroscopic S/N. We also show through simulation that our method introduces no systematic parameter bias with redshift. We highlight the advantage of the hierarchical Bayesian method over frequentist "stacking" of spectra, and illustrate how our measured distribution parameters can be adopted as informative priors for velocity-dispersion measurements from individual noisy spectra. C1 [Shu, Yiping; Bolton, Adam S.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Brownstein, Joel R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Schlegel, David J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wake, David A.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Brinkmann, Jon] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Shu, YP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 South,1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM yiping.shu@utah.edu; bolton@astro.utah.edu FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/NotreDame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/NotreDame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, The University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 143 IS 4 AR 90 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/143/4/90 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 913JE UT WOS:000301872800013 ER PT J AU Cao, Z Schlebach, JP Park, C Bowie, JU AF Cao, Zheng Schlebach, Jonathan P. Park, Chiwook Bowie, James U. TI Thermodynamic stability of bacteriorhodopsin mutants measured relative to the bacterioopsin unfolded state SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE Membrane protein; Protein folding; Folding kinetics; SDS ID INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE; POLYPEPTIDE FRAGMENTS; DENATURATION; RENATURATION; SPECTROSCOPY; MICELLES; FORMS AB The stability of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) has often been assessed using SDS unfolding assays that monitor the transition of folded bR (bR(f)) to unfolded (bR(u)). While many criteria suggest that the unfolding curves reflect thermodynamic stability, slow retinal (RET) hydrolysis during refolding makes it impossible to perform the most rigorous test for equilibrium, i.e., superimposable unfolding and refolding curves. Here we made a new equilibrium test by asking whether the refolding rate in the transition zone is faster than RET hydrolysis. We find that under conditions we have used previously, refolding is in fact slower than hydrolysis, strongly suggesting that equilibrium is not achieved. Instead, the apparent free energy values reported previously are dominated by unfolding rates. To assess how different the true equilibrium values are, we employed an alternative method by measuring the transition of bR(f) to unfolded bacterioopsin (bO(u)), the RET-free form of unfolded protein. The bR(f)-to-bO(u) transition is fully reversible, particular when we add excess RET. We compared the difference in unfolding free energies for 13 bR mutants measured by both assays. For 12 of the 13 mutants with a wide range of stabilities, the results are essentially the same within experimental error. The congruence of the results is fortuitous and suggests the energetic effects of most mutations may be focused on the folded state. The bR(f)-to-bO(u) reaction is inconvenient because many days are required to reach equilibrium, but it is the preferable measure of thermodynamic stability. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Folding in Membranes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cao, Zheng; Bowie, James U.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Schlebach, Jonathan P.; Park, Chiwook] Purdue Univ, Dept Med Chem & Mol Pharmacol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Boyer Hall,611 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bowie@mbi.ucla.edu OI Cao, Zheng/0000-0002-9147-5540; Park, Chiwook/0000-0002-2161-6459 FU NIH [R01GM063919] FX This work was supported by NIH grant R01GM063919 to JUB. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 1818 IS 4 SI SI BP 1049 EP 1054 DI 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.08.019 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 911YV UT WOS:000301761500015 PM 21880269 ER PT J AU Ji, CS Sarathy, SM Veloo, PS Westbrook, CK Egolfopoulos, FN AF Ji, Chunsheng Sarathy, S. Mani Veloo, Peter S. Westbrook, Charles K. Egolfopoulos, Fokion N. TI Effects of fuel branching on the propagation of octane isomers flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Flame propagation; Branched alkanes; Octane isomers; Fuel surrogates; Kinetic models ID SHOCK-TUBE IGNITION; N-HEPTANE; LIQUID FUELS; ISOOCTANE IGNITION; SURROGATE MIXTURES; ELEVATED PRESSURES; RAPID COMPRESSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; ISO-OCTANE/AIR; JET-A AB Laminar flame speeds of mixtures of air with 3-methylheptane/air, 2,5-dimethylhexane/air, and iso-octane/air, were determined for a wide range of equivalence ratios in the counterflow configuration at atmospheric pressure, and an unburned mixture temperature of 353 K. The results were compared against those obtained in recent investigations for n-octane/air and 2-methylheptane/air flames. It was determined that n-octane/air flames propagate the fastest, followed by 2- and 3-methylheptane/air, 2,5-dimethylhexane/air, and iso-octane/air flames, confirming that the overall reactivity decreases as the extent of fuel branching increases. The experimental data were modeled using a combination of recently developed kinetic models. Detailed sensitivity and reaction path analyses were performed in order to provide further insight into the high temperature oxidation chemistry of the octane isomers. It was determined that for all octane isomers, flame propagation is largely sensitive to H-2/CO and C-1-C-4 kinetics, while the effects of fuel-related reactions were found to be minor. Additionally, the analysis of the computed flame structures revealed that the low reactivity of branched isomers could be attributed to the production of unreactive. H-scavenging, resonantly stabilized intermediates such as propene, allyl, and iso-butene. Although fuel specific reactions do not exert a first order effect on flame propagation, the products of the initial fuel decomposition affect the concentrations of C-1-C-4 intermediates, whose subsequent reactions are responsible for the observed differences in the overall flame reactivity among all isomers. (C) 2011 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ji, Chunsheng; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Sarathy, S. Mani; Westbrook, Charles K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Veloo, Peter S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Egolfopoulos, FN (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM egolfopo@usc.edu RI Veloo, Peter/G-1196-2010; Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; OI Veloo, Peter/0000-0003-1135-4018; Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Egolfopoulos, Fokion/0000-0002-7115-5304 FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0168, FA9550-08-1-0040]; LLNL; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The work was sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research AFOSR (Grants No. FA9550-07-1-0168 and FA9550-08-1-0040) under the technical supervision of Dr. Julian M. Tishkoff. The portion of this work supported by LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 69 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD APR PY 2012 VL 159 IS 4 BP 1426 EP 1436 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.12.004 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 910JF UT WOS:000301632300007 ER PT J AU Hayes, DJ Turner, DP Stinson, G McGuire, AD Wei, YX West, TO Heath, LS Dejong, B McConkey, BG Birdsey, RA Kurz, WA Jacobson, AR Huntzinger, DN Pan, YD Mac Post, W Cook, RB AF Hayes, Daniel J. Turner, David P. Stinson, Graham McGuire, A. David Wei, Yaxing West, Tristram O. Heath, Linda S. Dejong, Bernardus McConkey, Brian G. Birdsey, Richard A. Kurz, Werner A. Jacobson, Andrew R. Huntzinger, Deborah N. Pan, Yude Mac Post, W. Cook, Robert B. TI Reconciling estimates of the contemporary North American carbon balance among terrestrial biosphere models, atmospheric inversions, and a new approach for estimating net ecosystem exchange from inventory-based data SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; carbon cycle; climate change; CO2 emissions; CO2 sinks; forests; inventory; modeling; North America ID LAND-USE CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; VERTICAL PROFILES; FLUX INVERSION; CO2; FOREST; SINKS; CYCLE; RESOLUTION; DYNAMICS AB We develop an approach for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) using inventory-based information over North America (NA) for a recent 7-year period (ca. 2000-2006). The approach notably retains information on the spatial distribution of NEE, or the vertical exchange between land and atmosphere of all non-fossil fuel sources and sinks of CO2, while accounting for lateral transfers of forest and crop products as well as their eventual emissions. The total NEE estimate of a -327 similar to +/-similar to 252 similar to TgC similar to yr-1 sink for NA was driven primarily by CO2 uptake in the Forest Lands sector (-248 similar to TgC similar to yr-1), largely in the Northwest and Southeast regions of the US, and in the Crop Lands sector (-297 similar to TgC similar to yr-1), predominantly in the Midwest US states. These sinks are counteracted by the carbon source estimated for the Other Lands sector (+218 similar to TgC similar to yr-1), where much of the forest and crop products are assumed to be returned to the atmosphere (through livestock and human consumption). The ecosystems of Mexico are estimated to be a small net source (+18 similar to TgC similar to yr-1) due to land use change between 1993 and 2002. We compare these inventory-based estimates with results from a suite of terrestrial biosphere and atmospheric inversion models, where the mean continental-scale NEE estimate for each ensemble is -511 similar to TgC similar to yr-1 and -931 similar to TgC similar to yr-1, respectively. In the modeling approaches, all sectors, including Other Lands, were generally estimated to be a carbon sink, driven in part by assumed CO2 fertilization and/or lack of consideration of carbon sources from disturbances and product emissions. Additional fluxes not measured by the inventories, although highly uncertain, could add an additional -239 similar to TgC similar to yr-1 to the inventory-based NA sink estimate, thus suggesting some convergence with the modeling approaches. C1 [Hayes, Daniel J.; Wei, Yaxing; Mac Post, W.; Cook, Robert B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Turner, David P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stinson, Graham; Kurz, Werner A.] Forestry Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [West, Tristram O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Heath, Linda S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Dejong, Bernardus] El Colegio Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, Mexico. [McConkey, Brian G.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON KIA 0C5, Canada. [Birdsey, Richard A.; Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Jacobson, Andrew R.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Huntzinger, Deborah N.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Hayes, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hayesdj@ornl.gov RI Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; Hayes, Daniel/B-8968-2012; West, Tristram/C-5699-2013; Wei, Yaxing/K-1507-2013; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; OI West, Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125; Wei, Yaxing/0000-0001-6924-0078; Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302; Kurz, Werner/0000-0003-4576-7849 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; USDA CSREES [2008-35615-18959]; NASA [NNX10AT66G, NNX09AL51G] FX Research was conducted in part at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle for DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The research reported in this paper was supported by multiple sources, including USDA CSREES grant 2008-35615-18959, NASA New Investigator Program grant NNX10AT66G and NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program grant NNX09AL51G. The authors would like to thank all of the modeling teams participating in the North American Carbon program and providing simulation result for this analysis through the Regional-Continental Interim Synthesis activity (http://nacarbon.org) and Robert Andres of the Los Alamos National Laboratory for provision of the data on fossil fuel emissions. We also acknowledge the efforts of Chris Williams, Jim Collatz, and the anonymous reviewers for greatly improving the quality of this manuscript through their added insight and constructive criticism. NR 80 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 1282 EP 1299 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02627.x PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 909AB UT WOS:000301533100007 ER PT J AU Macrakis, K Bell, EK Perry, DL Sweeder, RD AF Macrakis, Kristie Bell, Elizabeth K. Perry, Dale L. Sweeder, Ryan D. TI Invisible Ink Revealed: Concept, Context, and Chemical Principles of "Cold War" Writing SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE First-Year Undergraduate/General; Inorganic Chemistry; Laboratory Instruction; Physical Chemistry; Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives; Problem Solving/Decision Making; Acids/Bases; Catalysis; Forensic Chemistry; Oxidation/Reduction; History AB By modifying secret writing formulas uncovered from the archives of the East German Ministry of State Security (MfS or Stasi), a novel general chemistry secret writing laboratory was developed. The laboratory combines science and history that highlights several fundamental chemical principles related to the writing. These include catalysis, redox reactions, kinetics, complex formation-precipitation, and acid-base reactions. After a background historical presentation, students don the mantle of counterintelligence to discover the location of a terrorist bomb on campus. In the process of deciphering the secret message, they pull together the chemical concepts to "save the day". C1 [Perry, Dale L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bell, Elizabeth K.; Sweeder, Ryan D.] Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48825 USA. [Macrakis, Kristie] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Hist Technol & Soc, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Perry, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dlperry@lbl.gov OI Sweeder, Ryan/0000-0002-5488-4927 FU NSF [SES9811494]; Fulbright Commission; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The two principal investigators (K.M. and R.D.S.) of this work and D.L.P. are especially grateful to the anonymous reviewers of the manuscript who provided detailed and stimulating comments. Thanks also to Robert L. LaDuca for providing the X-ray diffraction analysis. K.M. wishes also to acknowledge an NSF Grant No. SES9811494 & Fulbright Commission Award. One of the authors (D.L.P.) wishes to acknowledge support of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD APR PY 2012 VL 89 IS 4 BP 529 EP 532 DI 10.1021/ed2003252 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 910YI UT WOS:000301684100022 ER PT J AU Milko, LV Haddad, NM Lance, SL AF Milko, Laura V. Haddad, Nick M. Lance, Stacey L. TI Dispersal via stream corridors structures populations of the endangered St. Francis' satyr butterfly (Neonympha mitchellii francisci) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Neonympha mitchellii francisci; Satyrinae; Butterfly; Microsatellite; STR; Corridors ID POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; GENE FLOW; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; DNA; SOFTWARE; SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE AB Habitat fragmentation may reduce gene flow and population viability of rare species. We tested whether riparian corridors enhanced gene flow and if human habitat modification between riparian corridors subsequently reduced dispersal and gene flow of a wetland butterfly, the US federally endangered St. Francis' satyr butterfly (Neonympha mitchellii francisci). We surveyed nine populations throughout the taxon's range using five polymorphic microsatellite loci. We found that genetic diversity of N. m. francisci was relatively high despite its restricted distribution, and that there is little evidence of population bottlenecks or extensive inbreeding within populations. We found substantial gene flow and detectable first generation migration, suggesting that N. m. francisci is unlikely to be currently endangered by genetic factors. Pairwise population differentiation and clustering indicate some structuring between populations on different drainages and suggest that dispersal probably occurs mainly via a stepping stone from the closest riparian corridors. However, genetic differentiation between geographically close populations suggests that isolation by distance is not solely responsible for population structure, and that management actions should be targeted at maintaining connectivity of riparian and upland habitats. C1 [Milko, Laura V.; Haddad, Nick M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Milko, LV (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM laura.milko@gmail.com RI perumal, murugiah/D-1565-2012; Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU Ft. Bragg Endangered Species Branch, Department of Defense, Department of the Army, MIPR [8MUSGP3485]; Erich Hoffman of the Department of Public Works at Fort Bragg; DOD; Department of the Army FX This work was supported by funds from Ft. Bragg Endangered Species Branch, Department of Defense, Department of the Army, MIPR# 8MUSGP3485. We thank Erich Hoffman of the Department of Public Works at Fort Bragg, DOD, Department of the Army and Brian Ball of the Endangered Species Branch at Fort Bragg, DOD, Department of the Army for their support. We are also grateful to Steve Hall of the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program for providing guidance, expertise, and DNA specimens at the outset of this project. We also wish to thank Heather Lessig for field assistance and Johnny Wilson for invaluable assistance with creating Fig. 1. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1366-638X J9 J INSECT CONSERV JI J. Insect Conserv. PD APR PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 263 EP 273 DI 10.1007/s10841-011-9413-8 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 909TV UT WOS:000301588900010 ER PT J AU Sherby, OD Wadsworth, J Lesuer, DR Syn, CK AF Sherby, O. D. Wadsworth, J. Lesuer, D. R. Syn, C. K. TI Martensite in quenched Fe-C steels and Engel-Brewer electron theory of crystal structures SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Martensite; Quenched Fe-C steels; Engel-Brewer theory; Carbon solubility; Transformations; Hardness ID LATTICE-PARAMETERS; STAINLESS-STEELS; IRON-CARBON; TRANSFORMATION; ALLOYS; TEMPERATURES; PARTICLES; PRESSURE; STRENGTH; KBAR AB The Engel-Brewer (E-B) electron theory of crystal structures has been used to develop a model of lath martensite formation in quenched Fe-C steels. Lath martensite is described as a cluster of eight iron atoms surrounding each carbon atom in a matrix of fine subgrained body centred cubic iron. The E-B theory is used to describe the valence state of the cluster and the matrix of iron. Three sequential transformations take place during quenching, involving face centred cubic austenite with valence of 3, hexagonal close packed hexagonite with valence of 2 and body centred cubic ferrite with valence of 1. The E-B theory predicts the maximum solubility of carbon in hexagonal close packed iron, i.e. hexagonite, to be 2.625 at-%C, supporting the phenomenological value of 2.75 at-%C (0.6 wt-%C). The electron binding energies associated with the creation of hexagonite are consistent with experimental observations. The E-B theory also predicts the volume change from austenite to hexagonite and from hexagonite to ferrite that is in agreement with the values obtained from pressure-temperature studies. The exceptional hardness of lath martensite is attributed to the presence of iron-carbon clusters and subgrains and is proportional to its specific volume. C1 [Lesuer, D. R.; Syn, C. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Wadsworth, J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Sherby, O. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Syn, CK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM syn1@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Battelle FX The present work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Battelle also provided financial support. O. D. Sherby and J. Wadsworth gratefully acknowledge financial support from Battelle. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 16 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0267-0836 J9 MATER SCI TECH-LOND JI Mater. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 471 EP 480 DI 10.1179/1743284711Y.0000000068 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 913SC UT WOS:000301896700014 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Yan, F Zhang, SL Lei, DS Charles, MA Cavigiolio, G Oda, M Krauss, RM Weisgraber, KH Rye, KA Pownall, HJ Qiu, XY Ren, G AF Zhang, Lei Yan, Feng Zhang, Shengli Lei, Dongsheng Charles, M. Arthur Cavigiolio, Giorgio Oda, Michael Krauss, Ronald M. Weisgraber, Karl H. Rye, Kerry-Anne Pownall, Henry J. Qiu, Xiayang Ren, Gang TI Structural basis of transfer between lipoproteins by cholesteryl ester transfer protein SO NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; NEGATIVE-STAINING PROTOCOL; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DIFFERENT SIZES; NEUTRAL LIPIDS; HEART-DISEASE; A-I; RESOLUTION; MODEL AB Human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the net transfer of cholesteryl ester mass from atheroprotective high-density lipoproteins to atherogenic low-density lipoproteins by an unknown mechanism. Delineating this mechanism would be an important step toward the rational design of new CETP inhibitors for treating cardiovascular diseases. Using EM, single-particle image processing and molecular dynamics simulation, we discovered that CETP bridges a ternary complex with its N-terminal beta-barrel domain penetrating into high-density lipoproteins and its C-terminal domain interacting with low-density lipoprotein or very-low-density lipoprotein. In our mechanistic model, the CETP lipoprotein-interacting regions, which are highly mobile, form pores that connect to a hydrophobic central cavity, thereby forming a tunnel for transfer of neutral lipids from donor to acceptor lipoproteins. These new insights into CETP transfer provide a molecular basis for analyzing mechanisms for CETP inhibition. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Ren, Gang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Lei; Yan, Feng; Charles, M. Arthur; Ren, Gang] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Zhang, Lei; Zhang, Shengli; Lei, Dongsheng; Ren, Gang] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Cavigiolio, Giorgio; Oda, Michael; Krauss, Ronald M.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Weisgraber, Karl H.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Rye, Kerry-Anne] Heart Res Inst, Lipid Res Grp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Rye, Kerry-Anne] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Rye, Kerry-Anne] Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Pownall, Henry J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Qiu, Xiayang] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gren@lbl.gov RI Zhang, Lei/G-6427-2012; Zhang, Shengli/G-5219-2010 OI Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-4880-824X; FU Basic Energy Sciences-US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; W. M. Keck Foundation [011808]; Chinese Ministry of Education [708082]; US National Institutes of Health [NIH-HL077268]; Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of California [16FT-0163] FX We thank D.A. Agard, I. Bahar and K. Dill for valuable discussions and A. Cheng and J. Song for helpful comments. This work was supported by Basic Energy Sciences-US Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231) and the W. M. Keck Foundation (no. 011808); the Keygrant Project of the Chinese Ministry of Education no. 708082 (S.Z.); US National Institutes of Health grant NIH-HL077268 and Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of California grant 16FT-0163 (M.O.). NR 41 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1552-4450 J9 NAT CHEM BIOL JI Nat. Chem. Biol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 342 EP 349 DI 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.796 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 913PO UT WOS:000301890100008 PM 22344176 ER PT J AU de la Venta, J Basaran, AC Grant, T Machado, AJS Suchomel, MR Weber, RT Fisk, Z Schuller, IK AF de la Venta, J. Basaran, Ali C. Grant, T. Machado, A. J. S. Suchomel, M. R. Weber, R. T. Fisk, Z. Schuller, Ivan K. TI Methodology and search for superconductivity in the La-Si-C system (vol 24, 075017, 2011) SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [de la Venta, J.; Basaran, Ali C.; Schuller, Ivan K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [de la Venta, J.; Basaran, Ali C.; Schuller, Ivan K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Adv Nanosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Grant, T.; Machado, A. J. S.; Fisk, Z.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Machado, A. J. S.] EEL Univ Sao Paulo, BR-12600970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Suchomel, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Weber, R. T.] Bruker BioSpin Corp, EPR Div, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP de la Venta, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jdelaventa@physics.ucsd.edu RI Machado, Antonio /F-6130-2012; Basaran, Ali/K-2563-2013 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 AR 049501 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/4/049501 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 913MS UT WOS:000301882700014 ER PT J AU Ijaduola, AO Wee, SH Goyal, A Martin, PM Li, J Thompson, JR Christen, DK AF Ijaduola, A. O. Wee, S. H. Goyal, A. Martin, P. M. Li, J. Thompson, J. R. Christen, D. K. TI Critical currents, magnetic relaxation and pinning in NdBa2Cu3O7-delta films with BaZrO3-generated columnar defects SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; BA-CU-O; CREEP ACTIVATION-ENERGY; SELF-ASSEMBLED NANODOTS; FLUX-CREEP; ALIGNED YBA2CU3O7-X; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; COATED CONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CURRENT DENSITIES AB The critical current density J(c) and the magnetic relaxation ('creep') properties have been studied for a set of NdBa2Cu3O7-delta (NdBCO) films doped with BaZrO3 (BZO) nanoparticles to form columnar defects. The dependence of Jc on the magnitude and orientation of the applied magnetic field H-app (0-6.5 T) and temperature T (5 K-T-c) was investigated. The normalized flux-creep rate S = -dln(J)/dln(t) was determined as a function of T. The current dependence of the effective activation energy U-eff(J) was derived using the formalism developed by Maley. The results are well described by an inverse power law type barrier of the form U-eff(J) similar to U-0(J(0)/J)(mu) with fitted values for the pinning energy scale U-0 and the glassy exponent mu. When comparing values for these parameters in the BZO-doped samples with those for their undoped control counterparts, the most striking difference is the larger scale of current density J(0) in the doped samples (a factor of 2.4 higher), while the other pinning parameters do not differ strongly. In the BZO-doped materials, the pinning energy scale U-0 increases with vortex density and J(0) decreases, with both following simple power law dependences on the field. C1 [Wee, S. H.; Goyal, A.; Martin, P. M.; Li, J.; Thompson, J. R.; Christen, D. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ijaduola, A. O.; Thompson, J. R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Ijaduola, AO (reprint author), N Georgia Coll & State Univ, Dept Phys, Dahlonega, GA 30597 USA. EM jrt@utk.edu FU Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences-Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability-Advanced Cables and Conductors FX JL would like to thank Oak Ridge Associated Universities for a postdoctoral fellowship. The work of AOI was sponsored by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences-Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; the work of JRT, SHW, AG, PMM, JL and DKC was supported by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability-Advanced Cables and Conductors. This research was performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the USDOE. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 AR 045013 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/4/045013 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 913MS UT WOS:000301882700013 ER PT J AU Selvamanickam, V Chen, Y Zhang, Y Guevara, A Shi, T Yao, Y Majkic, G Lei, C Galtsyan, E Miller, DJ AF Selvamanickam, V. Chen, Y. Zhang, Y. Guevara, A. Shi, T. Yao, Y. Majkic, G. Lei, C. Galtsyan, E. Miller, D. J. TI Effect of rare-earth composition on microstructure and pinning properties of Zr-doped (Gd, Y)Ba2Cu3Ox superconducting tapes SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; FILMS AB The effect of changing Gd + Y content from 1.2 to 1.6 in the precursor of (Gd, Y)Ba2Cu3O7 superconducting thin film tapes made by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at a constant Gd:Y ratio and a fixed Zr content of 7.5% has been studied. The influence of changing the Gd:Y ratio from Gd = 0 to Y = 0 in 0.2 mol steps at a constant Gd + Y content of 1.2 in the precursor has also been investigated at a fixed Zr content of 7.5%. The critical current of these films is found to vary significantly as a function of rare-earth content as well as a function of rare-earth type. Even for a fixed Zr content, it is found that the critical current in the orientation of magnetic field parallel to the a-b plane and that in the orientation of field perpendicular to the a-b plane can be systematically varied with changing Gd + Y content as well as with changing Gd:Y ratio. The nanoscale defect structures along the a-b plane and along the c-axis are found to be sensitive to these changes in rare-earth content and type. C1 [Selvamanickam, V.; Zhang, Y.; Guevara, A.; Shi, T.; Yao, Y.; Majkic, G.; Galtsyan, E.] Univ Houston, Dept Mech Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Selvamanickam, V.; Zhang, Y.; Guevara, A.; Shi, T.; Yao, Y.; Majkic, G.; Galtsyan, E.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chen, Y.; Lei, C.] SuperPower Inc, Schenectady, NY 12304 USA. [Miller, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Miller, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Selvamanickam, V (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Mech Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. FU US Department of Energy; USDOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U. Chicago Argonne, LLC FX The work at the University of Houston and SuperPower was partially supported by the US Department of Energy. The research at the Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the USDOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 between U. Chicago Argonne, LLC, and the USDOE. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 AR 045012 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/4/045012 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 913MS UT WOS:000301882700012 ER PT J AU Korycansky, DG Plesko, CS AF Korycansky, D. G. Plesko, C. S. TI Effects of stand-off bursts on rubble-pile targets: Evaluation of a hazardous asteroid mitigation strategy SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article DE Asteroid hazard mitigation; N-body dynamics ID LOW-SPEED IMPACTS; COLLECTIONS; POLYHEDRA AB We explore the aftereffects of stand-off burst mitigation on kilometer-scale rubble pile asteroids. We use a simple model of X-ray energy deposition to calculate the impulse transferred to the target, in particular to burst-facing blocks on the target surface. The impulse allows us to estimate an initial velocity field for the blocks on the outer side of the target facing the burst. We model the dynamics using an N-body polyhedron program built on the Open Dynamics Engine, a "physics engine" that integrates the dynamical equations for objects of general shapes and includes collision detection, friction, and dissipation. We tested several different models for target objects: rubble piles with different mass distributions, a "brick-pile" made of closely fitting blocks and zero void space, and a non-spherical "contact binary" rubble pile. Objects were bound together by self-gravity and friction/inelastic restitution with no other cohesive forces. Our fiducial cases involved objects of m=3.5 x 10(12) kg (corresponding to a radius of 0.7 km for the bulk object), an X-ray yield of 1 megaton, and stand-off burst distances of R=0.8-2.5 km from the target center of mass. Kilometer-scale rubble piles are robust to stand-off bursts of a yield (Y similar to 1 megaton) that would be sufficient to provide an effective velocity change (Delta nu similar to 0.05 m s(-1)). Disaggregation involving some tens of percent of the target mass happens immediately after the impulse; the bulk of the object re-accretes on a few gravitational timescales, and the final deflected target contains over 95% (typically, 98-99%) of the original mass. Off-center components of the mitigation impulse and the target mass distribution cause a small amount of induced spin and off-axis components of velocity change. The off-axis velocity component amounts to an angular deviation of similar to 0.05-0.1 radians from the nominal impulse vector, which may be important for mitigation planning. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Korycansky, D. G.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth Sci, CODEP, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Plesko, C. S.] Los Alamos Natl Labs, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Korycansky, DG (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth Sci, CODEP, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM kory@pmc.ucsc.edu; plesko@lanl.gov FU NASA [NNX07AQ04G] FX This work was supported by NASA Planetary and Geophysics Program Grant NNX07AQ04G. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD APR-MAY PY 2012 VL 73 BP 10 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.10.019 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 900CC UT WOS:000300863200002 ER PT J AU Mosher, JJ Phelps, TJ Podar, M Hurt, RA Campbell, JH Drake, MM Moberly, JG Schadt, CW Brown, SD Hazen, TC Arkin, AP Palumbo, AV Faybishenko, BA Elias, DA AF Mosher, Jennifer J. Phelps, Tommy J. Podar, Mircea Hurt, Richard A., Jr. Campbell, James H. Drake, Meghan M. Moberly, James G. Schadt, Christopher W. Brown, Steven D. Hazen, Terry C. Arkin, Adam P. Palumbo, Anthony V. Faybishenko, Boris A. Elias, Dwayne A. TI Microbial Community Succession during Lactate Amendment and Electron Acceptor Limitation Reveals a Predominance of Metal-Reducing Pelosinus spp. SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID URANIUM REDUCTION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; U(VI) REDUCTION; SP NOV.; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; SUBMICROMOLAR LEVELS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB The determination of the success of in situ bioremediation strategies is complex. By using controlled laboratory conditions, the influence of individual variables, such as U(VI), Cr(VI), and electron donors and acceptors on community structure, dynamics, and the metal-reducing potential can be studied. Triplicate anaerobic, continuous-flow reactors were inoculated with Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater from the Hanford, WA, 100-H area, amended with lactate, and incubated for 95 days to obtain stable, enriched communities. The reactors were kept anaerobic with N-2 gas (9 ml/min) flushing the headspace and were fed a defined medium amended with 30 mM lactate and 0.05 mM sulfate with a 48-h generation time. The resultant diversity decreased from 63 genera within 12 phyla to 11 bacterial genera (from 3 phyla) and 2 archaeal genera (from 1 phylum). Final communities were dominated by Pelosinus spp. and to a lesser degree, Acetobacterium spp., with low levels of other organisms, including methanogens. Four new strains of Pelosinus were isolated, with 3 strains being capable of Cr(VI) reduction while one also reduced U(VI). Under limited sulfate, it appeared that the sulfate reducers, including Desulfovibrio spp., were outcompeted. These results suggest that during times of electron acceptor limitation in situ, organisms such as Pelosinus spp. may outcompete the more-well-studied organisms while maintaining overall metal reduction rates and extents. Finally, lab-scale simulations can test new strategies on a smaller scale while facilitating community member isolation, so that a deeper understanding of community metabolism can be revealed. C1 [Mosher, Jennifer J.; Phelps, Tommy J.; Podar, Mircea; Hurt, Richard A., Jr.; Campbell, James H.; Drake, Meghan M.; Moberly, James G.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Brown, Steven D.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.; Faybishenko, Boris A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Elias, DA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM eliasda@ornl.gov RI Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Drake, Meghan/A-6446-2011; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012; Faybishenko, Boris/G-3363-2015; OI Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Drake, Meghan/0000-0001-7969-4823; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993; Faybishenko, Boris/0000-0003-0085-8499; Moberly, James/0000-0003-0950-0952; Podar, Mircea/0000-0003-2776-0205 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of Tennessee UT-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work, conducted by ENIGMA, was supported in part by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by University of Tennessee UT-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 60 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 7 BP 2082 EP 2091 DI 10.1128/AEM.07165-11 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 906KP UT WOS:000301344300002 PM 22267668 ER PT J AU Groff, D Benke, PI Batth, TS Bokinsky, G Petzold, CJ Adams, PD Keasling, JD AF Groff, Dan Benke, Peter I. Batth, Tanveer S. Bokinsky, Gregory Petzold, Christopher J. Adams, Paul D. Keasling, Jay D. TI Supplementation of Intracellular XylR Leads to Coutilization of Hemicellulose Sugars SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BIOMASS; METABOLISM; STRAINS; SYSTEM AB Escherichia coli has the potential to be a powerful biocatalyst for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into useful materials such as biofuels and polymers. One important challenge in using E. coli for the transformation of biomass sugars is diauxie, or sequential utilization of different types of sugars. We demonstrate that, by increasing the intracellular levels of the transcription factor XylR, the preferential consumption of arabinose before xylose can be eliminated. In addition, XylR augmentation must be finely tuned for robust coutilization of these two hemicellulosic sugars. Using a novel technique for scarless gene insertion, an additional copy of xylR was inserted into the araBAD operon. The resulting strain was superior at cometabolizing mixtures of arabinose and xylose and was able to produce at least 36% more ethanol than wild-type strains. This strain is a useful starting point for the development of an E. coli biocatalyst that can simultaneously convert all biomass sugars. C1 [Groff, Dan; Benke, Peter I.; Batth, Tanveer S.; Bokinsky, Gregory; Petzold, Christopher J.; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Groff, Dan; Bokinsky, Gregory; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Groff, Dan; Bokinsky, Gregory; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Synthet Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petzold, Christopher J.; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU University of California; Joint BioEnergy Institute; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the University of California Discovery Grant program and LS9 and by the Joint BioEnergy Institute (www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 7 BP 2221 EP 2229 DI 10.1128/AEM.06761-11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 906KP UT WOS:000301344300017 PM 22286982 ER PT J AU Eichorst, SA Kuske, CR AF Eichorst, Stephanie A. Kuske, Cheryl R. TI Identification of Cellulose-Responsive Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Geographically and Edaphically Different Soils by Using Stable Isotope Probing SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GEN. NOV.; SEQUENCE DATA; FOREST SOILS; CARBON; ACIDOBACTERIA; WORLD; PHYLUM; DNA; CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA AB Many bacteria and fungi are known to degrade cellulose in culture, but their combined response to cellulose in different soils is unknown. Replicate soil microcosms amended with [C-13] cellulose were used to identify bacterial and fungal communities responsive to cellulose in five geographically and edaphically different soils. The diversity and composition of the cellulose-responsive communities were assessed by DNA-stable isotope probing combined with Sanger sequencing of small-subunit and large-subunit rRNA genes for the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. In each soil, the C-13-enriched, cellulose-responsive communities were of distinct composition compared to the original soil community or C-12-nonenriched communities. The composition of cellulose-responsive taxa, as identified by sequence operational taxonomic unit (OTU) similarity, differed in each soil. When OTUs were grouped at the bacterial order level, we found that members of the Burkholderiales, Caulobacteriales, Rhizobiales, Sphingobacteriales, Xanthomonadales, and the subdivision 1 Acidobacteria were prevalent in the C-13-enriched DNA in at least three of the soils. The cellulose-responsive fungi were identified as members of the Trichocladium, Chaetomium, Dactylaria, and Arthrobotrys genera, along with two novel Ascomycota clusters, unique to one soil. Although similarities were identified in higher-level taxa among some soils, the composition of cellulose-responsive bacteria and fungi was generally unique to a certain soil type, suggesting a strong potential influence of multiple edaphic factors in shaping the community. C1 [Eichorst, Stephanie A.; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov RI Eichorst, Stephanie A/A-1079-2017 OI Eichorst, Stephanie A/0000-0002-9017-7461 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) [20080464ER]; U.S. Department of Energy [2010LANLF260]; U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI) at Los Alamos National Laboratory; JGI; LDRD FX The pinon soil component of this study was funded by the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (LDRD grant no. 20080464ER to C.R.K.). The expansion to include other soils in the comparison was supported by a U.S. Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research Science Focus Area grant to C.R.K. (grant no. 2010LANLF260). Sequencing was provided by the U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI) at Los Alamos National Laboratory with LDRD and JGI funding. NR 63 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 8 U2 75 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 7 BP 2316 EP 2327 DI 10.1128/AEM.07313-11 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 906KP UT WOS:000301344300028 PM 22287013 ER PT J AU DeAngelis, KM Firestone, MK AF DeAngelis, Kristen M. Firestone, Mary K. TI Phylogenetic Clustering of Soil Microbial Communities by 16S rRNA but Not 16S rRNA Genes SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COPY NUMBER; GROWTH-RATE; BACTERIAL; PATTERNS; DNA; BIOFILMS; ECOLOGY; BIOMASS; RATIOS; BIAS AB We evaluated phylogenetic clustering of bacterial and archaeal communities from redox-dynamic subtropical forest soils that were defined by 16S rRNA and rRNA gene sequences. We observed significant clustering for the RNA-based communities but not the DNA-based communities, as well as increasing clustering over time of the highly active taxa detected by only rRNA. C1 [DeAngelis, Kristen M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [DeAngelis, Kristen M.; Firestone, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Ecol, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Firestone, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP DeAngelis, KM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM kristen@post.harvard.edu OI DeAngelis, Kristen/0000-0002-5585-4551 FU NSF [DEB-0089783]; Seaborg Fellowship; DOE-LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded in part by NSF grant DEB-0089783, a Seaborg Fellowship to K.M.D., and the DOE-LBNL contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 44 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 7 BP 2459 EP 2461 DI 10.1128/AEM.07547-11 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 906KP UT WOS:000301344300047 PM 22286992 ER PT J AU Han, RY Qin, LP Brown, ST Christensen, JN Beller, HR AF Han, Ruyang Qin, Liping Brown, Shaun T. Christensen, John N. Beller, Harry R. TI Differential Isotopic Fractionation during Cr(VI) Reduction by an Aquifer-Derived Bacterium under Aerobic versus Denitrifying Conditions SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; RESISTANCE; SULFATE AB We studied Cr isotopic fractionation during Cr(VI) reduction by Pseudomonas stutzeri strain RCH2. Despite the fact that strain RCH2 reduces Cr(VI) cometabolically under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions and at similar specific rates, fractionation was markedly different under these two conditions (epsilon was similar to 2% aerobically and similar to 0. 4% under denitrifying conditions). C1 [Han, Ruyang; Qin, Liping; Brown, Shaun T.; Christensen, John N.; Beller, Harry R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Beller, HR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM HRBeller@lbl.gov RI Beller, Harry/H-6973-2014; Christensen, John/D-1475-2015; Brown, Shaun/E-9398-2015 OI Brown, Shaun/0000-0002-2159-6718 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Scientific Focus Area FX This work was supported as part of the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Scientific Focus Area funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under award number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 78 IS 7 BP 2462 EP 2464 DI 10.1128/AEM.07225-11 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 906KP UT WOS:000301344300048 PM 22286991 ER PT J AU McDermott, G Fox, DM Epperly, L Wetzler, M Barron, AE Le Gros, MA Larabell, CA AF McDermott, Gerry Fox, Douglas M. Epperly, Lindsay Wetzler, Modi Barron, Annelise E. Le Gros, Mark A. Larabell, Carolyn A. TI Visualizing and quantifying cell phenotype using soft X-ray tomography SO BIOESSAYS LA English DT Article DE cellular; correlated; cryo-light; morphology; multi-modal; three-dimensional ID CRYOELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY; FLUORESCENT-PROBES; 3D RECONSTRUCTION; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; NANOSCALE; MOLECULES AB Soft X-ray tomography (SXT) is an imaging technique capable of characterizing and quantifying the structural phenotype of cells. In particular, SXT is used to visualize the internal architecture of fully hydrated, intact eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells at high spatial resolution (50?nm or better). Image contrast in SXT is derived from the biochemical composition of the cell, and obtained without the need to use potentially damaging contrast-enhancing agents, such as heavy metals. The cells are simply cryopreserved prior to imaging, and are therefore imaged in a near-native state. As a complement to structural imaging by SXT, the same specimen can now be imaged by correlated cryo-light microscopy. By combining data from these two modalities specific molecules can be localized directly within the framework of a high-resolution, three-dimensional reconstruction of the cell. This combination of data types allows sophisticated analyses to be carried out on the impact of environmental and/or genetic factors on cell phenotypes. C1 [McDermott, Gerry; Epperly, Lindsay; Larabell, Carolyn A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Fox, Douglas M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wetzler, Modi; Barron, Annelise E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Bioengn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Le Gros, Mark A.; Larabell, Carolyn A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Larabell, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Carolyn.Larabell@ucsf.edu FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [P41RR019664]; National Institutes of General Medicine of the National Institutes of Health [GM63948]; National Institutes of Health NRSA [1 T32 GMO66698]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science FX We thank Drs. Maho Uchida and Christian Knoechel for their help creating figures. This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DE-AC02-05CH11231), the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health (P41RR019664), and the National Institutes of General Medicine of the National Institutes of Health (GM63948). Douglas M. Fox was supported by a National Institutes of Health NRSA Training Grant (1 T32 GMO66698). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0265-9247 J9 BIOESSAYS JI Bioessays PD APR PY 2012 VL 34 IS 4 BP 320 EP 327 DI 10.1002/bies.201100125 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 907RI UT WOS:000301434700016 PM 22290620 ER PT J AU Vickers, CE Klein-Marcuschamer, D Kromer, JO AF Vickers, Claudia E. Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel Kroemer, Jens O. TI Examining the feasibility of bulk commodity production in Escherichia coli SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Escherichia coli; Industrial biotechnology; Metabolic engineering; Metabolic network analysis; Strain engineering; Techno-economic analysis ID MICROBIAL CHEMICAL FACTORIES; FUEL ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; FED-BATCH CULTURE; CORYNEBACTERIUM-GLUTAMICUM; PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE; METHIONINE PRODUCTION; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; RATIONAL DESIGN; POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES; PATHWAY AB Escherichia coli is currently used by many research institutions and companies around the world as a platform organism for the development of bio-based production processes for bulk biochemicals. A given bulk biochemical bioprocess must be economically competitive with current production routes. Ideally the viability of each bioprocess should be evaluated prior to commencing research, both by metabolic network analysis (to determine the maximum theoretical yield of a given biocatalyst) and by techno-economic analysis (TEA; to determine the conditions required to make the bioprocess cost-competitive). However, these steps are rarely performed. Here we examine theoretical yields and review available TEA for bulk biochemical production in E. coli. In addition, we examine fermentation feedstocks and review recent strain engineering approaches to achieve industrially-relevant production, using examples for which TEA has been performed: ethanol, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, and 1,3-propanediol. C1 [Vickers, Claudia E.; Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Kroemer, Jens O.] Univ Queensland, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vickers, CE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM c.vickers@uq.edu.au; dklein@lbl.gov; j.kromer@uq.edu.au RI Vickers, Claudia/A-1288-2009; Kromer, Jens/C-5958-2009 OI Vickers, Claudia/0000-0002-0792-050X; Kromer, Jens/0000-0001-5006-0819 FU Queensland State Government; DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX CEV was supported by a Queensland State Government Smart Futures Fellowship and the Queensland State Government National and International Research Alliance Program. The work of DKM was partly funded by the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 80 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD APR PY 2012 VL 34 IS 4 BP 585 EP 596 DI 10.1007/s10529-011-0821-3 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 905SZ UT WOS:000301295900001 PM 22160295 ER PT J AU Shorey, LE Castro, DJ Baird, WM Siddens, LK Lohr, CV Matzke, MM Waters, KM Corley, RA Williams, DE AF Shorey, Lyndsey E. Castro, David J. Baird, William M. Siddens, Lisbeth K. Leohr, Christiane V. Matzke, Melissa M. Waters, Katrina M. Corley, Richard A. Williams, David E. TI Transplacental carcinogenesis with dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC): Timing of maternal exposures determines target tissue response in offspring SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Transplacental cancer; PAHs; T-cell lymphoma; Fetal; Maternal; Carcinogenesis ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; CYTOCHROMES P450 1A1; DNA-DAMAGE; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PARENTS SMOKING; ADULT TISSUES; FETAL TESTIS AB Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a transplacental carcinogen in mice (15 mg/kg: gestation day (GD) 17). To mimic residual exposure throughout pregnancy, dams received four smaller doses of DBC (3.75 mg/kg) on GD 5, 9, 13 and 17. This regimen alleviated the previously established carcinogenic responses in the thymus, lung, and liver. However, there was a marked increase in ovarian tumors (females) and hyperplastic testes (males). [C-14]-DBC (GD 17) dosing revealed transplacental distribution to fetal tissues at 10-fold lower concentrations than in paired maternal tissue and residual [C-14] 3 weeks post-dose. This study highlights the importance of developmental stage in susceptibility to environmental carcinogens. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baird, William M.; Siddens, Lisbeth K.; Leohr, Christiane V.; Waters, Katrina M.; Corley, Richard A.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Superfund Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shorey, Lyndsey E.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baird, William M.; Siddens, Lisbeth K.; Leohr, Christiane V.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shorey, Lyndsey E.; Castro, David J.; Baird, William M.; Siddens, Lisbeth K.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Leohr, Christiane V.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Corley, Richard A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Williams, DE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Superfund Res Ctr, Weniger Hall,Room 435, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM david.williams@oregonstate.edu FU PHS from NIH [P42 ES016465, P01 CA90890, T32ES07060, P30 ES03850] FX The authors would like to thank Marilyn Henderson, Tammie McQuistan, and Abby Benninghoff for their technical expertise and Mandy Louderback for animal handling assistance. In addition, we would like to acknowledge Dr. Clifford Pereira, Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, for his advice on statistical modeling. Support from this study was provided by the following PHS Grants from NIH, P42 ES016465, P01 CA90890, T32ES07060 and P30 ES03850 along with assistance from The Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University. NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 317 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.11.010 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 911EA UT WOS:000301698900007 PM 22085489 ER PT J AU Fan, C Yan, HG Liu, CT Li, HQ Liaw, PK Ren, Y Egami, T AF Fan, Cang Yan, H. G. Liu, C. T. Li, H. Q. Liaw, P. K. Ren, Y. Egami, T. TI Changes in the atomic structure through glass transition observed by X-ray scattering SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE Metallic glasses; Defects: free volume; Amorphous structures, atomic clusters; Amorphous structures, short-range order ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; AMORPHOUS SOLIDS; RELAXATION; ALLOYS; VOLUME AB The glass transition involves a minor change in the internal energy, and yet the physical and mechanical properties of a glass change dramatically. In order to determine the evolution of the atomic structure through the glass transition, we employed in-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering measurements as a function of temperature on a model material: Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass. We found that the thermal expansion at the atomic level is smaller than the macroscopic thermal expansion, and significantly increases above the glass transition temperature. The observed changes in the pair-distribution function (PDF) are explained in terms of the fluctuations in the local atomic volume and their change through the glass transition. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fan, Cang; Yan, H. G.] Hunan Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, C. T.] City Univ Hong Kong, Coll Sci & Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Li, H. Q.] Soochow Univ, Suzhou 215325, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liaw, P. K.; Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Egami, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fan, C (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM fan@hnu.edu.cn FU NSFC [50971057]; NSF [DMR-0231320, CMMI-0900271, DMR-0909037]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-CH11357]; Division of Material Science and Enginering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the NSFC (Grant No. 50971057), and benefited by the NSF (DMR-0231320, CMMI-0900271 and DMR-0909037). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), the U.S. DOE (DE-AC02-CH11357). T. Egami was supported by the Division of Material Science and Enginering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Department of Energy. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2012.01.003 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 905LZ UT WOS:000301275000017 ER PT J AU Lee, MW Kang, DK Kim, NY Kim, HY James, SC Yoon, SS AF Lee, M. W. Kang, D. K. Kim, N. Y. Kim, H. Y. James, S. C. Yoon, S. S. TI A study of ejection modes for pulsed-DC electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electrohydrodynamic (END); Drop-on-demand (DOD); Pulsed DC; Microdripping mode ID ELECTROSPRAY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; SUSPENSION AB For electrohydrodynamic-driven drop-on-demand printing techniques, either continuous-or pulsed-DC voltages can generate drops. To generate uniform micro-drops for high-resolution printing, the pulsed-DC voltage method is superior to continuous-DC voltage methods because of its controllability. Voltage amplitude and duration (or duty cycle or relaxation time, tau) are the primary parameters affecting the performance of drop-generation or ejection. When charge accumulates on the fluid meniscus at the nozzle, a drop is ejected. Charge density is the product of voltage (amplitude) and duration. In theory, charge densities from low-amplitude, long-duration voltages are equivalent to those of large amplitude and short duration. However, we demonstrate that drop-ejection mode differs significantly, despite equivalent products when voltage amplitude and duration change. At various voltage amplitudes and durations, four ejection main modes are identified: microdripping, spindle, string-jet, and spray modes. Longer voltage durations yield excessively large, spindle, string-jet, and spray modes. Conversely, no ejection is observed for short voltage durations. The microdripping mode, most desirable for uniform and high-resolution printing, appears for the narrowed range of duration under given pulsed-voltage. The identification map has been constructed for these modes; this map can be used as a guideline to yield a stable microdripping mode for high quality printing. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, M. W.; Kang, D. K.; Kim, N. Y.; Kim, H. Y.; Yoon, S. S.] Korea Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [James, S. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Fluid Sci & Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM skyoon@korea.ac.kr RI Lee, MW/F-2120-2013; OI James, Scott/0000-0001-7955-0491 FU Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials [NRF-2011-0007182, 2010-0010217]; Korean government (MEST); Converging Research Center through the Ministry of Education Science and Technology [2010K000969]; Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [20104010100640] FX This work was supported by the Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials NRF-2011-0007182 and 2010-0010217 funded by the Korean government (MEST). This research was also supported by the Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (2010K000969). This work was also supported by the Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea (No. 20104010100640). NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 46 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.11.002 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 911YP UT WOS:000301760900001 ER PT J AU Phung, LT Silver, S Trimble, WL Gilbert, JA AF Phung, Le T. Silver, Simon Trimble, William L. Gilbert, Jack A. TI Draft Genome of Halomonas Species Strain GFAJ-1 (ATCC BAA-2256) SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Halomonas strain GFAJ-1 was reported in Science magazine to be a remarkable microbe for which there was "arsenate in macromolecules that normally contain phosphate, most notably nucleic acids." The draft genome of the bacterium was determined (NCBI accession numbers AHBC01000001 through AHBC01000103). It appears to be a typical gamma proteobacterium. C1 [Phung, Le T.; Silver, Simon] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Trimble, William L.; Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Silver, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. EM simon@uic.edu; gilbertjack@anl.gov OI Trimble, William L./0000-0001-7029-2676; Silver, Simon/0000-0002-5692-3125 FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by funds from the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 194 IS 7 BP 1835 EP 1836 DI 10.1128/JB.06664-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 906KT UT WOS:000301344700020 ER PT J AU Olson, GL AF Olson, Gordon L. TI Alternate closures for radiation transport using Legendre polynomials in 1D and spherical harmonics in 2D SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Radiation transport; P-n transport; Spherical harmonics ID P-N EQUATIONS; DIFFUSION AB When using polynomial expansions for the angular variables in the radiation transport equation, the usual procedure is to truncate the series by setting all higher order terms to zero. At low order, such simple closures may not give the optimum solution. This work tests alternate closures that scale either the time- or spatial-derivatives in the highest order equation. These scale factors can be chosen such that waves propagate at exactly the speed of light in optically thin media. Alternatively, they may be chosen to significantly improve the accuracy of low-order solutions with no additional computational cost. The same scaling procedure and scale factors work in one- and multi-dimensions. In multidimensions, reducing the order of a solution can save significant amounts of computer time. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div CCS 2, Madison, WI 53717 USA. RP Olson, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div CCS 2, 5 Foxglove Circle, Madison, WI 53717 USA. EM olson99@tds.net NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 7 BP 2786 EP 2793 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.12.013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 905LM UT WOS:000301273700008 ER PT J AU Kucharik, M Shashkov, M AF Kucharik, Milan Shashkov, Mikhail TI One-step hybrid remapping algorithm for multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian methods SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Swept regions; Flux-based hybrid remap; Conservative interpolations; Multi-material ALE ID CONSERVATIVE INTERPOLATION; POLYHEDRAL MESHES; EFFICIENT LINEARITY; RECONSTRUCTION; EXTENSION; GRIDS; ALE AB In this paper, a new flux-based one-step hybrid remapping method for multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach is introduced. In the vicinity of material interfaces, the swept region is intersected with pure material polygons in the Lagrangian mesh to construct the material fluxes. Far from interfaces, the fluxes are constructed in a standard swept-region manner without intersections. This method is conservative, second-order accurate and linearity-preserving (in case of straight material interfaces), and faster than method based on intersections, as shown on selected numerical examples. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kucharik, Milan] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic. [Shashkov, Mikhail] Los Alamos Natl Lab, XCP Grp 4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kucharik, M (reprint author), Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, Brehova 7, CR-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic. EM kucharik@newton.fjfi.cvut.cz; shashkov@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; US Department of Energy Office of Science; US Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration; Czech Ministry of Education [MSM 6840770022, MSM 6840770010, LC528]; Czech Science Foundation [P201/10/P086] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors gratefully acknowledge the partial support of the US Department of Energy Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Program in Applied Mathematics Research and the partial support of the US Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) Program. The first author was supported by the Czech Ministry of Education Grants MSM 6840770022, MSM 6840770010 and LC528, and the Czech Science Foundation Project P201/10/P086. The authors thank Markus Berndt, Jerome Breil, Stephane Galera, and Pierre-Henri Maire for fruitful discussions and constructive comments related to the topic of hybrid remap. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 7 BP 2851 EP 2864 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.12.033 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 905LM UT WOS:000301273700013 ER PT J AU Meier, ET Glasser, AH Lukin, VS Shumlak, U AF Meier, E. T. Glasser, A. H. Lukin, V. S. Shumlak, U. TI Modeling open boundaries in dissipative MHD simulation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Open boundary; Artificial boundary; Non-reflecting boundary; Lacunae; Lacuna; Approximate Riemann; Magnetohydrodynamics; Nonlinear; Dissipative; MHD; hyperbolic-parabolic; Calderon method ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS; CONFIGURATION; LACUNAE; WAVES AB The truncation of large physical domains to concentrate computational resources is necessary or desirable in simulating many natural and man-made plasma phenomena. Three open boundary condition (BC) methods for such domain truncation of dissipative magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) problems are described and compared here. A novel technique, lacuna-based open boundary conditions (LOBC), is presented for applying open BC to dissipative MHD and other hyperbolic and mixed hyperbolic-parabolic systems of partial differential equations. LOBC, based on manipulating Calderon-type near-boundary sources, essentially damp hyperbolic effects in an exterior region attached to the simulation domain and apply BC appropriate for the remaining parabolic effects (if present) at the exterior region boundary. Another technique, approximate Riemann BC (ARBC), is adapted from finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin methods. In ARBC, the value of incoming flux is specified using a local, characteristic-based method. A third commonly-used open BC, zero-normal derivative BC (ZND BC), is presented for comparison. These open BC are tested in several gas dynamics and dissipative MHD problems. LOBC are found to give stable, low-reflection solutions even in the presence of strong parabolic behavior, while ARBC are stable only when hyperbolic behavior is dominant. Pros and cons of the techniques are discussed and put into context within the body of open BC research to date. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meier, E. T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Glasser, A. H.; Shumlak, U.] Univ Washington, Plasma Sci & Innovat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lukin, V. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Meier, ET (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM meier23@llnl.gov OI Shumlak, Uri/0000-0002-2918-5446 FU DOE [DE-FC02-05ER54811]; Office of Naval Research; AFOSR DURIP FX One of the authors, U.S., would like to thank S. V. Tsynkov for valuable discussions. This research is supported by DOE Grant No. DE-FC02-05ER54811 and the Office of Naval Research. Computational resources for the research include the Franklin system at NERSC, and the PSI-Center SGI ICE Altix 8200 cluster supported by an AFOSR DURIP grant. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 7 BP 2963 EP 2976 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.01.003 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 905LM UT WOS:000301273700019 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, G. L. TI Effect of the oxidation number on estimates of a plutonium hydrolysi Chi Chi SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Plutonium; Hydrolysis; Disproportionation; Oxidation number AB Four new formulas for estimating the first hydrolysis constant of tetravalent plutonium are illustrated. They can be applied with or without an independent estimate of the Pu oxidation number. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2012 VL 292 IS 1 BP 329 EP 330 DI 10.1007/s10967-011-1406-2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 904HJ UT WOS:000301185000044 ER PT J AU Gouma, P Xue, R Goldbeck, CP Perrotta, P Balazsi, C AF Gouma, P. Xue, R. Goldbeck, C. P. Perrotta, P. Balazsi, C. TI Nano-hydroxyapatite-Cellulose acetate composites for growing of bone cells SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Nanocomposite; Bone; Hydroxyapatite; Electrospinning; Fibers ID PROLIFERATION; BIOCERAMICS; ATTACHMENT AB Natural bone consists of natural polymers, collagen fibers and nanocrystals of minerals, mainly nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA). Bone cells, which maintain the activities and metabolism of bone, are supported by and interact with this organic-inorganic hybrid matrix in nature. Artificial bone tissue scaffolds based on natural hybrids of cellulose acetate (CA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) were fabricated in a bio-mimicking 3D matrix architecture using a single step nanomanufacturing technique and were used for in-vitro bone regeneration studies for up to 14 days. Osteoblasts grown on these scaffolds were found to interact strongly with the HA nanoclusters that were uniformly distributed on the CA fibers, promoting cell elongation, growth and phenotype retention. Hexagonal apatite crystals were shown to crystallize on the n-HA seeds. The natural, open, hybrid, 3D nanoscaffolds thus appear to be most promising bone repair agents. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Balazsi, C.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Tech Phys & Mat Sci, Res Ctr Nat Sci, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. [Gouma, P.; Xue, R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Goldbeck, C. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Nanostruct Facil, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Perrotta, P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Pathol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Balazsi, C (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Tech Phys & Mat Sci, Res Ctr Nat Sci, Konkoly Thege Miklos Ut 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. EM balazsi@mfa.kfki.hu FU EPA STAR; Molecular Foundry at the LBNL; Hungarian National Research Program (OTKA) [76181] FX Funding for this work was provided by the EPA STAR award, the Molecular Foundry at the LBNL and Hungarian National Research Program (OTKA 76181). Thanks to FEI for allowing use of the Magellan instrument for SEM analysis. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-4931 J9 MAT SCI ENG C-MATER JI Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Mater. Biol. Appl. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 32 IS 3 BP 607 EP 612 DI 10.1016/j.msec.2011.12.019 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Materials Science GA 905MG UT WOS:000301275700030 ER PT J AU Figueira, JM Rehm, KE Deibel, CM Niello, JOF Greene, J Jiang, CL Lee, HY Marley, ST Pardo, RC Patel, N Paul, M Ugalde, C Zinkann, G AF Figueira, J. M. Rehm, K. E. Deibel, C. M. Fernandez Niello, J. O. Greene, J. Jiang, C. L. Lee, H. Y. Marley, S. T. Pardo, R. C. Patel, N. Paul, M. Ugalde, C. Zinkann, G. TI The use of the gas-filled magnet technique for the detection of medium mass ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Charged-particle spectroscopy; Gas-filled magnet technique; (alpha,p) reactions; (p,alpha) reactions; X-ray bursts ID FISSION FRAGMENTS; RECOIL SEPARATOR; CROSS-SECTIONS; HEAVY-IONS; CHARGE; SPECTROGRAPH; PRODUCTS; JOSEF; BEAMS AB The use of the gas-filled magnet technique for the detection of intermediate mass (A similar to 20-40) recoil nuclei produced in (p,alpha) reactions in inverse kinematics has been investigated. Through a series of calibration measurements with Al-27, Si-28,Si-29 and S-33 beams the optimum parameterization for calculating the average charge-state distribution in a gas-filled magnet has been determined. By measuring the magnetic rigidity, the time-of-flight and the differential energy loss of the particles at the focal plane of a gas-filled Enge Split Pole spectrograph it was possible to separate and identify the (p,alpha) reaction products from elastically scattered particles at very small scattering angles. This technique was then tested by measuring the p(S-33,P-30)alpha and p(K-37,Cl-34)alpha reactions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Figueira, J. M.; Fernandez Niello, J. O.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Lab Tandar, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Figueira, J. M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Figueira, J. M.; Rehm, K. E.; Deibel, C. M.; Greene, J.; Jiang, C. L.; Lee, H. Y.; Marley, S. T.; Pardo, R. C.; Patel, N.; Ugalde, C.; Zinkann, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Deibel, C. M.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fernandez Niello, J. O.] Univ San Martin, Escuela Ciencia & Tecnol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Marley, S. T.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Patel, N.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Patel, N.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Figueira, JM (reprint author), Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Lab Tandar, B1650KNA San Martin, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM figueira@tandar.cnea.gov.ar FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF JINA [PHY0822648]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina FX We want to thank the ATLAS operations staff for providing the beams used in this study. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, by the NSF JINA Grant No. PHY0822648 and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 670 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.12.048 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908EZ UT WOS:000301474500006 ER PT J AU Chen, AX Antolak, AJ Leung, KN Morse, DH Raber, TN AF Chen, A. X. Antolak, A. J. Leung, K. -N. Morse, D. H. Raber, T. N. TI Fast mechanical shutter for pulsed ion beam generation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Mechanical shutter; Pulsed ion beams; Vacuum isolation; Accelerators ID SYSTEM AB A pneumatically actuated mechanical shutter has been developed for pulsed ion beam operation. The mechanical shutter provides vacuum isolation between the gas filled ion source (nominally at similar to 10 mTorr) and the high vacuum accelerator chamber (nominally < mu Torr), which is essential for applications involving high voltage gradients. In the present design, the FWHM pulse length of the ion beam was measured to be approximately 1.5 ms with rise and decay times of similar to 1 ms. Steady-state pressure measurements show an order of magnitude decrease in the main chamber pressure by incorporating the shutter. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chen, A. X.; Antolak, A. J.; Leung, K. -N.; Morse, D. H.; Raber, T. N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, A. X.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leung, K. -N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, AX (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM allanxchen@gmail.com FU Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [DOE/NA-22]; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Dan Yee for the high speed camera measurements, Glenn Jones for technical assistance and support with the pressure measurements, and Professor Ralph Greif and Samuel Mao for helpful discussions. This work was funded by DOE/NA-22 Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 670 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.12.031 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908EZ UT WOS:000301474500008 ER PT J AU Diwan, M Dolph, J Ling, JJ Russo, T Sharma, R Sexton, K Simos, N Stewart, J Tanaka, H Arnold, D Tabor, P Turner, S AF Diwan, Milind Dolph, Jeffrey Ling, Jiajie Russo, Thomas Sharma, Rahul Sexton, Kenneth Simos, Nikolaos Stewart, James Tanaka, Hidekazu Arnold, Douglas Tabor, Philip Turner, Stephen TI Underwater implosions of large format photo-multiplier tubes SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE PMT; Implosion; Shock wave; Simulation ID EXPLOSION AB Large, deep, well shielded liquid detectors have become an important technology for the detection of neutrinos over a wide dynamic range from few MeV to TeV. The critical component of this technology is the large format semi-hemispherical photo-multiplier tube with diameters in the range of 25-50 cm. The survival of an assembled array of these photo-multiplier tubes under high hydrostatic pressure is the subject of this study. These are the results from an R&D program which is intended to understand the modes of failure when a photo-multiplier tube implodes under hydrostatic pressure. Our tests include detailed measurements of the shock wave which results from the implosion of a photo-multiplier tube and a comparison of the test data to modern hydrodynamic simulation codes. Using these results we can extrapolate to other tube geometries and make recommendation on deployment of the photo-multiplier tubes in deep water detectors with a focus on risk mitigation from a tube implosion shock wave causing a chain reaction loss of multiple tubes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Diwan, Milind; Dolph, Jeffrey; Ling, Jiajie; Russo, Thomas; Sharma, Rahul; Sexton, Kenneth; Simos, Nikolaos; Stewart, James; Tanaka, Hidekazu] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Arnold, Douglas; Tabor, Philip; Turner, Stephen] USN, Underwater Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Ling, JJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000,Bldg 510E, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jjling@bnl.gov RI Ling, Jiajie/I-9173-2014 OI Ling, Jiajie/0000-0003-2982-0670 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886. We are grateful to the technical staff at the Naval Underwater Warfare Center. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 670 BP 61 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.12.033 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908EZ UT WOS:000301474500011 ER PT J AU Field, RV Grigoriu, M AF Field, R. V., Jr. Grigoriu, M. TI Level cut Gaussian random field models for transitions from laminar to turbulent flow SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Computational Stochastic Mechanics (CSM) CY JUN 13-16, 2010 CL Rhodes, GREECE DE Random fields; Stochastic processes; Laminar-turbulent transition ID 2-PHASE MICROSTRUCTURES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NOISE; INTERMITTENCY; NONSTATIONARY; MEDIA AB Herein, we develop a model for phenomena characterized by random fluctuations between one of two states: these two states can be interpreted as "off" and "on" or 0 and 1. Random phenomena of this type are abundant in nature and can exhibit temporal and/or spatial dependence. For example, the arrival of customers in a queue or vehicles at an intersection are examples of time-dependent random fluctuations, while the presence of random imperfections within material microstructure exhibits spatial dependence. Further, the transition from laminar to turbulent flow over the surface of a structure is believed to involve random fluctuations between laminar and turbulent flow in both time and space. The proposed model is a random field with piecewise constant samples defined by cuts of a Gaussian random field that exceed a specified level set and can be used to model temporally and spatially varying random fluctuations between one of two states. The model can be calibrated to available information, which we assume consists of (1) the marginal probability that the state of the system is "on" and (2) the average number and density of fluctuations between states that occur within a bounded region. Numerous examples are considered to illustrate the calibration of the level cut Gaussian random field to represent these time and spatially varying random fluctuations, including the formation and propagation of localized bursts of turbulent flow over the surface of a flat plate. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Field, R. V., Jr.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Grigoriu, M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Field, RV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rvfield@sandia.gov; mdg12@cornell.edu RI Field, Richard/K-6468-2013 OI Field, Richard/0000-0002-2765-7032 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD APR PY 2012 VL 28 SI SI BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2011.08.023 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA 909JW UT WOS:000301561800012 ER PT J AU Li, CP Wolden, CA Dillon, AC Tenent, RC AF Li, Chi-Ping Wolden, Colin A. Dillon, Anne C. Tenent, Robert C. TI Electrochromic films produced by ultrasonic spray deposition of tungsten oxide nanoparticles SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Electrochromic window; Ultrasonic spray deposition; Low-cost processing; Tungsten oxide; Nanomaterials ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; WO3; GLASS; LI+ AB Crystalline tungsten oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) and subsequently employed to form electrochromic thin films using ultrasonic spray deposition. Particle morphology may be tuned using HWCVD synthesis parameters including filament temperature, substrate temperature, and oxygen partial pressure. The electrochromic performance of films derived from three sets of NPs was characterized by performing cyclic voltammetry in direct registry with measurements of optical transmission. The coloration efficiency scaled with the specific surface area, and values obtained from films derived from HWCVD NPs were as high as 38 cm(2)/C, comparing favorably with leading WO3 films produced by sputtering. The HWCVD-based material formed continuous films that were mesoporous in nature, while the larger commercial NPs did not form homogeneous coatings. In addition to size, XRD and Raman analysis revealed a correlation between performance and the presence of the epsilon-monoclinic crystal phase. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dillon, Anne C.; Tenent, Robert C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Li, Chi-Ping; Wolden, Colin A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Mat Sci Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tenent, RC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Robert.Tenent@nrel.gov FU National Science Foundation through the Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-0820518]; Department of Energy through the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies Program [DE-AC36-08G028308]; Science Foundation Ireland through an ETS FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation through the Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (DMR-0820518) as well as with funding from the Department of Energy under subcontract DE-AC36-08G028308 through the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies Program. CAW acknowledges support from Science Foundation Ireland through an ETS Walton fellowship, and the authors would like to acknowledge the Nano Imaging and Material Analysis Centre, University College Dublin, for assistance in preparing and imaging specimens described in this work. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2012 VL 99 SI SI BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.03.034 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 904AY UT WOS:000301167200007 ER PT J AU Tseng, YC Mane, AU Elam, JW Darling, SB AF Tseng, Yu-Chih Mane, Anil U. Elam, Jeffrey W. Darling, Seth B. TI Ultrathin molybdenum oxide anode buffer layer for organic photovoltaic cells formed using atomic layer deposition SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Organic photovoltaics; Hole transport layer; Buffer layer; Atomic layer deposition; Molybdenum oxide ID SOLAR-CELLS; INTERFACIAL LAYER; WORK FUNCTION; BULK; CONDUCTIVITY; EFFICIENT; FILMS AB In an organic photovoltaic (OPV) cell, the buffer layers connecting the active photovoltaic material to the electrodes strongly influence the overall energy conversion efficiency. In this work, we demonstrate that a thin layer (< 4 nm) of MoO3 formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Mo, followed by oxidation in ozone, performs well as an anode buffer layer in organic photovoltaic cells based on a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester. Compared to the commonly used buffer layer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the MoO3 layer causes virtually no degradation in the transmission spectrum. The improvement in optical transmission leads to higher short-circuit current density, and practically the same power conversion efficiency as OPV cells employing PEDOT:PSS. Results from a substantial number of devices indicate that the improvement is statistically significant, demonstrating the reproducibility and reliability of the layer. Moreover, because of the conformal nature of ALD, this approach can be extended to nanostructured systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tseng, Yu-Chih; Mane, Anil U.; Elam, Jeffrey W.; Darling, Seth B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Elam, JW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM jelam@anl.gov; darling@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-SC0001059]; Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center FX The authors thank S. Jokela for expert assistance in acquiring the XPS spectrum, and J. Libera for preparing the ALD ITO films on trenched silicon substrates. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Elam and Mane were supported by the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award number DE-SC0001059. NR 25 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 9 U2 89 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 EI 1879-3398 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2012 VL 99 SI SI BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.12.004 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 904AY UT WOS:000301167200034 ER PT J AU Berdahl, P Akbari, H Levinson, R Jacobs, J Klink, F Everman, R AF Berdahl, Paul Akbari, Hashem Levinson, Ronnen Jacobs, Jeffry Klink, Frank Everman, Rebecca TI Three-year weathering tests on asphalt shingles: Solar reflectance SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Asphalt shingles; Weathering; Solar reflectance; Cyanobacteria AB Exposed asphalt shingles undergo chemical and physical changes as they weather. Here we focus on the resulting changes in solar reflectance. Most roofing granules employing inorganic metal oxide pigments are very stable. Initial reflectance changes are therefore due to changes in the asphalt itself, and the loss of processing oils coating the granules. Ultraviolet-induced photo-oxidation of these oils and exposed asphalt produces dark hydrophilic substances that are removed by rain, or in dry climates, transported by dew. After six months, changes in solar reflectance are small and (in California) mainly due an annual cycle of accumulation of atmospheric dust and its removal by rain. In hot humid climates cyanobacteria grow rapidly on granule surfaces, creating dark stains that reduce reflectance by as much as 0.06 at 3 years. We show that in these types of climates (exemplified by Houston) biocide additives such as Cu2O can be employed to maintain solar reflectance. When cyanobacteria are absent, solar reflectance changes over the first three years are on the order of 0.02 or less, and may be either positive or negative. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Berdahl, Paul; Levinson, Ronnen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Akbari, Hashem] Concordia Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Jacobs, Jeffry; Klink, Frank; Everman, Rebecca] 3M Co, Ind Mineral Prod Div, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. RP Berdahl, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mail Stop 70-108B,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM phberdahl@LBL.gov FU 3M Company; California Energy Commission (CEC); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work at Berkeley was supported by a grant from 3M Company to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The work was in part supported by the California Energy Commission (CEC) through its Public Interest Energy Research Program (PIER), and by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2012 VL 99 SI SI BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.12.010 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 904AY UT WOS:000301167200039 ER PT J AU Abrams, ZR Gharghi, M Niv, A Gladden, C Zhang, X AF Abrams, Ze'ev R. Gharghi, Majid Niv, Avi Gladden, Chris Zhang, Xiang TI Theoretical efficiency of 3rd generation solar cells: Comparison between carrier multiplication and down-conversion SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Down-conversion; Carrier multiplication; Multiple exciton generation; Entropy; Energy conversion efficiency ID HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION; EXCITON GENERATION; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; IMPACT IONIZATION; THERMODYNAMICS; LIMITS; LIGHT; CONCENTRATORS; RADIATION AB Two of the methods of exceeding the detailed balance limit for a single junction solar cell are down-converting high energy photons to produce two photons and carrier multiplication, whereby high energy photons produce more than one electron-hole pair. Both methods obey the conservation of energy in similar ways, and effectively produce a higher current in the solar cell. Due to this similarity, it has been assumed in the literature that there is no thermodynamic difference between the two methods. Here, we analyzed the two methods using a generalized approach based on Kirchhoffs law of radiation and develop a new model for carrier multiplication. We demonstrate that there is an entropic penalty to be paid for attempting to accomplish all-in-one splitting in carrier multiplication systems, giving a small thermodynamic - and therefore efficiency - advantage to spectral splitting prior to reaching the solar cell. We show this analytically using a derivation of basic thermodynamic identities; numerically by solving for the maximal efficiency: and generally using heat-generation arguments. Our result provides a new limit of entropy generation in solar cells beyond the existing literature, and a new distinction among 3rd generation photovoltaic technologies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Abrams, Ze'ev R.; Gharghi, Majid; Niv, Avi; Gladden, Chris; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@bekeley.edu RI Gharghi, Majid/E-5412-2012; Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011; OI Niv, Avi/0000-0002-9667-4151 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Center (DoE-LMI-EFRC) [DOE DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DoD; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship; [32 CFR 168a] FX ZRA thanks Prof. Viorel Badescu for his helpful discussion. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Center (DoE-LMI-EFRC) under award DOE DE-AC02-05CH11231. ZRA acknowledges Government support under and awarded by DoD, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2012 VL 99 SI SI BP 308 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.12.019 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 904AY UT WOS:000301167200043 ER PT J AU You, FQ Tao, L Graziano, DJ Snyder, SW AF You, Fengqi Tao, Ling Graziano, Diane J. Snyder, Seth W. TI Optimal design of sustainable cellulosic biofuel supply chains: Multiobjective optimization coupled with life cycle assessment and input-output analysis SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planning; biofuel supply chain; sustainability; life cycle analysis; input-output analysis; multiobjective optimization ID STOCHASTIC INVENTORY; BIOMASS; UNCERTAINTY; ETHANOL; BIOETHANOL; MANAGEMENT; MODELS; ALGORITHMS; CONVERSION; ECONOMICS AB This article addresses the optimal design and planning of cellulosic ethanol supply chains under economic, environmental, and social objectives. The economic objective is measured by the total annualized cost, the environmental objective is measured by the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions, and the social objective is measured by the number of accrued local jobs. A multiobjective mixed-integer linear programming (mo-MILP) model is developed that accounts for major characteristics of cellulosic ethanol supply chains, including supply seasonality and geographical diversity, biomass degradation, feedstock density, diverse conversion pathways and byproducts, infrastructure compatibility, demand distribution, regional economy, and government incentives. Aspen Plus models for biorefineries with different feedstocks and conversion pathways are built to provide detailed techno-economic and emission analysis results for the mo-MILP model, which simultaneously predicts the optimal network design, facility location, technology selection, capital investment, production planning, inventory control, and logistics management decisions. The mo-MILP problem is solved with an e-constraint method; and the resulting Pareto-optimal curves reveal the tradeoff between the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of the sustainable biofuel supply chains. The proposed approach is illustrated through two case studies for the state of Illinois. (C) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012 C1 [You, Fengqi] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [You, Fengqi; Graziano, Diane J.; Snyder, Seth W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tao, Ling] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP You, FQ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI You, Fengqi/F-6894-2011; You, Fengqi/B-5040-2011; OI You, Fengqi/0000-0001-9609-4299; Snyder, Seth/0000-0001-6232-1668 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 51 TC 191 Z9 193 U1 36 U2 183 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD APR PY 2012 VL 58 IS 4 BP 1157 EP 1180 DI 10.1002/aic.12637 PG 24 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 904VG UT WOS:000301225700015 ER PT J AU Ganguly, K McRury, ID Goodwin, PM Morgan, RE Auge, WK AF Ganguly, Kumkum McRury, Ian D. Goodwin, Peter M. Morgan, Roy E. Auge, Wayne K., II TI Targeted In Situ Biosynthetic Transcriptional Activation in Native Surface-Level Human Articular Chondrocytes during Lesion Stabilization SO CARTILAGE LA English DT Article DE chondrocytes < cells; articular cartilage < tissue; gene therapy < therapeutic delivery; cartilage repair < repair; arthroscopy < procedures AB Objective: Safe articular cartilage lesion stabilization is an important early surgical intervention advance toward mitigating articular cartilage disease burden. While short-term chondrocyte viability and chondrosupportive matrix modification have been demonstrated within tissue contiguous to targeted removal of damaged articular cartilage, longer term tissue responses require evaluation to further clarify treatment efficacy. The purpose of this study was to examine surface chondrocyte responses within contiguous tissue after lesion stabilization. Methods: Nonablation radiofrequency lesion stabilization of human cartilage explants obtained during knee replacement was performed for surface fibrillation. Time-dependent chondrocyte viability, nuclear morphology and cell distribution, and temporal response kinetics of matrix and chaperone gene transcription indicative of differentiated chondrocyte function were evaluated in samples at intervals to 96 hours after treatment. Results: Subadjacent surface articular cartilage chondrocytes demonstrated continued viability for 96 hours after treatment, a lack of increased nuclear fragmentation or condensation, persistent nucleic acid production during incubation reflecting cellular assembly behavior, and transcriptional up-regulation of matrix and chaperone genes indicative of retained biosynthetic differentiated cell function. Conclusions: The results of this study provide further evidence of treatment efficacy and suggest the possibility to manipulate or induce cellular function, thereby recruiting local chondrocytes to aid lesion recovery. Early surgical intervention may be viewed as a tissue rescue, allowing articular cartilage to continue displaying biological responses appropriate to its function rather than converting to a tissue ultimately governed by the degenerative material property responses of matrix failure. Early intervention may positively impact the late changes and reduce disease burden of damaged articular cartilage. C1 [Ganguly, Kumkum; Goodwin, Peter M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [McRury, Ian D.; Morgan, Roy E.; Auge, Wayne K., II] NuOrtho Surg Inc, Fall River, MA USA. [Auge, Wayne K., II] Ctr Orthopaed & Sports Performance Res Inc, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Auge, WK (reprint author), Ctr Orthopaed & Sports Performance Res Inc, 936 Vista Jemez Court, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. EM infocospr@aol.com FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; New Mexico Small Business Grant Program, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico [WNM700, RO122010]; NuOrtho Surgical, Inc., Fall River, Massachusetts FX The work was performed in part at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies and at the Bioscience Division, United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000) and Physicians Medical Center, Santa Fe, New Mexico. This study was supported by the New Mexico Small Business Grant Program WNM700, RO122010, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico and by NuOrtho Surgical, Inc., Fall River, Massachusetts. The authors wish to thank Sofiya N. Micheva-Viteva, PhD for assistance in RT-PCR assay design. NR 163 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1947-6035 EI 1947-6043 J9 CARTILAGE JI Cartilage PD APR PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 141 EP 155 DI 10.1177/1947603511426881 PG 15 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA V36NF UT WOS:000209217800004 PM 26069627 ER PT J AU Pangle, RE Hill, JP Plaut, JA Yepez, EA Elliot, JR Gehres, N McDowell, NG Pockman, WT AF Pangle, Robert E. Hill, Judson P. Plaut, Jennifer A. Yepez, Enrico A. Elliot, James R. Gehres, Nathan McDowell, Nate G. Pockman, William T. TI Methodology and performance of a rainfall manipulation experiment in a pinon-juniper woodland SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE experimental rainfall manipulation; global climate change experiments; irrigation; Juniperus monosperma; mechanisms of tree mortality; pinon-juniper woodland; Pinus edulis; plant drought stress; through-fall exclusion; treatment artifacts ID CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SAP-FLOW; DIE-OFF; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; SOIL-MOISTURE; VEGETATION; FOREST; MECHANISMS AB Climate models predict that water limited regions around the world will become drier and warmer in the near future, including southwestern North America. We developed a large-scale experimental system that allows testing of stand level impacts of precipitation changes. Four treatments were applied to 1600 m(2) plots (40 m x 40 m), each with three replicates in a pinon pine (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniper monosperma) ecosystem. These species have extensive root systems, requiring large-scale manipulation to effectively alter soil water availability. Treatments consisted of: (1) irrigation plots that receive supplemental water additions, (2) drought plots that receive 55% of ambient rainfall, (3) cover-control plots that receive ambient precipitation, but allow determination of treatment infrastructure artifacts, and (4) ambient control plots. Our drought structures effectively reduced soil water potential and volumetric water content compared to the ambient, cover-control, and water addition plots. Drought and cover-control plots experienced an average increase in maximum soil and ground-level air temperature of 1-4 degrees C during the growing season compared to ambient plots, and concurrent short-term diurnal increases in maximum air temperature were also observed directly above and below plastic structures. Our drought and irrigation treatments significantly influenced tree predawn water potential and canopy transpiration, with drought treatment trees exhibiting significant decreases in physiological function compared to ambient and irrigated trees. Supplemental irrigation resulted in a significant increase in both plant water potential and canopy transpiration compared to trees in the other treatments. This experimental design allows manipulation of plant water stress at the tree/stand scale, permits a wide range of drought conditions, and provides prolonged drought conditions comparable to historical droughts in the past-drought events for which wide-spread mortality in both these species was observed. C1 [Pangle, Robert E.; Hill, Judson P.; Plaut, Jennifer A.; Elliot, James R.; Gehres, Nathan; Pockman, William T.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Yepez, Enrico A.] Inst Tecnol Sonora, Dept Ciencias Agua & Medio Ambiente, Ciudad Obregon Mexico 85000, Mexico. [McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pangle, RE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, MSC03 2020,1, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rpangle@unm.edu RI Yepez, Enrico/C-2802-2014; Pockman, William/D-4086-2014; Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014; Yepez, Enrico/C-6901-2008 OI Pockman, William/0000-0002-3286-0457; Yepez, Enrico/0000-0003-4746-573X FU Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER); NSF [DEB-0620482] FX We would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance in the myriad tasks related to this research; Don Natvig, Renee Brown, Jennifer Johnson, Julie Glaser, Clif Meyer, Sam Markwell, Matt Spinelli, Greg Brittain, Jake Ring, and numerous undergraduate assistants who assisted in the implementation of this experiment and collection of data-sets. We also acknowledge the expertise and professionalism of Pat Ortiz and the employees of JB Henderson Construction, who implemented and improved our original design. This project was funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) via awards to Nate McDowell and Will Pockman. This research was also supported by staff of the Sevilleta LTER (supported by NSF DEB-0620482) and UNM-Sevilleta Field Station. Finally, we would like to thank the USFWS for providing site access and support within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 38 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD APR PY 2012 VL 3 IS 4 AR UNSP 28 DI 10.1890/ES11-00369.1 PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256HV UT WOS:000327301200001 ER PT J AU Smets, AHM Wank, MA Vet, B Fischer, M van Swaaij, RACMM Zeman, M Bobela, DC Wronski, CR van de Sanden, RMCM AF Smets, Arno H. M. Wank, Michael A. Vet, Bas Fischer, Marinus van Swaaij, Rene A. C. M. M. Zeman, Miro Bobela, David C. Wronski, Christopher R. van de Sanden, Richard M. C. M. TI The Relation Between the Bandgap and the Anisotropic Nature of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Amorphous silicon; bandgap; microstructure; thin film ID A-SI-H; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GAP; DEPOSITION; VOIDS AB The bandgap of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) is studied using a unique set of a-Si:H films deposited by means of three different processing techniques. Using this large collection of a-Si:H films with a wide variety of nanostructures, it is demonstrated that the bandgap has a clear scaling with the density of both hydrogenated divacancies (DVs) and nanosized voids (NVs). The presence of DVs in a dense a-Si:H network results in an anisotropy in the silicon bond-length distribution of the disordered silicon matrix. This anisotropy induces zones of volumetric compressed disordered silicon (larger fraction of shorter than longer bonds in reference to the crystalline lattice) with typical sizes of similar to 0.8 up to similar to 2 nm. The extent of the volumetric compression in these anisotropic disordered silicon zones determines the bandgap of the a-Si:H network. As a consequence, the bandgap is determined by the density of DVs and NVs in the a-Si:H network. C1 [Smets, Arno H. M.; Wank, Michael A.; Vet, Bas; Fischer, Marinus; van Swaaij, Rene A. C. M. M.; Zeman, Miro] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2628 BX Delft, Netherlands. [Bobela, David C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wronski, Christopher R.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [van de Sanden, Richard M. C. M.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Smets, AHM (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, NL-2628 BX Delft, Netherlands. EM a.h.m.smets@tudelft.nl; M.A.Wank@tudelft.nl; B.Vet@tudelft.nl; M.Fischer@tudelft.nl; r.a.c.m.m.vanSwaaij@tudelft.nl; m.zeman@tudelft.nl; david.bobela@nrel.ogv; crwece@engr.psu.edu; m.c.m.vandesanden@rijnhuizen.nl OI Zeman, Miro/0000-0002-1710-360X FU STW-VIDI, The Netherlands; NUON Helianthos, The Netherlands; NEDO, Japan FX Manuscript received July 11, 2011; revised October 3, 2011; accepted December 2, 2011. Date of publication January 18, 2012; date of current version March 16, 2012. The work of A. H. M. Smets was supported by STW-VIDI, The Netherlands, NUON Helianthos, The Netherlands, and NEDO, Japan. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 94 EP 98 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2011.2180701 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137HC UT WOS:000318425200004 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hoermann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Eonard, AL Marage, PE Thomas, L Velde, CV Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L De Jeneret, JDF Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Martin, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for a Higgs boson in the decay channel H -> ZZ((*)) -> q(q)over-barl(-)l(+) in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID STANDARD MODEL; ELECTROWEAK CORRECTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; MASSLESS PARTICLES; BROKEN SYMMETRIES; HADRON COLLIDERS; LHC; MASSES AB A search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two Z bosons with subsequent decay into a final state containing two quark jets and two leptons, H -> ZZ((*)) -> q (q) over barl(-)l(+) is presented. Results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 7TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. In order to discriminate between signal and background events, kinematic and topological quantities, including the angular spin correlations of the decay products, are employed. Events are further classified according to the probability of the jets to originate from quarks of light or heavy flavor or from gluons. No evidence for the Higgs boson is found, and upper limits on its production cross section are determined for a Higgs boson of mass between 130 and 600 GeV C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoch, M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Teischinger, F.; Wagner, P.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] OeAW, Inst Hochenergiephys, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. 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Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezi Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Berzano, U.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. 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[Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. 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W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Guelmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburnsmith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Field, S. Wake; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Urthwein, F. W.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. 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P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. 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RI Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Cakir, Altan/P-1024-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Troitsky, Sergey/C-1377-2014; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Chen, Jie/H-6210-2011; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Jeitler, Manfred/H-3106-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Santaolalla, Javier/C-3094-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Palla, Fabrizio/F-4727-2012; Gregores, Eduardo/F-8702-2012; Padula, Sandra /G-3560-2012; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011 OI Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, ERDF (Estonia) [SF0690030s09]; Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.); European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; HOMING PLUS of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 74 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2012 IS 4 AR 036 DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2012)036 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 943SX UT WOS:000304146600036 ER PT J AU Stefano, G Renna, L Brandizzi, F AF Stefano, Giovanni Renna, Luciana Brandizzi, Federica TI Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Genetics; Issue 62; EMS mutagenesis; secretory pathway; mapping; confocal screening AB This protocol describes a fluorescence microscope-based screening of Arabidopsis seedlings and describes how to map recessive mutations that alter the subcellular distribution of a specific tagged fluorescent marker in the secretory pathway. Arabidopsis is a powerful biological model for genetic studies because of its genome size, generation time, and conservation of molecular mechanisms among kingdoms. The array genotyping as an approach to map the mutation in alternative to the traditional method based on molecular markers is advantageous because it is relatively faster and may allow the mapping of several mutants in a really short time frame. This method allows the identification of proteins that can influence the integrity of any organelle in plants. Here, as an example, we propose a screen to map genes important for the integrity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Our approach, however, can be easily extended to other plant cell organelles (for example see(1,2)), and thus represents an important step toward understanding the molecular basis governing other subcellular structures. C1 [Stefano, Giovanni; Renna, Luciana; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM fb@msu.edu RI Stefano, Giovanni/A-8264-2011 OI Renna, Luciana/0000-0001-8738-2408; Stefano, Giovanni/0000-0002-2744-0052 FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02- 91ER20021]; National Science Foundation [MCB 0948584] FX We acknowledge support by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy (award number DE-FG02- 91ER20021) and National Science Foundation (MCB 0948584) (F.B.). We are thankful to Ms Karen Bird for editing the manuscript. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD APR PY 2012 IS 62 AR UNSP e3809 DI 10.3791/3809 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36PG UT WOS:000209222900038 ER PT J AU Larsson, SH Lestander, TA Crompton, D Melin, S Sokhansanj, S AF Larsson, Sylvia H. Lestander, Torbjorn A. Crompton, Dave Melin, Staffan Sokhansanj, Shahab TI Temperature patterns in large scale wood pellet silo storage SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Self-heating; Oxidation; Biomass; Temperature gradients; Bulk storage ID OFF-GAS EMISSIONS; NEAR-INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; CARBON-MONOXIDE; HEADSPACE; MOISTURE; GRAIN AB Over a 7 month period, temperatures were monitored in six large scale (approximately 4500 metric tons) silos for wood pellet storage. Each silo had 124 temperature sensors mounted on cables for an even distribution within the volume. During the study, silos were charged and discharged several times, creating different scenarios. Under certain circumstances, pellet temperatures increased vertically from bottom to top in an additive way, and temperatures around 65-70 degrees C were reached at the top of the silos. At some occasions, temperatures were increasing uncontrollably and silos were emptied due to the risk of fire. In an additive scenario, a maximum heat front velocity of 12 cm/h and a maximum temperature increment for a specific sensor of 2.4 degrees C/h was found. To avoid condensation of moisture from the ventilation air on stored pellets fan operation is suggested to be controlled by a dew point algorithm. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Larsson, Sylvia H.; Lestander, Torbjorn A.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Unit Biomass Technol & Chem, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Larsson, Sylvia H.; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Crompton, Dave] OPISystems, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Melin, Staffan] Delta Res Corp, Delta, BC, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Larsson, SH (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Unit Biomass Technol & Chem, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. EM sylvia.larsson@slu.se FU Sweden-America Foundation; Bio4Energy Project; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wood pellet Association of Canada FX This study was financed by the Sweden-America Foundation and the Bio4Energy Project. The project was also supported through a collaborative research and development strategic grant from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Wood pellet Association of Canada. The research was conducted by the senior author as post doctoral fellow at the Biomass & Bioenergy Research Group, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 92 BP 322 EP 327 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.11.012 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 894YQ UT WOS:000300463800035 ER PT J AU Kim, HM Rutqvist, J Ryu, DW Choi, BH Sunwoo, C Song, WK AF Kim, Hyung-Mok Rutqvist, Jonny Ryu, Dong-Woo Choi, Byung-Hee Sunwoo, Choon Song, Won-Kyong TI Exploring the concept of compressed air energy storage (CAES) in lined rock caverns at shallow depth: A modeling study of air tightness and energy balance SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE TOUGH-FLAC; Compressed air energy storage (CAES); Air tightness; Energy balance; Heat loss; Lined rock cavern (LRC) ID NUCLEAR-WASTE REPOSITORIES; DRIFT SCALE TEST; FLOW; PERMEABILITY; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a numerical modeling study of coupled thermodynamic, multiphase fluid flow and heat transport associated with underground compressed air energy storage (CAES) in lined rock caverns. Specifically, we explored the concept of using concrete lined caverns at a relatively shallow depth for which constructing and operation costs may be reduced if air tightness and stability can be assured. Our analysis showed that the key parameter to assure long-term air tightness in such a system was the permeability of both the concrete lining and the surrounding rock. The analysis also indicated that a concrete lining with a permeability of less than 1 x 10(-18) m(2) would result in an acceptable air leakage rate of less than 1%, with the operation pressure range between 5 and 8 MPa at a depth of 100 m. It was further noted that capillary retention properties and the initial liquid saturation of the lining were very important. Indeed, air leakage could be effectively prevented when the air-entry pressure of the concrete lining is higher than the operation air pressure and when the lining is kept at relatively high moisture content. Our subsequent energy-balance analysis demonstrated that the energy loss for a daily compression and decompression cycle is governed by the air-pressure loss, as well as heat loss by conduction to the concrete liner and surrounding rock. For a sufficiently tight system, i.e., for a concrete permeability of less than 1 x 10(-18) m(2), heat loss by heat conduction tends to become proportionally more important. However, the energy loss by heat conduction can be minimized by keeping the air-injection temperature of compressed air closer to the ambient temperature of the underground storage cavern. In such a case, almost all the heat loss during compression is gained back during subsequent decompression. Finally, our numerical simulation study showed that CAES in shallow rock caverns is feasible from a leakage and energy efficiency viewpoint. Our numerical approach and energy analysis will next be applied in designing and evaluating the performance of a planned full-scale pilot test of the proposed underground CAES concept. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Hyung-Mok; Ryu, Dong-Woo; Choi, Byung-Hee; Sunwoo, Choon; Song, Won-Kyong] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources KIGAM, Taejon 305350, South Korea. [Rutqvist, Jonny] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ryu, DW (reprint author), Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources KIGAM, Taejon 305350, South Korea. EM dwryu@kigam.re.kr RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Ryu, Dongwoo/0000-0002-4556-9669 FU Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) [GP2009-019]; Ministry of Knowledge and Economy of Korea; KIGAM through U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by the Basic Research Project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM, GP2009-019) funded by the Ministry of Knowledge and Economy of Korea, and funding from KIGAM for Dr. Jonny Rutqvist and Berkeley Lab was provided through the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Editorial review by Dan Hawkes at Berkeley Lab is greatly appreciated. NR 30 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 8 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 92 BP 653 EP 667 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.07.013 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 894YQ UT WOS:000300463800070 ER PT J AU Weiland, NT Means, NC Morreale, BD AF Weiland, Nathan T. Means, Nicholas C. Morreale, Bryan D. TI Product distributions from isothermal co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Pyrolysis; Biomass; Switchgrass; Isothermal; Products; Coal ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GASIFICATION; REACTIVITY; CHAR; SWITCHGRASS; ALKALI; VOLATILIZATION; COMBUSTION; SYNERGIES AB Co-gasification and co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass are being studied as a means to reduce the carbon footprint of an IGCC plant. Co-feeding creates many challenges in the thermochemical conversion of coal/biomass such as the variable nature of biomass feedstocks, potential nonlinear reaction rate effects during conversion and the varying composition of the products. An experimental study on isothermal copyrolysis of Illinois #6 coal and switchgrass was done in a drop reactor at 900 degrees C to investigate the effects of co-feeding on pyrolysis product distributions under conditions relevant to transport gasifiers. Coal/biomass mixtures were fed to the reactor in feed ratios of 100/0, 85/15, 70/30, 50/50, and 0/100, while primary gaseous products (CO, CO2, CH4, H-2 and H2O) were monitored and analyzed online. Ultimate analysis of solid and liquid products is used to track the distribution of the feedstocks' elements and energy content into its pyrolysis products, while GC-MS and ash elemental analyses are provided to more fully characterize these products. Experimental results show that under the conditions studied, product distributions do not display any non-linear effects, and can be estimated as a mass-weighted sum of the product distributions of the pure feedstocks. This result is likely due to the higher temperatures used in this study, though it is inherently useful in the development of higher-temperature gasification systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Weiland, Nathan T.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Weiland, Nathan T.; Means, Nicholas C.; Morreale, Bryan D.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Means, Nicholas C.] URS Corp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Weiland, NT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM nathan.weiland@mail.wvu.edu OI Weiland, Nathan/0000-0001-9382-6909 FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under RES [DE-FE0004000] FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in Advanced Gasification Technologies under the RES Contract DE-FE0004000. NR 26 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD APR PY 2012 VL 94 IS 1 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.10.046 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 895LI UT WOS:000300497300069 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D Volkow, ND AF Tomasi, Dardo Volkow, Nora D. TI Gender differences in brain functional connectivity density SO HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING LA English DT Article DE fMRI; scale-free networks; default mode networks; consciousness; resting-state; functional connectomes; local functional connectivity density; lFCD ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; RESTING-STATE DATA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; WORKING-MEMORY; DEFAULT MODE; SMALL-WORLD; FMRI; ACTIVATION; NETWORK AB The neural bases of gender differences in emotional, cognitive, and socials behaviors are largely unknown. Here, magnetic resonance imaging data from 336 women and 225 men revealed a gender dimorphism in the functional organization of the brain. Consistently across five research sites, women had 14% higher local functional connectivity density (lFCD) and up to 5% higher gray matter density than men in cortical and subcortical regions. The negative power scaling of the lFCD was steeper for men than for women, suggesting that the balance between strongly and weakly connected nodes in the brain is different across genders. The more distributed organization of the male brain than that of the female brain could help explain the gender differences in cognitive style and behaviors and in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric diseases (i.e., autism spectrum disorder). Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomasi@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 FU National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [2RO1AA09481] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Contract grant number: 2RO1AA09481. NR 36 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1065-9471 J9 HUM BRAIN MAPP JI Hum. Brain Mapp. PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 BP 849 EP 860 DI 10.1002/hbm.21252 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 906JI UT WOS:000301341000008 PM 21425398 ER PT J AU Chakoumakos, BC Custelcean, R Ramey, JO Boatner, LA AF Chakoumakos, Bryan C. Custelcean, Radu Ramey, Joanne O. Boatner, Lynn A. TI New crystal structural families of lanthanide chloride - Alcohol/water complexes SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Scintillators; Solvated lanthanide chloride complexes; Lanthanide halide solvates ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HALIDE-COMPLEXES; CECL3(CH3OH)(4) AB The exploration of lanthanide chloride compounds as possible scintillation materials for gamma-ray and neutron detection has led to the discovery of several new families of crystal structures with the general formula LnCl(3)(CH3OH)(x)(H2O)(y). The specific crystal structure depends on the water/methanol content and lanthanide ion. The coordination number of the light (large) lanthanides is the typical value of 8 and reduces to 7 for the heavier (small) lanthanides. The binding energy of water versus alcohol ligands is greater, so that if water is present in the system, it is typically incorporated as a ligand in the crystal. In these crystals, the molecular adducts occur as monomers, dimers, and dichloro-bridged chains. These, in turn, form 3D frameworks through H-bonds to the Cl anions. Other distinct crystal structures are predicted, given the volume changes due to the lanthanide contraction, the water content of the crystal growth solutions, and the specific halide. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramey, Joanne O.; Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ORNL Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chakoumakos, Bryan C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Custelcean, Radu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ramey, Joanne O.; Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Boatner, LA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ORNL Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Boatnerla@ornl.gov RI Custelcean, Radu/C-1037-2009; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Custelcean, Radu/0000-0002-0727-7972; Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 FU DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX Research carried out in the Center for Radiation Detection Materials and Systems at ORNL is supported in part by the DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development, NA-22, in the National Nuclear Security Administration and in part by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 384 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2011.11.025 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 904FN UT WOS:000301179600004 ER PT J AU Zhang, GQ Wang, SQ Ma, JS Yang, GQ AF Zhang, Guoqi Wang, Shuangqing Ma, Jin Shi Yang, Guoqiang TI Syntheses, characterization and third-order nonlinear optical properties of a class of thiazolylazo-based metal complexes SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Thiazolylazo dye; Metal complex; Crystal structure; Spectroscopy; NLO property ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; COORDINATION POLYMERS; REDOX PROPERTIES; DONOR LIGAND; CLUSTERS; CHROMOPHORES; DERIVATIVES; DESIGN AB The reactions of a thiazolylazo ligand, 2-(2-thiazolylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (HL) with zinc(II) chloride, nickel(II) acetate and cobalt(II) acetate resulted in the formation of the corresponding mononuclear coordination complexes, 1-3, both in solution and in the solid state. UV-Vis titration experiments in solution confirmed that the ligand and given metal salts interacted spontaneously with each other, producing exclusively mononuclear complexes with a metal/ligand ratio of 1:2. The solid-state structures of complexes 1 and 2 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the structure of 1, zinc(II) ion is tetra-coordinate to two N atoms from the thiazolyl groups of two distinct HL ligands and two chloride counterions with a distorted tetrahedral geometry. In the structure of 2, the nickel ion is bound to four N atoms from both the thiazolyl groups and azo group moieties, and two O atoms from the phenol groups with a hexacoordinated mode. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of both HL and 1-3 were studied by Z-scan technique in CHCl3 solution. The results showed that all four compounds exhibited strong nonlinear refraction, while complex 2 featured both large nonlinear absorption and refraction. The nonlinear refractive index values n(2) of four compounds vary in the range of -1.20 x 10(-18) to -3.42 x 10(-18) m(2)/W. Their hyperpolarizability gamma values are determined to be 2.01 x 10(-35), 1.13 x 10(-34), 2.09 x 10(-34), and 7.83 x 10(-34) esu for HL and 1-3, respectively, indicating that metal chelating did lead to considerable enhancement in third-order optical nonlinearities. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Guoqi; Wang, Shuangqing; Ma, Jin Shi; Yang, Guoqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, CAS Key Lab Photochem, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, GQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM gqzhang79@gmail.com; gqyang@iccas.ac.cn RI Zhang, Guoqi/K-7617-2012 OI Zhang, Guoqi/0000-0001-6071-8469 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20703049, 20733007, 20873165, 50973118]; National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB808004, 2009CB930802] FX Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20703049, 20733007, 20873165, 50973118), the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB808004, 2009CB930802) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 67 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 384 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2011.11.045 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 904FN UT WOS:000301179600013 ER PT J AU Lohr, M Schwender, J Polle, JEW AF Lohr, Martin Schwender, Joerg Polle, Juergen E. W. TI Isoprenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotic phototrophs: A spotlight on algae SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Algae; Isoprenoid; Terpenoid; Methylerythritol phosphate; Mevalonate; Prenyltransferase ID GERANYLGERANYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; METHYLERYTHRITOL PHOSPHATE-PATHWAY; MEVALONATE-INDEPENDENT PATHWAY; CHLOROPLAST ENVELOPE MEMBRANES; PARASITE PERKINSUS-MARINUS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; ISOPENTENYL DIPHOSPHATE; PYROPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE AB Isoprenoids are one of the largest groups of natural compounds and have a variety of important functions in the primary metabolism of land plants and algae. In recent years, our understanding of the numerous facets of isoprenoid metabolism in land plants has been rapidly increasing, while knowledge on the metabolic network of isoprenoids in algae still lags behind. Here, current views on the biochemistry and genetics of the core isoprenoid metabolism in land plants and in the major algal phyla are compared and some of the most pressing open questions are highlighted. Based on the different evolutionary histories of the various groups of eukaryotic phototrophs, we discuss the distribution and regulation of the mevalonate (MVA) and the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways in land plants and algae and the potential consequences of the loss of the MVA pathway in groups such as the green algae. For the prenyltransferases, serving as gatekeepers to the various branches of terpenoid biosynthesis in land plants and algae, we explore the minimal inventory necessary for the formation of primary isoprenoids and present a preliminary analysis of their occurrence and phylogeny in algae with primary and secondary plastids. The review concludes with some perspectives on genetic engineering of the isoprenoid metabolism in algae. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lohr, Martin] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Allgemeine Bot, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Schwender, Joerg] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Polle, Juergen E. W.] CUNY Brooklyn Coll, Dept Biol, Brooklyn, NY 11210 USA. RP Lohr, M (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Allgemeine Bot, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. EM lohr@uni-mainz.de; jpolle@brooklyn.cuny.edu RI Schwender, Jorg/P-2282-2014; Lohr, Martin/A-1214-2009 OI Schwender, Jorg/0000-0003-1350-4171; FU Gutenberg-University Mainz; German Science Foundation; US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [BO-162] FX M.L. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Gutenberg-University Mainz and the German Science Foundation. J.S. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, through field work proposal BO-162. We thank the Review Editor Jonathan Gressel and the anonymous reviewers for providing valuable suggestions for improvement of the manuscript. NR 206 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 10 U2 102 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 185 BP 9 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.07.018 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 904SN UT WOS:000301218300002 PM 22325862 ER PT J AU Tipping, E Chamberlain, PM Froberg, M Hanson, PJ Jardine, PM AF Tipping, E. Chamberlain, P. M. Froberg, M. Hanson, P. J. Jardine, P. M. TI Simulation of carbon cycling, including dissolved organic carbon transport, in forest soil locally enriched with C-14 SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE C-14; Carbon; Cycling; Dissolved organic carbon; Dissolved organic matter; DyDOC model; Enriched Background Isotope Study; Litter manipulation; Soil ID MINERAL SOILS; RADIOCARBON TRACER; FRESH LITTER; MATTER; STABILIZATION; DYNAMICS; FLOOR; TURNOVER; MANIPULATION; THROUGHFALL AB The DyDOC model was used to simulate the soil carbon cycle of a deciduous forest at the Oak Ridge Reservation (Tennessee, USA). The model application relied on extensive data from the Enriched Background Isotope Study (EBIS), which exploited a short-term local atmospheric enrichment of radiocarbon to establish a large-scale manipulation experiment with different inputs of C-14 from both above-ground and below-ground litter. The model was first fitted to hydrological data, then observed pools and fluxes of carbon and C-14 data were used to fit parameters describing metabolic transformations of soil organic matter (SOM) components and the transport and sorption of dissolved organic matter (DOM). This produced a detailed quantitative description of soil C cycling in the three horizons (O, A, B) of the soil profile. According to the parameterised model, SOM turnover within the thin O-horizon rapidly produces DOM (46 gC m(-2) a(-1)), which is predominantly hydrophobic. This DOM is nearly all adsorbed in the A- and B-horizons, and while most is mineralised relatively quickly, 11 gC m(-2) a(-1) undergoes a "maturing" reaction, producing mineral-associated stable SOM pools with mean residence times of 100-200 years. Only a small flux (similar to 1 gC m(-2) a(-1)) of hydrophilic DOM leaves the B-horizon. The SOM not associated with mineral matter is assumed to be derived from root litter, and turns over quite quickly (mean residence time 20-30 years). Although DyDOC was successfully fitted to C pools, annual fluxes and C-14 data, it accounted less well for short-term variations in DOC concentrations. C1 [Tipping, E.; Chamberlain, P. M.] Lancaster Environm Ctr, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster LA1 4AP, England. [Froberg, M.] SLU Sveriges Lantbruksuniv, Dept Soil & Environm, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Froberg, M.; Hanson, P. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jardine, P. M.] Univ Tennessee, Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci Dept, Inst Secure & Sustainable Environm, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Tipping, E (reprint author), Lancaster Environm Ctr, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster LA1 4AP, England. EM et@ceh.ac.uk RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Froberg, Mats/E-8741-2012; Tipping, Edward/I-6309-2012 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Tipping, Edward/0000-0001-6618-6512 FU UK Natural Environment Research Council [NE/D00697]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors appreciate the EBIS field data collections effort of Donald E. Todd Jr., and detailed and time consuming 14C-analyses of Chris Swanston that made this paper possible. The work of E. Tipping and P. M. Chamberlain was supported by grant NE/D00697 from the UK Natural Environment Research Council. Associated support for the EBIS project for the efforts of M. Froberg, P. J. Hanson and P. M. Jardine was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. We are grateful to three anonymous referees for their constructive criticisms of the original submission, attention to which substantially improved the paper. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD APR PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1-3 BP 91 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9575-1 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 897NY UT WOS:000300659300007 ER PT J AU Griffiths, NA Tank, JL Royer, TV Warrner, TJ Frauendorf, TC Rosi-Marshall, EJ Whiles, MR AF Griffiths, Natalie A. Tank, Jennifer L. Royer, Todd V. Warrner, Thomas J. Frauendorf, Therese C. Rosi-Marshall, Emma J. Whiles, Matt R. TI Temporal variation in organic carbon spiraling in Midwestern agricultural streams SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Organic carbon spiraling; Streams; Agriculture; Channelization; Retention; Maize; Filamentous algae; Dissolved organic carbon; Heterotrophic respiration ID SEDIMENT MICROBIAL RESPIRATION; GULF-OF-MEXICO; MATTER DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; HEADWATER STREAMS; RIVER CONTINUUM; LONGITUDINAL PATTERNS; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; NATURAL WATERS; DESERT STREAM AB Inland freshwaters transform and retain up to half of the carbon that enters from the terrestrial environment and have recently been recognized as important components of regional and global carbon budgets. However, the importance of small streams to these carbon budgets is not well understood due to the lack of globally-distributed data, especially from streams draining agricultural landscapes. We quantified organic carbon pools and heterotrophic metabolism seasonally in 6 low-order streams draining row-crop fields in northwestern Indiana, USA, and used these data to examine patterns in organic carbon spiraling lengths (S-OC; km), downstream velocities (V-OC; m/d), and turnover rates (K-OC; day(-1)). There were seasonal differences in S-OC, with the longest spiraling lengths in winter (range: 7.7-54.4 km) and the shortest in early and late summer (range: 0.2-9.0 km). This seasonal pattern in S-OC was primarily driven by differences in discharge, suggesting that hydrology tightly controls the fate of organic carbon in these streams. K-OC did not differ seasonally, and variability (range: 0.0007-0.0193 day(-1)) was controlled by differences in stream water soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations. Compared to previous studies conducted primarily in forested streams, agricultural streams tended to be less retentive of organic carbon. These systems function predominantly as conduits transporting organic carbon to downstream ecosystems, except during low, stable-flow periods (i.e., late summer) when agricultural streams can be as retentive of organic carbon as forested headwaters. High organic carbon retention in the late summer has implications for coupled carbon and nitrogen cycling (i.e., denitrification), which may play an important role in removing nitrate from stream water during periods of low flow. C1 [Griffiths, Natalie A.; Tank, Jennifer L.; Frauendorf, Therese C.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Royer, Todd V.; Warrner, Thomas J.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Rosi-Marshall, Emma J.] Loyola Univ, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. [Whiles, Matt R.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Whiles, Matt R.] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Griffiths, NA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM griffithsna@ornl.gov RI Griffiths, Natalie/C-3087-2012; OI Griffiths, Natalie/0000-0003-0068-7714 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0415984]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank C. Chambers, J. Pokelsek, and M. Stephen for field and laboratory assistance. We also thank private land owners for facilitating access to study sites. Dr. R. O. Hall Jr. and two anonymous reviewers provided many helpful comments that greatly improved an earlier version of this manuscript. This project was supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0415984). N. A. Griffiths was also supported by a Post-Graduate Scholarship (PGS-D) from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 88 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 89 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD APR PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 169 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9585-z PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 897NY UT WOS:000300659300011 ER PT J AU Chai, SH Howe, JY Wang, XQ Kidder, M Schwartz, V Golden, ML Overbury, SH Dai, S Jiang, DE AF Chai, Song-Hai Howe, Jane Y. Wang, Xiqing Kidder, Michelle Schwartz, Viuiane Golden, Melissa L. Overbury, Steven H. Dai, Sheng Jiang, De-en TI Graphitic mesoporous carbon as a support of promoted Rh catalysts for hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to ethanol SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; PLATINUM; SYNGAS; CONVERSION; BLACKS AB Graphitic mesoporous carbon (GMC), prepared through high-temperature graphitization of soft-templated amorphous mesoporous carbon (AMC), was used as the support for Mn, Li, and Fe triple-promoted Rh catalysts for CO hydrogenation to ethanol. The use of GMC results in C2H5OH selectivity and formation rate comparable to nonporous SiO2 support along with a significant inhibition on the formation of undesired CH4 and light hydrocarbons at the expense of appreciable amounts of CO2 produced. The better catalytic performance of promoted-Rh/GMC than those supported on other carbon allotropes (AMC and non-porous graphitic carbon black) seems to be associated with the specific graphitic structure and mesoporosity of GMC. The surface modification of GMC by wet oxidation leads to considerable increases in C2H5OH selectivity and formation rate. The modified GMC as a support shows substantially greater CO2-free selectivity for C2H5OH than the SiO2. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chai, Song-Hai; Wang, Xiqing; Kidder, Michelle; Overbury, Steven H.; Dai, Sheng; Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Howe, Jane Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schwartz, Viuiane; Overbury, Steven H.; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Golden, Melissa L.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Chem, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. RP Chai, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chais@ornl.gov; jiangd@ornl.gov RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Wang, Xiqing/E-3062-2010; Chai, Song-Hai/A-9299-2012; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Wang, Xiqing/0000-0002-1843-008X; Chai, Song-Hai/0000-0002-4152-2513; Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was sponsored by the laboratory-directed research and development (LDRD) program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. Dr. Zili Wu and Dr. Gabriel M. Veith were acknowledged for catalyst characterizations. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 54 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 4 BP 1574 EP 1582 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.11.036 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 901ZG UT WOS:000301007800014 ER PT J AU Lee, I Chung, E Kweon, H Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Lee, I. Chung, E. Kweon, H. Yiacoumi, S. Tsouris, C. TI Scanning surface potential microscopy of spore adhesion on surfaces SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES LA English DT Article DE Atomic force microscopy; Scanning surface potential microscopy; SSPM; Kelvin probe force microscopy; KPFM; Spore adhesion; Spores ID BACILLUS-CEREUS SPORES; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; FORCE MICROSCOPY; SOLID-SURFACES; DENSITY; CHARGE; MECHANISMS; EXOSPORIUM; MUTANT AB The adhesion of spores of Bacillus anthracis - the cause of anthrax and a likely biological threat - to solid surfaces is an important consideration in cleanup after an accidental or deliberate release. However, because of safety concerns, directly studying B. anthracis spores with advanced instrumentation is problematic. As a first step, we are examining the electrostatic potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a closely related species that is often used as a simulant to study B. anthracis. Scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM), also known as Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), was used to investigate the influence of relative humidity (RH) on the surface electrostatic potential of Bt that had adhered to silica, mica, or gold substrates. AFM/SSPM side-by-side images were obtained separately in air, at various values of RH, after an aqueous droplet with spores was applied on each surface and allowed to dry before measurements. In the SSPM images, a negative potential on the surface of the spores was observed compared with that of the substrates. The surface potential decreased as the humidity increased. Spores were unable to adhere to a surface with an extremely negative potential, such as mica. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, I.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lee, I.; Tsouris, C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chung, E.; Kweon, H.; Yiacoumi, S.; Tsouris, C.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Lee, I (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ilee1@utk.edu RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-07-1-0035] FX This work is supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Grant number HDTRA1-07-1-0035. The authors are also thankful to Dr. Marsha Savage for editing the manuscript. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7765 J9 COLLOID SURFACE B JI Colloid Surf. B-Biointerfaces PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 92 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.11.052 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Materials Science GA 900AM UT WOS:000300859000038 PM 22196463 ER PT J AU Zhang, LZ Tonks, MR Millett, PC Zhang, YF Chockalingam, K Biner, B AF Zhang, Liangzhe Tonks, Michael R. Millett, Paul C. Zhang, Yongfeng Chockalingam, Karthikeyan Biner, Bulent TI Phase-field modeling of temperature gradient driven pore migration coupling with thermal conduction SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Phase-field; Soret effect; Pore migration; Thermal conductivity ID SINTERED URANIUM DIOXIDE; COLUMNAR GRAIN GROWTH; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; VOID MIGRATION; FUEL RODS; SIMULATION; KINETICS AB Pore migration in a temperature gradient (Soret effect) is investigated by a phase-field model coupled with a heat transfer calculation. Pore migration is observed towards the high temperature domain with velocities that agree with analytical solution. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the pores, the temperature gradient across individual pores is increased, which in turn, accelerates the pore migration. In particular, for pores filled with xenon and helium, the pore velocities are increased by a factor of 2.2 and 2.1, respectively. A quantitative equation is then derived to predict the influence of the low thermal conductivity of pores. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Zhang, Liangzhe; Tonks, Michael R.; Millett, Paul C.; Zhang, Yongfeng; Chockalingam, Karthikeyan; Biner, Bulent] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Zhang, LZ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM liangzhezhang@gmail.com FU Department of Energy; Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; US Department of Energy FX The authors would like to thank Derek Gaston and Cody Permann from Idaho National Laboratory for their assistance with MOOSE development in support of MARMOT. The authors also thank Dr. Xianming (David) Bai for his recommendations and advices. This work was funded by the Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation program. This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 56 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.01.002 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 898GW UT WOS:000300729400022 ER PT J AU Casperson, RJ AF Casperson, R. J. TI IBAR: Interacting boson model calculations for large system sizes SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Interacting boson model; Quantum phase transitions; Reduced matrix elements; Nuclear structure ID QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; NUCLEI; STATES AB Scaling the system size of the interacting boson model-1 (IBM-1) into the realm of hundreds of bosons has many interesting applications in the field of nuclear structure, most notably quantum phase transitions in nuclei. We introduce IBAR, a new software package for calculating the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the IBM-1 Hamiltonian, for large numbers of bosons. Energies and wavefunctions of the nuclear states, as well as transition strengths between them, are calculated using these values. Numerical errors in the recursive calculation of reduced matrix elements of the d-boson creation operator are reduced by using an arbitrary precision mathematical library. This software has been tested for up to 1000 bosons using comparisons to analytic expressions. Comparisons have also been made to the code PHINT for smaller system sizes. Program summary Program title: IBAR Catalogue identifier: AELI_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AELI_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License version 3 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 28 734 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 4104 467 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: C++ Computer: Any computer system with a C++ compiler Operating system: Tested under Linux RAM: 150 MB for 1000 boson calculations with angular momenta of up to L = 4 Classification: 17.18, 17.20 External routines: ARPACK (http://www.caam.rice.edu/software/ARPACK/) Nature of problem: Construction and diagonalization of large Hamiltonian matrices, using reduced matrix elements of the d-boson creation operator. Solution method: Reduced matrix elements of the d-boson creation operator have been stored in data files at machine precision, after being recursively calculated with higher than machine precision. The Hamiltonian matrix is calculated and diagonalized, and the requested transition strengths are calculated using the eigenvectors. Restrictions: The 1000 boson coefficients for L = 0 and L = 20 have been included in the IBAR distribution and the 7.3 GB of data that make up the remaining coefficients for L = 21 to L = 2000 are available upon request. Running time: If the provided example is changed to include 100 bosons, the calculation requires about 1 second of run time. For 1000 bosons, the calculation requires about 9 minutes of run time. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Casperson, R. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Casperson, R. J.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Casperson, RJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM casperson1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER-40609] FX The author would like to thank V. Werner, E. Williams, F. Iachello, R.F. Casten, and P. Van Isacker for many useful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and under U.S. Department of Energy grant number DE-FG02-91ER-40609. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD APR PY 2012 VL 183 IS 4 BP 1029 EP 1035 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2011.12.024 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 902HH UT WOS:000301028700020 ER PT J AU Ji, ZY Weldon, RH Marchetti, F Chen, H Li, GL Xing, CH Kurtovich, E Young, S Schmid, TE Waidyanatha, S Rappaport, S Zhang, LP Eskenazi, B AF Ji, Zhiying Weldon, Rosana H. Marchetti, Francesco Chen, Howard Li, Guilan Xing, Caihong Kurtovich, Elaine Young, Suzanne Schmid, Thomas E. Waidyanatha, Suramya Rappaport, Stephen Zhang, Luoping Eskenazi, Brenda TI Comparison of aneuploidies of chromosomes 21, X, and Y in the blood lymphocytes and sperm of workers exposed to benzene SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE occupational exposure; chromosome 21; sex chromosomes ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; CHINESE WORKERS; LEUKEMIA; ABERRATIONS; HUMANS; HEMATOTOXICITY; METABOLISM; INTERPHASE; BIOMARKERS; ANEUSOMY AB Benzene is a primary industrial chemical and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that causes human leukemia and maybe other malignancies. Occupational exposure to benzene has been associated with increased chromosomal aneuploidies in blood lymphocytes and, in separate studies, in sperm. However, aneuploidy detection in somatic and germ cells within the same benzene-exposed individuals has never been reported. To compare aneuploidies in blood lymphocytes and sperm within the same individuals exposed to benzene, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 33 benzene-exposed male workers and 33 unexposed workers from Chinese factories. Air benzene concentrations in the exposed workers ranged from below the detection limit to 24 ppm (median, 2.9 ppm) and were undetectable in the unexposed subjects. Aneuploidies of chromosomes 21, X, and Y in blood lymphocytes were examined by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization and were compared to the previously reported aneuploidies in sperm. The results showed that benzene exposure was positively associated with the gain of chromosome 21 but not sex chromosomes in blood lymphocytes. This was in contrast to analysis of sperm, where the gain of sex chromosomes, but not chromosome 21, was significantly increased in the exposed workers. Furthermore, a significant correlation in the gain of sex chromosomes between blood lymphocytes and sperm was observed among the unexposed subjects, but not among the exposed workers. The findings suggest that benzene exposure induces aneuploidies in both blood cells and sperm within the same individuals, but selectively affects chromosome 21 in blood lymphocytes and the sex chromosomes in sperm. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Weldon, Rosana H.; Kurtovich, Elaine; Young, Suzanne; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, CERCH, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Marchetti, Francesco; Xing, Caihong; Schmid, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xing, Caihong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Hlth & Poison Control, Dept Toxicol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Waidyanatha, Suramya] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ji, Zhiying; Chen, Howard; Li, Guilan; Rappaport, Stephen; Zhang, Luoping] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Eskenazi, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, CERCH, Sch Publ Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave,Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM luoping@berkeley.edu; eskenazi@berkeley.edu OI Marchetti, Francesco/0000-0002-9435-4867 FU American Petroleum Institute; American Chemistry Council; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R03 ES015340-02, P42ES004705]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-END-48]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of Health; Jennifer and Brian Maxwell Chair FX S.R. has received consulting and expert testimony fees from law firms representing plaintiffs' cases involving exposure to benzene and has received research support from the American Petroleum Institute and the American Chemistry Council. All other authors declare that they have no actual or potential competing financial interests.; Grant sponsor: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Grant numbers: R03 ES015340-02; P42ES004705; Grant sponsor: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Grant number: W-7405-END-48; Grant sponsor: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Grant number: DE-AC02-05CH11231; Grant sponsors: National Institutes of Health; Jennifer and Brian Maxwell Chair. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD APR PY 2012 VL 53 IS 3 BP 218 EP 226 DI 10.1002/em.21683 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 901PT UT WOS:000300980000007 PM 22351378 ER PT J AU Wu, WJ DeMar, P Crawford, M AF Wu, Wenji DeMar, Phil Crawford, Matt TI A Transport-Friendly NIC for Multicore/Multiprocessor Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Network interface card; protocol stack; multicore; high performance networking; TCP/IP AB Receive side scaling (RSS) is an NIC technology that provides the benefits of parallel receive processing in multiprocessing environments. However, RSS lacks a critical data steering mechanism that would automatically steer incoming network data to the same core on which its application thread resides. This absence causes inefficient cache usage if an application thread is not running on the core on which RSS has scheduled the received traffic to be processed and results in degraded performance. To remedy the RSS limitation, Intel's Ethernet Flow Director technology has been introduced. However, our analysis shows that Flow Director can cause significant packet reordering. Packet reordering causes various negative impacts in high-speed networks. We propose an NIC data steering mechanism to remedy the RSS and Flow Director limitations. This data steering mechanism is mainly targeted at TCP. We term an NIC with such a data steering mechanism "A Transport-Friendly NIC" (A-TFN). Experimental results have proven the effectiveness of A-TFN in accelerating TCP/IP performance. C1 [Wu, Wenji; DeMar, Phil; Crawford, Matt] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wu, WJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Comp Div, POB 500,MS-368, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM wenji@fnal.gov; demar@fnal.gov; crawdad@fnal.gov NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD APR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 4 BP 607 EP 615 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2011.195 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 901QE UT WOS:000300981100005 ER PT J AU Shin, HAS Kim, BJ Kim, JH Hwang, SH Budiman, AS Son, HY Byun, KY Tamura, N Kunz, M Kim, DI Joo, YC AF Shin, Hae-A-Seul Kim, Byoung-Joon Kim, Ju-Heon Hwang, Sung-Hwan Budiman, Arief Suriadi Son, Ho-Young Byun, Kwang-Yoo Tamura, Nobumichi Kunz, Martin Kim, Dong-Ik Joo, Young-Chang TI Microstructure Evolution and Defect Formation in Cu Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs) During Thermal Annealing SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Through-silicon via (TSV); copper; microstructure; twin; stress ID 3-DIMENSIONAL INTEGRATION; TECHNOLOGY AB The microstructural evolution of Cu through-silicon vias (TSVs) during thermal annealing was investigated by analyzing the Cu microstructure and the effects of twin boundaries and stress in the TSV. The Cu TSV had two regions with different grain sizes between the center and the edge with a random Cu texture before and after annealing. The grain size of large grains was almost unchanged after annealing, and the abrupt grain growth was restricted by the twin boundaries due to their structural stability. However, microvoids and cracks in the Cu TSV were observed after annealing. These defects were formed by the stress concentration among Cu grains. After defects were formed, the stress level of the TSV was decreased after annealing. C1 [Shin, Hae-A-Seul; Kim, Byoung-Joon; Hwang, Sung-Hwan; Joo, Young-Chang] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Ju-Heon; Kim, Dong-Ik] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Seoul, South Korea. [Budiman, Arief Suriadi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINT, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Son, Ho-Young; Byun, Kwang-Yoo] Hynix Semicond Inc, Div Res & Dev, PKG Dev Grp, Ichon, South Korea. [Tamura, Nobumichi; Kunz, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shin, HAS (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM ycjoo@snu.ac.kr RI Kim, Dong-Ik/D-1605-2011; Kunz, Martin/K-4491-2012 OI Kim, Dong-Ik/0000-0003-0674-8725; Kunz, Martin/0000-0001-9769-9900 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [0416243]; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), under the Los Alamos National Laboratory [LDRD/X93V] FX This project was conducted through the Practical Application Project of Advanced Microsystems Packaging Program of Seoul Technopark, funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (10029790). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley Nationalz Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, CA. The move of the microdiffraction program from ALS beamline 7.3.3 onto to the ALS superbend source 12.3.2 was enabled through NSF Grant No. 0416243. One of the authors (A. S. B.) is supported by the Director, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), under the Los Alamos National Laboratory Director's Postdoctoral Research Fellowship program (LDRD/X93V). NR 24 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 712 EP 719 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-1943-7 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 902LS UT WOS:000301040300015 ER PT J AU El Mehdawi, AF Cappa, JJ Fakra, SC Self, J Pilon-Smits, EAH AF El Mehdawi, Ali F. Cappa, Jennifer J. Fakra, Sirine C. Self, James Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A. H. TI Interactions of selenium hyperaccumulators and nonaccumulators during cocultivation on seleniferous or nonseleniferous soil - the importance of having good neighbors SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Astragalus; hyperaccumulation; phytoenrichment; plant-plant interactions; selenium; Stanleya ID PRAIRIE DOG HERBIVORY; STANLEYA-PINNATA; PROTECTS PLANTS; ACCUMULATION; TOLERANCE; TOXICITY; ASSIMILATION; ARABIDOPSIS; DETERRENCE; SELENATE AB This study investigated how selenium (Se) affects relationships between Se hyperaccumulator and nonaccumulator species, particularly how plants influence their neighbors Se accumulation and growth. Hyperaccumulators Astragalus bisulcatus and Stanleya pinnata and nonaccumulators Astragalus drummondii and Stanleya elata were cocultivated on seleniferous or nonseleniferous soil, or on gravel supplied with different selenate concentrations. The plants were analyzed for growth, Se accumulation and Se speciation. Also, root exudates were analyzed for Se concentration. The hyperaccumulators showed 2.5-fold better growth on seleniferous than on nonseleniferous soil, and up to fourfold better growth with increasing Se supply; the nonaccumulators showed the opposite results. Both hyperaccumulators and nonaccumulators could affect growth (up to threefold) and Se accumulation (up to sixfold) of neighboring plants. Nonaccumulators S. elata and A. drummondii accumulated predominantly (8895%) organic C-Se-C; the remainder was selenate. S. elata accumulated relatively more C-Se-C and less selenate when growing adjacent to S. pinnata. Both hyperaccumulators released selenocompounds from their roots. A. bisulcatus exudate contained predominantly C-Se-C compounds; no speciation data could be obtained for S. pinnata. Thus, plants can affect Se accumulation in neighbors, and soil Se affects competition and facilitation between plants. This helps to explain why hyperaccumulators are found predominantly on seleniferous soils. C1 [El Mehdawi, Ali F.; Cappa, Jennifer J.; Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Fakra, Sirine C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Self, James] Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci Dept, Soil Water & Plant Testing Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Pilon-Smits, EAH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM epsmits@lamar.colostate.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0817748]; Libyan government; Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Stormy Dawn Lindblom for helpful discussion and technical assistance with XAS studies. Funding for these studies was provided by National Science Foundation grant # IOS-0817748 to E.A.H.P-S. and a graduate fellowship from the Libyan government to A.F.E.M. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2012 VL 194 IS 1 SI SI BP 264 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.04043.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 898EQ UT WOS:000300719400026 ER PT J AU Santella, M Brown, E Pozuelo, M Pan, TY Yang, JM AF Santella, M. Brown, E. Pozuelo, M. Pan, T. -Y. Yang, J. -M. TI Details of Mg-Zn reactions in AZ31 to galvanised mild steel ultrasonic spot welds SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article DE AZ31; Intermetallic; Magnesium; Reaction layer; Spot weld; Steel; Ultrasonic; Ultrasonic weld ID INTERFACE; PHASE; ALLOY AB For ultrasonic spot welds between sheets of 0.8 mm thick hot dip galvanised mild steel and 1.6 mm thick AZ31B-H24, two Mg-Zn interface reaction layers, totalling around 22 mu m in thickness, formed in 0.3 s, replacing the original 9 mm thick galvanised coating on the steel. The layer contacting AZ31 had composition near 25 at-%Zn. The second layer, contacting the steel, had composition near 66 at-%Zn. Mg-Zn alloying formed liquid phases during welding that were progressively squeezed from the joints until they were no longer evident at 1.0 s welding time. At that point a less than 500 nm thick layer of Al5Fe2 was identified by electron diffraction and microchemical analysis at the AZ31/steel interfaces. For welding times greater than about 0.5 s lap shear failures propagated through the AZ31 near the welded interfaces. This indicated that the strength of the AZ31-mild steel bonds was greater than that of the AZ31 near the welded interfaces. C1 [Santella, M.; Pan, T. -Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brown, E.] EB Sci Enterprises, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Pozuelo, M.; Yang, J. -M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Santella, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM msantell@utk.edu RI Pozuelo, Marta/A-6906-2011 OI Pozuelo, Marta/0000-0001-6869-8749 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC0500OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX The authors are grateful to W. Zhang for a technical review and helpful comments. This research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program, under contract DE-AC0500OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 19 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PD APR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1179/1362171811Y.0000000098 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 899MX UT WOS:000300821100010 ER PT J AU Banerjee, G Car, S Liu, TJ Williams, DL Meza, SL Walton, JD Hodge, DB AF Banerjee, Goutami Car, Suzana Liu, Tongjun Williams, Daniel L. Meza, Sarynna Lopez Walton, Jonathan D. Hodge, David B. TI Scale-up and integration of alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and ethanolic fermentation SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; corn stover; hydrogen peroxide; cellulase; biomass; fermentation ID CORN STOVER; WHEAT-STRAW; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; DILUTE-ACID; SACCHARIFICATION; DELIGNIFICATION; TECHNOLOGIES; SWITCHGRASS; DECONSTRUCTION; MIXTURES AB Alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) has several attractive features as a pretreatment in the lignocellulosic biomass-to-ethanol pipeline. Here, the feasibility of scaling-up the AHP process and integrating it with enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was studied. Corn stover (1?kg) was subjected to AHP pretreatment, hydrolyzed enzymatically, and the resulting sugars fermented to ethanol. The AHP pretreatment was performed at 0.125?g H2O2/g biomass, 22 degrees C, and atmospheric pressure for 48?h with periodic pH readjustment. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed in the same reactor following pH neutralization of the biomass slurry and without washing. After 48?h, glucose and xylose yields were 75% and 71% of the theoretical maximum. Sterility was maintained during pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis without the use of antibiotics. During fermentation using a glucose- and xylose-utilizing strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, all of the Glc and 67% of the Xyl were consumed in 120?h. The final ethanol titer was 13.7?g/L. Treatment of the enzymatic hydrolysate with activated carbon prior to fermentation had little effect on Glc fermentation but markedly improved utilization of Xyl, presumably due to the removal of soluble aromatic inhibitors. The results indicate that AHP is readily scalable and can be integrated with enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation. Compared to other leading pretreatments for lignocellulosic biomass, AHP has potential advantages with regard to capital costs, process simplicity, feedstock handling, and compatibility with enzymatic deconstruction and fermentation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:922931. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Banerjee, Goutami; Car, Suzana; Liu, Tongjun; Williams, Daniel L.; Meza, Sarynna Lopez; Walton, Jonathan D.; Hodge, David B.] Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Liu, Tongjun] Shandong Polytech Univ, Shandong Prov Key Lab Microbial Engn, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Williams, Daniel L.; Hodge, David B.] MSU, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI USA. [Walton, Jonathan D.] MSU, Dept Energy, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI USA. [Hodge, David B.] MSU, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Walton, JD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM walton@msu.edu; hodgeda@egr.msu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences (MSU-Plant Research Laboratory) [DE-FG02-91ER200021]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences [DE-FG02-91ER200021] FX Contract grant sponsor: U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; DOE Office of Science); Contract grant number: BER DE-FC02-07ER64494; Contract grant sponsor: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences (MSU-Plant Research Laboratory); This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494) and by grant DE-FG02-91ER200021 to the MSU-Plant Research Laboratory from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. We thank Cliff Foster (GLBRC and Michigan State University) for the cell wall analyses, Shawn Kaeppler and Natalia DeLeon (GLBRC and University of Wisconsin-Madison) for the corn stover, Trey Sato (GLBRC and University of Wisconsin-Madison) for the Y35 strain of S. cerevisiae, and Jonathan Dahl (MSU Department of Crop and Soil Sciences) for the use of the sieve-shaking equipment.; Contract grant number: DE-FG02-91ER200021 NR 50 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 109 IS 4 BP 922 EP 931 DI 10.1002/bit.24385 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 897WX UT WOS:000300692700010 PM 22125119 ER PT J AU Klein-Marcuschamer, D Oleskowicz-Popiel, P Simmons, BA Blanch, HW AF Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr Simmons, Blake A. Blanch, Harvey W. TI The challenge of enzyme cost in the production of lignocellulosic biofuels SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE cellulase; process model; techno-economic analysis; biofuels; enzyme costs; enzyme loading ID CORN STOVER; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CELLULASE PRODUCTION; TECHNOECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; HYDROLYSIS; BIOMASS; SACCHARIFICATION; FERMENTATION; PRETREATMENT AB With the aim of understanding the contribution of enzymes to the cost of lignocellulosic biofuels, we constructed a techno-economic model for the production of fungal cellulases. We found that the cost of producing enzymes was much higher than that commonly assumed in the literature. For example, the cost contribution of enzymes to ethanol produced by the conversion of corn stover was found to be $0.68/gal if the sugars in the biomass could be converted at maximum theoretical yields, and $1.47/gal if the yields were based on saccharification and fermentation yields that have been previously reported in the scientific literature. We performed a sensitivity analysis to study the effect of feedstock prices and fermentation times on the cost contribution of enzymes to ethanol price. We conclude that a significant effort is still required to lower the contribution of enzymes to biofuel production costs. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:10831087. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr; Simmons, Blake A.; Blanch, Harvey W.] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr; Simmons, Blake A.; Blanch, Harvey W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA USA. [Blanch, Harvey W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Blanch, HW (reprint author), Joint Bioenergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM blanch@berkeley.edu RI Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr/F-7810-2014; OI Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr/0000-0003-3852-0098; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; Statoil FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. Project funding was provided by the U.S. DOE, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technology Commercialization Fund; additional funding from Statoil is acknowledged. The authors declare no conflicting interests. NR 30 TC 244 Z9 245 U1 12 U2 153 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD APR PY 2012 VL 109 IS 4 BP 1083 EP 1087 DI 10.1002/bit.24370 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 897WX UT WOS:000300692700025 PM 22095526 ER PT J AU Granas, O Di Marco, I Thunstrom, P Nordstrom, L Eriksson, O Bjorkman, T Wills, JM AF Granas, O. Di Marco, I. Thunstrom, P. Nordstrom, L. Eriksson, O. Bjorkman, T. Wills, J. M. TI Charge self-consistent dynamical mean-field theory based on the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method: Methodology and applications SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Dynamical mean-field theory; Correlated materials; NiO; Fe; SmCo5 ID STRONGLY CORRELATED SYSTEMS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA; LDA++ APPROACH; ENERGY; METALS; BAND; NIO; MOMENT; IRON AB Full charge self-consistence (CSC) over the electron density has been implemented into the local density approximation plus dynamical mean-field theory (LDA + DMFT) scheme based on a full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method (FP-LMTO). Computational details on the construction of the electron density from the density matrix are provided. The method is tested on the prototypical charge-transfer insulator NiO using a simple static Hartree-Fock approximation as impurity solver. The spectral and ground state properties of bcc Fe are then addressed, by means of the spin-polarized T-matrix fluctuation exchange solver (SPTF). Finally the permanent magnet SmCo5 is studied using multiple impurity solvers, SPTF and Hubbard I, as the strength of the local Coulomb interaction on the Sm and Co sites are drastically different. The developed CSC-DMFT method is shown to in general improve on materials properties like magnetic moments, electronic structure and the materials density. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Granas, O.; Di Marco, I.; Thunstrom, P.; Nordstrom, L.; Eriksson, O.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Bjorkman, T.] Aalto Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Appl Phys, COMP, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. [Wills, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Di Marco, I (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. EM igor.dimarco@physics.uu.se RI Bjorkman, Torbjorn/B-9844-2012; Granas, Oscar/I-6723-2012; Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; Di Marco, Igor/O-5190-2014 OI Bjorkman, Torbjorn/0000-0002-1154-9846; Granas, Oscar/0000-0002-1482-2182; Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Di Marco, Igor/0000-0003-1714-0942 FU Swedish Research Council (VR); Energimyndigheten (STEM); European Research Council [247062 - ASD]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation FX Financial support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) and Energimyndigheten (STEM), is acknowledged. Calculations have been performed at the Swedish national computer centers UPP-MAX, PDC, HPC2N and NSC. O.E. is also grateful to the European Research Council (Grant 247062 - ASD) and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, for financial support. NR 61 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 55 BP 295 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.11.032 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 898GS UT WOS:000300728600039 ER PT J AU Sun, ZW Tikare, V Patterson, BR Sprague, AP AF Sun, Zhiwei Tikare, Veena Patterson, Burton R. Sprague, Alan P. TI Topological characterization of microstructures from 3D digitized voxel data SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Topology; Microstructure; Grain growth; Euler's formula ID GRAIN-GROWTH; ALGORITHM AB Topological characterization of 3D voxel-based images is non-trivial. Since there are many scientific simulations that rely on digitized images consisting of voxel data, and usually need to be run in parallel, an accurate and efficient algorithm to characterize 3D microstructures in cubic lattice is crucial for research on topology. In this work, we present an algorithm that enables detailed topological characterization that is extendible to parallel computing while retaining its efficiency and robustness. With this algorithm, a 3D microstructure made up of voxels can be accurately described in terms of faces, edges and vertices and the network formed by them. This algorithm is applied to various data sets consisting of idealized, regular structures and to microstructures generated by grain growth simulations. Highly accurate characterization of topology has been achieved for all data sets. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Zhiwei; Tikare, Veena] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Patterson, Burton R.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sun, Zhiwei; Sprague, Alan P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Tikare, V (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0747, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM VTikare@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; NSF [DMR-1035188] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from NSF Project DMR-1035188. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 55 BP 329 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.11.012 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 898GS UT WOS:000300728600043 ER PT J AU Zhang, D Wang, F Burgos, R Boroyevich, D AF Zhang, Di Wang, Fei Burgos, Rolando Boroyevich, Dushan TI Total Flux Minimization Control for Integrated Inter-Phase Inductors in Paralleled, Interleaved Three-Phase Two-Level Voltage-Source Converters With Discontinuous Space-Vector Modulation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Circulating current; discontinuous SVM; flux minimization; interleaving; interphase inductor; parallel; voltage source converter; VSC ID INVERTERS; PWM; CONNECTION; TOPOLOGY; SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a control method to minimize the total flux in the integrated interphase inductors of paralleled, interleaved three-phase two-level voltage-source converters (VSCs) using discontinuous space vector modulation (DPWM). Specifically, different inductor structures used to limit circulating currents are introduced and compared, and the structure and flux distribution of two types of integrated interphase inductors are analyzed in detail. Based on that, a control method to minimize the total flux in such integrated interphase inductor is proposed for a parallel converter system using interleaved DPWM. The method eliminates the circulating currents during the peak range of the converter output currents; hence the total flux is minimized and only determined by the system load requirements. This control method introduces very limited additional switching actions, which do not significantly affect the converter electrothermal design. Experimental results verify the analysis and the feasibility of the proposed control method. C1 [Zhang, Di] GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY USA. [Wang, Fei] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Wang, Fei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN USA. [Burgos, Rolando] ABB Corp Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. [Boroyevich, Dushan] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Power Elect Syst, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Zhang, D (reprint author), GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY USA. EM zhangd@ge.com; f.wang@ieee.org; rburgos@ieee.org; dushan@vt.edu FU GE FX Manuscript received December 30, 2010; revised March 16, 2011 and June 21, 2011; accepted September 6, 2011. Date of current version February 20, 2012. This paper was presented in part at the IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition held in San Jose, CA, in Sep. 2009. This work was supported by a GE fellowship. Recommended for publication by Associate Editor F. W. Fuchs. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8993 J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron. PD APR PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1679 EP 1688 DI 10.1109/TPEL.2011.2169281 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 896PM UT WOS:000300581500003 ER PT J AU Mehl, M Pitz, WJ Sarathy, SM Westbrook, CK AF Mehl, M. Pitz, W. J. Sarathy, S. M. Westbrook, C. K. TI Modeling the combustion of high molecular weight fuels by a functional group approach SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID IGNITION DELAY TIMES; N-DODECANE; SHOCK-TUBE; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; MIXTURES; OXIDATION; HEPTANE; DECOMPOSITION; PRESSURES; DECANE AB Modeling the combustion behavior of real fuels is a challenging task: Significant analytical efforts are required to characterize the fuel composition, and comprehensive kinetic models are necessary to reproduce the behavior of the different fuel components. Both these aspects become increasingly critical for fuels having a high molecular weight, wherein both the characterization of the single components and the kinetics involved in their oxidation become extremely complex. Indeed, kinetic models for large hydrocarbons can include thousands of species and tens of thousands of reactions. For these reasons, only a limited number of representative components are generally included in the simulations and these large kinetic mechanisms are reduced to simulate the behavior of real fuels in practical conditions. We propose a novel approach to the simulation of the combustion of high molecular weight fuels, wherein the fuel surrogate is defined in terms of pseudospecies including the functional groups contained in the actual fuel. These pseudocomponents, representing linear, branched, aromatic, saturated, and unsaturated structures, can undergo the typical reactions responsible for the low-temperature ignition of hydrocarbon as well as the interactions occurring in fuel blends. The basics of this concept will be presented, through application to linear and branched alkanes, and the potential of this approach is assessed by means of comparisons with experimental data and detailed kinetic simulations. The potential of this methodology for reducing computational expense in computational fluid dynamics simulations is also highlighted. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 257276, 2012 C1 [Mehl, M.; Pitz, W. J.; Sarathy, S. M.; Westbrook, C. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mehl, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mehl6@llnl.gov RI Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; Mehl, Marco/A-8506-2009 OI Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Mehl, Marco/0000-0002-2227-5035 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors acknowledge the contribution of Henry Curran and the Combustion Chemistry Center team at National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland, for their close collaboration and for providing the C1-C4 mechanism adopted in this work. The authors thank program managers Kevin Stork and Gurpreet Singh for their support. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD APR PY 2012 VL 44 IS 4 SI SI BP 257 EP 276 DI 10.1002/kin.20715 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 897VE UT WOS:000300686200003 ER PT J AU Law, DJ Breshears, DD Ebinger, MH Meyer, CW Allen, CD AF Law, Darin J. Breshears, David D. Ebinger, Michael H. Meyer, Clifton W. Allen, Craig D. TI Soil C and N patterns in a semiarid pinon-juniper woodland: Topography of slope and ephemeral channels add to canopy-intercanopy heterogeneity SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Biogeochemistry; Carbon management and sequestration; Ecohydrology; Pinyon; Pinon ID SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; ORGANIC-CARBON; INTERMITTENT-STREAM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPES; DYNAMICS; EROSION; RUNOFF; DROUGHT AB Carbon and nitrogen are crucial to semiarid woodlands, determining decomposition, production and redistribution of water and nutrients. Carbon and nitrogen are often greater beneath canopies than intercanopies. Upslope vs. downslope position and ephemeral channels might also cause variation in C and N. Yet, few studies have simultaneously evaluated spatial variation associated with canopy-intercanopy patches and topography. We estimated C and N upslope and downslope in an eroding pi lion juniper woodland for canopies beneath pinons (Pinus edulis) and junipers, (Juniperus monosperma), intercanopies, and ephemeral channels. Soil C and N in the surface and profile beneath canopies exceeded that of intercanopies and channels. Relative to intercanopies, channels had more profile C upslope but less downslope (profile N was not significant). Relative to upslope, profile C downslope for intercanopies was greater and for channels was less (profile N was not significant). Relative to profile, surface soil C and N exhibited less heterogeneity. Although some topographic heterogeneity was detected, results did not collectively support our redistribution hypotheses, and we are unable to distinguish if this heterogeneity is due to in situ or redistribution effects. Nonetheless, results highlight finer topographical spatial variation in addition to predominant canopy and intercanopy variation that is applicable for semiarid woodland management. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Law, Darin J.; Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ebinger, Michael H.; Meyer, Clifton W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Law, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 E 4th St,BSE Room 325, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM dlaw@email.arizona.edu FU DOE Office of Science OBER; NSF Critical Zone Observatories [NSF EAR-0724958]; Western Mountain Initiative; Arizona Agriculture Experiment Station FX This research was supported by DOE Office of Science OBER with subsequent support from NSF Critical Zone Observatories (NSF EAR-0724958), the U.S. Geological Survey Global Change Program (the Western Mountain Initiative), and Arizona Agriculture Experiment Station. We thank Marvin Gard, Kelly Goddard, Mel Garcia, and Allison Phillips for assistance. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 2012 VL 79 BP 20 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.11.029 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 895AZ UT WOS:000300469900004 ER PT J AU Shaltry, M Phongikaroon, S Simpson, MF AF Shaltry, Michael Phongikaroon, Supathorn Simpson, Michael F. TI Ion exchange kinetics of fission products between molten salt and zeolite-A SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Ion exchange; Kinetics; Fission products; Molten salt; Zeolite-A ID 2-SITE EQUILIBRIUM-MODEL; ICP-MS DETERMINATION; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; ULTRATRACE ELEMENTS; MULTIVALENT CATIONS; MICROWAVE-OVEN; 4A SYSTEM; DECOMPOSITION; QUANTITATION; CHLORIDES AB Experimentation, data analysis, and modeling of ion exchange kinetics between fission products (cesium and strontium) and zeolite-A beads in molten LiCl-KCl have been performed to support optimization of an electrochemical process to treat used nuclear fuel. Models based on pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order sorption as well as diffusion have been adapted and compared to experimental data to assess their validity in describing the system. Individual experiments were performed with different concentrations of CsCl or SrCl2 in the LiCl-KCl salt. Zeolite beads were removed from the molten salt at prescribed intervals of time and prepared for analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results indicate maximum cesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr) loading occurred at approximately 31 min and 104 min of contact, respectively. The rate of loading and maximum loading were found to increase with increasing initial concentration of Cs or Sr. Data analysis included determination of rate constants and diffusion coefficients of the proposed models for each experimental condition. Results reveal that the diffusion model provides the best fit to the experimental data with average diffusion coefficients of 2.0 x 10 m(2) s(-1) for Cs and 6.3 x 10(-11) m(2) s(-1) for Sr. This suggests that chemical diffusion is the dominant mechanism of mass transfer. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shaltry, Michael; Phongikaroon, Supathorn] Univ Idaho, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Shaltry, Michael; Phongikaroon, Supathorn] Univ Idaho, Nucl Engn Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Simpson, Michael F.] Idaho Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Shaltry, M (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, 995 Univ Blvd, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. EM shalmich@if.uidaho.edu RI Shaltry, Michael/B-5584-2017 OI Shaltry, Michael/0000-0003-3639-2651 FU Center for Advanced Energy Studies; University of Idaho; United States Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy; Pyroprocessing Technology Department at Idaho National Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Center for Advanced Energy Studies and the University of Idaho. Funding was provided by the United States Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program and through the Pyroprocessing Technology Department at Idaho National Laboratory. The author would like to give special thanks to Joanna Taylor with the University of Idaho for ICP-MS analyses and laboratory support. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 152 BP 185 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.11.035 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 892EH UT WOS:000300269000025 ER PT J AU Kennedy, TF Connery, J AF Kennedy, T. F. Connery, J. TI Control of barley yellow dwarf virus in minimum-till and conventional-till autumn-sown cereals by insecticide seed and foliar spray treatments SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; NORTHERN ENGLAND; SPRING BARLEY; GROWTH-STAGES; DECIMAL CODE; APHIDS; BYDV; HOMOPTERA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS AB The control of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and its aphid vectors in minimumtillage (MT) and conventionally tilled (CT) winter barley by insecticide seed and foliar spray treatments was investigated in 2001, 2002 and 2003. Similar investigations were undertaken on winter wheat in 2004, 2005 and 2006. Aphids numbers in autumn and BYDV in spring on barley and wheat were significantly lower on MT relative to CT crops, in two of the six seasons. An insecticide spray at Zadoks growth stage (GS) 25 significantly reduced aphids and virus in both MT and CT crops in three of the six seasons of the study. An additional spray at GS 22 provided no benefit. Aphids were significantly fewer in three of the six seasons on crops grown from insecticide treated seeds, relative to untreated seeds. Both MT and CT barley sprayed at GS 25 had significantly fewer aphids than the seed treatment in one of the three seasons. Seed-treated MT and CT barley had significantly less BYDV than controls but significantly more than crops sprayed at GS 25. CT wheat grown from insecticide-treated seed had significantly less BYDV than controls. Overall, CT barley grown from insecticide-treated seed had 6-fold more BYDV than the sprayed crop, while untreated barley had 22-fold more than the spray treatment. In MT barley, the comparable values were 3- and 10-fold respectively. BYDV was almost exclusively the MAV strain. The grain yield for insecticide-sprayed CT barley was significantly greater in two of three seasons than that for untreated plots. In general, MT and CT barley receiving an insecticide spray had greater grain yield than barley grown from insecticide-treated seed, with differences being significant in one of three seasons. It is concluded that BYDV in MT and CT cereals is better controlled by applying a pyrethroid insecticide spray between GS 23 and 25, in autumn, than by treating the seed with a nitroguanidine-type insecticide. In MT crops, a single spray between GS 23 and 25 will give effective control of MAV-type BYDV. C1 [Kennedy, T. F.; Connery, J.] TEAGASC, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. RP Kennedy, TF (reprint author), TEAGASC, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. EM tom.kennedy@teagasc.ic NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 31 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0021-8596 J9 J AGR SCI JI J. Agric. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 150 BP 249 EP 262 DI 10.1017/S0021859611000505 PN 2 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 889PK UT WOS:000300085500008 ER PT J AU Raeymaekers, B Pantea, C Sinha, DN AF Raeymaekers, Bart Pantea, Cristian Sinha, Dipen N. TI Creating a collimated ultrasound beam in highly attenuating fluids SO ULTRASONICS LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear ultrasound; Drilling fluid; Imaging ID NONLINEARITY PARAMETER B/A; ACOUSTIC ARRAY AB We have devised a method, based on a parametric array concept, to create a low-frequency (300-500 kHz) collimated ultrasound beam in fluids highly attenuating to sound. This collimated beam serves as the basis for designing an ultrasound visualization system that can be used in the oil exploration industry for down-hole imaging in drilling fluids. We present the results of two different approaches to generating a collimated beam in three types of highly attenuating drilling mud. In the first approach, the drilling mud itself was used as a nonlinear mixing medium to create a parametric array. However, the short absorption length in mud limits the mixing length and, consequently, the resulting beam is weak and broad. In the second improved approach, the beam generation process was confined to a separate "frequency mixing tube'' that contained an acoustically non-linear, low attenuation medium (e.g., water) that allowed establishing a usable parametric array in the mixing tube. A low-frequency collimated beam was thus created prior to its propagation into the drilling fluid. Using the latter technique, the penetration depth of the low frequency ultrasound beam in the drilling fluid was significantly extended. We also present measurements of acoustic nonlinearity in various types of drilling mud. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Raeymaekers, Bart] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Raeymaekers, Bart; Pantea, Cristian; Sinha, Dipen N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Raeymaekers, B (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, 50 S Cent Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM bart.raeymaekers@utah.edu RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009; OI Pantea, Cristian/0000-0002-0805-8923; Sinha, Dipen/0000-0002-3606-7907 FU Chevron Corporation FX This work was sponsored by Chevron Corporation. The authors wish to thank Paul Mombourquette for assistance in manufacturing the experimental apparatus, Candace Bazille and Stephanie Eveslage of Chevron Corporation for their support of this work. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0041-624X J9 ULTRASONICS JI Ultrasonics PD APR PY 2012 VL 52 IS 4 BP 564 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.ultras.2011.12.001 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 886YX UT WOS:000299892500015 PM 22204917 ER PT J AU Brandes, MC Kovarik, L Miller, MK Mills, MJ AF Brandes, M. C. Kovarik, L. Miller, M. K. Mills, M. J. TI Morphology, structure, and chemistry of nanoclusters in a mechanically alloyed nanostructured ferritic steel SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; OXIDE PARTICLES; ODS PARTICLES; YTTRIUM-OXIDE; MARTENSITIC STEELS; STABILITY; IRRADIATION; DISPERSION; NANOSCALE; SIZE AB Nanostructured ferritic steels have excellent elevated temperature strengths, creep resistances, and radiation tolerances due to the presence of a high density of Ti-Y-O-enriched nanoclusters. The compositions, morphologies, and structures of the smallest of these nanoclusters with maximum dimensions of similar to 2-4 nm were investigated in alloy 14YWT by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. Nanoclusters are found to be coherent with truncated rhombic dodecahedron morphologies defined by the {100} and {110} planes in the Fe matrix. Particles have compositions rich in Ti, O, Y, and Cr that are inconsistent with known oxide structures. The smallest nanoclusters appear to lack an identifiable crystal structure. Both nano-diffraction and focal series imaging through the sample thickness suggest that they are amorphous. C1 [Brandes, M. C.; Mills, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Miller, M. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Brandes, MC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM ms_brandes@matsceng.ohio-state.edu RI Mills, Michael/I-6413-2013; Kovarik, Libor/L-7139-2016 FU US Department of Energy, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX The authors thank Dr. D.T. Hoelzer for supplying the material used in this study, Dr. Joachim Schneibel for provision of deformed compression specimens, and Professor H. L. Fraser for access to the Fischione 1040 Nanomill (R). Additionally, the authors thank Mr. Mike Kuper for his efforts pertaining to data and image management. This research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SHaRE User Facility was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 64 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2012 VL 47 IS 8 BP 3913 EP 3923 DI 10.1007/s10853-012-6249-x PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 881XD UT WOS:000299524400050 ER PT J AU Lee, J Pan, R AF Lee, Jinsuk Pan, Rong TI A GLM approach to step-stress accelerated life testing with interval censoring SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE Accelerated life testing; Weibull distribution; Proportional hazard model; Generalized linear model; Bootstrap method ID BOOTSTRAP CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; GENERALIZED LINEAR-MODELS; FAILURE TIME DATA; RANDOM REMOVALS AB In this paper, we present a statistical inference procedure for the step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) model with Weibull failure time distribution and interval censoring via the formulation of generalized linear model (GLM). The likelihood function of an interval censored SSALT is in general too complicated to obtain analytical results. However, by transforming the failure time to an exponential distribution and using a binomial random variable for failure counts occurred in inspection intervals, a GLM formulation with a complementary log-log link function can be constructed. The estimations of the regression coefficients used for the Weibull scale parameter are obtained through the iterative weighted least square (IWLS) method, and the shape parameter is updated by a direct maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. The confidence intervals for these parameters are estimated through bootstrapping. The application of the proposed GLM approach is demonstrated by an industrial example. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Jinsuk] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Pan, Rong] Arizona State Univ, Sch Comp Informat & Decis Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jinsuk.lee@nrel.gov; rong.pan@asu.edu FU NSF [DMI-0654417] FX We sincerely thank the referees and associate editor, whose suggestions have significantly improved the content and preparation of this paper. The research is partially supported by the NSF Grant DMI-0654417. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD APR PY 2012 VL 142 IS 4 BP 810 EP 819 DI 10.1016/j.jspi.2011.09.015 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 886LS UT WOS:000299856500004 ER PT J AU Hoover, SW Youngquist, JT Angart, PA Withers, ST Lennen, RM Pfleger, BF AF Hoover, Spencer W. Youngquist, J. Tyler Angart, Phil A. Withers, Sydnor T. Lennen, Rebecca M. Pfleger, Brian F. TI Isolation of improved free fatty acid overproducing strains of Escherichia coli via nile red based high-throughput screening SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE biofuels; fatty acid; Escherichia coli; metabolic engineering; Nile red; high throughput screen ID ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN; BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; GENE; EXPRESSION; LIPIDS; MICROORGANISMS; CONVERSION; COMPETENCE; TRANSPORT AB Biological production of hydrocarbons is an attractive strategy to produce drop-in replacement transportation fuels. Several methods for converting microbially produced fatty acids into reduced compounds compatible with petrodiesel have been reported. For these processes to become economically viable, microorganisms must be engineered to approach the theoretical yield of fatty acid products from renewable feedstocks such as glucose. Strains with increased titers can be obtained through both rational and random approaches. While powerful, random approaches require a genetic selection or facile screen that is amenable to high throughput platforms. Here, we present the use of a high throughput screen for fatty acids based on the hydrophobic dye Nile red. The method was applied to screening a transposon library of a free fatty acid overproducing strain of Escherichia coli in search of high producing mutants. Ten gene targets were identified via primary and secondary screening. A strain comprising a clean knockout of one of the identified genes led to a 20% increase in titer over the baseline strain. A selection strategy that combines these findings and can act in an iterative fashion has been developed and can be used for future strain optimization in hydrocarbon producing strains. (C) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012 C1 [Hoover, Spencer W.; Youngquist, J. Tyler; Angart, Phil A.; Lennen, Rebecca M.; Pfleger, Brian F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hoover, Spencer W.; Youngquist, J. Tyler; Angart, Phil A.; Withers, Sydnor T.; Lennen, Rebecca M.; Pfleger, Brian F.] Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Pfleger, BF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 3629 Engn Hall,1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM pfleger@engr.wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Sciences) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; NIH; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Sciences DE-FC02-07ER64494). R.M.L. was supported as a trainee in the Chemistry-Biology Interface Training Program (NIH) and by the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Dahlke-Hougen Fellowship. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1002/ep.10599 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 875NG UT WOS:000299037100002 ER PT J AU Sangha, AK Petridis, L Smith, JC Ziebell, A Parks, JM AF Sangha, Amandeep K. Petridis, Loukas Smith, Jeremy C. Ziebell, Angela Parks, Jerry M. TI Molecular simulation as a tool for studying lignin SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; recalcitrance; quantum chemistry; molecular dynamics ID PHENETHYL PHENYL ETHERS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; DENSITY FUNCTIONALS; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY; ALPHA/BETA-SELECTIVITIES; COMPUTATIONAL PREDICTION; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; THERMOCHEMICAL KINETICS; DEHYDROGENATIVE POLYMER AB Lignocellulosic biomass provides a sustainable source of sugars for biofuel and biomaterial production. However, biomass resistance to degradation imposes difficulties for economical conversion of plant carbohydrates to fermentable sugars. One of the key contributors to recalcitrance is lignin. Understanding the properties of lignin macromolecules in the cell wall matrix is useful for manipulating biomass structure to generate more easily degradable biomass. Along with experimental techniques such as 2D-NMR and mass spectrometry, computational techniques can be useful for characterizing the structural and energetic properties of the biomass assembly and its individual constituents. Here, we provide a brief introduction to lignin, review some of the recent, relevant scientific literature, and give our perspectives on the role of molecular simulation in understanding lignin structure. (C) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012 C1 [Sangha, Amandeep K.; Petridis, Loukas; Smith, Jeremy C.; Parks, Jerry M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sangha, Amandeep K.; Petridis, Loukas; Smith, Jeremy C.; Parks, Jerry M.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Smith, Jeremy C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ziebell, Angela] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Ziebell, Angela] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Parks, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM angela.ziebell@nrel.gov; parksjm@ornl.gov RI Petridis, Loukas/B-3457-2009; smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012; Parks, Jerry/B-7488-2009; Sangha, Amandeep/M-1784-2013 OI Petridis, Loukas/0000-0001-8569-060X; smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227; Parks, Jerry/0000-0002-3103-9333; Sangha, Amandeep/0000-0002-1787-9379 FU Bioenergy Science Center, which is a United States Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Department of Energy Office of Science FX This work was supported by the Bioenergy Science Center, which is a United States Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Department of Energy Office of Science. NR 80 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1002/ep.10628 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 875NG UT WOS:000299037100006 ER PT J AU Sherman, SR Goodell, JJ Milliken, CE Morris, JA Gorensek, MB AF Sherman, Steven R. Goodell, John J. Milliken, Charles E. Morris, Jacob A. Gorensek, Maximilian B. TI A new process developed for separation of lignin from ammonium hydroxide pretreatment solutions SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; lignocellulosic; precipitation; switchgrass ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; CORN STOVER; FRACTIONATION; PYROLYSIS; SOAKING; WATER AB A method is described for separating lignin from liquid solutions resulting from the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials such as switchgrass with ammonium hydroxide. The method involves a sequence of steps including acidification, evaporation, and precipitation or centrifugation that are performed under defined conditions, and results in a relatively pure, solid lignin product. The method is tested on ammonium hydroxide solutions containing lignin extracted from switchgrass. Experimental results show that the method is capable of recovering between 6695% of dissolved lignin as a precipitated solid. Cost estimates of pilot-scale and industrial-scale expressions of the process indicate that breakeven lignin prices of $2.36/kg and $0.78/kg, respectively, may be obtainable with this recovery method. (C) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012 C1 [Sherman, Steven R.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Hydrogen & Alternat Energy Programs Dept, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Goodell, John J.] Adrian Coll, Dept Chem, Adrian, MI 49221 USA. [Milliken, Charles E.; Morris, Jacob A.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Biotechnol Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Gorensek, Maximilian B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Proc Modeling & Computat Chem Dept, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Sherman, SR (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Hydrogen & Alternat Energy Programs Dept, 773-42A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM steven.sherman@srnl.doe.gov RI Gorensek, Maximilian/B-5298-2012; OI Gorensek, Maximilian/0000-0002-4322-9062 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC09-08SR22470]; Savannah River National Laboratory FX The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting this article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This manuscript has been authored by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. DEAC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy, and was funded by a Savannah River National Laboratory internal Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) grant. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 130 EP 138 DI 10.1002/ep.10544 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 875NG UT WOS:000299037100016 ER PT J AU Khan, M Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK AF Khan, Mahmud Gschneidner, K. A., Jr. Pecharsky, V. K. TI The effect of Er doping on the spin reorientation transition in Ho1-xErxAl2 SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Lanthanide material; Magnetic anisotropy; Spin reorientation; C15 laves-phase compound ID MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; HOAL2; FIELD; HEAT; EXCHANGE; TBAL2 AB The magnetothermal properties of pseudo binary Ho1-xErxAl2 alloys have been investigated by heat capacity measurements. Two anomalies are observed in the heat capacity of HoAl2. A sharp peak at 20 K represents the first order spin reorientation transition, and a second order anomaly occurs in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic transition at 32 K. As Ho is partially replaced by Er in Ho1-xErxAl2 the sharpness of the first order heat capacity peak diminishes with increasing Er concentration, while the temperature of this transition remains practically unaffected. The second order ferromagnetic transition shifts to higher temperature region with increasing Er concentration. The observed behaviors are explained considering the geometry of 4f charge densities of Ho3+ and Er3+ and the easy magnetization directions of HoAl2 and ErAl2. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, Mahmud; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.; Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.; Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Khan, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mahmudk@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The research was performed at the Ames Laboratory. Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2012 VL 324 IS 7 BP 1381 EP 1384 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.11.045 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 875DH UT WOS:000299010100021 ER PT J AU Druckenbrod, DL Dale, VH AF Druckenbrod, Daniel L. Dale, Virginia H. TI Experimental response of understory plants to mechanized disturbance in an oak-pine forest SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Plant functional types; Raunkiaer life form; Pinus palustris; Tracked-vehicle disturbance ID LONG-TERM DISTURBANCE; MILITARY MANEUVERS; VEHICLE IMPACTS; NATURAL AREAS; VEGETATION; MANAGEMENT; SOIL; RESTORATION; INDICATORS; RECOVERY AB Resource managers at Fort Benning, Georgia, must maintain environmental conditions necessary for military training as well as promote longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) habitat. Understory vegetation controls the eventual species composition of these forests but is also sensitive to military activity. Past research from an observational study at this site suggests that impacts from military activity are best indicated by understory plant families and Raunkiaer life forms - specifically an increase in cryptophytes (plants with underground buds) and therophytes (annual plants). Our study tests that conclusion experimentally using a tracked vehicle to manipulate an oak-pine forest occurring on an upland-riparian gradient. In May 2003, a D7 bulldozer removed extant vegetation and surface soil organic matter along three treatment transects. Braun-Blanquet vegetation surveys were conducted within plots in mid and late summer during 2003 and 2004. The response of total understory cover, bare ground cover, litter cover, species richness, family richness, Fabaceae cover and life-form cover was analyzed using repeated measures analyses of variance. Total understory cover, bare ground cover, species richness, family richness and cryptophyte cover showed a significant treatment x time interaction reflecting the transient response of these metrics to this isolated disturbance as most metrics returned to control values within two growing seasons. Although therophyte cover did not display significant interactions in this experiment, the increase in cryptophyte cover supports the use of life forms as indicators of mechanized disturbance to understory structure. While further experimental testing is needed across ecosystems and training activities, Raunkiaer life forms show potential to serve as part of a suite of indicators of understory structure and diversity in forest environments subject to military training. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Druckenbrod, Daniel L.] Rider Univ, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Dale, Virginia H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Druckenbrod, DL (reprint author), Rider Univ, 2083 Lawrenceville Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. EM ddruckenbrod@rider.edu RI Druckenbrod, Daniel/L-4717-2013; OI Druckenbrod, Daniel/0000-0003-2998-0017 FU Department of Defense; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We thank Troy Key and Phil Bennet of the Land Management Branch, Fort Benning, for operating bulldozers for this experiment and Hugh Westbury, U.S. Army Environmental Research and Development Center Host Site Coordinator. We are grateful to Jennifer Ayers, James Cantu, Tom Govus, Sharon Hermann, and Keiran O'Hara for assistance with field surveys, Eugene Wofford at the University of Tennessee Herbarium for assistance with plant identification, and Jonathan Karp, Laura Hyatt, and Michael Carlin at Rider University for statistical assistance. This paper was reviewed by Hal Balbach, Barbara Jackson, and Mark Peterson. This research was supported by a contract from the Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under the SERDP Ecosystem Management Project to Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.; The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD APR PY 2012 VL 15 IS 1 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.09.029 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862YD UT WOS:000298129100022 ER PT J AU Elmer, W Chen, JS Puso, M Taciroglu, E AF Elmer, William Chen, J. S. Puso, Mike Taciroglu, Ertugrul TI A stable, meshfree, nodal integration method for nearly incompressible solids SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Pressure modes; Nodal integration; Incompressibility ID PARTICLE METHODS; FINITE-ELEMENT AB An improved nodal integration method for nearly incompressible materials is proposed. Although nodal integration methods can avoid displacement type locking with nearly incompressible material, they often encounter pressure oscillations. A mixed approach to nodal integration is exploited to avoid the oscillation. The method is applied to nodal integration using meshless shape functions and appears to work well in simple two dimensional benchmark tests. The method currently relies on a structured discretization but generalizations are proposed as the basis for future work. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Elmer, William] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Def Syst Anal Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, J. S.; Taciroglu, Ertugrul] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Puso, Mike] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Methods Dev Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Elmer, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Def Syst Anal Grp, 7000 E Ave,L-126, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM elmer2@llnl.gov FU National Science Foundation [CMS-0547670]; UCLA Academic Senate Council on Research FX The research reported here in was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMS-0547670, and in part, by funding from the Faculty Grants Program of UCLA Academic Senate Council on Research. This support is gratefully acknowledged. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsors. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD APR PY 2012 VL 51 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.finel.2011.11.001 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 875DT UT WOS:000299011300008 ER PT J AU Bessa, RJ Miranda, V Botterud, A Zhou, Z Wang, J AF Bessa, Ricardo J. Miranda, V. Botterud, A. Zhou, Z. Wang, J. TI Time-adaptive quantile-copula for wind power probabilistic forecasting SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Wind power; Forecasting; Probabilistic; Density estimation; Copula; Time-adaptive ID DENSITY-FUNCTION; REGRESSION; ESTIMATORS AB This paper presents a novel time-adaptive quantile-copula estimator for kernel density forecast and a discussion of how to select the adequate kernels for modeling the different variables of the problem. Results are presented for different case-studies and compared with splines quantile regression (QR). The datasets used are from NREL's Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study, and from a real wind farm located in the Midwest region of the United States. The new probabilistic prediction model is elegant and simple and yet displays advantages over the traditional QR approach. Especially notable is the quality of the results achieved with the time-adaptive version, namely when evaluated in terms of prediction calibration, which is a characteristic that is advantageous for both system operators and wind power producers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bessa, Ricardo J.; Miranda, V.] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Inst Engn Sistemas Comp Porto INESC Porto, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. [Zhou, Z.; Wang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bessa, RJ (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Inst Engn Sistemas Comp Porto INESC Porto, Campus FEUP,Rua Dr Roberto Fries 378, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. EM rbessa@inescporto.pt RI Zhou, Zhi/D-2168-2009; Miranda, Vladimiro/H-6245-2012; OI Bessa, Ricardo/0000-0002-3808-0427; Miranda, Vladimiro/0000-0002-5772-8452 FU Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE AC02-06CH11357]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BD/33738/2009] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ('Argonne'). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up non-exclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. The authors acknowledge Horizon Wind Energy for providing some of the wind farm data used in the analysis, and Emil Constantinescu at Argonne National Laboratory for providing the Numerical Weather Prediction data. The work of Ricardo J. Bessa was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Ph.D. Scholarship SFRH/BD/33738/2009. NR 38 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD APR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 1 BP 29 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2011.08.015 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 854WB UT WOS:000297524400004 ER PT J AU Nag, A Karpinets, TV Chang, CH Bar-Peled, M AF Nag, Ambarish Karpinets, Tatiana V. Chang, Christopher H. Bar-Peled, Maor TI Enhancing a Pathway-Genome Database (PGDB) to capture subcellular localization of metabolites and enzymes: the nucleotide-sugar biosynthetic pathways of Populus trichocarpa SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article ID UDP-XYLOSE; PREDICTION; KEGG; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEINS; TOOLS; ACID AB Understanding how cellular metabolism works and is regulated requires that the underlying biochemical pathways be adequately represented and integrated with large metabolomic data sets to establish a robust network model. Genetically engineering energy crops to be less recalcitrant to saccharification requires detailed knowledge of plant polysaccharide structures and a thorough understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in forming and regulating cell-wall synthesis. Nucleotide-sugars are building blocks for synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides. The biosynthesis of nucleotide-sugars is catalyzed by a multitude of enzymes that reside in different subcellular organelles, and precise representation of these pathways requires accurate capture of this biological compartmentalization. The lack of simple localization cues in genomic sequence data and annotations however leads to missing compartmentalization information for eukaryotes in automatically generated databases, such as the Pathway-Genome Databases (PGDBs) of the SRI Pathway Tools software that drives much biochemical knowledge representation on the internet. In this report, we provide an informal mechanism using the existing Pathway Tools framework to integrate protein and metabolite sub-cellular localization data with the existing representation of the nucleotide-sugar metabolic pathways in a prototype PGDB for Populus trichocarpa. The enhanced pathway representations have been successfully used to map SNP abundance data to individual nucleotide-sugar biosynthetic genes in the PGDB. The manually curated pathway representations are more conducive to the construction of a computational platform that will allow the simulation of natural and engineered nucleotide-sugar precursor fluxes into specific recalcitrant polysaccharide(s). C1 [Bar-Peled, Maor] Univ Georgia, CCRC, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bar-Peled, Maor] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Nag, Ambarish; Chang, Christopher H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Karpinets, Tatiana V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Karpinets, Tatiana V.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Bar-Peled, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, CCRC, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM peled@ccrc.uga.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOB-0453664]; BioEnergy Science Center [DE-PS02-06ER64304]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX National Science Foundation (Grant IOB-0453664) (M.B.-P.); BioEnergy Science Center (Grant DE-PS02-06ER64304); Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area (Grant DE-AC05-00OR22725) that are supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. Funding for open access charge: XXX. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PD MAR 31 PY 2012 AR bas013 DI 10.1093/database/bas013 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 954CZ UT WOS:000304925400001 ER PT J AU Oreopoulos, L Mlawer, E Delamere, J Shippert, T Cole, J Fomin, B Iacono, M Jin, ZH Li, JN Manners, J Raisanen, P Rose, F Zhang, YC Wilson, MJ Rossow, WB AF Oreopoulos, Lazaros Mlawer, Eli Delamere, Jennifer Shippert, Timothy Cole, Jason Fomin, Boris Iacono, Michael Jin, Zhonghai Li, Jiangnan Manners, James Raisanen, Petri Rose, Fred Zhang, Yuanchong Wilson, Michael J. Rossow, William B. TI The Continual Intercomparison of Radiation Codes: Results from Phase I SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED-K-DISTRIBUTION; TRANSFER MODEL; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; UNRESOLVED CLOUDS; CLIMATE MODELS; PART I; INHOMOGENEOUS ATMOSPHERE; TRANSFER SIMULATION; SOLAR-RADIATION AB We present results from Phase I of the Continual Intercomparison of Radiation Codes (CIRC), intended as an evolving and regularly updated reference source for evaluation of radiative transfer (RT) codes used in global climate models and other atmospheric applications. CIRC differs from previous intercomparisons in that it relies on an observationally validated catalog of cases. The seven CIRC Phase I baseline cases, five cloud free and two with overcast liquid clouds, are built around observations by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements program that satisfy the goals of Phase I, namely, to examine RT model performance in realistic, yet not overly complex, atmospheric conditions. Besides the seven baseline cases, additional idealized "subcases" are also employed to facilitate interpretation of model errors. In addition to quantifying individual model performance with respect to reference line-by-line calculations, we also highlight RT code behavior for conditions of doubled CO2, issues arising from spectral specification of surface albedo, and the impact of cloud scattering in the thermal infrared. Our analysis suggests that improvements in the calculation of diffuse shortwave flux, shortwave absorption, and shortwave CO2 forcing as well as in the treatment of spectral surface albedo should be considered for many RT codes. On the other hand, longwave calculations are generally in agreement with the reference results. By expanding the range of conditions under which participating codes are tested, future CIRC phases will hopefully allow even more rigorous examination of RT codes. C1 [Oreopoulos, Lazaros; Wilson, Michael J.] NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mlawer, Eli; Delamere, Jennifer; Iacono, Michael] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Shippert, Timothy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Cole, Jason; Li, Jiangnan] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Modeling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Fomin, Boris] Cent Aerol Observ, Dolgoprudnyi 141700, Russia. [Jin, Zhonghai; Rose, Fred] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Jin, Zhonghai; Rose, Fred] NASA, Sci Directorate, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. [Manners, James] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Raisanen, Petri] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Zhang, Yuanchong] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Wilson, Michael J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Rossow, William B.] CUNY City Coll, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Oreopoulos, L (reprint author), NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM lazaros.oreopoulos@nasa.gov RI Oreopoulos, Lazaros/E-5868-2012; Raisanen, Petri/I-1954-2012; Wilson, Michael/G-9611-2013; Rossow, William/F-3138-2015; Li, Jiangnan/J-6262-2016; OI Oreopoulos, Lazaros/0000-0001-6061-6905; Raisanen, Petri/0000-0003-4466-213X; Cole, Jason/0000-0003-0450-2748; Rose, Fred G/0000-0003-0769-0772 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-FG02-07ER64354, DE-FG02-90ER610]; Academy of Finland [127210] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division as part of the ARM program under grants DE-FG02-07ER64354 (L. Oreopoulos) and DE-FG02-90ER610 (E. Mlawer). P. R is nen acknowledges funding by the Academy of Finland (project 127210). The endorsement of the GEWEX Radiation Panel and the International Radiation Commission is critical for the success of CIRC, and we extend our thanks to their respective leaders, C. Kummerow (GRP) and R. Cahalan (IRC), for their guidance. We would like to acknowledge the large number of people involved in CIRC indirectly by developing the ARM data products used and, specifically, M. Miller for leading the cloud retrieval effort used in BBHRP, D. Turner and C. Chiu for CIRC Case 7 cloud and surface input, B. Zak for providing satellite images relevant to CIRC Cases 4 and 5, and M. Khaiyer and P. Minnis for the GOES and CERES satellite-based radiative fluxes. NR 55 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 31 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D06118 DI 10.1029/2011JD016821 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918GL UT WOS:000302237200004 ER PT J AU Eppinger, M Radnedge, L Andersen, G Vietri, N Severson, G Mou, S Ravel, J Worsham, PL AF Eppinger, Mark Radnedge, Lyndsay Andersen, Gary Vietri, Nicholas Severson, Grant Mou, Sherry Ravel, Jacques Worsham, Patricia L. TI Novel Plasmids and Resistance Phenotypes in Yersinia pestis: Unique Plasmid Inventory of Strain Java 9 Mediates High Levels of Arsenic Resistance SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; LACTOSE TRANSPOSON TN951; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ARS OPERON; SMALL MAMMALS; DNA-SEQUENCE; WEST JAVA; PLAGUE; VIRULENCE; EVOLUTION AB Growing evidence suggests that the plasmid repertoire of Yersinia pestis is not restricted to the three classical virulence plasmids. The Java 9 strain of Y. pestis is a biovar Orientalis isolate obtained from a rat in Indonesia. Although it lacks the Y. pestis-specific plasmid pMT, which encodes the F1 capsule, it retains virulence in mouse and non-human primate animal models. While comparing diverse Y. pestis strains using subtractive hybridization, we identified sequences in Java 9 that were homologous to a Y. enterocolitica strain carrying the transposon Tn2502, which is known to encode arsenic resistance. Here we demonstrate that Java 9 exhibits high levels of arsenic and arsenite resistance mediated by a novel promiscuous class II transposon, named Tn2503. Arsenic resistance was self-transmissible from Java 9 to other Y. pestis strains via conjugation. Genomic analysis of the atypical plasmid inventory of Java 9 identified pCD and pPCP plasmids of atypical size and two previously uncharacterized cryptic plasmids. Unlike the Tn2502-mediated arsenic resistance encoded on the Y. enterocolitica virulence plasmid; the resistance loci in Java 9 are found on all four indigenous plasmids, including the two novel cryptic plasmids. This unique mobilome introduces more than 105 genes into the species gene pool. The majority of these are encoded by the two entirely novel self-transmissible plasmids, which show partial homology and synteny to other enterics. In contrast to the reductive evolution in Y. pestis, this study underlines the major impact of a dynamic mobilome and lateral acquisition in the genome evolution of the plague bacterium. C1 [Eppinger, Mark; Ravel, Jacques] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Eppinger, Mark; Ravel, Jacques] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Radnedge, Lyndsay; Andersen, Gary] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Vietri, Nicholas; Severson, Grant; Mou, Sherry; Worsham, Patricia L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Eppinger, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM jravel@som.umaryland.edu; patricia.worsham@us.army.mil OI Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [05-4-5A-0AC]; Department of the Army [TB1-5A]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900007C] FX This work was supported in part with federal funds from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (Project 05-4-5A-0AC), the Department of the Army (Project number TB1-5A) and from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900007C. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32911 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032911 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959UC UT WOS:000305339100023 PM 22479347 ER PT J AU Houppert, AS Kwiatkowski, E Glass, EM DeBord, KL Merritt, PM Schneewind, O Marketon, MM AF Houppert, Andrew S. Kwiatkowski, Elizabeth Glass, Elizabeth M. DeBord, Kristin L. Merritt, Peter M. Schneewind, Olaf Marketon, Melanie M. TI Identification of Chromosomal Genes in Yersinia pestis that Influence Type III Secretion and Delivery of Yops into Target Cells SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LOW-CALCIUM RESPONSE; SIGNATURE-TAGGED MUTAGENESIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; VIRULENCE PLASMID; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; ENTEROCOLITICA PATHOGENESIS; LOW-CA2+ RESPONSE; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS AB Pathogenic Yersinia species possess a type III secretion system, which is required for the delivery of effector Yop proteins into target cells during infection. Genes encoding the type III secretion machinery, its substrates, and several regulatory proteins all reside on a 70-Kb virulence plasmid. Genes encoded in the chromosome of yersiniae are thought to play important roles in bacterial perception of host environments and in the coordinated activation of the type III secretion pathway. Here, we investigate the contribution of chromosomal genes to the complex regulatory process controlling type III secretion in Yersinia pestis. Using transposon mutagenesis, we identified five chromosomal genes required for expression or secretion of Yops in laboratory media. Four out of the five chromosomal mutants were defective to various extents at injecting Yops into tissue culture cells. Interestingly, we found one mutant that was not able to secrete in vitro but was fully competent for injecting Yops into host cells, suggesting independent mechanisms for activation of the secretion apparatus. When tested in a mouse model of plague disease, three mutants were avirulent, whereas two strains were severely attenuated. Together these results demonstrate the importance of Y. pestis chromosomal genes in the proper function of type III secretion and in the pathogenesis of plague. C1 [Houppert, Andrew S.; Merritt, Peter M.; Marketon, Melanie M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Kwiatkowski, Elizabeth; DeBord, Kristin L.; Schneewind, Olaf; Marketon, Melanie M.] Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Glass, Elizabeth M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Houppert, AS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM mmarketo@indiana.edu FU Region V "Great Lakes'' Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (GLRCE, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Award) [1-U54-AI-057153]; Career Development Program at the Great Lakes RCE [CDP6]; Office of the Vide Provost of Research at Indiana University-Bloomington through the Faculty Research Support Program; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Branch [AI055545, AI42797] FX The authors acknowledge membership within and support from the Region V "Great Lakes'' Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (GLRCE, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Award 1-U54-AI-057153). MM acknowledges funding for this work through the Career Development Program at the Great Lakes RCE (CDP6). In addition, this work was partially funded by the Office of the Vide Provost of Research at Indiana University-Bloomington through the Faculty Research Support Program (MM). This work was also partially funded by grant awards to OS, AI055545 and AI42797, from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Branch. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e34039 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0034039 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959UC UT WOS:000305339100103 PM 22479512 ER PT J AU Amrich, CG Davis, CP Rogal, WP Shirra, MK Heroux, A Gardner, RG Arndt, KM VanDemark, AP AF Amrich, Christopher G. Davis, Christopher P. Rogal, Walter P. Shirra, Margaret K. Heroux, Annie Gardner, Richard G. Arndt, Karen M. VanDemark, Andrew P. TI Cdc73 Subunit of Paf1 Complex Contains C-terminal Ras-like Domain That Promotes Association of Paf1 Complex with Chromatin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE-II; TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION-FACTORS; COTRANSCRIPTIONAL HISTONE MODIFICATION; JAW TUMOR SYNDROME; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE-EXPRESSION; H2B UBIQUITYLATION; PROCESSING FACTORS; 3'-END FORMATION; BINDING PROTEIN AB The conserved Paf1 complex localizes to the coding regions of genes and facilitates multiple processes during transcription elongation, including the regulation of histone modifications. However, the mechanisms that govern Paf1 complex recruitment to active genes are undefined. Here we describe a previously unrecognized domain within the Cdc73 subunit of the Paf1 complex, the Cdc73 C-domain, and demonstrate its importance for Paf1 complex occupancy on transcribed chromatin. Deletion of the C-domain causes phenotypes associated with elongation defects without an apparent loss of complex integrity. Simultaneous mutation of the C-domain and another subunit of the Paf1 complex, Rtf1, causes enhanced mutant phenotypes and loss of histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation. The crystal structure of the C-domain reveals unexpected similarity to the Ras family of small GTPases. Instead of a deep nucleotide-binding pocket, the C-domain contains a large but comparatively flat surface of highly conserved residues, devoid of ligand. Deletion of the C-domain results in reduced chromatin association for multiple Paf1 complex subunits. We conclude that the Cdc73 C-domain probably constitutes a protein interaction surface that functions with Rtf1 in coupling the Paf1 complex to the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery. C1 [Amrich, Christopher G.; Davis, Christopher P.; Rogal, Walter P.; Shirra, Margaret K.; Arndt, Karen M.; VanDemark, Andrew P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gardner, Richard G.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Arndt, KM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, 4249 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM arndt@pitt.edu; andyv@pitt.edu OI Gardner, Richard/0000-0003-2162-6275 FU National Institutes of Health [R01GM52593, R21RR025787]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Beckman Scholars Award; National Center for Research Resources FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants R01GM52593 (to K. M. A.) and R21RR025787 (to R. G. G.). This work was also supported by fellowships from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (to C. P. D. and W. P. R.) and a Beckman Scholars Award (to C. P. D.).; We are grateful to Erica McGreevy, Kristianna Ricchio, and John Hempel for technical support. We thank Brett Tomson and Alan Hinnebusch for critical reading of the manuscript and Alan Hinnebusch for communication of unpublished results. Operations at the National Synchrotron Light Source are supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the National Institutes of Health. Data collection at the National Synchrotron Light Source was funded by the National Center for Research Resources. NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 287 IS 14 BP 10863 EP 10875 DI 10.1074/jbc.M111.325647 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 925RY UT WOS:000302780100015 PM 22318720 ER PT J AU Correa-Metrio, A Bush, MB Cabrera, KR Sully, S Brenner, M Hodell, DA Escobar, J Guilderson, T AF Correa-Metrio, Alexander Bush, Mark B. Cabrera, Kenneth R. Sully, Shannon Brenner, Mark Hodell, David A. Escobar, Jaime Guilderson, Tom TI Rapid climate change and no-analog vegetation in lowland Central America during the last 86,000 years SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Paleoclimatology; Climate change; Paleoecology; Ecological change; Central America; Last Glacial Maximum; Heinrich stadials ID ATLANTIC WARM POOL; POLLEN RECORD; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; YUCATAN PENINSULA; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; GLACIAL MAXIMUM; YOUNGER-DRYAS; NORTH-AMERICA; COSTA-RICA; ICE-AGE AB Glacial-interglacial climate cycles are known to have triggered migrations and reassortments of tropical biota. Although long-term precessionally-driven changes in temperature and precipitation have been demonstrated using tropical sediment records, responses to abrupt climate changes, e.g. the cooling of Heinrich stadials or warmings of the deglaciation, are poorly documented. The best predictions of future forest responses to ongoing warming will rely on evaluating the influences of both abrupt and long-term climate changes on past ecosystems. A sedimentary sequence recovered from Lake Peten-Itza, Guatemalan lowlands, provided a natural archive of environmental history. Pollen and charcoal analyses were used to reconstruct the vegetation and climate history of the area during the last 86,000 years. We found that vegetation composition and air temperature were strongly influenced by millennial-scale changes in the North Atlantic Ocean. Whereas Greenland warm interstadials were associated with warm and relatively wet conditions in the Central American lowlands, cold Greenland stadials, especially those associated with Heinrich events, caused extremely dry and cold conditions. Even though the vegetation seemed to have been highly resilient, plant associations without modern analogs emerged mostly following sharp climate pulses of either warmth or cold, and were paralleled by exceptionally high rates of ecological change. Although pulses of temperature change are evident in this 86,000-year record none matched the rates projected for the 21st Century. According to our findings, the ongoing rapid warming will cause no-modern-analog communities, which given the improbability of returning to lower-than-modern CO2 levels, anthropogenic barriers to migration, and increased anthropogenic fires, will pose immense threats to the biodiversity of the region. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Correa-Metrio, Alexander] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Mexico City 04520, DF, Mexico. [Correa-Metrio, Alexander; Bush, Mark B.; Sully, Shannon] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Cabrera, Kenneth R.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Escuela Geociencias, Sede Medellin, Colombia. [Brenner, Mark] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Brenner, Mark] Univ Florida, Land Use & Environm Change Inst LUECI, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hodell, David A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Godwin Lab Palaeoclimate Res, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. [Escobar, Jaime] Univ Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Dept Ciencias Biol & Ambientales, Bogota, DC, Colombia. [Escobar, Jaime] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archaeol, Panama City, Panama. [Guilderson, Tom] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Correa-Metrio, A (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04520, DF, Mexico. EM acorrea@geologia.unam.mx OI Bush, Mark/0000-0001-6894-8613 FU US National Science Foundation [ATM-0502030]; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; Swiss National Science Foundation FX We are grateful to H. Hooghiemstra, an anonymous reviewer, and J.S. Carrion, handling editor, whose comments strengthened the manuscript. We thank all individuals who participated in the field and laboratory work during the Lake Peten-Itza Scientific Drilling Project. We are also grateful to the numerous agencies and individuals in Guatemala who provided assistance to the project. We also thank our many collaborators from University of Florida, University of Minnesota (Minneapolis/Duluth), Geo-forschungszentrum (Potsdam), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Zurich), Universite de Geneve, as well as the personnel of DOSECC. The cores are archived at LacCore (National Lacustrine Core Repository), Department of Geology and Geophysics. University of Minnesota-Twin Cities and we thank Kristina Brady, Amy Myrbo and Anders Noren for their assistance in core description and curation. Anders Noren kindly sampled the cores for this study. This project was funded by grants from the US National Science Foundation (ATM-0502030), the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, and the Swiss National Science Foundation. This is publication 66 of the Florida Institute of Technology Institute for Research on Global Climate Change. NR 89 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 38 BP 63 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.01.025 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 927DH UT WOS:000302886700005 ER PT J AU Balasubramaniam, KR Kao, VM Ravichandran, J Rossen, PB Siemons, W Ager, JW AF Balasubramaniam, K. R. Kao, V. M. Ravichandran, J. Rossen, P. B. Siemons, W. Ager, J. W., III TI Semiconductor thin films directly from minerals study of structural, optical, and transport characteristics of Cu2O thin films from malachite mineral and synthetic CuO SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaics; Copper oxide; Minerals; X-ray diffraction; Optical properties; Transport characteristics; Mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; HALL-MOBILITY; CUPROUS-OXIDE; SOLUBILITY; CRYSTALS AB We demonstrate the proof-of-concept of using an abundantly occurring natural ore. malachite (Cu2CO3 (OH)(2)) to directly yield the semiconductor Cu2O to be used as an active component of a functional thin film based device. Cu2O is an archetype hole-conducting semiconductor that possesses several interesting characteristics particularly useful for solar cell applications, including low cost, non-toxicity, good hole mobility, large minority carrier diffusion length, and a direct energy gap ideal for efficient absorption. In this article, we compare the structural, optical, and electrical transport characteristics of Cu2O thin films grown from the natural mineral malachite and synthetic CuO targets. Growth from either source material results in single-phase, fully epitaxial cuprous oxide thin films as determined by x-ray diffraction. The films grown from malachite have strong absorption coefficients ( 10(4) cm(-1)), a direct allowed optical bandgap ( 2.4 eV), and majority carrier hole mobilities ( 35 cm(2)V(-1) s(-1) at room temperature) that compare well with films grown from the synthetic target as well as with previously reported values. Our work demonstrates that minerals could be useful to directly yield the active components in functional devices and suggests a route for the exploration of low cost energy conversion and storage technologies. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Balasubramaniam, K. R.; Kao, V. M.; Ager, J. W., III] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rossen, P. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Siemons, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramaniam, KR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bala.kavaipatti@gmail.com RI Ravichandran, Jayakanth/H-6329-2011; OI Ravichandran, Jayakanth/0000-0001-5030-9143; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; UC Berkeley FX The work at Berkeley was performed within the Helios Solar Energy Research Center, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors wish to acknowledge the help and support provided by Prof. R. Ramesh at UC Berkeley. The authors also thank Prof. Lane W Martin (currently at UIUC) for useful discussions. J.R. would like to thank the Link energy fellowship. W.S. thanks the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 520 IS 11 BP 3914 EP 3917 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.01.041 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 926NT UT WOS:000302838800009 ER PT J AU Baustian, KJ Cziczo, DJ Wise, ME Pratt, KA Kulkarni, G Hallar, AG Tolbert, MA AF Baustian, Kelly J. Cziczo, Daniel J. Wise, Matthew E. Pratt, Kerri A. Kulkarni, Gourihar Hallar, A. Gannet Tolbert, Margaret A. TI Importance of aerosol composition, mixing state, and morphology for heterogeneous ice nucleation: A combined field and laboratory approach SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CIRRUS CLOUDS; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERIC CLOUDS; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB In this study chemical compositions of background aerosol and ice nuclei were examined through laboratory investigations using Raman spectroscopy and field measurements by single-particle mass spectrometry. Aerosol sampling took place at Storm Peak Laboratory in Steamboat Springs, Colorado (elevation of 3210 m). A cascade impactor was used to collect coarse-mode aerosol particles for laboratory analysis by Raman spectroscopy; the composition, mixing state, and heterogeneous ice nucleation activity of individual particles were examined. For in situ analysis of fine-mode aerosol, ice nucleation on ambient particles was observed using a compact ice nucleation chamber. Ice crystals were separated from unactivated aerosol using a pumped counterflow virtual impactor, and ice nuclei were analyzed using particle analysis by laser mass spectrometry. For both fine and coarse modes, the ice nucleating particle fractions were enriched in minerals and depleted in sulfates and nitrates, compared to the background aerosol sampled. The vast majority of particles in both the ambient and ice active aerosol fractions contained a detectable amount of organic material. Raman spectroscopy showed that organic material is sometimes present in the form of a coating on the surface of inorganic particles. We find that some organic-containing particles serve as efficient ice nuclei while others do not. For coarse-mode aerosol, organic particles were only observed to initiate ice formation when oxygen signatures were also present in their spectra. C1 [Baustian, Kelly J.; Wise, Matthew E.; Tolbert, Margaret A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hallar, A. Gannet] Desert Res Inst, Storm Peak Lab, Steamboat Springs, CO 80488 USA. [Cziczo, Daniel J.; Pratt, Kerri A.; Kulkarni, Gourihar] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tolbert, Margaret A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Baustian, Kelly J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Baustian, KJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM baustian@colorado.edu RI Pratt, Kerri/F-8025-2010; Hallar, Anna Gannet/I-9104-2012 OI Pratt, Kerri/0000-0003-4707-2290; Hallar, Anna Gannet/0000-0001-9972-0056 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-ATM0650023, NSF-AGS1048536]; NASA [NNX07ARBG]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); NASA (NESSF) [NNX08AU77H]; NOAA FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation (NSF-ATM0650023 and NSF-AGS1048536), NASA (NNX07ARBG), and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program for supporting this work. K. Baustian received additional support from NASA (NESSF Fellowship NNX08AU77H). K. A. Pratt is grateful for support from a NOAA Climate and Global Change postdoctoral fellowship, administered by UCAR. The authors additionally recognize the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for providing the HYSPLIT transport model and READY Web site (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this paper. The authors also recognize Steamboat Ski and Resort Corporation for providing logistical support and in-kind donations for this field campaign. DRI's Storm Peak Laboratory is an equal opportunity service provider and employer and is a permitee of the Medicine-Bow Routt National Forests. The authors also extend special thanks to Mikhail Pekour and Ian McCubbin for logistical support during field operations. NR 80 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 9 U2 81 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D06217 DI 10.1029/2011JD016784 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918GK UT WOS:000302237100003 ER PT J AU Miller, SM Kort, EA Hirsch, AI Dlugokencky, EJ Andrews, AE Xu, X Tian, H Nehrkorn, T Eluszkiewicz, J Michalak, AM Wofsy, SC AF Miller, S. M. Kort, E. A. Hirsch, A. I. Dlugokencky, E. J. Andrews, A. E. Xu, X. Tian, H. Nehrkorn, T. Eluszkiewicz, J. Michalak, A. M. Wofsy, S. C. TI Regional sources of nitrous oxide over the United States: Seasonal variation and spatial distribution SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MODELING SYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC OBSERVATIONS; GEOSTATISTICAL APPROACH; NORTH-AMERICA; N2O EMISSIONS; STILT MODEL; TRACE GASES; ART.; TRANSPORT; EXCHANGE AB This paper presents top-down constraints on the magnitude, spatial distribution, and seasonality of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions over the central United States. We analyze data from tall towers in 2004 and 2008 using a high resolution Lagrangian particle dispersion model paired with both geostatistical and Bayesian inversions. Our results indicate peak N2O emissions in June with a strong seasonal cycle. The spatial distribution of sources closely mirrors data on fertilizer application with particularly large N2O sources over the US Cornbelt. Existing inventories for N2O predict emissions that differ substantially from the inverse model results in both seasonal cycle and magnitude. We estimate a total annual N2O budget over the central US of 0.9-1.2 TgN/yr and an extrapolated budget for the entire US and Canada of 2.1-2.6 TgN/yr. By this estimate, the US and Canada account for 12-15% of the total global N2O source or 32-39% of the global anthropogenic source as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2007. C1 [Miller, S. M.; Wofsy, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dlugokencky, E. J.; Andrews, A. E.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Nehrkorn, T.; Eluszkiewicz, J.] Atmospher & Environm Res, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Hirsch, A. I.] DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kort, E. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Michalak, A. M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Xu, X.; Tian, H.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Miller, SM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM smiller@fas.harvard.edu; kort47@gmail.com; adam.hirsch@nrel.gov; ed.dlugokencky@noaa.gov; arlyn.andrews@noaa.gov; xuxiaof@tigermail.auburn.edu; tianhan@auburn.edu; tnehrkor@aer.com; jeluszki@aer.com; michalak@stanford.edu; swofsy@seas.harvard.edu RI Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012; Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012; Xu, Xiaofeng/B-2391-2008; OI Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541; Tian, Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Xu, Xiaofeng/0000-0002-6553-6514; Nehrkorn, Thomas/0000-0003-0637-3468 FU American Meteorological Society/DOE; DOE; National Science Foundation [ATM-0836153]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX06AE84G, NNH05CC42C, NNX08AR47G]; NOAA/ESRL [RA133R-08-SE-2359, NRMJ1000-15617DT] FX This work was supported by the American Meteorological Society Graduate Student Fellowship/DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, the DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program. We thank Marcos Longo and Elaine Gottlieb (Harvard) for their help with model meteorology. The generation of the WRF meteorological fields was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grants NNX06AE84G, NNH05CC42C, and NNX08AR47G; National Science Foundation grant ATM-0836153; and NOAA/ESRL contracts RA133R-08-SE-2359 and NRMJ1000-15617DT. The WRF and STILT runs described in this paper have been made possible by access to NASA's high-end computing resources and we thank the personnel at the NASA Ames supercomputing facility for technical assistance. Additionally, we thank Kimberly Mueller and Sharon Gourdji (Carnegie Institution for Science) for input on the Restricted Maximum Likelihood implementation, and we thank Navin Ramankutty and Philip Potter (McGill University) for their fertilizer use data sets. NR 59 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D06310 DI 10.1029/2011JD016951 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918GK UT WOS:000302237100011 ER PT J AU Riihimaki, LD McFarlane, SA Liang, C Massie, ST Beagley, N Toth, TD AF Riihimaki, Laura D. McFarlane, Sally A. Liang, Calvin Massie, Steven T. Beagley, Nathaniel Toth, Travis D. TI Comparison of methods to determine Tropical Tropopause Layer cirrus formation mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID DATA PRODUCTS; WATER-VAPOR; CLOUDS; SYSTEM; CYCLE; CERES AB A new method of estimating Tropical Tropopause Layer Cirrus (TTLC) formation mechanism (object method) is compared to interpretations of formation from previous studies using back trajectory calculations matched to convection identified from satellites and statistical relationships of TTLC with temperature and water vapor. The object method groups neighboring Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) TTLC cloud profiles into cloud objects and classifies them as convective (35% of TTLC) if they are directly attached to a convective cloud along the CALIPSO track. The percentage of back trajectory calculations that intersect convection (39-95% of TTLC within 5 days) depends strongly on the spatial and temporal resolution of the convection data set, and the manner in which deep convection is identified. Using minimum brightness temperature in 3 hourly, 1 degrees resolution grid boxes to define convection, 46% of non-convective TTLC (37% of all TTLC) did not trace back to convection within 24 h. Back trajectory calculations of thin cirrus identified by the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) gave similar results. Temperature is not a good proxy for formation mechanism as convective and non-convective TTLC frequencies both increase monotonically with decreasing temperature at approximately the same rate. Non-convective TTLC frequencies have a stronger relationship with relative humidity than convective TTLC frequencies, though are not sufficiently different to distinguish object method categories. A decrease in TTL cirrus frequency found at low temperatures in previous studies is caused by insufficient variability in reanalysis temperature data and is not indicative of TTLC formation mechanism. C1 [Riihimaki, Laura D.; McFarlane, Sally A.; Beagley, Nathaniel] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Liang, Calvin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Massie, Steven T.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Toth, Travis D.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Riihimaki, LD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM laura.riihimaki@pnnl.gov FU NASA; National Science Foundation FX CERES SSF and CALIPSO data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. Interpolated OLR data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. ISCCP DX data obtained via the NOAA NCDC ftp site. ECMWF-AUX data obtained from the CloudSat Data Processing Center. L. Riihimaki, S. McFarlane, and T. Toth were funded by a NASA New Investigator Program award. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy. NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D06218 DI 10.1029/2011JD016832 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918GK UT WOS:000302237100006 ER PT J AU Parker, D Singh, DJ AF Parker, David Singh, David J. TI Very heavily electron-doped CrSi2 as a high-performance high-temperature thermoelectric material SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CR ION-IMPLANTATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRANSPORT PERFORMANCES; DISILICIDES; SI AB We analyze the thermoelectric behavior, using first principles and Boltzmann transport calculations, of very heavily electron-doped CrSi2 and find that at temperatures of 900-1250K and electron dopings of 1-4x10(21) cm(-3), thermopowers as large in magnitude as 200 mu VK-1 may be found. Such high thermopowers at such high carrier concentrations are extremely rare, and suggest that excellent thermoelectric performance may be found in these ranges of temperature and doping. C1 [Parker, David; Singh, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Parker, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM parkerds@ornl.gov RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 FU US Department of Energy; EERE; Vehicle Technologies; Propulsion Materials Program; Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, EERE, Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion Materials Program (DP) and the Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577 (DJS). NR 37 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 29 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 14 AR 033045 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/14/3/033045 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 919JV UT WOS:000302322000004 ER PT J AU Bradley, JA Moore, KT Lipp, MJ Mattern, BA Pacold, JI Seidler, GT Chow, P Rod, E Xiao, YM Evans, WJ AF Bradley, Joseph A. Moore, Kevin T. Lipp, Magnus J. Mattern, Brian A. Pacold, Joseph I. Seidler, Gerald T. Chow, Paul Rod, Eric Xiao, Yuming Evans, William J. TI 4f electron delocalization and volume collapse in praseodymium metal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; DIAMOND-ANVIL; GPA AB We study the pressure evolution of the 4f electrons in elemental praseodymium metal compressed through several crystallographic phases, including the large volume-collapse transition at 20 GPa. Using resonant x-ray emission, we directly and quantitatively measure the development of multiple electronic configurations with differing 4f occupation numbers, the key quantum observable related to the delocalization of the strongly correlated 4f electrons. These results provide a high-fidelity test of prior predictions by dynamical mean-field theory, and support the hypothesis of a strong connection between electronic and structural degrees of freedom at the volume-collapse transition. C1 [Bradley, Joseph A.; Moore, Kevin T.; Lipp, Magnus J.; Evans, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mattern, Brian A.; Pacold, Joseph I.; Seidler, Gerald T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chow, Paul; Rod, Eric; Xiao, Yuming] Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, HP CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bradley, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bradley41@llnl.gov RI Seidler, Gerald/I-6974-2012; OI Pacold, Joseph/0000-0002-4697-5896 FU U.S.Department of Energy [DE-SC0002194]; CIW; CDAC; UNLV; LLNL; DOE-NNSA; NSF; NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC5207NA27344]; Advanced Phoon Source FX The authors thank Andy McMahan and Corwin Booth for helpful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC5207NA27344. G.T.S. acknowledges support from the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-SC0002194. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16) and PNC/XSD, Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV, and LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOEBES, and NSF.t PNC/XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the DOE BES, NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, and the Advanced Phoon Source. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 10 AR 100102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.100102 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 917JJ UT WOS:000302170200001 ER PT J AU Hansmann, P Haverkort, MW Toschi, A Sangiovanni, G Rodolakis, F Rueff, JP Marsi, M Held, K AF Hansmann, P. Haverkort, M. W. Toschi, A. Sangiovanni, G. Rodolakis, F. Rueff, J. P. Marsi, M. Held, K. TI Atomic and itinerant effects at the transition-metal x-ray absorption K pre-edge exemplified in the case of V2O3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHROMIUM-DOPED V2O3; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; INSULATING PHASE; MOTT TRANSITION; ELEMENTS; SPECTRA; OXIDES; 3D AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a well-established tool for obtaining information about orbital and spin degrees of freedom in transition-metal and rare-earth compounds. For this purpose usually the dipole transitions of the L (2p to 3d) and M (3d to 4f) edges are employed, whereas higher order transitions such as quadrupolar 1s to 3d in the K edge are rarely studied in that respect. This is due to the fact that usually such quadrupolar transitions are overshadowed by dipole-allowed 1s to 4p transitions and, hence, are visible only as minor features in the pre-edge region. Nonetheless, these features carry a lot of valuable information, similar to the dipole L-edge transition, which is not accessible in experiments under pressure due to the absorption of the diamond anvil pressure cell. We recently performed a theoretical and experimental analysis of such a situation for the metal-insulator transition of (V(1-x)Crx)(2)O-3. Since the importance of the orbital degrees of freedom in this transition is widely accepted, a thorough understanding of quadrupole transitions of the vanadium K pre-edge provides crucial information about the underlying physics. Moreover, the lack of inversion symmetry at the vanadium site leads to on-site mixing of vanadium 3d and 4p states and related quantum mechanical interferences between dipole and quadrupole transitions. Here we present a theoretical analysis of experimental high-resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the V K pre-edge measured in partial fluorescence yield mode for single crystals. We carried out density functional as well as configuration interaction calculations in order to capture effects coming from both itinerant and atomic limits. C1 [Hansmann, P.; Toschi, A.; Sangiovanni, G.; Held, K.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Hansmann, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS UMR7644, Ctr Phys Theor, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Haverkort, M. W.] Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Rodolakis, F.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS UMR 8502, Phys Solides Lab, FR-91405 Orsay, France. [Rodolakis, F.; Rueff, J. P.] Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Rodolakis, F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rueff, J. P.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7614, Lab Chim Phys Mat & Rayonnemen, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Hansmann, P (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RI Haverkort, Maurits W./D-2319-2009; Sangiovanni, Giorgio/L-5893-2013; Hansmann, Philipp/L-5912-2013; Held, Karsten/O-4178-2015; Rueff, Jean-Pascal/D-8938-2016; Toschi, Alessandro/C-6310-2017 OI Haverkort, Maurits W./0000-0002-7216-3146; Sangiovanni, Giorgio/0000-0003-2218-2901; Held, Karsten/0000-0001-5984-8549; Rueff, Jean-Pascal/0000-0003-3594-918X; Toschi, Alessandro/0000-0001-5669-3377 FU Research Unit of the Deusche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 1346]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I597-N16]; SFB ViCoM [FWF F4103-N13] FX M.H. and A.T. acknowledge financial support from the Research Unit FOR 1346 of the Deusche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Austrian Science Fund (FWF Project No. I597-N16), and K.H. from the SFB ViCoM FWF F4103-N13. Calculations have been performed in part on the Vienna Scientific Cluster. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 11 AR 115136 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.115136 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 917JM UT WOS:000302170500001 ER PT J AU Lu, TM Pan, W Tsui, DC Lee, CH Liu, CW AF Lu, T. M. Pan, W. Tsui, D. C. Lee, C. -H. Liu, C. W. TI Fractional quantum Hall effect of two-dimensional electrons in high-mobility Si/SiGe field-effect transistors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; SYSTEM; STATE; LIMIT; GAS AB The fractional quantum Hall (FQH) regime of the Si two-dimensional electron system (2DES) in enhancement-mode field-effect transistors of Si/SiGe heterostructures was probed via electrical transport measurements. At n similar to 2.6 x 10(11) cm(2) with mu = 1.6 x 10(6) cm(2)/Vs, signatures of FQH states at filling factors nu = 4/5, 6/5, and 10/7 were observed, in addition to the FQH states reported in previous studies. The temperature dependence of the FQH states is investigated and comparison is made with previous work done on modulation-doped samples. Results indicate that robustness of the FQH states is dependent on the nature of disorder in the 2DES. C1 [Lu, T. M.; Tsui, D. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pan, W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Lee, C. -H.; Liu, C. W.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Lee, C. -H.; Liu, C. W.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Elect Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Liu, C. W.] Natl Nano Device Labs, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. RP Lu, TM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM tmlu@princeton.edu OI Liu, Chee Wee/0000-0002-6439-8754 FU DOE; NSF [DMR-0654118]; NSF-MRSEC [DMR-0213706]; five-year 50-B program; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; State of Florida; DOE/Basic Energy Science FX The work at Princeton University was funded by the DOE and the NSF, and T.M.L. was supported by NSF-MRSEC, Grant No. DMR-0213706. The work at National Taiwan University was supported by the five-year 50-B program. The work at Sandia was supported by DOE/Basic Energy Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-0654118, by the State of Florida, and by the DOE. The authors thank E. Palm, T. Murphy, G. Jones, J. Park, and S. Hannahs for their assistance in experiment. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 12 AR 121307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.121307 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 917JO UT WOS:000302170900003 ER PT J AU Parker, D Singh, DJ AF Parker, David Singh, David J. TI Thermoelectric properties of AgGaTe2 and related chalcopyrite structure materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC BAND-STRUCTURE; FILLED SKUTTERUDITES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ALLOYS; GROWTH; FIGURE; MERIT; PBTE AB We present an analysis of the potential thermoelectric performance of p-type AgGaTe2, which has already shown a ZT of 0.8 with partial optimization, and observe that the same band-structure features, such as a mixture of light and heavy bands and isotropic transport, that lead to this good performance are present in certain other ternary chalcopyrite structure semiconductors. We find that optimal performance of AgGaTe2 will be found for hole concentrations between 4 x 10(19) and 2 x 10(20) cm(-3) at 900 K, and 2 x 10(19) and 10(20) cm(-3) at 700 K, and that certain other chalcopyrite semiconductors might show good thermoelectric performance at similar doping ranges and temperatures if not for higher lattice thermal conductivity. C1 [Parker, David; Singh, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Parker, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 FU US Department of Energy; EERE; Vehicle Technologies; Propulsion Materials Program; Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577] FX D.J.S. is grateful for helpful discussions on tetrahedrally bonded thermoelectric materials with X. Shi, Lili Xi, Jiong Yang, and Wenqing Zhang. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, EERE, Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion Materials Program (D.P.) and the Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577 (D.J.S.). NR 50 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 56 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 12 AR 125209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.125209 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 917JO UT WOS:000302170900006 ER PT J AU Singh, S Chien, TY Guest, JR Fitzsimmons, MR AF Singh, Surendra Chien, Te-Yu Guest, J. R. Fitzsimmons, M. R. TI Correlation between surface rumpling and structural phase transformation in SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; THIN-FILMS; TRANSITION; FERROELECTRICITY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; RELAXATION; MICROSCOPY AB We present x-ray reflectivity, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy measurements of single-crystal SrTiO3 taken as a function of temperature. We found a rumpling transformation of the SrTiO3 surface after cooling the sample below similar to 105 K. The rumpling transformation is correlated with the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transformation that occurs at the same temperature. The rumpling transformation is reversible. C1 [Singh, Surendra; Fitzsimmons, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Singh, Surendra] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Chien, Te-Yu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Guest, J. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM surendra@barc.gov.in RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009; Singh, Surendra/E-5351-2011 OI Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801; Singh, Surendra/0000-0001-5482-9744 FU Office of Basic Energy Science, US Department of Energy, BES-DMS; Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Science, US Department of Energy, BES-DMS funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 11 AR 115450 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.115450 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 917JM UT WOS:000302170500007 ER EF